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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM ________ TO _______
Commission File Number: 0-25356
P-COM, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
DELAWARE 77-0289371
(State or Other Jurisdiction of (IRS Employer Identification Number)
Incorporation or Organization)
3175 S. WINCHESTER BOULEVARD, CAMPBELL, CALIFORNIA 95008
(408) 866-3666
(Address and Telephone Number of Principal Executive Offices)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b)of the Act:
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
COMMON STOCK, $0.0001 PAR VALUE
PREFERRED STOCK PURCHASE RIGHTS
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [X] NO [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to
Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained,
to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. YES [X] NO [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer as defined
in the Exchange Act Rule 12b-2. YES [ ] NO [ ]
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates
of the Registrant was approximately $4.6 million (based upon the price the
Registrant's Common Stock was sold in December 2002). Shares of Common Stock
held by each executive officer, director and holder of 5% or more of the
outstanding Common Stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed
to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a
conclusive determination for other purposes. Effective March 10, 2003, the
Registrant's Common Stock were delisted from the Nasdaq SmallCap Market and
commenced trading electronically on the OTC Bulletin Board of the National
Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.
On February 28, 2003, approximately 36,538,000 shares of the
Registrant's Common Stock, $0.0001 par value, were outstanding.
PART I
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ITEM 1. BUSINESS
The following Business section contains forward-looking statements, which
involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements are characterized by
words such as "plan," "expect," "believe," "intend," "would", "will" and similar
words. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in
these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those
set forth under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations-- Certain Risk Factors Affecting the Company" and
elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
OVERVIEW
P-Com develops, manufactures, and markets microwave radios for Point-to-Point,
Spread Spectrum and Point-to-Multipoint applications for telecommunications
networks worldwide. Cellular and Personal Communications Services (PCS)
providers employ our Point-to-Point systems for backhaul between remote tower
sites and switching centers. Network service providers and Internet service
providers are able, through the deployment of P-Com equipment and systems, to
respond to the demands for high-speed wireless access services, such as Internet
access associated with Business-to-Business and E-Commerce business processes.
Through deployment of our systems, network providers can quickly and efficiently
establish integrated Internet, data, voice, and video communications for their
customers, then expand and grow those services as demand increases. The wireless
broadband networking market is a subset of the global telecom, cellular, PCS,
Wireless Internet access, and private network markets. Because of the number of
sub-markets for various products globally, reliable market statistics are not
readily available.
Our Point-to-Point, Spread Spectrum and Point-to-Multipoint products contributed
71% (2001:74%) and 21% (2001:13%) and 8% (2001:13%) of our equipment revenue,
respectively, in 2002.
Our wholly owned subsidiary, P-Com Network Services, Inc. (PCNS), provides
engineering, installation support, program management and maintenance support
services to the telecommunications industry in the United States. Network
service providers (wireless and traditional wireline) outsource these tasks to
approved service suppliers on a project-by-project basis. Microwave service
projects are typically short in duration--one to two weeks--and primarily
involve logistical installation or maintenance of millimeter wave radio systems.
Central office services projects involve ordering materials and substantial
man-hour commitments and can last up to three months.
Since early 2000, because of severe industry downturn related to curtailed
capital spending by operators and integrators of telecom systems globally, we
have disposed of non-core businesses, for example Technosystem, Cemetel, Control
Resources, and RT Masts, reduced employee headcount sharply, closed
non-essential offices, and reduced capital expenditure significantly.
Notwithstanding the downturn, we raised $72 million in private equity financings
during fiscal years 2000 to 2002. We currently have $5 million in availability
under a secured line of credit from a commercial bank. Our business has been
severely distressed and we have endured the bankruptcy and related loss of
revenues and write-offs of our single largest customer in 2001. Short-term
demand levels for broadband wireless products such as ours is unclear. However,
we believe that should a market turnaround occur, wireless equipment solutions
such as those offered by P-Com are attractive to broadband access providers from
a viewpoint of cost efficiency, applications and ease of deployment.
P-Com was organized on August 23, 1991 as a Delaware Corporation.
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INDUSTRY BACKGROUND
During the 1990s, the demand for additional multimedia infrastructure,and in
particular Internet usage growth, fueled network expansion using both wireline
and wireless protocols. Speed, reliability and economies of scale are the key
elements inherent in commercially successful networked systems. Broadband
wireless access was found to supply an efficient and particularly economical
means to meet this growing demand for information transfer. Wireless
networks are constructed using microwave radios and other equipment to connect
cell sites, wireline and other fixed asset systems. P-Com's broadband wireless
products and services are targeted to add value to the integrated service
providers and wireless telephone operators globally. Our products are designed
to be frequency specific by country if required.
The broadband wireless market developed into two commercially recognized
architectures for voice and data transmission: Point-to-Point and
Point-to-Multipoint. P-Com has developed and sold equipment in commercial
quantities for both formats. P-Com does not provide products for wireline
sub-sectors of the telecommunications market, including wireline systems and
cable systems. Since 2000, system build out has been in a significant slowdown
in the United States, South America and European telecommunications markets.
Demand for wireless broadband products is currently deeply depressed. P-Com
cannot ensure the proliferation of its products or guarantee a given market
share of the global telecom equipment market in future years. Additionally,
there are competing technologies which service the telecommunication sector's
hardware demands.
BROADBAND WIRELESS IMPLEMENTATION
Global deregulation of telecommunications markets and the related allocation of
radio frequencies for broadband wireless access transmission have spurred
competition to supply wireless-based systems as a cost-effective alternative to
traditional wireline service delivery systems. Broadband wireless systems are
competitive due to the relatively short set up and deployment time,
high return on capital investment, and ability to connect customers quickly
once the transmission hardware and software infrastructure are in place.
Moreover, network operators can mitigate the risk of "stranded
capital costs" inherent in wireline hardware. Such systems do not scale as well
as the wireless alternatives as user's needs expand or change over time.
End users who need to transport information from one location to another have a
choice of wired or wireless solutions. Wired solutions typically take the form
of lines that are leased from telephone companies. The associated lease payments
tend to be less attractive than the cost of ownership of a wireless digital
microwave system. Wireless transmission of voice, data and video traffic has
become a desirable alternative to wired solutions due to its advantages in cost,
speed of deployment, reliability, range, and ease of installation, especially in
developing countries. Incumbent telephone companies also are historically slow
to deploy leased lines, especially when the user is a cellular operator who
essentially competes directly with them. Wireless digital microwave radios, on
the other hand, can be deployed Immediately upon receiving location rights. We
believe, particularly in a time of stringent capital asset rationalization, the
wireless choice will be economical and effective.
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GLOBAL PRIVATIZATION AND DEREGULATION: STIMULI TO BROADBAND WIRELESS ACCESS
GROWTH
In many parts of the world, telecommunications services are inadequate,
unreliable or non-existent due to the lack of existing infrastructure.
Additionally, many such countries have privatized the state-owned
telecommunications monopoly and opened their markets to competitive network
service providers. We believe competitive service providers in such markets
often find deployment of wireless broadband the quickest, most economical and
scalable means of providing reliable, modern telecommunications services.
For the communications service providers of the world to be able to utilize
P-Com's wireless broadband systems (including P-Com's Point-to-Multipoint
and Point-to-Point radio systems), they must own the licenses required to
operate the systems. Once the service provider has obtained the license, they
must then determine, from a number of competing systems (including non-broadband
wireless systems), the one that appears best suited for their particular
application.
NETWORK ARCHITECTURE BOTTLENECKS
Fiber optic networks have received much attention because of the speed and
quality associated with the technology. Increasingly, network service providers
are constructing fiber optic interoffice backbones to meet the significant
demand created by Internet and data, video conferencing, and voice services. To
satisfy the growing user demand for high-speed access, the fiber optic channels
would (if not supplemented by other systems) have to extend all the way into the
buildings in which the users reside. The fiber optic channel usually ends short
of the building, at the beginning of the "last mile". Thus, users are often
forced to use slower dial-up modem connections and ISDN (Integrated Services
Digital Network) services, or ADSL (Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line)
service, with its inherent distance limitations. This local access "bottleneck"
denies users the real benefits afforded by fiber optic backbones because the
highest speed that users can experience is that of the local access portion of
their end-to-end connection. To overcome such limitations in a quick and
efficient manner, we believe a broadband wireless solution is attractive to
incumbent and competitive carriers alike because the local access speed
restrictions are not an issue with broadband wireless equipment.
THE P-COM STRATEGY
Our goal is to be the leading worldwide supplier of high-performance
Point-to-Point, Spread Spectrum and Point-to-Multipoint wireless access
equipment. Our strategy to accomplish this objective is to:
o Focus on Point-to-Point, Spread Spectrum and
Point-to-Multipoint microwave markets. P-Com designs products
specifically for the millimeter wave and spread spectrum
microwave frequency bands. We have designed P-Com's core
architecture to optimize the systems for operation at
millimeter and microwave frequencies.
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o Continue expansion of our identified global market
opportunities. We have met the standards established by the
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and
achieved regulatory approval for our systems in Argentina,
Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, China, the Czech Republic,
Latvia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Japan,
Jordan, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, Spain, and the United Kingdom,
as well as the United States. We continue to seek to obtain
type approval in other countries as the markets develop and
the need arises. We maintain sales and/or support offices in
Italy, China, Singapore and the United Kingdom
o Build and sustain manufacturing cost advantage. We have
designed our system architecture to reduce the number of
components incorporated into each system, and to permit the
use of common components and "building blocks" across the
range of our products. This approach assists in manufacturing
cost reduction through volume component purchases and enabling
a standardized manufacturing process. Utilization of turnkey
contract manufacturers eliminates expensive in-house
manufacturing assembly, and provides ability to scale up or
down as conditions dictate.
o Exploit Engineering synergies. Due to similarities among our
product lines, we have created new design architectures that
strive to obtain commonality in different products. This
approach reduces manufacturing costs and affords improved time
to market and feature sets.
o Maximize our customers' revenue. One of the main objectives of
the access providers who buy broadband wireless products from
us or our competitors is the establishment of an access system
that enables them to derive from their allocated frequency
bandwidth the maximum amount of revenue-producing traffic,
also known as "throughput." The greater the "throughput"
capability of a wireless broadband system, the greater the
access provider's revenue production potential. Because our
products are scaleable, users can quickly maximize
throughput utilizing software alone to meet network demands.
This allows network operators to make optimum use of their
allocated frequency bandwidth, thus maximizing revenue.
o Leverage and maintain software leadership. We differentiate
our systems through proprietary software embedded in the IDU
(Indoor Unit), ODU (Outdoor Unit), and in the Windows and
SNMP-based software tools. This software is designed to allow
us to deliver to our customers a high level of functionality
that can be easily reconfigured by the customer to meet
changing needs. Software tools are also used to facilitate
network management.
RANGE OF PRODUCT CHOICES
We offer access providers around the world a range of wireless systems that
encompass Point-to-Multipoint wireless broadband, Point-to-Point wireless
broadband, and Spread Spectrum systems, with each product targeting a specific
market.
Point-to-Point wireless broadband systems are typically deployed by cellular
operators for wireless cellular interconnect and backhaul. Cellular interconnect
comprises any of the wireless connections between a Base Station Transceiver
(BTS), Base Station Controller (BSC), and Mobile Switching Center (MSC).
Backhaul, or the transport of cellular traffic between mobile wireless towers
and the mobile switching office on cellular phone networks, is a typical
application for Point-to-Point equipment.
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Point-to-Point wireless broadband is a dedicated link wireless technology
enabling voice and data services between a subscriber and the network. For each
new subscriber using this service, the network service provider provides a
separate set of dedicated access equipment. As mobile service usage continues to
grow, cellular service providers will have to continue to scale down existing
cells into smaller ones to reuse precious spectrum. With each such division of
cells comes opportunity for new wireless Point-to-Point applications because of
the need for more backhauls.
Spread Spectrum radios are license-free, that is it does not require the Federal
Communication's Commissions approval (or other regulatory body in foreign
countries) before our equipment is deployed, and they are generally less
expensive than licensed products. They are sold through Value Added Resellers
and system integrators for private and public networks, providing last-mile
wireless connectivity.
Internet Service Providers and system operators typically use
Point-to-Multipoint where bandwidth availability is critical to profitable
system operation. Point-to-Multipoint broadband wireless service is a wireless
technology that provides the high-speed access service. This service is drawing
interest because it can be rapidly deployed; it is highly efficient, reliable,
and scalable; it is cost effective because it can serve many subscribers from
one hub: and it can be expanded as demand for service dictates. Nonetheless, the
traditional system providers' build out approach has resulted in P-Com's and its
competitors' Point-to-Multipoint products only gradually gaining market share in
the wireless broadband market.
Access providers determine from studies of their market whether to provide a
Point-to-Multipoint or Point-to-Point system or a combination of both, to best
meet their business plan objectives. Additionally, access providers determine if
Frequency Division Multiple Access ("FDMA") or Time Division Multiple Access
("TDMA") mode, or a combination of both, best satisfies their engineering
requirements. Although TDMA appears to offer the most cost effective use of
bandwidth, FDMA has the advantage of being easier to deploy and allows providers
to guarantee higher quality service levels to their customers.
To complete our product portfolio, P-Com has OEM agreements with fSona
Communications Corporation and MNI (Microwave Networks Inc.) for two additional
products. fSona provides an unlicensed Free Space Optics (FSO) radio, which use
advanced line-of-sight wireless laser communications technology to enable
secure, high-speed connections from 155 to 1500 Mbps. MNI provides a private
labeled version of their 155 Mbps SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) radio that
is available in many frequencies including 18, 23, 26 and 38 GHz.
The greater the number of frequencies provided for by the wireless broadband
manufacturer, the greater the manufacturer's potential market penetration. Our
systems utilize a common architecture in the millimeter wave and spread spectrum
microwave frequencies, including 2.4 GHz, 5.7 GHz, 7 GHz, 13 GHz, 14 GHz, 15
GHz, 18 GHz, 23 GHz, 24 GHz, 26 GHz, 28 GHz, 31 GHz, 38 GHz, and 50 GHz.
5
We provide both Point-to-Multipoint and Point-to-Point systems in a broad range
of frequencies. P-Com's competitors generally provide either
Point-to-Multipoint or Point-to-Point, but seldom both. Through provision of
such a broad range of design options, and through the application of a network
management system that is common across all our radio systems, we give broadband
wireless service providers more design latitudes than those available from
many competing systems and enable providers to tailor their equipment mix
purchases to help maximize their "throughput." In addition, our relatively broad
range of product offerings tends to cushion P-Com against the risk that a
particular frequency or standard might, for whatever reason, come to dominate
all marketplace alternatives, or be mandatory for a particular country or
project.
Certain limitations are common to all wireless broadband systems like those
provided by P-Com. Among the more common of these limitations are the
requirement for line-of-sight between the hubs and the remote sites; spacing
between the hubs and the remote stations; signal transmit/receive power level
interference; poor performance if there is improper antenna alignment; and
adjacent cell interference due to improper power levels. Professional execution
of installation, path and site commissioning are mandatory for a reliable
network. P-Com Network Services can provide the professional engineering and
installation services required for wireless access system operation, adding
an element of competitive advantage for P-Com.
TECHNOLOGY
P-Com's technological approach to Point-to-Multipoint, Point-to-Point, and
Spread Spectrum digital microwave radio systems is, we believe, meaningfully
different from conventional approaches. Through use of proprietary designs,
P-Com can quickly produce highly integrated, feature-rich systems. The results
of these integrated designs are reliability, ability to customize customer
specific designs and continuing ability to be cost competitive, particularly in
the current market.
P-Com's products are optimized for streamlined components, immunity to noise
and interference, ease of high-volume manufacturing and installation. Yet our
radios contain superior features. Equally important, because critical components
and building blocks perform common functions across different product lines,
P-Com's design philosophy is to design sections of each radio in a way that
enable the designs to be reused with little or no modification in a different
product line.
Our Point-to-Point and Spread Spectrum microwave radios consist of three primary
assemblies: the Indoor Unit (IDU), the Outdoor Unit (ODU) and the antenna. The
IDU houses the digital signal processing and the interfaces to the ODU via a
single coaxial cable. The ODU, a radio frequency (RF) drum or enclosure, which
is installed outdoors, establishes the specific transmitter and receiver
frequencies and houses the proprietary P-Com frequency converter. The antenna
interfaces directly to the ODU via proprietary P-Com technology.
Software embedded in our systems allows the user to easily configure and adjust
system settings such as frequency, power, and capacity without manual tuning and
mechanical adjustments. Software provided with our systems includes
sophisticated diagnostics, maintenance, network management, and system
configuration tools.
Competing systems also employ the IDU/ODU concept but P-Com's products are
differentiated by how we implement the components within the IDU and ODU. By
moving many frequency-sensitive components to the ODU, the user is afforded
improved reliability, lower cost and easier interchangeability.
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We believe our Spread Spectrum products are industry leaders, especially with
our latest product release line of AirPro Gold(TM). AirPro Gold represents
P-Com's latest generation of license-free Spread Spectrum radios that address
many markets including Wireless Internet and the voice and data or E1 market.
Rather than develop separate products for each market and application, P-Com
created a single radio architecture that offers that ability to rapidly and
reliably change the interface of the radio depending on the application. By
inserting a series of plug-in modules, the radio interface can be changed to
connect to different types of services. The simplest model, AirPro Gold.Net,
offers Wireless Internet connectivity via an Ethernet port to address the
Wireless Internet and Hotspot markets. The Voice and Data Market requires a
different network interface to connect to the network. By simply installing a
plug-in module, AirPro Gold.Net is transformed into a completely different
product, AirPro Gold E1. Thus the functionality is changed from a Wireless
Internet Radio to a 4 Megabits per second (Mbps) or E1 Point-to-Point radio.
Additional advantages of this architecture are simplified stocking and the
ability to change the radio interface as dictated by customer requirements. No
other broadband wireless radio company at present offers such diverse
functionality.
P-Com's third product line, Point-to-Multipoint, is composed of Base Station
equipment transmitting to many Remote Terminals within a certain radius or
sector. This "downlink" carries data packets known as Asynchronous Transfer Mode
(ATM) cells over the link, which allow many different media to be supported,
including voice, data, fax, IP, Frame Relay, 10 BaseT, and many other services.
The return, or up-link from the Remote to the Base Station, can operate in
either Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) or Time Division Multiple
Access (TDMA) mode.
FDMA uses one or more discrete radio channels with constant throughput; similar
to ordinary telephone lines in that the channel is occupied and consumes the
same bandwidth whether a voice conversation is occurring or not. FDMA's
advantage is that the connection is always available. However, keeping the
channel occupied whether traffic is present is inefficient. TDMA addresses the
issue of channel efficiency by dynamically assigning bandwidth only when it is
needed. P-Com's Point-to-Multipoint system is the only solution to offer
simultaneous FDMA and TDMA operation. It is not yet clear which will be the
eventual dominant technology either throughout the world or in specific
geographic regions. As a result, P-Com has elected to offer a greater
versatility for the customer and higher levels of network flexibility by
allowing both FDMA and TDMA to be simultaneously deployed within a sector thus
providing the network access operator the flexibility to design the network to
uniquely match the specific traffic profiles within individual sectors.
The range of the Point-to-Multipoint system is determined by many factors, the
most significant aspect is modulation mode. P-Com's Point-to-Multipoint system
employs a sophisticated software-selectable modulation technique called QAM
(Quadrature Amplitude modulation), which can operate in any of three levels: 4,
16 and 64 level QAM. The highest level, 64 QAM, offers the highest throughput
but shortest range, contrasted by 4 QAM that offers the longest range but lower
throughput. This beneficial feature of software selectable modulation offers the
network operator the ability to tailor the system for optimum range or optimum
throughput. This provides the network provider with the capability to best match
the capacity load of the customer base and to optimally use the available
spectrum.
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The modular design of this Point-to-Multipoint system allows the user to start
with a low capacity installation, and then by adding expansion cards into the
sector IDU, increase the overall throughput, and hence capacity, within the
sector. This is achieved without the duplication of any of the more expensive
microwave ODU equipment.
SERVICES
P-Com Network Services, Inc. (PCNS) is an installation services company
providing three distinct service lines in the United States: Central Office, DC
Power Central Office Transmission Services, and Wireless Services. PCNS installs
and services a wide variety of central office DC power and transmission
equipment produced and distributed by several manufacturers. Typically, Central
Office Group projects involve full engineering, furnishing and installation
(EF&I) services. PCNS also installs millimeter wave radio equipment produced by
several manufacturers. Installations are generally performed in commercial
buildings and consist of site preparation/construction, equipment installation
and equipment commissioning into a customer network. Both the Central Office
Group and Wireless Group offer full program or project management of appropriate
complexity and length of time. Central Office projects are performed primarily
in the Mid-Atlantic region. PCNS Wireless projects are generally performed in
areas surrounding PCNS field office in Dulles, VA.
Due to the curtailment of capital spending by the Regional Bell Operating
Companies (RBOC), PCNS's business has declined significantly since the second
half of 2001, particularly as to wireless services installation. PCNS depends
heavily on a single customer and this customer severely curtailed capital
spending in mid-2001. We do not expect to return to pre-downturn cycle revenue
levels in 2003, given forecasts of capital spending levels by its major
customers for the year
MANUFACTURING AND TESTING
Our Campbell, California facility received its initial ISO 9001 registration in
December 1993, and maintains a current certification. Our ISO 9001 registration
for the United Kingdom sales and customer support facility was received in 1996
and it has current certifications; our ISO 9001 registration for the Tortona
facility in Italy was first received in 1996 and it has current certification.
Our production facility in Melbourne, Florida was ISO 9001 certified in 1999.
Once a system reaches commercial status, we contract with one or more of several
turnkey fabricators to build radio system units in commercial quantities.
Utilization of such fabricators relieves us of expensive investments in
manufacturing facilities, equipment, and parts inventories. This strategy
enables us to quickly scale to meet varying customer demands and changes in
technology.
We test manufacture systems in our California, Italy and Florida locations prior
to shipment to our customers. Testing includes the complete IDU-ODU
(indoor-outdoor unit) assembly, thereby providing customers completely tested
end-to-end systems unit.
SALES CHANNELS AND P-COM CUSTOMERS
Our wireless access systems are sold internationally and domestically directly
through our own sales force as well as through strategic partners,
distributors, systems providers, and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs).
Our services are sold directly through PCNS internal sales force.
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Our customers include:
- ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------
CUSTOMER PERCENTAGE OF CUSTOMER PERCENTAGE OF
REVENUE REVENUE
- ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------
Orange Personal Communications System 10% Myntahl Corporation 13%
(OPCS)
- ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------
D2 Vodafone (Mannesmann) 6% Verizon Wireless 7%
- ---------------------------------------- ------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------
During 2002, sales to Myntahl Corporation and OPCS accounted for
13% and 10% of our total sales, respectively. We expect that sales to a
relatively small number of customers will continue to account for a high
percentage of our sales in the foreseeable future. Although the composition of
our largest customer group may vary from period to period, the loss of a
significant customer or a major reduction in orders by any significant
customer, through reductions due to market, economic or competitive conditions
in the telecommunications industry, may have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and results of operations. While we generally
enter into written agreements with our major customers, they generally do not
provide for minimum purchase commitments. Our ability to maintain or increase
our sales in the future will depend, in part, upon our ability to obtain orders
from new customers as well as the financial condition and success of our
customers, and the economy in general.
We operate in two business segments: Product Sales and Service Sales. The
Product Sales segment organization is located primarily in the United States,
with manufacturing and/or sales support operations in Italy, the United Kingdom
and China. We develop, manufacture and/or market network access systems for use
in the worldwide wireless telecommunications market. The Service Sales segment,
located in the United States (and in the UK prior to February 2001), performs
engineering, furnishing installation and program management services through its
Central Office Group and Wireless Group. Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements contains additional information regarding the operations of our
operating segments, as well as the allocation of sales by geographic customer
destination.
Our backlog was approximately $2.9 million as of December 31, 2002, as compared
to approximately $5.9 million as of December 31, 2001. The decrease was due to
continuing worldwide recession in capital spending within the telecommunications
industry and lack of forecast clarity from continuing customers. We include in
backlog only those firm customer commitments to be shipped within the following
twelve months. A significant portion of our backlog scheduled for shipment in
the twelve months following December 31, 2002 can be cancelled, since orders are
often made substantially in advance of shipment, and most of our contracts
provide that orders may be cancelled with limited or no penalties for a
specified period before shipment. Therefore, backlog is not necessarily
indicative of future sales for any particular period.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
P-Com has a continuing research and development program to enhance our existing
systems and related software tools and to introduce new systems. We invested
approximately $12.7 million, $19.8 million and $20.2 million in 2002, 2001, and
2000, respectively, in research and development efforts and expect to continue
to invest material resources in research and development to maintain superior
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features creating value for many customers. Our research and development efforts
can be classified into two distinct efforts: (1) increasing the functionality of
our Point-to-Point and Point-to-Multipoint radio systems under development by
adding additional frequencies and capacities to our product lineup, our network
management system software offering, and developing other advancements to radio
systems, and (2) integrating new functionality to extend the reach of our
products into the customers' networks, such as access technology which allows
the customer to manage telecommunications services at its site and to integrate
voice, data, video and facsimile in one offering. Our current efforts may not
result in new product introductions or material modifications to existing
products. The wireless telecommunications market is subject to rapid
technological change, frequent new product introductions and enhancements,
product obsolescence, changes in end-user requirements and evolving industry
standards globally. Our ability to be competitive in this market will depend in
significant part upon our ability to successfully develop, introduce, and sell
new systems and enhancements and related software tools on a timely and cost
effective basis that respond to changing customer requirements. We have
experienced and may continue to experience delays from time to time in
completing development and introduction of new systems, and enhancements for
related software tools. Errors may still be found in our systems after
commencement of commercial shipments, which would result in the loss of or delay
in market acceptance.
SALES AND MARKETING
Our sales and marketing efforts are directed from our corporate offices in
Campbell, California. We have sales operations and customer support facilities
in the United Kingdom and Italy that serve the European market, and in China and
Singapore for Asian markets. Internationally, we use a variety of sales
channels, including system providers, OEMs, dealers and local agents. We also
sell directly to our customers. We have established agent relationships in
numerous other countries in the Asia/Pacific region, the Middle East, Latin
America, and Europe.
