UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
(Mark One) | ||
ý | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2004 | ||
or |
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o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
For the transition period from to | ||
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 0-13660 |
||
|
DELAWARE | 95-4340340 | |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
350 SOUTH GRAND AVE, LOS ANGELES, CA 90071-3459 | ||
(Address of principal executive offices) | ||
323-210-5000 | ||
(Issuer's telephone number) | ||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the issuer was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No ý
At May 11, 2004, Registrant had 7,170,569 shares of common stock outstanding.
Item No. | Page Number |
PART
I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
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Item 1. | Financial Statements | 2 |
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Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2004 (Unaudited) and June 30, 2003 (Audited) | 2 | |||
Condensed Consolidated Income Statements for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 (Unaudited) | 3 | |||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 (Unaudited) | 4 | |||
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 5 |
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Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 10 | ||
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 10 | ||
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 41 | ||
PART
II - OTHER INFORMATION |
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Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 43 | ||
Item 2. | Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds | 43 | ||
Item
3. |
Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 43 | ||
Item
4. |
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | 43 | ||
Item
5. |
Other Information | 43 | ||
Item 6. | Exhibits and Reports on Form 8 K | 43 | ||
Signature Page | 45 | |||
AAMES
FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
March 31,
2004 (Unaudited) |
June 30, 2003 (Audited) |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASSETS |
|||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ 17,071,000 | $ 23,860,000 | |||
Loans held for sale, at lower of cost or market | 797,144,000 | 401,001,000 | |||
Advances and other receivables | 22,097,000 | 41,315,000 | |||
Residual interests, at estimated fair value | 48,486,000 | 129,232,000 | |||
Deferred income taxes | 24,575,000 | -- | |||
Equipment and improvements, net | 8,952,000 | 8,928,000 | |||
Prepaid and other | 16,050,000 | 17,676,000 | |||
Total assets | $ 934,375,000 | $ 622,012,000 | |||
LIABILITIES
AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
|||||
Borrowings | $ 82,718,000 | $ 138,512,000 | |||
Revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities | 699,641,000 | 343,675,000 | |||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 35,132,000 | 32,544,000 | |||
Accrued dividends on convertible preferred stock | -- | 51,232,000 | |||
Income taxes payable | 7,385,000 | 3,075,000 | |||
Total liabilities | 824,876,000 | 569,038,000 | |||
Commitments and contingencies | |||||
Stockholders equity: | |||||
Series A Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share; 500,000 shares | |||||
authorized; none outstanding | -- | -- | |||
Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share; | |||||
29,704,000 shares authorized; 26,704,000 shares outstanding | 27,000 | 27,000 | |||
Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share; | |||||
34,500,000 and 61,230,000 shares authorized; 19,794,000 shares and | |||||
20,175,000 shares outstanding | 20,000 | 20,000 | |||
Series D Convertible Preferred Stock; par value $0.001 per share; | |||||
108,566,000 shares authorized; 59,920,000 shares and 59,923,000 shares | |||||
outstanding | 60,000 | 60,000 | |||
Series E Preferred Stock; par value $0.001 per share; 26,700,000 shares | |||||
authorized; none outstanding | -- | -- | |||
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share; 400,000,000 shares authorized; | |||||
7,164,000 shares and 6,699,000 shares outstanding | 7,000 | 7,000 | |||
Additional paid-in capital | 418,095,000 | 418,118,000 | |||
Retained deficit | (308,710,000 | ) | (365,258,000 | ) | |
Total stockholders equity | 109,499,000 | 52,974,000 | |||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity | $ 934,375,000 | $ 622,012,000 | |||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
2
Three Months
Ended March 31, |
Nine Months
Ended March 31, |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | 2003 | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Revenue: | |||||||||
Gain on sale of loans | $ 62,948,000 | $35,157,000 | $ 153,093,000 | $ 99,216,000 | |||||
Write-down of residual interests | -- | -- | -- | (31,923,000 | ) | ||||
Origination fees | 12,980,000 | 12,435,000 | 45,416,000 | 40,125,000 | |||||
Loan servicing | 2,155,000 | 1,252,000 | 6,332,000 | 6,336,000 | |||||
Debt extinguishment income | -- | 83,000 | -- | 27,175,000 | |||||
Interest | 17,621,000 | 16,556,000 | 50,217,000 | 55,913,000 | |||||
Total revenue, including | |||||||||
write-down of residual | |||||||||
interests | 95,704,000 | 65,483,000 | 255,058,000 | 196,842,000 | |||||
Expenses: | |||||||||
Personnel | 46,676,000 | 31,904,000 | 127,569,000 | 98,781,000 | |||||
Production | 10,333,000 | 6,832,000 | 26,107,000 | 18,647,000 | |||||
General and administrative | 11,375,000 | 10,958,000 | 33,735,000 | 30,235,000 | |||||
Interest | 6,523,000 | 8,198,000 | 18,983,000 | 27,408,000 | |||||
Total expenses | 74,907,000 | 57,892,000 | 206,394,000 | 175,071,000 | |||||
Income before income taxes | 20,797,000 | 7,591,000 | 48,664,000 | 21,771,000 | |||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | (93,000 | ) | 900,000 | (18,069,000 | ) | 3,086,000 | |||
Net income | $ 20,890,000 | $ 6,691,000 | $ 66,733,000 | $ 18,685,000 | |||||
Net income to common stockholders: | |||||||||
Basic | $ 18,021,000 | $ 2,919,000 | $ 56,548,000 | $ 9,057,000 | |||||
Diluted | $ 21,412,000 | $ 6,691,000 | $ 68,300,000 | $ 18,685,000 | |||||
Net income per common share: | |||||||||
Basic | $ 2.53 | $ 0.44 | $ 8.07 | $ 1.39 | |||||
Diluted | $ 0.20 | $ 0.07 | $ 0.65 | $ 0.20 | |||||
Weighted average number of common | |||||||||
shares outstanding: | |||||||||
Basic | 7,120,000 | 6,595,000 | 7,009,000 | 6,530,000 | |||||
Diluted | 104,800,000 | 98,339,000 | 104,333,000 | 92,933,000 | |||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
AAMES
FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
Nine Months
Ended March 31, |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | 2003 | ||||
Operating activities: | |||||
Net income | $ 66,733,000 | $ 18,685,000 | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating | |||||
activities: | |||||
Depreciation and amortization | 3,065,000 | 3,081,000 | |||
Write-down of residual interests | -- | 31,923,000 | |||
Accretion of residual interests | (4,357,000 | ) | (14,248,000 | ) | |
Deferred income taxes | (24,575,000 | ) | -- | ||
Mortgage servicing rights amortized | 220,000 | 2,108,000 | |||
Debt extinguishment income | -- | (27,175,000 | ) | ||
Changes in assets and liabilities: | |||||
Loans held for sale originated | (5,023,125,000 | ) | (3,292,687,000 | ) | |
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale | 4,626,982,000 | 3,360,879,000 | |||
Decrease in: | |||||
Advances and other receivables | 19,068,000 | 13,414,000 | |||
Residual interests | 84,883,000 | 34,557,000 | |||
Prepaid and other | 1,626,000 | 281,000 | |||
Increase (decrease) in: | |||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 2,588,000 | (1,590,000 | ) | ||
Income taxes payable | 4,310,000 | 15,000 | |||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | (242,582,000 | ) | 129,243,000 | ||
Investing activities: | |||||
Purchases of equipment and improvements | (3,089,000 | ) | (1,553,000 | ) | |
Net cash used in investing activities | (3,089,000 | ) | (1,553,000 | ) | |
Financing activities: | |||||
Reduction in borrowings | (55,794,000 | ) | (39,684,000 | ) | |
Net proceeds from revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities | 355,966,000 | (84,449,000 | ) | ||
Payment of preferred stock dividends | (61,417,000 | ) | -- | ||
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options | 127,000 | 85,000 | |||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 238,882,000 | (124,048,000 | ) | ||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | (6,789,000 | ) | 3,642,000 | ||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 23,860,000 | 17,391,000 | |||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ 17,071,000 | $ 21,033,000 | |||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
Note 1: Basis of Presentation
The condensed consolidated financial statements of Aames Financial Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the Parent), and its subsidiaries (collectively, with the Parent, the Company) included herein have been prepared by the Company, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been omitted.
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its subsidiaries after eliminating all significant intercompany transactions and reflect all normal, recurring adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present a fair statement of the results of operations of the Company in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for the interim periods reported. The results of operations for the Company for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full fiscal year.
At March 31, 2004, Specialty Finance Partners (SFP), a partnership controlled by Capital Z Financial Services Fund, II, L.P., a Bermuda partnership (together with SFP, Capital Z) owned preferred stock representing approximately 42.7% of the Companys combined voting power in the election of directors and approximately 90.0% of the combined voting power in all matters other than the election of directors. Representatives or nominees of Capital Z have five of the nine seats on the Board of Directors, and as current members terms expire, Capital Z has the continuing right to appoint and elect four directors and nominate one additional director. As a result of its beneficial ownership and Board representation, Capital Z has, and will continue to have, sufficient power to determine the Companys direction and policies.
Note 2: Residual Forward Sale Facility with Related Party
The Companys Residual Forward Sale Facility (the Residual Facility), as amended with Capital Z Investments, L.P., a Bermuda partnership (CZI), an affiliate of Capital Z, the Companys largest shareholder, expired on March 31, 2003.
The Company did not dispose of any of its loans through a securitization during the nine months ended March 31, 2004. During the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, the Company did not dispose of any of its loans through a securitization. During the nine months ended March 31, 2003, the Company securitized $315.0 million of mortgage loans and sold the residual interest created therein to CZI for $8.7 million under the Residual Facility.
5
In connection with obtaining the Residual Facility, the Company initially capitalized $3.3 million of costs, of which $3.0 million related to a facility fee paid to CZI. During the three months ended March 31, 2003, the Company wrote off the remaining unamortized Residual Facility costs of $0.2 million by charging gain on sale. During the nine months ended March 31, 2003, amortization of total capitalized Residual Facility costs charged to gain on sale of loans was $0.8 million.
Note 3: Guaranty Arrangements
The Parent has guaranteed amounts outstanding under certain revolving warehouse and repurchase agreements pursuant to which certain of its wholly-owned operating subsidiaries are the contractual borrowers. The Parent has also guaranteed amounts outstanding under a borrowing facility, secured by certain of the operating subsidiarys residual interests and certain of that subsidiarys advance receivables (the Financing Facility), pursuant to which that subsidiary is the contractual borrower. The Parents guarantees are full, complete and unconditional. On November 17, 2003, the Company made a $33.0 million principal reduction on the Financing Facility and Capital Z was released from its role as a limited guarantor on the Financing Facility.
Note 4: Per Share Data
The following table sets forth information regarding basic and diluted net income per common share for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 (amounts in thousands, except per share data):
6
Three
Months Ended March 31, |
Nine
Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | 2003 |
2004 | 2003 |
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Basic net income per common share: | |||||||||
Net income | $ 20,890 | $
6,691 |
$ 66,733 | $
18,685 |
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Less: Accrued dividends on Series B, C | |
|
|||||||
and D Convertible Preferred Stock | (2,869 | ) | (3,772 |
) | (10,185 | ) | (9,628 |
) | |
Basic net income to common stockholders | $ 18,021 | $
2,919 |
$ 56,548 | $
9,057 |
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Basic weighted average number of common | |
|
|||||||
shares outstanding | 7,120 | 6,595 |
7,009 | 6,530 |
|||||
Basic net income per common share | $ 2.53 | $
0.44 |
$ 8.07 | $
1.39 |
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Diluted net income per common share: | |||||||||
Basic net income to common | |
|
|||||||
stockholders | $ 18,021 | $
2,919 |
$ 56,548 | $
9,057 |
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Plus: Accrued dividends on Series B, | |||||||||
C and D Preferred Stock | 2,869 | 3,772 |
10,185 | 9,628 |
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Interest on 5.5% Convertible | |
|
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Subordinated Debentures | 522 | -- |
1,567 | -- |
|||||
Diluted net income to common stockholders | $ 21,412 | $
6,691 |
$ 68,300 | $
18,685 |
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Basic weighted average number of common | |
|
|||||||
shares outstanding | 7,120 | 6,595 |
7,009 | 6,530 |
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Plus incremental shares from assumed: | |||||||||
Conversions of: | |||||||||
Series B, C and D Convertible | |||||||||
Preferred Stock | 85,061 | 85,538 |
85,439 | 85,547 |
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5.5% Convertible Subordinated | |
|
|||||||
Debentures | 824 | -- |
824 | -- |
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Exercise of: | |||||||||
Common stock options | 8,111 | 4,295 |
7,576 | 590 |
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Warrants | 3,684 | 1,911 |
3,485 | 266 |
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Diluted weighted average number of common | |||||||||
shares outstanding | 104,800 | 98,339 |
104,333 | 92,933 |
|||||
Diluted net income per common share | $ 0.20 | $
0.07 |
$ 0.65 | $
0.20 |
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During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2003, conversion of the 5.5% Convertible Subordinated Debentures due 2006 and 2012 was not assumed due to their antidilutive effective.
