UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
D.C. 20549
Form 10–K
(Mark One)
| [X[ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | ||
| For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000 | |||
| OR | |||
| [ ] | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | ||
For the transition period from _________ to _________
Commission file number: 000–25475
LATITUDE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware | 94–3177392 |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
2121 Tasman Drive, Santa Clara, CA 95054
(Address of principal
executive offices, including zip code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (408) 988–7200
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $0.001 par value
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period than the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [X] NO [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S–K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10–K or any amendment to this Form 10–K. [X]
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non–affiliates of the registrant was approximately $35,614,000 as of February 28, 2001, based upon the closing sale price on the Nasdaq National Market reported for such date. Shares of Common Stock held by each officer and director and by each person who owns 5% or more of the outstanding Common Stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
There were 19,303,111 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock issued and outstanding as of February 28, 2001.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Part III incorporates information by reference from the definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on June 7, 2001.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
Overview
We are a leading provider of enterprise e-conferencing solutions that enable geographically dispersed organizations to collaborate in real time. The company's award-winning MeetingPlace system is designed for enterprise-wide deployment to improve the ability of employees, partners, and customers to meet and work. With MeetingPlace, participants can schedule and attend a meeting, view, share and edit documents, and capture and retrieve meeting content. MeetingPlace is designed to be an enterprise–wide resource and to leverage existing technologies such as telephones, cellular phones and personal computers. Moreover, we expect that the dramatic growth in web access and collaborative software applications will drive e-conferencing as an important business application of the Internet.
MeetingPlace consists of three components: (a) the MeetingPlace conference server; (b) MeetingPlace software; and (c) system integration options. MeetingPlace incorporates many easy–to–use features that allow participants to emulate the voice and data collaboration that occurs in a face–to–face meeting, such as breakout sessions, roll calls and meeting handouts. MeetingPlace provides simultaneous voice and web conferencing and the ability to record and access meeting content while lowering the enterprise’s overall conferencing costs.
We began commercial shipment of MeetingPlace in December 1994 and, as of December 31, 2000, had over 325 customers. In addition to enterprise–wide general deployment, customers have purchased and used MeetingPlace for a variety of specific business applications, including morning brokerage calls, crisis management, training and education, customer and client services, supply chain management and merger integration. Furthermore, over 60% of our customers have purchased additional products or services after their initial system installations. MeetingPlace has been installed in some of the world’s leading enterprises, including 3Com, Aetna, Cisco, Charles Schwab & Co., Credit Suisse First Boston, Hewlett–Packard, Honeywell, Intuit, Microsoft, Oracle, State Farm Insurance, Union Pacific Railroad and the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank.
Industry Background
The proliferation of communications technologies is revolutionizing the way people conduct business. Today, businesses of all sizes are empowering their employees with a diverse array of communications tools to facilitate information flow, improve productivity and reduce costs. From voicemail, fax machines and cellular phones to e–mail, laptop computers and handheld devices, businesses have demonstrated their continued willingness to adopt technologies that enable their employees, vendors and customers to communicate more efficiently across disparate geographies and time zones. Rapidly increasing travel costs have additionally fueled the deployment by enterprises of technologies that facilitate communication while reducing travel and current communication expenditures.
An enterprise’s willingness to adopt a new communications technology depends largely on the technology’s ability to efficiently replace or enhance an existing business practice. Voicemail is a more convenient and cost effective substitute for the traditional pad–and–paper answering service. E–mail provides a similar improvement over traditional inter–office mail. Cellular phones and laptop computers provide added flexibility for mobile workers over the traditional telephone and desktop computer. In addition, enterprises have sought to enhance their competitive advantage by creating a virtual presence with their customers and vendors through such means as e–commerce and extranets. Each of these technologies has increased productivity by extending the workplace beyond the physical office.
We believe that no single, widely deployable technology, however, has been able to effectively provide the integrated voice and data collaboration that occurs in a face–to–face meeting in a cost effective manner. To have a meeting today, a business typically must have everyone present in a conference room or invest in limited and often expensive technologies or services that allow people to communicate. For example, audio conferencing, although widely used and available, is relatively expensive and does not enable participants to share and modify documents. Video conferencing systems enable participants to see each other but have technical limitations, such as minimum bandwidth requirements, and are not widely available to users. Collaborative software applications, such as Microsoft Outlook and Lotus Notes, focus on workflow improvements rather than sharing documents real–time and allowing users to speak with other participants.
As a consequence, we believe there is significant demand for an integrated, cost–effective and easy–to–use product that enables simultaneous real–time voice communication and secure document collaboration irrespective of geographic location. Furthermore, we believe that such a product must leverage the existing voice and data infrastructure within the enterprise to facilitate widespread deployment and realize significant cost savings. Finally, the system must provide incremental capabilities to improve the meeting itself.
The Latitude Solution
We have developed a solution, MeetingPlace, that allows companies to conduct meetings which extend real–time decision making processes irrespective of the geographic locations of participants. With MeetingPlace, users can schedule and attend a meeting, share and edit documents, and record and access meeting content. Attendees can participate in a meeting using widely available communications devices such as telephones, cellular phones, laptop computers and desktop computers. MeetingPlace is designed to be an enterprise–wide resource and to integrate seamlessly into widely deployed enterprise software environments, including corporate intranets and collaborative software environments such as Microsoft Outlook.
Key benefits of MeetingPlace include:
Seamless integration of real–time voice and web conferencing. MeetingPlace allows participants to easily schedule and attend meetings that combine voice conferencing with real–time sharing and editing of data over the Internet. By leveraging an enterprise’s existing voice and data networks, MeetingPlace provides reliable and robust transport of toll–quality voice as well as real–time data sharing and editing.
Lower overall cost of conferencing. With a MeetingPlace server installed, the cost of a conference is limited to the long–distance charge, if any, for each participant. In contrast, the cost of a conference using a third–party service bureau often ranges between $0.30 and $0.55 per minute per participant within the United States. As such, we believe that a typical customer can realize significant cost savings relative to existing voice conferencing services provided by third–party service bureaus.
Security and control. MeetingPlace’s customer premise–based system provides an architecture that enables an enterprise to manage web collaboration securely behind its network security system, referred to in the software industry as a corporate firewall, consistent with its other information technology strategies. Additionally, MeetingPlace eliminates several risks associated with third party conferencing service bureaus, such as operators giving access to unwelcome participants.
Ease of use and broad feature set. MeetingPlace allows users to schedule, attend and review meetings easily from their telephones or familiar desktop environments such as browsers or Microsoft Outlook. In addition, MeetingPlace incorporates a large number of features that allow end users to emulate many aspects of a face–to–face meeting such as breakout sessions, roll calls and meeting hand–outs.
Scalability and configurability. MeetingPlace is scalable with an enterprise’s conferencing needs. MeetingPlace servers are designed to be networked together to coordinate the deployment of servers on a global basis and to allow for large single meeting sessions of over 1,000 simultaneous participants. Moreover, MeetingPlace can be configured in a variety of ways to satisfy specific business applications, such as training and supply chain management.
Time–displaced access to meetings. MeetingPlace provides an integrated ability to record and archive meeting conversations and materials, enabling information generated during a meeting to be efficiently passed on to those unable to attend. In addition, audio or data information can be made available to participants in advance of the meeting.
Products and Services
MeetingPlace Hardware and Software Platform
Our MeetingPlace system enables the enterprise–wide deployment of real–time voice and web conferencing capabilities. Designed to integrate with an enterprise’s existing telephone and data networks, MeetingPlace facilitates meetings among people in different locations using phones and network connected computers. The MeetingPlace system consists of three types of components:
MeetingPlace Conference Server. At the core of the MeetingPlace system is the MeetingPlace conference server, an integrated hardware and software platform. The MeetingPlace server is built around an Intel Pentium processor and incorporates standard trunk interfaces to many analog and digital phone systems, an Ethernet interface for local area networks, and a storage system based on the small computer systems interface, or SCSI, to manage internal database functions and conference recordings. In addition, the platform utilizes our advanced high–performance digital signal processing cards to manage voice communications. Each MeetingPlace server can scale from 8 to 120 concurrent users in any combination of different sized conferences, enabling customers to configure the MeetingPlace server on a concurrent user basis. In addition to the MeetingPlace conference server, an enterprise can increase scalability and reliability with the following options:
MeetingPlace Network Server. An integrated hardware and software platform that enables customers to manage up to eight MeetingPlace conference servers with centralized scheduling, administration and reporting.
MeetingPlace Shadow Network Server. An integrated hardware and software platform that provides redundancy in the event of failure of the MeetingPlace network server.
MeetingPlace Software. The MeetingPlace conference server includes system software necessary to schedule, conduct and manage real–time voice and web conferences. This software includes an operating system and a structured query language, or SQL, relational database, as well as integrated voice processing, conference scheduling and conference bridging software. The MeetingPlace system software also includes an optional simple network management protocol, or SNMP, agent for centralized network management. Enterprise customers typically configure their MeetingPlace systems by choosing several of the following software options:
MeetingPlace Data Conferencing. Server–based software that facilitates real–time data collaboration using either standards–based collaboration software such as Microsoft NetMeeting or Java–compatible web browsers such as Microsoft Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator.
MeetingNotes. Software that facilitates management of meeting agendas, roll calls, attached electronic documents, related web hyperlinks, and conference recordings.
MeetingTime. Client software that enables users to schedule, configure and monitor advanced meeting functions such as breakout sessions and lecture style, listen–only meetings.
System Integration Options. We also offer several optional modules that enable the integration of MeetingPlace with other strategic communications tools used by the enterprise. Currently, these modules include:
MeetingPlace Web. Windows NT–based software that integrates MeetingPlace with an enterprise’s web server to provide end users with browser–based scheduling and management of conferences. MeetingPlace Web also integrates with RealAudio to provide streaming audio playback of conference recordings.
MeetingPlace for Outlook. Windows NT–based software that integrates MeetingPlace with Microsoft Exchange to facilitate conference scheduling and delivery of notifications through the Microsoft Outlook calendaring interface from the user’s desktop.
MeetingPlace for Notes. Windows NT–based software that integrates MeetingPlace with Lotus Notes to facilitate conference scheduling and delivery of notifications through the Lotus Notes calendaring interface from the user’s desktop.
MeetingPlace E–mail Gateway. Windows NT–based software that integrates MeetingPlace with popular e–mail systems, including Microsoft Exchange and Lotus Notes, for automated e–mail delivery of conference notifications and meeting materials.
MeetingPlace IP. Windows NT–based software that consists of powerful voice-processing and call-control capabilities that interoperate with both IP call-processing systems, such as Cisco CallManager, and the traditional circuit-switched network. This allows end users to participate in the same conference using either a traditional or IP-based telephone..
MeetingPlace Fax Gateway. Windows NT–based software that integrates MeetingPlace with a Windows NT–based fax server for automated fax delivery of conference notifications and meeting materials.
Our MeetingPlace system is designed for deployment in enterprise environments with a wide array of standard and optional features for end users, help desk employees and system managers, including:
| Capability | Features | ||
| Meeting Set–Up. Automated scheduling and notification of meetings. | · | ability to schedule in advance or real–time | |
| · | schedule via MeetingTime software, web browser, telephone, Microsoft Outlook or Lotus Notes | ||
| · | scheduling of recurring meetings | ||
| · | password and profile restrictions | ||
| · | notification through e–mail, Microsoft Outlook, fax or pager | ||
| · | automatic dial–out to participants | ||
| In–Session Capabilities. Management and control of meeting attendance and flow. | · | roll calls | |
| · | announced and screened entries | ||
| · | participant exclusion | ||
| · | breakout sessions | ||
| · | lecture style, listen–only conferences | ||
| · | real–time speaker identification | ||
| · | interactive question and answer format | ||
| · | participant muting | ||
| · | automated dial–out to late participants | ||
| Attachments. Distribution of electronic meeting materials. | · | distribution and notification of meeting materials, including electronic documents, prerecorded voice or video and Internet hyperlinks | |
| · | access before, during or after meeting | ||
| · | automatic forwarding by e–mail or fax | ||
| · | access to materials via the web, by e–mail or by fax | ||
| Recording. Recording, storage and playback of conferences. | · | on/off control during conference | |
| · | automatic posting for playback | ||
| · | password or profile controlled access | ||
| · | access through telephone, downloaded audio file or streaming audio using RealAudio over the web | ||
| System Administration. Tools for management of MeetingPlace by system administrators. | · | remote administration via Internet protocol–based network (e.g., Internet) | |
| · | help desk monitoring via standard simple network management protocol, or SNMP, applications | ||
| · | configuration, user profile management, capacity planning, internal billback and automated backups through MeetingTime software | ||
| · | system reporting capability |
We license technology that is incorporated into our products from third parties, including digital signal processing algorithms and the MeetingPlace server’s operating system and relational database. See “Factors Affecting Future Operating Results—The loss of our right to use technology licensed to us by third parties could harm our business.” Software and hardware products as complex as ours are likely to contain undetected errors or defects. See “Factors Affecting Future Operating Results—Our products may suffer from defects, errors or breaches of security.”