Typically, our sales process commences with the solicitation of bids by
prospective customers. If selected to proceed further, we may provide systems
for incorporation into system trials, or we may proceed directly to contract
negotiations. When system trials are required and successfully completed, we
then negotiate a contract with the customer to set technical and commercial
terms of sale. These terms of sale govern the purchase orders issued by the
customer as the network is deployed and/or enhanced.
We believe that, due to the complexity of our radio systems, a high level of
technical sophistication is required on the part of our sales and marketing
personnel. In addition, we believe that after-sale customer service programs are
fundamental to customer satisfaction and the potential for follow-on business.
New customers are provided engineering assistance for installation of the
initial units as well as varying degrees of field training depending upon the
customer's technical aptitude. All customers are provided telephone support via
a 24-hour customer service help desk. Our customer service efforts are
supplemented by our system providers.
COMPETITION
The worldwide wireless communications market is very competitive. P-Com's
wireless radio systems compete with other wireless telecommunications products
and alternative telecommunications transmission media, including copper and
fiber optic cable. We have experienced competition worldwide from a number of
leading telecommunications companies that offer a variety of competitive
products and services, including Alcatel Network Systems, Alvarion, Stratex
Communication Systems Networks, Ericsson, Harris-Farinon Division, Nokia,
Nortel, SIAE, Hughes Network Systems, and Proxim. Many of these companies have
substantially greater installed bases, financial resources and production,
10
marketing, manufacturing, engineering and other capabilities than P-Com. We face
actual and potential competition not only from these established companies, but
also from start-up companies that are developing and marketing new commercial
products and services, such as Digital Subscriber Line (DSL). We may also face
competition in the future from new market entrants offering competing
technologies. Our results of operations may depend in part upon the extent to
which customers who choose to rely on wireless strategies, elect to purchase
from outside sources rather than develop and manufacture their own radio
systems. Customers may choose not to rely on, or expand, their reliance on P-Com
as an external source of supply for their radio systems. Recently, certain of
our competitors have announced the introduction of competitive products,
including related software tools, and the acquisition of other competitors and
competitive technologies. Competition is especially intense during the current
period of depressed demand for telecommunications infrastructure equipment. We
expect our competitors to continue to improve the performance and lower the
price of their current products, and to introduce new products or new
technologies that provide added functionality and other features. New product
introductions and enhancements by our competitors prior to our introduction of
competing technology could cause a significant decline in sales or loss of
market acceptance of our systems or intense price competition, or make our
systems or technologies obsolete or noncompetitive. We have experienced
significant price competition and expect price competition to intensify in view
of the current market downturn. This may materially adversely affect our gross
margins and business, financial condition and results of operations. We believe
that our ability to continue to compete successfully is based on factors both
within and outside of our control. Timing of new product line introductions,
performance characteristics of our equipment and the ability of our own
customers to be successful all play key roles. We will continue to be required
to expend significant resources on new product development and enhancements.
The principal elements of competition in our market, and the basis upon which
customers may select our systems, include price, performance, software
functionality, ability to meet delivery requirements and customer service
and support.
GOVERNMENT REGULATION
Radio telecommunications are subject to extensive regulation by the United
States and foreign governmental agencies and international treaties. Our systems
must conform to a variety of domestic and international requirements established
to, among other things, avoid interference among users of radio frequencies and
to permit interconnection of equipment. Each country has a different regulatory
process. Historically, in many developed countries, the limited availability of
frequency spectrum has inhibited growth of wireless telecommunications networks.
In order for us to operate within a specific country's jurisdiction, we must
obtain regulatory approval for our systems and comply with different regulations
in each jurisdiction. Regulatory bodies worldwide are continuing the process of
adopting new standards for wireless telecommunications products. The delays
inherent in this governmental approval process may cause the cancellation,
postponement or rescheduling of the installation of communications systems by
P-Com and its customers, which in turn may have prevented or delayed the sale of
systems by us to such customers.
The failure to comply with current or future regulations or changes in the
interpretation of existing regulations could result in suspension or cessation
of in the country operations in the particular jurisdiction. Such regulations or
such changes could require us to modify our products and incur substantial costs
and delays to comply with such time-consuming regulations and changes. In
addition, we are also affected to the extent that domestic and international
authorities regulate the allocation and auction of the radio frequency spectrum.
11
Equipment to support new services can be marketed only if permitted by suitable
frequency allocations, auctions and regulations, and the process of establishing
new regulations is complex and lengthy. To the extent PCS operators and others
are delayed in deploying these systems, we could experience delays in orders.
Failure by the regulatory authorities to allocate suitable frequency spectrum
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
The regulatory environment in which we operate is subject to significant change.
Regulatory changes, which are affected by political, economic and technical
factors, could significantly impact our operations by restricting development
efforts by our customers, making current systems obsolete or increasing the
opportunity for additional competition. Any such regulatory changes, including
changes in the allocation of available spectrum, could have a material adverse
effect on our business and results of operations. We might deem it necessary or
advisable to modify our systems to operate in compliance with such regulations.
These modifications could be extremely expensive and time consuming.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
We rely on our ability to obtain and enforce combination of patents, trademarks,
trade secrets, copyrights and a variety of other measures to protect our
intellectual property rights. We currently hold fourteen U.S. patents and six
U.S. copyrights on software. We generally enter into confidentiality and
nondisclosure agreements with service providers, customers and others, and to
limit access to and distribution of our proprietary technology. We also enter
into software license agreements with our customers and others. However, there
can be no assurance that these measures will provide adequate protection for our
trade secrets or other proprietary information, that disputes with respect to
the ownership of our intellectual property rights will not arise, that our trade
secrets or proprietary technology will not otherwise become known or be
independently developed by competitors or that we can otherwise meaningfully
protect our intellectual property rights. Any patent owned by us may be
invalidated, circumvented or challenged, the rights granted thereunder may not
provide competitive advantages to us or any of our pending or future patent
applications may not be issued with the scope of the claims sought by us, if at
all. Furthermore, others may develop similar products or software, duplicate our
products or software or design around the patents owned by us, or third parties
may assert intellectual property infringement claims against us. In addition,
foreign intellectual property laws may not adequately protect our intellectual
property rights abroad. Failure to protect our proprietary rights could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Litigation may be necessary to enforce our patents, copyrights and other
intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets, to determine the
validity of and scope of the proprietary rights of others or to defend against
claims of infringement or invalidity. This litigation could result in
substantial costs and diversion of resources and could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations regardless
of the outcome of the litigation. Infringement, invalidity, right to use or
ownership claims by third parties or claims for indemnification resulting from
infringement claims may be asserted in the future and these assertions may
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
12
operations. If any claims or actions are asserted against us, we may seek to
obtain a license under a third party's intellectual property rights. However a
license may not be available under reasonable terms or at all. In addition,
should we decide to litigate such claims, the litigation could be extremely
expensive and time consuming and could materially adversely affect our business,
financial condition and results of operations, regardless of the outcome of the
litigation.
EMPLOYEES
As of February 28, 2003, P-Com and our subsidiaries employed a total of 186
employees, including 82 in Operations, 31 in Research and Development, 38 in
Sales and Marketing, 4 in Quality Assurance and 31 in Administration. We believe
that future results of operations will depend in large part on our ability to
attract and retain highly skilled employees. None of our employees are
represented by a labor union, and we have not experienced any work stoppages to
date. P-Com Germany employed 15 prior to its closure in July 2001. RT Masts
employed 170 before it was sold in February 2001. Due to the drastic downturn in
the U.S. CLEC and other global telecommunication build out activity, we
decreased our workforce in the first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2002
by 36, 107, 19, and 24 employees, respectively.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
LOCATION OF SQUARE DATE LEASE
LEASE FACILITY (1) FUNCTIONS FOOTAGE EXPIRES
------------------ --------- ------- -------
HEADQUARTERS Campbell, CA Administration 61,000 November 2005
Customer Support/
Sales/Engineering/
Manufacturing/Research
San Jose, CA Warehouse 34,000 September 2003
Redditch, England Sales/Customer Support 5,500 June 2005
Watford, England Research/Development 7,500 April 2008
Redditch, England Warehouse 6,800 September 2004
Dulles, VA (2) Administration 8,750 October 2007
Sterling, VA Sales/Customer Support/Warehouse 24,500 July 2007
Phoenix, AZ (3) Services 2,540 January 2003
Melbourne, Florida Research/Development 22,225 July 2004
Beijing, China Sales/Customer Support 4,200 July 2003
Singapore Sales and Customer Support 560 October 2003
(1) All locations support product sales except Phoenix, AZ; Sterling, VA and
Dulles, VA, which supports services sales.
(2) Facility was closed in February 2003.
(3) Facility was closed upon expiry of lease.
P-Com Italia, S.p.A., owns and maintains its corporate headquarters in Tortona,
Italy. This facility, approximately 36,000 square feet, provides design, test,
manufacturing, mechanical, sales support and warehouse functions.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
None
13
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Beginning July 17, 2002, we solicited written consents from our stockholders for
an amendment to our Restated Certificate of Incorporation to authorize a reverse
stock split of our common stock, the reverse stock split to be of a size within
a range of one-for-two up to one-for-ten. Written consent was granted by more
than fifty percent (50%) of the shares. When the solicitation ended on August
16, 2002, 22,974,414 consents in favor had been received. The holders of 869,942
shares voted against, and there were 42,239 abstentions. The reverse stock split
has not yet been implemented.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS
Our Common Stock was quoted in the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol PCOM,
until August 26, 2002. Because we did not meet certain listing requirements,
including a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share, Nasdaq moved our stock listing
from the Nasdaq National Market to the Nasdaq SmallCap Market effective August
27, 2002. Additionally Nasdaq notified us that, subject to maintaining
compliance with the various rules necessary for continued listing on the Nasdaq
SmallCap Market, our stock could be delisted from the Nasdaq SmallCap Market
unless it reached and maintained the minimum $1 bid price for a period of 10
consecutive days by February 10, 2003. We did not meet the minimum bid price
requirement. Effective March 10, 2003, our common stock was delisted from the
SmallCap Market and now trades on the OTC Bulletin Board operated by the
National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. This status change could result
in a less liquid market available for existing and potential stockholders to
trade shares of our stock and could ultimately further depress the trading price
of our common stock. In addition, our common stock is subject to the Securities
Exchange Commission's ("SEC") "penny stock" regulation. For transactions covered
by this regulation, broker-dealers must make a special suitability determination
for the purchase of the securities and must have received the purchaser's
written consent to the transaction prior to the purchase. Additionally, for any
transaction involving a penny stock, the rules generally require the delivery,
prior to the transaction, of a risk disclosure document mandated by the SEC
relating to the penny stock market. The broker-dealer is also subject to
additional sales practice requirements. Consequently the penny stock rules may
restrict the ability of broker-dealers to sell P-Com's common stock and may
affect the ability of holders to sell the common stock in the secondary market,
and the price at which a holder can sell the common stock.
The following table sets forth the range of high and low sale prices, as
reported on the Nasdaq National Market and Nasdaq SmallCap Market for each
quarter in 2002 and 2001. These quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without
retail mark-up, markdown or commission and may not necessarily represent actual
transactions.
As of Feb 28, 2003, there were 569 stockholders on record of our common stock.
14
PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK
---------------------------------------------
HIGH LOW
---------------------- ---------------------
Year Ended December 31, 2001:
First Quarter $ 1.10 $ 0.25
Second Quarter 0.30 0.11
Third Quarter 0.14 0.05
Fourth Quarter 0.08 0.03
Year Ended December 31, 2002:
First Quarter $ 0.37 $ 0.13
Second Quarter 0.36 0.09
Third Quarter 0.82 0.19
Fourth Quarter 0.38 0.15
RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
In December 2002 we issued 3,333,333 shares of common stock to two investors at
a per share price of $0.15, for aggregate proceeds of $500,000 in cash. The
unregistered shares were priced at an amount greater that the public market
trading price of the common stock and was based on the pro forma calculation of
Adjusted Net Tangible Book Value ("NTBV") per share. In conjunction with this
common stock issuance, the Company issued 750,000 common stock warrants to the
two investors. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.30 a share, a 10 years
life, are fully vested and are immediately exercisable. There were no
underwriters or commissions involved, and we relied on the exemption from
registration provided by Securities Act Section 4(2) because the transaction was
a non-public offering to accredited investors.
The Company issued approximately 759,000 of common stock warrants to existing
accredited investor warrant holders throughout the year as a result of
anti-dilution provisions contained in the warrants issuance agreements. Note 6
to the financial statements, under the caption of `Common Stock Warrants'
contain a summary of the activities of common stock warrants issued and
outstanding during the year. The warrant issuance was exempt from registration
under the Securities Act by virtue of Section 4(2) of the Securities Act because
the transaction was a non-public offering to accredited investors.
DIVIDENDS
To date, we have not paid any cash dividends on shares of our Common Stock. We
currently anticipate that we will retain any available funds for use in the
operation of our business, and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in
the foreseeable future.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The selected financial data set forth below should be read in conjunction with
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations." The balance sheet data as of December 31, 2002 and 2001 and the
Statement of Operations data for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001, and
2000, have been derived from the audited financial statements included in Item 8
of this annual report on Form 10-K.
15
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA
2002 (2) 2001 (3) 2000(4)(5) 1999(6) 1998(7)
--------------- -------------- --------------- ----------------- ---------------
(in thousands, except per share data)
Sales:
Product 29,686 $ 73,236 $ 183,606 $ 116,409 $ 118,948
Service 3,337 30,838 50,795 40,470 43,597
--------------- -------------- --------------- ----------------- ---------------
Total sales 33,023 104,074 234,401 156,879 162,545
--------------- -------------- --------------- ----------------- ---------------
Cost of sales:
Product 30,777 94,890 160,965 107,378 93,829
Service 3,146 23,624 38,170 28,274 30,777
--------------- -------------- --------------------------------- ---------------
Total cost of sales 33,923 118,514 199,135 135,652 124,606
--------------- -------------- --------------- ----------------- ---------------
Gross profit (loss) (900) (14,440) 35,266 21,227 37,939
Operating expenses:
Research and development 12,745 19,800 20,241 32,431 38,882
Selling and marketing 6,713 7,776 11,972 17,135 19,224
General and administrative 15,138 33,371 26,893 25,179 24,260
Goodwill impairment / amortization 11,407 8,034 19,598 6,547 5,023
Restructuring and other charges - - - 3,300 4,332
Acquired in-process research
and development(9) - - - - 15,442
--------------- -------------- --------------- ----------------- ---------------
Total operating expenses 46,003 68,981 78,704 84,592 107,163
--------------- -------------- --------------- ----------------- ---------------
Loss from operations (46,903) (83,421) (43,438) (63,365) (69,224)
Interest expense (2,466) (1,961) (4,750) (8,175) (8,652)
Gain on sale of a subsidiary - 9,814 - - -
Other income (expense), net (1,300) (545) (6,977) (2,537) 1,446
--------------- -------------- --------------- ----------------- ---------------
Income (loss) from continuing
operations before income taxes,
extraordinary item and cumulative
effect of accounting change (50,669) (76,113) (55,165) (74,077) (76,430)
Provision (benefit) for income
taxes (470) (575) 11,140 1,407 (11,501)
--------------- -------------- --------------- ----------------- ---------------
Income (loss) from continuing
operations before extraordinary
item and cumulative effect of
accounting change (50,199) (75,538) (66,305) (75,484) (64,929)
Discontinued operations(8):
Loss from operations - - (4,000) (13,903) (2,869)
Loss on disposal - - - (26,901) -
--------------- -------------- --------------- ----------------- ---------------
(50,199) - (4,000) (40,804) (2,869)
Extraordinary gain on retirement
of notes 1,393 - 1,890 13,239 5,333
Cumulative effect of change in
accounting principle (5,500) - (1,534) - -
--------------- -------------- --------------- ----------------- ---------------
Net income (loss) (54,306) (75,538) (69,949) (103,049) (62,465)
=============== ============== =============== ================= ===============
Charge related to Preferred Stock discount - - - - (1,839)
Loss on Conversion of Preferred Stock
to Common Stock - - - (18,521) -
Net income (loss) applicable to Common
Stockholders (54,306) (75,538) (69,949) (121,570) (64,304)
Basic income (loss) from Continuing
Operations (1) $ (1.97) $ (0.91) $ (0.85) $ (1.32) $ (1.50)
Diluted income (loss) from Continuing
Operations (1) $ (1.97) $ (0.91) $ (0.85) $ (1.32) $ (1.50)
Basic net loss applicable
to Common Stockholders (1) $ (2.13) $ (0.91) $ (0.90) $ (2.13) $ (1.49)
Diluted net loss applicable
to Common Stockholders (1) $ (2.13) $ (0.91) $ (0.90) $ (2.13) $ (1.49)
16
BALANCE SHEET DATA (IN THOUSANDS)
2002 (2) 2001 (3) 2000 (4)(5) 1999 (6) 1998(7)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,616 $ 7,103 $ 27,541 $ 11,629 $ 29,241
Working capital (2,356) (10,185) 76,823 31,984 78,967
Total assets 35,723 92,234 216,219 218,746 315,217
Long-term debt 24,488 769 30,290 39,858 97,769
Mandatory redeemable
Preferred Stock - - - - 13,559
Mandatory Redeemable
Common Stock Warrants - - - - 1,839
Accumulated deficit (348,766) (294,460) (218,922) (148,973) (45,924)
Stockholders' equity (deficit) $ (15,350) $ 24,256 $ 95,247 $ 89,215 $ 99,409
(1) See Note 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for an explanation
of the method used to determine share and per share amounts.
(2) In 2002, we recorded charges of approximately $5.8 million related to excess
and obsolete inventory and a write-down of goodwill carrying value relating
to services business of $16.9 million.
(3) In 2001, we recorded charges of approximately $30 million related to excess
inventory and inventory purchase commitments, $5.8 million related to a
write-down of goodwill and other intangibles, and a $11.6 million increase
in bad debt expense related to a customer bankruptcy.
(4) We recorded a non-cash charge of approximately $1.5 million on January 1,
2000 to account for the cumulative effect of the accounting change made to
comply with SAB 101. See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.
(5) In 2000, we recorded charges of approximately $21.7 million related to
excess inventory and inventory purchase commitments, $15.0 million related
to a write-down of goodwill, and a $9.9 million increase in the valuation
allowance against the carrying value of deferred tax assets.
(6) In 1999, we recorded restructuring and other charges of approximately $36.5
million.
(7) In 1998, we recorded restructuring and other charges of approximately
$26.6 million.
(8) Losses from discontinued operations in 1999 were in part attributable to
Technosystem, which was reclassified to discontinued operations in the third
quarter of 1999. The gain on disposal in 2001 was from the sale of RT Masts
in February 2001.
(9) In connection with the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of the
Cylink Wireless Group in 1998, $15.4 million of purchase price attributed to
in-process research and development was expensed.
17
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations contain forward-looking statements, which involve risks and
uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated
in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including
those set forth under "--Certain Factors Affecting the Company" contained in
this Item 7 and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
OVERVIEW
We supply equipment for wireless access to worldwide telecommunications
networks. We also provide engineering and installation services in the U.S.
telecom central office and wireless telecommunication market. Currently, we ship
2.4 GHz and 5.7 GHz spread spectrum (unlicensed) radio systems, as well as 7
GHz, 13 GHz, 14 GHz, 15 GHz, 18 GHz, 23 GHz, 26 GHz, 38 GHz and 50 GHz
Point-to-Point radio systems. Our performance in 2002 continued to be impacted
by the capital expenditure level reductions maintained by the telecommunications
industry in the United States and globally. Our service revenue was similarly
impacted by the regional telecommunications carriers prolonging their capital
and maintenance spending control programs. The net loss in 2002 included
inventory related charges to product costs of sales of $5.8 million, and a
goodwill impairment write-off of $16.9 million related to carrying value of our
services business subsidiary, arising from our adoption of FAS 142. We
implemented cost reduction programs, including a headcount reduction of
approximately 186 employees or 48% compared to previous year's headcount and
termination of facility leases. These cost reductions were insufficient to
offset the impact of reduction in revenue and continued low gross profit margins
in a depressed industry.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Management's discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of
operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been
prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make
estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities,
revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates. We base our
estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are
believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the
basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities
that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from
these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more
significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated
financial statements:
REVENUE RECOGNITION
Revenue from product sales is recognized upon transfer of title and risk of
loss, which is upon shipment of the product, provided no significant obligations
remain and collection is probable. Provisions for estimated warranty repairs,
returns and other allowances are recorded at the time revenue is recognized.
Revenue from service sales is recognized ratably over the contractual period or
as the service is performed.
18
ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS
We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses from the
inability of our customers to make required payments. We evaluate our allowance
for doubtful accounts based on the aging of our accounts receivable, the
financial condition of our customers and their payment history, our historical
write-off experience and other assumptions. In order to limit our credit
exposure, we require irrevocable letters of credit and even prepayment from
certain of our customers before commencing production.
INVENTORY
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market, cost being determined on a
first-in, first-out basis. We assess our inventory carrying value and reduce it
if necessary, to its net realizable value based on customer orders on hand, and
internal demand forecasts using management's best estimate given the information
currently available. Our customers' demand is highly unpredictable, and can
fluctuate significantly as a result of factors beyond our control. Our
inventories include parts and components that are specialized in nature or
subject to rapid technological obsolescence. We maintain an allowance for
inventories for potentially excess and obsolete inventories and gross inventory
levels that are carried at costs that are higher than their market values. If we
determine that market conditions are less favorable than those projected by
management, such as an unanticipated decline in demand, additional inventory
write-downs may be required.
GOODWILL
The determination of the carrying value of goodwill requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect our consolidated financial statements. In
assessing the recoverability of the our goodwill, management must make
assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors to determine
the fair value of the respective assets. If these estimates or their related
assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record impairment
charges for these assets not previously recorded. On January 1, 2002, we adopted
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.142, Goodwill and Other
Intangible Assets, and under the transitional provisions of SFAS 142, a goodwill
impairment loss of $5.5 million was recorded related to our services segment in
the first quarter of 2002. In addition, during the fourth quarter of 2002, an
additional $11.4 million impairment charge was recorded in accordance with FAS
142. As of December 31, 2002, these impairments have reduced goodwill carried on
our Balance Sheet to zero. During the year ended December 31, 2001, we recorded
an impairment loss related to goodwill of $5.8 million.
ACCOUNTING FOR INCOME TAXES
We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount
that is more likely than not to be realized. We consider historical levels of
income, expectations and risks associated with estimates of future taxable
income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the
need for the valuation allowance. In the event that we determine that we would
be able to realize deferred tax assets in the future in excess of the net
recorded amount, an adjustment to the deferred tax asset would increase income
in the period the determination was made.
YEARS ENDED 2002, 2001 AND 2000
SALES
Sales consist of revenues from radio systems sales, repairs and support services
offered, as well as central office and transmission infrastructure service
support for major telecom providers.
19
In 2002, 2001 and 2000, sales were approximately $33.0 million, $104.1 million
and $234.4 million, respectively. The 68% decrease in sales from 2001 to 2002
was primarily due to the continuing worldwide slowdown in the telecommunications
equipment market and the continuation of sharply depressed conditions for
service sales to the regional telecommunications operating companies. Our direct
competitors were similarly affected. The 56% decrease in sales from 2000 to 2001
was primarily due to significantly decreased product sales to Competitive Local
Exchange Carrier (CLEC) customers, on which we had heavily relied.
Product sales for 2002 decreased approximately $43.6 million or 59% compared to
2001. The primary reason for the decrease was an absence of sales to United
States Competitive Local Exchange Carriers (CLEC), lack of continuing equipment
sales to certain customers in the United Kingdom, and the overall decline in
global spending for telecommunications equipment.
Service sales for 2002 were $3.3 million, a decline of $27.5 million or 89%
compared to 2001. The sharply decreased sales levels were primarily due to the
regional telecommunications operating companies implementing capital expenditure
controls since mid-2001, and related lower levels of orders completed by the
service business.
Sales to Orange Personal Communications Services (OPCS) accounted for
approximately 10%, 16% and 7% of total sales in 2002, 2001 and 2000,
respectively. Sales to Myntahl Corporation accounted for approximately 13% of
total sales in 2002. Sales to T-Mobile (previously known as Mercury-One-to-One)
and Verizon accounted for approximately 13% and 18% of 2001 sales, respectively,
and 6% and 7% of 2002 sales, respectively.
During 2002, we generated 19% of our sales in the United States, 18% in the
United Kingdom, 45% in Asia, and 18% in other geographical regions. During 2001,
we generated 45% of our sales in the United States, 31% in the United Kingdom,
16% in Asia, particularly in the Pacific Rim and 8% in other geographical
regions. During 2000, we generated 56% of our sales in the United States, 24% in
the United Kingdom, 8% in Continental Europe and Middle East markets, and 12% in
other geographic regions, particularly in the Pacific Rim.
Service sales represented 10%, 30% and 22% of total sales in 2002, 2001, and
2000, respectively. The decreased percentage in 2002 compared to 2001 is a
reflection of the severely depressed services sales level in 2002. The increased
percentage in 2001 was due to lower levels of equipment sales compared to 2000.
On dollar level basis, services' sales also declined in 2001.
Many of our largest customers use our products and services to build
telecommunication network infrastructures. These purchases are significant
investments in capital equipment and are required for a phase of the rollout in
a geographic area or a market. Consequently, the customer may have different
requirements from year to year and may vary its purchases from us accordingly.
The significant worldwide contraction in the capital spending of the
telecommunications industry negatively affected our sales in 2002 and the second
half of 2001. This trend has continued in the first quarter of 2003. We were not
able to adjust operating expense levels drastically enough to result in a
profitable operating result in 2002, and given the sales level decline
experienced, we could not expect to be profitable at the sales levels
experienced in 2002.
20
GROSS PROFIT
Cost of sales consists primarily of costs related to materials, labor and
overhead, freight and duty, and in the case of the services business, direct
labor and materials. In 2002, 2001, and 2000, gross profit (loss) was $(900),
$(14.4) million and $35.3 million, respectively, or (3%),(14%), and 15%,
respectively.
