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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 1-13591
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE 13-2966911
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
organization)
301 ROUTE 17 NORTH, RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY 07070
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
201-935-3400
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(B) OF THE ACT:
TITLE OF EACH CLASS NAME OF EACH EXCHANGE
Common Stock $.01 par value ON WHICH REGISTERED
American Stock Exchange
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(G) OF THE ACT:
NONE
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes /X/ No / /
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. / /
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the
Registrant, based upon the closing sale price of Common Stock on March 6, 1998
as reported on the American Stock Exchange, was approximately $24.9 million.
Shares of Common Stock held by each officer and director and by each person who
owns 5% or more of the outstanding Common Stock have been excluded in that such
persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status
is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
As of March 6, 1998, Registrant had outstanding 23,778,230 shares of Common
Stock.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
ITEMS 10, 11, 12 AND 13 OF PART III ARE INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE FROM A
PORTION OF THE REGISTRANT'S DEFINITIVE PROXY STATEMENT TO BE FURNISHED TO
STOCKHOLDERS IN CONNECTION WITH THE 1998 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
This Report contains statements of a forward-looking nature within the
meaning of the safe harbor provisions of section 21E of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended, relating to future events or future financial results
of the Company. Investors are cautioned that such statements are only
predictions and that actual events or results may differ materially. In
evaluating such statements, investors should specifically consider the various
factors identified in this Report which could cause actual events or results to
differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements,
including the matters set forth in "Business--Risk Factors" below.
GENERAL
Computron is an innovative provider of knowledge-based business and
technology solutions with 20 years of experience in crafting efficient,
effective, value-added systems for global organizations as well as large and
mid-sized companies. Computron believes that the wealth, potential, and ultimate
success of 21st century organizations will be determined by how well knowledge
is used to manage, protect, and leverage their corporate assets. The Company
strives to deliver knowledge-based business solutions that empower organizations
through the ability to turn information into knowledge.
Computron designs, markets, and supports n-tier, Internet-enabled
client/server-based financials, workflow, desktop document access and storage,
and maintenance and asset management software. Its solutions are designed to
protect software application investment through the use of true n-tier
architecture and a proven implementation certainty process. The Company's
current client/server solutions are fully Year 2000 compliant and provide
customers with the ability to address both the structured and unstructured data
of their business, above and beyond traditional transaction-oriented accounting.
Computron also offers workflow-based modules, Budget Cycle Management (BCM),
Expense Cycle Management (ECM), and Procurement Cycle Management (PCM) designed
to seamlessly flow and manage an organization's data and knowledge throughout a
budget, expense, and/or procurement cycle.
Computron believes that its knowledge-based solutions empower organizations
by turning all forms of information into manageable knowledge. Its vision has
been to provide the complete functionality of business solutions, combined with
a strong technology foundation that can migrate organizations into the 21st
century. Organizations can take advantage of significant technological
innovations such as network computing, client/server, document management,
imaging, COLD (Computer Output to Laser Disk), decision support, workflow and
others utilizing Computron's advanced architecture.
ARCHITECTURE
At the heart of the Company's financial and workflow software design and
technology is an open, Internet-ready, n-tier architecture designed to adapt to
new technological innovation and enable executives to capitalize on these
innovations quickly and cost-effectively. The architecture was created to
simplify continuous process re-engineering (CPR) and allow companies to achieve
their goals of reduced costs and increased competitiveness.
The n-tier architecture permits enhanced scalability, application upgrade
and/or migration ease, and multiple desktop presentation options including
Microsoft Windows and Visual Basic, all of which position the Company as an
industry leader in accurate, comprehensive, and timely application
implementations. Computron's application suite supports relational database
management systems (RDBMS) from vendors such as Microsoft Corporation (Microsoft
SQL), Oracle Corporation (Oracle), Sybase, Inc. (Sybase), and Informix
Corporation (Informix). Computron's software runs on a variety of UNIX-based
platforms -- Sun Microsystems, Inc. (Sun), Hewlett-Packard Corporation (HP),
International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), Digital Equipment Corporation
(Digital), as well as Intel-based servers running Windows NT.
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Computron's products are designed to take advantage of diverse
configurations and processing capabilities at the customer site. For example, a
Computron installation can be configured to execute discrete application
functions (components) on multiple application servers. Or, a Computron system
can be used effectively in a wide area network (WAN) configuration, without
resorting to remote GUI display tools, as is common with two tiered
applications. Computron software can be implemented with a "thin client" which
provides excellent desktop integration, or with an "ultra thin" Web client for
unadministered/ remote users. Furthermore, these configuration options can be
adjusted, as the customer's needs change. Additional application servers can be
applied, as more users are added. Or, Internet and WAN access can be introduced,
if this type of access is more appropriate for some users.
EXTENSIVE USE OF OBJECT-ORIENTED DESIGN TECHNIQUES
Since 1990, Computron has relied heavily on object-oriented design
techniques. The results can be seen throughout the architecture. For example,
user interface controls and display components are treated as objects that can
be individually manipulated, customized, and extended by user organizations.
The Company believes that the benefits of object-orientation are becoming
increasingly apparent. Object-oriented applications tend to be more modular than
those developed with traditional methods, have cleaner interfaces, more shared
code, and fewer entry points. Developers work in a simpler development
environment that is less prone to error, and they produce applications that are
easier to maintain, enhance, and distribute across the network. As a result,
end-users get applications that are more reliable and manageable. In addition,
Computron's products allow developers to gain increased scalability and
performance, via Computron's flexible, "n-tiered" architecture.
N-TIERED ARCHITECTURE
First-generation client/server systems utilized a two-tier architecture in
which presentation and application logic were combined on client workstations,
and data was stored on one or more servers.
Though its limitations have been widely acknowledged, the classic two-tier
client/server architecture is surprisingly still at the heart of many enterprise
solutions. For example, requiring application logic to be executed on individual
client workstations reduces performance by dramatically increasing network
traffic; it limits the Information Technology ("IT") organization's ability to
eliminate bottlenecks by increasing server resources; and it increases the
complexity of applications--thereby reducing their reliability.
In contrast, Computron's architecture has, for many years, separated
application functions into multiple logical groupings or tiers. At the heart of
Computron's architecture are three tiers: PRESENTATION, APPLICATION LOGIC, and
DATA ACCESS tiers.
Computron's application logic and data access tiers may themselves be
partitioned into multiple tiers, and it is also possible to integrate
presentation services across the Internet or private intranets and extranets.
Therefore, it is more appropriate to define the Computron architecture as
N-TIER.
The Company believes that for a multi-tiered product to perform efficiently
in diverse network and system environments, it is critical that communication
among tiers be efficient and flexible.
Many first-generation client/server products rely on the database vendor's
remote SQL network software to communicate with the server. In contrast,
Computron provides its own middleware, consisting of local and remote
application program interface (API) libraries and protocol-specific drivers. For
remote communication between software components, the middleware supports a
variety of popular network protocols. When client and server processes run on
the same platform, local interprocess communication is employed to eliminate the
overhead of the network protocol.
The Company believes that the API is a crucial piece of the architecture
because of its performance impact and because it defines the extent to which
application components can be distributed across
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different nodes in the network. The remote SQL APIs provided by most relational
database vendors are useful for retrieving data from a remote database server,
but they do not support a generalized interface for interprogram communication.
The use of SQL based API calls as a basis for a multi tiered message passing
mechanism can be problematic, as this API was not designed for this purpose. In
contrast, the Computron API is modeled closely on the Distributed Computing
Environment (DCE) remote procedure call (RPC) API, an industry standard for
remote communication between disparate software products. In addition, Computron
is free to exploit the database access mechanism that is most appropriate for
that database, and not use a 'least common denominator' solution across RDBMS's.
Computron's RDBMS interfaces are custom coded, and are focused on high function,
high performance data access issues.
CUSTOMIZATION AND EXTENSIBILITY
With some enterprise financial packages, customers often require extensive
source code changes to get the capabilities they desire. These changes add
complexity and potential instability; there is no guarantee that customized
source code versions of the product will translate to newer versions. Later,
companies may find themselves unable to utilize new features or technologies
that could provide a competitive advantage.
Computron's architecture is designed to avoid this problem by using
components that can be customized and extended outside of the source code,
including:
- Presentation/user interface
- Application logic
- Inquiry reporting
- Drill-down modules
- The data model
- Validation and rules
COMPREHENSIVE WORKFLOW INTEGRATION
Workflow management is increasingly recognized as a critical element in
successful business process reengineering. For years, Computron has included a
world-class product, Computron Workflow, with many installations of Computron
Financials or Computron COOL.
COMPUTRON WORKFLOW IS THE "CONNECTIVE TISSUE" THAT ENABLES USERS TO COMBINE
COMPUTRON FINANCIAL AND DOCUMENT MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS, CREATING AUTOMATED,
INTEGRATED BUSINESS PROCESSES.
Computron Workflow is designed from the ground up as an enterprise solution.
Since a powerful Workflow Rules Engine is integrated directly into Computron
Workflow's runtime, organizations can extend the reach of workflow applications
far beyond the Workflow database tables. Computron believes that companies can
build high-performance production oriented workflow systems that directly access
line-of-business and horizontal application database tables in real time,
without compromising data integrity.
Computron believes that workflow can be partitioned to a fine level of
granularity, helping organizations maximize performance at low cost. It has been
implemented in enterprise-wide environments characterized by high volumes, large
user bases, complex conditional routing and extensive exception handling.
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MAINTAINING SECURITY
Computron's architecture provides multiple levels of security, including
ways to define update versus read-only access within specific transactions. An
organization security hierarchy exists both across systems and within individual
applications.
For data level security, Computron's applications support no access,
read-write access and read-only access for each record. This is defined in
security maintenance using application security schemes.
All application security is defined in a single set of system files, and is
managed centrally. Database passwords are stored and issued on the server.
Computron's security mechanisms can take advantage of security mechanisms built
into UNIX or Windows NT, as well as native RDBMS security on a PER USER, USER
GROUP OR SYSTEM-WIDE basis.
LOWERING TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP
Computron believes that there are many ways in which its products and
architecture lower the total cost of ownership for an organization. For example:
- Computron provides Implementation Certainty, a proven method for assuring
a smooth transition and rapid implementation of the software.
- Computron's architecture allows organizations to leverage existing
development environments, and partition applications for maximum
performance.
- By customizing the software outside of the source code, it is easier to
upgrade from one version of the software to another--a feature that may
lower internal support costs.
- New client forms, menus, and messages can be uploaded, reducing the
maintenance required for new release implementations.
- Computron supports multiple languages, including double-byte enablement
using the same code. Therefore, the same product can be implemented across
the enterprise.
- Computron's products can take advantage of industry leading products such
as Computer Associates' Unicenter and IBM's Tivoli Management Environment.
For example, these tools can schedule jobs defined within the Computron
environment.
PRODUCTS
The Company designs, markets, and supports n-tier, Internet-enabled
client/server-based financials, workflow, desktop document access and storage,
and maintenance and asset management software. Its product line consists of
Computron-Registered Trademark- Financials, Computron-Registered Trademark-
Workflow, Computron-Registered Trademark- COOL-TM-, and
Computron-Registered Trademark- Yorvik-TM-, and is currently supported on a
variety of UNIX-based platforms--Sun Microsystems, Inc. (Sun), Hewlett-Packard
Corporation (HP), International Business Machines Corporation (IBM), Digital
Equipment Corporation (Digital), as well as Intel-based servers running Windows
NT. The most current release of Computron software, version 4.0 for the
Computron Financials, Computron Workflow, and Computron COOL solutions debuted
December 31, 1997, and is available, in varying degrees, in a number of
languages including English, Bulgarian, French, Spanish, Polish, German, and
Japanese. The Company's products may be translated into additional languages
using supported language code pages with minimal reliance on its development
resources. Computron believes that Version 4.0 provides users with enhanced
features, improved functionality, and robust performance, and is offered on
CD-ROM for its full suite of applications and complete set of documentation. In
the future, the Company will incorporate acclaimed technology such as Electronic
Data Interchange (EDI) into its releases. The most recent release of Computron
Yorvik software, Version 6.0, was released in December 1997.
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COMPUTRON FINANCIALS
Computron Financials consists of a series of modules including:
MODULE FEATURES
- --------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
GENERAL LEDGER The General Ledger module provides comprehensive financial accounting
and management information across multiple companies, currencies, and
reporting calendars. It stores and maintains financial, statistical, and
budgetary information for summary, comparison, calculation, inquiry, and
reporting. Computron believes that the product fulfills statutory,
consolidation, and management requirements and offers benefits such as
complete user control of all functions and ledger structure,
n-dimensions Chart of Account structure, customization of Advanced User
Interface, and total integration with other Computron applications and
(via its own sophisticated interfacing tool GENEX) with non-Computron
software.
POWER INTERACTIVE Power Interactive is a set of components used to define GL financial
reports. Created in Visual Basic, Power Interactive provides a
traditional Windows look and feel with standard icons, while allowing
users report access and drill down capability to virtually any data
available in the GL. Its components include the POWER INTERACTIVE
DEFINER AND POWER INTERACTIVE VIEWER. THE POWER INTERACTIVE DEFINER
allows the specification of a report using a graphical user interface,
without having to consider the details of the actual report layout. Its
POWER INTERACTIVE VIEWER component is a user-friendly tool that
facilitates end-user financial report modifications and customizations.
With Power Interactive, users can define financial report data lines and
columns using the Definer, and use the Viewer to define and/or view the
layout.
BUDGET CYCLE MANAGEMENT The Budget Cycle Management (BCM) module is workflow-based and is
designed to allow organizations to automate the ways in which budget
information is disseminated and collected throughout the enterprise. It
provides the ability to track the status of each form, reducing the
frequent manual intervention involved in the budget cycle process. With
BCM, organizations in virtually any industry can improve the overall
quality and control of the budgeting process, decrease wait time by
speeding the manual process, and reduce manual effort.
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE The Accounts Receivable module provides efficient and comprehensive
debtor management facilities, offering complete financial accounting and
management information, in multiple currencies, to fulfill statutory and
management requirements. It is parameter-driven for precise matching to
user requirements and offers user control of many functions and ledger
structure. Users can create Call Back Queue records based on data from
the Customer Master, customer statistics, and open item files using the
Credit Manager's workbench function. Additionally, Computron Accounts
Receivable has an optional Direct Invoicing module that handles goods
and
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MODULE FEATURES
- --------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
services, pick list generation, invoicing generation, deal pricing,
pricing and discount tables, and reporting.
REVENUE CYCLE MANAGEMENT Computron expects to release a Revenue Cycle Management (RCM) module; a
workflow- based accounts receivable module that allows organizations to
manage cash and receivables more effectively. RCM automates the ways in
which cash and aged receivables are collected throughout the enterprise.
With RCM, organizations in virtually any industry can improve the
collection process, quality, and control of revenue. RCM enhances the
credit manager's function by allowing fast and accurate access to perti-
nent information for clear and quick decisions.
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE The Accounts Payable module is a sophisticated vendor management system.
It offers an easy-to-use method of managing suppliers, vendors, and the
purchasing cycle. It embraces purchasing statistics, cash management
forecasting, employee advance and expense handling, EFT payment
capability, built-in invoice logging, BACS, tracking and payment
authorization procedures. It also covers comprehensive financial
accounting and management reporting and inquiry (statistical and
financial), in multiple currencies.
EXPENSE CYCLE MANAGEMENT Expense Cycle Management (ECM) is a complete application that integrates
portions of Computron's financial moduleswith workflow technology
delivered with a graphical process design wizard called the Process
Design Workbench. It comes with all of the workflow tasks necessary for
re-engineering the payment cycle, such as several scanning, faxing and
invoice capture tasks, tasks for indexing documents, pre- and
post-voucher entry approval routing options, electronic fund payments,
exception handling, and full online inquiry to the workflow and
financial data.
PURCHASE ORDER The Purchase Order Module enables automated purchase order processing,
user-defined vendor evaluation and allows for blanket and standard
orders, transmission of purchase orders through print, fax, or EDI,
critical delivery flagging, and "contract near limit" warnings. It also
provides sophisticated buyer sourcing that includes automatic pick
tickets and direct requisition to purchase order processing.
PROCUREMENT CYCLE MANAGEMENT Procurement Cycle Management (PCM) is a complete application that
integrates portions of Computron's financial modules with workflow
technology delivered with the Process Design Workbench. It allows
individual organizations to define the procurement cycle process and
provides a view of the current processes, identifying areas that can be
improved. By coupling the value of workflow with Computron's standard
functional richness, PCM helps organizations decrease wait time, reduce
manual effort, and improve the control of the procurement process, while
increasing the overall production and quality of the organizational
performance. PCM can electronically create both requisitions and
purchase orders, and
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MODULE FEATURES
- --------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
upon completion of an online requisition, perform custom business rules,
or automatically route the requisition to a supervisor for approval and
release.