Consulting and Support Services
In addition to our MeetingPlace hardware and software offerings, we provide extensive follow–on consulting and support services to our customers to ensure successful deployment of MeetingPlace in their organizations. We offer implementation and integration services on an individual engagement basis, and full care support and managed services on an ongoing recurring basis.
Implementation Services. Implementation services include turnkey project management, database design, specific business application development, training and on–site installation. These services target seamless integration with a wide variety of telephone systems, local area network configurations, web servers and messaging systems.
Integration Services. Integration services include customization of web interfaces to MeetingPlace, custom programming of telephone access menus through the MeetingPlace Flex Menu Option, custom reporting and billing, integration of MeetingPlace into non–standard voice or data networking infrastructures and advanced application support and training. These services are designed for customers with special application or integration needs.
Full Care Support. Full care support is an annual or multi–year service plan that provides telephone–based technical support to system managers. In addition, participating customers receive a software subscription service for new releases, access to a standby conference server and onsite hardware maintenance.
Managed Services. Managed services are designed for customers that desire on–site MeetingPlace systems but wish to outsource MeetingPlace’s administration and management. Managed services include all user profile management, help desk support, rollout, capacity planning, technical support and monthly usage reporting.
We expect to further expand this suite of services during 2001 to include a hosted service enabling customers to realize the benefits of MeetingPlace without having to physically locate MeetingPlace Conference Servers on their premises.
Technology
MeetingPlace incorporates a wide variety of internally developed and third party licensed technologies. Key aspects of our technology platform include:
High–performance digital signal processing engine. To meet the needs of a highly scalable conferencing system, we designed our own general purpose digital signal processing card based on a reduced instruction set computing, or RISC, microprocessor and programmable Texas Instruments digital signal processing chips. MeetingPlace configurations can contain up to four digital signal processing cards to deliver up to five billion instructions per second of processing power in a single server. Our software leverages the power of these digital signal processing cards to provide high quality conference bridging that integrates digital signal processing algorithms for echo cancellation, automatic gain control, background noise suppression, voice compression, and speaker and dial tone detection.
Conference scheduling engine. A sophisticated conference scheduling engine efficiently allocates MeetingPlace system resources, including conference licenses, access ports, recording space and meeting identification numbers. The scheduling agent utilizes a structured query language, or SQL, relational database to manage transactions originating internally or externally from either the voice or data network. The software allows for sufficient flexibility to encompass real–world scenarios including early arrivals, unexpected participants, conference no–shows and meetings that run over their scheduled times.
Conference recording and playback. To record and play back conferences, MeetingPlace enables voice compression and decompression in addition to a proprietary voice file system.
Robust server software architecture. MeetingPlace utilizes a robust set of internally developed application programming interfaces, or APIs, that are designed to integrate with a variety of external applications, including web servers, e–mail systems and fax servers.
Distributed network architecture. MeetingPlace enables the centralized administration and management of multiple servers distributed over an enterprise’s local or wide area network. The system also incorporates an internal database replication engine, system–wide redundancy for MeetingPlace network servers and fault tolerance to network outages.
To be successful, we will need to develop and introduce new products that respond to technological changes or evolving industry standards in a timely manner and on a cost–effective basis. In addition, we will need to integrate our products with our customers’ networks and enterprise applications on an ongoing basis. Furthermore, any significant interruption in the supply or support of any licensed software incorporated in our products could adversely affect our sales. See “Factors Affecting Future Operating Results—Rapid technological changes could cause our products to become obsolete or require us to redesign our products,” “—If we fail to integrate our products with third-party technology, our sales could suffer” and “—The loss of our right to use technology licensed to us by third parties could harm our business.”
Customers
We began commercial shipment of our products in December 1994 and, as of December 31, 2000, had over 325 customers. Our typical customers are medium to large businesses with geographically diverse employees, suppliers, customers and other constituents. In addition to enterprise–wide general deployment, customers have purchased and used MeetingPlace for a variety of specific business applications, including crisis management, training and education, customer and client services, supply chain management and merger integration. Furthermore, over 60% of our existing customers have purchased additional products or services after their initial system installations. The following is a representative list of our customers that have purchased MeetingPlace:
|
High
Technology
|
|
|
| Software | Hardware | Networking and |
| Adobe Systems, Inc. | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Telecommunications |
| America Online, Inc. | Apple Computer, Inc. | 3Com Corporation |
| Cadence Design Systems, Inc. | Fujitsu Limited | Aspect Communications Corporation |
| Edify Corporation | Hewlett–Packard Company | Bell Atlantic Corporation |
| Enterprise Systems, Inc. | Honeywell Inc. | Ciena Corporation |
| Great Plains Software, Inc. | Hutchinson Technology Inc. | Cisco Systems, Inc. |
| Informix Corporation | Motorola, Inc. | Group Telecom |
| Intuit, Inc. | Natural Microsystems Corporation | Genuity, Inc. |
| Microsoft Corporation | Quantum Corporation | Norstan Inc. |
| NetManage, Inc. | Rockwell International Corporation | Tellabs, Inc. |
| Network Associates, Inc. | Seagate Technology, Inc. | |
| Oracle Corporation | ||
| Parametric Technologies, Inc. | ||
| PeopleSoft, Inc. | ||
| Qualcomm Inc. | ||
| SAP America, Inc. | ||
|
Financial
Services
|
|
|
| Investment Banking | Insurance | Other Financial Services |
| Banc of America Securities | Aetna Inc. | Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. |
| Charles Schwab & Company | American International Group, Inc. | Capital Group Companies Inc. |
| Credit Suisse First Boston | CNA Financial Corporation | Conseco, Inc. |
| Corporation | CUNA Mutual Group | Fidelity Investments |
| Dain Rauscher Wessels | John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance | Franklin Templeton |
| J.C. Bradford & Co. | Company | Instinet Corp. |
| Morgan Stanley Dean Witter | State Farm Insurance | ProBusiness |
| & Co. | Southwest Securities Group, Inc. | |
| Prudential Securities | Commercial Banking | The Vanguard Group |
| Incorporated | ABN AMRO Bank NV | |
| Robertson Stephens, Inc. | Bank of America | |
| SG Cowen Securities | Barclays | |
| Corporation | FleetBoston Financial | |
| UBS AG | Compass Bank | |
| Life Savings Bank | ||
| KeyCorp | ||
| Northern Trust Bank | ||
| STAR Financial Bank | ||
|
Other
Industry Sectors
|
|
|
| Professional Services | Transportation | Retail |
| Accenture | Air Canada | Best Buy Co., Inc. |
| Automatic Data Processing, Inc. | CSX Corp. | Kinko’s, Inc. |
| A.T. Kearney, Inc. | Budget Rent a Car Corporation | Pier 1 Imports, Inc. |
| The Boston Consulting Group, Inc. | Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corp. | Rite Aid Corporation |
| Cambridge Technology Partners, Inc. | Union Pacific Corp. | Weight Watchers International, Inc. |
| Deloitte & Touche, LLP | Webvan Group, Inc. | |
| Electronic Data Systems, Corp. | ||
| Gartner Group, Inc. | ||
| International Data Corporation | ||
| META Group, Inc. | ||
| Government | Healthcare | Education |
| U.S. Federal Reserve Bank | Blue Shield of California | California State University |
| NASA | Cardinal Health, Inc. | The Ohio State University |
| U.S. Court of Appeals | Kaiser Permanente | Rio Salado College |
| Social Security Administration | Merck-Medco Managed Care, LLC | University of Illinois |
| State of Alaska | University of Texas | |
| State of New Mexico |
No single customer accounted for more than 10% of our total revenues in 2000 or 1999. The inclusion of the names of our customers in the table above and in the discussion below is not intended to imply that these customers are actively endorsing or promoting our products and services.
Marketing and Sales
Marketing. To create awareness, market demand and sales opportunities for our products, we engage in a number of marketing activities which include public relations activities with trade and business press, exhibiting products and applications at industry trade shows and on our web site, direct marketing, advertising in selected publications aimed at targeted markets and distribution of sales literature, technical specifications and documentation. Our marketing efforts focus on educating the significant influencers within enterprises, targeting IT executives and IT managers to build a business case and closing on initial deployment applications. In addition, we cultivate relationships with major network and telecommunications equipment providers, and we intend to engage in co–marketing activities with enterprise software providers.
Sales. Our distribution strategy is to sell our products and services to medium to large businesses with geographically dispersed employees, suppliers, customers and other constituents. We employ a direct sales force in the United States as our primary distribution channel to market to these enterprises. As of December 31, 2000, our direct sales force consisted of 64 sales representatives located in 23 cities. Latitude uses a consultative sales approach working closely with customers to understand and define their needs and to determine how they can be addressed by our products and services. This strategy continues after the initial product implementation, the successful completion of which is typically a prerequisite to full scale deployment. While the sales cycle varies from customer to customer, it typically lasts between six and nine months. See “Factors Affecting Future Operating Results—Our sales cycle is lengthy and unpredictable.”
In addition to our direct sales force in the United States, the United Kingdom and Singapore, we use indirect channels to extend our marketing effort. Traditionally, our indirect channels have included resellers that target specific geographic regions and vertical markets, as well as usage–based resellers who offer access to MeetingPlace services on a per–minute basis. During 2000, we also increased our reseller focus on global strategic accounts, small to mid-sized companies through the application service provider channel, and the federal government. As of December 31, 2000, we had seven domestic resellers and four international resellers. We intend to continue to grow our reseller channels. See “Factors Affecting Future Operating Results—If we fail to expand our sales and distribution channels, our business could suffer” and “—Our ability to expand into international markets is uncertain.”
Competition
We compete in a market that is highly competitive and rapidly changing. We expect competition to persist and intensify in the future. We believe the principal competitive factors in our market include, or are likely to include, overall cost of conferencing, product performance and features such as the ability to integrate voice and data, reliability, ease of use, size of customer base, quality of service and technical support, sales and distribution capabilities and strength of brand name. A description of our principal competitors and the risks associated with the competitive nature of our market are discussed in greater detail in “Factors Affecting Future Operating Results—Our market is highly competitive.”
We cannot be certain that we will be able to compete successfully with existing or new competitors. If we fail to compete successfully against current or future competitors, our business could suffer.
Patents and Intellectual Property Rights
Our success is heavily dependent upon protecting our proprietary technology. We rely primarily on a combination of patents, copyright, trademark, trade secrets, non–disclosure agreements and other contractual provisions to protect our proprietary rights. As of December 31, 2000, we had four issued U.S. patents relating to voice processing interfaces, recording and retrieval of audio conferences, and graphical computer interfaces for teleconference systems. We cannot be certain that these patents will provide us with any competitive advantages or will not be challenged, invalidated or circumvented by third parties or that the patents of others will not have an adverse effect on our ability to do business. A discussion of risks associated with the protection of our patents and intellectual property rights and potential infringement by us of the patents and intellectual property rights of others is presented in “Factors Affecting Future Operating Results—We may be unable to adequately protect our proprietary rights, and we may be subject to infringement claims.”
Manufacturing
We currently outsource the manufacturing of all of the subassemblies and components of the MeetingPlace server to third parties. This strategy allows us to reduce costly investment in manufacturing capital and to leverage the expertise of our vendors. Our manufacturing operation consists primarily of final assembly and testing of fully–configured MeetingPlace servers. Some of the components and parts used in our products are procured from sole sources, including the processor and digital signal processing device used in our MeetingPlace server. We typically obtain components from only one vendor even where multiple sources are available, to maintain quality control and enhance the working relationship with suppliers. These purchases are made under existing contracts or purchase orders. The failure of any sole source suppliers to deliver on schedule could delay or interrupt our delivery of products and adversely affect our business. See “Factors Affecting Future Operating Results—Any interruption in supply of components from outside manufacturers and suppliers could hinder our ability to ship products in a timely manner.”
Employees
As of December 31, 2000, we had a total of 212 employees, of which 35 were in research and development, 144 were in sales, marketing and customer support, and 33 were in finance, administration and operations. Our future performance depends in significant part upon our ability to attract new personnel and the continued service of existing personnel in key areas including engineering, technical support and sales. Competition for qualified personnel is intense and there can be no assurance that we will be successful in attracting or retaining employees in the future. None of our employees are subject to a collective bargaining agreement. We consider our relations with our employees to be good. See “Factors Affecting Future Operating Results—We may experience difficulties managing our expected growth” and “—Our business could suffer if we lose the services of our current management team.”
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.
