SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2003 |
or
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to |
Commission File Number 0-23006
DSP GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
94-2683643 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of |
(I.R.S. employer | |
3120 Scott Boulevard, |
95054 | |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) |
(Zip Code) |
Registrants telephone number, including area code: (408) 986-4300
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes x No ¨
As of May 1, 2003, there were 27,439,324 shares of Common Stock ($.001 par value per share) outstanding.
DSP GROUP, INC.
1
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(US dollars in thousands)
March 31, |
December 31, | |||||
(Unaudited) |
(Audited) | |||||
ASSETS |
||||||
CURRENT ASSETS: |
||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ |
37,137 |
$ |
39,919 | ||
Marketable securities |
|
55,536 |
|
45,371 | ||
Trade receivables, less allowance for returns of $123 in March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002 and for doubtful accounts of $328 in March 31, 2003 and $339 in December 31, 2002 |
|
11,359 |
|
4,873 | ||
Deferred income taxes |
|
1,685 |
|
1,685 | ||
Other accounts receivable and prepaid expenses |
|
1,474 |
|
1,352 | ||
Inventories |
|
6,290 |
|
6,916 | ||
Assets of discontinued operations |
|
2,665 |
|
4,737 | ||
Total current assets |
|
116,146 |
|
104,853 | ||
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET |
|
4,677 |
|
4,690 | ||
LONG-TERM ASSETS: |
||||||
Long-term marketable securities |
|
147,026 |
|
150,692 | ||
Investments in equity securities of traded companies |
|
12,231 |
|
12,031 | ||
Long-term prepaid expenses and lease deposits |
|
381 |
|
386 | ||
Severance pay fund |
|
1,790 |
|
1,616 | ||
Goodwill |
|
5,804 |
|
5,804 | ||
Total long-term assets |
|
167,232 |
|
170,529 | ||
Total assets |
$ |
288,055 |
$ |
280,072 | ||
Note: The balance sheet at December 31, 2002 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date.
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
2
DSP GROUP, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(US dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2003 |
December 31, | ||||||
(Unaudited) |
(Audited) | ||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
|||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES: |
|||||||
Trade payables |
$ |
8,742 |
|
$ |
6,745 | ||
Accrued compensation and benefits |
|
3,541 |
|
|
4,556 | ||
Income taxes payable |
|
7,860 |
|
|
7,328 | ||
Accrued expenses and other accounts payable |
|
10,802 |
|
|
9,668 | ||
Total current liabilities |
|
30,945 |
|
|
28,297 | ||
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES: |
|||||||
Accrued severance pay |
|
1,832 |
|
|
1,686 | ||
Deferred income taxes |
|
2,470 |
|
|
2,371 | ||
Total long-term liabilities |
|
4,302 |
|
|
4,057 | ||
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY: |
|||||||
Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value: |
|||||||
Authorized shares5,000,000 as of March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002; Issued and outstanding sharesnone as of March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002 |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Common Stock, $0.001 par value: |
|||||||
Authorized shares50,000,000 as of March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002; Issued and outstanding shares27,343,281 as of March 31, 2003 and 27,247,947 as of December 31, 2002 |
|
27 |
|
|
27 | ||
Additional paid-in capital |
|
157,267 |
|
|
156,443 | ||
Treasury stock |
|
(85 |
) |
|
| ||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
|
672 |
|
|
476 | ||
Retained earnings |
|
94,927 |
|
|
90,772 | ||
Total stockholders equity |
|
252,808 |
|
|
247,718 | ||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
$ |
288,055 |
|
$ |
280,072 | ||
Note: The balance sheet at December 31, 2002 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date.
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
(US dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Three months ended |
|||||||
2003 |
2002 |
||||||
Revenues |
$ |
29,011 |
$ |
21,126 |
| ||
Costs of revenues |
|
16,777 |
|
12,612 |
| ||
Gross profit |
|
12,234 |
|
8,514 |
| ||
Operating expenses: |
|||||||
Research and development |
|
5,120 |
|
4,904 |
| ||
Sales and marketing |
|
2,316 |
|
1,936 |
| ||
General and administrative |
|
1,581 |
|
930 |
| ||
Aborted spin-off expenses and other |
|
|
|
865 |
| ||
Total operating expenses |
|
9,017 |
|
8,635 |
| ||
Operating income (loss) |
|
3,217 |
|
(121 |
) | ||
Interest and other income, net |
|
1,924 |
|
2,609 |
| ||
Income before taxes on income |
|
5,141 |
|
2,488 |
| ||
Taxes on income |
|
874 |
|
313 |
| ||
Net income from continuing operations |
|
4,267 |
|
2,175 |
| ||
Net income from discontinued operations of Ceva |
|
|
|
515 |
| ||
Net income |
$ |
4,267 |
$ |
2,690 |
| ||
Net earnings per share from continuing operations: |
|||||||
Basic |
$ |
0.16 |
$ |
0.08 |
| ||
Diluted |
$ |
0.15 |
$ |
0.08 |
| ||
Net earnings per share from discontinued operations: |
|||||||
Basic |
$ |
|
$ |
0.02 |
| ||
Diluted |
$ |
|
$ |
0.02 |
| ||
Net earnings per share (combined): |
|||||||
Basic |
$ |
0.16 |
$ |
0.10 |
| ||
Diluted |
$ |
0.15 |
$ |
0.10 |
| ||
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
(US dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
2003 |
2002 |
|||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
$ |
2,607 |
|
$ |
2,562 |
| ||
Investing activities |
||||||||
Purchase of held-to-maturity marketable securities |
|
(37,611 |
) |
|
(29,990 |
) | ||
Proceeds from sales and maturity of held-to-maturity marketable securities |
|
30,141 |
|
|
17,893 |
| ||
Purchases of property and equipment |
|
(618 |
) |
|
(325 |
) | ||
Investment in available-for-sale marketable securities |
|
|
|
|
(2,000 |
) | ||
Cash received from (distributed to) discontinued operations |
|
2,072 |
|
|
(254 |
) | ||
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
(6,016 |
) |
|
(14,676 |
) | ||
Financial activities |
||||||||
Purchase of treasury stock |
|
(389 |
) |
|
|
| ||
Issuance of Common Stock and Treasury Stock for cash upon exercise of options and upon purchase of Common Stock under employee stock purchase plan by employees |
|
1,016 |
|
|
1,275 |
| ||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
627 |
|
|
1,275 |
| ||
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
$ |
(2,782 |
) |
$ |
(10,839 |
) | ||
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period |
$ |
39,919 |
|
$ |
39,146 |
| ||
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period |
$ |
37,137 |
|
$ |
28,307 |
| ||
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
(UNAUDITED)
(US dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2003 |
Number of Common Stock |
Common Stock |
Additional Paid-In Capital |
Treasury Stock |
Retained Earnings |
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Total Comprehensive Income |
Total Stockholders Equity |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2002 |
27,248 |
|
$ |
27 |
|
$ |
156,443 |
$ |
90,772 |
|
$ |
476 |
|
$ |
247,718 |
| ||||||||||||||
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,267 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
4,267 |
|
|
4,267 |
| ||||||||
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale marketable securities, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
101 |
|
|
101 |
|
|
101 |
| ||||||||
Unrealized gain from hedging activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
95 |
|
|
95 |
|
|
95 |
| ||||||||
Total comprehensive income |
$ |
4,463 |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of Common Stock upon exercise of stock options by employees |
77 |
|
|
|
(* |
|
526 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
526 |
| |||||||||||
Issuance of Common Stock upon purchase of Common Stock under employee stock purchase plan by employees |
24 |
|
|
( |
* |
|
298 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
298 |
| |||||||||||
Purchase of Treasury Stock |
(26 |
) |
|
( |
* |
|
|
$ |
(389 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(389 |
) | |||||||||||
Issuance of Treasury Stock upon exercise of stock options by employees |
20 |
|
|
( |
* |
|
|
|
304 |
|
|
(112 |
) |
|
|
|
|
192 |
| |||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2003 |
27,343 |
|
$ |
27 |
|
$ |
157,267 |
$ |
(85 |
) |
$ |
94,927 |
|
$ |
672 |
|
$ |
252,808 |
| |||||||||||
Three Months Ended March 31, 2002 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2001 |
26,873 |
|
$ |
27 |
|
$ |
155,969 |
$ |
(8,623 |
) |
$ |
128,952 |
|
$ |
2,652 |
|
$ |
278,977 |
| |||||||||||
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,690 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,690 |
|
|
2,690 |
| ||||||||
Unrealized loss on available- for-sale marketable securities, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6,152 |
) |
|
(6,152 |
) |
|
(6,152 |
) | ||||||||
Unrealized loss from hedging activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(185 |
) |
|
(185 |
) |
|
(185 |
) | ||||||||
Total comprehensive income |
$ |
(3,647 |
) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of Treasury Stock upon exercise of stock options by employees |
87 |
|
|
( |
* |
|
|
|
586 |
|
|
(157 |
) |
|
|
|
|
429 |
| |||||||||||
Issuance of Treasury Stock upon purchase of Common Stock under employee stock purchase plan by employees |
25 |
|
|
( |
* |
|
|
|
2,075 |
|
|
(1,229 |
) |
|
|
|
|
846 |
| |||||||||||
Balance at March 31, 2002 |
26,985 |
|
$ |
27 |
|
$ |
155,969 |
$ |
(5,962 |
) |
$ |
130,256 |
|
$ |
(3,685 |
) |
$ |
276,605 |
| |||||||||||
(* | Represents an amount lower than $1. |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
6
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2002
(UNAUDITED)
NOTE ABASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2003, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2003. For further information, reference is made to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of DSP Group, Inc. (the Company) for the year ended December 31, 2002.