INVENTORY CONTROL The Inventory Control module is a highly flexible inventory system with
full integration to both Computron Financials/Purchase Order and
Computron Financials General Ledger. This system features extensive
inventory transaction capabilities and detailed reporting functionality.
Notable features include Item Master File maintenance and inquiry
capability, Bill of Materials, full integration to Computron
Financials/Purchase Order through Requisition and Receiving, Pick List
processing, a full range of inventory transactions including warehouse
moves, transfers, issues, and returns, inventory count capabilities and
inventory reporting, and costing methods.
FIXED ASSETS The Fixed Assets module tracks fixed assets, maintains related financial
and accounting records and provides for flexible, unlimited depreciation
calendars, user-defined asset identification and make, model and number
descriptions. It can generate fixed asset information directly for the
Computron Financials/General Ledger. This will produce the data required
to update asset accounts, accumulated depreciation accounts,
depreciation expense accounts, disposition gain or loss accounts, and
relieve the appropriate FA clearing accounts. This update can then be
posted directly to the Computron Financials/General Ledger and with the
integrated reconciliation of GL and FA, can be easily monitored.
TIME AND EXPENSE PROJECT ACCOUNTING The Time and Expense Accounting module gives business and practice
managers complete control over billing time and expenses at every level
(client, engagement, project, office, responsible employee, etc.), as
well as multiple options for contract billing and revenue recognition.
On-line data entry, editing, and billing facilities ensure
up-to-the-minute accuracy and fast re-charging of time and expenses on
appropriate projects. This powerful management tool could help in
maximizing the productivity and profitability of all chargeable time and
services, as well as flexibility in defining revenue policies.
ENCUMBRANCE ACCOUNTING The Encumbrance Accounting module enables public sector and
not-for-profit accounting by enforcing strict controls over disburse-
ments and purchasing commitments to ensure that they do not exceed
budgeted amounts.
APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT TOOLSET The Application Development Toolset module provides a graphical-based
toolset enabling users to extend application data models, presentation,
and business rules, and manages customization of menu, user preferences,
security and other processing related characteristics.
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Computron Financials incorporates numerous international features, including
multi-currency and multi-national support capabilities and the ability to
support the numeric and date presentation, accounting standards and tax
calculations, such as value-added taxation of various countries. Computron
Financials is workflow and Internet-enabled.
COMPUTRON WORKFLOW
Computron Workflow automates various labor intensive functions (such as
customer service, accounts payable processing, accounts receivable processing
and claims processing) throughout large organizations. Computron Workflow can be
used as a stand-alone application or in conjunction with Computron Financials or
third-party applications. Computron Workflow is designed to improve the
productivity and efficiency of business processes within large organizations
that handle substantial quantities of transactions and activities on a
proceduralized basis. Computron Workflow enables users to develop systems that
automate their document processing and procedure, including on-line routing of
documents or transactions and customized sequencing of processing tasks
throughout an organization. Computron Workflow is Internet-enabled.
Computron Workflow consists of a series of modules including:
MODULE FEATURES
- --------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
WORKFLOW The Workflow module enables on-line, real-time management review and
optimization of business processes, allows for the fine-tuning and
adjustment of process handling and the audit and supervision of
productivity, and handles standard business and industry-specific
processes. This is accomplished with Computron's Process Design
Workbench, which utilizes Visio's graphical design tool to author and
maintain a workflow process. Computron also works with Interfacing
Technologies' FirstSTEP product to simulate and model the workflow
process that has been designed by the Process Design Workbench. The
Company is a member of the Workflow Management Coalition, and is
actively working with other members to develop a common set of WfMC APIs
for workflow products to promote industry-wide, cross-product
interoperability.
RECORDS MANAGEMENT The Records Management module provides batch or individual document
scanning and storage and is able to handle document input from a variety
of formats and sources, including COOL, fax transmissions, and optical
character recognition-based systems, and handles user-defined query and
retrieval functions. These functions are a subset of the Workflow
module.
COMPUTRON COOL
Computron COOL software, an industry leading COLD product, enhances access
to report data available throughout an enterprise by complementing on-line data
with information that is typically stored off-line in the report output of
various computing systems or stored on microfiche or on paper. Computron COOL
accesses data that is found in reports produced by the various computer systems
found in an enterprise, regardless of whether the reports were produced by a
mainframe, legacy, personal computer, or client/server computer system and
regardless of the application that generated the reports. Computron COOL can
function as a substitute for computer output to microfiche, an on-line report
viewer, a facility for downloading information from paper reports into
spreadsheets and other applications, or a data
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warehousing support tool, as well as a tool kit for "relating" information
extracted from disparate data sources.
Computron COOL software accesses data in report format produced from the
user's existing systems, and then indexes, compresses, and saves the data on
magnetic storage, CD, or optical disks. Computron COOL software then enables
users throughout an enterprise to retrieve the data simultaneously, to search
the report data on-line, as well as download selected data to spreadsheets or
word processing documents, and to print, fax, or otherwise make available all or
parts of the data on an easy-to-use basis on LAN, WAN, Intranet and Internet.
Computron COOL can function on a stand-alone basis and can be integrated with
Computron Financials, Computron Workflow, and Computron Yorvik, as well as with
the customer's own and third-party applications through the use of APIs provided
with the product. Computron COOL is Internet-enabled.
Computron COOL consists of a series of modules including:
MODULE FEATURES
- --------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMPUTRON COOL The original COOL solution evolved from COLD technology to replace
costly, inefficient microfiche and paper-based storage of text reports
with rapid storage, instant retrieval, and cost-effective distribution
of electronic data. This includes reports from mainframe, Legacy,
client/server, and PC-based systems, which can be displayed in their
original report formats.
COOL/APA-TM- This extends Computron COOL software's functionality with the ability to
closely simulate the original formats and graphics of so-called
"all-points-addressable" (APA) documents created in complex printer
languages such as Xerox Metacode, IBM Advanced Function Printing (AFP),
and Hewlett-Packard PCL5.
COOL NET-TM- This Java-based solution leverages the Internet, as well as intranets
and other enterprise networks, to deploy access to COOL archives to any
location around the world--to remote offices, to traveling executives,
and provides controlled access for vendor and client partners. COOL Net
software won a 1997 AIIM Best of Show Award for its unique "hot-link"
feature, through which COOL Net software integrates COOL archives with
the vast information resources available across the World Wide Web. COOL
Net software is automatically available to literally thousands of users
having a Java-enabled Web browser such as Netscape Navigator or
Microsoft Internet Explorer.
COOL DISTRIBUTOR-TM- This future version of COOL software is expected to leverage the compact
disk medium for high-volume, low-cost distribution and viewing of
massive amounts of information as processed and handled by COOL.
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MODULE FEATURES
- --------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
COOL DOCS-TM- The COOL Docs solution extends the COOL software's information
management functionality with a fully integrated framework and user
interface for desktop and enterprise documents. These documents include
not only word processor and spreadsheet files and standard COOL reports,
but even imaged documents. The COOL Docs solution allows imaged
documents, for instance, to be linked and cross-referenced to standard
COOL reports and other documents.
COOL/APIS-TM- The Computron COOL suite has been designed to integrate with other
business solutions on the desktop and the server as appropriate.
Computron's set of COOL/APIs is used to integrate COOL with custom
software.
COMPUTRON YORVIK
Yorvik software is a knowledge-based suite of integrated business
applications that address the maintenance, project management, inventory, and
purchasing operations. Its purpose is to provide the necessary tools, through
functional richness, to enable asset intensive, change-oriented organizations to
increase profitability by maximizing equipment uptime, increasing efficiencies
of large projects, reducing inventory costs and streamlining purchasing
processes. In addition to satisfying the needs of the above mentioned
operations, Yorvik software's internal workflow allows it to be configured to
satisfy many other types of "work" bringing added value to these companies.
Unlike the conventional Computerized Maintenance Management Systems available
today, Yorvik's software a knowledge-based Work Management System which,
together with Computron Financial applications, provides an integrated, single
source best-of-breed, enterprise solution.
Computron Yorvik software consists of a series of modules including:
MODULE FEATURES
- --------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT The Maintenance Management module helps organizations plan, schedule,
and manage work requirements and maintenance tasks that are critical to
keep operations running, such as daily, recurring, preventive, and
predictive maintenance work.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT Project Management is best for managing more complex long-term
jobs-those with several sub-projects, diverse resources, and thousands
of tasks, such as plant shutdowns or capital projects. Project
Management's powerful and sophisticated algorithms can process the
related variables, determine the optimal schedule for work, and help
monitor progress and costs along the way.
MATERIALS MANAGEMENT Materials Management automates inventory and warehousing functions and
integrates them with planning and purchasing processes, assuring that
materials are on hand when needed while maintaining minimum stock
levels.
PROCUREMENT Procurement helps users purchase material, services, and equipment from
a competent source at a competitive price. It also provides full control
over the timing of purchases because it is fully integrated with the
other Yorvik applications.
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Computron Yorvik software is an open systems client/server suite of
applications that is portable across major hardware and software platforms. It
runs on a variety of UNIX based platforms--Sun Microsystems, Inc. (Sun), Hewlett
Packard Corporation (HP), International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) and
Digital Equipment Corporation (Digital), as well as Intel--based servers running
Windows NT. The Yorvik software GUI client is a Microsoft Windows 95 or
Microsoft Windows NT application. Yorvik software is written in C++ and includes
a proprietary toolkit.
Yorvik software is flexible enough to meet an organization's business needs
regardless of industry. The added value Yorvik software offers an organization
is internal workflow for easily configurable systems, the functionality to
support business process reengineering, and an architecture that creates a fully
integrated resource and maintenance and materials management backbone. At the
heart of this backbone is a "virtual map" of the organization within the Yorvik
Facility/Equipment database. Yorvik software automates the planning and
management process, gathers all relevant resources, schedules multiple or
individual job steps, and generates reports including those related to cost
control.
PROFESSIONAL SERVICES
As of December 31, 1997, the Company had 190 employees providing customer
support and technical, consulting and training services. The Company's services
are described below.
CLIENT SUPPORT
The Company considers its Professional Services to be a major asset and key
differentiator from other vendors. With its 24-hour client support,
implementation certainty methodology, standard as well as customized training,
product certification, and its level of dedicated support, Computron has created
a professional services program to handle the needs of its customers. Support
for domestic U.S. clients is based out of the Company's corporate headquarters
in Rutherford, New Jersey. Major client support centers are also based in Essen,
London, Melbourne, Paris, Singapore, Sydney, Toronto and Warsaw. Annual
maintenance contracts are generally required for the first year of a customer's
use of the Company's products, and are renewable on an annual basis. The
maintenance contract entitles the customer to any product enhancements released
during the term of the contract. Maintenance fees vary depending on the hours of
hot-line support requested by the customer, and typically range between 15% and
20% of the fees from products under license.
The Company also provides management overview and product information
bulletins on an ongoing basis and periodic informational updates about installed
products. These bulletins generally answer commonly asked questions and provide
information about new product features. The Company also provides services for
the development of customized documentation about the customer's system to
reflect, among other things, user-defined modifications and specific business
logic and processes.
TECHNICAL SERVICES
The Company offers assistance in developing interfaces with third party
software or legacy systems. These services are designed to enable the
development of additional client-specific functionality. The Company also
provides network troubleshooting and assists its customers in deploying
client/server systems, RDBMS software, operating systems and telecommunications
programs. Such services are generally not directly related to the implementation
of the Company's products but relate to effective enterprise-wide solutions.
CONSULTING SERVICES
The Company's consulting services organization provides project assurance,
business systems review, technical design, functional design, business modeling,
system tailoring, system certification, change management and ongoing project
support in connection with customer implementation of the Company's
11
products. The Company also frequently works with third-party consultants and
system integrators to provide customers with a full range of installation,
customization and project management services.
EDUCATION SERVICES
The Company provides education services in North America through a
third-party agreement with Cap Gemini America, Inc. ("CGA"). Under this
agreement, CGA is responsible for the development and delivery of training
courses designed to familiarize users with the Company's products. A standard
schedule of courses is delivered at CGA's facilities with additional courses
delivered at other domestic and international locations on a periodic basis. A
course catalog and schedule are provided to the Company's customers. In addition
to regularly scheduled classroom training, CGA works with each customer to
develop tailored training courses for delivery at their site. The group also
provides standard courses at the customer's location. Training courses vary in
length from one to five days.
SALES AND MARKETING
The Company currently markets its products and services primarily through a
direct sales force in the United States and directly and indirectly in other
parts of the world. The Company conducts comprehensive marketing programs in the
United States which include telemarketing, public relations, direct mail,
advertising, seminars, trade shows and ongoing customer communications programs.
As of December 31, 1997, the Company's sales and marketing organization
consisted of 106 employees worldwide.
The Company's marketing efforts in the United States are conducted by a
direct sales force which is located at the Company's headquarters in Rutherford,
New Jersey, and in the Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, San Francisco and
Washington, D.C., metropolitan areas. The Company's U.S. marketing efforts are
supported by independent distributors and systems integrators. In addition, the
Company has established strategic alliances with hardware and software vendors.
Outside of the United States, the Company maintains sales and support
offices in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Poland, Singapore, and the United
Kingdom. In the past the Company has established distribution arrangements with
third parties around the world and continually evaluates future third party
arrangements.
STRATEGIC ALLIANCES
The Company has established strategic alliances and relationships with a
number of organizations that it believes are important to the development,
sales, marketing, integration, and support of its products. The Company's
relationships with software and hardware vendors, systems integrators and
consulting firms provide marketing and sales leads to the Company's direct sales
force and expand the distribution of its products. The Company's strategic
alliances and relationships also assist the Company in keeping pace with the
technological developments of major software and hardware vendors. The Company
intends to continue to develop its strategic alliances with leading hardware and
software vendors, consulting firms, systems integrators and distributors in the
future. The Company provides education services for its strategic business
partners.
SYSTEMS INTEGRATORS AND CONSULTANTS
The Company has established non-exclusive, formal and informal relationships
with systems integrators and consultants who are active in the selection and
implementation of information systems, including, but not limited to, CGA, and
certain big six accounting firms. In addition, the Company has established
relationships with independent distributors. By providing technical, consulting
and integration services for the Company's products, these companies expand the
ability of the Company to service and implement its products.
12
HARDWARE VENDORS
The Company has developed relationships with major hardware vendors such as
Compaq Computer, Data General, Digital Equipment, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Siemens
AG, and Sun Microsystems, Inc. These hardware vendors provide sales leads,
technical support and, in some cases, have funded the cost of porting the
Company's products to their hardware.
SOFTWARE VENDORS
The Company has established relationships with third-party software vendors
including Informix Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, Oracle Corporation, and
Sybase, Inc. These vendors provide sales leads, assist the Company in developing
the capability of the Company's products to interoperate with third-party
software and assist the Company in incorporating new technologies.
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
The Company has a dedicated product development and engineering organization
and has periodically released new products and enhancements to existing
products. Product development efforts are directed at increasing product
functionality, improving product performance, providing support to existing
products, expanding the capabilities of the products to interoperate with
third-party software and hardware and developing new products. In particular,
the Company has from time to time devoted substantial development resources to
develop additional modules for its products and the capability to support
additional platforms, databases, GUIs, toolsets and emerging technologies, such
as Intranet/Internet web-based access to applications. While the Company
anticipates that certain new products and enhancements will be developed
internally, the Company may acquire or license technology or software from third
parties when appropriate.
There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in developing
and marketing product enhancements or new products that respond to technological
change, changes in customer requirements, or emerging industry standards, that
the Company will not experience difficulties that could delay or prevent the
successful development, introduction and marketing of such products and
enhancements, or that any new products or enhancements that it may introduce
will achieve market acceptance. The inability of the Company, for technological
or other reasons, to develop and introduce new products or enhancements in a
timely manner in response to changing customer requirements, technological
change or emerging industry standards, would have a material adverse effect on
the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition. See
"Business--Risk Factors--New Products and Rapid Technological Change: Risk of
Product Defects, Development Delays and Lack of Market Acceptance."
As of December 31, 1997, the Company had 127 employees engaged in product
development and engineering.
COMPETITION
The financial applications and business software market is intensely
competitive and rapidly changing. A number of companies offer products similar
to the Company's products and target the same customers as the Company. The
Company believes its ability to compete depends upon many factors within and
outside its control, including the timing and market acceptance of new products
and enhancements developed by the Company and its competitors, product
functionality, performance, price, reliability, customer service and support,
sales and marketing efforts and product distribution. The primary competition
for Computron Financials are the financial applications software offered by
Oracle Corporation, PeopleSoft, Inc., SAP AG, and others. The principal
competitors for the Company's Computron Workflow and Computron COOL software are
Eastman Kodak Company ("Kodak"), which acquired the software division of Wang
Laboratories, Inc. ("Wang"), and FileNet Corporation. The principal competitors
for the
13
Company's Computron Yorvik--software are Project Software Development, Inc.
