LEAPFROG ENTERPRISES INC - 10-Q Quarterly Report

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D. C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2004

¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 001-31396

LeapFrog Enterprises, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant, As Specified in its Charter)


Delaware		95-4652013
(State of Incorporation)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

6401 Hollis Street, Suite 150, Emeryville, California 94608-1071

(Address of Principal Executive Offices, Including Zip Code)

Registrant’s Phone Number, Including Area Code: (510) 420-5000

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes x No ¨

The number of shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.0001, and Class B common stock, par value $0.0001, outstanding as of April 30, 2004, was 31,684,384 and 27,881,497, respectively.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I

Financial Information


		Page

Item 1.	Financial Statements and Notes (Unaudited)
	Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2004, March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2003	1
	Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2004 and 2003	2
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2004 and 2003	3
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	4
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	8
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	26
Item 4.	Disclosure Controls and Procedures	26

Part II
Other Information
		Page

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	28
Item 6.	Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K	28

Signatures
Exhibit Index

PART 1.

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

Financial Statements

LEAPFROG ENTERPRISES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except per share data)


	March 31,						December 31, 2003
	2004			2003			December 31, 2003
	(Unaudited)						(Note 1)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	126,545		$	107,807		$	69,844
Short term investments		74,124			20,211			42,759
Restricted cash		8,418			—			—
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $14,526, $9,388 and $26,980 at March 31, 2004 and 2003 and December 31, 2003, respectively		69,170			57,989			281,792
Inventories, net		115,063			81,872			90,897
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		8,821			6,923			8,370
Deferred income taxes		18,774			9,671			11,735

Total current assets		420,915			284,473			505,397
Property and equipment, net		20,923			20,541			20,547
Investments in affiliates and related parties		—			200			—
Deferred income taxes		553			10,573			619
Intangible assets		30,555			26,031			25,048
Other assets		6,318			132			1,048

Total assets	$	479,264		$	341,950		$	552,659

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	38,607		$	23,237		$	86,161
Accrued liabilities		26,294			21,201			44,634
Deferred revenue		240			2,186			1,417
Income taxes payable		3,069			—			4,729

Total current liabilities		68,210			46,624			136,941
Deferred rent and other long term liabilities		540			573			572
Deferred income taxes		31			3,344			—
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Class A common stock, par value $0.0001; 139,500 shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding: 31,651, 22,119 and 31,273 at March 31, 2004 and 2003 and December 31, 2003, respectively.		3			2			3
Class B common stock, par value $0.0001; 40,500 shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding: 27,883, 33,990 and 27,883 at March 31, 2004 and 2003 and December 31, 2003, respectively.		3			3			3
Additional paid-in capital		301,654			247,413			294,976
Deferred compensation		(1,965	)		(4,301	)		(2,492	)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		783			108			828
Retained earnings		110,005			48,184			121,828

Total stockholders’ equity		410,483			291,409			415,146

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	479,264		$	341,950		$	552,659

See accompanying notes.

LEAPFROG ENTERPRISES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2004			2003
Net sales	$	71,632		$	76,733
Cost of sales		39,684			36,092

Gross profit		31,948			40,641
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative		26,769			21,521
Research and development		13,946			14,404
Advertising		8,686			6,355
Depreciation and amortization		1,793			1,903

Total operating expenses		51,194			44,183

Loss from operations		(19,246	)		(3,542	)
Interest expense		(1	)		(3	)
Interest income		397			326
Other income		863			1,604

Loss before benefit for income taxes		(17,987	)		(1,615	)
Benefit for income taxes		(6,164	)		(646	)

Net loss	$	(11,823	)	$	(969	)

Net loss per common share - basic and diluted	$	(0.20	)	$	(0.02	)

Shares used in calculating net loss per common share - basic and diluted		59,373			55,162

See accompanying notes.

LEAPFROG ENTERPRISES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2004			2003
Net loss	$	(11,823	)	$	(969	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation		3,755			3,706
Amortization		493			161
Provision for allowances for accounts receivable		7,333			3,173
Deferred income taxes		(6,942	)		631
Deferred rent		(32	)		23
Deferred revenue		(1,177	)		(820	)
Amortization of deferred compensation		481			557
Stock option compensation related to nonemployees		135			220
Tax benefit from exercise of stock options		3,179			11,194
Amortization of bond premium		50			(18	)
Other changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		205,289			108,508
Inventories		(24,166	)		2,588
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(451	)		(2,539	)
Notes receivable due from related parties		—			276
Other assets		(270	)		152
Accounts payable		(47,554	)		(35,606	)
Accrued liabilities		(18,340	)		(19,332	)
Income taxes payable		(1,660	)		(21,832	)

Net cash provided by operating activities		108,300			50,073
Investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment		(4,131	)		(4,009	)
Purchase of intangible assets		(6,000	)		(3,000	)
Purchases of short term investments		(60,854	)		(20,193	)
Sale of short term investments		16,021			—

Net cash used in investing activities		(54,964	)		(27,202	)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from the payment of notes receivable from stockholders		—			2,624
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan		3,410			9,042

Net cash provided by financing activities		3,410			11,666
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		(45	)		(57	)

Increase in cash and cash equivalents		56,701			34,480
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		69,844			73,327

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	126,545		$	107,807

Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
Cash paid during the period for:
Income taxes	$	—		$	12,746
Amount payable related to technology license		4,000			—

LEAPFROG ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

(Unaudited)

1.	Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and related disclosures have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States applicable to interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and interim results of LeapFrog Enterprises, Inc. (the “Company”) as of and for the periods presented have been included. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Because the Company’s business is seasonal, results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of those that may be expected for a full year.

Certain amounts in the financial statements for prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation.

The balance sheet at December 31, 2003 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. The financial information included herein should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related notes in its 2003 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 12, 2004 (SEC File No. 001-31396).

2.	Stock Based Compensation

The Company generally grants stock options to its employees for a fixed number of shares with an exercise price equal to the fair value of the shares on the date of grant. As allowed under the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”), the Company has elected to follow Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (“APB 25”) and related interpretations in accounting for stock awards to employees. Accordingly, no compensation expense is recognized in the Company’s financial statements in connection with stock options granted to employees where exercise prices are equal to or greater than fair value. Deferred compensation for options granted to employees is determined as the difference between the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date options were granted in excess of the exercise price.

Stock-based compensation arrangements with nonemployees are accounted for in accordance with SFAS 123 and EITF No. 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments that Are Issued to Other than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services,” using a fair value approach. The compensation costs of these arrangements are subject to remeasurement over the vesting terms as earned.

For purposes of disclosures pursuant to SFAS 123, as amended by SFAS 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation—Transition and Disclosure,” the estimated fair value of options is amortized over the options’ vesting periods. The following table illustrates the effect on net loss and net loss per common share if we had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123 to stock-based employee compensation:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2004			2003
Net loss as reported	$	(11,823	)	$	(969	)
Add: Stock based employee compensation expense included in reported net loss, net of related tax effects		316			334
Deduct: Total stock based employee compensation expense determined under fair value method for all awards, net of related tax effects		(2,106	)		(1,122	)

Pro forma net loss	$	(13,613	)	$	(1,757	)

Net loss per common share as reported	$	(0.20	)	$	(0.02	)

Pro forma net loss per common share - basic and diluted	$	(0.23	)	$	(0.03	)

LEAPFROG ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

(Unaudited)

3.	Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash, money market funds, and highly liquid short-term fixed income municipal securities with an original maturity of 90 days or less. Concentration of credit risk is limited by diversifying investments among a variety of high credit-quality issuers.

4.	Short Term Investments

Short-term investments consist primarily of fixed income municipal securities and auction preferred securities with maturities of one year or less. The Company classifies all short-term investments as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale securities are carried at estimated fair value, based on available market information, with unrealized gains and losses, if any, reported as a component of stockholders’ equity. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. Concentration of credit risk is limited by diversifying investments among a variety of high credit-quality issuers.

5.	Restricted Cash

Restricted cash at March 31, 2004 consists of cash used to collateralize irrevocable standby letters of credit to several of our inventory manufacturers and one technology partner. The standby letters of credit guarantee performance of the obligations of certain of our foreign subsidiaries to pay for trade payables and contractual obligations of up to $13,400 and are fully secured by cash deposits with the issuer. Of the $13,400 in outstanding letters of credit, $8,400 expires in December 2004 and $5,000 expires in December 2005. The cash collateral related to the $8,400 is classified in “restricted cash” and the cash collateral related to the $5,000 is included in “other assets (long term)” in our balance sheet.

6.	Inventories

Inventories consist of the following:


	March 31,
	2004		2003		December 31, 2003
Raw materials	$	35,333	$	18,795	$	27,911
Work in process		2,667		—		—
Finished goods		77,063		63,077		62,986

Inventories, net	$	115,063	$	81,872	$	90,897

7.	License Acquisition

In January 2004, the Company entered into a ten-year technology license agreement with a technology company to jointly develop and customize our respective technologies to be combined in a platform and related licensed products. The agreement calls for contractual payments of $6,000 in license fees, payable in 2004. The $6,000 license fee is included in intangible assets on the balance sheet and will be amortized to expense over the life of the contract.

8.	Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of net loss and currency translation adjustment.


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2004			2003
Net loss	$	(11,823	)	$	(969	)
Currency translation adjustment		(45	)		(57	)

Comprehensive loss	$	(11,868	)	$	(1,026	)

9.	Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company transacts business in various foreign currencies, primarily in the British Pound, Canadian Dollar and European currency or Euros. In order to protect itself against reductions in the value and volatility of future cash flows caused by changes in currency exchange rates, the Company implemented a foreign exchange hedging program for

LEAPFROG ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

(Unaudited)

its transaction exposure on January 9, 2004. The program utilizes foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge foreign currency exposures of underlying non-functional currency monetary assets and liabilities that are subject to remeasurement. The exposures are primarily generated through intercompany sales in foreign currencies. The hedging program reduces, but does always eliminate, the impact of currency exchange rate movements that are due to remeasurement of balance sheet items.