In 2002, 2001, and 2000, product gross margins were negatively affected by
inventory and other related charges of $5.8 million, $30.0 million and $21.7
million, respectively (see "Restructuring and Other Charges" below). Product
gross profit as a percentage of product sales, not including the effect of the
inventory charges described above, was approximately 15%, 11% and 24% in 2002,
2001, and 2000, respectively. The higher gross margin in 2002 was due to
reduction of direct production overhead and several sales transactions to the
Middle East market at improved prices. In 2001, the reduced gross profit margins
related to reduced economies of scale and to pricing pressure on the
Point-to-Point Tel-Link products as a result of the relative maturity of this
legacy product line, the global economic slowdown and availability of highly
competitive alternative products in the marketplace. Gross profit turned
negative in the second half of 2001. Unless sales recover significantly, despite
the cost cutting measures in place, we will remain unprofitable.
Service gross profit as a percentage of service sales was approximately 6%, 23%,
and 25% in 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively. The decrease in the service gross
percentage in 2002 was caused by the significant decline of sales, which was not
matched by a corresponding decrease in expenses.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs associated with new
product development. Our research and development activities include the
development of additional radio products, frequencies and upgrading operating
features and related software tools. Software development costs incurred prior
to the establishment of technological feasibility are expensed as incurred.
Software development costs incurred after the establishment of technological
feasibility and before general release to customers are capitalized, if
material.
In 2002, 2001, and 2000, research and development expenses were approximately
$12.7 million, $19.8 million and $20.2 million, respectively. As a percentage of
product sales, research and development expenses increased from 27% in 2001 to
43% in 2002, primarily due to the lower sales levels. Research and development
expenses in 2001 and 2002 continued to be significant due to the substantial
final development efforts on the new Encore Point-to-Point and AirPro Gold
Spread Spectrum products in preparation for commercial rollout in 2002.
SELLING AND MARKETING
Selling and marketing expenses consist of salaries, sales commissions, travel
expenses, customer service and support expenses and costs related to business
development and trade shows. In 2002, 2001, and 2000, selling and marketing
expenses were $6.7 million, $7.8 million, and $12.0 million, respectively. As a
percentage of sales, selling and marketing expenses increased from 8% in 2001 to
20% in 2002, primarily due to lower sales levels.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and other
expenses for management, as well as finance, accounting, data processing, public
company costs, legal and other professional services. In 2002, 2001, and 2000,
general and administrative expenses, were $15.1 million, $21.8 million
(excluding a $11.6 million receivable valuation charge relating to the
bankruptcy filing of
21
Winstar), and $26.9 million, respectively. As a percentage of sales, general and
administrative expenses increased from 21% (excluding the $11.6 million
receivable valuation charge) in 2001 to 46% in 2002 due to incurrence of
approximately $0.5 million expenses related to the called off merger with
Telaxis Communications Corporation, and the inability to reduce fixed expenses
in 2002 as rapidly as the decrease in sales in our major markets during this
period. As a percentage of sales, general and administrative expenses increased
from 12% in 2000 to 21% in 2001 due to the same reasons.
CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLE
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the
net assets of acquired companies accounted for as purchase business
combinations. We adopted SFAS 142 on January 1, 2002, and, as a result, stopped
recording goodwill amortization but did record a transitional impairment charge
of $5.5 million in the first quarter of 2002, representing the difference
between the fair value of expected cash flows from the Services business unit,
and its book value.
GOODWILL AMORTIZATION AND IMPAIRMENT
Under previous accounting treatment, goodwill was amortized quarterly upon a
fixed schedule. Goodwill was amortized on a straight-line basis over the period
of expected benefit of 20 years. In 2001 and 2000, goodwill amortization was
approximately $8.3 million and $19.6 million, respectively. In the second
quarter of 2000, management reviewed the carrying value of goodwill related to
its 1998 acquisition of the Cylink Wireless Group. Based upon its assessment of
future value of revenue flows estimated to be provided from this acquisition, a
$15 million impairment charge was recorded. Management also determined it
appropriate to amortize the remaining goodwill related to the Cylink Wireless
Group over a 4 1/2 year period beginning in July 2000. Other than the impairment
charge of $15 million, the amortization of goodwill for 2000 totaled $4.6
million. In 2001 management again reviewed the carrying value of goodwill
related to Cylink. Based on the changes to the forecast future cash flows and
the replacement of the Cylink spread spectrum products with its successor
"AirPro Gold" line, we determined that the residual goodwill arising from the
acquisition of Cylink in 1998 was impaired and recorded a charge of $5.8 million
in the third quarter of 2001.
GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT
Management reviewed the carrying value of goodwill related to the Services
business unit, and based upon its assessment of future cash value of revenue
flows and the current depressed business condition of the telecom services
market, recorded an $11.4 million impairment charge in the fourth quarter of
2002.
RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES
In the fourth quarter of 2002, we determined that there was a need to reevaluate
our inventory carrying value in the light of the continuing worldwide slowdown
in the global telecommunications market, especially with regard to an assessment
of future demand for our Point-to-Multipoint product range. This resulted in a
$5.8 million inventory charge to product cost of sales, of which $5 million was
for Point-to-Multipoint inventories, and $0.8 million was for spread spectrum
inventories.
In the first quarter of 2001, we recorded a $10 million inventory related charge
to product cost of sales, and incurred a $11.6 million receivable valuation
charge, a direct result of the bankruptcy of Winstar. In the third quarter of
2001, we determined that there was a need to reevaluate our inventory carrying
value in the light of the significant slowdown in the global telecommunication
market, and the phasing out of and replacement of current product designs. The
evaluation included an assessment of future demand for certain of our lower
22
speed and lower frequency TelLink Point-to-Point products, and resulted in total
charges to product costs of sales of approximately $18 million in the third
quarter of 2001. Additionally $2 million was charged to product cost of sales in
the fourth quarter of 2001.
In the second quarter of 2000, we determined that there was a need to reevaluate
our inventory levels and related accrued liabilities in light of recent changes
in product and customer mix. The evaluation was prompted by a change in customer
mix away from the U.K. and other European markets and toward the U.S. market,
and the resulting anticipated decrease in demand for certain of our lower speed
and lower frequency Tel-Link Point-to-Point product line, and resulted in total
charges of approximately $21.7 million during the second quarter of 2000. These
charges consisted of increases to inventory reserve of approximately $17.4
million and accrued liabilities of approximately $4.3 million, both relating to
our product segment. In addition, we performed a review of the carrying value
and remaining life of long-lived assets associated with our product segment and
recorded write-downs of approximately $15.0 million of goodwill, and an
approximately $9.9 million write-off of deferred tax assets.
We increased inventory reserves and related purchase liabilities through charges
to product cost of sales in the second quarter of 2000. Of the $17 million
charge for additional reserves, $15.4 million related to the TelLink
Point-to-Point product line. An additional reserve of approximately $1.0 million
was added in the second quarter to adjust carrying value of certain modules of
the Point-to-Multipoint radio line.
INTEREST EXPENSE
In 2002, 2001, and 2000, interest expense was $2.5 million, $2.0 million, and
$4.8 million, respectively. In 2002, interest expense primarily relates to the
borrowings on the bank line, the 4.25% Convertible Subordinated Notes, the
issuance of the 7% Convertible Notes effective November 1, 2002, Notes
conversion expenses and interest on equipment leases. Approximately $0.8 million
was charged to interest expense in 2002 (zero in 2001) related to conversion of
the 4.25% Notes to common stock, in compliance with SFAS 84. In 2001, interest
expense primarily relates to the 4.25% Notes, fees incurred in setting up the
Loan and Security Agreement with Foothill Capital Corporation and interest on
equipment leases. For 2000, interest expense consisted primarily of interest and
fees incurred on the 4.25% Notes and borrowings under our bank lines of credit,
interest on the principal amount of equipment leases, and contractual penalties
for late filing of the registration statement in connection with the issuance of
the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock and the related warrants. Approximately
$1.9 million was charged to interest expense in 2000 related to amortization of
fair value of warrants issued to our lender group in January 2000. The higher
interest expense in 2002 compared to 2001 is due primarily to the recognition of
$771,000 Notes conversion expenses in compliance with SFAS 84. The reduction in
interest expense in 2001 compared to the prior year was primarily due to reduced
debt levels outstanding in these periods.
GAIN ON SALE OF A SUBSIDIARY
We recognized a gain of approximately $9.8 million in 2001 on the sale of RT
Masts in February 2001.
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET
In 2002, other expense relates primarily to losses on vendor settlements of $1.2
million, and writing off of a notes receivable of $0.8 million. These were
partially offset by exchange gain arising from Euro and UK pound denominated
receipts when these currencies appreciated against the US dollars and other
miscellaneous income.
23
In 2001, other expense, net was comprised primarily of losses related to the
write-down of property and equipment and foreign currency translation loss
offset by an earn out royalty payment related to the 2000 sale of the Control
Resources Corporation subsidiary, and investment income from available cash
balances. In 2000, other expense represented primarily a $3.5 million
loss in the first quarter on the sale of our Cemetel unit, foreign exchange
losses of approximately $5 million and the write-off of a 1998 investment in a
Poland-based telecom venture of $1.3 million. This was partially offset by
interest income on excess cash balances, and a gain of $2.6 million on the sale
of Control Resources Corporation in April 2000.
PROVISION (BENEFIT) FOR INCOME TAXES
In 2002 and 2001, we recorded a net tax benefit of $(0.5) million and $(0.6)
million, respectively, relating to recovery of prior year's federal income tax,
offset by income taxes attributable to foreign jurisdictions that had local
taxable income for both years.
In 2000, we recorded tax provisions of $11.1 million, comprised of a $9.9
million write-off of deferred tax assets taken in 2000 and income taxes
attributable to foreign jurisdictions that had taxable income for 2000. No
benefit was recognized in 2002, 2001, and 2000 for net operating losses
incurred.
EXTRAORDINARY ITEM
In the second quarter of 2002, we repurchased 4.25% Notes with a face value
of $1.75 million for approximately $384,000 in cash.
In January 2000, we repurchased $7.0 million of our 4.25% Notes by issuance of
677,000 shares of newly issued common stock with a fair market value of $5.1
million. The extraordinary gain resulting from this transaction amounted to $1.9
million.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Since our inception in August 1991, we have financed our operations and capital
requirements through net proceeds of approximately $97.2 million from our
initial and two follow-on public offerings of our common stock; $110.2 from
private placements of our common stock; $32.2 million from four preferred stock
financings; $97.5 million from the 4.25% Notes issued in 1997; and borrowings
under bank lines of credit and equipment lease arrangements.
In 2002, we used approximately $16.1 million of cash in operating activities,
primarily due to the net loss of $54.3 million, offset by depreciation charges
of $6.9 million, non-cash charges to cost of sales for inventory related charges
aggregating $5.8 million, and an impairment charge related to goodwill of $16.9
million. In addition, we experienced decreases in inventories, other accrued
liabilities, accounts receivable, and prepaid expenses related to lower levels
of sales and operations level reductions caused by the current downturn.
During 2002, we received net proceeds of approximately $2.5 million through
investing activities. The net proceeds resulted primarily from the decrease in
restricted cash of $2.9 million, and proceeds from sale of property and
equipment of $0.3 million, offset by acquisition of property and equipment of
$0.6 million.
In 2002, we received net proceeds of approximately $8.0 million through
financing activities. We received approximately $7.3 million and $0.4 million in
June 2002 and December 2002, respectively, in net proceeds from issuance of
common stock, and drew $2.9 million from our available bank line. We used $2.1
million to redeem a total face value of $3.5 million of the 4.25% Notes in June
24
2002 and in November 2002. We further remitted $0.5 million under our capital
lease obligations.
Our principal sources of liquidity as of December 31, 2002 consisted of
approximately $1.6 million of cash and cash equivalents, and additional amounts
that we might borrow under existing credit facility with the bank. Cumulative
operating losses have seriously affected our liquidity in 2002. At December 31,
2001, we had approximately $7.1 million in cash and cash equivalents. We further
had $2.9 million in restricted cash resulted from an attachment, as part of a
dispute with a vendor. The dispute had been fully resolved and the attachment
removed in February 2002, resulting in approximately $1.4 million being released
to us at that time.
At December 31, 2002, we had negative working capital of approximately $2.4
million. The negative working capital resulted from our continuing operating
losses, higher accounts payable balance and a $5.5 million inventory write-down
to net realizable value. Unless we are able to generate sufficient profitable
sales, or obtain new equity, we might have insufficient working capital to fund
our operations.
On September 20, 2002, the Company and Silicon Valley Bank entered into a Loan
and Security Agreement for a total facility of $5 million, constituting of a $1
million borrowing line based on domestic receivables, and a Loan and Security
Agreement under the Export-Import (EXIM) program for a $4 million borrowing line
based on export related inventories and receivables. The bank makes cash
advances equal to 70% of eligible accounts receivable balances for both the EXIM
program and domestic lines, and up to $1.2 million for eligible inventories
under the EXIM program. Advances under these loan agreements bear interest at
the bank's prime rate plus 2.5% per annum. The loan agreements expire on
September 20, 2003, and are secured by all receivables, deposit accounts,
general intangibles, investment properties, inventories, cash, property, plant
and equipment of P-Com. We had issued a $4 million secured promissory note
underlying these loan agreements to the bank. As of December 31, 2002, the loan
amount payable to the bank was $2.9 million. We were not in compliance with the
loan agreements' revenue and minimum tangible net worth covenants as of December
31, 2002: and, on March 4, 2003, we received a limited waiver from the bank for
the designated revenue default, and a limited forbearance from exercising its
rights and remedies arising from the tangible net worth default until the
earlier of (i) March 15, 2003, or (ii) the occurrence of an event of default. On
March 24, 2003, the Company received a waiver from the bank of the
non-compliance with the minimum tangible net worth covenant as of December 31,
2002, and the cross default arising from the non-compliance. The Company also
received from the bank in the same waiver agreement a limited forbearance from
exercising its rights and remedies arising from the Company's non-compliance
with the tangible net worth covenant as of January 31, 2003; until the earlier
of (i) April 15, 2003, or (ii) the occurrence of an event of default other than
the January 2003 default. Under the terms of the forbearance, the bank reserved
its right to immediately cease extending credit without further notice, and the
right, in its discretion, to have the outstanding debt obligations bear interest
at the default rate of interest, which includes an additional 4% penalty charge.
On March 26, 2003, we completed an issuance of $1.5 million of 10% Convertible
Notes with maturity date of one year from the date of issuance. The 10% Notes
are subordinated to the existing bank line of credit, but senior to the $22.4
million 7% Convertible Notes due November 1, 2005.
Given the size and working capital needs of our business and our recent history
of losses, additional capital funding will be needed. We are targeting to raise
additional new equity and/or debt financing in the range of $5 million to $8
million over the next 12 months to fund our operations. Additional financing may
not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all, when required by us.
Without sufficient capital to fund our operations, it is unlikely that we will
be able to continue as a going concern despite making significant reductions in
our operating expense levels over the past twelve months. In addition to
receiving new funds, we need to significantly increase sales, reduce our
25
short-term liabilities by inducing large creditors to convert their receivables
into our common stock or agreeing to forbear on the amount owing, or to offer
extended payment terms. We not be able increase sales, or to reach such
agreements with any or enough of our creditors. As a result of these
circumstances, our independent accountants' opinion on our consolidated
financial statements includes an explanatory paragraph indicating that these
matters raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going
concern. If additional funds are raised through issuance of equity securities,
further dilution to the existing stockholders will result. We have immaterial
amount of capital expenditures commitment.
The following summarizes our contractual obligations at December 31, 2002, and
the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow
in future periods:
LESS THAN ONE TO THREE TO AFTER
ONE YEAR THREE FIVE FIVE
YEARS YEARS YEARS TOTAL
OBLIGATIONS (IN $000):
Convertible subordinated notes $ - $22,390 $ - $ - $22,390
Non-cancelable operating lease 3,001 6,788 466 - 10,255
obligations
Loan payable to bank 2,908 - - - 2,908
Senior subordinated secured
promissory notes 202 - - - 202
Open purchase order commitments
1,073 1,073
Capital lease obligations
435 2,077 - - 2,512
------- ------- -------- -------- -------
TOTAL $ 7,619 $31,255 $ 466 $ - $39,340
------- ------- -------- -------- -------
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In April 2002, the FASB issued SFAS 145, "Recission of FASB Statements No.
4, 44 and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical
Corrections." Among other matters, SFAS 145 rescinded SFAS No. 4,
"Reporting Gains and Losses from Extinguishment of Debt" thereby
eliminating the requirement that gains and losses from the extinguishment
of debt be aggregated and, if material, classified as an extraordinary
item, net of the related income tax effect. As a result, the criteria in
APB Opinion No. 30, "Reporting Results of Operations - Reporting the
Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual
and Infrequently Occurring Events and Transactions" will be used to
classify those gains and losses. SFAS 145 is effective for the Company
commencing January 1, 2003. The adoption of SFAS 145 will result in the
reclassification of extraordinary gains on retirement of notes to interest
expense.
In November 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued FASB
Interpretation No. 45 (FIN 45), "Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure
Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of
Others." FIN 45 requires that a liability be recorded in the guarantor's balance
sheet upon issuance of a guarantee. In addition, FIN 45 requires disclosures
about the guarantees that an entity has issued, including a reconciliation of
changes in the entity's product warranty liabilities. The initial recognition
and initial measurement provisions of FIN 45 are applicable on a prospective
basis to guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002, irrespective of
the guarantor's fiscal year-end. The disclosure requirements of FIN 45 are
effective for financial statements of interim or annual periods ending after
December 15, 2002. We believe that the adoption of this standard will have no
material impact on our financial statements.
26
In December 2002, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
("SFAS") No. 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, Transition and
Disclosure." SFAS No. 148 provides alternative methods of transition for a
voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based
employee compensation. SFAS No. 148 also requires that disclosures of the pro
forma effect of using the fair value method of accounting for stock-based
employee compensation be displayed more prominently and in a tabular format.
Additionally, SFAS No. 148 requires disclosure of the pro forma effect in
interim financial statements. The transition and annual disclosure requirements
of SFAS No. 148 are effective for the Company's financial statements for the
year ending December 31, 2003. The interim disclosure requirements are effective
for interim periods commencing January 1, 2003. We believe that the adoption of
this standard will have no material impact on our financial statements.
In January 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 46 (FIN 46),
"Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No.
51." FIN 46 requires certain variable interest entities to be consolidated
by the primary beneficiary of the entity if the equity investors in the
entity do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do
not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities
without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. FIN 46 is
effective immediately for all new variable interest entities created or acquired
after January 31, 2003. For variable interest entities created or acquired prior
to February 1, 2003, the provisions of FIN 46 must be applied for the first
interim or annual period commencing July 1, 2003. We believe that the adoption
of this standard will have no material impact on our financial statements.
In July 2002, the FASB issued SFAS 146, "Accounting for Costs Associated with
Exit or Disposal Activities." SFAS 146 requires that a liability for costs
associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized and measured
initially at fair value only when the liability is incurred. SFAS 146 is
effective for exit or disposal activities that are initiated after December 31,
2002. We do not expect that the adoption will have a material impact on our
financial position and results of operations.
CERTAIN RISK FACTORS AFFECTING P-COM
CONTINUING WEAKNESS IN THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES SECTOR
WOULD ADVERSELY AFFECT THE OPERATING RESULTS, FUTURE GROWTH AND STABILITY OF OUR
BUSINESS.
A severe worldwide slowdown in the telecommunications equipment and
services sector is affecting us. Our customers, particularly systems operators
and integrated system providers, are deferring capital spending and orders to
suppliers such as our Company, and in general are not building out any
significant additional infrastructure at this time. In the U.S., most CLECs have
declared bankruptcy. In addition, our accounts receivable, inventory turnover,
and operating stability can be jeopardized if our customers experience financial
distress. The largest customer in our P-Com Network Services' service business
segment began a slowdown and deferral of previously committed work orders as of
the end of the second quarter of 2001, and this has persisted throughout 2002.
We do not believe that our products and services sales levels can recover while
an industry-wide slowdown in demand persists.
27
Global economic conditions have had a depressing effect on sales levels
in past years, including a significant slowdown for P-Com in 1998 and 2001-2002.
The soft economy and slowdown in capital spending encountered in 2001-2002 in
the United States, the United Kingdom, continental Europe, parts of the Asia
continent, and other geographical markets have had a significant depressing
effect on the sales levels of telecommunication products and services such as
ours. These factors may continue to adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations. We cannot sustain ourselves at the
currently depressed sales levels.
OUR BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL POSITIONS HAVE DETERIORATED SIGNIFICANTLY.
Our business and financial positions have deteriorated significantly.
Our core business product sales, as well as services sales levels, were reduced
sharply beginning with the second half of 2001. From inception to December 31,
2002, our aggregate net loss is approximately $349 million. Our cash, working
capital, accounts receivable, inventory, total assets, employee headcount,
backlog and total stockholders' equity were all substantially below levels of
one year ago. We have negative working capital of $2.4 million as of December
31, 2002. Our short-term liquidity deficiency could disrupt our supply chain,
and result in our inability to manufacture and deliver our products, which would
adversely affect our results of operations.
Our independent accountants' opinion on our 2002 consolidated financial
statements includes an explanatory paragraph indicating substantial doubt about
our ability to continue as a going concern. To continue long term as a going
concern, we will have to increase our sales, and possibly induce other creditors
to forebear or to convert to equity, raise additional equity financing, and/or
raise new debt financing. We may not accomplish these tasks.
WE MAY ENTER INTO SUBSEQUENT AGREEMENTS TO MERGE OR CONSOLIDATE WITH OTHER
COMPANIES, AND WE MAY INCUR SIGNIFICANT COSTS IN THE PROCESS, WHETHER OR NOT THE
TRANSACTIONS ARE COMPLETED.
We signed an Agreement and Plan of Merger with Telaxis Communications
Corporation, dated September 9, 2002. The Agreement was terminated by mutual
agreement on January 7, 2003. On January 27, 2003, we signed a letter of intent
to acquire privately held Procera Networks Inc. of Sunnyvale, California in a
stock-for-stock transaction. The acquisition would enable P-Com to enter the
fast growing market for switching products with Procera Networks' highly
regarded, patent-pending technology. We anticipate that the acquisition will be
completed in the second quarter of 2003. We may enter into other acquisition
agreements. We may not be able to close the Procera or any other acquisitions on
the timetable we anticipate, if at all.
THE NASDAQ SMALLCAP MARKET HAS DELISTED OUR STOCK AND THIS MIGHT SEVERELY LIMIT
THE ABILITY TO SELL ANY OF OUR COMMON STOCK.
28
Nasdaq moved our stock listing from the Nasdaq National Market to the
Nasdaq SmallCap Market effective August 27, 2002 due to our failure to meet
certain listing requirements, including a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share.
We subsequently failed to meet certain Nasdaq SmallCap Market quantitative
listing standards, including a minimum $1.00 per share bid price requirement,
and the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Panel determined that our stock would no
longer be listed on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market. Effective March 10, 2003, our
common stock commenced trading electronically on the OTC Bulletin Board of the
National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. This move could result in a
less liquid market available for existing and potential stockholders to trade
shares of our stock and could ultimately further depress the trading price of
our common stock.
Our common stock is subjected to the Securities Exchange Commission's
("SEC") "penny stock" regulation. For transactions covered by this regulation,
broker-dealers must make a special suitability determination for the purchase of
the securities and must have received the purchaser's written consent to the
transaction prior to the purchase. Additionally, for any transaction involving a
penny stock, the rules generally require the delivery, prior to the transaction,
of a risk disclosure document mandated by the SEC relating to the penny stock
market. The broker-dealer is also subject to additional sales practice
requirements. Consequently the penny stock rules may restrict the ability of
broker-dealers to sell the company's common stock and may affect the ability of
holders to sell the common stock in the secondary market, and the price at which
a holder can sell the common stock.
THE CONVERSION OR EXERCISE OF OUR OUTSTANDING CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES WILL HAVE A
SIGNIFICANT DILUTIVE EFFECT ON OUR EXISTING STOCKHOLDERS
Currently, our outstanding 7% Convertible Notes and common stock
warrants are convertible into approximately 13.7 million shares of our common
stock and approximately 38% of the total number of shares of common stock
outstanding as of February 28, 2003. Consequently the conversion or exercise of
our outstanding convertible securities including the 7% Convertible Notes and
warrants into shares of our common stock will result in substantial dilution to
our existing stockholders.
OUR PROSPECTS FOR OBTAINING ADDITIONAL FINANCING, IF REQUIRED, ARE UNCERTAIN AND
FAILURE TO OBTAIN NEEDED FINANCING COULD AFFECT OUR ABILITY TO PURSUE FUTURE
GROWTH AND HARM OUR BUSINESS OPERATIONS.
Even if we resolve our short-term going concern difficulties, our
future capital requirements will depend upon many factors, including a
re-energized telecommunications market, development costs of new products and
related software tools, potential acquisition opportunities, maintenance of
adequate manufacturing facilities and contract manufacturing agreements,
progress of research and development efforts, expansion of marketing and sales
efforts, and status of competitive products. Additional financing may not be
available in the future on acceptable terms or at all. The continued existence
of a substantial amount of debt could also severely limit our ability to raise
additional financing. In addition, given the recent price for our common stock,
if we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, significant dilution
to our stockholders could result.
29
If adequate funds are not available, we may be required to close
business or product lines, further restructure or refinance our debt or delay,
further scale back or eliminate our research and development program, or
manufacturing operations. We may also need to obtain funds through arrangements
with partners or others that may require us to relinquish our rights to certain
technologies or potential products or other assets. Our inability to obtain
capital, or our ability to obtain additional capital only upon onerous terms,
could very seriously damage our business, operating results and financial
condition.
WE DO NOT HAVE THE CUSTOMER BASE OR OTHER RESOURCES OF MORE ESTABLISHED
COMPANIES, WHICH MAKES IT MORE DIFFICULT FOR US TO ADDRESS THE LIQUIDITY AND
OTHER CHALLENGES WE FACE.
Although we have installed and have in operation over 150,000 radio
units globally, we have not developed a large installed base of our equipment or
the kind of close relationships with a broad base of customers of a type enjoyed
by larger, more developed companies, which would provide a base of financial
performance from which to launch strategic initiatives and withstand business
reversals. In addition, we have not built up the level of capital often enjoyed
by more established companies, so from time to time we may face serious
challenges in financing our continued operations. We may not be able to
successfully address these risks.