(PSDI), Indus International, Inc. (Indus) and others.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
The Company's success is heavily dependent upon its proprietary technologies
as well as products from third parties, software vendors, hardware vendors,
etc.. The Company regards its software as proprietary, and relies primarily on a
combination of contractual provisions and trade secrets, copyright and trademark
law to protect its proprietary rights. The Company has no patents or patent
applications pending, and existing trade secrets and copyright laws afford only
limited protection. Despite the Company's efforts to protect its proprietary
rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of the Company's
products or to obtain and use information that the Company regards as
proprietary. Policing unauthorized use of the Company's products is difficult,
and while the Company is unable to determine the extent to which piracy of its
software products exists, software piracy can be expected to be a persistent
problem. The Company makes source code available to certain of its customers
which may increase the likelihood of misappropriation or other misuse of the
Company's software. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not
protect the Company's proprietary rights to the same extent as do the laws of
the United States. There can be no assurance that the steps taken by the Company
to protect its proprietary rights will be adequate or that the Company's
competitors will not independently develop technologies that are substantially
equivalent or superior to the Company's technologies.
The Company does not believe that any of its products, trademarks or other
proprietary rights infringe the proprietary rights of third parties. However,
there can be no assurance that third parties will not assert infringement claims
against the Company in the future with respect to current or future products. As
the number of software products in the industry increases and the functionality
of these products further overlap, the Company believes that software developers
may become increasingly subject to infringement claims. Any such claims, with or
without merit, can be time consuming and expensive to defend, cause product
shipment delays or require the Company to enter into royalty or licensing
agreements. Such royalty and license agreements, if required, may not be
available on terms acceptable to the Company, or at all, which could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations and
financial condition.
The Company also licenses software from third parties which is incorporated
into its products. These licenses expire from time to time. In addition, the
Company generally does not have access to source code for the software supplied
by these third parties. Certain of these third parties are small companies that
do not have extensive financial and technical resources. If any of these
relationships were terminated or if any of these third parties were to cease
doing business, the Company may be forced to expend significant time and
development resources to replace the licensed software. Such an event would have
a material adverse effect upon the Company's business, results of operations and
financial condition.
The Company has obtained a Federal registration for its trademark
"Computron", and its application for a Federal registration for its trademark
"Yorvik" is pending in the United States. In addition the Company has certain
U.S. common law rights, and rights under foreign laws in relation to its
trademarks, service marks and product names. Although the Company believes that
the trademarks and service marks it uses are distinct, there can be no assurance
that the Company will be able to register or protect such trademarks and service
marks. See "Business--Risk Factors--Dependence on Proprietary Rights; Risks of
Infringement."
14
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1997, the Company had 504 full-time employees, 271 within
the United States and 233 outside the United States, including 127 in product
development and engineering, 190 in customer service and support, 106 in sales
and marketing, and 81 in finance, administration and executive management. The
Company's employees are not covered by any collective bargaining agreements. The
Company believes that its relations with its employees are good.
RISK FACTORS
HISTORY OF NET LOSSES
The Company incurred net losses of $8.6 million for 1995, $31.8 million for
1996, and $13.6 million for the year ended December 31, 1997. As of December 31,
1997, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $63.0 million. There can be no
assurance that the Company will be profitable in the future. The Company has
restated previously reported results for the years ended December 31, 1992,
1993, 1994 and 1995, including certain unaudited quarters therein and for each
of the three unaudited quarters ended September 30, 1996. See "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and
Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
POTENTIAL FOR SIGNIFICANT FLUCTUATIONS IN QUARTERLY OPERATING RESULTS;
SEASONALITY
The Company has experienced, and may in the future experience, significant
quarter to quarter fluctuations in revenues and results of operations. Such
fluctuations may result in volatility in the price of the Company's Common
Stock. Quarterly revenues and results of operations may fluctuate as a result of
a variety of factors, including the proportion of revenues attributable to
license fees versus services, the utilization of third parties to perform
services, the amount of revenue generated by resales of third party software,
changes in product mix, demand for the Company's products, the size and timing
of individual license transactions, the introduction of new products and product
enhancements by the Company or its competitors, changes in customer budgets,
competitive conditions in the industry and general economic conditions. Further,
the license of the Company's products generally involves a significant
commitment of capital by the customer and may be delayed due to time-consuming
authorization procedures within an organization. For these and other reasons,
the sales cycles for the Company's products are typically lengthy and subject to
a number of significant risks over which the Company has little or no control,
including customers' budgetary constraints and internal authorization reviews.
The Company has historically operated with little backlog, since its products
are generally shipped as orders are received. The Company has historically
recognized a substantial portion of its revenues in the last month of a quarter,
with these revenues frequently concentrated in the last week of the quarter.
License fees in any quarter are substantially dependent on orders booked and
shipped in the last month and last week of that quarter. Delays in the timing of
recognition of specific revenues may adversely and disproportionately affect the
Company's results of operations because a high percentage of the Company's
operating expenses are relatively fixed, planned expenditures are based
primarily on sales forecasts and only a small percentage of the Company's
operating expenses vary with its revenues. Accordingly, the Company believes
that period to period comparisons of results of operations are not necessarily
meaningful and should not be relied upon as an indication of future results of
operations. There can be no assurance that the Company will be profitable in any
future quarter.
The Company's business has experienced and is expected to continue to
experience significant seasonality, due in part to customer buying patterns.
These fluctuations are caused primarily by customer budgeting and purchasing
patterns, and by the Company's sales commission policies which generally
compensate sales personnel on the basis of quarterly and annual performance
quotas. The Company believes this pattern may continue in the future.
15
Due to the foregoing factors, the Company's operating results may be below
the expectations of public market analysts and investors, in some future
quarter. Such an event may have a material adverse effect on the price of the
Company's Common Stock. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations."
LITIGATION
During 1996, the Company and certain of its current and former officers and
directors were named as defendants in six civil suits filed as class actions on
behalf of individuals claiming to have purchased Computron Common Stock during
the time period from August 24, 1995, through January 27, 1997. The suits were
filed in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey and
have been consolidated by court order into one suit captioned IN RE COMPUTRON
SOFTWARE, INC. SECURITIES LITIGATION, Master File No-96-1911 (AJL). See "Item 3.
Legal Proceedings".
On March 6, 1998, the District Court issued a final order approving the
settlement of this class action securities litigation. The overall settlement
includes consideration totaling $15 million for the benefit of class members,
including $6 million of consideration from the Company, and payments from
certain of its present and former officers and directors, its former auditors,
and the insurance companies that provided Computron with directors and officers
liability insurance. In return for the payments by the insurance companies, the
settlement also resolves a separate lawsuit brought by the Company against the
insurance companies. As its share of the settlement, the Company paid $1 million
in cash, and will issue 1 million shares of Common Stock of the Company. The
Company recorded a charge to operations of $6 million during the quarter ended
September 30, 1997, reflecting the Company's share of the settlement costs,
excluding legal fees.
The class members will receive a non-transferable right to resell the stock
received in the settlement to a business trust formed by the Company at a price
of $5.00 per share. The trust was capitalized by a contribution of $5 million by
the Company in March 1998, which amount will be used to pay the claims of any
class members who receive stock in the settlement and exercise their right to
resell such stock to the trust according to the terms of the Stipulation of
Settlement. The resale right will expire at the end of the exercise period, or
earlier as to any shares issued in the settlement that are sold by class members
prior to the final day of the exercise period. The resale right will also expire
earlier than the exercise period if the closing price of the Company's Common
Stock is higher than $5.00 for 20 consecutive trading days.
Historically, the Company has been involved in other disputes and/or
litigation encountered in its normal course of business. The Company believes
that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations
or cash flows.
MANAGEMENT CHANGES
The Company experienced significant turnover of executive management during
1996 and early 1997. In February 1997, the Company added a number of key
officers, including its President and Chief Executive Officer and its Executive
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, and later in 1997 added its Senior
Vice President of Operations and Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing.
Failure to attract and maintain key management and employee personnel could have
material adverse effects on the quality of the Company's products, and the
Company's business and financial condition and results of operations.
REPORTING, OPERATING AND CONTROL ENVIRONMENT
In response to the management letters discussed below and recent operating
results, the Company hired senior executives with significant experience in the
software industry during 1997, and improved the financial and accounting
processes, controls, reporting systems, and procedures, which eliminated all
material weaknesses.
16
Following the audits of the Company's consolidated financial statements for
1994, 1995 and 1996, the Company received management letters from its former
independent public accountants, which enumerated material weaknesses in the
Company's financial and accounting processes, controls, reporting systems and
procedures. The Company's former independent public accountants highlighted the
Company's need for additional financial and accounting personnel with software
industry experience.
INTENSE COMPETITION
The financial applications and business software market is intensely
competitive and rapidly changing. A number of companies offer products similar
to the Company's products and target the same customers as the Company. The
Company believes its ability to compete depends upon many factors within and
outside its control, including the timing and market acceptance of new products
and enhancements developed by the Company and its competitors, product
functionality, performance, price, reliability, customer service and support,
sales and marketing efforts and product distribution. The primary competition
for Computron Financials is the financial applications software offered by
Oracle Corporation, PeopleSoft, Inc. and SAP AG. The principal competitors for
the Company's Computron Workflow and Computron COOL software are Eastman Kodak
Company ("Kodak"), which acquired the software division of Wang Laboratories,
Inc. ("Wang"), and FileNet Corporation. The principal competitors for the
Company's Computron Yorvik-TM- software are Project Software Development, Inc.
(PSDI), Indus International, Inc. (Indus) and others. The Company has an
agreement with Kodak pursuant to which Kodak has the right to license Computron
COOL software to third parties under its own private label and modify such
software. Most of the Company's competitors are substantially larger than the
Company and have significantly greater financial, technical, and marketing
resources, and extensive direct and indirect channels of distribution. As a
result, they may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies
and changes in customer requirements, or to devote greater resources to the
development, promotion and sale of their products than the Company. The
Company's products also compete with products offered by other vendors, and with
proprietary software developed by third-party professional service organizations
and management information systems departments of potential customers. Due to
the relatively low barriers to entry in the software market, the Company expects
additional competition from other established and emerging companies as the
client/server applications software market continues to develop and expand. The
Company also expects that competition will increase as a result of software
industry consolidations. In addition, current and potential competitors have
established or may establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with
third parties to increase the ability of their products to address the needs of
the Company's prospective customers. Accordingly, it is possible that new
competitors or alliances among competitors may emerge and rapidly acquire
significant market share. Increased competition is likely to result in price
reductions, reduced gross margins and loss of market share, any of which would
have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations
and financial condition. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able
to compete successfully against current or future competitors or that
competitive pressures will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, results of operations and financial condition. See "Business--
Competition."
DEPENDENCE ON PRINCIPAL PRODUCTS
Substantially all of the Company's revenues are derived from the licensing
of Computron Financials, Computron Workflow, Computron COOL, Computron Yorvik
and fees from related services. These products and services are expected to
continue to account for substantially all of the Company's revenues for the
foreseeable future. Accordingly, the Company's future results of operations will
depend, in part, on achieving broader market acceptance of these products and
services, as well as the Company's ability to continue to enhance these products
and services to meet the evolving needs of its customers. A reduction in demand
or increase in competition in the market for financial applications or business
software, or decline in sales of such products and services, could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's
17
business, results of operations and financial condition. See "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and
"Business--Products."
NEW PRODUCTS AND RAPID TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE; RISK OF PRODUCT DEFECTS,
DEVELOPMENT DELAYS AND LACK OF MARKET ACCEPTANCE
The financial applications and business software market is characterized by
rapid technological change, changes in customer requirements, frequent new
product introductions and enhancements and emerging industry standards. Such
changes may or may not affect the Company's software performance, customization,
reporting functionality, or other business objectives, and may or may not render
the Company incapable of meeting future customer software demands. The
introduction of products embodying new technologies and emergence of new
industry standards can render existing products obsolete and unmarketable.
Accordingly, the life cycles of the Company's products are difficult to
estimate. The Company's future success will depend in part upon its ability to
enhance its current products and to develop and introduce new products that
respond to evolving customer requirements and keep pace with technological
development and emerging industry standards, such as new operating systems,
hardware platforms, interfaces and third party applications software. There can
be no assurance that the Company will be successful in developing and marketing
product enhancements or new products that respond to technological change,
changes in customer requirements, or emerging industry standards, that the
Company will not experience difficulties that could delay or prevent the
successful development, introduction and marketing of such products and
enhancements, or that any new products or enhancements that it may introduce
will achieve market acceptance. The inability of the Company, for technological
or other reasons, to develop and introduce new products or enhancements in a
timely manner in response to changing customer requirements, technological
change or emerging industry standards, would have a material adverse effect on
the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition.
Software products as complex as those offered by the Company often encounter
development delays and may contain undetected errors or failures when introduced
or when new versions are released. Such delays, errors or failures create a risk
that the software will not meet its stated functionality and could cause the
Company's future operating results to fall short of the published expectations
of certain public market financial analysts. From time to time, the Company
ports its products to various, new platforms, though no assurance can be given
concerning the successful development of the Company's software products on
these additional platforms or the performance characteristics of its
applications. In addition, the Company and its products and technologies rely
upon third-party products from hardware vendors, software vendors, RDBMS
vendors, tools vendors, reporting products, etc. Such dependencies may or may
not affect the Company's ability in the future to provide continued availability
and/or support for all Computron products. The Company has in the past
experienced delays in the development of software by third parties which
software is being licensed to and implemented by customers who are
simultaneously licensing and implementing the Company's products. Those delays
have resulted in delays in the development and shipment of the Company's
products. There can be no assurance that, despite testing by the Company and by
current and potential customers, errors will not be found in new products or
enhancements after commencement of commercial shipments, or that the Company
will not experience development delays, resulting in loss of or delay in market
acceptance of a new product or enhancement, which could have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition.
See "Business--Product Development."
DEPENDENCE ON PROPRIETARY RIGHTS; RISKS OF INFRINGEMENT
The Company's success is heavily dependent upon its proprietary technology.
The Company regards its software as proprietary, and relies primarily on a
combination of contractual provisions and trade secrets, copyright and trademark
law to protect its proprietary rights. The Company has no patents or patent
applications pending, and existing trade secrets and copyright laws afford only
limited protection.
18
Despite the Company's efforts to protect its proprietary rights, unauthorized
parties may attempt to copy aspects of the Company's products or to obtain and
use information that the Company regards as proprietary. Policing unauthorized
use of the Company's products is difficult, and while the Company is unable to
determine the extent to which piracy of its software products exists, software
piracy can be expected to be a persistent problem. The Company makes source code
available to certain of its customers which may increase the likelihood of
misappropriation or other misuse of the Company's software. In addition, the
laws of some foreign countries do not protect the Company's proprietary rights
to the same extent as do the laws of the United States. There can be no
assurance that the steps taken by the Company to protect its proprietary rights
will be adequate or that the Company's competitors will not independently
develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to the
Company's technologies.
The Company has obtained a Federal registration for its trademark
"Computron", and its application for a Federal registration for its trademark
"Yorvik" is pending in the United States. In addition the Company has certain
U.S. common law rights, and rights under foreign laws in relation to its
trademarks, service marks and product names. Although the Company believes that
the trademarks and service marks it uses are distinct, there can be no assurance
that the Company will be able to register or protect such trademarks and service
marks.
The Company does not believe that any of its products, trademarks or other
proprietary rights infringe the proprietary rights of third parties. However,
there can be no assurance that third parties will not assert infringement claims
against the Company in the future with respect to current or future products. As
the number of software products in the industry increases and the functionality
of these products further overlap, the Company believes that software developers
may become increasingly subject to infringement claims. Any such claims, with or
without merit, can be time consuming and expensive to defend, cause product
shipment delays or require the Company to enter into royalty or licensing
agreements. Such royalty and license agreements, if required, may not be
available on terms acceptable to the Company, or at all, which could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations and
financial condition. See "Business--Intellectual Property."
SECURITY RISKS
The Company's products provide security features designed to protect its
users' data from unauthorized retrieval or modification. Its built in security
features utilize the capabilities of its own applications, the client operating
system software, as well as the security features contained in the RDBMS
platforms on which the applications run. Computron's systems add additional
capabilities to those provided by the underlying security systems. Though the
Company is not aware of any violations of its application security architecture
within its installed base, and its security features are subject to constant
review and enhancement, no assurances can be given concerning the successful
implementation of security features and their effectiveness within a customer's
operating environment. In the event of an actual security breach, there may be a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations, and
financial condition.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
The Company derived approximately $14.2 million, $21.3 million and $29.4
million or, 26.9%, 39.2% and 43.4% of its total revenues, from customers outside
of the United States in 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively. The Company expects
that such revenues will continue to represent a significant percentage of its
total revenues in the future. The Company believes that its continued growth and
profitability will require expansion of its sales in international markets. The
Company intends to continue to expand its operations outside of the United
States and enter additional international markets, which will require
significant management attention and financial resources. There can be no
assurance, however, that the Company will be able to maintain or increase
international market demand for its products and services. Most of the Company's
international license fees and services revenue are denominated in foreign
currencies. Decreases in the value of foreign currencies relative to the U.S.
dollar could result in losses
19
from foreign currency translations. The Company does not currently hedge its
foreign exchange exposure. With respect to the Company's sales that are U.S.
dollar-denominated, decreases in the value of foreign currencies relative to the
U.S. dollar could make the Company's products less price competitive. Additional
risks inherent in the Company's international business activities generally
include unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs and other trade
barriers, costs of localizing products for foreign countries, lack of acceptance
of localized products in foreign markets, longer accounts receivable payment
cycles, difficulties in managing international operations, potentially adverse
tax consequences, restrictions on repatriation of earnings, reduced legal
protection of the Company's intellectual property, and the burdens of complying
with a wide variety of foreign laws. There can be no assurance that such factors
will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's future international
revenues and, consequently, on the Company's business, results of operations and
financial condition. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations."