The Company does not use forward exchange hedging contracts for speculative or trading purposes. All forward contracts are carried on the balance sheet as assets or liabilities and the contract’s corresponding gains and losses are recognized in “Other income (expense)” on the Income Statement immediately in earnings to offset the changes in fair value of the assets or liabilities being hedged.

The Company realized a net gain of $863 related to its foreign currency exposure and hedging contracts. This is the sole component of other income for the quarter ended March 31, 2004. Prior to the inception of the hedging program, a net gain of $1,070 was generated by the appreciation of foreign currencies. Subsequent to the implementation of the program, the Company recorded a net loss of $207, which includes an expense of $151 for forward points paid on the hedging contracts.

At March 31, 2004, the Company had outstanding foreign exchange forward contracts, all with maturities of less than three months, to purchase and sell approximately $25,300 in foreign currencies, including in British Pounds, Canadian Dollars and Euros. At March 31, 2004, the fair value of these contracts was not significant. The counterparties to these contracts are substantial and creditworthy multinational commercial banks. The risks of counterparty nonperformance associated with these contracts are not considered to be material. Notwithstanding the Company’s efforts to manage foreign exchange risk, there can be no assurances that its hedging activities will adequately protect against the risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations.

10.

Net Loss Per Share

The Company follows the provisions of SFAS No. 128, Earnings Per Share (“SFAS 128”), which requires the presentation of basic net income (loss) per common share and diluted net income (loss) per common share. Basic net income (loss) per common share excludes any dilutive effects of options, warrants and convertible securities.

If the Company had reported net income for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, the calculation of diluted net income per share also would have included 2,157 and 3,834 of common equivalent shares related to outstanding stock option for 2004 and 2003, respectively.

11.

Segment Reporting

The Company’s reportable segments include U.S. Consumer, International and Education and Training.

The U.S. Consumer segment includes the design, production and marketing of electronic educational toys and books, sold primarily through U.S. retail channels. In the International segment, the Company designs, markets and sells products in non-U.S. markets. The Education and Training segment includes the SchoolHouse division, which designs, produces and markets educational instructional materials sold primarily to K-12 school systems.

LEAPFROG ENTERPRISES, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands, except per share and percent data)

(Unaudited)


	Net Sales		Income (Loss) from Operations
Three Months Ended March 31, 2004
U.S. Consumer	$	46,498	$	(19,821	)
International		16,024		701
Education and Training		9,110		(126	)

Total	$	71,632	$	(19,246	)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2003
U.S. Consumer	$	59,664	$	(2,670	)
International		11,131		1,136
Education and Training		5,938		(2,008	)

Total	$	76,733	$	(3,542	)


Total Assets	March 31, 2004		March 31, 2003		December 31, 2003
U.S. Consumer	$	434,773	$	296,696	$	489,285
International		41,281		39,554		59,631
Education and Training		3,210		5,700		3,743

Total	$	479,264	$	341,950	$	552,659

13.

Legal Proceedings

In October 2003, the Company filed a complaint in the federal district court of Delaware against Fisher-Price, Inc. alleging that Fisher Price’s PowerTouch learning system violates United States Patent No. 5,813,861. In January 2004, the Company served Fisher-Price with the complaint. The Company is seeking damages and injunctive relief. In April 2004, the federal district court of Delaware set a trial date of May 16, 2005 for this matter.

14.

Subsequent Events

In April 2004, the Company entered into a lease for a distribution center located in the Fontana area of unincorporated San Bernardino County, California. The lease is for a building with approximately 600,000 square feet and has a term of 77 months. The Company’s minimum lease obligations over the term of the lease are $13,900.

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The following discussion and analysis should be read with our financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. This report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking words or phrases such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “planned,” “potential,” “should,” “will,” and “would” or any variations of words with similar meanings. These forward-looking statements relate to future events or our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Specific factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, risks and uncertainties discussed in this report, including those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors That May Affect Our Results and Stock Price” and those that are or may be discussed from time to time in our public announcements and filings with the SEC, such as in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 12, 2004 (SEC File No. 001-31396) under the headings “Risk Factors That May Affect Our Results and Stock Price” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our future Forms 8-K, 10-Q and 10-K. We undertake no obligation to revise the forward-looking statements contained in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of the filing of this report.

OVERVIEW

We design, develop and market technology-based educational platforms, related interactive content and stand-alone products for sale to retailers, distributors and schools. Since the founding of our business in 1995, we have grown from a start-up company selling stand-alone educational toys into a company selling multiple platform products and related interactive software, as well as stand-alone products, with total net sales in 2003 of $680.0 million.

We operate three business segments, which we refer to as U.S. Consumer, International and Education and Training. In the U.S. Consumer segment, we market and sell our products directly to national and regional mass-market and specialty retailers as well as to other retail stores through sales representatives. In our International segment, we sell our products outside the United States directly to overseas retailers and through various distribution and strategic arrangements. Our Education and Training segment targets the school market in the United States, including sales directly to educational institutions, to teacher supply stores and through catalogs aimed at educators. To date, we have sold our products predominantly through the toy sections of major retailers. For further information regarding our three business segments, see Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements contained elsewhere in this quarterly report.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES, JUDGMENTS AND ESTIMATES

Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, filed with the SEC on March 12, 2004 (SEC File No. 001-31396). However, some of our accounting policies are particularly important to the portrayal of our financial position and results of operations and require the application of significant judgment by our management. We believe the following critical accounting policies, among others, affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue upon shipment of our products provided that there are no significant post-delivery obligations to the customer and collection is reasonably assured, which generally occurs upon shipment, either from our U.S. distribution facility or directly from our third-party manufacturers. Net sales represent gross sales less negotiated price allowances related to volume purchasing levels and various promotional programs, estimated returns, and allowances for defective products. Less than 1% of our revenue is deferred and recognized as revenue over a period of twelve to eighteen months, which is the estimated period of use of the products.

Allowances For Accounts Receivable

We reduce accounts receivable by an allowance for amounts that may become uncollectible in the future. This allowance is an estimate based primarily on our management’s evaluation of the customer’s financial condition, past collection history and aging of the receivable. If the financial condition of any of our customers deteriorates, resulting in impairment of its ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required.

We provide estimated allowances for product returns, charge backs and defectives on product sales in the same period that we record the related revenue. We estimate our allowances by utilizing historical information for existing products. For new products, we estimate our allowances for product returns on specific terms for product returns and our experience with similar products. In estimating returns, we analyze (i) historical returns and sales patterns, (ii) analysis of credit memo data, (iii) current inventory on hand at customers, (iv) changes in demand and (v) introduction of new products. We continually assess the historical rates experience and adjust our allowances as appropriate, and consider other known factors. If actual product returns, charge backs and defective products are greater than our estimates, additional allowances may be required.

Inventories and Related Allowance For Slow-Moving, Excess and Obsolete Inventory

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, on a first-in, first-out basis, or market value and are reduced by an allowance for slow-moving, excess and obsolete inventories. Our estimate for slow-moving, excess and obsolete inventories is based on our management’s review of on hand inventories compared to their estimated future usage and demand for our products. If actual future usage and demand for our products are less favorable than those projected by our management, additional inventory write-downs may be required.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets, including excess purchase price over the cost of net assets acquired, arose from our September 23, 1997 acquisition of substantially all the assets and business of our predecessor, LeapFrog RBT, our acquisition of substantially all the assets of Explore Technologies on July 22, 1998, our acquisition of certain trademark rights in February 2003, and the purchase of a technology license in January 2004. At March 31, 2004, our intangible assets had a net balance of $30.6 million. This balance included $19.5 million of goodwill and other indefinite lived assets, which are not subject to amortization. At December 31, 2003, we tested our goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment based on a combination of the fair value of the cash flows that the business can be expected to generate in the future, known as the income approach, and the fair value of the business as compared to other similar publicly traded companies, known as the market approach. Based on this assessment we determined that no adjustments were necessary to the stated values. We review intangible assets, as well as other long-lived assets, annually and whenever events or circumstances indicate the carrying amount may not be fully recoverable.

Content Development, Home Video Production and Tooling Capitalization

Our management is required to use professional judgment in determining whether development costs meet the criteria for immediate expense or capitalization.

We capitalize the prepublication costs of books as content development costs. Only costs incurred with outside parties are capitalized. In the first quarter of 2004, we capitalized $0.7 million of content development costs, $0.2 million of which pertained to our Education and Training segment. In the first quarter of 2003, we capitalized $1.3 million of content development costs, $0.8 million of which pertained to our Education and Training segment. We depreciate these assets from the time of publication over their estimated useful lives, estimated to be three years, using the sum of years digits method. If the related content is deemed to have a shorter useful life, the remaining balance is written off when the content is no longer used in production.

We capitalize costs related to the production of home video in accordance with AICPA Statement of Accounting Position No. 00-2, “Accounting by Producers or Distributors of Film.” Video production costs are amortized based on the ratio of the current period’s gross revenues to estimated remaining total gross revenues from all sources on an individual production basis. In the first quarter of 2004, we capitalized $0.2 million and amortized $0.3 million of video production costs. We had no video production cost in the first quarter of 2003. If the related video production costs are deemed to have lower gross revenues than originally expected, the remaining balance is written off when the revised revenues are earned.

We capitalize costs related to manufacturing tools developed for our products. We capitalized $1.4 million and $0.9 million in the first quarter of 2004 and 2003, respectively. We depreciate these assets on a straight-line basis, in cost of sales, over an estimated useful life of two years. If the related product line or our manufacturing production results in a shorter life than originally expected, we write off the remaining balance when we remove the tool from production.

Stock-Based Compensation

We account for employee stock options using the intrinsic value method in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” whereby compensation is generally not recorded for options granted at fair value to employees and directors.

