As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 14, 2002
Securities And Exchange Commission
_________________
FORM 10-Q
_________________
(Mark One)
Quarterly Report Pursuant To Section 13 Or 15(d) Of The Securities Exchange Act Of 1934 For The Nine-Month Period Ended September 30, 2002; Or |
|
Transition Report Pursuant To Section 13 Or 15(d) Of The Securities Exchange Act Of 1934 For The Transition Period From ________ To _______ |
Commission File No. 333-88207
CLEAN ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
Delaware |
98-0211550 |
7087 MacPherson Avenue, British Columbia, Canada V5J 4N4
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(604) 435-9339
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all Reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registration was required to file such Reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: Yes No
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
10,215,027 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, as of November 8, 2002
Introductory Notes
The information in this report is current as of the date of this report (November 8, 2002), unless another date is specified.
We conduct our transactions in the currency of both the United States and Canada, although we consider the United States dollar to be our functional and reporting currency. All references to "dollars" in this report refer to United States or U.S. dollars unless specific reference is made to Canadian or CDN dollars. The rate of exchange of Canadian dollars to United States dollars as of September 30, 2002, was CDN $1.5872 to U.S. $1. For information relative to the conversion of our accounts into U.S. dollars, see that section captioned "Foreign Currency Translation" contained in explanatory note 2 to the interim consolidated financial statements included in this report.
We prepare our interim consolidated financial statements in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles. Our consolidated financial condition and results of operations for the nine-month interim period ended September 30, 2002 are not necessarily indicative of our prospective consolidated financial condition and results of operations for the full fiscal year ended December 31, 2002. The interim consolidated financial statements presented in this report as well as other information relating to our company contained in this report should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements and more detailed background information relating to our company and our business contained in our annual report on form 10-K for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2001.
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
In this report we make a number of statements, referred to as "forward-looking statements", which are intended to convey our expectations or predictions regarding the occurrence of possible future events or the existence of trends and factors that may impact our future plans and operating results. These forward-looking statements are derived, in part, from various assumptions and analyses we have made in the context of our current business plan and information currently available to us and in light of our experience and perceptions of historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments and other factors we believe to be appropriate in the circumstances. You can generally identify forward-looking statements through words and phrases such as "seek", "anticipate", "believe", "estimate", "expect", "intend", "plan", "budget", "project", "will be", "will continue", "will likely result ", and similar expressions. Forward-looking statements contained in this report would, for example, include statements relating to the timing and completion of pending or prospective projects and contracts and receipt of revenues.
When reading any forward looking statement you should remain mindful that actual results or developments may vary substantially from those expected as expressed in or implied by that statement for a number of reasons or factors including, by way of example and not limitation, (1) the various risks and uncertainties described in this special note or elsewhere in this report, and (2) our current and prospective financial requirements and current and prospective lack of capital; our inability to satisfactorily complete pending or new project proposals (including with prospective licensee or joint venture partners) and enter into binding revenue-producing contracts based upon those proposals; our overall inability or that of our licensees or joint venture partners, if any, to design, test, manufacture and sell pulse combustors on a profitable basis, including as a result of insufficient consumer acceptance of and demand for pulse combustors; regulatory constraints, and changes in our business plan and corpora te strategies or those of our joint venture partners. Each forward-looking statement should be read in context with, and with an understanding of, the various other disclosures concerning our company and our business made elsewhere in this report as well as other pubic reports filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC").
-i-
The various uncertainties and risk factors described in this special note or elsewhere in this report are not exhaustive, and new risks and uncertainties may emerge from time to time. It is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties, nor can we assess the impact of all risks and uncertainties on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from, those contained in any forward-looking statement. Consequently, all forward-looking statements contained in this report are fully qualified by this special note, and we can give you no assurance that the results or developments anticipated or predicted by us will be realized, or even if realized, that they will have the expected consequences to, or effects on, us. Given these factors, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement as a prediction of actual results or developments.
We are not obligated to update or revise any forward-looking statement contained in this report to reflect new events or circumstances unless and to the extent required by applicable law. All forward-looking statements contained in this report constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning section 21E of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and, to the extent it may be applicable by way of the incorporation of statements contained in this report by reference or otherwise, section 27A of the United States Securities Act of 1933, each of which establishes a safe-harbor from private actions for forward-looking statements as defined in those statutes.
-ii-
Table Of Contents
Page
Consolidated Balance Sheets |
1 |
|
Consolidated Statements Of Operations |
2 |
|
Consolidated Statements Of Capital Deficiency |
3 |
|
Consolidated Statements Of Cash Flow |
4 |
|
Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements |
5 |
|
Management's Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition And Results Of Operations |
16 |
|
Overview |
16 |
|
Results Of Operations |
16 |
|
Liquidity And Capital Resources |
17 |
|
Other Matters |
20 |
|
Quantitative And Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk |
21 |
|
Currency Fluctuations |
21 |
|
Interest Rate Fluctuations |
21 |
|
Uncertainties And Other Risk Factors That May Affect Our Future Results And Financial Condition |
21 |
|
Uncertainties And Risks Generally Relating To Our Company And Our Business |
21 |
|
Risks Relating To Our Securities |
29 |
|
Legal Proceedings |
32 |
|
Changes In Securities And Use Of Proceeds |
32 |
|
Defaults Upon Senior Securities |
32 |
|
Submission Of Matters To A Vote Of Security Holders |
32 |
|
Other Information |
33 |
|
Exhibits And Reports On Form 8-K |
33 |
|
Signatures |
33 |
-iii-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage
enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
September 30, |
December 31, |
|||
|
||||
(unaudited) |
||||
ASSETS |
||||
CURRENT |
||||
Advances to an affiliated company (note 4) |
$ 353,245 |
$ 370,716 |
||
Prepaid expenses |
2,873 |
- |
||
|
||||
Total current assets |
356,118 |
370,716 |
||
|
||||
PATENTS |
37,241 |
35,335 |
||
|
||||
TOTAL ASSETS |
$ 393,359 |
$ 406,051 |
||
|
||||
LIABILITIES |
||||
CURRENT |
||||
Accounts payable |
$ 239,461 |
$ 84,498 |
||
Accrued expenses (including accrued interest of $43,029 as of September 30, 2002 and $8,084 as of December 31, 2002-note 6) |
|
|
||
Advances from related parties (note 6) |
503,422 |
190,729 |
||
|
||||
Total current liabilities |
834,812 |
283,311 |
||
Provisions and liabilities related to transfer of ownership of subsidiary (notes 3 and 8) |
436,344 |
659,403 |
||
|
||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES |
1,271,156 |
942,714 |
||
|
||||
Going concern (note 1) |
||||
Commitments and contingencies (note 10) |
||||
CAPITAL DEFICIENCY |
||||
Authorized (note 7) |
||||
Preferred stock; par value $0.0001 per share, 1,000,000 shares |
||||
Common stock; par value $0.0001 per share, 15,000,000 shares |
||||
Issued (note 7): |
||||
Series 'A' convertible preferred stock; |
|
|
||
Series 'B' convertible preferred stock; |
|
|
||
Common stock; |
|
|
||
Additional paid-in capital |
1,821,816 |
1,821,816 |
||
Deficiency accumulated during the development stage |
(2,700,809) |
(2,359,675) |
||
|
||||
TOTAL CAPITAL DEFICIENCY |
(877,797) |
(536,663) |
||
|
||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL DEFICIENCY |
$ 393,359 |
$ 406,051 |
||
|
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these consolidated balance sheets
-1-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage
enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
OPERATIONS
Three months Ended |
Nine months Ended |
Jan. 1, 1999 to |
|||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
||||||
|
|||||||||
(unaudited) |
|||||||||
ADMINISTRATION AND MARKETING EXPENSES |
|||||||||
Accounting |
$ 900 |
$ 2,401 |
$ 9,387 |
$ 29,641 |
$ 77,952 |
||||
Wages and benefits |
27,197 |
63,886 |
94,306 |
130,590 |
584,199 |
||||
Amortization |
- |
3,736 |
- |
11,208 |
45,027 |
||||
Communications |
2,295 |
9,516 |
5,144 |
12,797 |
35,455 |
||||
Foreign exchange (gain) loss |
(36) |
(20,092) |
(152) |
(12,732) |
(27,572) |
||||
Interest |
7,247 |
4,106 |
34,945 |
11,625 |
78,801 |
||||
Legal and patent maintenance |
11,466 |
5,351 |
18,284 |
49,906 |
172,396 |
||||
Marketing |
14,948 |
4,537 |
41,227 |
59,375 |
333,273 |
||||
Occupancy |
- |
6,607 |
- |
24,740 |
99,829 |
||||
Office and miscellaneous |
2,742 |
3,106 |
7,192 |
16,275 |
102,374 |
||||
Professional fees |
- |
- |
- |
9,303 |
15,972 |
||||
Transfer agent fees |
- |
- |
520 |
2,460 |
34,402 |
||||
|
|||||||||
Total administration and marketing |
66,759 |
83,154 |
210,853 |
345,188 |
1,552,108 |
||||
|
|||||||||
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES |
|||||||||
Wages and benefits |
- |
84,588 |
- |
188,182 |
768,339 |
||||
Development |
97,684 |
14,948 |
353,340 |
80,691 |
603,421 |
||||
|
|||||||||
Total research and development |
97,684 |
99,536 |
353,340 |
268,873 |
1,371,760 |
||||
|
|||||||||
TOTAL EXPENSES AND NET LOSS BEFORE THE FOLLOWING: |
(164,443) |
(182,690) |
(564,193) |
(614,061) |
(2,923,868) |
||||
REDUCTION OF PROVISION RELATED TO TRANSFER OF SUBSIDIARY (note 3) |
121,268 |
― |
223,059 |
― |
223,059 |
||||
|
|||||||||
TOTAL EXPENSES AND NET LOSS FOR THE PERIOD |
$ (43,175) |
$ (182,690) |
$ (341,134) |
$ (614,061) |
$ (2,700,809) |
||||
|
|||||||||
BASIC AND DILUTED NET LOS PER SHARE OF COMMON STOCK (note 2) |
$ (0.00) |
$ (0.02) |
$ (0.03) |
$ (0.06) |
|||||
|
|||||||||
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK OUTSTANDING) |
10,382,695 |
10,382,695 |
