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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark one)
/X/ Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000
OR
/ / Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934
Commission File Number: 0-31151
RADVIEW SOFTWARE LTD.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Israel Not applicable
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
7 New England Executive Park
Burlington, MA 01803
(Address of principal executive offices)
Telephone Number (781) 238-1111
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Ordinary Shares, NIS 0.01 par value
(Title of Class)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes /X/ No / /
Aggregate market value, based upon the closing sale price of the shares as
reported by the Nasdaq National Market, of voting shares held by non-affiliates
at February 15, 2001: $11,593,801 (excludes shares held by Executive Officers,
Directors, and beneficial owners of more than 10% of the Company's Ordinary
Shares). Exclusion of shares held by any person should not be construed to
indicate that such person possesses the power, direct or indirect, to direct or
cause the direction of management or policies of the registrant, or that such
person is controlled by or under common control with the registrant. As of
February 15, 2001 there were 16,366,572 shares of the Registrants Ordinary
Shares outstanding.
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. / /
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The information required under Part III of this Annual Report, to the
extent not set forth herein, is incorporated by reference from the registrants
definitive proxy statement relating to the annual meeting of shareholders which
definitive proxy statement shall be filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this Annual
Report relates.
PART I
Item 1. BUSINESS
Overview
We provide innovative e-performance software solutions that enable
companies to assure the performance of their business-critical web applications.
Our award-winning software allows Internet-based companies and traditional
enterprises to accelerate the deployment of their web applications and enables
the successful implementation of their e-business strategies.
We incorporated in Israel in 1991 and conducted our operations in Israel
from 1993 until April 2000, when we relocated our corporate offices to the
United States. We continue to maintain the core of our research and development
operations in Israel. In August 2000, we completed our initial public offering
of our ordinary shares, raising approximately $35.3 million after offering
costs.
In 1997, we introduced our first web-testing product, WebLoad, which was
initially focused on assessing the scalability of web applications. Since then,
we have enhanced the functionality of WebLoad to provide an integrated solution
to assess the performance and accelerate the deployment of web applications. In
February 2000, we introduced WebLoad Resource Manager, which is designed to
facilitate the systematic verification of web application quality throughout the
application development lifecycle and to accelerate the deployment of high
performance web applications. Both WebLoad and WebLoad Resource Manager are
based on Internet standards and offer an integrated solution to comprehensively
assess the scalability, efficiency and reliability of web applications. Our
software provides detailed performance analysis and allows companies to verify
the performance of their web applications throughout the development lifecycle.
As a result, companies can better identify and quickly address performance
bottlenecks and other problems, and accelerate the successful deployment of
their web applications. Our products and their key features are:
o WebLoad: efficiently and accurately simulates the large number and many
types of users, extreme fluctuations in traffic and complex usage
patterns associated with the Internet.
o WebLoad Resource Manager: facilitates the systematic verification of
application quality throughout the application development life cycle,
from design to development and deployment.
We have over 1,000 customers worldwide, including Fortune 1000 companies
such as Anheuser-Busch, American Express, Compaq, Dell Computer, EarthLink,
eBay, Fidelity Investments, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Lucent Technologies, NCR,
Reynolds & Reynolds, Sun Microsystems, and Vanguard.
Industry Background
Growth and Evolution of e-Business
The Internet has emerged as a global medium that enables millions of people
worldwide to communicate and obtain information, and is fundamentally changing
the way companies conduct business. Innovative Internet-based companies, whose
success is tied exclusively to their online offerings, are introducing new
business models and challenging established companies in many industries. At the
same time, traditional enterprises have recognized the potential of e-business
and are increasingly moving critical business processes and operations to the
Internet. Companies are using the Internet to sell goods and services, interact
with customers, suppliers and partners and communicate with employees, as well
as to streamline complex business processes and improve productivity.
Importance of Web Application Performance
Due to their increasing use of the Internet, companies have come to rely on
the performance of their web applications. If a company's web applications
perform poorly, or fail entirely, the resulting financial and business costs can
be substantial, including lost revenues, customer defections, business
interruptions and damage to its reputation. For example, if an e-commerce
company's web applications fail to deliver high levels of service to its
customers, the company may lose customers and revenue opportunities. Similarly,
if a manufacturers web applications perform poorly, the manufacturer could
experience bottlenecks in its supply chain and decreased
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production rates. In order to successfully compete in this emerging e-business
environment, companies must rapidly deploy web applications and assure the
performance of these applications.
The performance of web applications includes the following key elements:
o Scalability: must scale to accommodate very large numbers of concurrent
users and complex usage patterns;
o Efficiency: must operate rapidly and efficiently without deteriorating
response time or processing bottlenecks; and
o Reliability: must consistently function as intended when deployed and
integrated into a company's existing and evolving systems.
Characteristics of Web Applications
Web applications have the following characteristics that present
significant challenges to their successful development, deployment and ongoing
operation:
o Complexity. Web applications typically involve the integration of many
hardware and software systems and technologies from multiple vendors
often requiring close collaboration among a wide array of technology,
media and graphic specialists;
o Unpredictable Loads and Stresses. Web applications are available to a
potentially large number of users and can be subject to large traffic
spikes;
o Nonstop Operation. Due to the business-critical nature of e-business
initiatives, web applications must be available to users on a constant
basis with minimal or no downtime for upgrades or modifications;
o Rapidly Evolving Technologies. Web applications are typically developed
using software that is continuously changing as new technologies and
standards emerge;
o Intense Time-to-Market Pressures. Companies are under intense
competitive pressure to rapidly develop and deploy their web
applications; and
o Continuously Modified and Updated. Web applications are typically
modified and updated on a continuous basis as companies add new content
and functionality and incorporate new technologies and standards.
Our Market Opportunity
As companies move their businesses to the web, they are placing greater
reliance on their web applications and are increasingly exposed to the risks
associated with web application failures. The Newport Group estimates that 52.0%
of companies deploying web applications experience performance and scalability
failures.
To date, companies have typically used conventional testing software to
separately and sequentially test the scalability, efficiency and reliability of
web applications. In addition, such software is generally used just prior to
deployment. Application errors identified late in the development cycle are
often difficult to fix and result in extended development cycles, delayed
deployment, higher costs and lost business opportunities.
E-Business deployments dominate the information technology market. We
believe the largest opportunities in the marketplace are with established
corporations that follow formal information technology budgeting and planning
procedures and that these companies will continue to invest in e-business
systems. The majority of the investments will be focused on systems with an
emphasis on return on investment within the following e-business segments:
customer relationship management; business-to-business supply chain systems; and
on-line retailers.
We believe that the continued adoption of e-business and companies
increasing reliance on web applications create a significant market opportunity
for solutions that assure the scalability, efficiency and reliability of web
applications and facilitate their rapid deployment. In our view, this
opportunity is best addressed by solutions that:
o efficiently and accurately simulate Internet operating conditions;
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o offer integrated and comprehensive performance assessment capabilities;
o allow performance assessment early in development process;
o provide detailed performance analyses to assist companies in better
identifying and quickly resolving performance bottlenecks and other
problems; and
o enable collaboration among all parties involved in the development and
deployment of web applications.
Our Solution
We are a leading provider of e-performance software that enables companies
to assure the performance of business-critical web applications. We address the
performance requirements of web applications throughout their lifecycle, from
initial design through development, deployment and ongoing modifications and
upgrades. In meeting these requirements, companies are able to mitigate the
financial and business costs that can result from unsuccessful deployment and
failures of their web applications. By assuring the rapid and successful
deployment of our customers web applications, our software enables our customers
to accelerate their e-business strategies and:
o increase revenues;
o attract and retain customers;
o improve operating efficiencies; and
o enhance their reputations.
Our Strategy
Our objective is to be the leading provider of software solutions that
enable companies to successfully implement their e-business strategies by
assuring the performance of their business-critical web applications. Key
elements of our strategy are:
Extend Product Leadership
We believe that our software provides the most comprehensive verification
of web applications, including scalability, efficiency and reliability, and is
the first solution supporting Document Object Model-based verification, which
enables quicker identification and resolution of application errors. In addition
to the Document Object Model, or DOM, our award-winning software is based on
Internet standards such as JavaScript and Extensible Markup Language, or XML,
and has been recognized as an industry-leading solution that is used for
benchmarking the performance of web applications by testing laboratories, trade
media and independent software vendors. We intend to further extend our product
leadership through focused internal development, strategic partnerships and
potentially the acquisition of complementary technologies or businesses.
Emphasis on Enterprise Customers
We currently sell our products across a broad range of industries and types
of companies from large Fortune 1000 customers to smaller, technology companies.
We believe the market opportunity for our solutions that has the greatest
potential is within the enterprise segment. The role of system integrators and
consultants in reaching these enterprise customers is significant. We intend to
target enterprise customers through our direct sales force, channels and
strategic relationships.
Develop and Expand Strategic Relationships
We believe that strategic relationships with industry leaders enable us to
accelerate our market penetration and visibility, and maintain our technology
leadership. We collaborate with Bluestone, Compaq, Dell Computer, Exodus
Performance Labs, and Sun Microsystems, as well as other Internet software
providers. These relationships help to ensure that our software is optimized for
use with their product offerings and promote market awareness of our products.
We plan to continue to develop strategic technology and marketing relationships
with leading providers of e-business software.
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Capitalize on Outsourcing Trends
Increasingly, many companies are outsourcing the development, testing and
hosting of their web applications to third parties. We believe that web
integration, testing and hosting service providers represent a significant
market opportunity for our software. We have an agreement with Exodus
Performance Labs, a subsidiary of Exodus Communications, a leading Internet
hosting company, for use of our software to test the performance of its
customers hosted web applications. We intend to pursue similar partnerships with
other web integration, testing and hosting service providers.
Target Emerging Market Opportunities, Including Wireless Internet Access
Our software is based on Internet standards and is adaptable to emerging
Internet-based technologies. We plan to continue to rapidly develop and market
new product features that we believe will expand our market opportunities. Our
software supports the Wireless Access Protocol, or WAP, and can verify the
performance of web applications accessed through wireless devices such as
cellular telephones, personal digital assistants and pagers. As web applications
become increasingly accessible by wireless devices, the number of users and the
frequency of use of these applications will substantially increase. We believe
the resulting increase in traffic volume will further drive demand for our
software.
Leverage Our Installed Customer Base
To date, we have licensed our software to over 1,000 companies worldwide,
including Fortune 1000 companies, such as American Express, Dell Computer and
Fidelity Investments, and leading Internet-based companies, such as EarthLink,
eBay and Phone.com. As our customers pursue additional e-business strategies and
increase the capabilities of their web applications to accommodate increasing
numbers of users, we believe there is a significant opportunity to increase the
use of our software within our installed customer base.
Expand Sales Operations
We currently market and distribute our products primarily through a direct
sales force, and to a lesser extent through indirect channels. We intend to
continue to grow our direct sales force and develop additional indirect sales
channels. To date we have primarily sold our software in the U.S. and Europe. We
currently have offices in the U.S., the U.K., Germany and Israel and intend to
open additional channels in Japan. We intend to increase our presence in the Far
East through distribution agreements while increasing our visibility within the
major consulting firms, system integrators, and managed hosted services.
Products
Our current product line consists of:
o WebLoad: software that assures the performance of web applications by
efficiently simulating very large numbers of users, extreme fluctuations
in traffic and the complex user demands placed on web applications
within an e-business operating environment; and
o WebLoad Resource Manager: enterprise software that promotes efficient
use of resources, facilitates collaboration and enables increased
productivity by allowing developers, quality assurance, or QA, and
information technology staff to share the same testing technologies,
methodologies and resources throughout the application development life
cycle. This enables the systematic verification of web application
quality at all stages and facilitates rapid deployment.
Together, WebLoad and WebLoad Resource Manager provide a comprehensive
solution that enables users to verify their applications scalability, efficiency
and reliability at each point in the application development cycle. We believe
WebLoad and WebLoad Resource Manager are the only products that combine all
aspects of the web application performance verification process into a single
solution. Our products are designed specifically for the Internet, and employ
Internet-standard technologies such as JavaScript, Java, ActiveX, Hypertext
Markup Language, or HTML, XML and the DOM. Using a standards-based approach
makes our products easier to use and readily adaptable to new technology
standards.
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Key features of our software include:
Comprehensive e-Performance Software. Our software provides an integrated
solution to simultaneously verify the scalability, efficiency and reliability of
web applications. In addition, our software can assure a web applications
overall performance, the performance of an applications specific components and
determine critical thresholds where performance starts to deteriorate.
Designed for Web Applications. Our software is specifically designed for
the complex Internet computing environment and is based on Internet standards,
such as JavaScript, Java, ActiveX, HTML, XML, and the DOM. This enables
efficient simulation of very large numbers of users, extreme fluctuations in
traffic and complex user demands placed on web applications and allows our
software to be readily adaptable to emerging Internet technologies.
Detailed Performance Analysis. Our software automatically monitors 75
performance criteria and supports an unlimited number of additional user-defined
criteria. Unlike existing solutions, companies using our products have the
ability to verify the performance of web applications for each simulated user or
transaction. By identifying the points in a users interaction where a web
application fails, our comprehensive measurement and reporting mechanisms
expedite the process of problem resolution.
Verification Early in the Development Lifecycle. Our software assists
companies in identifying and resolving issues with their web applications at
every point in the development life cycle. Resolving issues as early as possible
in the development life cycle can lower the cost of developing web applications
and accelerate the deployment of scalable, high performance web applications.
Facilitate Collaboration Throughout the Development Process. Our software
allows designers, developers, quality assurance and information technology
professionals to store and share test scripts, test results and templates,
allowing previously isolated technical teams within a company to work on a
coordinated and collaborative basis.
Ease of Use. All of our performance assessments are generated using
JavaScript, the computer language most commonly used by web application
developers. This avoids the learning curve and costs associated with other
products which utilize proprietary scripting languages.
Efficient Use of Resources. We design our products to make efficient use of
a company's available computer resources, thereby reducing the hardware
requirements and investments needed to simulate heavy user traffic. In addition,
our software allows users to share company resources on an as-needed basis.
WebLoad
Using WebLoad, customers create scripts that simulate users interactions
with web applications. These scripts are built in JavaScript, the web standard
for application scripting. WebLoad includes recorders that enable customers to
rapidly generate scripts by copying interactions between a web browser and a web
application. WebLoad also enables more advanced users to create highly complex
interactions using JavaScript and WebLoads script authoring tools.
WebLoad can run multiple different scripts simultaneously, which reflect
different user interactions with the underlying application. These differences
may be task based (for example, a retail application might mix browsers with
purchasers), or based on other user characteristics, such as their connection
speed, the browser they are using, or their Secure Socket Layer, which is an
encryption configuration.
WebLoad executes scripts for multiple simulated users, or virtual clients,
on load generation machines, such as existing servers, that are centrally
managed by the customer. The customer can schedule these virtual clients
independently to simulate fluctuating user traffic patterns. Alternatively, a
customer can use WebLoads Cruise Control feature, which steadily increases the
number of virtual clients interacting with an application until that application
fails to perform based on one or more customer-defined performance criteria.
Cruise Control allows our customers to readily and rapidly determine the maximum
user load their application can support while maintaining specified performance
criteria.