We lease approximately 51,000 square feet for our headquarters facility in Santa Clara, California. The current lease for the Santa Clara facility expires in December 2005. We also lease space at seventeen other locations in the U.S. and three internationally.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
We are not currently a party to any material legal proceedings.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
Not applicable.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
Latitude Communications made its initial public offering on May 6, 1999. Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol LATD. The following table sets forth for the fiscal periods indicated the high and low sales prices per share of our common stock as reported on the Nasdaq National Market.
|
Fiscal 2000
|
High
|
Low
|
| First Quarter | $32.25 | $17.00 |
| Second Quarter | $25.94 | $8.63 |
| Third Quarter | $11.75 | $4.56 |
| Fourth Quarter | $7.78 | $3.53 |
|
Fiscal 1999
|
High
|
Low
|
| Second Quarter | $19.50 | $10.44 |
| Third Quarter | $36.13 | $11.50 |
| Fourth Quarter | $34.63 | $21.75 |
As of February 28, 2001, there were approximately 130 holders of record of our common stock. We believe that a significant number of beneficial owners of our common stock hold shares in street name.
We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain any future earnings to fund the development and growth of our business. Therefore, we do not currently anticipate paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future.
On May 6, 1999, in connection with the Company's initial public offering, a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-72935) was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission, pursuant to which 3,125,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock were offered and sold for the account of the Company at a price of $12.00 per share, generating gross offering proceeds of $37.5 million. The managing underwriters were Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation, Hambrecht & Quist LLC and Dain Rauscher Wessels. After deducting approximately $2.6 million in underwriting discounts and $1.1 million in other related expenses, the net proceeds of the offering were approximately $33.8 million. No direct or indirect payments were made to officers or directors or holders of ten percent or more of any class of equity securities of the Company or any of their affiliates. The Company has not yet used any of the funds from the initial public offering, and the $33.8 million has been invested in investment grade, interest bearing securities. The Company intends to use such remaining proceeds for capital expenditures, including the acquisition of redundant computer and communication systems, and for general corporate purposes, including working capital to fund increased accounts receivable and inventory levels.
ITEM 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA.
The tables that follow present portions of our consolidated financial statements and are not complete. You should read the following selected financial data in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes to these financial statements and with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this annual report on Form 10-K. The historical results presented below are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any future fiscal year.
Five-Year Summary
|
Years Ended December 31,
|
|||||
|
2000
|
1999
|
1998
|
1997
|
1996
|
|
| (In thousands, except per share data) | |||||
| Consolidated Statement of Operations Data: | |||||
| Revenue: | |||||
| Product | $29,356 | $23,765 | $16,506 | $10,620 | $5,103 |
| Service |
14,075
|
9,277
|
4,545
|
2,312
|
943
|
| Total revenue |
43,431
|
33,042
|
21,051
|
12,932
|
6,046
|
| Cost of revenue: | |||||
| Product | 4,978 | 4,036 | 3,182 | 2,158 | 1,146 |
| Service |
7,455
|
4,890
|
2,822
|
1,805
|
1,023
|
| Total cost of revenue |
12,433
|
8,926
|
6,004
|
3,963
|
2,169
|
| Gross profit |
30,998
|
24,116
|
15,047
|
8,969
|
3,877
|
| Operating expenses: | |||||
| Research and development | 6,339 | 4,131 | 2,638 | 2,213 | 2,466 |
| Marketing and sales | 20,077 | 14,992 | 9,859 | 7,845 | 4,644 |
| General and administrative |
4,152
|
2,563
|
1,772
|
1,117
|
1,157
|
| Total operating expenses |
30,568
|
21,686
|
14,269
|
11,175
|
8,267
|
| Income (loss) from operations | 430 | 2,430 | 778 | (2,206) | (4,390) |
| Interest income (expense), net |
2,408
|
1,218
|
(41)
|
(23)
|
138
|
| Income (loss) before benefit from (provision for) income tax | 2,838 | 3,648 | 737 | (2,229) | (4,252) |
| Benefit from (provision for) income tax |
(1,179)
|
3,724
|
(34)
|
—
|
—
|
| Net income (loss) |
$1,659
|
$7,372
|
$703
|
$(2,229)
|
$(4,252)
|
| Net income (loss) per share—basic |
$0.09
|
$0.56
|
$0.21
|
$(0.78)
|
$(2.02)
|
| Shares used in per share calculation—basic |
18,702
|
13,164
|
3,279
|
2,850
|
2,110
|
| Net income (loss) per share—diluted |
$0.08
|
$0.39
|
$0.04
|
$(0.78)
|
$(2.02)
|
| Shares used in per share calculation—diluted |
19,969
|
18,783
|
16,422
|
2,850
|
2,110
|
| Non-cash stock-based compensation included in the above expenses: | |||||
| Cost of revenue – service | $26 | $83 | $47 | — | — |
| Research and development | 76 | 78 | 31 | — | — |
| Marketing and sales | 86 | 272 | 115 | — | — |
| General and administrative |
264
|
319
|
106
|
$2
|
—
|
|
$452
|
$752
|
$299
|
$2
|
—
|
|
|
December
31,
|
|||||
|
2000
|
1999
|
1998
|
1997
|
1996
|
|
| (In thousands) | |||||
| Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: | |||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $23,993 | $10,847 | $3,982 | $3,578 | $5,664 |
| Working capital | 44,235 | 44,771 | 4,470 | 3,501 | 5,655 |
| Total assets | 63,158 | 60,054 | 11,870 | 7,715 | 8,680 |
| Long-term obligations | 106 | 453 | 838 | 757 | 760 |
| Total stockholders’ equity | 51,816 | 48,111 | 4,785 | 3,748 | 5,906 |
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
Certain Forward–Looking Information
This section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K includes a number of forward-looking statements that reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. We use words such as "anticipates," "believes," "expects," "future," and "intends," and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which apply only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical results or our predictions. These risks are described in " Factors Affecting Future Operating Results " and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Overview
We are a leading provider of enterprise e-conferencing solutions that enable geographically dispersed organizations to collaborate in real time. The company's award-winning MeetingPlace system is designed for enterprise-wide deployment to improve the ability of employees, partners, and customers to meet and work. With MeetingPlace, participants can schedule and attend a meeting, view, share and edit documents, and capture and retrieve meeting content. MeetingPlace is designed to be an enterprise–wide resource and to leverage existing technologies such as telephones, cellular phones and personal computers.
We were incorporated in April 1993. From inception until December 1994, our operations consisted primarily of basic start–up activities, such as research and development and recruiting personnel. We first recognized revenue from product sales in December 1994 and generated revenue of $43.4 million, $33.0 million and $21.1 million in 2000, 1999 and 1998. We generated net income of $1.7 million in 2000, $7.4 million in 1999, and $703,000 in 1998. The net income in 1999 included the effect of a one-time deferred tax benefit of $3.7 million due to the recognition of our deferred tax asset. As of December 31, 2000, we had an accumulated deficit since inception of $5.3 million. We cannot assure you that our revenues will continue to grow or that we will maintain profitability in the future.
We generate revenue from sales of our MeetingPlace products and from customer support and consulting services. Revenue derived from product sales constituted 68%, 72% and 78% of our total revenue in 2000, 1999 and 1998. Product revenue is generally recognized upon shipment if a signed contract exists, the fee is fixed and determinable, collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured, product returns are reasonably estimable and, if applicable, acceptance has been obtained. We calculate an allowance for returns based on historical rates. Service revenue includes revenue from implementation and integration services, system management services, warranty coverage and customer support. Revenue from implementation and system integration services is recognized as the services are performed, while revenue from system management services, warranty coverage and customer support is recognized ratably over the period of the contract. Beginning in 2001, we expect to expand our service offerings by providing hosted services to our customers. Accordingly, future revenue from this new service offering will increase the proportion of total revenue derived from services. To the extent that prospective customers elect to purchase the hosted service rather than an on-premises MeetingPlace system, our product revenue could be adversely affected.
We sell our MeetingPlace products primarily through our direct sales force and, to a lesser extent, through indirect distribution channels. The majority of our revenue is derived from Fortune 1000 companies, many of which initially purchase MeetingPlace servers and later expand deployment of our products as they require additional capacity for voice and web conferencing. In 1997, we expanded into international markets by opening a sales and support office in the United Kingdom and establishing distributor relationships in Hong Kong and Singapore, and in 1998, we established a distributor relationship in Australia. While we intend to increase sales through indirect channels and internationally, we cannot assure you that we will be successful. In 1998, we expanded the breadth of our support services by establishing a consulting services group to provide expanded implementation services, system management services and customized project consulting. In 1999, we opened a sales and support office in Singapore. In addition, in 1999 and 2000, we increased our distribution partners to include global partnerships, application service providers and partners focused on the U.S. federal government
Total cost of revenue consists of component and materials costs, direct labor costs, warranty costs, royalties and overhead related to manufacturing of our products, as well as materials, travel and labor costs related to personnel engaged in our service operations. Product gross margin is impacted by the proportion of product revenue derived from software sales, which typically carry higher margins than hardware sales, and from indirect distribution channels, which typically carry lower margins than direct sales. Service gross margin is impacted by the mix of services we provide, which have different levels of profitability, and the efficiency with which we provide full care support to our customers. We record an allowance for excess and obsolete inventory by identifying inventory components either considered excess based on estimates of future usage or obsolete due to changes in our products. As a result of technological changes, our products may become obsolete or we could be required to redesign our products.
Results of Operations
The following table lists, for the periods indicated, the percentage of total revenue of each line item:
|
Years
Ended December 31,
|
|||
|
2000
|
1999
|
1998
|
|
| As a Percentage of Total Revenue: | |||
| Revenue: | |||
| Product | 67.6% | 71.9% | 78.4% |
| Service |
32.4
|
28.1
|
21.6
|
| Total revenue | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
| Cost of revenue: | |||
| Product | 11.5 | 12.2 | 15.1 |
| Service |
17.1
|
14.8
|
13.4
|
| Total cost of revenue |
28.6
|
27.0
|
28.5
|
| Gross profit |
71.4
|
73.0
|
71.5
|
| Operating expenses: | |||
| Research and development | 14.6 | 12.5 | 12.5 |
| Marketing and sales | 46.2 | 45.4 | 46.8 |
| General and administrative |
9.6
|
7.8
|
8.5
|
| Total operating expenses | 70.4 | 65.7 | 67.8 |
| Income from operations | 1.0 | 7.3 | 3.7 |
| Interest income (expense), net |
5.5
|
3.7
|
(0.2)
|
| Income before benefit from (provision for) income tax | 6.5 | 11.0 | 3.5 |
| Benefit from (provision for) income tax |
(2.7)
|
11.3
|
(0.2)
|
| Net income |
3.8%
|
22.3%
|
3.3%
|
Product Revenue
Product revenue was $29.4 million in 2000, $23.8 million in 1999 and $16.5 million in 1998. Product revenue increased 24% from 1999 to 2000 and 44% from 1998 to 1999. The increases in product revenue were due primarily to increased sales of our MeetingPlace products domestically to new customers, increased sales of additional products and features to existing customers, and, to a lesser extent, increased international sales. International sales represented 8%, 8% and 7% of product revenue in 2000, 1999 and 1998.
An allowance for potential sales returns is recorded upon shipment. At the end of each period, the allowance is adjusted based on our product return experience and for changes in the range of per system sales prices of systems shipped. As a result of this analysis, we believe that our allowance for potential sales returns of $154,000 at December 31, 2000 and $313,000 at December 31, 1999, was adequate but not excessive based on the historical experience and per system sales prices, software upgrade sales returns and outstanding accounts receivable balances. Our sales returns to date have approximated our estimated allowance for returns.
Service Revenue
Service revenue was $14.1 million in 2000, $9.3 million in 1999 and $4.5 million in 1998. Service revenue increased 52% from 1999 to 2000 and 104% from 1998 to 1999. The increases in service revenue were attributable primarily to growth in our customer base during these periods, which led to increased sales of full care support services, as well as to the introduction of additional consulting services such as managed services and expanded implementation and integration services.
Total Cost of Revenue
Total cost of revenue was $12.4 million in 2000, $8.9 million in 1999 and $6.0 million in 1998. Total cost of revenue increased 39% from 1999 to 2000 and 49% from 1998 to 1999. The increases in total cost of revenue were attributable primarily to increased sales of our MeetingPlace products and related services, as well as the increased size of our services staff and the costs of providing services to support an increasingly geographically dispersed customer base. Gross margin declined to 71% in 2000, from 73% in 1999 and 72% in 1998. The decline in gross margin from 1999 to 2000 is attributable primarily to increased sales through distribution channels. The increase in gross margin from 1998 to 1999 is attributable primarily to increased economies of scale resulting from increased product and service revenue, as well as to increased sales of MeetingPlace software and enhanced features to existing customers. On a forward–looking basis, we anticipate that gross margins may continue to decline as the proportions of revenue derived from sales made through distributors are expected to increase as percentages of total revenue.
Product gross margin in 2000, 1999 and 1998 was 83%, 83% and 81%. We expect product gross margin to decrease over time due in part to anticipated pricing pressure and an expected increase in the proportion of revenue derived from expanded services.
An allowance for excess and obsolete inventory is recorded at the end of each period based on an analysis of inventory on hand, considering forecasted usage and whether component parts are useable in our current product and whether finished goods are versions of our product for which demand is forecasted. As a result of this analysis, we believe that our allowance for excess and obsolete inventory of $444,000 at December 31, 2000 and $353,000 at December 31, 1999 was adequate but not excessive based on the specific identification of excess or obsolete inventory.