WE RELY ON A LIMITED NUMBER OF CUSTOMERS FOR A MATERIAL PORTION OF OUR SALES AND
THE LOSS OF OR REDUCTION IN SALES TO ANY OF THOSE CUSTOMERS COULD HARM OUR
BUSINESS, FINANCIAL CONDITIONS, AND RESULTS OF OPERATION.
For the year ended December 31, 2002, sales to two customers accounted
for 23% of sales. Our ability to maintain or increase our sales in the future
will depend, in part upon our ability to obtain orders from new customers as
well as the financial condition and success of our customers, the
telecommunications industry and the global economy. Our customer concentration
also results in concentration of credit risk. As of December 31, 2002, three
customers accounted for 40% of our total accounts receivable balances. Many of
our significant recurring customers are located outside United States, primarily
in the Asia-Pacific Rim, Middle East, United Kingdom and continental Europe.
Some of these customers are implementing new networks and are themselves in the
various stages of development. They may require additional capital to fully
implement their planned networks, which may be unavailable to them on an
as-needed basis, and which we cannot supply in terms of long-term financing.
If our customers cannot finance their purchases of our products or
services, this may materially adversely affect our business, operations and
financial condition. Financial difficulties of existing or potential customers
may also limit the overall demand for our products and services. Current
customers in the telecommunications industry have, from time to time, undergone
financial difficulties and may therefore limit their future orders or find it
difficult to pay for products sold to them. Any cancellation, reduction or delay
in orders or shipments, for example, as a result of manufacturing or supply
difficulties or a customer's inability to finance its purchases of our products
or services, would adversely affect our business. Difficulties of this nature
have occurred in the past and we believe they can occur in the future. For
instance, in July 2002 we announced a multiple year $100 million supply
agreement with an original equipment manufacturer in China. Even with financial
assurances in place, there is a possibility that the customer will change the
timing and the product mix requested. Enforcement of the specific terms of the
agreement could be difficult and expensive within China, and we may not
30
ultimately realize the total benefits currently expected in the contract period.
Finally, acquisitions in the telecommunications industry are common,
which tends to further concentrate the potential customer base in larger
companies.
We believe that average selling prices and gross margins for our TelLink
systems will tend to decline in both the near and the long term. Reasons for the
decline may include the maturation of the systems, the effect of volume price
discounts in existing and future contracts and the intensification of
competition.
If we cannot develop new products in a timely manner or fail to achieve
increased sales of new products at a higher average selling price, then we would
be unable to offset declining average selling prices. If we are unable to offset
declining average selling prices, or achieve corresponding decrease in
manufacturing operating expenses, our gross margins will decline.
WE FACE SUBSTANTIAL COMPETITION AND MAY NOT BE ABLE TO COMPETE EFFECTIVELY.
We are experiencing intense competition worldwide from a number of
leading telecommunications equipment and technology suppliers. These companies
offer a variety of competitive products and services and some offer broader
telecommunications product lines. These companies include Alcatel Network
Systems, Alvarion, Stratex Networks, Cerragon, Ericsson Limited, Harris
Corporation-Farinon Division, Netro, NEC, NERA, Nokia Telecommunications, SIAE,
Siemens, and Proxim/Western Multiplex Corporation. Many of these companies have
greater installed bases, financial resources and production, marketing,
manufacturing, engineering and other capabilities than we do. We face actual and
potential competition not only from these established companies, but also from
start-up companies that are developing and marketing new commercial products and
services. Some of our current and prospective customers and partners have
developed, are currently developing or could manufacture products competitive
with our products. Nokia and Ericsson have developed competitive radio systems
and new technology featuring free space optical systems that are now in the
marketplace.
The principal elements of competition in our market and the basis upon
which customers may select our systems include price, performance, software
functionality, perceived ability to continue to be able to meet delivery
requirements, and customer service and support. Recently, certain competitors
have announced the introduction of new competitive products, including related
software tools and services, and the acquisition of other competitors and
competitive technologies. We expect competitors to continue to improve the
performance and lower the price of their current products and services and to
introduce new products and services or new technologies that provide added
functionality and other features. New product and service offerings and
enhancements by our competitors could cause a decline in sales or loss of market
acceptance of our systems. New offerings could also make our systems, services
or technologies obsolete or non-competitive. In addition, we are experiencing
significant price competition and expect that competition to intensify.
OUR OPERATING RESULTS COULD BE ADVERSELY AFFECTED BY A CONTINUED DECLINE IN
CAPITAL SPENDING IN THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS MARKET.
Although much of the anticipated growth in the telecommunications
infrastructure is expected to result from the entrance of new service providers,
many new providers do not have the financial resources of existing service
31
providers. For example in the U.S., most CLECs are experiencing financial
distress. If these new service providers are unable to adequately finance their
operations, they may cancel or delay orders. Moreover, purchase orders are often
received and accepted far in advance of shipment and, as a result, we typically
permit orders to be modified or canceled with limited or no penalties. In
periods of weak capital spending on the part of traditional customers, we are at
risk for curtailment or cancellation of purchase orders, which can lead to
adverse operating results. Ordering materials and building inventory based on
customer forecasts or non-binding orders can also result in large inventory
write-offs, such as occurred in 2000 and 2001.
Global economic conditions have had a depressing effect on sales levels
in the past two and one-half years. The soft economy and reported slowdown in
capital spending in 2001 and 2002 in the U.S. and European telecommunications
markets have had a significant depressing effect on the sales levels of products
and services in both years. In fiscal 2002, our sales in the U.S. and Europe
markets totaled $12.2 million, compared to $79.4 million in 2001.
FAILURE TO MAINTAIN ADEQUATE LEVELS OF INVENTORY COULD RESULT IN A REDUCTION OR
DELAY IN SALES AND HARM OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
Our customers have increasingly been demanding short turnaround on
orders rather than submitting purchase orders far in advance of expected
shipment dates. This practice requires that we keep inventory on hand to meet
market demands. Given the variability of customer need and purchasing power, it
is difficult to predict the amount of inventory needed to satisfy customer
demand. If we over-estimate or under-estimate inventory requirements to fulfill
customer needs, our results of operations could continue to be adversely
affected. In particular, increases in inventory could adversely affect
operations if the inventory is ultimately not used or becomes obsolete. This
risk was realized in the large inventory write-downs from 1999 to 2001, and a
$5.8 million write-down in 2002.
OUR LIMITED MANUFACTURING CAPACITY AND SOURCES OF SUPPLY MAY AFFECT OUR ABILITY
TO MEET CUSTOMER DEMAND, WHICH WOULD HARM OUR SALES AND DAMAGE OUR REPUTATION.
Our internal manufacturing capacity, by design, is very limited. Under
certain market conditions, as for example when there is high capital spending
and rapid system deployment, our internal manufacturing capacity will not be
sufficient to fulfill customers' orders. We would therefore rely on contract
manufacturers to produce our systems, components and subassemblies. Our failure
to manufacture, assemble and ship systems and meet customer demands on a timely
and cost-effective basis could damage relationships with customers and have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
In addition, certain components, subassemblies and services necessary
for the manufacture of our systems are obtained from a sole supplier or a
limited group of suppliers. Many of these suppliers are in difficult financial
positions as a result of the significant slowdown that we too have experienced.
Our reliance on contract manufacturers and on sole suppliers or a limited group
of suppliers involves risks. We have from time to time experienced an inability
to obtain, or to receive in a timely manner, an adequate supply of finished
products and required components and subassemblies. As a result, we have less
control over the price, timely delivery, reliability and quality of finished
products, components and subassemblies.
32
A significant ramp-up of production of products and services could
require us to make substantial capital investments in equipment and inventory,
in recruitment and training of additional personnel and possibly in investment
in additional manufacturing facilities. If undertaken, we anticipate these
expenditures would be made in advance of increased sales. In this event,
operating results would be adversely affected from time-to-time due to
short-term inefficiencies associated with the addition of equipment and
inventory, personnel or facilities, and these cost categories may periodically
increase as a percentage of revenues.
OUR BUSINESS DEPENDS ON THE ACCEPTANCE OF OUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES, AND IT IS
UNCERTAIN WHETHER THE MARKET WILL ACCEPT AND DEMAND OUR PRODUCTS AND SERVICES AT
LEVELS NECESSARY FOR SUCCESS.
Our future operating results depend upon the continued growth and
increased availability and acceptance of micro cellular, personal communications
networks/personal communications services, and wireless local loop access
telecommunications services in the United States and internationally. The volume
and variety of wireless telecommunications services or the markets for and
acceptance of the services may not continue to grow as expected. The growth of
these services may also fail to create anticipated demand for our systems.
Predicting which segments of these markets will develop and at what rate these
markets will grow is difficult.
Some sectors of the telecommunications market will require the
development and deployment of an extensive and expensive telecommunications
infrastructure. In particular, the establishment of PCN/PCS networks requires
significant capital expenditures. Communications providers may determine not to
make the necessary investment in this infrastructure, or the creation of this
infrastructure may not occur in a timely manner, as has been the case in 2001
and 2002. Moreover, one potential application of our technology, the use of our
systems in conjunction with the provision of alternative wireless access in
competition with the existing wireline local exchange providers, depends on the
pricing of wireless telecommunications services at rates competitive with those
charged by wireline operators. Rates for wireless access must become competitive
with rates charged by wireline companies for this approach to be successful.
Absent that, consumer demand for wireless access will be negatively affected. If
we allocate resources to any market segment that does not grow, we may be unable
to reallocate capital and other resources to other market segments in a timely
manner, ultimately curtailing or eliminating our ability to enter the other
segments.
Certain current and prospective customers are delivering services and
features that use competing transmission media, such as fiber optic and copper
cable, particularly in the local loop access market. To successfully compete
with existing products and technologies, we must offer systems with superior
price/performance characteristics and extensive customer service and support.
Additionally, we must supply these systems on a timely and cost-effective basis,
in sufficient volume to satisfy such prospective customers' requirements, in
order to induce the customers to transition to our technologies. Any delay in
the adoption of our systems and technologies may result in prospective customers
using alternative technologies in their next generation of systems and networks.
33
Prospective customers may design their systems or networks in a manner
that excludes or omits our products and technology. Existing customers may not
continue to include our systems in their products, systems or networks in the
future. Our technology may not replace existing technologies and achieve
widespread acceptance in the wireless telecommunications market. Failure to
achieve or sustain commercial acceptance of our currently available radio
systems or to develop other commercially acceptable radio systems would
materially adversely affect us.
DUE TO OUR INTERNATIONAL SALES AND OPERATIONS, WE ARE EXPOSED TO ECONOMIC AND
POLITICAL RISKS, AND SIGNIFICANT FLUCTUATIONS IN THE VALUE OF FOREIGN CURRENCIES
RELATIVE TO THE UNITED STATES DOLLAR.
As a result of our current heavy dependence on international markets,
especially in the United Kingdom, the European continent, the Middle-East, and
China, we face economic, political and foreign currency fluctuations that are
often more volatile than those commonly experienced in the United States.
Approximately 81% of our sales in 2002 were made to customers located outside of
the United States. Historically, our international sales have been denominated
in British pounds sterling, Euros or United States dollars. A decrease in the
value of British pounds or Euros relative to United States dollars, if not
hedged, will result in exchange loss for us. Conversely an increase in the value
of Euro and British pounds will result in increased margins for us as our
functional currency is in U.S. Dollars. For international sales that we would
require to be United States dollar-denominated, such a decrease in the value of
foreign currencies could make our systems less price-competitive if competitors
choose to price in other currencies and could have a material adverse effect
upon our financial condition.
We fund our Italian subsidiary's operating expenses, which are
denominated in Euros. An increase in the value of Euro currency if not hedged
relative to the United States dollar could result in more costly funding for our
Italian operations, and as a result higher cost of production to us as a whole.
Conversely a decrease in the value of Euro currency will result in cost savings
for us.
Additional risks are inherent in our international business activities.
These risks include:
o changes in regulatory requirements;
o costs and risks of localizing systems (homologation) in foreign
countries;
o availability of suitable export financing, particularly in the
case of large projects which we must ship in short periods; our
bank line of credit allows this financing up to $4 million,
subject to numerous conditions;
o timing and availability of export licenses, tariffs and other
trade barriers;
o difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations,
branches and subsidiaries;
o difficulties in managing distributors;
34
o potentially adverse tax consequences; and
o difficulty in accounts receivable collections, if applicable.
Due to political and economic instability in new markets, economic,
political and foreign currency fluctuations may be even more volatile than
conditions in developed countries. Countries in the Asia/Pacific, African, and
Latin American regions have in recent years experienced weaknesses in their
currency, banking and equity markets. These weaknesses have adversely affected
and could continue to adversely affect demand for our products.
OUR INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS SUBJECT US TO THE LAWS, REGULATIONS AND LOCAL
CUSTOMS OF THE COUNTRIES IN WHICH WE CONDUCT OUR BUSINESS, WHICH MAY BE
SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT FROM THOSE OF THE UNITED STATES.
In many cases, local regulatory authorities own or strictly regulate
international telephone companies. Established relationships between
government-owned or government-controlled telephone companies and their
traditional indigenous suppliers of telecommunications often limit access to
these markets. The successful expansion of our international operations in some
markets will depend on our ability to locate, form and maintain strong
relationships with established companies providing communication services and
equipment in designated regions. The failure to establish these regional or
local relationships or to successfully market or sell our products in specific
international markets could limit our ability to compete in today's highly
competitive local markets for broadband wireless equipment.
In addition, many of our customer purchase and other agreements are
governed by a wide variety of complex foreign laws, which may differ
significantly from U.S. laws. Therefore, we may be limited in our ability to
enforce our rights under those agreements and to collect damages, if awarded in
any litigation.
GOVERNMENTAL REGULATIONS AFFECTING MARKETS IN WHICH WE COMPETE COULD ADVERSELY
AFFECT OUR BUSINESS AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
Radio communications are extensively regulated by the United States and
foreign governments as well as by international treaties. Our systems must
conform to a variety of domestic and international requirements established to,
among other things, avoid interference among users of radio frequencies and to
permit interconnection of equipment.
Historically, in many developed countries, the limited availability of
radio frequency spectrum has inhibited the growth of wireless telecommunications
networks. Each country's regulatory process differs. To operate in a
jurisdiction, we must obtain regulatory approval for our systems and comply with
differing regulations.
Regulatory bodies worldwide continue to adopt new standards for
wireless communications products. The delays inherent in this governmental
approval process may cause the cancellation, postponement or rescheduling of the
installation of communications systems by our customers and us. The failure to
comply with current or future regulations or changes in the interpretation of
existing regulations could result in the suspension or cessation of operations.
Those regulations or changes in interpretation could require us to modify our
products and services and incur substantial costs to comply with the regulations
and changes.
35
In addition, we are also affected by domestic and international
authorities' regulation of the allocation and auction of the radio frequency
spectrum. Equipment to support new systems and services can be marketed only if
permitted by governmental regulations and if suitable frequency allocations are
auctioned to service providers. Establishing new regulations and obtaining
frequency allocation at auction is a complex and lengthy process. If PCS
operators and others are delayed in deploying new systems and services, we could
experience delays in orders. Similarly, failure by regulatory authorities to
allocate suitable frequency spectrum could have a material adverse effect on our
results. In addition, delays in the radio frequency spectrum auction process in
the United States could delay our ability to develop and market equipment to
support new services.
We operate in a regulatory environment subject to significant change.
Regulatory changes, which are affected by political, economic and technical
factors, could significantly impact our operations by restricting our
development efforts and those of our customers, making current systems obsolete
or increasing competition. Any such regulatory changes, including changes in the
allocation of available spectrum, could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and results of operations. We may also find it
necessary or advisable to modify our systems and services to operate in
compliance with these regulations. These modifications could be expensive and
time-consuming.
OUR STOCK PRICE HAS BEEN VOLATILE AND HAS EXPERIENCED SIGNIFICANT DECLINE, AND
MAY CONTINUE TO BE VOLATILE AND DECLINE.
In recent years, the stock market in general, and the market for shares
of small capitalization technology stocks in particular, have experienced
extreme price fluctuations. These fluctuations have often negatively affected
small cap companies such as us, and may impact our ability to raise equity
capital in periods of liquidity crunch. Companies with liquidity problems also
often experience downward stock price volatility. We believe that factors such
as announcements of developments related to our business (including any
financings or any resolution of liabilities), announcements of technological
innovations or new products or enhancements by us or our competitors,
developments in the emerging countries' economies, sales by competitors, sales
of significant volumes of our common stock into the public market, developments
in our relationships with customers, partners, lenders, distributors and
suppliers, shortfalls or changes in revenues, gross margins, earnings or losses
or other financial results that differ from analysts' expectations, regulatory
developments, fluctuations in results of operations could and have caused the
price of our common stock to fluctuate widely and decline over the past
two years during the telecommunication recession. The market price of our common
stock may continue to decline, or otherwise continue to experience significant
fluctuations in the future, including fluctuations that are unrelated to our
performance.
WE HAVE ADOPTED ANTI-TAKEOVER DEFENSES THAT COULD DELAY OR PREVENT AN
ACQUISITION OF P-COM.
Our stockholder rights plan, certificate of incorporation, equity
incentive plans, bylaws and Delaware law may have a significant effect in
delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control and may adversely affect
the voting and other rights of other holders of common stock.
36
The rights of the holders of common stock will be subject to, and may
be adversely affected by, the rights of any other preferred stock that may be
issued in the future, including the Series A junior participating preferred
stock that may be issued pursuant to the stockholder rights plan, upon the
occurrence of certain triggering events. In general, the stockholder rights plan
provides a mechanism by which the share position of anyone that acquires 15% or
more, (or 20% or more in the case of the State of Wisconsin Investment Board and
Firsthand Capital Management) of our common stock will be substantially diluted.
Future issuance of stock or additional preferred stock could have the effect
of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire a majority of our
outstanding voting stock.
ISSUING ADDITIONAL SHARES BY SALES OF OUR SECURITIES IN THE PUBLIC MARKET AS A
PRIMARY MEANS OF RAISING WORKING CAPITAL COULD LOWER OUR STOCK PRICE AND IMPAIR
OUR ABILITY IN NEW STOCK OFFERINGS TO RAISE FUNDS TO CONTINUE OPERATIONS.
Future sales of our common stock, particularly including shares issued
upon the exercise or conversion of outstanding or newly issued securities upon
exercise of our outstanding options, could have a significant negative effect on
the market price of our common stock. These sales might also make it more
difficult for us to sell equity securities or equity-related securities in the
future at a time and price that we would deem appropriate.
As of December 31, 2002 we had approximately 34,438,000 shares of
common stock outstanding. The closing market price of our shares was $0.19 per
share on that date. As of December 31, 2002, there were approximately 1,190,000
options outstanding that are vested. Based upon option exercise prices related
to vested options on December 31, 2002, there would be insignificant dilution or
capital raised for unexercised in-the-money options.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We have international sales and facilities and are, therefore, subject to
foreign currency rate exposure. Historically, our international sales have been
denominated in British pounds sterling, Euro and United States dollars. The
functional currencies of our wholly owned foreign subsidiaries are the local
currencies. Assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated into
U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Income and
expense items are translated at average exchange rates for the period.
Accumulated net translation adjustments are recorded in stockholders' equity.
Foreign exchange transaction gains and losses are included in the results of
operations, and were not material for all periods presented. Based on our
overall currency rate exposure at December 31, 2002, a near-term 10%
appreciation or depreciation of the U.S. dollar would have an insignificant
effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows over the
next fiscal year. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative
or trading purposes.
INTEREST RATE RISK
Our outstanding notes bear interest at fixed rates. Although fluctuating
interest rate changes over short period would not affect our results of
operations relating to the debt, as of November 1, 2002, $22.4 million of our
outstanding 4.25% notes were exchanged for three-year notes bearing interest at
an annual rate of 7%. We may need to reschedule issued debt in the future at
high interest rates, or at rate structure that expose us to interest rate risk.
Interest earned on our cash balances is not material.
37
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
P-COM, INC.
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedule
Page
Financial Statements:
Report of Independent Accountants.......................... 39
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2002 and 2001.. 40
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended
December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000.......................... 41
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity and
Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2002,
2001, and 2000............................................. 42
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended
December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000.......................... 44
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................. 45
Financial Statement Schedule:
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts............ 71
All other schedules have been omitted because they are not required, are not
applicable, or the information is included in the consolidated financial
statements or notes thereto.
38
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND STOCKHOLDERS OF P-COM, INC.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the accompanying
index present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of P-Com,
Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the results of
their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 2002, in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the
financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index presents fairly,
in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in
conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. These financial
statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the
Company's management; our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits. We
conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with auditing standards
generally accepted in the United States of America, which require that we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates
made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming
the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the
consolidated financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring losses
from operations and has an accumulated deficit that raise substantial doubt
about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard
to these matters are also described in Note 1. These financial statements do not
include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company
changed its method of accounting for goodwill effective January 1, 2002.
As discussed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company
changed its method of accounting associated with revenue recognition effective
January 1, 2000.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
San Jose, California
March 31, 2003
39
P-COM, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
DECEMBER 31,
2002 2001
------------------ ------------------
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $1,616 $7,103
Restricted cash - 2,911
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of
$379 and $1,080, respectively 5,561 7,926
Inventory 13,639 31,946
Prepaid expenses and notes receivable 3,413 7,138
------------------ ------------------
Total current assets 24,229 57,024
Property and equipment, net 11,040 17,627
Goodwill and other assets 454 17,583
------------------ ------------------
Total assets $35,723 $92,234
================== ==================
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $8,610 $8,143
Other accrued liabilities 15,067 29,767
Loan payable to bank 2,908 -
Convertible subordinated notes - 29,299
------------------ ------------------
Total current liabilities 26,585 67,209
Long-term liabilities:
Convertible subordinated notes 22,390 -
Other long-term liabilities 2,098 769
------------------ ------------------
Total liabilities 51,073 67,978
------------------ ------------------
Commitments and contingencies (notes 13 and 14)
Stockholders' equity:
Series A Preferred Stock - -
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value; 69,000 and 29,000 shares authorized at
December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively; 34,438 and 16,965 shares issued
and outstanding at December 31, 2002 and 2001,
respectively 16 8
Additional paid-in capital 333,740 319,994
Accumulated deficit (348,766) (294,460)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (340) (1,286)
------------------ ------------------
Total stockholders' equity (15,350) 24,256
------------------ ------------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $35,723 $92,234
================== ==================
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
40
P-COM, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
2002 2001 2000
------------- -------------- ------------
Sales:
Product $ 29,686 $ 73,236 $ 183,606
Service 3,337 30,838 50,795
------------- -------------- ------------
Total sales 33,023 104,074 234,401
------------- -------------- ------------
Cost of sales:
Product 30,777 94,890 160,965
Service 3,146 23,624 38,170
------------- -------------- ------------
Total cost of sales 33,923 118,514 199,135
------------- -------------- ------------
Gross profit (loss) (900) (14,440) 35,266
Operating expenses:
Research and development/engineering 12,745 19,800 20,241
Selling and marketing 6,713 7,776 11,972
General and administrative 15,136 33,371 26,893
Receivable valuation charge - 8,034 19,598
Goodwill impairment 11,409 - -
------------- -------------- ------------
Total operating expenses 46,003 68,981 78,704
------------- -------------- ------------
Loss from continuing operations (46,903) (83,421) (43,438)
Interest expense (2,466) (1,961) (4,750)
Gain on sale of subsidiary - 9,814 -
Other expense, net (1,300) (545) (6,977)
------------- -------------- ------------
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes,
extraordinary item and
cumulative effect of change
in accounting principle (50,669) (76,113) (55,165)
Provision (Benefit) for income taxes (470) (575) 11,140
------------- -------------- ------------
Loss from continuing operations before extraordinary item
and cumulative effect of accounting change (50,199) (75,538) (66,305)
Discontinued operations:
Loss from operations - - (4,000)
Extraordinary gain on retirement of Notes 1,393 - 1,890
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle (5,500) - (1,534)
------------- -------------- ------------
Net loss $ (54,306) $ (75,538) $ (69,949)
============= ============== ============
Basic and diluted loss per share:
Loss from continuing operations $ (1.97) $ (4.56) $ (4.25)
Loss from discontinued operations - - (0.25)
Extraordinary gain on retirement of Notes 0.05 - 0.10
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle (0.21) - (0.10)
------------- -------------- ------------
Basic and diluted net loss per share applicable to
Common Stockholders $ (2.13) $ (4.56) $ (4.50)
============= ============== ============
Shares used in Basic and Diluted per share computation 25,546 16,551 15,600
============= ============== ============
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
41
P-COM, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(IN THOUSANDS)
ACCUMULATED
OTHER
RETAINED COMPREHENSIVE COMPREHENSIVE
ADDITIONAL EARNINGS
COMMON STOCK PAID-IN (ACCUMULATED INCOME INCOME
------------------------
SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL DEFICIT) (LOSS) (LOSS) TOTAL
----------- ------------ ---------- ----------------- -------------- --------- ------------
Balance at December 31, 1999 13,480 7 238,721 (148,973) (540) 89,215
Issuance of Common Stock for cash,
net of issuance costs of $125
2,106 1 61,206 - - 61,207
Issuance of warrants for
Common Stock in conjunction with
line of credit borrowings
- - 1,902 - - 1,902
Conversion of notes payable to
Common Stock 135 - 4,382 - - 4,382
Issuance of Common Stock upon
exercise of warrant 32 600 600
Stock based compensation
expense from acceleration of
option vesting - - 372 - 372
Issuance of Common Stock upon
exercise of stock options 295 - 8,098 - - 8,098
Issuance of Common Stock under
employee stock purchase plan 78 - 1,234 - - 1,234
Cumulative translation adjustment
- - - - (1,814) (1,814) (1,814)
Net loss - - - (69,949) - (69,949) (69,949)
---------
Comprehensive income (loss) $(71,763)
----------- ------------ ---------- ----------------- -------------- ========= ------------
Balance at December 31, 2000 16,126 8 316,515 (218,922) (2,354) 95,247
Issuance of Common Stock for cash 760 - 3,000 - - 3,000
Stock-based compensation expense - - 29 - - 29
Issuance of Common Stock under
employee stock purchase plan 79 - 450 - - 450
Cumulative translation adjustment
- - - - 1,068 1,068 1,068
Net loss - - - (75,538) - (75,538) (75,538)
---------
Comprehensive income (loss) $(74,470)
----------- ------------ ---------- ----------------- -------------- ========== ------------
Balance at December 31, 2001 16,965 $ 8 $ 319,994 $ (294,460) $ (1,286) $ 24,256
----------- ------------ ---------- ----------------- -------------- ------------
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
42
P-COM, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(IN THOUSANDS)
ACCUMULATED
OTHER
ADDITIONAL COMPREHENSIVE COMPREHENSIVE
COMMON STOCK PAID-IN ACCUMULATED INCOME INCOME
--------------------------
SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL DEFICIT (LOSS) (LOSS) TOTAL
------------- ------------ ------------ --------------- ------------- ------------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 2001 16,965 8 319,994 (294,460) (1,286) 24,256
Issuance of Common Stock
for cash, net of issuance
costs of $821 14,797 7 7,706 - - - 7,713
Issuance of warrants for Common
Stock in conjunction with
line of credit borrowings - - 64 - - - 64
Issuance of Common Stock as
part of vendor settlements 1,282 1 1,272 - - - 1,273
Conversion of notes payable
to Common Stock 1,367 3 4,186 - - - 4,189
Issuance of warrants for Common
Stock for services rendered - - 480 - - - 480
Issuance of Common Stock under
employee stock purchase plan 27 - 35 - - - 35
Cumulative translation adjustment - - - - 946 946 946
Net loss - - - (54,306) (54,306) (54,306)
-------------
Comprehensive income (loss) (53,360)
------------- ------------ ------------ --------------- ------------- ============= ---------
Balance at December 31, 2002 34,438 19 333,737 (348,766) (340) (15,350)
============= ============ ============ =============== ============= =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
43
P-COM, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS)
2002 2001 2000
----------------- ---------------- ----------------
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss $ (54,306) $ (75,538) $ (69,949)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in
operating activities:
Depreciation 6,903 9,155 10,948
Amortization of goodwill and other intangible assets - 2,411 4,598
Write-off of goodwill and other intangible assets 11,409 5,855 15,000
Loss on disposal of property and equipment 354 1,386 6,206
Compensation expense related to stock options - 29 372
Deferred income taxes - - 9,858
Inventory and other charges 5,770 30,000 21,679
Gain on retirement of Notes (1,393) - ( 1,890)
(Gain)Loss on sale of subsidiary - (9,814) 855
Notes conversion expense 771 - -
Loss related to discontinued operations - - 4,000
Amortization of stock warrants 546 159 1,745
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle 5,500 - 1,534
Accounts receivable charge - 11,837 -
Write-down of long term investment - - 1,320
Write-off notes receivable 157 - -
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable 2,880 37,848 (23,034)
Inventory 12,805 5,964 (36,940)
Prepaid expenses and notes receivable 3,948 7,007 473
Other assets - - 1,559
Accounts payable 870 (28,454) 6,409
Other accrued liabilities (12,332) (15,296) 8,282
----------------- ---------------- ----------------
Net cash used in operating activities (16,118) (17,451) (36,975)
----------------- ---------------- ----------------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Acquisition of property and equipment (631) (2,862) (8,037)
Cash paid on disposal of discontinued operations - - (2,000)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment 251 - 700
Proceeds from sale of subsidiary - 12,088 6,860
(Increase) Decrease in restricted cash 2,911 (2,911) -
----------------- ---------------- ----------------
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 2,531 6,315 (2,477)
----------------- ---------------- ----------------
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Payment of notes payable (2,111) (11,070) (12,487)
Proceeds from issuance of Common Stock, net of expenses 7,713 3,000 61,206
Proceeds from issuance of Common Stock under employee stock 35 450 -
purchase plan
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants - - 9,932
Proceeds from bank loan 2,908 - -
Repayments of long-term obligations and capital leases (497) (2,568) (1,223)
Repayment from (issuance of) notes receivable - 864 (250)
----------------- ---------------- ----------------
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 8,048 (9,324) 57,178
----------------- ---------------- ----------------
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 52 22 (1,814)
----------------- ---------------- ----------------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (5,487) (20,438) 15,912
----------------- ---------------- ----------------
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 7,103 27,541 11,629
----------------- ---------------- ----------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 1,616 $ 7,103 $ 27,541
================= ================ ================
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
44
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. THE COMPANY AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
THE COMPANY
P-Com, Inc. (the "Company") was incorporated in Delaware on August 23, 1991 to
engage in the design, manufacture and marketing of millimeter network access
wave radio systems for use in the worldwide wireless telecommunications market.