10,382,695 |
10,382,695 |
|||||
|
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
are an integral part of these consolidated statements of operations
-2-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage
enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
CONSOLIDATED OF CAPITAL DEFICIENCY
Series 'A' |
Series 'B' |
|
Additional |
Accumulated During |
|||||||
Shares |
Amount |
Shares |
Amount |
Shares |
Amount |
Period |
Cumulative |
||||
|
|||||||||||
(unaudited) |
|||||||||||
Issued on incorporation |
1,000 |
$ 1 |
- |
$ - - |
9,643,750 |
$ 964 |
$ 535 |
$ - - |
$ 1,500 |
||
Private placement |
- |
- |
250,001 |
250 |
- |
- |
499,752 |
- |
500,002 |
||
Vesting of previously issued but unexercised |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net loss for the period ended December 31, 1999 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
(639,404) |
(639,404) |
||
|
|||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 1999 |
1,000 |
1 |
250,001 |
250 |
9,643,750 |
964 |
502,287 |
(639,404) |
(135,902) |
||
Vesting of previously issued but unexercised |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Issued on conversion of promissory note |
- |
- |
- |
- |
487,944 |
49 |
975,838 |
- |
975,887 |
||
Net loss for the period ended December 31, 2000 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
(907,826) |
(907,826) |
||
|
|||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2000 |
1,000 |
1 |
250,001 |
250 |
10,131,694 |
1,013 |
1,496,625 |
(1,547,230) |
(49,341) |
||
Vesting of previously issued but unexercised |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Conversion of series 'B' convertible preferred |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Disposition of subsidiary (note 3) |
294,522 |
294,522 |
|||||||||
|
|||||||||||
Net loss for the period ended December 31, 2001 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
(812,445) |
(812,445) |
||
Balance, December 31, 2001 |
1,000 |
1 |
175,001 |
175 |
10,206,694 |
1,020 |
1,821,816 |
(2,359,675) |
(536,663) |
||
Conversion of series 'B' convertible preferred stock to common stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net loss for the period ended September 30, 2002 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
(341,134) |
(341,134) |
||
|
|||||||||||
Balance, September 30, 2002 |
1,000 |
$ 1 |
166,668 |
$ 175 |
10,215,027 |
$ 1,028 |
$ 1,821,816 |
$ (2,700,809) |
$ (877,797) |
||
|
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are
an integral part of these consolidated statements of capital deficiency
-3-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
CONSOLIDATED OF CASH FLOW
Nine-months Ended |
Jan. 1, 1999 |
|||||
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
|
||||||
(unaudited) |
||||||
OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||
Total expenses and net loss |
$ (341,134) |
$ (614,061) |
$ (2,700,809) |
|||
Adjustments to reconcile total expenses and net loss to |
||||||
Amortization |
- |
11,208 |
45,027 |
|||
Non-cash consulting expense |
- |
30,601 |
51,101 |
|||
Reduction of provision related to transfer of subsidiary |
(223,059) |
- |
(223,059) |
|||
Change in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||
Accounts receivable and prepaid expenses |
(2,873) |
16,208 |
(21,192) |
|||
Accounts payable |
154,963 |
306,038 |
723,870 |
|||
Accrued liabilities |
83,845 |
26,369 |
223,654 |
|||
Payroll taxes |
- |
(27,293) |
- |
|||
|
||||||
Net cash used in operating activities |
(328,258) |
(250,870) |
(1,901,408) |
|||
|
||||||
INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||
Proceeds from sale of short-term investment |
- |
13,338 |
- |
|||
Additions to patents |
(1,906) |
(6,977) |
(37,241) |
|||
Purchase of property and equipment |
- |
(805) |
(92,791) |
|||
|
||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |
(1,906) |
5,556 |
(130,032) |
|||
|
||||||
FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||
Advances to an affiliated company |
17,471 |
2,543 |
(30,370) |
|||
Advances from shareholders (note 6) |
- |
- |
273,779 |
|||
Advances from related parties |
312,693 |
243,397 |
312,693 |
|||
Net proceeds from disposal of subsidiary |
- |
- |
(2,051) |
|||
Proceeds from issue of common stock |
- |
- |
976,887 |
|||
Proceeds from issue of series 'A' convertible preferred stock |
- |
- |
500 |
|||
Proceeds from issue of series 'B' convertible preferred stock |
- |
- |
500,002 |
|||
|
||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
330,164 |
245,940 |
2,031,440 |
|||
|
||||||
NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
- |
626 |
- |
|||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD |
- |
2,122 |
- |
|||
|
||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD |
$ - - |
$ 2,748 |
$ - - |
|||
|
NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
In December 2001, 75,000 shares of series 'B' preferred stock were converted into 75,000 shares of common stock.
In August 2002, 8,333 shares of series 'B' preferred stock were converted into 8,333 shares of common stock.
In August and October 2000, a significant shareholder converted the principal amount and all interest of a loan into 487,944 shares of common stock.
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are
an integral part of these consolidated statements of cash flows
-4-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Clean Energy Combustion Systems, Inc. ("we", "our company" or "Clean Energy") was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware and organized and commenced its operations on March 1, 1999. These financial statements also reflect select pre-organization transactions and commitments incurred between January 1, 1999 and the date of incorporation on March 1, 1999, that were accepted by our board of directors in connection with its organization as obligations of our company.
Clean Energy was formed for the specific purpose of acquiring exclusive world-wide license rights entitling us to design, engineer, manufacture, market, distribute, license and otherwise commercially exploit two "burner" technologies, our patented pulse blade combustion or "PBC" technology which we hold a license from one of our founding shareholders, Ravenscraig Properties Limited ("Ravenscraig Properties"), and our diesel fuel combustion technology which we hold a license from another of our founding shareholders, Mr. John D. Chato.
Since we have not generated operating revenues to date, we should be considered a development stage enterprise. As of September 30, 2002, we have incurred losses from inception totalling $2,700,809, have a working capital deficiency of $478,694, and do not currently have the financial resources to complete our business plan. Our ability to continue as a going concern will be dependent upon our ability to attain future profitable operations and to obtain the necessary financing to meet our obligations and repay our liabilities arising from normal business operations when they come due. External financing, predominately in the short-term by loans from affiliated parties and in the longer-term through the issuance of equity or debt will be sought to finance development of our products; however, there can be no assurance that sufficient funds will be raised.
In the event that cash flow from our operations, if any, together with the proceeds of any future financings, are insufficient to meet our current operating expenses, Clean Energy will be required to reevaluate our planned expenditures and allocate our total resources in such manner as our board of directors and management deem to be in our best interest. This may result in a substantial reduction of the scope of our existing and planned operations.
Our objective is to enter into licensing, royalty, joint venture, or manufacturing agreements with established national and international heat transfer industry manufacturers.
We are authorized under our Certificate of Incorporation to issue shares of common stock, series 'A' preferred stock, series 'B' preferred stock and series 'C' preferred stock (sometimes referred to in our consolidated financial statements and this report as "common shares", "series 'A' preferred shares", "series 'B' preferred shares" and "series 'C' preferred shares", respectively). See note 7.
-5-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Basis Of Presentation
We prepared these consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. While these financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments, which, in the opinion of our management, are necessary for fair presentation of the results of the interim period, they do not include all of the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. For additional information, refer to the consolidated financial statements included in our annual report on form 10-K for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2001
The consolidated results of operations for the three- and nine-month interim periods ended September 30, 2002 included in these consolidated financial statements are not necessarily predictive of results to be expected for our full fiscal year ended December 31, 2002.
Consolidation
In the course of preparing these consolidated financial statements, we consolidated the accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiary, Clean Energy USA Inc. ("Clean Energy USA") with those of Clean Energy for the interim periods ended after December 31, 2001 included in these consolidated financial statements, and the accounts of our former wholly-owned subsidiary, Clean Energy Technologies (Canada) Inc. ("Clean Energy Technologies"), which we disposed of on December 31, 2001, with those of Clean Energy for the interim periods ended on or before December 31, 2001 included in these consolidated financial statements. All significant intercompany balances and transactions amongst Clean Energy and each of these subsidiaries were eliminated as a consequence of the consolidation process, and are therefore not reflected in these consolidated financial statements. Results of consolidated operations for the interim periods ended after December 31, 2001 included in these consol idated financial statements may not be comparable to results for the corresponding interim periods ended on or before December 31, 2001due to the divestiture of Clean Energy Technologies, although Clean Energy Technologies has continued to provide research and development services to our company on a contractual basis since December 31, 2001. See note 3.
Clean Energy is a Delaware corporation and considers the United States dollar to be the appropriate functional currency for our operations and these financial statements, notwithstanding that we do business in Canada in transactions denominated in Canadian dollars. It is anticipated that the majority of our business will be conducted in United States dollars and our anticipated customer base will be within the United States. For purposes of preparing these financial statements, foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Other balance sheet items and revenues and expenses are translated at the rates prevailing on the respective transaction dates. Translation gains and losses are included in operations.
-6-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Estimates And Assumptions
The preparation of these consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of these consolidated financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
Cash And Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, funds on deposit and short-term investments with an original maturity of ninety days or less.
Short-Term Investments
Short-term investments consist of term deposits with a one-year maturity. These investments are cashable and can be drawn on at any time.