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WebLoad efficiently generates large numbers of virtual clients requiring
significantly less computer memory than competing products with comparable
functionality. This benefits companies by significantly reducing the cost of
hardware required to simulate large numbers of users.
While a performance session is running, WebLoad generates over 75 different
pre-defined statistical measurements, which are displayed to the user in real
time. Our customers can also add an unlimited number of user-defined
measurements and timers, as well as monitor the performance profile of the
components within a customers Internet architecture. WebLoad reports these data
points on a per client and per transaction level, thus providing detailed
information about the potential causes of any detected application failures
during the simulation and allowing customers to rapidly and effectively address
any performance issues. Customers can analyze this performance data and readily
export it to industry-standard, third party formats, such as Microsoft Excel.
WebLoad has received the following awards:
o 1999 PC Week Analysts Choice Award;
o 1999 Java Developers Journal Award; and
o 2000 and 2001 Crossroads A-List Award.
WebLoad Resource Manager
WebLoad Resource Manager addresses the needs of companies to systematically
verify web application quality and standardize their web application performance
solution across the application design, development, quality assurance and
information technology functions. It allows companies to centrally-manage and
share WebLoad resources, so that a web applications architecture, design,
implementation and hardware environment can all be tested using the same
technology at each step of the development life cycle. Verification performed
earlier in the development process generally results in earlier problem
detection, lower costs and more rapid application development. Companies using
WebLoad Resource Manager can therefore capitalize on WebLoads comprehensive,
integrated, standard-based approach to facilitate the rapid delivery of higher
quality web applications.
Key features and benefits of WebLoad Resource Manager include:
Coordinated Management of Resources. Customers who license WebLoad Resource
Manager receive a fixed number of virtual clients, which may be distributed
throughout the enterprise upon an as-needed basis. For example, a customer with
a license for 10,000 virtual clients could allocate all 10,000 for use in one
performance session, or alternatively, could conduct several concurrent
performance sessions with any number of virtual clients, up to an aggregate of
10,000. WebLoad Resource Manager provides central administrative controls for
managing access to virtual clients and load generating hardware on a per-user,
per-group basis.
Collaborative and Accelerated Development. By enabling the sharing of
resources and verification technologies throughout the application development
lifecycle, WebLoad Resource Manager enables developers, Quality Assurance, or
QA, engineers and Information Technology, or IT, staff to use a common solution
across the entire project. Using the same technology in all phases of
application development and deployment enables easy communication across these
functions. For example, WebLoad Resource Manager permits a QA engineer to save a
test script that identified a problem in the web application, and allows a
developer to share that test script in order to reproduce, diagnose and fix the
problem. Similarly, by using WebLoad Resource Manager early in the development
phase, developers can share their test scripts with QA engineers, increasing the
shared understanding of what verification work has already been performed and
allowing the QA function to scale these tests further.
WebLoad Workstations. The WebLoad Workstation is a full feature version of
WebLoad specifically designed to integrate with WebLoad Resource Manager. The
WebLoad Workstation can be used independently, in order to record, edit and test
user simulations with up to twenty virtual clients. The WebLoad Workstation can
also be connected to WebLoad Resource Manager over a company's network, in order
to perform full-scale testing and to share test scripts.
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Customers
To date, we have licensed our software to over 1,000 customers worldwide.
Our customers include Fortune 1000 companies and Internet-based companies across
a broad range of industries, including financial services, technology, retail,
manufacturing, telecommunication, health care and education.
Sales and Marketing
Sales. We sell our products principally through a direct sales force. Our
direct sales force consists of sales personnel and sales engineers located at
our headquarters in Burlington, Massachusetts, as well as our offices throughout
the United States, Israel, Germany and the United Kingdom. In addition, we have
indirect channel partners, principally consisting of web system integrators and
web hosting companies, and international distributors in Europe, Israel and
Asia. We intend to expand our direct sales force and our pre-sales engineering
personnel in Europe and add personnel to assist us in broadening our indirect
distribution channels worldwide.
Marketing. We engage in a variety of product marketing activities and
provide product information through our website. We offer a free trial of our
WebLoad software that can be downloaded from our website. Our marketing programs
are aimed at informing customers of the benefits of our software, increasing the
market awareness of our products and generating demand across all market
segments. Our marketing strategy includes focused lead generation activities,
participating in trade shows and conferences, web seminars, promoting special
events and cultivating relationships with key technology analysts about the
competencies and benefits of our solution.
Customer Support
We offer a range of support and training services to our customers. We
believe that providing a high level of customer service and technical support is
necessary to achieve rapid product implementation, which in turn, is essential
to customer satisfaction and continued license sales and revenue growth. We
provide telephone and e-mail technical support from our corporate office in
Burlington, Massachusetts and from our development center in Israel. We track
support requests through a series of customer databases, including current
status reports and historical customer interaction logs. We use customer
feedback as a source of ideas for product improvements and enhancements. We also
provide training and consulting to assist our customers in the development and
deployment of e-business applications using our products.
Research and Development
Our research and development efforts are focused on enhancing our core
technology and developing additional functionality and capabilities for our
WebLoad and WebLoad Resource Manager products. We conduct our research and
development principally from our facility in Israel, augmented by our
development group in the U.S. Our software development approach consists of a
methodology that provides guidelines for planning, controlling and implementing
projects. This approach uses a cross-functional, team-based development and
release process. Our development group works closely with our sales and
marketing groups, who provide customer and market requirements, and senior
management that provides strategic input, to assist in defining product
direction and to ensure that the right products are brought to market
successfully. Members of our research and development group have extensive
experience working with web technologies and software testing solutions. We
believe that our future performance will depend in large part on our ability to
enhance our current product line, develop new products and maintain our
leadership role in providing innovative solutions for verifying the performance
and scalability of web applications. As a result, we intend to continue to make
significant investments in our research and development initiatives.
Product Technology and Architecture
Our technologies are built on an open, portable architecture, based on
industry standard technologies. Our products may be deployed on Windows 98,
Windows NT, Windows 2000 or Sun Solaris operating systems and we intend to make
them available on Linux in the near future. Our products incorporate the web
standard scripting language, JavaScript, enabling our customers to easily
develop, deploy and manipulate the scripts required to assess the performance of
their web applications. We have also extended JavaScript to enable integration
of Java,
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ActiveX and XML and work with other standard web technologies, such as SSL
encryption schemes. Integration with these standard technologies helps ensure
our products are available for use regardless of the customers operating
environment.
Use of JavaScript as a core technology enables our products to perform
extensive functional verification capabilities without the need for a browser
graphical user interface, or GUI. JavaScript exposes to users the DOM. Our DOM
extensions readily make XML available to the script developer in a familiar
paradigm making it easier to extend a web application to include XML
interactions. Our efficient browser emulator minimizes the use of computer
memory, thereby enabling companies to simulate a larger number of virtual
clients in order to place considerable load, or stress, on the underlying
application infrastructure.
We have developed an application architecture that scales to any arbitrary
test size, delivering consistent throughput for any arbitrary load size,
independent of the number of machines used to generate the load. We employ a
32-bit, multi-threaded and multi-process implementation, which dynamically
adjusts and allocates new processes as the load requirements are raised. This
ensures that load generators are optimized for the test and the load demanded of
them, as well as readily taking advantage of multi-processor machines to
increase performance.
Competition
The web application performance and testing solutions market is intensely
competitive, subject to rapid change and is significantly affected by new
product introductions and other activities of market participants. Our primary
competitors are companies who mainly offer application-testing software, such as
Mercury Interactive. In addition, we compete against companies that provide a
broader spectrum of development tools that include some verification
functionality, such as Rational Software.
We expect that competition will intensify in the future and that additional
competitors will enter the market with competing products as the size and
visibility of the market opportunity increases. Increased competition is likely
to result in pricing pressures, reduced margins and may result in the failure of
our products to achieve or maintain market acceptance, any of which could have a
material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial
condition. Some of our competitors have longer operating histories, better brand
recognition, a larger installed base of customers and substantially greater
financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do. In addition, we
anticipate that there will be continuing consolidation in the web application
products market and related markets such as computer software, media and
communications. Consequently, our competitors may be acquired by, receive
investments from, or enter into other commercial relationships with, larger,
well-established and well-financed companies. Therefore, they may be able to
respond more quickly to new or changing opportunities, technologies, standards
or customer requirements. Many of these competitors also have broader and more
established distribution channels that may be used to deliver competing products
directly to customers through bundling or other means. If competitors were to
bundle competing products with their products, the demand for our products might
be substantially reduced and our ability to distribute our products successfully
would be substantially diminished.
We believe the principal competitive factors affecting our market include:
o the ability to accurately emulate the Internet, including efficient
simulation of very large numbers of users, extreme fluctuations in
traffic and complex user demands placed on web applications;
o breadth and depth of features for detecting and resolving software
errors early in the development cycle;
o ease of use and interactive user features;
o price and total cost of use, including hardware requirements;
o ability to stay technically current and compatible with rapidly emerging
and changing web technologies and standards; and
o compatibility with the users existing network components and software
systems.
To expand our customer base, we must continue to innovate and improve the
performance of our products. Although we believe that our solution competes
favorably with respect to these factors, our market is relatively new
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and is developing rapidly. We may not be able to maintain our competitive
position against current and potential competitors, especially those with
significantly greater financial, marketing, service, technical and other
resources.
Proprietary Rights
Our success and ability to compete depend upon our proprietary technology.
In addition, we rely on copyright, trade secret and trademark law to protect our
proprietary information. We also typically enter into an agreement with each of
our employees, consultants and customers to control their access to and
distribution of our software, documentation and other proprietary information.
Nevertheless, a third party could copy or otherwise obtain our software or other
proprietary information without our authorization, or could develop software
competitive to ours. Our means of protecting our proprietary rights may not be
adequate and our competitors may independently develop similar technology or
duplicate our products or our other intellectual property. In addition, the laws
of some foreign countries do not protect our proprietary rights to as great an
extent as do the laws of the United States. We expect that it will become more
difficult for us to monitor the use of our products if we increase our
international presence.
There has been substantial litigation in the software and Internet
industries regarding intellectual property rights. It is possible that, in the
future, third parties can claim that we, or our current or potential future
products, infringe on their intellectual property. We expect that software
product developers will increasingly be subject to infringement claims as the
number of products and competitors in our industry segment grows and the
functionality of products in industry segments overlaps. Any claims, with or
without merit, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, cause
product licensing delays or require us to license or pay royalties for certain
products in order to continue to sell our products. Licensing or royalty
agreements, if required, may not be available on terms acceptable to us or at
all. As a result, our business could be harmed.
Employees
As of December 31, 2000 we had 151 employees worldwide, of whom 51 were
employed in research and development, 61 in sales and marketing, 25 in
management and administration and 14 in technical support. Of our employees, 86
are based in the United States, 58 are based in Israel and 7 are based in
Europe. None of our employees is represented by a labor union and we consider
our relations with employees to be good.
Although our Israeli employees are not party to any collective bargaining
agreement, all of our Israeli employees are subject to Israeli labor laws and
certain provisions of collective bargaining agreements among the Government of
Israel, the General Federation of Labor in Israel and Coordinating Bureau of
Economic Organizations. These provisions and laws principally concern the length
of the workday, minimum daily wages for workers, procedures for dismissing
employees, determination of severance pay and other conditions of employment.
Item 2. PROPERTIES
We do not own any real property. We lease an 11,228 square foot facility in
Burlington, Massachusetts for our corporate headquarters under a lease that
expires in 2005. In addition, we lease approximately 10,136 square feet in Tel
Aviv, Israel for our principal research and development and international sales
operations under a lease that expires on December 2001 and is renewable for
another four years. We also lease space for our sales operations in California,
London, and Germany. We believe that suitable additional space will be available
to us, when needed, on commercially reasonable terms.
Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
To our knowledge we are not involved in any legal proceedings that are
material to our business or financial condition.
Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
On November 15, 2000, we held an Extraordinary General Meeting of
Shareholders, pursuant to Chapter 1 of Part 6 of the Israeli Companies Law,
1999, to confirm Robert Steinkrauss and Christopher M. Stone as external
9
directors of the Company under the Israeli Companies Law. In connection with our
initial public offering, the Board of Directors by unanimous vote, appointed
Messrs. Robert Steinkrauss and Christopher M. Stone to serve as directors. Under
the Israeli Companies Law, the shareholders were required to confirm the
appointment of Messrs. Steinkrauss and Stone to serve as external directors.
Shareholders cast 11,035,421 votes at the Extraordinary General Meeting, of
which, 11,022,141 votes were cast to ratify Mr. Stone and 11,030,891 votes were
cast to ratify Mr. Steinkrauss as independent directors pursuant to Israeli law.
There were no abstentions and broker non-votes were not counted in the totals.
PART II
Item 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
Market for Ordinary Shares
We began trading after our initial public offering on August 10, 2000 at a
price of $9.00 per share. Since that date, our Ordinary Shares have traded on
the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol RDVW. The high and low sales prices
for our Ordinary Shares for the quarterly periods from August 10, 2000 through
March 23, 2001 were as follows:
Low High
Fiscal 2000 Sales Price Sales Price
----------- ----------- -----------
Period from August 10, 2000 to September 30, 2000... $ 6.25 $ 9.06
Quarter ended December 31, 2000..................... $ 2.13 $ 7.00
Period from January 1, 2001 to March 23, 2001....... $ 0.72 $ 2.63
Holders of Record
As of February 15, 2001 there were 39 holders of record of our Ordinary
Shares and approximately 1,700 beneficial owners of our Ordinary Shares.
Dividends
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock and
do not intend to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
Sales of Unregistered Securities
None.
Use of Proceeds from Sale of Registered Securities
On August 9, 2000, in connection with our initial public offering, the
Securities and Exchange Commission declared a Registration Statement on Form F-1
(No.333-41526) effective that registered 5,750,000 ordinary shares. The managing
underwriters in the offering were Donaldson Lufkin Jenrette, Wit SoundView,
Piper Jaffrey, and DLJdirect.
On August 15, 2000, we sold 4,000,000 of such ordinary shares at an initial
public offering price of $10.00 per share, generating gross offering proceeds of
$40 million. After deducting $2.8 million in underwriting discounts and
approximately $1.9 million in other related expenses, our net proceeds were
approximately $35.3 million.
We used a portion of the net proceeds to make a payment of $1,359,000
representing principal and accrued interest to the holder of a related party
loan.
We expect to use the remaining net proceeds primarily for working capital
and general corporate purposes, including increased research and development
expenditures, increased sales and marketing expenditures, and capital
expenditures made in the ordinary course of business and the repayment of
outstanding long-term loans. In addition, we may use a portion of the net
proceeds to fund acquisitions or investments in complementary businesses,
technologies or products. Pending such uses, we will invest the net proceeds in
short-term, investment grade, interest bearing securities.
10
Item 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following is our historical selected consolidated financial data and is
qualified by reference to and should be read in conjunction with the
Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included elsewhere herein.
