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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended: March 31, 2004

OR

For the transition period from                          to                        

Commission File Number: 000-31145

VICURON PHARMACEUTICALS INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

455 South Gulph Road, King of Prussia, PA 19406

(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)

(610) 205-2300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

n/a

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such report(s) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  x    No  ¨.

On April 27, 2004, there were 54,605,192 common shares outstanding of the registrant’s only class of common stock.

The Exhibit Index begins on page 32.

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VICURON PHARMACEUTICALS INC.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2004

INDEX

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

VICURON PHARMACEUTICALS INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(unaudited)

(in thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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VICURON PHARMACEUTICALS INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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VICURON PHARMACEUTICALS INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)

(in thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying interim financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The interim financial statements, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments (including normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods ended March 31, 2004.

The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the fiscal year or any other interim period. These condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2003, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003.

On March 26, 2003, as a result of the merger, the Company changed its name from Versicor Inc. to Vicuron Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Stock Options – Fair Value Disclosures

The Company applies the measurement principles of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock issued to Employees”, in accounting for its employee stock options. Had compensation expense for options granted to employees been determined based on the fair value at the grant date as prescribed by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock Based Information,” the Company’s net loss and net loss per share would have been as follows:

2. Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted net loss per share does not differ from basic net loss per share since potential shares of common stock are anti-dilutive for all periods presented and therefore are excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share. The following potentially dilutive shares of common stock were excluded from the computation of net loss per share because their effect was anti-dilutive (in thousands):

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3. Merger with Biosearch Italia S.p.A.

On February 28, 2003, Vicuron Pharmaceuticals Inc., or the Company, acquired all of the outstanding shares of Biosearch Italia S.p.A., a publicly listed company in Italy. In connection with the merger transaction, the Company issued 1.77 shares of its common stock for each outstanding share of Biosearch stock, or approximately 21.4 million shares. The Company also issued options covering approximately 4.3 million common shares, including options issued to replace options that were held by Biosearch employees and consultants at the date of the transaction.

The following unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information has been prepared as if the merger with Biosearch had occurred as of January 1, 2003 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information are not necessarily indicative of the Company’s future results of operations of the results of operations which might have occurred had the merger actually taken place on January 1, 2003.

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4. Comprehensive Loss

For the three month period ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, the components of total comprehensive loss are as follows:

5. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In January 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No. 51.” FIN 46 was revised by FIN 46 “R” in December 2003. FIN 46 requires certain variable interest entities to be consolidated by the primary beneficiary of the entity if the equity investors in the entity do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. FIN 46 is effective immediately for all new variable interest entities created or acquired after January 31, 2003. For variable interest entities created or acquired prior to February 1, 2003, the provisions of FIN 46 must be applied for the first interim or annual period beginning after June 15, 2003. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes to those statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our audited financial statements for the year-ended December 31, 2003 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K previously filed with the SEC. This discussion may contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. The words “expects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “will” and similar expressions or the negatives of these words or phrases are intended to identify forward-looking statements. As a result of many factors, such as those set forth under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this document and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our actual results may differ significantly from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements.

Overview

We are a transatlantic biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery, development and marketing of pharmaceutical products for the treatment of seriously ill patients. Since our inception on May 2, 1995 as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sepracor Inc., we have devoted substantially all of our efforts to establishing our business and conducting research and development activities related to our proprietary product candidates, including anidulafungin and dalbavancin, as well as collaborative product candidates.

Since 1996, we have been operating as an independent company. In August 2000, we sold 4,600,000 shares of our common stock at $11 per share in an initial public offering, and in September 2000, the underwriters exercised an over-allotment option and purchased an additional 690,000 shares. We received total net proceeds from the initial public offering and the over-allotment of approximately $52.7 million.

On April 9, 2002, we completed a private placement of 2,993,800 shares of our common stock to selected institutional investors at a purchase price of $15 per share. We received net proceeds from the private placement of approximately $41.9 million.

On February 28, 2003, we acquired all of the outstanding shares of Biosearch Italia S.p.A., a publicly listed company in Italy. We have issued 1.77 shares of our common stock for each outstanding share of Biosearch stock, or approximately 21.4 million shares. On June 30, 2003 we contributed the former assets, liabilities and business of Biosearch to our wholly-owned subsidiary in Italy, Vicuron Pharmaceutical Italy S.r.l.

On July 17, 2003, we sold 6,000,000 shares of our common stock at $13.85 per share in a public offering. We received net proceeds of approximately $77.8 million.

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In February 2004, we filed a universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3, which has been declared effective. This shelf registration will allow the company to offer up to $200.0 million of our securities from time to time in one or more public offerings of our common stock, preferred stock, warrants and/or debt securities.

Since we began our operations in 1995, we have not generated any revenues from product sales. In early 2003, we completed a Phase III clinical trial with anidulafungin, our lead antifungal product candidate, for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis. Based in part on the results of that trial, in April 2003 we filed an NDA for anidulafungin for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, which was accepted for review by the FDA in June 2003. In January 2004, we announced that we received notification from the FDA that the agency now anticipates completing its review of our anidulafungin NDA on May 25, 2004, which represents a 90-day extension of the original action date. The extension was triggered by the FDA’s request for additional bioanalytical data. We continue to expect the launch of anidulafungin in the first half of 2004 as planned, although our plans are dependent on receiving FDA approval. In December 2003, we also announced the filing of our marketing authorization application for anidulafungin for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis with the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products, which will be reviewed under the European Community centralized licensing procedure, which is the procedure used to determine the scope of marketing authorization for human therapeutic products in all member states of the European Community. Our lead antibiotic product candidate, dalbavancin entered into Phase III clinical trials in December 2002. We also completed a Phase I clinical trial of VIC-Acne in 2003. We also have several lead compounds in pre-clinical studies.

Our revenues in the near term are expected to consist primarily of collaborative research payments, license fees and milestone payments to be received from our collaborators. Certain of these payments are dependent on the achievement of specified milestones. If the development efforts result in clinical success, regulatory approval and successful commercialization of our products, we will generate revenues from sales of these products and from receipt of royalties on sales of these products.

Our expenses have consisted primarily of costs incurred when in-licensing existing product candidates, research and development of new product candidates and in connection with our collaboration agreements, and from general and administrative costs associated with our operations. We expect licensing costs to increase as development milestones are achieved, and our research and development expenses to increase as we continue to develop our product candidates. We expect to incur sales and marketing expenses in the future as we establish our sales and marketing organization.

Since our inception we have incurred significant losses. As of March 31, 2004, we had an accumulated deficit of $350.2 million. We anticipate incurring additional losses, which may increase for the foreseeable future, including at least through December 31, 2004.

We have a limited history of operations. We anticipate that our quarterly results of operations will fluctuate for the foreseeable future due to several factors, including payments made or received pursuant to licensing or collaboration agreements, progress of our research and development efforts, and the timing and outcome of regulatory approvals. Our limited operating history makes predictions of future operations difficult or impossible to ascertain.

Major Research and Development Projects

Our ongoing clinical trials of anidulafungin and dalbavancin are our two most significant research and development projects, generating 28% and 23%, respectively, of our total research and development expenditure since our inception.