Disposition of Assets and Combination with Parthus
On November 1, 2002, the Company contributed its DSP cores licensing business (the Separation) to Ceva, Inc., one of its then wholly-owned subsidiaries (Ceva). Immediately thereafter, Ceva affected a combination (the Combination) with Parthus Technologies plc (Parthus).
Under the terms of the Separation, the Company transferred the assets and liabilities of its DSP cores licensing business to Ceva in exchange for Ceva common stock. The Company immediately thereafter distributed all of the Ceva common stock it held to the Companys stockholders of record on October 31, 2002. Ceva then immediately affected the Combination whereby Ceva acquired Parthus and issued Ceva common stock to the former Parthus shareholders pursuant to a scheme of arrangement and the combined company was renamed ParthusCeva, Inc. (ParthusCeva). ParthusCevas common stock is quoted on the Nasdaq National Market and listed on the London Stock Exchange. As a result of the Separation and Combination, the Company distributed 9,041,851 shares of ParthusCevas common stock to its stockholders (representing 50.1% of ParthusCeva after the transactions), and ParthusCeva issued 8,998,887 shares of its common stock to the former Parthus shareholders (representing 49.9% of ParthusCeva after the transactions) and assumed options to purchase approximately 1,644,435 shares of ParthusCevas common stock based on Parthus options outstanding as of June 30, 2002. The relative ratio of shares distributed to the Companys stockholders and issued to the former Parthus shareholders, as well as the other material terms of the transactions, were determined pursuant to arms-length negotiations between the parties. Options to purchase common stock of the Company (the Common Stock) outstanding under the Companys stock option plans were also adjusted as of November 1, 2002 to reflect the distribution of assets to Ceva in connection with the Separation. In accounting for the Separation, the Company recorded in 2002 in its consolidated statements of changes in stockholders equity and consolidated statements of cash flows, an amount of $48,428,000 as a deemed dividend-in-kind to its stockholders, representing the carrying amount of its investment in Ceva. This dividend-in-kind consisted of a cash contribution to Ceva in the amount of $40,000,000 and a tax payment of $754,000 recorded in the Companys consolidated statements of cash flow and a non-cash contribution of prepaid offering expenses, inventory, property and equipment, net of assumed liabilities, in the amount of $7,674,000.
The Companys financial statements for prior periods, which included the DSP cores licensing business transferred to Ceva, have been reclassified to present the assets, liabilities, results of operations and cash flows of Ceva as discontinued operations in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment of Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (SFAS No. 144).
The discontinued operations presented for prior periods included allocations of certain of the Companys corporate headquarters assets, liabilities and expenses related to the DSP cores licensing business.
The net income from discontinued operations included the costs directly attributed to the DSP cores licensing business, including charges for shared facilities as well as functions and services used by the licensing business, costs related to research and development, and sales and marketing expenses. Certain costs and expenses have been allocated based on the managements estimates of the cost of services provided to the DSP cores licensing business.
7
During the three months ended March 31, 2003, the Company collected $2.0 million from customers of the DSP cores licensing business that was transferred to Ceva in November 2002, which is included under cash received from discontinued operations in the Companys condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. As of March 31, 2003, the remaining balance of receivables relating to the transferred DSP cores licensing business to be collected by the Company in future periods is $2.7 million.
NOTE BINVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined using the average cost method. The Company periodically evaluates the quantities on hand relative to current and historical selling prices and historical and projected sales volume. Based on these evaluations, provisions are made in each period to write inventory down to its net realizable value. Inventories are composed of the following (in thousands):
March 31, 2003 |
December 31, 2002 | |||||
Work-in-process |
$ |
2,867 |
$ |
955 | ||
Finished goods |
|
3,423 |
|
5,961 | ||
$ |
6,290 |
$ |
6,916 | |||
NOTE CNET EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic net earnings per share are computed based on the weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding during the period. For the same periods, diluted net earnings per share further include the effect of dilutive stock options outstanding during the period, all in accordance with SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net earnings per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Three months ended March 31, | ||||||
2003 |
2002 | |||||
Net income |
$ |
4,267 |
$ |
2,690 | ||
Earnings per share: |
||||||
Basic |
$ |
0.16 |
$ |
0.10 | ||
Diluted |
$ |
0.15 |
$ |
0.10 | ||
Net income from continuing operations |
$ |
4,267 |
$ |
2,175 | ||
Earnings per share from continuing operations: |
||||||
Basic |
$ |
0.16 |
$ |
0.08 | ||
Diluted |
$ |
0.15 |
$ |
0.08 | ||
Net income from discontinued operations |
$ |
|
$ |
515 | ||
Earnings per share from discontinued operations: |
||||||
Basic |
$ |
|
$ |
0.02 | ||
Diluted |
$ |
|
$ |
0.02 | ||
Weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding during the period used to compute basic net earnings per share (in thousands) |
|
27,324 |
|
26,951 | ||
Incremental shares attributable to exercise of outstanding options (assuming proceeds would be used to purchase Treasury Stock) (in thousands) |
|
1,104 |
|
1,108 | ||
Weighted average number of shares of Common Stock used to compute diluted net earnings per share (in thousands) |
|
28,428 |
|
28,059 | ||
8
NOTE DINVESTMENTS IN MARKETABLE SECURITIES
The following is a summary of the held-to-maturity securities (in thousands):
Amortized Cost |
Unrealized Gains |
Estimated Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2003 |
December 31, 2002 |
March 31, 2003 |
December 31, 2002 |
March 31, 2003 |
December 31, 2002 | |||||||||||||
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |
$ |
73,320 |
$ |
69,006 |
$ |
720 |
$ |
825 |
$ |
74,040 |
$ |
69,831 | ||||||
Corporate obligations |
|
129,242 |
|
127,057 |
|
3,031 |
|
2,836 |
|
132,273 |
|
129,893 | ||||||
$ |
202,562 |
$ |
196,063 |
$ |
3,751 |
$ |
3,661 |
$ |
206,313 |
$ |
199,724 | |||||||
The amortized cost of held-to-maturity debt and securities at March 31, 2003, by contractual maturities, are shown below (in thousands):
Amortized Cost |
Estimated Fair Value | |||||
Due in one year or less |
$ |
55,536 |
$ |
56,147 | ||
Due after one year |
|
147,026 |
|
150,166 | ||
$ |
202,562 |
$ |
206,313 | |||
NOTE EINCOME TAXES
The effective tax rate used in computing the provision for income taxes is based on projected fiscal year income before taxes, including estimated income by tax jurisdiction. The difference between the effective tax rate and the statutory rate is due primarily to foreign tax holiday and tax-exempt income in Israel.