Patents
Costs related to the acquisition of patents are capitalized in the accounts and are amortized on a straight-line basis, commencing upon the production of revenues from the patent, over the shorter of the duration of the patent, which is twenty years, or the estimated life of the technology. The costs of servicing our patents are expensed as incurred. Clean Energy assesses potential impairment of patents by measuring the expected net recovery based on cash flows from products based on these rights on an annual basis. These capitalized costs are valued at the lower of amortized cost and net recoverable amount.
Property And Equipment
We state property and equipment at cost, and then record amortization on these assets on a straight-line basis over their respective estimated service lives. Clean Energy holds no property or equipment at the date of these financials statements.
Impairment Of Long-Lived Assets And Long-Lived Assets To Be Disposed
We evaluate our long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets or intangibles may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. If any assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the net recoverable value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.
-7-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Basic And Diluted Loss Per Share
Our basic loss per share is computed in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 128, "Earnings Per Share", by dividing the net loss for the period attributable to holders of our common shares by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Our diluted loss per share is computed, also in accordance with SFAS No. 128, by including the potential dilution that could occur if holders of our dilutive securities were to exercise or convert these securities into common shares. Common share equivalents are excluded from the computation if their effect is anti-dilutive. Common share equivalents consist of common shares issuable upon the conversion of the convertible loans, notes and special warrants (using the if-converted method) and incremental shares issuable upon the exercise of common share purchase options and warrants (using the treasury stock method).
In accounting for the grant of common share purchase options to our employees and directors, we have elected to follow Accounting Principles Board No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees", ("APB 25"), and related interpretations. Under APB 25, companies are not required to record any compensation expense relating to the grant of options to employees or directors where the awards are granted upon fixed terms with an exercise price equal to fair value and the only condition of exercise is continued employment. See note 7.
Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income is reported and displayed in these consolidated financial statements in conformity with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Statement ("SFAS") No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"). SFAS No. 130 establishes standards for the reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components in a full set of general-purpose financial statements.
Accounting for Derivatives
SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, issued under U.S. GAAP and effective in 2001, establishes accounting standards for derivatives, and requires the reporting of derivative instruments information in annual and interim reports to shareholders. SFAS No. 133 did not have an impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2001, the FASB introduced SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations, and SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. SFAS No. 141 addresses the initial recognition and measurement of goodwill and other intangible assets acquired in a business combination. SFAS No. 142 addresses the initial recognition of intangible assets acquired outside of a business combination whether acquired individually or with a group of other assets. These
-8-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
standards require all future business combinations to be accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. Goodwill will no longer be amortized but instead will be subject to impairment tests at least annually. We adopted SFAS No. 141 on a prospective basis as of July 2001, and SFAS No. 142 in January 2002. The adoption of SFAS No. 141 and SFAS No. 142 did not have an impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.
In August 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. SFAS No. 144 addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets to be held and used, to be disposed of other than by sale, and to be disposed of by sale. We adopted SFAS No. 144 in the first quarter of 2002 on a prospective basis. The adoption of SFAS No. 144 did have significant impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Proceeds from disposition |
$ 1 |
Net liabilities of Clean Energy Technologies on date of disposition |
2,095,253 |
(Offset) recovery of provisions and liabilities related to transfer of ownership |
(659,403) |
Offset against amount due from Clean Energy Technologies related to research and development charges |
|
|
|
Net increase in additional paid-in capital |
$ 294,522 |
|
Effective January 1, 2002, Clean Energy Technologies commenced invoicing our remaining subsidiary, Clean Energy USA, pursuant to a research and development contract which allows Clean Energy Technologies to invoice pre-approved research and development costs, related overhead and a 10% mark-up. This reorganization has been undertaken with the long-term goal of reducing our research and development expenditures through the utilization of grants and tax-incentive programs both in the United States and Canada. No pro forma disclosure has been provided, as Clean Energy will continue to incur research and development expenditures through our contract with Clean Energy Technologies, resulting in no significant change to our operating expenses.
At the date of this transaction, December 31, 2001, we made provisions and allowances of $659,403 related to amounts advanced to Clean Energy Technologies and amounts payable by Clean Energy Technologies which we may have to satisfy. During the current nine-month period, the advances decreased by a net amount of $17,471, while the obligations decreased by $205,588. The total of these amounts, a decrease of $223,059, has been credited to the statement of operations as a reduction of provision related to the transfer of subsidiary.
As at September 30, 2002 and December 31, 2001, we had advanced $353,245 (CDN $553,886) and $370,716 (CDN $590,476), respectively, to Clean Energy Technologies. These advances are non-interest bearing, are repayable in Canadian dollars and have no specific terms of repayment.
As the repayment of these advances is primarily dependant upon Clean Energy acquiring sufficient funding to honor our research and development contract with Clean Energy Technologies, a valuation allowance equal to the full amount of the advances was set up and the net gain on disposition of Clean Energy Technologies was reduced accordingly (See note 3). This allowance has been reduced to reflect the net decrease in advances in the current period.
-9-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
On December 31, 2001, Clean Energy disposed of all of our shares in Clean Energy Technologies, which reduced our property and equipment accounts to $0 as of that date (note 3).
Summarized below are our advances and borrowing from related parties as of September 30, 2002 and December 31, 2001:
September 30, |
December 31, |
|
|
||
Advances from officers, directors and principal shareholders |
$ 459,278 |
$ 190,729 |
Advances from shareholders |
44,144 |
- |
|
||
Total |
$ 503,422 |
$ 190,729 |
|
-10-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The advances from officers, directors and principal shareholders include advances from the following: Mr. R. Dirk Stinson, a director and the current President of Clean Energy and an indirect principal shareholder of Clean Energy through Ravenscraig Properties; McSheahan Enterprises Ltd., a principal corporate shareholder of Clean Energy that is owned and controlled by Barry A. Sheahan, an executive officer and a director of Clean Energy; JPT2 Holdings Ltd., a principal corporate shareholder of Clean Energy that is owned and controlled by John P. Thuot, a director of Clean Energy and its past President; and John D. Chato, Chairman of our board of directors and an indirect principal shareholder of Clean Energy through J9 Enterprises Ltd. These advances are unsecured, bear interest at the rate of 8.75% per annum, are repayable in Canadian dollars, and have no specific terms of repayment. Interest of $43,029 as at September 30, 2002 ($8,084 as at December 31, 2001) has been accrued.
Pursuant to the loan agreements, each of the above parties has the right to convert any portion of outstanding indebtedness under their respective notes, including accrued interest, that accrues on or prior to the date that occurs two months after the date of listing, at a conversion rate equal to 80% of the average market trading price for the 30 day period prior to conversion, but not to exceed $2 per share. As the result of the commencement of trading of common shares on the OTC Bulletin Board on June 17 2002, the conversion price has been fixed at $0.20 per share, representing the closing price as of August 16, 2002. No conversion rights have been exercised to date, and the parties to the loans are in discussions relative to effecting the conversion on terms more favorable to Clean Energy.
Share Capital and Stock Options
During 2001, our board of directors authorized the creation of an additional 500,000 preferred shares upon our filing of an amendment to our certificate of incorporation, bringing the authorized total at that time, including classes of preferred stock designated below, to 1,500,000 shares.
Series 'A' Preferred Stock
Our series 'A' preferred shares are non-voting and may be converted into one common share at the option of the holder at any time. The affirmative consent of a majority of all outstanding series 'A' preferred shares is required to liquidate or dissolve our company, to sell our principal assets, to merge or consolidate our company with another, to declare a dividend, to make any changes in our authorized capital stock, or to issue additional preferential preferred shares. Should our common shares be accepted for listing on The New York Stock Exchange or The American Exchange or accepted for quotation on Nasdaq, all outstanding series 'A' preferred shares will automatically convert into common shares on a one for one basis once our common shares have been actively traded on that exchange or market for a two year continuous period. In the event of the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our company, our series 'A' preferred shareholders will be en titled to an amount equal to $1 per share, but after payment has been made to all series 'B' preferred shareholders with respect to their liquidation preference.
Clean Energy designated and issued 1,000 series 'A' preferred shares upon our incorporation.
Series 'B' Preferred Stock
Our series 'B' preferred shares are voting and are entitled to participate in dividends with our common shares.
The affirmative consent of a majority of all outstanding series 'B' preferred shares is required to make any change in our authorized capital stock or to issue additional preferential preferred shares. Our series 'B' preferred shares may be converted at the option of the holder, at any time, into one common share. Should our common shares be accepted for listing on The New York Stock Exchange or The American Exchange or accepted for quotation on Nasdaq, all outstanding series 'B' preferred shares would automatically convert into common shares on a one for one basis. In the event of the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our company, our series 'B' preferred shareholders will be entitled to an amount equal to $2 per share before any payment will be made or any assets distributed to the holders of series 'A' preferred shares, common shares, or any other junior equity security.
-11-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
During the period ended December 31, 1999, we designated 250,001 preferred shares as series 'B' preferred stock, and issued those shares pursuant to a private placement for gross proceeds of $500,002.
During the year ended December 31, 2001, one of our shareholders converted 75,000 series 'B' preferred shares into 75,000 common shares, and in August, 2002 an additional 8,333 series 'B' preferred shares were converted to common shares, leaving 166,668 and 175,001 series 'B' preferred shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2002 and December 31, 2001, respectively.
Series 'C' Preferred Stock
Our series 'C' preferred shares are voting and are entitled to participate in dividends with our common shares.
The affirmative consent of a majority of all outstanding series 'C' preferred shares is required to liquidate or dissolve our company, to sell our principal assets, to merge or consolidate our company with another, to declare a dividend, to make any changes in our authorized capital stock, to issue additional preferential preferred shares, to declare any dividends or to redeem or purchase any series 'C' preferred shares. Our series 'C' preferred shares may be converted at the option of the holder, at any time, into one common share. Should our common shares be accepted for listing on The New York Stock Exchange or The American Exchange or accepted for quotation on Nasdaq, all outstanding series 'C' preferred shares would automatically convert into one common share. In the event of our voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up, our series 'C' preferred shareholders will be entitled to an amount equal to the stated value or issuance cost before any payment will be made or any assets distributed to the holders of our series 'A' preferred shares, series 'B' preferred shares, common shares, or any other junior equity security.
