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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2004

OR

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to             

Commission file number 1-10145

LYONDELL CHEMICAL COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (713) 652-7200

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes   x    No  ¨

Number of shares of common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2004: 178,491,306

(includes common stock, $1.00 par value, and Series B common stock, $1.00 par value)

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

LYONDELL CHEMICAL COMPANY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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LYONDELL CHEMICAL COMPANY

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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LYONDELL CHEMICAL COMPANY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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LYONDELL CHEMICAL COMPANY

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

1. Basis of Preparation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared from the books and records of Lyondell Chemical Company (“Lyondell”) in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting only of normal, recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2003 included in the Lyondell 2003 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

2. Employee Stock Options

In the first quarter 2003, Lyondell adopted the “fair value” method of accounting for employee stock options, the preferred method as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. Lyondell is using the prospective transition method, one of three alternatives under SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation – Transition and Disclosure, for a voluntary change to the fair value method. Under the prospective transition method, an estimate of the fair value of options granted to employees during 2003 and thereafter is charged to earnings over the related vesting periods. This change resulted in an after-tax charge of approximately $1 million for each of the six-month periods ended June 30, 2004 and 2003.

Prior to 2003, Lyondell accounted for employee stock options under the intrinsic value method prescribed by Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. Accordingly, no compensation cost was recognized in connection with stock options granted prior to 2003 under Lyondell’s plans. The pro forma effect on net income and earnings per share of measuring compensation expense for such grants in the manner prescribed in SFAS No. 123 is summarized in the table below:

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LYONDELL CHEMICAL COMPANY

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

3. Equity Interest in Equistar Chemicals, LP

Lyondell’s operations in the petrochemicals and polymers segments are conducted through its joint venture ownership interest in Equistar Chemicals, LP (“Equistar”). Lyondell has a 70.5% interest in Equistar, while Millennium Chemicals Inc. (“Millennium”) has a 29.5% interest. Because the partners jointly control certain key management decisions, including approval of the strategic plan, capital expenditures and annual budget, issuance of additional debt and the appointment of executive management of the partnership, Lyondell accounts for its investment in Equistar using the equity method of accounting. As a partnership, Equistar is not subject to federal income taxes.

As described in Note 13, the partners have agreed to a transaction under which, if completed, Equistar, as well as Millennium, will become 100% owned consolidated subsidiaries of Lyondell.

Summarized financial information for Equistar follows:

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LYONDELL CHEMICAL COMPANY

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Lyondell’s income or loss from its investment in Equistar consists of Lyondell’s share of Equistar’s income or loss and accretion of the amount by which Lyondell’s underlying equity in Equistar’s net assets exceeds the carrying value of Lyondell’s investment in Equistar. At June 30, 2004, Lyondell’s underlying equity in Equistar’s net assets exceeded the carrying value of its investment in Equistar by approximately $158 million. This difference is being recognized in income over the next 14 years.

4. Equity Interest in LYONDELL-CITGO Refining LP

Lyondell’s refining operations are conducted through its joint venture ownership interest in LYONDELL-CITGO Refining LP (“LCR”). Lyondell has a 58.75% interest in LCR, while CITGO Petroleum Corporation (“CITGO”) has a 41.25% interest. Because the partners jointly control certain key management decisions, including approval of the strategic plan, capital expenditures and annual budget, issuance of debt and the appointment of the executive management of the partnership, Lyondell accounts for its investment in LCR using the equity method of accounting. As a partnership, LCR is not subject to federal income taxes.

Lyondell’s investment in and receivable from LCR consisted of the following:

Summarized financial information for LCR follows:

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LYONDELL CHEMICAL COMPANY

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Lyondell’s income from its investment in LCR consists of Lyondell’s share of LCR’s net income and accretion of the amount by which Lyondell’s underlying equity in LCR’s net assets exceeds the carrying value of Lyondell’s investment in LCR. At June 30, 2004, Lyondell’s underlying equity in LCR’s net assets exceeded the carrying value of its investment in LCR by approximately $262 million. This difference will be recognized in income over the next 24 years.

In May 2004, LCR refinanced its credit facilities with a new $450 million senior secured term loan and a $100 million senior secured revolver, which mature in May 2007. The term loan requires quarterly amortization payments of $1.125 million beginning September 30, 2004. The new facility replaces LCR’s $450 million term loan facility and $70 million revolving credit facility, which were scheduled to mature in June 2004, and is secured by substantially all of the assets of LCR and contains covenants that require LCR to maintain specified financial ratios.