Service gross margin in 2000, 1999 and 1998 was 47%, 47% and 38%. We expect service gross margin to decline over time as a result of increasing costs of service combined with changes in the mix of our service based offerings.
Research and Development Expenses
The table below sets forth gross research and development expenses, capitalized internal software development costs and net research and development expenses in dollar amounts and as a percentage of total revenue for the periods indicated (in thousands):
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|||
|
2000
|
1999
|
1998
|
|
| Gross research and development expenses | $6,957 | $4,239 | $2,638 |
| Capitalized internal software development costs |
(618)
|
(108)
|
—
|
| Net research and development expenses |
$6,339
|
$4,131
|
$2,638
|
| As a percentage of total revenue: | |||
| Gross research and development expenses | 16% | 13% | 13% |
| Net research and development expenses | 15% | 13% | 13% |
Net research and development expenses increased 53% from 1999 to 2000 and 57% from 1998 to 1999. The increases are attributable primarily to the addition of personnel in our research and development organization associated with product development, combined with expenses associated with technology licensed from third parties.
Marketing and Sales Expenses
Marketing and sales expenses were $20.0 million in 2000, $15.0 million in 1999 and $9.9 million in 1998. Marketing and sales expenses increased 34% from 1999 to 2000 and 52% from 1998 to 1999. The increases reflected the addition of personnel in our sales and marketing organizations, as well as costs associated with increased selling efforts to develop market awareness of our products and services. Marketing and sales expenses were 46%, 45% and 47% of total revenue for 2000, 1999 and 1998.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses were $4.2 million in 2000, $2.6 million in 1999 and $1.8 million in 1998. General and administrative expenses increased 62% from 1999 to 2000 and 45% from 1998 to 1999. General and administrative expenses increased primarily due to the addition of personnel performing general and administrative functions as a public company. General and administrative expenses were 10%, 8% and 9% of total revenue for 2000, 1999 and 1998.
We record an allowance for doubtful accounts for credit losses at the end of each period based on an analysis of individual aged accounts receivable balances. As a result of this analysis, we believe that our allowance for doubtful accounts of $126,000 at December 31, 2000 and $238,000 at December 31, 1999 was adequate but not excessive based on specific aged account balances identified with collection risk.
Amortization of Deferred Stock Compensation
Total deferred stock compensation related to grants of stock options was $90,000 in 1999 and $2.3 million in 1998. Of the total deferred stock compensation, approximately $452,000 was amortized in 2000, $752,000 was amortized in 1999 and $299,000 was amortized in 1998.
Interest Income (Expense), Net
In 2000 and 1999, we had net interest income of approximately $2.4 million and $1.2 million, while in 1998, we incurred net interest expense of approximately $41,000. The increase in net interest income from 1999 to 2000 is due to the interest earned on our portfolio of marketable securities and our cash and cash equivalents balances which have increased due to the proceeds from our initial public offering in May 1999 as well as cash generated from operations.
Income Taxes
In 2000, we had a net provision for income taxes of $1.2 million. In 1999, we had a net benefit from income taxes of $3.7 million. The benefit was due primarily to the recognition of our deferred tax assets of $4.4 million, offset by income tax expense of approximately $700,000. In 1998, the provision for income tax was approximately $34,000. In 1998 , we provided a valuation allowance against our deferred tax asset due to the uncertainty surrounding the realization of these assets. During the fourth quarter of 1999, the Company recognized its deferred tax assets as it determined that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets were realizable based primarily on its operating results in 1999 and 1998.
From inception through 1997, we incurred net losses for federal and state tax purposes and did not recognize any tax provision or benefit during this period. As of December 31, 2000, we had $4.1 million of federal and $1.9 million of state net operating loss carryforwards to offset future taxable income. These carryforwards, if not utilized, expire in 2001 through 2020. As of December 31, 2000, we had approximately $942,000 of federal and $626,000 of state carryforwards for research and development and other credits. These carryforwards, if not utilized, expire in 2002 through 2020. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 limits the use of net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards where there is an ownership change. Under the Tax Reform Act of 1986, the determination of whether an ownership change occurs involves a highly complex calculation; however, an ownership change generally occurs when over 50% in value of a company’s stock is transferred in transactions involving 5% stockholders during a given period. If we should have an ownership change, our utilization of these carryforwards could be restricted.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
In May 1999, we completed an initial public offering of common stock, resulting in net proceeds to us of approximately $33.8 million. As of December 31, 2000, we had $40.5 million of cash, cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments, which represented 64% of total assets.
Cash provided by operating activities was $491,000 in 2000, compared to $6.3 million in 1999. Cash provided by operating activities in 2000 was lower than 1999 primarily due to decreased net income during the period and an increase in working capital.
Cash provided by investing activities in 2000 was $11.7 million, which consisted primarily of the net maturities of available for sale securities of $15.2 million, partially offset by the purchase of property and equipment of $3.2 million. In 1999, cash used in investing activities of $34.4 million consisted primarily of the net purchase of available for sale securities of $31.7 million and purchase of property and equipment of $2.6 million.
Cash provided by financing activities in 2000 of $938,000 consisted primarily of proceeds from the issuance of common stock of $1.4 million, partially offset by payments on obligations under capital leases and notes payable. In 1999, cash provided by financing activities of $34.9 million consisted primarily of proceeds from our initial public stock offering of $33.8 million.
We believe that our current cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." SFAS No. 133 establishes a new model for accounting for derivatives and hedging activities and supercedes and amends a number of existing accounting standards. SFAS No. 133 requires that all derivatives be recognized in the balance sheet at their fair market value and the corresponding derivative gains or losses be either reported in the statement of operations or as a deferred item depending on the type of hedge relationship that exists with respect to any derivatives. In July 1999, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 137, "Accounting for Derivatives Instruments and Hedging Activities - Deferral of Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 133." SFAS No. 137 deferred the effective date until fiscal years commencing after June 30, 2000. In June 2000, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 138, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133." SFAS 138 amends the accounting and reporting standards for certain derivatives and hedging activities such as net settlement contracts, foreign currency transactions and intercompany derivatives. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 133 in its quarter ending March 31, 2001. To date, the Company has not engaged in derivative or hedging activities. The Company does not believe that the pronouncement will have a material impact on its financial condition or results of operations as currently conducted.
Factors Affecting Future Operating Results
In addition to the other information in this Annual Report, the following factors should be considered carefully in evaluating the Company's business and prospects:
Our future profitability is uncertain due to our limited operating history.
We have a limited operating history and cannot assure you that our revenue will continue to grow or that we will be profitable or will maintain profitability in the future. Our financial statements must be considered in light of the risks and uncertainties encountered by companies in the early stages of development. We rely substantially on sales of our MeetingPlace products, which have limited market acceptance.
Recent economic developments have caused many companies to reduce headcount and overhead expenses and to reconsider or delay capital expenditures. This may have an adverse effect on our ability to continue to grow revenue.
In addition, we are unable to predict our future product development, sales and marketing, and administrative expenses. To the extent that these expenses increase, we will need to increase revenue to sustain profitability. Our ability to increase revenue and sustain profitability also depends on the other risk factors described in this section.
Our operating results may fluctuate significantly.
Our operating results are difficult to predict. Our future quarterly operating results may fluctuate and may not meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors. If this occurs, the price of our common stock would likely decline. The factors that may cause fluctuations of our operating results include the following:
| · | changes in our mix of revenues generated from product sales and services; |
| · | changes by existing customers in their levels of purchases of our products and services; |
| · | changes in our mix of sales channels through which our products and services are sold; and |
| · | changes in our mix of domestic and international sales. |
Additionally, beginning in 2001, we expect to expand our service offerings by providing hosted services to our customers. Accordingly, future revenue from this new service offering will increase the proportion of total revenue derived from services. To the extent that prospective customers elect to purchase the hosted service rather than an on-premises MeetingPlace system, our product revenue could be adversely affected.
Orders at the beginning of each quarter typically do not equal expected revenue for that quarter. In addition, a significant portion of our orders are received in the last month of each fiscal quarter. If we fail to ship products by the end of a quarter in which the order is received, or if our prospective customers delay their orders or delivery schedules until the following quarter, we may fail to meet our revenue objectives.
Our market is highly competitive.
Because of intense market competition, we may not be successful. Currently, our principal competitors include:
| · | major telecommunications carriers that operate service bureaus for voice conferencing, such as AT&T Corp., MCI Worldcom, Inc. and Sprint Corporation; |
| · | private branch exchange, or PBX, vendors that sell systems with voice conferencing capabilities, such as Lucent Technologies Inc. and Nortel Networks; and |
| · | smaller companies that offer web–based voice and data conferencing products. |
Many of these companies have longer operating histories, stronger brand names and significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do. These companies also may have existing relationships with many of our prospective customers. In addition, these companies may be able to respond more quickly than we can to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements.
In addition, we expect competition to persist and intensify in the future which could adversely affect our ability to increase sales, penetrate new markets and maintain average selling prices. In the future, we may experience competition from potential competitors that include:
| · | networking companies, such as Cisco Systems, Inc., 3Com Corporation, Lucent Technologies Inc. and Nortel Networks that are focusing on enabling the transmission of voice over the Internet and that may offer voice and data conferencing functionality; and |
| · | collaborative software providers, such as Microsoft Corporation and Lotus Development Corporation, that are focusing on data conferencing products and that may in the future incorporate voice conferencing functionality into their products. |
Our market is in an early stage of development, and our products may not be adopted.
If the market for our integrated voice and web conferencing products fails to grow or grows more slowly than we anticipate, we may not be able to increase revenues or remain profitable. The market for integrated real–time voice and web conferencing is relatively new and rapidly evolving. Our ability to remain profitable depends in large part on the widespread adoption by end users of real–time voice and web conferencing.
Rapid technological changes could cause our products to become obsolete or require us to redesign our products.
The market in which we compete is characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product introductions, changes in customer requirements and emerging industry standards. In particular, we expect that the growth of the Internet and Internet–based telephony applications, as well as general technology trends such as migrations to new operating systems, will require us to adapt our product to remain competitive. This adaptation could be costly and time–consuming. Our products could become obsolete and unmarketable if products using new technologies are introduced and new industry standards emerge. For example, the widespread acceptance of competing technologies, such as video conferencing and the transmission of voice over the Internet, could diminish demand for our current products. As a result, the life cycle of our products is difficult to estimate.
To be successful, we will need to develop and introduce new products and product enhancements that respond to technological changes or evolving industry standards, such as the transmission of voice over the Internet, in a timely manner and on a cost effective basis. We cannot assure you that we will successfully develop these types of products and product enhancements or that our products will achieve broad market acceptance.
Our sales cycle is lengthy and unpredictable.
Any delay in sales of our products could cause our quarterly revenue and operating results to fluctuate. The typical sales cycle of our products is lengthy, generally between six to nine months, unpredictable, and involves significant investment decisions by prospective customers, as well as our education of potential customers regarding the use and benefits of our products. Furthermore, many of our prospective customers have not budgeted expenses for voice and web conferencing systems and do not have personnel specifically dedicated to procurement and implementation of these conferencing systems. As a result, our customers spend a substantial amount of time before purchasing our products in performing internal reviews and obtaining capital expenditure approvals. We cannot be certain that this cycle will not lengthen in the future. The emerging and evolving nature of the real–time voice and web conferencing market may lead to confusion in the market, which may cause prospective customers to postpone their purchase decisions.
If we fail to expand our sales and distribution channels, our business could suffer.
If we are unable to expand our sales and distribution channels, we may not be able to increase revenue or achieve market acceptance of our MeetingPlace product. We have recently expanded our direct sales force and plan to recruit additional sales personnel. New sales personnel will require training and take time to achieve full productivity, and there is strong competition for qualified sales personnel in our business. In addition, we believe that our future success is dependent upon establishing successful relationships with a variety of distribution partners. To date, we have entered into agreements with only a small number of these distribution partners. We cannot be certain that we will be able to reach agreement with additional distribution partners on a timely basis or at all, or that these distribution partners will devote adequate resources to selling our products. Furthermore, if our distribution partners fail to adequately market or support our products, the reputation of our products in the market may suffer.
In addition, we will need to manage potential conflicts between our direct sales force and third–party reselling efforts.
Our ability to expand into international markets is uncertain.
We intend to continue to expand our operations into new international markets. In addition to general risks associated with international expansion, such as foreign currency fluctuations and political and economic instability, we face the following risks and uncertainties any of which could prevent us from selling our products in a particular country or harm our business operations once we have established operations in that country:
| · | the difficulties and costs of localizing products for foreign markets, including the development of multilingual capabilities in our MeetingPlace system; |
| · | the need to modify our products to comply with local telecommunications certification requirements in each country; and |
| · | our lack of a direct sales presence in other countries, our need to establish relationships with distribution partners to sell our products in these markets and our reliance on the capabilities and performance of these distribution partners. |
If we fail to integrate our products with third–party technology, our sales could suffer.