Anidulafungin

We completed a Phase III clinical trial for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis. Anidulafungin is our lead antifungal product candidate. We in-licensed anidulafungin from Eli Lilly pursuant to the May 1999 agreement described below. As of March 31, 2004, the intravenous formulation of anidulafungin is in:

In May 1999, we obtained from Eli Lilly an exclusive worldwide license for the development and commercialization of anidulafungin. If specified milestones are achieved on the intravenous formulation of anidulafungin in the United States and Canada, we will be obligated to make additional payments of up to $8.0 million to Eli Lilly. We are also obligated to make additional payments of up to $8.0 million to Eli Lilly if specified milestones on the intravenous formulation of anidulafungin are achieved in Europe, and additional payments

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of up to $8.0 million if specified milestones on the intravenous formulation of anidulafungin are achieved in Japan. We are obligated to make additional payments to Eli Lilly of up to $21.0 million if sales of an intravenous formulation of anidulafungin exceed specified targets in the United States and Canada, Europe and Japan. In addition, we are obligated to make royalty payments in respect of sales of any product resulting from the compound. We also made a $6.0 million milestone payment to Eli Lilly in 2003, which was triggered by our filing of the NDA with the FDA.

We are not currently developing an oral formulation of anidulafungin and do not presently intend to do so in the future. However, under the license agreement with Eli Lilly, we are obligated to make additional payments to Eli Lilly of up to $25.0 million if, and only if, specified milestones are achieved on an oral formulation of anidulafungin in the United States, additional payments of up to $15.0 million if specified milestones are achieved on an oral formulation of anidulafungin in Europe, and additional payments of up to $15.0 million if specified milestones are achieved on an oral formulation of anidulafungin in Japan. In addition, we are obligated to make additional payments to Eli Lilly of up to $24.0 million if, and only if, sales of an oral formulation of anidulafungin exceed specified targets worldwide. Because an oral formulation of anidulafungin is not currently feasible, we believe that it is unlikely that we will be obligated to make any of these payments to Eli Lilly. We have also granted to Eli Lilly an option to license the exclusive worldwide rights to any oral formulation of anidulafungin, which is exercisable upon successful completion of Phase II clinical trials. If Eli Lilly exercises this option, Eli Lilly would pay us an up-front fee and royalties based on net product sales, and would reimburse us for any milestone payments paid plus the value, on a cost-plus basis, of all prior development expenses attributed to the development and commercialization of the oral formulation of anidulafungin. However, due to the speculative nature of the oral formulation of anidulafungin, we believe that it is unlikely that we will be entitled to receive fees or royalties and reimbursement of expenses from Eli Lilly.

Research and development expense allocated to our anidulafungin project, expressed as a percentage of total research and development expense for the period was:

Our development administration overhead costs are included in total research and development expense for each period, but are not allocated to our various projects.

The goal of our anidulafungin project is to obtain marketing approval from the FDA, and analogous international agencies. We will consider the project substantially complete if we obtain those approvals even though subsequent to that time we might incur additional expenses in conducting additional clinical trials and follow-up studies. Material cash inflows relating to our anidulafungin project will not commence until after marketing approvals are obtained, and then only if anidulafungin finds acceptance in the marketplace. To date, we have not received any revenues from product sales of anidulafungin. Because of the many risks and uncertainties relating to the completion of clinical trials, receipt of marketing approvals and acceptance in the marketplace, we cannot predict when material cash inflows from our anidulafungin project will commence, if ever.

A failure to obtain marketing approval for anidulafungin would likely have the following results on our operations, financial position and liquidity:

Dalbavancin

Dalbavancin is our lead antibiotic product candidate. As of March 31, 2004, dalbavancin is in:

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Research and development expense allocated to our dalbavancin project, expressed as a percentage of total research and development expense for the period was:

Our development administration overhead costs are included in total research and development expense for each period; these costs are not allocated among our various projects.

The goal of our dalbavancin project is to obtain marketing approval from the FDA and analogous international agencies. We will consider the project substantially complete if we obtain those approvals even though subsequent to that time we might incur additional expenses in conducting additional clinical trials and follow-up studies. Before we can obtain such marketing approvals, we will need to complete pivotal Phase III clinical trials with satisfactory results and submit an NDA to the FDA. In any case, we would not expect to file an NDA for dalbavancin until the second half of 2004, at the earliest. We are unable to estimate the costs to completion for our dalbavancin project due to the risks surrounding the clinical trial process, including the risk that we may repeat, revise or expand the scope of our ongoing clinical trials or conduct additional clinical trials to secure marketing approvals and the additional risks listed under the caption “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business.” If clinical trials for our product candidates are unsuccessful or delayed, we will be unable to meet our anticipated development and commercialization timelines, which could harm our business and cause our stock price to decline. Material cash inflows relating to our dalbavancin project will not commence until after marketing approvals are obtained, and then only if dalbavancin finds acceptance in the marketplace. Because of the many risks and uncertainties relating to the completion of clinical trials, receipt of marketing approvals and acceptance in the marketplace, we cannot predict when material cash inflows from our dalbavancin project will commence, if ever.

A failure to obtain marketing approval for dalbavancin would likely have the following results on our operations, financial position and liquidity:

Risks Relating to Our Major Research and Development Projects

We face many risks that could prevent or delay the completion of our anidulafungin and dalbavancin projects, including those listed under the caption, “Risk Factors – Risks Related to Operating in Our Industry.”

Development Administration

Research and development expense comprising development administration overhead costs, expressed as a percentage of total research and development expense for the period was:

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We do not allocate our development administrative costs among our various projects because our development administration group is managed as a separate cost center and its expenditures are not always project specific.

Other Research and Development Projects

The remaining research and development projects were generated by various pre-clinical studies and drug discovery programs, including our collaborations with Pfizer and Novartis described below.

Oxazolidinones collaboration with Pfizer. We are party to a collaboration agreement with Pharmacia Corporation, now Pfizer, pursuant to which we are collaborating to discover, synthesize and develop second and third generation oxazolidinone product candidates. In connection with the collaboration, Pfizer made an equity investment in us of $3.8 million and paid us research support and license fee payments. Under the terms of the agreement and in consideration for our research obligations, we are entitled to receive funding from Pfizer to support certain of our full-time researchers. If specified milestones are achieved, Pfizer is obligated to pay us additional payments of up to $14.0 million for each compound, a portion of which may be credited against future royalty payments to which we are entitled on the worldwide sales of any drug developed and commercialized from the collaboration. The collaboration expires in 2005. Through March 31, 2004, Pfizer has made aggregate payments to us under this collaboration agreement (excluding equity investments) of $17.5 million.

Research and development expense allocated to our collaboration with Pfizer, expressed as a percentage of total research and development expense for the period was:

The goal of our collaboration with Pfizer is to discover, synthesize and obtain marketing approval for second and third generation oxazolidinone product candidates. We supply research product leads and other specified intellectual property to the collaboration. The collaboration also depends upon Pfizer to develop the product candidates, to obtain marketing approval from the FDA and analogous international agencies and to manufacture and sell any products resulting from the collaboration. Material cash inflows in the form of royalties relating to this collaboration will not commence until after marketing approvals are obtained, and then only if the product finds acceptance in the marketplace. One product candidate resulting from the collaboration has entered Phase I clinical trials. In order to obtain marketing approval, Pfizer will need to complete Phase I, II and III clinical trials with satisfactory results and submit an NDA to the FDA. Pfizer is under no obligation to continue the development of any product candidate resulting from this collaboration. Because of this and the substantial risks and uncertainties relating to the completion of clinical trials and the receipt of marketing approvals and acceptance in the marketplace, we cannot predict when material cash inflows from our collaboration with Pfizer will commence, if ever.

Deformylase inhibitors collaboration with Novartis. We are also party to a collaboration agreement with Novartis Pharma AG pursuant to which we are collaborating to discover and develop novel deformylase inhibitors. In connection with the collaboration, Novartis made an initial equity investment in us of $3.0 million. We have also received a number of milestone payments from Novartis and are entitled to receive payments of up to $13.0 million for our compounds or up to $7.25 million for Novartis compounds upon the achievement of specified milestones. Novartis may deduct a portion of these milestone payments from the royalties it will be obligated to pay us on the worldwide sales of any drug developed and commercialized from this collaboration. The collaboration agreement expires in March 2005. In September 2003, we announced achievement of a late-stage preclinical milestone for which we received a milestone payment from Novartis. Through March 31, 2004, Novartis has made aggregate payments to us under this collaboration agreement (excluding equity investments) of $16.2 million.