The selected consolidated financial data set forth below as of December 31, 1999
and 2000 and for each of the years ended December 31, 1998, 1999, and 2000 are
derived from our audited financial statements, which are included in Item 8 of
this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The selected consolidated financial data as of
December 31, 1996, 1997, and 1998 and for the years ended December 31, 1996, and
1997 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements, which are
not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The data should be read in
conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto and
with Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Year Ended December 31,
----------------------------------------------------------
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(In thousands)
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
Revenues:
Software licenses........................... $ 54 $ 246 $ 914 $ 4,701 $ 8,994
Services.................................... 8 8 52 409 1,796
-------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total revenues........................... 62 254 966 5,110 10,790
Cost of revenues:
Software licenses........................... 10 17 59 340 572
Services.................................... 1 3 22 67 478
-------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total cost of revenues................... 11 20 81 407 1,050
-------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Gross profit................................... 51 234 885 4,703 9,740
-------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing......................... 386 800 1,425 3,973 11,599
Research and development.................... 1,559 1,481 1,408 1,705 5,223
General and administrative.................. 410 639 483 1,192 3,068
Stock-based compensation.................... -- 191 149 234 1,418
-------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total operating expenses 2,355 3,111 3,465 7,104 21,308
-------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Loss from operations........................... (2,304) (2,877) (2,580) (2,401) (11,568)
-------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Other income (expense):
Interest income (expense), net.............. (188) (319) (202) (305) 565
Other income (expense), net................. (2) 191 67 (35) 18
-------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net loss....................................... (2,494) (3,005) (2,715) (2,741) (10,985)
-------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Dividend to certain preferred shareholders..... -- -- -- -- 2,585
-------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net loss attributable to ordinary
shareholders................................. $ (2,494) $ (3,005) $ (2,715) $ (2,741) $ (13,570)
======== ========= ========= ========= =========
Basic and diluted net loss per share
attributable to ordinary shareholders.......... $ (1.48) $ (1.28) $ (1.04) $ (0.80) $ (1.51)
======== ========= ========= ========= =========
Weighted average number of ordinary
shares used in computing basic and
diluted net loss per share
attributable to ordinary shareholders.......... 1,686 2,356 2,599 3,414 8,968
Pro forma basic and diluted net loss
per share (1).................................. $ (0.35) $ (1.00)
========= =========
Weighted average number of ordinary
shares used in computing pro forma basic
and diluted net loss per share (1)............. 7,784 13,621
========= =========
- ----------
(1) Computed on the basis described in Note 3 to our Consolidated Financial
Statements.
11
As of December 31,
----------------------------------------------------------
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(In thousands)
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term
investments............................... $ 6 $ 49 $ 1,442 $ 8,165 $ 33,469
Working capital (deficit)................... (1,867) (3,787) 484 7,002 26,591
Total assets................................ 488 680 2,384 10,850 39,713
Long-term debt, less current portion........ 34 63 3,198 3,562 --
Related party loan, less current portion.... 1,551 1,532 1,351 1,332 --
Total shareholders equity (deficit)......... (3,152) (5,024) (3,726) 2,851 29,004
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the
Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes thereto included elsewhere
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking
statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ
materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a
result of certain factors, including, but not limited to, those set forth under
"Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. See "Special
Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements."
Overview
RadView Software Ltd. develops, markets and supports software that enables
companies to assure the scalability, efficiency and reliability of web
applications. In 1997, we introduced our first web-testing product, WebLoad,
which was initially focused on assessing the scalability of web applications.
Since then, we have enhanced the functionality of WebLoad to provide an
integrated solution to assess the performance and accelerate the deployment of
web applications. In February 2000, we introduced WebLoad Resource Manager,
which is designed to facilitate the systematic verification of web application
quality throughout the application development lifecycle and to accelerate the
deployment of high performance web applications.
Our revenues were $966,000, $5.1 million and $10.8 million for the years
ended December 31, 1998, 1999 and 2000, respectively. Our revenues are primarily
derived from the license of our WebLoad and WebLoad Resource Manager software
products and, to a lesser extent, from related services including customer
support, maintenance and training.
We recognize software license revenues upon delivery of our software to
customers, provided persuasive evidence of an agreement exists, the fee is fixed
or determinable and collection of the related receivable is probable. We
allocate our software license revenues under arrangements where we sell software
and services together under one contract to each element based on our relative
fair values, with these fair values being determined using the price charged
when that element is sold separately. If fair value for a delivered element does
not exist but the fair value does exist for all undelivered elements, we defer
the fair value of the undelivered elements and recognize the remaining value for
the delivered elements.
We generally recognize software license revenues from resellers or
distributors at time of shipment, provided that all other revenue recognition
criteria set forth in governing statements of position on software revenue
recognition have been met. We recognize services revenues from software
maintenance agreements ratably over the term of the maintenance period,
typically one year. We recognize services revenues from training as the services
are performed. Amounts collected or billed prior to satisfying the above revenue
recognition criteria are reflected as deferred revenue. Deferred revenue
primarily represents deferred maintenance revenue.
We license our software primarily through a direct sales force and, to a
lesser extent, through indirect channels. To date, we have licensed our software
to customers in North America, Europe, and the Middle East. Revenues derived
from North America accounted for 94.2%, 86.8% and 82.7% of total revenues for
the years ended December 31, 1998, 1999 and 2000, respectively. While we expect
to continue to derive the majority of our revenues from North America, we intend
to derive an increasing percentage of our revenues from Europe and the Pacific
Rim. Substantially all of our sales are denominated in U.S. dollars.
12
Our net loss was $2.7 million, $2.7 million and $11.0 million for the years
ended December 31, 1998, 1999 and 2000, respectively. These net losses resulted
primarily from the significant costs incurred in the development of our software
and in the expansion of our operations. We expect to continue our investment in
operating expenses as we grow, resulting in additional net losses for the
foreseeable future.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth, as a percentage of total revenues,
consolidated statement of operations data for the periods indicated:
For the Year Ended December 31,
----------------------------------
1998 1999 2000
---------- ---------- ----------
Revenues:
Software licenses.......................... 94.6% 92.0% 83.4%
Services................................... 5.4% 8.0% 16.6%
------- ------- -------
Total revenues.......................... 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Cost of Revenues:
Software licenses.......................... 6.1% 6.7% 5.3%
Services................................... 2.3% 1.3% 4.4%
------- ------- -------
Total cost of revenues.................. 8.4% 8.0% 9.7%
------- ------- -------
Gross profit............................ 91.6% 92.0% 90.3%
------- ------- -------
Operating Expenses:
Sales and marketing........................ 147.5% 77.7% 107.5%
Research and development................... 145.8% 33.4% 48.4%
General and administrative................. 50.0% 23.3% 28.4%
Stock-based compensation................... 15.4% 4.6% 13.2%
------- ------- -------
Total operating expenses................ 358.7% 139.0% 197.5%
------- ------- -------
Operating loss.......................... (267.1%) (47.0%) (107.2%)
------- ------- -------
Interest income (expense), net............. (20.9%) (6.0%) 5.2%
Other income (expense)..................... 6.9% (0.7%) 0.2%
------- ------- -------
Net loss................................. (281.1%) (53.7%) (101.8%)
======= ======= =======
Years Ended December 31, 1999 and 2000
Revenues
Total Revenues. Total revenues increased 111.8%, from $5.1 million in 1999
to $ 10.8 million in 2000.
Software Licenses. Software license revenues increased 91.3%, from $4.7
million in 1999 to $9.0 million in 2000. The increase was due to the expansion
of our sales force in 2000, the increased market acceptance of WebLoad, and the
introduction of our WebLoad Resource Manager product in February 2000, which
represented 34.3% of total software license revenues in 2000.
Services. Services revenues increased from $409,000 in 1999 to $1.8 million
in 2000. The increase was due to higher maintenance and training revenues
resulting from an increase in our customer base.
Cost of Revenues
Software Licenses. Cost of software licenses consists principally of direct
product costs, such as product media and packaging, as well as royalties due to
third parties. Cost of software licenses increased from $340,000 or 7.2% of
software license revenue, in 1999 to $572,000 or 6.4% of software license
revenue, in 2000. The dollar increase
13
was primarily due to an increase in product-related costs associated with
licensing of our software. The percentage decrease was due to economies of scale
associated with our larger customer base.
Services. Cost of services consists principally of personnel-related costs
associated with customer support and training. Cost of services increased from
$67,000 or 16.4% of service revenue, in 1999 to $478,000 or 26.6% of service
revenue, in 2000. The increase was due to increased personnel costs to provide
support and maintenance services.
Operating Expenses
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist principally of
salaries and commissions earned by sales personnel, recruiting costs, trade show
costs, travel and other marketing communication costs such as advertising and
product promotion. Sales and marketing expenses increased from $4.0 million, or
77.7% of total revenues, in 1999 to $11.6 million, or 107.5% of total revenues,
in 2000. The increase was due to the expansion of our sales force, higher
commission expenses associated with higher sales, additional hiring of marketing
personnel, increased advertising spending, and higher occupancy and travel
costs.
Research and Development. Research and development expenses consist
principally of salaries and related expenses required to develop and enhance our
products. Research and development expenses increased from $1.7 million, or
33.4% of total revenues, in 1999 to $5.2 million, or 48.4% of total revenues, in
2000. The increase was due to an increase in the number of software engineering
personnel and related spending associated with the establishment of a software
development organization at our headquarters in Massachusetts during late 1999
and early 2000.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist
principally of finance, executive and administrative salaries and related
expenses and costs. General and administrative expenses increased from $1.2
million or 23.3% or total revenues, in 1999 to $3.1 million, or 28.4% of total
revenues, in 2000. The increase was due to increases in the number of finance
and administrative personnel to accommodate our growing U.S. operations.
Stock-based Compensation. Stock-based compensation expenses increased from
$234,000 or 4.6% of total revenues, in 1999 to $1.4 million or 13.2% of total
revenues, in 2000. For grants to employees, these non-cash expenses represent
the difference between the exercise price and the estimated fair value of the
ordinary shares on the date that related options are granted. For grants to
non-employees, these non-cash expenses represent the value of a particular grant
as determined by the Black-Scholes valuation model. Deferred compensation on the
unvested options is included as a component of shareholders equity and amortized
to stock-based compensation expense over the vesting period of the underlying
options. Deferred stock-based compensation totaled $5.7 million at December 31,
2000, and will result in additional charges to operations through May 2004.
Interest Income (Expense), Net. Interest income (expense), net consists
principally of interest expense incurred in connection with long-term debt,
offset by interest earned on cash investments. Interest income (expense), net
changed from ($305,000) in 1999 to $565,000 in 2000. Interest income increased
due to higher interest earnings resulting from the investment of proceeds from
the Series B preferred share financing in December 1999 and the initial public
offering completed in August 2000. Interest expense decreased due to the payment
of related party loans in September 2000.
Other Income (Expense), Net. Other income (expense), net consists
principally of currency translation gains and losses. Other income (expense),
net decreased from ($35,000) in 1999 to $18,000 in 2000. The changes were due to
exchange rate fluctuations.
Income Taxes. We have estimated net operating loss carry forwards for
Israel tax purposes totaling approximately $9.0 million at December 31, 2000 to
reduce future Israeli income taxes, if any. These net-operating losses may be
carried forward indefinitely and offset against future taxable income. We expect
that during the period in which these tax losses are utilized our income would
be substantially tax-exempt. Therefore, our income tax rate during the
tax-exempt period will be zero and there will be no tax benefit available from
these losses and no deferred income taxes have been included in our financial
statements.
14
Our U.S. subsidiary's tax losses through December 31, 2000 amounted to
approximately $7.9 million. These losses are available to offset any future U.S.
taxable income of the U.S. subsidiary and will expire between 2012 and 2020. We
have recorded a full valuation allowance against our deferred tax asset due to
the uncertainty surrounding the ability and the timing of the realization of
these tax benefits.
Years Ended December 31, 1998 and 1999
Revenues
Total Revenues. Total revenues increased 428.0%, from $966,000 in 1998 to
$5.1 million in 1999.
Software Licenses. Software license revenues increased 414.2%, from
$914,000 in 1998 to $4.7 million in 1999. The increase was due to increased
market acceptance of WebLoad.
Services. Services revenues increased 686.5% from $52,000 in 1998 to
$409,000 in 1999. The increase was due to higher maintenance and training
revenues resulting from an increase in our customer base.
Cost of Revenues
Software Licenses. Cost of software licenses increased from $59,000, or
6.5% of software license revenue, in 1998 to $340,000 or 7.2% of software
license revenue, in 1999. The increase was due to product-related costs
associated with increased licensing of our software.
Services. Cost of services increased from $22,000 or 42.3% of service
revenue, in 1998 to $67,000 or 16.4% of service revenue, in 1999. The dollar
increase was primarily due to an increase in professional service and support
personnel needed to meet the requirements of a growing customer base. The
percentage decrease was due to economies of scale associated with our larger
customer base.
Operating Expenses
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased from $1.4
million, or 147.5% of total revenues, in 1998 to $4.0 million, or 77.7% of total
revenues, in 1999. The increase was due to the expansion of our sales force,
higher commission expenses associated with higher sales, additional hiring of
marketing personnel, and higher occupancy and travel costs.
Research and Development. Research and development expenses increased from
$1.4 million, or 145.8% of total revenues, in 1998 to $1.7 million, or 33.4% of
total revenues, in 1999. The increase was due to an increase in the number of
software engineering personnel.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses increased
from $483,000 or 50% or total revenues, in 1998 to $1.2 million, or 23.3% of
total revenues, in 1999. The increase was due to increases in the number of
finance and administrative personnel to accommodate our growing U.S. operations.
Stock-based Compensation. Stock-based compensation expenses increased from
$149,000 or 15.4% of total revenues, in 1998 to $234,000 or 4.6% of total
revenues, in 1999.
Interest Income (Expense), Net. Interest income (expense), net consists
principally of interest expense incurred in connection with long-term debt,
offset by interest earned on cash investments. Interest income (expense), net
increased from ($202,000) in 1998 to ($305,000) in 1999. Interest expense
increased due to higher outstanding borrowings of long-term debt.
Other Income (Expense), Net. Other income (expense), net consists
principally of currency translation gains and losses. Other income (expense),
net decreased from $67,000 in 1998 to ($35,000) in 1999. The change was due to
exchange rate fluctuations.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since inception, we have financed our operations primarily through the sale
of equity securities, demand and term debt borrowings and the sale of our
products and services. As of December 31, 2000, we have raised
15
approximately $52.0 million, net of offering costs, from the issuance of
ordinary and preferred shares, including the net proceeds from the initial
public offering.
On August 14, 2000, we completed our initial public offering of 4,000,000
ordinary shares at $10.00 per share, we received $35.3 million from this
offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions and offering costs.
As of December 31, 2000, cash and cash equivalents totaled $33.5 million.
We have term loans with Bank Hapoalim B.M., an Israeli bank, with an
aggregate principal balance of $3.8 million as of December 31, 2000, of which
$600,000 of principal matures in March 2001 and $3.1 million matures in June
2001. These loans bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.5%. We expect to repay these
loans in the first quarter of 2001.
We also had a loan totaling $1.3 million from Rad Data Communications Ltd.,
a related party. In September 2000, we repaid this loan plus accrued interest
using proceeds from the initial public offering, as required under the loan
agreement.