As part of the refinancing, Lyondell and CITGO also extended the maturity of the loans payable to partners, including $229 million payable to Lyondell and $35 million payable to CITGO, from July 1, 2005 to January 1, 2008.

5. Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following components:

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LYONDELL CHEMICAL COMPANY

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

6. Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

The components of property, plant and equipment, at cost, and the related accumulated depreciation were as follows:

Depreciation and amortization is summarized as follows:

In addition, amortization of debt issuance costs of $5 million and $4 million for the three-month periods ended June 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively, and $9 million and $8 million for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively, is included in interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

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LYONDELL CHEMICAL COMPANY

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

7. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consisted of the following:

In February 2004, in response to ongoing adverse conditions in the industry, Lyondell obtained amendments to its credit facility to provide additional financial flexibility by easing certain financial ratio requirements. In June 2004, Lyondell obtained an amendment to its credit facility that permits the proposed transaction with Millennium as described in Note 13.

8. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

Net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit costs included the following components for the periods presented:

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LYONDELL CHEMICAL COMPANY

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

Lyondell previously disclosed, in its financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2003, that it expected to contribute approximately $57 million to its pension plans in 2004. As a result of pension funding relief legislation enacted in April 2004, Lyondell estimates that the 2004 pension contribution will decrease to approximately $36 million.

The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (the “Act”) was enacted in December 2003. In January 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) FAS 106-1, Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003. FSP FAS 106-1 permitted, and Lyondell elected, to defer recognition of the effects of the Act in accounting for its plans until the FASB developed and issued authoritative guidance on accounting for subsidies provided by the Act. In May 2004, the FASB issued FSP FAS 106-2 of the same title, which gave final guidance on accounting for subsidies under the Act and requires Lyondell to implement its provisions no later than the third quarter 2004, if the effects are significant. Lyondell is currently evaluating the impact of FSP FAS 106-2 and the Act. Through June 30, 2004, the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation and the net periodic postretirement benefit costs do not reflect any potential benefit associated with the subsidy. Lyondell does not expect the effects of the Act to be a significant event and will recognize the effects at the next measurement date for plan assets and obligations, which is expected to be December 31, 2004.

9. Commitments and Contingencies

Crude Supply Agreement—Under a crude supply agreement (“Crude Supply Agreement” or “CSA”), PDVSA Petróleo, S.A. (“PDVSA Oil”) is required to sell, and LCR is required to purchase, 230,000 barrels per day of extra heavy crude oil, which constitutes approximately 86% of LCR’s rated refining capacity of 268,000 barrels per day of crude oil. Since April 1998, PDVSA Oil has, from time to time, declared itself in a force majeure situation and subsequently reduced deliveries of crude oil. Such reductions in deliveries were purportedly based on announced OPEC production cuts. At such times, PDVSA Oil informed LCR that the Venezuelan government, through the Ministry of Energy and Mines, had instructed that production of certain grades of crude oil be reduced. In certain circumstances, PDVSA Oil made payments to LCR under a different provision of the CSA in partial compensation for such reductions.

LCR has consistently contested the validity of the reductions in deliveries by PDVSA Oil and Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A. (“PDVSA”) under the CSA. The parties have different interpretations of the provisions of the contracts concerning the delivery of crude oil. The contracts do not contain dispute resolution procedures, and the parties have been unable to resolve their commercial dispute. As a result, in February 2002, LCR filed a lawsuit against PDVSA and PDVSA Oil in connection with the force majeure declarations, which LCR is continuing to litigate.

From time to time, Lyondell and PDVSA have had discussions covering both a restructuring of the CSA and a broader restructuring of the LCR partnership. Lyondell is unable to predict whether changes in either arrangement will occur.

Depending on then-current market conditions, any breach or termination of the CSA, or reduction in supply thereunder, would require LCR to purchase all or a portion of its crude oil in the merchant market, which could subject LCR to significant volatility and price fluctuations and could adversely affect LCR and, therefore, Lyondell. There can be no assurance that alternative crude oil supplies with similar margins would be available for purchase by LCR.

