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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2001
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________ to ________
Commission File No. 000-29347
LIGHTSPAN, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE 33-0585210
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization)
10140 CAMPUS POINT DRIVE
SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92121-1520
(Address of principal executive office) (Zip Code)
(858) 824-8000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
COMMON STOCK
(Title of Each Class)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required
to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter periods that the registrant was
required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. YES [X] NO [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405
of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. [ ]
As of March 31, 2001, the aggregate market value of registrant's voting and
non-voting stock held by non-affiliates, based upon the closing sales price for
the registrant's common stock, as reported on the Nasdaq National Market, was
approximately $38.0 million. To determine this aggregate market value, the
registrant has excluded from the total number of shares outstanding as of March
31, 2001 shares of common stock held by each officer and director and by each
person who owns 5% or more of the outstanding common stock as such persons may
be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not
necessarily a conclusive determination for any other purposes.
Number of shares of registrant's common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2001:
46,119,081
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant's Proxy Statement for its 2001 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders to be held on June 28, 2001, are incorporated by reference into
Part III of this Report.
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LIGHTSPAN, INC.
2001 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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PART I................................................................................................ 2
Item 1. Business................................................................................ 2
Item 2. Properties.............................................................................. 21
Item 3. Legal Proceedings....................................................................... 21
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders..................................... 21
PART II............................................................................................... 22
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters................... 22
Item 6. Selected Financial Data................................................................. 23
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations... 24
Item 7a. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.............................. 33
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data............................................. 33
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.... 33
PART III.............................................................................................. 34
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant...................................... 34
Item 11. Executive Compensation.................................................................. 34
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management.......................... 34
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.......................................... 34
PART IV............................................................................................... 35
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K........................ 35
SIGNATURES............................................................................................ 38
The following are trademarks or service marks of Lightspan, Inc.:
- - The Lightspan Network(R) - Your School Online - eduTest@School
- - Global Schoolhouse(R) - Lightspan Adventures - eduTest@School Plus
- - StudyWeb(R) - Learning Search - Lightspan Achieve Now
- - Lightspan Partnership - Academic Systems Online(TM)
- - Lightspan - AcademicOnline 2000 - School Focus
- - Lightspan Achieve Now - Academic.com - Family Focus
- - Lightspan.com - eduTest.com - LearningPlanet.com
- - Your Class Online - Ed-mail(R)
All other trade names, trademarks and service marks appearing in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K are the property of their holders.
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
In addition to historical information, the discussion in this Annual
Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements including statements
relating to our future financial performance and operations. These
forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. The
actual results may differ materially from those stated in these forward-looking
statements as a result of many factors, including, but not limited to, those
discussed in the sections in this Annual Report entitled "Competition", "Risk
Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations" and elsewhere in this Annual Report and in any other
documents incorporated by reference into this Annual Report. Do not place undue
reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect our opinions only as
of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any of these
forward-looking statements. You should carefully review the risk factors
described in this document as well as in other documents that we file from time
to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Quarterly
Reports on Form 10-Q that we will file during our 2002 fiscal year.
INTRODUCTION
Lightspan, Inc. provides curriculum-based educational software and
Internet products and services used both in school and at home. We were founded
in 1993 on the philosophy of using technology to increase student achievement by
providing exceptional curriculum products that are used in classrooms and that
are also used at home. Our technology, delivery systems and content help
increase student interest in learning and assessment, parental involvement in
their children's education, and productive interaction among teachers, parents
and students. Nearly 700 studies by schools that use our products and services
indicate that our products improve overall student performance.
Lightspan Achieve Now, our product for students in kindergarten through
eighth grade, or K-8, is a series of media-rich, interactive software programs
that covers the core curriculum- language arts, reading and math. We sell it
exclusively to schools and school districts for use in both the classroom and at
home. As of January 31, 2001, the Lightspan Achieve Now curriculum has already
been purchased by over 1,000 school districts in 46 states and implemented in
approximately 3,300 schools and approximately 15,700 classrooms, representing a
total of approximately 178,300 student and teacher licenses. Our higher
education products provide a series of curriculum-based software that addresses
the math and writing needs of under-prepared college students. As of January 31,
2001, these products are in use in over 290 colleges and universities across the
United States. Also as of January 31, 2001, our Internet products and services
for students in schools in pre-kindergarten through eighth grade are used in
over 30,000 schools, of which over 2,800 schools are using our fee based
subscription services- The Lightspan Network and our online assessment products
eduTest.com. In January 2001, Lightspan.com was used by over 571,000 unique
users.
Our objective is to become the leading provider of technology-delivered,
curriculum-based supplemental study materials and online assessment services in
pre-school through higher education. To achieve this objective, we expect to
draw on the educational technology and Internet experience of our entire
management team to pursue the following strategies:
- capitalize on our current market position;
- enhance our Lightspan Achieve Now curriculum with content delivery
available through new Internet and broadband technologies;
- continue to promote and enhance our fee-based subscription
Internet products; and
- evaluate strategic relationships.
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Through June 1996, our activities consisted primarily of designing and
developing Lightspan Achieve Now. To supplement our product offerings, we
introduced The Lightspan Network in January 1997. We acquired Academic Systems
Corporation and Global Schoolhouse in September 1999 and StudyWeb in October
1999. We also introduced Lightspan.com in September 1999. We changed our name to
Lightspan, Inc. in April 2000. In May 2000, we acquired LearningPlanet.com and
in June 2000, we acquired Edutest, Inc. In August 2000, we introduced Lightspan
Achieve Now version 2.0.
PRODUCTS OVERVIEW
Our products and services are technology-based educational tools and
resources that can be used by teachers, students and families to increase
student achievement.
Approximately 700 studies by schools that use our products and services
indicate our products increase student performance in reading/language arts and
mathematics. Assuming the average student performs at the 50th percentile, and
over the two year period comprising school years 1998-2000, for every 100
students in a nationally representative sample, students at schools that
implemented the Lightspan Achieve Now program outperformed the control group by
27% in reading/language arts and outperformed the control group by 23% in
mathematics, as described in Lightspan's implementation guidance. Lightspan
Achieve Now curriculum has been included as a skill-and-content-based reform
model eligible for funding by the U.S. Department of Education's Comprehensive
School Reform Demonstration program.
Several independent studies conducted by colleges that use our higher
education products have shown that our products which address the math and
writing needs of under-prepared college students, compared to traditional
lecture taught courses, increase pass rates, keep more students enrolled in the
courses covered and increase students' performance in follow-on course work.
K-8 SOFTWARE
Lightspan Achieve Now is a series of media-rich, interactive software
programs that covers the core curriculum of language arts, reading and math, and
is designed to enhance learning both in the classroom and at home. Lightspan
Achieve Now is a supplement to textbooks and other materials used in K-8 schools
and covers more than 80% of the typical K-8 reading, language arts and
mathematics curricula. Lightspan Achieve Now incorporates a variety of
interactive formats and varying levels of difficulty to cover a specific set of
educational objectives and to address a diverse range of learning styles, making
it possible to reach each student in a class more effectively. The Lightspan
Achieve Now curriculum features stories and original characters designed around
an interactive approach, which is intended to provide the student with essential
components of an effective learning environment, including motivation to master
a skill or concept, learning by doing, practice and application of the skill or
concept to another situation.
We deliver our reading and language arts and mathematics curricula in
imaginary "worlds" - episodic, interactive series with a consistent set of
characters that are designed to cover a broad range of curriculum objectives.
Generally, each world is contained on a series of CD-ROMs, or titles, which are
divided into multiple "Adventures." Our Adventures are developed with the
assistance of an advisory board of reading, language arts and mathematics
educators, an advisory board of video game developers, television writers and
commercial animators. The Lightspan Achieve Now curriculum was developed using
entertainment industry production techniques and features full motion digital
video and 3-D animation.
Our Lightspan Achieve Now language arts and reading curriculum provides a
variety of learning paths, all with a single objective - improving literacy and
communication - and is designed to ensure that all students succeed in
listening, speaking, reading, writing, viewing and producing. The Adventures
that comprise our Lightspan Achieve Now reading and language arts curriculum
address vocabulary comprehension, critical thinking skills, study skills, the
writing process, print and text recognition, phonics, decoding, and many other
areas covered by the typical K-8 reading and language arts curriculum.
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Our Lightspan Achieve Now math curriculum is designed to provide a set of
experiences that increase student confidence and encourage students to solve
problems, think mathematically and apply and communicate their thoughts. The
Adventures that comprise our Lightspan Achieve Now mathematics curriculum
address number sense, critical thinking, number theory, estimation, geometry and
many other areas covered by the typical K-8 mathematics curriculum.
Lightspan Achieve Now licenses are sold on a perpetual license basis for
approximately $600 to $700 per student license and $2,750 per teacher license
including materials and professional development. A complete Lightspan Achieve
Now program consists of teacher licenses containing up to 35 CD-ROM titles
appropriate to each grade level, instructional materials, student licenses for
each student containing the same CD-ROM titles as those included with the
teacher licenses, student pre-tests, post-tests and progress checks, parenting
and other materials, professional development visits, and evaluation criteria to
meet accountability standards. There are a total of 79 separate CD-ROM titles,
some of which are included in more than one grade cluster.
In August 2000, we released Lightspan Achieve Now version 2.0, which
supplements its predecessor program, Lightspan Achieve Now. Lightspan Achieve
Now version 2.0, which was available for delivery in August 2000, is designed
for students in kindergarten through grade six and enhances the reading,
language arts and mathematics content by including two new Lightspan Adventures
CDs. These new Lightspan Adventures include lessons in phonics, phonemic
awareness, reading comprehension and vocabulary development. This balanced
literacy program contains a structured curriculum that is designed to be
flexible enough to meet the needs of teachers who use instructional strategies
based on both phonics and whole-language for teaching students to read. These
new Adventures are supported with curriculum materials and professional
development to help teachers implement the program effectively.
Lightspan Achieve Now version 2.0 also contains an online component that
is available when a school also subscribes to The Lightspan Network, Lightspan's
premier online resource for classrooms. Teachers, students and parents can log
on to Lightspan Achieve Now Online(TM), which correlates directly with the
Lightspan Achieve Now curriculum, to access new learning activities and
resources that support the extended use and implementation of Lightspan Achieve
Now such as the School Focus channel which features lesson plans linked to the
Lightspan Achieve Now software and online progress tests, the Lightspan
Adventures channel which features all new reading, language arts and mathematics
activities tied to school objectives, and the Family Focus channel which
features over 900 online learning activities in both English and Spanish.
Lightspan Achieve Now version 2.0 also includes a series of six
professional development CDs providing teachers with information on the latest
teaching strategies to help them tailor their instruction to meet the needs of
each student.
Lightspan Achieve Now's curriculum runs on both PlayStation game consoles
and on MPEG-capable, Windows-based personal computers, though use at home is
currently almost always on PlayStation game consoles. We plan to continue
development of new titles to meet changing education trends, to refresh the
product over time and to continue to support both the PlayStation game console
and PC platforms.
K-12 INTERNET
Our Internet products and services provide teachers, students and parents
with a wide array of online learning resources.
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Lightspan.com
All of our Internet products and services can be accessed through
www.lightspan.com. We plan to maintain and provide moderate level enhancements
to the subscription products and services offered through Lightspan.com.
The Lightspan Network
The Lightspan Network is our premium online subscription service for
classroom and home use. It provides a rich array of curriculum-based K-12
content correlated to state academic standards in an advertising-free
environment. We charge a subscription fee of approximately $3,000 annually to
each subscribing school for The Lightspan Network. The Lightspan Network:
- provides curriculum-based Internet activities and lesson plans
aligned to state standards;
- offers approximately 100 interactive, curriculum-based,
adventure-filled learning activities developed by educators that
cover reading, mathematics, writing, vocabulary development, and
Web literacy;
- provides access to a database of over 140,000 educational Web
sites, activities and lesson plans that have been reviewed by
educators and correlated to state standards;
- offers teachers Ed-mail, a personal e-mail account featuring
special security measures created specifically for use in schools;
- provides tools to enhance Internet research and student learning
with an encyclopedia subscription; and
- offers customer support through our professional development staff
and access to our telephone help line.
Online Assessment
In June 2000, we acquired Edutest, Inc., a provider of Internet-based
educational testing and assessment products. This acquisition extends our
offerings of Internet-based solutions for the K-12 market and furthers our
commitment to improve assessment and achievement for all students. Edutest
offers a combination of online assessment products, eduTest@School and
eduTest@School Plus, with proprietary test questions covering language arts,
mathematics, history and science, allowing educators to assess their students'
progress in the classroom. The results can be analyzed at the school district
level, the school level, and the classroom. As we integrate this technology into
our existing fee-based subscription Internet products, we will be increasing our
ability to take advantage of potential growth in educational spending in
e-learning, educational reform, and accountability programs.
Global Schoolhouse
In September 1999, we acquired Global Schoolhouse, a Web site that
enables classroom to classroom collaboration by allowing educators to share
ideas and create projects together online. Global Schoolhouse began as a pilot
project of the National Science Foundation. Global Schoolhouse has teamed with
individuals, schools, businesses, and community organizations to design, develop
and manage hundreds of collaborative online learning projects each year. Global
Schoolhouse offers:
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- Cyberfair, an annual global Internet competition for children in
grades K-12, who showcase their local communities by designing
their own Web sites;
- CU-Schools Videoconferencing, a real-time, community-building
conferencing system that lets students and their teachers learn
and collaborate online; and
- Internet Projects Registry, a registry of classroom projects from
teachers all over the world.
HIGHER EDUCATION
Academic Systems ("Academic"), our higher education division, has
products that address the needs of under-prepared college students, consisting
of:
- Interactive Mathematics - Elementary Algebra, Algebra,
Intermediate Algebra and College Algebra, which cover topics
ranging from whole numbers, proportional reasoning, signed numbers
and introductory geometry and algebra to non-linear functions,
equations, conic sections, matrices, determinants, induction,
sequences and counting;
- Interactive English, which prepares students for academic writing,
including narrative writing, data analysis, text interpretation,
and persuasive writing, and contains concise grammar instructions
on common college writing errors and related reading and
comprehension activities;
- AcademicOnline 2000, which is the Web-enhanced Interactive
Mathematics and Interactive English product line. Colleges may
implement AcademicOnline 2000 using client workstations that are
located solely within an intranet, on the Internet (a distance
learning configuration), or with a combination of intranet and
Internet-based workstations; and
- Academic.com, which is a complete Internet-based product offering
that helps faculty create, manage and teach courses online. Based
upon Blackboard, Inc.'s authoring platform, Academic.com offers a
complete suite of Internet-based instructional tools, content and
services. The goal is to provide students with engaging,
interactive learning activities that can be accessed anytime and
anywhere.
Academic's products are media-rich with extensive graphics and video
components and are grounded in teaching techniques that focus on students as
individuals. Students take the courses in a computer lab or on a Windows-based
personal computer in their residence, at their own pace. Students review lessons
and then practice the concepts learned. Depending upon the student's performance
in the practice session, the program prompts further review or moves the student
onto the next lesson. Wrong answers will prompt an explanation of how to solve
the question. For example, in the Elementary Algebra course, there is a special
help function featuring video characters. Each character represents a different
learning style and offers multiple approaches to solving the problem, ranging
from showing the method that can be used to solve the problem, to explaining the
solution with a picture or graph, to providing the solution from a theoretical
perspective. This often provides the help that under-prepared college students
need to pass the course and succeed in school. Academic also offers printed
practice materials.
Academic provides management services to educators who use its
curriculum, typically by compiling and communicating information about student
time-on-task and performance while using the curriculum. These management
services can be accessed on the Internet at Academic.com or a college's Web
site, and also on a college's local area network.
Academic curriculum products are licensed to colleges and then sold by
the licensing colleges to students on a student-by-student basis for use with
each class, instead of a textbook. The licensing fee to colleges of $60 to $80
per student is approximately equal to an equivalent textbook.
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SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
Financial information about our K-12 and Higher Education products and
services is incorporated herein by reference to Note 10 "Reportable Segments" of
the Notes to the Lightspan consolidated financial statements included in Part II
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Since inception, substantially all of our
revenues have been attributable to, all of our long-lived assets have been
located in, and all of our operations have been conducted in the United States
and Puerto Rico.
PRODUCT DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT
We consider successful product development to be essential to maintaining
and growing our market position and have incurred $25.8 million, $12.4 million
and $10.6 million in related technology and development expenses for the years
ended January 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. We expect to continue
enhancing our Lightspan Achieve Now and higher education curricula and our
fee-based subscription Internet products and services.
Lightspan Achieve Now products include a diverse mix of media, formats,
and visual presentations. Every Lightspan Adventure is built according to the
following fundamental design principles, which we believe differentiate our
products from competitive products:
- we correlate each title to state and national academic standards;
- we create interesting characters in engaging stories that unfold
with the help of full-screen, full-motion video and music, and
with sophisticated interactivity representing many of the
techniques of the latest video games; and
- we develop assessment components for the teacher to monitor
students' progress for each of the titles.
All Lightspan Achieve Now programs are designed so they can be used on a
television via a PlayStation game console as well as on a computer screen
through desktop or laptop personal computers. Text elements are rendered on the
screen for clear visibility from across the room. Live action video and
animation segments are converted from original footage to the MPEG software
format, and then digitally optimized for a sharp television picture. We believe
these design features offer a unique opportunity to be able to transition our
Lightspan Achieve Now curriculum to a digital set-top box once broadband
technology becomes widely available to cable television subscribers. We also
believe that our competitors who have designed their educational technology for
use only on a personal computer will experience difficulties in converting their
computer interfaces to television interfaces, and that we are better positioned
to move our products to a digital set-top box platform.
Academic's math and English products combine media-rich video and
graphics with teaching techniques that focus on students as individuals and
offer extensive help and reinforcement examples. The Academic curriculum is
reviewed each school year based on input from user groups made up of faculty
from across the country, and updated when appropriate.
SALES AND MARKETING
We sell our Lightspan Achieve Now curriculum and The Lightspan Network
directly to schools and school districts. We identify and target school
districts that routinely implement new and innovative programs. Our programs are
generally sold "top down," with the first presentations made to a school
district's key decision maker, who is often the superintendent or assistant
superintendent in charge of curriculum or technology. Schools are becoming more
involved in the decision process as site-based management is implemented within
school districts. The sales cycle for the initial purchase of our Lightspan
Achieve Now curriculum is typically six to twelve months, sometimes with shorter
periods for The Lightspan Network.
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A school district will typically purchase the Lightspan Achieve Now
curriculum for a few classrooms in one school. Upon the successful
implementation of the Lightspan Achieve Now curriculum, the school district will
typically add the curriculum in other schools within the district. The product
is also often sold within the original school, either in additional classrooms
in a given grade or to additional grade levels.
As of January 31, 2001, we employed 104 sales professionals which include
direct and internal salespeople and sales mangers for grades K-12. As of that
date, this sales force was supported by a 109-person professional development
team that provides pre- and post-sales support and works with current Lightspan
schools to identify additional sales opportunities. While our sales force and
professional development team are focused on selling into new accounts and
increasing our presence in current accounts, they also act as partners with
implementing schools in identifying funding sources. Each member of our sales
force has substantial experience as an educator, teacher, and/or administrator
coupled with a background in educational technology sales. The salesperson is
generally working in his or her home territory and has extensive contacts in
school districts within their territory.
Our marketing efforts include:
- hosting policy forums for education policy makers at industry
events;
- keynote speeches and presentations at major education conventions;
- participating on the advisory boards of key organizations in
education;
- advertising in major education industry publications;
- direct marketing and direct mail activities;
- customizing marketing materials to target key opportunities such
as summer school and after school programs, English as a Second
Language, Migrant Education, and Urban Education programs;
- presenting at education trade shows and customer conferences;
- pursuing focused media relations activities in the national media,
education trade press and in local media in communities that are
implementing our Lightspan Achieve Now curriculum; and
- driving statewide sales of our fee-based subscription Internet
products and services.
Our 104 person sales force includes an inside sales organization of 6
people to support our sales efforts in the field. This new operation, located in
Denver, is staffed by sales people with experience supporting institutional
sales, via telemarketing techniques. Their focus is on qualifying leads, selling
and renewing our internet subscription products.
In addition to our 104 sales professionals that focuses on selling our
Achieve Now curriculum and fee-based subscription Internet products, at January
31, 2001, Academic employed 20 sales professionals which include direct
salespeople and sales mangers. As of that date, this sales force was supported
by a 10-person professional development team that provides pre- and post-sales
support focusing primarily on the higher education market. Academic's sales and
marketing efforts focus on statewide and system-wide sales, and specifically
target potential purchasers that offer opportunities for the Academic Systems
curriculum to multiple college class sections. A typical initial sale of the
Academic curriculum will be for several sections in a college course. As the
faculty becomes familiar with the Academic curriculum and witnesses improved
results from sections that are using the curriculum, Academic's contracts are
generally renewed and increased. Over 90% of the institutions that have
installed any portion of the Academic curriculum since it was first offered
remain as installed users. In addition, over 70% of institutions that
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have renewed their contracts with Academic over its last four fiscal years have
signed larger contracts. Academic's marketing efforts include print advertising
in periodicals directed at the higher education market, direct marketing,
participation at trade shows, and user conferences.