Cash used in operating activities was $2.4 million, $1.5 million and $6.3
million in 1998, 1999 and 2000, respectively. Cash used in 1998 was due to a net
loss of $2.7 million and a $150,000 increase in accounts receivable and a
$20,000 decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, offset in part by
$150,000 of depreciation, $149,000 of amortization of deferred compensation, and
a $75,000 increase in deferred revenue. Cash used in 1999 was due to a net loss
of $2.7 million and a $1.1 million increase in accounts receivable, offset in
part by depreciation, other non-cash charges, a $1.2 million increase in
accounts payable and accrued liabilities and a $401,000 increase in deferred
revenue. Cash used in 2000 was due to a net loss of $11.0 million and a $1.2
million increase in accounts receivable, offset in part by $668,000 of
depreciation, $1.4 million of amortization of deferred compensation, a $2.7
million increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and a $1.0 million
increase in deferred revenue.
Cash used in investing activities was $446,000, $884,000, and $2.1 million
in 1998, 1999 and 2000, respectively. Cash used in investing activities in 1998
was primarily for purchases of $316,000 in short-term investments and $130,000
in property and equipment. Cash used in investing activities in 1999 was
primarily for purchases of $197,000 in short-term investments, $587,000 in
property and equipment and a $100,000 increase in other assets. Cash used in
investing activities in 2000 was primarily for purchases of $2.4 million in
property and equipment and a $241,000 increase in other assets, offset by
$513,000 in proceeds from the sale of short-term investments.
Cash provided by financing activities was $4.0 million, $8.9 million and
$34.2 million in 1998, 1999 and 2000, respectively. Cash provided by financing
activities in 1998 consisted principally of $3.8 million in net proceeds from
the issuance of preferred shares. Cash provided by financing activities in 1999
consisted principally of $8.9 million in net proceeds from the issuance of
preferred stock. Cash provided by financing activities in 2000 consisted
principally of $35.3 million in net proceeds from the initial public offering,
$406,000 from the issuance of ordinary and preferred shares prior to the
completion of the initial public offering, offset by $1.4 million for the
repayment of principal on the related party loans.
We expect our operating expenses to continue to increase, particularly
sales and marketing and research and development expenses, for the foreseeable
future as we execute our business plan. As a result, these operating expenses,
as well as planned capital expenditures and repayment of existing term debt, are
expected to constitute a material use of our cash resources. In addition, we may
utilize our cash resources to fund acquisitions or investments in complementary
businesses, technologies or product lines.
We believe that our existing cash and short-term investments will be
sufficient to meet our anticipated needs for working capital, term debt
retirement and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months. We may find
it necessary to obtain additional equity or debt financing if we were to acquire
new technology or businesses. In the event additional financing is required, we
may not be able to complete financing on acceptable terms or at all.
Impact of Inflation and Currency Fluctuations
We receive a large portion of our revenues and incur a large portion of our
expenses in U.S. dollars. In 2000, approximately 82.7% and 69.0% of our revenues
and expenses, respectively, were denominated in U.S. dollars. A
16
portion of our expenses, mainly salary and personnel costs related to our
employees in Israel, is incurred in New Israeli Shekels (NIS). The salaries of
our Israel-based employees are partially linked to inflation in Israel. As a
result, the U.S. dollar cost of our Israeli operations is influenced by
inflation in Israel, but may be offset by a devaluation of the NIS in relation
to the U.S. dollar. Any increase in the rate of inflation in Israel may have a
negative effect on our operating results, unless such inflation is offset by a
devaluation of the NIS in relation to the U.S. dollar. In addition to our
operations in Israel, we intend to expand our operations internationally.
Accordingly, we expect to incur additional expenses in non-U.S. dollar
currencies. Amounts denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar or NIS
were not material.
Exchange rates between the NIS and the dollar fluctuate continuously, and
therefore exchange rate fluctuations and especially larger periodic devaluations
will have an impact on our operating results and period-to-period comparisons of
its results. The effects of foreign currency translations are reported in our
financial statements in current operating results.
We believe that neither inflation in Israel, nor exchange rate fluctuations
between the NIS and the U.S. dollar, historically has had a material effect on
our operations.
Government Grants
The Government of Israel, through the Office of the Chief Scientist,
encourages research and development projects that result in products for export.
We received grants of approximately $605,000 from the Office of the Chief
Scientist through December 31, 1996, which were used to fund a predecessor
product. Since December 31, 1996, we have neither applied for nor received any
additional grants from the Office of the Chief Scientist. Pursuant to the terms
of these grants, we our obligated to pay royalties of 3.0% to 5.0% of revenues
derived from sales of products funded with these grants, up to 100.0% to 150.0%
of certain grant amounts received. The terms of the grant also require that the
know-how from the research and development that is used to produce the product
may not be transferred to third parties without the approval of the research
committee. As of December 31, 2000 our maximum potential royalty obligation to
the Office of the Chief Scientist in respect of grants received is approximately
$670,000, of which $614,000 has been accrued and $56,000 has been paid.
Effective Corporate Tax Rate
Israeli companies are generally subject to tax at the rate of 36.0% of
taxable income. However, we have derived, and expect to continue to derive, a
substantial portion of our income under our Approved Enterprise capital
investment program. Subject to compliance with applicable requirements, this
income will be tax exempt for a period of two years and will be subject to a
reduced corporate tax rate of 25.0% in the following five years. If we do not
comply with the applicable requirements, the tax benefits may be canceled. We
believe that we comply with these conditions. If we operate under more than one
approval, or if our capital investments are only partially approved, our
effective tax rate will be a weighted combination of the various applicable tax
rates. We may not be able to obtain approval for additional Approved Enterprise
programs. Since we have incurred tax losses through December 31, 2000, we have
not yet used the tax benefits for which we our eligible.
Market Risk
We currently do not invest in, or hold for trading or other purposes, any
financial instruments subject to market risk. We currently pay interest on our
loan facilities based on the London interbank offered rate and the Israeli
Consumer Price Index, or the Israeli CPI. As a result, changes in the general
level of interest rates or the Israeli CPI directly affect the amount of money
payable by us under these facilities. However, we do not expect our exposure to
market risk from changes in interest rates or the Israeli CPI to be material
because: (i) our outstanding debt under these facilities has never exceeded $5.5
million, (ii) the debt matures within 12 months, and (iii) the rate of exchange
between the U.S. dollar and the New Israeli Shekel has remained relatively
stable.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statements of
Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 133, Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities, which establishes accounting and reporting
standards for derivative instruments and hedging activities. It requires that an
entity recognize all
17
derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial
position and measure those instruments at fair value. To date, we have not
engaged in derivative and hedging activities, and accordingly we do not believe
that the adoption of the SFAS No. 133 will have a material impact on our
financial reporting and related disclosures. We will adopt SFAS No. 133 as
required by SFAS No. 137, Deferral of the Effective Date of FASB Statement No.
133, in fiscal year 2001.
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the
meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act
that involve risks and uncertainties. Discussions containing forward-looking
statements may be found in the material set forth under Managements Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations as well as in this
report generally. We generally use words such as "believe," "may," "could,"
"will," "intend," "estimate," "expect," "anticipate," "plan," and similar
expressions to identify forward-looking statements. You should not place undue
reliance on these forward-looking statements. Our actual results could differ
materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements for many
reasons, including the risks described in this report. Although we believe the
expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, they
relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made, and we
cannot assure you that our future results, levels of activity, performance or
achievements will meet these expectation. We do not intend to update any of the
forward-looking statements after the date of this report to conform these
statements to actual results or to changes in its expectations, except as
required by law.
RISK FACTORS
A number of uncertainties exist that could affect our operating results,
including, without limitation, the following:
Risks Related to Our Operations
Our limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our business
prospects.
We are still in the early stages of our development. Therefore, evaluating
our business operations and our prospects is difficult. We incorporated in
Israel in 1991, commenced operations in 1993 and released our first product in
1994. In 1997, we introduced WebLoad, which was initially focused on assessing
the scalability of web applications. We began generating revenues from licensing
our WebLoad product in 1997. Since our inception, we have devoted our efforts
primarily to the development of technology, recruiting management and technical
staff, acquiring operating assets and raising capital. We have marketed our
products for a relatively short time and the revenue and income potential of our
business and markets are unproven. As a result, you may find it difficult to
assess our prospects for future success.
We have had operating losses since our inception and expect to incur losses for
the foreseeable future.
We incurred net losses of approximately $2.7 million in 1998, $2.7 million
in 1999 and $11.0 million in 2000. As of December 31, 2000, we had an
accumulated deficit of approximately $24.0 million. Moreover, we expect to
continue to incur significant sales and marketing, research and development and
general and administrative expenses. We expect to incur losses for the
foreseeable future and cannot be certain if or when we will achieve
profitability. Even if we do achieve profitability, we may not be able to
sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis in the future.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate, and if we fail to meet the
expectations of securities analysts or our investors, our share price may
decrease significantly and you could lose part or all of your investment.
Our quarterly revenues and operating results have varied significantly in
the past and are likely to continue to vary significantly in the future. Our
future quarterly operating results may fluctuate significantly and may not meet
the expectations of securities analysts or investors. The factors that may cause
fluctuations of our operating results include the following:
o the size, timing and terms of sales of our products and services;
18
o unexpected delays we may encounter in introducing new versions of
WebLoad and WebLoad Resource Manager and new products and services;
o our ability to successfully retain and expand our direct sales force and
international sales organization;
o our ability to establish and maintain relationships with our partners;
and
o the fixed nature of expenses such as base compensation and rent.
Due to these and other factors, we believe that period-to-period
comparisons of our results of operations may not be meaningful and should not be
relied upon as indicators of our future performance. It is possible that in
future periods our results of operations may be below the expectations of public
market analysts and investors. Furthermore, our quarterly revenues could be
significantly affected by any future amendment or interpretation of applicable
accounting standards. If this occurs, the price of our ordinary shares may
decline.
We anticipate increased operating expenses and if we do not correspondingly
increase revenues, our operating results will be harmed.
We expect that our operating expenses will increase significantly in the
future as we take the following steps:
o expand our sales and marketing operations;
o broaden our customer support capabilities;
o develop new distribution channels and strategic alliances;
o fund increased levels of research and development; and
o build our operational infrastructure and information systems.
Our revenues may not grow at the same pace or even continue at their
current level. If our revenues do not increase as anticipated, or if expenses
increase at a greater pace than our revenues, our results of operations will be
harmed. If we do not increase revenues correspondingly with our expenses, our
operating results will be harmed.
We expect to depend on sales of our WebLoad and WebLoad Resource Manager
products for substantially all of our revenues for the foreseeable future.
Our WebLoad product accounted for all of our revenues prior to February
2000. We anticipate that revenues from our WebLoad and WebLoad Resource Manager
products will constitute substantially all of our revenues for the foreseeable
future. Consequently, any decline in the demand for our WebLoad and WebLoad
Resource Manager products or their failure to achieve broad market acceptance,
would seriously harm our business.
If we fail to develop new products and enhance our existing products to respond
to emerging technologies and industry trends, we may lose market share to our
competitors and revenues may decline.
The target market for our products is characterized by rapid technological
change, frequent new product introductions, changes in customer requirements,
evolving industry standards and significant competition. We expect to introduce
new products and develop enhancements to our existing products. Our future
financial performance depends upon our ability to timely identify new market
trends and Internet technology and to develop and commercialize software that is
compatible with these emerging trends and technologies. We may not accurately
identify trends and technologies or we may experience difficulties that delay or
prevent the successful development, introduction or marketing of new or enhanced
software products in the future. In addition, our products may not meet the
requirements of the marketplace or achieve market acceptance. If we fail to
successfully and timely develop and deploy new products or product enhancements,
we may lose market share to our competitors and our revenues may decline.
In addition, our existing software products could become obsolete and
unmarketable with the introduction of products, web applications or computer
systems employing new technologies or industry standards. If our current
software products become obsolete and we fail to introduce new products, our
business will not be viable. Further, if our competitors introduce products
earlier or that are more responsive than our products to emerging technologies
and market trends, we will lose market share to our competitors and our revenues
may decline.
19
Our WebLoad and WebLoad Resource Manager Products are new and it is unclear if
they will achieve market acceptance.
We do not know if our WebLoad and WebLoad Resource Manager products will be
successful. The market for software that enables companies to assure the
performance of web applications is in its infancy, and we are not certain that
our target customers will use performance software or our products. In addition,
in February 2000, we introduced WebLoad Resource Manager, which we anticipate
will be a critical element in our future commercial success. Even if our
products provide effective solutions, our target customers may not choose them
for technical, cost, support or other reasons. If our products do not achieve
market acceptance, our business will be harmed.
We face significant competition from other technology companies and we may not
be able to compete effectively.
The web application performance and testing solutions market is intensely
competitive, subject to rapid change and significantly affected by new product
introductions and other activities of market participants. Our primary
competitors include companies who mainly offer application-testing software,
such as Mercury Interactive. In addition, we compete against companies that
provide a broader spectrum of development tools that include some verification
functionality, such as Rational Software.
We expect that competition will intensify in the future and that additional
competitors will enter the market with competing products as the size and
visibility of the market opportunity increases. Increased competition is likely
to result in pricing pressures, reduced margins and may result in the failure of
our products to achieve or maintain market acceptance, any of which could have a
material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial
condition. Some of our competitors have longer operating histories, better brand
recognition, a larger installed base of customers and substantially greater
financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do. In addition, we
anticipate that there will be continuing consolidation in our market.
Consequently, our competitors may be acquired by, receive investments from, or
enter into other commercial relationships with, larger, well-established and
well-financed companies. Therefore, they may be able to respond more quickly to
new or changing opportunities, technologies, standards or customer requirements.
Many of these competitors also have broader and more established distribution
channels that may be used to deliver competing products directly to customers
through bundling or other means. If competitors were to bundle competing
products with their products, the demand for our products might be substantially
reduced and our ability to distribute our products successfully would be
substantially diminished. The entry of new competitors into our market could
reduce our sales, require us to lower our prices, or both. Many of the factors
that affect competition are outside our control, and there can be no assurance
that we can maintain or enhance our competitive position against current and
future competitors.
Our sales cycle depends partly on factors outside our control and may cause our
revenues to vary significantly.
Our customers often view the purchase of our products as an important
decision, particularly with respect to WebLoad Resource Manager, which we
introduced in February 2000. As a result, our customers may take a long time to
evaluate our products before making their purchase decisions and this could
result in a long, and often unpredictable, sales and implementation cycle for
our products. This may cause our revenues and results of operations to vary
significantly from period to period. With respect to WebLoad Resource Manager,
we spend time educating and providing information to our prospective customers
regarding its use and benefits. In addition, we may expend significant sales and
marketing expenses during the evaluation period before the customer places an
order with us. Our customers often begin by purchasing our products on a pilot
basis before they decide whether or not to purchase additional licenses for
broader use within their organizations.
We also have a limited order backlog, which makes revenues in any quarter
substantially dependent upon orders we receive and deliver in that quarter.
Because of these factors, our revenues and results of operations in any quarter
may not meet market expectations or be indicative of future performance and it
may be difficult for you to evaluate our prospects.
20
Defects in our products may increase our costs and diminish the demand for our
products.
Our products are complex and they have occasionally contained, and may in
the future contain, undetected errors when first introduced or when new versions
are released. If our products do not perform as intended in specific company
environments, we may incur warranty and repair costs, be subject to liability
and experience delays. Regardless of the source of the errors, we must divert
the attention of our engineering personnel from our research and development
efforts to address the errors. We cannot assure you that we will not incur
warranty or repair costs, be subject to liability claims for damages related to
product errors or experience delays as a result of these errors in the future.