NOTE FSIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS
The Company sells its products to customers primarily through a network of distributors and original equipment manufacturer (OEM) representatives. Revenues from the Companys largest distributor, Tomen Electronics, accounted for 78% and 69% of the Companys total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The Companys future performance will depend, in part, on this distributor to continue to successfully market and sell its products. Furthermore, Tomen Electronics sells the Companys products to a limited number of customers. One customer of Tomen Electronics, Panasonic, has continually accounted for a majority of Tomen Electronics sales. The loss of Tomen Electronics as a distributor and the Companys inability to obtain a satisfactory replacement in a timely manner may harm the Companys sales and results of operations. Additionally, the loss of Panasonic and Tomen Electronics inability to thereafter effectively market the Companys products could also harm its sales and results of operations.
NOTE GINVESTMENTS IN EQUITY SECURITIES OF TRADED COMPANIES
Investments in equity securities of traded companies are comprised of:
AudioCodes, Ltd.: AudioCodes, Ltd. (AudioCodes) is an Israeli corporation primarily engaged in the design, research and development, manufacturing and marketing of hardware and software products that enable simultaneous transmission of voice and data over networks. The Company currently owns approximately 4,500,000 shares of AudioCodes ordinary shares, which represent approximately 11% of its outstanding shares. As of April 1, 2001, the Company no longer maintains a representative on the AudioCodes Board of Directors, and was not involved in any way in AudioCodes policy-making processes. Therefore, after April 1, 2001, the Company did not have significant influence over the operating and financial policies of AudioCodes and thus ceased accounting for this investment under the equity method of accounting. As of April 1, 2001, the investment in AudioCodes was reclassified and accounted for as available-for-sale marketable securities in accordance with SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities (SFAS No. 115). At June 30, 2002, an evaluation by the Companys management indicated that the decline in value of AudioCodes ordinary shares was other than temporary in accordance with SAB No. 59, Accounting for Noncurrent Marketable Equity Securities (SAB No. 59). As a result, the Company recognized a loss in its investment in AudioCodes in the amount of $9,795,000, which was recorded as impairment of available-for-sale marketable securities in the consolidated statements of income for the year 2002.
9
The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2003 included an unrealized gain on available-for-sale marketable securities of $645,000, net of unrealized tax expenses of $378,000, in the investment in AudioCodes. As of March 31, 2003, and 2002, the fair market value of the Companys investment in AudioCodes was approximately $11,750,000 and $15,132,000, respectively.
Tomen Corporation: In September 2000, the Company invested approximately $485,000 (50.0 million Yen) in shares of its Japanese distributors parent company, Tomen Ltd. (Tomen), as part of a long strategic relationship. Tomens shares are traded on the Japanese stock exchange. The Company accounts for its investment in Tomen in accordance with SFAS No. 115 as available-for-sale marketable securities. At December 31, 2002, the evaluation by the Companys management indicated that the decline in value of Tomen stock was other than temporary in accordance with SAB No. 59. As a result, the Company recognized a loss in its investment in Tomen in the amount of $203,000, which was recorded as impairment of available-for-sale marketable securities in the consolidated statements of income for the year 2002.
As of March 31, 2003, and 2002, the fair market value of the Companys investment in Tomen was approximately $252,000 and $344,000, respectively. The condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2003 and 2002, included unrealized loss on available-for-sale marketable securities of $29,000 and $141,000, respectively.
Tower Semiconductor: Tower Semiconductor Ltd. (Tower) is an independent wafer manufacturer, strategically focused on advanced Flash memory and CMOS Image Sensor technologies. In January 2002, the Company invested in Tower common stock for a total consideration of $2,000,000, which was recorded at fair market value as available-for-sale marketable securities in accordance with SFAS No. 115. In June 2002, the Company sold 250,000 shares out of its holding in Towers common stock for $1,504,000 without any significant capital gain. At December 31, 2002, the evaluation by the Companys management indicated that the decline in value of Tower common stock was other than temporary in accordance with SAB No. 59. As a result, the Company recognized a loss in its investment in Tower in the amount of $231,000, which was recorded as impairment of available-for-sale marketable securities in the consolidated statements of income for the year 2002.
As of March 31, 2003, the fair market value of the Companys investment in Tower was approximately $229,000. The condensed consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2003 included unrealized loss on available-for-sale marketable securities of approximately $38,000.
NOTE HSHARE REPURCHASE
In February 2003, the Company repurchased 26,000 shares of Common Stock at an average purchase price of $14.96.
NOTE IDERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (SFAS No. 133), requires companies to recognize all of its derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial position at fair value.
For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge (i.e., hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk), the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The remaining gain or loss on the derivative instrument in excess of the cumulative change in the present value of future cash flows of the hedged item, if any, is recognized in current earnings during the period of change. For derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments, the gain or loss is recognized in current earnings during the period of change.
During the year, to protect against the increase in value of forecasted foreign currency cash flows resulting from salary payments to employees of the Companys Israeli subsidiary and from lease payments for our facilities in Israel, both denominated in New Israeli Shekel (NIS), the Company has a foreign currency cash flow hedging program. The Company hedges portions of the anticipated payroll of its Israeli subsidiary and lease payments for our facilities in Israel for a period of one to twelve months with forward contracts. These forward contracts are designated as cash flow hedges, as defined by SFAS No. 133, and are all effective as hedges of these expenses.
As of March 31, 2003 and 2002, the Company recorded a comprehensive income of $95,000 and a loss of $216,000, respectively, resulting from its forward contracts and put options with respect to anticipated payroll and lease payments expected during the next twelve months.
NOTE JCONTINGENCIES
10
The Company is involved in certain claims arising in the normal course of business, including claims that it may be infringing patent rights owned by third parties. The Company is unable to foresee the extent to which the claimants will pursue these matters or to predict with certainty the eventual outcome. However, the Company believes that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
From time to time, the Company may become involved in litigation relating to claims arising from its ordinary course of business activities. Also, as is typical in the semiconductor industry, the Company has been and may from time to time be notified of claims that it may be infringing patents or intellectual property rights owned by third parties. For example, AT&T has asserted that the Companys TrueSpeech algorithm includes certain elements covered by a patent held by AT&T. AT&T has sued Microsoft, one of the Companys TrueSpeech licensees, for infringement. The Company has not been named in the suit against Microsoft. The Company currently believes that there are no claims or actions pending or threatened against it, the ultimate disposition of which would have a material adverse effect on the Company.
NOTE KABORTED OFFERING EXPENSE AND OTHER
In the first quarter of 2002, the Company recorded two unusual expense items amounting to approximately $865,000. An expense of approximately $767,000 was recorded relating to the aborted offering expenses for an initial public offering of the Companys DSP cores licensing business, which did not occur. These expenses were comprised mainly of legal and accounting services rendered in 2001. Additionally, an expense of approximately $98,000 was recorded reflecting the write-off of all of the Companys investment in Messagebay, a private company that develops software.
NOTE LACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (APB No. 25) and Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 44, Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation (FIN No. 44). Under APB No. 25, when the exercise price of an employees options equals or is higher than the market price of the underlying Common Stock on the date of grant, no compensation expense is recognized. Under Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (SFAS No. 123), pro-forma information regarding net income and income per share is required, and has been determined as if the Company had accounted for its employee stock options under the fair value method of SFAS No. 123. The fair value of these options is amortized over their vesting period and estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes multiple option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions: risk-free interest rate of 1.5% for both 2003 and 2002; a dividend yield of 0.0% for each of those years; a volatility factor of the expected market price of the Common Stock of 0.44 for both 2003 and 2002; and a weighted-average expected life of the option of 2.9 years for both 2003 and 2002.