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND SUPPORT SERVICES
We believe that successfully implementing our products and services in
schools and extending them to the home is necessary to realize potential
improvements in student achievement. We also believe that independently
validated improvements in student achievement differentiate the Lightspan
Achieve Now curriculum from products offered by our competitors and generate
further support at the district and school level for expanded sales. Our goal is
to become the partner of schools that implement our products and services. Given
the comprehensive nature of the Lightspan Achieve Now curriculum, its connection
of schools to homes, the rapid technological changes resulting from the
Internet, and educators' needs for ongoing technical training and mentoring, we
have committed substantial resources to train educators in the use of our
products and services.
As of January 31, 2001, we maintained a staff of 119 trained
professionals, most of whom are former educators, to provide pre-sale planning
and post-sale implementation, customer support, training services and motivation
for teachers, administrators and parents in Lightspan schools. We also operate a
toll-free, five-day per week technical and curriculum support telephone help
line called Partner Line that is accessible to both teachers and parents. We
include professional development and Partner Line services with the initial
purchase of Lightspan Achieve Now. Schools may purchase additional professional
development or support services. We believe that the on-site training provided
by our professional development staff is a key factor in encouraging school
districts to implement Lightspan products in more schools within the district
and in additional classrooms within an individual school.
We provide pre-sale and post-sale support for college campuses that use
our Academic curriculum in a manner similar to that provided for our Lightspan
Achieve Now curriculum, with a greater emphasis on technical support and
installation related to the Web-based or local area networked student management
system. Installation and support are included with the software license and
additional services may be purchased.
RIGHTS TO CONTENT
We rely principally upon a combination of copyright, trademark and trade
secret laws and contractual restrictions to protect our proprietary rights.
We developed and own the rights to nearly all of the content within the
Lightspan Achieve Now curriculum, including the worlds, characters, stories,
educational content, and games. We hold trademarks to all of our Lightspan
Achieve Now worlds, our individual CD-ROM titles, and many of our characters. We
also hold trademarks on our Edutest products eduTest@School and eduTest@School
Plus.
SEASONALITY
Our operating results are expected to vary significantly from quarter to
quarter because of seasonal influences on demand for our Lightspan Achieve Now,
fee-based subscription Internet and Academic Systems curricula products and
services based on school calendars, budget cycles, source and timing of school
districts' funding. Our Lightspan Achieve Now license transactions have
historically been highest in our second fiscal quarter, and lowest in our first
fiscal quarter. In July 2000, we recognized the remaining Achieve Now deferred
software license revenue as the remaining titles were completed and shipped
during the second quarter. As a result, our reported revenue for that quarter
and previous quarters was not indicative of our underlying business in those
periods. See "Change in Revenue Recognition Policy" in Management's Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Operating Results for further
discussion.
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COMPETITION
The market for educational technology content and services is highly
fragmented and competitive, with no company having significant market
penetration. We generally compete for school instructional dollars with textbook
publishers, software publishers, supplemental print publishers, Internet content
and service providers, and training services, among others. We believe our
solution is unique and competes favorably with existing products in these
categories on a price and performance basis.
In the instructional technology segment of this market, we believe our
existing and prospective competitors may be divided into the following groups:
- comprehensive curriculum software publishers which offer various
school-based computer-based learning systems.
- "edutainment" software vendors, which principally target the
consumer market but also sell to schools;
- education-oriented Internet services and the educational segments
of general on-line service providers;
- distance learning providers; and
- programs that take over management of the school or provide
substantial tutoring help.
As Internet and broadband services become more widely deployed in K-12
and colleges, we believe new and unidentified competition will enter the market.
Traditional media companies and rapidly expanding Internet companies are likely
to present new competition. Many of our current and potential competitors have
longer operating histories, larger customer or user bases, greater brand
recognition and significantly greater financial, marketing and other resources
than we do. In addition, many of these current and potential competitors can
devote substantially greater resources to product development, marketing and
promotional campaigns and Web site and systems development than we can.
CONCENTRATION RISK
During the fiscal year ended January 31, 2001, no one customer accounted
for more than 10% of total revenues for Lightspan.
EMPLOYEES
As of January 31, 2001, we employed 616 persons, including 229 in
technology and development, 90 in general and administrative, 178 in sales and
marketing and 119 in professional development. Our future success is
substantially dependent on the performance of our senior management team and our
continuing ability to attract and retain highly qualified technical and
managerial personnel. See the "Risk Factors" section below for a further
discussion of certain risks related to our employees. None of our employees is
represented by a labor union and we consider our employee relations to be
excellent.
RISK FACTORS
You should consider carefully the following risk factors, together with
all of the other information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Each
of these risk factors could adversely affect our business, operating results and
financial condition, as well as adversely affect the value of an investment in
our common stock.
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WE HAVE A LIMITED OPERATING HISTORY THAT MAKES AN EVALUATION OF OUR BUSINESS
DIFFICULT.
We began selling our Lightspan Achieve Now educational software in
January 1996 and entered the Internet market by launching The Lightspan Network
in January 1997. Academic began selling its educational software in April 1994.
Since early 1999, we have significantly increased our efforts to expand our
fee-based subscription Internet businesses. As a result, our businesses have
only a limited operating history on which you can base your evaluation of our
business and prospects. In considering an investment in our stock, you should
evaluate the risks, uncertainties, expenses and difficulties frequently
encountered by early stage companies.
OUR QUARTERLY RESULTS ARE VOLATILE AND DIFFICULT TO FORECAST, WHICH COULD CAUSE
THE PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK TO DECLINE.
Our quarterly results have fluctuated significantly since our inception,
for various reasons. Our quarterly results have ranged from a net loss of $21.0
million to a net income of $17.7 million over the twenty quarters ended January
31, 2001. In addition, in fiscal year 1997 and 1998 we recognized license
revenue for our Lightspan Achieve Now product of $5.6 million and $14.8 million,
respectively, in accordance with the accounting rules in effect at that time;
while in fiscal years 1999 and 2000, we did not recognize any Lightspan Achieve
Now license revenue, in accordance with new accounting rules adopted February 1,
1998. In the quarter ended April 30, 2000, we recognized $46.4 million in
previously deferred revenue, resulting in an operating profit of $16.2 million.
In the quarter ended July 31, 2000, we recognized the remaining $2.0 million of
revenue previously deferred. The operating results for these quarters are not
indicative of our underlying business in these quarters, and will not be
indicative of results that may be expected for any subsequent quarter, for the
full year ending January 31, 2001 or for any future years.
We expect significant fluctuations in our quarterly revenues and
operating results to continue. Demand for our products and services is subject
to seasonal influences based on school calendars, budget cycles, and the sources
and timing of school districts' funding. Moreover, our sales could be delayed
from quarter to quarter due partly to our need to assist school district
decision makers regarding the uses and benefits of our software, and the lengthy
multiple approval process that typically accompanies significant expenditures by
school districts. If a significant sale that we expect to occur in a particular
quarter is delayed and does not occur until a future quarter, or does not occur
at all, our quarterly performance may be adversely affected to a greater degree
than expected. Further, our fee-based subscription Internet efforts may
contribute to fluctuations in our quarterly operating results because the sales
cycles and our ability to recognize revenues derived from sales of our fee-based
subscription Internet products are different than the sales cycles and our
ability to recognize revenues derived from sales of our educational software.
Also, our quarterly results may be impacted to the extent that outstanding
warrants held by CINAR become exercisable upon completion of certain performance
criteria and we are required to record a corresponding expense. If our financial
results for one or more quarters fall below the expectations of analysts and
investors, the trading price of our common stock may decline.
WE EXPECT NET LOSSES TO CONTINUE FOR THE FORESEEABLE FUTURE AND MAY NEVER
ACHIEVE OR SUSTAIN PROFITABILITY, WHICH MAY CAUSE OUR STOCK PRICE TO FALL.
Since our inception, we have incurred significant losses. As of January
31, 2001 we have accumulated net losses of $209.6 million. We incurred net
losses of $32.1 million for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2001, including
the recognition of $48.1 million in revenue previously deferred in fiscal years
1999 and 2000, $55.7 million in net losses for the fiscal year ended January 31,
2000 and $33.6 million in net losses for the fiscal year ended January 31, 1999.
We expect our operating losses and negative cash flow to continue for the
foreseeable future as we incur costs and expenses related to:
- brand maintenance, marketing and promotional activities;
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- continued development and expansion of our fee-based subscription
Internet offerings and content; and
- amortization of intangible assets and goodwill recorded in
connection with our acquisitions of Edutest, LearningPlanet.com,
Academic, Global Schoolhouse and StudyWeb.
Our ability to become profitable and maintain profitability depends on
our ability to generate and sustain substantially higher revenues while
maintaining reasonable expense levels. Although we may continue our spending on
the activities listed above, these efforts may not result in increased revenues.
We conduct operations using estimates as to future expense levels based on our
expectations of future revenues. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to
predict our future revenues accurately or that we will be able to adjust
spending to compensate for any unexpected revenue shortfall. If we achieve
profitability, we may not be able to sustain or increase profitability.
CHANGES IN FUNDING FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEMS COULD REDUCE OUR REVENUES AND
IMPEDE THE GROWTH OF OUR BUSINESS.
We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from public school
funding, which is heavily dependent on support from federal, state and local
governments. Government budget deficits may adversely affect the availability of
this funding. In addition, the government appropriations process is often slow,
unpredictable and subject to factors outside of our control. Curtailments,
delays or reductions in the funding of schools or colleges, for example a
reduction of funds allocated to schools under Title I of the Elementary and
Secondary Education Act of 1965, could delay or reduce our revenues, in part
because schools may not have sufficient capital to purchase our products or
services. Funding difficulties experienced by schools or colleges could also
cause those institutions to be more resistant to price increases in our
products, compared to other businesses that might better be able to pass on
price increases to their customers. The growth of our business depends on
continued investment by public school systems in interactive educational
technology and products. Changes to funding of public school systems could slow
this kind of investment.
WE ARE HEAVILY DEPENDENT UPON OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH SONY COMPUTER ENTERTAINMENT
INC. AND TERMINATION OF THAT RELATIONSHIP, POTENTIAL SUPPLY SHORTAGES OF THE
PLAYSTATION GAME CONSOLES OR UNANTICIPATED CHANGES IN THE GAME CONSOLES COULD
REDUCE OUR LIGHTSPAN ACHIEVE NOW SALES OR INCREASE RELATED EXPENSES.
We are heavily dependent upon our relationship with Sony Computer
Entertainment Inc., which supplies the PlayStation game console used by the
students who use our Lightspan Achieve Now educational software at home.
Historically, and for the foreseeable future, sales of Lightspan Achieve Now and
PlayStation game consoles have accounted for a majority of our revenue. Without
incurring significant additional expense, there currently is no readily
available operating platform for broad implementation of Lightspan Achieve Now
in the home other than the PlayStation game console. Sony Computer Entertainment
Inc. has rights to terminate their agreement with us in various circumstances,
including if it elects to stop producing the PlayStation game console. If our
agreement is terminated, if the PlayStation game console loses popular appeal or
if we are unable to obtain an adequate supply of PlayStation game consoles on a
timely basis, our ability to sell our Lightspan Achieve Now curriculum will be
significantly reduced and we could incur significant additional expenses or lose
substantial revenues.
We may also experience disruption of supply of the original PlayStation
game console as Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. balances its manufacturing
capability between the PlayStation game console and the PlayStation 2 system. If
we are unable to acquire PlayStation game consoles, our software license revenue
may be deferred, as our revenue recognition policy requires that delivery of
hardware along with the software is required before we can fully recognize
software license revenue.
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WE MAY NEED ADDITIONAL FINANCING TO MEET OUR STRATEGIC BUSINESS OBJECTIVES,
WHICH MAY NOT BE AVAILABLE AND, IF AVAILABLE, MIGHT ADVERSELY IMPACT OUR
EXISTING STOCKHOLDERS.
We may need to raise additional funds to continue to meet operating
demands. In addition, if we enter into new areas of business, we may incur
substantially increased expenses for which we do not expect investment returns
for months or years in the future. If we raise additional funds through the
issuance of equity or debt securities that have rights senior to those of our
current stockholders, these stockholders may experience additional dilution or
may lose other rights. We cannot be certain that additional financing will be
available to us on favorable terms when required, if at all. If we cannot raise
funds on acceptable terms, if and when needed, we may not be able to take
advantage of future opportunities, to continue to operate or grow our business
or respond to competitive pressures or unanticipated developments.
OUR CONTINUED GROWTH WILL UTILIZE OUR RESOURCES, AND FAILURE TO MANAGE THIS
GROWTH EFFECTIVELY COULD DISRUPT OUR OPERATIONS AND PREVENT US FROM GENERATING
THE REVENUES WE EXPECT.
We expect that expansion of our customer and revenue base will be
required to successfully implement our business strategy. For example, the
development of our business continues to require sales and marketing
expenditures as well as increased development efforts of certain products. This
expansion may strain our management, operational, financial and technological
resources, as well as the infrastructure for our Web sites and services. The
growth of our Lightspan Achieve Now educational software business may strain the
resources of our professional development staff during periods of heavy
implementation in purchasing school districts. Our growth depends on our ability
to attract and retain qualified employees (including employees of businesses
that we acquire), particularly Internet systems, sales and marketing and product
development personnel. Our failure to manage our growth in a manner that
minimizes these strains on our resources could disrupt our operations and
ultimately prevent us from generating the revenues we expect.
OUR CURRICULUM-BASED EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE MAY BE UNABLE TO ACHIEVE OR MAINTAIN
BROADER MARKET ACCEPTANCE, WHICH WOULD CAUSE OUR FUTURE REVENUE GROWTH AND
PROFITABILITY TO BE ADVERSELY IMPACTED.
We expect to continue to generate a substantial portion of our revenues
from our curriculum-based educational software products such as Lightspan
Achieve Now software licenses, and will need to increase these revenues in order
to more effectively grow other areas of our business. Revenues from licenses
will depend principally on broadening market acceptance of that software, which
may not occur due to a number of factors, including:
- teacher, parent and student preferences for interactive
educational technology are subject to changes in popular
entertainment and educational theory;
- some teachers may be reluctant to use interactive educational
technology to supplement their customary teaching practices;
- we may be unable to continue to demonstrate improvements in
academic performance at schools or colleges that use our
educational software; and
- our failure to detect bugs in our software could result in product
failures or poor product performance.
If market acceptance of our curriculum-based educational software is not
broadened, our future revenue growth will be adversely impacted and we may never
become profitable.
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THE SUCCESS OF OUR BUSINESS MODEL REQUIRES US TO INCREASE OUR REVENUES FROM OUR
FEE-BASED SUBSCRIPTION INTERNET BUSINESS, AND WE MAY NEVER BECOME PROFITABLE IF
WE ARE UNABLE TO DO SO.
To achieve our operating goals and objectives, we will need to derive an
increasing portion of our revenues from our fee-based subscription Internet
business. Our ability to increase revenues from our fee-based subscription
Internet business depends on:
- our ability to increase the subscriber base of our fee-based
subscription Internet products while maintaining a subscription
fee; and
- improvement of the accessibility and ease of use of our Web sites.
The future success of our fee-based subscription Internet business is
highly dependent on an increase in the number of Internet users who are willing
to subscribe to The Lightspan Network, eduTest@School, eduTest@school Plus and
Lightspan Early Learning subscription products. The number of Internet users
willing to pay for online educational products may not continue to increase. If
the market for subscription-based online educational products develops more
slowly than we expect, or if our efforts to attract new subscribers are not
successful or cost effective our operating results and financial condition may
be materially and adversely affected.
If we are unable to substantially increase our revenues from our Internet
businesses, we will be unable to execute our current business model. As a
result, we may need to reevaluate that business model, or we may never become
profitable.
WE RELY ON STATISTICAL STUDIES TO DEMONSTRATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OUR PRODUCTS,
AND OUR REPUTATION AND SALES AND MARKETING EFFORTS COULD BE ADVERSELY IMPACTED
IF THE RESULTS OF THESE STUDIES ARE NOT REPRESENTATIVE OR IF THEIR INTEGRITY IS
QUESTIONED, WHICH COULD LEAD TO LOWER THAN EXPECTED REVENUES.
We rely heavily on statistical studies, including those cited in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K, to demonstrate that our curriculum-based educational
software increase student achievement. We believe that these studies accurately
reflect the performance of our products. However, these studies involve the
following risks:
- the limited sample sizes used in our studies may yield results
that are not representative of the general population of students
who use our products;
- the methods used to gather the information upon which these
studies are based depend on cooperation from students and other
participants and inaccurate or incomplete responses could distort
results; and
- schools studying the effectiveness of our Lightspan Achieve Now
curriculum administer different tests, and colleges and
universities studying the effectiveness of our Academic Systems
curriculum apply different methodologies and data collection
techniques, making results difficult to aggregate and compare.
We are involved in the Lightspan Achieve Now studies in the following
ways:
- we facilitate the collection and analysis of data for these
studies; and
- we select and pay researchers to aggregate and present the results
of these studies and, in some cases, to conduct the studies.
Our sales and marketing efforts, as well as our reputation, could be
adversely impacted if the public, including our existing and potential
customers, perceives these studies to be biased due to our involvement, or if
the results of these studies are not representative, which could lead to lower
than expected revenues.
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IF WE FAIL TO ENHANCE OUR FEE-BASED SUBSCRIPTION INTERNET PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
WITHOUT SYSTEMS INTERRUPTIONS AND ADAPT THOSE PRODUCTS AND SERVICES TO CHANGES
IN TECHNOLOGY, OUR FUTURE REVENUE GROWTH AND PROFITABILITY COULD BE LESS THAN WE
EXPECT.
We believe that our future revenue growth will depend on whether we are
able to enhance and improve our fee-based subscription Internet products and
services as planned. Enhancements and improvements to our fee-based subscription
Internet products are currently scheduled, but we cannot assure you that those
enhancements and improvements will gain market acceptance or be launched on
schedule and without systems interruptions. In addition, the Internet is rapidly
changing, and we expect that we will continually need to adapt our fee-based
subscription Internet products and their related technology to emerging Internet
standards and practices, technological advances developed by our competition,
and changing subscriber and user preferences. Ongoing adaptation of our
fee-based subscription Internet products and their related technology will
entail significant expense and technical risk, and we may use new technologies
ineffectively or fail to adapt our fee-based subscription Internet products and
their related technology on a timely and cost-effective basis. If our
enhancements, improvements and adaptations of our fee-based subscription
Internet products and their related technologies are delayed, result in systems
interruptions or do not gain market acceptance, our future revenue growth will
be adversely impacted and we may never become profitable.
WE EXPECT COMPETITION TO INCREASE SIGNIFICANTLY IN THE FUTURE, WHICH COULD
PREVENT US FROM SUCCESSFULLY IMPLEMENTING OUR BUSINESS STRATEGY.
The educational technology market is intensely competitive and subject to
increasing commercial attention. Barriers to entering Internet markets are
relatively low, and we expect competition to intensify in the future, as more
businesses use the Internet to enter the student, parent and teacher markets for
education-oriented products and services. We also may be adversely affected by
pricing and other operational decisions. For example, the decision of several of
our competitors that offer educational content on the Internet to offer a free
service rather than charge a fee, which could adversely impact our subscription
revenues.
Our competitors include:
- comprehensive curriculum software publishers which offer various
school-based computer-based learning systems;
- "edutainment" software vendors, which principally target the
consumer market but also sell to schools;
- education-oriented Internet services and the educational segments
of general on-line service providers;
- distance learning providers; and
- programs that take over management of the school or provide
substantial tutoring help.
Many of our current and potential competitors have longer operating
histories, larger customer or user bases, greater brand recognition and
significantly greater financial, marketing and other resources than we do. Many
of these current and potential competitors can devote substantially greater
resources than we can to product development, marketing and promotional
campaigns and Web site and systems development.
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OUR ACQUISITIONS OF OTHER BUSINESSES AND INVOLVEMENT IN STRATEGIC RELATIONSHIPS
MAY NOT BE SUCCESSFUL, WHICH COULD DISTRACT OUR MANAGEMENT OR CAUSE US TO INCUR
ADDITIONAL EXPENSES.
We have acquired businesses and may continue to do so in the future. We
are currently in the process of integrating the operations, systems and
personnel of Edutest and Academic, which we recently acquired. Our integration
of these acquisitions or any future acquisitions could distract our management
or cause us to incur additional expenses, and could cause our business and
operations to be adversely impacted. We also may enter into strategic
relationships with complementary businesses.