EXPANSION OF INDIRECT CHANNELS
An integral part of the Company's strategy is to expand indirect marketing
channels using systems integrators and to increase the proportion of the
Company's customers licensed through such indirect channels. The Company is
currently investing, and intends to continue to invest, significant resources to
develop indirect marketing channels. There can be no assurance that the Company
will be able to attract and maintain relationships with systems integrators that
will be able to market the Company's products effectively and will be qualified
to provide timely and cost-effective customer support and service. The Company's
agreements with such third parties are generally not exclusive and many of those
third parties also market competitive products. In many cases, these agreements
may be terminated by either party at any time without cause. The inability to
attract and retain systems integrators could have a material adverse effect on
the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition. See
"Business-- Sales and Marketing" and "Strategic Alliances."
RELIANCE ON CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS
The Company relies on relationships with a number of consultants, systems
integrators and software and hardware vendors to enhance its product development
and marketing and sales efforts, to implement the Company's software products
and to support its customers. These relationships, many of which are not the
subject of formal written agreements, provide marketing and sales leads to the
Company's direct sales force, assistance in the Company's product development
process and assistance in the service and implementation of the Company's
products. There can be no assurance that these companies, most of which have
significantly greater financial and marketing resources than the Company, will
not develop or market software products which compete with the Company's
products in the future or will not otherwise discontinue their relationships
with or support of the Company. The failure by the Company to maintain its
existing relationships, or to establish new relationships in the future, because
of a divergence of interests, acquisition of one or more of these third parties
or other reason, could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
product development, results of operations, and financial condition.
The Company also licenses software from third parties which is incorporated
into its products. These licenses expire from time to time. In addition, the
Company generally does not have access to source code for the software supplied
by these third parties. Certain of these third parties are small companies that
do not have extensive financial and technical resources. If any of these
relationships were terminated or if any of these third parties were to cease
doing business or terminate the support of these products, the Company may be
forced to expend significant time and development resources to try to replace
the licensed software. Such an event would have a material adverse effect upon
the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition. See
"Business--Strategic Alliances," and "Intellectual Property."
20
CONTROL BY EXISTING STOCKHOLDERS
The Company's executive officers, directors and affiliates together
beneficially own approximately 58% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock as
of March 6, 1998. As a result, these stockholders are able to exercise control
over matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of
directors, and mergers, consolidations and sales of all or substantially all of
the assets of the Company. This may prevent or discourage tender offers for the
Company's Common Stock unless the terms are approved by such stockholders.
RELIANCE ON KEY PERSONNEL
The Company's future success will depend to a significant extent upon a
number of key management and technical personnel. The loss of the services of
one or more key employees could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business. The Company is a party to employment agreements with certain key
personnel. In addition, the Company is the beneficiary of key-person life
insurance on the lives of certain key personnel. The Company believes that its
future success will also depend in large part upon its ability to attract and
retain highly skilled technical, management, sales and marketing personnel.
Competition for such personnel is intense, and the services of qualified
personnel are difficult to obtain and replace. There can be no assurance that
the Company will be successful in attracting and retaining the personnel
necessary to develop, market, service and support its products and conduct its
operations successfully. The inability of the Company to attract, hire,
assimilate and retain such personnel, or to increase revenues at a rate
sufficient to absorb the resulting increased expenses, would have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations and financial
condition.
POSSIBLE VOLATILITY OF STOCK PRICE
The trading price of the Company's Common Stock has been, and, in the future
could be, subject to significant fluctuations in response to variations in
quarterly operating results, the gain or loss of significant contracts, changes
in earning estimates by analysts, announcements of technological innovations or
new products by the Company or its competitors, general conditions in the
software and computer industries and other events or factors. In addition, the
stock market in general has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations
which have affected the market price from many companies in industries similar
or related to that of the Company and which have been unrelated to the operating
performance of such companies. These market fluctuations may adversely affect
the market price of the Company's Common Stock.
ANTI-TAKEOVER EFFECT OF CERTAIN CHARTER AND BY-LAW PROVISIONS AND DELAWARE LAW
The Company's Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
authorizes the Board of Directors to issue, without stockholder approval,
5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock with voting, conversion and other rights and
preferences that could materially and adversely affect the voting power or other
rights of the holders of Common Stock. Although the Company has no current plans
to issue any shares of Preferred Stock, the issuance of Preferred Stock or of
rights to purchase Preferred Stock could be used to discourage an unsolicited
acquisition proposal. In addition, the possible issuance of Preferred Stock
could discourage a proxy contest, make more difficult the acquisition of a
substantial block of the Company's Common Stock or limit the price that
investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of the Company's
Common Stock. Certain provisions of the Company's by-laws and of Delaware law
applicable to the Company could delay or make more difficult a merger, tender
offer or proxy contest involving the Company.
21
ABSENCE OF DIVIDENDS
The Company has never paid or declared any cash dividends and does not
anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. The Company
currently intends to retain any future earnings for use in its business.
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND KEY MANAGEMENT EMPLOYEES
The current directors, executive officers and key management employees of
the Company as of March 6, 1998, are as follows:
NAME AGE POSITION
- -------------------------------------------- --- --------------------------------------------------------------
Elias Typaldos.............................. 47 Chairman of the Board and Senior Vice President, Research and
Development
John A. Rade................................ 63 President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director
Michael R. Jorgensen........................ 45 Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and
Treasurer
Gennaro Vendome............................. 51 Vice President, Eastern Region and Director
Jean-Louis Nives............................ 39 Senior Vice President, Sales and Marketing for North America
Gregory Groom............................... 49 Senior Vice President of Business Operations
Alex Plavocos............................... 51 Vice President, Marketing
William H. Burke............................ 36 Vice President, Finance and Administration
Robert Nishi................................ 37 Vice President, Product Marketing
Gregory Kopchinsky(2)....................... 46 Director
Robert Migliorino(1)........................ 47 Director
Michel Berty(1)............................. 58 Director
William E. Vogel(2)......................... 60 Director
Edwin T. Brondo(1).......................... 50 Director
- ------------------------
(1) Member of the Audit Committee
(2) Member of the Compensation Committee
ELIAS TYPALDOS, a founder of the Company, has been Senior Vice President,
Research and Development and a director since the Company's formation in 1978,
and Chairman of the Board since March 1997.
JOHN A. RADE joined the Company as a Director, President and Chief Executive
Officer in February 1997. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Rade, was from
April, 1995, a Vice President of American Management Systems, Inc. and was also
still active at S-Cubed International, a company in the client server system
development and consulting market, which he founded in February 1990.
MICHAEL R. JORGENSEN joined the Company as Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary in February 1997. Prior to
joining the Company, from June 1993 to December 1996, Mr. Jorgensen was Senior
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Ground Round Restaurants, Inc., a
publicly-held chain of family restaurants. Prior to that, from March 1992, to
April 1993, he was Vice President/Finance-Middle East of Alghanim Industries.
Mr. Jorgensen was Chief Financial Officer of International Proteins Corporation
from May 1988 to September 1991.
GENNARO VENDOME, a founder of the Company, has been a Vice President and
director since the Company's formation in 1978. Mr. Vendome was Treasurer of the
Company from 1981 until 1991 and Secretary of the Company from 1982 until 1991.
JEAN-LOUIS NIVES joined the Company in December 1997 as Senior Vice
President of Sales and Marketing for North America. Prior to joining the
Company, Mr. Nives held various executive positions at
22
Information Resources, Inc./IRI Software, and most recently served as Executive
Vice President, Software Product Management.
GREGORY GROOM joined the Company in October 1997 as Senior Vice President of
Business Operations. Mr. Groom was in charge of Channel Marketing from October
1996 to September 1997 for Healtheon, Inc., an Internet solutions provider.
Prior to October 1996, Mr. Groom was the Technology and Administrative Systems
Practice Leader at Watson Wyatt Worldwide, a benefits consulting firm.
ALEX PLAVOCOS joined the Company in June 1994 as Vice President, Marketing.
From July 1991 to June 1994, Mr. Plavocos was Director of Corporate Marketing
for Information Builders Inc., a software company. Mr. Plavocos held various
marketing positions with Applied Data Research/Computer Associates, a software
company, from November 1983 to June 1991.
WILLIAM H. BURKE joined the Company as Vice President, Finance and
Administration in February 1997. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Burke was a
Senior Manager with the international accounting firm of Arthur Andersen LLP,
specializing in technology related industries. Mr. Burke was employed by Arthur
Andersen from January 1985 to February 1997, and is a Certified Public
Accountant.
GREGORY KOPCHINSKY has been a director since 1994. Mr. Kopchinsky is a
partner of the venture capital partnership Canaan Partners, which through its
affiliates is a principal stockholder of the Company. Mr. Kopchinsky joined
Canaan Partners as a General Partner in 1990. From 1984 to 1990, he was a Vice
President at J.P. Morgan with principal responsibility for private debt and
equity financings. Prior to joining J.P. Morgan, Mr. Kopchinsky was an attorney
with Davis Polk & Wardwell specializing in complex financing transactions.
ROBERT MIGLIORINO has been a director since 1991. Mr. Migliorino is a
founding partner of the venture capital partnership Canaan Partners, which
through its affiliates is a principal stockholder of the Company. Prior to
establishing Canaan Partners in 1987, he spent 15 years with General Electric
Co. in their Drive Systems, Industrial Control, Power Delivery, Information
Services and Venture Capital businesses.
MICHEL BERTY has been a director since August 1996. From September 1992
until March 1997, Mr. Berty was the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Cap
Gemini America (CGA), the U.S. subsidiary of The Cap Gemini Group, an
international information technology consulting organization. Prior to that, Mr.
Berty was General Secretary at Cap Gemini Sogeti Group, from 1986 to September
1992.
WILLIAM E. VOGEL has been a director since August 1996. Since 1971, Mr.
Vogel has been Chief Executive Officer of Centennial Financial Group, Inc.,
which is the parent of Centennial Life Insurance Company. He has also been the
Chief Executive Officer of W.S. Vogel Agency, Inc. since 1961.
EDWIN T. BRONDO has been a director since May 1997. Mr. Brondo is currently
a management and financial consultant. Mr. Brondo was Chief Administrative
Officer and Senior Vice President of First Albany Companies, Inc. from June 1993
until December 1997. From June 1992 to June 1993 he was a Financial Management
Consultant at Comtex Information Systems, Inc., a software consulting firm. He
also held positions at Goldman, Sachs & Co., Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc. and
Bankers Trust Company.
ROBERT NISHI joined the Company in August 1986 as Manager of Consulting, was
promoted in 1991 to Director of National Sales Support, and became Vice
President, Product Marketing in January 1998.
Each of the Directors shall be subject to re-election at the 1998 Annual
Stockholders meeting.
23
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
FACILITIES
The Company's corporate headquarters are located in Rutherford, New Jersey
in leased facilities consisting of 40,000 square feet of office space
(approximately 48,800 square feet beginning in January 1998) occupied under a
lease expiring in December 2002 with an option to renew the lease for one
additional three-year period. The Company leases additional facilities and
offices, including facilities located in the Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, San
Francisco, Dallas, Mississauga and Toronto, Canada and Washington, D.C.
metropolitan areas. The Company also leases sales and support offices outside of
North America in Australia, France, Germany, Poland, Singapore, and the United
Kingdom. While the Company believes that its facilities are adequate for its
present needs, the Company is consistently reviewing its needs and may add
facilities in the future. The Company believes that additional space would be
available on commercially reasonable terms.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
On March 6, 1998 the District Court issued a final order approving a
settlement in the class action securities litigation, IN RE COMPUTRON SOFTWARE,
INC. SECURITIES LITIGATION, Master File No. 96-1911 (AJL), brought against the
Company and certain of its present and former officers and directors in the
United States District Court for the District of New Jersey.
The overall settlement includes consideration totaling $15 million for the
benefit of class members, including consideration of $6 million from the
Company, and payments from certain of its present and former officers and
directors, its former auditors, and the insurance companies that provided
Computron with directors and officers liability insurance. In return for the
payments by the insurance companies, the settlement also resolves a separate
lawsuit brought by the Company against the insurance companies. As its share of
the settlement, the Company has paid $1 million in cash, and will issue 1
million shares of Common Stock of the Company.
Class members will receive a non-transferable right to resell the stock
received in the settlement to a business trust formed by the Company at a price
of $5.00 per share. The trust was capitalized by a contribution of $5 million by
the Company in March of 1998, which will be used to pay the claims of any class
members who receive stock in the settlement and exercise their right to resell
such stock to the trust according to the terms of the Stipulation of Settlement.
The exercise period during which class members may resell these shares to the
trust will be December 1, 1998 to December 21, 1998, or a later period if all
necessary court proceedings have not been completed by November 1, 1998. The
resale right will expire at the end of the exercise period, or earlier, as to
any shares issued in the settlement that are sold by class members prior to the
final day of the exercise period. The resale right will also expire earlier than
the exercise period if the closing price of Computron's Common Stock is higher
than $5.00 per share for 20 consecutive trading days. The company recorded a
charge to operations of $6 million during the quarter ended September 30, 1997,
reflecting the Company's share of the settlement costs, excluding legal fees.
Historically, the Company has been involved in other disputes and/or
litigation encountered in its normal course of business. The Company believes
that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations
or cash flows.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth
quarter of 1997.
24
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS
The Company's Common Stock was traded on Nasdaq under the symbol "CTRN" from
August 24, 1995 until January 27, 1997. From January 27, 1997 until November 11,
1997, the Company's Common Stock was traded on the over-the-counter market in
the "pink sheets" and on the NASD's "Electronic Bulletin Board." On November 12,
1997, the Company's Common Stock began trading on the American Stock Exchange
under the symbol "CFW."
The following table lists the high and low sales prices for the periods set
forth below:
PERIOD HIGH LOW
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --------- ---------
1996
First quarter................................................................. 18 6 1/8
Second quarter................................................................ 6 1/8 4 1/4
Third quarter................................................................. 5 1/8 3 1/2
Fourth quarter................................................................ 3 1/2 1 1/2
1997
First quarter................................................................. 2 15/16 1/2
Second quarter................................................................ 2 7/8
Third quarter................................................................. 1 13/16 1 3/8
Fourth quarter................................................................ 4 7/8 1 13/32
As of March 6, 1998, the approximate number of record holders of the
Company's Common Stock was 134.
The Company has never paid cash dividends on its capital stock. The Company
currently intends to retain any earnings for use in its business and does not
anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
On December 31, 1997, in reliance on the exemption from the registration
requirements of the Securities Act, pursuant to Regulation S thereunder, the
Company completed the offer and sale of 1,535,140 shares of Common Stock and
383,785 warrants, each warrant exercisable for one share of Common Stock for
$3.00, subject to adjustment, during the 5 years ending December 31, 2002, (the
"Warrants"), for an aggregate consideration of $3,070,280. On December 31, 1997,
the Company also completed the offer and sale of 1,402,360 shares of Common
Stock and 350,590 Warrants in reliance on the exemption from the registration
requirements of the Securities Act, pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities
Act and Regulation D thereunder, for an aggregate consideration of $2,804,720.
ITEM 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The selected consolidated financial data set forth below for the years ended
December 31, 1993, 1994 and 1995 (as restated) and 1996 and 1997 have been
derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company. The
consolidated statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 1995
(as restated), 1996 and 1997, and the consolidated balance sheet data for the
years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997 are derived from, and are qualified by
reference to, the audited consolidated financial statements, and the related
notes thereto included elsewhere in this report. The selected consolidated
financial data set forth below should be read in conjunction with "Management's
Discussion
25
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and the
consolidated financial statements of the Company, as restated, and related notes
thereto included elsewhere in this report.