Our products are designed to integrate with our customers’ data and voice networks, as well as with enterprise applications such as browsers and collaborative software applications. If we are unable to integrate our products with these networks and systems, sales of our products could suffer.
In addition, we may be required to engage in costly and time–consuming redesigns of our products because of technology enhancements or upgrades of these systems. We may not be able to redesign our products or be certain that any of these redesigns will achieve market acceptance. In addition, we will need to continually modify our products as newer versions of the enterprise applications with which our products integrate are introduced. Our ability to do so largely depends on our ability to gain access to the advanced programming interfaces for these applications, and we cannot assure you that we will have access to necessary advanced programming interfaces in the future.
We may experience difficulties managing our expected growth.
Our recent growth has strained, and we expect that any future growth will continue to strain, our management systems and resources, which could hinder our ability to continue to grow in the future. We may also experience difficulties meeting the demand for our products and services. If we are unable to provide training and support for our products, the implementation process will be longer and customer satisfaction may be lower.
We may not be able to install management information and control systems in an efficient and timely manner, and our current or planned personnel, systems, procedures and controls may not be adequate to support our future operations. Competition for qualified personnel in the San Francisco Bay area, as well as other markets in which we recruit, is extremely intense and characterized by rapidly increasing salaries, which may increase our operating expenses or hinder our ability to recruit qualified candidates.
Our business could suffer if we lose the services of our current management team.
Our future success depends on the ability of our management to operate effectively, both individually and as a group. If we were to lose the services of any of these key employees we may encounter difficulties finding qualified personnel to replace them.
The loss of our right to use technology licensed to us by third parties could harm our business.
We license technology that is incorporated into our products from third parties, including digital signal processing algorithms and the MeetingPlace server’s operating system and relational database. Any interruption in the supply or support of any licensed software could disrupt our operations and delay our sales, unless and until we can replace the functionality provided by this licensed software. Because our products incorporate software developed and maintained by third parties, we depend on these third parties to deliver and support reliable products, enhance their current products, develop new products on a timely and cost–effective basis and respond to emerging industry standards and other technological changes.
Any interruption in supply of components from outside manufacturers and suppliers could hinder our ability to ship products in a timely manner.
We rely on third parties to obtain most of the components of the MeetingPlace server and integrate them with other standard components, such as the central processing unit and disk drives. If these third parties are no longer able to supply and assemble these components or are unable to do so in a timely manner, we may experience delays in shipping our products and have to invest resources in finding an alternative manufacturer or manufacture our products internally.
In addition, we obtain key hardware components, including the processors and digital signal processing devices used in the MeetingPlace server, from sole source suppliers. In the past, we have experienced problems in obtaining some of these components in a timely manner from these sources, and we cannot be certain that we will be able to continue to obtain an adequate supply of these components in a timely manner or, if necessary, from alternative sources. If we are unable to obtain sufficient quantities of components or to locate alternative sources of supply, we may experience delays in shipping our products and incur additional costs to find an alternative manufacturer or manufacture our products internally.
Our products may suffer from defects, errors or breaches of security.
Software and hardware products as complex as ours are likely to contain undetected errors or defects, especially when first introduced or when new versions are released. Any errors or defects that are discovered after commercial release could result in loss of revenue or delay in market acceptance, diversion of development resources, damage to our customer relationships or reputation or increased service and warranty cost. Our products may not be free from errors or defects after commercial shipments have begun, and we are aware of instances in which some of our customers have experienced product failures or errors.
Many of our customers conduct confidential conferences, and transmit confidential data, using MeetingPlace. Concerns over the security of information sent over the Internet and the privacy of its users may inhibit the market acceptance of our products. In addition, unauthorized users in the past have gained, and in the future may be able to gain, access to our customers’ MeetingPlace systems. Any compromise of security could deter people from using MeetingPlace and could harm our reputation and business and result in claims against us.
We may be unable to adequately protect our proprietary rights, and we may be subject to infringement claims.
Unauthorized parties may copy aspects of our products and obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary, which could cause our business to suffer. Furthermore, the laws of many foreign countries do not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States.
In the future, we may be subject to legal proceedings and claims for alleged infringement of third party proprietary rights. Any of these claims, even if not meritorious, could result in costly litigation, divert management’s attention and resources, or require us to enter into royalty or license agreements which are not advantageous to us. Parties making these claims may be able to obtain injunctive or other equitable relief, which could prevent us from selling our products.
Dell Computer Corporation has registered the “Latitude” mark for computers in the United States and in other countries. Dell’s United States trademark registration and Canadian application have blocked our ability to register the “Latitude Communications” and “Latitude” with logo marks in the United States and the “Latitude Communications” mark in Canada. Since we believe that we have priority of trade name usage in the United States, we have petitioned to cancel Dell’s United States registration and opposed its Canadian application. The outcome of these proceedings is uncertain. If Dell’s registration for the “Latitude” mark is not canceled or if we are unable to obtain consent from Dell for our registration of our marks, we may not be able to register our marks and would have to rely solely on common law protection for these marks. We cannot assure you that we will be free from challenges of or obstacles to our use or registration of our marks.
We are subject to government regulation, and our failure to comply with these regulations could harm our business.
Our products are subject to a wide variety of safety, emissions and compatibility regulations imposed by governmental authorities in the United States or in other countries in which we sell our products. If we are unable to obtain necessary approvals or maintain compliance with the regulations of any particular jurisdiction, we may be prohibited from selling our products in that territory. In addition, to sell our products in many international markets, we are required to obtain certifications that are specific to the local telephony infrastructure.
Our stock price may be volatile.
We expect that the market price of our common stock will fluctuate as a result of variations in our quarterly operating results. These fluctuations may be exaggerated if the trading volume of our common stock is low. In addition, due to the technology–intensive and emerging nature of our business, the market price of our common stock may rise and fall in response to:
| · | announcements of technological or competitive developments; |
| · | acquisitions or strategic alliances by us or our competitors; or |
| · | the gain or loss by us of significant orders. |
Our executive officers and directors and their affiliates own a large percentage of our voting stock and could control the voting power of the common stock.
Executive officers and directors and their affiliates beneficially own, in the aggregate, a large percentage of our outstanding common stock. As a result, these stockholders are able to exercise control over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership may delay, deter or prevent transactions that would result in the change of control, which in turn could reduce the market price of our common stock.
Future sales of our common stock may depress our stock price.
If our stockholders sell substantial amounts of common stock, including shares issued upon the exercise of outstanding options and warrants, in the public market, the market price of our common stock could fall.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio. We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio. We place our investments with high credit quality issuers and, by policy, limit the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. The portfolio includes only securities with maturities of three to 12 months and with active secondary or resale markets to ensure portfolio liquidity. We have no investments denominated in foreign country currencies and therefore are not subject to foreign currency risk on such investments.
The table below presents principal amounts and related weighted average interest rates by year of maturity for our investment portfolio (in thousands).
|
2001
|
2002
|
Total
|
|
| Certificates of deposit | $3,000 | $— | $3,000 |
| Average interest rate | 6.72% | — | 6.72% |
| Corporate notes and bonds | $11,203 | $— | $11,203 |
| Average interest rate | 7.00% | — | 7.00% |
| U.S. Federal agencies | $— | $2,301 | $2,301 |
| Average interest rate | — | 7.25% | 7.25% |
Currently, the majority of our sales and expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars and, as a result, we have not experienced significant foreign exchange gains and losses to date. While we do expect to effect some transactions in foreign currencies in the next 12 months, we do not anticipate that foreign exchange gains and losses will be significant. We have not engaged in foreign currency hedging activities to date.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
The Company’s consolidated financial statements and the report of independent accountants appear on pages F–1 through F–18 of this report.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
Not applicable.
PART III
Certain information required by Part III is omitted from this report because the Company will file a definitive proxy statement within 120 days after the end of its fiscal year pursuant to Regulation 14A (the “Proxy Statement”) for its annual meeting of stockholders to be held June 7, 2001, and the information included in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE AND REPORTS ON FORM 8–K.
| (a) | The following documents are filed as part of this report: | ||
| (1) | Consolidated Financial Statements and Report of Independent Accountants | ||
| (2) | Financial Statement Schedule | ||
| Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts | |||
| (3) | Exhibits | ||
| 1.1(1) | Form of Underwriting Agreement. | ||
| 3.1(1) | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company. | ||
| 3.3(1) | Bylaws of the Company. | ||
| 4.1(1) | Form of common stock certificate. | ||
| 5.1(1) | Opinion of Venture Law Group, a Professional Corporation. | ||
| 10.1(1) | Form of Indemnification Agreement. | ||
| 10.2(1) | 1993 Stock Plan, as amended, and forms of stock option agreement and restricted stock purchase agreement. | ||
| 10.3(1) | 1999 Stock Plan and forms of stock option agreement and restricted stock purchase agreement. | ||
| 10.4 | 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (as amended) and form of subscription agreement. | ||
| 10.5(2) | 1999 Directors' Stock Option Plan and form of stock option agreement. | ||
| 10.6(1) | Warrant To Purchase Series B Preferred Stock. | ||
| 10.7(1) | Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement dated March 26, 1996. | ||
| 10.8(1) | Lease Agreement dated July 31, 1995 between the Company and the Arrillaga Family Trust and Richard T. Peery Separate Property Trust for offices at 2121 Tasman Drive, Santa Clara, CA and Form of amendment thereto. | ||
| 10.9(1) | Senior Loan and Security Agreement dated September 15, 1994 between the Company and Phoenix Leasing Incorporated and amendments thereto. | ||
| 10.10(1) | Master Equipment Lease dated July 2, 1998 between the Company and Norstan Financial Services, Inc. | ||
| 10.11(1) | 1999 Executive Incentive Plan between the Company and certain executive officers of the Company. | ||
| 10.12(1) | 1999 Executive Bonus Program. | ||
| 21 | Subsidiaries. | ||
| 23.1 | Consent of Independent Accountants. | ||
| 24.1 | Power of Attorney. Reference is made to page 25 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. | ||
| (1) | Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Reg. No. 333-72935) as declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 1999. | |
| (2) | Incorporated by reference to exhibits filed with Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended September 30, 1999. |
(b) Reports on Form 8–K
None.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| Latitude Communications, Inc. | |||
| By: |
/s/ Emil C. W. Wang
|
||
| Emil C. W. Wang | |||
|
|
|||
Date: April 2, 2001
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Emil C. W. Wang and Rick M. McConnell, jointly and severally, his or her attorneys–in–fact, each with the power of substitution, for him or her in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10–K, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys–in–fact, or his or her substitute or substitutes may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
|
Signature
|
Title
|
Date
|
|
/s/
EMIL C. W. WANG
|
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director | April 2, 2001 |
| (Emil C. W. Wang) | (Principal Executive Officer) | |
|
/s/
RICK M. MCCONNELL
|
Vice President of Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | April 2, 2001 |
| (Rick M. McConnell) | ||
|
/s/
THOMAS H. BREDT
|
Director | April 2, 2001 |
| Thomas H. Bredt | ||
|
/s/
ROBERT J. FINOCCHIO, JR.