For example, we recently completed a digital set-top box trial with Cox
Communications and we have agreed to pursue several potential strategic
initiatives with CINAR Corporation. We cannot assure you that we will implement
these initiatives and other activities and arrangements. If implemented, this,
or any other strategic relationships we may enter into, may increase our
expenses or divert efforts of our management and may not be successful.
IF WE DO NOT SUCCESSFULLY ANTICIPATE AND ADAPT TO CHANGES IN COMPUTER PLATFORMS
AND OTHER EVOLVING TECHNOLOGIES, OUR OPERATING RESULTS RELATING TO SALES OF OUR
SOFTWARE PRODUCTS COULD BE ADVERSELY IMPACTED.
We must manage our software development efforts to anticipate and adapt
to changes in popular computer operating environments and other evolving
technologies. For example, we have improved the existing Academic CD-ROM-based
educational software product with Internet-based enhancements. Our Lightspan
Achieve Now curriculum-based educational software is currently delivered in
CD-ROM format on PlayStation game consoles and on Windows-based personal
computers. We will continue to evaluate other operating environments and
computer platforms for our software products as they become available.
We may decide from time to time to make our software products available
in other operating environments or on other computer platforms and our efforts
to do so may involve substantial costs without the realization of expected
additional revenue from these activities. Market acceptance of our software
products and our operating results relating to their sale could also be worse
than we expect if we are unable to anticipate and adapt to changes in computer
platforms and other evolving technologies in a timely and cost-effective manner.
WE WILL NOT BE ABLE TO GROW OUR INTERNET BUSINESSES IF THE MARKET FOR THOSE
BUSINESSES DOES NOT DEVELOP.
The success of our fee-based subscription Internet businesses will depend
in large part on the continued emergence and growth of a market for
Internet-based educational technology products. The market for educational
technology is characterized by rapid change and product innovation,
unpredictable product life cycles and unpredictable preferences among students,
teachers and parents. Internet commercial businesses and services are evolving
markets as well, and it is difficult to estimate how and when growth or other
changes in those markets will occur. We therefore cannot predict that the market
for Internet-based educational technology products will continue to expand.
OUR BUSINESS MAY NOT SUCCEED WITHOUT THE CONTINUED DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE
OF THE INTERNET.
Without the continued development and maintenance of the Internet
infrastructure, we could fail to generate the revenues necessary for our
fee-based subscription Internet business to succeed. In addition, our Lightspan
Achieve Now curriculum is very media-rich and is not currently delivered over
the Internet, due to bandwidth and other limitations. The continued development
of the Internet includes maintenance of a reliable network with the necessary
speed, data capacity and security, as well as timely development of
complementary products for providing reliable Internet access and services.
Because the online exchange of information and global commerce on the Internet
is new and evolving, we cannot predict whether the Internet will prove to be an
effective vehicle for delivering commercial content or will provide a viable
marketplace for electronic commerce in the long term.
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As the number of Internet users continues to increase, and as these users
increase their frequency of use and bandwidth requirements, the Internet
infrastructure may be unable to support the demands. In addition, increased
users or bandwidth requirements may adversely impact the performance of the
Internet.
UNLESS WE MAINTAIN A STRONG BRAND IDENTITY, OUR BUSINESS MAY NOT GROW AND OUR
FINANCIAL RESULTS MAY BE ADVERSELY IMPACTED.
We believe that maintaining and enhancing the value of our Lightspan,
Academic and Edutest brands is critical to attracting purchasers for our
curriculum-based educational software and subscribers and users of our fee-based
subscription Internet businesses. Our success in maintaining brand awareness
will depend on our ability to continuously provide educational technology that
students enjoy using and teachers and parents consider beneficial to the
learning process. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in maintaining
our brand equity. In addition, to attract and retain subscribers and users and
to promote and maintain the Lightspan, Academic and Edutest brands, we have
spent, and may need to continue spending significant resources on a
brand-enhancement strategy, which includes promotional programs and efforts by
our field sales team and professional development staffs. Revenues from these
activities may not be sufficient to offset associated costs.
CLAIMS RELATING TO DATA COLLECTION FROM OUR USER BASE AND CONTENT AVAILABLE ON
OR ACCESSIBLE FROM OUR WEB SITES MAY SUBJECT US TO LIABILITIES AND ADDITIONAL
EXPENSE.
We currently collect only the names of teachers who are registering for
our Internet products. However, we may in the future collect names and other
personal information relating to students, teachers and parents, and may sell
our user information on an aggregated, non-individual basis; though we do not
intend to sell information relating to children under the age of thirteen. We
could be subject to liability claims for misuses of information collected from
our users, such as for unauthorized marketing purposes, and could face
additional expenses to analyze and comply with increasing regulation in this
area. The Federal Trade Commission, for example, has enacted regulations
governing collection of personal information from children under the age of
thirteen and is expected to issue and enforce additional regulations in this
area. We could also be subject to liability based on claims relating to content
that is published on our Web sites or that is accessible from our network
through links to other Web sites. In addition to subjecting us to potential
liability, claims of this type could require us to change our Web sites in a
manner that could be less attractive to our customers and divert our financial
and development resources.
OUR BUSINESS OPERATIONS COULD BE SIGNIFICANTLY DISRUPTED IF WE LOSE MEMBERS OF,
OR FAIL TO PROPERLY INTEGRATE, OUR MANAGEMENT TEAM.
Our success depends on the continued contributions of the principal
members of our sales and marketing, product development, Internet services, and
management departments. The loss of the services of any of our officers or
senior managers could disrupt operations in their respective departments and
could cause our overall financial results to be adversely impacted. In the past
we have experienced greater than average turnover among our senior management.
We do not maintain any "key person" life insurance policies other than on John
T. Kernan, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Carl E. Zeiger, our
President and Chief Operating Officer.
Several of our existing senior management personnel joined us during
fiscal 2001 and fiscal 2002. Some of these individuals have not previously
worked together and are currently being integrated as a management team. If our
senior managers are unable to work effectively as a team, our business
operations could be significantly disrupted.
WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO PREVENT OTHERS FROM USING OUR TRADEMARKS, COPYRIGHTS,
SOFTWARE, CHARACTERS AND OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ASSETS. IF OTHERS DO USE
THESE ASSETS, THEIR VALUE TO US, AND OUR ABILITY TO USE THEM TO GENERATE
REVENUES, MAY DECREASE.
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Our intellectual property includes our trademarks and copyrights,
proprietary software, characters and other proprietary rights. We believe that
our intellectual property is important to our success and our competitive
position, and we try to protect it. However, our efforts may be inadequate. In
addition, our ability to conduct our business may be adversely impacted if
others claim we violate their intellectual property rights. If successful,
claims of this nature could adversely impact our business by requiring us to
cease using important intellectual property or pay monetary damages. Even if
unsuccessful, these claims could adversely impact our business by damaging our
reputation, requiring us to incur legal costs and diverting management's
attention away from our business.
OUR STOCK PRICE IS HIGHLY VOLATILE.
The market price of our common stock is likely to continue to be highly
volatile due to risks and uncertainties described in this section of the Annual
Report, as well as other factors, including:
- conditions and publicity regarding the Internet or educational
software industries generally;
- sales of substantial amounts of our stock by existing
stockholders;
- price and volume fluctuations in the stock market at large which
do not relate to our operating performance; and
- comments by securities analysts, or our failure to meet analysts'
expectations.
Furthermore, the stock market has from time to time experienced extreme
price and volume fluctuations that may be unrelated to the operating performance
of particular companies. In addition, class action lawsuits have historically
been initiated against Internet and software companies following periods of
volatility in the market prices of these companies' stock. In general, decreases
in our stock price would reduce the value of our stockholders' investments and
could limit our ability to raise necessary capital or make potential
acquisitions of assets or businesses. If litigation were instituted on this
basis, it could result in substantial costs and would divert management's
attention and resources. This could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and results of operations.
OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, DIRECTORS AND MAJOR STOCKHOLDERS CONTROL APPROXIMATELY
55.7% OF OUR COMMON STOCK.
As of March 31, 2001, executive officers, directors and holders of 5% or
more of our outstanding common stock, in the aggregate, owned or controlled
approximately 55.7% of our outstanding common stock. These stockholders are able
to influence all matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including the
election of directors and the approval of corporate transactions. This
concentration of ownership may also delay, deter or prevent a change in control
of our company and may make some transactions more difficult or impossible to
complete without the support of these stockholders. See Part III, Item 12 for
more detail regarding the stockholdings of these stockholders.
IT MAY BE DIFFICULT FOR A THIRD PARTY TO ACQUIRE OUR COMPANY, AND THIS COULD
ADVERSELY IMPACT OUR STOCK PRICE.
Delaware corporate law and our certificate of incorporation and bylaws
contain provisions that could delay, defer or prevent a change in control of our
company or our management. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests
and make it more difficult for you and other stockholders to elect directors and
take other corporate actions. As a result, these provisions could limit the
price that investors are willing to pay in the future for shares of our common
stock. These provisions:
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- authorize us to issue preferred stock that can be created and
issued by the board of directors without prior stockholder
approval, with rights senior to those of common stock;
- provide for a staggered board of directors, so that it would take
three successive annual meetings to replace all directors;
- prohibit stockholder action by written consent; and
- establish advance notice requirements for submitting nominations
for election to the board of directors and for proposing matters
that can be acted upon by stockholders at a meeting.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND KEY EMPLOYEES OF THE REGISTRANT
The following table sets forth information about our executive officers
and key employees as of March 31, 2001:
NAME AGE POSITION
- ---- --- --------
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
John T. Kernan............................. 55 Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer
Carl E. Zeiger............................. 58 President, Chief Operating Officer and Director
Michael A. Sicuro.......................... 42 Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and
Secretary
Sandra K. Fivecoat......................... 52 Senior Vice President of Sales
Susan B. Hardwicke......................... 48 Executive Vice President, President of Edutest, Inc.
James M. Dredge............................ 51 Chief Executive Officer of Academic Systems
KEY EMPLOYEES
Bernice Stafford........................... 59 Vice President of School Marketing and Evaluation
Dr. Larry R. Vaughn........................ 62 Senior Vice President of Professional Development
John T. Kernan co-founded Lightspan and has served as our Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer since inception, September 1993. Prior to co-founding
Lightspan, Mr. Kernan served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Jostens
Learning Corporation, an educational software company. Mr. Kernan developed
Jostens Learning from a start-up company in 1985 (then named Education Systems
Technology Corporation) to one of the largest educational software businesses in
the United States. Under Mr. Kernan's leadership, Jostens Learning was a leading
supplier of pre-kindergarten through adult educational software. Prior to
founding Jostens Learning, Mr. Kernan was an executive with Gill Cable
Corporation, a Northern California cable TV operator. He also was Vice President
of Product Development for DELTAK, Inc. (now NETg), then the nation's largest
provider of video-based training for technical professionals. Mr. Kernan was the
President of the Software Publishers Association, has been named "Educator of
the Decade" by Electronic Learning Magazine and regional "Entrepreneur of the
Year" by Inc. Magazine, among other distinctions. Mr. Kernan was a founder of
Academic Systems, which has since been acquired by Lightspan, and Elemental
Software, which has since been acquired by Macromedia. Mr. Kernan is a member of
the Board of Directors of TechNet. Mr. Kernan holds a Bachelor of Science from
Loyola College.
Carl E. Zeiger co-founded Lightspan and has served as our President and
Chief Operating Officer and as a director since September 1993. He also served
as our Interim Chief Financial Officer and Secretary from June 2000 to February
2001. Prior to co-founding Lightspan, Mr. Zeiger served as the President and
Chief Operating Officer of Jostens Learning Corporation. Along with Mr. Kernan,
Mr. Zeiger developed Jostens Learning into a leading supplier of
pre-kindergarten through adult educational software. Prior to joining Jostens
Learning, Mr. Zeiger served as Senior Vice President of Finance for Integrated
Software Systems Corporation, a leading provider of presentation graphics
software, and managed its initial and
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secondary public offerings and its eventual sale to Computer Associates. Mr.
Zeiger is a certified public accountant in the State of California and holds a
Bachelor of Science from the University of Denver.
Michael A. Sicuro has served as our Senior Vice President, Chief
Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary since February 2001. Previously, he
was the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer for MediaDNA from
May 2000 to September 2000. From June 1996 to May 2000, he was the Managing
Director and Chief Financial Officer of ITLA Capital. From 1994 to 1996 Mr.
Sicuro served as the Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Blue Cross of
California and Controller of WellPoint Health Networks. Mr. Sicuro also served
as the Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of U.S. Bancorp
Mortgage from 1993 to 1994. Previously, he was employed by Western Federal
Savings and Loan Association as Senior Vice President and Controller and was the
Deputy Controller for First Interstate Bancorp. He was an Audit Manager and
Certified Public Accountant with Deloitte and Touche LLP. Mr. Sicuro holds a
Bachelors degree in Business Administration from Kent State University.
Sandra K. Fivecoat has served as our Senior Vice President of Sales since
February 1999. From April 1998 to January 1999, she served as Regional Vice
President for our South Central Region. From 1987 to April 1998, Ms. Fivecoat
held various executive sales management positions at Apple Computer, a
manufacturer of computers and software. Ms. Fivecoat had a career in public
education, where she was a teacher, administrator, university researcher, and
from 1982 to 1986, the first Director of Educational Technology for the State of
Texas where she established, organized and managed the division providing
overall guidance and direction to public schools in the effective uses of
technology in instruction and administration. Ms. Fivecoat has been published in
the Journal of Computers in Science and Math Teaching and Computers in
Curriculum and Instruction. Ms. Fivecoat holds a Bachelor of Science and a
Masters in Education from the University of Texas at Austin.
Susan B. Hardwicke has served as our Executive Vice President and
President of Edutest, Inc. since December 2000 and President of Edutest, Inc.
since we acquired eduTest.com. in June 2000. In November 1995, Dr. Hardwicke
combined her extensive experience in testing assessment and high technology and
founded eduTest.com, the first comprehensive online student testing company,
serving as President through June 2000. In 1992, Dr. Hardwicke founded Total
Quality Innovators, Inc. (later called Action and Change Technologies, Inc.).
The company specialized in reengineering, leadership assessment, internal survey
development, and Total Quality Management for such companies as Reynolds Metals,
Nestle, and Motorola. From 1984 to 1992, Dr. Susan Hardwicke worked in product
development in the defense industry. Dr. Hardwicke holds a Bachelor of Arts from
the University of Virginia and a Masters in Psychology and a Ph.D. in Psychology
from George Washington University.
James M. Dredge has served as our Chief Executive Officer of Academic
Systems since January 2001. From February 1999 to January 2001, Mr. Dredge
served as senior vice president/general manager of the School Division at The
Learning Company, where he managed all sales, marketing and product development
of brands such as The Learning Company, MECC, Broderbund and Mindscape. His
responsibilities also included operations of Learning Services, Inc., and of The
Learning Company's Language Division. From 1993 to February 1999, Mr. Dredge
assumed a variety of positions including President and Chief Operating Officer
for Invest Learning/Mergent Technologies, a leader in education technology
solutions for the high school, college, corporate and corrections markets. Mr.
Dredge holds a Bachelor of Arts and a Masters in Public Administration from the
University of Minnesota.
Bernice Stafford co-founded Lightspan and has served as our Vice
President of School Marketing and Evaluation since October 1993. From 1989 to
1993, she served as Director of Sales Programs at Jostens Learning Corporation.
Ms. Stafford is a former teacher and early childhood administrator who has been
involved with marketing instructional technology to schools for more than 10
years. In addition to serving on the boards of Technology, Reading, and Learning
Difficulties and the Agency for Instructional Technology, she was recently
appointed to a task force that will advise the California Assembly Education
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Subcommittee on Urban Education Quality. Ms. Stafford holds a Bachelor of Arts
and a Master of Arts from the University of California at Berkeley.
Dr. Larry R. Vaughn, Ed.D. has served as our Senior Vice President of
School Reform since January 1999. From 1979 to 1998, he has served as
superintendent of school districts including Wichita Public Schools in Wichita,
Kansas from January 1993 to July 1998, Pasadena Independent School Districts in
Pasadena, Texas from 1989 to 1993, Victoria Independent School District in
Victoria, Texas from 1985 to 1989, Alice Independent School District in Alice,
Texas from 1982 to 1985, and Hitchcock Independent School District in Hitchcock,
Texas from 1979 to 1982. From 1967 to 1979, he served as Director of Curriculum
and Secondary Program Coordinator of Sheldon Independent School District in
Houston, Texas. Dr. Vaughn holds a Bachelor of Arts from Mississippi State
University and a Doctorate in Education from the University of Houston.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our headquarters are located in San Diego, California, where we currently
lease approximately 47,000 square feet under a lease expiring in 2003 and
approximately 10,000 square feet under a lease expiring in 2002. Warehouse
facilities are located in Carlsbad, California, where we currently lease
approximately 9,000 square feet under a lease expiring in 2002. Additional
facilities are located in Mountain View, California, where approximately 18,600
square feet are under a lease for Academic expiring in 2001, in Richmond,
Virginia, where approximately 14,700 square feet are under a lease for Edutest
expiring in 2003, and in Denver, Colorado, where approximately 3,400 square feet
are under a lease for our internal sales force expiring in 2003. These
facilities are adequate for our current operations. We currently maintain a
facility in Santa Monica, California, our former West Los Angeles based
operations, for approximately 6,900 square feet under a lease expiring in 2002.
We are currently in the process of sub-leasing this facility.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are not currently involved in any material legal proceedings.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
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PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
MARKET INFORMATION
Lightspan's Common Stock began trading on the Nasdaq National Market
under the symbol "LSPN" on February 10, 2000 at an initial public offering price
of $12 per share.
The high and low sales price of Lightspan's Common Stock on the Nasdaq
National Market during the period from February 10, 2000 to January 31, 2001 was
$25.375 and $0.84 respectively. The following table sets forth, for the periods
indicated, the high and low sales price information for our common stock as
reported by the Nasdaq National Market.
COMMON STOCK PRICE
--------------------
HIGH LOW
------- -------
Fiscal year ended January 31, 2001:
First Quarter (from February 10, 2000) ................... $25.375 $ 8
Second Quarter ........................................... 10 4.875
Third Quarter ............................................ 5.78 1.88
Fourth Quarter ........................................... 3.03 0.84
The closing sales price of our common stock on March 31, 2001 was $1.875.
HOLDERS
As of March 31, 2001, there were approximately 630 record holders of our
common stock.
DIVIDENDS
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock.
We currently intend to retain any future earnings to finance the growth and
development of our business and therefore do not anticipate paying any cash
dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to pay cash
dividends will be at the discretion of the board of directors and will be
dependent upon our financial condition, results of operations, capital
requirements, general business conditions and other factors that the board of
directors may consider relevant.
RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
Since February 1, 2000 we have sold and issued the following unregistered
securities:
(a) From February 1, 2000 through June 6, 2000 we issued an aggregate
of 200,238 shares of our common stock to employees through the
exercise of stock options for an aggregate purchase price of
$618,957. We relied on the exemption provided by Section 4(2) of
the Securities Act of 1933 and Rule 701 promulgated thereunder.
(b) On February 15, 2000, warrants to purchase up to 2,760,160 shares
of our Series D preferred stock held by 32 accredited investors
automatically converted into warrants to purchase up to 1,380,080
shares of our common stock and were automatically exercised,
resulting in our issuance of 1,377,762 shares of common stock
(after application of certain "net-exercise" provisions that
permitted exercise without additional cash payment combined with
the issuance of a reduced number of shares). We relied on the
exemption provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933.
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The recipients of the above-described securities represented their
intention to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to
distribution thereof. Appropriate legends were affixed to the stock certificates
issued in such transactions. All recipients had adequate access, through
employment or other relationships, to information about us.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The effective date of our registration statement on Form S-1 (No.
333-90103) relating to our initial public offering was February 9, 2000. A total
of 8,155,150 shares of the Company's common stock in the aggregate were sold at
a price of $12.00 per share to an underwriting syndicate led by Credit Suisse
First Boston, Thomas Weisel Partners LLC, and U.S. Bancorp Piper Jaffray Inc.
The offering commenced on February 9, 2000, and closed on March 7, 2000. The
initial public offering resulted in gross proceeds of approximately $97.9
million, of which $6.9 million was applied toward the underwriting discount.
Expenses related to the offering totaled approximately $2.2 million. Net
proceeds to the Company were $88.8 million. From the time of receipt through
January 31, 2001, $0.2 million of the net proceeds were applied to repay debt,
$2.6 million were used to purchase Edutest, $5.0 million were used to promote
our Lightspan.com Web site and the remaining proceeds were invested in short
term, interest-bearing securities rated AA or better.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in
conjunction with the Lightspan consolidated financial statements and the related
notes thereto and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations". Our statement of operations data for the years ended
January 31, 2001, 2000, 1999, 1998 and 1997 and balance sheet data as of January
31, 2001, 2000, 1999, 1998 and 1997 are derived from our audited financial
statements, which are included elsewhere in this 10-K for the years ended
January 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999 and as of January 31, 2001 and 2000. The
following financial information is in thousands, except per share data.