The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share, assuming that the Company had applied the fair value recognition provision of SFAS No. 123 on its stock-based employee compensation:
Three months ended March 31, |
|||||||
2003 |
2002 |
||||||
Net income as reported |
$ |
4,267 |
$ |
2,690 |
| ||
Deduct: Stock-based compensation expenses determined under fair value method for all awards, net of related tax effects: |
|
2,373 |
|
3,673 |
| ||
Pro forma net income (loss) |
$ |
1,894 |
$ |
(983 |
) | ||
Earnings (loss) per share: |
|||||||
Basic, as reported |
$ |
0.16 |
$ |
0.10 |
| ||
Basic, pro forma |
$ |
0.07 |
$ |
(0.04 |
) | ||
Diluted, as reported |
$ |
0.15 |
$ |
0.10 |
| ||
Diluted, pro forma |
$ |
0.07 |
$ |
(0.04 |
) | ||
Net income from continuing operations as reported |
$ |
4,267 |
$ |
2,175 |
| ||
Deduct: Stock-based compensation expenses related to continuing operations determined under fair value method for all awards, net of related tax effects: |
|
2,375 |
|
3,281 |
| ||
11
Three months ended March 31, |
|||||||
2003 |
2002 |
||||||
Pro forma net income (loss) from continuing operations |
$ |
1,894 |
$ |
(1,106 |
) | ||
Earnings (losses) per share from continuing operations: |
|||||||
Basic, as reported |
$ |
0.16 |
$ |
0.08 |
| ||
Basic, pro forma |
$ |
0.07 |
$ |
(0.04 |
) | ||
Diluted, as reported |
$ |
0.15 |
$ |
0.08 |
| ||
Diluted, pro forma |
$ |
0.07 |
$ |
(0.04 |
) | ||
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
The financial section of this Quarterly Report consists of the following managements discussion of our financial condition and results of operations, and the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements for the period ended March 31, 2003 and the related notes.
Our business model is relatively straightforward. We are a fabless semiconductor company. We develop, design, market and sell chip-sets that incorporate technologies such as DSP processors, communications technologies, highly advanced radio frequency (RF) devices and in-house developed VoIP hardware and software technologies, to residential telephone equipment manufacturers.
During recent years, we have become a worldwide leader in developing and marketing Total Telephony Solutions for a wide range of applications for wireless residential markets. The key factor that enabled us to grow our business over the previous years is our ability to combine and integrate our expertise in DSP cores technology with proprietary advanced RF devices and communications technologies and speech-processing algorithms. The integration and expansion of various capabilities, features and technologies allow us to better penetrate the residential wireless telephony markets and to take advantage of the three trends in the market: (1) the move from wired to wireless products, (2) the transformation from analog-based to digital-based technologies incorporated within the telephony products, and (3) the market acceptance of and change of bandwidth for the telephony products from 900MHz to 2.4GHz technologies. Our focus on the convergence of these three trends has allowed us to offer products with more features, and better range, security and voice quality, as well as, the ability in the future to integrate voice and data in the same device.
In the first quarter of 2003, we witnessed a continual growth in our revenues as well as a growth in our profitability and net income. The revenue growth for the first quarter of 2003, amounting to 37%, was driven mainly by new models of 2.4GHz products shipped by our OEM customers and the initial shipments of a new product with advanced technology that translates Caller ID Text into voice and enables Talking Caller ID functionality.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Revenues. Our revenues were $29.1 million for the first quarter of 2003, as compared to $21.1 million for the first quarter of 2002. The revenue increase of 37% in the first quarter of 2003, as compared to the same period in 2002, was primarily due to a strong demand, especially in Japan, for our 2.4 GHz products which were introduced in mid-2002. The growth was also driven by the initial shipments of a new product with advanced technology that translates Caller ID Text into voice and enables a Talker Caller ID functionality.
Export sales represented 99% of our product sales revenues for both the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002. All export sales are denominated in U.S. dollars.
Revenues from the 2.4GHz products represented 71% of our total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2003. We believe that sales of this product line will continue to represent a substantial percentage of our revenues in 2003.
Significant Customers. Revenues from one distributor, Tomen Electronics, accounted for 78% and 69% of our total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Furthermore, Tomen Electronics sells our products to a limited number of customers. One customer of Tomen Electronics, Panasonic, has continually accounted for a majority of Tomen Electronics sales. The loss of Tomen Electronics as a distributor and our inability to obtain a satisfactory replacement in a timely manner may harm our sales and results of operations. Additionally, the loss of Panasonic and Tomen Electronics inability to thereafter effectively market our products
12
could also harm our sales and results of operations.
Gross Profit. Gross profit as a percentage of total revenues increased to 42% in the first quarter of 2003 from 40% in the first quarter of 2002. The increase was mainly attributed to the initial shipments of our new 2.4GHz products, introduced in mid-2002, that have higher prices and higher margins. The increase in our gross margins in 2003 as compared to 2002 was also attributed to our ability to offset the continued decline in the average selling prices of our products with a greater reduction in manufacturing costs, due to technological improvements and continuing improvements in our yield percentages, especially in our RF products, as well as the integration of more semiconductor content in a single system. However, there is no guarantee that our ongoing efforts in cost reduction will be successful or that they will keep pace with the anticipated continued decline in average selling prices of our Integrated Digital Telephony (IDT) processors.
Research and Development Expenses. Our research and development expenses increased to $5.1 million in the first quarter of 2003 from $4.9 million in the first quarter of 2002. The increase was primarily attributed to higher levels of salary and subcontracting expenses mainly due to greater number of research and development projects and the introduction of new products. Our research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenues were 18% for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 23% for the three months ended March 31, 2002. This decrease in research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenues was mainly due to a 37% increase in revenues. Research and development expenses consisted mainly of payroll expenses to employees involved in research and development activities, expenses related to tape-out and mask work, subcontracting and engineering expenses, depreciation and maintenance fees related to equipment and software tools involved with the development work and associated facilities expenses.
Sales and Marketing Expenses. Our sales and marketing expenses increased to $2.3 million in the first quarter of 2003 from $1.9 million in the first quarter of 2002. This increase was attributed mainly to higher sales commissions paid to our representatives and distributors due to the higher levels of revenues for the first quarter of 2003. Our sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues were 8% for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 9% for the three months ended March 31, 2002. This slight decrease in sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues was mainly due to a 37% increase in total revenues for the first quarter of 2003 as compared to the first quarter of 2002. Sales and marketing expenses consisted mainly of sales commissions to our representatives and distributors, payroll expenses to direct sales and marketing employees, trade show expenses and associated facilities expenses.
General and Administrative Expenses. Our general and administrative expenses were $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2002. The increase was attributed mainly to the fact that we allocated a portion of our general and administrative expenses incurred in the first quarter of 2002 that related to the DSP cores licensing business to the operations of that business which, in anticipation of the transfer of that business to Ceva, Inc., were included under discontinued operations in our financial statements for the first quarter of 2002. General and administrative expenses in the first quarter of 2003 as a percentage of total revenues increased slightly to 5%, as compared to 4% in the first quarter of 2002. The slight increase was mainly due to the increase in general and administrative expenses partly offset a 37% increase in total revenues for the first quarter of 2003 as compared to the first quarter of 2002. General and administrative expenses consisted mainly of payroll for management and administrative employees, expenses related to investor relations, accounting and legal costs, as well as associated facilities expenses.
Unusual items. In the first quarter of 2002, we recorded two unusual expense items amounting to approximately $865,000. An expense of approximately $767,000 was recorded relating to the planning for an initial public offering of our DSP cores licensing business, which did not occur. These expenses were comprised mainly of legal and accounting services rendered in 2001. Additionally, an expense of approximately $98,000 was recorded reflecting the write-off of all of our investment in Messagebay, a private company that develops software.
Interest and Other Income (Expense). Interest and other income and interest and other expenses, net, for the three months ended March 31, 2003 decreased to $1.9 million from $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2002. The decrease was primarily due to the overall lower market interest rates during the three months ended March 31, 2003 and to our lower levels of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities due to the distribution of $40 million to Ceva as part of the separation and distribution of assets.
Provision for Income Taxes. Our income tax expenses were $874,000 and $313,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The provision for income taxes as a percentage of income before taxes was 17% and 12.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The increase in percentage was mainly a result of a one-time expense in 2002 related to the planning for an initial public offering of our DSP cores licensing business, which did not occur, that created a tax benefit in a high rate tax jurisdiction.
DSP Group Ltd., our Israeli subsidiary, was granted Approved Enterprise status by the Israeli government with respect to six separate investment plans. Approved Enterprise status allows for a tax holiday for a period of two to four years and a reduced corporate tax rate of
13
10%-25% for an additional six or eight years, on each investment plans proportionate share of taxable income. The tax benefits under these investment plans are scheduled to expire starting 2005 through to 2013.