|
Director | April 2, 2001 |
| Robert J. Finocchio, Jr. | ||
|
/s/ KLAUS-DIETER LAIDIG
|
Director | April 2, 2001 |
| Klaus-Dieter Laidig | ||
|
/s/
F. GIBSON MYERS
|
Director | April 2, 2001 |
| F. Gibson Myers | ||
|
/s/ JAMES PATTERSON
|
Director | April 2, 2001 |
| James Patterson |
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors and
Stockholders of Latitude
Communications, Inc.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the accompanying index present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Latitude Communications, Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2000 and 1999, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2000, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under item 14(a)(2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. These financial statements and the financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management; our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and the financial statement schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America, which require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
San Jose, California
January 19, 2001
LATITUDE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
December
31,
|
||
|
2000
|
1999
|
|
| ASSETS | ||
| Current assets: | ||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $23,993 | $10,847 |
| Short–term investments | 14,203 | 31,611 |
| Accounts receivable, net | 10,044 | 8,006 |
| Inventory | 1,662 | 832 |
| Prepaids and other assets | 2,790 | 1,508 |
| Deferred tax asset |
2,779
|
3,457
|
| Total current assets | 55,471 | 56,261 |
| Property and equipment, net | 4,062 | 2,655 |
| Long-term investments | 2,301 | — |
| Deferred tax asset | 794 | 939 |
| Deposits and other long–term assets |
530
|
199
|
| Total assets |
$63,158
|
$60,054
|
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||
| Current liabilities: | ||
| Accounts payable | $875 | $650 |
| Accrued liabilities | 3,565 | 4,181 |
| Deferred revenue | 6,434 | 6,083 |
| Current portion of long–term debt |
362
|
576
|
| Total current liabilities | 11,236 | 11,490 |
| Long–term debt |
106
|
453
|
| Total liabilities |
11,342
|
11,943
|
| Commitments (Note 5) | ||
| Preferred stock, $0.001 par value: | ||
| Authorized: 5,000 shares in 2000 and 1999 | ||
| Issued and outstanding: no shares in 2000 and 1999 | — | — |
| Common stock, $0.001 par value: | ||
| Authorized: 75,000 shares in 2000 and 1999 | ||
| Issued and outstanding: 19,302 shares in 2000 and 18,950 shares in 1999 | 19 | 19 |
| Additional paid–in capital | 57,675 | 56,624 |
| Notes receivable from common stockholders | (10) | (61) |
| Deferred stock compensation | (620) | (1,441) |
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 46 | (77) |
| Accumulated deficit |
(5,294)
|
(6,953)
|
| Total stockholders’ equity |
51,816
|
48,111
|
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |
$63,158
|
$60,054
|
The accompanying notes
are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
LATITUDE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands, except per share data)
|
Years
Ended December 31,
|
|||
|
2000
|
1999
|
1998
|
|
| Revenue: | |||
| Product | $29,356 | $23,765 | $16,506 |
| Service |
14,075
|
9,277
|
4,545
|
| Total revenue | 43,431 | 33,042 | 21,051 |
| Cost of revenue: | |||
| Product | 4,978 | 4,036 | 3,182 |
| Service (includes non-cash compensation expenses of $26, $83 and $47 in 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively) |
7,455
|
4,890
|
2,822
|
| Total cost of revenue |
12,433
|
8,926
|
6,004
|
| Gross profit |
30,998
|
24,116
|
15,047
|
| Operating expenses: | |||
| Research and development (includes non-cash compensation expenses of $76, $78 and $31 in 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively) | 6,339 | 4,131 | 2,638 |
| Marketing and sales (includes non-cash compensation expenses of $86, $272 and $115 in 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively) | 20,077 | 14,992 | 9,859 |
| General and administrative (includes non-cash compensation expenses of $264, $319 and $106 in 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively) |
4,152
|
2,563
|
1,772
|
| Total operating expenses |
30,568
|
21,686
|
14,269
|
| Income from operations | 430 | 2,430 | 778 |
| Interest income | 2,501 | 1,382 | 142 |
| Interest expense |
(93)
|
(164)
|
(183)
|
| Income before benefit from (provision for) income taxes | 2,838 | 3,648 | 737 |
| Benefit from (provision for) income tax |
(1,179)
|
3,724
|
(34)
|
| Net income |
$1,659
|
$7,372
|
$703
|
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax— | |||
| Unrealized gain (loss) on securities | 105 | (77) | — |
| Foreign currency translation adjustment |
18
|
—
|
—
|
| Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax |
123
|
(77)
|
—
|
| Comprehensive income |
$1,782
|
$7,295
|
$703
|
| Net income per share—basic |
$0.09
|
$0.56
|
$0.21
|
| Shares used in per share calculation—basic |
18,702
|
13,164
|
3,279
|
| Net income per share—diluted |
$0.08
|
$0.39
|
$0.04
|
| Shares used in per share calculation—diluted |
19,969
|
18,783
|
16,422
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
LATITUDE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands)
|
Additional Paid-In Capital
|
Notes Receivable from Common Stockholders
|
Deferred Stock Compensation
|
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
|
Accumulated Deficit
|
Total
|
|||||
|
Preferred Stock
|
Common Stock
|
|||||||||
|
Shares
|
Amount
|
Shares
|
Amount
|
|||||||
| Balances, December 31, 1997 | 11,836 | $12 | 3,755 | $4 | $19,021 | $(187) | $(74) | $— | $(15,028) | $3,748 |
| Issuance of common stock | — | — | 35 | — | 28 | (4) | — | — | — | 24 |
| Repurchase of common stock | — | — | (51) | — | (15) | 9 | — | — | — | (6) |
| Payment of notes receivable from common stockholders | — | — | — | — | — | 17 | — | — | — | 17 |
| Deferred stock compensation related to grants of stock options and issuance of common stock | — | — | — | — | 2,328 | — | (2,328) | — | — | — |
| Amortization of deferred stock compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | 299 | — | — | 299 |
| Net income |
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
703
|
703
|
| Balances, December 31, 1998 | 11,836 | 12 | 3,739 | 4 | 21,362 | (165) | (2,103) | — | (14,325) | 4,785 |
| Issuance of common stock | — | 3,391 | 3 | 35,175 | — | — | — | — | 35,178 | |
| Conversion of preferred stock to common stock | (11,836) | (12) | 11,836 | 12 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Repurchase of common stock | — | — | (16) | — | (3) | — | — | — | — | (3) |
| Payment of notes receivable from common stockholders | — | — | — | — | — | 104 | — | — | — | 104 |
| Deferred stock compensation related to grants of stock options | — | — | — | — | 90 | — | (90) | — | — | — |
| Amortization of deferred stock compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | 752 | — | — | 752 |
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (77) | — | (77) |
| Net income |
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
7,372
|
7,372
|
| Balances, December 31, 1999 | — | — | 18,950 | 19 | 56,624 | (61) | (1,441) | (77) | (6,953) | 48,111 |
| Issuance of common stock | — | — | 364 | — | 1,424 | — | — | — | — | 1,424 |
| Repurchase of common stock | — | — | (12) | — | (4) | — | — | — | — | (4) |
| Payment of notes receivable from common stockholders | — | — | — | — | — | 51 | — | — | — | 51 |
| Reversal of deferred stock compensation related to forfeited stock options | — | — | — | — | (369) | — | 369 | — | — | — |
| Amortization of deferred stock compensation | — | — | — | — | — | — | 452 | — | — | 452 |
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 123 | — | 123 |
| Net income |
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
1,659
|
1,659
|
| Balances, December 31, 2000 |
—
|
$—
|
19,302
|
$19
|
$57,675
|
$(10)
|
$(620)
|
$46
|
$(5,294)
|
$51,816
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
LATITUDE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH
FLOWS
(in thousands)
|
Years
Ended December 31,
|
|||
|
2000
|
1999
|
1998
|
|
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||
| Net income | $1,659 | $7,372 | $703 |
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||
| Depreciation and amortization | 1,747 | 926 | 696 |
| Amortization of capitalized software | 159 | 56 | — |
| Provision for excess and obsolete inventory | 258 | 166 | 149 |
| Provision for doubtful accounts | 143 | 11 | 88 |
| Amortization of deferred stock compensation | 452 | 752 | 299 |
| Deferred tax asset | 823 | (4,346) | — |
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||
| Accounts receivable | (2,181) | (2,390) | (3,062) |
| Inventory | (1,088) | (310) | (496) |
| Prepaids and other assets | (1,441) | (1,144) | (281) |
| Accounts payable | 225 | (155) | 442 |
| Accrued liabilities | (616) | 2,092 | 629 |
| Deferred revenue |
351
|
3,289
|
1,874
|
| Net cash provided by operating activities |
491
|
6,319
|
1,041
|
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||
| Purchases of property and equipment | (3,154) | (2,564) | (743) |
| Purchases of available for sale securities | (40,374) | (41,081) | — |
| Maturities of available for sale securities | 55,576 | 9,343 | — |
| Other |
(331)
|
(63)
|
(37)
|
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
11,717
|
(34,365)
|
(780)
|
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||
| Proceeds from issuance of notes payable | — | 197 | 678 |
| Repayment of notes payable and capital lease obligations | (561) | (565) | (505) |
| Proceeds from issuance of common stock | 1,424 | 35,178 | 24 |
| Repurchase of common stock | (4) | (3) | (15) |
| Other |
79
|
104
|
(39)
|
| Net cash provided by financing activities |
938
|
34,911
|
143
|
| Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 13,146 | 6,865 | 404 |
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year |
10,847
|
3,982
|
3,578
|
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of the year |
$23,993
|
$10,847
|
$3,982
|
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | |||
| Cash payments for interest | $93 | $164 | $183 |
| Taxes paid | $209 | $64 | $20 |
| Supplemental disclosure of noncash activities: | |||
| Issuance of common stock for notes receivable from stockholder | $— | $— | $4 |
| Conversion of preferred stock to common stock | $— | $12 | $— |
| Deferred stock compensation (reversal of deferred stock compensation) | $(369) | $90 | $2,328 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
LATITUDE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:
Nature of Operations
Latitude Communications, Inc. (the “Company”) is a leading provider of enterprise e-conferencing solutions. The Company develops, markets and supports its MeetingPlace system, which allows companies to conduct virtual meetings and thereby extend decision making processes across the disparate geographic locations of participants. MeetingPlace is designed to be an enterprise–wide resource and to leverage existing technologies such as telephones, cellular phones and personal computers. The Company has distributed its product through distributors and a direct sales force to companies across many industries in the United States, Europe and Asia.
Basis of Consolidation and Foreign Currency Translation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Latitude Communications, Inc and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Assets and liabilities of the Company's subsidiary in Singapore, which are denominated in the local currency, have been remeasured into the US dollar, the functional currency. Foreign currency gains and losses from remeasurements, which have been insignificant, are included in the consolidated statement of operations. Assets and liabilities of the Company's subsidiary in the United Kingdom, which operates in a local currency environment, are translated into US dollars at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date with the resulting translation adjustments recorded directly to other comprehensive income (loss). Income and expense accounts are translated at average exchange rates during the fiscal year.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes product revenues upon shipment if a signed contract exists, the fee is fixed and determinable, collection of resulting receivables is reasonably assured, the product returns are reasonably estimable and if applicable, acceptance has been obtained. The Company generally does not allow product returns; however, in the past, upon request by a customer and approval of management, certain returns have been allowed. Therefore, provision for estimated product returns is recorded at the time products are shipped. For contracts with multiple obligations (e.g., maintenance, installation and other services), revenue is allocated to each component of the contract using the residual method based on the price sold separately. The Company recognizes revenue allocated to maintenance fees, including amounts allocated from product revenue, for ongoing customer support and product updates ratably over the period of the maintenance contract. Payments for maintenance fees are generally made in advance and are non-refundable. For revenue allocated to consulting services, and consulting services sold separately, such as installation and training, the Company recognizes revenues as the related services are performed.
In December 1999, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 101 ("SAB 101"), "Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements." SAB 101 summarizes certain of the SEC's views in applying generally accepted accounting principles to revenue recognition in financial statements. In June 2000, the SEC issued SAB No. 101B to defer the effective date of implementation of SAB 101 until the fourth quarter of fiscal 2000. The adoption of SAB 101 did not have a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations.
In 1999, the Company exchanged two systems for certain marketing services, licenses and related training and consulting and $205,000 in cash, which resulted in recognition of $609,000 of revenue and $404,000 of sales and marketing expenses. In 1998, the Company exchanged two systems with two customers for certain marketing services and $81,000 in cash which resulted in the recognition of $497,000 in revenue and $416,000 of sales and marketing expense. The assets and services were transferred between parties at their estimated fair value.
Financial Instruments
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.
The Company’s investments are comprised of certificates of deposit and U.S. federal agencies and are accounted for as available for sale. Investments with maturities of less than one year are classified as short-term investments and investments with maturities greater than one year are classified as long-term investments. Realized gains and losses are calculated using the specific identification method. There were no realized gains and losses in 1998, 1999 or 2000. Unrealized gains and losses are included as a separate component of other comprehensive income (loss) and stockholders’ equity. See Note 3 for the fair value of the Company’s investments.
Amounts reported for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other accrued liabilities are considered to approximate fair value primarily due to their short maturities. Based on borrowing rates currently available to the Company for loans with similar terms, the carrying value of its notes payable and capital lease obligations approximate fair value.
Certain Risks and Concentrations
The Company’s cash, cash equivalents and certificates of deposit included in the short-term investments as of December 31, 2000 and 1999 are on deposit with two financial institutions in the United States, one in Singapore and one in the United Kingdom.
The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers, and collateral is not required. The Company maintains allowances for potential returns and credit losses, and such returns and losses have generally not been material.
At December 31, 2000 and 1999, no customers accounted for more than 10% of accounts receivable.
MeetingPlace products and related services have accounted for substantially all of the Company’s revenue to date. The market in which the Company competes is characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product introductions, changes in customer requirements and emerging industry standards. Significant technological change could adversely affect the Company’s operating results and subject the Company to returns of product and inventory losses. While the Company has ongoing programs to minimize the adverse effect of such changes and considers technological change in estimating its allowances, such estimates could change in the future.
The Company licenses technology that is incorporated into its products from certain third parties, including certain digital signal processing algorithms and the MeetingPlace server’s operating system and relational databases. Any significant interruption in the supply or support of any licensed software could adversely affect the Company’s sales, unless and until the Company can replace the functionality provided by this licensed software.
Because the Company’s products incorporate software developed and maintained by third parties, the Company depends on such third parties to deliver and support reliable products, enhance their current products, develop new products on a timely and cost–effective basis and respond to emerging industry standards and other technological changes. The failure of these third parties to meet these criteria could harm the Company’s business.
The Company relies on third parties to obtain most of the components of the MeetingPlace server and integrate it with other standard components, such as the central processing unit and disk drives. If these third parties are no longer able to supply and assemble these components or are unable to do so in a timely manner, the Company may experience substantial delays in shipping its products and have to invest resources in finding an alternative manufacturer or manufacture our products internally.