Note 5: Pro forma Stock Based Compensation
The Company applies Accounting Principles Board Opinion 25 and related interpretations in accounting for its stock-based compensation plans and arrangements. No compensation cost has been recognized for its stock option plan. If compensation cost for the stock option plan and arrangements had been determined based on the fair value at the grant dates for awards under this plan consistent with the method prescribed by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation Transition and Disclosure, an amendment of SFAS No. 123", the Companys net income and basic and diluted income per common share during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 would have reflected the pro forma amounts indicated below (amounts in thousands, except per share data):
7
Three
Months Ended March 31, |
Nine
Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | 2003 | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Net income: | |||||||||
As reported | $ 20,890 | $ 6,691 | $ 66,733 | $ 18,685 | |||||
Pro forma | 20,405 | 6,472 | 65,644 | 17,795 | |||||
Basic net income to common stockholders: | |||||||||
As reported | 18,021 | 2,919 | 56,548 | 9,057 | |||||
Pro forma | 17,536 | 2,700 | 55,459 | 8,167 | |||||
Diluted net income to common stockholders: | |||||||||
As reported | 21,412 | 6,691 | 68,300 | 18,685 | |||||
Pro forma | 20,927 | 6,472 | 67,211 | 17,795 | |||||
Basic net income per common share: | |||||||||
As reported | 2.53 | 0.44 | 8.07 | 1.39 | |||||
Pro forma | 2.46 | 0.41 | 7.91 | 1.25 | |||||
Diluted net income per common share: | |||||||||
As reported | 0.20 | 0.07 | 0.65 | 0.20 | |||||
Pro forma | 0.20 | 0.07 | 0.64 | 0.19 |
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
Three
Months Ended March 31, |
Nine
Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | 2003 | 2004 | 2003 |
Dividend yield | 0.00 | % | 0.00 | % | 0.00 | % | 0.00 | % | |
Expected volatility | 103.00 | % | 118.00 | % | 108.00 | % | 118.00 | % | |
Risk-free interest rate | 2.99 | % | 2.97 | % | 2.99 | % | 2.97 | % | |
Expected life of option | 4.5 years | 4.5 years | 4.5 years | 4.5 years |
The pro forma stock based compensation cost, net of tax effect was $0.5 million and $0.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004 and March 31, 2003, respectively, and was $1.1 million and $0.9 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Note 6: Income Taxes
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized to reflect the future tax consequences of net operating loss carry forwards and differences between the tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities. The investment in the Company by Capital Z resulted in a change of control for income tax purposes, thereby potentially limiting the Companys ability to utilize net operating loss carry forwards and certain other future deductions.
8
The Company has recognized that it is more likely than not that certain future tax benefits, primarily net operating loss carry forwards, will be realized as a result of future income. Accordingly, during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Company decreased its deferred tax valuation allowance to recognize higher than previously anticipated net deferred tax assets. During the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company decreased its deferred tax valuation allowance by $2.8 million to recognize higher than previously anticipated net deferred tax assets for federal purposes and provided $2.7 million for state taxes. During the nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Company decreased its deferred tax valuation allowance by approximately $22.1 million to recognize deferred tax assets. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2003, the Company provided $0.9 million and $3.1 million, respectively, for taxes, substantially all of which related to tax on excess inclusion income on the securitization trusts.
Note 7: Borrowings and Debt Extinguishment Income
On December 13, 2002, the Company consummated its offer to exchange (the Exchange Offer) its newly issued 5.5% Convertible Subordinated Debentures due 2012 (the 2012 Debentures) for its outstanding 5.5% Convertible Subordinated Debentures due 2006 (the 2006 Debentures). The Company exchanged $49.6 million of the outstanding 2006 Debentures that were tendered and issued an equal amount of 2012 Debentures. On December 23, 2002, the Company redeemed $19.8 million, or 40.0%, of the principal amount outstanding on the 2012 Debentures through a scheduled mandatory sinking fund payment. On December 31, 2002, SFP forgave $25.0 million principal balance of its 2012 Debentures due it from the Company. At March 31, 2004, amounts outstanding under the 2006 Debentures were $64.4 million. The $4.8 million of 2012 Debentures were fully redeemed on June 30, 2003.
During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2003, the Company redeemed $3.0 million and $22.1 million, respectively, of its 9.125% Senior Notes (the Senior Notes) at discounts from par for $2.9 million and $19.9 million, respectively.
During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2003, debt extinguishment income was $0.1 million and $27.2 million, respectively. All of the $0.1 million of debt extinguishment income during the three months ended March 31, 2003 related to the redemption of the Companys Senior Notes. Of the $27.2 million of debt extinguishment income during the nine months ended March 31, 2003, $25.0 million and $2.2 million related to the redemption of the 2012 Debentures and Senior Notes, respectively.
Note 8. Stockholders Equity
During the nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Company cancelled 30,000 shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock. During the nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Company paid $61.4 million of dividends on its Series B, C and D Convertible Preferred Stock, of which $2.9 million was paid during the three months ended March 31, 2004.
9
On September 16, 2003, the Company amended and restated its certificate of incorporation permitting the Company to issue up to 26.7 million shares of Series E Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, and reduced the number of authorized shares of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock accordingly.
Note 9: Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the fiscal 2003 financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the fiscal 2004 presentation.
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. The following discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of Aames Financial Corporation (the Company) should be read in conjunction with the Companys Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. The following discussion includes Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information
From time to time the Company may publish forward-looking statements relating to such matters as anticipated financial performance, business prospects and similar matters. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements. In order to comply with the terms of the safe harbor, the Company notes that a variety of factors could cause the Companys actual results and experience to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in the Companys forward-looking statements. The risks and uncertainties that may affect the operations, performance and results of the Companys business include the following: increases in mortgage lending interest rates; adverse changes in the secondary market for mortgage loans; decline in real estate values; limited cash flow to fund operations; dependence on short-term financing facilities; concentration of operations in California, Florida and Texas; extensive government regulation; intense competition in the mortgage lending industry and the condition of the U.S. economy and financial system. For a more complete discussion of these risks and uncertainties, see Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Risk Factors in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2003 and subsequent filings by the Company with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
General
The Company is a consumer finance company primarily engaged, through its subsidiaries, in the business of originating, selling and servicing mortgage loans collateralized by single family residences. Upon its formation in 1991, the Company acquired Aames Home Loan, a home equity lender making loans in California since it was founded in 1954. In 1995, the Company expanded its retail presence outside of California and began purchasing loans from correspondents. In August 1996, the Company acquired its broker production channel through the acquisition of One Stop Mortgage, Inc. In 1999, the Company consolidated its loan production channels into one company, and the retail and broker production channels now operate under the name Aames Home Loan.
10
The Companys principal market is borrowers whose financing needs are not being met by traditional mortgage lenders for a variety of reasons, including the need for specialized loan products or credit histories that may limit such borrowers access to credit. The Company believes these borrowers continue to represent an underserved niche of the residential mortgage loan market and present an opportunity to earn a superior return for the risk assumed. The residential mortgage loans originated by the Company, which include fixed and adjustable rate loans, are generally used by borrowers to consolidate indebtedness, to finance other consumer needs, to purchase homes and, to a lesser extent, to refinance existing mortgage indebtedness.
The Company originates loans through its retail and broker production channels. The Companys retail channel produces loans through its retail branch network and through the National Loan Centers, which serve customers outside of areas served by branches and customers obtained through affiliations with sites on the Internet. The Companys broker channel produces loans through account executives working throughout the United States, including purchasing a limited amount of closed loans from mortgage brokers on a continuous or flow basis, and by sourcing loans through telemarketing and the Internet.
Business Strategy. The Company continues to focus on increasing its profitability through executing its core business strategy of: (i) increasing the amount and value of its loan production; (ii) reducing its unit cost of production; and (iii) maintaining adequate liquidity and access to the capital markets.
Continuing to Improve our Efficiency and Loan Quality and Serving as an Efficient High Quality Originator. We intend to accomplish this by increasing the use of technology to streamline further our loan origination and underwriting processes, by rigorously applying and continuously improving our underwriting criteria and processes in order to minimize defaults and losses and by collecting comprehensive performance data on our portfolio to refine our underwriting guidelines and risk-based pricing.
Growing our loan originations by growing both our retail and wholesale channels, improving market penetration in our existing markets, increasing loan originations through the Internet and building the Aames Home Loan brand. In addition, we will continue to originate loan products that are less sensitive to increases in interest rates than rate-term refinance mortgage loans, such as purchase money mortgage loans and cash-out refinance loans, which we believe makes our originations less vulnerable to declines resulting from increases in interest rates.
Maintaining Adequate Liquidity and Access to the Capital Markets. The Company intends to continue to increase and diversify its funding sources by expanding its current funding relationships and identifying new funding sources. The Company intends to continue to fund its operations by disposing of a majority of its loan production for cash in the whole loan market, monetizing the overcollateralization on the Companys portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts, monetizing residual interests, mortgage servicing rights and the rights to prepayment fees on the mortgage loans in its new securitizations, if any, monetizing servicing advances and developing new sources for working capital.
11
The strategies discussed above contain forward-looking statements. Such statements are based on current expectations and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those discussed under Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsRisk Factors included in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2003. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated or projected. Thus, no assurance can be given that the Company will be able to accomplish the above strategies.
Recent Events
Proposed REIT Conversion. On March 24, 2004, Aames Investment Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, filed preliminary registration statements on Forms S-4, including the preliminary joint proxy statement/prospectus constituting a part thereof, and S-11 with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the Companys proposed conversion into a real estate investment trust, or REIT, and initial public offering.
After careful review, on May 12, 2004 the Companys Board of Directors unanimously approved a plan to change the Companys corporate structure to become a REIT and conduct an initial public offering of the shares of Aames Investment common stock, subject to relevant legal, accounting and financial matters and stockholder approval.
Registration statements relating to the issuance of Aames Investment common stock in connection with the proposed REIT conversion and initial public offering have been filed with the SEC but have not yet become effective. These securities may not be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted prior to the time the registration statements become effective. This disclosure shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any State in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such State.
Aames Investment will file a final Form S-4 registration statement, including a definitive joint proxy statement/prospectus constituting a part thereof, and other documents with the SEC. Stockholders of the Company are encouraged to read the registration statement and any other relevant documents filed with the SEC, including the joint proxy statement/ prospectus that will be part of the registration statement, because they will contain important information about the proposed merger. The final joint proxy statement prospectus will be mailed to shareholders of the Company. Investors and security holders are able to obtain the documents free of charge at the SECs web site, www.sec.gov. After the registration statement containing the joint proxy statement/prospectus is declared effective by the SEC, the joint proxy statement/prospectus and other documents will be available free of charge by directing a request to John F. Madden, Jr., Secretary, Aames Financial Corporation, 350 South Grand Avenue, 43rd Floor, Los Angeles, California 90071, or emailing the Companys Investor Relations Department at info@aamescorp.com.
12
The Company, Aames Investment, their directors, and certain of their executive officers may be considered participants in the solicitation of proxies in connection with the proposed reorganization and information about such persons interest therein, including by way of security holdings or otherwise, may be found in the proxy statement for the Companys 2003 annual meeting of stockholders and in the registration statement on Form S-4 filed by Aames Investment, including the definitive proxy statement/prospectus constituting a part thereof that will be sent to the Companys stockholders.
The statements above regarding the Companys REIT conversion may be deemed to be forward-looking statements under federal securities laws and the Company intends that such forward-looking statements be subject to the safe-harbor created thereby. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the expectation that the Company will complete the REIT conversion.
During the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company recorded net income of $20.9 million compared to $6.7 million of net income during the comparable three month period a year ago.