Research and development expense allocated to our collaboration with Novartis, expressed as a percentage of total research and development expense for the period was:

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The goal of our collaboration with Novartis is to discover, synthesize and obtain marketing approval for deformylase inhibitor product candidates. We are responsible for supplying research to the collaboration, according to a research plan developed by a joint research committee. Our research obligations currently extend through March 2005. Novartis provides us with funding to support some of our researchers on this project. The collaboration will depend upon Novartis to conduct the development of product candidates and to obtain marketing approval from the FDA and analogous international agencies. Material cash inflows in the form of royalties relating to this collaboration will not commence until after marketing approvals are obtained, and then only if the product finds acceptance in the marketplace. Currently one compound identified by the collaboration is in Phase I clinical trials. In order to obtain marketing approval, Novartis will need to initiate and complete Phase I, II and III clinical trials with satisfactory results and submit an NDA to the FDA. Novartis is under no obligation to continue the development of any product candidate resulting from this collaboration. Because of this and the many risks and uncertainties relating to the completion of clinical trials, the receipt of marketing approvals and acceptance in the marketplace, we cannot predict when material cash inflows from our collaboration with Novartis will commence, if ever.

In addition to the work on deformylase inhibitors, under the collaboration agreement we have been delivering to Novartis a series of screening assays based on novel anti-bacterial targets. For each screen that Novartis accepts as validated, we receive a milestone payment. In August 2001 and January 2002, Novartis paid us our fourth and fifth milestone payments, respectively, as a result of our delivery of our fourth and fifth target-based screens, which we expect will be used in Novartis’ high-throughput screening laboratory to identify new anti-infectives.

In the event that Pfizer or Novartis do not pursue or obtain marketing approval for any product candidate resulting from our collaborations, the following results on our operations, financial position and liquidity could arise:

Deferred Stock Compensation

We have recorded deferred stock compensation expense in connection with the grant of stock options to employees and consultants. Deferred stock compensation for options granted to employees is the difference between the fair value for financial reporting purposes of our common stock on the date such options were granted and their exercise price. Deferred stock compensation for options granted to consultants has been determined in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock Based Compensation,” as the fair value of the equity instruments issued. Deferred stock compensation for options granted to consultants is periodically remeasured as the underlying options vest in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force, or EITF, Issue No. 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments that are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services.”

We recorded deferred stock compensation of $308,000 and $512,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. These amounts were recorded as a component of stockholders’ equity and are being amortized as charges to operations over the vesting periods of the options. We recorded amortization of deferred stock compensation of $289,000 and $434,000 million in the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2004 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2003

Revenues

Revenues were $1.9 million and $1.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003. Revenues in 2004 consisted of $1.6 million of collaborative research and development fees from Pfizer and Novartis and $0.3 million of collaborative research and development and grant revenue from our research operations in Italy. Revenues in 2003 consisted of $1.5 million of collaborative research and development fees from Pfizer and Novartis and $0.3 million of collaborative research and development and grant revenues from our research operations in Italy.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses were $22.0 million and $12.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The increase in these expenditures is due to an increase relating to our ongoing clinical trials of proprietary product candidates, including anidulafungin and dalbavancin, as well as collaborative product candidates and Italian research costs resulting from our merger with Biosearch.

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Acquired In-Process Research and Development

In the first quarter of 2003, we recorded a non-cash charge to operations of $94.5 million for acquired in-process research and development resulting from our merger with Biosearch. This amount represents the estimated fair value relating to incomplete research and development projects which, at the time of the merger, had no alternative future use and for which technological feasibility had not been established.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses were $4.1 million and $2.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The increase in expenses in the first quarter of 2004 resulted from our operations in Italy plus additional costs related to the commencement of the development of a sales and marketing infrastructure.

Investment Income

Investment income was $686,000 and $449,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The increased income in the first quarter of 2004 was due to an increase in interest-bearing cash and marketable securities, which was partially offset by a decrease in interest rates.

Interest Expense

Interest expense was $28,000 and $70,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The decrease was due to a decrease in interest-bearing debt.

Financial Condition

Assets

As of March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, we held total assets of $236.2 million and $258.5 million, respectively. The decrease in total assets was primarily due to the decrease in cash and marketable securities which are used to fund our operations.

Liabilities

As of March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, our total liabilities equaled $47.2 million and $44.7 million, respectively. The increase in total liabilities was primarily due to the increase in research and development costs.

Stockholders’ Equity

As of March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, our total stockholders’ equity equaled $189.0 and $213.8, respectively. The decrease in our stockholders’ equity was primarily due to our year-to-date loss of $23.5 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have funded our operations principally with the net proceeds of $78.5 million from preferred stock offerings over the period 1995 through 1999, and net proceeds of $52.7 million from our initial public offering received in August and September 2000. In addition, in April 2002, we completed a private placement of shares of common stock to selected institutional investors from which we received net proceeds of approximately $41.9 million. We also increased our cash and cash equivalents and unrestricted marketable securities by $99.1 million as a result of our merger with Biosearch on February 28, 2003. On July 17, 2003, we sold 6,000,000 shares of our common stock at $13.85 per share in a public offering. We received net proceeds of $77.8 million.

We have also received payments for collaborative research, contract services and milestone payments, as well as license fees from our collaborators, including Sepracor. Of these payments, $1.8 million constitutes deferred revenue as of March 31, 2004.

We also have a $6.0 million term loan and a $2.0 million equipment note with a commercial bank, the latter of which is fully drawn at this time. Proceeds from the loan were used to repay Sepracor for leasehold improvements to our facilities and for general corporate purposes. Proceeds from draw downs on the equipment note were used to finance capital expenditures. The term loan accrues interest at the prime rate plus 0.5% (the prime rate was 4.0% at March 31, 2004) and the equipment notes’ interest rate is based on the LIBOR rate plus an applicable margin (the applicable LIBOR rate for our note was 1.20% of March 31, 2004). The term loan and the final note balance are due and payable on December 31, 2004. The outstanding balance of these loans was $1.6 million at March 31, 2004.

As a result of our merger with Biosearch, we acquired additional long-term debt relating to a loan agreement entered into by Biosearch in November 2000 with Ministero Istruzione Università Ricerca, or MIUR, to fund certain research projects undertaken by Biosearch. This loan matures in January 2011 and at March 31, 2004, the amount outstanding under this loan is $1.2 million.

In February 2004, we filed a universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3, which has been declared effective. This shelf registration statement will allow us to offer $200.0 million of our securities from time to time in one or more public offerings of our common stock, preferred stock, warrants and/or debt securities.

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In addition, in July 2002, the Company entered into a loan facility with the Basilicata Region of Italy for the construction of our manufacturing plant in Pisticci. Under the loan agreement, we have a total loan facility of $9.2 million (at exchange rates prevailing at March 31, 2004), of which we have drawn $7.0 million. The loan matures in 2012.

Cash used in operations was $18.3 million and $7.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The net loss for the first three months of 2004 was $23.5 million. In the first three months of 2003, the net loss of $107.2 million was offset by non-cash charges relating to depreciation and amortization of non-cash stock compensation expense of $1.1 million combined with the non-cash charge for acquired in process research and development of $94.5 million.

Cash provided by investing activities was $8.3 million and $16.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The principal source of cash in both periods resulted from the net maturity of marketable securities to fund operating losses and the mix of our investment portfolio of cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities. The capital expenditures of $4.0 million in 2004 and $3.0 million in 2003 is primarily due to the construction of our manufacturing plant in Pisticci, Italy.