In addition, although the Company generally uses standard parts and components in its products, the Company obtains certain components, including the processors and digital signal processing devices used in the MeetingPlace server, from sole source suppliers. In the past, the Company has experienced problems in obtaining some of these components in a timely manner from these sources, and it may be unable to continue to obtain an adequate supply of these components in a timely manner or, if necessary, from alternative sources. If the Company is unable to obtain sufficient quantities of components or to locate alternative sources of supply, the Company may experience substantial delays in shipping its products and incur additional costs to find an alternative manufacturer or manufacture its products internally.
Inventories
Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined on an average cost basis, which approximates the first in, first out method.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated on a straight–line basis over the shorter of the estimated useful life of three years or the length of the capital lease for assets acquired under capital leases. Gains and losses from the disposal of property and equipment are taken into income in the year of disposition. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.
Depreciation expense for 2000, 1999 and 1998 was $1,638,000, $772,000 and $607,000, respectively.
Research and Development Costs
Costs related to research, design and development of products are charged to research and development expenses as incurred. Software development costs are capitalized beginning when a product’s technological feasibility has been established and ending when a product is available for general release to customers provided research and development activities for the related hardware portion of the product have been completed. Generally, the Company’s products include hardware and software components that are developed concurrently. Amortization of capitalized research and development costs is computed at the greater of the amount computed using the ratio of current revenues to the total current and anticipated revenues or by the straight-line method over the remaining life of the product. The Company evaluates the estimated net realizable value of each software product at each balance sheet date and records write-downs to net realizable value for any product for which the net book value is in excess of the net realizable value. During 2000 and 1999, $618,000 and $108,000 of software development costs were capitalized. Capitalized software development costs at December 31, 2000 and 1999 were $511,000 and $52,000, respectively, net of accumulated amortization of $215,000 and $56,000, respectively.
Income Taxes
The Company’s benefit from (provision for) income taxes is comprised of its current tax liability and the changes in its deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using current tax laws and rates. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized.
Advertising
The Company expenses advertising costs as they are incurred. Advertising expense for 2000, 1999, and 1998 was $38,000, $787,000 and $115,000, respectively.
Stock–Based Compensation
The Company accounts for its stock based compensation in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 (“APB No. 25”), “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” and presents disclosure required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123 (“SFAS No. 123”).
In March 2000, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Interpretation No. 44 ("FIN 44") "Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation, an Interpretation of APB Opinion No. 25". FIN 44 clarifies the application of Opinion No. 25 for (a) the definition of employee for purposes of applying Opinion No. 25, (b) the criteria for determining whether a plan qualifies as a noncompensatory plan, (c) the accounting consequences of various modifications to the terms of a previously fixed stock option or award, and (d) the accounting for an exchange of stock compensation awards in a business combination. FIN 44 is effective July 1, 2000, but certain conclusions cover specific events that occur after either December 15, 1998, or January 12, 2000. The adoption of FIN 44 did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or the results of operations.
Net Income Per Share
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of vested common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income per share is computed giving effect to all dilutive potential common shares, including options, warrants and preferred stock.
A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the calculation of historical basic and diluted net income per share follows (in thousands, except per share data):
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|||
|
2000
|
1999
|
1998
|
|
| Net income per share, basic and diluted: | |||
| Numerator for basic and diluted net income per share |
$1,659
|
$7,372
|
$703
|
| Denominator for basic net income per share: | |||
| Weighted average vested common shares outstanding |
18,702
|
13,164
|
3,279
|
| Net income per share - basic |
$0.09
|
$0.56
|
$0.21
|
| Denominator for diluted earnings per share: | |||
| Weighted average vested common shares outstanding | 18,702 | 13,164 | 3,279 |
| Effect of dilutive securities: | |||
| Nonvested common shares | 404 | 252 | 478 |
| Common stock options | 825 | 1,147 | 727 |
| Warrants | 38 | 69 | 102 |
| Convertible preferred stock |
—
|
4,151
|
11,836
|
| Weighted average common and common equivalent shares |
19,969
|
18,783
|
16,422
|
| Net income per share - diluted |
$0.08
|
$0.39
|
$0.04
|
| Antidilutive securities not included in diluted net income per share calculation for the entire year: | |||
| Nonvested common shares | — | — | — |
| Common stock options | 630 | — | — |
| Warrants | — | — | — |
| Convertible preferred stock |
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
630
|
—
|
—
|
|
Comprehensive Income
The differences in 2000 between the Company’s net income and its total comprehensive income are a foreign currency translation adjustment of $18,000 and an unrealized gain on securities of $182, net of tax of $77. The sole difference in 1999 between the Company’s net income and its total comprehensive income was an unrealized loss on securities of $127,000, net of tax of $50,000. There was no difference between the Company’s net income (loss) and its total comprehensive income (loss) for 1998. Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, by component follows (in thousands):
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|||
|
2000
|
1999
|
1998
|
|
| Unrealized gain (loss) on securities | $28 | $(77) | $— |
| Foreign currency translation adjustment |
18
|
—
|
—
|
|
$46
|
(77)
|
$—
|
|
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." SFAS No. 133 establishes a new model for accounting for derivatives and hedging activities and supercedes and amends a number of existing accounting standards. SFAS No. 133 requires that all derivatives be recognized in the balance sheet at their fair market value and the corresponding derivative gains or losses be either reported in the statement of operations or as a deferred item depending on the type of hedge relationship that exists with respect to any derivatives. In July 1999, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 137, "Accounting for Derivatives Instruments and Hedging Activities - Deferral of Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 133." SFAS No. 137 deferred the effective date until fiscal years commencing after June 30, 2000. In June 2000, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 138, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133." SFAS 138 amends the accounting and reporting standards for certain derivatives and hedging activities such as net settlement contracts, foreign currency transactions and intercompany derivatives. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 133 in its quarter ending March 31, 2001. To date, the Company has not engaged in derivative or hedging activities. The Company does not believe that the pronouncement will have a material impact on its financial condition or results of operations as currently conducted.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the financial statements have been reclassified to conform with the current year’s presentation. These reclassifications did not change previously reported stockholders’ equity or net income.
NOTE 3—BALANCE SHEET ACCOUNTS (IN THOUSANDS):
Financial instruments
|
December 31,
|
||||
|
2000
|
1999
|
|||
| Cash and cash equivalents: |
Cost
|
Fair Value
|
Cost
|
Fair Value
|
| Cash | $2,601 | $2,601 | $1,280 | $1,280 |
| Commercial paper | 3,492 | 3,492 | — | — |
| Money market | — | — | 4,667 | 4,667 |
| Auction rate securities |
17,900
|
17,900
|
4,900
|
4,900
|
|
$23,993
|
$23,993
|
$10,847
|
$10,847
|
|
| Short-term investments: |
December 31, 2000
|
||
|
Amortized Cost
|
Gross Unrealized
Gain
|
Fair Value
|
|
| Certificates of deposit | $3,000 | $— | $3,000 |
| Corporate notes and bonds |
11,172
|
31
|
11,203
|
|
$14,172
|
$31
|
$14,203
|
|
|
December
31, 1999
|
|||
|
Amortized
Cost
|
Gross Unrealized Loss
|
Fair
Value
|
|
| Mutual funds | $2,006 | $— | $2,006 |
| Auction rate securities | 1,000 | — | 1,000 |
| Corporate notes and bonds |
28,732
|
(127)
|
28,605
|
|
$31,738
|
$(127)
|
$31,611
|
|
| Long-term investments: |
December
31, 2000
|
||
|
Amortized
Cost
|
Gross Unrealized Gain
|
Fair
Value
|
|
| U.S. Federal agencies |
$2,300
|
$1
|
$2,301
|
| Accounts receivable: |
December
31,
|
|
|
2000
|
1999
|
|
| Accounts receivable | $10,170 | $8,244 |
| Allowance for doubtful accounts |
(126)
|
(238)
|
|
$10,044
|
$8,006
|
|
| Inventory: | ||
|
December
31,
|
||
|
2000
|
1999
|
|
| Raw materials | $1,216 | $240 |
| Finished goods |
446
|
592
|
|
$1,662
|
$832
|
|
| Property and equipment, net: | ||
|
December
31,
|
||
|
2000
|
1999
|
|
| Leasehold improvements | $373 | $305 |
| Computer equipment | 7,421 | 4,592 |
| Office equipment |
1,264
|
1,011
|
| 9,058 | 5,908 | |
| Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
(4,996)
|
(3,253)
|
|
$4,062
|
$2,655
|
|
| Accrued liabilities: | ||
|
December
31,
|
||
|
2000
|
1999
|
|
| Accrued commission expense | $740 | $567 |
| Accrued vacation | 372 | 299 |
| Other |
2,453
|
3,315
|
|
$3,565
|
$4,181
|
|
NOTE 4—LONG–TERM DEBT:
The long–term debt consists of notes payable for the purchase of equipment and software, bear interest from 7.0% to 16.27%, and are collateralized by the underlying equipment and software.
Future minimum payments under the notes payable are as follows (in thousands):
| Years Ending December 31, | |
| 2001 | $394 |
| 2002 |
110
|
| 504 | |
| Less amount representing interest |
(36)
|
| 468 | |
| Less current portion |
(362)
|
|
$106
|
NOTE 5—COMMITMENTS:
The Company leases its operating facilities under non-cancelable operating leases that expire at various dates through December, 2005. Rent expense was $1,922,000 in 2000, $1,041,000 in 1999 and $759,000 in 1998. As of December 31, 2000, future minimum lease commitments and sub-lease income were as follows (in thousands):
|
Operating Leases
|
Sub-Lease Income
|
|
| Year Ending December 31, | ||
| 2001 | $2,459 | $1,490 |
| 2002 | 2,234 | 1,258 |
| 2003 | 2,329 | 147 |
| 2004 | 2,423 | - |
| 2005 |
2,379
|
-
|
|
$11,824
|
$2,895
|
At December 31, 2000, the Company has committed to purchase approximately $1,541,000 of raw materials inventory under noncancellable purchase orders.
NOTE 6—STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Initial Public Offering
In May, 1999, the Company completed an initial public offering and issued 3,125,000 shares of common stock to the public at a price of $12.00 per share. As a result of the offering, the Company received $33,780,000, net of underwriting discounts, commissions, offering costs and expenses payable by the Company. Simultaneously, all outstanding preferred shares were automatically converted into common stock.
Preferred Stock
The Company is authorized to issue 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, none of which is issued or outstanding. The Board of Directors has the authority to issue the stock in one or more series and to fix rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, and the number of shares constituting any series and the designation of such series, without any further vote or action by the stockholders.
Stock Plans
The Company’s Board of Directors has adopted the 1993 Plan and the 1999 Plan (the “Plans”) and through December 31, 2000 has authorized 6,255,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the Plans. The Plans consist of Stock Purchase Rights and an Option Grant Program.
Stock Purchase Rights provide for issuance of common stock at not less than 85% of the fair market value of the stock to employees and consultants. The Plan provides that the Administrator of the Plan shall advise the offeree in writing of the terms, conditions and restrictions related to the offer. Restricted stock purchases are subject to the company’s right of repurchase at the employee purchase price upon termination of employment. The right to repurchase generally lapses 25% one year from the date of purchase and 1/48 each month thereafter.
The Option Grant Program provides for grants of incentive stock options to employees and nonstatutory stock options to employees and consultants. The exercise price of incentive stock options and nonstatutory stock options granted under the Plan must be at least 100% and 85%, respectively, of the fair market value of the shares on the date of grant. Options generally expire ten years from the date of the grant or such shorter term as may be provided in the option agreement. Options granted under the Plan typically become exercisable over a four year period at a rate of 25% after the first year and 1/48 each month thereafter.
In April 1999, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the 1999 Directors’ Plan (the “Directors’ Plan”) and the 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Purchase Plan”).
The Directors' Plan provides that each person who is or becomes a nonemployee director of Latitude will be granted a nonstatutory stock option to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock on the date on which the optionee first becomes a nonemployee director of Latitude at an exercise price equal to its fair market value on the date of the grant. Thereafter, on the date of the Company's Annual Stockholders Meeting each year, each nonemployee director will be granted an additional option to purchase 5,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price equal to its fair market value on the date of the grant if, on such date, he or she has served on the Company's board of directors for at least six months. A total of 250,000 shares of common stock has been reserved for issuance under the Directors' Plan, of which 210,000 shares remain available for future grants.
The Purchase Plan permits eligible employees to purchase common stock through payroll deductions, which may not exceed 15% of an employee's compensation, at a price equal to the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the Company's common stock at the beginning or end of the offering period. A total of 690,000 shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance under the Purchase Plan. During 2000 and 1999, 116,000 and 52,000 shares, respectively, were issued under the purchase plan and at December 31, 2000, 522,000 shares remain available for future purchases.