Discontinued Operations. On April 4, 2002, we entered into a combination agreement with Ceva and Parthus Technologies plc pursuant to which we agreed to affect a combination of Ceva with Parthus. On November 1, 2002, we contributed our DSP cores licensing business and the operations and related assets and liabilities of such business to Ceva and distributed all of the Ceva common stock we held to our stockholders. Immediately afterwards, Parthus was combined with Ceva in exchange for the issuance of additional shares of Ceva common stock. The new combined company was renamed ParthusCeva, Inc.
Our financial statements for previous periods included the DSP cores licensing business that was transferred to Ceva. In anticipation of the consummation of the transfer of the licensing business and the combination of Ceva with Parthus, as of June 30, 2002, we began to report the statements of income of our DSP cores licensing business as discontinued operations. The assets, liabilities, results of operations and cash flows of the DSP cores licensing business were carved out from our financial statements and are presented as discontinued operations. Our financial statements for the all-previous periods, including the first quarter of 2002, are presented to reflect the operations of the DSP cores licensing business that was transferred to Ceva as discontinued operations. The consolidated financial statements have been carved out using the historical basis of the assets and liabilities and historical results of operations related to the DSP cores licensing business. Additionally, the discontinued operations for previous periods included allocations of certain of our corporate headquarters assets, liabilities and expenses related to the DSP cores licensing business.
The net income from discontinued operations includes costs directly attributed to the DSP cores licensing business. Such costs included charges for shared facilities and functions and services used by the DSP cores licensing business, costs related to research and development, and sales and marketing expenses. The allocation of such costs were based on either a direct cost pass-through or a percentage of total costs for the services provided based on factors such as headcount or the specific level of activity directly related to such costs.
Net income from discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2002 was $515,000.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Operating Activities. We have generated $2.6 million of cash from our operating activities during both the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002. Our higher net income in the three months ended March 31, 2003 was offset by the increase in accounts receivables during the same period compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002.
Investing Activities. We invest excess cash in marketable securities of varying maturity, depending on our projected cash needs for operations, capital expenditures and other business purposes. During the first three months of 2003, we purchased $37.6 million of investments classified as held-to-maturity marketable securities, as compared to $30.0 million during the first three months of 2002. During the same periods, $30.1 million and $17.9 million, respectively, of investments classified as held-to-maturity marketable securities matured.
Our capital equipment purchases for the first three months of 2003, consisting primarily of research and development software and computers, totaled $618,000, as compared to $325,000 for the first three months of 2002. In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2002, we invested $2.0 million in an independent wafer manufacturer company, Tower Semiconductor Ltd., and the investment was recorded as available-for-sale marketable securities in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 115 Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities.
During the three months ended March 31, 2003, we collected $2.1 million from customers of the DSP cores licensing business that was transferred to Ceva in November 2002, which was included under cash received from discontinued operations in our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. As of March 31, 2003, our remaining balance of receivables relating to the transferred DSP cores licensing business to be collected in future periods is $2.7 million. The condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2002 included cash distributed to discontinued operations in the amount of $254,000. This amount represented the net cash transferred to the DSP cores licensing business during that period and mainly comprised of salaries and bonus payments made in the first quarter of 2002.
Financing Activities. During the three months ended March 31, 2003, we received $1.0 million upon the exercise of employee stock options and through purchases pursuant to our employee stock purchase plan, as compared to $1.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2002.
14
During the three months ended March 31, 2003, as authorized by our share repurchase program, we repurchased approximately 26,000 shares of our Common Stock at an average purchase price of $14.96 per share for a total aggregate amount of approximately $389,000.
At March 31, 2003, our principal source of liquidity consisted of cash and cash equivalent totaling approximately $37.1 million and marketable securities of approximately $202.6 million. Our working capital at March 31, 2003 was approximately $85.2 million.
We believe that our current cash, cash equivalents, cash deposits and marketable securities will be sufficient to meet our cash requirements for at least the next twelve months.
In addition, as part of our business strategy, we occasionally evaluate potential acquisitions of businesses, products and technologies. Accordingly, a portion of our available cash may be used at any time for the acquisition of complementary products or businesses. Such potential transactions may require substantial capital resources, which may require us to seek additional debt or equity financing. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully identify suitable acquisition candidates, complete acquisitions, integrate acquired businesses into our current operations, or expand into new markets. Furthermore, we cannot assure you that additional financing will be available to us in any required time frame on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. See Factors Affecting Future Operating ResultsWe may engage in future acquisitions that could dilute our stockholders equity and harm our business, results of operations and financial condition. for more detailed information.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Interest Rate Risk. It is our policy not to enter into interest rate derivative financial instruments, except for hedging of foreign currency exposures discussed below. We do not currently have any significant interest rate exposure since we do not have any financial obligation and our financial assets are measured on a held-to-maturity basis.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk. As a significant part of our sales and expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars, we have experienced only insignificant foreign exchange gains and losses to date, and do not expect to incur significant gains and losses in 2003. However, due to the volatility in the exchange rate of the New Israeli Shekel (NIS) versus the U.S. dollar, we decided to hedge part of the risk of a devaluation of the NIS, which could have an adverse effect on the expenses that we incur in the State of Israel. For example, during the year, to protect against the increase in value of forecasted foreign currency cash flows resulting from salary payments to employees of our Israeli subsidiary and from lease payments for our facilities in Israel, which are denominated in NIS, we have a foreign currency cash flow hedging program.
These option contracts are designated as cash flow hedges, as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, and are all effective as hedges of these expenses.
As of March 31, 2003 and 2002, we recorded a comprehensive income of $95,000 and loss of $216,000, respectively, resulting from our forward contracts and put options with respect to anticipated payroll and lease payments denominated in NIS during the next twelve months.
FACTORS AFFECTING FUTURE OPERATING RESULTS
This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements concerning our future products, expenses, revenue, liquidity and cash needs as well as our plans and strategies. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and we assume no obligation to update this information. Numerous factors could cause our actual results to differ significantly from the results described in these forward-looking statements, including the following risk factors.
We rely on a primary distributor for significant portion of our total revenues and the failure of this distributor to perform as expected would materially reduce our future sales and revenues.
We sell our products to customers primarily through a network of distributors and original equipment manufacturer (OEM) representatives. Particularly, revenues from our Japanese distributor, Tomen Electronics, accounted for 78% of our total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2003. Our future performance will depend, in part, on this distributor to continue to successfully market and sell our products. Furthermore, Tomen Electronics sells our products to a limited number of customers. One customer of Tomen Electronics, Panasonic, has continually accounted for a majority of Tomen Electronics sales. The loss of Tomen Electronics as our distributor and our inability to obtain a satisfactory replacement in a timely manner will materially harm our sales and results of
15
operations. Additionally, the loss of Panasonic and Tomen Electronics inability to thereafter effectively market our products could also materially harm our sales and results of operations.
Because our products are components of end products, if OEMs do not incorporate our products into their end products or if the end products of our OEM customers do not achieve market acceptance, we may not be able to generate adequate sales of our products.
Our products are not sold directly to the end-user; rather, they are components of end products. As a result, we rely upon OEMs to incorporate our products into their end products at the design stage. Once an OEM designs a competitors product into its end product, it becomes significantly more difficult for us to sell our products to that customer because changing suppliers involves significant cost, time, effort and risk for the customer. As a result, we may incur significant expenditures on the development of a new product without any assurance that an OEM will select our product for design into its own product and without this design win, it becomes significantly difficult to sell our products. Moreover, even after an OEM agrees to design our products into its end products, the design cycle is long and may be delayed due to factors outside of our control which may result in the end product incorporating our products not to reach the market until long after the initial design win with the OEM. Furthermore, we rely on the end products of our OEM customers that incorporate our products to achieve market acceptance. Many of our OEM customers face intense competition in their markets. If end products that incorporate our products are not accepted in the marketplace, we may not achieve adequate sales volume of our products, which would have a negative effect on our results of operations.
The continuing worldwide economic slowdown and related uncertainties may adversely impact our revenues and profitability.