Cash provided by financing activities was $911,000 and $2.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

At March 31, 2004, our cash and cash equivalents and unrestricted marketable securities totaled $142.3 million compared to $166.2 million at December 31, 2003.

We expect to have negative cash flow from operations for the foreseeable future. We also expect to incur increasing research and development, and general and administrative expenses, including expenses relating to clinical development, additions to personnel, production and commercialization efforts and the integration of our operations with those of Biosearch. Our future capital requirements will depend on a number of factors, including our success in developing markets for our products, payments received or made under collaboration agreements, the timing and outcome of regulatory approvals, the need to acquire licenses to new products or compounds, the status of competitive products and the availability of other financing. We believe our existing cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities at March 31, 2004 will be sufficient to fund our operating expenses, debt repayments and capital requirements for between the next 16 to 22 months.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In January 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No. 51.” FIN 46 was revised by FIN 46 “R” in December 2003. FIN 46 requires certain variable interest entities to be consolidated by the primary beneficiary of the entity if the equity investors in the entity do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. FIN 46 is effective immediately for all new variable interest entities created or acquired after January 31, 2003. For variable interest entities created or acquired prior to February 1, 2003, the provisions of FIN 46 must be applied for the first interim or annual period beginning after June 15, 2003. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We base our estimates on historical experience and other various assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Our critical accounting policies are as follows:

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue as it is earned. Revenue from license fees and contract service are recognized over the initial license or contract service term as the related work is performed, which generally is on a straight-line basis. Nonrefundable milestone payments received are recognized when they are earned, which is when the specific events which coincide with the achievement of substantive elements in the related collaboration agreements are achieved. Milestone payments received that are creditable against future royalty payments are deferred and recognized as revenue when the royalties are earned or when the payment is no longer creditable against future payments. Collaborative research and development payments are recognized as the related work is performed.

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Valuation Allowance

We have established a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax asset to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized. We account for income taxes under the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109 “Accounting for Income Taxes”. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income.

In-Process Research and Development

In the first quarter of 2003, we recorded a non-cash charge to operations of $94.5 million for acquired in-process research and development resulting from our merger with Biosearch. This amount represents the estimated fair value relating to incomplete research and development projects, which, at the time of the merger, had no alternative future use and for which technological feasibility had not been established.

Intangible Assets

The identifiable intangible assets arising from the merger, after allocation of negative goodwill, total $25 million as of December 31, 2003. These intangibles represent patents and core technology, a library of microbial extracts and a bioinformatics software platform. These identifiable intangible assets have estimated useful lives of between two and thirteen years.

RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information included or incorporated by reference into this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the following factors in evaluating our company or an investment in any of our securities. Our actual future results and trends may materially differ from our historical results or trends to date, or those anticipated in our forward-looking statements, depending on a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, the factors set forth in this section. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial might also harm our business.

Risks Related to Our Business

Our ability to become profitable is heavily dependent upon our obtaining FDA approval of anidulafungin and dalbavancin, our two lead product candidates, and marketing them successfully.

In order to become profitable, we anticipate that we will need to obtain FDA marketing approval for anidulafungin and dalbavancin and then commercialize them successfully. In April 2003, we filed an NDA with the FDA seeking approval to market anidulafungin for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis. In January 2004, we announced that we received notification from the FDA that the agency now anticipates completing its review of our anidulafungin NDA on May 25, 2004, which represents a 90-day extension of the original action date. We continue to expect the launch of anidulafungin in the first half of 2004 as planned, although our plans are dependent on receiving FDA approval, which may be delayed or denied. In addition, our product candidate, dalbavancin, is in three Phase III clinical trials for the treatment of both complicated and uncomplicated skin and soft tissue infections and we recently completed a Phase II trial for catheter-related bloodstream infections. We expect to complete the Phase III trials in the first half of 2004 and file a NDA for dalbavancin in the second half of 2004. Factors that could negatively affect or delay our receipt of FDA approval of one or both of these drugs include:

Our success is also dependent upon successful commercialization of these two product candidates. Successful commercialization requires acceptance of anidulafungin and dalbavancin by hospital-based physicians, patients and other medical decision makers.

Our success will further depend upon our ability to protect our intellectual property and products. We rely on a combination of patent, trade secret and regulatory protections to protect us from competitors with similar technologies. With regard to

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anidulafungin, we rely on patents covering the compound, methods of production and methods of use to protect this product candidate from generic competition. With regard to dalbavancin, we rely primarily on regulatory provisions, such as the data exclusivity provisions under the Hatch-Waxman Act, as well as patents and know-how to protect this product candidate from generic competition. However, in each case there can be no assurances that we will obtain protection for any specified duration.

If we are unable to develop and successfully commercialize our product candidates, we might not generate significant revenues or become profitable.

To date, we have not commercialized any products or recognized any revenue from product sales and none of our product candidates are approved for sale. Successful commercialization of a new drug product requires significant investment in research and development, pre-clinical testing and clinical trials, regulatory approval, and sales and marketing activities. Most of our product candidates are in early stages of development, one is being reviewed by the FDA, and three are in clinical trials. Our efforts to commercialize our product candidates are subject to a variety of risks inherent in the development of biopharmaceutical products based on new technologies. These risks include the following:

We expect to incur losses for the foreseeable future and might never achieve profitability.

We have incurred net losses since our inception in 1995. As of March 31, 2004, our accumulated deficit was $350.2 million, including the $94.5 million write-off of acquired in-process research and development resulting from our merger with Biosearch.

Our accumulated deficit results from our net losses of $1.1 million in 1995, $4.8 million in 1996, $6.7 million in 1997 (including $0.4 million in accretion of dividends on preferred stock), $15.1 million in 1998 (including $2.5 million in accretion of dividends on preferred stock), $67.4 million in 1999 (including deemed dividends of $35.1 million and $3.1 million in accretion of dividends on preferred stock), $18.8 million in 2000 (including $3.5 million in accretion of dividends on preferred stock), $32.8 million in 2001, $48.8 million in 2002, $174.0 million in 2003 (including a $94.5 million write-off of acquired in-process research and development resulting from our merger with Biosearch), and $23.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2004.

On February 28, 2003 we merged with Biosearch, which also has incurred net losses since its inception in 1996. Biosearch’s net losses were $23.6 million for 2000, $9.8 million for 2001 and $9.0 million for 2002 and $5.4 million from January 1, 2003 through the merger date of February 28, 2003. At February 28, 2003, Biosearch had an accumulated deficit of $54.8 million.

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However, these expenses were partially offset by amortization of negative goodwill, less losses on trading securities in the net amount of (4%) of Biosearch’s aggregate operating expenses from January 1, 2000 through February 28, 2003.

We expect to incur substantial and increasing losses for the foreseeable future as a result of increases in our research and development costs, including costs associated with conducting pre-clinical testing and clinical trials, and charges related to purchases of technology and other assets. We expect that our operating losses will fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter as a result of the timing of receipt of regulatory approval of anidulafungin and our other product candidates, the success of our commercialization efforts following regulatory approval, increases or decreases in our research and development efforts, the execution or termination of collaborative arrangements, the initiation, success or failure of clinical trials, or other factors. Our prospects of achieving profitability will depend on numerous factors, including success in:

Many of these factors will depend on circumstances beyond our control. We cannot assure you that we will become profitable.

If we do not compete successfully in the development and commercialization of products and keep pace with rapid technological change, we will be unable to capture and sustain a meaningful market position.

The biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries are highly competitive and subject to significant and rapid technological change as researchers learn more about diseases and develop new technologies for treatment. Our competitors in the United States and elsewhere are numerous and include, among others, major multinational pharmaceutical and chemical companies, specialized biotechnology companies and universities, and other research institutions. Specifically:

Our future products, if any, might also compete with new products currently under development or developed by others in the future.