Deferred Stock Compensation
During 1997, 1998 and 1999, the Company issued stock purchase rights and options to certain employees under the Plans with exercise prices below the deemed fair market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant. In accordance with the requirements of APB 25, the Company has recorded deferred compensation for the difference between the purchase price of stock issued to employees under stock purchase rights or the exercise price of the stock options and the fair market value of the Company’s stock at the date of grant.
This deferred compensation is amortized to expense on a straight line basis over the period during which the Company’s right to repurchase the stock lapses or options become exercisable, generally four years. At December 31, 1999, the Company had recorded deferred compensation related to these options in the total amount of $2,494,000, of which $452,000, $752,000 and $299,000 had been amortized to expense during 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
Stock Plan Activity
The activity for the stock purchase rights and stock options under the 1993 Plan, the 1999 Plan and the Directors’ Plan are as follows (in thousands except per share amounts):
|
Restricted
Stock Plan
|
Stock
Option Plan
|
||||||
|
Shares
Available
|
Number
of Shares
|
Weighted
Average Purchase Price Per Share
|
Amount
|
Number
of Shares
|
Weighted
Average Purchase Price Per Share
|
Amount
|
|
| Balances, December 31, 1997 | 370 | 3,755 | $0.09 | $318 | 75 | $0.39 | $29 |
| Additional shares reserved | 1,125 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Shares purchased | (35) | 35 | 0.79 | 28 | — | — | |
| Shares repurchased | 51 | (51) | 0.27 | (15) | — | — | |
| Options granted | (1,315) | — | — | — | 1,315 | 2.32 | 3,050 |
| Options cancelled |
38
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(38)
|
1.47
|
(55)
|
| Balances, December 31, 1998 | 234 | 3,739 | 0.09 | 331 | 1,352 | 2.24 | 3,024 |
| Additional shares reserved | 2,950 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Shares purchased | (1) | 1 | 10.00 | 7 | — | — | — |
| Shares repurchased | 16 | (16) | 0.26 | (3) | — | — | — |
| Options granted | (800) | — | — | — | 800 | 15.32 | 12,187 |
| Options exercised | — | — | — | — | (129) | 2.33 | (300) |
| Options cancelled |
317
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(317)
|
3.45
|
(1,094)
|
| Balances, December 31, 1999 | 2,716 | 3,724 | 0.09 | 335 | 1,706 | 8.12 | 13,817 |
| Shares repurchased | 12 | (12) | 0.29 | (4) | — | — | — |
| Options granted | (1,631) | — | — | — | 1,631 | 10.90 | 17,786 |
| Options exercised | — | — | — | — | (213) | 2.03 | (435) |
| Options cancelled |
642
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
(642)
|
12.19
|
(7,823)
|
| Balances, December 31, 2000 |
1,739
|
3,713
|
$0.09
|
$331
|
2,482
|
$9.40
|
$23,345
|
At December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998, 370,000, 124,000, and 325,000 shares of outstanding common stock, respectively, were subject to the Company’s right of repurchase at weighted average purchase prices per share of $0.23, $0.29, and $0.27, respectively. At December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998, options for the purchase of 630,000, 363,000 and 17,000 shares, respectively, were exercisable at weighted average purchase prices per share of $5.13, $0.52 and $0.30, respectively.
Pro Forma Stock Compensation
The Company has adopted the disclosure–only provisions of SFAS No. 123. Had compensation cost been determined based on the fair value at the grant date for the awards since 1994 consistent with the provisions of SFAS No. 123 for the Plans, Directors’ Plan and Purchase Plan, the Company’s net income (loss) for 2000, 1999 and 1998 would have been as follows (in thousands, except per share data):
|
Year
ended December 31,
|
|||
|
2000
|
1999
|
1998
|
|
| Net income (loss)—as reported | $1,659 | $7,372 | $703 |
| Net income (loss)—pro forma | (3,527) | 5,754 | 618 |
| Net income (loss) per share—basic as reported | 0.09 | 0.56 | 0.21 |
| Net income (loss) per share—basic pro forma | (0.19) | 0.44 | 0.19 |
| Net income (loss) per share—diluted as reported | 0.08 | 0.39 | 0.04 |
| Net income (loss) per share—diluted pro forma | (0.18) | 0.31 | 0.04 |
Such pro forma disclosures may not be representative of future compensation cost because options vest over several years and additional grants are made each year.
The weighted average grant date fair value of stock options granted was $8.42, $10.15 and $6.96 for 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively. The weighted average fair value of purchase rights granted under the Purchase Plan was $3.91 and $4.76 for 2000 and 1999, respectively.
In accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123, the following assumptions for option grants during 2000, 1999 and 1998 are included to estimate the fair value of each stock option and purchase right:
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|||
| Stock Options: |
2000
|
1999
|
1998
|
| Expected dividend yield | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Expected stock price volatility | 113% | 0-75% | 0% |
| Risk-free interest rate | 4.5-7.8% | 4.5-7.8% | 4.5-7.2% |
| Expected life (years) | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Employee Stock Purchase Plan: | |||
| Expected dividend yield | 0% | 0% | — |
| Expected stock price volatility | 113% | 75% | — |
| Risk-free interest rate | 6.1% | 4.8% | — |
| Expected life (years) | 0.5 | 0.5 | — |
In 1998, stock purchase rights for 35,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, with a weighted–average exercise price of $0.79 per share and a weighted–average fair value of $3.85 per share were granted with exercise prices below the estimated market value at the date of grant.
During 1999 and 1998, options to purchase 114,000 and 1,315,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, with weighted–average exercise prices of $6.50 and $2.32 per share and weighted–average fair values of $13.50 and $6.19 per share, were granted with exercise prices below the estimated market value at the date of grant.
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2000:
|
Options
Outstanding
|
Options
Exercisable
|
||||
|
Exercise
Price
|
Number
Outstanding
|
Weighted–Average
Remaining Contractual Life
|
Weighted–Average
Exercise Price
|
Number
Exercisable
|
Weighted–Average
Exercise Price
|
| $0.27-1.00 | 264,000 | 7.04 | $0.93 | 191,000 | $0.94 |
| $1.01-2.80 | 70,000 | 7.34 | 2.16 | 36,000 | 2.20 |
| $2.81-10.63 | 1,359,000 | 9.13 | 6.14 | 245,000 | 5.35 |
| $10.64-31.69 | 789,000 | 8.94 | 18.51 | 158,000 | 17.95 |
|
|
|
||||
| $0.27-31.69 | 2,482,000 | 8.80 | $9.40 | 630,000 | $5.13 |
|
|
|
||||
NOTE 7—INCOME TAXES:
The provision for (benefit from) income taxes consists of the following:
|
2000
|
1999
|
1998
|
|
| (in thousands) | |||
| Current: | |||
| Federal, net of the benefit of net operating loss carryforwards of $575,000 in 2000, $595,000 in 1999 and $246,000 in 1998 | $293 | $522 | $17 |
| State, net of the benefit of net operating loss carryforwards of $98,000 in 2000, $63,000 in 1999 and $23,000 in 1998 | 33 | 128 | 17 |
| Foreign |
30
|
22
|
—
|
|
356
|
672
|
34
|
|
| Deferred: | |||
| Federal | 698 | 328 | — |
| State | 125 | 40 | — |
| Foreign | — | 22 | — |
| Change in valuation allowance |
—
|
(4,786)
|
|
|
823
|
(4,396)
|
—
|
|
|
$1,179
|
$(3,724)
|
$34
|
|
In 2000, income before provision for income taxes consisted of $2,763,000 of income from U.S. operations and $75,000 of income from foreign operations. In 1999, income before benefit from income taxes consisted of $3,807,000 of income from U.S. operations and $159,000 of loss from foreign operations. In 1998, income before provision for income taxes consisted of $1,121,000 of income from U.S. operations and $384,000 of loss from foreign operations.
The Company’s effective tax rate differs from the statutory federal income tax rate as follows:
|
2000
|
1999
|
1998
|
|
| Statutory federal income tax (benefit) rate | 34.0% | 34.0% | 34.0% |
| State taxes net of federal benefits | 3.8 | 9.4 | 4.0 |
| Stock compensation | 4.6 | 8.4 | — |
| Research and development credit | (3.4) | (3.8) | — |
| Change in valuation allowance | — | (116.3) | — |
| Benefit of net operating loss carryforwards | — | (38.8) | (39.0) |
| Alternative minimum tax | 2.5 | 0.8 | 5.0 |
| Other |
0.1
|
4.3
|
1.0
|
| Effective tax rate |
41.6%
|
(102.0)%
|
5.0%
|
The significant components of the net deferred tax asset are as follows:
|
December
31,
|
||
|
2000
|
1999
|
|
| (in thousands) | ||
| Net operating loss carryforwards | $1,768 | $2,402 |
| Research and development credit | 1,355 | 824 |
| Property and equipment | 121 | 318 |
| Capitalized research and development for tax purposes | 250 | 648 |
| Other |
79
|
204
|
| Net deferred tax asset |
$3,573
|
$4,396
|
At December 31, 2000, the Company had federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $4,149,000 and $1,850,000, respectively, available to offset future regular and alternative minimum taxable income. The Company’s federal and state net operating loss carryforwards expire in 2001 through 2020, if not utilized.
At December 31, 2000, the Company had federal and state research and development and other credits of approximately $942,000 and $626,000, respectively. The research and development credit carryforwards expire in 2002 through 2020, if not utilized.
The Tax Reform Act of 1986 limits the use of net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards in certain situations where changes occur in the stock ownership of a company. If the Company should have an ownership change, as defined, utilization of the carryforwards could be restricted.
NOTE 8—EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS:
The Company sponsors the Latitude Communications Salary Savings Plan (the “Plan”) which qualifies under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. All employees meeting minimum age requirements are eligible to enroll in the Plan upon initiating employment. Currently, the Company is not offering an employer contribution.
NOTE 9—SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMER AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
Management uses one measurement of profitability to evaluate and manage its business. The Company markets its products and related services to customers in many industries in the United States, Europe and Asia.
Revenue, which is classified based on the country to which the product is shipped, and property and equipment information by geographic area as of and for the year ended:
|
Revenues
|
Property
and Equipment, Net
|
|
| (in thousands) | ||
| December 31, 2000: | ||
| United States | $40,263 | $3,972 |
| International |
3,168
|
90
|
| Total |
$43,431
|
$4,062
|
| December 31, 1999: | ||
| United States | $30,361 | $2,613 |
| International |
2,681
|
42
|
| Total |
$33,042
|
$2,655
|
| December 31, 1998: | ||
| United States | $19,549 | $979 |
| International |
1,502
|
38
|
| Total |
$21,051
|
$1,017
|
In 2000, 1999 and 1998, no customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenue.
NOTE 10—SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
|
First
Quarter
|
Second
Quarter
|
Third
Quarter
|
Fourth
Quarter
|
|
| (In thousands, except per share data) | ||||
| 2000: | ||||
| Total revenue | $10,365 | $11,689 | $10,163 | $11,214 |
| Gross profit | 7,637 | 8,405 | 7,199 | 7,783 |
| Net income (loss) | 844 | 799 | 300 | (284) |
| Net income (loss) per share – basic | $0.05 | $0.04 | $0.02 | $(0.02) |
| Net income (loss) per share – diluted | $0.04 | $0.04 | $0.02 | $(0.02) |
| 1999: | ||||
| Total revenue | $6,428 | $7,726 | $8,712 | $10,176 |
| Gross profit | 4,708 | 5,689 | 6,342 | 7,460 |
| Net income | 288 | 724 | 1,094 | 5,266 |
| Net income per share – basic | $0.08 | $0.06 | $0.06 | $0.28 |
| Net income per share – diluted | $0.02 | $0.04 | $0.05 | $0.26 |
Included in net income in the fourth quarter of 1999 is the benefit from recognition of the Company’s deferred tax asset of $4,786,000.
SCHEDULE II
LATITUDE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
|
Balance at Beginning of Period
|
Additions (Reductions) to Costs and Expenses
|
Write–Offs
|
Balance at End of Period
|
|
| (In thousands) | ||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts: | ||||
| Year ended December 31, 1998 | $147 | $88 | $— | $235 |
| Year ended December 31, 1999 | 235 | 11 | (8) | 238 |
| Year ended December 31, 2000 | 238 | 143 | (255) | 126 |
| Allowance for excess and obsolete inventory: | ||||
| Year ended December 31, 1998 | 146 | 149 | — | 295 |
| Year ended December 31, 1999 | 295 | 166 | (108) | 353 |
| Year ended December 31, 2000 | 353 | 258 | (167) | 444 |
| Deferred tax asset valuation allowance: | ||||
| Year ended December 31, 1998 | 6,297 | (337) | — | 5,960 |
| Year ended December 31, 1999 | 5,960 | (5,960) | — | — |
| Year ended December 31, 2000 | — | — | — | — |
| Allowance for sales returns: | ||||
| Year ended December 31, 1998 | 196 | 515 | (386) | 325 |
| Year ended December 31, 1999 | 325 | (12) | — | 313 |
| Year ended December 31, 2000 | 313 | — | (159) | 154 |