Total revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2004 increased $30.2 million to $95.7 million from $65.5 million during the comparable three month period a year ago. During the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company did not record any debt extinguishment income and did not write down its residual interests. Total revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2003 includes $0.1 million of debt extinguishment income. Excluding the $0.1 million of debt extinguishment income during the three months ended March 31, 2003, operating revenue increased $30.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004 from operating revenue during the comparable three month period in 2003. The $30.3 million increase in operating revenue was comprised of increases of $27.8 million, $1.0 million, $0.9 million and $0.6 million, in gain on sale of loans, interest income, loan servicing fees and origination fees, respectively.
13
Total expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2004 increased $17.0 million to $74.9 million from $57.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2003. The increase in expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2004 from expenses reported during the comparable three month period a year ago was attributable primarily to increases of $14.7 million, $3.5 million and $0.5 million in personnel, production and general and administrative expenses, respectively, partially offset by a $1.7 million decrease in interest expense.
As previously reported, on March 31, 2004, the Company made dividend payments of $2.9 million on its Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, and Series D Convertible Preferred Stock (collectively, the Preferred Stock). The Company had previously obtained waivers from certain lenders permitting the Company to pay the dividend on its Preferred Stock.
Business
Mortgage Loan Production. The Company originates mortgage loans through its retail and broker production channels. The Companys retail channel produces loans through its retail branch network and through the National Loan Centers, which serve customers located outside areas served by the retail branch network and by customers obtained through affiliations with sites on the Internet. The Companys broker channel produces loans through account executives working throughout the United States, including purchasing a limited amount of closed loans from mortgage brokers on a continuous or flow basis, and by sourcing loans through telemarketing and the Internet. The Company generally underwrites the loans it originates to its underwriting guidelines and, to a lesser extent, to the underwriting guidelines of its investors in the secondary markets, and appraises the collateral on every loan it originates. The underwriting of a mortgage loan to be originated by the Company generally includes a review of the completed loan package, including the loan application, a current appraisal, a preliminary title report and a credit report.
14
The following table presents the volume of loans originated by the Company during the periods presented (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
March
31,
|
December
30,
|
March
31,
|
|||||||||
2004 | 2003 | 2003 | 2004 | 2003 | |||||||
Retail | $ 586,527 | $ 394,238 | $ 591,861 | $1,755,202 | $1,362,685 | ||||||
Broker(1) | 1,279,701 | 622,555 | 1,067,627 | 3,267,923 | 1,930,002 | ||||||
Total production | $1,866,228 | $1,016,793 | $1,659,488 | $5,023,125 | $3,292,687 | ||||||
(1) | The Company did not purchase closed loans on a flow basis from correspondents during the three months ended March 31, 2004. Includes the purchase of closed loans on a flow basis from correspondents of $6.8 million and $0.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2003, respectively, and $4.1 million and $11.1 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. |
Total Loan Production. Total loan production during the three months ended March 31, 2004 increased $206.7 million, or 12.5%, to $1.9 billion over the $1.7 billion reported during the three months ended December 31, 2003, and increased $849.4 million, or 83.5%, over the $1.0 billion of total loan production reported during the three months ended March 31, 2003. Total loan production during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 increased $1.7 billion, or 52.6%, to $5.0 billion over the $3.3 billion of total loan production during the nine months ended March 31, 2003. Total loan production during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 increased due to continued strong demand for sub-prime mortgage products, growth of the Companys wholesale and retail sales force, improved marketing results, and geographic expansion of our wholesale channel.
Retail Production. The Companys total retail production was $586.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004, a decrease of $5.3 million, or 0.1%, from the $591.9 million of total retail production during the three months ended December 31, 2003, and an increase of $192.3 million, or 48.8%, over the $394.2 million of total retail production during the three months ended March 31, 2003. During the nine months ended March 31, 2004, total retail production was $1.8 billion, an increase of $392.5 million, or 28.8%, over the $1.4 billion of total retail production during the nine months ended March 31, 2003.
Broker Production. The Companys total broker production increased $212.1 million, or 19.9%, to $1.3 billion during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over the $1.1 billion of total broker production during the three months ended December 31, 2003, and increased $657.1 million, or 105.6%, over the $622.6 million reported during the three months ended March 31, 2003. During the nine months ended March 31, 2004, total broker mortgage loan production increased $1.3 billion, or 69.3%, to $3.3 billion over the $1.9 billion of total broker production during nine months ended March 31, 2003.
15
Through its Broker Direct program, the Company makes outbound telemarketing calls to brokers that have been inactive for the past 90 days and brokers who are not currently doing business with the Company or are outside the geographic areas served by the loan officers. The Company also obtains leads through its internet web site Aamesdirect.com. The Company expects Broker direct to continue to generate an increasing dollar amount and percentage of broker loan production in the coming quarters as general market acceptance by brokers of broker telemarketing and Internet use grows and the Company continues to enhance its Broker Direct capabilities.
The following table sets forth the number of retail branches and broker operations centers operated by the Company at March 31, 2004 and 2003:
March 31, | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | 2003 | ||||
Retail branches | 93 | 89 | |||
National Loan Centers | 2 | 2 | |||
Regional broker operations centers | 5 | 4 |
Loan Securitizations and Sales. As a fundamental part of its business and financing strategy, the Company sells mortgage loans to third party investors in the secondary markets as market conditions allow. The Company generally seeks to dispose of substantially all of its loan production within 90 days. The Company applies the net proceeds of the loan dispositions, whether through securitizations or whole loan sales, to pay down its warehouse and repurchase facilities in order to make available capacity under these facilities for future funding of mortgage loans. The Company maximizes opportunities in its loan disposition transactions by selling its loan production through a combination of securitizations and whole loan sales, depending on market conditions, relative profitability and cash flows. The Company generally realizes higher gain on sale on securitization than it does on whole loan sales for cash. The higher gain on sale in securitization transactions is attributable to the excess servicing spread associated with retaining a residual interest in the securitization, net of transactional costs. In a securitization, the underlying pass-through certificates or bonds are generally overcollateralized by the Company depositing mortgage loans with a principal balance exceeding the principal balance of the pass-through certificates or bonds. The upfront overcollateralization required in securitizations is generally cash flow negative to the Company in the early years of the securitization. In whole loan sales with servicing released, the gain on sale is generally lower than gains realized in securitizations, but the Company receives the gain in the form of cash.
16
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the Companys loan dispositions during the three months ended March 31, 2004, 2003 and December 31, 2003, and the nine months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 (in thousands):
Three
Months Ended March 31, |
December 31, | Nine Months
Ended March 31, |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 |
2003 |
2003 |
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Whole loan sales | $1,763,435 | $1,248,096 | $1,714,640 | $4,664,233 | $3,029,769 | ||||||
Loans pooled and sold in | |||||||||||
securitizations | -- | -- | -- | -- | 314,958 | ||||||
Total loan dispositions | $1,763,435 | $1,248,096 | $1,714,640 | $4,664,233 | $3,344,727 | ||||||
During the three months ended March 31, 2004, total mortgage loan dispositions increased $48.8 million, or 2.8%, to $1.8 billion over the $1.7 billion of total loan dispositions reported during the three months ended December 31, 2003, and increased $515.3 million, or 41.3%, over the $1.2 billion of total loan dispositions during the three months ended March 31, 2003. Total loan dispositions during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 increased $1.3 billion, or 39.5%, to $4.7 billion over the $3.3 billion of total loan dispositions reported during the comparable nine month period a year ago. All of the Companys $1.8 billion and $4.7 billion of loan dispositions during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004, respectively, were in the form of whole loan sales for cash with servicing released. The Companys sole reliance on whole loan sales as its loan disposition strategy during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 was due to attractive pricing conditions prevailing in the whole loan sale markets. During the three months ended March 31, 2003, loans sold in whole loan sales for cash and with servicing released were $1.2 billion. During the nine months ended March 31, 2003, loans sold in securitizations and whole loan sales for cash were $315.0 million and $3.0 billion, respectively. The Company relied more heavily upon whole loan sales than upon securitizations as its loan disposition strategy during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2003 due to attractive pricing conditions prevailing in the whole loan markets during such periods and, to a lesser extent, due to the limited capacity in the Residual Facility until its expiration which occurred on March 31, 2003. Changes in the secondary mortgage markets, the current interest rate environment and the current economic climate could affect the mix in the composition of the Companys strategy of selling loans in the form of securitizations or whole loan sales.
In prior quarters, when the Company disposed of loans in securitization transactions, each agreement that the Company entered into in connection with such securitizations required either the overcollateralization of the trust or the establishment of a reserve account that may initially be funded by cash deposited by the Company. If delinquencies or losses exceed certain established limits, as applicable, certain additional credit-enhancement aspects of the trust are triggered. In a securitization credit-enhanced by a monoline insurance policy, any further losses experienced in excess of the established overcollateralization amount by holders of the senior interests in the related trust will be paid by the insurer under such policy. To date, there have been no claims on any monoline insurance policy obtained in any of the Companys securitizations. In a senior/subordinated structure, losses in excess of the overcollateralization amount generally are allocated first to the holders of the subordinated interests and then to the holders of the senior interests of the trust.
17
Loan Servicing. Servicing includes collecting and remitting loan payments, accounting for principal and interest, contacting delinquent borrowers, managing borrower defaults and liquidating foreclosed properties. As a means to maximize cash flow from securitizations, the Company has, since January 2000, been selling the servicing rights in securitizations for cash. Moreover, the Company does not retain servicing on loans it sells in whole loan sale markets.
The Companys servicing portfolio consists mainly of mortgage loans securitized prior to January 1, 2000 for which the Company retained servicing and loans serviced on an interim basis, consisting of loans held for sale and loans subserviced for others on an interim basis.
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the Companys servicing portfolio at March 31, 2004 and 2003 and June 30, 2003 (dollars in millions):
March 31, | June 30, | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | 2003 | 2003 | |||||
Mortgage loans serviced: | |||||||
Loans serviced on an interim basis | $ 2,074.7 | $ 1,099.3 | $ 911.0 | ||||
Loans in securitization trusts | 260.7 | 852.7 | 741.0 | ||||
serviced in-house | 2,335.4 | 1,952.0 | 1,652.0 | ||||
Loans in securitization trusts | |||||||
subserviced by others | 59.7 | 96.2 | 88.0 | ||||
Total servicing portfolio | $ 2,395.1 | $ 2,048.2 | $ 1,740.0 | ||||
Percentage serviced in-house | 97.5 | % | 95.3 | % | 94.9 | % | |
Excluding loans serviced on an interim basis, the Company has not added any new loans to the servicing portfolio since January 1, 2000 due to the Companys sale of all of its mortgage loan production in whole loan sales and securitizations with servicing released since that time. The Companys total servicing portfolio at March 31, 2004 increased $655.1 million, or 37.6%, to $2.4 billion over $1.7 billion at June 30, 2003, reflecting a $1.2 billion increase in loans serviced on an interim basis partially offset by a $508.6 million decline in mortgage loans serviced in securitization trusts due to the Companys call of certain securitization trusts and, to a lesser extent, loan servicing portfolio runoff, in the form of principal amortization, prepayments and liquidations. The Companys portfolio of mortgage loans serviced on an interim basis increased $1.2 billion to $2.1 billion at March 31, 2004 over $911.0 million at June 30, 2003, and increased $975.4 million over the $1.1 billion of mortgage loans serviced on an interim basis at March 31, 2003. The increase at March 31, 2004 was attributable to the Companys increased mortgage loan production volumes resulting in higher loans held for sale serviced by the Company on its own behalf and to increased loan disposition volumes resulting in increased interim servicing for loan buyers who have not transferred the loans to new servicers.
18
The Companys portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts serviced in-house, declined by $480.3 million, or 64.8%, to $260.7 million at March 31, 2004 from $741.0 million at June 30, 2003 due primarily to calls of securitization trusts in August, 2003 and November, 2003 which caused the Companys portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts to decline by $304.1 million and, to a lesser extent, portfolio run-off. The Companys $260.7 million portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts serviced in-house at March 31, 2004 reflected a decrease of $592.0 million, or 69.4%, from the $852.7 million at March 31, 2003. The decrease is due to the Company calling seventeen securitization trusts and, to a lesser extent, to servicing portfolio run-off, in the form of principal amortization, prepayments and liquidations.
The Company expects six of the remaining seven securitization trusts, which had a mortgage loan balance at March 31, 2004 of $236.3 million, to be callable in calendar year 2004 and expects to call these securitization trusts by the end of calendar year 2004.
The following table sets forth delinquency, foreclosure, and loss information of the Companys servicing portfolio at or during the periods indicated:
At or during
the |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nine Months
Ended March 31, |
Year Ended
June 30, |
||||||||||
2004
|
2003
|
2003
|
2002
|
2001
|
|||||||
(Dollars
in thousands) |
|||||||||||
Percentage of dollar amount of delinquent loans to | |||||||||||
loans serviced (period end)(1)(2): | |||||||||||
One month | 0.4 | % | 0.6 | % | 0.7 | % | 0.7 | % | 1.7 | % | |
Two months | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.7 | ||||||
Three or more months: | |||||||||||
Not foreclosed(3) | 2.5 | 6.6 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 8.9 | ||||||
Foreclosed(4) | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.7 | ||||||
Total | 3.4 | % | 8.2 | % | 9.0 | % | 9.6 | % | 13.0 | % | |
Percentage of total dollar amount of delinquent | |||||||||||
loans in: | |||||||||||
Loans serviced on an interim basis | 0.8 | % | 1.1 | % | 1.3 | % | 1.5 | % | 2.4 | % | |
Loans in securitization trusts serviced in-house | 20.3 | 16.3 | 17.4 | 15.7 | 16.8 | ||||||
and by others | |||||||||||
Percentage of dollar amount of loans foreclosed | |||||||||||
during the period to servicing portfolio(2)(6) | 0.4 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 3.0 | ||||||
Number of loans foreclosed during the period | 121 | 318 | 417 | 780 | 1,238 | ||||||
Principal amount of foreclosed loans during the | |||||||||||
period | $ 8,984 | $ 21,452 | $ 27,703 | $ 56,419 | $ 89,884 | ||||||
Number of loans liquidated during the period | 394 | 821 | 1,033 | 1,624 | 2,479 | ||||||
Net losses on liquidations during the period(5) . | $ 14,771 | $ 28,585 | $ 35,669 | $ 67,444 | $ 91,754 | ||||||
Percentage of annualized losses to servicing | |||||||||||
portfolio(2)(6) | 0.9 | % | 1.7 | % | 1.6 | % | 2.6 | % | 3.0 | % | |
Servicing portfolio at period end | $ 2,395,000 | $ 2,048,000 | $ 1,740,000 | $ 2,308,000 | $ 2,717,000 |
_________________
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(1) | Delinquent loans are loans for which more than one payment is due. |
(2) | The delinquency and foreclosure percentages are calculated on the basis of the total dollar amount of mortgage loans serviced by the Company, and any subservicers as of the end of the periods indicated, including loans serviced on an interim basis of $2.1 billion and $1.1 billion at March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, and $911.0 million, $991.0 million and $722.0 million at June 30, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. |
(3) | Represents loans which are in foreclosure but as to which foreclosure proceedings have not concluded. |
(4) | Represents properties acquired following a foreclosure sale and still serviced by the Company at period end. |
(5) | Represents losses, net of gains, on properties sold through foreclosed or other default management activities during the period indicated. |
(6) | The percentages were calculated to reflect the dollar volume of loans foreclosed or annualized losses, as the case may be, to the average dollar amount of mortgage loans serviced by the Company and any subservicers during the related periods indicated. |
The Company has historically experienced delinquency rates that are higher than those prevailing in this industry due to the inclusion of lower credit grade mortgage loans in the securitization trusts. Delinquent loans (by principal balance) decreased at March 31, 2004 to $80.7 million from $156.5 million at June 30, 2003 and from $167.6 million at March 31, 2003. Total delinquent loans in the Companys portfolio of securitization trusts (serviced in-house and by others) were $64.9 million and $144.3 million at March 31, 2004 and June 30, 2003, respectively, and were $155.0 million at March 31, 2003. Total delinquent loans in the Companys portfolio of loans serviced on an interim basis were $15.8 million and $12.2 million at March 31, 2004 and June 30, 2003, respectively, and were $12.6 million at March 31, 2003.
The delinquency rate at March 31, 2004 was 3.4% compared to 9.0% at June 30, 2003 and 8.2% at March 31, 2003. The delinquency rate at March 31, 2004 declined from the delinquency rate at June 30, 2003 due to the fact that loans in the Companys portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts, which contains the majority of delinquent loans, became a smaller part of the Companys total servicing portfolio, primarily as a consequence of calls of securitization trusts in August 2003 and November 2003. A decline in delinquencies of loans in securitization trusts generally reduces the Companys servicing advance obligations. The Company expects the delinquency rate to continue to decline as the Companys portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts (and the number of delinquent loans in such trusts) continues to decline and become a smaller component of the Companys total servicing portfolio.
20
During the nine months ended March 31, 2004, losses on loan liquidations decreased to $14.8 million from $28.6 million during the comparable nine month period a year ago primarily due to the decrease in the number of loans liquidated. Substantially all of the foreclosures and liquidations handled by the Company occur in connection with the Companys portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts. The Company expects net losses on loan liquidations to continue to decline as the Companys portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts (and the number of foreclosed loans in such trusts) continues to decline.
Because foreclosures and credit losses typically occur months or years after a loan is originated, data relating to delinquencies, foreclosures and credit losses as a percentage of the current portfolio can understate the risk of future delinquencies, foreclosures or credit losses.
In the case of securitizations credit-enhanced by monoline insurance, the agreements also typically provide that the Company may be terminated as servicer by the monoline insurance company (or by the trustee with the consent of the monoline insurance company) upon certain events of default, including the Companys failure to perform its obligations under the servicing agreement, the rate of over 90-day delinquent loans (including properties acquired by foreclosure and not sold) exceeding specified limits, losses on liquidation of collateral exceeding certain limits, any payment being made by the monoline insurance company under its policy, and events of bankruptcy or insolvency. Pursuant to agreements relating to the Companys two 1999 securitization trusts, the monoline insurer requires the Company to maintain a specified net worth and level of liquidity in order to be able to continue to service the loans in those securitization trusts. Previously, the Company did not satisfy the net worth test and, as a result, the monoline insurer could have terminated the Company as servicer with respect to those securitization trusts. The monoline insurer waived the Companys failure to satisfy the net worth test and none of the servicing rights of the Company were terminated. At March 31, 2004, the Company met the specified net worth and liquidity tests.
The table below illustrates certain information regarding those securitization trusts that have exceeded delinquency and loss triggers at March 31, 2004, December 31, 2003 and June 30, 2003 (dollars in thousands):
March 31,
2004 |
December 31,
2003 |
June 30, 2003
|
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Securitization trusts: | |||||||
Number |
7 |
|
7 |
|
17 |
||
Total dollar amount of mortgage loans | |||||||
serviced in securitization trusts | |||||||
(in-house and subserviced) | $320,469 |
$358,691 |
$828,939 |
||||
Securitization trusts where the Company may | |||||||
be terminated as servicer: | |||||||
Number |
7 |
|
7 |
|
13 |
||
Dollar amount of mortgage loans serviced | |||||||
in securitization trusts (in-house and | |||||||
subserviced) | $320,469 |
$358,691 |
$562,076 |
||||
Percentage of total dollar amount of |
|
|
|
|
|
||
mortgage loans serviced in |
|
|
|
|
|
||
securitization trusts (in-house and |
|
|
|
|
|
||
subserviced) |
100.0% |
|
100.0% |
|
67.8% |
The Companys servicing portfolio will continue to be impacted in the future by the Companys dispositions of its loan production through whole loan sales and securitizations on a servicing released basis, which has resulted in a smaller servicing portfolio.
21
Critical Accounting Policies
The Company retained the residual interests created in all of the $7.0 billion of securitizations which closed prior to and during the year ended June 30, 2000. The Company did not retain residual interests created in any of its securitizations since July 1, 2000. During the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company did not dispose of any of its loans through a securitization.
The Company sells its loans in whole loan sale transactions on a cash basis. In whole loan sale transactions, the buyer acquires all future rights, including mortgage servicing rights, to the loans, without recourse to the Company except for standard representations and warranties, including a requirement that borrowers make their first payment subsequent to the transfer of servicing. Gains and losses on whole loan sales are recognized when the Company surrenders control over the loans, generally on the settlement date, based upon the difference between the proceeds received and the net carrying amount of the loans.
Accounting for Securitizations. The Companys loan disposition strategy relies on a combination of securitization transactions and whole loan sales. The following discusses certain accounting considerations which arise only in the context of securitization transactions.
In a securitization, the Company conveys loans that it has originated, and formerly purchased, to a special purpose entity (such as a trust) in exchange for cash proceeds and a residual interest in the trust. The cash proceeds are raised through an offering of the pass-through certificates or bonds evidencing the right to receive principal payments and interest on the certificate balance or on the bonds. The non-cash gain on sale of loans represents the difference between the portion sold and any retained interests (residual interests) based on their relative fair values at the date of transfer. The residual interests represent, over the estimated life of the loans, the present value of the estimated cash flows. These cash flows are determined by the excess of the weighted average coupon on each pool of loans sold over the sum of the interest rate paid to investors, the contractual servicing fee, a monoline insurance fee, if any, and an estimate for credit losses. Each agreement that the Company has entered into in connection with its securitizations requires the overcollateralization of the trust that may initially be funded by cash deposited by the Company. The amount and timing of the cash flows expected to be released from the securitization trusts considers the impact of the applicable delinquency and credit loss limits specified in the securitization agreements.
The Company determines the present value of the cash flows at the time each securitization transaction closes using certain estimates made by management at the time the loans are sold. These estimates include: (i) future rate of prepayment; (ii) credit losses; and (iii) discount rate used to calculate present value. The future cash flows represent managements best estimate. Management monitors the performance of the loans, and any changes in the estimates are reflected in earnings. There can be no assurance of the accuracy of managements estimates.
22
The Companys retained residual interests are recorded at estimated fair value and are marked to market through a charge (or credit) to earnings. On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews the fair value of its retained residual interests by analyzing its prepayment, credit loss and discount rate assumptions in relation to its actual experience and current rates of prepayment and credit loss prevalent in the industry. Additionally, on a quarterly basis, the Company evaluates the effects, if any, that increasing or decreasing interest rates might have on its retained residual interests. The Company may adjust the value of its retained residual interests or take a charge to earnings related to its retained residual interests, as appropriate, to reflect a valuation or write-down of its residual interests based upon the actual performance of the Companys retained residual interests as compared to the Companys key assumptions and estimates used to determine fair value. Although management believes that the assumptions used to estimate the fair values of its retained residual interests are reasonable, there can be no assurance as to the accuracy of the assumptions or estimates.
Rate of Prepayment. The estimated life of the securitized loans depends on the assumed annual prepayment rate which is a function of estimated voluntary (full and partial) and involuntary (liquidations) prepayments. The prepayment rate represents managements expectations of future prepayment rates based on prior and expected loan performance, the type of loans in the relevant pool (fixed or adjustable rate), the production channel which produced the loan, prevailing interest rates, the presence of prepayment penalties, the loan-to-value ratios, the credit grades of the loans included in the securitization and other industry data. The rate of prepayment may be affected by a variety of economic and other factors including, but not limited to, a declining mortgage interest rate environment.
Credit Losses. In determining the estimate for credit losses on loans securitized, the Company uses assumptions that it believes are reasonable based on information from its prior securitizations, the loan-to-value ratios and credit grades of the loans included in the securitizations, loss and delinquency information by origination channel, and information available from other market participants such as investment bankers, credit providers and credit rating agencies. On a quarterly basis, the Company re-evaluates its credit loss estimates.
Discount Rate. In order to determine the fair value of the cash flow from the residual interests, the Company discounts the cash flows based upon rates prevalent in the market.
The following table summarizes certain information about the securitization trusts in which the Company had retained a residual interest at March 31, 2004 and June 30, 2003 (dollars in thousands):
March 31, 2004 |
June 30, 2003 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aggregate principal balances of securitized loans at the time of the securitizations | $3,304,181 | $6,642,357 | |||
Outstanding principal balances of securitized loans | $ 320,469 | $ 828,939 | |||
Outstanding principal balances of pass-through certificates or bonds of the | |||||
securitization trusts | $ 261,409 | $ 683,277 | |||
Weighted average coupon rates of: | |||||
Securitized loans | 10.11 | % | 10.23 | % | |
Pass-through certificates or bonds | 5.66 | % | 5.51 | % |
23
Certain historical data and key assumptions and estimates used by the Company in its March 31, 2004 and June 30, 2003 review of the residual interests retained by the Company were as follows:
March 31,
2004
|
June 30, 2003
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prepayments: | |||||
Actual weighted average annual prepayment rate, as a percentage of outstanding | |||||
principal balances of securitized loans | |||||
Fixed rate loans | 35.8% |
32.5% |
|||
Adjustable rate |
37.0% |
|
34.4% |
||
Estimated annual prepayment rates, as a percentage of outstanding principal | |||||
balances of securitized loans: | |||||
Fixed rate loans | 24.3%
to 57.1% |
30.9%
to 48.8% |
|||
Adjustable rate loans |
18.8%
to 46.8% |
|
18.4%
to 52.9% |
||
Estimated weighted average life of securitized loans | 2.0
years |
1.9 years |
|||
Credit losses: | |||||
Actual credit losses to date, as a percentage of original principal balances of |
|
|
|
||
securitized loans |
5.3% |
|
5.4% |
||
Future estimated credit losses, as a percentage of original principal balances | |||||
of securitized loans | 0.5% |
0.5% |
|||
Total actual and estimated prospective credit losses, as a percentage of |
|
|
|
||
original principal balance of securitized loans |
5.8% |
|
5.9% |
||
Total actual credit losses to date and estimated prospective credit losses | |||||
(dollars in thousands) | $
190,045 |
$
392,592 |
|||
Weighted average discount rate |
13.7% |
|
13.5% |
To estimate the effects of changes in interest rates on the coupon rates of the adjustable rate mortgage loans, the Company considers current underlying indices, periodic interest rate caps, lifetime interest rate caps and contractual interest rate floors. In determining the interest rates for the floating rate pass-through certificates in the securitization trusts, the Company uses each certificates specific spread over the one-month LIBOR.
The total actual and estimated credit losses, as a percentage of original principal balance of securitized loans in each securitization trust in which the Company had a retained residual interest, ranged from 4.5% to 7.0% at March 31, 2004 and 3.9% and 9.3% at June 30, 2003. Actual and estimated credit losses vary between securitization trusts due to differing credit quality, i.e., credit grade, production channel and other factors considered by the Company when evaluating credit loss estimates.
The Company has previously disclosed that if actual credit losses and actual prepayment trends exceeded the Companys credit loss and prepayment rate assumptions, it would be required to adjust earnings to reflect changes in its credit loss and prepayment assumptions. In its regular quarterly review of its residual interests during the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company considered the historical performance of its securitized pools, the recent prepayment experience of loans in those pools, the credit loss performance of loans in previously securitized pools, other industry data and economic factors prevailing in the U.S. economy. During the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, no adjustment to the Companys assumptions (rate of prepayment, credit loss and discount rate) was deemed warranted.
24
Additionally, as master servicer of the mortgage loans in the securitization trusts, the Company has the right to call the securitization trusts when the remaining balance of the mortgage loans sold in the securitization trusts falls below 10.0% of the original mortgage loan balance. In August 2003 and November 2003, the Company called ten securitization trusts. Moreover, the Company expects six of the seven remaining securitization trusts, which had a mortgage loan balance at March 31, 2004 of $236.3 million, to be callable in calendar year 2004 and expects to call these securitization trusts by the end of calendar year 2004. The Company might be required to write down the value of the residual interests relating to the called securitization trusts.
The Company closely monitors its residual interests. Should the actual rate of prepayment and credit loss performance of loans in its securitized pools vary adversely in relation to the estimates and assumptions used by the Company to estimate the fair value, the Company will adjust the fair value of the retained residual interests through a charge to earnings.
Mortgage Servicing Rights. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, all of the Companys loan dispositions were on a servicing released basis; therefore, the Company did not capitalize mortgage servicing rights (MSRs). Prior to June 30, 2000, the Company capitalized MSRs based on an allocation of the carrying amount of the loans securitized on a servicing retained basis. However, such MSRs were fully amortized at March 31, 2004.
Accounting for Income Taxes. Taxes are provided on substantially all income and expense items included in earnings, regardless of the period in which such items are recognized for tax purposes. The Company uses an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Companys financing statements or tax returns. In estimating future tax consequences, the Company generally considers all expected future events other than the enactment of changes in the tax law or rates.
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized to reflect the future tax consequences of net operating loss carry forwards and differences between the tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities. The Company has recognized that it is more likely than not that certain future tax benefits, primarily net operating loss carry forwards, will be realized as a result of current and future income. Accordingly, during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Company decreased its deferred tax valuation allowance to recognize higher than previously anticipated net deferred tax assets.
25
The following table sets forth information regarding the components of the Companys revenue and expenses for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003:
Three Months
Ended March 31, |
Nine Months
Ended March 31, |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | 2003 | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
Revenue: | |||||||||
Gain on sale of loans | $ 62,948 | $35,157 | $ 153,093 | $ 99,216 | |||||
Write-down of residual interests | -- | -- | -- | (31,923 | ) | ||||
Origination fees | 12,980 | 12,435 | 45,416 | 40,125 | |||||
Loan servicing | 2,155 | 1,252 | 6,332 | 6,336 | |||||
Debt extinguishment income | -- | 83 | -- | 27,175 | |||||
Interest | 17,621 | 16,556 | 50,217 | 55,913 | |||||
Total revenue, including write-down of | |||||||||
residual interests | 95,704 | 65,483 | 255,058 | 196,842 | |||||
Expenses: | |||||||||
Personnel | 46,676 | 31,904 | 127,569 | 98,781 | |||||
Production | 10,333 | 6,832 | 26,107 | 18,647 | |||||
General and administrative | 11,375 | 10,958 | 33,735 | 30,235 | |||||
Interest | 6,523 | 8,198 | 18,983 | 27,408 | |||||
Total expenses | 74,907 | 57,892 | 206,394 | 175,071 | |||||
Income before provision for income | |||||||||
taxes | 20,797 | 7,591 | 48,664 | 21,771 | |||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | (93 | ) | 900 | (18,069 | ) | 3,086 | |||
Net income | $ 20,890 | $ 6,691 | $ 66,733 | $ 18,685 | |||||
Operating revenue is a non-GAAP financial measurement used by the Company that excludes from GAAP total revenue the write-downs of residual interests and debt extinguishment income. The Company ceased retaining residual interests in securitization transactions commencing on January 1, 2000. The Company recorded debt extinguishment income during the year ended June 30, 2003 in connection with the redemption and restructuring of certain borrowings. The Company believes that operating revenue provides users of its consolidated financial statements with more useful comparative information concerning its principal business of originating, selling and servicing mortgage loans collateralized by single family residences. The following table reconciles total revenue in conformity with GAAP to operating revenue as discussed herein and elsewhere. See Item 1 Business Recent Events:
Three Months
Ended March 31, |
Nine Months
Ended March 31, |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2004 | 2003 | 2004 | 2003 | ||||||
GAAP revenue | $95,704 | $ 65,483 | $255,058 | $ 196,842 | |||||
Add: Write-down of residual interests | -- | -- | -- | 31,923 | |||||
Less: Debt extinguishment income | -- | (83 | ) | -- | (27,175 | ) | |||
Operating revenue | $95,704 | $ 65,400 | $255,058 | $ 201,590 | |||||
26
Revenue
General. Total revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2004 increased $30.2 million, or 46.2%, to $95.7 million from $65.5 million during the comparable three month period a year ago. During the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company did not record debt extinguishment income and did not record a write-down to its residual interests. Total revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2003 includes $0.1 million of debt extinguishment income. Excluding debt extinguishment income during the three months ended March 31, 2003, operating revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2004 increased $30.3 million, or 46.3%, to $95.7 million over $65.4 million during the same three month period a year ago. This increase was primarily attributable to increases of $27.8 million, $1.0 million, $0.9 million and $0.6 million in gain on sale of loans, interest income, loan servicing fees and origination fees, respectively, during the three months ended March 31, 2004 from amounts reported during the comparable three month period during 2003.
Total revenue during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 was $255.1 million, an increase of $58.3 million, or 29.6%, over total revenue of $196.8 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2003. During the nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Company did not record debt extinguishment income and did not write down its residual interests. However, total revenue during the nine months ended March 31, 2003 includes $27.2 million of debt extinguishment income and a $31.9 million write-down of residual interests. Excluding debt extinguishment income and the residual interest write-down during the nine months ended March 31, 2003, operating revenue during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 increased $53.5 million, or 26.5%, to $255.1 million over $201.6 million during the same nine month period a year ago. This increase was primarily attributable to increases of $53.9 million and $5.3 million in gain on sale of loans and origination fees, respectively, partially offset by a decline of $5.7 million in interest income during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 from amounts reported during the comparable nine month period during 2003.
Gain on Sale of Loans. Gain on sale of loans during the three months ended March 31, 2004 increased $27.7 million, or 79.0%, to $62.9 million over $35.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2003. The increase in gain on sale of loans resulted primarily from the $515.3 million, or 41.3%, increase to $1.8 billion of total loan dispositions during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over $1.2 billion of total loan dispositions during the comparable three month period a year ago, and, to a lesser extent to higher gain on sale rates on loan sales during the quarter ended March 31, 2004 compared to the comparable period a year ago. The increase in loan dispositions during the March 2004 quarter over loan dispositions during the March 2003 quarter was due primarily to an increase in mortgage loan production during the March 2004 quarter compared to the March 2003 quarter. During the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, the Company relied solely on whole loan sales for cash as its loan disposition strategy based upon the Companys review of market conditions, profitability and cash flow requirements. The Company realized generally higher gain on sale rates on whole loan sales during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to the gain on sale rates for whole loan sales during the comparable three month period a year ago due to generally more favorable conditions in the whole loan markets during the March 2004 quarter when compared to market conditions during the March 2003 quarter.
27
At and during the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company had no hedge instruments in place. During the three months ended March 31, 2003, the Company, as it has from time to time, entered into forward interest rate swap agreements designed to mitigate interest rate exposure to mortgage loans in its inventory and pipeline in anticipation of closing loan disposition transactions during that period. Gain on sale of loans during the three months ended March 31, 2003 included charges of $0.2 million of derivative related losses which related to losses on hedge positions that closed during the period.
Gain on sale of loans increased $53.9 million, or 54.3%, to $153.1 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over $99.2 million of gain on sale of loans during the nine months ended March 31, 2003. The increase in gain on sale of loans during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over gain on sale of loans during the comparable nine month period a year ago resulted from the $1.3 billion increase in total mortgage loan dispositions during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over mortgage loan disposition levels reported during the comparable period a year ago, partially offset by slightly lower gain on sale rates realized by the Company on whole loan sales during the nine months ended March 31, 2004, compared to the gain on sale rates realized on its mix of whole loan and securitization dispositions during the comparable nine month period a year ago. During the nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Company relied solely on whole loan sales for cash as its loan disposition strategy. In comparison, during the nine months ended March 31, 2003, the Company relied on a combination of a securitization and whole loan sales for cash as its loan disposition strategy based on the Companys review of market conditions, profitability and cash flow needs and the Companys desire at that time to retain capacity under the Residual Forward Sale Facility (Residual Facility) with Capital Z Investments, L.P., a Bermuda partnership (CAI), an affiliate of Capital Z, the Companys largest stockholder.
Gain on sale of loans during the nine months ended March 31, 2003 includes $8.7 million of cash proceeds from the sale of residual interests to CZI under the Residual Facility. In addition, gain on sale of loans during the nine months ended March 31, 2003 includes $4.1 million of cash proceeds from the sale of mortgage servicing rights and the rights to prepayment fee income that were sold to an unaffiliated independent mortgage servicing company related to the securitization which closed during the period. At and during the nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Company had no hedge instruments in place. Gain on sale of loans during the nine months ended March 31, 2003 was reduced by $10.9 million of hedge losses on closed hedge positions. Finally, gain on sale of loans during the nine months ended March 31, 2003 was reduced by the amortization of $0.7 million of costs related to obtaining the Residual Facility, substantially all of which related to amortization of the remaining capitalized facility fee paid to CZI. The Residual Facility with CZI expired on March 31, 2003.
Origination Fees. Origination fees are primarily comprised of points and other fees, which include appraisal and credit investigation fees, charged by the Company on mortgage loans originated by the Companys retail channel, partially offset by broker compensation, generally referred to as yield spread premium, paid by the Company to mortgage loan brokers in connection with broker loan production. Retail points and fees are primarily a function of the volume of mortgage loans originated by the Company through its retail channel and the points and fees charged on such loans. Yield spread premiums are generally a function of the volume of mortgage loans originated by the Company through its broker channel and fees paid on such loans by the Company to referring brokers net of points and fees received at origination.
28
Origination fees during the three months ended March 31, 2004 were $13.0 million as compared to $12.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2003. The $0.6 million, or 4.4%, increase in origination fees during the three months ended March 31, 2004 from the amount reported during the comparable three month period during 2003 was attributable primarily to a $6.1 million, or 42.3%, increase in retail origination fees charged at the time of origination in the retail channel, partially offset by a $5.5 million, or 245.1%, increase in yield spread premium, net of points and fees, paid by the broker channel. Retail origination fees increased $6.1 million to $20.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over $14.5 million during the comparable three month period a year ago. The $6.1 million increase in retail origination fees is primarily due to the $192.3 million, or 48.8%, increase in total retail mortgage loan production during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over total retail mortgage loan production during the three months ended March 31, 2003. Retail points and fees, expressed as a percentage of retail volume, during the three months ended March 31, 2004 declined to 3.52% from 3.67% during the three months ended March 31, 2003. As previously reported, the Company has, primarily in response to competitive factors and, to a lesser extent, recent regulatory changes, reduced points and fees charged to customers in numerous states and for certain loan products.
Yield spread premium, net of points and fees, increased $5.5 million, or 245.1%, to $7.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over $2.2 million during the same three month period a year ago. The $5.5 million increase in yield spread premium, net of points and fees, is primarily due to the $657.1 million, or 105.6%, increase in total broker mortgage loan production during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over such production during the three months ended March 31, 2003. Average yield spread premium, net of points and fees, expressed as a percentage of total broker production was 0.60%, a 66.7% increase, over 0.36% during the three months ended March 31, 2003.
Origination fees during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 were $45.4 million, an increase of $5.3 million, or 13.2%, over the $40.1 million reported during the nine months ended March 31, 2003. The increase in origination fee revenue during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over origination fee revenue during the comparable nine month period a year ago is primarily attributable to a $13.2 million increase in points and fees charged at the time of origination in the retail channel, partially offset by a $7.9 million increase in yield spread premium, net of points and fees, paid by the broker channel. The increase in retail points and fees was attributable to the $392.5 million, or 28.8%, increase in total retail production during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over total retail production during the comparable nine month period a year ago. Retail points and fees, expressed as a percentage of retail volume remained constant at 3.52% during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 and March 31, 2003.
Yield spread premium, net of points and fees, paid by the broker channel increased $7.9 million, or 89.8%, to $16.7 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over the $8.8 million of yield spread premium paid during the same nine month period a year ago. The increase in the yield spread premium is primarily due to the $1.3 billion, or 69.3%, increase in total broker production during the 2004 period over total broker production during the comparable period in 2003, and, to a lesser extent, due to an increase of 10.9% in average yield spread premium during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over the average yield spread premium of during the nine months ended March 31, 2003. Average yield spread premium, net of points and fees, expressed as a percentage of total broker production increased to 0.51% from 0.46% during the nine months ended March 31, 2003.
29
Loan Servicing. Loan servicing revenue consists of prepayment fees, late charges and other fees retained by the Company and servicing fees earned on securitized pools, reduced by subservicing costs related to servicing advance arrangements and amortization of the Companys MSRs. See Critical Accounting Policies. Loan servicing revenue was $2.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to $1.3 million during the comparable three month period in 2003. During the three months ended March 31, 2004, servicing, late and prepayment fees increased $0.2 million from amounts reported during the comparable three month period a year ago. The increase was due primarily to the Companys loan servicing unit focusing its efforts in billing and subsequently collecting ancillary fees on loans in the securitization trusts. This was coupled with a $0.7 million decline in subservicing related expenses and MSR amortization expense during the three months ended March 31, 2004 from the amounts reported during the three months ended March 31, 2003. During the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company did not record any MSR amortization as its MSRs were fully amortized at September 30, 2003. The Company expects subservicing expense to trend downward in future periods as the balance of loans subserviced declines.
Loan servicing revenue during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 remained constant at $6.3 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2003 due primarily to declines in servicing, late and prepayment fees aggregating $2.0 million, partially offset by declines in subservicing related expenses and amortization of MSRs of $0.2 million and $1.8 million, respectively, during the 2004 period compared to the same period a year ago. The declines in servicing, late and prepayment fees during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 from the levels reported during the nine months ended March 31, 2003 are due to the $592.0 million decrease in the size of the Companys portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts serviced in-house at March 31, 2004 compared to March 31, 2003, together with a decrease in prepayment fees due to the aging of mortgage loans in securitization trusts serviced in-house beyond the term of their prepayment fee. Subservicing related expenses are declining due to the decrease in the number of loans being subserviced and the portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts serviced in-house. The Companys MSRs were fully amortized at September 30, 2003.
During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, the Company had in place an arrangement, entered into during the year ended June 30, 1999, designed to reduce its servicing advance obligations pursuant to which a loan servicing company purchased certain advances and agreed to make future advances with respect to an aggregate $388.0 million ($59.7 million at March 31, 2004) in principal amount of loans.
30
Excluding loans serviced on an interim basis, the Company has not added any new loans to the servicing portfolio since January 1, 2000 due to the Companys sale of its entire mortgage loan production in whole loan sales for cash and securitizations with servicing released since that time. The Companys total loan servicing portfolio at March 31, 2004 increased $655.1 million, or 37.6%, to $2.4 billion over $1.7 billion at June 30, 2003, reflecting an increase in loans serviced on an interim basis, offset by loan servicing portfolio runoff and by the November Trust Call involving $274.8 million of mortgage loans during the period. Mortgage loans in securitization trusts serviced by the Company in-house declined $480.3 million to $260.7 million at March 31, 2004 from $741.0 million at June 30, 2003. Moreover, subsequent to March 31, 2004, the Company transferred to the purchasers or their designated servicers approximately $564.7 million of loans, which represented loans sold in whole loan sales during the March 2004 quarter but subserviced by the Company at March 31, 2004 on an interim basis. The Companys servicing portfolio will continue to be impacted in the future by the Companys dispositions of its loan production through whole loan sales and securitizations on a servicing released basis, which has resulted in a smaller servicing portfolio. Future loan servicing revenue will be negatively impacted by continued run-off in the Companys portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts due to the Companys sale of mortgage loans on a servicing released basis. Run-off in the Companys portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts could be further exacerbated by the current mortgage interest rate environment which could accelerate prepayment activity of loans. Finally, the Companys servicing portfolio and future servicing revenue will be adversely effected if the Company calls any of the remaining securitization trusts.
Debt Extinguishment Income. The Company did not record any debt extinguishment income during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004.
As previously reported, during the three months ended March 31, 2003, the Company recorded $0.1 million of debt extinguishment income related to the extinguishment of $3.0 million of its Senior Notes at a discount from par for $2.9 million of cash.
As also previously disclosed, during the nine months ended March 31, 2003, debt extinguishment income was $27.2 million comprised of $25.0 million related to SFPs forgiveness of its holdings of 2012 Debentures and $2.2 million of debt extinguishment income recognized in connection with the Companys extinguishment of $22.1 million of its Senior Notes at a discount from par for $19.9 million of cash.
Interest Income. Interest income includes interest on loans held for sale, discount accretion income related to the Companys residual interests and interest on short-term overnight investments. Interest income during the three months ended March 31, 2004 increased by $1.0 million, or 6.0%, to $17.6 million from $16.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2003. Interest income decreased by $5.7 million, or 10.2%, to $50.2 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 from $55.9 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2003. The increase in interest income during the three months ended March 31, 2004 from the amounts reported during the comparable three month period a year ago was primarily due to a $4.6 million increase in interest income on loans held for sale during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over such interest income levels reported during the comparable period a year ago, partially offset by a decline of $3.6 million in discount accretion income recognized on the Companys residual interests. The increase in interest income on loans held for sale during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over the amount reported during the comparable period a year ago is attributable to higher outstanding balances of loans held for sale despite such loans having lower weighted average coupon rates during the three months ended March 31, 2004 when compared to such balances and coupon rates during the same period a year ago. The Companys residual interests were at lower balances during the three months ended March 31, 2004 when compared to residual interest levels during the same three month period a year ago.
31
The $5.7 million decrease in interest income during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 from the interest income amount reported during the comparable nine month period a year ago was primarily due to a $9.9 million decline in discount accretion income recognized on the Companys residual interests. The Companys residual interests were at lower balances during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 when compared to residual interest levels during the same nine month period a year ago. Partially offsetting the decrease in discount accretion income during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 from the amount reported during the same period a year ago was an increase of $4.2 million in interest income on loans held for sale during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over such interest income levels reported during the comparable period a year ago. The increase in interest income on loans held for sale during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over the amount reported during the comparable period a year ago is attributable to higher outstanding balances of loans held for sale despite such loans having lower weighted average coupon rates during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 when compared to such balances and coupon rates during the same period a year ago.
Expenses
General. Total expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2004 were $74.9 million compared to $57.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2003. The $17.0 million, or 29.4%, increase in total expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over total expenses during the comparable period in 2003 was attributable to increases of $14.8 million, $3.5 million and $0.4 million in personnel expense, production and general and administrative expense, respectively, partially offset by a decline of $1.7 million in interest expense.
Total expenses during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 were $206.4 million compared to $175.1 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2003. The $31.3 million, or 17.9%, increase in total expenses during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over total expenses during the comparable period a year ago was attributable to increases of $28.8 million, $7.5 million and $3.5 million in personnel, production and general and administrative expenses, respectively, partially offset by a decline of $8.4 million in interest expense.
Personnel. Personnel expense includes salaries, payroll taxes and medical and other employee benefits. Personnel expense also includes commissions that are related to the Companys loan origination volume, as retail and broker account executives earn incentives on funded loans. Total personnel expense during the three months ended March 31, 2004 increased $14.8 million, or 46.3%, to $46.7 million from $31.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2003. The increase was comprised primarily of a $9.0 million increase in commission compensation earned by retail and broker account executives during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over the same period a year ago due to the $849.4 million, or 83.5%, increase in total production during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over total production during the three months ended March 31, 2003. In addition, the increase was due to $3.8 million of increased salaries resulting from increased staffing levels, predominantly in loan production personnel, during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over staffing levels during the comparable three month period a year ago. Incentive compensation related to senior and other management increased $0.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over the three months ended March 31, 2003. Finally, payroll taxes, medical and other benefit costs increased $1.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over such expense amounts incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2003.
32
Personnel expense during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 was $127.6 million, an increase of $28.8 million, or 29.1%, over $98.8 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2003. Salaries, commissions, bonuses and incentives increased $25.6 million, or 30.4%, during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over the amounts reported during the nine months ended March 31, 2003. The increase was comprised primarily of commission compensation earned by retail and broker account executives of $17.3 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over the comparable nine month period in 2003 due to the $1.7 billion, or 52.6%, increase in total production during the 2004 period over total production during the 2003 period. In addition, the increase was due to $7.1 million of increased salaries resulting from increased staffing levels, predominantly in loan production personnel, during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over the same period in 2003 caused by growth in the Companys retail branch network and, to a lesser extent, to other employee head count growth. Incentive compensation related to senior and other management increased $1.2 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over the nine months ended March 31, 2003. Finally, the increase in personnel expense during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over the amount reported during the comparable nine month period a year ago is attributable to $3.2 million of increased health, medical, other benefit costs and incentive compensation awards to other employees.
Production. Production expense, primarily advertising, outside appraisal costs, travel and entertainment, and credit reporting fees increased $3.5 million, or 51.5%, to $10.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over $6.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2003. Production expense during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 increased $7.5 million, or 40.3%, to $26.1 million over $18.6 million during the comparable nine month period a year ago. The increases in production expense during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 from the comparable three and nine month periods a year ago is due primarily to increased advertising, appraisal and credit reporting expenses relative to the Companys $849.4 million, or 83.5%, and $1.7 billion, or 52.6%, increases in loan origination volumes during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004, over those during the comparable three and nine month periods a year ago, respectively. Production expense expressed as a percentage of total loan origination volume decreased to 0.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2004 compared to 0.7% during the three months ended March 31, 2003. The decrease is attributable to the $849.4 million, or 83.5%, increase in total loan production during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over the levels reported during the same period a year ago, partially offset by the increase in production expense during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over those reported during the comparable three month period a year ago. Production expense expressed as a percentage of total loan origination volume during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 was 0.5% compared to 0.6% during the comparable nine month period in 2003.
33
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses increased $0.4 million, or 3.8%, to $11.4 million and $3.5 million, or 11.6%, to $33.7 million during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004, respectively, from $11.0 million and $30.2 million during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2003, respectively. The increase during the three months ended March 31, 2004 over the comparable three month period a year ago was primarily attributable to increases in legal, insurance, occupancy and communication expenses, partially offset by a decline in professional expenses. The increase in general and administrative expenses during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 over the comparable nine month period a year ago was primarily due to increases in occupancy, communication, insurance and professional expenses, partially offset by a decline in legal expenses.
Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased $1.7 million, or 20.4%, and $8.4 million, or 30.7%, to $6.5 million and $19.0 million during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004, respectively, from $8.2 million and $27.4 million during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2003, respectively. The decrease in interest expense during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 from levels reported during the comparable three and nine month periods a year ago resulted primarily from lower interest rates associated with the Companys revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities used to fund the origination of mortgage loans prior to their disposition despite increased average borrowings in the 2004 periods. To a lesser extent, the decrease in interest expense resulted from the full redemption of the Companys Senior Notes and a $49.6 million decrease in the 2006 Debentures by the Company during the year ended June 30, 2003. The Companys revolving warehouse and repurchase agreements bear interest rates that are indexed to the one-month LIBOR which, during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004, declined from levels during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2003. While the Companys interest costs on its revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities trended down during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 from the comparable three and nine month periods a year ago, such interest expense is expected to increase in future periods due to the Companys continued reliance on external revolving financing arrangements to fund mortgage loan production and expected continued upward pressure on one month LIBOR in coming quarters. Interest expense also includes the amortization of capitalized financing costs incurred on revolving committed warehouse facilities entered into by the Company. Amortization of capitalized financing costs related to such facilities was $1.2 million and $3.8 million during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004, respectively, compared to $1.2 million and $3.5 million during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2003, respectively.
As a result of extinguishing the remaining $127.9 million of Senior Notes, which had a fixed 9.125% coupon rate, with the $74.1 million Financing Facility which bears interest at one-month LIBOR plus 2.75%, together with the reduction of the Financing Facility to $18.3 million at March 31, 2004, the redemption of the remaining $4.8 million of 2012 Debentures and the $49.6 million decrease in the 2006 Debentures, which have a fixed 5.5% coupon rate, during the year ended June 30, 2003, the Company expects that interest expense on its nonrevolving indebtedness will be lower in fiscal 2004 compared to fiscal 2003.
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Income Taxes. During the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $0.1 million comprised of a $2.8 million federal benefit related to net operating loss carryforwards and a $2.7 million state provision which related to various state tax obligations. During the nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $18.1 million. The Company has determined it is more likely than not that certain future tax benefits, primarily net operating loss carryforwards, will be realized as a result of future income. Therefore, during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004, the deferred tax valuation allowance was decreased to recognize higher than previously anticipated net deferred tax assets. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Companys effective tax rates were (0.4%) and (37.1%), respectively. The variance in the effective rate from the federal statutory rate is due the to the recognition of deferred tax assets resulting from net operating loss carryforwards. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2003, the Company recorded income tax provisions of $0.9 million and $3.1 million, respectively, which related primarily to taxes on excess inclusion income on the Companys REMIC trusts and, to a lesser extent, to miscellaneous state tax obligations. Such tax provisions reflect effective tax rates of 11.9% and 14.2% for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2003.
The investment in the Company by Capital Z during the year ended June 30, 1999 resulted in a change in control for income tax purposes thereby potentially limiting future net operating loss and certain other future deductions for losses prior to February 1999.
Financial Condition
Loans Held for Sale. The Companys portfolio of loans held for sale increased to $797.1 million at March 31, 2004 from $401.0 million at June 30, 2003 due primarily to total loan originations exceeding total loan dispositions during the nine months ended March 31, 2004.
Advances and Other Receivables. Advances and other receivables are comprised of interest and servicing advances; servicing and miscellaneous fees; cash due from the securitization trusts; and accrued interest receivable and other miscellaneous receivables. The level of servicing advances, in any given period, is dependent upon portfolio delinquencies, the level of REO and loans in the process of foreclosure, and the timing and remittance of cash collections on mortgage loans in the securitization trusts. The Company funds advances on a recurring basis not otherwise covered by financing arrangements and recovers those advances on a periodic basis.
Advances and other receivables decreased $19.2 million to $22.1 million at March 31, 2004 from $41.3 million at June 30, 2003. The decrease is primarily attributable to decreases of $23.4 million and $0.3 million in interest and servicing advances and servicing and miscellaneous fees receivable, respectively, partially offset by increases of $4.5 million in accrued interest and other receivables.
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The $23.4 million decrease in servicing and interest advances to the securitization trusts at March 31, 2004 from June 30, 2003 is comprised of $13.0 million of advances made by the Company in its role of servicer of the mortgage loans in the securitization trusts, net of $21.4 million of recoveries of such advances during the nine months ended March 31, 2004. In addition, the decrease is also attributable to servicing and advance recoveries of $15.0 million received during the nine months ended March 31, 2004 from the Companys pool calls. The $0.3 million decline in servicing and miscellaneous fees receivable at March 31, 2004 from June 30, 2003 is due primarily to declining servicing and late fees earned by the Company as a consequence of the decrease in its portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts during the nine months ended March 31, 2004. The $4.5 million increase in accrued interest receivable and other receivables at March 31, 2004 when compared to the balance at June 30, 2003 is due primarily to a $4.3 million increase in amounts due from counterparties on whole loan sales and other transactions, coupled with a $0.2 million increase in accrued interest receivable at March 31, 2004.
The Company periodically evaluates its accounts receivable for realizability and charges income for amounts deemed uncollectible.
Residual Interests. Residual interests decreased to $48.5 million at March 31, 2004 from $129.2 million at June 30, 2003, reflecting $85.1 million of cash received from the securitization trusts, of which $61.8 million related to securitization trust calls, partially offset by $4.4 million of residual interest discount accretion during the nine months ended March 31, 2004.
Equipment and Improvements, net. Equipment and improvements, net, increased to $9.0 million at March 31, 2004 from $8.9 million at June 30, 2003, which reflected the capitalization of new equipment and improvement acquisitions which outpaced depreciation and amortization during the nine months ended March 31, 2004.
Prepaid and Other Assets. Prepaid and other assets decreased $1.6 million to $16.1 million at March 31, 2004 from $17.7 million at June 30, 2003. The decrease was attributable primarily to the receipt by the Company of $2.5 million of licensing, permit and performance bond deposits during the nine months ended March 31, 2004. Included in prepaids and other assets at June 30, 2003 were $0.2 million of MSRs which were fully amortized at March 31, 2004. During the nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Company did not capitalize any MSRs as all of the Companys $4.7 billion of total loan dispositions during the period were whole loan sales for cash with servicing released.
Borrowings. As previously reported, on June 30, 2003, the Company borrowed $74.1 million through the Financing Facility and redeemed $127.9 million principal balance of its Senior Notes. Borrowings, which totaled $82.7 million at March 31, 2004, was comprised of $64.4 million outstanding under the Companys 2006 Debentures and $18.3 million outstanding under the Financing Facility. In comparison, amounts outstanding under the 2006 Debentures and the Financing Facility were $64.4 million and $74.1 million, respectively, or a total of $138.5 million, at June 30, 2003. The $55.8 million decline in borrowings at March 31, 2004 from June 30, 2003, represents the Companys payments on the Financing Facility during the nine months ended March 31, 2004.
Revolving Warehouse Facilities. Amounts outstanding under revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities increased to $699.6 million at March 31, 2004 from $343.7 million at June 30, 2003 as the result of the increase in loans held for sale due to loan originations during the nine months ended March 31, 2004, partially offset by the Companys loan dispositions during the period. Proceeds from whole loan sales and securitizations are used first to reduce balances outstanding under the Companys revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities, and then used to satisfy corporate operating requirements.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Companys operations require continued access to short-term and long-term sources of cash. The Companys primary operating cash requirements include: (i) the funding of mortgage loan originations and purchases prior to their securitization and sale, (ii) fees, expenses and hedging costs, if any, incurred in connection with the securitization and sale of loans, (iii) ongoing administrative, operating, and tax expenses, (iv) interest and principal payments and liquidity requirements under the Companys revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities, and other existing indebtedness, (v) advances in connection with the Companys servicing portfolio, and (vi) overcollateralization requirements in connection with securitizations.
The Companys primary sources of liquidity are expected to be (i) fundings under revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities, (ii) securitization and sale of mortgage loans and related servicing rights and (iii) monetization of the overcollateralization in the Companys portfolio of mortgage loans in securitization trusts. As previously reported, at June 30, 2003, the Company monetized its residual interests and its servicing advances through the Financing Facility.
Warehouse and Repurchase Facilities. The Company generally relies on revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities to finance the origination or purchase of mortgage loans prior to securitization or sale. At March 31, 2004, the Company had total revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities in the amount of $1.2 billion, of which $1.1 billion and $100.0 million were committed and uncommitted, respectively. At March 31, 2004, amounts outstanding under the facilities were $699.6 million. Of the $1.2 billion of revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities available to the Company at March 31, 2004, $300.0 million, $200.0 million, $200.0 million, $300.0 million and $200.0 million mature on July 30, 2004, August 27, 2004, September 30, 2004, October 30, 2004 and November 30, 2004, respectively.
Certain of the Companys warehouse and repurchase facility lenders advance less than 100% of the principal balance of the mortgage loans, requiring the Company to use working capital to fund the remaining portion of the principal balance of the mortgage loans.
All of the Companys revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities contain provisions requiring the Company to meet certain periodic financial covenants, including, among other things, minimum liquidity, stockholders equity, leverage, and net income levels. If the Company is unable to meet these financial covenants going forward, or is unable to obtain subsequent amendments or waivers, if required, or for any other reason is unable to maintain existing warehouse or repurchase lines or renew them when they expire, it would have to cease loan production operations which would jeopardize the Companys ability to continue to operate as a going concern.
The Securitization and Sale of Mortgage Loans. The Companys ability to sell loans originated by it in the secondary market through securitizations and whole loan sales is necessary to generate cash proceeds to pay down its warehouse and repurchase facilities and fund new mortgage loan originations. The ability of the Company to sell loans in the secondary market on acceptable terms is essential for the continuation of the Companys loan origination operations.
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During the nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Company sold all of its $4.7 billion of loan dispositions in whole loan sales for cash and did not dispose of any of its loans through securitizations. Of the Companys $3.3 billion of loan dispositions during the nine months ended March 31, 2003, $3.0 billion and $315.0 million were sold in whole loan sales for cash and securitized, respectively. The gain on sale recognized by the Company on securitizations and whole loan sales is affected by, among other things, market conditions at the time of the loan disposition, and the Companys assumptions used in securitizations. See Results of OperationsRevenue.
In connection with securitization transactions, the Company is generally required to provide credit enhancements in the form of overcollateralization amounts or reserve accounts. In addition, during the life of the related securitization trusts, the Company subordinates a portion of the excess cash flow otherwise due it to the rights of holders of senior interests as a credit enhancement to support the sale of the senior interests. The terms of the securitization trusts generally require that all excess cash flow otherwise payable to the Company during the early months of the trusts be used to increase the cash reserve accounts or to repay the senior interests in order to increase overcollateralization to specified maximums. Overcollateralization requirements for certain pools increase up to approximately twice the level otherwise required when the delinquency rates or realized losses for those pools exceed the specified limit. At March 31, 2004, an additional $28.2 million of overcollateralization was required to be maintained due to the level of delinquency rates and realized losses of mortgage loans being in excess of specified delinquency rates and realized losses in certain securitization trusts. At March 31, 2004, the Company was required to maintain overcollateralization amounts of $59.1 million, which included the $28.2 million, of which $59.1 million was maintained.
In the Companys securitizations structured as a real estate mortgage investment conduit (REMIC), the recognition of non-cash gain on sale has a negative impact on the cash flow of the Company since the Company is required to pay federal and state taxes on a portion of these amounts in the period recognized although it does not receive the cash representing the gain until later periods as the cash flows are received and applicable reserve or overcollateralization requirements are met.
Monetization of Overcollateralization in the Companys Portfolio of Mortgage Loan in Securitization Trusts. The Company had retained residual interests in seven securitization trusts which had overcollateralization balances of $59.1 million at March 31, 2004. The Company expects six of the remaining seven securitization trusts, with overcollateralization balances of $44.6 million at March 31, 2004, to be callable in calendar year 2004, and expects to call them by the end of calendar year 2004.
Other sources of cash previously used by the Company to fund its operations included the monetization of residual interests and servicing advances and debt and equity securities.
Monetization of Residual Interests. As previously reported, on June 30, 2003 the Company borrowed $74.1 million ($18.3 million at March 31, 2004) through the Financing Facility of which $49.2 million ($9.3 million at March 31, 2004) was secured by its residual interests.