Slower economic activity, decreased consumer confidence, reduced corporate profits and capital spending, adverse business conditions and liquidity concerns in the telecommunications, semiconductor and related industries, and recent international conflicts and terrorist and military activity have resulted in a continuing downturn in worldwide economic conditions. If these unfavorable economic conditions continue, we may experience a slowdown in customer orders, an increase in the number of cancellations and rescheduling of backlog. We cannot predict the timing, strength and duration of any economic recovery in the telecommunications and semiconductor industry. In addition, the events of September 11, 2001, subsequent international conflicts and terrorist acts, new developments with the Iraqi conflict and the SARS epidemic can be expected to place further pressure on economic conditions in the United States and worldwide. These conditions make it difficult for our customers, our vendors and for us to accurately forecast and plan future business activities. If such conditions continue or worsen, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
We generate a significant amount of our total revenues from the sale of Integrated Digital Telephony (IDT) products and our business and operating results may be materially adversely affected if we do not continue to succeed in the highly competitive IDT market.
Sales of our Integrated Digital Telephony (IDT) products comprised 91% of our total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2003. Specifically, sales of our 2.4GHz products comprised 71% of our total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2003, and we expect that our 2.4GHz products will continue to account for a substantial portion of our revenues in 2003. As a result, any adverse change in the IDT market or in our ability to compete and maintain our competitive position in that market would harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. The IDT market is extremely competitive and we expect that competition will only increase. Our existing and potential competitors in each of our markets include large and emerging domestic and foreign companies, many of which have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing, sale and distribution resources and management expertise than we do. We have and will continue to face competition from products that may be equivalent or superior to our own products or that the market perceives to be more attractive. Also, it is possible that we may one day be unable to respond to increased price competition for IDT processors or other products through the introduction of new products or reduction of manufacturing costs. This inability would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Likewise, any significant delays by us in developing, manufacturing or shipping new or enhanced products in this market also would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Because our quarterly operating results may fluctuate significantly, the price of our common stock may decline.
Our quarterly results of operations may vary significantly in the future for a variety of reasons, many of which are outside our control, including the following:
| fluctuations in volume and timing of product orders; |
16
| changes in demand for our products due to seasonal customer buying patterns and other factors; |
| timing of new product introductions by us or our customers, licensees or competitors; |
| changes in the mix of products sold by us or our competitors; |
| fluctuations in the level of sales by original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and other vendors of products incorporating our products; and |
| general economic conditions, including the changing economic conditions in the United States. |
Each of the above factors is difficult to forecast and could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. Also, we sell our products to OEM customers that operate in consumer markets. As a result, our revenues are affected by seasonality sales to our OEM customers and the market acceptance of end products supplied by our OEM customers. The fourth quarter is usually the strongest quarter for sales by our OEM customers in the consumer markets, and thus, our third quarter is usually the strongest quarter for revenues.
Our average selling prices continue to decline which may materially adversely affect our profitability.
Sales of our Integrated Digital Telephony (IDT) products comprised 91% of our total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2003. We have experienced and continue to experience a decrease in the average selling prices of our IDT processors, which we have to date been able to partially offset on an annual basis through manufacturing cost reductions by achieving a higher level of product integration and improving our yield percentages. However, there is no guarantee that our ongoing efforts will be successful or that they will keep pace with the anticipated, continued decline in average selling prices of our IDT processors.
Because we depend on independent foundries to manufacture all of our integrated circuit products, we are subject to additional risks that may materially disrupt our business.
All of our integrated circuit products are manufactured by independent foundries. While these foundries have been able to adequately meet the demands of our increasing business, we are and will continue to be dependent upon these foundries to achieve acceptable manufacturing yields, quality levels and costs, and to allocate to us a sufficient portion of their foundry capacity to meet our needs in a timely manner. We currently do not have long-term supply arrangements with any of these foundries. Therefore, they are not obligated to perform services or supply products to us for any specific period or in any specific quantities. Our business could also be harmed if one or more of the foundries terminates its relationship with us and we are unable to obtain satisfactory replacements to fulfill customer orders on a timely basis and in a cost-effective manner.
To meet our increased wafer requirements, we have added additional manufacturing sites to manufacture our processors. However, there may be shortages in worldwide foundry capacity due to increases in semiconductor demand or other factors. In the event of such a shortage, we may not be able to obtain a sufficient allocation of foundry capacity to meet our product needs. In addition, such a shortage could lengthen our products manufacturing cycle and cause a delay in the shipments of our products to our customers. This could ultimately lead to a loss of sales of our products, harm our reputation and competitive position, and our revenues could be materially reduced. In addition, foundries in Taiwan produce a significant portion of our wafers. As a result, earthquakes, aftershocks or other natural disasters in Asia, could preclude us from obtaining an adequate supply of wafers to fill customer orders and could harm our reputation, business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Because the manufacture of our products is complex, the foundries on which we depend may not achieve the necessary yields or product reliability that our business requires.
The manufacture of our products is a highly complex and precise process, requiring production in a highly controlled environment. Changes in manufacturing processes or the inadvertent use of defective or contaminated materials by a foundry could adversely affect the foundrys ability to achieve acceptable manufacturing yields and product reliability. If the foundries we currently use do not achieve the necessary yields or product reliability, our customer relationships could suffer. This could ultimately lead to a loss of sales of our products and have a negative effect on our results of operations.
Furthermore, there are other significant risks associated with relying on these third-party foundries, including:
17
| risks due to the fact that we have reduced control over production cost, delivery schedules and product quality; |
| less recourse if problems occur as the warranties on wafers or products supplied to us are limited; and |
| increased exposure to potential misappropriation of our intellectual property. |
Because we have significant international operations, we may be subject to political, economic and other conditions relating to our international operations that could increase our operating expenses and disrupt our business.
We are dependent on sales to customers outside the United States. We expect that international sales will continue to account for a significant portion of our net product sales for the foreseeable future. For example, export sales, primarily consisting of IDT speech processors shipped to manufacturers in Europe and Asia, including Japan, represented 99% of our total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2003. As a result, the occurrence of any negative international political, economic or geographic events could result in significant revenue shortfalls. These shortfalls could cause our business, financial condition and results of operations to be harmed. Some of the risks of doing business internationally include:
| unexpected changes in regulatory requirements; |
| fluctuations in the exchange rate for the United States dollar; |
| imposition of tariffs and other barriers and restrictions; |
| burdens of complying with a variety of foreign laws; |
| political and economic instability; and |
| changes in diplomatic and trade relationships. |
Because we have significant operations Israel, we may be subject to political, economic and other conditions affecting Israel that could increase our operating expenses and disrupt our business.
Our principal research and development facilities are located in the State of Israel and, as a result, at March 31, 2003, 114 of our 157 employees were located in Israel, including 67 out of 89 of our research and development personnel. In addition, although we were incorporated in Delaware, a majority of our directors and executive officers are residents of Israel. Although substantially all of our sales currently are being made to customers outside of Israel, we are nonetheless directly influenced by the political, economic and military conditions affecting Israel. Any major hostilities involving Israel, or the interruption or curtailment of trade between Israel and its present trading partners, could significantly harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Israels economy has been subject to numerous destabilizing factors, including a period of rampant inflation in the early to mid-1980s, low foreign exchange reserves, fluctuations in world commodity prices, military conflicts and civil unrest. In addition, Israel and companies doing business with Israel have been the subject of an economic boycott by the Arab countries since Israels establishment. Although they have not done so to date, these restrictive laws and policies may have an adverse impact on our operating results, financial condition or expansion of our business.
Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a state of hostility has existed, varying in degree and intensity, between Israel and the Arab countries. Although Israel has entered into various agreements with certain Arab countries and the Palestinian Authority, and various declarations have been signed in connection with efforts to resolve some of the economic and political problems in the Middle East, hostilities between Israel and some of its Arab neighbors have recently escalated and intensified. We cannot predict whether or in what manner these conflicts will be resolved. Our results of operations may be negatively affected by the obligation of key personnel to perform military service. In addition, certain of our officers and employees are currently obligated to perform annual reserve duty in the Israel Defense Forces and are subject to being called for active military duty at any time. Although we have operated effectively under these requirements since our inception, we cannot predict the effect of these obligations on the company in the future. Our operations could be disrupted by the absence, for a significant period, of one or more of our officers or key employees due to military service.