In connection with stock options granted to employees in August 2001, we recorded an aggregate of $3.3 million of deferred compensation in stockholders’ equity for the year ended December 31, 2001. These options were considered compensatory because the deemed fair value of the underlying shares of Class A common stock in August 2001, as subsequently determined, was greater than the exercise price of the options. In accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, this deferred compensation will be amortized to expense through the third quarter of 2005 as the options vest.

Stock-based compensation arrangements to nonemployees are accounted for in accordance with SFAS 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” and EITF No. 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments that Are Issued to Others than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services,” using a fair value approach. The compensation costs of these arrangements are subject to remeasurement over the vesting terms as earned.

In 2002, Thomas Kalinske, our Chief Executive Officer; Paul Rioux, our Vice Chairman and Michael Wood our Chief Vision and Creative Officer, and in 2003, Timothy Bender, our President, Worldwide Consumer Group, entered into new employment agreements providing for, among other things, acceleration of vesting and extension of the exercise period of their stock options upon the termination of their employment by LeapFrog without cause or by the employee for good reason (as defined in the agreements) or a change in control of LeapFrog during the term of the applicable agreement. Under applicable accounting principles, upon any termination of employment or change in control resulting in such acceleration or extension, we would be required to recognize compensation expense. The amount of any such compensation expense would depend on the number of option shares affected by the acceleration or extension and could be material to our financial results.

Prior to our July 2002 initial public offering, we granted stock appreciation rights under our Amended and Restated Employee Equity Participation Plan that are measured at each period end against the fair value of the Class A common stock at that time. The resulting difference between periods is recognized as expense at each period-end measurement date based on the vesting of the rights.

In February 2002, we converted 337,500 stock appreciation rights into options to purchase an aggregate of 337,500 shares of Class A common stock. Deferred compensation of approximately $0.9 million related to the unvested portion will be amortized to expense through the third quarter of 2005 as the options vest.

In July 2002, we converted 1,585,580 stock appreciation rights into options to purchase an aggregate of 1,585,580 shares of Class A common stock. The expense related to the conversion of the vested stock appreciation rights was $1.5 million through July 2002 based on vested rights with respect to 192,361 shares of Class A common stock outstanding as of July 25, 2002 at our initial public offering price of $13.00 per share. Our deferred compensation expense in connection with the conversion of 1,310,594 unvested stock appreciation rights held by employees converted to options to purchase 1,310,594 shares of Class A common stock, was $4.0 million. In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, beginning in the third quarter of 2002 and for the following 16 quarters, we will recognize this expense over the remaining vesting period of the options into which the unvested rights are converted. Deferred compensation related to the unvested portion will be amortized to expense as the options vest. To the extent any of the unvested options are forfeited, our actual expense recognized could be lower than currently anticipated. Concurrently with our initial public offering, we stopped granting stock appreciation rights under the Employee Equity Participation Plan.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Three Months Ended March 31, 2004 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2003

The following table sets forth selected information concerning our results of operations as a percentage of net sales for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2004		2003
Net Sales	100.0	%	100.0	%
Cost of Sales	55.4		47.0

Gross Profit	44.6		53.0
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	37.4		28.0
Research and development	19.5		18.8
Advertising	12.1		8.3
Depreciation and amortization	2.5		2.5

Total operating expenses	71.5		57.6

Loss from operations	(26.9	)	(4.6	)
Interest and other income, net	1.8		2.5

Loss before benefit for income taxes	(25.1	)	(2.1	)
Benefit for income taxes	(8.6	)	(0.8	)

Net loss	(16.5	)%	(1.3	)%

Net Sales

Net sales decreased by $5.1 million, or 7%, from $76.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2003 to $71.6 million in the three months ended March 31, 2004. The net sales decrease was primarily due to lower net sales in our U.S. Consumer segment, partially offset by increases in our International and Education and Training segments. Foreign currency exchange rates favorably impacted our total company net sales by 2% due to stronger international currencies.

Net sales for each segment, in dollars and as a percentage of total company net sales, were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2004				2003				Change
Segment	$⁽¹⁾		% of Total Company Sales		$⁽¹⁾		% of Total Company Sales		$⁽¹⁾			%
U.S. Consumer	$	46.5	65	%	$	59.7	78	%	$	(13.2	)	(22	)%
International		16.0	22	%		11.1	14	%		4.9		44	%
Education and Training		9.1	13	%		5.9	8	%		3.2		53	%

Total Company	$	71.6	100	%	$	76.7	100	%	$	(5.1	)	(7	)%

⁽¹⁾	In millions.

U.S. Consumer. Our U.S. Consumer segment’s net sales decreased by $13.2 million, or 22%, from $59.7 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $46.5 million in the first quarter of 2004. This segment comprised 65% of total company net

sales for the first quarter of 2004 compared to 78% for the same period in 2003. Due to the seasonal nature of our business, the first quarter sales trend and product mix is not necessarily indicative of our expected full year results.

Net sales of platform, software and standalone products in dollars and as a percentage of total net sales were as follows:


	Sales									% of Total
	Three Months Ended March 31,				Change					Three Months Ended March 31,
	2004⁽¹⁾		2003⁽¹⁾		$(1)			%		2004		2003
Platform	$	13.1	$	16.1	$	(3.0	)	(18	)%	28.2	%	27.0	%
Software		21.1		28.8		(7.7	)	(27	)%	45.5	%	48.2	%
Standalone		12.3		14.8		(2.5	)	(17	)%	26.3	%	24.8	%

Net Sales	$	46.5	$	59.7	$	(13.2	)	(22	)%	100.0	%	100.0	%

⁽¹⁾	In millions

The net sales decrease in this segment in the first quarter of 2004 compared to the same period in 2003 was a result of the following factors:

•

Lower orders in the first quarter from retailers reluctant to take on additional inventory.

•

Financial difficulties of some large retailers, including FAO Schwarz and KB Toys. These two retailers accounted for approximately 11% of our shipments in the first quarter of 2003.

•

Planned price reductions on our older platforms (classic LeapPad, My First LeapPad and Quantum Pad platforms) following the launch in the second half of 2003 of our LeapPad Plus Writing, LittleTouch and Leapster platforms. For the full year of 2004, we anticipate significant growth in new platforms sales and expect the price reductions to sustain further sales of our older platforms.

International. Our International segment’s net sales increased by $4.9 million, or 44%, from $11.1 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $16.0 million in the first quarter of 2004. This segment comprised 22% of total company net sales for the first quarter of 2004 as compared to 14% in the same period in 2003. The net sales increase in this segment was primarily due to higher sales in the United Kingdom and Canada. The increase in sales in both the United Kingdom and Canada was primarily due to larger market penetration resulting from more localized products and brand awareness. Foreign currency exchange rates favorably impacted our International segment’s net sales by 9% due to stronger international currencies.

Education and Training. Our Education and Training segment’s net sales increased by $3.2 million, or 53%, from $5.9 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $9.1 million in the first quarter of 2004. This segment comprised 13% of total company net sales for the first quarter of 2004 compared to 8% for the same period in 2003. The increase in net sales in this segment, compared to the first quarter of 2003, was primarily due to the continued sales penetration of our LeapTrack learning system, an overall expansion of a dedicated sales force, increased product offerings and brand awareness.

Gross Profit

Gross profit decreased by $8.7 million, or 21%, from $40.6 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $31.9 million in the first quarter of 2004. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales, or gross profit margin, decreased from 53.0% in the first quarter of 2003 to 44.6% in the first quarter of 2004.

Gross profit for each segment and the related percentage of segment net sales were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2004				2003				Change
Segment	$⁽¹⁾		% of Segment Net Sales		$⁽¹⁾		% of Segment Net Sales		$⁽¹⁾			%
U.S. Consumer	$	19.5	41.9	%	$	31.2	52.3	%	$	(11.7	)	(38	)%
International		7.2	45.1	%		6.0	53.6	%		1.2		21	%
Education and Training		5.2	57.3	%		3.4	58.2	%		1.8		51	%

Total Company	$	31.9	44.6	%	$	40.6	53.0	%	$	(8.7	)	(21	)%

⁽¹⁾	In millions.

U.S. Consumer. Our U.S. Consumer segment’s gross profit decreased by $11.7 million, or 38%, from $31.2 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $19.5 million in the first quarter of 2004. Gross profit margin decreased from 52.3% in the first quarter of 2003 to 41.9% in the first quarter of 2004. The decrease in gross profit margin year-over-year was primarily due to unfavorable product mix, sales of lower priced mature platforms and higher fixed costs as follows:

•

Unfavorable product mix was primarily due to a higher percentage of sales coming from our new platforms, LeapPad Plus Writing, LittleTouch LeapPad and Leapster platforms, which generally have lower margins than our older platforms. A decrease in the sales of our software, which generally has a higher margin than platform and standalone products, also negatively impacted the gross profit margin.

•

Price reductions on our older platforms, the classic LeapPad, My First LeapPad and Quantum Pad platforms, were made in order to achieve lower retail prices and drive future sales of these platforms and related software.

•

Higher expenses, such as warehousing, freight, and amortization and tooling depreciation expenses, negatively impacted the gross profit margin. Lower sales in the segment resulted in a loss of margin leverage on our fixed costs.

We anticipate gross profit margin for our U.S. Consumer segment to be higher for the full year of 2004 as manufacturing volume increases and we begin to realize lower costs of production, particularly on our new platforms launched in the second half of the year.

International. Our International segment’s gross profit increased by $1.2 million, or 21%, from $6.0 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $7.2 million in the first quarter of 2004. Gross profit percent decreased from 53.6% in the first quarter of 2003 to 45.1% in the first quarter of 2004. The 850 basis points decrease in gross profit percent year-over-year was primarily due to higher character royalties, warehousing and freight expenses.

Education and Training. Our Education and Training segment’s gross profit increased by $1.8 million, or 51%, from $3.4 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $5.2 million in the first quarter of 2004. Gross profit percent decreased from 58.2% in the first quarter of 2003 to 57.3% in the first quarter of 2004. The 90 basis points decrease in gross profit percent year-over-year was primarily due to higher training and product installation services in cost of goods sold.