YEARS ENDED JANUARY 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF
OPERATIONS DATA:
Total revenues ......................... $ 99,074 $ 16,916 $ 10,870 $ 22,309 $ 8,565
Total cost of revenues ................. 25,286 9,734 7,660 11,433 5,842
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Gross profit ........................... 73,788 7,182 3,210 10,876 2,723
Total operating expenses .............. 112,123 63,382 37,194 37,827 35,199
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Loss from operations ................... (38,335) (56,200) (33,984) (26,951) (32,476)
Interest income (expense), net ........ 6,215 479 417 (527) (113)
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net loss ............................... (32,120) (55,721) (33,567) (27,478) (32,589)
Preferred stock dividend ............... (16,506) -- -- -- --
Net loss attributable to common
stockholders ......................... $ (48,626) $ (55,721) $ (33,567) $ (27,478) $ (32,589)
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Net loss per
share(1) -- basic and diluted ........ $ (1.10) $ (13.61) $ (9.91) $ (8.65) $ (10.72)
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Weighted average
shares -- basic and diluted .......... 44,019 4,094 3,388 3,177 3,039
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
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AT JANUARY 31,
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Cash and cash equivalents ............................. $ 45,566 $ 5,033 $ 7,143 $ 4,422 $ 1,884
Short-term investments ................................ 32,683 16,132 -- -- --
Deferred cost of revenues- Achieve Now ................ -- 8,709 3,555 -- --
Working capital (deficit) ............................. 69,783 (25,994) (12,233) 454 (287)
Total assets .......................................... 153,898 102,432 22,566 14,080 12,852
Deferred revenues-Achieve Now ......................... -- 48,110 20,717 -- --
Deferred revenues-services and other, current
and long-term ....................................... 9,362 7,022 3,444 2,494 1,769
Capital lease obligations, less current portion ....... 268 443 394 775 1,702
Total stockholders' equity (deficit) .................. 126,315 26,694 (11,249) 1,682 1,614
(1) See Note 1 to the Lightspan consolidated financial statements for
a description of the computation of the net loss per share.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
This information should be read in conjunction with the audited
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained herein. Except for
the historical information contained herein, the following discussion contains
forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our future
results could differ materially from those discussed here. Factors that could
cause or contribute to such differences include risks detailed in Part I, Item I
under the caption "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form
10-K.
OVERVIEW
We were founded in 1993 on the philosophy of using technology to increase
student achievement by connecting the school to the home. We develop, market and
sell curriculum-based educational software and fee-based subscription Internet
products and services used both in school and at home. Our curriculum-based
educational software consists of our Lightspan Achieve Now and Academic
software. Lightspan Achieve Now is our media-rich, interactive CD-ROM-based
software for students in schools in kindergarten through eighth grade that
covers the core curriculum of language arts, reading and math. Our technology,
delivery system and content help increase student interest in learning, parental
involvement in their children's education, and productive interaction among
teachers, parents and students. Our Academic software is also CD-ROM-based and
serves the college market with an English and mathematics curriculum designed to
meet the needs of under-prepared students. Edutest offers a combination of
online assessment products, eduTest@School and eduTest@School Plus, with
proprietary test questions, covering language arts, mathematics, history and
science, allowing educators to assess their students' progress in the classroom.
The results can be analyzed at the school district and school levels, and the
classroom.
Our products and services are sold to school districts by a direct field
sales force and supported by our professional development team who assist in
implementing our curricula in schools.
We commenced operations in September 1993, and through June 1996 our
activities consisted primarily of designing and developing Lightspan Achieve
Now. In January 1996, we released our Lightspan Achieve Now curriculum for use
on Windows-based personal computers. In the fall of that year, we released the
product for use on the PlayStation game console. To supplement our product
offerings, we introduced The Lightspan Network in January 1997. We acquired
Academic and Global Schoolhouse in September 1999, and StudyWeb in October 1999.
We also introduced Lightspan.com in September 1999, and enhanced it with the
Lightspan Learning Store in October 1999 and with Your School Online and Your
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Class Online in February 2000. In May 2000, we acquired LearningPlanet.com, and
in June 2000, we acquired Edutest. In August 2000, we introduced Lightspan
Achieve Now version 2.0.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Operating Losses. We have incurred significant losses since our inception
and, as of January 31, 2001, have accumulated losses of approximately $209.6
million. We expect to continue to incur operating losses for the foreseeable
future. In July 2000, we recorded a $1.6 million restructuring charge related to
a refocus of our sales and marketing efforts from our free Internet products
towards our fee-based subscription Internet products. In addition, in July 2000,
we completed and shipped the remaining Lightspan Achieve Now titles used on a PC
platform and the PlayStation game console, recognizing $48.1 million during the
first two quarters of fiscal year 2001 (ended July 31, 2000) in revenue
previously deferred pursuant to SOP 97-2, resulting in an operating loss of
$38.3 million for the year ended January 31, 2001 ("fiscal 2001"). The operating
results in fiscal 2001 are not indicative of our underlying business in that
year, and are not indicative of results that may be expected for the foreseeable
future.
RECOGNITION OF REVENUE
Effective February 1, 1998, we adopted SOP 97-2, as described in Note 1
of the "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements", which caused a substantial
change in the timing of when revenue was recognized for Lightspan Achieve Now
licenses. Under SOP 97-2, we were unable to recognize any Lightspan Achieve Now
license fees as revenue until we shipped the final title which we planned to
provide to all existing customers for no additional charge. Therefore, we
deferred the recognition of revenue for all Lightspan Achieve Now licenses
shipped in the years ended January 31, 2000 and 1999. By April 30, 2000, we had
completed and shipped all Lightspan Achieve Now titles in all grade clusters
used on the PlayStation game console and grade cluster K through 2 used on a PC
platform, resulting in the recognition in the first quarter of fiscal 2001 of
$46.4 million of revenue previously deferred. By July 31, 2000, we had completed
and shipped all remaining Lightspan Achieve Now titles used on a PC platform,
resulting in the recognition in the second quarter of fiscal 2001 of the
remaining $1.7 million of revenue previously deferred. Subsequent to July 31,
2000, we did not defer revenue relating to Lightspan Achieve Now licenses that
were shipped as we had completed the development of all Lightspan Achieve Now
titles.
To the extent that we deferred the Lightspan Achieve Now license revenue
until delivery of final titles, pursuant to SOP 97-2, we also deferred the costs
of duplicating the product and packaging it for distribution. In the three
months ended April 30, 2000, we recognized $8.4 million in cost of license
revenue when we recognized the related $46.4 million in revenue. In the three
months ended July 31, 2000, we recognized $0.3 million in cost of license
revenue when we recognized the related $1.7 million in revenue.
The following table shows the activity in software license revenue and
associated cost of revenue deferred pursuant to SOP 97-2 for the years ended
January 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively (in thousands):
YEARS ENDED JANUARY 31,
-----------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
DEFERRED LICENSE REVENUE- ACHIEVE NOW
Beginning balance ................................... $ 48,110 $ 20,717
Deferred during the period .......................... 384 27,393
Recognized during the period ........................ (48,494) --
-------- --------
Ending balance ...................................... $ -- $ 48,110
======== ========
DEFERRED COST OF LICENSE REVENUE- ACHIEVE NOW
Beginning balance ................................... $ 8,709 $ 3,555
Deferred during the period .......................... 70 5,154
Recognized during the period ........................ (8,779) --
-------- --------
Ending balance ...................................... $ -- $ 8,709
======== ========
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COMPARISON OF FISCAL 2001 VS. 2000
REVENUES
The types of revenue we generate are fees from the sale of software
licenses, Internet subscriptions, professional services and hardware. Our total
revenues increased 485% to $99.1 million in fiscal 2001 from $16.9 million in
fiscal 2000 primarily due to a $73.5 million increase in software license
revenues, a $6.6 million increase in Internet subscription revenue and a $2.6
million increase in professional services revenues, offset in part by a $1.4
million decrease in hardware revenues as described below.
Software Licenses. Our software license revenues increased $73.5 million
to $75.8 million in fiscal 2001 from $2.2 million in fiscal 2000 primarily due
to the recognition of $48.1 million in Lightspan Achieve Now revenue previously
deferred in fiscal years 2000 and 1999, see "Recognition of Revenue" above, and
$23.6 million in revenue relating to approximately 43,000 Lightspan Achieve Now
licenses sold in fiscal 2001.
Internet Subscriptions. Our Internet subscription revenues increased 368%
to $8.4 million in fiscal 2001 from $1.8 million in fiscal 2000 primarily due to
the sale of Academic Internet products that we offered beginning in the quarter
ended July 31, 2000 and an increase in the revenue recognized from the annuity
base relating to prepaid Internet subscription fees for The Lightspan Network.
Customers subscribing to The Lightspan Network increased 132% to approximately
2,800 at fiscal end 2001 from approximately 1,200 at fiscal end 2000, resulting
from an increased focus of our sales force on promoting and selling The
Lightspan Network.
Professional Services. Our professional service revenues increased 40% to
$9.2 million in fiscal 2001 from $6.5 million in fiscal 2000 primarily due to an
increase in the average billing rates and an increased focus on sales of
additional professional services.
Hardware. Our hardware revenues decreased 21% to $5.0 million in fiscal
2001 from $6.4 million in fiscal 2000 primarily due to an increase in the sales
of our PC version of Lightspan Achieve Now licenses which are not sold with any
hardware.
COST OF REVENUES
Our total cost of revenues increased 160% to $25.3 million for fiscal
2001 from $9.7 million for fiscal 2000 primarily due to an $8.7 million increase
in software license cost of revenues related to the sale of Lightspan Achieve
Now licenses previously deferred in fiscal years 2000 and 1999, see "Recognition
of Revenue" above, and the costs related to the 43,000 Lightspan Achieve Now
licenses sold in fiscal 2001. Gross margin as a percentage of total revenues
increased 32% to 74% in fiscal 2001 from 42% in fiscal 2000 primarily due to the
higher gross margin on revenues derived from sales of Lightspan Achieve Now
licenses, which were entirely deferred for fiscal years 2000 and 1999 and
recognized in fiscal 2001. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in
gross margin on professional services primarily due to increased expenses
associated with delivering professional services.
EXPENSES
Sales and Marketing. Our sales and marketing expenses increased 60% to
$56.9 million for fiscal 2001 from $35.6 million for fiscal 2000. This was
primarily due to an increase in personnel and related commissions, promotional
activities connected to the launch of Lightspan.com including a $5.0 million
television campaign in the first quarter of fiscal 2001, the continued promotion
of Lightspan Achieve Now and our fee-based subscription Internet products and a
full year of Academic sales and marketing expense of $8.0 million for fiscal
2001, which was purchased in September 1999.
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Our sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of compensation and
related benefits, commissions, bonuses, travel, advertising, promotional
activities, customer incentive programs and research and evaluation of our
current customers and markets. In July 2000, we recorded a $1.6 million
restructuring charge related to a refocus of our sales and marketing efforts
from our free Internet products towards our fee-based subscription Internet
products. Although we have reduced our sales and marketing expenses related to
our free Internet products, we continue to pursue branding and marketing
campaigns to retain and increase sales to current customers, attract new
customers, and broaden our markets for our fee-based subscription Internet
products, Lightspan Achieve Now curriculum and Academic products.
Technology and Development. Our technology and development expenses
increased 108% to $25.8 million for fiscal 2001 from $12.4 million for fiscal
2000. This was primarily due to additional personnel and consulting costs
related to the development of our Lightspan Achieve Now version 2.0 and
fee-based subscription Internet products, and $5.9 million in expenses incurred
by Academic for fiscal 2001.
Our development costs consist primarily of compensation and benefits for
design, art, production, enhancement, maintenance and testing of our Lightspan
Achieve Now curriculum, fee-based subscription Internet products and Academic
Internet products, which we expensed as incurred. We believe that continued
investment in fee-based subscription Internet product development is critical to
attaining our strategic objectives and, therefore, anticipate that current
levels of fee-based subscription Internet product development expenses will
continue during fiscal 2002.
General and Administrative. Our general and administrative expenses
increased 42% to $9.4 million for fiscal 2001 from $6.7 million for fiscal 2000.
This was due primarily to personnel and related costs resulting from our
increased infrastructure, system support, corporate expenses associated with
being a public company including legal and accounting fees, and $1.3 million in
expenses incurred by Academic in fiscal 2001.
Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation
and benefits for executive and administrative personnel, professional service
expenses and other general corporate expenses. We expect that general and
administrative expenses may increase as our business expands.
Stock-Based Compensation. Stock-based compensation expense was
approximately $2.4 million and $3.7 million for fiscal years 2001 and 2000,
respectively. During fiscal years 2001 and 2000, we recorded $0.1 million and
$8.7 million, respectively, in deferred stock-based compensation as a result of
our granting of stock options to employees with exercise prices per share below
the fair values per share for our common stock on the dates those options were
granted. During fiscal 2001, we also reduced deferred stock-based compensation
by $1.6 million due to the cancellation of unvested options associated with the
termination of employees during the year. The deferred stock-based compensation
is being amortized to expense on an accelerated basis over the vesting period of
the individual options, generally four years. As of January 31, 2001, there was
approximately $1.3 million to be amortized in future periods.
Amortization of Intangible Assets. In connection with our acquisitions of
Academic, Global Schoolhouse and StudyWeb in the third quarter of fiscal 2000,
and LearningPlanet.com and Edutest in the second quarter of fiscal 2001, we
recorded intangible assets totaling an aggregate of approximately $68.9 million,
including goodwill of $35.7 million. We amortize these intangible assets over
their respective useful lives, ranging from three to ten years. Our amortization
of goodwill and intangible assets totaled $16.0 million and $5.0 million for
fiscal years 2001 and 2000, respectively. As of January 31, 2001, we expect to
record annual amortization expense related to our acquisitions of approximately
$18.3 million for fiscal 2002, $17.8 million for fiscal 2003, $9.7 million for
fiscal 2004, $0.5 million for fiscal 2005, $0.4 million for fiscal 2006, $0.3
million for each fiscal years 2007 through 2009, and $0.2 million for fiscal
2010.
Restructuring. In July 2000, we recorded a $1.6 million restructuring
charge related to a refocus of our sales and marketing efforts from our free
Internet products towards our fee-based subscription Internet
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products, which was fully implemented during the quarter ended October 31, 2000.
The restructuring charge included $1.2 million of involuntary termination
benefits relating to the termination of 14 employees in August 2000. We also
accrued exit costs of $0.4 million in expenses relating to contractual
obligations for services associated with our free Internet site that will no
longer be used to generate revenue. Through January 31, 2001, we have paid $1.0
million in involuntary termination benefits and exit costs relating to the
restructuring charge. We anticipate paying the remaining involuntary termination
benefits and exit costs through the first quarter of fiscal 2003.
As we have experienced significant customer interest and acceptance of
our fee-based subscription Internet products, with many schools searching for
web content to deliver on newly-installed infrastructures, we decided to
emphasize the fee-based subscription portion of our PreK-12 business and reduce
the high promotional spending necessary to generate consumer traffic for our
free site, Lightspan.com. These changes should allow us to reduce our costs
structure in future periods.
Interest Income (Expense). Our net interest income increased to $6.2
million for fiscal 2001 from $0.5 million for fiscal 2000 as a result of
investing the proceeds from our initial public offering in February 2000 in
short term, interest-bearing, securities rated AA or better.
COMPARISON OF FISCAL 2000 VS. 1999
REVENUES
Our total revenues increased 56% to $16.9 million in fiscal 2000 from
$10.9 million in fiscal 1999 primarily due to a $3.0 million increase in
software license and Internet subscription revenues and a $2.8 million increase
in professional services revenues.
Software Licenses. Our software license revenues increased to $2.2
million in fiscal 2000 due to revenue from Academic software licenses,
representing revenue from September 20, 1999, the date our acquisition of
Academic was consummated, to January 31, 2000. We did not record any software
license revenues related to Lightspan Achieve Now in fiscal 2000 or fiscal 1999.
See "Recognition of Revenue" above.
Internet Subscriptions. Our Internet subscription revenues increased 75%
to $1.8 million in fiscal 2000 from $1.0 million in fiscal 1999, primarily due
to an increase in the revenue recognized from the annuity base relating to
prepaid Internet subscription fees for The Lightspan Network. Customers
subscribing to The Lightspan Network increased 128% to approximately 1,200 at
fiscal end 2000 from approximately 500 at fiscal end 1999 resulting from an
increased focus of our sales force on promoting and selling The Lightspan
Network.
Professional Services. Our professional service revenues increased 75% to
$6.5 million in fiscal 2000 from $3.7 million in fiscal 1999 primarily due to an
increase in sales of Lightspan Achieve Now licenses, an increase in service
rates and an increase in the number of service days for first classroom
licenses.
COST OF REVENUES
Our total cost of revenues increased 27% to $9.7 million in fiscal 2000
from $7.7 million in fiscal 1999 primarily due to the related costs of the
increase in professional service revenues and an increase in the professional
service rates and the number of professional service days for first classroom
licenses in fiscal 2000. Gross margin as a percentage of total revenues
increased 12% to 42% in fiscal 2000 from 30% in fiscal 1999 primarily due to an
increase in gross margin on revenues derived from professional services as a
result of our service revenues increasing at a greater rate than our fixed
professional development costs and the higher gross margin associated with
Academic licenses.
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EXPENSES
Sales and Marketing. Our sales and marketing expenses increased to $35.6
million for fiscal 2000 from $23.0 million for fiscal 1999, an increase of 55%.
This was primarily due to an increase in marketing personnel and marketing and
promotional activities, particularly in connection with the launch of
Lightspan.com and the continued promotion of Lightspan Achieve Now and Academic
sales and marketing expenses of $2.0 million.
Technology and Development. Our technology and development expenses
increased to $12.4 million for fiscal 2000 from $10.6 million for fiscal 1999,
an increase of 17%. This increase was primarily due to additional personnel for
Web site design and development, expansion of our fee-based subscription
Internet offerings and the addition of Academic technology and development
expense of $0.8 million.
General and Administrative. Our general and administrative expenses
increased to $6.7 million for fiscal 2000 from $3.6 million for fiscal 1999, an
increase of 86%. This was primarily due to increased personnel and related
costs, additional legal fees and accrued settlement costs associated with a
lawsuit brought by a former employee, which was settled in August 1999 and $1.3
million in expenses by Academic.
Stock-Based Compensation. Stock-based compensation expense was
approximately $3.7 million for fiscal 2000. In fiscal years 2000 and 1999, we
recorded $8.7 million and $0.2 million, respectively, in deferred stock-based
compensation as a result of granting stock options to employees with exercise
prices per share deemed to be below the fair values per share for our common
stock on the dates those options were granted. The deferred stock-based
compensation is being amortized as an expense on an accelerated basis over the
vesting period of the individual options, generally four years. As of January
31, 2000, there was approximately $5.2 million to be amortized in future
periods.
Amortization of Intangible Assets. In connection with the acquisitions of
Academic, Global Schoolhouse and StudyWeb, we recorded intangible assets
totaling an aggregate of approximately $54.6 million, including goodwill of
$28.8 million. We amortize these intangible assets over their respective useful
lives, ranging from three to ten years. Our amortization of intangible assets
totaled $5.0 million for fiscal 2000 and represents amortization related to
Academic since September 20, 1999, Global Schoolhouse since September 2, 1999,
and StudyWeb since October 28, 1999.
Interest Income (Expense). Our net interest income increased to $0.5
million for fiscal 2000 from $0.4 million for fiscal 1999, an increase of 15%.
This increase was due to higher average cash balances available for investment
in fiscal 2000.
ACQUISITIONS
Edutest,Inc.
On June 23, 2000, we acquired Edutest, Inc., a provider of Internet-based
educational testing and assessment products. Edutest offers a combination of
online assessment products and proprietary test questions covering language
arts, mathematics, history and science which allow educators to assess their
students' progress in the classroom. Test results can be analyzed at the school
district level, the school level and the classroom level.
In connection with our acquisition of Edutest, we issued 1,028,543 shares
of our common stock with a value at the measurement date of $8.75 and paid
approximately $2.4 million in cash, $1.3 million of which was paid to common
shareholders, and the remaining $1.1 million of which was paid in satisfaction
of various obligations of Edutest, in exchange for all of the outstanding shares
of capital stock of Edutest. In addition, we may issue up to 228,561 shares of
our common stock eighteen months from June 23, 2000 and up to $2.0 million in
stock on July 31, 2001 if Edutest meets certain revenue based performance
criteria.
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The acquisition of Edutest was accounted for as a purchase. We allocated
the purchase price to the assets acquired, consisting principally of goodwill
and intangible assets, and amortize over useful lives ranging from three to five
years. The results of operations including the related amortization of
intangible assets, have been included in our consolidated results of operations
from the date of acquisition. The assets, liabilities and operations included in
our K-12 business segment as described in Note 10, "Reportable Segments" of the
"Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements".