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------------------------
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA(1):
Revenues:
License fees............................................. $ 12,694 $ 20,615 $ 33,766 $ 17,625 $ 20,372
Services................................................. 10,894 11,858 19,029 36,770 47,219
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total revenues....................................... 23,588 32,473 52,795 54,395 67,591
Operating expenses:
Cost of license fees..................................... 850 2,447 4,673 2,634 2,004
Cost of services......................................... 6,935 7,738 12,988 28,255 27,584
Sales and marketing...................................... 8,788 11,845 19,387 24,181 16,272
Research and development................................. 4,685 6,888 9,651 11,872 10,047
General and administrative............................... 5,668 5,607 11,269 20,014 16,467
Purchased research and development....................... -- -- 3,797 -- --
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total operating expenses............................. 26,926 34,525 61,765 86,956 72,374
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Operating loss............................................. (3,338) (2,052) (8,970) (32,561) (4,783)
Other income (expense)
Costs related to settlement of class action litigation... -- -- -- (758) (9,591)
Other.................................................... (203) (206) 742 1,572 745
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total other income (expense)............................... (203) (206) 742 814 (8,846)
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Loss before income tax provision........................... (3,541) (2,258) (8,228) (31,747) (13,629)
Income tax provision....................................... 323 150 350 100 16
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net loss................................................... $ (3,864) $ (2,408) $ (8,578) $ (31,847) $ (13,645)
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net loss per common share (1995 pro-forma)................. $ (0.46) $ (1.53) $ (0.65)
--------- --------- ---------
--------- --------- ---------
Shares used in net loss per common share computation
(pro-forma 1995)......................................... 18,809 20,787 20,834
--------- --------- ---------
--------- --------- ---------
AS OF DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------------------------
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
(IN THOUSANDS)
BALANCE SHEET DATA(1):
Cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments and
restricted cash.......................................... $ 4,554 $ 16,302 $ 46,651 $ 23,884 $ 12,597
Working capital............................................ 1,619 7,688 40,450 4,358 2,767
Total assets............................................... 16,119 35,075 71,367 56,693 35,598
Total debt and capital lease obligations................... 5,183 6,496 820 2,005 94
Common stock subject to repurchase......................... -- -- -- -- 5,000
Redeemable convertible preferred stock..................... 14,611 40,038 -- -- --
Total stockholders' equity (deficit)....................... (10,907) (28,782) 46,398 14,742 6,095
- ------------------------
(1) The consolidated financial data for 1993 through 1995 has been restated. See
Note 2 of Consolidated Financial Statements.
26
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated
Financial Statements and Notes thereto, as restated, and is qualified in its
entirety by reference thereto.
This Report contains statements of a forward-looking nature within the
meaning of the safe harbor provisions of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended, relating to future events or the future financial
performance of the Company. Investors are cautioned that such statements are
only predictions and that actual events or results may differ materially. In
evaluating such statements, investors should specifically consider the various
factors identified in this Report which could cause actual results to differ
materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements, including
the matters set forth in "Business--Risk Factors."
OVERVIEW
The Company was founded in 1978 as a developer of custom financial software
for mission-critical applications in large organizations, primarily financial
institutions. In the early 1980's, the Company developed financial software for
legacy platforms and introduced sophisticated enterprise-wide financial
software. Identifying the need for client/server financial software applications
in the late 1980's, the Company commenced the re-architecture of its financial
software and began the development and deployment of new products, specifically
a workflow and document management product. In 1993, the Company introduced
Computron Financials and Computron Workflow, the client/server versions of its
financial and workflow products. Computron COOL was introduced in the latter
half of 1993. Since 1994, the Company has released versions of its products with
the capability to interoperate with popular RDBMS software. During the fourth
quarter of 1995, the Company acquired the rights to its Computron Yorvik
software.
During 1996, the Company acquired the Financial Services Division of
Generale de Service Informatique (GSI) based in Paris, France, and a portion of
the business and assets of AT&T Istel and Co., GMBH, in Essen, Germany. These
operations primarily provide software products and services in their respective
countries.
The Company's revenues are derived from license fees and services. Revenues
for services and training are recognized upon performance of the services. The
Company's license agreements generally do not provide a right of return.
Historically, the Company's backlog has not been substantial, since products are
generally shipped as orders are received.
The Company has experienced, and may in the future experience, significant
fluctuations in its quarterly and annual revenues and results of operations. The
Company believes that domestic and international operating results will continue
to fluctuate significantly in the future as a result of a variety of factors,
including the timing of revenue recognition related to significant license
agreements, the lengthy sales cycle for the Company's products, the proportion
of revenues attributable to license fees versus services, the utilization of
third parties to perform services, the amount of revenue generated by resales of
third party software, changes in product mix, demand for the Company's products,
the size and timing of individual license transactions, the introduction of new
products and product enhancements by the Company or its competitors, changes in
customers' budgets, competitive conditions in the industry and general economic
conditions. For a description of certain factors which may affect the Company's
operating results, see "Business--Risk Factors--Potential for Significant
Fluctuations in Operating Results; Seasonality."
Following the audits of the Company's consolidated financial statements for
1994, 1995 and 1996 the Company received management letters from its former
independent public accountants, which enumerated material weaknesses in the
Company's financial and accounting processes, controls, reporting systems
27
and procedures. The Company's former independent public accountants highlighted
the Company's need for additional financial and accounting personnel with
software industry experience. In response to the management letters and recent
operating results, during 1997 the Company hired senior executives with
significant experience in the software industry, and improved the financial and
accounting process, controls, reporting systems and procedures, which eliminated
all material weaknesses.
The Company has restated its consolidated financial statements for each of
the four years in the period ended December 31, 1995 and certain unaudited
quarters therein and for each of the three unaudited quarters ended September
30, 1996. (See Note 2 of Consolidated Financial Statements.) The Company
incurred net losses of $8.6 million for 1995, $31.8 million for 1996, and $13.6
million for the year ended December 31, 1997. The 1997 results include $9.6
million of costs related to class action litigation. The Company reached a final
settlement in March 1998 whereby the Company is required to pay $6 million in
consideration. See "Item 3. Legal Proceedings."
In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued
SFAS No.130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income" ("SFAS 130"). SFAS 130 establishes
standards for reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components
in the financial statements. SFAS 130 is effective for fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 1997. Reclassification of financial statements for earlier
periods provided for comparative purposes is required. The adoption of SFAS 130
will have no impact on the Company's consolidated results of operations,
financial position or cash flows.
In June 1997, the FASB issued SFAS No. 131, "Disclosure about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information" ("SFAS 131"). SFAS 131 establishes standards
for the way public business enterprises report information about operating
segments in annual financial statements and requires that those enterprises
report selected information about reporting segments in interim financial
reports issued to shareholders. It also establishes standards for related
disclosures about products and services, geographic areas and major customers.
SFAS 131 is effective for financial statements for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 1997, and the Company will comply beginning with year-end 1998
results. Financial statement disclosures for prior periods are required to be
restated. The Company is in the process of evaluating the disclosure
requirements. The adoption of SFAS 131 will have no impact on the Company's
consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
The Company is conducting a comprehensive review of its computer systems to
identify those that could be affected by the "Year 2000" issue, and is
developing an implementation plan to resolve the issue. The Year 2000 issue is
the result of computer programs being written using two digits rather than four
to define the applicable year. Any of the Company's programs that have
time-sensitive software may recognize a date using "00" in the last two places
as the year 1900 rather than the year 2000. This could result in a major system
failure or miscalculations. Based on the fact that the majority of the Company
uses a current version of its own financial software, which is Year 2000
compliant, the Year 2000 issue will not pose significant operational problems
for the Company's computer systems. However, if problems are not discovered and
rectified on a timely basis, the Year 2000 issue may have a material impact on
the operations of the Company.
28
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth for the periods indicated, certain operating
data as a percentage of total revenues:
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
--------- --------- ---------
Revenues:
License fees..................................................................... 64.0% 32.4% 30.1%
Services......................................................................... 36.0 67.6 69.9
--------- --------- ---------
Total revenues............................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0
Operating expenses:
Cost of license fees............................................................. 8.9 4.8 3.0
Cost of services................................................................. 24.6 52.0 40.8
Sales and marketing.............................................................. 36.7 44.5 24.1
Research & development........................................................... 18.3 21.8 14.9
General and administrative....................................................... 21.3 36.8 24.3
Purchased research and development............................................... 7.2 -- --
--------- --------- ---------
Total operating expenses..................................................... 117.0 159.9 107.1
--------- --------- ---------
Operating loss..................................................................... (17.0) (59.9) (7.1)
--------- --------- ---------
Other income (expense)............................................................. 1.4 1.5 (13.1)
--------- --------- ---------
Loss before income tax provision................................................... (15.6) (58.4) (20.2)
Income tax provision............................................................... 0.7 0.1 --
--------- --------- ---------
Net loss........................................................................... (16.3)% (58.5)% (20.2)%
--------- --------- ---------
--------- --------- ---------
TOTAL REVENUES
The Company's revenues are derived from license fees and services. Total
revenues increased from $52.8 million in 1995 to $54.4 million in 1996, and to
$67.6 million in 1997 representing increases of 3.0% and 24.3%, respectively. In
1996, services revenue experienced significant growth due in part to the
acquisition of operations in France and Germany. During 1996 and 1997 these
operations contributed $9.7 million and $12.7 million, respectively, of total
revenues since their respective dates of acquisition. License fees declined
significantly in 1996 due in part to uncertainties caused by the Company's
failure to meet earnings expectations, the Company's pending litigation, and
turnover of executive management. Total revenue increased during 1997 as both
license fees and services revenue increased and maintenance fees increased due
to a larger installed base. During 1997, the Company made significant progress
removing the uncertainties effecting operations, including the hiring of an
experienced executive management team, restating prior period financial
statements, relisting the Company's Common Stock, reaching a preliminary
settlement on class action litigation (which was judicially approved in March
1998) and raising approximately $6 million in a private placement. One customer
accounted for 10.0% of the Company's total revenues in 1995.
The Company derived approximately $14.2 million, $21.3 million and $27.9
million or 26.9%, 39.2% and 43.4% of its total revenues, from customers outside
of the United States in 1995, 1996 and 1997, respectively. The Company expects
that revenues derived from such customers will continue to represent a
significant percentage of its total revenues in the future.
29
LICENSE FEES
License fees include revenues from software license agreements entered into
between the Company and its customers with respect to both the Company's
products and third party products resold by the Company. License fees decreased
47.8% from 1995 to 1996, and increased 15.6% from 1996 to 1997. The 1996
decrease was attributable, in part, to uncertainties caused by the Company's
failure to meet earnings expectations, the Company's pending litigation, and
turnover of executive management. For 1995, license fee revenues included the
payment to the Company of a non-refundable source code and fully paid-up license
fee in the amount of approximately $3.7 million pursuant to the Company's
agreement with Wang. The increase in 1997 included license revenue of $3.5
million from one customer or 17.2% of total license revenue for the year.
SERVICES REVENUE
Services revenue includes fees from software maintenance agreements,
training, installation and consulting services. Maintenance fees, including
first year maintenance, are billed separately and are recognized ratably over
the period of the maintenance agreement. Training and consulting service
revenues are recognized as the services are performed. Services revenue
increased 93.2% from 1995 to 1996, and 28.4% from 1996 to 1997. Service revenues
totaling $9.7 million and $11.3 million in 1996 and 1997, reported from the
Company's acquired operations in France and Germany, accounted for 54.7% of the
$17.7 million growth in 1996, and 15.3% of the $10.4 million growth in 1997. The
remaining increases in services revenue in 1996 and 1997, were attributable
primarily to increased training and consulting services which resulted from the
increased number of customers licensing the Company's products and increased
maintenance revenues related to a larger installed base of the Company's
products.
COST OF LICENSE FEES
Cost of license fees consists primarily of amounts paid to third parties
with respect to products resold by the Company in conjunction with licensing of
the Company's products, amortization of capitalized software development costs,
and, to a lesser extent, the costs of documentation. The first two elements can
vary substantially from period to period while the third element remains
relatively stable as a percentage of license fees.
Cost of license fees decreased from $4.7 million in 1995 to $2.6 million in
1996 and decreased to $2.0 million in 1997. These costs represented 13.8%, 14.9%
and 9.8% of license fees in 1995, 1996 and 1997, respectively. The cost of
license fees as a percentage of revenue increased from 1995 to 1996 due
primarily to decreased license revenue without a corresponding decrease in the
amortization of capitalized software development costs. The decrease from 1996
to 1997 resulted mainly from a decrease of the third party software resold to
customers.
COST OF SERVICES
Cost of services consists primarily of personnel costs for training,
consulting and customer support and related non-reimbursed travel costs, and
costs of training third party service and support organizations for the
Company's products. Total service costs increased from $13.0 million in 1995 to
$28.3 million in 1996 and decreased to $27.6 million in 1997 and represented
68.3%, 76.8% and 58.4% of service revenues in 1995, 1996, and 1997,
respectively. During 1996, the cost of services as a percentage of service
revenues increased as a result of increases in personnel costs without
corresponding billings and an increase in non-chargeable management staff. The
Company significantly expanded its customer service resources, including
telephone support, account management staff and third party consulting in 1996,
and as a result the dollar cost of services expenditures increased
substantially. Approximately $7.4 million of the increase of cost of services
for 1996 related to the Company's recent acquisitions in France and Germany.
During 1997, the cost of services as a percentage of service revenues decreased
as a result of higher utilization
30
rates, efficiencies obtained through the outsourcing of training services and
significant increase in maintenance revenue for which there are lower associated
customer support costs as compared to implementations and consulting activities.
SALES AND MARKETING
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries, commissions and
bonuses paid to sales and marketing personnel and travel and promotional
expenses. Sales and marketing expenses increased from $19.4 million in 1995 to
$24.2 million in 1996, and decreased to $16.3 million in 1997, and represented
57.4%, 137.2% and 79.9% of total license fee revenues, respectively. In 1995 and
early 1996 the Company significantly increased its sales and marketing expense,
due primarily to substantial hiring and increased sales commissions, and
advertising costs. Approximately $4.4 million of the increase in 1996 relates to
increased sales and marketing expenses in the Company's foreign locations, of
which $0.8 million is attributable to newly acquired operations. Sales and
marketing expenses decreased substantially during 1997 due primarily to a
decrease in personnel and advertising programs.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Research and development expenses consist primarily of research and
development personnel costs, costs of equipment, facilities and third party
software development costs. Research and development expenses are generally
charged to operations as incurred. However, certain software development costs
are capitalized in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 86. Such capitalized software development costs are generally amortized over
periods not exceeding three years.
Software research and development expenses (net of capitalized software
development costs) increased from $9.7 million in 1995 to, $11.9 million in 1996
and decreased to $10.0 million in 1997, and represented 18.3%, 21.8% and 14.9%
of total revenues, respectively. The Company capitalized software development
costs of $1.5 million, $1.1 million and none in 1995, 1996, and 1997,
respectively. Gross research and development expenses increased in 1996 due
primarily to the hiring and training of additional software engineers. Research
and development expenses decreased during 1997 due to a decrease in the number
of personnel of approximately $.7 million, and due to the reclassification of
all rent, depreciation and other expenses of approximately $1.1 million to
general and administrative during 1997. The rate of capitalization of software
development costs may fluctuate depending on the mix and stage of development of
the Company's research and development projects.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries of
administrative, executive and financial personnel, provision for doubtful
accounts and outside professional fees. General and administrative expenses
increased from $11.3 million in 1995 to $20.0 million in 1996 and decreased to
$16.5 million in 1997, representing 21.3%, 36.8% and 24.3% of total revenues in
those years, respectively. General and administrative expenses increased by $8.7
million from 1995 to 1996, primarily due to increases in the following :
acquisitions in France and Germany ($1.7 million), provisions for doubtful
accounts ($2.1 million), taxes and insurance ($1.6 million), professional fees
($1.4 million), $1.9 million related to severance and other costs relating to
turnover of senior management. General and administrative expenses decreased by
$3.5 million from 1996 to 1997, primarily due to decreases in the provisions for
doubtful accounts of $4.5 million, taxes of $1.2 million and professional fees
of $1.7 million, offset by a full year of operations in France and Germany, and
increased severance and costs related to senior management turnover.
31
PURCHASED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
In 1995, the Company charged to expense $3.8 million related to in-process
research and development acquired in the fourth quarter of 1995. Purchased
research and development represents the estimated fair value of development
projects which have not yet reached technological feasibility and have no future
alternative use.
OPERATING LOSS
As a consequence of the above, the Company incurred operating losses of $9
million, $32.6 million and $4.8 million in 1995, 1996 and 1997, respectively.
COSTS RELATED TO SETTLEMENT OF CLASS ACTION LITIGATION
Litigation and settlement costs of $.8 million in 1996 and $9.6 million in
1997 were associated with the class action civil suit, and increased primarily
due to the charge to operations of $6 million during the quarter ended September
30, 1997, reflecting the Company's share of the settlement costs, excluding
legal fees (see Item 3).
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
Other income (expense), net increased to $0.8 million in 1996 from $0.7
million in 1995, and decreased to ($8.8 million) in 1997, due to lower invested
balances of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, and increased
costs related to the proposed settlement of the class action litigation.