The Company also provides network services including system and program planning
and management, path design, and installation for the wireless communication
market through its service sales segment.
REVERSE STOCK SPLIT
On June 27, 2002, the Company implemented a 1 for 5 reverse stock split of the
Company's Common Stock. Unless specifically noted otherwise, all references to
share and per share data for all periods presented have been adjusted to give
effect to this reverse split.
LIQUIDITY
Through December 31, 2002 the Company has incurred substantial losses and
negative cash flows from operations and, as of December 31, 2002, had an
accumulated deficit of $348.8 million. For the year ended December 31, 2002 the
Company recorded a net loss of $54.3 million and used $16.1 million cash in
operating activities. At December 31, 2002, the Company has approximately $1.6
million in cash and cash equivalents, drawn from the bank line discussed below.
The loan payable to the bank was $2.9 million on December 31, 2002. In June
2002, the Company sold approximately 11,464,000 shares of unregistered Common
Stock at a per share price of $0.70, for an aggregate net proceeds of
approximately $7.3 million. In December 2002, the Company sold approximately
3,333,333 shares of unregistered Common Stock at a per share price of $0.15, for
an aggregate net proceeds of approximately $0.4 million.
In order to conserve cash, the Company has implemented cost cutting measures and
is actively seeking additional debt and equity financing. On November 1, 2002,
the Company issued $22,390,000 aggregate face value of 7% Convertible
Subordinated Notes due November 1, 2005, in exchange for the same amount of
4.25% Notes which matured on November 1,2002. The 7% Notes are convertible to
the Company's common stock at $2.10 per share, subject to adjustment. If the
Company fails to generate sufficient revenues from new and existing products
sales, induce other creditors to forebear or convert to equity, raise additional
capital or obtain new debt financing, the Company would have insufficient
capital to fund its operations. Without sufficient capital to fund the Company's
operations, the Company would no longer be able to continue as a going concern.
The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the
recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or to amounts and
classification of liabilities that may be necessary if the Company is unable to
continue as a going concern.
On September 20, 2002, the Company entered into a credit facility agreement with
Silicon Valley Bank for up to $5 million in borrowings. As of December 31, 2002,
the loan amount payable to the bank was $2.9 million. However as of December 31,
2002, the Company was not in compliance with the revenue and minimum tangible
net worth covenants provided in the Silicon Valley Bank documents, and has on
March 4, 2003 received a limited waiver from the bank for the designated revenue
default, and a limited forbearance from exercising its rights and remedies
arising from the tangible net worth default until the
45
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
earlier of (i) March 15, 2003, or (ii) the occurrence of an event of default. On
March 24, 2003, the Company received a waiver from the bank of the
non-compliance with the minimum tangible net worth covenant as of December 31,
2002 and the cross default arising from the non-compliance. The Company also
received from the bank in the same agreement a limited forbearance from
exercising its rights and remedies arising from the Company's non-compliance
with the tangible net worth covenant as of January 31, 2003; until the earlier
of (i) April 15, 2003, or (ii) the occurrence of an event of default other than
the January 2003 default. Under the terms of the forbearance, the bank reserved
its right to immediately cease extending credit without further notice, and the
right, in its discretion, to have the outstanding debt obligations bear interest
at the default rate of interest, which includes an additional 4% penalty charge.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
MANAGEMENT'S USE OF ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses
during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates,
and such differences could be material and affect the results of operations
reported in future periods.
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and
its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and
transactions have been eliminated.
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
The functional currencies of our foreign subsidiaries are the local currencies.
Assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at
exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Income and expense items are
translated at average exchange rates for the period.
Accumulated net translation adjustments are recorded as a component of
comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders' equity. Foreign exchange
transaction gains and losses are included in the results of operations in the
periods incurred, and were not material in all periods presented.
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company measures its financial assets and liabilities in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The
estimated fair value of our Convertible Subordinated Notes was approximately 30%
of par or $6.7 million at December 31, 2002 compared to 30% of par or $8.8
million at December 31, 2001. The estimated fair value of cash, accounts
receivable and payable, bank loans and accrued liabilities at December 31, 2002
and 2001 approximated cost due to the short maturity of these assets and
liabilities.
46
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments with a maturity when
acquired of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
RESTRICTED CASH
As of December 31, 2001, the Company had $2.9 million of restricted cash
resulting from an attachment in the third quarter of 2001 related to a
dispute with a vendor. The dispute has been fully resolved and the attachment
dissolved in February 2002, resulting in approximately $1.4 million being
released to the Company, and $1.5 million paid to the vendor.
REVENUE RECOGNITION
Revenue from product sales is recognized upon transfer of title and risk of
loss, which is upon shipment of the product provided no significant obligations
remain and collection is probable. Provisions for estimated warranty repairs,
returns and other allowances are recorded at the time revenue is recognized.
Revenue from service sales is recognized ratably over the contractual period or
as the service is performed.
INVENTORY
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market, cost being determined on a
first-in, first-out basis. Inventory is reduced, if necessary, to its net
realizable value based on customer orders and demand forecasts using
management's best estimate given the information currently available.
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment are stated at cost and include tooling and test
equipment, computer equipment, furniture, land and buildings, and
construction-in-progress. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line
method based upon the useful lives of the assets ranging from three to seven
years, and in the case of building, 33 years. Leasehold improvements are
amortized using the straight-line method based upon the shorter of the estimated
useful lives or the lease term of the respective assets.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AND SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. The Company's software
products are integrated into its hardware products. Software development costs
incurred prior to the establishment of technological feasibility are expensed as
incurred. Software development costs incurred subsequent to the establishment of
technological feasibility and before general release to customers are
capitalized, if material.
GOODWILL
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the
net assets of acquired companies accounted for as purchase business
combinations. The Company adopted FAS 142 on January 1, 2002, and as a result,
stopped recording goodwill amortization. The Company periodically analyze the
carrying value of goodwill, and recorded a $11.4 million of impairment charges
in the fourth quarter of 2002 and $5.5 million of transitional impairment
charges in the first quarter of year ended December 31, 2002, representing the
difference between the fair value of expected cash flows from the Services
business unit, and its book value.
47
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
In the event that facts and circumstances indicate that the long-lived assets
may be impaired, an evaluation of recoverability would be performed. If an
evaluation is required, the estimated future undiscounted cash flows associated
with the asset would be compared to the asset's carrying amount to determine if
a write-down is required.
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Under SFAS 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income", the Company is required to
display comprehensive income and its components as part of our full set of
financial statements. The measurement and presentation of net income did not
change. Comprehensive income comprises net income and other comprehensive
income. Other comprehensive income includes certain changes in equity of the
Company that are excluded from net income. Specifically, SFAS 130 requires
unrealized gains and losses on the Company's foreign currency translation, which
were reported separately in stockholders' equity, to be included in, accumulated
other comprehensive income. Comprehensive income (loss) in 2002, 2001 and 2000
has been reflected in the Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity and
Comprehensive Loss.
ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company accounts for stock-based employee compensation arrangements using
the intrinsic value method as prescribed in Accounting Principles Board Opinion
No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" ("APB No. 25") and Financial
Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 44 "Accounting for Certain
Transactions Involving Stock Compensation" ("FIN 44"). Accordingly, compensation
cost for stock options is measured as the excess, if any, of the fair value of
our stock at the date of grant over the stock option exercise price. The Company
accounts for stock issued to non-employees in accordance with the provisions of
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation" ("SFAS No. 123") and Emerging Issues Task Force Consensus No.
96-18, "Accounting for Equity Instruments that are offered to other than
employees for acquiring or in conjunction with selling goods or services" ("EITF
96-18"). Under SFAS No. 123 and EITF 96-18, stock option awards issued to
non-employees are accounted for at their fair value, determined using the
Black-Scholes option pricing method. The fair value of each non-employee stock
option or award is remeasured at each period end until a commitment date is
reached, which is generally the vesting date.
CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant
concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash equivalents and trade
accounts receivable. The Company places its cash equivalents in a variety of
financial instruments such as market rate accounts and U.S. Government agency
debt securities. The Company, by policy, limits the amount of credit exposure to
any one financial institution or commercial issuer.
To date, the Company has sold most of its products in international markets.
Sales to several customers have been denominated in British pounds and Euro and,
at December 31, 2002 and 2001, amounts due from these customers represented 25%
and 37%, respectively, of accounts receivable. Any gains and/or losses incurred
on the settlement of these receivables are included in the financial statements
as they occur.
48
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
The Company performs on-going credit evaluations of its customers' financial
condition to determine the customer's credit worthiness. Sales are then
generally made either on 30 to 90 day payment terms, COD or letters of credit.
The Company extends credit terms to international customers of up to 90 days,
which is consistent with prevailing business practices.
At December 31, 2002 and 2001, approximately 37% and 62%, respectively, of trade
accounts receivable represent amounts due from three and four customers,
respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, two, three
and two customers accounted for 23%, 44%, and 40% of total sales respectively.
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In April 2002, the FASB issued SFAS 145, "Recission of FASB Statements No.
4, 44 and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical
Corrections." Among other matters, SFAS 145 rescinded SFAS No. 4,
"Reporting Gains and Losses from Extinguishment of Debt" thereby
eliminating the requirement that gains and losses from the extinguishment
of debt be aggregated and, if material, classified as an extraordinary
item, net of the related income tax effect. As a result, the criteria in
APB Opinion No. 30, "Reporting Results of Operations - Reporting the
Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual
and Infrequently Occurring Events and Transactions" will be used to
classify those gains and losses. SFAS 145 is effective for the Company
commencing January 1, 2003. The adoption of SFAS 145 will result in the
reclassification of extraordinary gains on retirement of notes to interest
expense.
In November 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued FASB
Interpretation No. 45 ("FIN 45"), "Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure
Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of
Others." FIN 45 requires that a liability be recorded in the guarantor's balance
sheet upon issuance of a guarantee. In addition, FIN 45 requires disclosures
about the guarantees that an entity has issued, including a reconciliation of
changes in the entity's product warranty liabilities. The initial recognition
and initial measurement provisions of FIN 45 are applicable on a prospective
basis to guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002, irrespective of
the guarantor's fiscal year-end. The disclosure requirements of FIN 45 are
effective for financial statements of interim or annual periods ending after
December 15, 2002. The company believes that the adoption of this standard will
have no material impact on its financial statements.
In December 2002, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
("SFAS") No. 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, Transition and
Disclosure." SFAS No. 148 provides alternative methods of transition for a
voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based
employee compensation. SFAS No. 148 also requires that disclosures of the pro
forma effect of using the fair value method of accounting for stock-based
employee compensation be displayed more prominently and in a tabular format.
Additionally, SFAS No. 148 requires disclosure of the pro forma effect in
interim financial statements. The transition and annual disclosure requirements
of SFAS No. 148 are effective for the Company's financial statements for the
year ending December 31, 2003. The interim disclosure requirements are effective
for interim periods commencing January 1, 2003. The company believes that the
adoption of this standard will have no material impact on its financial
statements.
49
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
In January 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 46 ("FIN 46"),
"Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No.
51." FIN 46 requires certain variable interest entities to be consolidated
by the primary beneficiary of the entity if the equity investors in the
entity do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do
not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities
without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. FIN 46 is
effective immediately for all new variable interest entities created or acquired
after January 31, 2003. For variable interest entities created or acquired prior
to February 1, 2003, the provisions of FIN 46 must be applied for the first
interim or annual period commencing July 1, 2003. The company believes that the
adoption of this standard will have no material impact on its financial
statements.
In July 2002, the FASB issued SFAS 146, "Accounting for Costs Associated with
Exit or Disposal Activities." SFAS 146 requires that a liability for costs
associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized and measured
initially at fair value only when the liability is incurred. SFAS 146 is
effective for exit or disposal activities that are initiated after December 31,
2002. The adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's
financial position and results of operations.
2. CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLE
GOODWILL
Effective January 1, 2002, the Company adopted Statements of Financial
Accounting Standards Nos. 141 and 142 (SFAS 141 and SFAS 142), "Business
Combinations" and "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets", respectively. Pursuant
to the impairment recognition provisions of SFAS 142, the Company conducted an
evaluation of the impact of adopting SFAS 142. Accordingly, under the
transitional provisions of SFAS 142, a goodwill impairment loss of $5.5 million
was recorded related to the Company's Services segment during the first quarter
of 2002, representing the difference between the fair value of expected cash
flows from the Services business unit, and its book value. The fair value of the
Services segment was estimated using a discounted cash flows model over a
four-year period from 2002 to 2005. A residual value was calculated assuming
that the Services business unit will continue as a going concern beyond the
discrete projected period. A discount factor of 25% was used to compute the
present value of expected future cash flows. The residual of the goodwill
balance amount of $11.4 million was also assessed to be impaired in the fourth
quarter of 2002, and a charge was recorded for the same amount.
The following sets forth a reconciliation of net loss and loss per share
information for the year ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 as adjusted for the
non-amortization provisions of SFAS 142 (in thousands, except per share
amounts):
50
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2002 2001
---- ----
Reported net loss $ (54,306) $ (75,538)
Add back: Goodwill amortization - 2,411
------------------ ---------------
Adjusted net loss (54,306) (73,127)
================== ===============
Basic and diluted loss per share
Reported net loss $ (2.13) $ (4.56)
Add back: Goodwill amortization - 0.15
------------------ ---------------
Adjusted net loss $ (2.13) $ (4.41)
================== ===============
Weighted average number of shares
25,546 16,551
================== ===============
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2002
and 2001 are as follows (in $000):
2002 2001
------- -------
Balance at January 1, $ 16,909 $ 24,941
Goodwill amortization expense - (2,411)
Transitional impairment (5,500) -
Impairment charge (11,409) (5,621)
-------------------- -----------------
Balance at December 31, $ - $ 16,909
==================== =================
3. CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLE
REVENUE RECOGNITION
Effective January 1, 2000, the Company revised its method of accounting
associated with revenue recognition for sales of equipment as a result of the
adoption of Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") No. 101 "Revenue Recognition in
Financial Statements." The Company previously recognized revenue upon shipment
of product, provided no significant obligations remained and collection was
probable. This policy was changed to recognition upon transfer of title and risk
of loss, which is generally upon shipment of the product provided no significant
obligations remain and collection is probable. In accordance with SAB No. 101,
the Company has recorded a non-cash charge of approximately $1.5 million ($1.5
million, after tax) on January 1, 2000 to account for the cumulative effect of
this change in method of accounting.
The cumulative effect of this change in method of accounting primarily resulted
from one contract where revenue had historically been recognized upon shipment,
however, under the terms of the underlying contract, title did not transfer
until subsequent receipt of payment. Under the Company's revised revenue
recognition method, revenue relating to such sales is deferred until title
transfers. Primarily as a result of this, approximately $12.0 million
51
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
in revenue and $10.5 million in related costs originally recognized in 1999 were
deferred and re-recognized in the first quarter of 2000.
4. BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS
Inventory consists of the following (in thousands of dollars):
DECEMBER 31,
2002 2001
--------------- --------------
Raw materials $ 36,599 $ 37,829
Work-in-process 3,921 11,912
Finished goods 12,396 19,767
Inventory at customer sites 290 1,035
--------------- --------------
53,206 70,543
Less: Inventory reserves (39,567) (38,597)
--------------- --------------
$ 13,639 $ 31,946
=============== ==============
Property and equipment consists of the following (in thousands of dollars):
DECEMBER 31,
Useful Life 2002 2001
------------
--------------- ----------------
Tooling and test equipment 3 to 5 years $ 34,274 $ 34,953
Computer equipment 3 years 8,033 7,979
Furniture and fixtures 5 years 2,682 3,140
Land and buildings and
leasehold improvements 5 to 7 and 33 years 1,798 2,337
Construction-in-process 118 799
--------------- ----------------
46,906 49,208
Less:Accumulated depreciation and amortization (35,866) (31,581)
--------------- ----------------
11,040 17,627
=============== ================
The above amounts include items under capital leases and related accumulated
amortization of $6,990 and $3,370 at December 31, 2002 and $7,158 and $1,979 at
December 31, 2001, respectively.
52
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
Goodwill and other assets consist of the following (in thousands):
DECEMBER 31,
Goodwill: 2002 2001
--------- ----------
CSM(P-Com Network Services) $ 22,295 $ 22,295
Cylink 34,261 34,261
--------- ----------
56,556 56,556
Less: Accumulated amortization and impairment (56,556) (39,647)
--------- ----------
Net goodwill - 16,909
Other assets 454 674
--------- ----------
$ 454 $ 17,583
========= ==========
In 2002, management reviewed the carrying value of the goodwill related to the
service business line. Based upon its assessment of future cash flows estimated
to be provided by the business line, the carrying value of the goodwill of $16.9
million was assessed as impaired and a charge for the full amount was recorded.
In 2001 and 2000, management reviewed the carrying value of the goodwill related
to the business line acquired from Cylink Wireless Group ("Cylink")in 1998.
Based on the changes to the forecast future cash flows and the replacement of
the Cylink Spread Spectrum products with the "AirPro Gold" line, it was
determined that the residual goodwill arising from the Cylink acquisition was
impaired and recorded a $5.6 million charge in 2001, and a $15 million charge in
2000.
Other accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):
DECEMBER 31,
2002 2001
------------- -------------
Purchase commitment $ 2,195 $ 10,002
Deferred contract obligation (a) 8,000 8,000
Deferred revenue 290 2,280
Accrued employee benefits 943 1,238
Accrued warranty 936 2,843
Income taxes payable 64 281
Lease obligations 435 2,095
Senior subordinated secured promissory note (b) 202 -
Interest payable 276 208
Other 1,726 2,820
------------- -------------
$ 15,067 $ 29,767
============= =============
53
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
a) Under a joint license and development contract, the Company determined that
a related Original Equipment Manufacturer ("OEM") agreement provided for
subsequent payments of $8 million specifically earmarked for marketing our
products manufactured under this joint license and development contract. As
of December 31, 2002 and 2001, payment obligations of $8 million under this
contract remained outstanding, and the Company has in February 2003 written
to contest the amount claimed by the vendor.
b) In lieu of interest payment on the 4.25% Convertible Subordinated Notes
that was due on November 1, 2002, the Company issued the Senior
Subordinated Secured Promissory Note to a note holder. The Promissory Note
bears interest at 7% per annum, and matures on May 1, 2003. After maturity,
interest shall accrue at the rate of 9% per annum. The Promissory Note is
secured against certain property and equipment.
c) A summary of product warranty reserve activity is as follows:
Balance at January 1, 2002 $ 2,843
Additions relating to products sold 430
Payments (2,337)
--------
Balance at December 31, 2002 $ 936
--------
Other long-term liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):
DECEMBER 31,
2002 2001
------------- --------------
Capital lease obligations $ 2,098 $ 680
Other - 89
------------- --------------
$ 2,098 $ 769
============= ==============
5. BORROWING ARRANGEMENTS
On September 20, 2002, the Company and Silicon Valley Bank ("the bank") entered
into a Loan and Security Agreement for a $1 million borrowing line based on
domestic receivables, and a Loan and Security Agreement under the Export-Import
("EXIM") program for a $4 million borrowing line based on export related
inventories and receivables (together, the "Agreements"). The bank makes cash
advances equal to 70% of eligible accounts receivable balances for both the EXIM
program and domestic lines, and up to $1.2 million for eligible inventories
under the EXIM program. Advances under these Agreements bear interest at the
bank's prime rate plus 2.5% per annum. The Agreements expire on September 20,
2003, and are secured by all receivables, deposit accounts, general intangibles,
investment properties, inventories, cash, property, plant and equipment of the
Company. The Company had also issued a $4 million secured promissory note
underlying these Agreements to the bank. These Agreements supersede the Accounts
Receivable Purchase Agreement dated June 26, 2002. As of December 31, 2002, the
loan amount payable to the bank under these Agreements aggregated $2.9 million.
The Company is not in compliance with the Agreements' revenue and minimum
tangible net worth covenants as of December 31, 2002, and has on March 4, 2003
received a limited waiver from the bank for the designated revenue default, and
a limited forbearance from exercising its rights and remedies arising from the
tangible net worth default until the earlier of (i) March 15, 2003, or (ii) the
occurrence of an event of default.
54
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
On March 24, 2003, the Company received a waiver from the bank of the
non-compliance with the minimum tangible net worth covenant as of December 31,
2002, and the cross default arising from the non-compliance. The Company also
received from the bank in the same waiver agreement a limited forbearance from
exercising its rights and remedies arising from the Company's non-compliance
with the tangible net worth covenant as of January 31, 2003; until the earlier
of (i) April 15, 2003, or (ii) the occurrence of an event of default other than
the January 2003 default. Under the terms of the forbearance, the bank reserved
its right to immediately cease extending credit without further notice, and the
right, in its discretion, to have the outstanding debt obligations bear interest
at the default rate of interest, which includes an additional 4% penalty charge.
On March 29, 2001, the Company and Foothill Capital Corporation entered into a
Loan and Security Agreement with a borrowing capacity of up to $25 million. The
Loan and Security Agreement was to mature in March 2004. Borrowings under the
Loan and Security Agreement were limited to 85% of eligible accounts receivable.
At December 31, 2002, there were no outstanding borrowings under the Loan and
Security Agreement. The Company was not in compliance with certain financial
covenants in this Loan and Security Agreement as of December 31, 2001. The
Agreement was terminated on February 6, 2002.
In January 2000 the Company entered into a secured line-of-credit agreement for
$12 million. The line matured and was repaid in full on January 31, 2001.