LearningPlanet.com
On May 26, 2000, we acquired LearningPlanet.com, a popular education Web
destination for children and their parents. The acquisition was designed to
augment the extensive collection of preschool through high school
curriculum-based learning activities already available in our fee-based
subscription Internet products and services. LearningPlanet.com features
creative and instructional learning activities in mathematics and language arts.
Launched in June 1999, LearningPlanet.com has focused on creating activities for
kids that are both entertaining and educational. The transaction was structured
as an asset purchase, acquiring the LearningPlanet.com Web site and related
technology and assets in exchange for a combination of approximately $0.15
million in our common stock and $0.2 million in cash. The purchase price was
allocated to goodwill and amortized over a useful life of three years. The
accompanying consolidated financial statements include the results of operations
of LearningPlanet.com from the date of acquisition.
OTHER STRATEGIC RELATIONSHIPS
CINAR Corporation
In October 1999, we agreed to pursue several potential strategic
initiatives with CINAR Corporation. As part of our agreement, CINAR purchased
2,500,000 shares of our Series E preferred stock at $5.00 per share, which
converted into 1,250,000 shares of common stock upon completion of our initial
public offering. CINAR also purchased $10 million of our common stock, or
833,333 shares, in a private placement that occurred concurrently with our
initial public offering at the initial public offering price of $12 per share.
We also granted CINAR a warrant to purchase 500,000 shares of our Series E
preferred stock at an exercise price of $5.00 per share (which became a warrant
to purchase 250,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $10.00 per
share upon completion of our initial public offering) that will vest upon the
achievement of various agreed-to strategic goals. As of January 31, 2001, CINAR
has not achieved the strategic goals, and accordingly, no expense has been
recorded.
Cox Communications
In January 2000, we agreed to pursue strategic initiatives with Cox
Communications Holdings, Inc. As part of our agreement, Cox Communications
purchased $12.5 million of our common stock, or 1,041,667 shares, in a private
placement that occurred concurrently with our initial public offering. We also
granted to Cox Communications a warrant to purchase 750,000 shares of our common
stock at an exercise price of $10.00 per share upon the closing of our initial
public offering. The warrant vested February 15, 2001, at which time we measured
and deferred $75,000 in stock based compensation expense to be recognized over
the six-month life of the warrant.
Gateway
In January 2000, Gateway Companies, Inc. agreed to purchase $3.0 million
of our common stock, or 250,000 shares, in a private placement that occurred
concurrently with our initial public offering. In February 2000, we also entered
into a one year agreement whereby we promoted the products and services of
Gateway by providing certain online and offline exposure. In return, Gateway
paid an annual fee of
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32
$500,000 which was recognized over the one year term of the agreement. As of
January 31, 2001, the agreement expired and was not renewed.
PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS
Upon the completion of our initial public offering of common stock in
February 2000, warrants to purchase up to 2,760,160 shares of Series D preferred
stock at $0.02 per share converted into warrants to purchase up to 1,380,080
shares of common stock and were automatically exercised, resulting in the
issuance of 1,377,762 shares of common stock (after application of certain "net
exercise" provisions that permitted exercise without additional cash payment
combined with the issuance of a reduced number of shares). As a result, on
February 15, 2000, we accounted for the intrinsic value of these warrants as a
preferred stock dividend of $16.5 million. Such amount also increased the net
loss per share applicable to common stockholders for the nine months ended
October 31, 2000 and will increase the net loss or decrease the net income
applicable to common stockholders for periods including February 15, 2000.
LEGAL MATTERS
In July 1996, a former employee commenced legal action against us,
alleging causes of action for fraud, breach of contract, negligent
misrepresentation and conversion. On August 26, 1999, we entered into a
settlement agreement and release with the former employee, the terms of which
are subject to confidentiality provisions. During fiscal 1999, we recorded a
charge of approximately $1.1 million for anticipated settlement and legal costs
related to this case. During fiscal 2000, we recorded an additional charge of
approximately $467,000 to cover additional costs related to the settlement.
During fiscal 2001, we paid the remaining settlement costs and legal fees of
approximately $0.6 million for a total of $1.6 million in legal and settlement
costs related to this case.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
From inception through January 2001, we financed our operations and met
our capital expenditure requirements primarily with $278.9 million in net
proceeds comprised of $181.0 million from private sales of equity securities and
$97.9 million from our initial public offering. On February 15, 2000, we
completed our initial public offering of 7,500,000 shares of common stock at an
initial offering price of $12.00 per share. We also completed private placement
offerings concurrently with our initial public offering with CINAR, Cox
Communications and Gateway Companies, Inc. for 833,333, 1,041,667 and 250,000
shares, respectively, for a total of 2,125,000 shares. The net proceeds from
these offerings, after deducting the underwriting discount and commissions,
offering expenses and payment of financial advisory fees relating to our private
placements, were approximately $106.0 million. In March 2000, the underwriters
exercised 655,150 shares of their overallotment option for total proceeds to us,
net of discounts and commissions, of $7.3 million. At January 31, 2001, we had
$45.6 million of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents and $32.7 million in
short-term investments. The expansion of our business will require significant
additional capital to fund operating losses, capital expenditures and working
capital needs. We have incurred significant losses since our inception and
expect to continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future.
Our working capital has fluctuated significantly since our inception.
This is due, in large part, to the timing of cash payments to vendors, cash
collections from customers, varying resources required for development efforts
on our product offerings, as well as receipt of cash from our preferred stock
financings, initial public offering, private placements and other equity
offerings. We expect our working capital requirements and cash position to
fluctuate significantly from period to period for the foreseeable future for the
same reasons.
Net cash used in operating activities was $49.7 million, $25.3 million
and $16.5 million for fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. Net cash used
during these periods was primarily to fund technology and development, sales and
marketing, including promotion of Lightspan.com, and general and administrative
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33
costs associated with the development and deployment of our Lightspan Achieve
Now and Academic curriculum and fee-based subscription Internet products and
services. We expect our negative operating cash flow to continue for the
foreseeable future.
Net cash used in investing activities was $24.3 million for fiscal 2001
relating primarily to the purchases, offset by maturities, of short-term
investments purchased with proceeds from our initial public offering, $4.2
million used in the purchase of property and equipment and $2.8 million in cash
paid for the acquisitions of Edutest and LearningPlanet.com. Included in
unrealized losses for the year ended January 31, 2001 is $0.8 million of
unrealized losses on an investment in Pacific Gas and Electric. This investment
has an original maturity of less than ninety days and is therefore classified in
cash and cash equivalents, and the unrealized loss has been included in other
comprehensive income in the statement of stockholders' equity. Net cash used in
investing activities was $22.8 million for fiscal 2000 relating primarily to the
$16.1 million increase in short-term investments and $4.3 million in cash paid
for the acquisition of Academic, Global Schoolhouse and StudyWeb. Net cash used
in investing activities was not significant in fiscal 1999.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $114.5 million for fiscal
2001, relating primarily to the proceeds from our initial public offering,
private placements and the underwriter's exercise of their overallotment option.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $46.0 million for fiscal 2000 and
$19.9 million for fiscal 1999 related primarily to the proceeds from the
issuance of preferred stock.
Our future capital requirements will depend on a variety of factors,
including market acceptance of our products and services and the resources we
devote to developing, marketing, selling and supporting our products. We expect
to devote substantial capital resources in connection with brand maintenance,
marketing, promotional activities, maintaining and selling our existing products
and services, and continued development and expansion of our fee-based
subscription Internet offerings and content. In addition, we may devote
substantial capital resources to strategic acquisitions and relationships.
As of January 31, 2001, we believe that our cash and cash equivalents and
the net proceeds from our initial public offering and private placements will be
sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months.
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 133, Accounting for
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. SFAS No. 133 establishes
accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and for hedging
activities. In June 1999, the FASB issued SFAS No. 137, Accounting for
Derivative Instruments and hedging Activities-Deferral of the Effective Date of
FASB Statement 133. The statement defers the effective date of SFAS No. 133 and
will become effective for us for the year ending January 31, 2002. We have
reviewed the impact of this standard on our current reporting and disclosures
and do not believe the adoption of FAS 133 will have a material impact on our
results of operations or financial position.
In December 1999, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff
Accounting Bulletin No. 101, ("SAB 101"), Revenue Recognition in Financial
Statements. We adopted SAB 101 in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2001. SAB 101
requires, among other things, that license and other up-front fees be recognized
over the term of the agreement, unless the fees are in exchange for products
delivered or services performed that represent the culmination of a separate
earnings process. We currently recognize revenue in compliance with SAB 101 and
do not expect the adoption will have a material effect on our financial position
and results of operations.
In March 2000, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 44, or FIN 44,
Accounting for Certain Transactions involving Stock Compensation, which contains
rules designed to clarify the application of Accounting Principles Board 25. FIN
44 became effective on July 1, 2000 and we adopted at that time. The adoption of
FIN 44 did not have an impact on our results of operations or financial
position.
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34
In March 2000, the FASB issued Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 00-2,
or EITF 00-2, Accounting for Web Site Development Costs, which contains rules
designed to develop an approach that account for specific web site development
costs based on the nature of each cost. EITF 00-2 became effective for our third
quarter beginning August 1, 2000 and we adopted at that time. The adoption of
EITF 00-2 did not have an impact on our results of operations or financial
position.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
INTEREST RATE RISK
Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates
primarily to the increase or decrease in the amount of interest income we can
earn on our investment portfolio and on the increase or decrease in the amount
of interest expense we must pay with respect to our various outstanding debt
instruments. Our risk associated with fluctuating interest expense is limited,
however, to the interest rates which are tied to market rates, and our
investments in interest sensitive financial instruments. Under our current
policies, we do not use interest rate derivative instruments to manage exposure
to interest rate changes and do not expect to in the future. We ensure the
safety and preservation of our invested principal funds by limiting default
risks, market risk and reinvestment risk. We mitigate default risk by investing
in securities rated AA or better. A hypothetical 100 basis point adverse move in
interest rates along the entire interest rate yield curve would not materially
affect the fair value of our interest sensitive financial instruments at January
31, 2001 or 2000. Declines in interest rates over time will, however, reduce our
interest income.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The Company's consolidated financial statements at January 31, 2001 and
2000 and the Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors, are included in
this report on Form 10-K on pages 39 through 62.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
There have been no disagreements with accountants on any matter of
accounting principles and practices or financial disclosure.
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PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Information regarding our directors is incorporated by reference to the
sections entitled "Election of Directors" and "Compliance with Section 16(a) of
the Exchange Act" in our Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission in connection with our 2001 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
to be held on June 28, 2001 (the "Proxy Statement"). Information regarding our
executive officers is located in Part I, Item I of this Annual Report, under the
caption "Executive Officers and Key Employees of the Registrant."
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the
Proxy Statement under the heading "Executive Compensation."
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the
Proxy Statement under the heading "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial
Owners and Management."
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the
Proxy Statement under the headings "Related-Party Transactions" and
"Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation."
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PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) The following documents are filed as part of the report:
(1)
PAGE
----
Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors...................... 40
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of January 31, 2001 and 2000............ 41
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended
January 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999........................................ 42
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
for the years ended January 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999.................... 43
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended
January 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999....................................... 44
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements............................. 45
(2) Financial statement schedules other than those listed above have
been omitted because they are either not required, not applicable
or the information is otherwise included.
(3) The following exhibits are incorporated herein by reference or are
filed with this report as indicated below.
FOOTNOTE EXHIBIT
NUMBER NUMBER DESCRIPTION
- -------- ------- -----------
(1) 2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger.
(5) 2.2 Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization among Lightspan,
Inc., Educator Acquisition, Inc., Edutest, Inc., and Certain
Shareholders of Edutest, Inc. dated as of May 24, 2000.
(3) 3.1 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as currently in effect.
(1) 3.2 Bylaws, as currently in effect.
4.1 Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2.
(1) 4.2 Specimen Stock Certificate.
(1) 10.1 1992 Stock Option Plan.
(1) 10.2 Forms of Incentive and Nonstatutory Stock Option Agreement under the 1992
Stock Option Plan.
(6) 10.3 2000 Equity Incentive Plan.
(1) 10.4 Form of Stock Option Agreement pursuant to the 2000 Equity Incentive Plan.
(6) 10.5 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and related offering documents.
(1),(2) 10.6 Office Lease by and between the Company and Insurance Company of the West
dated as of May 28, 1996.
(1) 10.7 Lease by and between the Travelers Insurance Company and Academic Systems
Corporation dated as of July 1, 1996 and amended December 3, 1996.
(1),(2) 10.8 Office Sublease by and between the Company and Qualcomm Incorporated dated as of
December 1, 1997 and amended September 21, 1998.
(1) 10.9 Office Lease by and between the Company and McWin Corporation dated as of
May 1, 1997.
(1) 10.10 Office Lease by and between the Company and Auerbach Plaza Limited Partnership
and Goliac, Inc., dated as of June 4, 1999.
(1) 10.11 Loan and Security Agreement by and between the Company and Silicon Valley Bank
dated as of February 25,1997 and amended December 31, 1997, March 31, 1998 and
March 26, 1999.
(1) 10.12 Master Lease Agreement by and between the Company and Transamerica Business
Credit Corporation dated as of August 14, 1997, including Schedules 1, 2,
3, 4 and 5 thereto.
(1) 10.13 Master Equipment Lease by and between the Company and Pentech Financial Services,
Inc. dated as of July 25, 1999, including supplements 1, 2 and 3 thereto.
35
37
FOOTNOTE EXHIBIT
NUMBER NUMBER DESCRIPTION
- -------- ------- -----------
(1) 10.14 Equipment Financing Agreement by and between the Company and Pentech Financial
Services, Inc. dated as of July 1, 1999.
(1) 10.15 Amended and Restated Investor Rights Agreement by and among the Company and certain
stockholders of the Company dated July 8, 1999.
(1) 10.16 Amendment and Waiver dated October 28, 1999.
(1) 10.17 Amendment to Investor Rights Agreement dated October 29, 1999.
(1) 10.18 Form of Indemnity Agreement between the Company and its directors and officers.
(1) 10.19 Developer Agreement by and between the Company and Sony Computer Entertainment America
dated as of January 26, 1996.
(1),(2) 10.20 Sale and License Agreement by and between the Company and Sony Computer Entertainment
America dated as of January 26, 1996.
(1),(2) 10.21 Letter Agreement by and between the Company and SmarterKids.com, Inc. dated as of July
12, 1999.
(1) 10.22 Academic Systems Fulfillment Agreement by and between Academic Systems Corporation and
FGI Print Management dated as of June 12, 1998.
(1) 10.23 Series E Stock Purchase Agreement by and between the Company and CINAR Corporation
dated as of October 29, 1999.
(1) 10.24 Warrant Agreement to purchase Series A preferred stock by and between the Company and
Comdisco, Inc. dated as of March 15, 1994.
(1) 10.25 Warrant Agreement to purchase Series B preferred stock by and between the Company and
Comdisco, Inc. dated as of May 30, 1995.
(1) 10.26 Warrant Agreement to purchase Series B preferred stock by and between the Company and
Comdisco, Inc. dated as of April 26, 1996.
(1) 10.27 Warrant to purchase Series C preferred stock by and between the Company and Silicon
Valley Bank dated as of March 24, 1997.
(1) 10.28 Warrant Agreement to purchase Series C preferred stock by and between the Company and
Comdisco, Inc. dated as of April 26, 1996.
(1) 10.29 Warrant to purchase Series D preferred stock by and between the Company and Montgomery
Securities.
(1) 10.30 Form of Warrant to purchase Series D preferred stock.
(1) 10.31 Form of Warrant to purchase Series D preferred stock.
(1) 10.32 Letter Agreement regarding strategic initiatives by and between the Company and CINAR
Corporation dated as of October 29, 1999.
(1) 10.33 Amendment and Waiver dated October 28, 1999.
(1) 10.34 Warrant to purchase Series E preferred stock by and between the Company and Comdisco,
Inc.
(1) 10.35 Form of Warrant to purchase Series E preferred stock.
(1) 10.36 Warrant to purchase Series D preferred stock by and between the Company and SZ
Investments L.L.C. dated as of June 6, 1997.
(1) 10.37 Oracle Reseller agreement, dated as of August 9, 1994, including Addendums.
(1) 10.38 Form of Warrant to purchase common stock by and between the Company and Cox
Communications Holdings, Inc. issued concurrent with the closing of our initial
public offering.
(1) 10.39 Stock Purchase Agreement by and between the Company and Cox Communications Holdings,
Inc. dated as of January 11, 2000.
(1) 10.40 Stock Purchase Agreement by and between the Company and Gateway Companies, Inc. dated
as of January 12, 2000.
(3) 10.41 Amendment to Warrant to purchase Series E preferred stock by and between the Company
and CINAR Corporation dated as of January 25, 2000.
(3) 10.42 Office Lease by and between the Company and Lyon & Lyon LLP dated as of March 31, 2000.
(4) 10.43 Licensed Developer Agreement by and between the Company and Sony Computer Entertainment
America dated as of January 26, 2000.
(4) 10.44 PlayStation(R)2 Development System Agreement by and between the Company and Sony
Computer Entertainment America dated as of March 7, 2000.
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38
FOOTNOTE EXHIBIT
NUMBER NUMBER DESCRIPTION
- -------- ------- -----------
(4) 10.45 Master Equipment Lease Extension Letter by and between the Company and Pentech Financial
Services, Inc. dated as of March 29, 2000.
(5) 10.46 Lease Agreement by and between Global Partner Ventures, LLC and Koger Equity, Inc.
dated as of October 16, 1998, as amended.
(5) 10.47 Separation Agreement by and between Winifred B. Wechsler and the Company, dated as of July
31, 2000.
(6) 10.48 Separation Agreement by and between Merritt D. Farren and the Company, dated as of January
31, 2001.
(6) 10.49 Form of Employment Agreement--Tier I for John T. Kernan and Carl E. Zeiger
(6) 10.50 Form of Employment Agreement--Tier II for Michael A. Sicuro, Sandra K. Fivecoat and James
M. Dredge.
(5) 21.1 Subsidiaries of the registrant.
(6) 23.1 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors.
(6) 24.1 Power of Attorney. See page 38.
- ----------
(1) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1,
Registration Statement No. 333-90103, or amendments thereto, and
incorporated herein by reference.
(2) Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to certain
portions of this exhibit. Omitted portions have been filed separately
with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(3) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's 2000 Annual Report on Form 10-K, or
amendments thereto, and incorporated herein by reference.
(4) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the Three Months Ended April 30, 2000, and incorporated herein by
reference.
(5) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1,
Registration Statement No. 333-42288, or amendments thereto, and
incorporated herein by reference.
(6) Filed with this report.
(b) Current Reports on Form 8-K
We did not file any current reports on Form 8-K for the quarter
ended January 31, 2001.
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39
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on the 26th day of
April, 2001.
Lightspan, Inc.
By: /s/ CARL E. ZEIGER
-------------------------------------
Carl E. Zeiger,
President, Chief Operating Officer
April 26, 2001 and Director
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature
appears below constitutes and appoints John T. Kernan and Carl E. Zeiger and
each of them, as his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full
power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place, and
stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual
Report on Form 10-K and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other
documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission,
granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power
and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and
necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and
purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all
that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his
substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant and in the capacities on the dates indicated.