Any insurance policies that we may have may not provide sufficient protection
should a claim be asserted. Moreover, the occurrence of errors, whether caused
by our products or the products of another vendor, may result in significant
customer relation problems and injury to our reputation and may impair the
market acceptance of our products and technology.
Failure to expand our sales and marketing organizations in the U.S. and abroad
could limit our growth.
We believe that expansion of our U.S. and international direct and indirect
sales and marketing organization is necessary for our future success. Although
we have recently expanded our direct sales force in North America and Europe,
further expansion may be more difficult or take longer than we anticipate and we
may not be able to successfully market, sell, deliver and support our products
in the U.S. and abroad. We might not be able to hire or retain the kind and
number of sales and marketing personnel we are targeting because competition for
qualified sales and marketing personnel in our market is intense. Failure to
expand our sales and marketing organizations in the U.S. and abroad could limit
our growth.
Failure to develop strategic relationships could limit our growth.
We believe that our success in penetrating our target markets depends in
part on our ability to develop and maintain strategic relationships with
resellers, systems integrators and distribution partners. If we are unable to
maintain our existing marketing and distribution relationships, or fail to enter
into additional relationships, we will have to devote substantially more
resources to direct sales and marketing of our products. In addition, licenses
of our products through indirect channels have been limited to date. Our
existing relationships do not, and any future relationships may not, afford us
exclusive marketing or distribution rights. Therefore, our partners could reduce
their commitment to us at any time in the future. In addition, many of these
companies have multiple relationships and they may not regard us as significant
for their business. In addition, these companies may terminate their
relationships with us, pursue other relationships with our competitors or
develop or acquire products that compete with our products. Even if we succeed
in entering into these relationships, they may not result in additional
customers or revenues.
We may experience difficulties managing our continued growth in the U.S. and
abroad that could harm our business.
Our recent growth and expansion have placed significant strain on our
management and information systems and our administrative, operational and
financial resources. We intend to continue to increase the scope of our
operations in the U.S. and internationally. We expect that we will need to
continue to expand our financial, managerial and reporting systems, and
increase, train and manage our work force worldwide. Our anticipated future
operations will continue to place a significant strain on our management systems
and resources. If we are unable to manage our growth and expansion, our business
may be harmed.
Future acquisitions may be difficult to integrate, disrupt our business, dilute
shareholder value or divert management attention.
As part of our business strategy, we may seek to acquire or invest in
businesses, products or technologies that we believe would complement or expand
our business, augment our market coverage, enhance our technical capabilities or
otherwise offer growth opportunities. Acquisitions could create risks for us,
including:
o difficulties in assimilation of acquired personnel, operations,
technologies or products;
o unanticipated costs associated with acquisitions;
21
o diversion of management's attention from other business concerns;
o adverse effects on our existing business relationships with suppliers
and customers; and
o use of substantial portions of our available cash, including the
proceeds of this offering, to consummate the acquisitions.
In addition, if we consummate acquisitions through an exchange of our
securities, you could suffer significant dilution. Any future acquisitions, even
if successfully completed, may not generate any additional revenue or provide
any benefit to our business.
If we fail to manage our geographically dispersed organization, we may fail to
implement our business plan and our revenues may decline.
We have our principal executive offices in the U.S. and conduct our
research and development primarily in Israel. In addition, we have sales offices
in the U.S., Israel, Germany and the United Kingdom. Our directors, executive
officers and other key employees are similarly dispersed throughout the world.
Our management must devote resources to manage geographically diverse
operations. In addition, conducting international operations subjects us to
risks we do not face in the United States. These include:
o currency exchange rate fluctuations;
o seasonal fluctuations in purchasing patterns;
o unexpected changes in regulatory requirements;
o longer accounts receivable payment cycles and difficulties in collecting
accounts receivable;
o difficulties in managing and staffing international operations;
o potentially adverse tax consequences, including restrictions on the
repatriation of earnings;
o the burdens of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws; and
o reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries.
In addition, the expansion of our existing international operations and
entry into additional international markets will require significant management
attention and financial resources. Failure to manage our geographically
dispersed organization could harm our business.
The success of our business depends on our senior management, including Ilan
Kinreich, our Chief Executive Officer and President, whose knowledge of our
business and expertise would be difficult to replace.
Our success depends largely on the continued contributions of our senior
management. In particular, we depend on the services of Ilan Kinreich, our Chief
Executive Officer and President. We do not have agreements covering required
terms of employment in place with our senior management team and other key
personnel, including Mr. Kinreich, nor do we carry life insurance on our senior
management or other key personnel. If one or more members of our senior
management were to terminate their employment, we could experience delays in
product development, loss of sales and diversion of management resources.
We may not be able to recruit or retain additional qualified personnel that
could negatively impact development, sales and support of our products.
Our success depends on our ability to attract and retain qualified,
experienced employees. We will need to hire a significant number of additional
sales, support, marketing, and research and development personnel in the future
to increase our revenues. If we fail to attract qualified personnel or retain
current employees, our revenues may not increase and could decline. Competition
for qualified personnel is intense, and we may not be able to attract,
assimilate or retain additional highly qualified personnel. Our future success
also depends upon the continued service of our key sales, marketing and support
personnel. In addition, our products and technologies are complex and we are
substantially dependent upon the continued service of our existing engineering
personnel. None of our
22
key employees are bound by an employment agreement covering a required term of
employment. If we are not able to recruit or retain qualified personnel, we
could have difficulty developing, selling or supporting our products.
We may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights and we may lose a
valuable asset or incur costly and time-consuming litigation attempting to
protect our rights.
Our success depends upon the protection of our technology, trade secrets
and trademarks. To protect our rights to our intellectual property, we rely on a
combination of trade secret protection, trademark law, confidentiality
agreements and other contractual arrangements. The protective steps we have
taken may be inadequate to deter infringement or misappropriation. We may be
unable to detect the unauthorized use of our intellectual property or take
appropriate steps to enforce our intellectual property rights. Policing
unauthorized use of our products and technology is difficult. In addition, the
laws of some foreign countries in which we currently or may in the future sell
our products do not protect our proprietary rights to as great an extent as do
the laws of the United States. Failure to adequately protect against or to
promptly detect unauthorized use of our intellectual property could devalue our
proprietary content and impair our ability to compete effectively. Further,
defending our intellectual property rights could result in the expenditure of
significant financial and managerial resources, whether or not the defense is
successful. Our means of protecting our proprietary rights may not be adequate
and our competitors may independently develop similar technology, or duplicate
our products or our other intellectual property. We may have to resort to
litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade
secrets or know-how or to determine the scope, validity or enforceability of our
intellectual property rights. Our protective measures may prove inadequate to
protect our proprietary rights, and any failure to enforce or protect our rights
could cause us to lose a valuable asset.
We may be subject to intellectual property infringement claims that, with or
without merit, could be costly to defend or settle.
Substantial litigation regarding intellectual property rights exists in the
software industry. We expect that software products may be increasingly subject
to third-party infringement claims as the number of competitors in our industry
segments grows and the functionality of products in different industry segments
overlaps. Third parties may make a claim of infringement against us with respect
to our products and technology or claims that our intellectual property rights
are invalid. Any claims, with or without merit, could:
o be time-consuming to defend;
o result in costly litigation;
o divert management's attention and resources; or
o delay product delivery.
In addition, if our products were found to infringe a third party's
proprietary rights, we could be required to enter into royalty or licensing
agreements in order to continue to be able to sell our products. Royalty or
licensing agreements, if required, may not be available on terms acceptable to
us or at all. A successful claim of product infringement against us and our
failure or inability to license the infringed or similar technology could harm
our business.
We do not have sufficient insurance to cover all of our potential product
liability and warranty claims.
Companies use our products to assure the performance of their web
applications. In many cases, web applications serve critical business functions.
The sale and support of our products may entail the risk of product liability or
warranty claims based on our products not detecting critical errors or problems
with web applications that fail in a live environment and cause companies
financial loss. In addition, the failure of our products to perform to customer
expectations could give rise to warranty claims. Although we seek to limit our
exposure to claims under our license terms and we carry general liability
insurance, it is unlikely that our insurance would cover potential claims of
this type and our insurance may not be adequate to protect us from all liability
that may be imposed. If we are subject to any claims, our results of operations
may be harmed.
23
Risks Relating to Our Industry and the Internet
Our future revenues and profits, if any, depend upon the widespread acceptance
and use of the Internet as an effective medium of business and communication.
Rapid growth in the use of and interest in the Internet as a medium for
communication and conducting business has occurred only recently. As a result,
acceptance and use may not continue to develop at historical rates, and a
sufficiently broad base of consumers may not adopt, and continue to use, the
Internet, corporate intranets and other online services as a medium of commerce
and communication. Our success will depend, in large part, on the acceptance of
the Internet to conduct business and on the ability of third parties to provide
a reliable Internet infrastructure network with the speed, data capacity and
security necessary for reliable Internet access and services. To the extent that
the Internet continues to experience increased numbers of users, increased
frequency of use or increased bandwidth requirements of users, the Internet
infrastructure may not be able to support the demands placed on it and the
performance or reliability of the Internet could suffer, resulting in decreased
users and resulting harm to our business.
Capacity constraints may restrict the use of the Internet, resulting in
decreased demand for our products.
The Internet infrastructure may not be able to support the demands placed
on it by increased usage or the limited capacity of networks to transmit large
amounts of data. Other risks associated with commercial use of the Internet
could slow its growth, including:
o outages and other delays resulting from the inadequate reliability of
the network infrastructure;
o slow development of enabling technologies and complementary products;
and
o limited availability of cost-effective, high-speed access.
Delays in the development or adoption of new equipment standards or
protocols required to handle increased levels of Internet activity could cause
the Internet to lose its viability as a means of conducting business, resulting
in decreased use of web applications and decreased demand for our products.
If regulation of the Internet increases, it could limit the market for our
products that could reduce our revenues.
As Internet commerce continues to evolve, we expect that federal, state and
foreign governments will adopt laws and regulations covering issues such as user
privacy, taxation of goods and services provided over the Internet and pricing,
content and quality of products and services. It is possible that legislation
could expose companies involved in e-business to liability, taxation or other
increased costs, any of which could limit the growth and use of web applications
generally. Legislation could dampen the growth in Internet usage and decrease
its acceptance as a communications and commercial medium. Because our business
depends on the continued growth of web applications and the Internet generally,
these laws and regulations, if enacted or promulgated, could limit the market
for our products and may reduce our revenues.
Our Performance Depends on the Continued Growth in Demand for High Technology
Products and Services
Our future success depends heavily on the continued growth in demand for
products and services related to the high technology sector of the economy. In
recent months, this sector has not performed as well as it has over the past few
years. If demand for high technology products and services does not grow or even
experiences negative growth, demand for our products and services will be
reduced and our revenues will be negatively impacted. Even if there is
significant market acceptance of products and services for the high technology
sector of the economy, we may incur substantial expenses adapting our solutions
to changing or emerging technologies.
24
Risks Relating to Our Location in Israel
Conditions in Israel affect our operations and may limit our ability to produce
and sell our products, which could decrease our revenues.
We incorporated under Israeli law and our primary research and development
facilities are located in Israel. Political, economic and military conditions in
Israel directly affect our operations. Since the establishment of the State of
Israel in 1948, a state of hostility, varying in degree and intensity, has led
to security and economic problems for Israel. In recent months there has been a
marked increase in civil unrest and hostility between the State of Israel and
the Palestinian authority. Any major hostilities involving Israel could
adversely affect our results of operations, particularly if they lead to an
interruption or curtailment of trade between Israel and its trading partners, a
significant increase in inflation, or a significant downturn in the economic or
financial condition of Israel. Despite the progress towards peace between Israel
and its Arab neighbors, the future of these peace efforts is uncertain. Several
Arab countries still restrict business with Israeli companies. We could be
adversely affected by these restrictive laws or policies.
If our key personnel are required to perform military service, we could
experience disruptions in our business.
A number of our key personnel in Israel have standing obligations to
perform annual reserve duty in the Israel Defense Forces and are subject to be
called for active military duty at any time. If our key personnel are absent
from our business for a significant period of time, we may experience
disruptions in our business that could affect the development, sales or
technical support of our products. As a result, we might not be able to compete
in the market and our results of operations could be harmed.
Because substantially all of our revenues are generated in U.S. dollars, while a
portion of our expenses is incurred in New Israeli Shekels, or NIS, inflation in
Israel could harm our results of operations.
Substantially all of our revenues are generated in U.S. dollars, while a
portion of our expenses, primarily salaries and personnel expenses related to
our Israeli facility, is in NIS. Our Israeli-based employees salaries are
influenced by inflation in Israel. As a result, any increase in the rate of
inflation in Israel may have a negative impact on our operating results unless
the inflation in Israel is offset by a devaluation of the NIS in relation to the
U.S. dollar. In 1997 and 1998, the rate of devaluation of the NIS against the
dollar exceeded the rate of inflation, a reversal from prior years. However, in
1999, while the rate of inflation was 1.3%, there was an appreciation of 0.1% of
the NIS against the dollar. In 2000, there was no inflation and there was an
appreciation of 2.8% of the NIS against the U.S. dollar. We cannot predict any
future trends in the rate of inflation in Israel or trends in the rate of
exchange between the NIS and the dollar. If the dollar cost of our operations in
Israel increases, our dollar- measured results of operations will be adversely
affected.
Israeli regulations may impact our ability to engage in research and development
and export of our products in accordance with our current practices.
Israeli law requires us to obtain a government license to engage in
research and development of, and export of, the encryption technology
incorporated in our products. Our current government licenses to engage in
production of our encryption technology pertain to our products in their 40- and
128-bit versions and expire, respectively, May 30, 2002 and October 31, 2002.
Our research and development activities in Israel would need to be modified to
transfer this activity to our U.S. development organization, and our current
practice of exporting our products from Israel to the U.S., with embedded
encryption technology, would need to be changed if:
o the Israeli government revokes our current licenses;
o our current licenses are not renewed;
o our licenses fail to cover the scope of the technology in our products;
or
o Israeli laws regarding research and development, export or use in
general of encryption technologies was to change.
25
We currently benefit from government programs and tax benefits that may be
discounted or reduced.
We received grants and currently receive tax benefits under Government of
Israel programs. In order to maintain our eligibility for these programs and
benefits, we must continue to meet specified conditions, including making
specified investments in fixed assets and paying royalties with respect to
grants received. We cannot assure you that we will continue to meet all such
conditions. In addition, some of these programs restrict our ability to
manufacture particular products or transfer particular technology outside of
Israel. If we fail to comply with these conditions in the future, the benefits
received could be canceled and we could be required to refund any payments
previously received under these programs or to retroactively pay tax on our
income at a higher tax rate than that applying under these benefits. The
government of Israel has reduced the benefits available under these programs in
recent years and we cannot guarantee that these programs and tax benefits will
continue in the future at their current levels or at all. If the government of
Israel reduces or ends these tax benefits, our business, financial condition and
results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
It may be difficult to enforce a U.S. judgment against us or our officers and
directors, or to assert U.S. securities laws claims in Israel or serve process
on our officers and directors.
We are incorporated in Israel. Our Chief Executive Officer and President
resides in the United States under an L-1 visa, some of our executive officers
and directors are nonresidents of the United States and a portion of our assets
and the assets of these persons are located outside the United States.