We anticipate gross profit margin for our International and Education and Training segments to be higher for the full year of 2004 as we gain more sales leverage on the fixed expenses in these segments’ cost of sales.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $5.3 million, or 24%, from $21.5 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $26.8 million in the first quarter of 2004. As a percentage of net sales, selling, general and administrative expenses increased from 28.0% in the first quarter of 2003 to 37.4% in the first quarter of 2004. This increase is attributed to higher compensation expenses due to increased headcount, higher bad debt expense related to the bankruptcy of KB Toys, and higher insurance expense.

We anticipate selling, general and administrative expenses to be higher in dollars and as a percentage of net sales for the full year of 2004 compared to 2003, primarily due to anticipated higher litigation expenses, and to support our continued expansion and growth in sales.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses decreased by $0.5 million, or 3%, from $14.4 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $13.9 million in the first quarter of 2004. As a percentage of net sales, research and development expenses increased from 18.8% in the first quarter of 2003 to 19.5% in the first quarter of 2004. The decrease in dollars was primarily due to the timing of spending as some development has been shifted to the second and third quarters of 2004.

Research and development expenses, which we classify into two categories, product development and content development, were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2004				2003				Change
	$⁽¹⁾		% of Net sales		$⁽¹⁾		% of Net sales		$⁽¹⁾			%
Product development	$	6.7	9.4	%	$	6.1	8.0	%	$	0.6		10	%
Content development		7.2	10.1	%		8.3	10.8	%		(1.1	)	(13	)%

Research & Development	$	13.9	19.5	%	$	14.4	18.8	%	$	(0.5	)	(3	)%

⁽¹⁾	In millions.

We anticipate research and development expenses to be higher in dollars for the full year of 2004 compared to 2003 primarily due to increased content offerings and development of new platforms and stand-alone products, but to remain relatively flat as a percentage of net sales.

Advertising Expense

Advertising expense increased by $2.3 million, or 37%, from $6.4 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $8.7 million in the first quarter of 2004. As a percentage of net sales, advertising expense increased from 8.3% in 2003 to 12.1% in 2004.

The dollar increase in advertising expense for the first quarter of 2004 as compared to the corresponding period of the prior year was primarily due to:

•

Higher expenses related to in-store Leapster platform merchandising displays and related servicing fees.

•

Higher television advertising to promote our new platforms.

•

Shift in the timing of our advertising for the earlier Easter season.

Historically, our advertising expense has increased significantly in dollars and as a percentage of net sales in the third and fourth quarters due to the concentration of our television advertising in the pre-holiday selling period. We anticipate that this seasonal trend will continue in 2004.

Depreciation and Amortization Expenses (excluding depreciation of tooling and amortization of content development expenses, which are included in cost of sales)

Depreciation and amortization expenses decreased by $0.1 million, or 6%, from $1.9 million in the first quarter of 2003, to $1.8 million in the first quarter of 2004. As a percentage of net sales, depreciation and amortization expenses were flat at 2.5% in the first quarter of 2004 and 2003.

Loss From Operations

Our loss from operations increased by $15.7 million, or 443%, from $3.5 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $19.2 million in the first quarter of 2004.

Income or loss from operations for each segment and the related percentage of segment net sales were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2004					2003					Change
Segment	$⁽¹⁾			% of Segment Net Sales		$⁽¹⁾			% of Segment Net Sales		$⁽¹⁾			%
U.S. Consumer	$	(19.8	)	(42.6	)%	$	(2.7	)	(4.5	)%	$	(17.1	)	(642	)%
International		0.7		4.4	%		1.1		10.2	%		(0.4	)	(38	)%
Education and Training		(0.1	)	(1.4	)%		(2.0	)	(33.8	)%		1.9		94	%

Total Company	$	(19.2	)	(26.9	)%	$	(3.5	)	(4.6	)%	$	(15.7	)	(443	)%

⁽¹⁾	In millions.

U.S. Consumer. Our U.S. Consumer segment’s loss from operations increased by $17.1 million from $2.7 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $19.8 million in the first quarter of 2004. As a percentage of net sales, loss from operations

increased from (4.5)% in the first quarter of 2003 to (42.6)% in the first quarter of 2004. The larger net loss from operations in our U.S. Consumer segment is due to lower net sales and higher operating expenses due to the factors discussed above.

International. Our International segment’s income from operations decreased by $0.4 million, or 38%, from $1.1 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $0.7 million in the first quarter of 2004. As a percentage of net sales, income from operations decreased from 10.2% in the first quarter of 2003 to 4.4% in the first quarter of 2004. The lower operating income in this segment was primarily due to higher operating expenses fueling our worldwide expansion, partially offset by net sales increases that were a result of that expansion.

Education and Training. Our Education and Training segment’s loss from operations improved by $1.9 million, or 94%, from $2.0 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $0.1 million in the first quarter of 2004. As a percentage of net sales, loss from operations decreased from (33.8)% in the first quarter of 2003 to (1.4)% in the first quarter of 2004. The segment’s lower operating loss resulted from higher net sales leveraged by lower operating expenses. We anticipate this improvement to continue and anticipate the segment to be profitable in 2004.

Other

Net interest income increased by $0.1 million from $0.3 million in the first quarter of 2003 to $0.4 million in the first quarter of 2003. This increase was due to higher interest income resulting from our larger average cash balances, offset by lower interest rates on invested balances.

Other income decreased by $0.7 million primarily due to a one-time benefit we realized in the first quarter of 2003 related to a cash settlement we received from Benesse Corporation, one of our primary distributors in Japan, for the early termination of our two-year sales agreement.

Our effective tax rate was 34.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2004, compared to 40.0% for the same period in 2003. The lower effective tax rate in 2004 was primarily the result of the expansion of our international operations.

Net Loss

In the first quarter of 2004, we realized a net loss of $11.8 million, or (16.5)% of net sales, as a result of the factors described above. In the comparable period in 2003, we realized a net loss of $1.0 million, or (1.3)% of net sales.

SEASONALITY

Our business is subject to significant seasonal fluctuations. The substantial majority of our net sales and all of our net income are realized during the third and fourth calendar quarters. In addition, our quarterly results of operations have fluctuated significantly in the past, and can be expected to continue to fluctuate significantly in the future, as a result of many factors, including:

•

seasonal influences on our sales, such as the holiday shopping season and back-to-school purchasing;

•

unpredictable consumer preferences and spending trends;

•

the expansion and contraction of available retail shelf space;

•

the financial condition of our retail customers;

•

the need to increase inventories in advance of our primary selling season; and

•

the timing of orders by our customers and timing of introductions of our new products.

For a discussion of these and other factors affecting seasonality, see “Our business is seasonal, and therefore our annual operating results will depend, in large part, on sales relating to the brief holiday season” and “Our quarterly operating results are susceptible to fluctuations that could cause our stock price to decline” under the heading “Risk Factors That May Affect Our Results and Stock Price.”

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES


	March 31,
	2004⁽¹⁾			2003⁽¹⁾			Change⁽¹⁾
Cash and cash equivalents	$	126.5		$	107.8		$	18.7
Short term investments		74.1			20.2			53.9

	$	200.7		$	128.0		$	72.7

% of total assets		42	%		37	%
Restricted Cash
Short Term	$	8.4		$	—		$	8.4
Long Term		5.0			—			5.0

	$	13.4		$	—		$	13.4

Net cash provided by operating activities	$	108.3		$	50.1		$	58.2
Net cash used in investing activities		(55.0	)		(27.2	)		(27.8	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		3.4			11.7			(8.3	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		(0.0	)		(0.1	)		0.0

Increase in cash and cash equivalents	$	56.7		$	34.5		$	22.2

⁽¹⁾	In millions.

LeapFrog’s sources of liquidity in the first quarter of 2004 consisted primarily of cash flows generated by operating activities, in particular from accounts receivable collections related to sales in the fourth quarter of 2003.

Our cash flow is very seasonal as approximately 80% of our sales typically occur in the last two quarters of the year as retailers expand inventories for the holiday selling season. Our accounts receivable balances are the highest in these last two quarters, and payments are not due until the subsequent quarter. Cash used to build inventory is the highest in the third quarter as we increase inventory to meet the holiday season demand. As a result of this seasonality, cash flow from operating activities is strongest in the first and fourth quarters of the year as illustrated in the table below:


	Cash Flow From Operating Activities
	2004⁽¹⁾		2003⁽¹⁾			2002⁽¹⁾
1st Qtr	$	108.3	$	50.1		$	40.7
2nd Qtr		N/A		(1.4	)		(1.5	)
3rd Qtr		N/A		(34.0	)		(34.0	)
4th Qtr		N/A		12.1			17.3

Total		N/A	$	26.8		$	22.5

⁽¹⁾	In millions.

Operating activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $108.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $50.1 million for the same period in 2003. The $58.2 million increase in net cash provided by operating activities year-over-year was primarily due to the following factors:

•

Higher collections of year-end accounts receivable, which resulted from higher sales in the fourth quarter of 2003 as compared to 2002, and a shift in the timing of those sales. A higher percentage of sales were shipped in the last sixty days of 2003, as compared to the same period in 2002, pushing an increased percentage of collections into the first quarter of 2004.

•

Lower income tax payments resulting from tax benefits related to employee exercise of stock options.

The increase from accounts receivable was partially offset by the increase in our inventory balances, that negatively impacted our net cash provided by operating activities by $24.2 million, and the decrease in accounts payable of $47.6 million.

Working Capital – Major Components

Accounts receivable

Gross accounts receivable was $83.7 million at March 31, 2004, $67.4 million at March 31, 2003 and $308.8 million at December 31, 2003. Allowances for accounts receivable were $14.5 million at March 31, 2004, $9.4 million at March 31, 2003 and $27.0 million at December 31, 2003. Our days-sales-outstanding, or DSO, increased from 68.0 days at

March 31, 2003 to 87.0 days at March 31, 2004 and our DSO at December 31, 2003 was 76.5 days. The increase in our accounts receivable and DSO from March 31, 2003 to March 31, 2004 was due to:

•

Timing of sales in the first quarter of 2004. A higher percentage of sales were shipped in the last sixty days of the first quarter of 2004 compared to the same period in 2003.