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Many of our potential competitors, either alone or together with their collaborators, have substantially greater financial resources and larger research and development and marketing teams than we do. In addition, many of these competitors, either alone or together with their collaborators, have significantly greater experience than we do in developing, manufacturing and marketing products. As a result, these competitors’ products might come to market sooner or might prove to be more effective, to be less expensive, to have fewer side effects or to be easier to administer than ours. In any such case, sales of our eventual products would likely suffer and we might never recoup the significant investments we are making to develop these product candidates.

If clinical trials for our product candidates are unsuccessful or delayed, we will be unable to meet our anticipated development and commercialization timelines, which could harm our business and cause our stock price to decline.

Before obtaining regulatory approvals for the commercial sale of any products we might develop, we must demonstrate through pre-clinical testing and clinical trials that our product candidates are safe and effective for use in humans. Conducting pre-clinical testing and clinical trials is a protracted, time-consuming and expensive process. Completion of clinical trials might take several years or more. Our commencement and rate of completion of clinical trials might be delayed by many factors, including:

In addition, the results from pre-clinical testing and early clinical trials are often not predictive of results obtained in later clinical trials. In general, a number of new drugs have shown promising results in early clinical trials, but subsequently failed to establish sufficient safety and efficacy data to obtain necessary regulatory approvals. Data obtained from pre-clinical and clinical activities are susceptible to varying interpretations, which might delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval. In addition, regulatory delays or rejections might be encountered as a result of many factors, including perceived defects in the design of clinical trials and changes in regulatory policy during the period of product development.

As of March 31, 2004, we have one product candidate, anidulafungin, being reviewed by the FDA and three product candidates in clinical trials: dalbavancin in Phase III; ramoplanin in Phase III; and VIC-Acne which has completed Phase I. We also have anidulafungin in Phase III for an additional indication and dalbavancin and ramoplanin in Phase II each for an additional indication; the dalbavancin Phase II has concluded and top-line data released. Patient follow-up for these clinical trials has been limited and more trials will be required before we will expect to apply for regulatory approvals.

Clinical trials conducted by us or by third parties on our behalf might not demonstrate sufficient safety and efficacy to obtain the requisite regulatory approvals for anidulafungin, dalbavancin, ramoplanin or VIC-Acne or any other potential product candidates. Such a failure might delay development of our other product candidates and hinder our ability to conduct related pre-clinical testing and clinical trials. It might also cause regulatory authorities to prohibit us from undertaking any additional clinical trials for our other product candidates. Our other product candidates are in pre-clinical development, and we have not submitted investigational new drug applications, or INDs, to commence clinical trials involving these compounds. Our pre-clinical development efforts might not be successfully completed and we might not file further INDs. Any delays in, or termination of, our clinical trials would harm our development and commercialization timelines, which could cause our stock price to decline. Any of these events could also impede our ability to obtain additional financing.

If our third-party clinical trial managers do not perform, clinical trials for our product candidates might be delayed or unsuccessful.

As of March 31, 2004, we had 37 full-time clinical development employees. We expect to continue to rely on third parties, including our collaborators, clinical research organizations and outside consultants, to assist us in managing and monitoring clinical trials. If these third parties fail to perform satisfactorily under the terms of our agreements with them, clinical trials for our product candidates might be delayed or unsuccessful. Furthermore, the FDA and/or other regulatory agencies of the EU, might inspect some of our clinical investigational sites, our collaborators’ records and our facilities and files to determine if the clinical trials were conducted according to good clinical practices. If the FDA determines that our clinical trials were not in compliance with applicable requirements, we might be required to repeat the clinical trials.

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If our third-party manufacturers do not produce our product candidates on a timely basis, clinical trials and commercialization of our product candidates could be delayed.

We currently do not have our own manufacturing facilities capable of manufacturing our own products in quantities necessary for large-scale trials or marketing. The Aventis plant in Brindisi, Italy, and the Chemsyn Laboratories plant in the United States will be our initial manufacturing sites for dalbavancin and anidulafungin, respectively. Subsequently, we intend to manufacture products in our own manufacturing plant in Pisticci, Italy, which is currently under construction. To the extent that our manufacturing capabilities are insufficient to produce all of the necessary active ingredients for our current and future product candidates, we anticipate that we might need to rely on third parties to manufacture some or all of these active ingredients. However, there are a limited number of facilities in which our product candidates can be produced, and third-party manufacturers have limited experience in manufacturing anidulafungin, dalbavancin, ramoplanin and VIC-Acne in quantities sufficient for conducting clinical trials or for commercialization. Difficulties are often encountered in manufacturing new products, including problems involving production yields, quality control and assurance, shortage of qualified personnel, compliance with FDA and other regulations, production costs, and development of advanced manufacturing techniques and process controls. Any contract manufacturer might not perform as agreed or might not remain in the contract manufacturing business for the time we require to successfully develop, produce and market our product candidates. If any of our contract manufacturers fails to perform satisfactorily under its agreements with us, such as by failing to deliver the required quantities of our product candidates for clinical use on a timely basis and at commercially reasonable prices, and if we do not find a replacement manufacturer or develop our own manufacturing capabilities, clinical trials involving our product candidates, or commercialization of our products, could be delayed.

If we do not establish successful marketing and sales capabilities or do not enter into successful marketing arrangements with third parties, we will not be able to commercialize our future products and will not become profitable.

We intend to sell a portion of our future products, including anidulafungin and dalbavancin, through our own sales force. At present, however, we are in the early stages of developing a sales and marketing infrastructure and we lack any experience in direct marketing, sales and distribution. Our future profitability will depend in part on our ability to develop a direct sales and marketing force to sell our future products, if any, to our target market. We might not be able to attract and retain qualified salespeople or be able to build an efficient and effective sales and marketing force. To the extent that we enter into marketing and sales arrangements with other companies, our revenues will depend on the efforts of others. These efforts might not be successful. If we are unable to enter into third-party arrangements, then we must substantially expand our marketing and sales force in order to achieve commercial success for certain products, and to compete with other companies that have experienced and well-funded marketing and sales operations.

If we cannot enter into new in-licensing arrangements, our product portfolio and potential profitability could be harmed.

An important component of our business strategy is to in-license drug compounds discovered by other pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies or academic research laboratories, in order to develop them ourselves. Currently we in-license anidulafungin from Eli Lilly. Anidulafungin is our lead antifungal product candidate and one of our four product candidates in clinical development. Under our license arrangement with Eli Lilly, we acquired exclusive worldwide rights to anidulafungin. This license arrangement will terminate on a country-by-country basis upon the later of the expiration of all product patents in the country or 10 years from the date of the first commercial sale of anidulafungin in the country. Competition for new promising compounds can be intense. If we are not able to identify future in-licensing opportunities and enter into future licensing arrangements on acceptable terms, our future product portfolio and potential profitability could be harmed.

If we do not establish and maintain collaborations or if our collaborators do not perform, we will be unable to develop our joint product candidates.

We have entered into collaboration arrangements with third parties to develop product candidates. Additional collaborations might be necessary in order for us to fund our research and development activities and third-party manufacturing arrangements, to seek and obtain regulatory approvals and to successfully commercialize our existing and future product candidates. If we do not maintain our existing collaborative arrangements or do not enter into additional collaborative arrangements, the number of product candidates from which we could receive future revenues would decline. In addition, our dependence on collaborative arrangements with third parties subjects us to a number of risks, including the following:

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If any collaborator were to terminate or breach their collaborative agreement with us, or otherwise fail to complete its obligations in a timely manner, our chances of successfully commercializing products could be harmed.

If our future products are not accepted by the market, we are not likely to generate significant revenues or become profitable.