During the period ended December 31, 1999, we designated 500,000 preferred shares as series 'C' preferred stock. As at September 30, 2002, there were no series 'C' preferred shares.
Common Stock
During 2001, our board of directors authorized the creation of an additional 10,000,000 common shares, which will increase our total authorized common shares to 25,000,000 shares upon our filing of an amendment to our certificate of incorporation.
In 1999, we granted non-qualified common stock purchase options to executive officers and key employees entitling them to purchase an aggregate of 320,000 common shares at an exercise price of $2 per share, including an aggregate 260,000 options granted to Messrs. Chato, Thuot and Sheahan. These options vest equally annually over a five-year period, and each annual vesting portion expires five years subsequent to the vesting date. The $2 exercise price was determined to be fair market value, based on the concurrent sale of convertible series 'B' preferred shares to non-related parties.
-12-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Also in 1999, we granted non-qualified common stock purchase options to Mr. R. Dirk Stinson, in his capacity as a director, entitling him to purchase an aggregate of 60,000 common shares at an exercise price of $2 per share. These options vest equally annually over a three-year period, and each annual vesting portion expires five years subsequent to the vesting date.
In 2001, we granted an additional 60,000 non-qualified common stock purchase options to each of Mr. L. Clive Boulton and Dr. William D. Jackson, in their capacity as directors, having identical terms and conditions as the previous grant, except that one grant vested one-third immediately upon grant.
Also during 2001, we granted additional common share purchase options as follows:
Employee incentive options to key employees entitling them to purchase an aggregate of 101,305 common shares at an exercise price of $3 per share. These options vest one year after being granted and expire five years subsequent to the vesting date.
Management incentive options to JPT2 Holdings Ltd. and McSheahan Enterprise Ltd., management corporations controlled by Messrs. Thuot and Sheahan, respectively, entitling them to purchase an aggregate of 24,000 common shares at an exercise price of $2 per share. These options vest equally monthly over a one-year period, and each annual vesting portion expires five years subsequent to the vesting date.
In 2002, we granted non-qualified common stock purchase options to Mr. John L. Howard, in his capacity as a director, entitling him to purchase an aggregate of 60,000 common shares at an exercise price of $2 per share. These options vest equally annually over a three-year period, and each annual vesting portion expires five years subsequent to the vesting date.
Also during 2002, we granted management incentive options to JPT2 Holdings Ltd. and McSheahan Enterprise Ltd., management corporations controlled by Messrs. Thuot and Sheahan, respectively, entitling them to purchase an aggregate of 24,000 common shares at an exercise price of $2 per share. These options vest equally monthly over a one-year period, and each annual vesting portion expires five years subsequent to the vesting date.
At September 30, 2002, a total of 709,305 common share purchase options had been granted, and 429,305 options were vested. No common share purchase options have been exercised as at September 30, 2002.
Common Share Purchase Warrants
During 1999, we issued 36,000 common share purchase warrants as additional consideration pursuant to a public relations services agreement pursuant to which the holder is given the right to purchase 36,000 common shares at $2 per share. The right to exercise these warrants vests in equal monthly instalments over a twenty-four month period, and each instalments lapses five years after date of vesting. As at September 30, 2002, all of the 36,000 shares have vested and none have been exercised.
-13-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
During 2000, we also issued 200,000 share purchase warrants as additional consideration pursuant to an investors and media relations services agreement pursuant to which the holder is given the right to purchase 200,000 common shares at prices between $2 to $5 per share. The right to exercise these warrants vests in equal quarterly instalments over a twelve-month period commencing July 27, 2000, and each instalment lapses twelve months after date of vesting. As at September 30, 2002, all 200,000 shares have vested and lapsed, and none of the warrants were exercised.
Related party transactions and balances not disclosed elsewhere in these financial statements are as follows:
- As at December 31, 2001, we disposed of Clean Energy Technologies, our wholly-owned subsidiary, to Mr. John D. Chato. Mr. Chato is a director of our company, the inventor of our technologies, and a shareholder who indirectly holds greater than 10% of our issued common shares. Proceeds to Clean Energy were $1, however, net liabilities of Clean Energy Technologies exceeded assets by $294,521, resulting in Clean Energy recording an increase to additional paid-in capital of $294,522 in the financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001 (see note 3). We have entered into a cost plus contract with Clean Energy Technologies to provide for our future research and development needs.
Our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, current payroll taxes, advances from affiliated companies and a loan payable. The fair value of these financial instruments approximates our carrying values due to the short-term to maturity of these financial instruments and similarity to current market rates.
It is management's opinion that Clean Energy is not exposed to significant interest, currency or credit risks arising from these financial instruments.
Ravenscraig Properties, the licensor of our pulse combustion technology, has the right to terminate the license if we do not obtain a listing of our common shares on The New York Stock Exchange, The American Stock Exchange or Nasdaq by March 5, 2004. Ravenscraig Properties also has the right to reacquire the pulse combustion technology if Clean Energy is declared insolvent or bankrupt. Should Ravenscraig Properties exercise its termination right, we can purchase full title to the pulse combustion technology by paying CDN $525,000 within ten business days of the ninety day
-14-
CLEAN
ENERGY COMBUSTION SYSTEMS, INC.
(a development stage enterprise)
(expressed in U.S. dollars)
NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
termination period, plus interest on such amount at the rate of 13% per annum, accruing as of January 1, 1999. On the purchase, Clean Energy will also be entitled to receive the return of 593,750 common shares as well as all outstanding series 'A' preferred shares. If Ravenscraig Properties is unable to deliver the full number of shares, the cash payment will be reduced pro-rata. Should the pulse combustion technology license terminate without our acquisition of full ownership of that technology, then our diesel fuel combustion technology license with Mr. John D. Chato shall expire concurrently.
We have entered into management services agreements with to JPT2 Holdings Ltd. and McSheahan Enterprise Ltd., management corporations controlled by Messrs. Thuot and Sheahan, respectively, providing for total annual payments of $120,000 (CDN $192,000), commencing April, 2001, plus additional common share purchase options as detailed in note 7. Each agreement provides for a one-year initial term, renewed automatically for successive one-year terms. This agreement was renewed for an additional year, commencing April 1, 2002, with annual payments of $130,000 (CDN $200,000).
We have entered into a consulting agreement with the HMJ Corporation, a company owned and controlled by William D. Jackson, a director of our company. The agreement obligates HMJ to provide the services of Dr. Jackson for a stipulated number of hours monthly and requires Clean Energy to pay a retainer of US$5,000 monthly, plus out-of-pocket travel costs associated with the contract work. This agreement commenced April, 2001 and expired March 31, 2002. A renewal of the agreement is currently under review with Dr. Jackson.
We have entered into a consulting agreement with an engineer with respect to our residential hot water heater project to provide a stipulated number of hours monthly. The agreement requires Clean Energy to pay a retainer of US$2,000 monthly, plus out-of-pocket travel costs associated with the contract work.
We have entered into a public relations services agreement whereby Clean Energy was obligated to pay a monthly fee of CDN $6,000 for a period of thirty-six months, commencing April 1999. Either party can terminate the agreement after one year. In April, 2001, the parties agreed to amend this agreement to reduce the monthly fee to CDN $3,000.
We have entered into an investor relations and communications services agreement whereby Clean Energy is obligated to pay a monthly fee of CDN $2,275 for a one-year period, commencing June 2001. The agreement is renewable annually unless terminated and may be cancelled upon sixty days written notice.
-15-
Management's Discussion And Analysis
Of Financial Condition And Results Of Operations
Overview
Clean Energy was formed on March 1, 1999, for the principal purpose of acquiring exclusive world-wide license rights entitling us to design, engineer, manufacture, market, distribute, license and otherwise commercially exploit our pulse blade combustion technology. This technology has completed the primary development stage and is in a position to be commercially exploited. Our objective is to enter into licensing, royalty, joint venture or manufacturing agreements with established national and international heat transfer industry manufacturers which will result in the introduction of a variety of different burner units based upon this technology into various selected market segments. We have no revenues to date, nor have we entered into any revenue producing contracts to date, although we are currently working on a number of proto-types under several proposal requests which could lead to development grants by manufacturers over the next four to six months, and contract revenues after twe lve months. Since we have not generated operating revenues to date, we should be considered a development stage enterprise. For additional and more detailed background information relating to our company and our business, see our annual report on form 10-K for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2001.
The consolidated results of operations for the three- and nine-month interim periods ended September 30, 2002 included in this report are not necessarily predictive of results to be expected for our full fiscal year ended December 31, 2002. Results of consolidated operations for the interim periods ended after December 31, 2001 included in this report may not be comparable to results for corresponding interim periods ended on or before December 31, 2001 due to the divestiture on December 31, 2001 of our research and development subsidiary, Clean Energy Technologies, to Mr. John D. Chato, the inventor of our technologies, our head of our research and development, and a director and principal shareholder of our company. As a part of that divestiture, Clean Energy Technologies entered into an agreement to provide continued research and development services to our company on a cost plus 10% contractual basis since December 31, 2001. See explanatory note 3 to our consolidated financial statements.
Operating Revenues
We had no revenues for our nine-month and three-month interim fiscal periods ended September 30, 2002 and September 30, 2001, respectively.
Operating Loss
We incurred an operating loss of $341,134
for our nine-month interim period ended September 30, 2002, as compared to $614,061 for the corresponding interim period in fiscal 2001, representing a $272,927 or 44.45% overall decrease. For our three-month interim period ended September 30, 2002, we incurred an operating loss of $43,175, as compared to $182,690 for the corresponding interim period in fiscal 2001, representing a decrease of $139,515 or 76.37%.The 44.45% overall decrease in our operating loss for
our nine-month interim period ended September 30, 2002 over the corresponding interim period in fiscal 2001 was primarily attributable to:a $134,335, or 38.92%, decrease in administration expense from $345,188 to $210,853; and
a $223,059 reduction of provision related to transfer of subsidiary which occurred in 2002 but not in 2001;
partially offset by
an $84,467, or 31.42%, increase in research and development expense from $268,873 to $353,340.