INCOME TAX PROVISION
The Company's income tax provision was immaterial in each of the years ended
1995, 1996 and 1997.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
As a consequence of the above, the Company incurred a net loss of $8.6
million in 1995, $31.8 million in 1996 and $13.6 million in 1997.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
At December 31, 1997, the Company had cash, cash equivalents, restricted
cash and short-term investments of $12.6 million and working capital of $2.8
million. Included in the calculation of working capital is deferred revenue of
$9.1 million at December 31, 1997. As of December 31, 1997, the Company
maintained a $5.2 million line of credit with two banks, which may be used for
borrowings or letters of credit. By the terms of the revolving lines of credit,
which were fully secured by the pledge of $5.2 million in certificates of
deposit, the Company is required to comply with quarterly and annual financial
statement reporting requirements. At December 31, 1997 there were $1.1 million
of outstanding letters of credit under these facilities. In March 1998, the
Company reduced the availability for borrowings under these lines to $1.2
million and deposited $5 million in a Delaware business trust to secure the
potential repurchase obligation associated with shares of Common Stock issuable
as a part of the class action securities litigation settlement (see Note 6 to
the consolidated financial statements).
The Company's operating activities used cash of $17.3 million in 1996 and
$8.9 million in 1997. Net cash used in 1996 was the result of the Company's net
losses and increases in accounts receivable and restricted cash, which were
offset, in part, by increases in the provision for doubtful accounts,
depreciation and amortization, accounts payable and accrued expenses and
deferred revenue. Net cash used in 1997 was primarily the result of litigation
expenses totalling approximately $9.6 million combined with the Company's
operating loss of $4.8 million.
32
The Company's investing activities have used cash of $5.6 million and $1.0
million in 1996 and 1997, respectively, principally for purchases of equipment
and capitalized software costs, as well as the Company's acquisitions of
operations in France and Germany during 1996 offset in part by decreases in
short term investments.
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities was $(2.6) million and $2.1
million in 1996 and 1997, respectively. During 1996, cash used in financing
activities related principally to the repayment of debt associated with
acquisitions. During December 1997, cash provided by financing activities
included net proceeds of $5.5 million from the sale of 2,937,500 shares of
Common Stock and warrants to purchase 734,375 shares of common stock offset by
debt repayments associated with acquisitions. The December 1997 private
placement requires the registration of such shares and warrants by certain dates
and continued listing on a major stock exchange. In the event that these
conditions are not met as further described in Note 9(a) to the consolidated
financial statements, the Company may be required to issue additional shares and
warrants at no cost.
The Company has no significant capital commitments and has essentially no
material debt obligations. The Company's aggregate minimum operating lease
payments for 1998 will be approximately $2.4 million. As a consequence of the
above, the Company expects that its operating cash flow will be sufficient to
fund the Company's working capital requirements (including the Common Stock
subject to repurchase as a result of the settlement of the class action
securities litigation) through 1998. However, the Company's ability to achieve
this result is affected by the extent of cash generated from operations and the
pace at which the Company utilizes its available resources. Accordingly, the
Company may in the future be required to seek additional sources of financing
including the issuance of debt and/or sale of equity securities. No assurance
can be given that any such additional sources of financing or guarantees will be
available on acceptable terms or at all.
ITEM 8. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference herein
from Part IV Item 14(a) (1) and (2).
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
Not applicable.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The Company incorporates herein by reference the information concerning
directors and executive officers in its Notice of Annual Stockholders' Meeting
and Proxy Statement to be filed within 120 days after the end of the Company's
fiscal year (the "1998 Proxy Statement").
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The Company incorporates herein by reference the information concerning
executive compensation contained in the 1998 Proxy Statement.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The Company incorporates herein by reference the information concerning
security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management contained in the
1998 Proxy Statement.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The Company incorporates herein by reference the information concerning
certain relationships and related transactions contained in the 1998 Proxy
Statement.
33
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON
FORM 8-K
(A) CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:
PAGE NO.
-----------
Reports of Independent Public Accountants........................................................... 37-38
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 1996 and 1997........................................... 39
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 1995
(restated), 1996 and 1997......................................................................... 40
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
(Deficit) for the years ended December 31, 1995 (restated), 1996 and 1997........................... 41
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 1995
(restated), 1996 and 1997......................................................................... 42
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.......................................................... 43
(B) CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES:
Reports of Independent Public Accountants On Schedule............................................... 56-57
Schedule II--Valuation and Qualifying Accounts:
Years Ended December 31, 1995 (restated), 1996 and 1997............................................. 58
(C) REPORTS ON FORM 8-K FILED IN THE FOURTH QUARTER OF 1997:
Form 8-K: Item 5. None
(D) EXHIBITS.
3.1* Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
3.2* Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company.
4.1* Specimen Common Stock Certificate.
4.2 See Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 for provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation
and Bylaws of the Company defining rights of holders of Common Stock of the
Company.
4.3# Form of Warrant
10.1* Series B Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement, as amended.
10.3* Employment Agreement between the Company and Elias Typaldos, as amended.
10.4* Employment Agreement between the Company and Gennaro Vendome, as amended.
10.6* 1995 Stock Option Plan.
10.7* Lease Agreement between the Company and Enterprise Development Corporation.
10.8* Loan and Security Agreement between the Company and PNC Bank (formerly
Midlantic National Bank), as amended.
10.9* License Agreement between the Company and Pfizer, Inc., as amended.
10.10* OEM Software License and Distribution Agreement between the Company and Wang
Laboratories, Inc.
10.11* Amendment and Clarification Agreement between the Company and Wang
Laboratories, Inc.
10.12* Contract between the Company and Polish State Railways Central Office of
Purchasing and Sales Ferpol, a division of Polish State Railways.
10.13* Program License Contract between the Company and Deutsche Bank AG.
10.14* General Agreement between the Company and Canaan Capital Limited Partnership
and Canaan Capital Offshore Limited Partnership, C.V.
10.15** Severance Agreement between the Company and Joseph Esposito.
34
10.16** Employment Agreement between the Company and Michael Jorgensen.
10.17*** Termination Agreement between the Company and Andreas Typaldos.
10.18*** Consulting Agreement between the Company and Andreas Typaldos.
10.19 1995 Stock Option Plan, as amended.
10.20# Securities Purchase Agreement.
10.21 Employment Agreement between the Company and John Rade.
10.22 Employment Agreement between the Company and William H. Burke.
10.23 Employment Agreement between the Company and Robert Hewitt.
10.24 Amendment to Securities Purchase Agreement
10.25 Amendment to Lease Agreement between the Company and Enterprise Development
Corporation.
21.1 List of Subsidiaries.
23.1 Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP
23.2 Consent of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP
27.1 Financial Data Schedule.
# Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with the Company's Form 8-K
filed on January 8, 1998.
* Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-1, File No. 33-93990.
** Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with the Company's March 31,
1997 Form 10-Q.
*** Incorporated by reference to the Exhibits filed with the Company's September
30, 1997 Form 10-Q.
35
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of
Rutherford, State of New Jersey, on this 23rd day of March 1998.
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC.
By: /s/ JOHN A. RADE
-----------------------------------------
John A. Rade
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER,
PRESIDENT AND DIRECTOR
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 this
report has been signed by the following persons in the capacities indicated on
March 23, 1998.
SIGNATURE TITLE(S)
- ------------------------------ --------------------------
/s/ ELIAS TYPALDOS Chairman of the Board,
- ------------------------------ Senior Vice President
(Elias Typaldos) Research and Development
Chief Executive Officer,
/s/ JOHN A. RADE President and
- ------------------------------ Director (Principal
(John A. Rade) Executive Officer)
Executive Vice President,
/s/ MICHAEL R. JORGENSEN Chief Financial
- ------------------------------ Officer, and Treasurer
(Michael R. Jorgensen) (Principal Financial
and Accounting Officer)
/s/ GENNARO VENDOME
- ------------------------------ Vice President, Eastern
(Gennaro Vendome) Region and Director
/s/ MICHEL BERTY
- ------------------------------ Director
(Michel Berty)
/s/ GREGORY KOPCHINSKY
- ------------------------------ Director
(Gregory Kopchinsky)
/s/ ROBERT MIGLIORINO
- ------------------------------ Director
(Robert Migliorino)
/s/ WILLIAM E. VOGEL
- ------------------------------ Director
(William E. Vogel)
/s/ EDWIN T. BRONDO
- ------------------------------ Director
(Edwin T. Brondo)
36
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
The Board of Directors and Stockholders:
Computron Software, Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Computron
Software, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997, and the related
consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity (deficit), and cash
flows for the year then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Computron
Software, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997, and the results of
their operations and their cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles.
KPMG PEAT MARWICK LLP
Short Hills, New Jersey
January 30, 1998, except
as to note 6, which is as
of March 6, 1998
37
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
TO COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Computron
Software, Inc. (a Delaware Corporation) and subsidiaries as of December 31,
1996, and the related statements of operations, stockholders' equity (deficit)
and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 1996.
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based
on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Computron
Software, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1996, and the results of
their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period
ended December 31, 1996, in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles.
ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
April 16, 1997
(except with respect to the
matter discussed in Note 6,
as to which the date is
March 6, 1998)
38
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
DECEMBER 31,
----------------------
1996 1997
---------- ----------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents........................................................................... $ 19,730 $ 6,280
Short-term investments.............................................................................. 1,073 193
Restricted cash..................................................................................... 3,081 6,124
Accounts receivables, less reserves of $5,084 in 1996 and $3,056 in 1997............................ 20,340 11,420
Prepaid expenses and other current assets........................................................... 1,988 3,230
---------- ----------
Total current assets.............................................................................. 46,212 27,247
---------- ----------
Equipment and leasehold improvements, at cost:
Computer and office equipment....................................................................... 10,249 11,844
Furniture and fixtures.............................................................................. 1,436 1,298
Leasehold improvements.............................................................................. 300 592
---------- ----------
11,985 13,734
Less--accumulated depreciation and amortization..................................................... 7,598 9,670
---------- ----------
4,387 4,064
---------- ----------
Capitalized software development costs, net of accumulated amortization of $3,095 in 1996 and $3,734
in 1997............................................................................................. 2,068 1,429
Goodwill, net of accumulated amortization of $535 in 1996 and $1,072 in 1997.......................... 2,580 1,732
Other assets.......................................................................................... 1,446 1,126
---------- ----------
$ 56,693 $ 35,598
---------- ----------
---------- ----------
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt and capital leases................................................ $ 506 $ 71
Accounts payable.................................................................................... 3,975 4,375
Accrued expenses.................................................................................... 17,420 10,956
Note payable........................................................................................ 1,402 --
Deferred revenue.................................................................................... 18,551 9,078
---------- ----------
Total current liabilities......................................................................... 41,854 24,480
---------- ----------
Long-term liabilities:
Long-term debt and capital leases, less current portion............................................... 97 23
---------- ----------
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 4, 5 and 6)
Common stock subject to repurchase.................................................................... -- 5,000
---------- ----------
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, authorized 5,000 shares, no shares issued and outstanding.......... -- --
Common stock, $.01 par value, authorized 50,000 shares; 20,801 shares and 23,777 shares issued and
outstanding at December 31, 1996 and 1997, respectively........................................... 208 238
Additional paid-in capital.......................................................................... 63,879 69,373
Accumulated deficit................................................................................. (49,371) (63,016)
Cumulative translation adjustment................................................................... 26 (500)
---------- ----------
Total stockholders' equity...................................................................... 14,742 6,095
---------- ----------
$ 56,693 $ 35,598
---------- ----------
---------- ----------
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
39
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
----------- ---------- ----------
(RESTATED)
Revenues:
License fees................................................................ $ 33,766 $ 17,625 $ 20,372
Services.................................................................... 19,029 36,770 47,219
----------- ---------- ----------
Total revenues............................................................ 52,795 54,395 67,591
----------- ---------- ----------
Operating expenses:
Cost of license fees........................................................ 4,673 2,634 2,004
Cost of services............................................................ 12,988 28,255 27,584
Sales and marketing......................................................... 19,387 24,181 16,272
Research and development.................................................... 9,651 11,872 10,047
General and administrative.................................................. 11,269 20,014 16,467
Purchased research and development.......................................... 3,797 -- --
----------- ---------- ----------
Total operating expenses.................................................. 61,765 86,956 72,374
----------- ---------- ----------
Operating loss................................................................ (8,970) (32,561) (4,783)
----------- ---------- ----------
Other income (expense):
Costs related to settlement of class action litigation...................... -- (758) (9,591)
Interest income............................................................. 1,238 1,654 847
Interest expense............................................................ (496) (100) (61)
Other....................................................................... -- 18 (41)
----------- ---------- ----------
Total other income (expense).............................................. 742 814 (8,846)
----------- ---------- ----------
Loss before for income tax provision.......................................... (8,228) (31,747) (13,629)
Income tax provision.......................................................... 350 100 16
----------- ---------- ----------
Net loss...................................................................... $ (8,578) $ (31,847) $ (13,645)
----------- ---------- ----------
----------- ---------- ----------
Net loss per common share, pro forma 1995..................................... $ (0.46) $ (1.53) $ (0.65)
----------- ---------- ----------
----------- ---------- ----------
Weighted average number of common shares, pro forma 1995...................... 18,809 20,787 20,834
----------- ---------- ----------
----------- ---------- ----------
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
40
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(IN THOUSANDS)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE ---------------------------------------------------------
PREFERRED STOCK
---------------------------------------------- CLASS A CLASS B
COMMON COMMON COMMON
SERIES A SERIES B STOCK STOCK STOCK
---------------------- ---------------------- -------------------- ------------- ---------
SHARES AMT. SHARES AMT. SHARES AMT. SHARES AMT. SHARES
----------- --------- ----------- --------- --------- --------- ----------- ----- ---------
BALANCE--
DECEMBER 31,
1994(1)........ 1,050 $ 25,554 1,467 $ 14,484 8 $ -- 7,900 $ 79 --
Net loss......... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Translation
adjustment..... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Accretion on
redeemable..... --
convertible
preferred
stock........ -- 1,171 -- 665 -- -- -- -- --
Conversion of
securities upon
initial public
offering....... (1,050) (26,725) (1,467) (15,149) (8) -- (7,900) (79) 17,829
Sale of common
stock, net of
related
expenses....... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2,795
Exercise of stock
options........ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 120
----------- --------- ----------- --------- --------- --------- ----------- --- ---------
BALANCE--
DECEMBER 31,
1995(1)........ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 20,744
Net loss......... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Translation
adjustment..... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Exercise of stock
options........ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 57
----------- --------- ----------- --------- --------- --------- ----------- --- ---------
BALANCE--
DECEMBER 31,
1996........... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 20,801
Net loss......... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Translation
adjustment..... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
Sale of common
stock, net of
related
expenses....... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2,937
Issuance of
common stock... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 25
Exercise of stock
options........ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 14
----------- --------- ----------- --------- --------- --------- ----------- --- ---------
BALANCE--
DECEMBER 31,
1997........... -- $ -- -- $ -- -- $ -- -- $ -- 23,777
----------- --------- ----------- --------- --------- --------- ----------- --- ---------
----------- --------- ----------- --------- --------- --------- ----------- --- ---------
ADDITIONAL CUMULATIVE
PAID-IN ACCUM. TRANS.
AMT. CAPITAL DEFICIT ADJ.