Indemnification Arrangements Relating to Equistar—Lyondell, Millennium and Occidental Petroleum Corporation (together with its subsidiaries and affiliates, collectively “Occidental”) have each agreed to provide certain indemnifications or guarantees thereof to Equistar with respect to the petrochemicals and polymers businesses they

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LYONDELL CHEMICAL COMPANY

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

each contributed. In addition, Equistar agreed to assume third party claims that are related to certain contingent liabilities arising prior to the contribution transactions that are filed prior to December 1, 2004 as to Lyondell and Millennium, and May 15, 2005 as to Occidental, to the extent the aggregate thereof does not exceed $7 million for each entity, subject to certain terms of the respective asset contribution agreements. As of June 30, 2004, Equistar had incurred the full $7 million with respect to the business contributed by Lyondell. Lyondell, Millennium, Occidental and Equistar remain liable under these indemnification or guarantee arrangements to the same extent as they were before Lyondell’s August 2002 acquisition of Occidental’s interest in Equistar and will continue to remain liable to the same extent after the closing of the proposed transaction between Lyondell and Millennium – see Note 13 – except that Lyondell will own 100% of Millennium and Equistar.

Environmental Remediation—As of June 30, 2004, Lyondell’s environmental liability for future remediation costs at current and former plant sites and a limited number of Superfund sites totaled $15 million. Substantially all amounts accrued are expected to be incurred over the next ten years. In the opinion of management, there is currently no material estimable range of possible loss in excess of the liabilities recorded for environmental remediation. However, it is possible that new information about the sites for which the accrual has been established, new technology or future developments such as involvement in investigations by regulatory agencies, could require Lyondell to reassess its potential exposure related to environmental matters.

Clean Air Act—The eight-county Houston/Galveston region has been designated a severe non-attainment area for ozone by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) under a “one-hour” ozone standard. Emission reduction controls for nitrogen oxides (“NOx”), which contribute to ozone formation, must be installed at LCR’s refinery and each of Lyondell’s two facilities and Equistar’s six facilities in the Houston/Galveston region prior to a November 2007 compliance deadline for the one-hour ozone standard. Revised rules adopted by the regulatory agencies changed the required NOx reduction levels from 90% to 80%. Under the revised 80% standard, Lyondell estimates that the incremental capital expenditures would range between $250 million and $300 million for Lyondell, Equistar and LCR, collectively.

The following table summarizes the range of projected capital expenditures for Lyondell and its joint ventures to comply with the one-hour ozone standard and the 80% NOx emission reduction requirements:

Cumulative capital expenditures through June 30, 2004 by Lyondell, Equistar and LCR relating to NOx emission reductions totaled $19 million, $85 million and $12 million, respectively. Lyondell’s proportionate share of the spending through June 30, 2004 totaled $85 million.

The above range of estimates could be affected by increased costs for stricter proposed controls over highly reactive, volatile organic compounds (“HRVOCs”). The regulatory agency for the state of Texas, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, or “TCEQ,” plans to finalize the HRVOC rules by December 2004. Lyondell, Equistar and

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

LCR are still assessing the impact of the proposed HRVOC revisions. In addition, in April 2004, the EPA designated the eight-county Houston/Galveston region a moderate non-attainment area under an “eight-hour” ozone standard. As a result, the TCEQ must submit a plan to the EPA in 2007 to demonstrate compliance with the eight-hour ozone standard in 2010. The TCEQ is continuing with its current plan to revise the HRVOC rules in 2004. The timing and amount of the estimated expenditures are subject to these regulatory and other uncertainties, as well as to obtaining the necessary permits and approvals. There can be no assurance as to the ultimate cost of implementing any plan developed to comply with the final ozone standards.

The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 set minimum levels for oxygenates, such as methyl tertiary butyl ether (“MTBE”), in gasoline sold in areas not meeting specified air quality standards. However, the presence of MTBE in some water supplies in California and other states due to gasoline leaking from underground storage tanks and in surface water from recreational water craft has led to public concern about the use of MTBE. Certain U.S. states have banned the use of MTBE, while other U.S. federal and state governmental initiatives have sought either to rescind the oxygen requirement for reformulated gasoline or to restrict or also ban the use of MTBE. During 2003, the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate produced an energy bill that would have phased out the use of MTBE over 10 years, but also provided limited liability protection for MTBE. The House of Representatives passed the bill as reported out of conference, but the Senate has not. Various versions of an energy bill have been considered in the Senate in 2004 that would phase out use of MTBE, but would not provide liability protection. The final form and timing of the reconciliation of these competing versions of the energy bill in the U.S. Congress is uncertain.

At the state level, a number of states have legislated MTBE bans. Of these, several are midwest states that use ethanol as the oxygenate of choice. Therefore, bans in these states do not impact MTBE demand. However, Connecticut, California and New York have bans of MTBE in place effective January 1, 2004. These bans started to negatively affect MTBE demand during late 2003. In addition, in 2003 several major oil companies substantially reduced or discontinued the use of MTBE in gasoline produced for California markets, negatively affecting 2003 demand. Lyondell estimates that, in 2003, California, Connecticut and New York combined represented approximately one-fourth of U.S. MTBE industry demand. Other states have enacted or have proposed future MTBE bans and gasoline blenders in these states are making decisions that would lead to deselection of MTBE, which also will negatively impact U.S. MTBE industry demand.