Therefore, it may be difficult for an investor to enforce a judgment obtained in
the United States against us or any of those persons or to effect service of
process upon these persons in the United States. It may also be difficult to
enforce civil liabilities under U.S. federal securities laws in original actions
instituted in Israel.
The new Israeli Companies Law may cause uncertainties regarding corporate
governance; Israeli tax law may inhibit an acquisition of us.
The new Israeli Companies Law, 1999, which became effective on February 1,
2000, has brought about significant changes to Israeli corporate law. This law
provides for new arrangements in various corporate areas, including shareholder
voting rights, fiduciary obligations of shareholders and directors, mergers,
tender offers, transactions involving related parties or significant
shareholders, and anti-takeover provisions. Until a body of law develops with
respect to this new law, uncertainties will exist regarding its interpretation.
These uncertainties could have the effect of inhibiting third party attempts to
acquire us, and other transactions and decisions by or involving us.
Israeli tax law treats some acquisitions, such as stock-for-stock exchanges
between an Israeli company and a foreign company, less favorably than United
States tax law. For example, Israeli tax law may subject a shareholder who
exchanges our ordinary shares for shares in another corporation to immediate
taxation.
ITEM 7A. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investing portfolio.
We place our investments in instruments that meet high credit quality standards
such as money market funds, government securities, and commercial paper. We
limit the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. We do not expect any
material loss with respect to our investment portfolio.
We conduct business in various foreign currencies, primarily in Europe and
the Middle East. As a result, we are exposed to the effect of foreign currency
exchange rate fluctuations on the U.S. dollar value of foreign
currency-denominated revenues and expenses. We do not use foreign exchange
forward contracts to hedge its foreign currency denominated receivables. Looking
forward, there can be no assurance that changes in foreign currency rates,
relative to the U.S. dollar, will not materially adversely affect our
consolidated results.
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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
RADVIEW SOFTWARE, LTD.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page
----
Report of Independent Public Accountants................................ 29
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1999 and 2000............ 30
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended
December 31, 1998, 1999 and 2000................................... 31
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity (Deficit)
for the Years Ended December 31, 1998, 1999 and 2000............... 32
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended
December 31, 1998, 1999 and 2000................................... 33
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.............................. 34
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
To the Shareholders of
RadView Software Ltd.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of RadView
Software Ltd. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1999 and 2000 and the related
consolidated statements of operations, shareholders' equity (deficit) and cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2000. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform
the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements
are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An
audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of RadView
Software Ltd. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1999 and 2000 and the results
of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 2000 in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States.
Luboshitz Kasierer
Member Firm of Arthur Andersen
Tel-Aviv, Israel
January 29, 2001
29
RADVIEW SOFTWARE LTD.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)
December 31,
--------------------------------
1999 2000
--------------- ---------------
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents.................. $ 7,652 $ 33,469
Short-term investments..................... 513 --
Accounts receivable, net of reserves of
$150 and $345 at December 31, 1999
and 2000, respectively.................. 1,281 2,473
Prepaid expenses........................... 322 728
----------- -----------
Total current assets.................... 9,768 36,670
----------- -----------
Property and Equipment, net................... 783 2,503
Deposits and Other Assets..................... 299 540
----------- -----------
Total assets............................ $ 10,850 $ 39,713
=========== ===========
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Current maturities of long-term loans...... $ 17 $ 3,814
Related party loan......................... 115 --
Accounts payable........................... 560 2,004
Accrued expenses........................... 1,598 2,802
Deferred revenue........................... 476 1,459
----------- -----------
Total current liabilities 2,766 10,079
----------- -----------
Long-term Liabilities:
Long-term loans............................ 3,562 --
Related party loan......................... 1,332 --
Accrued severance pay...................... 339 630
----------- -----------
Total long-term liabilities............. 5,233 630
----------- -----------
Total liabilities....................... 7,999 10,709
----------- -----------
Commitments (Note 9)
Shareholders' Equity:
Preferred shares, NIS 0.01 par value -- Authorized -- 8,500,000 shares;
Issued and outstanding -- 5,241,765 and 0 shares at December 31, 1999 and
2000,
respectively............................ 13 --
Ordinary shares, NIS 0.01 par value --
Authorized -- 25,000,000 shares;
Issued and outstanding -- 4,194,000
and 16,366,572 shares at December
31, 1999 and 2000, respectively......... 12 42
Additional paid-in capital................. 16,269 58,688
Deferred compensation...................... (425) (5,723)
Accumulated deficit........................ (13,018) (24,003)
----------- -----------
Total shareholders' equity............... 2,851 29,004
----------- -----------
Total liabilities and shareholders'
equity.................................. $ 10,850 $ 39,713
=========== ==========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these
consolidated financial statements.
30
RADVIEW SOFTWARE LTD.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share data)
For the Years Ended December 31,
--------------------------------------------
1998 1999 2000
------------ ----------- -----------
Revenues:
Software licenses............................................ $ 914 $ 4,701 $ 8,994
Service...................................................... 52 409 1,796
----------- ----------- -----------
Total revenues.......................................... 966 5,110 10,790
----------- ----------- -----------
Cost of Revenues:
Software licenses............................................ 59 340 572
Service...................................................... 22 67 478
----------- ----------- -----------
Total cost of revenues.................................... 81 407 1,050
----------- ----------- -----------
Gross profit.............................................. 885 4,703 9,740
----------- ----------- -----------
Operating Expenses:
Sales and marketing (1)...................................... 1,425 3,973 11,599
Research and development (1)................................. 1,408 1,705 5,223
General and administrative (1)............................... 483 1,192 3,068
Stock-based compensation (1) ................................ 149 234 1,418
----------- ----------- -----------
Total operating expenses................................ 3,465 7,104 21,308
----------- ----------- -----------
Operating loss.......................................... (2,580) (2,401) (11,568)
Interest income.............................................. -- 89 1,058
Interest expense............................................. (202) (394) (493)
Other income (expense)....................................... 67 (35) 18
----------- ----------- -----------
Net loss................................................ (2,715) (2,741) (10,985)
Noncash stock dividend distributed
to preferred shareholders.................................. -- -- 2,585
----------- ----------- -----------
Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders.......... $ (2,715) $ (2,741) $ (13,570)
=========== =========== ===========
Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Ordinary Shareholders
(Note 3(a)):
Basic and diluted net loss per share......................... $ (1.04) $ (0.80) $ (1.51)
=========== =========== ===========
Weighted average shares outstanding basic and diluted........ 2,599 3,414 8,968
=========== =========== ===========
Pro Forma Net Loss Per Share Attributable
to Ordinary Shareholders (Note 3(b)):
Basic and diluted net loss per share...................... $ (0.35) $ (1.00)
=========== ===========
Weighted average shares outstanding
basic and diluted.......................................... 7,784 13,621
=========== ===========
- ----------
(1) The following summarizes the departmental allocation
of the stock-based compensation charge:
Sales and marketing..................................... $ 4 $ 71 $ 846
Research and development................................ 120 86 293
General and administrative.............................. 25 77 279
----------- ----------- -----------
Total stock-based compensation....................... $ 149 $ 234 $ 1,418
=========== =========== ===========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these
consolidated financial statements.
31
RADVIEW SOFTWARE LTD.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(In thousands, except per share data)
Preferred Shares Ordinary Shares Total
-------------------------- -------------------- Additional Shareholders'
Number of Series Series Number of NIS 0.01 Paid-in Deferred Accumulated Equity
Shares A B Shares Par Value Capital Compensation Deficit (Deficit)
--------- ------ ------ --------- --------- ---------- ------------ ----------- ------------
Balance, December 31, 1997.... -- $ -- $ -- 2,598,600 $ 8 $ 2,796 $ (267) $(7,562) $(5,025)
Issuance of Series A
preferred shares, net
of issuance costs $83..... 1,314,200 4 -- -- -- 3,819 -- -- 3,823
Imputed interest on
related party loan........ -- -- -- -- -- 42 -- -- 42
Amortization of
deferred compensation..... -- -- -- -- -- (34) 183 -- 149
Net loss.................... -- -- -- -- -- -- (2,715) (2,715)
--------- ----- ----- --------- --- ------- -------- -------- --------
Balance, December 31, 1998.... 1,314,200 4 -- 2,598,600 8 6,623 (84) (10,277) (3,726)
Ordinary shares issued...... -- -- -- 1,595,400 4 -- -- -- 4
Issuance of Series A
preferred shares, net of
issuance costs $30........ 1,022,800 2 -- -- -- 3,007 -- -- 3,009
Issuance of Series B
preferred shares, net of
issuance costs $209....... 2,904,765 -- 7 -- -- 5,884 -- -- 5,891
Warrants issued to a bank... -- -- 137 -- 137
Imputed interest on
related party loan........ -- -- -- -- -- 43 -- -- 43
Deferred compensation....... -- -- -- -- -- 582 (582) -- --
Amortization of deferred
compensation.............. -- -- -- -- -- (7) 241 -- 234
Net loss.................... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- (2,741) (2,741)
--------- ----- ----- --------- --- ------- -------- -------- --------
Balance, December 31, 1999.... 5,241,765 6 7 4,194,000 12 16,269 (425) (13,018) 2,851
Issuance of Series B
preferred shares, net of
issuance costs of $5...... 23,810 -- -- -- -- 45 -- -- 45
Exercise of options and
warrants.................. -- -- -- 2,648,497 7 355 -- -- 362
Conversion of preferred
shares into ordinary
shares.................... (5,265,575) (6) (7) 5,265,575 13 -- -- -- --
Stock dividend to preferred
shareholders.............. -- -- -- 258,500 -- -- -- -- --
Ordinary shares issued
in initial public
offering, net of offering
costs of $4,714........... -- -- -- 4,000,000 10 35,276 -- -- 35,286
Imputed interest on
related party loan........ -- -- -- -- -- 27 -- -- 27
Deferred compensation....... -- -- -- -- -- 6,815 (6,815)
Amortization of deferred
compensation.............. -- -- -- -- -- (99) 1,517 -- 1,418
Net loss.................... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- (10,985) (10,985)
--------- ----- ----- ---------- --- ------- -------- -------- --------
Balance, December 31, 2000.... -- $ -- $ -- 16,366,572 $42 $58,688 $ (5,723) $(24,003) $ 29,004
========= ===== ===== ========== === ======= ======== ======== ========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these
consolidated financial statements.
32
RADVIEW SOFTWARE, LTD.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
----------------------------------
1998 1999 2000
-------- -------- -------
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net loss....................................................... $(2,715) $(2,741) $(10,985)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used
in operating activities --
Depreciation and amortization.............................. 150 251 668
Amortization of deferred compensation...................... 149 234 1,418
Interest accrued on long-term loans........................ 91 385 184
Accrued severance pay...................................... - 32 291
Changes in operating assets and liabilities--
Accounts receivable...................................... (150) (1,052) (1,192)
Prepaid expenses......................................... (15) (222) (406)
Accounts payable......................................... (50) 440 1,444
Accrued expenses......................................... 30 794 1,283
Deferred revenue......................................... 75 401 983
-------- -------- ---------
Net cash used in operating activities................. (2,435) (1,478) (6,312)
-------- -------- ---------
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Sales of short-term investments................................ (316) (197) 513
Purchases of property and equipment............................ (130) (587) (2,388)
Increase in other assets....................................... - (100) (241)
-------- -------- ---------
Net cash used in investing activities................. (446) (884) (2,116)
-------- -------- ---------
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Decrease in short-term bank loans.............................. (2,827) (585) -
Long-term loans received....................................... 3,000 600 -
Repayment of long-term loans................................... (37) (31) (1,447)
Net proceeds from issuance of ordinary and preferred shares.... 3,822 8,904 406
Net proceeds from initial public offering of ordinary shares... - - 35,286
-------- -------- --------
Net cash provided by financing activities............. 3,958 8,888 34,245
-------- -------- --------
Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents.............................. 1,077 6,526 25,817
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Year....................... 49 1,126 7,652
-------- -------- ---------
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Year............................. $1,126 $7,652 $ 33,469
======== ======== =========
Cash Paid During the Year for Interest............................. $ 197 $ 21 $ 476
======== ======== =========
Supplemental disclosure of noncash financing and investing activities:
Conversion of preferred shares to ordinary shares.............. $ - $ - $ 13
======== ======== =========
Noncash dividend distributed to shareholders................... $ - $ - $ 2,585
======== ======== =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these
consolidated financial statements
33
RADVIEW SOFTWARE LTD.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Operations
RadView Software Ltd. (the Company) is an Israeli corporation. The Company
develops, markets and supports software that enables organizations to verify the
scalability, efficiency and reliability of Web applications, and facilitates
their rapid development.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
The Company's consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The
significant policies followed in the preparation of the consolidated financial
statements, applied on a consistent basis, are as follows:
(a) Financial Statements in U.S. Dollars
The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in
U.S. dollars because the currency of the primary economic environment in which
the operations of the Company are conducted is the U.S. dollar. Substantially
all of the Company's sales are in U.S. dollars. Most purchases of materials and
components and most marketing costs are denominated in U.S. dollars. Therefore,
the functional currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar.
Transactions and balances denominated in dollars are presented at their
original amounts. Transactions and balances in other currencies are remeasured
into U.S. dollars in accordance with the principles set forth in Financial
Accounting Standards Board of the United States (FASB) Statement of Accounting
Standards (SFAS) No. 52, Foreign Currency Translation. Accordingly, items have
been remeasured as follows:
o Monetary Items-At the exchange rate in effect on the balance sheet date.
o Nonmonetary Items-At historical exchange rates.
o Revenue and Expense Items-At the exchange rates in effect as of the date
of recognition of those items (excluding depreciation and other items
deriving from nonmonetary items).
All exchange gains and losses from the above-mentioned remeasurement (which
were immaterial for all periods presented) are reflected in the statements of
operations. The representative rate of exchange as of December 31, 1998, 1999
and 2000 was U.S.$1.00 to 4.160, 4.153 and 4.041 New Israeli Shekel (NIS),
respectively.
(b) Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company
and its wholly owned subsidiaries in the U.S., the U.K. and Germany. All
material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in
consolidation.
(c) Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments
Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments with original maturities of
less than 90 days. The Company accounts for investments under SFAS No. 115,
Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. Under SFAS No.
115, investments for which the Company has the positive intent and ability to
hold to maturity, consisting of cash equivalents and short-term investments, are
reported at amortized cost, which approximates fair market value. At December
31, 1999, short-term investments consisted of bank deposits in U.S. dollars,
bearing an annual interest rate of 6.0%.
(d) Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization
are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of
the assets. In accordance with SFAS No. 121, Accounting for Impairment
34
of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of, the Company
reviews its long-lived assets, which consist of property and equipment, for
impairment as events and circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset
may not be recoverable. Management believes that, as of each of the balance
sheet dates presented, none of the Company's long-lived assets were impaired.
(e) Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Statement of Position
(SOP) 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition and SOP 98-9, Modification of SOP 97-2,
Software Revenue Recognition, With Respect to Certain Transactions. SOP 98-9
requires use of the residual method for recognition of revenues when
vendor-specific objective evidence exists for undelivered elements but does not
exist for delivered elements of a software arrangement. If fair value for a
delivered element does not exist but the fair value does exist for all
undelivered elements, the Company defers the fair value of the undelivered
elements and recognizes the remaining value for the delivered elements.