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
--------- ----- ----
/s/ JOHN T. KERNAN Chief Executive Officer and Chairman April 23, 2001
- ----------------------------------- (Principal Executive Officer)
John T. Kernan
/s/ CARL E. ZEIGER President, Chief Operating Officer, April 26, 2001
- ----------------------------------- and Director
Carl E. Zeiger
/s/ MICHAEL A. SICURO Chief Financial Officer April 25, 2001
- ----------------------------------- (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
Michael A. Sicuro
/s/ JAMES W. BREYER Director April 25, 2001
- -----------------------------------
James W. Breyer
/s/ JEFFREY P. SANDERSON Director April 24, 2001
- -----------------------------------
Jeffrey P. Sanderson
/s/ JOHN E. KOLE Director April 24, 2001
- -----------------------------------
John E. Kole
/s/ BARRIE USHER Director April 23, 2001
- -----------------------------------
Barrie Usher
/s/ DAVID D. HILLER Director April 24, 2001
- -----------------------------------
David D. Hiller
/s/ BARRY J. SCHIFFMAN Director April 24, 2001
- -----------------------------------
Barry J. Schiffman
/s/ DALLAS S. CLEMENT Director April 24, 2001
- -----------------------------------
Dallas S. Clement
/s/ ELIZABETH R. COPPINGER Director April 23, 2001
- -----------------------------------
Elizabeth R. Coppinger
38
40
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
PAGE
----
Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors................................. 40
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of January 31, 2001 and 2000....................... 41
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended January 31, 2001,
2000 and 1999.................................................................... 42
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) for the years ended
January 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999.................................................. 43
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended January 31, 2001,
2000 and 1999.................................................................... 44
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements........................................ 45
39
41
REPORT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Lightspan, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
Lightspan, Inc. as of January 31, 2001 and 2000, and the related consolidated
statements of operations, stockholders' equity (deficit), and cash flows for
each of the three years in the period ended January 31, 2001. These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform
the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements
are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An
audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Lightspan,
Inc. at January 31, 2001 and 2000 and the results of its operations and its cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended January 31, 2001, in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
ERNST & YOUNG LLP
San Diego, California
March 2, 2001
40
42
LIGHTSPAN, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
JANUARY 31,
-------------------------
2001 2000
--------- ---------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents ............................................... $ 45,566 $ 5,033
Short-term investments available for sale ............................... 32,683 16,132
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of
$573 (2001) and $651 (2000) ........................................... 11,253 15,683
Finished goods inventory ................................................ 2,567 1,116
Deferred cost of revenues-- Achieve Now ................................. -- 8,709
Restricted cash ......................................................... 1,115 --
Other current assets .................................................... 2,379 2,306
--------- ---------
Total current assets ............................................. 95,563 48,979
Restricted cash ........................................................... 3,653 --
Property and equipment, net ............................................... 5,886 3,254
Goodwill, net of accumulated amortization of $11,603 (2001) and
$2,725 (2000) .......................................................... 24,139 26,058
Intangible assets, net .................................................... 23,596 23,550
Deposits and other assets ................................................. 1,061 591
--------- ---------
Total assets ..................................................... $ 153,898 $ 102,432
========= =========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable ........................................................ $ 5,990 $ 4,677
Accrued liabilities ..................................................... 9,295 9,139
Acquisition consideration payable ....................................... 2,000 5,341
Deferred revenues -- Achieve Now ........................................ -- 48,110
Deferred revenues -- services and other ................................. 8,122 7,022
Other current liabilities ............................................... 373 684
--------- ---------
Total current liabilities ........................................ 25,780 74,973
Deferred revenues -- services and other, less current portion ............. 1,240 --
Other liabilities ......................................................... 563 765
Stockholders' equity:
Convertible preferred stock, par value $0.001:
Authorized shares -- 20,000,000 (2001) and 61,793,074 (2000)
Issued and outstanding shares -- 0 (2001) and 52,230,915 (2000)
Aggregate liquidation preference -- $0 (2001) and $194,935 (2000) ..... -- 52
Common stock, par value $0.001:
Authorized shares -- 250,000,000 (2001) and 75,000,000 (2000)
Issued and outstanding shares -- 46,044,033 (2001) and
4,764,167 (2000) ..................................................... 46 5
Additional paid-in capital .............................................. 354,415 209,740
Deferred advertising expense ............................................ -- (400)
Deferred compensation ................................................... (1,314) (5,211)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss .................................... (714) --
Accumulated deficit ..................................................... (226,118) (177,492)
--------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity ....................................... 126,315 26,694
--------- ---------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity ....................... $ 153,898 $ 102,432
========= =========
See accompanying notes.
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LIGHTSPAN, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
YEARS ENDED JANUARY 31,
-----------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- ---------
Revenues:
Software licenses ................................... $ 75,727 $ 2,210 $ --
Internet subscriptions .............................. 8,382 1,791 1,024
Professional services ............................... 9,175 6,546 3,742
Hardware ............................................ 5,010 6,369 6,104
Other ............................................... 780 -- --
--------- --------- ---------
Total revenues .............................. 99,074 16,916 10,870
Cost of revenues:
Software licenses ................................... 14,435 676 --
Internet subscriptions .............................. 2,456 548 302
Professional services ............................... 4,780 3,142 2,385
Hardware ............................................ 3,578 5,368 4,973
Other ............................................... 37 -- --
--------- --------- ---------
Total cost of revenues ...................... 25,286 9,734 7,660
--------- --------- ---------
Gross profit .......................................... 73,788 7,182 3,210
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing ................................. 56,920 35,643 22,990
Technology and development .......................... 25,775 12,400 10,594
General and administrative .......................... 9,425 6,660 3,590
Stock-based compensation ............................ 2,398 3,704 20
Amortization of intangible assets ................... 16,005 4,975 --
Restructuring ....................................... 1,600 -- --
--------- --------- ---------
Total operating expenses .................... 112,123 63,382 37,194
--------- --------- ---------
Loss from operations .................................. (38,335) (56,200) (33,984)
Interest income ....................................... 6,315 747 638
Interest expense ...................................... (100) (268) (221)
--------- --------- ---------
Net loss .............................................. (32,120) (55,721) (33,567)
Preferred stock dividend .............................. (16,506) -- --
--------- --------- ---------
Net loss applicable to common stockholders ............ $ (48,626) $ (55,721) $ (33,567)
========= ========= =========
Net loss per share:
Basic and diluted ................................... $ (1.10) $ (13.61) $ (9.91)
========= ========= =========
Weighted average shares -- basic and diluted ........ 44,019 4,094 3,388
========= ========= =========
See accompanying notes.
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LIGHTSPAN, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
YEARS ENDED JANUARY 31, 2001, 2000 AND 1999
(IN THOUSANDS)
CONVERTIBLE
PREFERRED STOCK COMMON STOCK ADDITIONAL
------------------ ------------------- PAID-IN
SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL
------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at February 1, 1998 ...................... 30,049 $ 30 3,276 $ 3 $ 89,853
Issuance of Series D convertible
preferred stock ............................... 5,479 5 -- -- 20,467
Exercise of stock options ...................... -- -- 265 1 143
Deferred compensation related to stock
options ....................................... -- -- -- -- 212
Amortization of deferred compensation .......... -- -- -- -- --
Net loss and comprehensive net loss ............ -- -- -- -- --
------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at January 31, 1999 ...................... 35,528 35 3,541 4 110,675
Issuance of Series E convertible
preferred stock ............................... 6,614 7 -- -- 33,018
Issuance of Series E convertible
preferred stock in exchange for future
advertising ................................... 80 -- -- -- 400
Series E convertible preferred stock
issued in connection with the
acquisition of Academic Systems ............... 7,192 7 -- -- 35,952
Series E convertible preferred stock
issued in connection with the acquisition of
StudyWeb ...................................... 217 -- -- -- 1,085
Issuance of common stock in connection
with the acquisition of Academic Systems ...... -- -- 570 -- 4,711
Issuance of options and warrants in ............
connection with the acquisition of
Academic Systems .............................. -- -- -- -- 1,818
Issuance of Series E preferred stock ........... 2,600 3 -- -- 12,997
Exercise of stock options ...................... -- -- 653 1 361
Deferred compensation related to stock
options ....................................... -- -- -- -- 8,723
Amortization of deferred compensation .......... -- -- -- -- --
Net loss and comprehensive net loss ............ -- -- -- -- --
------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at January 31, 2000 ...................... 52,231 52 4,764 5 209,740
Conversion of convertible preferred
stock into common stock upon completion
of initial public offering ................... (52,231) (52) 27,088 27 25
Issuance of common stock in initial
public offering, net of offering costs,
commissions and discounts of $9,042 .......... -- -- 8,155 8 88,811
Issuance of common stock in private
placements, net of advisory fees of $930 ..... -- -- 2,125 2 24,568
Issuance of common stock in connection
with the purchase of Edutest and
LearningPlanet.com, net of registration
fees ......................................... -- -- 1,019 1 8,934
Issuance of common stock ...................... -- -- 1,515 2 7,331
Net reduction to deferred compensation
related to stock options ..................... -- -- -- -- (1,499)
Amortization of deferred compensation ......... -- -- -- -- --
Use of advertising credits .................... -- -- -- -- --
Preferred stock dividend ....................... -- -- 1,378 1 16,505
Comprehensive loss:
Unrealized loss ............................... -- -- -- -- --
Net loss ...................................... -- -- -- -- --
Comprehensive loss .............................. -- -- -- -- --
------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at January 31, 2001 ..................... -- $ -- 46,044 $ 46 $ 354,415
==================================================================
DEFERRED OTHER TOTAL
ADVERTISING DEFERRED COMPREHENSIVE ACCUMULATED STOCKHOLDERS'
EXPENSE COMPENSATION LOSS DEFICIT EQUITY (DEFICIT)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at February 1, 1998 ...................... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ (88,204) $ 1,682
Issuance of Series D convertible
preferred stock ............................... -- -- -- -- 20,472
Exercise of stock options ...................... -- -- -- -- 144
Deferred compensation related to stock
options ....................................... -- (212) -- -- --
Amortization of deferred compensation .......... -- 20 -- -- 20
Net loss and comprehensive net loss ............ -- -- -- (33,567) (33,567)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at January 31, 1999 ...................... -- (192) -- (121,771) (11,249)
Issuance of Series E convertible
preferred stock ............................... -- -- -- -- 33,025
Issuance of Series E convertible
preferred stock in exchange for future
advertising ................................... (400) -- -- -- --
Series E convertible preferred stock
issued in connection with the
acquisition of Academic Systems ............... -- -- -- -- 35,959
Series E convertible preferred stock
issued in connection with the acquisition of
StudyWeb ...................................... -- -- -- -- 1,085
Issuance of common stock in connection
with the acquisition of Academic Systems ...... -- -- -- -- 4,711
Issuance of options and warrants in ............ --
connection with the acquisition of
Academic Systems .............................. -- -- -- -- 1,818
Issuance of Series E preferred stock ........... -- -- -- -- 13,000
Exercise of stock options ...................... -- -- -- -- 362
Deferred compensation related to stock
options ....................................... -- (8,723) -- -- --
Amortization of deferred compensation .......... -- 3,704 -- -- 3,704
Net loss and comprehensive net loss ............ -- -- -- (55,721) (55,721)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at January 31, 2000 ...................... (400) (5,211) -- (177,492) 26,694
Conversion of convertible preferred
stock into common stock upon completion
of initial public offering ................... -- -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock in initial
public offering, net of offering costs,
commissions and discounts of $9,042 .......... -- -- -- -- 88,819
Issuance of common stock in private
placements, net of advisory fees of $930 ..... -- -- -- -- 24,570
Issuance of common stock in connection
with the purchase of Edutest and
LearningPlanet.com, net of registration
fees ......................................... -- -- -- -- 8,935
Issuance of common stock ...................... -- -- -- -- 7,333
Net reduction to deferred compensation
related to stock options ..................... -- 1,499 -- -- --
Amortization of deferred compensation ......... -- 2,398 -- -- 2,398
Use of advertising credits .................... 400 -- -- -- 400
Preferred stock dividend ....................... -- -- -- (16,506) --
Comprehensive loss:
Unrealized loss ............................... -- -- (714) -- (714)
Net loss ...................................... -- -- -- (32,120) (32,120)
-------------
Comprehensive loss .............................. -- -- -- -- (32,834)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at January 31, 2001 ..................... $ -- $ (1,314) $ (714) $(226,118) $ 126,315
==============================================================================
See accompanying notes.
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LIGHTSPAN, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS)
YEARS ENDED JANUARY 31,
-----------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
--------- --------- ---------
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss ............................................................. $ (32,120) $ (55,721) $ (33,567)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating
activities:
Depreciation and amortization .................................... 1,821 1,193 1,305
Provision for doubtful accounts .................................. (78) 188 (133)
Amortization of intangible assets ................................ 16,005 4,975 --
Amortization of deferred stock-based compensation ................ 2,398 3,704 20
Change in deferred advertising expense ........................... 400 -- --
Restructuring charge, non-cash portion ........................... 533 -- --
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects
of assets acquired:
Accounts receivable .......................................... 5,266 (7,099) (2,418)
Finished goods inventory ..................................... (1,451) 434 (348)
Deferred cost of revenue ..................................... 8,709 (5,154) (3,555)
Restricted cash .............................................. (4,768) -- --
Deposits and other assets .................................... (527) (1,670) 86
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities ..................... 329 4,383 436
Deferred revenue ............................................. (46,188) 29,485 21,667
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash flows used in operating activities .................... (49,671) (25,282) (16,507)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of short-term investments ............................... (35,753) (16,132) --
Maturities of short-term investments .............................. 18,488 -- --
Purchase of property and equipment ................................ (4,204) (2,353) (726)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment ...................... -- 5 24
Net cash paid for acquisitions .................................... (2,845) (4,302) --
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash flows used in investing activities .................... (24,314) (22,782) (702)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock ............................ 114,011 -- --
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock ......................... -- 46,025 20,472
Proceeds from capital leases ..................................... -- 683 699
Principal repayments on capital leases ............................ (391) (1,064) (1,385)
Principal repayments on notes payable ............................. (257) (52) --
Net proceeds from exercise of stock options ....................... 1,155 362 144
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash flows provided by financing activities ................ 114,518 45,954 19,930
--------- --------- ---------
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ..................... 40,533 (2,110) 2,721
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year ....................... 5,033 7,143 4,422
--------- --------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year ............................. $ 45,566 $ 5,033 $ 7,143
========= ========= =========
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Interest paid ..................................................... $ 100 $ 173 $ 193
========= ========= =========
SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING
ACTIVITIES:
Deferred stock-based compensation .................................. $ (1,499) $ 8,723 $ 212
========= ========= =========
Conversion of convertible preferred stock into common stock ........ $ 52 $ -- $ --
========= ========= =========
Issuance of common stock related to the acquisitions of
Academic, Edutest and LearningPlanet.com ......................... $ 14,490 $ 4,711 $ --
========= ========= =========
Issuance of common stock as preferred stock dividend ............... $ 16,506 $ -- $ --
========= ========= =========
Series E preferred stock issued in connection with the
Acquisition of Academic ........................................... $ -- $ 35,959 $ --
========= ========= =========
Valuation of options and warrants issued in connection with
the acquisition of Academic ....................................... $ -- $ 1,818 $ --
========= ========= =========
Additional consideration payable related to the acquisitions
of Academic and Edutest ........................................... $ 2,000 $ 5,341 $ --
========= ========= =========
Series E preferred stock issued for future advertising ............. $ -- $ 400 $ --
========= ========= =========
Series E preferred stock issued in connection with the
acquisition of StudyWeb ........................................... $ -- $ 1,085 $ --
========= ========= =========
See accompanying notes.
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LIGHTSPAN, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS ACTIVITY
Lightspan, Inc. ("Lightspan") was founded in 1993. Lightspan was
incorporated as The Lightspan Partnership, Inc. and changed its name to
Lightspan, Inc. on April 10, 2000. Lightspan provides curriculum-based
educational software and Internet products and services to schools and school
districts that are used both in school and at home. Lightspan Achieve Now is an
interactive CD-ROM-based software product for kindergarten through eighth grade
schools, or K-8, that covers the core curriculum of language arts, reading and
math. The Lightspan Achieve Now program typically includes the Lightspan Achieve
Now software and a PlayStation(R) game console that the student uses to operate
the program at home throughout the school year. The Lightspan Network is an
online subscription service that provides curriculum-based content for classroom
and home use. Academic software is a CD-ROM-based product that serves the
college market with an English and mathematics curriculum designed to meet the
needs of under-prepared students. AcademicOnline 2000 is the Web-enhanced
Interactive Mathematics and Interactive English product line which colleges may
implement using client workstations that are located solely within an intranet,
on the Internet (a distance learning configuration), or with a combination of
intranet and Internet-based workstations. Academic.com is a complete
Internet-based product offering that helps faculty create, manage and teach
courses online and offers a complete suite of instructional tools, content and
services. Edutest offers a combination of online assessment products and
proprietary test questions, eduTest@School and eduTest@School Plus, covering
language arts, mathematics, history and science, allowing educators to assess
their students' progress in the classroom. The results can be analyzed at the
school district, the individual school and the classroom levels.
PRINCIPALS OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Lightspan
and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Academic Systems Corporation ("Academic") and
Edutest, Inc. ("Edutest" or "eduTest.com"). All intercompany accounts and
transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and highly liquid investments
which include debt securities with original maturities when acquired of three
months or less. Restricted cash consists of certificates of deposit that are
used as collateral against lines of credit.
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
Short-term investments consist of fixed income investments with an
original maturity of greater than three months such as United States treasury
securities, obligations of the United States government agencies and other
investment grade securities such as commercial paper and corporate bonds rated
AA or better. The Company applies Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
("SFAS") No. 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity
Securities" to its investments in short-term investments. Short-term investments
classified as available-for-sale are recorded at estimated fair value with
unrealized gains or losses reported in stockholders' equity.
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Substantially all of Lightspan's accounts receivable are from school
districts and colleges located throughout the United States and Puerto Rico. The
company maintains an adequate level of accounts receivable reserves in
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order to minimize the risk of loss due to uncollectible accounts. Management
periodically assesses the adequacy of these reserves based on various business
risk factors that include availability of customer funding and customer
delinquency trends. Historically, uncollected accounts have been minimal and
have not exceeded management's expectations.
INVENTORY
Inventory consists primarily of hardware and software and is stated at
the lower of cost (first in, first out basis) or market.
DEFERRED COST OF REVENUES
Deferred cost of revenues at January 31, 2000 consists of costs incurred
to duplicate and package titles shipped for which revenue has been deferred. The
deferral of these costs commenced February 1, 1998, when Lightspan adopted AICPA
Statement of Position ("SOP") 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition and were fully
recognized in the two quarters ended July 31, 2000 upon shipment of the final
Achieve Now curriculum titles.
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment is stated at cost and depreciated or amortized
over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the related asset (two to five
years) or the term of the lease, using the straight-line method.
AMORTIZATION OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible assets consist of customer base, core technology, trademark
and trade name, assembled workforce and goodwill and are amortized over useful
lives ranging from three to ten years.
DEFERRED REVENUES
Payments received in advance of amounts earned are recorded as deferred
revenue in the accompanying financial statements.
IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
The Company evaluates the recoverability of its long-lived assets in
accordance with SFAS No. 121, "Accounting for Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed Of". SFAS 121 requires recognition of
impairment of long-lived assets in the event the net book value of these assets
exceeds the future undiscounted cash flows attributable to these assets. The
Company assesses potential impairment to its long-lived assets when there is
evidence that events or changes in circumstances have made recovery of the
asset's carrying value unlikely. Should an impairment exist, the impairment loss
would be measured based on the excess of the carrying value of the assets over
the asset's fair value or discounted estimates of future cash flows. The Company
has not identified any such impairment losses to date.
REVENUE
Lightspan derives its revenues from the licensing of software, product
implementation, materials, training services, customer support services,
Internet subscriptions, and the sale of PlayStation game consoles and
accessories.
In software arrangements that include multiple elements, such as those
that include rights to software products, customer support and product
implementation and training services, Lightspan allocates the total fee to each
component of the arrangement based on objective evidence of its fair value,
which is specific to Lightspan. The objective evidence for each element is based
on the sale price of each element when sold or offered for sale separately.
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Software Licenses
Lightspan sells its Lightspan Achieve Now licenses in three distinct
grade clusters -- grades K through 2; grades 3 through 4; and grades 5 through
8. Each grade cluster includes 32 to 35 separate Lightspan Achieve Now titles,
with each title consisting of one distinct CD-ROM. As of January 31, 2000, there
were a total of 77 separate titles, some of which were included in more than one
grade cluster. From fiscal 1997 through fiscal 2000, certain titles were under
development at various stages in the development cycle. Lightspan considers
titles that have completed the development cycle and have been released for
shipment to customers to be "completed," and considers titles still in the
development cycle to be "as-yet uncompleted." As of January 31, 2000, 72 of the
77 titles had been completed and five of the 77 titles were still as-yet
uncompleted.
In July 2000, the Company completed and shipped all Lightspan Achieve Now
titles in all grade clusters used on the PlayStation game console and on a PC
platform, resulting in the recognition of $48.1 million of revenue previously
deferred, and the recognition of $8.7 million of previously deferred expenses as
cost of revenue, pursuant to SOP 97-2 as discussed below.
On February 1, 1998, Lightspan adopted the provisions of SOP 97-2,
Software Revenue Recognition, as amended by SOP 98-4, Deferral of the Effective
Date of Certain Provisions of SOP 97-2. Under SOP 97-2, Lightspan recognizes
software license revenue when (i) an agreement has been executed or a definitive
purchase order has been received; (ii) the product has been shipped or services
have been performed; (iii) the fee has become fixed and determinable; (iv) the
collection of the fee is considered probable; (v) the related hardware, if
applicable, has been shipped, and (vi) when all titles for a given grade cluster
have been delivered to its customers. In early 1998, Lightspan began providing
customers with a specific list of titles which were planned to be eventually
provided to the customers, as well as the projected delivery dates for these
titles. Prior to April 30, 2000, Lightspan deferred the recognition of all
revenue for Achieve Now licenses, since objective fair values of individual
as-yet uncompleted titles could not be determined and used to allocate the
license fee to the individual titles as they were shipped.