•

Slower payments by large customers in our U.S. Consumer segment.

•

Strong school district sales in our Education and Training segment, which generally take longer to collect.

We believe these large customers and school districts are credit worthy, and we do not anticipate that the increase in DSO will lead to future write-offs.

Inventory

Inventory was $115.1 million at March 31, 2004, $81.9 million at March 31, 2003 and $90.9 million at December 31, 2003. The increase in inventory from March 31, 2003 to March 31, 2004 was primarily due to longer lead times in our manufacturing process and lower than expected first quarter sales in 2004.

Accounts payable

Accounts payable was $38.6 million at March 31, 2004, $23.2 million at March 31, 2003 and $86.2 million at December 31, 2003. The increase in accounts payable from March 31, 2003 to March 31, 2004 was primarily due to increased inventory purchases in the first quarter of 2004.

Accrued liabilities

Accrued liabilities was $26.3 million at March 31, 2004, $21.2 million at March 31, 2003 and $44.6 million at December 31, 2003. The increase in accrued liabilities from March 31, 2003 to March 31, 2004 was primarily due to the overall increase in operating and warehousing expenses in the first quarter of 2004.

Income taxes payable

Income taxes payable was $3.1 million at March 31, 2004, $0 at March 31, 2003 and $4.7 million at December 31, 2003. Essentially all of our income tax payments are made in December and March due to the seasonality of our business. In the first quarter of 2004, no income tax payments were made due to the tax deduction received for the exercise of stock options. This resulted in a reduction of income taxes payments of approximately $16.0 million. We expect this benefit to be lower in the future.

Investing activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $55.0 million in the three months ended March 31, 2004, compared to $27.2 million for the same period in 2003. The primary component of net cash used in investing activities for the first quarter of 2004 was net purchases of short-term investments of $44.8 million, and $10.1 million used in the purchase of intangible assets pursuant to a technology license agreement we entered into in the first quarter of 2004, and the purchase of property and equipment in the form of manufacturing tools.

Financing activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $3.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $11.7 million for the same period in 2003. The primary component of cash from financing activities was proceeds received from the exercise of stock options and purchases of our common stock pursuant to our employee stock purchase plan. In 2003, we also received $2.6 million from the payment of notes receivables from stockholders.

Financial Condition

We believe our current cash and short-term investments and anticipated cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital requirements through 2005.

We estimate that our capital expenditures for 2004 will be between $19.0 million and $24.0 million, as compared to $15.8 million in 2003. The increase in our 2004 estimate over 2003 is primarily related to additional purchased computers and software related to personnel additions made to support continued growth, and additional manufacturing tool purchases for use in the production of both existing and new products.

We have access to an unsecured credit line to fund our operations if needed. This unsecured credit facility of $30 million was entered into on December 31, 2002, with an option to increase the facility to $50 million, for working capital purposes. This agreement was amended in February 2004 to raise the allowable limit of investment in our foreign subsidiaries. The agreement requires that we comply with certain financial covenants, including the maintenance of a minimum quick ratio on a quarterly basis and a minimum level of EBITDA on a rolling quarterly basis. We were in compliance with these covenants at March 31, 2004. The level of a certain financial ratio maintained by us determines interest rates on borrowings. The interest rate will be between prime and prime plus 0.25% or LIBOR plus 1.25% and LIBOR plus 2.00%. We had outstanding letters of credit of $13.6 million as of March 31, 2004, of which $13.4 million was cash collateralized and $0.2 million was secured by our credit line. Our outstanding letters of credit at March 31, 2003 were $0.4 million. At March 31, 2004, $29.8 million of unused borrowings were available to us.

Commitments

We have provided irrevocable standby letters of credit to several of our inventory manufacturers and one technology partner. The standby letters of credit guarantee performance of the obligations of certain of our foreign subsidiaries to pay for trade payables and contractual obligations of up to $13.4 million and are fully secured by cash deposits with the issuer. Of the $13.4 million in outstanding letters of credit, $8.4 million expires in December 2004 and $5.0 million expires in December 2005. The cash collateral related to the $8.4 million is classified in “restricted cash” and the $5.0 million is included in “other assets (long term)” on our balance sheet.

In April 2004, we entered into a lease for a distribution center located in the Fontana area of unincorporated San Bernardino County, California. The lease is for a building with approximately 600,000 square feet and has a term of 77 months. Our minimum lease obligations over the term of the lease are $13.9 million.

Risk Factors That May Affect Our Results and Stock Price

Our business and our stock price are subject to many risks and uncertainties that may affect our future financial performance. Some of the risks and uncertainties that may cause our operating results to vary or that may materially and adversely affect our operating results are as follows:

If we fail to predict consumer preferences and trends accurately, develop and introduce new products rapidly or enhance and extend our existing core products, our sales will suffer.

Sales of our platforms, related software and stand-alone products typically have grown in the periods following initial introduction, but we expect sales of specific products to decrease as they mature. The introduction of new products and the enhancement and extension of existing products, through the introduction of additional software or by other means, are critical to our future sales growth. For example, in December 2003, we introduced a line of educational videos, and in 2004, we plan to enter the juvenile products category. The successful development of new products and the enhancement and extension of our current products will require us to anticipate the needs and preferences of consumers and educators and to forecast market and technological trends accurately. Consumer preferences, and particularly children’s preferences, are continuously changing and are difficult to predict. In addition, educational curricula change as states adopt new standards. The development of new interactive learning products requires high levels of innovation and this process can be lengthy and costly. To remain competitive, we must continue to develop enhancements of our NearTouch and other technologies successfully, as well as successfully integrate third party technology with our own. In 2004, we intend to introduce a number of new platforms, stand-alone products and interactive books and other software for each of our three business segments. We cannot assure you that these or other future products will be introduced or, if introduced, will be successful. The failure to enhance and extend our existing products or to develop and introduce new products that achieve and sustain market acceptance and produce acceptable margins would harm our business and operating results.

Our business is seasonal, and therefore our annual operating results depend, in large part, on sales relating to the brief holiday season.

Sales of consumer electronics and toy products in the retail channel are highly seasonal, causing the substantial majority of our sales to U.S. retailers to occur during the third and fourth quarters. In 2003, approximately 79% of our total net sales occurred during this period. This percentage of total sales may increase as retailers become more efficient in their control of inventory levels through just-in-time inventory management systems. Generally, retailers time their orders so that suppliers like us will fill the orders closer to the time of purchase by consumers, thereby reducing their need to maintain larger on-hand inventories throughout the year to meet demand. While these techniques reduce retailers’ investments in their inventory, they increase pressure on suppliers to fill orders promptly and shift a significant portion of inventory risk and carrying costs to suppliers like us. The logistics of supplying more product within shorter time periods will increase the risk that we fail to meet tight shipping schedules, which could damage our relationships with retailers, increase our shipping costs or cause sales opportunities to be delayed or lost. For example, in the second half of 2003, one of our largest retail

customers changed its order pattern to occur later in the holiday season, which we believe delayed a significant portion of our net sales to this customer from the third quarter of 2003 to the fourth quarter of 2003. The seasonal pattern of sales in the retail channel requires significant use of our working capital to manufacture and carry inventory in anticipation of the holiday season, as well as early and accurate forecasting of holiday sales. Failure to predict accurately and respond appropriately to consumer demand on a timely basis to meet seasonal fluctuations, or any disruption of consumer buying habits during this key period, would harm our business and operating results.

We rely on a limited number of manufacturers, virtually all of which are located in China, to produce our finished products, and our reputation and operating results could be harmed if they fail to produce quality products in a timely and cost-effective manner and in sufficient quantities.

We outsource substantially all of our finished goods manufacturing to nine manufacturers, all of whom manufacture our products at facilities in the Guangdong province in the southeastern region of China. In 2003, our LeapPad and Leapster platforms were manufactured by two manufacturers, while our remaining products were sole-sourced. We depend on these manufacturers to produce sufficient volumes of our products in a timely fashion and at satisfactory quality and cost levels. As part of our global sourcing initiative, we have added more resources in Asia to improve operating efficiencies and to work more closely with our suppliers. We generally allow retailers and distributors to return or receive credit for defective or damaged products. If our manufacturers fail to produce quality products on time, at expected cost targets and in sufficient quantities due to capital shortages, late payments from us, political instability, labor shortages, health epidemics, intellectual property disputes, changes in international economic policies, natural disasters, energy shortages, terrorism or other disruptions to their businesses, our reputation and operating results would suffer. In addition, if our manufacturers decide to increase production for their other customers, they may be unable to manufacture sufficient quantities of our products and our business could be harmed.

If we are unable to compete effectively with existing or new competitors, our sales and market share could decline.

We currently compete primarily in the infant and toddler and preschool categories and electronic learning aids category of the U.S. toy industry and, to some degree, in the overall U.S. and international toy industry. Our SchoolHouse division competes in the supplemental educational materials market. Each of these markets is very competitive and we expect competition to increase in the future. For example, in July 2003, Mattel, Inc. introduced under its Fisher-Price brand a product called “PowerTouch” having functionality similar to that of our LeapPad platform. We believe that we are beginning to compete, and will increasingly compete in the future, with makers of popular game platforms and smart mobile devices such as personal digital assistants. These companies are well situated to compete effectively in our primary markets. Additionally, we are beginning to cross over into their markets with products such as our Leapster platform and iQuest handheld device. Many of our direct, indirect and potential competitors have significantly longer operating histories, greater brand recognition and substantially greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we do. These competitors may be able to respond more rapidly than we can to changes in consumer requirements or preferences or to new or emerging technologies. They may also devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we do. We cannot assure you that we will be able to compete effectively in our markets.