Our future profits may be diminished if the current Israeli tax benefits that we enjoy are reduced or withheld.
18
We receive certain tax benefits in Israel, particularly as a result of the Approved Enterprise status of our facilities and programs. To be eligible for tax benefits, we must meet certain conditions, relating principally to adherence to the investment program filed with the Investment Center of the Israeli Ministry of Industry and Trade and to periodic reporting obligations. Although we have met such conditions in the past, should we fail to meet such conditions in the future, we would be subject to corporate tax in Israel at the standard rate of 36%, and could be required to refund tax benefits already received. We cannot assure you that such grants and tax benefits will be continued in the future at their current levels, if at all. The termination or reduction of certain programs and tax benefits (particularly benefits available to us as a result of the Approved Enterprise status of our facilities and programs) or a requirement to refund tax benefits already received may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
Our failure, and the failure of our OEM customers, to obtain the necessary complementary components required to produce various products could diminish the sales of our products.
Our IDT speech processor products require an external component in the finished product to provide Analog Random Access Memory circuits (ARAMs) and flash memory which are supplied by third party manufacturers. Temporary fluctuations in the pricing and availability of these components could negatively impact sales of our IDT speech processors, which could in turn harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, some of the raw materials, components and subassemblies included in the end products manufactured by our OEM customers, who also incorporate our products, are obtained from a limited group of suppliers. Supply disruptions, shortages or termination of any of these sources could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations due to the delay or discontinuance of orders for our products by our OEM customers until those necessary components are available for their end products.
We may engage in future acquisitions that could dilute our stockholders equity and harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We have pursued, and will continue to pursue, growth opportunities through internal development and acquisition of complementary businesses, products and technologies. We are unable to predict whether or when any other prospective acquisition will be completed. The process of integrating an acquired business may be prolonged due to unforeseen difficulties and may require a disproportionate amount of our resources and managements attention. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully identify suitable acquisition candidates, complete acquisitions, integrate acquired businesses into our current operations, or expand into new markets. Further, once integrated, acquisitions may not achieve comparable levels of revenues, profitability or productivity as our existing business or otherwise perform as expected. The occurrence of any of these events could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations. Future acquisitions may require substantial capital resources, which may require us to seek additional debt or equity financing.
Future acquisitions by us could result in the following, any of which could seriously harm our results of operations or the price of our stock:
| issuance of equity securities that would dilute our current stockholders percentages of ownership; |
| large one-time write-offs; |
| the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities; |
| difficulties in the assimilation and integration of operations, personnel, technologies, products and information systems of the acquired companies; |
| diversion of managements attention from other business concerns; |
| contractual disputes; |
| risks of entering geographic and business markets in which we have no or only limited prior experience; and |
| potential loss of key employees of acquired organizations. |
19
Third party claims of infringement or other claims against us could adversely affect our ability to market our products, require us to redesign our products or seek licenses from third parties, and seriously harm our operating results and disrupt our business.
As is typical in the semiconductor industry, we have been and may from time to time be notified of claims that we may be infringing patents or intellectual property rights owned by third parties. For example, in a lawsuit against Microsoft Corporation, AT&T has asserted that our TrueSpeech algorithm includes certain elements covered by a patent held by AT&T. AT&T has sued Microsoft, one of our TrueSpeech licensees, for infringement. If litigation becomes necessary to determine the validity of any third party claims, it could result in significant expense to us and could divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel, whether or not the litigation is determined in our favor.
If it appears necessary or desirable, we may try to obtain licenses for those patents or intellectual property rights that we are allegedly infringing. Although holders of these types of intellectual property rights commonly offer these licenses, we cannot assure you that licenses will be offered or that the terms of any offered licenses will be acceptable to us. Our failure to obtain a license for key intellectual property rights from a third party for technology used by us could cause us to incur substantial liabilities and to suspend the manufacturing of products utilizing the technology.
Alternatively, we could be required to expend significant resources to develop non-infringing technology. We cannot assure you that we would be successful in developing non-infringing technology.
We may not be able to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, which could harm our competitive position.
Our success and ability to compete is in part dependent upon our internally-developed technology and other proprietary rights, which we protect through a combination of copyright, trademark and trade secret laws, as well as through confidentiality agreements and licensing arrangements with our customers, suppliers, employees and consultants. In addition, we have filed a number of patents in the United States and in other foreign countries with respect to new or improved technology that we have developed. However, the status of any patent involves complex legal and factual questions, and the breadth of claims allowed is uncertain. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that any patent application filed by us will result in a patent being issued, or that the patents issued to us will not be infringed by others. Also, our competitors and potential competitors may develop products with similar technology or functionality as our products, or they may attempt to copy or reverse engineer aspects of our product line or to obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. Moreover, the laws of certain countries in which our products are or may be developed, manufactured or sold, including Hong Kong, Japan and Taiwan, may not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Policing the unauthorized use of our products is difficult and may result in significant expense to us and could divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel. Even if we spend significant resources and efforts to protect our intellectual property, we cannot assure you that we will be able to prevent misappropriation of our technology. Use by others of our proprietary rights could materially harm our business and expensive litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights.
Our operating results may fluctuate significantly due to the cyclicality of the semiconductor industry, which could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
We operate in the semiconductor industry, which is cyclical and subject to rapid technological change and evolving industry standards. From time to time, the semiconductor industry has experienced significant downturns such as the current one. These downturns are characterized by diminished product demand, excess customer inventories, accelerated erosion of prices and excess production capacity. These factors could cause substantial fluctuations in our revenues and in our results of operations. The current downturn and future downturns in the semiconductor industry may be severe and prolonged, and any failure of this industry to fully recover from the current downturn could seriously impact our revenue and harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. The semiconductor industry also periodically experiences increased demand and production capacity constraints, which may affect our ability to ship products in future periods. Our quarterly results may vary significantly as a result of the general conditions in the semiconductor industry, which could cause our stock price to decline.
Because the markets in which we compete are highly competitive, and many of our competitors have greater resources than we do, we cannot be certain that our products will be accepted in the marketplace or capture market share.
The markets in which we operate are extremely competitive and characterized by rapid technological change, evolving standards, short product life cycles and price erosion. We expect competition to intensify as current competitors expand their product offerings and new competitors enter the market. Given the highly competitive environment in which we operate, we cannot be sure that any competitive advantages enjoyed by our current products would be sufficient to establish and sustain our new products in the
20
market. Any increase in price or competition could result in the erosion of our market share, to the extent we have obtained market share, and would have a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
In each of our business activities, we face current and potential competition from competitors that have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing, sales and distribution resources and management expertise than we do. These competitors may also have pre-existing relationships with our customers or potential customers. Further, in the event of a manufacturing capacity shortage, these competitors may be able to manufacture products when we are unable to do so. Our principal competitors in the cordless market include National Semiconductor, Philips and Infineon. Our principal competitors in the Voice-over-Packet market include Telogy Network (a Texas Instruments Company), GlobalVirata, AudioCodes, Texas Instruments, Broadcom, Infineon and Oki Electronic. Our principal competitors with respect to digital speech compression technologies include AT&T and Motorola.
We cannot be sure that we will have the financial resources, technical expertise or marketing and support capabilities to continue to compete successfully. Our future prospects will depend greatly on our ability to successfully develop and introduce new products that are responsive to market demands. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully develop or market new products.
Because our products are complex, the detection of errors in our products may be delayed, and if we deliver products with defects, our credibility will be harmed, the sales and market acceptance of our products may decrease and product liability claims may be made against us.
Our products are complex and may contain errors, defects and bugs when introduced. If we deliver products with errors, defects or bugs, our credibility and the market acceptance and sales of our products could be significantly harmed. Furthermore, the nature of our products may also delay the detection of any such error or defect. If our products contain errors, defects and bugs, then we may be required to expend significant capital and resources to alleviate these problems. This could result in the diversion of technical and other resources from our other development efforts. Any actual or perceived problems or delays may also adversely affect our ability to attract or retain customers. Furthermore, the existence of any defects, errors or failures in our products could lead to product liability claims or lawsuits against us or against our customers. We generally provide our customers with a standard warranty for our products, generally lasting one year from the date of purchase. Although we attempt to limit our liability for product defects to product replacements, we may not be successful, and customers may sue us or claim liability for the defective products. A successful product liability claim could result in substantial cost and divert managements attention and resources, which would have a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
Our executive officers and key personnel are critical to our business, and because there is significant competition for personnel in our industry, we may not be able to attract and retain such qualified personnel.