-16-
For our three-month interim period ended September 30, 2002, the 76.37% overall decrease in our operating loss over the corresponding interim period in fiscal 2001 was primarily attributable to:
a $16,395, or 19.72%, decrease in administration expense from $83,154 to $66,759; and
a $121,268 reduction of provision related to transfer of subsidiary which occurred in 2002 but not in 2001; and
a $1,852, or 1.86%, increase in research and development expense from $99,536 to $97,684.
The decrease in administration expense for our nine-month and three-month interim periods ended September 30, 2002 over the corresponding interim periods in fiscal 2001, respectively, and the increase in our research and development expense over the same periods, respectively, were both primarily attributable to the divestiture of our research and development subsidiary, Clean Energy Technologies, and our subsequent contracting of research and development services on a cost-plus 10% contract basis. Specifically, in divesting Clean Energy Technologies and its attendant research and development personnel and activities, we effectively shifted a portion of our wages and benefits, marketing expense, amortization expense and occupancy costs included in administration expense from that aggregate expense grouping to the research and development expense grouping, insofar as these costs are now indirectly recorded by us under the monthly cost plus 10% research and dev elopment fee that is charged to us under the research and development contract we entered into with Clean Energy Technologies.
As a consequence of this divestiture, we recorded a $49,868 overall net reduction in combined administration and research and development expense over our nine-month interim periods ended September 30, 2002, reflecting an overall reduction in our level of activities and attendant decreases in materials and labor costs for this period as compared to the corresponding prior period, and an $18,247 overall net decrease in combined administration and research and development expense over our three-month interim periods ended September 30, 2002, reflecting the same overall reduction in our level of activities and attendant decreases in materials and labor costs for this period as compared to the corresponding prior period.
Relationships And Transactions On Terms That Would Not Be Available From Clearly Independent Third Parties
We have not entered into any transactions during our nine-month interim period ended September 30, 2002 with any parties that are not clearly independent on terms that might not be available from other clearly independent third parties related parties.
Liquidity And Capital Resources
Sources of Cash
Our cash flow requirements from our inception through September 30, 2002 were principally funded by:
$975,887 in short-term advances from a shareholder which was subsequently converted in fiscal 2000 into 487,944 common shares at a conversion price of $2 per share pursuant to the terms of our financing agreement with that shareholder;
-17-
Included in the $834,812 in accounts payable, accrued liabilities and short-term advances by shareholders noted above are short-term advances by shareholders and other creditors in the aggregate amount of $503,422 relating to both cash advances and unpaid wages and fees. Pursuant to the terms of the underlying notes or agreements, the $503,422 in short-term advances are payable, together with interest accrued at 8.75% per annum, upon demand or, at the option of the noteholder, convertible into common shares at a conversion rate determined on or prior to the date that occurs two months after the date of listing on the OTC Bulletin Board, at a conversion rate equal to 80% of the average market trading price for the 30 day period prior to conversion, but not to exceed $2 per share. As the result of the commencement of trading of common shares on the OTC Bulletin Board on June 17 2002, the conversion price has been fixed at $0.20 per share, representing the closing price as of Augu st 16, 2002. No conversion rights have been exercised to date, and the parties to the loans are in discussions relative to effecting the conversion on terms more favorable to Clean Energy.
There are no guarantees, commitments, lease and debt agreements or other agreements that could trigger adverse change in our credit rating, earnings, cash flows or stock price, including requirements to perform under standby agreements, other than the following:
Defaults in the notes described above.
Contingent liabilities of Clean Energy Technologies as of September 30, 2002 in the amount of $82,884 which arise from contracts previously entered into by Clean Energy either jointly with, or on behalf of, Clean Energy Technologies before our divestiture of that company on December 31, 2001. These contingent liabilities are included as part of liabilities relating to Clean Energy Technologies in our consolidated balance sheet.
Current Cash Position and Historical Changes In Cash Position
Our cash and cash equivalents position as of September 30, 2002 and December 31, 2001 was $0.
Our cash and cash equivalents position as of September 30, 2001 was $2,748, as compared to $2,122 as of December 31, 2000.In the nine month period ended September 30, 2002, we generated $330,164 in cash from financing activities, offset by $328,258 in cash used in operating activities and $1,906 used in investing activities.
The $626 increase in our cash position for our nine-month interim period ended September 30, 2001 as compared to December 31, 2000 was attributable to $250,870 used in operating activities, partially offset by $245,940 realized from financing activities and $5,556 realized from investing activities.Our operating activities required cash in the amount of $328,258 for our nine-month period ended September 30, 2002, as compared to cash requirements of $250,870 for the corresponding interim period in fiscal 2001. The $328,258 of cash used in operating activities for our nine-month interim period ended September 30, 2002 reflected our net loss of $341,134 for that period, as decreased for non-cash deductions and a net increase in non-cash working capital balances.
The $250,870 of cash required for operating activities for our nine-month interim period ended September 30, 2001 was attributable to our net loss of $614,061 for that period, as decreased for non-cash deductions and a net increase in non-cash working capital balances.We used cash in the amount of $1,906 for investing activities, which was comprised of additions to patents, for our nine-month interim period ended September 30, 2002, as compared to $5,556 of cash generated from investing activities for the corresponding interim period in fiscal 2001, representing proceeds from the sale of short-term investment of $13,338. There were no purchases of property or equipment for our nine-month interim period ended September 30, 2002, as
compared to additions to patents of $6,977 and purchases of property and equipment of $805 for the corresponding interim period in fiscal 2001.-18-
We raised $330,164 in cash from financing activities for our nine-month interim period ended September 30, 2002, as compared to $245,940 in cash raised from financing activities for the corresponding interim period in fiscal 2001. The $330,164 in cash raised through financing activities for our nine-month interim period ended September 30, 2002 was principally comprised of $312,693 in funds advanced by shareholders and related parties, and $17,471 net recovery of advances to an affiliated company.
The $245,940 in cash raised through financing activities for our nine-month interim period ended September 30, 2001, was principally comprised of $243,397 in funds advanced by shareholders, related parties and consultants and $2,543 of recovery of advances to an affiliated company.Plan Of Operation And Prospective Capital Requirements
Our ability to continue as a going concern will be dependent upon our entering into revenue producing contracts and raising additional working capital to fund these contracts, conduct addition research and development activities through our contract with Clean Energy Technologies and fully implement our longer-term business plan and marketing strategies. We anticipate that we will need to raise at least $850,000 to fund our projected operating, research and development and project costs over the next twelve months assuming we continue to stay our China coal project, and at least $5,000,000 in working capital (including the $850,000 noted above) to fully implement our business plan and marketing strategies including the acquisition of the necessary plant, equipment and personnel to pursue larger scale research and development projects as identified in our business plan. These estimates will be subject to significant change based upon any contracts we may enter into and/or addi tional capital we may raise, including any grant monies we receive.
Our operating expenses are currently being funded primarily through:
advances made by Mr. Stinson and other related parties under the terms of the promissory notes previously described;
accounts payable; and
contingent liabilities of Clean Energy Technologies in the amount of $82,884.
Mr. Stinson has indicated that he would be willing to continue to make advances on these terms for the indefinite future, should his personal financial situation permit it. We cannot give you any assurance that Mr. Stinson will remain in a position to fund our operations notwithstanding his desire to do so. We have made no binding arrangements or received binding commitments to obtain additional working capital as of the date of this report other than the advances described above which Mr. Stinson may make.
Our research and development contractor, Clean Energy Technologies, has received or is entitled to receive CDN $60,000 to date in matching grants with respect to our Canadian natural gas-fueled industrial dryer project, and is filing grant applications for the purpose of funding an additional CDN $193,000 in project costs. Should it raise this capital, our industry partner has committed to fund the balance of the project costs of approximately CDN $193,000. These amounts, if and when received, will reduce or lever our research and development costs for the project.
We have also filed grant applications with government funding programs in Canada and in California to provide matching funds for our natural gas-fueled water heater project, and are currently in negotiations with prospective industry partners relative to advancing this project.
Our intent is to raise additional working capital to fund our ongoing capital and operational requirements in one or more increments through grants, contract advances, public or private sales of debt or equity securities, debt financing or short-term loans, or a combination of the foregoing. We currently are in contact with, and over the past year have also been in contact with, a number of financing sources, including investors, lenders and finders, relative to funding our ongoing
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capital requirements. With the exception of the grant applications described above, we have not to date, however, received significant commitments from any of these sources on terms our board deems acceptable. Our ability to raise monies has also been adversely affected in part by general poor economic conditions and enhanced risks associated in investing in development stage ventures.
In view of our limited operating history and lack of revenues and profits to date, we cannot give you any assurance that we will be able to secure the additional capital we require at all, or on terms which will not be objectionable to our company or our shareholders, including substantial dilution or the sale or licensing of our technologies. Our failure or inability under these circumstances to obtain additional capital on acceptable terms or at all would have a material adverse effect on our company and our business, which would result in our being forced to materially scale back or even suspend our operations, or even force us to seek a merger with or to sell our business to a third party. In view of these considerations, note 1 of our financial statements states that if we do not raise sufficient capital there is substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern.
Research and Development Expenditures
Research and development expenditures are expensed as incurred.
Foreign Exchange
We recorded no foreign currency translation gain or loss for our nine-month period ended September 30, 2002. We anticipate that our exposure to significant foreign currency gains or losses on our accounting records will decrease as the result of the disposition of Clean Energy Technologies. We cannot give you any assurance that our future operating results will not be adversely affected by currency exchange rate fluctuations. See that section of this report captioned "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk" for a description of other aspects of our company that may be potentially affected by foreign exchange fluctuations.