Even if we obtain regulatory approval to market products in the future, we might not gain market acceptance among physicians, patients, healthcare payors and the medical community. The degree of market acceptance of any pharmaceutical product that we might develop will depend on a number of factors, including:

Physicians will not recommend therapies using any of our future products until clinical data or other factors demonstrate their safety and efficacy as compared to other drugs or treatments. Even if the clinical safety and efficacy of therapies using any of our future products is established, physicians might elect not to recommend the therapies for a number of other reasons, including the possibility that the mode of administration of our future product might not be effective for their patients’ indications and locations. For example, many antibiotic or antifungal products are typically administered by infusion or injection, which requires substantial cost and inconvenience to patients and might not be practical in non-hospital settings.

Physicians, patients, third-party payors and the medical community might not accept and utilize any product candidates that we or our collaborators develop. If none of our future products achieve significant market acceptance, we are not likely to generate significant revenues or become profitable.

If we are unable to attract and retain skilled employees and consultants, we will be unable to develop and commercialize our product candidates.

We are highly dependent on our skilled management and scientific staff. In order to pursue our product development, marketing and commercialization plans, we might need to hire additional personnel with experience in clinical testing, government regulation, manufacturing, marketing and finance. We might not be able to attract and retain personnel on acceptable terms given the intense competition for such personnel among high technology enterprises, including biotechnology, pharmaceutical and healthcare companies, universities and non-profit research institutions. Most of our management and scientific staff do not have employment contracts. If we lose a significant number of these persons, or are unable to attract and retain qualified personnel, our business, financial condition and results of operations might be harmed. We do not maintain key person life insurance on any of our personnel.

In addition, we rely on consultants and members of our scientific and clinical advisory boards to assist us in formulating research and development strategies. All of these consultants and the members of our scientific and clinical advisory boards are employed by others, and they might have commitments to, or advisory or consulting agreements with, others that might limit their availability to us. If we lose the services of these advisors, our achievement of our development objectives might be impeded, and our business, financial condition and results of operations might be harmed. Finally, except for work performed specifically for and at our direction, the inventions or processes discovered by our scientific and clinical advisory board members and other consultants will not become our intellectual property, but will be the intellectual property of the individuals or their institutions. If we desire access to these inventions, we will be required to obtain appropriate licenses from the owners. We face the risk that we might not be able to obtain such licenses on favorable terms or at all.

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Our revenues are subject to significant fluctuations, which makes it difficult to draw meaningful comparisons from period-to-period changes in our operating results.

We expect that substantially all of our revenues for the foreseeable future will result from payments under collaborative arrangements, with some European grant and subsidy revenue. To date, collaborative payments have taken the form of up-front payments, reimbursement for research and development expenses and milestone payments. Milestone payments to us under collaborative arrangements are subject to significant fluctuation in both timing and amount. As a result, comparisons of our revenues and results of operations between periods might not produce meaningful indications of our progress toward commercializing one or more product candidates. Moreover, the historical revenues of Vicuron and Biosearch on a stand-alone basis might not be indicative of our future performance or of our ability to continue to achieve additional milestones and to receive additional milestone payments from our collaborators.

We might seek additional funding, which could dilute our stockholders interest in our company or impose burdensome financial restrictions, and if we do not obtain necessary funding, we might be forced to delay or curtail the development of our product candidates.

We expect to incur increasing research and development, general and administrative and sales and marketing expenses over the next several years. Based on our current plans and assumptions, we estimate that our cash and liquid assets at March 31, 2004 will be sufficient to fund our operating losses for the next 16 to 22 months. However, if our plans change and/or our assumptions are inaccurate, we might need to seek and obtain capital sooner than anticipated. Some of our more significant plans and assumptions relate to:

Other than as described in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources”, we have no committed sources of additional capital. To the extent our capital resources are insufficient to meet our future capital requirements, we will have to raise additional funds to continue the development of our product candidates. We might also seek additional funding much earlier than we would otherwise need, in order to take advantage of attractive opportunities in the capital markets.

We might seek to raise funds from a traditional lender or through public or private debt or equity offerings. To the extent we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the securities could be sold at a discount to prevailing market price and the issuance of those securities could result in dilution to our stockholders. Moreover, the incurrence of debt financing could result in a substantial portion of our operating cash flow being dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on such indebtedness, and we might be subject to restrictive covenants as a result of such debt financing. This could render us more vulnerable to competitive pressures and economic downturns and could impose restrictions on our operations. If adequate funds are not available from any of those sources, our business might be harmed. We might be required to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate one or more of our research and development programs or otherwise significantly curtail operations. In addition, we might be required to obtain funds by entering into arrangements with collaborators on unattractive terms or relinquish rights to certain technologies or drug candidates that we would not otherwise relinquish in order to continue independent operations.

If we make any more strategic acquisitions, we will incur a variety of costs and might never realize the anticipated benefits.

If appropriate opportunities become available, we might attempt to acquire additional products, product candidates or businesses that we believe are a strategic fit with our business. Currently, however, we are not a party to any acquisition agreements. If we pursue any transaction of that sort, the process of negotiating the acquisition and integrating an acquired product, product candidate or business might result in operating difficulties and expenditures and might require significant management attention that would otherwise be available for ongoing development of our business,

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whether or not any such transaction is ever consummated. Moreover, we might never realize the anticipated benefits of any acquisition. Future acquisitions could result in potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities and/or impairment expenses related to goodwill and impairment or amortization expenses related to other intangible assets, which could harm our financial condition.

If our use of hazardous materials results in contamination or injury, we could suffer significant financial loss.

Our operations include the controlled use of hazardous materials, primarily small quantities of toxic biological materials and chemical compounds which we store, collect, combine, analyze and, at times, produce in connection with our research and manufacturing activities. We cannot eliminate the risk of accidental contamination or injury from these materials. In the event of an accident or environmental discharge, we might be held liable for any resulting damages. We do not currently maintain separate insurance to cover contamination or injuries relating to hazardous materials, and such liabilities might not be covered by our general liability insurance coverage.

Compliance with the new NASDAQ corporate governance rules might require us to increase the size of our board.

We currently have seven directors on our board. In connection with the merger with Biosearch, we amended our bylaws in a manner that is intended, among other things, to maintain an even balance of legacy Versicor directors and legacy Biosearch directors on the board for three years from the date of the completion of the merger. If we decide to add additional directors to the board during that three-year period, our bylaws effectively require us to add an even number of directors (with one-half of the additional directors proposed by the four legacy Versicor directors and the other half proposed by the four legacy Biosearch directors) in order to maintain an equal number of legacy Versicor and Biosearch directors on the board. Our bylaws might make it more difficult for us to comply with NASDAQ’s recently proposed director-independence rule.

In order for a majority of our directors to be independent, we would need to (a) ask up to three of our non-independent directors to resign followed by appointment of three new independent directors and/or (b) increase the size of our board by adding up to six additional independent directors. Under the recently approved rules, our board will also need to appoint an independent director as chairman of the audit committee. Any increase in the size of our board or change in its membership might give rise to inefficiencies, which might cause some board actions to be delayed. We will need to comply with the new rules on the earlier of or before the date of our annual stockholders meeting in 2004 or October 31, 2004.

We might be required to repay some or all of the Italian and/or EU research grants and loan subsidies previously received by Biosearch and we might not qualify or be approved for new grants and subsidies.