Borrowings under the line bore interest at the greater of prime rate plus 2% (8%
per annum at December 31, 2000). In connection with the loan agreement, the
Company issued the lender warrants to purchase 200,000 shares of common stock at
$5.71 per share. The warrants are fully exercisable, are subject to
anti-dilution clauses and expire on January 31, 2005. The Company recorded a
discount to amounts recorded under the loan agreement of approximately $2
million, which represented the estimated fair value of the warrants. Such
discount was amortized to interest expense over the term of the loan resulting
in $159,000 and $1,745,0000 of interest expense in 2001 and 2000, respectively.
On November 5, 1997, the Company issued $100 million in 4 1/4% Convertible
Subordinated Notes (the "Notes") due November 1, 2002. The Notes were
convertible at the option of the holder into shares of our Common Stock at an
initial conversion price of $27.46 per share and at $24.73 per share subsequent
to October 2000. Interest on the Notes is paid semi-annually on May 1 and
November 1 of each year. In 2002, 2000 and 1999, the Company issued Common Stock
in exchange for a portion of these Notes and recorded extraordinary gains as
noted below. The Company has restructured the repayment of the 4.25% Convertible
Subordinated Notes. As part of the restructuring, the Company, on November 1,
2002 issued $22,390,000 aggregate face value of 7% Convertible Subordinated
Notes due November 1, 2005, in exchange for the same amount of 4.25% Notes. The
7% Notes are convertible to the Company's common stock at $2.10 per share,
subject to adjustment.
A summary of Convertible Subordinated Notes activity is as follows:
55
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
GAIN ON
CONVERSION
AMOUNT SHARES ISSUED OR REDEMPTION
----------------- ---------------- -------------------
(MILLIONS) (THOUSANDS) (MILLIONS)
Issuance of $100 million in Convertible Subordinate Notes
in November 1997 $ 100 - $ -
----------------- ---------------- -------------------
Balance at December 31, 1997 100 - -
Conversion of Notes in December 1998 (14) 493 5
----------------- ---------------- -------------------
Balance at December 31, 1998 86 493 5
Conversion of Notes in January and February 1999 (26) 562 7
Conversion of Notes in December 1999 (24) 472 6
----------------- ---------------- -------------------
Balance at December 31, 2000 36 1,527 18
Conversion of Notes in January 2000 (7) 135 2
----------------- ---------------- -------------------
Balance at December 31, 2000 and 2001 29 1,662 20
Conversion of Notes in May and July 2002 (3) 1,367 -
Redemption of Notes in June and November 2002 (4) - 1
----------------- ---------------- -------------------
Balance at December 31, 2002 $ 22 3,029 $ 21
================= ================ ===================
6. CAPITAL STOCK
The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 69 million shares of
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value (the "Common Stock"), and 2 million shares of
preferred stock, $0.0001 par value (the "Preferred Stock"), including 500,000
shares of which have been designated Series A Junior Participating Preferred
Stock (the "Series A") pursuant to the Stockholder Rights Agreement (see
discussion below).
PREFERRED STOCK
The Board of Directors has the authority to issue shares of Preferred Stock in
one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and
restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion
rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, redemption prices, liquidation
preferences and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation
of such series, without further vote or action by the holders of Common Stock.
COMMON STOCK
In June 2002, the Company sold approximately 11,464,000 shares of unregistered
Common Stock at a per share price of $0.70, for an aggregate net proceeds of
approximately $7.3 million. In December 2002, the Company sold approximately
3,333,333 shares of unregistered Common Stock at a per share price of $0.15, for
an aggregate net proceeds of approximately $0.4 million. The shares have
subsequently been registered for resale.
In July 2001 the Company issued approximately 759,600 shares of unregistered
Common Stock at a per share price of $3.95, for aggregate proceeds of $3
million.
56
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
In January 2000, the Company sold approximately 1,506,200 shares of Common Stock
at a per share price of $28.55, for an aggregate purchase price of $43.0
million. The shares were subsequently registered for resale in October 2000. As
a result of the late registration of these shares, the Company was required to
issue the holders warrants to purchase 271,600 shares of Common Stock at an
exercise price of $19.0 per share.
In August 2000, the Company sold 600,000 shares of unregistered Common Stock at
a per share price of $30.55, for an aggregate purchase price of $18.2 million.
The shares have subsequently been registered for resale.
At December 31, 2002, the Company had 6,113,000 shares of Common Stock reserved
for issuance of warrants and options.
COMMON STOCK WARRANTS
As a result of the issuance of the Common Stock in May 2002 as part of vendor
settlements, the issuance of the Common Stock in June 2002 and December 2002 for
cash, the restructuring of the conversion price of the 4.25% Convertible Notes
in November 2002, and warrants issued to the bank in May 2002 and September
2002, the warrant exercise price and number of shares issuable mentioned below
were adjusted in accordance with the formula contained in the anti-dilution
clauses of the warrants.
In March 2002, the Company issued warrants to purchase 600,000 common stock to a
consultant in connection with financial advisory services rendered. The warrants
were valued using Black Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of $480,000
was expensed fully to general and administrative expense during the year ended
December 31, 2002.
In September 2002, in conjunction with the bank line of credit, the Company
issued warrants to purchase 300,000 common stock to the bank. The warrants were
valued using Black Scholes option pricing model. The fair value of $64,000 was
expensed fully during the year ended December 31, 2002.
A summary of issued and outstanding warrants to purchase Common Stock is as
follows:
Number (in Anti-dilution Old New
thousands) adjustment Total Exercise Exercise
Price Price
----------------- ------------------ --------- ------------ -----------
$ $
June 1999 - issuance 248 603 851 15.00 4.38
August 1999 -issuance 36 104 140 25.00 6.43
January 2000 - issuance 88 - 88 42.50 42.50
January 2000 - issuance 40 52 92 28.55 12.44
October 2000 - issuance 272 - 272 19.00 19.00
October 2000 - exercise (32) - (32) 19.00 19.00
March 2002 - issuance 600 - 600 1.02 1.02
September 2002 - issuance 300 - 300 0.72 0.72
December 2002 - issuance 750 - 750 0.30 0.30
----------------- ------------------ ---------
Balance at December 31, 2002
2,302 759 3,061
================= ================== =========
57
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
STOCKHOLDER RIGHTS AGREEMENT
On September 26, 1997, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted a
Stockholder Rights Agreement (the "Agreement"). Pursuant to the Agreement,
Rights (the "Rights") were distributed as a dividend on each outstanding share
of its Common Stock held by stockholders of record as of the close of business
on November 3, 1997. Each right will entitle stockholders to buy Series A
Preferred at an exercise price of $125.00 upon certain events. The Rights will
expire ten years from the date of the Agreement.
In general, the Rights will be exercisable only if a person or group acquires
15% or more of the Company's Common Stock or announces a tender offer, the
consummation of which would result in ownership by a person or group of 15% or
more of the Company's Common Stock. In the case of the State of Wisconsin
Investment Board, Firsthand Capital Management, Alpha Capital and StoneStreet
Limited Partnership the threshold figure is 20% rather than 15%. If, after the
Rights become exercisable, the Company is acquired in a merger or other business
combination transaction, or sells 50% or more of its assets or earning power,
each unexercised Right will entitle its holder to purchase, at the Right's
then-current exercise price, a number of the acquiring Company's common shares
having a market value at the time of twice the Right's exercise price. At any
time within ten days after the public announcement that a person or group has
acquired beneficial ownership of 15% or more of the Company's Common Stock, the
Board, in its sole discretion, may redeem the Rights for $0.0001 per Right.
7. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
STOCK OPTION PLANS. On January 11, 1995, our Board of Directors adopted the 1995
Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan (the "1995 Plan") as a successor to its 1992
Stock Option Plan (the "1992 Plan").
The 1995 Plan authorizes the issuance of up to 2,986,892 shares of Common Stock
as of December 31, 2002.
The 1995 Plan contains three equity incentive programs: a Discretionary Option
Grant Program, and a Stock Issuance Program for officers and employees of the
Company and independent consultants and advisors to the Company and an Automatic
Option Grant Program for non-employee members of our Board of Directors.
Options under the Discretionary Option Grant Program may be granted at not less
than 100% of the fair market value per share of common stock on the grant date
with exercise periods not to exceed ten years. The plan administrator is
authorized to issue tandem stock appreciation rights and limited stock
appreciation rights in connection with the option grants.
The Stock Issuance Program provides for the sale of common stock at a price not
less than 100% of fair market value. Shares may also be issued solely for
services. The administrator has discretion as to vesting provisions, including
accelerations, and may institute a loan program to assist participants with
financing stock purchases. The program also provides certain alternatives to
satisfy tax liabilities incurred by participants in connection with the program.
58
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
Under the Automatic Option Grant Program, as amended, participants will
automatically receive an option to purchase 8,000 shares of common stock upon
initially joining the Board of Directors and will receive an additional
automatic grant each year at each annual stockholders' meeting for 800 shares.
Each option will have an exercise price per share equal to 100% of the fair
market value of the common stock on the grant date. The shares subject to each
such initial grant shall vest, in a series of eight equal quarterly installments
upon the optionee's completion of each three months of continued service as a
board member over the 24-month period measured from the option grant date. The
shares, which are subject to the annual 800 share option, is fully vested at the
grant date.
The following table summarizes stock option activity under the Company's 1995
Plan (in thousands, except per share amounts):
2002 2001 2000
------------------------ ----------------------- ------------------------
SHARES PRICE SHARES PRICE SHARES PRICE
------------ ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ------------
Outstanding at beginning of year 1,436 $ 29.21 1,523 $ 33.10 1,327 $ 31.80
Granted 2,046 1.01 336 11.55 888 33.55
Exercised - - - - (295) 27.50
Canceled (430) 16.82 (423) 28.80 (397) 34.00
------------ ----------- -----------
Outstanding at end of year 3,052 12.05 1,436 29.20 1,523 33.10
============ =========== ===========
Options exercisable at year-end 1,190 24.53 734 36.10 522 37.45
============ =========== ===========
Weighted-average fair value of
options granted during the year $ 0.77 $ 10.15 $ 26.60
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and
exercisable at December 31, 2002 (in thousands, except per share amounts):
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WEIGHTED- WEIGHTED- WEIGHTED-
RANGE OF AVERAGE AVERAGE AVERAGE
EXERCISE REMAINING EXERCISE EXERCISE
PRICES SHARES LIFE PRICE SHARES PRICE
(IN YEARS)
- ---------------- ------------- ------------ -------------- -------------- -----------------------
$ 0.37- 14.38 2,040 7.18 $ 1.52 382 $ 2.42
15.00- 23.75 403 6.72 17.21 311 17.27
25.00- 29.06 186 6.78 28.37 137 28.46
31.56- 36.25 202 6.64 34.15 151 34.20
41.25- 49.69 97 3.64 47.19 97 47.19
66.25- 68.75 51 6.63 66.79 39 66.90
86.25-105.45 73 4.67 91.12 73 91.12
------------- --------------
3,052 6.87 $ 12.05 1,190 $ 24.53
============= ==============
59
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
Employee Stock Purchase Plan. On January 11, 1995, our Board of Directors
adopted the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "Purchase Plan"), which was
approved by stockholders in February 1995. The Purchase Plan permits eligible
employees to purchase Common Stock at a discount through payroll deductions
during successive offering periods with a maximum duration of 24 months. Each
offering period shall be divided into consecutive semi-annual purchase periods.
The price at which the Common Stock is purchased under the Purchase Plan is
equal to 85% of the fair market value of the Common Stock on the first day of
the offering period or the last day of the purchase period, whichever is lower.
A total of 300,000 shares of Common Stock have been reserved for issuance under
the Purchase Plan. Awards and terms are established by our Board of Directors.
The Purchase Plan may be canceled at any time at the discretion of our Board of
Directors prior to its expiration in January 2005. Under the Plan, the Company
sold approximately 27,000, 79,000, and 78,000, shares in 2002, 2001, and 2000,
respectively. The Board of Directors suspended the plan in January 2002.
2002 2001 2000
------------- ------------- ------------
Net loss applicable to common stockholders
As reported $(54,306) $ (75,538) $ (69,949)
Pro forma $(57,054) $ (81,676) $ (78,219)
Net loss per share
As reported - Basic and Diluted $ (2.13) $ (4.55) $ (4.50)
Pro forma - Basic and Diluted $ (2.23) $ (4.95) $ (5.00)
Because the Company has adopted the disclosure-only provision of SFAS No. 123,
no compensation expense has been recognized for its stock option plan or for its
stock purchase plan. Had compensation costs for our two stock-based compensation
plans been determined based on the fair value at the grant dates for awards
under those plans, consistent with the method of SFAS 123, our net loss and net
loss per share would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts indicated as
follows:
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of the grant using
the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions used for
grants in 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively: expected volatility of 158%, 125%,
and 95%; weighted-average risk-free interest rates of 3.1%, 4.1% and 6.2%;
weighted-average expected lives of 4.0, 3.5, and 3.7; respectively, and a zero
dividend yield.
The fair value of the employees' stock purchase rights was estimated using the
Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions for 2002, 2001, and 2000,
respectively: expected volatility of 197%, 157%, and 95% weighted-average
risk-free interest rates of 1.7%, 3.5% and 6.2%, weighted-average expected lives
of 0.5, 0.5, and 0.5 years and a dividend yield of zero. The weighted-average
fair value of those purchase rights granted in 2002, 2001, and 2000 was $0.83,
$5.47 and $6.03, respectively.
60
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
401(K) PLAN
The Company sponsors a 401(k) Plan (the "401(k) Plan") which provides
tax-deferred salary deductions for eligible employees. Employees may contribute
up to 15% of their annual compensation to the 401(k) Plan, limited to a maximum
annual amount as set periodically by the Internal Revenue Service. The 401(k)
Plan permits, but does not require, the Company to make matching contributions.
To date, no matching contributions have been made.
8. RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES
In the fourth quarter of 2002, the Company recorded a $5.8 million inventory
related charge to product cost of sales. The Company determined that there was a
need to reevaluate its inventory carrying value in the light of the continuing
world wide slowdown in the global telecommunications market, especially with
regard to an assessment of future demand for the Point-to-Multipoint product
range, and this resulted in a $5 million charge to product cost of sales for
Point-to-Multipoint inventories, and a $0.8 million charge for Spread Spectrum
inventories.
In the first quarter of 2001, the Company recorded a $10 million inventory
related charge to product cost of sales, and incurred a $11.6 million receivable
valuation charge included in general and administrative expenses, as a result of
the bankruptcy of a major customer. In the third quarter of 2001, the Company
determined that there was a need to reevaluate its inventory carrying value in
the light of the significant slowdown in the global telecommunications market
and the phasing out of and replacement of current product designs. The
evaluation included an assessment of future demand for certain of its lower
speed and lower frequency Tel-Link Point-to-Point products, and resulted in
total charges to product cost of sales of approximately $18 million in the
quarter. A further $2 million was charged to product cost of sales in the fourth
quarter of 2001.
In the second quarter of 2000, the Company determined that there was a need to
reevaluate its inventory levels and related accrued liabilities in light of
recent changes in product and customer mix. The evaluation was prompted by a
change in customer mix away from the UK and other European markets and toward
the U.S. market, and the resulting anticipated decrease in demand for certain of
its lower speed and lower frequency Tel-Link Point-to-Point products, and
resulted in total charges of approximately $21.7 million during the second
quarter of 2000. These charges consisted of increases to inventory reserve of
approximately $17.4 million and accrued liabilities of approximately $4.3
million, both relating to our product segment. In addition, the Company
performed a review of the carrying value and remaining life of long-lived assets
associated with our product segment and recorded write-downs of approximately
$15.0 million of goodwill and an approximately $9.9 million write-off of
deferred tax assets in 2000.
The increase in inventory reserves and related purchases liabilities was charged
to product cost of sales in the second quarter of 2000. Of the $17 million
charge for additional reserves, $15.4 million related to the aforementioned
Tel-Link Point-to-Point product line. An additional reserve of approximately
$1.0 million was added in the second quarter of 2000 to adjust carrying value of
certain modules of the Point-to-Multipoint radio line.
61
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
9. SEGMENT REPORTING
For purposes of segment reporting, the Company aggregates operating segments
that have similar economic characteristics and meet the aggregation criteria
specified in SFAS No. 131. The Company has determined that there are two
reportable segments: Product Sales and Service Sales. The Product Sales segment
consists of organizations located primarily in the United States, the United
Kingdom, and Italy, which develop, manufacture, and/or market network access
systems for use in the worldwide wireless telecommunications market. The Service
Sales segment consists of organizations primarily located in the United States,
which provide comprehensive network services including system and program
planning, and management, path design, and installation for the wireless
communications market.
In August 1999, the Company announced its intent to divest its broadcast
equipment business, Technosystem, and concluded that a measurement date had
occurred. Accordingly, beginning in the third quarter of 1999, this business was
reported as a discontinued operation and the amounts presented for prior periods
have been reclassified for appropriate comparability. Technosystem was divested
in the first quarter of 2000. As such, the segment information shown below does
not include Technosystem's financial information. On February 9, 2001, the
Company sold its RT Masts unit which was primarily engaged in providing site
preparation, installation, and which maintenance of wireless broadband radio
systems for cell phone services providers in the UK. RT Masts provided
approximately $20 million in revenues to P-Com's consolidated operations in 2000
and has historically been included as a component of our Service sales segment.
Capital expenditures for long-lived assets are not reported to management by
segment and are excluded as presenting such information is not practical. The
following tables show the operating results and identifiable assets of our
operating segments (in thousands):
FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 2002 PRODUCT SERVICE TOTAL
--------------- -------------- ----------
Sales $ 29,686 $ 3,337 33,023
Loss from operations (42,619) (4,284) (46,903)
Depreciation 6,602 301 6,903
Identifiable assets 32,799 2,924 35,723
Interest expense, net 2,457 9 2,466
FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 2001 PRODUCT SERVICE TOTAL
---------------- -------------- ----------
Sales $ 73,236 $ 30,838 $ 104,074
Loss from operations (83,210) (211) (83,421)
Depreciation 8,845 310 9,155
Identifiable assets 82,459 9,775 92,234
Interest expense, net 1,946 15 1,961
62
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 2000 PRODUCT SERVICE TOTAL
---------------- -------------- ----------
Sales $ 183,606 $ 50,795 $234,401
Income (loss) from operations (46,701) 3,263 (43,438)
Depreciation 10,375 573 10,948
Identifiable assets 194,351 21,868 216,219
Interest expense, net 4,629 121 4,750
The allocation of sales by geographic customer destination and property, plant
and equipment, net are as follows (in thousands):
% OF TOTAL
FOR 2002 2002 2001 2000
------------ ---------- ----------- ----------
Sales:
United States 19% $ 6,286 $ 46,989 $ 130,942
United Kingdom 18% 5,894 32,361 57,061
Continental Europe 14% 4,487 2,289 18,135
Asia 45% 15,018 16,495 8,637
Other geographic regions
4% 1,338 5,940 19,626
------------ ---------- ----------- ----------
Total 100.0% $ 33,023 $ 104,074 $ 234,401
============ ========== =========== ==========
2002 2001
----------------- ----------------
Property, plant, and equipment, net
United States $ 9,589 $ 15,879
United Kingdom 109 345
Italy 1,332 1,388
Other geographic regions 10 15
----------------- ----------------
Total $ 11,040 $ 17,627
================= ================
10. NET LOSS PER SHARE
For purpose of computing diluted net loss per share, weighted average common
share equivalents do not include stock options with an exercise price that
exceeds the average fair market value of our Common Stock for the period because
the effect would be antidilutive. Also, because losses were incurred in the
years 2002, 2001, and 2000, all options, warrants, and convertible notes are
excluded from the computations of diluted net loss per share because they are
antidilutive.
63
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
11. INCOME TAXES
Loss before extraordinary items, income taxes and cumulative effect of
accounting change consists of the following (in thousands):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2002 2001 2000
---------------- --------------- ----------------
Domestic $(50,370) $(77,087) $(55,511)
Foreign $ (299) 974 346
---------------- --------------- ----------------
$(50,669) $(76,113) $(55,165)
================ =============== ================
The provision (benefit) for income taxes consists of the following (in
thousands):
2002 2001 2000
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
Current:
Federal $ (503) $ (1,131) $ -
State - 13 -
Foreign 33 543 1,282
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
(470) (575) 1,282
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
Deferred:
Federal - - 8,792
State - - 1,066
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
- - 9,858
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
Total $ (470) $ (575) $ 11,140
================ ================ ================
64
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
Deferred tax assets consist of the following (in thousands):
DECEMBER 31,
2002 2001
---------------- ----------------
Net operating loss carryforwards $ 80,082 $ 70,810
Credit carryforwards 11,183 10,267
Net operating loss carry forwards 9,765 13,235
Credit carryforwards 20,614 22,353
---------------- ----------------
Intangible assets 121,644 116,665
Valuation allowance (121,644) (116,665)
---------------- ----------------
Net deferred tax asset $ - $ -
================ ================
For federal and state tax purposes, a portion of the Company's net operating
loss carry forwards may be subject to certain limitations on utilization in case
of change in ownership as defined by federal and state tax law.
Deferred income taxes reflect the tax consequences on future years of
differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their bases for
financial reporting purposes. In addition, future tax benefits, such as net
operating loss carry forwards, are recognized to the extent that realization of
such benefits is more likely than not. The Company has assessed its ability to
realize future tax benefits, and concluded that as a result of the history of
losses, it was more likely than not, that such benefits would not be realized.
Accordingly, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against future
tax benefits.
As of December 31, 2002, the Company had federal net operating loss carryforward
of approximately $220,000,000. If not utilized, the losses will begin to expire
in 2017.
Reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to our effective tax
rate is as follows:
2002 2001 2000
------------- --------------- ---------------
U.S. federal statutory rate 35.0% 35.0% 35.0%
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit 0.0 0.0 0.0
Change in valuation allowance 0.0 0.0 (17.9)
Foreign income taxes at different rate 0.5 (0.7) (2.3)
Net operating loss (35.0) (35.0) (35.0)
Other, net (1.4) 0.0 0.0
------------- --------------- ---------------
(0.9)% (0.7)% (20.2)%
============= =============== ===============
65
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
12. ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
On March 28, 1998, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets,
and on April 1, 1998, the accounts receivable of the Wireless Communications
Group of Cylink Corporation ("Cylink Wireless Group"), a Sunnyvale,
California-based company, for $46.0 million in cash and $14.5 million in a
short-term note, non-interest bearing unsecured subordinated promissory note due
July 6, 1998. The Cylink Wireless Group designs, manufactures and markets spread
spectrum radio products for voice and data applications in both domestic and
international markets. The Company accounted for this acquisition as a purchase
business combination. The results of the Cylink Wireless Group were included
from the date of acquisition.
During 1998, the Company acquired the remaining interest in Geritel and
the assets of Cemetel S.r.l., a service company located in Carsoli, Italy. These
acquisitions were not material to the consolidated financial statements or the
results of operations of the Company.
On February 24, 1997, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding stock
of Technosystem, for aggregate payments of $3.3 million and the assumption of
long-term debt of approximately $12.7 million in addition to other liabilities.
The Company initially paid $2.6 million in cash, and an additional payment of
$0.7 million was made on March 31, 1998. Technosystem designs, manufactures and
markets equipment for transmitters and transponders for television and radio
broadcasting. In 1999 the Company announced its intention to dispose of
Technosystem and completed its disposition in 2000.
On March 7, 1997, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of
Columbia Spectrum Management, L.P. ("CSM"), a Vienna, Virginia-based company,
for $7.8 million in cash and 797,000 shares of Common Stock valued at
approximately $14.5 million. CSM provides turnkey relocation services for
microwave paths over spectrum allocated by the Federal Communications Commission
for Personal Communications Services and other emerging technologies.
The Company accounted for its acquisitions of Technosystem and CSM based on
the purchase method of accounting. The results of these acquired entities are
included from the date of acquisition. Goodwill and other intangible assets
recorded as a result of the purchase of CSM and Technosystem are being amortized
over twenty and ten years, respectively, using the straight-line method.
On May 29, 1997, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of
capital stock of Control Resources Corporation, a provider of integrated network
access devices to network service providers, in exchange for 1,503,000 shares of
the Company's Common Stock.
On November 27, 1997, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of
capital stock of RT Masts Limited and Telematics in exchange for 766,000 and
248,000 shares of our Common Stock, respectively. RT Masts, located in
Wellingborough, Northhamptonshire, U.K. and Telematics, located in Herndon,
Virginia, supply, install and maintain telecommunications systems and structure
including antennas covering high frequency, medium frequency and microwave
systems.
66
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
The Company accounted for its acquisitions of Control Resources
Corporation, RT Masts and Telematics as pooling-of-interests.
In February 2000, the Company completed the divestiture of two Italian
subsidiaries, Technosystem, S.p.A. and Cemetel S.r.L., resulting in additional
losses for the first quarter of 2000 of approximately $4.0 million and $3.5
million, respectively.
In April 2000, the Company sold Control Resources Corporation resulting in a
gain of approximately $2.6 million.
On February 7, 2001 the Company sold RT Masts Limited, to SpectraSite Transco,
for approximately $12 million in cash, an additional $750,000 in a 6-month
escrow account, and a $750,000 note receivable due in 2008 with interest due
annually at LIBOR, realizing a gain of $9.8 million on the transaction.
13. COMMITMENTS
OBLIGATIONS UNDER CAPITAL AND OPERATING LEASES
In August 1998, the Company entered into a capital lease for equipment in the
amount of $1,600 with interest accruing at the rate of 6.3% per annum. The lease
is accounted for as a sale-leaseback transaction, which expires in January 2003.
In 2000, the Company entered into several capital leases for equipment in the
amount of $1,869 with interest accruing at 11%. These leases expire in 2002. In
2001, the Company entered into several capital leases for equipment in the
amount of $ 3,212 with interest accruing of 11%. In 2002, the Company entered
into several capital leases for equipment in the amount of $459 with interest
accruing of 7.25%. Future minimum lease payments required under these leases are
as follows (in thousands):
YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31,
- ------------------------
2003 $ 827
2004 2,129
-----------------------
Total minimum lease payments 2,956
Less: Amount representing interest ( 444)
-----------------------
Present value of net minimum lease payments $ 2,512
=======================
The present value of net minimum lease payments are reflected in the December
31, 2002 and 2001 balance sheets as a component of other accrued liabilities and
other long-term liabilities of $2,512 and $2,775, respectively.