----- ----------- --------- -------------
BALANCE--
DECEMBER 31,
1994(1)........ $ -- $ 1,633 $ (30,316) $ (178)
Net loss......... -- -- (8,578) --
Translation
adjustment..... -- -- -- 97
Accretion on
redeemable.....
convertible
preferred
stock........ -- -- (1,836) --
Conversion of
securities upon
initial public
offering....... 178 18,569 23,206 --
Sale of common
stock, net of
related
expenses....... 28 43,450 -- --
Exercise of stock
options........ 1 144 -- --
----- ----------- --------- -----
BALANCE--
DECEMBER 31,
1995(1)........ 207 63,796 (17,524) (81)
Net loss......... -- -- (31,847) --
Translation
adjustment..... -- -- -- 107
Exercise of stock
options........ 1 83 -- --
----- ----------- --------- -----
BALANCE--
DECEMBER 31,
1996........... 208 63,879 (49,371) 26
Net loss......... -- -- (13,645) --
Translation
adjustment..... -- -- -- (526)
Sale of common
stock, net of
related
expenses....... 30 5,478 -- --
Issuance of
common stock... -- -- -- --
Exercise of stock
options........ -- 16 -- --
----- ----------- --------- -----
BALANCE--
DECEMBER 31,
1997........... $ 238 $ 69,373 $ (63,016) $ (500)
----- ----------- --------- -----
----- ----------- --------- -----
- ------------------------
(1) The consolidated financial data for 1994 and 1995 has been restated. See
Note 2 of these Consolidated Financial Statements.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements
41
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
----------- --------- ---------
(RESTATED)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss.......................................................................... $ (8,578) $ (31,847) $ (13,645)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash flows used in operating
activities:
Proposed non-cash class action litigation costs................................. -- -- 5,000
Depreciation and amortization................................................... 2,085 4,634 3,340
Provision for doubtful accounts................................................. 2,763 4,803 300
Loss on sale of equipment and leasehold improvements............................ -- 72 27
Changes in current assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions--
Restricted cash................................................................. (751) (2,330) (3,043)
Accounts receivable............................................................. (4,623) (7,329) 8,406
Prepaid expenses and other current assets....................................... (1,472) 487 (1,321)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses........................................... 4,534 9,604 (3,872)
Deferred revenue................................................................ 1,291 4,615 (9,046)
----------- --------- ---------
Net cash flows used in operating activities....................................... (4,751) (17,291) (13,854)
----------- --------- ---------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Other assets.................................................................... (220) (324) 223
Capitalized software development costs.......................................... (1,495) (1,088) --
Purchase of equipment and leasehold improvements................................ (2,948) (2,162) (2,121)
Proceeds from sale of equipment and leasehold improvements...................... -- -- 75
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired................................ -- (2,116) --
Decrease in short-term investments.............................................. 335 105 868
----------- --------- ---------
Net cash flows used in investing.............................................. (4,328) (5,585) (955)
----------- --------- ---------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net proceeds from the sale of common stock...................................... 43,478 -- 5,508
Proceeds from exercise of stock options......................................... 145 84 16
Payments of long-term debt and capital lease obligations........................ (5,708) (617) (461)
Repayments of amounts payable related to acquisitions........................... -- (1,042) (2,946)
Increase (decrease) in other long-term liabilities.............................. 1,000 (1,000) --
----------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities........................... 38,915 (2,575) 2,117
----------- --------- ---------
Foreign currency exchange rate effects............................................ 97 62 (758)
----------- --------- ---------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents.......................... 29,933 (25,389) (13,450)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year...................................... 15,186 45,119 19,730
----------- --------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year............................................ $ 45,119 $ 19,730 $ 6,280
----------- --------- ---------
----------- --------- ---------
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information and noncash financing
activities:
Cash paid during the year for--
Interest...................................................................... $ 507 $ 89 $ 38
Income taxes.................................................................. 1,864 38 34
Capital lease obligations incurred.............................................. 33 43 --
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
42
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
(1) OPERATIONS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The Company was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware in
September 1978. The name of the Company was changed from Computron Technologies
Corporation to Computron Software, Inc. in May 1995. The Company designs,
markets and supports n-tier, Internet-enabled client/server financial, workflow,
desktop data access and storage, and maintenance and asset management software.
(A) PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Computron
Software, Inc.; its wholly owned subsidiaries located in Australia, Canada,
France, Germany, Hong Kong, Poland, Singapore, and the United Kingdom
(collectively, the "Company"). All significant intercompany transactions and
balances have been eliminated.
(B) REVENUE RECOGNITION
The Company generally recognizes revenue from noncancelable software
licenses upon product shipment, provided collection is probable and no
significant vendor and post-contract customer obligations remain at the time of
shipment. The Company accounts for insignificant vendor obligations by deferring
a portion of the revenue and recognizing it when the related services are
performed. Post-contract support (maintenance) fees are typically billed
separately and are recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the
applicable agreement. The Company recognizes services revenue from consulting
and implementation services, including training, provided by both its own
personnel and by third parties, upon performance of the services. The Company
recognizes revenue from certain contracts, generally those with fixed prices,
using the percentage of completion method. Anticipated losses, if any, are
charged to operations in the period such losses are determined.
In October 1997, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
issued Statement of Position 97-2 "Software Revenue Recognition" ("SOP 97-2").
SOP 97-2 is effective for transactions entered into in fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 1997. The Company does not believe the adoption of SOP 97-2
will have a significant impact on its current revenue recognition policies.
(C) REPORTING, OPERATING AND CONTROL ENVIRONMENT; MANAGEMENT ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods
presented. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant assets
and liabilities with reported amounts based on estimates include accounts
receivable, capitalized software development costs and deferred revenues.
Following the audits of the Company's consolidated financial statements for
1994, 1995 and 1996 the Company received management letters from its former
independent public accountants, which enumerated material weaknesses in the
Company's financial and accounting processes, controls, reporting systems and
procedures. The Company's former independent public accountants highlighted the
Company's need for additional financial and accounting personnel with software
industry experience.
43
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
(1) OPERATIONS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
In response to the management letter and recent operating results, during
1997 the Company hired senior executives with significant experience in the
software industry, and improved financial and accounting processes, controls,
reporting systems and procedures, which eliminated all material weaknesses.
As discussed in Note 2, the Company restated its consolidated financial
statements for each of the four years in the period ended December 31, 1995, and
certain unaudited quarters therein and for each of the three unaudited quarters
ended September 30, 1996. The Company reclassified certain amounts for 1996 to
conform to the 1997 presentation.
(D) CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, RESTRICTED CASH AND SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates market, and consists
of short-term, highly liquid investments with maturities of less than three
months. Restricted cash represents the amount of certificates of deposit used as
collateral for outstanding letters of credit in the same amount, and in 1997
also includes $5,000 which will be used in connection with the trust fund
described in Note 6. At December 31, 1996 and 1997, short-term investments
consist of U.S. Treasury bills, certificates of deposit, and short-term bonds
with maturities of greater than three months, but less than one year. Short-term
investments are classified as held-to-maturity and are carried at amortized cost
which approximates market value.
(E) EQUIPMENT AND LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS
Equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost, less accumulated
depreciation and amortization. Depreciation expense is computed using the
straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets (three to
five years). Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method
over the lesser of the remaining term of the lease or their estimated useful
lives.
(F) SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS
The Company capitalizes software development costs upon the establishment of
technological feasibility until the time when the product is available for
general release to customers. Research and development costs are expensed as
incurred.
During 1995, 1996, and 1997, capitalized software development costs amounted
to $1,495, $1,088 and $0, respectively. Annual amortization of software
development costs shall be the greater of the amount computed using (a) the
ratio of actual revenue from a product to the total of current and anticipated
related revenues from the product or (b) the economic life of the product,
estimated to be three years, on a straight-line basis.
(G) GOODWILL
In 1996, the Company implemented SFAS 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of
Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of". This standard
prescribes the method for asset impairment, evaluation for long-lived assets and
certain identifiable intangibles that are either held and used or to be disposed
of. Goodwill is the result of the two acquisitions in 1996 and is charged to
earnings on a straight-line method over the periods estimated to be benefited,
currently not exceeding five years.
44
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
(1) OPERATIONS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
The Company monitors events or changes in circumstances that may indicate
carrying amounts of intangible assets may not be recoverable. When such events
or changes in circumstances are present, the Company assesses the recoverability
of intangible assets by determining whether the carrying amount of intangible
assets will be recovered through undiscounted, expected future cash flows.
Should the Company determine that the carrying values of specific intangible
assets are not recoverable, the Company would record a charge to reduce the
carrying value of such assets to their fair values.
(H) INCOME TAXES
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax
consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement
carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities, and their respective tax
bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and
liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable
income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be
recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a
change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the
enactment date.
(I) POST-RETIREMENT BENEFITS
The Company has no obligation for post-retirement benefits.
(J) CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
SFAS No. 105, Disclosure of Information about Financial Instruments with
Off-Balance Sheet Risk and Financial Instruments with Concentration of Credit
Risk, requires disclosure of any significant off-balance sheet and credit risk
concentrations. The Company has no significant off-balance sheet concentration
of credit risk such as foreign exchange contracts, option contracts or other
foreign hedging arrangements. The Company maintains the majority of cash
balances with three financial institutions and its accounts receivable credit
risk is not concentrated within any geographic area. One customer represented
14.3% of accounts receivable at December 31, 1996. A separate customer
represented 13.0% of accounts receivable at December 31, 1997.
During 1995, Polish State Railways Central Office of Purchasing and Sales
Ferpol, a division of Polish State Railways, accounted for approximately 10.0%
of total revenues. There were no customers accounting for more than 10% of
revenues in 1996 or 1997.
(K) FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
The functional currency for most foreign subsidiaries is the local currency.
The cumulative effects of translating the balance sheet accounts from the
functional currency into the U.S. dollar at current exchange rates are included
in cumulative translation adjustment in stockholders' equity (deficit). The U.S.
dollar is used as the functional currency for the subsidiary in Poland.
(L) NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE
Net loss per common share is presented in accordance with Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earnings per Share" ("SFAS No. 128").
SFAS No. 128 provides for new accounting
45
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
(1) OPERATIONS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
principles used in the calculations of earnings per share and was effective for
financial statements for both interim and annual periods ended after December
15, 1997. The Company has restated the net loss per common share for all periods
presented to give effect to SFAS No. 128.
Net loss per common share is based on the weighted average number of shares
of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share
is not presented as it is antidilutive. Stock options, warrants, common stock
subject to repurchase, and contingently issuable shares in connection with the
December 1997 private placement of common stock are the only securities issued
which would have been included in the diluted earnings per share calculation had
their effect been dilutive.
The 1995 pro forma weighted average number of common shares assumes that all
series of Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Class A and Class B Common
Stock had been converted to Common Stock as of the original issuance dates and
that shares of Common Stock related to options issued during the period from
August of 1994 to August 1995 were outstanding, computed in accordance with the
treasury stock method.
The following represents the calculations of the net loss per share for the
years ended December 31, 1995 (pro forma), 1996 and 1997.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
--------- ---------- ----------
Net loss....................................................................... $ (8,578) $ (31,847) $ (13,645)
Weighted average Class A Common Stock outstanding during the period, assuming
conversion to Common Stock................................................... 441 -- --
Weighted average Class B Common Stock outstanding during the period, assuming
conversion to Common Stock................................................... 11,850 -- --
Weighted average Series A Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding during the
period, assuming conversion to Common Stock.................................. 3,260 -- --
Weighted average Series B Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding during the
period, assuming conversion to Common Stock.................................. 2,277 -- --
Weighted average shares of Common Stock outstanding during the year............ 981 20,787 20,834
--------- ---------- ----------
18,809 20,787 20,834
--------- ---------- ----------
--------- ---------- ----------
Net loss per share, pro forma in 1995.......................................... $ (0.46) $ (1.53) $ (0.65)
--------- ---------- ----------
--------- ---------- ----------
(M) RECLASSIFICATIONS
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year financial statements
to conform with current year presentations.
(2) RESTATED FINANCIAL RESULTS
On January 27, 1997, the Company announced that certain new information had
come to the attention of its Board of Directors and its independent public
accountants that may impact previously reported financial results. As a result,
the Company restated its consolidated financial statements for each of the four
years in the period ended December 31, 1995, and certain unaudited quarters
therein and for
46
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
(2) RESTATED FINANCIAL RESULTS (CONTINUED)
each of the three unaudited quarters ended September 30, 1996. In the opinion of
management, all material adjustments necessary to correct the financial
statements have been recorded.
The restatements reflect revenue reversals and deferrals of sales previously
recognized in the periods from the fourth quarter of 1992 through the third
quarter of 1996. These revenue adjustments resulted in reductions of previously
reported bad debt provisions and increases in deferred revenue. Also included in
the restated consolidated financial statements are certain operating expenses
not previously recorded by the Company and the recording of certain expenses in
different accounting periods.
A summary of the impact of such restatements on the financial statements for
the years ended December 31, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 and the unaudited nine
months ended September 30, 1996 is as follows:
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------------
1992 1993
---------------------- ----------------------
PREVIOUSLY AS PREVIOUSLY AS
REPORTED RESTATED REPORTED RESTATED
----------- --------- ----------- ---------
Total Revenue....................................................... $ 20,513 $ 19,645 $ 24,282 $ 23,588
Loss from operations................................................ (2,750) (3,618) (2,644) (3,338)
Net Loss............................................................ (2,479) (3,347) (3,170) (3,864)
Total Assets........................................................ 16,453 15,585 17,302 16,119
Deferred Revenue.................................................... 1,934 1,934 3,137 3,516
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------------
1994 1995
---------------------- ----------------------
PREVIOUSLY AS PREVIOUSLY AS
REPORTED RESTATED REPORTED RESTATED
----------- --------- ----------- ---------
Total Revenue....................................................... $ 34,958 $ 32,473 $ 55,519 $ 52,795
Net income (Loss) from operations................................... 433 (2,052) (7,704) (8,970)
Net Income (Loss)................................................... 77 (2,408) (7,312) (8,578)
Net Loss per share.................................................. .00 (.13) (.39) (.46)
Total Assets........................................................ 36,681 35,075 73,045 71,367
Deferred Revenue.................................................... 9,935 12,376 10,474 13,667
NINE MONTHS ENDED
SEPTEMBER 30, 1996
----------------------
PREVIOUSLY AS
REPORTED RESTATED
---------- ----------
(UNAUDITED)
Total Revenue............................................................................. $ 36,846 $ 34,677
Loss from operations...................................................................... (22,905) (24,786)
Net Loss.................................................................................. (21,333) (23,214)
Net Loss per share........................................................................ (1.03) (1.12)
Total Assets.............................................................................. 60,542 58,483
Deferred Revenue.......................................................................... 11,423 16,404
47
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
(3) ACQUISITIONS
On April 10, 1996, the Company acquired the Financial Service Division of
Generale de Service Informatique (GSI) based in Paris, France. The acquisition
was effective April 1, 1996. The purchase price of 15,463 French Francs
(approximately $3,000) was payable $1,500 at closing and the remainder in a non-
interest bearing note payable in nine equal monthly installments beginning April
30, 1996. In addition, approximately $101 of acquisition related costs were
capitalized. On June 30, 1996, the Company acquired AT&T ISTEL and Co. GmbH, in
Essen, Germany. The purchase price was approximately $1,200 payable $400 at
closing and the balance payable in six months. Approximately $110 of acquisition
related costs were capitalized.
These acquisitions have been accounted by using the purchase method of
accounting. Accordingly, the 1996 financial statements include the accounts of
these companies since the dates of acquisition. Pro forma results of operations
have not been presented as the amounts would not be significant. The following
is additional supplemental cash flow information relating to the aforementioned
acquisitions:
Fair value of assets acquired....................................... $ 7,221
Liabilities assumed................................................. 2,887
---------
Net value of assets acquired........................................ 4,334
Cash paid at closing................................................ 1,895
---------
Notes payable at closing............................................ $ 2,439
---------
---------
(4) LONG-TERM DEBT
DECEMBER 31,
----------------------
1996 1997
--------- -----
Various installment loans secured by computer equipment, payable in aggregate
monthly installments of $70 including interest at rates ranging from 7.3% to
9.5%......................................................................... $ 370 $ 12
Less: current-portion.......................................................... 349 12
--------- ---
Long-term debt................................................................. $ 21 $ --
--------- ---
--------- ---
The Company maintains a $5,250 line of credit with two banks, which expires
on December 31, 1998. The revolving line of credit is secured by the pledge of
$5,250 in certificates of deposits, and the Company is required to comply with
quarterly and annual financial statement reporting requirements. At December 31,
1997, approximately $4,000 was available under the credit lines. At December 31,
1996 and 1997 there were $3,025 and $1,250 respectively of outstanding letters
of credit under these facilities.
(5) LEASE OBLIGATIONS
The Company has property under capital leases, which is included in
equipment and leasehold improvements. Additionally, the Company leases office
space and equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. Rent expense charged
to operations in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for
leased office space, vehicles and equipment was $1,708, $2,669 and $2,703 for
the years ended December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997, respectively.
48
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
(5) LEASE OBLIGATIONS (CONTINUED)
Scheduled future minimum rental payments required for all non-cancelable
leases are as follows:
CAPITAL OPERATING
YEARS ENDING DECEMBER 31 LEASES LEASES
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------- -----------
1998..................................................................... $ 68 $ 2,368
1999..................................................................... 18 2,178
2000..................................................................... 7 1,435
2001..................................................................... 3 1,080
2002..................................................................... -- 980
--- -----------
Total minimum lease payments............................................. 96 $ 8,041
--- -----------
--- -----------
Less--Amount representing interest..................................... 14
---
Present value of minimum lease payments.................................. 82
Less--Current portion.................................................. 59
---
Noncurrent portion....................................................... $ 23
---
---
(6) CONTINGENCIES
On March 6, 1998, the District Court issued a final order approving a
settlement in the class action securities litigation, IN RE COMPUTRON SOFTWARE,
INC. SECURITIES LITIGATION, Master File No. 96-1911 (AJL), brought against the
Company and certain of its present and former officers and directors in the
United States District Court for the District of New Jersey.
The overall settlement includes consideration totaling $15 million for the
benefit of class members, including consideration from the Company, and payments
from certain of its present and former officers and directors, its former
auditors, and the insurance companies that provided Computron with directors and
officers liability insurance. In return for the payments by the insurance
companies, the settlement also resolves a separate lawsuit brought by the
Company against the insurance companies. As its share of the settlement, the
Company has paid $1 million in cash, and will issue 1 million shares of Common
Stock of the Company.