At this time, Lyondell cannot predict the full impact that these potential U.S. federal and state governmental initiatives and state bans will have on MTBE margins or volumes longer term. Lyondell’s North American MTBE sales represented approximately 17% of its total 2003 revenues. Lyondell intends to continue marketing MTBE in the U.S. In the short term, in response to market conditions, Lyondell is capable of adjusting, within design limits, the relative ratios of propylene oxide (“PO”) and tertiary butyl alcohol (“TBA”) produced at its PO/TBA plants. It can also shift more of its PO production to PO/Styrene Monomer (“SM”) plants from PO/TBA plants, as necessary. This flexibility has increased with the fourth quarter 2003 startup of the Maasvlakte PO/SM plant. However, should it become necessary or desirable to significantly reduce MTBE production, Lyondell would need to make capital expenditures to add the flexibility to produce alternative gasoline blending components, such as iso-octane, iso-octene or ethyl tertiary butyl ether (“ETBE”), at its U.S.-based MTBE plant. The current estimated costs for converting Lyondell’s U.S.-based MTBE plant to iso-octene production is less than $20 million, whereas the current estimated costs for converting to iso-octane production range from $65 million to $75 million. Lyondell’s U.S.-based MTBE plant could be converted to ETBE production with minimal capital expenditure. Lyondell is pursuing ETBE viability through legislative efforts. One key hurdle is equal access to the federal subsidy provided for ethanol blended into gasoline for the ethanol component of ETBE. Lyondell is currently evaluating the iso-octene alternative prior to making any major capital commitments and any ultimate decision could be influenced by further regulatory and market developments. The profit contribution related to alternative gasoline blending components is likely to be lower than that historically realized on MTBE.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

The Clean Air Act also specified certain emissions standards for vehicles and, in 1998, the EPA concluded that additional controls on gasoline and diesel fuel were necessary. New standards for gasoline were finalized in 1999 and required refiners to phase in production of a lower sulfur-content gasoline in 2004, with final compliance by 2007. A new “on-road” diesel standard was adopted in January 2001 and will require refiners of on-road diesel fuel to produce 80% as ultra low sulfur diesel (“ULSD”) by June 2006 and 100% by the end of 2009. The off-road diesel fuel standards, which were finalized during the second quarter of 2004, provide for phased implementation from 2007 to 2014. These gasoline and diesel fuel standards will result in increased capital investment for LCR.

LCR currently estimates that capital spending to comply with the low sulfur gasoline standard and the new diesel fuel standards will range between $165 million and $205 million. In 2003, LCR developed alternative approaches to complying with the low sulfur gasoline standard and the new diesel fuel standard that led to an approximate $300 million reduction in overall estimated capital expenditures for these projects. As a result, LCR recognized impairment of value of $25 million of project costs incurred to date, which are not included in the current estimate. LCR has spent approximately $31 million, excluding the $25 million charge, as of June 30, 2004 for both the gasoline and diesel fuel standards projects. Lyondell’s 58.75% share of these incremental capital expenditures for these projects is not expected to exceed $120 million. In addition, these standards could result in higher operating costs for LCR. Equistar’s business may also be impacted if these standards increase the cost for processing fuel components.

General—Lyondell is involved in various lawsuits and proceedings. Subject to the uncertainty inherent in all litigation, management believes the resolution of these proceedings will not have a material effect on the financial position, liquidity or results of operations of Lyondell.

In the opinion of management, any liability arising from the matters discussed in this note is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the financial position or liquidity of Lyondell. However, the adverse resolution in any reporting period of one or more of these matters discussed in this note could have a material impact on Lyondell’s results of operations for that period, which may be mitigated by contribution or indemnification obligations of others, or by any insurance coverage that may be available.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

10. Per Share Data

Basic earnings per share for the periods presented are computed based upon the weighted average number of shares of original common stock and Series B common stock outstanding during the periods. Diluted earnings per share also include the effect of outstanding stock options and warrants. These stock options and warrants were antidilutive for the six months ended June 30, 2004 and for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2003. Potentially dilutive options and warrants for 16,138,100 shares of original common stock were outstanding at June 30, 2004.

Earnings per share data and dividends declared per share of common stock were as follows: