UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2005 |
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o |
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO |
Commission file number: 000-50789
Digirad Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
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33-0145723 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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13950 Stowe Drive, Poway, CA |
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92064 |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) |
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(Zip Code) |
(858) 726-1600
(Registrants Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No ý
As of April 29, 2005, the registrant had 18,145,597 shares of Common Stock ($0.0001 par value) outstanding.
2
Digirad Corporation
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except par value amounts)
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March 31, |
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December 31, |
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(Unaudited) |
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Assets |
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Current assets: |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
8,036 |
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$ |
11,348 |
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Securities available-for-sale |
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42,557 |
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44,215 |
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Accounts receivable, net |
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11,618 |
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10,017 |
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Inventories, net |
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8,083 |
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6,980 |
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Other current assets |
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1,687 |
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1,620 |
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Total current assets |
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71,981 |
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74,180 |
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Property and equipment, net |
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11,734 |
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11,182 |
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Intangibles, net |
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523 |
|
542 |
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Restricted cash |
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120 |
|
120 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
84,358 |
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$ |
86,024 |
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Liabilities and stockholders equity |
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Current liabilities: |
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Accounts payable |
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$ |
5,012 |
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$ |
4,313 |
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Accrued compensation |
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1,963 |
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2,410 |
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Accrued warranty |
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1,211 |
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1,219 |
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Other accrued liabilities |
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3,255 |
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2,651 |
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Deferred revenue |
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2,908 |
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2,344 |
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Current portion of debt |
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923 |
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2,228 |
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Total current liabilities |
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15,272 |
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15,165 |
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Deferred rent |
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366 |
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371 |
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Long-term debt, net of current portion |
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876 |
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1,754 |
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Commitments and contingencies |
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Stockholders equity |
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Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value: 10,000 shares authorized at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004; no shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 |
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Common stock, $0.0001 par value: 150,000 shares authorized at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004; 18,134 and 18,075 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively |
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2 |
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2 |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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149,835 |
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149,845 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
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(214 |
) |
(97 |
) |
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Deferred compensation |
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(702 |
) |
(920 |
) |
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Accumulated deficit |
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(81,077 |
) |
(80,096 |
) |
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Total stockholders equity |
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67,844 |
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68,734 |
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Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
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$ |
84,358 |
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$ |
86,024 |
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See accompanying notes.
3
Digirad Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
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Three months ended March 31, |
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2005 |
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2004 |
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Revenues: |
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DIS |
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$ |
12,322 |
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$ |
10,407 |
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Product |
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5,648 |
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5,461 |
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Total revenues |
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17,970 |
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15,868 |
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Cost of revenues: |
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DIS |
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8,625 |
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7,265 |
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Product |
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4,129 |
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3,639 |
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Stock-based compensation |
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59 |
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116 |
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Total cost of revenues |
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12,813 |
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11,020 |
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Gross profit |
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5,157 |
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4,848 |
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Operating expenses: |
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Research and development |
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900 |
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640 |
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Sales and marketing |
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2,018 |
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1,780 |
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General and administrative |
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3,329 |
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2,145 |
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Amortization of intangible assets |
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16 |
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16 |
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Stock-based compensation |
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119 |
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188 |
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Total operating expenses |
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6,382 |
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4,769 |
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Income (loss) from operations |
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(1,225 |
) |
79 |
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Other income (expense): |
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Interest income |
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342 |
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8 |
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Interest expense |
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(90 |
) |
(323 |
) |
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Other |
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(8 |
) |
(30 |
) |
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Total other income (expense) |
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244 |
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(345 |
) |
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Net loss |
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(981 |
) |
(266 |
) |
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Accretion of deferred issuance costs on preferred stock |
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(88 |
) |
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Net loss applicable to common stockholders |
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$ |
(981 |
) |
$ |
(354 |
) |
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Net loss per common share - basic and diluted (1) |
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$ |
(0.05 |
) |
$ |
(10.88 |
) |
Shares used in computing net loss per common share: |
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Weighted average shares outstanding basic and diluted |
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18,105 |
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33 |
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The composition of stock-based compensation is as follows: |
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Cost of product revenue |
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$ |
25 |
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$ |
55 |
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Cost of DIS revenue |
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34 |
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61 |
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Research and development |
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22 |
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28 |
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Sales and marketing |
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21 |
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45 |
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General and administrative |
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76 |
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115 |
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$ |
178 |
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$ |
304 |
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(1) As a result of the conversion of our preferred stock into 12.4 million shares of our common stock upon the completion of our initial public offering in June 2004 of 5,500,000 shares of our common stock, there is a lack of comparability in the basic and diluted net loss per share amounts for the periods presented above. Please refer to Note 6 for the pro forma basic and diluted net loss per share calculations for the periods presented.
See accompanying notes.
4
Digirad Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
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Three months ended March 31, |
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2005 |
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2004 |
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Operating activities |
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Net loss |
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$ |
(981 |
) |
$ |
(266 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |
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Depreciation |
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866 |
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720 |
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Loss on disposal of assets |
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8 |
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30 |
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Amortization of premium on securities available-for-sale |
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120 |
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Amortization of intangibles |
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16 |
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16 |
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Stock-based compensation |
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178 |
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293 |
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Options issued to non-employees |
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10 |
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Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
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Accounts receivable |
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(1,601 |
) |
(452 |
) |
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Inventories |
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(1,034 |
) |
(37 |
) |
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Other assets |
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(67 |
) |
(614 |
) |
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Accounts payable |
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699 |
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1,514 |
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Accrued compensation |
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(447 |
) |
520 |
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Accrued warranty, deferred rent and other accrued liabilities |
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590 |
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1,240 |
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Deferred revenue |
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564 |
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96 |
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Net cash provided (used) by operating activities |
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(1,089 |
) |
3,070 |
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Investing activities |
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Purchases of securities available-for-sale |
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(9,104 |
) |
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Maturities of securities available-for-sale |
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10,525 |
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Purchases of property and equipment |
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(1,493 |
) |
(1,243 |
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Patents and other assets |
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(22 |
) |
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Net cash used by investing activities |
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(72 |
) |
(1,265 |
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Financing activities |
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Issuances of common stock |
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30 |
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15 |
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Net borrowings (repayments) under lines of credit |
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(174 |
) |
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Proceeds from capital lease financing |
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105 |
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Repayment of obligations under capital leases |
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(2,181 |
) |
(530 |
) |
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Net cash used by financing activities |
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(2,151 |
) |
(584 |
) |
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
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(3,312 |
) |
1,221 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
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11,348 |
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7,681 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
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$ |
8,036 |
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$ |
8,902 |
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Supplemental information: |
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Cash paid during the period for interest |
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$ |
63 |
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$ |
319 |
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See accompanying notes.
5
1. Interim Financial Information
Organization
Digirad Corporation (Digirad), a Delaware corporation, designs, develops, manufactures, markets, sells and services solid-state digital gamma cameras for use in nuclear medicine. Through two subsidiaries, Digirad Imaging Solutions, Inc. and Digirad Imaging Systems, Inc., collectively DIS, Digirad provides in-office services for physicians, offering certified personnel, required licensure, an imaging system and other support and supplies as required or needed for the performance of nuclear imaging procedures under the supervision of our physician customers. DIS physician customers enter into annual lease contracts for imaging services delivered on a per-day basis.
Basis of Presentation
We have prepared the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of our management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Intercompany accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire year. For further information see our financial statements and related disclosures thereto for the year ended December 31, 2004 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2. Inventories
Inventories consist of the following:
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March 31, |
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December 31, |
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|
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2005 |
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2004 |
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Raw materials |
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$ |
2,755 |
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$ |
2,308 |
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Work-in-progress |
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4,767 |
|
4,046 |
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Finished goods |
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1,085 |
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1,041 |
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8,607 |
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7,395 |
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Less reserves for excess and obsolete inventories |
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(524 |
) |
(415 |
) |
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$ |
8,083 |
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$ |
6,980 |
|
3. Warranty
We provide a warranty on certain of our products and accrue the estimated cost at the time revenue is recorded. Warranty expense is charged to product cost of revenues. The majority of all warranty periods are 12 months before customer-sponsored maintenance begins. Warranty reserves are established based on historical experience with failure rates and repair costs and the number of gamma cameras covered by warranty. Warranty reserves are depleted as gamma cameras are repaired. The costs consist principally of materials, labor, overhead and transportation. We review warranty reserves periodically and, if necessary, make adjustments.
The activities in our warranty reserve are as follows:
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Three months ended March 31, |
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2005 |
|
2004 |
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Balance at beginning of period |
|
$ |
1,219 |
|
$ |
1,051 |
|
Charges to cost of revenues |
|
382 |
|
524 |
|
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Applied to liability |
|
(390 |
) |
(399 |
) |
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Balance at end of period |
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$ |
1,211 |
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$ |
1,176 |
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6
4. Stock-Based Compensation
We have elected to follow Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related Interpretations in accounting for our employee stock options as permitted by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. Under APB 25, if the exercise price of our employee stock options is not less than the fair value of the underlying stock on the date of grant, no compensation expense is recognized. The following table illustrates the effect on net earnings and earnings per share as if we had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 to stock-based employee compensation:
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Three months ended March 31, |
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2005 |
|
2004 |
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Net loss applicable to common stockholders, as reported |
|
$ |
(981 |
) |
$ |
(354 |
) |
Add: total stock-based employee compensation included in reported net loss |
|
178 |
|
293 |
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Less: total stock-based employee compensation determined under the fair value method for all awards |
|
(539 |
) |
(330 |
) |
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Pro forma net loss |
|
$ |
(1,342 |
) |
$ |
(391 |
) |
|
|
|
|
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Basic and diluted net loss per common share - as reported |
|
$ |
(0.05 |
) |
$ |
(10.88 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
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Basic and diluted net loss per common share - pro forma |
|
$ |
(0.07 |
) |
$ |
(12.02 |
) |
The fair value of the options granted prior to the completion of our initial public offering was estimated at the date of grant using the minimum value pricing model. Upon completion of the initial public offering in June 2004, we began using the Black-Scholes model to estimate fair value. The estimated fair value of the options is amortized on an accelerated basis in accordance with FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 28 over the vesting period.
The following assumptions were utilized for the calculations during each period:
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Three months ended March 31, |
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2005 |
|
2004 |
|
|
|
|
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Expected dividend yield |
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|
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Risk-free interest rate |
|
3.77 |
% |
3.00 |
% |
Expected volatility |
|
75 |
% |
|
% |
Expected life (in years) |
|
5 |
|
5 |
|
Stock-based compensation expense for stock options and warrants granted to non-employees is recorded at fair value as determined in accordance with SFAS No. 123, and EITF No. 96-18, Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services. The fair value of the unvested options, warrants, and other equity instruments is periodically remeasured and the related expense is adjusted as necessary.
5. Net Loss Per Share
We calculated net loss per share in accordance with SFAS No. 128, Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per share (EPS) is calculated by dividing the net income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, without consideration for common stock equivalents. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing the net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period and the weighted average number of dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding for the period determined using the treasury-stock method. For purposes of this calculation, common stock subject to repurchase by us, convertible preferred stock, options, and warrants are considered to be common stock equivalents and are only included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share when their effect is dilutive.
Upon the completion of our initial public offering, all of our previously outstanding preferred shares converted into 12.4 million shares of our common stock. As a result of the issuance of these common shares, there is a lack of comparability in both the basic and diluted net loss per share amounts for the periods presented. In order to provide a more relevant measure of our operating results, an unaudited pro forma net loss per share calculation has been included. The shares used to compute unaudited pro forma basic and diluted net loss per share include the assumed conversion of all outstanding shares of preferred stock into shares of common stock using the as-if converted method as of the beginning of each period presented or the date of issuance, if later.
7
Historical and pro forma basic and diluted net loss per share were calculated as follows:
|
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Three months ended March 31, |
|
||||
|
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
|
||
Historical: |
|
|
|
|
|
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Numerator: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net loss |
|
$ |
(981 |
) |
$ |
(266 |
) |
Accretion of deferred issuance costs on preferred stock |
|
|
|
(88 |
) |
||
Net loss applicable to common stockholders basic and diluted |
|
$ |
(981 |
) |
$ |
(354 |
) |
Denominator: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Weighted average common shares outstanding basic and diluted |
|
18,105 |
|
33 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Basic and diluted net loss per common share |
|
$ |
(0.05 |
) |
$ |
(10.88 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Pro forma: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Numerator: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net loss basic and diluted |
|
$ |
(981 |
) |
$ |
(266 |
) |
Denominator: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Weighted average common shares outstanding basic and diluted |
|
18,105 |
|
33 |
|
||
Pro forma adjustments to reflect weighted average effect of assumed conversion of preferred stock |
|
|
|
12,444 |
|
||
Pro forma weighted average common shares outstanding basic and diluted |
|
18,105 |
|
12,477 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Basic and diluted pro forma net loss per common share |
|
$ |
(0.05 |
) |
$ |
(0.02 |
) |
6. Segments
We have determined our reporting segments based on the nature of the products and/or services offered to customers or the nature of their function in the organization. We evaluate performance based on the operating income contributed by each segment. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies.
|
|
Three months ended March 31, |
|
||||
|
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Gross profit by segment: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
DIS |
|
$ |
3,663 |
|
$ |
3,082 |
|
Product |
|
1,494 |
|
1,766 |
|
||
Consolidated gross profit |
|
$ |
5,157 |
|
$ |
4,848 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Income (loss) from operations by segment: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
DIS |
|
$ |
166 |
|
$ |
511 |
|
Product |
|
(1,391 |
) |
(432 |
) |
||
Consolidated income (loss) from operations |
|
$ |
(1,225 |
) |
$ |
79 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Depreciation, amortization and impairment of intangible assets by segment: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
DIS |
|
$ |
609 |
|
$ |
501 |
|
Product |
|
273 |
|
235 |
|
||
Consolidated depreciation and amortization |
|
$ |
882 |
|
$ |
736 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Identifiable assets by segment: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
DIS |
|
$ |
17,900 |
|
$ |
17,330 |
|
Product |
|
66,458 |
|
20,682 |
|
||
Consolidated assets |
|
$ |
84,358 |
|
$ |
38,012 |
|
Foreign sales have not been more than 2% of consolidated revenues for any period presented.
8
7. Commitments and Contingencies
Compliance with Laws and Regulations
We are directly, or indirectly through our clients, subject to extensive regulation by both the federal government and the states and foreign countries in which we conduct business. The healthcare laws applicable to us are complex and are subject to variable interpretations. We have established a compliance program to help ensure that we will remain in compliance with the applicable healthcare laws and have instituted other safeguards intended to help prevent any violations of the laws and to remedy any situations that could give rise to violations.
On November 18, 2004, we received a notice of violation from the Maryland Department of the Environment, or Department, relating to our radioactive materials license. The notice alleges violations related primarily to record-keeping and the failure to follow certain operating protocols. We responded to the notice and then participated in a licensee management enforcement conference conducted by the Department in January 2005. We have instituted corrective actions and made a supplemental submission to the Department in February. If the Department concludes that corrective actions are not adequate, it could take escalated enforcement action, including the imposition of civil penalties of up to $10,000 per violation per day, or the modification, suspension or revocation of our license in Maryland. While we believe we have fully addressed each of the Departments concerns, we cannot assure you that this matter will be resolved in our favor.
Legal Matters
In January 2005, a complaint was served on a DIS customer physician, his medical practice and two DIS technicians, individually and in their capacity as agents of the medical practice. The complaint was filed in the Circuit Court of the Fifth Judicial Circuit, County of Vermilion, Danville, Illinois and alleges negligence claims in connection with the death of a patient purportedly arising from the administration of a stress imaging test. We have tendered the matter to the physician practice for indemnification and defense pursuant to our contract with the practice. While the technicians deny the allegations and we will vigorously defend them in the matter, we cannot assure you that this matter will be resolved in their favor.
In the normal course of business, we have been and will likely continue to be subject to routine litigation incidental to our business, such as claims related to customer disputes, employment practices, product liability, warranty or patent infringement. Responding to litigation, regardless of whether it has merit, can be expensive and disruptive to normal business operations. We dispute the merits of all such current claims and plan to vigorously defend against them. However, as litigation is inherently uncertain, we cannot predict the outcome of such matters. We can provide no assurance that the ultimate outcome, either individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial statements.
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto included in this report on Form 10-Q and the audited financial statements and notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2004 included our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 3, 2005. Operating results are not necessarily indicative of results that may occur in future periods.
This report includes various forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth below under the caption Risk Factors. Forward-looking statements discuss matters that are not historical facts. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, discussions regarding our operating strategy, growth strategy, acquisition strategy, cost savings initiatives, industry, economic conditions, financial condition, liquidity and capital resources and results of operations. In this report, for example, we make forward-looking statements regarding our expectations about the rate of revenue growth in specific business segments and the reasons for that growth and our profitability. Such statements include, but are not limited to, statements preceded by, followed by or that otherwise include the words believes, expects, anticipates, intends, estimates, projects, can, could, may, will, would, or similar expressions. For those statements, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. You should not unduly rely on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which they were made. They give our expectations regarding the future but are not guarantees. We undertake no obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, unless required by law.
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We are a leader in the development, manufacture and distribution of solid-state medical imaging products and services and were the first company to develop and commercialize a solid-state medical gamma camera for the detection of cardiovascular disease and other medical conditions. Our high performance imaging systems are mobile and provide enhanced operability and reliability and improved patient comfort and utilization when compared to traditional vacuum tube cameras. The cameras and accompanying equipment fit easily into floor spaces as small as seven feet by eight feet and facilitate the delivery of nuclear medicine procedures directly in a physicians office, an outpatient hospital setting or within multiple departments of a hospital.
Revenues
Our revenues are generated within two primary operating segments: our DIS business and product sales. DIS collectively refers to our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Digirad Imaging Solutions, Inc. and Digirad Imaging Systems, Inc. Through DIS, we offer FlexImaging, our mobile and comprehensive leasing service for physicians who wish to perform nuclear cardiology and nuclear medicine procedures in their offices, but do not have the patient volume, capital or personnel to justify purchasing an imaging system. DIS leasing services are currently provided in 19 states and the District of Columbia. Physicians enter into annual contracts for imaging services delivered on a per-day basis. Our typical annual lease contracts provide service coverage ranging from once per month to twice per week, adjusted for holidays and vacations. We believe DIS allows us to avoid the often lengthy and sometimes unpredictable sales cycle associated with capital equipment sales in a hospital or physician practice setting. We experience some seasonality in our DIS business as a result of holidays, inclement weather and summer slowdowns, principally relating to vacations. Historically, these variables have had the most effect on our third quarter operating results.
Our product revenue results primarily from selling solid-state gamma cameras, imaging chairs, upgrades and accessories, such as printers, viewing workstations and networking solutions, and from our maintenance contracts. We sell our imaging systems to physician offices, hospitals and imaging centers primarily in the United States, although we have sold a small number of imaging systems internationally. Currently, we purchase some components from sole source providers but are either qualifying or seeking second source providers in an effort to limit our reliance on these suppliers.
Our Market
Our market may be affected by continuing pressures by third party payors to reduce health care expenditures. For example, we are aware of a third party payor in a geographic location currently served by us that guidelines issued in 2004 prohibiting our physician customers from obtaining reimbursement for procedures they perform unless they own or lease our cameras on a full time basis. This payor is also requiring physicians to obtain accreditation or certification by either the Intersocietal Commission for the Accreditation of Nuclear Medicine Laboratories or the American College of Radiology, and to meet certain other privileging standards, in order to obtain reimbursement for nuclear imaging procedures. The adoption of similar restrictions in other jurisdictions or by other payors, including Medicare, could force us to change our business model.
Trends and Drivers
Given our strategy to continue to expand the number of areas in which we offer DIS services and the recurring contractual revenue stream from our existing DIS business, we expect DIS revenue to continue to represent the majority of our consolidated revenues and to generate a majority of our consolidated earnings. We expect the majority of DIS growth in 2005 to come from our standard DIS FlexImaging service. We attribute the overall growth of our business to geographical expansion, increased awareness and acceptance of our services and products, and the shift in the delivery of nuclear cardiology imaging procedures from hospitals to physician offices. We believe that the increase in demand for our services and products is driven by the desire of cardiologists to control their patients diagnosis and treatment and to retain revenue for services that would otherwise be performed by a hospital or imaging center. The mobile feature of our technology also provides us with a significant advantage in the delivery of nuclear cardiology imaging services.
In the first quarter of 2005, we focused on DIS expansion, margin improvement, customer care and clinical leadership in our field, and we will continue to do so during the remainder of the year. Expansion of DIS in the first quarter of 2005, however, was slower than expected, due primarily to less productivity from newly hired sales personnel. Because we did not expand DIS as rapidly as expected, we did not deploy additional cameras into DIS. This factor, together with less robust product sales, reduced our overall manufacturing volumes and product margins. Nonetheless, DIS experienced growth, primarily due to the addition of new physician customers in existing territories and the fact that the number of DIS customers who purchased cameras or failed to renew their DIS contracts for other reasons was below the unusually high level we saw in the third quarter of 2004. We also redeployed several underutilized imaging systems within existing hubs to improve DIS asset utilization rates. Our Cardius-3 triple-head camera, which features high count imaging statistics and higher patient throughput, continues to be well received, and we sold three of these cameras during the first quarter.
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Looking forward, we expect to continue to invest in research and development initiatives to reduce product costs, enhance reliability and improve system sensitivity. Testing of a mobile version of the Cardius-3 is also under way, and we believe that this camera, subject to its successful beta-testing and measured roll-out into DIS in the second half of 2005, may result in improved revenue and higher margins in DIS.
Management Transition
As described in Item 4 of this quarterly report, the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors completed an investigation in April 2005 which resulted in the resignation of our President and Chief Executive Officer and the termination of our Senior Vice President of Operations. We have since hired Gerhard F. Burbach, a member of our Board of Directors since October 2004, as our President and Chief Executive Officer. In addition, we have hired Peter Sullivan, a consultant to us since January 2005, as our Senior Vice President of Operations.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our results from operations, expressed as percentages of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004:
|
|
Three months ended March 31, |
|
||
|
|
2005 |
|
2004 |
|
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
DIS |
|
68.6 |
% |
65.6 |
% |
Product |
|
31.4 |
|
34.4 |
|
Total revenues |
|
100.0 |
|
100.0 |
|
Cost of revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
DIS |
|
48.0 |
|
45.8 |
|
Product |
|
23.0 |
|
22.9 |
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
0.3 |
|
0.7 |
|
Total cost of revenues |
|
71.3 |
|
69.4 |
|
Gross profit |
|
28.7 |
|
30.6 |
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development |
|
5.0 |
|
4.1 |
|
Sales and marketing |
|
11.2 |
|
11.2 |
|
General and administrative |
|
18.5 |
|
13.5 |
|
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets |
|
0.1 |
|
0.1 |
|
Stock-based compensation |
|
0.7 |
|
1.2 |
|
Total operating expenses |
|
35.5 |
|
30.1 |
|
Income (loss) from operations |
|
(6.8 |
) |
0.5 |
|
Other income (expense) |
|
1.3 |
|
(2.1 |
) |
Accretion of deferred issuance costs on preferred stock |
|
|
|
(0.6 |
) |
Net loss applicable to common stockholders |
|
(5.5 |
)% |
(2.2 |
)% |
Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 and 2004
Revenues
Consolidated. Consolidated revenues increased to $18.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $15.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, which represented an increase of $2.1 million, or 13.2%, primarily as a result of increased demand for our DIS imaging services and a $0.1 million increase in revenue from our product segment. We believe that the increase in demand for DIS services was principally a result of increased customer awareness and acceptance as a result of our sales and marketing efforts. DIS and product revenue accounted for 68.6% and 31.4%, respectively, of total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2005, compared to 65.6% and 34.4%, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2004. We expect DIS revenue to continue to represent a larger percentage of our consolidated revenue.
DIS. Our DIS revenue increased to $12.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $10.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, which represented an increase of $1.9 million, or 18.4%. The increase in DIS revenue resulted from an increase in the number of DIS service days to 3,381 for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from 2,734 for the three months ended March 31, 2004, which was primarily attributable to an increase in the number of physicians entering into our DIS services contracts. Our DIS business operated 71 imaging systems as of March 31, 2005 as compared to 59 as of March 31, 2004. We continue to anticipate that our DIS revenue will increase as we expand into new markets and continue to penetrate existing markets. Such growth will fluctuate, however, based on seasonality stemming from physician vacations, holidays and inclement weather. DIS growth also
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depends on the rate at which recently hired DIS sales personnel are able to effectively introduce and sell DIS lease services to physicians in new territories, and the rate at which existing physician customers add lease days to their annual contracts and renew existing contracts.
Product. Our product revenue increased to $5.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $5.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, which represented an increase of $0.1 million, or 3.4%. The increase in product revenues is attributable to an increase in our maintenance contract revenues, which more than offset a decline in the sales of gamma cameras. We sold 19 cameras, not including upgrades, in the first quarter of 2005 compared to 21 cameras without upgrades in the first quarter of 2004. We continue to experience pricing pressures on our dual head gamma cameras and, while we expect this pricing pressure to persist, we anticipate that demand for our Cardius family of products will increase, potentially reducing the effects of these pricing pressures.
Gross Profit
Consolidated. Consolidated gross profit increased to $5.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $4.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, which represents an increase of $0.4 million, or 6.4%. The increase in consolidated gross profit is attributable to the increase in revenues discussed above. Consolidated gross profit as a percentage of revenue decreased to 28.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from 30.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2004, primarily as a result of a decline in our manufacturing volumes attributable to the reduction in the number of cameras sold and the fact that we did not deploy additional cameras into DIS because of slower-than-anticipated expansion into new territories. The sale of a greater number of our dual-headed cameras at lower prices, partially offset by the sale of higher-margin Cardius-3, triple headed cameras, also negatively affected product margins.
DIS. Cost of DIS revenue consists primarily of labor, radiopharmaceuticals, equipment depreciation and other costs associated with the provision of services. Cost of DIS revenue increased to $8.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $7.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, which represents an increase of $1.4 million, or 18.2%, primarily as a result of an increase in DIS lease days. Our clinical and regulatory headcount relating to our DIS business increased to 169 employees at March 31, 2005 from 150 employees at March 31, 2004. DIS gross profit increased to $3.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $3.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, which represents an increase of $0.6 million, or 18.9%, as a result of increased DIS revenues generated in providing our imaging services. DIS gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 29.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to 29.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2004.
Product. Cost of goods sold primarily consists of materials, labor and overhead costs associated with the manufacturing and warranty of our products. Warranty costs are charged to cost of goods sold in the period our cameras are sold and are based on our historical experience with failure rates and repair costs. Cost of goods sold increased to $4.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $3.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, which represents an increase of $0.5 million, or 12.5%. Product gross profit decreased to $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, which represents a decrease of $0.3 million, or 15.4%, primarily as a result of the sale of fewer gamma cameras and a decline in the average sales price of our dual-head cameras due to the pricing pressures noted above. Product gross profit as a percentage of revenue decreased to 26.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from 32.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2004.
Operating Expenses
Research and Development. Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs associated with the design, development, testing, and enhancement of our products. The primary costs are salaries and fringe benefits, consulting fees, facilities and overhead costs and nonrecurring engineering costs. Research and development expenses increased to $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, which represents an increase of $0.3 million, or 40.6%. This increase was primarily attributable to increased employee headcount to develop new products. For the three months ended March 31, 2005, research and development expenses were 5.0% of total revenue, compared to 4.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2004. Our research and development efforts occur principally within our products segment. In the future, we expect to continue to invest between approximately 12% and 15% of our product revenue on research and development as we seek to innovate and continue to improve our existing technology.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries, commissions, bonuses, recruiting costs, travel, marketing and collateral materials and tradeshow costs. Sales and marketing expenses increased to $2.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005, from $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, which represents an increase of $0.2 million, or 13.4%. This increase was primarily attributable to an increase in the number of sales and marketing personnel and expansion of our marketing efforts. For the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, sales and marketing expenses were unchanged at 11.2% of total revenue. We expect to increase our sales and marketing effort, as we expand the locations in which we expect to perform DIS
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services and focus on increasing market awareness of our products and offerings (including the recently released Cardius-3).
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and other related costs for finance and accounting, human resources and other personnel, as well as legal and other professional fees and insurance. General and administrative expenses increased to $3.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, which represents an increase of $1.1 million, or 50.5%. Increases in headcount, recruiting costs, insurance, professional fees and other costs primarily related to operating as a public company all contributed to increased general and administrative expenses. For the three months ended March 31, 2005, general and administrative expenses amounted to 18.5% of total revenue compared to 13.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2004. We are incurring additional general and administrative costs as a result of our initial public offering to meet various public reporting and compliance requirements. In addition, in the normal course of business, we have been and will likely continue to be subject to routine litigation incidental to our business, such as claims related to customer disputes, employment practices, product liability, warranty or patent infringement. As we continue to grow, we anticipate that the volume of these claims is likely to increase. The substantial costs of litigation or an adverse outcome could materially increase our anticipated operating expenses.
Stock-Based Compensation Charges. Deferred compensation for stock options granted to employees has been determined as the difference between the exercise price and the fair value of our common stock on the date of grant. Options or awards issued to non-employees are recorded at their fair value in accordance with SFAS No. 123 and periodically remeasured in accordance with EITF 96-18 and recognized over the respective service or vesting period. These amounts are initially recorded as a component of stockholders equity and are amortized, on an accelerated basis, as a non-cash charge to cost of revenues and operations over the vesting period of the options. In connection with the grant of stock options to employees, we recorded amortization of stock-based compensation of $0.2 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income increased to $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $8,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2004. This increase is primarily due to higher average cash and investment balances as a result of the proceeds from our initial public offering.
Interest expense decreased to $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, which represents a decrease of $0.2 million, or 72.1%. The reduction is a result of the repayment of two credit lines and a reduction of amounts outstanding on capital leases.
Net Loss
Net loss increased to $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 from $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, as a result of the factors described above.
We require capital principally for working capital, debt service and capital expenditures. Working capital is required principally to finance accounts receivable and inventory. Our working capital requirements vary from period to period depending on manufacturing volumes, the timing of deliveries and the payment cycles of our customers. Our capital expenditures consist primarily of DIS cameras and vans, computer hardware and software. We have historically funded our operations principally through private placements of equity securities. In June 2004, we completed our initial public offering and received net proceeds of $58.8 million. As of March 31, 2005, we had cash, cash equivalents and investments totaling $50.6 million. We currently invest our cash reserves in money market funds, high-grade auction rate securities and U.S. government or corporate debt securities. Based upon our current level of expenditures, we believe the proceeds from our initial public offering, together with cash flows from operating activities will be adequate to meet our anticipated cash requirements for working capital, debt service and capital expenditures for the next 12 months.
Net cash used by operations was approximately $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005. The net use of cash during the period was the result of the net loss for the period (net of non-cash expenses such as depreciation and amortization of stock-based compensation) and the increase in working capital requirements. The Company experienced an outflow of working capital associated with increases in the levels of accounts receivable and inventory, which was partially offset by a net increase in current liabilities. The increase in accounts receivable reflects an increase in sales volume in our DIS business and an increase in our days-sales-outstanding. The increase in inventory was a result of our decision to carry more inventories in anticipation of growth and the deployment of fewer cameras into DIS because of slower-than-anticipated expansion into new territories during the first quarter of 2005. The increase in current liabilities is primarily associated with the accrual of costs associated with increased operational volumes. The increase in deferred revenue is primarily associated with the expansion of our maintenance contract business.
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Net cash used by investing activities amounted to approximately $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005, and reflects $1.5 million of capital expenditures, primarily associated with our DIS operations, offset by $1.4 million of net maturities of our securities available-for-sale.
Net cash used by financing activities amounted to approximately $ 2.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005, and primarily reflects the repayment of capital lease obligations.
Critical Accounting Policies
The Securities and Exchange Commission defines critical accounting policies as those that are, in managements opinion, very important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and require our managements most difficult, subjective or complex judgments. In preparing our financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, we must often make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and related disclosures at the date of the financial statements and during the reporting period. Some of those judgments can be subjective and complex. Consequently, actual results could differ from our estimates. The accounting policies that are most subject to important estimates or assumptions include those described below.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 when all of the following four criteria are met:
1. A contract or sales arrangement exists;
2. Products have been shipped and title has transferred or services have been rendered;
3. The price of the products or services is fixed or determinable; and
4. Collectibility is reasonably assured.
Our DIS revenue is recorded once the services and disposables are provided and consumed, which is normally on the day of the service. For our product revenue, these criteria are usually met upon delivery. Reductions to our DIS revenue are recorded to provide for payment adjustments and credit memos. In addition, we establish reserves against our DIS revenue to allow for uncollectible items relating to patient co-payments and contractual allowances and other adjustments, based on historical collection experience. Reductions to product revenue are recorded to provide for payment adjustments and credit memos and historically have not been significant.
Reserves for Doubtful Accounts, Billing Adjustments and Contractual Allowances
Historically, the need to estimate reserves for accounts receivable has been primarily limited to our DIS business. We provide reserves for billing adjustments, contractual allowances and doubtful accounts. DIS billing adjustments are adjustments for billing errors that are normally recorded within the first 90 days subsequent to the performance of service, with the majority occurring within the first 30 days. Reserves are provided as a percentage of DIS revenue based on historical experience rate. We primarily bill the physicians under contract directly, and in a minority of cases, we are reimbursed under government programs, Medicare or by private insurance companies for services we delivered through August 2004. We use a combination of factors in evaluating the collectibility of accounts receivable. Each account is reviewed on at least a quarterly basis and a percentage varying from zero to 100% for each account is established. We do not establish reserves for accounts with a history of payment without disputes. We generally reserve between 20% and 50% of the outstanding balance for accounts that are more than 180 days late and under dispute. We reserve 100% of the outstanding balance for accounts that we believe constitute a high risk of default based on factors such as level of dispute, payment history and our knowledge of a customers inability to meet its obligations. We also consider bad debt write-off history. Our estimates of collectibility could be reduced by material amounts by changed circumstances, such as a higher number of defaults or material adverse changes in a payors ability to meet its obligations.
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Long-Lived Assets
We state property and equipment and purchased contracts at cost. We capitalize betterments, which extend the useful life of the equipment. We calculate depreciation on property and equipment and purchased contracts on the straight-line method over the estimated useful life (three to seven years for property and equipment and five years for purchased contracts) of the assets. We follow Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 144, Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, which requires impairment losses to be recorded on long-lived assets used in operations when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the assets carrying amount. If such assets are considered to be impaired, we measure the impairment be recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the estimated fair value of the assets. Assets are examined for impairment annually or more frequently if events occur that may indicate potential asset impairment.
Inventory
We state inventories at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or market (net realizable value). Costs include material, labor and manufacturing overhead costs. Inventory expected to be converted into equipment to be used as imaging cameras in DIS is classified as property and equipment. We review our inventory monthly for excess or obsolete inventory levels. Except where firm orders are on-hand, we consider inventory quantities of sale products in excess of the last 12 months demand as excess and reserve for them at levels between 50% and 100% of cost, depending on our knowledge and forecast for the product. We establish obsolescence reserves from 0% for active, high-demand products, to 100% for obsolete products. We review the reserve periodically and, if necessary, make adjustments. We rely on historical information to support our reserve and utilize managements business judgment. Once the inventory is written down, we do not adjust the reserve balance until the inventory is sold.
Warranty
We provide a warranty on certain of our products and accrue the estimated cost at the time revenue is recorded. Historically, the warranty periods have ranged from up to 24 months. Since July 2002, the majority of the warranty periods have been 12 months before customer-sponsored maintenance begins. Warranty reserves are established based on historical experience with failure rates and repair costs and the number of cameras covered by warranty. We review warranty reserves monthly and, if necessary, make adjustments.
Corporate Information
As of March 31, 2005, we hold trademark registrations in the United States for the following marks: 2020tc Imager®, CardiusSST®, Digirad®, Digirad Logo®, Digirad Imaging Solutions®, FlexImaging® and SPECTour®. We have trademark applications pending in the United States for the following marks: Cardius, DigiServTM, DigiTechTM, SolidiumTM, SeeQuantaTM, AcqSmartTM, and SPECTpak PlusTM. We have obtained and sought trademark protection for some of these listed marks in the European Community and Japan.
Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all other information included in this quarterly report and in our other public filings, before making any investment decision regarding our stock. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations and future prospects would likely be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the market price of our stock could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
We sell our imaging systems and provide our services in a highly competitive industry, and we often compete against large, well-established competitors that have significantly greater financial resources than we have.
The medical device industry, including the market for imaging systems and services, is highly competitive, subject to rapid change and significantly affected by new product introductions and market activities of other industry participants. Our primary competitors with respect to imaging systems include several large medical device manufacturers, including Philips Medical Systems, General Electric Healthcare, Siemens Medical Systems and Toshiba Medical Systems. All of these competitors offer a full line of imaging cameras for each diagnostic imaging technology, including x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, computerized tomography, ultrasound and nuclear medicine. The existing imaging systems sold by our competitors have been in use for a longer time than our products and are more widely recognized and used by physicians and hospitals for nuclear imaging. Many of our competitors and potential competitors enjoy significant competitive advantages over us, including:
significantly greater name recognition and financial, technical, service and marketing resources;
established relationships with healthcare professionals, customers and third-party payors;
15
established distribution networks;
additional lines of products and the ability to offer rebates or bundle products to offer discounts or incentives; and
greater resources for product development, sales and marketing.
The competitive nature of the nuclear imaging industry has had an impact on the price of our gamma cameras. While we anticipate demand for our gamma cameras to continue to increase, we believe these pricing pressures, including on our dual-headed cameras, will continue to impact our gamma camera product revenue and gross profit.
We are aware of certain major medical device companies that are attempting to develop solid-state cameras and we believe these efforts will continue. In addition, we are aware of a privately-held company, Gamma Medica, which is currently marketing a solid-state gamma camera for breast imaging. We do not believe that this camera can be used in a cardiac application. However, we cannot assure you that Gamma Medica will not attempt to modify its existing camera for use in the cardiac segment in the future, or develop another gamma camera for cardiac applications. Because of the size of the potential market, we anticipate that companies will dedicate significant resources to developing competing products and services. Current or future competitors may develop technologies and products, including hybrid technologies, that demonstrate better image quality, ease of use or mobility than our imaging systems. For example, there are hybrid modalities commercially available that combine the technologies of positron emission tomography, or PET, with computed tomography, or CT, as well as others that combine single photon emission computed tomography, or SPECT, with CT technology. Our ability to compete successfully will depend on our ability to develop proprietary products that reach the market in a timely manner, receive adequate reimbursement and are less expensive than alternatives available for the same purpose. If we are unable to compete effectively against our existing and future competitors, our sales will decline and our business will be harmed.
In providing comprehensive mobile nuclear imaging solutions, we generally compete against small businesses employing traditional vacuum tube cameras that must be transported in large vehicles and cannot be moved in and out of physician offices. We are also adversely affected by a small but growing number of physicians or companies who use Digirad cameras in relatively small mobile imaging businesses which have the advantage of a lower cost structure.
Changes in domestic and international legislation, regulation, or coverage and reimbursement policies of third-party payors may adversely impact our ability to market and sell our products and services.
Physicians and hospitals purchasing and using our products rely on adequate third-party payor coverage and reimbursement to maintain their operations. Changes in domestic and international legislation, regulation or coverage and reimbursement policies of third-party payors may adversely affect the demand for our existing and future products and services and may limit our ability to market and sell our products and services on a profitable basis. For example, on December 8, 2003, President Bush signed into law the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003, or the Medicare Modernization Act, which contains a wide variety of changes that impact Medicare reimbursement to physicians and hospitals. We cannot predict what additional changes will be made to such legislation, regulation, or coverage and reimbursement policies, but we believe that future coverage and reimbursement may be subject to increased restrictions both in the United States and in international markets. Additionally, we cannot be certain that under prospective payment systems, or established fee schedule payment formulas, under which healthcare providers may be reimbursed a fixed amount based on the patients condition or the type of procedure performed, the costs of our products and services will be justified and incorporated into the overall payment for the procedure. However, on March 1, 2005, the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (MedPac) issued its semi-annual report to Congress, setting out, among other things, certain recommendations relative to diagnostic imaging. It is impossible to predict whether the recommendations will be enacted; however, such recommendations if enacted could have an adverse effect on utilization of our services and products. Third-party payors continue to act to contain or reduce healthcare costs through various means, including the movement to managed care systems where healthcare providers contract to provide comprehensive healthcare for a fixed fee per patient. We are aware of a third party payor in a geographic location currently served by us that issued guidelines that prohibit our physician customers from obtaining reimbursement for procedures they perform unless they own or lease our cameras on a full time basis. This payor is also requiring physicians to be accredited by either the Intersocietal Commission for the Accreditation of Nuclear Medicine Laboratories or by the American College of Radiology, and to meet certain other privileging standards, in order to obtain reimbursement for nuclear imaging procedures. We cannot assure you that these guidelines will be changed, or that they will not be adopted or by other third party payors, including Medicaid and private insurers. These continued efforts may result in third-party payors refusing to reimburse patients or healthcare providers for our imaging services or allowing only specific providers to provide imaging services. As a result, sales of our gamma cameras would suffer and we may receive pressure from our customers to terminate or otherwise modify the lease arrangements for our DIS services. Under such circumstances, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
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Our imaging systems and DIS services may become obsolete, and we may not be able to timely develop new products, product enhancements or services that will be accepted by the market.
Our nuclear imaging system and DIS services may become obsolete or unmarketable if other products or services utilizing new technologies or the development of hybrid imaging modalities, such as those combining PET and CT or SPECT and CT, or any other imaging modality, are introduced by our competitors or new industry standards emerge. Furthermore, although our nuclear imaging systems and DIS services are principally targeted towards the cardiology market, internal medicine practices have become an increasingly significant portion of the nuclear imaging market. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully develop or market new products and services, or enhancements to our existing products, or that our future products and enhancements will be accepted by our current or potential customers or the third-party payors who financially support many of the procedures performed with our products. Any of these circumstances may cause us to lose customers, disrupt our business operations and harm our product sales and services. To be successful, we will need to enhance our products or services and to design, develop and market new products that successfully respond to competitive developments, all of which efforts may be expensive and time consuming.
The success of any new product offering or enhancement to an existing product will depend on several factors, including our ability to:
properly identify and anticipate physician and patient needs;
develop new products or enhancements in a timely manner;
obtain the necessary regulatory approvals or clearances for new products or product enhancements in a timely manner;
provide adequate training to users of our products;
price our products competitively;
obtain appropriate coverage and receive adequate reimbursement notifications and respond to them in a commercially viable way;
comply with changing or new regulatory requirements; and
develop an effective marketing, sales and distribution network.
If we do not develop and obtain regulatory approvals or clearances for new products, services or product enhancements in time to meet market demand, or if there is insufficient demand for these products, services or enhancements, our business, financial condition and results of operations will likely suffer. In addition, even if our customers acquire new products, services or product enhancements we may offer, the revenues from any such products, services or enhancements may not be sufficient to offset the significant costs associated with offering such products, services or enhancements to customers. In addition, any announcements of new products, services or enhancements may cause customers to decline or cancel their purchasing decisions in anticipation of such products, services or enhancements.
If our imaging systems and DIS services are not accepted by physicians or hospitals, we may be unable to develop a sustainable, profitable business.
We expect that substantially all of our revenue in the foreseeable future will be derived from sales of our products in the nuclear imaging market and our leasing services offered through DIS. Our solid-state gamma cameras and DIS services represent a new approach in the nuclear imaging market. We began full commercial release of our imaging systems in March 2000 and established DIS in September 2000. Because of the recent commercial introduction of our nuclear imaging systems, we have limited product and brand recognition and our imaging systems have been used by a limited number of physicians and hospitals. Physicians and hospitals may generally be slow to adopt our products and leasing services for a number of reasons, including:
perceived liability risks generally associated with the use of new technologies for nuclear imaging;
availability of reimbursement from health care payors for procedures using our system;
lack of experience with our products and services;
costs associated with the purchase or lease of our products and services;
the presence of competing products sold by companies with longer operating histories, more recognizable names and more established distribution networks;
the introduction or existence of competing products and services or technologies that may be more effective, easier to use or that produce better images;
our ability to retain our current customers;
the creation of competing mobile imaging businesses by physicians and others who may purchase mobile cameras that are part of our existing installed base of over 400 cameras; and
physician and hospital perceptions of our imaging systems as compared to those of competitors.
Our success in the nuclear imaging market depends on whether physicians and hospitals view our imaging systems and DIS services as effective and economically beneficial and as attractive alternatives to vacuum tube imaging systems. We also believe that
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recommendations and support of our products and services by influential physicians and other health care providers are essential for market acceptance and adoption. We cannot assure you that physicians or hospitals will adopt or accept our imaging systems or DIS services. If physicians and hospitals do not adopt our imaging systems or DIS services, our operating results and business will be harmed.
If we are unable to expand our DIS business, our business could be materially harmed.
We plan to grow our DIS business by expanding into several new states, adding new hub locations in states in which we currently operate and increasing hub utilization by adding physician customers and routes. As we undertake this expansion, we have hired and will need to continue to hire, train and retain qualified personnel. We cannot assure you that the new sales personnel we hire will be able to sell our leasing services at the rates we anticipate, or that physicians or hospitals in these new markets will accept our imaging products or services. Our expansion into additional domestic markets is subject to inherent risk, including the burden of complying with applicable state regulations, including but not limited to regulations concerning the use, storage, handling and disposal of radioactive materials, the difficulties in obtaining the necessary radioactive licensures and difficulties in staffing and managing operations. We may find the laws of states in which we do not currently operate require us to change the structure of our DIS business to operate in such states.
Because our imaging systems and DIS services are not widely diversified, a decrease in sales of our products and leasing services could seriously harm our business.
Our current product and leasing service offerings consist primarily of our line of gamma cameras, including our Cardius-1, Cardius-2, Cardius-3, 2020tc Imager and SPECTpak PLUS camera systems, each of which is designed for use in the nuclear imaging market segment and all of which utilize the same solid-state technology. In addition, we offer a mobile imaging leasing service through DIS, which includes an imaging system, certified personnel, required licensure and other support for nuclear imaging procedures. As such, our line of products and services is not as diversified as those of some of our competitors. Consequently, if sales of our products or leasing services decline precipitously, our business would be seriously harmed, and it would likely be difficult for us to recover because we do not have the breadth of products or services that would enable us to sustain our business while seeking to develop new types of products or services or other markets for our existing products and services. In addition, because our technical know-how and intellectual property have limited applications, we may be unable to leverage our technical know-how and intellectual property to diversify our products and services or to develop other products or sources of revenue outside of the nuclear imaging market.
If we experience problems with the technologies used in our imaging systems or if delivery of our DIS services are delayed, public perception of us could be harmed and cause us to lose customers and revenue.
Our gamma cameras have only recently been introduced into the marketplace. Most of our cameras currently in use are less than four years old. We have experienced some reliability issues with a prior version of our detector heads. In July 2003, we began selling most of our gamma cameras with a new version of our detector heads which has shown increased reliability, although other reliability issues remain. In addition, as the period of use of our cameras increases, other significant defects may occur. If significant defects do arise with our gamma cameras, our reputation among physicians and hospitals could be damaged.
Additionally, physicians rely on our DIS services to provide nuclear imaging procedures to their patients on the dates and at the times they have leased. Many factors could prevent us from delivering our DIS services on a timely basis, including equipment failures, weather and the availability of staffing, transportation and necessary supplies. If we are unable to provide physicians or hospitals our DIS services in a timely and effective manner, our reputation among physicians and hospitals could be damaged.
The performance and reliability of our products and services are critical to our reputation and to our ability to achieve market acceptance of those products and services. Widespread or other failures of our cameras and other products to consistently meet the expectations of purchasers or customers that use our DIS services could adversely affect our reputation, our ability to provide our DIS services, our relations with current customers and our business operations. Such failures could also reduce the attractiveness of our products and services to potential customers. Equipment failures could result from any number of causes, including equipment aging, ordinary wear and tear due to regular transportation and relocation, failure to perform routine maintenance and latent hardware or software defects of which we are unaware. Such failures, whether actual or perceived, could adversely affect our business even if we correct the underlying problems.
We are subject to the financial risks associated with providing services through our DIS business.
There are numerous risks associated with any leasing arrangement, including the possibility that physicians may fail to make the required payments under the terms and provisions of their lease commitments. Our DIS business is also affected by the ability of physicians to pay us, which in turn may be affected by general economic and business conditions and the availability of reimbursement for the physicians. In addition, some DIS customers may decide to purchase their own cameras, made by us or by our competitors, rather than to continue to use the DIS leasing service which would cause us to lose business. Such circumstances could adversely affect our business and financial condition.
A loss of key executives or failure to attract qualified managers, engineers and imaging technologists could limit our growth and adversely affect our business.
Our success is dependent on the efforts of our key executives and technical, sales and managerial personnel and our ability to
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retain them. The loss of any one or more of these individuals could place a significant strain on our remaining management team and we may have difficulty replacing any of these individuals. We do not have any employment agreements with, or key person insurance on, any of our employees.
As described in Item 4 of this quarterly report, the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors recently completed an investigation in April 2005 which resulted in the resignation of our President and Chief Executive Officer and the termination of our Senior Vice President of Operations. We have since hired Gerhard F. Burbach as our President and Chief Executive Officer and Peter Sullivan as our Senior Vice President of Operations. Because of these changes, our senior management team has not worked together as a group for a significant length of time. If our new management team is unable to work together effectively to implement our strategies, manage our operations and accomplish our objectives, our business, operations and financial results could be severely impaired.
Furthermore, our future growth will depend in part upon our ability to identify, hire and retain additional key personnel, including nuclear imaging technologists, certified cardiographic technicians, nurses, radiation safety officers, engineers, management, sales personnel and other highly skilled personnel. Hiring qualified management and technical personnel will be difficult due to the limited number of qualified candidates. Competition for these types of employees, particularly nuclear imaging technologists and engineers, is intense in the medical imaging field and we have recently experienced an increased amount of turnover in our personnel. Given the competition for such qualified personnel, we cannot assure you that we will be able to continue to attract, hire and retain the personnel necessary to maintain and develop our business. Failure to attract, hire and retain key personnel could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our manufacturing operations are highly dependent upon third-party suppliers, making us vulnerable to supply problems and price fluctuations, which could harm our business.
We rely on a limited number of third parties to manufacture and supply certain of the key components of our products. While many of the components used in our products are available from multiple sources, we obtain some components from single sources. For example, key components of the detector heads and the acquisition and control software utilized in our gamma cameras are manufactured or supplied by a single source. To be successful, our contract manufacturers and suppliers must provide us with the components of our systems in requisite quantities, in compliance with regulatory requirements, in accordance with agreed-upon specifications, at acceptable cost and on a timely basis. Segami Corporation, or Segami, has developed image processing software for our camera under a non-exclusive license agreement. In the event that Segami attempts to terminate the license agreement, refuses to extend the term of the license or seeks to impose unreasonable pricing or terms, we would have to find an alternative software system to use in our gamma camera. Our reliance on these outside suppliers subjects us to a number of risks that could harm our business, including:
suppliers may make errors in manufacturing components that could adversely affect the efficacy or safety of our products or cause delays in shipment of our products;
we may not be able to obtain adequate supply in a timely manner or on commercially reasonable terms;
we may have difficulty locating and qualifying alternative suppliers for our components;
once we identify alternative suppliers, we could experience significant delays in production due to the need to evaluate and test the products delivered by alternative suppliers and to obtain regulatory qualification for them;
we are not a major customer of many of our suppliers, and these suppliers may therefore give other customers needs higher priority than ours;
we use some suppliers that are small, privately-held companies, and these suppliers could encounter financial or other difficulties that could cause them to modify or discontinue their operations at any time;
our suppliers manufacture products for a range of customers, and fluctuations in demand for the products those suppliers manufacture for others may affect their ability to deliver components to us in a timely manner; and
our suppliers may encounter financial hardships unrelated to our demand for components, which could inhibit their ability to fulfill our orders and meet our requirements.
Any interruption or delay in the supply of components or materials, or our inability to obtain components or materials from alternate sources at acceptable prices in a timely manner, could impair our ability to meet the demand of our customers and cause them to cancel orders or switch to competitive procedures. These events could harm our business and operating results.
We have limited marketing, sales and distribution capabilities, and our efforts in those areas are dependent in part on third parties.
We began commercial production and shipped our first imaging products in 2000, and therefore have limited experience in marketing, selling and distributing our products and services. Additionally, while we have a direct sales team focused on domestic marketing, sales and distribution, we also use four independent distributors in the United States and two independent, international sales distributors to market, sell and distribute our products and services. As a result, we are dependent in part upon the marketing,
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sales and distribution efforts of our third-party distributors. To date, one of our domestic third-party distributors is permitted to market, sell and distribute competing imaging services and products. Additionally, one of our domestic third-party distributors is generally permitted to market, sell and distribute competing imaging products that are used or refurbished and meet specified age requirements. Our international distributor is prohibited from promoting or distributing any other gamma camera product, but is not prohibited from offering competing services.
Our future revenue growth will depend in large part on our success in maintaining and expanding our marketing, sales and distribution channels, which will likely be an expensive and time-consuming process. We are highly dependent upon the efforts of our sales force and third-party distributors to increase our revenue. We face intense competition for qualified sales employees and may be unable to hire, train, manage and retain such personnel, which could adversely affect our ability to maintain and expand our marketing, sales and distribution network, which would negatively affect our ability to compete effectively as a distributor of nuclear imaging devices. Additionally, even if we are able to expand our sales force and enter into agreements with additional third-party distributors on commercially reasonable terms, they may not commit the necessary resources to effectively market, sell and distribute our products and services domestically and internationally. If we are unable to maintain and expand our direct and third-party marketing, sales and distribution networks, we may be unable to sell enough of our products and imaging services for our business to be profitable and our financial condition and results of operations will likely suffer accordingly.
If we choose to acquire new or complementary businesses, products or technologies instead of developing them ourselves, we may be unable to complete those acquisitions or to successfully integrate them in a cost-effective and non-disruptive manner.
Our success depends on our ability to continually enhance and broaden our product and service offerings in response to changing customer demands, competitive pressures and technologies. While we have no current plans or commitments regarding any acquisitions of new or complementary businesses, products or technologies, we may in the future choose to pursue such acquisitions instead of developing those businesses, products or technologies ourselves. We cannot assure you, however, that we would be able to successfully complete any acquisition we choose to pursue, or that we would be able to successfully integrate any acquired business, product or technology into our company in a cost-effective and non-disruptive manner. Furthermore, there is no certainty that we would be able to attract, hire or retain key employees associated with any acquired businesses, products or technologies.
Integrating any acquired businesses, products or technologies could be expensive and time consuming, disrupt our ongoing business and divert the attention and resources of our management. If we are unable to integrate any acquired businesses, products or technologies effectively, our business will likely suffer. Additionally, any amortization of assets or charges resulting from the costs of acquisitions could harm our business and operating results.
We will face additional risks if we expand further in international markets.
We have sales distributors for our imaging systems in Russia and Puerto Rico and may expand our international distribution relationships. If we expand internationally, we will need to hire, train and retain qualified personnel in countries where language, cultural or regulatory impediments may exist. We cannot assure you that distributors, physicians or other involved parties in foreign markets will accept our nuclear imaging products, services and business practices. Any of international operations will be subject to inherent risks, including:
costs of localizing product and service offerings for foreign markets;
difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations;
reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries;
difficulties and delays in enforcing agreements and in collecting receivables through the legal systems of foreign countries;
fluctuating currency exchange rates;
the possibility that foreign countries may impose additional withholding taxes or otherwise tax our foreign income, impose tariffs or adopt other restrictions on foreign trade;
changes in political, regulatory, or economic conditions in a country or region;
our ability to obtain U.S. export licenses and other required export or import licenses or approvals;
burdens of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws, regulations specific to the delivery of and payment for healthcare services, regulations and licensing requirements relating to the use, storage, handling and disposal of radioactive materials, labor practices; and
conforming our business model to operate under government-run healthcare systems.
We are exposed to risks relating to product liability, product recalls, property damage and personal injury and death for which insurance coverage is expensive, limited and potentially inadequate, and our business may be negatively affected by increased
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insurance costs.
Our operations entail risks relating to product liability claims, product recalls, property damage and personal injury and death. We currently maintain insurance that we believe is adequate with respect to the nature of the risks insured against, including product liability insurance, professional liability insurance, automobile insurance, property insurance, workers compensation insurance and general liability insurance. In many cases such insurance is expensive and difficult to obtain, and no assurance can be given that we will be able to maintain our current insurance or that we will be able to obtain or maintain comparable or additional insurance in the future on reasonable terms, if at all. Additionally, we may be negatively affected by increased costs of insurance, including workers compensation insurance.
Our manufacturing operations and executive offices are located at a single facility that may be at risk from fire, earthquakes or other natural or man-made disasters or crises.
Our manufacturing operations and executive offices are located at a single facility in Poway, California, near known fire areas and earthquake fault zones. This facility is located a short distance from the wildfires that destroyed many homes and businesses in San Diego County, California in 2003. We have taken precautions to safeguard our facilities, including insurance and health and safety protocols. However, any future natural disaster, such as a fire or an earthquake, could cause substantial delays in our operations, damage to or destroy our manufacturing equipment or inventory, and cause us to incur additional expenses. A disaster could significantly harm our business and results of operations. The insurance we maintain against fires and other natural disasters may not be adequate to cover our losses in any particular case.
Additionally, electrical power is vital to our operations and we rely on a continuous power supply to conduct our business. California has experienced significant electrical power shortages and price volatility in recent years, and such shortages and price volatility may occur in the future. In the event of an acute power shortage, the California system operator has on some occasions implemented, and may in the future implement, rolling blackouts throughout California. If our energy costs substantially increase or blackouts interrupt our power supply frequently or for more than a few days, we may have to reduce or temporarily discontinue our normal operations. In addition, the cost of our research and development efforts may increase because of the disruption to our operations. Any such reduction or disruption of our operations at our facilities could harm our business.
Risks Related to Government Regulation
We must be licensed to handle and use hazardous materials and may be liable for contamination or other harm caused by hazardous materials that we use.
We use hazardous and radioactive materials in our research and development and manufacturing processes, as well as in the provision of our imaging services. We are subject to federal, state and local regulations governing use, storage, handling and disposal of these materials and waste products. We are currently licensed to handle such materials in all states in which we operate, but there can be no assurances that we will be able to retain those licenses in the future. In addition, we must become licensed in all states in which we plan to expand. Obtaining those additional licenses is an expensive and time consuming process, and in some cases we may not be able to obtain those licenses at all.
Although we believe that our procedures for use, handling, storing and disposing of these materials comply with legally prescribed standards, we cannot completely eliminate the risk of contamination or injury resulting from hazardous materials and we may incur liability as a result of any such contamination or injury. In the event of an accident, we could be held liable for damages or penalized with fines, and the liability could exceed our resources.
We have also incurred and may continue to incur expenses related to compliance with environmental laws. Such future expenses or liability could have a significant negative impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, we cannot assure you that the cost of complying with these laws and regulations will not materially increase in the future.
We will spend considerable time and money complying with federal, state and foreign laws, regulations, and other rules, and, if we are unable to fully comply with such laws, regulations and other rules, we could face substantial penalties.
We are directly, or indirectly through our clients, subject to extensive regulation by both the federal government and the states and foreign countries in which we conduct our business. The laws that directly or indirectly affect our ability to operate our business include, but are not limited to, the following:
the federal Medicare and Medicaid Anti-Kickback Law, which prohibits persons from knowingly and willfully soliciting, offering, receiving or providing remuneration, directly or indirectly, in cash or in kind, to induce either the referral of an individual, or furnishing or arranging for a good or service, for which payment may be made under federal healthcare programs such as the Medicare and Medicaid Programs;
other Medicare laws, regulations, rules, manual provisions, and policies that prescribe the requirements for coverage and payment for services performed by us and our DIS customers, including the amount of such payment;
the federal false claims statutes, which impose civil and criminal liability on individuals and entities who submit, or cause to be submitted, false or fraudulent claims for payment to the government;
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the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, or HIPAA, which, among other things, prohibits executing a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program, including private payors and, further, requires us to comply with standards regarding the privacy and security of individually identifiable health information and conduct certain electronic transactions using standardized code sets. In addition, regulations have been issued under HIPAA that require us to comply with additional security regulations and that will require us to adopt unique health identifiers for use in filing and processing healthcare claims and other transactions by May 2007;
the federal False Statements Statute, which prohibits knowingly and willfully falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact or making any materially false statement in connection with the delivery of or payment for healthcare benefits, items or services;
the federal physician self-referral prohibition, commonly known as the Stark Law, which, in the absence of a statutory or regulatory exception, prohibits the referral of Medicare or Medicaid patients by a physician to an entity for the provision of certain designated healthcare services, if the physician or a member of the physicians immediate family has a direct or indirect financial relationship, including an ownership interest in, or a compensation arrangement with, the entity and also prohibits that entity from submitting a bill to a federal payor for services rendered pursuant to a prohibited referral;
the federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, which regulates the manufacture, labeling, marketing, distribution and sale of prescription drugs and medical devices;
state and foreign law equivalents of the foregoing;
federal and state radioactive materials laws, which govern the procurement, use, transfer and storage of radioactive materials;
state food and drug laws, pharmacy acts, state pharmacy board regulations, and other state health care laws and regulations which govern the sale, distribution, use, administration, storage, handling, documentation and prescribing of prescription drugs;
state laws that prohibit the practice of medicine by non-physicians and fee-splitting arrangements between physicians and non-physicians, as well as state law equivalents to the federal Medicare and Medicaid Anti-Kickback Law and the Stark Law, which may not be limited to government reimbursed items or services; and
federal laws, regulations, rules and policies that permit physicians to bill and receive payment for certain diagnostic tests under the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule only if certain conditions are satisfied, including the requirement that the physician personally perform, or adequately supervise the performance of, the test using equipment they own or lease, and that prohibit physicians from marking up the cost of tests they purchase, rather than perform or supervise, for Medicare patients.
We implemented a compliance program in 2002 to help assure that we remain in compliance with the above and other applicable laws. Like most companies with active and effective compliance programs, we occasionally discover compliance concerns. For example, in 2004 we discovered certain isolated arrangements that we entered into in good faith but that, upon review by our compliance personnel, raised some compliance concerns under these laws. In accordance with our compliance program, we took immediate remedial steps. We cannot assure you that these remedial steps will insulate us from liability associated with these isolated arrangements.
If our past or present operations are found to be in violation of any of the laws, regulations, rules or policies described above or the other governmental regulations to which we or our customers are subject, or if the interpretation of the foregoing changes, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties, damages, fines, exclusion from the Medicare and Medicaid programs and the curtailment or restructuring of our operations. Similarly, if our customers are found non-compliant with applicable laws, they may be subject to sanctions, which could also have a negative impact on us. In addition, if we are required to obtain permits or licensure under these laws that we do not already possess, we may become subject to substantial additional regulation or incur significant expense. Any penalties, damages, fines, curtailment or restructuring of our operations would adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results. The risk of our being found in violation of these laws is increased by the fact that many of them have not been fully interpreted by the regulatory authorities or the courts, and their provisions are open to a variety of interpretations, and additional legal or regulatory change. Any action against us for violation of these laws, even if we successfully defend against it, could cause us to incur significant legal expenses, divert our managements attention from the operation of our business and damage our reputation.
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Legislative or regulatory reform of the healthcare system may affect our ability to sell our products.
In both the United States and certain other foreign jurisdictions, there have been a number of legislative and regulatory proposals to change the healthcare system in ways that could impact our ability to sell our products and services profitably. In the United States, federal and state lawmakers regularly propose and, at times, enact new legislation establishing significant changes in the healthcare system. Recently, President Bush signed into law the Medicare Modernization Act, which contains a wide variety of reforms that impact Medicare reimbursements to hospitals and physicians including changes to Medicare payment methodologies for radiopharmaceuticals and other drugs dispensed by hospital outpatient departments and for drugs dispensed by physician offices. These changes reduced payment amounts for some of the drugs used in conjunction with our imaging procedures, although the physician fee schedule payment rates applicable to nuclear cardiology increased slightly in 2003 and 2004. Downward changes to Medicare reimbursement rates may adversely impact reimbursement to customers or potential customers that use or could use our cameras and services. We cannot predict the full impact that this new legislation will have nor whether new federal legislation will be enacted in the future. The potential for adoption of healthcare reform proposals on a state-by-state basis could require us to develop state-specific marketing and sales approaches. In addition, we may experience pricing pressures in connection with the sale of our products and services due to additional legislative proposals or healthcare reform initiatives. Our results of operations and our business could therefore be adversely affected by future healthcare reforms.
The impact of regulatory changes could have a negative impact on camera sales to and leases with hospitals desiring to use our cameras and services in their outpatient facilities.
In order for hospitals to receive certain payments for their outpatient facilities as hospital outpatient services, including services that utilize our products, these services must be furnished in a provider-based organization or facility or be covered services furnished under arrangement with the hospital. Failure to meet these requirements may result in reduced payments to the hospitals for their services. The Medicare program has published and revised rules establishing criteria for classifying a facility as provider-based or a service as furnished under arrangement. These rules require an analysis of the facts and circumstances surrounding the delivery by a hospital of a particular service, and hospitals that use our products or DIS services in their outpatient facilities will need to determine if they meet the applicable provider-based or under arrangement requirements. Hospitals that cannot obtain sufficient payments for these services may not purchase a camera from us or enter into arrangements with us for provision of services.
If we fail to comply with various licensure or certification standards, we may be subject to loss of licensure or certification, which would adversely affect our operations.
All of the states in which we operate require that the imaging technicians that operate our cameras be licensed or certified and such licensing and certification requirements are subject to change. Obtaining such licenses may take significant time as we expand into additional states or if the applicable requirements change. Any lapse in the licensure or certification of our technicians could increase our costs and adversely affect our operations and financial results. Further, we are currently enrolled by Medicare contractors, or carriers, as an independent diagnostic testing facility in nine states where we were operating under our mixed bill model. We discontinued this model in August 2004; however, continued enrollment is essential for us to collect remaining amounts we billed directly to Medicare for the healthcare services that we provided under the mixed bill model. In addition, our lease services business involves administering and furnishing radiopharmaceuticals and pharmacological stress agents, which are regulated as drugs by state and federal agencies, including the FDA and state pharmacy boards. Some of our activities may be deemed by relevant agencies to require permits or licensure that we currently do not possess. If any of these agencies deemed our activities to require such permits or licensure, we would be required to either obtain such permits or licensure, or modify the types of business models we can utilize in the affected jurisdiction(s), and could be subject to civil, criminal and/or administrative penalties. In either case, we would incur substantial expense and could encounter substantial operational burdens.
In the healthcare industry, various types of organizations are accredited to facilitate meeting certain Medicare certification requirements, expedite third-party payment and fulfill state licensure requirements. Some managed care providers prefer to contract with accredited organizations. We are aware of a third party payor in a geography in which we do business that is requiring physicians to obtain certain accreditations in order to obtain reimbursement for imaging procedures, and to meet specified privileging standards. We have obtained certification from the Intersocietal Commission for the Accreditation of Nuclear Medicine Laboratories for one of our hub locations, and intend to obtain certifications for additional hub locations. If it becomes necessary for us to obtain any additional accreditation in the future in order to satisfy the requirements of third-party payors or regulatory agencies, there can be no assurances that we will be able to obtain or continuously maintain this accreditation.
Compliance with extensive product regulations could be expensive and time consuming, and any failure to comply with those regulations could harm our ability to sell and market our products and imaging services.
U.S. and foreign regulatory agencies, including the FDA, govern the testing, marketing and registration of new medical devices or modifications to medical devices, in addition to regulating manufacturing practices, reporting, labeling and recordkeeping procedures.
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The regulatory process makes it longer, harder and more costly to bring our products to market, and we cannot assure you that any of our future products will be cleared or approved. All of our planned services, products and manufacturing activities, as well as the manufacturing activities of third-party medical device manufacturers who supply components to us, are subject to these regulations. Generally, we and our third-party manufacturers are or will be required to:
undergo rigorous inspections by domestic and international agencies;
obtain the prior clearance or approval of those agencies before we can market and sell our medical device products; and
satisfy content and format requirements for all of our sales and promotional materials.
Compliance with the regulations of those agencies may delay or prevent us from introducing new or improved products, which could in turn affect our ability to achieve or maintain profitability. We may be subject to sanctions, including Warning Letters, monetary fines and criminal penalties, the temporary or permanent suspension of operations, product recalls and marketing restrictions, if we fail to comply with the laws and regulations applicable to our business. Our third-party component manufacturers may also be subject to the same sanctions and, as a result, may be unable to supply components for our products. Any failure to retain governmental approvals that we currently hold or obtain additional similar approvals could prevent us from successfully marketing our products and technology and could harm our operating results. Furthermore, changes in the applicable governmental regulations could prevent further commercialization of our products and technologies and could harm our business.
Even if regulatory approval or clearance of a product is granted, regulatory agencies could impose limitations on uses for which the product may be labeled and promoted. Further, for a marketed product, its manufacturer and manufacturing facilities are subject to periodic review and inspection. Later discovery of problems with a product, manufacturer or facility may result in restrictions on the product, manufacturer or facility, including withdrawal of the product from the market or other enforcement actions.
Our products are subject to reporting requirements and recalls even after receiving FDA clearance or approval, which could harm our reputation, business and financial results.
We are subject to medical device reporting regulations that require us to report to the FDA or similar governmental bodies in other countries if our products cause or contribute to a death or serious injury or malfunction in a way that would be reasonably likely to contribute to death or serious injury if the malfunction were to recur. In addition, the FDA and similar governmental bodies in other countries have the authority to require the recall of our products in the event of material deficiencies or defects in design or manufacture that could cause adverse health consequences. A government mandated or voluntary recall by us could occur as a result of component failures, manufacturing errors or design defects, including defects in labeling. Any recall would divert management attention and financial resources and harm our reputation with customers. A recall involving our product could harm the reputation of the product and our company and would be particularly harmful to our business and financial results.
If we fail to obtain, or are significantly delayed in obtaining, FDA clearances or approvals for future products or product enhancements, or if we fail to comply with FDAs Quality System Regulation, our ability to commercially market and distribute our products will suffer.
Our products are subject to rigorous regulation by the FDA, and numerous other federal, state and foreign governmental authorities. In the U.S., the FDA regulates virtually all aspects of a medical devices testing, manufacture, safety, labeling, storage, recordkeeping, reporting, promotion and distribution. Our failure to comply with those regulations could lead to the imposition of administrative or judicial sanctions, including Warning Letters, injunctions, suspensions or the loss of regulatory clearances or approvals, product recalls, termination of distribution, product seizures, or injunctions. In the most egregious cases, criminal sanctions or closure of our manufacturing facilities are possible. The process of obtaining regulatory clearances or approvals to market a medical device, particularly from the FDA, can be costly and time consuming, and there can be no assurance that such clearances or approvals will be granted on a timely basis, if at all. In particular, unless exempt, the FDA permits commercial distribution of a new medical device only after the device has received 510(k) clearance or is the subject of an approved PMA. The FDA will clear marketing of a medical device through the 510(k) process if it is demonstrated that the new product is substantially equivalent to a legally marketed predicate device. The PMA approval process is more costly, lengthy and uncertain than the 510(k) clearance process, and must be supported by extensive data, including data from preclinical studies and human clinical trials. Because we cannot assure you that any new products we develop, or any product enhancements, will be subject to the generally shorter 510(k) clearance process, significant delays in the introduction of any new products or product enhancements may occur. While we have not been required to obtain PMA approval for any of our products, there is no assurance that the FDA will not require a new product or product enhancement to go through the more lengthy, burdensome, and expensive PMA approval process. Further, pursuant to FDA regulations, we can only market our products for cleared or approved uses. If our products are used for purposes other than those cleared or approved by the FDA, the FDA could object to such off-label uses.
Our manufacturing processes and those of our third-party manufacturers are required to comply with the FDAs Quality System Regulation, which covers the design, testing, production processes, controls, quality assurance, labeling, packaging, storage and shipping of our devices. In addition, we must engage in extensive recordkeeping and reporting and must make available our manufacturing facility and records for periodic unscheduled inspections by federal, state and foreign agencies, including the FDA. Our failure or our third-party manufacturers failure to pass a Quality System Regulation inspection or to comply with these and other applicable regulatory requirements could result in disruption of our operations and manufacturing delays, and a failure to take
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adequate corrective action could result in, among other things, Warning Letter(s), withdrawal of our medical device clearances, seizure or recall of our devices, or other civil or criminal enforcement actions.
Foreign governmental authorities that regulate the manufacture and sale of medical devices have become increasingly stringent and, to the extent we now or in the future market and sell our products in foreign countries, we may be subject to rigorous regulation by those foreign governmental authorities. In such circumstances, we would rely significantly on our foreign independent distributors to comply with the varying regulations, and any failures on their part could result in restrictions on the sale of our products in foreign countries.
Modifications to our products may require new 510(k) clearances or pre-market approvals, or may require us to cease marketing or recall the modified products until clearances are obtained.
Any modification to a 510(k)-cleared device that could significantly affect its safety or effectiveness, or that would constitute a major change in its intended use, requires a new 510(k) clearance or, possibly, approval of a PMA. The FDA requires every manufacturer to make this determination in the first instance, but the FDA may review any manufacturers decision. The FDA may not agree with our decisions regarding whether new clearances or approvals are necessary. If the FDA requires us to seek 510(k) clearance or PMA approval for modification of a previously cleared product for which we have concluded that no clearances or approvals are necessary, we may be required to cease marketing or to recall the modified product until we obtain clearance or approval, and we may be subject to significant regulatory fines or penalties. Further, our products could be subject to recall if the FDA determines, for any reason, that our products are not safe or effective. Any recall or FDA requirement that we seek additional approvals or clearances could result in delays, fines, costs associated with modification of a product, loss of revenue and potential operating restrictions imposed by the FDA.
Audits or denials of claims submitted by us or by our DIS customers, by government agencies or contractors could reduce our revenues or profits and expose us to claims.