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Monetization of Servicing Advances. The Company pledged certain of its existing servicing advances to collateralize $24.9 million ($9.0 million at March 31, 2004) of the Financing Facility. Future servicing advances related to certain of the Companys securitization trusts will also collateralize the Financing Facility unless and until it is fully repaid.
The Issuance of Debt and Equity Securities. Since February 1999, the Company has raised $180.2 million through the sale of preferred stock in several phases, consisting of $170.8 million to Capital Z and its designees, $4.7 million to certain members of the Companys management and $4.7 million to holders of the Companys common stock. The Company also issued warrants to affiliates and employees of an affiliate of Capital Z to purchase an aggregate of 500,000 shares of the Companys common stock for $5.00 per share in February 1999, and warrants to purchase 5.0 million shares of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock at $0.85 per share in July 2001.
On June 30, 2003, the Company borrowed $74.1 million pursuant to the Financing Facility due December 31, 2004 and redeemed its Senior Notes through a $53.8 million cash remittance. Under the Financing Facility, the Company is required to comply with various operating and financial covenants including covenants which may restrict the Companys ability to pay certain distributions, including dividends. The Company received a waiver from the lender permitting the Company to pay dividends, as declared, on its preferred stock accrued through March 31, 2004.
The Company had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $17.1 million at March 31, 2004.
If the Companys access to warehouse lines, working capital or the securitization or whole loan markets is restricted, the Company may have to seek additional equity. There can be no assurance that sufficient sources of liquidity will be available to the Company at any given time or that favorable terms will be available. If the Company is unable to maintain sufficient liquidity, the Company would be restricted in the amount of loans that it will be able to produce and sell which would negatively impact profitability and jeopardize the Companys ability to continue to operate as a going concern.
Risk Management
At and during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Company had no hedge instruments in place. During the three months ended March 31, 2003, as it has from time to time, entered into agreements to hedge its interest rate risk exposure to its loans held for sale. Gain on sale of loans during the three months ended March 31, 2003 includes a charge of $0.2 million related to the Companys hedging activities, all of which related to losses on closed forward interest rate swap agreements. Gain on sale of loans during the nine months ended March 31, 2003 included charges of $10.9 million related to the Companys hedging activities. The Company continually monitors the interest rate environment and its hedging strategies. However, there can be no assurance that the earnings of the Company would not be adversely affected during any period of unexpected changes in interest rates or prepayment rates, including charges to earnings on future derivative contracts into which the Company may enter.
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Rate Sensitive Derivative Financial Instruments, Rate Sensitive Assets and Liabilities and Off-Balance SheetActivities
Sale of LoansSecuritizations and Whole Loan SalesInterest Rate Risk. A significant variable in the determination of gain on sale in a securitization is the spread between the weighted average coupon on the securitized loans and the pass-through interest rate. In the interim period between loan origination or purchase and securitization of such loans, the Company is exposed to interest rate risk. The majority of loans are either sold or securitized within 90 days of origination or purchase. However, a portion of the loans is held for sale or securitization for as long as 12 months (or longer, in very limited circumstances) prior to securitization or sale. If interest rates rise during the period that the mortgage loans are held, the spread between the weighted average interest rate on the loans to be securitized and the pass-through interest rates on the securities to be sold (the latter having increased as a result of market rate movements) would narrow. Upon sale or securitization, this would result in a reduction of the Companys related gain on sale. From time to time, the Company mitigates exposure to rising interest rates through the use of forward interest rate swap agreements or other hedging activities. These hedging activities help mitigate the risk of absolute movements in interest rates.
Rate sensitive assets and liabilities. At March 31, 2004, the Companys $797.1 million inventory of loans held for sale was comprised of $221.5 million and $575.6 million of fixed and variable rate mortgage loans, respectively, which had weighted average interest rates of 8.10% and 7.03%, respectively. The weighted average interest rate on the Companys total inventory of loans held for sale was 7.57% at March 31, 2004. In comparison, at June 30, 2003 the Companys $401.0 million inventory of loans held for sale was comprised of $165.8 million and $235.2 million of fixed and variable rate mortgage loans, respectively, which had weighted average interest rates of 7.79% and 7.65%, respectively. The weighted average interest rate on the Companys total inventory of loans held for sale was 7.72% at June 30, 2003.
At March 31, 2004, the Company had aggregate outstanding funded indebtedness of $782.4 million, of which $718.0 million and $64.4 million bore variable and fixed interest rates, respectively. At March 31, 2004, the weighted average variable interest rate on the Companys $717.9 million of outstanding revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities and the Financing Facility was 2.28%. All of the Companys revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities and the Financing Facility were indexed to one-month LIBOR which, at March 31, 2004, was 1.09%. The weighted average interest rate on the Companys $64.4 million of outstanding fixed rate borrowings was 5.5% at March 31, 2004 and at June 30, 2003. At June 30, 2003 the weighted average interest rate on the Companys $417.8 million of outstanding revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities and the Financing Facility was 2.52%. At June 30, 2003, the one-month LIBOR was 1.12%.
Residual Interests and MSRs. The Company had residual interests of $48.5 million and $129.2 million outstanding at March 31, 2004 and June 30, 2003, respectively. The Company had no MSRs outstanding at March 31, 2004 and $0.2 million at June 30, 2003. Residual interests were recorded at estimated fair value. The Company estimates the fair value of its residual interests based on the present value of estimated future cash flows using various assumptions. The weighted average discount rate used to calculate the present value of the residual interests were 13.7% and 13.5% at March 31, 2004 and June 30, 2003, respectively. The weighted average life of the mortgage loans used for valuation was 2.0 years at March 31, 2004 and 1.9 years at June 30, 2003.
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The residual interests are subject to actual prepayment or credit loss risk in excess of assumptions used in valuation. Ultimate cash flows realized from these assets would be reduced should actual prepayments or credit losses exceed assumptions used in the valuation. Conversely, cash flows realized would be greater should actual prepayments or credit losses be below expectations.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The Company uses various methods and assumptions when estimating the fair value of financial instruments. Cash and cash equivalents are based on the carrying amount which is a reasonable estimate of the fair value. Loans held for sale are based on current investor yield requirements. Advances and other receivables are generally short term in nature, therefore the carrying value approximates fair value. Residual interests and mortgage servicing rights are based on the present value of expected future cash flows using assumptions based on the Companys historical experience, industry information and estimated rates of future prepayment and credit loss. Borrowings are based on the carrying amount when such amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value or on quoted market prices. Amounts outstanding under revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities are short term in nature and generally bear market rates of interest and, therefore, are based on the carrying amount which is a reasonable estimate of fair value. Forward interest rate swap agreements are based on quoted market prices.
Credit Risk. The Company is exposed to on-balance sheet credit risk related to its loans held for sale and residual interests. The Company is exposed to off-balance sheet credit risk related to loans which the Company has committed to originate or purchase.
Warehousing Exposure. The Company utilizes revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities to facilitate the holding of mortgage loans prior to securitization or sale in the whole loan markets. At March 31, 2004, the Company had total revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities available in the amount of $1.2 billion, of which $1.1 billion and $100.0 million was committed and uncommitted, respectively, and the total amount outstanding on these facilities was $699.6 million. Revolving warehouse and repurchase facilities are typically for a term of one year or less and are designated to fund mortgages originated within specified underwriting guidelines. The majority of the assets remain in the facilities for a period of up to 90 days at which point they are securitized and/or sold to institutional investors. As these amounts are short term in nature and/or generally bear market rates of interest, the contractual amounts of these instruments are reasonable estimates of their fair values.
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Item 4. Controls and Procedures. At the end of the period covered by this report on Form 10-Q, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Companys Disclosure Committee and management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Companys disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 15d-15. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Companys disclosure controls and procedures are effective in timely alerting them to material information relating to the Company (including its consolidated subsidiaries) required to be included in reports the Company files with the SEC pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Subsequent to the date of that evaluation, there have been no significant changes in the Companys internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect the internal controls.
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PART IIOTHER INFORMATION
On April 27, 2004, the Company received a civil investigative demand, or CID, from the Federal Trade Commission, or the FTC, that, although not alleging any wrongdoing, sought documents and data relating to the Company's business and lending practices. The CID was issued pursuant to an April 8, 2004 resolution of the FTC authorizing non-public investigations of various unnamed subprime lenders and loan brokers to determine whether there have been violations of certain consumer protection laws. The Company intends to cooperate fully with the FTC in this investigation. Because the investigation is at an early stage, the Company cannot predict the outcome of the investigation and its effect, if any, on the Company's business.
The Company becomes involved, from time to time, in a variety of mortgage lending related claims and other matters incidental to its business. In the opinion of the Company, the resolution of any of these pending incidental matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of ProceedsNone
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior SecuritiesNone
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security HoldersNone
Item 5. Other InformationNone
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) | Exhibits: See Exhibit Index |
(b) | The Company filed the following Current Reports on Form 8-K during the quarter ended March 31, 2004: |
On January 22, 2004, the Company filed a Form 8-K (dated November 30, 2003) reporting delinquency and loss statistics in the loan servicing portfolio of Aames Capital Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. |
On February 2, 2004, the Company filed a Form 8-K (dated February 2, 2004) reporting presentation materials for the ABS West 2004 conference. |
On February 2, 2004, the Company filed a Form 8-K (dated February 2, 2004) reporting results for the quarter ended December 31, 2003. |
On February 23, 2004, the Company filed a Form 8-K (dated February 20, 2004) announcing the proposed REIT conversion and concurrent public offering. |
On March 4, 2004, the Company filed a Form 8-K (dated December 31, 2003) reporting delinquency and loss statistics in the loan servicing portfolio of Aames Capital Corporation. |
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On March 4, 2004, the Company filed a Form 8-K (dated January 31, 2004) reporting delinquency and loss statistics in the loan servicing portfolio of Aames Capital Corporation. |
On March 26, 2004, the Company filed a Form 8-K (dated March 23, 2004) announcing the declaration of a cash dividend payable to holders of preferred stock for the quarter ended March 31, 2004 and filing of registration statements on Forms S-4 and S-11 in connection with the proposed REIT conversion and concurrent public offering. |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report on Form 10-Q to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
AAMES FINANCIAL CORPORATION | ||
Date: May 21, 2004 | ||
By: |
||
/s/Ronald J. Nicolas, Jr. | ||
Ronald J. Nicolas,
Jr. Executive Vice President--Finance and Chief Financial Officer |
||
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EXHIBIT INDEX
3.1 | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Registrant, as amended (1) |
3.2 | Bylaws of Registrant, as amended (2) |
4.1 | Specimen certificate evidencing Common Stock of Registrant (3) |
4.2 | Specimen certificate evidencing Series B Convertible Preferred Stock of Registrant (3) |
4.3 | Certificate of Designations for Series B Convertible Preferred Stock of Registrant, as amended (1) |
4.4 | Specimen certificate evidencing Series C Convertible Preferred Stock of Registrant (3) |
4.5 | Certificate of Designations for Series C Convertible Preferred Stock of Registrant, as amended (1) |
4.6 | Specimen certificate evidencing Series D Convertible Preferred Stock of Registrant (3) |
4.7 | Certificate of Designations for Series D Convertible Preferred Stock of Registrant, as amended (1) |
4.8 | Certificate of Designations for Series E Preferred Stock of Registrant (1) |
4.10 | Indenture, dated as of February 26, 1996, between Registrant and The Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A., relating to Registrant's 5.5% Convertible Subordinated Debentures due 2006 (4) |
10.31(d) | Amendment No. 2 dated as of January 22, 2004 to the Exhibit 10.31(c) |
10.33(j) | Amendment No. 1 to the guaranty dated as of June 30, 2003, made by Aames Financial Corporation in favor of Greenwich Capital Financial Products, Inc. |
10.35(e) | Amendment No. 1 to the Corporate Guaranty by Aames Financial, amending the Corporate Guaranty dated December 1, 2003 |
10.38 | Aames Financial Corporation Executive Severance Plan, Amended and Restated as of September 18, 2003 |
11 | Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Income per Common Share |
31.1 | Certification of A. Jay Meyerson pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
31.2 | Certification of Ronald J. Nicolas, Jr. pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
32 | Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
_________________
(1) | Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's registration statement on Form S-8, file number 333-108915, filed September 18, 2003 |
(2) | Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 1999, filed with the Commission on September 3, 1999 |
(3) | Incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2000, filed with the Commission on September 28, 2000 |
(4) | Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1996 and filed with the Commission on July 3, 1996 |