In December 1999, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") issued
Staff Accounting Bulletin No. ("SAB") 101, Revenue Recognition in Financial
Statements. The Company adopted SAB 101 in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2001.
SAB 101 requires, among other things, that license and other up-front fees be
recognized over the term of the agreement, unless the fees are nonrefundable and
in exchange for products delivered or services performed that represent the
culmination of a separate earnings process. The Company currently recognizes
revenue in accordance with SAB 101, and the adoption did not have a material
effect on the Company's financial position and results of operations.
Academic curriculum products are licensed to colleges and then sold by
the licensing colleges to students on a student-by-student basis for use with
each class, instead of a textbook. As Lightspan is not contractually obligated
to provide further service after delivery of the license, Lightspan recognizes
the full sales value of Academic license revenue generally upon delivery.
Historically, Lightspan has experienced minimal customer cancellations,
forfeitures or discontinuations of licenses.
Internet Subscriptions
Revenue derived from fee-based Internet subscriptions including The
Lightspan Network and Academic.com is recognized on a straight-line basis over
the term of the agreement (generally one year).
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Professional Services
Revenue derived from professional services, including product
implementation and customer training provided by the professional development
organization, is recognized as the services are performed in accordance with the
standard implementation, training, service, and evaluation plans that Lightspan
establishes for its customers. Revenue derived from telephone support and
maintenance arrangements provided by the professional development organization
is recognized ratably over the term of the support and maintenance period,
generally one-year.
Hardware
Revenue derived from hardware revenue, including the sale of PlayStation
game consoles and related accessories, is recognized upon delivery of the
console and the related software product.
ADVERTISING COSTS
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and were $5.7 million, $0.4
million and $0.1 million for the years ended January 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999,
respectively.
TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES
Technology and development expenses include software development costs
which are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility has been
established and a definitive decision has been made to proceed with the
commercial launch of the title. To date, these factors have not been met until
substantial completion of the title, and therefore costs associated with
software development have been expensed as incurred.
WEB SITE DEVELOPMENT COSTS
Technology and development expenses also include Web site development
costs which are evaluated under Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") 00-2
Accounting for Web Site Development Costs. Web site development costs for which
a plan exists to market the Web-site externally are accounted for pursuant to
SFAS 86, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to Be Sold, Leased, or
Otherwise Marketed and are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility
has been established and a definitive decision has been made to proceed with the
commercial launch of the Web site. To date, technological feasibility has not
been met until substantial completion of the Web site, and therefore costs
associated with Web site development costs have been expensed as incurred.
Web site development costs relating to software (which includes Web site
application, infrastructure and graphics) used to operate a web site internally
and for which a plan to market the Web site externally does not exist are
accounted for in accordance with SOP 98-1 Accounting for the Cost of Computer
Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use. According to SOP 98-1, once
capitalization criteria of SOP 98-1 have been met, the Company capitalizes costs
such as external direct costs of materials and services, payroll and payroll
related costs for employees who are directly associated with developing the
internal--use software or upgrades and enhancements that result in additional
functionality. Training costs, data conversion costs and operating expenses are
expensed as incurred. As of January 31, 2001, the Company had not incurred any
Web site development costs meeting the criteria for capitalization.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
As permitted by SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,
Lightspan has elected to follow Accounting Principles Board Opinion ("APB") No.
25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related Interpretations in
accounting for stock-based employee compensation. Under APB No. 25, if the
exercise price of Lightspan's employee and director stock options equals or
exceeds the fair value of the underlying stock on the date of grant, no
compensation expense is recognized. When the exercise price of the employee or
director
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stock options is less than the fair value of the underlying stock on the grant
date, Lightspan records deferred stock compensation for the difference and
amortizes this amount to expense in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 28,
("FIN 28"), over the vesting period of the options. Options or stock awards
issued to non-employees are recorded at their fair value as determined in
accordance with SFAS No. 123 and EITF 96-18, and recognized over the related
service period.
COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
The Company has adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 130, "Reporting
Comprehensive Income". SFAS No. 130 establishes standards for reporting
comprehensive income and its components in financial statements. Comprehensive
income, as defined, includes all changes in equity (net assets) during a period
from non-owner sources. Net loss and other comprehensive loss, including foreign
currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains and losses on investments
shall be reported, net of their related tax effect, to arrive at comprehensive
loss. The Company's net loss and its total comprehensive loss are included in a
supplementary schedule in the statement of stockholders' equity for the year
ended January 31, 2001. Total comprehensive loss was equivalent to reported net
loss for the years ended January 31, 2000 and 1999.
SEGMENT REPORTING
SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information, establishes standards for disclosure about operating segments in
annual financial statements and selected information in interim financial
reports. It also establishes standards for related disclosures about products
and services, geographic areas and major customers. Lightspan adopted this new
standard as of January 31, 1999. See Note 10.
NET LOSS PER SHARE
Lightspan computes net loss per share in accordance with SFAS No. 128,
Earnings Per Share. Under the provisions of SFAS No. 128, basic net income
(loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) for the period by
the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income
(loss) for the period by the weighted average number of common and common
equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive securities
composed of incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of stock
options and warrants, and common shares issuable on conversion of preferred
stock, were excluded from historical diluted loss per share because of their
anti-dilutive effect. Dilutive common stock equivalents would include the
dilutive effects of common stock options, convertible preferred stock (as if
converted), warrants for common stock, and restricted stock that has not yet
fully vested. Potentially dilutive securities totaled 1.4 million, 29.5 million
and 20.1 million for the years ended January 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999,
respectively, and were excluded from the diluted earnings per share because of
their antidilutive effect.
USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires Lightspan management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and
disclosures made in the accompanying notes to the financial statements. Actual
results could differ from those estimates.
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts
receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and capital lease
obligations, are carried at cost, which management believes approximates fair
value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. Short-term
investments, consisting primarily of corporate fixed income securities and
commercial paper that mature within one year, are carried at fair value which is
based on quoted market prices for such securities.
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2. DETAILED BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION (IN THOUSANDS)
Cash and cash equivalents consist of the following:
JANUARY 31,
--------------------
2001 2000
------- -------
Cash ............................................. $ 893 $ 1,780
Money market accounts ............................ 27,880 71
Commercial paper ................................. 9,296 3,142
U.S. government securities ....................... 7,457 --
Certificates of deposit .......................... 40 40
------- -------
$45,566 $ 5,033
======= =======
Restricted cash
Certificates of deposit, current portion ....... 1,115 --
Certificates of deposit, long term portion ..... 3,653 --
------- -------
Total restricted cash ............................ $ 4,768 $ --
======= =======
Included in unrealized losses for the year ended January 31, 2001 is $0.8
million related to an investment in Pacific Gas and Electric. This investment
has an original maturity of less than ninety days and is therefore classified in
cash and cash equivalents, and the unrealized loss has been included in other
comprehensive income in the statement of stockholders equity.
At January 31, 2001, short-term investments consisted of the following.
UNREALIZED FAIR MARKET
AMORTIZED COST GAIN(LOSS) VALUE
-------------- --------- -----------
Commercial paper ....................... $19,819 $ -- $19,819
U.S. Corporate bonds ................... 6,077 35 6,112
Certificates of deposit ................ 4,212 12 4,224
U.S. government securities ............. 2,527 1 2,528
------- ------- -------
Total marketable securities ......... $32,635 $ 48 $32,683
======= ======= =======
Cash and cash equivalents .............. $46,328 $ (762) $45,566
======= ======= =======
Total cash and cash equivalents
and marketable securities ............ $78,963 $ (714) $78,249
======= ======= =======
At January 31, 2000, marketable securities consisted of the following.
UNREALIZED FAIR MARKET
AMORTIZED COST GAIN(LOSS) VALUE
-------------- ---------- -----------
U.S. Corporate bonds ................... $ 2,265 $ -- $ 2,265
Commercial paper ....................... 13,867 -- 13,867
------- ----- -------
Total marketable securities ............ $16,132 $ -- $16,132
======= ===== =======
Cash and cash equivalents .............. $ 5,033 $ -- $ 5,033
======= ===== =======
Total cash and cash equivalents
and marketable securities ............ $21,165 $ -- $21,165
======= ===== =======
Intangible assets consist of the following:
JANUARY 31,
---------------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
Customer base .......................... $ 17,500 $ 16,200
Core technology ........................ 10,400 5,600
Trademark and trade name ............... 4,100 3,000
Assembled workforce .................... 1,200 1,000
-------- --------
33,200 25,800
Less accumulated amortization .......... (9,604) (2,250)
-------- --------
$ 23,596 $ 23,550
======== ========
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Property and equipment consist of the following:
JANUARY 31,
---------------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
Computer equipment .................................... $ 9,871 $ 6,095
Software .............................................. 1,242 904
Office furniture and equipment ........................ 1,938 1,532
-------- --------
13,051 8,531
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization ........ (7,165) (5,277)
-------- --------
$ 5,886 $ 3,254
======== ========
Accrued liabilities consist of the following:
JANUARY 31,
----------------------
2001 2000
------ ------
Accrued compensation and related expenses .......... $7,311 $6,006
Other accrued liabilities .......................... 1,984 3,133
------ ------
$9,295 $9,139
====== ======
3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS AND STRATEGIC RELATIONSHIPS
ACQUISITION OF ACADEMIC SYSTEMS CORPORATION
On May 10, 1999, Lightspan entered into a merger agreement with Academic,
which sells and supports interactive multimedia learning systems, principally to
colleges and universities. In connection with the merger agreement which was
consummated on September 20, 1999, Lightspan issued 7,191,839 shares of Series E
convertible preferred stock, 570,356 shares of common stock, options to purchase
263,404 shares of common stock, and warrants to purchase 42,216 shares of Series
E convertible preferred stock, (which became warrants to purchase 21,108 shares
of common stock upon closing of the Offering) and agreed to pay $1.7 million in
cash, in exchange for all of the outstanding common and preferred shares of
Academic and all outstanding Academic options and warrants. The acquisition was
accounted for as a purchase.
The Series E convertible preferred stock was valued at $5.00 per share
(the same price that such shares were sold for cash in July, September and
October 1999). The merger agreement included a "put right" whereby Academic
common shareholders could elect to receive cash of $1.00 per Academic common
share ($8.26 per Lightspan common share on an as-converted basis) in lieu of
shares of Lightspan common stock. Shareholders approximating 21% of Academic's
common shares and outstanding options exercised the "put right," resulting in an
aggregate cash payment of $1.7 million. The remaining Academic common shares and
options to purchase common shares were converted to Lightspan common stock and
options to purchase common stock at a ratio of .12121-to-1. The 570,356 common
shares to be issued were valued at $8.26 per share (the same price on an
as-converted basis that Academic common shareholders and optionholders were paid
upon election of the "put right"). The 263,404 options to purchase Lightspan
common stock that were issued to Academic optionholders were recorded at their
fair value of $6.82 per share in accordance with APB 16 with the fair value
determined by the minimum value method.
Subsequent to September 20, 1999, the date the acquisition was
consummated, Lightspan issued additional consideration in the amount of $5.3
million, representing 1,068,015 shares of Series E preferred stock (which
converted into 534,008 shares of common stock upon completion of the Offering)
in early 2000 to certain Academic stockholders and recorded this amount as a
liability at January 31, 2000. In March 2000, Lightspan issued these shares to
such stockholders.
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The aggregate purchase price totaled $50.0 million as follows (in
thousands):
Valuation of Series E convertible preferred stock issued ................................. $35,959
Valuation of common stock issued ......................................................... 4,711
Issuance of cash pursuant to exercise of "put right" ..................................... 1,734
Valuation of options and warrants exchanged for Academic options and warrants ............ 1,818
Acquisition costs ........................................................................ 369
Additional consideration issuable in Series E convertible preferred stock (common
stock upon completion of the Offering) ................................................. 5,342
-------
Aggregate purchase price ................................................................. $49,933
=======
The purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired, consisting
principally of intangible assets and goodwill, which are being amortized over
useful lives ranging from four to ten years.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the results of
operations of Academic since September 20, 1999, the date the acquisition was
consummated.
ACQUISITION OF GLOBAL SCHOOLHOUSE
On September 2, 1999, Lightspan acquired certain assets of The Global
SchoolNet Foundation, principally consisting of the Web site
GlobalSchoolhouse.com, an education Web site designed to help teachers develop
and manage collaborative learning projects online, and related intellectual
property, for $2.5 million in cash. The acquisition was accounted for as a
purchase. The purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired, principally
intangible assets related to the Web site, which are being amortized over a
three-year useful life. The accompanying consolidated financial statements
include the results of operations of Global Schoolhouse since September 2, 1999.
ACQUISITION OF STUDYWEB
On October 28, 1999, Lightspan acquired certain assets of American
Computer Resource, principally consisting of the Web site StudyWeb.com, a
research website designed to help parents, teachers and students find online
educational resources, and related intellectual property, for consideration of
$1.0 million in cash and 217,000 shares of Series E convertible preferred stock,
valued at $5.00 per share. The aggregate purchase price was $2.1 million. The
acquisition was accounted for as a purchase. The purchase price was allocated to
the assets acquired, principally intangible assets related to the Web site,
which are being amortized over a three-year useful life. The accompanying
consolidated financial statements include the results of operations of StudyWeb
since October 28, 1999, the date the acquisition was consummated.
ACQUISITION OF EDUTEST, INC.
On May 24, 2000, Lightspan entered into a merger agreement with Edutest,
which offers a combination of online assessment products and proprietary test
questions covering language arts, mathematics, history and science, allowing
educators to assess their students' progress in the classroom. In connection
with the merger agreement, which was consummated on June 23, 2000, Lightspan
paid $2.2 million in cash, $1.3 million of which was paid to Edutest common
shareholders and the remaining $1.1 million of which was paid in satisfaction of
various obligations of Edutest. Lightspan also issued 1,028,543 shares of common
stock with a value at the measurement date of $8.75 per share valued at $9.0
million, with a potential for up to an additional 228,561 hold-back shares
valued at $2.0 million over the next 18 months and up to an additional $2.0
million in stock over the subsequent 12 months based upon certain revenue based
performance criteria, in exchange for all of the outstanding common and
preferred shares of Edutest. The acquisition was accounted for as a purchase.
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The aggregate purchase price, including the 228,561 hold-back shares
valued at $2.0 million, but excluding the $2.0 million in potential earnout
payments, totaled $13.6 million as follows (in thousands):
Valuation of common stock issued ................................ $ 9,000
Valuation of hold-back shares ................................... 2,000
Acquisition costs ............................................... 287
Cash paid to Edutest shareholders ............................... 1,309
Cash paid in satisfaction of certain Edutest liabilities ........ 1,054
-------
Aggregate purchase price ........................................ $13,650
=======
The purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired, consisting
principally of intangible assets and goodwill, which are being amortized over
useful lives of three to five years. The accompanying consolidated financial
statements include the results of operations of Edutest since June 23, 2000, the
date the acquisition was consummated.
ACQUISITION OF LEARNINGPLANET.COM
On May 26, 2000, Lightspan acquired LearningPlanet.com, a popular
education Web destination for children and their parents. The acquisition is
expected to augment the extensive collection of preschool through high school
curriculum-based learning activities already available in Lightspan's fee-based
subscription Internet products and services. LearningPlanet.com features
creative and instructional learning activities in mathematics and language arts.
Launched in June 1999, LearningPlanet.com has focused on creating activities for
kids that are both entertaining and educational. The transaction was structured
as an asset purchase, with Lightspan acquiring the LearningPlanet.com Web site
and related technology and assets in exchange for a combination of approximately
$0.15 million in our common stock and $0.2 million in cash. The purchase price
was allocated to goodwill and amortized over a useful life of three years. The
accompanying consolidated financial statements include the results of operations
of LearningPlanet.com since May 26, 2000, the date the acquisition was
consummated.
PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The following unaudited pro forma financial information assumes the
acquisitions of Academic, Global Schoolhouse, Study Web, Edutest and
LearningPlanet.com were consummated on February 1, 1999 (in thousands, except
per share data):
YEARS ENDED JANUARY 31,
---------------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
Revenues .................................... $ 99,607 $ 23,334
Net loss .................................... $(51,607) $(74,031)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted ....... $ (1.19) $ (18.08)
======== ========
4. RESTRUCTURING
In July 2000, the Company completed a restructuring plan designed to
refocus its sales and marketing efforts away from its free Internet products and
toward its fee-based subscription Internet products such as The Lightspan
Network, eduTest@School and eduTest@School Plus, which resulted in a $1.6
million charge. The restructuring charge included $1.2 million in involuntary
termination benefits relating to the termination of 14 employees in August 2000.
The Company also accrued exit costs of $0.4 million relating to contractual
obligations for services associated with its free Internet site that will no
longer be used to generate revenue for the Company. As of January 31, 2001, the
Company had paid $1.1 million in involuntary termination benefits and exit costs
and anticipates paying the remaining involuntary termination benefits through
the first quarter of fiscal 2003.
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5. LETTER OF CREDIT AND FINANCING FACILITY
In October 2000, Lightspan entered into a $2.5 million letter of credit
with a financial institution related to a three-year contract with a customer
whereby in the event of cancellation of the contract, the customer can draw an
amount equivalent to the value of any non-delivered services, not to exceed the
value of the letter of credit. The amount of this letter of credit will decrease
to $1.7 million on September 30, 2001 and to $0.8 million on September 30, 2002
and will expire on September 30, 2003. The letter of credit is collateralized by
a $2.5 million certificate of deposit and the face value of the certificate of
deposit is recorded as restricted cash. As of January 31, 2001, the contract has
not been cancelled and no amount has been drawn against the letter of credit.
In April 1999, Lightspan entered into a $1.0 million capital lease line
with a financial institution under which Lightspan financed the purchase of
substantially all capital equipment at an 8.8% interest rate, with payments due
over a 42-month period and a purchase option at the end of the lease term. The
lease line expired in September 2000.
6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Lightspan leases its facilities under operating lease agreements subject
to annual escalation provisions based upon the Consumer Price Index. Facilities
rent and operating lease expenses were $1.9 million, $1.2 million and $1.3
million, for the years ended January 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
At January 31, 2001, future minimum lease payments for all leases with
initial terms of one year or more are as follows for each fiscal year ending
January 31 (in thousands):
OPERATING CAPITAL
LEASES LEASES
-------- -------
2002 ....................................................... $ 2,252 $ 415
2003 ....................................................... 1,896 242
2004 ....................................................... 1,256 36
2005 ....................................................... -- --
------- -------
Total minimum lease payments ............................... $ 5,404 693
=======
Less amounts representing interest ......................... (52)
-------
Present value of future minimum lease payments ............. 641
Less current portion of capital lease obligations .......... (373)
-------
Long-term capital lease obligations ........................ $ 268
=======
Capital lease obligations are included in other liabilities on the
balance sheet at January 31, 2001.
In addition, Lightspan subleases a portion of their facilities for a
period of one year subject to one-year renewal options. Sublease income was $0.5
million, $0.4 million and $0.2 million for the years ended January 31, 2001,
2000 and 1999, respectively.
Cost of equipment acquired under capital leases totaled $1.8 million,
$1.8 million and $3.7 million (and accumulated amortization totaled $1.2
million, $1.1 million and $2.6 million) at January 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999,
respectively.
7. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING
On February 15, 2000, Lightspan completed its initial public offering
(the "Offering") of 7,500,000 shares of common stock at $12 per share. Lightspan
also issued 2,125,000 shares at the same price in private placements that
occurred concurrently with the Offering. In March 2000 the underwriters
exercised a portion of their overallotment option and purchased 655,150
additional shares at the Offering price. Total net proceeds as a result
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of the Offering, private placements and overallotment exercise after deducting
the underwriting discount and commissions, offering expenses and financial
advisory fees was approximately $113.4 million.
CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
All series of preferred stock automatically converted into 27,087,810
shares of common stock at the then effective conversion price upon the closing
of the Offering on February 15, 2000.
Upon the completion of Lightspan's initial public offering of common
stock in February 2000, warrants to purchase up to 2,760,160 shares of Series D
preferred stock at $.02 per share converted into warrants to purchase up to
1,380,080 shares of common stock and were automatically exercised, resulting in
the issuance of 1,377,762 shares of common stock (after application of certain
"net exercise" provisions that permitted exercise without additional cash
payment combined with the issuance of a reduced number of shares). As a result,
on February 15, 2000, Lightspan accounted for the intrinsic value by charging
retained earnings an additional $16.5 million and increasing the carrying amount
of common stock by a corresponding amount. Such amount increased the net loss
per share applicable to common stockholders for the year ended January 31, 2001.
STOCK OPTION PLAN
In 1993, Lightspan adopted its 1993 Stock Option Plan, which was renamed
the 2000 Equity Incentive Plan (the "Plan") upon the close of the Offering.