For services we provided until August 2004 under our mixed bill model, we submitted claims directly to and received payments directly from the Medicare program. Therefore, we remain subject to extensive government regulation, including requirements for maintaining certain documentation to support our claims. Government agencies and Medicare contractors also may conduct inspections or surveys of our facilities, payment reviews and other audits of our claims and operations. We cannot assure you that such scrutiny will not result in material delays in payment, as well as material recoupments or denials, which could reduce our revenue or profits. Our DIS customers also submit claims to Medicare and other third-party payors, are subject to the same types of regulation and scrutiny and may experience the same types of problems. This could adversely affect our ability to market our leases and services and to maintain existing contracts.
Risks Related to Our Financial Results and Need for Financing
Our quarterly financial results are difficult to predict and are likely to fluctuate significantly from period to period because our business prospects are uncertain and due to the seasonality of our DIS leasing services business.
Our revenue and results of operations at any given time will be primarily based on the following factors, many of which we cannot control:
physician, healthcare provider and patient acceptance of our products and services;
demand and pricing of our products and services;
success and timing of new product offerings, acquisitions, licenses or other significant events by us or our competitors;
camera purchases by DIS customers;
our ability to establish and maintain a productive manufacturing, marketing, sales and distribution force;
the ability of our suppliers to timely provide us with an adequate supply of necessary components;
timing and magnitude of our expenditures;
our ability to reduce our expenses quickly enough to respond to any declines in revenue;
regulatory approvals and legislative changes affecting the products we may offer or those of our competitors;
the effect of competing technological and market developments;
our addition or termination of research programs or funding support;
levels of third-party reimbursement for our products and services;
interruption in the manufacturing or distribution of our products and services; and
changes in our ability to obtain FDA approval or clearance for our products.
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Furthermore, we have experienced seasonality in the leasing services offered by DIS. While our physicians are obligated to pay us for all lease days to which they have committed, our contracts permit some flexibility in scheduling when services are to be performed. This accounts for some of the seasonality of our DIS revenues. For example, our daily services have typically declined from our second fiscal quarter to our third fiscal quarter due to summer holidays and vacation schedules. We have also experienced declining daily services in December due to holidays and in our first quarter due to weather conditions in certain parts of the United States. We cannot predict with certainty the degree to which seasonal circumstances such as the summer slowdown, winter holiday variations and weather conditions may make our revenue unpredictable or lead to fluctuations in our quarterly operating results in the future.
In addition, due to the way that customers in our target markets acquire our products, a large percentage of our orders of gamma cameras is booked during the last month of each quarterly accounting period. As such, a delivery delay of only a few days may significantly impact our quarter-to-quarter comparisons.
For these reasons, we believe that quarterly sales and operating results may vary significantly in the future and that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied upon as indicators of future performance. We cannot assure you that our sales will increase or be sustained in future periods. Accordingly, we may experience significant, unanticipated quarterly losses. Because of these and other factors, our operating results in one or more future quarters may fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors, which could cause our stock price to decline significantly.
We have incurred significant and recurring operating losses since our inception in 1985 and we expect to incur increased operating expenses in the near term.
We have incurred significant cumulative net losses since our inception in November 1985 and expect to incur increased operating expenses in the near term as we, among other things:
expand our manufacturing operations and DIS business;
increase marketing, sales and distribution of our current products; and
conduct research and development to develop next-generation products and to enhance our existing products.
As a result of these activities, we may not be able to maintain profitability. If our revenue grows more slowly than anticipated, or if our operating expenses exceed our expectations, our ability to achieve our development and expansion goals would be adversely affected.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results. As a result, current and potential stockholders could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which would harm our business and the trading price of our stock.
Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports. If we cannot provide reliable financial reports, our business and operating results could be harmed.
We have in the past discovered, and may in the future discover, areas of our internal controls that need improvement. As described in Item 4 of this Quarterly Report, our independent auditors notified us in April 2005, in connection with an investigation being conducted by the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, of the existence of a material weakness in our internal controls, as defined by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Boards Auditing Standard No. 2, which we have confirmed. A material weakness in internal controls over financial reporting is considered to be a significant deficiency, or a combination of significant deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected.
As a result of these findings, we have implemented, and continue to implement, actions to address these deficiencies and to enhance the reliability and effectiveness of our internal controls and operations. We believe that these remedial actions will fully address the identified material weakness in our internal controls. However, we cannot assure you that the measures we have taken to date or any future measures will remediate the material weakness discussed in Item 4, or that we will implement and maintain adequate controls over our financial processes and reporting in the future. As of March 31, 2005, our independent auditors had not evaluated the measures we have taken or plan to take to address the material weakness described above. In addition, we cannot assure you that additional material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal controls will not be discovered in the future.
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Any failure to remediate the material weakness discussed above or implement required new or improved controls, difficulties encountered in their implementation or future weaknesses could harm our operating results, cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations, result in material misstatements in our financial statements and cause us to incur additional costs and adverse publicity. Inferior internal controls could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our stock.
Our reliance on a limited number of customers may cause our sales to be volatile.
We currently have a small number of customers, whom we typically bill after the delivery of our products and imaging services. If orders for our gamma cameras were to be cancelled, or our leasing service customers stopped using us or do not renew their lease agreements with us, or decide to purchase their own camera, our business would be adversely affected. Furthermore, in view of our small customer base, our failure to gain additional customers, the loss of any current customers or a significant reduction in the level of leasing services provided to any one customer could disrupt our business, harm our reputation and adversely affect our sales.
The sales cycle for our gamma cameras is typically lengthy, which may result in significant fluctuations in our revenue.
Our sales efforts for our gamma cameras are dependent on the capital expenditures budgets of the physicians and hospitals to which we market. Often physicians and hospitals require a significant amount of lead time to plan for a major acquisition such as the purchase of our imaging systems. We may spend substantial time, effort and expense long before we actually consummate an order of our cameras and with no assurance that we will ultimately be successful in achieving any such orders. As a result, we may experience significant fluctuations in our revenues. Furthermore, evaluating and predicting our future sales and operating performance is difficult and may not be as accurate as it could be if we had shorter sales cycles.
Our future capital needs are uncertain and we may need to raise additional funds in the future, and such funds may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.
Although we believe that our current cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to meet our projected operating requirements for the foreseeable future, our capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:
the revenue generated by sales of our products and services;
the costs associated with expanding our manufacturing, marketing, sales and distribution efforts;
the rate of progress and cost of our research and development activities;
the costs of obtaining and maintaining FDA and other regulatory clearance of our products and products in development;
the costs of obtaining and maintaining radioactive materials licenses and radiation safety procedures;
the effects of competing technological and market developments;
the number and timing of acquisitions and other strategic transactions; and
the costs associated with our expansion, if any.
As a result of these factors, we may need to raise additional funds, and we cannot be certain that such funds will be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all. Furthermore, if we issue equity or debt securities to raise additional funds, our existing stockholders may experience dilution and the new equity or debt securities may have rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of our existing stockholders. In addition, if we raise additional funds through collaboration, licensing or other similar arrangements, it may be necessary to relinquish potentially valuable rights to our future products or proprietary technologies, or grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to us. If we cannot raise funds on acceptable terms, we may not be able to expand our operations, develop new products, take advantage of future opportunities or respond to competitive pressures or unanticipated customer requirements.
Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property and Potential Litigation
Our ability to protect our intellectual property and proprietary technology through patents and other means is uncertain.
Our success depends significantly on our ability to protect our proprietary rights to the technologies used in our products. We rely on patent protection, as well as a combination of copyright, trade secret and trademark laws, and nondisclosure, confidentiality and other contractual restrictions to protect our proprietary technology. However, these legal means afford only limited protection and may not adequately protect our rights or permit us to gain or keep any competitive advantage. Our pending U.S. and foreign patent applications, which include claims to material aspects of our products and procedures that are not currently protected by issued patents, may not issue as patents in a form that will be advantageous to us. Any patents we have obtained or do obtain may be challenged by re-examination or otherwise invalidated or eventually found unenforceable. Both the patent application process and the process of managing patent disputes can be time consuming and expensive. Competitors may attempt to challenge or invalidate our patents, or may be able to design alternative techniques or devices that avoid infringement of our patents, or develop products with
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functionalities that are comparable to ours. Although we have taken steps to protect our intellectual property and proprietary technology, including entering into confidentiality agreements and intellectual property assignment agreements with our employees, consultants, advisors and corporate partners, such agreements may not be enforceable or may not provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets or other proprietary information in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure or other breaches of the agreements. Furthermore, the laws of some foreign countries may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States.
In the event a competitor infringes upon our patent or other intellectual property rights, litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights or to defend our patents against challenge, even if successful, could be expensive and time consuming and could require significant time and attention from our management. We may not have sufficient resources to enforce our intellectual property rights or to defend our patents against challenges from others.
The medical device industry is characterized by patent litigation and we could become subject to litigation that could be costly, result in the diversion of our managements time and efforts, and require us to pay damages.
The medical device industry is characterized by extensive litigation and administrative proceedings over patent and other intellectual property rights. Whether a product infringes a patent involves complex legal and factual issues, the determination of which is often uncertain. Our competitors may assert that our products, their components or the methods we employ in the use of our products are covered by U.S. or foreign patents held by them. In addition, they may claim that their patents have priority over ours because their patents were filed or invented earlier. Because patent applications can take many years to issue, there may be applications now pending of which we are unaware, which may later result in issued patents that our products may infringe. There could also be existing patents that one or more components of our products may be infringing of which we are unaware. As the number of participants in our industry increases, the possibility of patent infringement claims against us also increases.
Any litigation or claims against us may cause us to incur substantial costs, could place a significant strain on our financial resources, divert the attention of our management from our core business and harm our reputation. If the relevant patents were upheld as valid and enforceable and we were found to be inadvertently infringing, we could be required to pay substantial damages and/or royalties and could be prevented from selling our products unless we could obtain a license or were able to redesign our system to avoid infringement. Any such license may not be available on reasonable terms, if at all. If we fail to obtain any required licenses or make any necessary changes to our products or technologies, we may be unable to commercialize one or more of our products.
If we become subject to product liability or warranty claims, we may experience reduced demand for our products or be required to pay damages that exceed our insurance coverage.
The sale and support of our products entails the risk of product liability or warranty claims, such as those based on claims that the failure of one of our products resulted in a misdiagnosis, personal injury or death, among other issues. The medical device industry has been subject to significant products liability litigation. We may incur significant liability in the event of any such litigation, regardless of the merit of the action. Although we maintain product liability insurance, we cannot be sure that this coverage is adequate or that it will continue to be available on acceptable terms, if at all. We also may face warranty exposure, which could adversely affect our operating results. Any unforeseen warranty exposure or insufficient insurance could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. Finally, even a meritless or unsuccessful product liability claim could harm our reputation in the industry, lead to significant legal fees and could result in the diversion of managements attention from managing our business.
We may be subject to lawsuits and actions brought by our employees.
We may from time to time be subject to employment claims or disputes. While there are no such claims or disputes at present, we cannot assure you that we may not be subject to other lawsuits and actions brought by our employees or that we would be successful defending against such actions. Any employment claims could significantly divert our managements time and attention and could materially affect our business.
We rely significantly on a license agreement with Segami Corporation for imaging processing software for our digital gamma camera, and the loss of the license could result in delivery delays, loss of customers and loss of revenue.
Segami Corporation, or Segami, has developed image processing software for our camera under a non-exclusive license agreement. While we have amended our agreement with Segami and now own the image acquisition software, we remain dependent on Segami for the processing software. In the event that Segami attempts to terminate the license agreement, refuses to extend the term of the license or seeks to impose unreasonable pricing or terms, we would have to find an alternative software system to use in our gamma camera. To our knowledge, there are a limited number of companies that would be able to develop and implement a software system similar to what we use in our gamma camera. As a result, in the event that we were unable to continue to use the software under the license from Segami, we could have delays in the production of our gamma camera as we attempted to find a substitute software provider. Furthermore, we cannot guarantee that alternative software providers would be able to meet our
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requirements or that their software would be available to us at favorable prices, if at all. To the extent we were unable to find an alternative source for the software, we may have to develop our own software system. We cannot guarantee that we could internally develop such a software system or that such efforts would not divert resources away from the development of other features of our camera. As a result, locating an alternative software system or developing our own software system could interrupt the manufacture and delivery of our products for an extended period of time and may cause the loss of customers and revenue.
We may be subject to damages resulting from claims that we, or our employees, have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of their former employers.
Many of our employees were previously employed at other medical device companies, including our competitors or potential competitors. Although no claims against us are currently pending, we may be subject to claims that we or our employees have inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of their former employers. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these claims. Even if we are successful in defending against these claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management. If we fail in defending such claims, in addition to paying money damages, we may lose valuable intellectual property rights or personnel. A loss of key research personnel or their work product could hinder or preclude our ability to commercialize our products, which could severely harm our business.