Biosearch historically funded a portion of their operations through research grants and loan subsidies awarded by Italian and EU authorities. Under applicable law, any transfer of those grants and subsidies (including transfer by merger) requires written approval from the Italian bank. In connection with the merger, and the subsequent contribution to Vicuron Pharmaceuticals Italy S.r.l., our wholly owned Italian subsidiary, we applied for permission to transfer Biosearch’s grants and subsidies to our Italian branch and subsidiary. Although the merger and the contribution have been completed, the Italian and EU authorities have not as yet reached an official decision on whether to approve our transfer requests. If the transfers are approved, we intend to apply for further permission to contribute the grants and subsidies to Vicuron Pharmaceuticals Italy S.r.l., our wholly-owned subsidiary in Italy. We face the risk that one or both of the transfers might not be approved, in which case we might be required to repay some or all of the grants and subsidies received by Biosearch prior to the merger, in the aggregate amount of up to approximately $1.7 million as of March 31, 2004, and we may forfeit grants and subsidies awarded to Biosearch but not yet disbursed as of March 31, 2004 (based on exchange rates then prevailing). Regardless of whether or not we are required to repay those grants, we anticipate that our Italian subsidiary will be eligible to apply for new research grants and subsidies from both the Italian and EU authorities. However, grants and subsidies are awarded in the discretion of those authorities and we face the risk that our Italian subsidiary might not qualify or be approved for any additional grants or subsidies in the future.

Complying with two national regulatory structures might result in administrative challenges.

Our operations must comply with applicable laws of and rules of the United States (including Delaware corporate law and the rules and regulations of the SEC and the NASDAQ National Market), the EU legal system and the Republic of Italy (including the rules and regulations of the Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa, or CONSOB, and Borsa Italiana, which collectively regulate companies listed on Italy’s public markets such as the Nuovo Mercato). Conducting our operations in a manner designed to comply with all applicable laws and rules will require us to allocate additional time and resources to regulatory compliance matters. For example:

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We are subject to risks resulting from fluctuations in the exchange rate of the dollar relative to the euro, which could cause costs to be greater than we expect and introduce additional volatility in our reported quarterly results.

As a result of the completed merger with Biosearch, we are exposed to risks associated with foreign currency transactions insofar as we might desire to use dollars to make contract payments denominated in euros or vice versa. As the net positions of our unhedged foreign currency transactions fluctuates, our earnings might be negatively affected. In addition, we are exposed to risks associated with the translation of euro-denominated financial results and balances and cash flows into U.S. dollars. Although our reporting currency remains the U.S. dollar, a portion of our consolidated revenues and costs now arise in euros, which we restate in dollars for purposes of financial reporting. In addition, the reported carrying value of our euro-denominated assets and liabilities will be affected by fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar as compared to the euro. Accordingly, changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the euro might have an adverse effect on our reported results of operations and financial condition, and fluctuations in exchange rates might introduce additional volatility in our reported results and accounts from period to period.

Risks Related to Operating in Our Industry

If we experience delays in obtaining regulatory approvals, or are unable to obtain them at all, for one or more of our product candidates, commercialization of those products will be delayed.

Our efforts to develop and market our product candidates will be subject to extensive and rigorous domestic regulation. FDA rules govern, among other matters, the development, testing, manufacture, safety, efficacy, record-keeping, labeling, storage, approval, advertising, promotion, sale and distribution of pharmaceutical products in the United States. Any products that we market abroad will also be subject to extensive regulation by foreign governments. In order to obtain permission to sell our product candidates, we must provide the FDA and foreign regulatory authorities with clinical data demonstrating that our proposed drugs are safe in humans and effective at treating an indicated condition. None of our product candidates has been approved for sale in the United States or any foreign market, and we cannot predict whether regulatory clearance will be obtained for any product that we are developing or intend to develop. The regulatory review and approval process takes many years, is dependent upon the type, complexity and novelty of the product candidate, requires the expenditure of substantial resources, involves post-marketing surveillance, and might involve ongoing requirements for post-marketing studies. Delays in obtaining regulatory approvals might:

Any required approvals, once granted, might be withdrawn. Further, if we do not comply with applicable FDA and foreign regulatory requirements at any stage during the regulatory process, we might be subject to sanctions, including:

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We choose to develop some proprietary product candidates ourselves and to out-license other product candidates to third parties for collaborative development. The licensing or collaboration agreement will generally specify which party is responsible for directing the clinical trial process and seeking regulatory approvals. Regardless of whether the process is directed by us or by our collaborators, in each case we face the risk that our clinical trials might be unsuccessful, and that the FDA will not grant us marketing approval. We might also encounter delays or rejections based upon future changes in government regulation, legislation or FDA policy during the period of product development, clinical trials and FDA regulatory review. If we do not obtain required governmental approvals, we will be precluded from marketing the candidate for which approval was sought. If regulatory clearance for marketing a future product is granted, this clearance will be limited to those disease states and conditions for which the product is demonstrated through clinical trials to be safe and effective.

Outside the United States, the ability to market a product is contingent upon receiving a marketing authorization from the appropriate regulatory authorities. This foreign regulatory approval process typically includes all of the risks associated with FDA clearance described above and might include additional risks.

If our manufacturing subsidiary or our contract manufacturers fail to comply with applicable Good Manufacturing Practice requirements, we could be subject to fines or other sanctions, or be precluded from marketing any future products.

Manufacturing facilities are required to comply with the FDA’s Good Manufacturing Practice regulations. Even facilities outside the United States, such as the manufacturing plant we are constructing in Italy, must comply with these regulations if the manufactured products will be sold in the United States. Good Manufacturing Practice regulations include requirements relating to quality control and quality assurance as well as to maintenance of records and documentation. Manufacturing facilities are subject to inspection by the FDA. These facilities must be approved before we can use them in commercial manufacturing of our products. Comparable Good Manufacturing Practice regulations also apply in the EU, Italy and other foreign countries. Our contract manufacturers and our manufacturing subsidiary might not be able to comply with the applicable Good Manufacturing Practice requirements and other FDA or other EU, Italian or foreign regulatory agencies’ regulatory requirements.

If our intellectual property rights do not adequately protect our product candidates or future products, others could compete against us more directly, which would harm our business.

Our success depends in part on our ability to protect our intellectual property from unauthorized use by third parties, which we will be able to do only to the extent that our intellectual property is covered by valid and enforceable patents or is effectively maintained as a trade secret. We have rights relating to 29 issued U.S. patents, 12 U.S. patent applications, 453 foreign patents and 51 foreign patent applications. Of these patents and patent applications:

Our collaborations involve the following patents:

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The patent position of biopharmaceutical companies involves complex legal and factual questions and, therefore, we cannot predict with certainty whether they will be enforceable. We have in the past and might in the future receive office actions or other notices from U.S. or foreign patent authorities seeking to limit or otherwise qualify some patent claims. Patents, if issued, might be challenged, invalidated or circumvented. Thus, any patents that we own or license from third parties might not provide any protection against competitors. Our pending patent applications, those we might file in the future, or those we might license from third parties, might not result in patents being issued. Also, we periodically review our U.S. and foreign patent filings to determine whether their maintenance is commercially justified. As a result, we may determine from time to time to abandon certain patent applications or allow certain patents to lapse. Moreover, patent rights might not provide us with adequate proprietary protection or competitive advantages against competitors with similar technologies. The laws of many foreign countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States.

In addition to patents, we rely on trade secrets and proprietary know-how. We seek protection, in part, through confidentiality and proprietary information agreements. These agreements might not provide meaningful protection or adequate remedies for our technology in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure of confidential and proprietary information. Failure to protect our intellectual property rights could seriously impair our competitive position and harm our business.

If third parties claim we are infringing their intellectual property rights, we could suffer significant litigation or licensing expenses or be prevented from marketing our future products.

Our success depends in part on our ability to operate without infringing upon the intellectual property rights of others. Research has been conducted for many years in the areas in which we focus our research and development efforts. This has resulted in a substantial number of issued patents and an even larger number of still-pending patent applications. U.S. patent applications, which are not foreign filed, can be maintained in secrecy until issuance. U.S. patent applications which are also intended for foreign filing usually publish 18 months after the earliest priority date or within six months of the U.S. filing date, whichever is later. The publication of discoveries in the scientific or patent literature frequently occurs substantially later than the date on which the underlying discoveries were made. Our commercial success will depend significantly on an ability to operate without infringing the patents and other intellectual property rights of third parties. However, our technologies might infringe the patents or violate other intellectual property rights of third parties without our knowledge. In the event an infringement claim is brought against us, we might be required to pay legal and other expenses to defend such a claim and, if our defense is unsuccessful, we might be prevented from pursuing product development and commercialization and might be subject to damage awards.