Revenues from software product licenses are recognized upon delivery of the
software provided there is persuasive evidence of an agreement, the fee is fixed
or determinable and collection of the related receivable is probable. Revenues
under multiple element arrangements, which may include software, software
maintenance and training, are allocated to each element based on their
respective fair values, based on vendor-specific objective evidence. This
objective evidence represents the price of products and services when sold
separately. Revenue is recognized for software licenses sold to resellers or
distributors at the time of shipment, provided that all revenue recognition
criteria set forth in SOP 97-2 are fulfilled.
Revenues from software maintenance agreements are recognized ratably over
the term of the maintenance period, which is typically one year. Revenues from
training arrangements are recognized as the services are performed.
Amounts collected or billed prior to satisfying the above revenue
recognition criteria are reflected as deferred revenue. Deferred revenue
primarily represents deferred maintenance revenue.
(f) Cost of Revenues
Cost of software license revenues consists of costs to distribute the
product, including the cost of the media on which it is delivered and royalty
payments to third-party vendors. Cost of software license revenues also includes
the amounts related to the royalties due to the Office of the Chief Scientist of
the Ministry of Industry and Trade ("OCS") (See Note 9(a)). Cost of service
revenues consists primarily of training and customer support personnel salaries
and related costs.
(g) Research and Development Costs
The Company has evaluated the establishment of technological feasibility of
its products in accordance with SFAS No. 86, Accounting for the Costs of
Computer Software to Be Sold, Leased or Otherwise Marketed. The Company sells
products in a market that is subject to rapid technological change, new product
development and changing customer needs. Accordingly, the Company has concluded
that technological feasibility is not established until the development stage of
the product is nearly complete. The Company defines technological feasibility as
the completion of a working model. The time period during which costs could be
capitalized from the point of reaching technological feasibility until the time
of general product release is very short. Consequently, the amounts that could
be capitalized are not material to the Company's financial position or results
of operations. Therefore, the Company has charged all such costs to research and
development expense in the period incurred.
(h) Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under the liability method of
accounting. Under the liability method, deferred taxes are determined based on
the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and
liabilities at enacted tax rates in effect in the year in which the differences
are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary,
to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts expected to be realized.
35
(i) Employee Stock Options
SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, requires the
measurement of the fair value of employee and director stock options or warrants
to be included in the statement of operations or disclosed in the notes to
financial statements. The Company has determined that it will account for
stock-based compensation for employees under the Accounting Principles Board
Opinion (APB) No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and elect the
disclosure-only alternative under SFAS No. 123 (see Note 10(f)).
(j) Comprehensive Income (Loss)
SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, requires disclosure of all
components of comprehensive income (loss) on an annual and interim basis.
Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity of a business
enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances
from nonowner sources. The Company's comprehensive loss is equal to net loss for
all periods presented.
(k) Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Financial instruments consist mainly of cash and cash equivalents,
short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and long-term
loans. The carrying amounts of these instruments approximate their fair value.
(l) Concentrations of Credit Risk
SFAS No. 105, Disclosure of Information about Financial Instruments with
Off-Balance-Sheet Risk and Financial Instruments with Concentrations of Credit
Risk, requires disclosure of any significant off-balance-sheet and credit risk
concentrations. The Company has no significant off-balance-sheet concentrations
such as foreign exchange contracts, option contracts or other foreign hedging
arrangements. The Company's accounts receivable credit risk is concentrated in
the United States.
For the years ended December 31, 1998, 1999 and 2000, no customer
individually comprised greater than 10% of total revenue. At December 31, 1999
and 2000, no customer represented greater than 10% of total accounts receivable.
(m) Recent Accounting Standards
In June 1998, the FASB released SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities. SFAS No. 133 establishes the accounting and
reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative
instruments embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities. It requires
that an entity recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the
statement of financial position and measure those instruments at fair value.
SFAS No. 133, as amended by SFAS No. 137, is effective for fiscal quarters of
fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2000. The Company believes that the
adoption of SFAS No. 133 will not have a material impact on the Company's
consolidated financial statements.
(n) Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses
during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
3. Earnings Per Share
(a) Net Loss Per Share
Basic and diluted net loss per share is presented in conformity with SFAS
No. 128, Earnings Per Share, for all periods presented. Basic and diluted net
loss per ordinary share was determined by dividing net loss attributable to
ordinary shareholders by the weighted average ordinary shares outstanding during
the period. Diluted net loss per
36
ordinary share is the same as basic net loss per ordinary share for all periods
presented, as the effects of the Company's potential additional ordinary shares
were antidilutive.
The net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders used in the computation
of basic and diluted net loss per share has been increased by the value of the
stock dividend issued to certain Series A preferred shareholders at the closing
of the initial public offering.
The following table summarizes the securities outstanding as of each year
end that were not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share as
their inclusion would be antidilutive.
As of December 31,
-----------------------
1999 2000
---- ----
(In thousands)
Stock options to purchase ordinary shares....... 1,481 3,355
Warrants to purchase ordinary shares............ 143 --
Convertible preferred shares.................... 5,266 --
In accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting
Bulletin No. 98, Earnings Per Share in an Initial Public Offering, the Company
determined that there were no nominal issuances of the Company's ordinary shares
prior to the Company's planned initial public offering.
(b) Pro Forma Net Loss Per Share
Pro forma net loss per share has been computed as described in Note 3(a)
and also gives effect to the conversion of preferred shares that were converted
upon the completion of the Company's initial public offering in August 2000,
using the if-converted method, from the original date of issuance.
The following table reflects the reconciliation of the shares used in the
computation of pro forma net loss per share.
As of December 31,
-----------------------
1999 2000
---- ----
(In thousands)
Pro forma basic and diluted:
Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding
used in computing net loss per share.............. 3,414 8,968
Weighted average ordinary shares issuable
upon the conversion of preferred stock............ 1,959 2,202
Weighted average ordinary shares issuable
upon the exercise of outstanding warrant.......... 113 143
Weighted average ordinary shares issuable
upon the exercise of outstanding options
held by certain shareholders...................... 2,050 2,050
Weighted average ordinary shares issued to
certain Series A preferred shareholders........... 258 258
----- ------
Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding
used in computing pro forma basic and
diluted net loss per share........................ 7,784 13,621
===== ======
37
4. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consists of the following:
As of December 31,
Useful -----------------------
Life 1999 2000
---------- ---- ----
(In years) (In thousands)
Equipment.................... 3 $1,160 $3,270
Motor vehicles............... 5 129 --
Office furniture............. 3 to 5 87 289
Leasehold improvements....... Life of Lease 98 214
------ ------
1,474 3,773
Less--Accumulated
depreciation and
amortization............... 691 1,270
------ ------
$ 783 $2,503
====== ======
5. Accrued Expenses
Accrued expenses consists of the following:
As of December 31,
-----------------------
1999 2000
---- ----
(In thousands)
Employees and employee institutions.......... $ 386 $1,391
Royalties due to third parties............... 278 614
Other accrued expenses....................... 934 797
------ ------
$1,598 $2,802
====== ======
6. Related Party Loan
In 1993, the Company entered into a loan agreement with a shareholder (the
Related Party Loan). The Related Party Loan was linked to the Israeli Consumer
Price Index (CPI) and bore no stated rate of interest. The Company has recorded
the estimated incremental interest expense, of approximately 3%, the Company
would have incurred if the loan had been entered into with a third party.
Increases in the principal amount of the loan due to fluctuations in the Israeli
CPI were charged to interest expense. The amounts charged to interest expense
due to fluctuations in the Israeli CPI were approximately $111,000, $31,000 and
$52,000 in 1998, 1999 and 2000, respectively. The loan was repaid in full in
September 2000.
7. Long-Term Loans
The Company has two outstanding loans with a bank that bear annual interest
of London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus 1.5% (8.25% as of December 31,
2000). One loan for $3.0 million matures in June 2001 and the Company has the
option to extend the maturity on this loan for an additional year, subject to
certain conditions, as defined. The remaining balance outstanding as of December
31, 2000 matures in March 2001. In connection with the loans, the Company issued
warrants to the bank (see Note 10(e)). The fair value of the warrants has been
recorded as a discount against these loans and is being amortized as interest
expense over the term of the loans. The amount of unamortized discount was
$81,000 and $14,000 as of December 31, 1999 and 2000, respectively.
38
8. Accrued Severance Pay
Under Israeli law and labor agreements, the Company is required to make
severance payments to dismissed employees leaving the Company in certain
circumstances. The Company's severance pay liability to its employees is
reflected by the balance sheet accrual and is funded mainly by the purchase of
insurance policies in the name of the Company. Severance pay expense amounted to
approximately $54,000, $76,000, and $291,000 in 1998, 1999 and 2000,
respectively.
9. Commitments
(a) Participation Payments
In connection with its research and development activities, the Company
received participation payments from the Government of Israel through the
Ministry of Industry and Trade and Office of the Chief Scientist in the total
amount of approximately $605,000. In return for the Government of Israels
participation, the Company is committed to pay royalties at a rate of 3% to 5%
of sales of the developed product, up to 100% and 150% for certain grant amounts
received. The Company's maximum royalty obligation is approximately $670,000,
all of which $56,000 has been paid and $614,000 accrued as of December 31, 2000.
(b) Leases
The Company operates primarily from leased facilities. Lease agreements
expire through year 2005. Annual minimum future rental payments due under the
lease agreements, at exchange rates in effect on December 31, 2000, are
approximately as follows:
For the year ended December 31, Amount
------------------------------- ------
(In thousands)
2001................................ $ 733
2002................................ 449
2003................................ 465
2004................................ 470
2005................................ 71
-------
$ 2,188
=======
Rent expense was $192,000, $213,000, $635,000, in 1998, 1999 and 2000,
respectively.
10. Shareholders' Equity
(a) Authorized Share Capital
During 1998, the Company authorized 3,500,000 Series A preferred shares
(Series A). During 1999, the Company authorized 5,000,000 Series B preferred
shares (Series B). As of December 31, 2000, the Company has authorized
25,000,000 shares of NIS 0.01 par value ordinary shares.
(b) Initial Public Offering
On August 15, 2000, the Company completed its initial public offering of
4,000,000 shares of its ordinary shares at $10.00 per share. Proceeds to the
Company, net of underwriting discounts, commissions and offering costs, were
$35.3 million.
In connection with the offering all outstanding preferred shares were
converted into 5,265,575 ordinary shares and 602,757 ordinary shares were issued
to certain shareholders upon the exercise of certain options and warrants. In
addition, the Company issued 258,500 ordinary shares to certain of its Series A
preferred shareholders, which has been accounted for as a stock dividend. The
Company has recorded a charge to additional paid-in capital for the par value of
the ordinary shares issued and the amount of net loss attributable to ordinary
shareholders used in the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share has
been increased by the fair value of the ordinary shares issued.
(c) Preferred Shares
In 1998, the Company issued 1,314,200 shares of Series A, with rights to
purchase additional preferred and ordinary shares, to investors in consideration
for approximately $3.8 million. In July 1999, the Company issued 1,022,800
shares of Series A to investors in consideration for approximately $3.0 million.
In December 1999, the Company issued 2,904,765 shares of Series B preferred
shares NIS 0.01 par value at $2.10 per share for gross proceeds of approximately
$6.1 million. All outstanding preferred shares were converted into ordinary
shares upon the completion of the initial public offering described above.
39
(d) Share Purchase Agreements
Through several finance closings in 1998, in accordance with Series A
purchase agreements, the Company issued to the investors warrants to purchase up
to 1,314,200 additional shares of Series A at an exercise price of $2.97 per
share. In 1999, the Company issued 1,022,800 shares of Series A in consideration
for approximately $3.0 million pursuant to the exercise of these warrants. The
remaining unexercised warrants to purchase 291,400 shares of Series A have
expired.
The Company also granted the investors options to purchase 2,050,000
ordinary shares at an exercise price of NIS 0.01 per share ("Share Par Value").
In 1999, the Company issued 1,595,400 ordinary shares as a result of the
exercise of the options to purchase ordinary shares described above. The Company
issued 454,600 ordinary shares pursuant to the remaining options upon the
completion of the initial public offering in August 2000.
In connection with one of the closings of Series A in 1998, certain
investors were given the right to receive a number of ordinary shares equal to
3% of the Company's outstanding share capital at the time of the Series A
financing, but not greater than 258,500 total ordinary shares. In connection
with the initial public offering, the Company issued all 258,500 ordinary
shares. In August 2000, the Company recorded a charge to additional paid-in
capital valued at the Share Par Value of the ordinary shares.
(e) Ordinary Share Warrants
In March 1999, the Company granted to a bank a fully vested warrant to
purchase 142,857 ordinary shares at $2.10 per share. This warrant was exercised
in full at an exercise price of $2.10 per share in August 2000, concurrent with
the initial public offering. The Company has valued the warrant using the
Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: (1) life of
two years, (2) no dividend yield, (3) volatility of 80%, (4) risk-free interest
rate of 5% and (5) the warrant is exercised at $2.10 per share. The Company
determined the value to be approximately $137,000, which is being amortized to
interest expense over the two-year term of the note.
(f) Stock Option Plans
In 1996, the Company adopted a key employee share incentive plan (the "1996
Option Plan"), which provides for the grant by the Company of option awards to
officers and employees of the Company and its subsidiaries and to non-employees.
An aggregate of 4,061,862 ordinary shares have been approved for issuance under
the 1996 Option Plan. Options granted under the 1996 Option Plan vest ratably
over vesting periods ranging from three to five years. The options expire 62
months from the date of issuance.
In 1997, the Company adopted an affiliate stock option plan, which provides
for the grant by the Company of nonqualified option awards to employees of
RAD-Bynet Group of companies, which are affiliated companies. Through December
31, 2000, options to purchase approximately 75,000 ordinary shares are issued to
non-employees. The Company has accounted for these options in accordance with
SFAS No. 123 utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following
assumptions: (1) expected life of four years, (2) no dividend yield, (3)
volatility of 80% and (4) a risk-free interest rate of 5%. The aggregate value
of the options granted to nonemployees was approximately $176,000. The Company
has charged to operations approximately $46,000, $24,000 and $23,000 in 1998,
1999 and 2000, respectively.
In 2000, the Company adopted a share incentive plan (the "2000 Option
Plan"), which provides for the grant by the Company of option awards to officers
and employees of its US subsidiary. An aggregate of 1,750,000 ordinary shares
have been approved for issuance under the 2000 Option Plan. Options granted
under the 2000 Option Plan vest ratably over four years and expire 10 years from
the date of issuance.