Effect Of Inflation
We do not believe that our operating results were adversely affected during the first nine months of fiscal 2002 or fiscal 2001 by inflation or changing prices.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our consolidated financial condition and results of operations are not currently subject to or impacted by critical accounting policies involving areas in which subjective or complex judgments are made in connection with methods, assumptions or estimates concerning the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
For a summary of the effect of recent accounting pronouncements on our company, see that section in explanatory note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included with this report captioned "Recent Accounting Pronouncements".
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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk
One market risk that affects our company relates to foreign currency fluctuations between United States and Canadian dollars. To the extent we maintain our accounts in Canadian funds or enter into transactions denominated in Canadian currency, our financial position could be adversely affected by United States-Canadian currency fluctuations. We have not previously engaged in activities to mitigate the effects of foreign currency fluctuations due to the absence of Canadian revenues to date, and we anticipate that the exchange rate between the United States and Canadian dollar will remain fairly stable.
If earnings from our Canadian operations were to increase, our exposure to fluctuations in the United States-Canadian exchange rate would also increase, and we would have to consider utilizing forward exchange rate contracts or engage in other efforts to mitigate these foreign currency risks. We cannot give you any assurance that the use of exchange rate contracts or other mitigation efforts would effectively limit any adverse effects of foreign currency fluctuations on our Company's international operations and our overall results of operations.
It is our policy to maintain the bulk of our available cash in U.S. dollar-denominated money-market accounts. Our interest income from these short-term investments could be adversely affected by any material changes in interest rates within the United States.
Uncertainties And Other Risk Factors That
May Affect Our Future Results And Financial Condition
Our future results of operations or financial condition may be affected by the uncertainties and other risk factors enumerated below as well as those presented elsewhere in this report and in other reports we periodically file with the SEC, including our annual report on form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001, and should be considered in context with the various disclosures concerning our company presented elsewhere herein and therein.
Uncertainties and Risks Generally Relating To Our Company And Our Business
As a recently formed company with a limited operating history, we are subject to all the risks and issues inherent in the establishment and expansion of a new business enterprise, and our failure to address these risks and issues will adversely affect our ability to complete pending project proposals, introduce our products to the market, generate revenues and profits, and raise additional working capital
We were only recently organized, on March 1, 1999, and have a limited operating history. We have not yet introduced our products commercially to the markets or entered into binding contracts to do so. We are, as a consequence, subject to all the risks and issues inherent in the establishment and expansion of a new business enterprise. Our failure to successfully address these risks would adversely affect our ability to:
complete our pending project proposals and introduce burner products using our technologies onto the market and to compete, with consequential delays in our ability to generate revenues and profits; and
raise additional working capital.
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Our activities through the date of this report have been limited to:
completing our pending project proposals and introduce burner products using our technologies onto the market and to compete, with consequential delays in our ability to generate revenues and profits; and
developing our business plan;
obtaining license rights to our burner technologies;
establishing administrative offices and laboratory facilities; engaging administrative and research and development personnel; and
commencing work on various burner proto-types under pending proposals intended to lead to commercial contracts.
Risks and issues inherent in the establishment and expansion of a new business enterprise which we face include, among others, problems of entering new markets, marketing new technologies, hiring and training personnel, acquiring reliable facilities and equipment, and implementing operational controls. In general, startup businesses are subject to risks and or levels of risk that are often greater than those encountered by companies with established operations and relationships. Startups often require significant capital from sources other than operations. The management and employees of startup business shoulder the burdens of the business operations and a workload associated with company growth and capitalization that is disproportionately greater than that for an established business. Our limited operating history makes it difficult, if not impossible, to predict future operating results. We cannot give you any assurance that we will successfully address these risks.
We have accumulated losses since our inception and our continued inability to generate revenues and profits would adversely affect our ability to complete pending project proposals, introduce our products to the market and raise additional working capital, and could ultimately force us to suspend our operations and even liquidate our assets and wind-up and dissolve our company
We are a developmental stage company since we have not commenced commercial sales of our burner technologies and have no revenues to date. Our failure to generate revenues and ultimately profits would:
in the shorter-term, adversely affect our ability to:
complete our pending project proposals and introduce burner products using our technologies onto the market and to compete, with consequential delays in our ability to generate revenues and profits; and
raise additional working capital; and
in the longer-term, force us to suspend our operations, and possibly even liquidate our assets and wind-up and dissolve our company.
We do not anticipate that we will generate revenues for at least twelve months at the earliest, assuming that one or more of our pending projects lead to a commercial contract. We have, as a result of our lack of revenues, incurred operating losses in the amount of $2,700,809 from our inception through September 30, 2002, and we anticipate that we will continue to incur substantial operating losses for the foreseeable future, despite any revenues we may receive in the short-term from any of our pending projects, due to the significant costs associated with the development and marketing of our burner technologies. We cannot give you any assurance that we will generate revenues or profits in the near future or at all.
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If we do not raise additional working capital funds to pay our operating and project expenses, we will not be able to sustain our operations, and may even be forced to liquidate our assets and wind-up and dissolve our company
We currently have insufficient working capital to fund our projected operating and project costs for more than one month. Our inability to raise sufficient additional working capital in the near future would likely force us to suspend our operations, and possibly even liquidate our assets and wind-up and dissolve our company.
Our operating expenses are currently being primarily funded for the indefinite future through advances made by one of our directors, principal shareholders and current President, Mr. R. Dirk Stinson. We cannot give you any assurance that Mr. Stinson will remain in a position to fund our operations notwithstanding his desire to do so.
We anticipate that we will need to raise at least $850,000 to fund our projected operating and project costs over the next twelve months, and at least $5,000,000, including the $850,000 noted above, in additional working capital to fully implement our longer-term business plan and marketing strategies. We have no current arrangements for obtaining this additional capital other than our current relationship with Mr. Stinson, and will seek to raise this amount in one or more increments through grants, Canadian research and development tax credits, contract advances, public or private sales of debt or equity securities, debt financing or short-term loans, or a combination of the foregoing. We cannot give you any assurance that we will be able to secure the additional capital we require to continue our operation at all, or on terms which will not be objectionable to our company or our shareholders, including substantial dilution or the sale or licensing of our technologies.
Explanatory note 1 to our interim consolidated financial statements states that if we do not raise sufficient capital there is a substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern. Our independent auditors expressed a going concern opinion in their report accompanying our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001.
We have not entered into any revenue-generating contracts to date, and our failure to enter into revenue-generating contracts would force us to suspend our operations, and possibly even liquidate our assets and wind-up and dissolve our company
Although we are working on proto-types under several pending proposals, we have not entered into any revenue-generating contracts to date, and our ability to do so will be dependent in primary part upon our ability to satisfactorily complete the proto-types, to raise sufficient capital to fund these efforts, and to otherwise successfully implement our various market strategies under our business plan. Our failure to enter into any revenue-generating contracts would:
in the shorter-term, adversely affect our ability to:
complete other pending project proposals and introduce burner products using our technologies onto the market and to compete, with consequential delays in our ability to generate revenues and profits; and raise additional working capital; and
in the longer-term, force us to suspend our operations, and possibly even liquidate our assets and wind-up and dissolve our company unless we are otherwise able to raise sufficient working capital to fund our continuing operations until we enter into revenue-generating contracts in the farther future.
Even if we enter into revenue-generating contracts, we cannot give you any assurance that we will attain or sustain operating profitability as a result of these contracts.
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Our burner products are based upon burner technologies that are new and unique, and the failure of these products to achieve or sustain market acceptance would likely force us to suspend our operations, liquidate our assets, and wind-up and dissolve our company
The failure of our burner products to achieve or sustain market acceptance would likely force us to suspend our operations, liquidate our assets, and wind-up and dissolve our company. Products using our burner technologies must compete with established conventional steady-state burner technologies and conventional "tubular" pulse combustion technologies which have already achieved market acceptance. The design for our burner technologies is new and unique, and no products based upon our technologies and configurations have been commercially produced or sold to date, either by our company or by any of our competitors. Additionally, although there is a market for pulse combustion burner products using differently configured pulse burner technology designs, these products are not widely accepted by the market, and therefore not particularly useful as a precedent for the introduction of our pulse combustion burner technology.
As is typical in the case of any new technology, demand and market acceptance for products based upon new technologies are subject to a high level of uncertainty and risk, including the risk that the marketplace may not accept, or be receptive to, the potential benefits of these new products. The extent and pace of market acceptance of new burner products based upon our burner technologies will ultimately be a function of many variables, including the following:
the efficacy, performance and attributes of these new products;
the ability to obtain necessary regulatory approvals to commercially market these new products;
the effectiveness of marketing and sales efforts, including educating potential customers as to the distinctive characteristics and benefits of these new products; and
the ability to meet manufacturing and delivery schedules; and product pricing.
The extent and pace of market acceptance of products based upon our burner technologies will also depend upon general economic conditions affecting customers' purchasing patterns. Because the market for our burner technologies is new and evolving, it is difficult, if not impossible, to predict the future growth rate, and the size of the potential market. We cannot give you any assurance that a market for our burner technologies will develop or, if developed, will be sustainable.
Our inability to develop our sales, marketing and distribution capabilities either internally or through strategic partners or third party marketing and distribution companies would adversely affect our ability to introduce our products to the market, generate revenues and profits, and raise additional working capital, and may even force us to suspend our operations and possibly even liquidate our assets and wind-up and dissolve our company
We currently have no internal sales, marketing and distribution capabilities, and will likely be forced to rely extensively on strategic partners or third party marketing and distribution companies. Our failure to generate substantial sales through any strategic partners or distribution arrangements we procure or to otherwise develop our own internal sales, marketing and distribution capabilities would:
in the shorter-term, adversely affect our ability to:
introduce burner products using our technologies onto the market and to compete, with consequential delays in our ability to generate revenues and profits; and
raise additional working capital; and
in the longer-term, force us to suspend our operations, and possibly even liquidate our assets and wind-up and dissolve our company.