Our quarterly operating results are susceptible to fluctuations that could cause our stock price to decline.

Historically, our quarterly operating results have fluctuated significantly. For example, our net loss for the first quarter of 2004 was $(11.8) million. Our net income (loss) for the first through fourth quarters of 2003 was $(1.0) million, $(3.9) million, $33.4 million and $44.2 million, respectively. We expect these fluctuations to continue for a number of reasons, including:

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seasonal influences on our sales, such as the holiday shopping season and back-to-school purchasing;

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unpredictable consumer preferences and spending trends;

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the need to increase inventories in advance of our primary selling season;

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timing of new product introductions;

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general economic conditions;

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the financial condition of our retail customers;

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the results of legal proceedings;

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changes in our pricing policies, the pricing policies of our competitors and general pricing trends in consumer electronics and toy markets;

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international sales volume and the mix of such sales among countries with similar or different holidays and school years than the United States;

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the impact of strategic relationships;

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the sales cycle to schools, which may be uneven, depending on budget constraints, the timing of purchases and other seasonal influences; and

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the timing of orders by our customers and our ability to fulfill those orders in a timely manner, or at all.

For example, FAO, Inc. filed for bankruptcy protection in December 2003 and KB Toys, Inc. filed for bankruptcy in January 2004. These and other retailers may elect to close a significant number of stores in 2004, and such actions would affect the timing and amounts of orders of our products from these retailers. In turn, the effects of any changes in orders from these retailers could have a material effect on our quarterly operating results, particularly in the first two quarters of the year, when our sales are generally much lower than in the second half of the year.

We expect that we will continue to incur losses during the first and second quarters of each year for the foreseeable future. We do not have sufficient operating experience to predict the overall effect of various seasonal factors and their effect on our future quarterly operating results. If we fail to meet our projected net sales or other projected operating results, or if we fail to meet analysts’ or investors’ expectations, the market price of our Class A common stock could decrease.

We currently rely, and expect to continue to rely, on our LeapPad family of platforms and related interactive books for a significant portion of our sales.

Our LeapPad, LeapPad Plus Writing and Quantum Pad platforms, each of which is based on our NearTouch technology, together with interactive books related to those platforms that are generally compatible with any of those platforms, accounted for an aggregate of approximately 47% of our net sales in 2003. Our My First LeapPad platform and My First LeapPad interactive books accounted for an aggregate of approximately 12% of our net sales in 2003. No other product line, together with any related software, accounted for more than approximately 10% of our net sales in 2003. A significant portion of our future sales will depend on the continued commercial success of our LeapPad, LeapPad Plus Writing, Quantum Pad platforms and compatible interactive books, and our My First LeapPad platforms and related interactive books. If the sales for our LeapPad, LeapPad Plus Writing, Quantum Pad and My First LeapPad platforms are below expected sales or if sales of their related interactive books do not grow as we anticipate, sales of our other products may not be able to compensate for these shortfalls and our overall sales would suffer.

Our business depends on three retailers that together accounted for approximately 68% of our net sales in 2003, and our dependence upon a small group of retailers may increase.

Wal-Mart (including Sam’s Club), Toys “R” Us and Target accounted in the aggregate for approximately 68% of our net sales in 2003. We expect that a small number of large retailers will continue to account for a significant majority of our sales and that our sales to these retailers may increase as a percentage of our total sales. At December 31, 2002, Wal-Mart (including Sam’s Club) accounted for approximately 33% of our accounts receivable and Toys “R” Us accounted for approximately 30% of our accounts receivable. If any of these retailers experience significant financial difficulty in the future or otherwise fail to satisfy their accounts payable, our allowance for doubtful accounts receivable could be insufficient. If any of these retailers reduce their purchases from us, change the terms on which we conduct business with them or experience a future downturn in their business, our business and operating results could be harmed.

We do not have long-term agreements with our retailers and changes in our relationships with retailers could significantly harm our business and operating results.

We do not have long-term agreements with any of our retailers. As a result, agreements with respect to pricing, shelf space, cooperative advertising or special promotions, among other things, are subject to periodic negotiation with each retailer. Retailers make no binding long-term commitments to us regarding purchase volumes and make all purchases by delivering one-time purchase orders. If the number of our products increases as we have planned or the roll out of versions of our Learning Center shelf displays in selected retail stores proceeds as we anticipate, we will require more retail shelf space to display our various products. Any retailer could reduce its overall purchases of our products, reduce the number and variety of our products that it carries and the shelf space allotted for our products, decide not to incorporate versions of our Learning Center shelf displays in its stores or otherwise materially change the terms of our current relationship at any time. Any such change could significantly harm our business and operating results.

Our future growth will depend in part on our SchoolHouse division, which may not be successful.

We launched our SchoolHouse division in June 1999, and to date the division, which accounts for substantially all of the results of our Education and Training segment, has incurred cumulative losses. Although the division reported an operating profit for the second quarter of 2003, it incurred operating losses in the third and fourth quarters of 2003 and the first quarter of 2004, and we anticipate that it may incur additional operating losses in the near term. Sales from our SchoolHouse division’s curriculum-based products will depend principally on broadening market acceptance of those products, which in turn depends on a number of factors, including:

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our ability to demonstrate to teachers and other key educational institution decision-makers the usefulness of our products to supplement traditional teaching practices;

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the willingness of teachers, administrators, parents and students to use products in a classroom setting from a company that may be perceived as a toy manufacturer;

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the effectiveness of our sales force;

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the availability of state and federal government funding, which may be severely limited due to budget shortfalls currently faced by many states and the federal government, to defray, subsidize or pay for the costs of our products; and

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our ability to demonstrate that our products improve academic performance.

If we cannot increase market acceptance of our SchoolHouse division’s supplemental educational products, including our LeapTrack assessment system introduced in Fall 2002, the division may not be able to achieve operating profits on a full-year basis and our future sales could suffer. As of December 31, 2003, the net unamortized balance of our capitalized content development costs relating to our SchoolHouse division was $3.5 million. If the SchoolHouse division does not achieve operating profits, we may have to write off some or all of the balance of these costs, which could significantly harm our operating results.

Our planned expansion into additional international markets may not succeed and our future operating results could be harmed by economic, political, regulatory and other risks associated with international sales and operations.

We have limited experience with sales operations outside the United States. In 2000, we expanded beyond the use of international distributors to sell our products and started selling our products directly to retailers in the United Kingdom. We began selling directly to retailers in Canada in June 2002, to retailers in France in July 2002, and to retailers in Mexico in September 2003, and we plan to enter the German-speaking markets in Europe through our distributor, Stadlbauer Marketing + Vertrieb G.m.b.H., in the second half of 2004. We derived approximately 14% of our net sales from outside the United States in 2003 and 10% in 2002. We intend to increase our international sales through additional overseas offices to develop further our direct sales efforts, distributor relationships and strategic relationships with companies with operations outside of the United States, such as Benesse Corporation and Sega Toys in Japan. However, these and other efforts may not help increase sales of our products outside the United States. Our business is, and will increasingly be, subject to risks associated with conducting business internationally, including:

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political and economic instability, military conflicts and civil unrest;

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existing and future governmental policies;

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greater difficulty in staffing and managing foreign operations;

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complications in modifying our products for local markets or in complying with foreign laws, including consumer protection laws, competition laws and local language laws;

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transportation delays and interruptions;

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greater difficulty enforcing intellectual property rights and weaker laws protecting such rights;

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trade protection measures and import or export licensing requirements;

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currency conversion risks and currency fluctuations;

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longer payment cycles, different accounting practices and problems in collecting accounts receivable; and

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limitations, including taxes, on the repatriation of earnings.

Any difficulty with our international operations could harm our future sales and operating results.

Third parties have claimed, and may claim in the future, that we are infringing their intellectual property rights, which may cause us to incur significant litigation or licensing expenses or to stop selling some or all of our products or using some of our trademarks.

In the course of our business, we periodically receive claims of infringement or otherwise become aware of potentially relevant patents, copyrights, trademarks or other intellectual property rights held by other parties. Upon receipt of this type of communication, we evaluate the validity and applicability of allegations of infringement of intellectual property rights to determine whether we must negotiate licenses or cross-licenses to incorporate or use the proprietary technologies or trademarks or other proprietary matters in or on our products. Any dispute or litigation regarding patents, copyrights, trademarks or other intellectual property rights, regardless of its outcome, may be costly and time-consuming, and may divert our management and key personnel from our business operations. If we, our distributors or our manufacturers are adjudged to be infringing the intellectual property rights of any third party, we or they may be required to obtain a license to use those rights, which may not be obtainable on reasonable terms, if at all. We also may be subject to significant damages or injunctions against the development and sale of some or all of our products or against the use of a trademark in the sale of some or all of our products. Our insurance may not cover potential claims of this type or may not

be adequate to indemnify us for all the liability that could be imposed. We may presently be unaware of intellectual property rights of others that may cover some or all of our technology or products. We will continue to be subject to infringement claims as we increase the number and type of products we offer, as the number of products, services and competitors in our markets grow, as we enter new markets and as our products receive more attention and publicity. If we are not successful in defending these kinds of claims, it could require us to stop selling certain products and to pay damages. For additional discussion of litigation related to the protection of our intellectual property, see “Item 3. Legal Proceedings. — Learning Resources, Inc. v. LeapFrog Enterprises, Inc.” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, filed with the SEC on March 12, 2004.

Our intellectual property rights may not prevent our competitors from using our technologies or similar technologies to develop competing products, which could weaken our competitive position and harm our operating results.