The Company leases its facilities under non-cancelable operating leases, which
expire at various times through 2008. The leases require the Company to pay
taxes, maintenance and repair costs. Future minimum lease payments under our
non-cancelable operating leases at December 31, 2002 are as follows (in
thousands):
67
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31,
- ------------------------
2003 $ 3,001
2004 3,215
2005 3,091
2006 482
2007 402
Thereafter 64
-------------------------
$ 10,255
=========================
During 2002, 2001, and 2000, the amount of rent expense incurred by the Company
under non-cancelable operating leases was $3,230, $4,196, and $3,180,
respectively.
14. CONTINGENCIES
In September and October 1998, several class action complaints were filed in the
Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara, on behalf of Company
stockholders who purchased or otherwise acquired its Common Stock between April
1997 and September 11, 1998. The plaintiffs alleged various state securities
laws violations by the Company and certain of its officers and directors. The
complaints sought compensatory, punitive and other damages, attorneys' fees and
injunctive and/or equitable relief.
On December 3, 1998, the Superior Court of California, County of Santa Clara,
entered an order consolidating all of the above complaints. The Company reached
an agreement in principle on October 25, 2001 to settle the consolidated
securities class action suit. On February 8, 2002, pursuant to that agreement in
principle, the court entered final judgment approving the settlement. Under the
terms of the settlement, all claims against the Company and all other defendants
were dismissed without admission of liability or wrong doing by any party. The
$16 million settlement was funded entirely by our directors and officers
liability insurance.
15. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
The following provides additional information concerning supplemental disclosure
of cash flow activities.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2002 2001 2000
------------- -------------- -------------
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid for income taxes $ - $ 353 $ 435
============= ============== =============
Cash paid for interest $ 1,829 $ 1,605 $ 2,725
============= ============== =============
NON-CASH TRANSACTIONS
During 2002 and 2001, $459 and $3,212 of fixed assets were acquired through the
assumption of capital lease liabilities respectively.
68
P-COM, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED
During 2002 and 2000 the Company issued shares of Common Stock in exchange for
Convertible Subordinated Notes. In conjunction with these transactions, the
Company recorded Notes conversion expense of $711 for the year ended December
31, 2002, in accordance with FAS 84, and extraordinary gain of $1.4 million and
$1.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2000,
respectively. See Note 5 for additional information.
During 2002, the Company issued shares of Common Stock valued at $1.27 million
in connection with various settlement payment to vendors. The Company also
issued warrants to purchase common stock to a consultant in lieu of services
rendered, to the bank for the bank line of credit, to investors in conjunction
with the common stock issuances, and certain warrant holders anti-dilution
adjustments.
16. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In June 2002, the Company paid $2.5 million professional fees, and in March 2002
issued 600,000 common stock warrants at an exercise price of $1.02 per share, to
Cagan McAfee Capital Partners ("CMCP") in connection with services rendered for
restructuring of the 4.25% Notes, financial advisory services for arranging the
bank line of credit and equity raising transactions, and retainer fees. CMCP
invested in approximately 25% of the private equity placement of $8.25 million
completed in June 2002. The Company further paid consulting fees totaling
approximately $264,000 in 2002 to CMCP.
Myntahl Corporation, an appointed distributor in China also invested
approximately 13% of the private equity placement of $8.25 million completed in
June 2002. The Company further has sales of approximately $4.2 million to
Myntahl, and paid approximately $0.5 million in commission and $0.2 million in
consulting fees to Myntahl during the year ended December 31, 2002.
17. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company issued 2,100,000 common stock at $0.18 a share to an existing
stockholder for cash in January 2003.
Effective March 10, 2003, the Company's Common Stock was delisted by the Nasdaq
SmallCap Market, and is now traded on the OTC Bulletin Board of the National
Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., under the symbol PCOM.OB.
On March 26, 2003, the Company issued $1.5 million 10% Convertible Bridge Notes,
with maturity date of one year from the date of issuance. The 10% Notes are
automatically convertible to common stock upon the Company completing an
additional $3 million minimum equity or equity-linked financing at a 10% or 20%
premium to the face value of the 10% Notes, subject to the execution of certain
financing transactions. The 10% Notes are subordinated to the existing secured
bank line of credit, but senior to the $22.4 million outstanding 7% Convertible
Notes, due November 1, 2005.
69
P-COM, INC.
SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA - UNAUDITED
The following is in thousands, except per share data:
THREE MONTHS ENDED
MARCH 31, JUNE 30, SEPTEMBER 30, DECEMBER 31,
---------------- -------------- ---------------- --------------
2002
Sales $ 8,340 $ 8,736 $ 7,450 $ 8,497
Gross profit (loss) $ 813 $ 1,443 $ 797 $ (3,953)
Loss before extraordinary item and
cumulative effect of change in
accounting principle $ (9,675) $ (9,435) $ (9,003) $ (22,086)
Net loss $ (15,175) $ (8,042) $ (9,003) $ (22,086)
Net loss per common share:
Loss from operations $ (0.55) $ (0.43) $ (0.29) $ (0.57)
Extraordinary gain on
retirement of Notes - $ 0.06 $ - $ -
Cumulative effect of change in
accounting principle $ (0.35) $ - $ - $ -
Basic and diluted $ (0.90) $ (0.37) $ (0.29) $ (0.57)
THREE MONTHS ENDED
MARCH 31, JUNE 30, SEPTEMBER 30, DECEMBER 31,
---------------- -------------- ---------------- --------------
2001
Sales $ 59,173 $ 27,245 $ 10,251 $ 7,405
Gross profit (loss) $ 6,920 $ 3,725 $ (19,529) $ (5,556)
Net loss $ (10,187) $ (10,154) $ (37,271) $ (17,926)
Net loss per common share:
Basic and diluted $ (0.66) $ (0.65) $ (2.20) $ (1.05)
70
SCHEDULE II
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2000, 2001, AND 2002
(IN THOUSANDS)
ADDITIONS
BALANCE AT CHARGED TO DEDUCTIONS
BEGINNING STATEMENT FROM BALANCE AT
OF YEAR OF OPERATIONS RESERVES END OF YEAR
------------------ -------------------- ---------------- -------------------
Allowance for doubtful accounts:
Year ended December 31, 2000 $ 14,899 696 (11,785) 3,810
Year ended December 31, 2001 3,810 11,837 * (14,567) 1,080
Year ended December 31, 2002 1,080 258 (959) 379
Inventory related reserves:
Year ended December 31, 2000 $ 16,180 17,361 (7,551) 25,990
Year ended December 31, 2001 25,990 30,000 (17,393) 38,597
Year ended December 31, 2002 38,597 5,770 (4,800) 39,567
* $11.6 million was a direct result of the bankruptcy of Winstar.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES
Not applicable
71
P-COM, INC.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The Board is authorized to have seven directors. The executive officers and
directors of the Company, their ages as of March 31, 2003 and their positions
and their backgrounds are as follows:
NAME AGE POSITION
- ---- --- --------
George P. Roberts 70 Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Leighton J. Stephenson 54 Chief Financial Officer, Vice President
Alan T. Wright 54 Chief Operating Officer
Ben L. Jarvis 65 Executive Vice President and
General Manager, P-Com Network Services
John R. Wood 47 Senior Vice President and Chief Technical Officer
Randall L. Carl 40 Senior Vice President, Worldwide Sales
Brian T. Josling 60 Director
John A. Hawkins 42 Director
Frederick Fromm 53 Director
Brig. General (Ret)
Harold Johnson 79 Director (Resigned on January 16, 2003)
BACKGROUND
The principal occupations of each executive officer and director of the Company
for at least the last five years are as follows:
GEORGE P. ROBERTS
Mr. Roberts is a founder of the Company and has served as Chief Executive
Officer and Director since October 1991 to May 2001, and has served as interim
Chief Executive Officer since January 2002. Since September 1993, he has also
served as Chairman of the Board of Directors. Mr. Roberts' term as a director of
the Company ends upon the 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
LEIGHTON J. STEPHENSON
Mr. Stephenson has served as Vice President, Finance and Administration and
Chief Financial Officer since September 2000. From 1993 to 2000 he served as
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, and Secretary of Vallen Corporation, a Texas
company engaged in manufacturing and distribution of industrial safety products
and services.
ALAN T. WRIGHT
Mr. Wright has served as Chief Operating Officer since December 2001. Mr. Wright
previously served as Executive Vice President of Operations from March 2000 to
December 2001, and in the same position from 1997 to 1998. From 1998 to 1999 he
served as Senior Operations Advisor and was a private investor from 1996 to 1997
and 1999 to 2000.
BEN L. JARVIS
Mr. Jarvis has served as Executive Vice President and General Manager of P-Com
Network Services since May of 2000. From September of 1998 to November of 1999
72
he served as Senior Vice President of Operations and Engineering for Alaska
Communications Systems, the local wireline telephone service provider for
Alaska. From 1996 to August of 1998, he served as Chief Operating Officer of
Amaritel S.A. DE C.V., a competitive local exchange carrier with its
headquarters in Mexico City, Mexico and from 1993 to 1996,he served as Chief
Executive Officer of U.S. Global Telecommunications, Inc., a Hungarian provider
of local telephone and facilities based long distance services.
JOHN WOOD
Mr. Wood was appointed Senior Vice President of Technology Strategies of the
Company in January 1997. From April 1993 to January 1997, Mr. Wood served as
Vice President, Engineering for the Company. Mr. Wood was appointed Chief
Technical Officer in January 2002.
RANDALL L. CARL
Mr. Carl has held a variety of management roles since he joined P-Com in 1992.
These include Vice President of Sales Asia-Pacific, Vice President & General
Manager of Point-to-Point Business Unit, Vice President of Product Strategy and
Vice President of Marketing. Prior to P-Com, Mr. Carl served in technical
marketing and systems engineering roles for Digital Microwave Corporation and
Avantek Inc.
BRIAN T. JOSLING
Mr. Josling has served as Director of the Company since September 1999. From
December 2000 to September 2002 he served as the President of Fuel Cells,
Canada. From 1997 to 1999, Mr. Josling was a division President for
Rogers ATT, Canada's national cellular telephone carrier, and director of an
association promoting the fuel cell industry in Canada. Mr. Josling's term as
a director of the Company ends upon the 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
JOHN A. HAWKINS
Mr. Hawkins has served as a Director of the Company since September 1991. Since
August 1995, Mr. Hawkins has been a General Partner of Generation Capital
Partners, L.P., a private equity firm. Mr. Hawkins term as a director of the
Company ends upon the 2003 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
FREDERICK FROMM
Mr. Fromm has served as a Director of the Company since June 2001. From July
2000, until January 2003, Mr. Fromm served as president of Oplink
Communications, Inc. From 1997 to 2000, Mr. Fromm served as president and Chief
Executive Officer at Siemens Telecom Networks, Inc., a telecommunications
equipment company. During this time Mr. Fromm also oversaw the spin-off of
Optisphere Networks, Inc. a wholly owned subsidiary of Siemens, Inc. and served
as Chief Executive officer of Optishere Networks until October 2002. Mr.
Fromm's term as a director of the Company ends upon the 2004 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders.
BRIG. GENERAL HAROLD JOHNSON (RET.)(resigned on January 16, 2003)
Mr. Johnson served as a Director of P-Com from June 2001. From 1997 to
1999, General Johnson served as Senior Vice President, Business Development of
The Fairchild Corporation, a defense and commercial aircraft contractor. Since
January 1999 General Johnson has served as a partner in Aragon Ventures, LLC in
Palo Alto, California, a company providing investment capital to high technology
enterprises. He currently serves as Chairman of the board of directors of KLT
Telecom, Inc., a telecommunications company focusing on telemedicine and
73
diagnostics. General Johnson resigned as a director of the Company on January
16, 2003.
BOARD COMMITTEES AND MEETINGS
The Board of Directors held 25 meetings and acted by unanimous written consent
13 times during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002. The Board of Directors
has an Audit Committee and a Compensation Committee. Each director attended or
participated in 75% or more of the aggregate of (i) the total number of meetings
of the Board of Directors and (ii) the total number of meetings held by all
committees of the Board on which such director served during 2002.
The Audit Committee currently consists of two directors, Mr. Josling and Mr.
Fromm, subsequent to the resignation of Mr. Johnson. The committee is primarily
responsible for approving the services performed by our independent accountants
and reviewing their reports regarding our accounting practices and systems of
internal accounting controls. Neither Committee member has been or is currently
an employee of the Company. Neither Committee member has any consulting or
advisory relationship with the Company that calls for payment of a compensatory
fee. The Audit Committee held 4 meetings during 2002.
As of the date of this filing, the Audit Committee does not have a member who
qualifies as a financial expert. The Board of Directors is actively seeking at
least one additional member at present, and identifying and adding a member who
qualifies under the regulatory definition as a financial expert is the highest
priority.
The Compensation Committee currently consists of two directors, Mr. Hawkins and
Mr. Fromm, and is primarily responsible for reviewing and approving our general
compensation policies and setting compensation levels for our executive
officers. The Compensation Committee also has the authority to administer our
Employee Stock Purchase Plan and our 1995 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan and
to make option grants there under. The Compensation Committee did not hold any
meetings and acted by unanimous written consent 11 times during 2002.
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION
Non-employee board members do not receive cash compensation for their services
as directors.
Under the Automatic Option Grant Program as now contained in our 1995 Stock
Option/Stock Issuance Plan (the "1995 Plan"), each individual who first joins
the Board as a non-employee will receive, at the time of such initial election
or appointment, an automatic option grant to purchase 40,000 shares of Common
Stock, provided such person has not previously been in our employ. In addition,
on the date of each annual stockholders meeting, each individual who continues
to serve as a non-employee Board member, whether or not such individual is
standing for re-election at that particular Annual Meeting, will be granted an
option to purchase 4,000 shares of Common Stock, provided such individual has
not received an option grant under the Automatic Option Grant Program within the
preceding six months. Each grant under the Automatic Option Grant Program will
have an exercise price per share equal to 100% of the fair market value per
share of our Common Stock on the grant date, and will have a maximum term of ten
(10) years, subject to earlier termination should the optionee cease to serve as
a Board of Directors member.
Code of Ethics
The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to the Company's
Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Controller, Treasurer,
and Financial Reporting Officer, or persons performing similar functions.
A copy of the Company's Code of Ethics is filed as Exhibit 99._ hereto.
P-Com will provide to the public, free of charge, a copy of the code
of ethics upon request in writing to P-Com's chief financial officer at
P-Com at 3175 S. Winchester Blvd., Campbell, CA 95008.
74
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION AND RELATED INFORMATION
The following table provides certain information summarizing the compensation
earned for services rendered in all capacities to company and its subsidiaries
for each of the last three fiscal years by (i)our Chief Executive Officer, and
(ii) each of our four other most highly compensated executive officers, who were
executive officers on December 31,2002 and whose salary and bonus for the fiscal
year ended December 31, 2002 (the "2002 Fiscal Year") was in excess of $100,000
(collectively, the "Named Executive Officers").
2002 SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
LONG-TERM
-------------------------- COMPENSATION
ANNUAL --------------
COMPENSATION AWARDS
-------------------------- --------------
----------- SECURITIES
------ ------------- BONUS UNDERLYING
YEAR SALARY($)(1) ($) OPTIONS(#)
- -------------------------------------------------------------- ------ ------------- ----------- -------------
NAME AND PRINCIPAL POSITION
- --------------------------------------------------------------
George P. Roberts.................................... 2002 145,670 - 915,443
Chief Executive Officer and 2001 355,175 - -
Chairman of the Board of Directors 2000 376,000 - 75,000
Alan T. Wright....................................... 2002 214,524 65,000
Chief Operating Officer 2001 253,232 96,000 27,000
2000 164,307 25,000 38,000
Ben L. Jarvis........................................ 2002 203,807 - 37,479
Executive Vice President & 2001 242,019 - 14,000
General Manager, P-Com Network Services 2000 151,538 - 20,000
Caroline Baldwin Kahl................................ 2002 150,169 - 27,415
Vice President & General Counsel 2001 171,259 - 12,000
2000 145,961 - 5,000
Leighton J. Stephenson 2002 171,522 - 55,000
VP Finance & Admin and Chief Financial Officer 2001 197,484 - 10,000
2000 66,153 - 45,000
Randall L. Carl...................................... 2002 158,650 11,400 45,000
Senior Vice President, Worldwide Sales 2001 - - -
2000 - - -
- ----------------------------------------------------
(1) Includes amounts deferred under our 401(k) Plan.
The following table contains information concerning the stock option grants made
to each of the named Executive Officers for the 2001 Fiscal Year. No stock
appreciation rights were granted to these individuals during such fiscal year.
75
OPTION GRANTS IN LAST FISCAL YEAR
% OF TOTAL POTENTIAL REALIZABLE
NUMBER OF OPTIONS VALUE AT ASSUMED
SECURITIES GRANTED TO ANNUAL RATES OF STOCK
UNDERLYING EMPLOYEES INDIVIDUAL GRANT PRICE APPRECIATION FOR
-------------------------------
OPTIONS IN FISCAL EXERCISE EXPIRATION OPTION TERM (1)
--------------------------------
GRANTED (#) YEAR PRICE ($/SH) DATE 5% ($) 10% ($)
--------------- --------------- ---------------- -------------- --------------------------------
George P. Roberts 413,999 23.18 $ 1.10 02/04/12 $286,398 $725,789
83,667 4.68 0.75 03/22/12 39,463 100,008
417,777 23.39 0.90 04/24/12 18,780 37,600
Alan T. Wright 65,000 3.64 1.10 02/04/12 44,966 113,953
Ben L. Jarvis 37,479 2.10 1.10 02/04/12 25,928 65,705
Caroline Baldwin Kahl 27,415 1.53 1.10 02/04/12 18,966 48,062
Leighton J. Stephenson 55,000 3.10 1.10 02/04/12 38,048 96,421
Randall L. Carl 25,000 1.40 1.10 02/04/12 17,295 43,828
20,000 1.12 0.90 04/24/12 11,320 28,687
(1) There can be no assurance provided to any executive officer or any other
holder of our securities that the actual stock price appreciation over the
ten-year option term will be at the assumed 5% and 10% levels or at any
other defined level. Unless the market price of the Common Stock
appreciates over the option term, no value will be realized from the option
grants made to the executive officers.
(2) Each option is immediately exercisable for all the option shares, but any
shares purchased under the option will be subject to repurchase by the
Company, at the option exercise price paid per share, should the individual
cease service with the Company prior to vesting in those shares.
Twenty-five percent (25%) of the option shares will vest upon the
optionee's continuation in service through one year following the grant
date and the balance of the shares will vest in thirty-six (36) successive
equal monthly installments upon the optionee's completion of each of the
next thirty-six (36) months of service thereafter. The shares subject to
the option will immediately vest in full should (i) the Company be acquired
by merger or asset sale in which the option is not assumed or replaced by
the acquiring entity or (ii) the optionee's employment be involuntarily
terminated within eighteen (18) months after certain changes in control or
ownership of the Company.
(3) Each option granted on 02/04/02 is exercisable upon the latter of (i) 6
months from the date of grant or (ii) stockholder approval of an increase
to the share reserve for (50%) of the Option shares upon the completion of
one (1) year of Service measured from the Vesting Commencement Date and for
the balance of the Option Shares in a series of twelve (12) successive
equal monthly installments upon completion of each additional month of
Service over twelve (12) month period measured from the first anniversary
of the Vesting Commencement Date.
The table below sets forth certain information with respect to the named
Executive Officers concerning the exercise of options during 2002 and
unexercised options held by such individuals as of the end of such fiscal year.
No SARs were exercised during 2002 nor were any SARs outstanding at the end of
such fiscal year.
76
AGGREGATED OPTION EXERCISES IN LAST FISCAL YEAR
FISCAL YEAR-END OPTION VALUES
NUMBER OF SECURITIES VALUE OF UNEXERCISED
SHARES VALUE UNDERLYING UNEXERCISED IN-THE-MONEY
ACQUIRED REALIZED OPTIONS AT FY-END (#) OPTIONS AT FY-END (1)
-------------------------------- -----------------------------------
ON EXERCISE ($) EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE
NAME (#) (2) (3)
- ------------------------- ---------------- ----------- ------------- ------------------ ---------------- ------------------
George P. Roberts - $ - 598,681 674,429 $ - $ -
Alan T. Wright - - 39,059 90,941 - -
Ben L. Jarvis - - 23,522 51,436 - -
Caroline Baldwin Kahl - - 19,805 35,025 - -
Leighton J. Stephenson - - 30,099 79,901 - -
Randall L. Carl - - 17,708 52,292 - -
(1) Based on the fair market value of the option shares at the 2002 Fiscal
Year-end ($0.19 per share based on the closing selling price on the NASDAQ
National Market as of December 31, 2002) less the exercise price.
(2) Based on the fair market value of the shares on the exercise date less the
exercise price paid for those shares.
(3) The options are immediately exercisable for all the options shares.
However, any shares purchased under the options are subject to repurchase
by the Company, at the original exercise price paid per share, upon the
optionee's cessation of service prior to vesting in such shares. As of
December 31, 2002, the following number of shares were unvested: Mr.
Roberts- 674,429 shares; Mr. Wright- 90,941 shares; Mr. Jarvis- 51,436
shares; and Ms. Kahl- 35,025 shares; and Mr. Stephenson- 79,901; and Mr.
Carl - 52,292 shares. The table shows these as "unexercisable."
EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS, TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS AND CHANGE OF
CONTROL AGREEMENTS
The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, as Plan
Administrator of the 1995 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan, has the authority to
provide for accelerated vesting of the shares of Common Stock subject to any
outstanding options held by the Chief Executive Officer and any other executive
officer or any unvested share issuances actually held by such individual, in
connection with certain changes in control of the Company or the subsequent
termination of the officer's employment following the change in control event.
The Company has entered into severance agreements (the "Agreements")
with George Roberts, Chairman of the Board of Directors and Acting Chief
Executive Officer, Leighton J. Stephenson, Chief Financial Officer and Vice
President, Finance and Administration, and Ben L. Jarvis, Executive Vice
President and General Manager, P-Com Network Services, Inc., (individually, the
"Officer" and collectively the "Officers"), dated May 31, 2001, December 7,
2000,and December 7, 2000 respectively. Each of these Agreements provides for
the following benefits should the Officer's employment terminate, either
voluntarily or involuntarily, for any reason within twenty-four (24) months
following a Change in Control: (a) a severance payment in an amount equal to two
(2) times his annual rate of base salary; (b) a bonus for Mr. Stephenson in an
amount equal to the greater of either (i) two (2) times the full amount of the
Officer's target bonus for the fiscal year in which the termination occurs or
(ii) two (2) times the full amount of his target bonus for the fiscal year in
which a Change in Control occurs, and a bonus for Mr. Roberts in an amount equal
77
to the target bonus specified for the fiscal year in which involuntary
termination occurs; (c) the shares subject to each outstanding option held by
the Officer (to the extent not then otherwise fully vested) will automatically
vest so that each such option will become immediately exercisable for all the
option shares as fully-vested shares (notwithstanding anything in this Form 10-K
to the contrary); and (d) the Company will, at its own expense, provide Mr.
Stephenson and his dependants with continued health care coverage from the
earlier of 24 months from termination or the first date that they are covered
under another employer's benefit program, and for Mr. Roberts and his dependents
continued health care coverage for their lives. A Change in Control will be
deemed to occur under the Agreements upon: (a) a merger or consolidation in
which securities possessing fifty percent (50%) or more of the total combined
voting power of our outstanding securities are transferred to a person or
persons different from the persons holding those securities immediately prior to
such transaction, (b) the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or
substantially all of the assets of the Company in complete liquidation or
dissolution of the Company; (c) a hostile take-over of the Company, whether
effected through a tender offer for more than twenty-five percent (25%) of our
outstanding voting securities or a change in the majority of the Board by one or
more contested elections for Board membership; or (d) the acquisition, directly
or indirectly by any person or related group of persons (other than the Company
or a person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under
common control with, the Company), of beneficial ownership (within the meaning
of Rule 13d-3 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) of securities possessing
more than thirty percent (30%) of the total combined voting power of our
outstanding securities pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made directly to
our stockholders. In addition, each Officer will be entitled to a full tax
gross-up to the extent one or more of the severance benefits provided under his
Agreement are deemed to constitute excess parachute payments under the federal
income tax laws.
In addition to the above severance agreements, the Company also entered into
certain benefits agreements, with Mr. Stephenson, Mr. Jarvis and Alan T. Wright,
Chief Operating Officer, dated April 8, 2002. Each of these agreements provides
for the following benefits should the officers' employment terminate
involuntarily:
o salary continuation payments in an aggregate amount equal to the
greater of the officers' annual base salary in effect immediately
prior to the involuntary termination of the officer's base salary in
effect as of January 1,2002;
o unvested options held by the officers will continue to vest for a
period of one year following the date of the involuntary termination,
and all vested but unexercised options will remain exercisable until
the expiration of the one-year period following the date of the
involuntary termination;
o a lump sum payment for all unpaid vacation days accrued by the officer
through the date of the involuntary termination; and
o indemnification of the officer to the same extent provided for other
officers and directors under P-Com 's restated certificate of
incorporation, bylaws, indemnification agreements and insurance
policies.
The Company has entered into an Employment and Continuity of Benefits Agreement
with George P. Roberts, dated May 31, 2001, outlining his continued employment
with the Company as Chairman of the Board following his resignation as Chief
Executive Officer on May 30, 2001.
78
The agreement provides for (a) an employment period commencing May 31, 2001
through May 30, 2002. Should this agreement remain in effect through May 30,
2002 then Mr. Roberts' employment under this agreement shall automatically renew
for another one-year term commencing May 31, 2002 and continuing through May 30,
2003, unless written notice of non-renewal is received from Mr. Roberts on or
before May 1, 2002; (b) termination of employment may be effected by (1)
resignation by Mr. Roberts with at least 60 days prior written notice, (2)
termination for cause by majority vote of the Board, or (3) failure of our
stockholders to re-elect Mr. Roberts to the Board; (c) cash compensation will be
paid to Mr. Roberts' in a base salary in accordance with the Company's payroll
practices for salaried employees; (d) a target bonus equal to a percentage of
Mr. Roberts base salary may be earned in accordance with our management
incentive program, and shall be determined by the Board; (e) throughout the
employment period, Mr. Roberts shall be eligible to participate in all benefit
plans that are made available to our executives and for which Mr. Roberts
qualifies.