Our success also depends in part on our ability to prevent others from infringing our intellectual property rights. The biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries have been characterized by extensive litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property rights. The defense and prosecution of intellectual property legal actions, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office interference proceedings and related legal and administrative proceedings in the United States and internationally involve complex legal and factual questions. As a result, such proceedings are costly and time-consuming to pursue and their outcome is uncertain. Litigation might be necessary to:

If we become involved in any litigation, interference or other administrative proceedings, we will incur substantial expense and the efforts of our technical and management personnel will be significantly diverted. An adverse determination might subject us to loss of proprietary position or to significant liabilities, or require us to seek licenses that might not be available from third parties. We might be restricted or prevented from manufacturing and selling products, if any, in the event of an adverse determination in a judicial or administrative proceeding or if we fail to obtain necessary licenses. Costs associated with these arrangements might be substantial and might include ongoing royalties. Furthermore, we might not be able to obtain the necessary licenses on satisfactory terms, if at all.

If the government or other third-party payors fail to provide adequate coverage and reimbursement rates for our future products, if any, our revenues and prospects for profitability will be harmed.

In both domestic and foreign markets, our sales of any future products will depend in part upon the availability of reimbursement from third-party payors. Such third-party payors include government health administration authorities, managed care providers, private health insurers and other organizations. These third-party payors are increasingly challenging the price, and examining the cost effectiveness, of medical products and services. In addition, significant uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of newly approved healthcare products. We might need to conduct post-marketing studies in order to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of any future products to such payors’ satisfaction. Such studies might require us to commit a significant amount of management time and financial and other resources. Our future products might not ultimately be considered

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cost-effective. Adequate third-party reimbursement might not be available to enable us to maintain price levels sufficient to realize an appropriate return on investment in product development. Domestic and foreign governments continue to propose and pass legislation designed to reduce the cost of healthcare. For example, in some foreign markets, the government controls prescription pharmaceuticals’ pricing and profitability. In the United States, we expect that there will continue to be federal and state proposals to implement similar governmental control. In addition, increasing emphasis on managed care in the United States will continue to put pressure on pharmaceutical product pricing. Cost control initiatives could decrease the price that we would receive for any products in the future, which would limit our revenues and profitability. Accordingly, legislation and regulations affecting the pricing of pharmaceuticals might change before our proposed products are approved for marketing. Adoption of such legislation could further limit reimbursement for pharmaceuticals.

If a successful product liability claim or series of claims is brought against us for uninsured liabilities or in excess of insured liabilities, we could be forced to pay substantial damage awards.

The use of any of our product candidates in clinical trials, and the sale of any approved products, might expose us to product liability claims. We currently maintain product liability insurance coverage in the amount of $10.0 million per occurrence and $10.0 million in the aggregate. Such insurance coverage might not protect us against all of the claims to which we might become subject. We might not be able to maintain adequate insurance coverage at a reasonable cost or in sufficient amounts or scope to protect us against potential losses. In the event a claim is brought against us, we might be required to pay legal and other expenses to defend the claim, as well as uncovered damages awards resulting from a claim brought successfully against us. Furthermore, whether or not we are ultimately successful in defending any such claims, we might be required to direct financial and managerial resources to such defense and adverse publicity could result, all of which could harm our business.

Risks Related to the Securities Markets

Our stock price has been and is likely to continue to be volatile, and could suffer a decline in value.

The trading price of our common stock is likely to be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in price in response to various factors, many of which are beyond our control, including:

In addition, the stock market in general, and the NASDAQ National Market, the Nuovo Mercato and the market for biotechnology and pharmaceutical stocks in particular, have experienced significant price and volume fluctuations. Over the 52-week period ending April 27, 2004, the market price of Vicuron common stock as reported on the NASDAQ National Market ranged from a high of $24.54 to a low of $11.30 and our average daily trading volume was 342,169 shares. Volatility in the market price for particular companies has often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies. These broad market and industry factors might seriously harm the market price of our common stock, regardless of

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our operating performance. In addition, securities class action litigation has often been initiated following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities. A securities class action suit against us could result in substantial costs, potential liabilities and the diversion of management’s attention and resources.

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We have implemented anti-takeover provisions that could discourage or prevent a takeover, even if an acquisition would be beneficial to our stockholders.

Provisions of our restated certificate of incorporation, our amended and restated bylaws and our shareholder rights plan, or “poison pill”, increase the likelihood that any third party would need to negotiate with our board prior to initiating a takeover proposal for us and could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control of our company. For example, our board of directors, without further stockholder approval, may issue preferred stock (or, in the face of a potential acquiror’s increased ownership, rights to purchase our common stock for a nominal price) that could delay or prevent a change of control, as well as reduce the voting power of holders of our common stock. In addition, some of our stockholders have entered into a stockholders agreement in which they have agreed, for a period of three years following completion of the merger, to vote as recommended by the board on some issues. These provisions could delay or prevent an attempt to replace or remove our management. The foregoing factors could also limit the price that investors or an acquiror might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.

ITEM 3: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Interest Rates

Our exposure to interest rate risk relates to our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities as well as our loans and notes with commercial banks. Our marketable securities are subject to interest rate risk and could decline in value if interest rates fluctuate. However, due to the conservative and short-term nature of these investments, such exposure is limited. Our borrowings are also exposed to interest rate risk as the majority of our debt is based on variable interest rates.

The table below presents principal amounts and related weighted average interest rates by year of maturity for our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities (in thousands):

Our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities have increased substantially since December 31, 2002 as a result of our merger with Biosearch and the follow-on public offering of our common stock in July 2003.

The estimated fair value of our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities approximate the principal amounts reflected above based on the short-term maturities of these financial instruments.

The estimated fair value of our debt obligations approximates the principal amounts due based on the interest rates currently available to us for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities.

Inflation

We do not believe that inflation has had a material adverse impact on our business or operating results during the quarters presented.

Exchange Rates

As a result of our 2003 merger with Biosearch, we are exposed to risks resulting from fluctuations in the exchange rate of the dollar relative to the euro. A portion of our consolidated revenues and costs now arise in euros. To manage this risk, we intend to maintain a portion of our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities denominated in euros.

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ITEM 4 . CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including each of our President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management necessarily applied its judgment in assessing the costs and benefits of such controls and procedures which, by their nature, can provide only reasonable assurance regarding management’s control objectives.

As of March 31, 2004, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer have performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act,) and concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms. These officers have also concluded that there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

At March 31, 2004, there were no significant pending legal proceedings to which we were party or to which any of our properties were subject.

ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES, USE OF PROCEEDS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

None

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

Exhibits

The exhibits listed on the Exhibit List, which appears below following the signature page, are included or incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report.

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Reports on Form 8-K

On March 11, 2004, we filed a Current Report on Form 8-K under Item 7, and furnished information to the SEC on such report under Item 12, announcing earnings for the fourth quarter of 2003 and the year ended December 31, 2003. The information provided on such report shall not be deemed “filed” for the purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section.

On March 17, 2004, we filed a Current Report on Form 8-K under Item 5 with the SEC, announcing the resignation of Claudio Quarta, Ph.D. as the Chief Operating Officer of the Company.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Pursuant to Item 601(a)(2) of Regulation S-K, this exhibit index immediately precedes the exhibits.

The following exhibits are included, or incorporated by reference, in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2004 (and are numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K).

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