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As a consequence of our prospective reliance upon strategic partners or third party marketing and distribution partners, our ability to effectively market and distribute our burner products will be dependent in large part on the strength and financial condition of others, the expertise and relationships of our strategic partners or distributors and marketers with customers, and the interest of these parties in selling and marketing our products. Our prospective strategic partners and marketing and distribution parties may also market and distribute the products of other companies. If our relationships with any strategic partners or third party marketing and distribution partners were to terminate, we would need to either develop alternative relationships or develop our own internal sales and marketing forces to continue to sell our products. Even if we are able to develop our internal sales, marketing and distribution capabilities, these efforts would require significant cash and other resources that would be diverted from other uses, if available at all, and could cause delays or interruptions in our product supply to customers, which could result in the loss of significant sales or customers. We can give you no assurance that we will be successful in our efforts to engage strategic partners or third party marketing and distribution companies to meet our sales, marketing and distribution requirements.
Our strategic partners' or third party suppliers' failure to satisfy our manufacturing requirements would adversely affect our ability to introduce our products to the market, generate revenues and profits, and raise additional working capital, and may even force us to suspend our operations and possibly even liquidate our assets and wind-up and dissolve our company
We currently have no internal manufacturing capability, and will likely be forced to rely extensively on strategic partners or third party contract manufacturers or suppliers. A delay or interruption in the supply of components or finished products would:
in the shorter-term, adversely affect our ability to:
introduce burner products using our technologies onto the market and to compete, with consequential delays in our ability to generate revenues and profits; and raise additional working capital; and
in the longer-term, force us to suspend our operations, and possibly even liquidate our assets and wind-up and dissolve our company.
Should we be forced to manufacture our burner products, we cannot give you any assurance that we will be able to develop or internal manufacturing capability or procure third party suppliers. Moreover, we cannot give you any assurance that any contract manufacturers or suppliers we procure will be able to supply our product in a timely or cost effective manner or in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements or our specifications.
Our inability to increase the amount of financial resources for our research and development requirements would adversely affect our ability to introduce our products to the market and to generate revenues and profits
Due to the early developmental stage of our business, we have expended only limited amounts on research and development of our burner products to date, including development of project proto-types, and currently have very limited resources to devote to future research and development. Unless we are able to obtain and devote resources to our research and development efforts, including project proto-types, we may only be able to develop limited product offerings in the future and our ability to procure contracts or otherwise achieve market acceptance for our burner products will be limited. As a result, we may fail to achieve significant growth in revenues or profitability in the future.
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Our inability to achieve or sustain market acceptance for our burner products as a consequence of the intense competition that is prevalent in the conventional burner industry would likely force us to suspend our operations, liquidate our assets, and wind-up and dissolve our company
Products based upon our burner technologies will face intense domestic and foreign competition in all markets in which they are introduced from conventional products and technologies already being sold in these markets. The failure of our burner products to achieve or sustain market acceptance would likely force us to suspend our operations, liquidate our assets, and wind-up and dissolve our company. Additionally, many of our prospective competitors have significantly greater financial, technical and marketing resources and trade name recognition than ours, which may enable them to successfully develop and market products based on technologies or approaches similar to ours, or develop products based on other technologies or approaches which are, or may be, competitive with our burner technologies. The development by our competitors new or improved products, processes or technologies may make our burner technologies less competitive or obsolete. We will be req uired to devote significant financial and other resources to continue to develop our burner technologies in view of potential competition. We cannot give you any assurance that we will be able to initially penetrate or compete successfully within the heat transfer industry.
The loss of our technology licenses as a consequence of our failure to list our common shares on a national market would likely force us to suspend our operations, liquidate our assets, and wind-up and dissolve our company
The licensors of our pulse combustion and diesel fuel combustion technologies reserved several termination rights as a condition for their licensing these technologies to our company. The loss of either of our technology licenses would likely force us to suspend our operations, liquidate our assets, and wind-up and dissolve our company. Specifically:
Ravenscraig Properties, the licensor of our pulse combustion technology, reserves the right to terminate the Pulse Combustion Technology License if our common shares do not actively trade on a "national market", which we define under the license agreement as The New York Stock Exchange, The American Stock Exchange or The Nasdaq Stock Market, on or after March 5, 2004. Clean Energy would need to significantly improve our financial performance, including increasing our shareholders' equity and generating meaningful revenues and profits, and demonstrate a substantial shareholder base and public float in order to attain a listing on a national market. We can give you no assurance we will satisfy the listing criteria for any national market by March 5, 2004. Should Ravenscraig Properties, exercise this termination right, we reserve the right to over-ride Ravenscraig Properties' exercise by purchasing the pulse combustion technology outright for a form ula-based cash payment.
Mr. John D. Chato, the licensor of our diesel fuel combustion technology, reserves the right to terminate the Diesel Fuel Combustion Technology License if Ravenscraig Properties terminates the Pulse Combustion Technology License for the reasons stated above.
If we acquire title to our pulse combustion technology from Ravenscraig Properties by reason of our success in developing an active trading market on a national market, then Ravenscraig Properties will retain the right to repurchase the pulse combustion technology from us should we declare bankruptcy or become insolvent.
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We can give you no assurance in the event of the potential termination of either of our technology licenses that we will be able to preserve the license through the exercise of any cures or other protective rights available to us under the applicable technology license.
Our inability to retain our key managerial and research and development personnel would adversely affect our ability to introduce our products to the market, generate revenues and profits, and raise additional working capital, and may even force us to suspend our operations and possibly even liquidate our assets and wind-up and dissolve our company
Our success depends to a significant extent on the continued efforts of our research and development and senior management team, which currently is composed of a small number of individuals, including Mr. John D. Chato, the inventor of our licensed technologies who heads our research and development efforts on a contract basis through Clean Energy Technologies, Mr. R. Dirk Stinson, our President, and Mr. Barry A. Sheahan, our Chief Financial Officer. The loss of any of these management personnel would:
in the shorter-term, adversely affect our ability to:
complete our pending project proposals and introduce burner products using our technologies onto the market and to compete, with consequential delays in our ability to generate revenues and profits; and
raise additional working capital; and
Although Messrs. Chato, Stinson and Sheahan have signed research and development or management services agreements, we cannot give you any assurance that one or more of these employees will not leave our company. We also do not carry key person life insurance on any of our key management personnel.
Our inability to attract the qualified personnel engineering, managerial, sales and marketing and administrative personnel required to implement our growth strategies would impede our growth
Our ability to implement our growth strategies will be dependent upon our continuing ability to attract and retain highly qualified engineering, managerial, sales and marketing and administrative personnel. Our inability to attract and retain the necessary personnel would impede our growth. Competition for the type of personnel we require is intense and we cannot give you any assurance that we will be able to retain our key managerial and technical employees, or that we will be able to attract and retain additional highly qualified managerial and technical personnel in the future
Our inability to effectively manage our growth would adversely affect our ability to introduce our products to the market, generate revenues and profits, and raise additional working capital
Our success will depend upon the rapid expansion of our business. Our inability to effectively manage our growth, or the failure of our new personnel to achieve anticipated performance levels, would adversely affect our ability to:
complete our pending project proposals and introduce burner products using our technologies onto the market and to compete, with consequential delays in our ability to generate revenues and profits; and
raise additional working capital.
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Expansion will place a significant strain on our financial, management and other resources, and will require us, among other things, to:
change, expand and improve our operating, managerial and financial systems and controls;
improve he coordination between our various corporate functions; and
hire additional engineering, sales and marketing, customer service and managerial personnel.
We cannot give you any assurance that our efforts to hiring or retain these personnel will be successful, or that we will be able to manage the expansion of our business effectively.
Our inability to protect our patents and proprietary rights would force us to suspend our operations and possibly even liquidate our assets and wind-up and dissolve our company
Our ability to compete effectively will be materially dependent upon the proprietary nature of our designs, processes, technologies and materials. The invalidation or circumvention of key patents or proprietary rights which we own or license would likely force us to suspend our operations, liquidate our assets, and wind-up and dissolve our company.
Although we protect our proprietary property, technologies and processes through a combination of patent law, trade secrets and non-disclosure agreements, we cannot give you any assurance that these measures will prove to be effective. For example, in the case of patents, we cannot give you any assurance that our or our licensors' existing patents will not be invalidated, that any patents that we or our licensors' currently or prospectively apply for will be granted, or that any of these patents will ultimately provide significant commercial benefits. Moreover, it is possible that competing companies may circumvent any patents that we or our licensors may hold by developing products which closely emulate but do not infringe our or our these patents, and accordingly market products that compete with our products without obtaining a license from us.
In addition to patented or potentially patentable designs, technologies, processes and materials, we also rely on proprietary designs, technologies, processes and know-how not eligible for patent protection. We cannot give you any assurance that our competitors will not independently develop the same or superior designs, technologies, processes and know-how as we possess.
We believe that the international market for our products and technologies is as important as the domestic market, and we will therefore seek patent protection for our products and technologies or those of our licensors in selected foreign countries. Because of the differences in foreign patent and other laws concerning proprietary rights, our products and technologies may not receive the same degree of protection in a number of foreign countries as they would in the United States.
We cannot give you any assurance that we will be able to successfully defend our patents and proprietary rights. We also cannot give you any assurance that we will not be required to defend against litigation involving the patents or proprietary rights of others, or that we will be able to obtain licenses for these rights. Legal and accounting costs relating to prosecuting or defending patent infringement litigation may be substantial.