Options for common stock may be incentive stock options or non-statutory stock
options and are granted at the discretion of the Board of Directors. The Plan
permits immediate exercise of options with the unvested portion subject to
repurchase by Lightspan at the original exercise price, in the event of
termination of employment. Non-statutory stock options may be granted to
employees, directors and consultants whereas incentive stock options may be
granted to employees and directors only. The option price for incentive stock
options shall not be less than 100% of the fair value on the date of grant, and
the option price of non-statutory options shall not be less than 85% of the fair
value on the date of grant. The maximum term of options granted under the Plan
is ten years. Incentive stock options granted under the Plan are immediately
exercisable in full and generally vest at the rate of 25% after one year from
the vesting commencement date and 1/36 of the remaining shares every month
thereafter. Non-statutory stock options are immediately exercisable in full and
generally vest at the rate of 50% after one year from the vesting commencement
date and the remaining 50% after two years from such date.
At January 31, 2001, Lightspan was authorized to issue 6,403,941 shares
of common stock to eligible employees, officers, directors and consultants under
the Plan, of which options to purchase 157,504 shares were available for future
grant at January 31, 2001.
A summary of Lightspan's stock option activity and related information is
as follows (in thousands, except per share data):
YEARS ENDED JANUARY 31,
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
---------------------- --------------------- ----------------------
WEIGHTED WEIGHTED WEIGHTED
AVERAGE AVERAGE AVERAGE
EXERCISE EXERCISE EXERCISE
OPTIONS PRICE OPTIONS PRICE OPTIONS PRICE
------- --------- ------- -------- ------- ---------
Outstanding -- beginning of year ............ 3,782 $ 4.16 1,783 $ .78 1,951 $ .60
Granted ................................... 2,494 $ 4.89 2,986 $ 5.48 518 $ 1.36
Exercised ................................. (597) $ 1.94 (653) $ .54 (265) $ .54
Forfeited ................................. (1,259) $ 6.23 (334) $ 2.09 (421) $ .80
------ ------ -----
Outstanding -- end of year .................. 4,420 $ 4.28 3,782 $ 4.16 1,783 $ .78
====== ====== =====
Exercisable at end of year .................. 1,115 896 1,031
====== ====== =====
Weighted average fair value of Options
granted during the year ................... $ 4.84 $ 3.96 $ .30
====== ====== =====
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The following table summarizes information about stock options
outstanding as of January 31, 2001 (in thousands, except per share data):
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
---------------------------------------------------- OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
WEIGHTED ----------------------------
AVERAGE REMAINING WEIGHTED AVERAGE WEIGHTED AVERAGE
RANGE OF EXERCISE PRICE NUMBER CONTRACTUAL LIFE EXERCISE PRICE NUMBER EXERCISE PRICE
----------------------- ------ ----------------- ---------------- ------ ----------------
$0.01 -- $ 2.00 .................... 1,137 4.3 $ 1.28 591 $ 1.12
$2.01 -- $ 4.00 .................... 1,804 6.3 $ 3.15 309 $ 3.73
$4.01 -- $ 6.00 .................... 577 9.4 $ 5.72 2 $ 5.75
$6.01 -- $ 8.00 .................... 38 8.4 $ 7.63 209 $ 9.06
$8.01 -- $10.00 .................... 805 4.3 $ 9.08 3 $11.25
$10.01 -- $12.00 ................... 27 6.6 $11.25 -- --
$14.01 -- $16.00 ................... 5 5.8 $14.25 -- --
27 8.2 $19.00 1 $19.00
----- ------- ------ ----- ------
$18.01 -- $19.00 ................... 4,420 5.9 $ 4.28 1,115 $ 3.39
===== ======= ====== ===== ======
Pro forma information regarding net loss is required by SFAS No. 123,
"Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," and has been determined as if
Lightspan had accounted for its employee stock options under the fair value
method of that statement. The fair value of these options was estimated at the
date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model for options
subsequent to Lightspan's initial public offering and using the minimum value
method for nonpublic entities for options prior to Lightspan's initial public
offering, with the following weighted average assumptions for each of the years
ended January 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively: risk-free interest rates of
6.51%, 5.75% and 5.00%, respectively; dividend yields of 0%; weighted-average
expected life of the options of four to five years; and expected volatility of
144% for the year ended January 31, 2001. The minimum value option pricing model
used for the years ending January 31, 2000 and 1999 excludes the factor of
volatility.
For purposes of pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of the
options is amortized to expense over the vesting period of such options.
Lightspan's pro forma information is as follows (in thousands, except per share
data):
YEARS ENDED JANUARY 31,
-------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
----------- ----------- -----------
Pro forma net loss .................................... $ (52,208) $ (57,236) $ (33,626)
=========== =========== ===========
Pro forma net loss per share, basic and diluted ....... $ (1.19) $ (13.98) $ (9.93)
=========== =========== ===========
2000 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
In October 1999, Lightspan adopted the 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
(the "Purchase Plan") whereby a total of 500,000 shares of common stock was
reserved for issuance under the Purchase Plan. This share reserve shall
automatically increase each year, based upon a formula, by an amount not to
exceed 1% of our total outstanding common stock at the time of the automatic
increases. The Purchase Plan is intended to qualify as an employee stock
purchase plan within the meaning of Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code.
Under the Purchase Plan, the board may authorize participation by eligible
employees, including officers, in periodic offerings following the commencement
of the Purchase Plan. For the years ended January 31, 2001 and 2000, employees
purchased 305,163 and 0 shares, respectively, under the Purchase Plan. As of
January 31, 2001, 194,837 shares remained available for issuance prior to the
automatic increase.
Unless otherwise determined by the board, employees are eligible to
participate in the Purchase Plan only if they are employed by Lightspan for at
least 20 hours per week and are customarily employed by Lightspan for at least 5
months per calendar year. Employees who participate in an offering may have up
to 15% of their earnings withheld pursuant to the Purchase Plan. The amount
withheld is then used to purchase shares of common stock equal to 85% of the
lower of the fair market value of the common stock at the commencement date or
the end of
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each offering period. Employees may end their participation in the offering at
any time during the offering period, and participation ends automatically on
termination of employment.
In the event of a merger, reorganization, consolidation or liquidation,
the board has discretion to provide that each right to purchase common stock
will be assumed or an equivalent right substituted by the successor corporation
or the board may provide for all sums collected by payroll deductions to be
applied to purchase stock immediately prior to such merger or other transaction.
The board has the authority to amend or terminate the Purchase Plan, provided,
however, that no such action may adversely affect any outstanding rights to
purchase common stock.
COMMON SHARES RESERVED FOR FUTURE ISSUANCE
The following table summarizes common shares reserved for future issuance
at January 31, 2001:
Common stock options ....................................... 4,577,686
Employee stock purchase plan ............................... 194,837
---------
Total common shares reserved for issuance ................ 4,772,523
=========
WARRANTS
In connection with debt and equipment lease financing agreements entered
into at various dates, Lightspan issued a total of 749,605 warrants to purchase:
up to 150,000 shares of Series A preferred stock at $1.00 per share, up to
150,000 shares of Series B preferred stock at $3.00 per share, up to 96,625
shares and 57,564 shares of Series C preferred stock at $6.00 per share and
$0.01 per share, respectively, up to 183,105 shares and 127,659 shares of Series
D preferred stock at $3.76 and $4.70 per share, respectively, and up to 42,216
shares of Series E preferred stock at $5.00 per share. The warrants expire on
various dates commencing in 2002 through 2006.
The warrants to purchase Series A through D preferred stock were valued
at an aggregate of $0.2 million and were recorded as debt discounts and accreted
into interest expense over the life of the applicable financing agreements. The
fair value of the warrants were estimated at the dates of grant using the
minimum value method with the following assumptions: risk free interest rate of
6.00%; an expected warrant life of two years; and no annual dividends. There
were no such amounts included in interest expense for the years ended January
31, 2001, 2000 and 1999.
In connection with the acquisition of Academic Systems Corporation
("Academic"), Lightspan converted 50,000 warrants to purchase Academic Series C
preferred stock originally issued in connection with lease financing into 8,000
warrants to purchase Lightspan Series E preferred stock; and 34,216 warrants to
purchase Academic Series F preferred stock originally issued in connection with
debt financing into 34,216 warrants to purchase Lightspan Series E preferred
stock. These warrants were valued at $1.25 per share and $.33 per share,
respectively, in accordance with APB 16, using the minimum value method, and
were accounted for as a part of the purchase price of Academic.
Upon completion of the Offering, and taking into effect the reverse split
in January 2000, all of the above 749,605 warrants to purchase Series A through
E preferred stock were converted, at their respective conversion rates, into
warrants to purchase 403,591 shares of common stock. As of January 31, 2001,
warrants to purchase 225,764 shares of common stock remained outstanding.
AGREEMENT WITH CINAR CORPORATION
In October 1999, Lightspan agreed to pursue several potential strategic
initiatives with CINAR Corporation. As part of the agreement, CINAR purchased
2,500,000 shares of Series E preferred stock at $5.00 per share, which converted
into 1,250,000 shares of common stock upon completion of Lightspan's initial
public offering. CINAR also purchased $10 million of common stock, or 833,333
shares, in a private placement that occurred concurrently with Lightspan's
initial public offering at the initial public offering price of $12 per share.
Lightspan
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also granted CINAR a warrant to purchase 500,000 shares of Series E preferred
stock at an exercise price of $5.00 per share (which became a warrant to
purchase 250,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $10.00 per share
upon completion of our initial public offering) that will vest upon the
achievement of various agreed-to strategic goals.
Lightspan has accounted for the warrants in accordance with EITF 96-18,
Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than Employees for
Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services. Specifically, the
shares that could be issued pursuant to the warrant will be valued the earlier
of a) the date at which a commitment for performance is reached or b) the date
at which CINAR's performance is complete (the "measurement date").
Lightspan believes that it is unlikely that a performance commitment, as
described in EITF 96-18, will be reached until performance is complete.
Therefore, the measurement date will be the date of completion of performance
and accordingly, no expense had been recorded through January 31, 2001.
AGREEMENT WITH COX COMMUNICATIONS HOLDINGS, INC.
In January 2000, Lightspan agreed to pursue strategic initiatives with
Cox Communications Holdings, Inc. Cox Communications is among the nation's
largest broadband communications companies, serving more than 3.8 million
customers in 18 locations. Cox Communications also provides a wide variety of
services to schools in their cable communities through its "Cable in the
Classroom" initiative which provides public schools with free basic cable
service and learning guides. As part of the agreement, Cox Communications
purchased $12.5 million of Lightspan common stock, or 1,041,667 shares, in a
private placement that occurred concurrently with the Offering. Lightspan also
granted Cox Communications a warrant to purchase 750,000 shares of common stock
at an exercise price of $10.00 per share upon the closing of our initial public
offering.
Lightspan has accounted for the warrant in accordance with EITF 96-18.
Specifically, the shares that could be issued pursuant to the warrant were
valued the earlier of a) the date at which a commitment for performance is
reached or b) the earlier of the date at which Cox Communication's performance
is complete or February 15, 2001 (the "measurement date"). On February 15, 2001,
Lightspan measured the value of the warrant in accordance EITF 96-18, and
deferred $0.1 million in stock based compensation expense to be recognized over
the six-month life of the warrant, expiring August 15, 2001.
DEFERRED ADVERTISING EXPENSE
On October 29, 1999, Lightspan issued 160,000 shares of Series E
convertible preferred stock to Liberty Digital Corporation in exchange for $0.4
million in cash and $0.8 million in future Internet advertising credits.
Lightspan determined that the fair value of the shares issued ($5.00 per share)
was more readily determinable than the fair value of the advertising credits.
As a result, Lightspan recorded the 160,000 shares issued at $0.8 million
and recorded deferred advertising expense of $0.4 million. During the year ended
January 31, 2001, Lightspan remeasured the value of the shares in accordance
with EITF 96-18 and expensed $0.3 million, as the advertising credits were
utilized.
DEFERRED COMPENSATION
Lightspan has recorded deferred stock-based compensation of $0.1 million,
$8.7 million and $0.2 million for the years ended January 31, 2001, 2000 and
1999, respectively, in connection with the grants of certain stock options to
employees and consultants with exercise prices per share below the fair values
per share for our common stock on the dates those options were granted.
Lightspan also reduced deferred stock-based compensation by $1.6 million due to
the cancellation of unvested options associated with the termination of
employees during the year ended January 31, 2001. Amortization of deferred stock
compensation was $2.4 million, $3.7 million and $0.02 million during the years
ended January 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
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ACADEMIC SYSTEMS 1992 STOCK OPTION PLAN
Upon the closing of its acquisition of Academic Systems, Lightspan
assumed Academic Systems' 1992 Stock Option Plan. All options outstanding under
the 1992 Stock Option Plan at the date of acquisition were converted into
options to purchase shares of Lightspan common stock, and are included in the
summary below. Lightspan no longer grants options under this plan.
8. INCOME TAXES
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary
differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial
reporting purposes and the amounts used for tax purposes. Significant components
of Lightspan's deferred tax assets are shown below (in thousands):
JANUARY 31,
--------------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards .................... $ 79,148 $ 51,574
Capitalized research expenses ....................... 1,336 2,753
Research and development credits .................... 6,614 4,247
Other ............................................... 2,525 3,979
-------- --------
Total deferred tax assets ............................. 89,623 62,553
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets ......... (80,013) (52,346)
-------- --------
Net deferred tax assets ............................... 9,610 10,207
-------- --------
Deferred tax liabilities:
Acquired intangibles ................................ (9,610) (10,207)
======== ========
Net deferred tax assets ............................... $ -- $ --
======== ========
A valuation allowance has been recognized to offset the deferred tax
assets because management cannot conclude that it is more likely than not that
the deferred tax assets will be realized.
At January 31, 2001, Lightspan had federal and California net operating
loss carryforwards of approximately $215.0 million and $65.4 million
respectively. The difference between the federal and California tax loss
carryforwards is primarily attributable to capitalization of research expenses
and limitations on net operating losses for California tax purposes. The federal
tax loss carryforwards will begin expiring in 2008 unless previously utilized.
Through January 31, 2001, California tax loss carryforwards of $5.6 million have
expired, and additional loss carryforwards will continue to expire in fiscal
2002. Lightspan also has federal and California research and development tax
credit carryforwards of $4.6 million and $2.9 million respectively, which will
begin expiring in fiscal 2008 unless previously utilized.
Pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 382 and 383, the use of
Lightspan's net operating loss and credit carryforwards may be limited as a
result of a cumulative change in ownership of more than 50%.
9. RETIREMENT PLAN
Lightspan has a 401(k) defined contribution savings and retirement plan
(the "Retirement Plan"). The Retirement Plan is for the benefit of all
qualifying employees and permits employees voluntary contributions up to 20% of
base salary limited by the IRS imposed maximum. On January 1, 1999, Lightspan
began matching 10% of employee contributions up to 4% of eligible compensation.
Employer contributions were $0.1 million, $0.04 million and immaterial for the
years ended January 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
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10. REPORTABLE SEGMENTS
DESCRIPTION OF THE TYPES OF PRODUCTS FROM WHICH EACH REPORTABLE SEGMENT DERIVES
ITS REVENUES
Lightspan has two reportable segments: K-12 and Higher Education.
Revenues derived from the K-12 segment include the sale of Lightspan Achieve Now
software licenses, subscription fees for The Lightspan Network and Edutest
products, implementation, training and support services and hardware and related
accessories. Revenues derived from the Higher Education segment, comprised
solely of Academic which was acquired in September 1999, include the sale of
curriculum products licensed to colleges and then sold by the licensing colleges
to students on a student-by-student basis for use with each class.
MEASUREMENT OF SEGMENT PROFIT OR LOSS AND SEGMENT ASSETS
Lightspan evaluates performance and allocates resources based on profit
or loss from operations before income taxes. The accounting policies of the
reportable segments are the same as those described in the summary of
significant accounting policies.
FACTORS MANAGEMENT USED TO IDENTIFY LIGHTSPAN'S REPORTABLE SEGMENTS
Lightspan's reportable segments are business units that offer different
products and services. Prior to the end of fiscal year 2001, and due to the
Company's restructuring in July 2000 and as the Company has focused on selling
its software and fee-based subscription Internet products and services together,
Lightspan re-evaluated its reportable segments and combined the Achieve Now and
K-12 Internet segments, previously reported as separate segments, into the K-12
segment.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR LIGHTSPAN'S SEGMENTS
The Company's Higher Education segment remains solely comprised of
Academic. The following information is for the K-12 and Higher Education
segments (in thousands):
YEAR ENDED JANUARY 31, 2001
---------------------------------------------------
HIGHER
K-12 EDUCATION CONSOLIDATED
--------- --------- ------------
Revenues from external customers ...................... $ 91,052 $ 8,022 $ 99,074
Interest income (expense), net ........................ 6,219 (4) 6,215
Depreciation and amortization ......................... 1,486 335 1,821
Restructuring charge .................................. 1,600 -- 1,600
Loss from operations .................................. (16,944) (21,391) (38,335)
Assets ................................................ 116,362 37,536 153,898
Other significant non cash items:
Deferred stock compensation ......................... (1,437) (62) (1,499)
Amortization of deferred stock compensation ......... 2,344 54 2,398
Amortization of intangible assets ................... 4,314 11,691 16,005
YEAR ENDED JANUARY 31, 2000
---------------------------------------------------
HIGHER
K-12 EDUCATION CONSOLIDATED
--------- --------- ------------
Revenues from external customers ...................... $ 14,706 $ 2,210 $ 16,916
Interest income (expense), net ........................ 493 (14) 479
Depreciation and amortization ......................... 1,093 100 1,193
Loss from operations .................................. (49,115) (7,085) (56,200)
Assets ................................................ 54,534 47,898 102,432
Other significant non cash items:
Deferred stock compensation ......................... 8,499 224 8,723
Amortization of deferred stock compensation ......... 3,649 55 3,704
Amortization of intangible assets ................... 538 4,437 4,975
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YEAR ENDED JANUARY 31, 1999
------------------------------
K-12 CONSOLIDATED
-------- ------------
Revenues from external customers ...................... $ 10,870 $ 10,870
Interest income (expense), net ........................ 417 417
Depreciation and amortization ......................... 1,305 1,305
Loss from operations .................................. (33,984) (33,984)
Assets ................................................ 22,566 22,566
Other significant non cash items:
Deferred stock compensation ......................... 212 212
Amortization of deferred stock compensation ......... 20 20
11. LEGAL MATTERS
In July 1996, a former employee (the "Plaintiff") commenced legal action
against Lightspan, alleging causes of action for fraud, breach of contract,
negligent misrepresentation and conversion. On August 26, 1999, the Plaintiff
and Lightspan entered into a settlement agreement and release, the terms of
which are subject to confidentiality provisions. As of January 31, 2001,
Lightspan had paid approximately $1.6 million in legal and settlement costs
related to this case.
12. UNAUDITED SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA
The following is a summary of the quarterly results of operations for the
years ended January 31, 2001, as restated, and 2000.
QUARTER ENDED
-----------------------------------------------------
2001 APRIL 30 JULY 31 OCTOBER 31 JANUARY 31
- ---- -------- ------- ---------- ----------
Total revenues ................................... $ 56,409 $ 19,124 $ 11,105 $ 12,436
Total cost of revenues ........................... 11,641 5,416 3,518 4,711
Gross margin ..................................... 44,768 13,708 7,587 7,725
Total operating expenses ......................... 28,643 30,652 25,307 27,521
Net income (loss) attributable
to common stockholders ......................... 1,157 (15,198) (16,151) (18,434)
Net income (loss) per share:
Basic and diluted .............................. $ 0.03 $ (0.34) $ (0.35) $ (0.40)
2000
- ----
Total revenues ................................... $ 2,635 $ 4,166 $ 4,481 $ 5,634
Total cost of revenues ........................... 1,574 2,775 2,384 3,001
Gross margin ..................................... 1,061 1,391 2,097 2,633
Total operating expenses ......................... 9,527 12,083 17,938 23,834
Net loss attributable to
common stockholders ............................ (8,462) (10,688) (15,618) (20,953)
Net loss per share:
Basic and diluted .............................. $ (2.32) $ (2.83) $ (3.80) $ (4.46)
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13. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
Included in the Company's cash equivalents for the year ended January 31,
2001 is an investment in short-term commercial paper of Pacific Gas and
Electric, ("PG&E"). This investment has an original maturity of less than ninety
days and is therefore classified in cash and cash equivalents, and the
unrealized loss has been included in other comprehensive loss in the statement
of stockholders equity. In April 2001, PG&E filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. The
Company estimates the reduction to be a temporary decline in fair value as it is
probable that the Company will be able to collect the full amount due according
to the contractual terms of the security that was not impaired at acquisition
and, therefore, has not recorded any realized loss. During April 2001, the
Company's third-party investment manager has committed to repurchase this
security at par value. As a result, the Company expects to reverse the
unrealized loss included in comprehensive loss in April 2001.
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