Our success depends in large part on our proprietary technologies that are used in our learning platforms and related software, such as My First LeapPad, LeapPad, LeapPad Plus Writing, Quantum Pad and Leapster platforms, as well as our Explorer and Odyssey interactive globe series. We rely, and plan to continue to rely, on a combination of patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets, confidentiality provisions and licensing arrangements to establish and protect our proprietary rights. The contractual arrangements and the other steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property may not prevent misappropriation of our intellectual property or deter independent third-party development of similar technologies. For example, we are aware that products very similar to some of ours have been produced by others in China, and we are vigorously seeking to enforce our rights. However, we may not be able to enforce our intellectual property rights, if any, in China or other countries where such product may be manufactured or sold. Monitoring the unauthorized use of our intellectual property is costly, and any dispute or other litigation, regardless of outcome, may be costly and time-consuming and may divert our management and key personnel from our business operations. The steps we have taken may not prevent unauthorized use of our intellectual property, particularly in foreign countries where we do not hold patents or trademarks or where the laws may not protect our intellectual property as fully as in the United States. Some of our products and product features have limited intellectual property protection, and, as a consequence, we may not have the legal right to prevent others from reverse engineering or otherwise copying and using these features in competitive products. For additional discussion of litigation related to the protection of our intellectual property, see “Part II — Item 1. Legal Proceedings. — LeapFrog Enterprises, Inc. v. Fisher-Price, Inc.” If we fail to protect or to enforce our intellectual property rights successfully, our rights could be diminished and our competitive position could suffer, which could harm our operating results.

Outbreaks of health epidemics, such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, or SARS, and the so-called “Asian bird flu” may adversely impact our business or the operations of our contract manufacturers or our suppliers.

In the past, outbreaks of SARS have been significantly focused on Asia, particularly in Hong Kong, where we have an office, and in the Guangdong province of China, where almost all of our finished goods manufacturers are located. In addition, recent outbreaks of avian influenza, or “Asian bird flu” have occurred throughout Asia, including cases in Guangdong province.

The design, development and manufacture of our products could suffer if a significant number of our employees or the employees of our manufacturers or their suppliers contract SARS or Asian bird flu or otherwise are unable to fulfill their responsibilities or quarantine or other disease-mitigation measures disrupt operations. In the event of any significant outbreak, quarantine or other disruption, we may be unable to quickly identify or secure alternate suppliers or manufacturing facilities and our results of operations would be adversely affected.

Our products are shipped from China and any disruption of shipping could harm our business.

We rely on four contract ocean carriers to ship virtually all of the products that we import to our primary distribution centers in California through the Long Beach, California port. Retailers that take delivery of our products in China rely on a variety of carriers to import those products. Any disruption or slowdown of service on importation of products caused by SARS-related issues, labor disputes, terrorism, international incidents, quarantines, lack of available shipping containers or otherwise could significantly harm our business and reputation. For example, in 2002, a key collective bargaining agreement between the Pacific Maritime Association and the International Longshore and Warehouse Union affecting shipping of products to the Western United States, including our products, expired and, after a temporary extension, resulted in an eleven-day cessation of work at West Coast docks. This cessation of work cost us approximately $3.0 million in additional freight expenses. Although the Pacific Maritime Association and International Longshore and Warehouse Union have entered into a new collective bargaining agreement, any further disruption or slowdown of service on importation of products caused by labor disputes, terrorism, international incidents, lack of available shipping containers or otherwise could significantly harm our business and reputation.

We do not have long-term agreements with our major suppliers, and they may stop manufacturing our components at any time.

We presently order our products on a purchase order basis from our component suppliers, and we do not have long-term manufacturing agreements with any of them. The absence of long-term agreements means that, with little or no notice, our suppliers could refuse to manufacture some or all of our components, reduce the number of units of a component that they will manufacture or change the terms under which they manufacture our components. If our suppliers stop manufacturing our components, we may be unable to find alternative suppliers on a timely or cost-effective basis, if at all, which would harm our operating results. In addition, if any of our suppliers changes the terms under which they manufacture for us, our costs could increase and our profitability would suffer.

We depend on our suppliers for our components, and our production would be seriously harmed if these suppliers are not able to meet our demand and alternative sources are not available.

Some of the components used to make our products, including our ASICs, currently come from a single supplier. Additionally, the demand for some components such as liquid crystal displays, integrated circuits or other electronic components is volatile, which may lead to shortages. If our suppliers are unable to meet our demand for our components and if we are unable to obtain an alternative source or if the price available from our current suppliers or an alternative source is prohibitive, our ability to maintain timely and cost-effective production of our products would be seriously harmed and our operating results would suffer.

If we do not correctly anticipate demand for particular products, we could incur additional costs or experience manufacturing delays, which would reduce our gross margins or cause us to lose sales.

Historically, we have seen steady increases in demand for our products and have generally been able to increase production to meet that demand. However, the demand for our products depends on many factors such as consumer preferences, including children’s preferences, and the introduction or adoption of new hardware platforms for interactive educational products, and can be difficult to forecast. We expect that it will become more difficult to forecast demand for specific products as we introduce and support additional products, enter additional markets and as competition in our markets intensifies. If we misjudge the demand for our products, we could face the following problems in our operations, each of which could harm our operating results:

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If our forecasts of demand are too high, we may accumulate excess inventories of components and finished products, which could lead to markdown allowances or write-offs affecting some or all of such excess inventories. We may also have to adjust the prices of our existing products to reduce such excess inventories.

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If demand for specific products increases beyond what we forecast, our suppliers and third-party manufacturers may not be able to increase production rapidly enough to meet the demand. Our failure to meet market demand would lead to missed opportunities to increase our base of users, damage our relationships with retailers and harm our business.

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Rapid increases in production levels to meet unanticipated demand could result in increased manufacturing errors, as well as higher component, manufacturing and shipping costs, including increased air-freight, all of which could reduce our profit margins and harm our relationships with retailers and consumers.

Any errors or defects contained in our products, or our failure to comply with applicable safety standards, could result in delayed shipments or rejection of our products, damage to our reputation and expose us to regulatory or other legal action.

We have experienced, and in the future may experience, delays in releasing some models and versions of our products due to defects or errors in our products. Our products may contain errors or defects after commercial shipments have begun, which could result in the rejection of our products by our retailers, damage to our reputation, lost sales, diverted development resources and increased customer service and support costs and warranty claims, any of which could harm our business. Children could sustain injuries from our products, and we may be subject to claims or lawsuits resulting from such injuries. There is a risk that these claims or liabilities may exceed, or fall outside the scope of, our insurance coverage. Moreover, we may be unable to retain adequate liability insurance in the future. We are subject to the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, the Flammable Fabrics Act, regulation by the Consumer Product Safety Commission, or CPSC, and other similar federal and state rules and regulatory authorities. Our products could be subject to involuntary recalls and other actions by such authorities. Concerns about potential liability may lead us to recall voluntarily selected products. For example, in December 2000, the CPSC announced our voluntary repair program for the approximately 900,000 units of our Alphabet Pal product sold prior to that date. We had instituted the repair proceedings with the CPSC because we were concerned that the product could cause injury. Our costs in connection with the repair were approximately $1.1 million. Any recalls or post-manufacture repairs of our products could harm our reputation, increase our costs or reduce our net sales.

Our rapid growth has presented significant challenges to our management systems and resources, and we may experience difficulties managing our growth.

Since 2001, we have grown rapidly, both domestically and internationally. Our net sales have grown from $314.2 million in 2001 to $680.0 million in 2003. During this period, the number of different products we offered at retail also increased significantly, and we have opened offices in Canada, France, Macau and Mexico. At December 31, 2001, we had 438 full-time employees and at December 31, 2003, we had 869 full-time employees. In addition, we plan to hire a significant number of new employees in our Asia-based offices in 2004. We are upgrading existing and implementing new operational software systems, including supply chain management systems. Further, in mid-2004, we are planning on consolidating multiple third party distribution warehouses into a single distribution warehouse to handle our needs. This warehouse will be operated by a new third party logistics service provider. This expansion has presented, and continues to present, significant challenges for our management systems and resources. If we fail to develop and maintain management systems and resources sufficient to keep pace with our planned growth, our operating results could suffer.

Changes in economic conditions, which can result in reduced demand for our products or higher prices for necessary commodities, could harm our business and operating results.

Recent weak economic conditions in the United States and elsewhere have adversely affected consumer confidence and consumer sales generally. In addition, the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks significantly and negatively affected general economic conditions. Any future attacks and the responses to such attacks, including military action in the Middle East, or other significant global events could further impact the economy. Further weakening of the economy could damage our sales in our U.S. Consumer and other segments. Other changes in general economic conditions, such as greater demand or higher prices for plastic, electronic components, liquid crystal displays and fuel, may delay manufacture of our products, increase our costs or otherwise harm our margins and operating results.

Earthquakes or other events outside of our control may damage our facilities or the facilities of third parties on which we depend.

Our two current primary U.S. distribution centers, our planned distribution center in Fontana, California, our Silicon Valley engineering office and our corporate headquarters are located in California near major earthquake faults that have experienced earthquakes in the past. An earthquake or other natural disasters could disrupt our operations. Additionally, the loss of electric power, such as the temporary loss of power caused by power shortages in the grid servicing our facilities in California, could disrupt operations or impair critical systems. Any of these disruptions or other events outside of our control could impair our distribution of products, damage inventory, interrupt critical functions or otherwise affect our business negatively, harming our operating results. Our existing earthquake insurance relating to our distribution center may be insufficient and does not cover any of our other operations. If the facilities of our third party finished goods or component manufacturers are affected by earthquakes, power shortages, floods, monsoons, terrorism or other events outside of our control, our business could suffer.

We are subject to international, federal, state and local laws and regulations that could impose additional costs on the conduct of our business.

In addition to being subject to regulation by the CPSC and similar state regulatory authorities, we must also comply with other laws and regulations. The Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act, as implemented, requires us to obtain verifiable, informed parental consent before we collect, use or disclose personal information from children under the age of 13. Additionally, the Robinson-Patman Act requires us to offer non-discriminatory pricing to similarly situated customers and to offer any promotional allowances and services to competing retailers and distributors within their respective classes of trade on proportionally equal terms. Our SchoolHouse division is affected by a number of laws and regulations regarding education and government funding. We are subject to other various laws, including international and U.S. immigration laws, wage and hour laws and laws regarding the classification of workers. Compliance with these and other laws and regulations impose additional costs on the conduct of our business, and failure to comply with these and other laws and regulations or changes in these and other laws and regulations may impose additional costs on the conduct of our business.