Our success depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions of our executive management team, and our technical, marketing, sales customer support and product development personnel. The loss of significant numbers of such personnel could significantly harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. We do not have any life insurance or other insurance covering the loss of any of our key employees. Because our products are specialized and complex, our success depends upon our ability to attract, train and retain qualified personnel, including qualified technical, marketing and sales personnel. However, the competition for personnel is intense and we may have difficulty attracting and retaining such personnel.
We are exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange rates.
A significant portion of our business is conducted outside the United States. Export sales to manufacturers in Europe and Asia, including Japan, represented 99% of our total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2003. Although most of our revenue and expenses are transacted in U.S. dollars, we may be exposed to currency exchange fluctuations in the future as business practices evolve and we are forced to transact business in local currencies. Moreover, part of our expenses in Israel are paid in Israeli currency, which subjects us to the risks of foreign currency fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the New Israeli Shekel (NIS) and to economic pressures resulting from Israels general rate of inflation. Our primary expenses paid in NIS are employee salaries and lease payments on our facilities in Israel. As a result, an increase in the value of Israeli currency in comparison to the U.S. dollar could increase the cost of our technology development, research and development expenses and general and administrative expenses. From time to time, we use derivative instruments in order to minimize the effects of currency fluctuations, but our hedging positions may be partial, may not exist at all in the future or may not succeed in minimizing our foreign currency fluctuation risks.
21
Because the markets in which we compete are subject to rapid changes, our products may become obsolete or unmarketable.
The markets for our products and services are characterized by rapidly changing technology, short product life cycles, evolving industry standards, changes in customer needs, demand for higher levels of integration, growing competition and new product introductions. Our ability to adapt to these changes and to anticipate future standards, and the rate of adoption and acceptance of those standards, will be a significant factor in maintaining or improving our competitive position and prospects for growth. If new industry standards emerge, our products or our customers products could become unmarketable or obsolete, and we could lose market share. We may also have to incur substantial unanticipated costs to comply with these new standards. If our product development and improvements take longer than planned, the availability of our products would be delayed. Any such delay may render our products obsolete or unmarketable, which would have a negative impact on our ability to sell our products and our results of operations.
Because of changing customer requirements and emerging industry standards, we may not be able to achieve broad market acceptance of our products. Our success is dependent, in part, on our ability to:
| successfully develop, introduce and market new and enhanced products at competitive prices and in a timely manner in order to meet changing customer needs; |
| convince leading OEMs to select our new and enhanced products for design into their own new products; |
| respond effectively to new technological changes or new product announcements by others; |
| effectively use and offer leading technologies; and |
| maintain close working relationships with our key customers. |
We cannot be sure that we will be successful in these pursuits, that the growth in demand will continue or that our products will achieve market acceptance. Our failure to develop and introduce new products that are compatible with industry standards and that satisfy customer requirements, and the failure of our products to achieve broad market acceptance, could have a negative impact on our ability to sell our products and our results of operations.
We may experience difficulties in transitioning to smaller geometry process technologies or in achieving higher levels of design integration, which may result in reduced manufacturing yields, delays in product deliveries and increased expenses.
A growing trend in our industry is the integration of greater semiconductor content into a single chip to achieve higher levels of functionality. In order to remain competitive, we must achieve higher levels of design integration and deliver new integrated products on a timely basis. We will require us to expend greater research and development resources, and may be required to modify the manufacturing processes for some of our products, to achieve greater integration. We periodically evaluate the benefits, on a product-by-product basis, of migrating to smaller geometry process technologies to reduce our costs. Although this migration to smaller geometry process technologies has helped us to offset the declining average selling prices of our IDT products, this effort may not continue to be successful. Also, because we are a fabless semiconductor company, we depend on our foundries to transition to smaller geometry processes successfully. We cannot assure you that our foundries will be able to effectively manage the transition. If our foundries or we experience significant delays in this transition or fail to efficiently implement this transition, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain anti-takeover provisions that could prevent or discourage a third party from acquiring us.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that may prevent or discourage a third party from acquiring us, even if the acquisition would be beneficial to our stockholders. We have a staggered board, which means it will generally take two years to change the composition of our board. Our board of directors also has the authority to fix the rights and preferences of shares of our preferred stock and to issue such shares without a stockholder vote. We also have a rights plan in place. It is possible that these provisions may prevent or discourage third parties from acquiring us, even if the acquisition would be beneficial to our stockholders. In addition, these factors may also adversely affect the market price of our common stock, and the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock.
22
New developments related to the Iraqi conflict and future terrorist attacks may negatively impact all aspects of our operations, revenues, costs and stock price.
New developments related to the Iraqi conflict and future events occurring in response to or in connection with them, including future terrorist attacks against United States targets, or military or trade disruptions impacting our domestic or foreign suppliers of merchandise, may impact our operations. We may experience delays or losses in the delivery of wafer supplies to us and decreased sales of our products. More generally, any of these events could cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease or result in increased volatility in the United States and worldwide financial markets and economy. They also could result in economic recession in the United States or abroad. Any of these occurrences could have a significant impact on our operating results, revenues and costs.
Our stock price may be volatile so you may not be able to resell your shares of our common stock at or above the price you paid for them.
Announcements of developments related to our business, announcements by competitors, quarterly fluctuations in our financial results, changes in the general conditions of the highly dynamic industry in which we compete or the national economies in which we do business, and other factors could cause the price of our common stock to fluctuate, perhaps substantially. In addition, in recent years, the stock market has experienced extreme price fluctuations, which have often been unrelated to the operating performance of affected companies. These factors and fluctuations could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.
ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK |
See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsQuantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
Within the 90-days prior to the filing of this quarterly report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in timely alerting them to material information required to be included in this quarterly report.
There have been no significant changes in our internal controls or in other factors which could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to our most recent evaluation of our internal controls.
It should be noted that the design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote.
ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K |
(a) | Exhibits. |
(1) | Exhibit 10.33. Agreement, dated March 5, 2003, between DSP Group, Ltd. and The Gav-Yam Real Estate Company Ltd., relating to the property located on Shenkar Street, Herzliya Pituach, Israel |
(b) | Reports on Form 8-K. |
(1) | The Company filed on January 13, 2003 an Amendment No. 1 to Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 12, 2002 to include required pro forma financial information of the Company in connection with the combination of Ceva, Inc. with Parthus Technologies plc. |
23
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
DSP GROUP, INC. | ||||||
Date: May 9, 2003 |
By: |
/s/ MOSHE ZELNIK | ||||
Moshe Zelnik, |
24
I, Eliyahu Ayalon, certify that:
1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of DSP Group, Inc.; |
2. | Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report; |
3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report; |
4. | The registrants other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and we have: |
a) | designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared; |
b) | evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this quarterly report (the Evaluation Date); and |
c) | presented in this quarterly report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date; |
5. | The registrants other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrants auditors and the audit committee of registrants board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
a) | all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrants auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and |
b) | any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrants internal controls; and |
6. | The registrants other certifying officers and I have indicated in this quarterly report whether or not there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses. |
Date: May 9, 2003
/s/ ELIYAHU AYALON |
Eliyahu Ayalon |
25
CERTIFICATION
I, Moshe Zelnik, certify that:
1. | I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of DSP Group, Inc.; |
2. | Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report; |
3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report; |
4. | The registrants other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and we have: |
a) | designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared; |
b) | evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this quarterly report (the Evaluation Date); and |
c) | presented in this quarterly report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date; |
5. | The registrants other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrants auditors and the audit committee of registrants board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
a) | all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrants auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and |
b) | any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrants internal controls; and |
6. | The registrants other certifying officers and I have indicated in this quarterly report whether or not there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses. |
Date: May 9, 2003
/s/ MOSHE ZELNIK |
Moshe Zelnik |
26