The Company does not have any existing agreements with any named Executive
Officer that establish a specific term of employment for them, and their
employment may accordingly be terminated at any time at the discretion of the
Board of Directors, subject to the agreements described above.
In addition to the indemnification provisions contained in our Amended Restated
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, the Company has entered into separate
indemnification agreements with each of its directors and officers. These
agreements require the Company, among other things, to indemnify such director
or officer against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and
settlements (collectively, "Liabilities") paid by such individual in connection
with any action, suit or proceeding arising out of such individual's status or
service as a director or officer of the Company) other than Liabilities arising
from the willful misconduct or conduct that is knowingly fraudulent or
deliberately dishonest) and to advance expenses incurred by such individual in
connection with any proceeding against such individual with respect to which
such individual may be entitled to indemnification by the Company.
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION
The Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors currently consists of Mr.
Fromm and Mr. Hawkins. Neither of these individuals was an officer or employee
of the Company at any time during the 2002 Fiscal Year or at any other time, nor
they had a business relationship with the Company.
No executive officer of the Company has ever served as a member of the board of
directors or compensation committee of any other entity that has or has had one
or more executive officers serving as a member of our Board of Directors or
Compensation Committee.
REPORT OF THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS ON EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION
"The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors is responsible for
establishing the base salary and incentive cash bonus programs for our executive
officers. The Committee also has the exclusive responsibility for the
administration of our 1995 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan, under which grants
may be made to executive officers and other key employees of the Company.
COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY
Since the initial public offering of our Common Stock in March 1995, it has been
the Committee's policy and objective to provide our executive officers and other
key employees with competitive compensation opportunities based upon their
79
contribution to the financial success of the Company, the enhancement of
corporate and stockholder values, the market levels of compensation in effect at
companies with which the Company competes for executive talent, the financial
resources of the Company and the personal performance of such individuals. The
primary factors that the Committee considered in establishing the compensation
levels of the executive officers for the 2002 fiscal year are summarized below.
The Committee may, however, in its discretion, apply different factors in
setting executive compensation for future fiscal years.
It is the Committee's current objective to have a significant portion of each
officer's overall compensation contingent upon our performance as well as upon
the officer's own level of performance. Accordingly, the compensation package
for each executive officer and key employee is comprised of three elements: (i)
base salary that reflects individual performance and is designed primarily to be
competitive with salary levels in effect at a select group of companies with
which the Company competes for executive talent, (ii) annual performance awards
payable in cash and based upon our financial performance and the market
performance of our common stock and (iii) long-term equity incentive awards with
overlapping vesting schedules that strengthen the mutuality of interests between
the executive officers and our stockholders while fostering retention of
existing personnel.
The Committee recognizes that the highly-specialized industry sector in which
the Company operates is extremely competitive, yet in 2002 was subjected to
extreme economic downturn with significant reduction in force actions prevalent
across most companies in the sector. The current market is one of soft demand
for industry-specific executives, particularly in the engineering and/or
operations management areas. It is crucial that the Company reward and be
assured of retaining the executive personnel essential to the attainment of our
performance goals, and who can successfully manage organizations through
distressed economic times. For these reasons, the Committee believes executive
compensation arrangements must remain competitive with those offered by other
companies of similar complexity and performance records (the "peer group"), but
must realistically track the Company's present financial condition in order to
provide adequate incentive to our executive officers to continue to provide
services to the Company.
CASH COMPENSATION
A key objective of our current executive compensation program is to position its
key executives to earn cash compensation reflective of peer groups in the
current industry climate. During 2002, the Committee reviewed and relied on
technology industry compensation surveys in its assessment of appropriate
compensation levels.
The fiscal year 2002 base salaries for the named executive officers are based
upon a number of factors, including, without limitation, each executive's
performance and contribution to overall company performance, and current
financial condition of the company. Base salary decisions are made as part of a
formal review process. Along with all exempt employees, each executive officer's
salary was reduced by 10% of base salary in April 2002 and again by 20% of base
salary in July 2002.
The annual incentive compensation provided to our executive officers is in the
form of cash bonuses based on the Committee's assessment of our financial
performance for the year, the individual officer's contribution to that
performance, and individual compensation incentive goals. For the 2002 fiscal
year, the Committee recommended a bonus payment of $11,400 to Randall L. Carl,
executive Vice-President of Sales for meeting certain performance objective. No
cash bonus was awarded to any other executive officers.
80
STOCK OPTIONS
Equity incentives are provided primarily through stock option grants under the
1995 Plan. The grants are designed to align the interests of each executive
officer with those of the stockholders and provide each individual with a
significant incentive to manage the Company from the perspective of an owner
with an equity stake in the business. Each grant allows the individual to
acquire shares of our Common Stock at a fixed price per share (the market price
on the grant date) over a specified period of time (up to 10 years). The shares
subject to each option generally vest in installments over a two-to-four-year
period, contingent upon the executive officer's continued employment with the
Company. Accordingly, the option will provide a return to the executive officer
only if the executive officer remains employed by the Company during the
applicable vesting period, and then only if the market price of the underlying
shares appreciates over the option term.
The number of shares subject to each option grant is set at a level intended to
create a meaningful opportunity for stock ownership based on the officer's
current position with the Company, the base salary associated with that
position, the size of comparable awards made to individuals in similar positions
within the industry, the individual's potential for increased responsibility and
promotion over the option term, and the individual's personal performance in
recent periods. The Committee will also take into account the executive
officer's existing holdings of our Common Stock and the number of vested and
unvested options held by that individual in order to maintain an appropriate
level of equity incentive. However, the Committee does not intend to adhere to
any specific guidelines as to the relative option holdings of our executive
officers.
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PERFORMANCE AND COMPENSATION
Mr. George Roberts was elected interim Chief Executive Officer effective January
2002 and did not receive any additional salary over and above his base
compensation as Chairman of the Board of Directors during the year.
Mr. Roberts was granted 413,999 non-qualifying stock options with exercise price
of $1.10, 83,667 non-qualifying stock options with exercise price of $0.75, and
417,777 non-qualifying stock options with exercise price of $0.90 during the
fiscal year.
In the committee's view, the total compensation package provided to Mr. Roberts
for the 2002 fiscal year is appropriate in the markets the industry served, in
light of the Company's current performance.
COMPLIANCE WITH INTERNAL REVENUE CODE SECTION 162(M)
Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code, enacted in 1993, generally
disallows a tax deduction to publicly held companies for compensation exceeding
$1 million paid to certain of the corporation's executive officers. The
limitation applies only to compensation that is not considered to be
performance-based. The non-performance based compensation to be paid to our
executive officers for the 2002 fiscal year did not exceed the $1 million limit
per officer, nor is it expected that the non-performance based compensation to
be paid to our executive officers for fiscal 2003 will exceed that limit.
Options granted under our 1995 Plan are structured so that any compensation
deemed paid to an executive officer in connection with the exercise of those
options will qualify as performance-based compensation that will not be subject
to the $1 million limitation. Because it is very unlikely that the cash
compensation payable to any of our executive officers in the foreseeable future
will approach the $1 million limit, the Compensation Committee has decided at
this time not to take any other action to limit or restructure the elements of
cash compensation payable to our executive officers. The Compensation Committee
will reconsider this decision should the individual compensation of any
81
executive officer ever approach the $1 million level.
It is the opinion of the Compensation Committee that the executive compensation
policies and programs in effect for our executive officers provide an
appropriate level of total remuneration which properly aligns our performance
and the interests of our stockholders with competitive and equitable executive
compensation in a balanced and reasonable manner, for both the short and
long-term."
M. Frederick Fromm
Member, Compensation Committee
John A. Hawkins
Member, Compensation Committee
82
STOCK PERFORMANCE GRAPH FOR 1998 - 2002
The graph depicted below shows a comparison of cumulative total stockholder
returns for the Company, the Standard & Poor's 500 Index and the Standard &
Poor's Communications Equipment Manufacturers Index.
(GRAPHIC OF STOCK PERFORMANCE GRAPH FOR 1998 - 2002)
OMITTED
(1) The graph assumes that $100 was invested on January 1,1998, in our Common
Stock and in each index, and that all dividends were reinvested. No cash
dividends have been declared on our Common Stock.
(2) Stockholder returns over the indicated period should not be considered
indicative of future stockholder returns.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in any of our previous
filings made under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that might incorporate future filings made by
the Company under those statutes, neither the preceding Stock Performance Graph
nor the Compensation Committee Report is to be incorporated by reference into
any such prior filings, nor shall such graph or report be incorporated by
reference into any future filings made by the Company under those statutes.
83
12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth certain information known to the Company with
respect to the beneficial ownership of our Common Stock as of February 28, 2002,
by (i) all persons who are beneficial owners of five percent (5%) or more of our
Common Stock, (ii) each director, (iii) the named Executive Officers, and (iv)
all current directors and executive officers as a group. Unless otherwise
indicated, each of the stockholders has sole voting and investment power with
respect to the shares beneficially owned, subject to community property laws,
where applicable, and has the same address as the Company.
PERCENTAGE
SHARES OF SHARES
BENEFICIALLY BENEFICIALLY
BENEFICIAL OWNER OWNED (#) OWNED(1)
---------------- --------- --------
State of Wisconsin Investment Board .................................... 3,899,652 10.7
P.O. Box 7842
Madison, WI 53707
Alpha Capital Aktiengesellschaft
Pradafant 7
9490 Furtenstums
Vaduz, Lichtenstein..................................................... 2,000,000 5.5
John A. Hawkins (2) .................................................... 24,933 *
Brian T. Josling (3) ................................................... 34,099 *
Frederick R. Fromm (4) ................................................ 23,299 *
Gen. Harold R. Johnson (Ret.) (5) ...................................... 23,299 *
George P. Roberts (6) .................................................. 1,068,450 2.9
Alan T. Wright (7) ..................................................... 82,459 *
Ben L. Jarvis (8) ..................................................... 48,217 *
Leighton J. Stephenson (9) ............................................. 68,252 *
Caroline Baldwin Kahl (10) ............................................. 38,663 *
Randall L. Carl (11) ................................................... 119,167 *
All current directors and executive officers 1,593,849 4.4
as a group (10 persons) (12) ...........................................
* Less than one percent of the outstanding Common Stock.
(1) Percentage of ownership is based on 36,537,644 shares of Common Stock
outstanding on February 28, 2003. Shares of Common Stock subject to
stock options that are currently exercisable or will become
exercisable within 60 days after February 28, 2003 are deemed
outstanding for computing the percentage of the person or group
holding such options, but are not deemed outstanding for computing the
percentage of any other person or group.
(2) Includes 24,933 shares issuable upon exercise of options that are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days after
February 28, 2003.
(3) Includes 28,099 shares issuable upon exercise of options that are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days after
February 28, 2003.
84
(4) Includes 23,299 shares issuable upon exercise of options that are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days after
February 28, 2003.
(5) Includes 23,299 shares issuable upon exercise of options that are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days after
February 28, 2003.
(6) Includes 1,008,346 shares issuable upon exercise of options that are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days after
February 28, 2003.
(7) Includes 81,412 shares issuable upon exercise of options that are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days after
February 28, 2003.
(8) Includes 48,217 shares issuable upon exercise of options that are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days after
February 28, 2003.
(9) Includes 66,765 shares issuable upon exercise of options that are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days after
February 28, 2003.
(10) Includes 37,213 shares issuable upon exercise of options that are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days after
February 28, 2003.
(11) Includes 38,541 shares issuable upon exercise of options that are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days after
February 28, 2003.
(12) Includes 1,433,797 shares issuable upon exercise of options that are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days after
February 28, 2003.
13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
All future transactions between the Company and its officers, directors,
principal stockholders and affiliates will be approved by a majority of the
independent and disinterested members of the Board of Directors, and will be on
terms no less favorable to the Company than could be obtained from unaffiliated
third parties.
14. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Within the 90 days prior to the filing date of this report, the Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, with the
participation of the Company's management, carried out and evaluation of the
effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to
Exchange Act Rule 13a-14. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer
and the Chief Financial Officer believe that, as of the date of the evaluation,
the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective in making known
to them material information relating to the Company (including its consolidated
subsidiaries) required to be included in this report.
Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and
implemented, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving an entity's
disclosure objectives. The likelihood of achieving such objectives is affected
85
by limitations inherent in disclosure controls and procedures. These include the
fact that human judgment in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns
in internal control can occur because of human failures such as simple errors or
mistakes or intentional circumvention of the established process.
There were no significant changes in the Company's internal controls or
in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls, known to the
Chief Executive Officer or the Chief Financial Officer, subsequent to the date
of the evaluation.
86
PART IV
14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on form
10-K:
1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. The following Consolidated Financial Statements
of P-Com, Inc. and its subsidiaries are included in Item 8 of this
Annual Report on Page Financial Statements:
Report of Independent
Accountants.............................................................................. 39
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2002 and 2001................................ 40
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended
December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000........................................................ 41
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity and Comprehensive
Loss for the years ended December 31, 2002 2001, and 2000................................ 42
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended
December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000........................................................ 44
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements............................................... 45
Financial Statement Schedule:
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts.......................................... 71
All other schedules have been omitted because they are not required, are
not applicable, or the information is included in the consolidated
financial statements or notes thereto.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
On November 6, 2002, we filed a Form 8-K current report with regard to
an event of November 1, 2002: the completion of the exchange, issuance
and sale of $22,390,000 aggregate principal amount 7 Convertible
Subordinated Notes due November 1, 2005 (the "Notes"). The Notes were
sold in a private transaction to five institutional accredited investors
pursuant to Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933.
(c) Exhibits - See Exhibit list below.
87
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
3.2 (1) Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware
Secretary of State on March 9, 1995.
3.2A (22) Certificate of Amendment of Restated Certificate of Incorporation
filed with the Delaware Secretary of State in 2000.
3.2B (2) Certificate of Designation for the Series A Junior Participating
Preferred Stock, as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on
October 8, 1997.
3.2C (3) Amended and Restated Certificate of Designation of the Series A
Junior Participating Preferred Stock, as filed with the Delaware
Secretary of State on December 21, 1998.
3.2D (3) Certificate of Designation for the Series B Convertible
Participating Preferred Stock, as filed with the Delaware
Secretary of State on December 21, 1998.
3.2E (3) Certificate of Correction of Certificate of Designations for the
Series B Convertible Participating Preferred Stock, as filed with
the Delaware Secretary of State on December 23, 1998.
3.2F (4) Certificate of Elimination of Series B Convertible Participating
Preferred Stock as filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on
June 15, 1999
3.3 (5) Bylaws of the Company.
4.1 (5) Form of Common Stock Certificate.
4.2 (6) Indenture, dated as of November 1, 1997, between the Registrant
and State Street Bank and Trust Company of California, N.A., as
Trustee.
4.10(7) Amended and Restated Rights Agreement, dated as of January 24,
2001 between the Company and Bank Boston, N.A.
4.11(18) Indenture dated as of November 1, 2002 between P-Com, Inc. and
State Street Bank and Trust Company as Trustee
4.12 Amended and Restated Rights Agreement, dated as of January 22,
2003 between the P-Com, Inc. and Equiserve Trust Company, N.A.,
as Rights Agent.
10.16*(8) 1995 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan, as amended. 1995 Stock
Option/Stock Issuance Plan, including forms of Notices of Grant
of Automatic Stock Option for initial grant and annual grants and
Automatic Stock Option Agreements, as amended.
88
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
10.17*(9) Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended.
10.18 (5) Form of Indemnification Agreement by and between the Company and
each of its officers and directors and a list of signatories.
10.35**(17) Joint Development and License Agreement between Siemens
Aktiengesellschaft and P-COM, Inc. dated June 30, 1998.
10.60(12) Common Stock PIPES Purchase Agreement, dated January 6, 2000, by
and between P-Com and several investors.
10.61(12) Loan and Security Agreement, dated January 14, 2000, by and
between P-Com and Greyrock Capital.
10.62(12) Warrant to Purchase Stock, dated January 14, 2000, to Greyrock
Capital.
10.63(12) Registration Rights Agreement, dated January 14, 2000, by and
between P-Com and Greyrock Capital.
10.64(12) Antidilution Agreement, dated January 14, 2000, by and between
P-Com and Greyrock Capital.
10.65(12) Warrant to Purchase Stock, dated January 14, 2000 to Silicon
Valley Bank.
10.66(12) Registration Rights Agreements, dated January 14, 2000, by and
between P-Com and Silicon Valley Bank.
10.67(12) Antidilution Agreement, dated January 14, 2000, by and between
P-Com and Silicon Valley Bank.
10.74(13) Stock Purchase Warrant between P-Com, Inc. and Marshall Capital
Management, Inc., dated January 20, 2000.
10.76(13) Asset Purchase Agreement between Paradyne Networks, Inc., P-Com,
Inc. and Control Resources Corporation, dated April 5, 2000.
10.77*(13) Promissory note between James Sobczak and P-Com, Inc., dated May
3, 2000.
10.79(14) Letter of Cooperation between China PTIC and P-Com, Inc., dated
July 12, 2000.
10.80(15) Common Stock PIPES Purchase Agreement dated August 11, 2000, by
and between the Company and State of Wisconsin Investment Board.
10.84(15) General Release and Settlement Agreement, dated as of August 28,
2000, by and between the Company and Robert E. Collins.
89
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
10.85*(16) Letter of Offer, dated August 31, 2000, by and between the
Company and Leighton J. Stephenson.
10.86*(10) Severance Agreement dated December 7, 2000 by and between the
Company and Leighton J. Stephenson
10.87(4) Loan and Security Agreement by and between P-Com, Inc., P-Com
Network Services, Inc., and Foothill Capital Corporation, dated
March 29, 2001.
10.90*(4) Employment and Continuity of Benefits Agreement by and between
George Roberts and P-Com, Inc., dated May 31, 2001.**
10.91(11) Common Stock PIPES Agreement, dated July 25, 2001, by and among
P-Com, Inc., Gruber McBaine International, and Lagunitas
Partners, L.P.
10.92(19) Common Stock PIPES Agreement by and among P-Com, Inc and multiple
investors as listed on the Agreement dated June 26, 2002.
10.93*#(20) General Release and Settlement Agreement by and between the
Company and James J. Sobczak dated May 1, 2002.
10.94*#(20) Severance Letter Agreement by and between the Company and
Caroline dated April 8, 2002
10.95*#(20) Severance Letter Agreement by and between the Company and Alan T.
Wright dated April 8, 2002.
10.96*#(20) Form of Amendment to Change in Control Severance Agreement by and
between the Company and the Officers of the Company listed as
signatories thereto.
10.97(20) Form of Letter of Intent regarding Proposed Restructuring of
41/4% Convertible Subordinated Notes due 2002 by and among the
Company and the Beneficial Holders of the Notes dated April 12,
2002.
10.98#(20) Engagement Letter Agreement by and between the Company and Cagan
McAfee Capital Partners dated December 10, 2001 and Addendum
dated June 13, 2002.
10.99(20) Warrant Issuance Agreement by and between the Company and Cagan
McAfee Capital Partners dated December 1, 2001.
90
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
10.100(20) Accounts Receivable Purchase Agreement by and between the Company
and Silicon Valley Bank dated June 26, 2002.
10.101#(20) OEM Agreement by and between the Company and Shanghai Datang
Mobile Communications dated July 1, 2002.
10.102(18) Registration Rights Agreement dated November 1, 2002
10.103(21) Indemnification Agreement between P-Com, Inc. and Caroline B.
Kahl dated September 19, 2002
10.104(21) Agreement for Settlement and Release of Claims between SPC
Electronics America, Inc. and P-Com, Inc. dated April 3, 2002.
10.105(21) Agreement for Settlement and Release of Claims among Remec, Inc.,
Remec Wireless, Inc., and Remec Manufacturing Philippines, Inc.
and P-Com, Inc. and P-Com, Italia S.p.A. dated July 10, 2002.
10.106(21) Agreement for Settlement and Release of Claims by and between
EESA, Inc., EESA Europe S.r.l., and Eltel Engineering S.r.l. and
P-Com, Inc. and P-Com, Italia S.p.A. dated April 23, 2002.
10.107(21) Loan and Security Agreement between P-Com, Inc. and Silicon
Valley Bank dated September 20, 2002
10.108(21) Loan and Security Agreement (Exim Program) between P-Com, Inc.
and Silicon Valley Bank dated September 20, 2002
10.109(21) Secured Promissory Notes issued to Silicon Valley Bank dated
September 20, 2002
10.110(21) Warrant to Purchase Stock Agreement between P-Com, Inc. and
Silicon Valley Bank dated September 20, 2002
10.111(21) Amendment to OEM Agreement between P-Com, Inc. and Shanghai
Datang Mobile Communication effective July 1, 2002
10.112 Senior Subordinated Secured Promissory Notes issued to BBT Fund
LP dated November 1, 2002
10.113 Addendum II as of January 9, 2003 between P-Com, Inc. and Cagan
McAfee Capital Partners (`CMCP') to CMCP Engagement Letter dated
December 10, 2001
10.114 Termination Agreement and Release between P-Com, Inc., XT
Corporation and Telaxis Communications Corp. dated January 7,
2003
10.115 Consulting Agreement with Liviakis Financial Communications dated
February 3, 2003
10.116 Engagement letter with HPC Capital Management dated February 6,
2003
21.1 List of subsidiaries of the Registrant.
91
23.1 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Independent Accountants.
99.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
99.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
99.3 Code of Ethics of P-Com, Inc.
- -----------------------------------------------
* Compensatory benefit arrangement.
# Confidential treatment granted as to certain portions of these exhibits
(1) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit included
in the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-95392)
declared effective with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
August 17, 1995.
(2) Incorporated by reference to exhibit 3 of the Company's Form 8-K filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 14, 1997.
(3) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit to the
Company's Report on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange
on December 24, 1998.
(4) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit to the
Company's Report on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange
on April 2, 2001.
(5) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit included
in the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-88492)
declared effective with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March
2, 1995.
(6) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit included
in the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No.
333-45463) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
February 2, 1998.
(7) Incorporated by reference to identical numbered exhibit to the
Company's Form 8-A/A as filed with the Securities Exchange Commission
on May 7, 2001.
(8) Incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.1 included in the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-55604) as filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 14, 2001.
(9) Incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.1 included in the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-63762) as filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission June 25, 2001.
(10) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit of the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarterly period
ended June 30, 2001.
92
(11) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit of the
Company's Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on August 9, 2001.
(12) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit of the
Company's Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on January 25, 2000.
(13) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit included
in the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3/A (File No.
333-70937) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May
4, 2000.
(14) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit included
in the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3/A (File No.
333-70937) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
August 24, 2000.
(15) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit of the
Company's Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on August 11, 2000.
(16) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit of the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarterly period
ended September 30, 2000.
(17) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit of the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
June 30, 1998.
(18) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit of the
Company's Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on November 6, 2002.
(19) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit to the
Company's Report on Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange
on June 26, 2002.
(20) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit of the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
June 30, 2002 filed on August 14, 2002.
(21) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit of the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
September 30, 2002 filed on November 14, 2002.
(22) Incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit of the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
September 30, 2001 filed on November 13, 2001.
93
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Date: March 31, 2003 By: /s/ George P. Roberts
---------------------------------
George P. Roberts
Chairman of the Board and
Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report
has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and
in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature Title Date
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive
Officer
/s/ George P. Roberts (Principal Executive Officer) March 31, 2003
- --------------------------------------------------
George P. Roberts
Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal
/s/ Leighton J. Stephenson Accounting Officer) March 31, 2003
- --------------------------------------------------
Leighton J. Stephenson
/s/ Brian T. Josling Director of the Company March 31, 2003
- --------------------------------------------------
Brian T. Josling
/s/ John A. Hawkins Director of the Company March 31, 2003
- --------------------------------------------------
John A. Hawkins
/s/ Frederick R. Fromm Director of the Company March 31, 2003
- --------------------------------------------------
Frederick R. Fromm
94
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, George P. Roberts, the principal executive officer of P-COM, Inc., certify
that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of P-COM, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances
under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to
the period covered by this annual report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial
information included in this annual report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operation and
cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in
this annual report;
4. The registrant's other certifying officers and I are responsible for
establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14, for the registrant
and have:
4.1 Designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that
material information relating to the registrant, including its
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within
those entities, particularly during the period in which this
annual report is being prepared;
4.2 Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure
controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the
filing date of this annual report (the "Evaluation Date"); and
4.3 Presented in this annual report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on
our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;
5. The registrant's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based
on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant's auditors and the
audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):
5.1 All significant deficiencies in the design or operation of
internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant's
ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data
and have identified for the registrant's auditors any material
weaknesses in internal controls; and
5.2 Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or
other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's
internal controls; and
95
6. The registrant's other certifying officers and I have indicated in
this annual report whether there were significant changes in internal
controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal
controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation,
including any corrective actions with regard to significant
deficiencies and material weaknesses.
Date: March 31, 2003 /s/ George P. Roberts
--------------------------------
George P. Roberts
Chief Executive Officer
96
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Leighton J. Stephenson, the principal financial officer of P-COM, Inc.,
certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of P-COM, Inc.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances
under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to
the period covered by this annual report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial
information included in this annual report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operation and
cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in
this annual report;
4. The registrant's other certifying officers and I are responsible for
establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14, for the registrant
and have:
4.1 Designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that
material information relating to the registrant, including its
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within
those entities, particularly during the period in which this
annual report is being prepared;
4.2 Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure
controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the
filing date of this annual report (the "Evaluation Date"); and
4.3 Presented in this annual report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on
our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;
5. The registrant's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based
on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant's auditors and the
audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):
5.1 All significant deficiencies in the design or operation of
internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant's
ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data
and have identified for the registrant's auditors any material
weaknesses in internal controls; and
97
5.2 Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or
other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's
internal controls; and
6. The registrant's other certifying officers and I have indicated in
this annual report whether there were significant changes in internal
controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal
controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation,
including any corrective actions with regard to significant
deficiencies and material weaknesses.
Date: March 31, 2003 /s/ Leighton J. Stephenson
----------------------------------
Leighton J. Stephenson
Chief Financial Officer
98