40
Transactions related to the above noted option plans for the three years in
the period ended December 31, 2000 are summarized as follows:
Weighted Weighted
Average Average
Exercise Fair Value
Options Price Per of Options
Outstanding Share Granted
----------- --------- -----------
Outstanding as of December 31, 1997..... 594,650 $ --
Granted......................... 72,100 -- $ 0.25
Forfeited....................... (15,700) --
--------- -----
Outstanding as of December 31, 1998..... 651,050
Granted......................... 857,061 0.68 $ 1.04
Forfeited....................... (26,800) 0.60
--------- -----
Outstanding as of December 31, 1999..... 1,481,311 0.38
Granted......................... 2,863,500 2.69 $ 3.58
Exercised....................... (470,786) 0.12
Forfeited....................... (518,536) 2.59
--------- -----
Outstanding as of December 31, 2000..... 3,355,489 $2.05
========= =====
Exercisable as of December 31, 1998..... 570,060 $ --
========= =====
Exercisable as of December 31, 1999..... 767,055 $0.14
========= =====
Exercisable as of December 31, 2000..... 883,549 $0.64
========= =====
The following table summarizes information about options outstanding and
exercisable at December 31, 2000:
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
------------------------------------------- ------------------------
Weighted
Number Average Weighted Number Weighted
Outstanding at Remaining Average Outstanding Average
Exercise December 31, Contractual Exercise December 31, Exercise
Price 2000 Life in Years Price 2000 Price
- ------------ -------------- ------------- -------- ------------ --------
$ -- 253,930 1.2 $ -- 253,930 $ --
0.68 - 1.00 2,408,799 4.3 0.92 625,527 0.84
2.70 200,000 9.9 2.70 -- --
4.50 87,000 8.2 4.50 -- --
8.22 - 10.00 405,760 6.7 9.22 4,092 10.00
--------- -------
3,355,489 4.9 2.05 883,549 0.64
========= =======
In 1999, the Company issued options that had performance based vesting
provisions. The performance criteria were based on the Company attaining defined
revenue and profitability amounts for 1999. In January 2000, the Company's Board
of Directors approved the modification of these performance-based options to
provide for time-based vesting. Accordingly, with this modification, the options
are now fixed grants. The Company accounted for the options with performance
criteria as variable options through December 31, 1999, marking them to market
for the then current fair market value. The Company charged to operations
approximately $144,000 in 1999 for these performance-based options.
The amount of deferred compensation arising from the difference between the
exercise price and the fair market value on the date of the grant of
approximately $0, $582,000 and $6.7 million for options granted in 1998, 1999
and 2000, respectively, is included in shareholders equity and is being
amortized over the vesting periods of the respective options in accordance with
APB 25. Under APB 25, the deferred compensation expense in 1998, 1999 and 2000
amounted to approximately $149,000, $234,000 and $1.4 million, respectively.
Unamortized deferred compensation totaled $5.7 million as of December 31, 2000.
41
If deferred compensation had been determined under the alternative fair
value accounting method provided for under SFAS No. 123, the Company's net loss
and net loss per share would have been increased to the following pro forma
amounts:
For the Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------------------------------
1998 1999 2000
-------- --------- -----------
(In thousands)
Net loss attributable to ordinary
shareholders:
As reported.................. $ (2,715) $ (2,741) $ (13,570)
Pro forma.................... (2,715) (2,831) (13,947)
Net loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders:
As reported.................. $ (1.04) $ (0.80) $ (1.51)
Pro forma.................... (1.04) (0.83) (1.55)
Under SFAS No. 123, the fair value of each option grant is estimated on the
date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following
weighted-average assumptions used for grants in 1998, 1999 and 2000: (1)
expected life of the options of two to four years; (2) no dividend yield; (3)
expected volatility of 61% to 80%; and (4) a risk-free interest rate of 5%.
11. Taxes on Income
(a) Alternative Benefits Method
The Company's investment program totaling approximately $66,000 has been
granted "Approved Enterprise" status under the Israeli Law for Encouragement of
Capital Investments, 1959. The Company is entitled to a benefit period of seven
years, on income derived from this program, as follows: a full income tax
exemption for the first two years and a reduced income tax rate of 25% (instead
of the regular rate of 36%) for the remaining five year period. If foreign
shareholdings in the Company exceed 25%, the period for which the Company is
entitled to a reduced income tax is extended to eight years.
If the Company distributes a cash dividend out of retained earnings which
were tax exempt due to its approved enterprise status, the Company would have to
pay a 25% corporate tax on the amount distributed, and a further 15% withholding
tax would be deducted from the amounts distributed to the recipients.
Should the Company derive income from sources other than the approved
enterprise programs during the relevant period of benefits, such income will be
taxable at the regular corporate tax rate, which is 36%.
The benefits from the Company's approved enterprise programs are dependent
upon the Company fulfilling the conditions stipulated by the Law for
Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959 and the regulations published under
this law, as well as the criteria in the approval for the specific investment in
the Company's approved enterprise programs. If the Company does not comply with
these conditions, the tax benefits may be canceled, and the Company may be
required to refund the amount of the canceled benefits, with the addition of
linkage differences and interest. As of the date of these financial statements,
the Company believes it complies with these conditions.
(b) Inflationary Adjustments
The Company is subject to the Income Tax Law (Inflationary Adjustments),
1985 measuring income on the basis of changes in the Israeli Consumer Price
Index.
(c) Industrial Company
The Company currently qualifies as an "Industrial Company" under the Law
for Encouragement of Industry (Taxes), 1969 and is therefore entitled to tax
benefits, mainly accelerated depreciation of machinery and equipment and
deduction of expenses incurred in connection with a public offering.
42
(d) Net Operating Losses
As of December 31, 2000, the Company's net operating loss carryforwards for
tax purposes amounted to approximately $9.0 million. These net operating losses
may be carried forward indefinitely and offset against future taxable income.
The Company expects that during the period in which these tax losses are
utilized its income would be substantially tax exempt. Therefore, the income tax
rate of the Company during the tax-exempt period will be zero and there will be
no tax benefit available from these losses and no deferred income taxes have
been included in these financial statements. Deferred taxes in respect of other
temporary differences are immaterial.
Through December 31, 1995, the Company's losses for tax purposes were
assigned to a shareholder, and are not available to the Company.
The U.S. subsidiary's carryforward tax losses through December 31, 2000
amounted to approximately $7.9 million. These losses are available to offset
future U.S. taxable income of the U.S. subsidiary and will expire between the
years 2012 and 2020. Net operating loss carryforwards are subject to review and
possible adjustments by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and may be limited in
the event of certain cumulative changes in excess of 50% in the ownership
interests of significant shareholders over a three-year period.
The components of the Company's US deferred tax asset are approximately as
follows:
December 31,
------------------
1999 2000
-------- --------
(In thousands)
Net operating loss carryforwards........ $1,128 $3,084
Temporary items......................... 88 164
------ ------
1,216 3,248
Less - Valuation allowance.............. 1,216 3,248
------ ------
Net deferred tax asset.................. $ -- $ --
====== ======
The Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its deferred
tax asset due to the uncertainty surrounding the timing of the realization of
these tax benefits.
(e) Final Tax Assessments
The Company has received final tax assessments regarding tax years until
the end of 1995.
12. Related Party Balances and Transactions
Management believes that all related party transactions have been conducted
on an arms length basis. Balances with related parties consisted of the
following:
December 31,
------------------
1999 2000
-------- --------
(In thousands)
Accounts receivable..................... $ 39 $ 62
Accounts payable and accrued expenses... 36 62
Long-term loan (See Note 7)............. 1,447 --
Transactions with related parties consisted of the following:
For the Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------------
1998 1999 2000
------ ------ ------
(In thousands)
Revenues............................... $ 71 $ 64 $ --
Costs and expenses..................... (51) (58) (93)
Finance expenses....................... (118) (33) (52)
Property and equipment purchased....... 22 1 63
43
13. Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
A summary of the allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns is as
follows:
For the Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------------
1998 1999 2000
------ ------ ------
(In thousands)
Balance, beginning of year................. $ -- $ -- $ 150
Additions............................... -- 150 266
Write-offs.............................. -- -- (71)
----- ----- -----
Balance, end of year....................... $ -- $ 150 $ 345
===== ===== =====
14. Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise
The Company has adopted SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information. SFAS No. 131 establishes standards for
reporting information regarding operating segments in annual financial
statements and requires selected information for those segments to be presented
in interim financial reports issued to shareholders. SFAS No. 131 also
establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services and
geographic areas. Operating segments are identified as components of an
enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for
evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision making group, in
making decisions how to allocate resources and assess performance.
The Company's chief operating decision makers, as defined under SFAS No.
131, are the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer. To date,
the Company has viewed its operations and has managed its business as
principally one operating segment.
The Company's revenues by its customers' geographic locations are as
follows:
For the Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------------
1998 1999 2000
------ ------ ------
(In thousands)
United States.............................. $910 $4,433 $8,927
Europe..................................... 39 413 1,137
Israel..................................... 13 241 551
Other...................................... 4 23 175
---- ------ -------
$966 $5,110 $10,790
==== ====== =======
The Company established subsidiaries in the United Kingdom and Germany in
2000. Operations in various geographic areas, since the inception of those
entities, are summarized as follows:
United States Israel Europe Eliminations Consolidated
------------- -------- -------- ------------ ------------
(In thousands)
Year Ended December 31, 1998
Total Revenues................... $ 909 $ 57 $ -- $ -- $ 966
======= ======== ===== ======= =========
Net loss......................... $ (842) $ (1,873) $ -- $ -- $ (2,715)
======= ======== ===== ======= =========
Identifiable assets.............. $ 594 $ 2,432 $ -- $ (642) $ 2,384
======= ======== ===== ======= =========
Year Ended December 31, 1999
Total Revenues................... $ 4,413 $ 697 $ -- $ -- $ 5,110
======= ======== ===== ======= =========
Net loss......................... $(2,080) $ (661) $ -- $ -- $ (2,741)
======= ======== ===== ======= =========
Identifiable assets.............. $ 2,720 $ 12,615 $ -- $(4,485) $ 10,850
======= ======== ===== ======= =========
Year Ended December 31, 2000
Total Revenues................... $ 8,927 $ 1,863 $ -- $ -- $ 10,790
======= ======== ===== ======= =========
Net loss......................... $(5,080) $ (6,368) $ 463 $ -- $ (10,985)
======= ======== ===== ======= =========
Identifiable assets.............. $ 4,368 $ 43,750 $ 217 $(8,622) $ 39,713
======= ======== ===== ======= =========
44
15. QUARTERLY STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)
The following table presents a summary of quarterly results of operations
for 1999 and 2000:
Quarter Ended
---------------------------------------------------------------
March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31,
1999 1999 1999 1999
--------- -------- ------------- ------------
(In thousands)
Total revenues.................... $ 628 $ 1,021 $ 1,588 $ 1,873
======== ======== ========= ========
Gross profit...................... $ 566 $ 949 $ 1,458 $ 1,730
======== ======== ========= ========
Net loss.......................... $ (573) $ (585) $ (468) $ (1,115)
======== ======== ========= ========
Basic and diluted net loss
per share attributable
to ordinary shareholders....... $ (0.22) $ (0.22) $ (0.11) $ (0.27)
======== ======== ========= ========
Quarter Ended
---------------------------------------------------------------
March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31,
2000 2000 2000 2000
--------- -------- ------------- ------------
(In thousands)
Total revenues..................... $ 2,266 $ 2,701 $ 3,102 $ 2,721
======== ======== ========= ========
Gross profit....................... $ 2,061 $ 2,458 $ 2,821 $ 2,400
======== ======== ========= ========
Net loss........................... $ (1,050) $ (2,076) $ (3,314) $ (4,545)
======== ======== ========= ========
Net loss attributable to
ordinary shareholders $ (1,050) $ (2,076) $ (5,899) $ (4,545)
======== ======== ========= ========
Basic and diluted net loss
per share attributable
to ordinary shareholders........ $ (0.25) $ (0.49) $ (0.54) $ (0.28)
======== ======== ========= ========
Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None
PART III
Item 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference
to the section titled "Election of Directors" included in the Company's Proxy
Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders which will be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the
Company's fiscal year to which this Annual Report on Form 10-K relates.
Item 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference
to the section titled "Executive Compensation" included in the Company's Proxy
Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders which will be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the
Company's fiscal year to which this Annual Report on Form 10-K relates.
Item 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference
to the section titled "Voting Securities" included in the Company's Proxy
Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders which will be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the
Company's fiscal year to which this Annual Report on Form 10-K relates.
Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference
to the section titled "Compensation Committee Interlocks, Insider Participation
and Certain Transactions" included in the Company's Proxy Statement for the
Annual Meeting of Shareholders which will be filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the Company's fiscal year
to which this Annual Report on Form 10-K relates.
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a)(1) Financial Statements.
Financial statements are shown in the index and other information on page
27 of this report.
(a)(2) Schedules.
All schedules have been omitted because either they are not required, are
not applicable or the information is otherwise set forth in the Consolidated
Financial Statements and notes thereto.
45
(a)(3) Exhibit Index
The following exhibits are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Exhibit No. Description
3.1 Memorandum of Association of Registrant (English translation) (filed
as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form F-1,
No. 333-41526, and incorporated herein by reference)
3.2 Form of Articles of Association of Registrant (filed as Exhibit 3.3 to
the Company's Registration Statement on Form F-1, No. 333-41526, and
incorporated herein by reference)
4.1 Form of Ordinary Share Certificate (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the
Company's Registration Statement on Form F-1, No. 333-41526, and
incorporated herein by reference)
4.2 Investor Rights Agreement (filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form F-1, No. 333-41526, and incorporated
herein by reference)
10.1 Lease Agreement for 2 Habarzel St., Tel-Aviv, 69710, Israel (English
Translation) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Registration
Statement on Form F-1, No. 333-41526, and incorporated herein by
reference)
10.2 Lease Agreement for 7 New England Executive Park, Burlington,
Massachusetts, 01803 (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form F-1, No. 333-41526, and incorporated
herein by reference)
10.3 Lease Agreement for 890 Hillview Court, Suite 130, Milpitas,
California 95035 (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Registration
Statement on Form F-1, No. 333-41526, and incorporated herein by
reference)
10.4 Key Employee Share Incentive Plan (1996) (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the
Company's Registration Statement on Form F-1, No. 333-41526, and
incorporated herein by reference)
10.5 United States Share Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the
Company's Registration Statement on Form F-1, No. 333-41526, and
incorporated herein by reference)
10.6 Form of Indemnification Agreement (filed as Exhibit 10.7 to the
Company's Registration Statement on Form F-1, No. 333-41526, and
incorporated herein by reference)
21.1* Subsidiaries of the Registrant
- -----------------------------------------
* Filed herewith
(a) (4) Reports on Form 8-K:
No reports on Form 8-K were filed in the three-month period ended December 31,
2000.
46
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, the registrant,
RadView Software Ltd., has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Burlington, in the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on this 28th day of March, 2001.
RadView Software Ltd.
By: /s/ Ilan Kinreich
-------------------------------------
Ilan Kinreich
President and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, this report has
been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates
indicated:
/s/ Ilan Kinreich President, Chief Executive Officer March 28, 2001
- ------------------------- and Director
Ilan Kinreich
/s/ Yehuda Zisapel Director March 28, 2001
- -------------------------
Yehuda Zisapel
/s/ Shai Beilis Director March 28, 2001
- -------------------------
Shai Beilis
/s/ William Geary Director March 28, 2001
- -------------------------
William Geary
/s/ Robert Steinkrauss Director March 28, 2001
- -------------------------
Robert Steinkrauss
/s/ Christopher Stone Director March 28, 2001
- -------------------------
Christopher Stone
/s/ Brian E. LeClair Vice President and Chief March 28, 2001
- ------------------------- Financial Officer
Brian E. LeClair