Our revenues and profits may be adversely affected by currency fluctuation, regulatory, political and other risks associated with international transactions
We intend to sell our products and technologies internationally as well as to the United States and within Canada. This will subject us to various risks associated with international transactions that may adversely effect our results of operations, including risks associated with:
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fluctuating exchange rates,
the regulation by the governments of the United States and Canada as well as foreign governments of fund transfers and export and import duties and tariffs; and
political instability.
We do not currently engage in activities to mitigate the effects of foreign currency fluctuations, and we anticipate we will be paid in U.S. dollars with respect to any international transactions we may enter into. If earnings from international operations increase, our exposure to fluctuations in foreign currencies may increase, and we may utilize forward exchange rate contracts or engage in other efforts to mitigate foreign currency risks. We can give no you assurance as to the effectiveness of these efforts in limiting any adverse effects of foreign currency fluctuations on our international operations and our overall results of operations.
Risks Relating to Our Securities
There is only a limited public market for the common shares on the OTC Bulletin Board and that market is extremely volatile
There is only a limited public market for the common shares on the OTC Electronic Bulletin Board, and we cannot give you any assurance that a broader or more active public trading market for the common shares will develop or be sustained, or that current trading levels will be sustained.
The market price for the common shares on the OTC Bulletin Board has been and we anticipate will continue to be extremely volatile and subject to significant price and volume fluctuations in response to a variety of external and internal factors. This is especially true with respect to emerging companies such as ours. Examples of external factors, which can generally be described as factors that are unrelated to the operating performance or financial condition of any particular company, include changes in interest rates and worldwide economic and market conditions, as well as changes in industry conditions, such as changes in the cost of components and energy, regulatory and environment rules, announcements of technology innovations or new products by other companies, and quarterly fluctuation in our or in our competitors' operating results. Examples of internal factors, which can generally be described as factors that are directly related to our operating performance or finan cial condition, would include release of reports by securities analysts and announcements we may make from time-to-time relative to our ability to enter into contracts or other arrangement, our operating performance, advances in our technology or other business developments specific to our company. Any of these external or internal factors could have a significant impact on the price of our common shares or other securities on the public market.
Because we are a development stage enterprise with a limited operating history and no revenues or profits to date, the market price for the common shares is more volatile than that of a seasoned issuer. Changes in the market price of the common shares, for example, may have no connection with our operating results or business prospects. No predictions can be made as to what the prevailing market price for the common shares will be at any time, or as to what effect, if any, that the sale of shares or the availability of common shares for sale at any time will have on the prevailing market price.
Sales of substantial amounts of the common shares on the public market, or the perception that substantial sales could occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market prices for those shares and also, to the extent the prevailing market price for the common shares is reduced, adversely impact our ability to raise additional capital in the equity markets. In addition, employees, directors and consultants of Clean Energy currently hold vested options entitling them to acquire 429,305 common shares. Should these persons exercise these options, it is likely they would sell some or all of the underlying common shares on the public markets in order to procure liquidity to pay taxes as well as other reasons they may deem pertinent.
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You will be subject to the penny stock rules to the extent our stock price on the OTC Bulletin Board is less than $5
Since the common shares are not listed on a national stock exchange or quoted on the Nasdaq Market within the United States, trading in the common shares on the OTC Electronic Bulletin Board is subject, to the extent the market price for the common shares is less than $5 per share, to a number of regulations known as the "penny stock rules". The penny stock rules require a broker-dealer to deliver a standardized risk disclosure document prepared by the SEC, to provide the customer with additional information including current bid and offer quotations for the penny stock, the compensation of the broker-dealer and its salesperson in the transaction, monthly account statements showing the market value of each penny stock held in the customer's account, and to make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the purchaser's written agreement to the transaction. To the extent these requirements may be a pplicable they will reduce the level of trading activity in the secondary market for the common shares and may severely and adversely affect the ability of broker-dealers to sell the common shares.
You should not expect to receive a liquidation distribution
If you hold common shares and were we to wind-up and dissolve our company and liquidate and distribute our assets, you would share ratably with our other common shareholders in our assets only after we satisfy the following obligations calculated as of September 30, 2002:
any amounts we would owe to our creditors ($1,271,156);
any amounts we would owe to our series 'A' preferred shareholders as a liquidation preference ($1,000);
any amounts we would owe to our series 'B' preferred shareholders as a liquidation preference ($333,336); and
any amounts we would owe to our series 'C' preferred shareholders as a liquidation preference ($0).
If our liquidation were attributable to our inability to profitably operate our business, then it is likely that we would have material liabilities at the time of liquidation or dissolution. We cannot give you any assurance that sufficient assets will remain available after the payment of our creditors and preferred shareholders to enable you to receive any liquidation distribution with respect to any common shares or other securities of our company you may hold.
Our current principal shareholders will continue to control our company, and will accordingly retain the power to substantially influence corporate actions that conflict with the interests of public shareholders
Our present executive officers and directors will, as a group, hold approximately 51% of our common shares and, as consequence, hold the power to substantially influence corporate actions that conflict with the interests of our public shareholders, including:
our business expansion or acquisition policies;
whether we should raise additional capital through financing or equity sources, and in what amounts;
whether we should retain cash reserves for future product development, or distribute them as a dividend, and in what amounts;
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whether we should sell all or a substantial portion of our assets, or should merge or consolidate with another corporation; and
transactions which may cause or prevent a change in control or the winding-up and dissolution of our company.
While our series 'A' preferred shareholders generally do not have the right to vote, we cannot effectuate any of the following transactions or actions without their consent and approval:
the declaration or payment of any dividend (other than a stock split) to our common or preferred shareholders;
the redemption or purchase of common or preferred shares;
the sale of our principal assets or business;
a merger or consolidation of our company with any other company;
the liquidation or dissolution of our company,
the assignment of our assets to our creditors, or
a filing for bankruptcy by our company.
An investment in our common shares or other securities will entail you entrusting these and similar decisions to our present management and principal shareholders subject, of course, to their fiduciary duties and the business judgment rule.
Our right to issue additional capital stock at any time could have an adverse effect on your proportionate ownership and voting rights
Our Certificate of Incorporation currently authorizes us to issue 15,000,000 common shares, and 1,000,000 preferred shares, including 248,999 serial or "blank check" preferred shares that will contain rights, preferences and privileges to be prospectively fixed by our board of directors at the time of issuance-without shareholder consent or approval-based upon any factors our board of directors may deem relevant at that time. Our board of directors and shareholders have also approved an increase in our authorized capital to 25,000,000 common shares and 1,500,000 preferred shares. It is likely that we will be required to issue a large amount of additional securities to raise capital to further our development and marketing plans, particularly our coal project. If you are a common shareholder, your proportionate ownership and voting rights could be adversely effected by the issuance of additional common, series 'C' convertible or "blank check" preferr ed shares, depending on their rights, preferences and privileges, including a substantial dilution in your net tangible book value per share. We cannot give you any assurance that we will not issue shares of capital stock under circumstances we may deem appropriate at the time.
A third party acquisition of our company would be difficult due to "anti-takeover" provisions contained in our charter documents and provided for under Delaware corporate law
Some of the provisions contained in our charter documents and Delaware corporate law may discourage transactions involving an actual or potential change in control of our company, and may limit the ability of our shareholders to approve these transactions should they deem them to be in their best interests. For example, our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws:
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reserve the right to fill any vacancies in any Non-Series A Director positions exclusively to our Board of Directors;
stipulate that our Non-Series A Directors can only be removed for cause;
require any action to be taken by our common and series 'B' preferred shareholders to be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of those shareholders, and prohibit those shareholders from effecting any action by written consent unless approved by a two-thirds affirmative vote of their shares;
reserve the right to call special meetings of our common and series 'B' preferred shareholders exclusively to our Board of Directors and designated executive officers; and
require any amendments to the preceding provisions to be approved by a two-thirds affirmative vote of our shareholders.
We are also subject to section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law which generally prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any of a broad range of business combinations with any ''interested shareholder'' for a period of three years following the date that shareholder became an interested shareholder.
Our Board of Directors also has the authority to fix the rights and preferences of and issue our "blank check" preferred shares without the approval of our common shareholder and, in some cases, our series 'B' and series 'C' preferred shareholders. Any "blank check" preferred shares we issue could also be utilized as a method for raising additional capital or discouraging, delaying or preventing a change in control of our company. We cannot give you any assurance that we will not issue "blank check" preferred shares under circumstances we may deem appropriate at the time.
As of the date of this report, there are:
no material pending legal or governmental proceedings relating to our company or properties to which we are a party, or to our knowledge any proceeding of this nature which are being contemplated or threatened; and
to our knowledge, no material proceedings to which any of our directors, executive officers or affiliates are a party adverse to us or which have a material interest adverse to us.
Changes In Securities And Use Of Proceeds
Not Applicable
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not Applicable
Submission Of Matters To A Vote Of Security Holders
Our annual meeting of shareholders was held on October 18, 2002. At that meeting our common and series 'B' preferred shareholders voted as a class, by a unanimous vote of the 6,642,135 shares voting in person or by proxy, to re-elect Messrs. John D. Chato, John P. Thuot, Barry A. Sheahan, R. Dirk Stinson, L. Clive Boulton, William D. Jackson and John L. Howard as our seven non-series 'A' directors, with their term of office to extend until the next annual meeting of
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shareholders and until their successors are duly elected and qualified. At that meeting our common and series 'B' shareholders as a class also ratified the appointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP to serve as our independent auditors for our pending fiscal year which will end December 31, 2002 by a unanimous vote of the 6,642,135 shares voting in person or by proxy. There were no broker non-votes with respect to any matter presented for vote at our annual meeting.
Not Applicable
Exhibits And Reports On form 8-K
None
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this quarterly report on form 10-Q to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Dated at Burnaby, British Columbia, this 8th day of November, 2002.
Clean Energy Combustion Systems, Inc. |
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By: /s/ R. Dirk Stinson |
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R. Dirk Stinson |
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By: /s/ Barry A. Sheahan |
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Barry A. Sheahan, C.A. |
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