Risks Related to the Securities Markets and Ownership of Our Common Stock
Our stock price may be volatile.
The market price for our common stock has been and is likely to continue to be volatile. In addition, the market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to a number of factors, most of which we cannot control, including:
volume and timing of orders for our products and services;
the introduction of new products, product enhancements, services or technologies by us or our competitors;
quarterly variations in our or our competitors results of operations;
conditions or trends in the medical device industry and the imaging service industry;
disputes or other developments with respect to intellectual property rights, product liability claims or other litigation;
our ability to develop, obtain regulatory clearance for, and market, new and enhanced products on a timely basis, or changes in governmental regulations or in the status of our regulatory approvals or applications;
additions or departures of key personnel;
sales of large blocks of our common stock, including sales by our executive officers and directors;
changes in the availability of third-party reimbursement in the United States or other countries;
changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by securities analysts; and
general market conditions and other factors, including factors unrelated to our operating performance or the operating performance of our competitors.
Future sales of our common stock may cause our stock price to decline.
A small number of our current stockholders hold a substantial number of shares of our common stock that they may sell in the public market. Sales by our current stockholders of a substantial number of shares, or the expectation that such sale may occur, could significantly reduce the market price of our common stock. Moreover, the holders of a substantial number of our shares of common stock, including shares issued upon the exercise of certain of our warrants, have rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements to permit the resale of their shares in the public market or to include their shares in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or other stockholders. We have also registered all common stock that we may issue under our employee benefit plans. Accordingly, these shares can be freely sold in the public market upon issuance, subject to restrictions under the securities laws and the lock-up agreements described above. If any of these stockholders cause a large number of securities to be sold in the public market, the sales could reduce the trading price of our common stock. These sales also could impede our ability to raise future capital.
Our common stock has been publicly traded for a short time and an active trading market may not be sustained.
Although we are currently listed for trading on the Nasdaq National Market, an active trading market for our common stock may not be sustained. An inactive market may impair your ability to sell your shares at the time you wish to sell them or at a price that you consider reasonable. Furthermore, an inactive market may impair our ability to raise capital by selling shares and may impair our ability to acquire other businesses, products and technologies by using our shares as consideration.
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Anti-takeover provisions in our organizational documents and Delaware law may discourage or prevent a change in control, even if an acquisition would be beneficial to our stockholders, which could affect our stock price adversely and prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management.
Our restated certificate of incorporation and restated bylaws contain provisions that may delay or prevent a change in control, discourage bids at a premium over the market price of our common stock and adversely affect the market price of our common stock and the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock. These provisions include:
prohibiting our stockholders from calling a special meeting of stockholders unless they hold not less than 20% of the total number of votes to be cast at such a meeting;
permitting the issuance of additional shares of our common stock or preferred stock without stockholder approval;
prohibiting our stockholders from making certain changes to our restated certificate of incorporation or restated bylaws except with 662/3% stockholder approval; and
requiring advance notice for raising matters of business or making nominations at stockholders meetings.
We are also subject to provisions of the Delaware corporation law that, in general, prohibit any business combination with a beneficial owner of 15% or more of our common stock for five years unless the holders acquisition of our stock was approved in advance by our board of directors. Although we believe these provisions collectively provide for an opportunity to receive higher bids by requiring potential acquirors to negotiate with our board of directors, they would apply even if the offer may be considered beneficial by some stockholders. In addition, these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors, which is responsible for appointing the members of our management.
If our officers, directors and principal stockholders choose to act together, they may be able to control our management and operations, acting in their best interests and not in the best interests of other stockholders.
Our officers, directors and holders of 5% or more of our outstanding common stock beneficially own a significant amount of our outstanding common stock. As a result, these stockholders, acting together, will be able to significantly influence all matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers or other business combination transactions. The interests of this group of stockholders may not always coincide with our interests or the interests of other stockholders, and they may act in a manner that advances their best interests and not necessarily those of other stockholders. As a result of their actions or inactions our stock price may decline.
Our exposure to market risk due to changes in interest rates relates primarily to the increase or decrease in the amount of interest income we can earn on our investment portfolio. Our risk associated with fluctuating interest rates is limited to our investments in interest rate sensitive financial instruments. Under our current policies, we do not use interest rate derivative instruments to manage exposure to interest rate changes. We attempt to increase the safety and preservation of our invested principal funds by limiting default risk, market risk and reinvestment risk. We mitigate default risk by investing in investment grade securities. A hypothetical 100 basis point adverse move in interest rates along the entire interest rate yield curve would not materially affect the fair value of our interest sensitive financial instruments. Changes in interest rates over time will increase or decrease our interest income.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commissions rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
As required by Rule 13a-15(b) of the Securities Exchange of 1934, as amended, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the quarter covered by this report.
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During April 2005, we identified an event described below which occurred in March 2004, which we concluded was a material weakness. Accordingly, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of March 31, 2005 and for all prior reporting periods.
Audit Committee Investigation and Material Weakness
On April 5, 2005, the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors engaged independent, outside counsel to conduct an investigation into whether we properly recognized revenue with respect to the sale and delivery of a single digital gamma camera in the first quarter of 2004 and related matters. Based upon the results of the investigation, we, with the concurrence of our independent auditors, confirmed the propriety of the revenue recognition with respect to the camera sale transaction. As a result, we and our independent auditors concluded that no adjustment to our recorded revenue was necessary and that no restatement of our prior issued financial statements was required.
Based upon the results of the investigation, however, the independent auditors notified us of the existence of a material weakness in our internal controls, as defined by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Boards Auditing Standard No. 2, which we have confirmed. A material weakness in internal controls over financial reporting is considered to be a significant deficiency, or a combination of significant deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected. Because the Audit Committee and our Board of Directors determined that certain of our employees attempted to circumvent our internal controls over financial reporting or failed to reveal facts related to the delivery of the camera at issue, our independent auditors determined that such facts gave rise to a material weakness in our internal controls. We found no evidence of any other material departure from our internal control policies.
To address the results of the investigation and the determination of the existence of a material weakness in our internal controls, we have implemented a series of remedial actions, including requesting and receiving the resignation of our then President and Chief Executive Officer, and terminating the employment of our then Senior Vice President of Operations. In addition, we requested and received the resignation of one sales employee, terminated the employment of another sales employee, assigned more senior accounting personnel to oversee revenue recognition for product revenues and adopted new and more stringent controls over delivery procedures and documentation. We believe that these remedial actions have fully addressed the identified material weakness in our internal controls.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
There has been no change in our internal controls over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter, other than as discussed above in connection with the identification of the material weakness, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
On November 18, 2004, we received a notice of violation from the Maryland Department of the Environment, or Department, relating to our radioactive materials license. The notice alleges violations related primarily to record-keeping and the failure to follow certain operating protocols. We responded to the notice and then participated in a licensee management enforcement conference conducted by the Department in January 2005. We have instituted corrective actions and made a supplemental submission to the Department in February. If the Department concludes that corrective actions are not adequate, it could take escalated enforcement action, including the imposition of civil penalties of up to $10,000 per violation per day, or the modification, suspension or revocation of our license in Maryland. While we believe we have fully addressed each of the Departments concerns, we cannot assure you that this matter will be resolved in our favor.
In January 2005, a complaint was served on a DIS customer physician, his medical practice and two DIS technicians, individually, and in their capacity as agents of the medical practice. The complaint was filed in the Circuit Court of the Fifth Judicial Circuit, County of Vermilion, Danville, Illinois and alleges negligence claims in connection with the death of a patient purportedly arising from the administration of a stress imaging test. We have tendered the matter to the physician practice for indemnification and defense pursuant to our contract with the practice. While the technicians deny the allegations and we will vigorously defend them in the matter, we cannot assure you that this matter will be resolved in their favor.
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In the normal course of business, we have been and will likely continue to be subject to routine litigation incidental to our business, such as claims related to customer disputes, employment practices, product liability, warranty or patent infringement. Responding to litigation, regardless of whether it has merit, can be expensive and disruptive to normal business operations. We dispute the merits of all such current claims and plan to vigorously defend against them. However, as litigation is inherently uncertain, we cannot predict the outcome of such matters. We can provide no assurance that the ultimate outcome, either individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial statements.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.
We effected the initial public offering of our common stock pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-113760) that was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 9, 2004. On June 15, 2004, 5,500,000 shares of common stock were sold on our behalf at an initial public offering price of $12.00 per share, for an aggregate offering price of $66.0 million, which offering was managed by Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., Banc of America Securities LLC and William Blair & Company, L.L.C. Following the sale of the 5,500,000 shares, the offering terminated.
We paid to the underwriters underwriting discounts and commissions totaling approximately $4.6 million in connection with the offering. In addition, we estimate that we incurred additional expenses of approximately $2.6 million in connection with the offering, which when added to the underwriting discounts and commissions paid by us, amounts to total estimated expenses of approximately $7.2 million. Thus, the net offering proceeds to us, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses, were approximately $58.8 million. No offering expenses were paid directly or indirectly to any of our directors or officers (or their associates) or persons owning ten percent or more of any class of our equity securities or to any other affiliates.
As of March 31, 2005, we had used approximately $13.8 million of the net proceeds from our initial public offering to repay our lines of credit, capital leases and notes payable, none of which was paid directly or indirectly to any of our directors or officers (or their associates) or persons owning ten percent or more of any class of our equity securities or to any other affiliates. In addition, we had used $5.4 million to fund operations and capital equipment purchases. We expect to use a majority of the remainder of the net proceeds from our initial public offering to manufacture and market our gamma cameras, build our sales and marketing capabilities and expand our business. To a lesser extent, we anticipate using the remaining net proceeds of the offering:
for further research and development relating to our existing products and new product opportunities and to finance regulatory approval activities; and
for general corporate purposes.
In addition, we may use a portion of the net proceeds from our initial public offering to acquire products, technologies or businesses that are complementary to our own, but we currently have no commitments or agreements relating to any of these types of transactions.
We cannot specify with certainty all of the particular uses for the net proceeds received from our initial public offering. The amount and timing of our expenditures will depend on several factors, including the amount of revenue generated from our operations, the progress of our commercialization efforts, and the amount of cash used in our operations. Accordingly, our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds.
Pending the uses described above, we plan to invest the net proceeds from our initial public offering in short- and medium-term, interest-bearing obligations, investment-grade instruments, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.
None.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
None.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.
None.
32
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
Exhibit |
|
Description |
3.1(1) |
|
Restated Certificate of Incorporation |
3.2(1) |
|
Restated Bylaws |
4.1(2) |
|
Form of Specimen Stock Certificate |
4.2 (3) |
|
Amended and Restated Investors Rights Agreement by and among Digirad Corporation and the investors listed on the schedule attached thereto, dated April 23, 2002, as amended. |
10.1(4) |
|
Summary of Directors Compensation |
10.2(5) |
|
Summary of Officer Compensation Arrangements |
31.1 |
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) promulgated pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
31.2 |
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) promulgated pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
32.1 |
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
32.2 |
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
(1) Incorporated by reference to the Companys quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 11, 2004.
(2) Incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-113760) originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 19, 2004, as amended thereafter.
(3) Incorporated by reference to the Companys quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 2, 2004.
(4) Incorporated by reference to the Companys current report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 7, 2005.
(5) Incorporated by reference to the Companys current report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 18, 2005.
33
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
|
|
|
|
|
DIGIRAD CORPORATION |
|
|
|
Date: May 9, 2005 |
|
By: /s/ Gerhard F. Burbach |
|
|
|
|
|
Gerhard F. Burbach |
|
|
|
Date: May 9, 2005 |
|
By: /s/ Todd P. Clyde |
|
|
|
|
|
Todd P. Clyde |
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit |
|
Description |
3.1(1) |
|
Restated Certificate of Incorporation |
3.2(1) |
|
Restated Bylaws |
4.1(2) |
|
Form of Specimen Stock Certificate |
4.2 (3) |
|
Amended and Restated Investors Rights Agreement by and among Digirad Corporation and the investors listed on the schedule attached thereto, dated April 23, 2002, as amended. |
10.1 (4) |
|
Summary of Directors Compensation |
10.2(5) |
|
Summary of Officer Compensation Arrangements |
31.1 |
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) promulgated pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
31.2 |
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) promulgated pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
32.1 |
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
32.2 |
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
(1) Incorporated by reference to the Companys quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 11, 2004.
(2) Incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-113760) originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 19, 2004, as amended thereafter.
(3) Incorporated by reference to the Companys quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 2, 2004.
(4) Incorporated by reference to the Companys current report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 7, 2005.
(5) Incorporated by reference to the Companys current report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 18, 2005.
34