One stockholder controls a majority of our voting power as well as the composition of our board of directors.

Holders of our Class A common stock will not be able to affect the outcome of any stockholder vote. Our Class A common stock entitles its holders to one vote per share, and our Class B common stock entitles its holders to ten votes per share on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders. As of April 30, 2004, Lawrence J. Ellison and entities controlled by him beneficially owned approximately 17.0 million shares of our Class B common stock, which represents approximately 55% of the combined voting power of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock. As a result, Mr. Ellison controls all stockholder voting power, including with respect to:

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the composition of our board of directors and, through it, any determination with respect to our business direction and policies, including the appointment and removal of officers;

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any determinations with respect to mergers, other business combinations, or changes in control;

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our acquisition or disposition of assets;

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our financing activities; and

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the payment of dividends on our capital stock, subject to the limitations imposed by our credit facility.

This control by Mr. Ellison could depress the market price of our Class A common stock or delay or prevent a change in control of LeapFrog.

The limited voting rights of our Class A common stock could negatively affect its attractiveness to investors and its liquidity and, as a result, its market value.

The holders of our Class A and Class B common stock generally have identical rights, except that holders of our Class A common stock are entitled to one vote per share and holders of our Class B common stock are entitled to ten votes per share on all matters to be voted on by stockholders. The holders of our Class B common stock have various additional voting rights, including the right to approve the issuance of any additional shares of Class B common stock and any amendment of our certificate of incorporation that adversely affects the rights of our Class B common stock. The difference in the voting rights of our Class A common stock and Class B common stock could diminish the value of our Class A common stock to the extent that investors or any potential future purchasers of our Class A common stock attribute value to the superior voting or other rights of our Class B common stock.

Provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law may delay or prevent an acquisition of our company, which could decrease the value of our Class A common stock.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law contain provisions that could make it harder for a third party to acquire us without the consent of our board of directors. These provisions include limitations on actions by our stockholders by written consent and the voting power associated with our Class B common stock. In addition, our board of directors has the right to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval, which could be used by our board of directors to effect a rights plan or “poison pill” that could dilute the stock ownership of a potential hostile acquirer and may have the effect of delaying, discouraging or preventing an acquisition of our company. Delaware law also imposes some restrictions on mergers and other business combinations between us and any holder of 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock. Although we believe these provisions provide for an opportunity to receive a higher bid by requiring potential acquirers to negotiate with our board of directors, these provisions apply even if the offer may be considered beneficial by some stockholders.

Our stockholders may experience significant additional dilution upon the exercise of options.

As of April 30, 2004 there were outstanding under our equity incentive plans options to purchase a total of approximately 7.5 million shares of Class A common stock. Contemporaneous with our July 2002 initial public offering, we registered approximately 17.4 million shares of Class A common stock issuable under our equity incentive plans, which includes the shares issuable upon exercise of all of our options outstanding as of the date of our initial public offering as well as options to be granted in the future. To the extent we issue shares upon the exercise of any of these options, investors in our Class A common stock will experience additional dilution.

Sales of our shares could negatively affect the market price of our stock.

Sales of substantial amounts of shares in the public market could harm the market price of our Class A common stock. We had approximately 59.6 million shares of Class A common stock outstanding as of April 30, 2004, assuming the conversion of all outstanding Class B common stock into Class A common stock, and assuming no exercise of our then-outstanding options. A number of these 59.6 million shares are restricted securities as defined by Rule 144 adopted under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. These shares may be sold in the public market only if registered or if they qualify for an exemption from registration under the Securities Act, including exemptions provided by Rules 144 and 701. We cannot predict the effect that future sales made under Rule 144, Rule 701 or otherwise will have on the market price of our Class A common stock. In addition, as approximately 17.0 million shares of our common stock are beneficially owned by Lawrence J. Ellison and entities controlled by him, sales by Mr. Ellison may negatively affect the market price of our stock depending on the size and timing of the sales of his shares.

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

We develop products in the United States and market our products primarily in North America and, to a lesser extent, in Europe and the rest of the world. We are billed by and pay our third-party manufacturers in U.S. dollars. Sales to our international customers are transacted primarily in the country’s local currency. As a result, our financial results could be affected by factors such as changes in foreign currency rates or weak economic conditions in foreign markets. In 2003, we experienced a foreign currency exchange gain of approximately $2.0 million, as compared to a foreign currency exchange gain of approximately $1.0 million in 2002. Prior to 2002, exchange rate fluctuations had little impact on our operating results.

Beginning in the first quarter of 2004, we began managing our foreign currency transaction exposure by entering into short-term forward contracts. The purpose of this hedging program is to minimize the foreign currency exchange gain or loss reported in our financial statements.

Cash equivalents and short term investments are presented at fair value on our balance sheets. We invest our excess cash in accordance with our investment policy. Any adverse changes in interest rates or securities prices may harm the valuation of our short term investments and operating results. At March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, our cash was invested primarily in municipal money market funds, short term fixed income municipal securities and auction preferred securities. Due to the short-term nature of these investments, a 50 basis point movement in market interest rates would not have a material impact on the fair value of our portfolio at March 31, 2004.

We are exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates on our outstanding bank debt. The level of a certain financial ratio maintained by us determines interest rates we pay on borrowings. The interest rate will be between prime and prime plus 0.25% or LIBOR plus 1.25% and LIBOR plus 2.00%. Prime rate is the rate publicly announced by Bank of America as its prime rate The interest cost of our bank debt is affected by changes in either prime rates or LIBOR. Any adverse changes could harm our operating results. We had no outstanding debt at March 31, 2004.

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of LeapFrog’s Disclosure Controls and Internal Controls

As of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, LeapFrog evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its “disclosure controls and procedures,” or “Disclosure Controls.” This evaluation, or “Controls Evaluation,” was performed under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.

CEO and CFO Certifications

Attached as exhibits to this quarterly report, there are “Certifications” of the CEO and the CFO required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Rule 13a-14(a) Certifications. This Controls and Procedures section of the quarterly report includes the information concerning the Controls Evaluation referred to in the Rule 13a-14(a) Certifications and it should be read in conjunction with the Rule 13a-14(a) Certifications for a more complete understanding of the topics presented.

Disclosure Controls and Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Disclosure Controls are procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this quarterly report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure Controls are also designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the issuer’s principal executive and principal financial officers, and effected by the issuer’s board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:

•

Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the issuer;

•

Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the issuer are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the issuer; and

•

Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the issuer’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls

Our management, including the CEO and CFO, does not expect that our Disclosure Controls or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within LeapFrog have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with its policies or procedures. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

Conclusions

Based upon the Controls Evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that, subject to the limitations noted above, our Disclosure Controls are effective to ensure that material information relating to LeapFrog is made known to management, including the CEO and CFO, particularly during the period when our periodic reports are being prepared.

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2004 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.

OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

LeapFrog Enterprises, Inc. v. Fisher Price, Inc.

In October 2003, the Company filed a complaint in the federal district court of Delaware against Fisher-Price, Inc. alleging that Fisher Price’s PowerTouch learning system violates United States Patent No. 5,813,861. In January 2004, we served Fisher-Price with the complaint. We are seeking damages and injunctive relief. In April 2004, the federal district court of Delaware set a trial date of May 16, 2005 for this matter.

Item 6.

Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K

(a)	Exhibit Index



3.03*		Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.

3.04*		Amended and Restated Bylaws.

4.01*		Form of Specimen Class A Common Stock Certificate.

4.02**		Fourth Amended and Restated Stockholders Agreement, dated May 30, 2003, among LeapFrog and the investors named therein.

10.29		Industrial Lease by and between SP Kaiser Gateway I, LLC and LeapFrog Enterprises, Inc., entered into as of April 28, 2004.

31.01		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.02		Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.01		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

*		Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit previously filed with the company’s registration statement on Form S-1 (SEC File No. 333-86898).

**		Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit previously filed with the company’s report on Form 10-Q filed on August 12, 2003 (SEC File No. 001-31396).

(b)	Reports on Form 8-K

On February 10, 2004, we furnished a report on Form 8-K relating to a press release issued by LeapFrog to announce our financial results for the fourth quarter and year ended December 31, 2003.

On February 11, 2004, we filed a report on Form 8-K relating to the resignation of Michael C. Wood as our Chief Executive Officer, resignation of Thomas J. Kalinske as the Chairman of our board of directors, appointment of Mr. Kalinske as our Chief Executive Officer, appointment of Steven B. Fink as the Chairman of our board of directors and appointment of Jerome J. Perez as our President and as a director to our board of directors. All such resignations and appointments were effective as of February 9, 2004.

On March 11, 2004, we furnished a report on Form 8-K relating to a press release issued by LeapFrog to announce our guidance for our first quarter of 2004.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

LeapFrog Enterprises, Inc.

(Registrant)

/s/ THOMAS J. KALINSKE

Thomas J. Kalinske

Chief Executive Officer (Authorized Officer)

Dated: May 7, 2004

/s/ JAMES P. CURLEY

James P. Curley

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Dated: May 7, 2004

EXHIBIT INDEX



3.03	*	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.

3.04	*	Amended and Restated Bylaws.

4.01	*	Form of Specimen Class A Common Stock Certificate.

4.02	**	Fourth Amended and Restated Stockholders Agreement, dated May 3, 2003, among LeapFrog and the investors named therein.

10.29		Industrial Lease by and between SP Kaiser Gateway I, LLC and LeapFrog Enterprises, Inc., entered into as of April 28, 2004

31.01		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.02		Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.01		Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

*	Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit previously filed with the company’s registration statement on Form S-1 (SEC File No. 333-86898).

**	Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit previously filed with the company’s report on Form 10-Q filed on August 12, 2003 (SEC File No. 001-31396).

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