Class members will receive a non-transferable right to resell the stock
received in the settlement to a business trust formed by the Company at a price
of $5.00 per share. In March 1998, the trust was capitalized by a contribution
of $5 million from the Company's restricted cash, which will be used to pay the
claims of any class members who receive stock in the settlement and exercise
their right to resell such stock to the trust according to the terms of the
Stipulation of Settlement. The exercise period during which class members may
resell these shares to the trust will be December 1, 1998 to December 21, 1998,
or later period if all necessary court proceedings have not been completed by
November 1, 1998. The resale right will expire at the end of the exercise
period, or earlier as to any shares issued in the settlement that are sold by
class members prior to the final day of the exercise period. The resale right
will also expire earlier than the exercise period if the closing price of the
Company's Common Stock is higher than $5.00 for 20 consecutive trading days. The
Company recorded a charge to operations of $6,000 during the quarter ended
September 30, 1997, reflecting the Company's share of the settlement costs,
excluding legal fees.
49
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
(6) CONTINGENCIES (CONTINUED)
Historically, the Company has been involved in other disputes and/or
litigation encountered in its normal course of business. The Company believes
that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations
or cash flows.
(7) RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company is the beneficiary of an aggregate of approximately $4,000 in
life insurance on the lives of certain executives. In addition, the Company is
beneficiary of $1,000 life insurance on the life of the principal stockholder
who is a former executive of the Company.
The Company has certain business relationships with a company that the
President and Chief Executive Officer founded and still retains a majority
beneficial equity interest in. During the years ended December 31, 1995, 1996
and 1997 the Company recorded as expense approximately $425, $675 and $641
respectively, related to work performed by this entity on behalf of the Company.
The Company entered into a Consulting Agreement dated September 29, 1997
with the Company's former chairman and principal stockholder. The Agreement
provides for consulting services during the period of December 1, 1997 through
November 30, 2000, in exchange for $300 for each of the first two years, and
$250 for the third year.
On December 24, 1997, the Company loaned $175 to a significant stockholder
and director of the Company. Principal and interest at a per annum rate of 8%
are payable in full on March 31, 1998. The loan is secured by shares of the
Company's common stock.
(8) INCOME TAXES
The components of loss before provision for income taxes is as follows:
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
--------- ---------- ----------
Domestic........................................................................ $ (2,945) $ (22,933) $ (6,517)
Foreign......................................................................... (5,283) (8,814) (7,112)
--------- ---------- ----------
Total....................................................................... $ (8,228) $ (31,747) $ (13,629)
--------- ---------- ----------
--------- ---------- ----------
The provision for income taxes is as follows:
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
--------- --------- -----
Federal.................................................................................... $ 150 $ -- $ --
State...................................................................................... 100 73 16
Foreign.................................................................................... 100 27 --
--------- --------- ---
Total.................................................................................. $ 350 $ 100 $ 16
--------- --------- ---
--------- --------- ---
50
A reconciliation of Federal income taxes at the statutory rate of 34% to
income taxes reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations
is as follows:
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
--------- ---------- ---------
Federal income tax benefit at 34%................................................ $ (2,798) $ (10,794) $ (4,634)
State income taxes, net of Federal tax benefit................................... 100 73 16
Net operating loss and credits not benefited..................................... 2,948 10,794 4,634
Foreign income taxes............................................................. 100 27 --
--------- ---------- ---------
$ 350 $ 100 $ 16
--------- ---------- ---------
--------- ---------- ---------
The principal components of the Company's deferred tax assets are as
follows:
DECEMBER 31,
----------------------
1996 1997
---------- ----------
Non-deductible accruals and other..................................... $ 2,105 $ 2,808
Software development costs............................................ (827) (572)
Depreciation.......................................................... 237 135
Allowance for doubtful accounts....................................... 1,639 1,077
Purchased research and development.................................... 1,648 1,537
Research and development credit carryforwards......................... 2,720 2,800
Net operating loss carryforwards...................................... 10,636 12,779
Valuation allowance................................................... (18,158) (20,564)
---------- ----------
Net deferred tax asset................................................ $ -- $ --
---------- ----------
---------- ----------
At December 31, 1997, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards of
approximately $32,000, which are available to offset future Federal taxable
income, if any, through 2012.
SFAS No. 109 requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation
allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than
not that some portion or all of such assets will not be realized. The Company
has recorded a valuation allowance for its net deferred tax assets and will
continue to monitor the realizability of such assets. Foreign subsidiaries have
paid, and are expected to continue to pay, appropriate taxes to their respective
taxing authorities. It is the intention of the Company to reinvest the earnings
of its non-U.S. subsidiaries in those operations. Accordingly, no Federal taxes
have been provided on undistributed foreign earnings.
(9) STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(A) PRIVATE PLACEMENT
On December 31, 1997, the Company sold through a private placement,
2,937,500 shares of Common Stock and warrants to purchase 734,375 shares of the
Company's Common Stock, raising net proceeds of $5,508. The warrants are
exercisable at $3.00 per share, subject to adjustment, until December 31, 2002.
Terms of the private placement require the Company to register the shares of
Common Stock and warrants "the securities" and the Company could be required to
issue additional consideration if certain conditions are not met. In the event
(i) the Registration Statement covering the shares of Common Stock and shares
issuable upon exercise of the Warrants is not declared effectively by June 15,
1998, or (ii) the Company fails to maintain in good standing until December 31,
1998, the listing of Common Stock on a national securities exchange, then in
each such case, the Company shall issue, at no cost, to each of the investors
additional shares of Common Stock and Warrants equal to ten percent (10%) of
amounts issued to the investors under the Securities Purchase Agreement ("SPA").
In addition, in the event that the Registration
51
(9) STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) (CONTINUED)
Statement is not declared effective by September 15, 1998, the Company shall
either (at the Company's election) (i) issue, at no additional cost, to each of
the investors who are original parties to the SPA (the "Original Investors")
additional shares of Common Stock and Warrants equal to ten percent (10%) of the
amounts issued under the SPA and held by each such Original Investor as of
September 15, 1998, or (ii) pay to each Original Investor their pro rata
portion, as defined, of $818. Further, in the event that sales under the
Registration Statement are unavailable to the Investors for any period in excess
of 75 consecutive days or 100 total days, during the period from the date of
effectiveness until December 31, 1999, for each 30 days or portion thereof in
excess of either of such amounts, whichever is greater, the Company shall either
(at the Company's election) (i) issue, at no additional cost, to each of the
Original Investors additional shares of Common Stock and Warrants equal to one
percent (1%) of the amounts issued under the SPA and held by each such Original
Investor as of the date of the Company's obligation to issue additional
securities or (ii) pay to each Original Investor an amount in cash equal to
$81.8 multiplied by such Original Investor's pro rata share. To the extent an
Original Investor no longer holds shares of Common Stock originally issued under
the SPA, the number of additional shares of Common Stock or Warrants to be
issued, or the amount of any cash to be paid, by the Company shall be
proportionately reduced. The SPA also contains anti-dilution provisions and
piggyback registration rights.
(B) STOCK OPTION PLAN
In June 1995, the Company adopted the 1995 Stock Option Plan (the 1995
Plan). Pursuant to the 1995 Plan, the Company may grant statutory and
nonstatutory options to purchase an aggregate of up to 1,500,000 shares of
Common Stock. During 1997 the Board of Directors and stockholders amended and
restated the 1995 Plan to increase the number of shares issuable over the term
of the 1995 Plan to a total of 4,500,000, and the Company has specifically
reserved such shares. Options may be granted under the discretionary option
program to employees, consultants, independent advisors and non-employee
directors. Options are automatically granted to non-employee directors under the
automatic option grant programs. Options granted under the discretionary grant
program will have an exercise price of not less than 85% of the fair market
value of the Common Stock on the grant date. Options granted under the automatic
grant program will have an exercise price of 100% of the fair market value on
the grant date. All options granted under the 1995 Plan are exercisable within
ten years of the date of grant (or five years for statutory options granted to
10% stockholders), unless terminated earlier. Options generally vest over a four
year period, however, options to purchase 1,000,000 shares of common stock were
granted in 1997 and such options become immediately vested upon the occurrence
of certain events.
52
(9) STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) (CONTINUED)
A summary of stock option activity under the plan is as follows:
NUMBER OF EXERCISE PRICE WEIGHTED AVERAGE
SHARES PER SHARE EXERCISE PRICE
---------- -------------------- -----------------
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1994......................................... 1,090,913 $ 1.17- 3.33 $ 1.47
Granted............................................................ 136,725 13.00 13.00
Exercised.......................................................... (121,261) 1.17- 1.90 1.22
Canceled........................................................... (175,756) 1.17- 13.00 10.26
---------- --------- --------- ------
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1995......................................... 930,621 1.17- 13.00 2.79
Exercised.......................................................... (58,373) 1.17- 1.90 1.43
Canceled........................................................... (110,134) 1.17- 13.00 6.33
---------- --------- --------- ------
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1996......................................... 762,114 1.17- 13.00 2.27
---------- --------- --------- ------
Granted............................................................ 3,209,650 1.00- 3.62 1.89
Exercised.......................................................... (14,238) 1.17 1.17
Canceled........................................................... (124,372) 1.17- 13.00 4.95
---------- --------- --------- ------
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1997......................................... 3,833,154 $ 1.00- 13.00 $ 2.16
---------- --------- --------- ------
---------- --------- --------- ------
Exercisable, December 31, 1997..................................... 645,687 $ 1.00- 13.00 $ 1.61
---------- --------- --------- ------
---------- --------- --------- ------
(C) ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation in accordance with the
provisions of the Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for
Stock Issued to employees. In October 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards
Board issued SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, which is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1995. SFAS No. 123
establishes a fair-value-based method of accounting for stock-based compensation
plans. The Company has adopted the disclosure-only alternative under SFAS No.
123, which required the disclosure of the pro forma effects on earnings and
earnings per share as if the accounting prescribed by SFAS No. 123 had been
adopted, as well as certain other information.
The Company has computed the pro forma disclosures required under SFAS No.
123 for all stock options granted in 1996 and 1997 using the Black-Scholes
option pricing model prescribed by SFAS No. 123.
The assumptions used and the weighted average information for the years
ended December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997 are as follows:
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
----------- ----------- ----------
Risk-free interest rates................................................... 6.01% 6.01% 6.01%
Expected dividend yield.................................................... -- -- --
Expected lives............................................................. 5 years 5 years 7 years
Expected volatility........................................................ 50% 50% 50%
Weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the
period................................................................... $6.91 -- $1.17
Weighted-average remaining contractual life of
options outstanding...................................................... 8.35 years 7.25 years 9.0 years
Weighted-average exercise price of 301,881, 455,298, and 645,687 options
exercisable at December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997, respectively............ $1.49 $1.82 $1.61
53
(9) STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) (CONTINUED)
The effect of applying SFAS No. 123 would be as follows:
1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997
AS REPORTED PRO FORMA AS REPORTED PRO FORMA AS REPORTED PRO FORMA
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net loss..................................... $ (8,578) $ (8,790) $ (31,847) $ (32,059) $ (13,645) $ (13,987)
Net loss per share........................... $ (0.46) $ (0.47) $ (1.53) $ (1.54) $ (0.65) $ (0.67)
(10) PROFIT SHARING PLAN
The Company's Profit Sharing Plan (the Plan) is a defined contribution plan.
All employees with three months of service and who are at least 21 years of age
are eligible to become participants in the Plan and to make voluntary
contributions based on a percentage of their compensation within certain Plan
limitations.
The Plan falls under the provisions of Section 401(k) of the Internal
Revenue Code. Employees may elect to contribute a percentage of their pretax
salary, subject to statutory limitations, as well as certain percentages of
their after-tax salary, to the Plan. The Company was obligated to contribute 25%
of the employees' first 6% of pretax salary contribution through November 30,
1997. Beginning December 1, 1997, the Company increased its matching percentage
from 25% to 50% of the employees first 6% of pretax salary contribution. The
Company's contributions charged to operations in the accompanying consolidated
statements of operations were approximately $160, $242 and $160 for the years
ended December 31, 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively.
In addition, the Company may make additional contributions at the discretion
of the Board of Directors and such contributions would be allocated among all
participants in proportion to each participant's compensation, as defined. As of
December 31, 1997, no additional contributions were made under the Plan.
(11) PURCHASED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
In December 1995, the Company obtained all rights, title, license and
interests in certain software source coding and documentation in exchange for
$3,375 and direct costs of $200. The purchase price was payable as follows:
$1,225 due and paid upon signing, $400 due January 1996, and $250 due in seven
quarterly installments starting April 1996. In addition, the Company was
obligated to pay royalties of up to $3,000 based on future sales of products
using acquired technology. During March 1997, the parties agreed to eliminate
the payment of these additional royalties in exchange for approximately $300.
The purchase price was allocated based on the fair value of the assets acquired
as follows:
Other assets........................................................ $ 375
Purchased research and development.................................. 3,200
---------
$ 3,575
---------
---------
Included in other assets are amounts related to trademarks, customer lists
and acquired technology which have been fully amortized at December 31, 1996.
The amount allocated to purchased research and development represents the fair
value of projects that had not yet reached technological feasibility and did not
have a future alternative use as determined by an independent appraisal. This
amount was charged to expense as of the acquisition date. In addition, the
Company has acquired the rights to certain software which the Company intends to
develop further for commercial sale. Purchased research and development includes
$597, which represents the estimated fair value of projects that have not yet
reached technological feasibility and have no future alternative use.
54
(12) FINANCIAL INFORMATION BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA
The Company does not believe there are any legal or other restrictions upon
the repatriation of international earnings to the parent company.
Domestic and export sales by destination as a percentage of total revenues
are as follows:
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------
1995 1996 1997
--------- --------- ---------
United States........................................................ 73.1% 60.8% 56.6%
Europe............................................................... 14.5 27.6 33.1
Other................................................................ 12.4 11.6 10.3
--------- --------- ---------
100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
--------- --------- ---------
--------- --------- ---------
Revenues, net loss and identifiable assets for the Company's United States,
Europe and other international operations are as follows:
UNITED
STATES EUROPE OTHER ELIMINATIONS CONSOLIDATED
--------- --------- --------- ------------ ------------
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1995
Revenues.............................................. $ 46,212 $ 2,742 $ 3,841 $ -- $ 52,795
Loss from operations.................................. (5,037) (2,878) (1,055) -- (8,970)
Identifiable Assets................................... 71,497 2,070 2,333 (4,533) 71,367
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996
Revenues.............................................. $ 35,121 $ 14,992 $ 4,282 $ -- $ 54,395
Loss from operations.................................. (25,280) (2,951) (4,330) -- (32,561)
Identifiable Assets................................... 55,948 16,237 1,531 (17,023) 56,693
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997
Revenues.............................................. $ 39,726 $ 22,751 $ 6,036 $ (922) $ 67,591
Income (loss) from Operations......................... 885 (3,971) (1,697) -- (4,783)
Identifiable Assets................................... 47,161 8,777 3,938 (24,278) 35,598
55
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS ON SCHEDULE
TO COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC.:
We have audited, in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards,
the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 1996 and the related
statements of operations, stockholders' equity (deficit) and cash flows for each
of the two years in the period ended December 31, 1996 of Computron Software,
Inc. included in this Form 10-K, and have issued our report thereon dated April
16, 1997. Our audit was made for the purpose of forming an opinion on those
statements taken as a whole. The schedule listed in Item 14(b) of the index is
the responsibility of the Company's management and is presented for purposes of
complying with the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and are not part
of the basic consolidated financial statements. This schedule has been subjected
to the auditing procedures applied in the audit of the basic financial
statements and, in our opinion, fairly state, in all material respects, the
supplemental financial data required to be set forth therein in relation to the
basic financial statements taken as a whole.
ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
April 16, 1997
(except with respect to
the matter discussed in
Note 6, as to which the
date is March 6, 1998)
56
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
The Board of Directors and Stockholders:
Computron Software, Inc.:
Under date of January 30, 1998, except as to note 6, which is as of March 6,
1998, we reported on the consolidated balance sheet of Computron Software, Inc.
and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997, and the related consolidated
statements of operations, stockholders' equity (deficit), and cash flows for the
year then ended, as contained in the annual report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 1997. In connection with our audit of the aforementioned
consolidated financial statements, we also audited the related consolidated
financial statement schedule for 1997 as listed in the accompanying index. This
financial statement schedule is the responsibility of the Company's management.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on this financial statement schedule
for 1997 based on our audit.
In our opinion, such financial statement schedule for 1997, when considered
in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole,
presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
KPMG PEAT MARWICK LLP
Short Hills, New Jersey
January 30, 1998,
except as to Note 6,
which is as of March 6, 1998
57
SCHEDULE II
COMPUTRON SOFTWARE, INC.
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1995, 1996 AND 1997
BALANCE AT CHARGED TO AMOUNTS BALANCE
BEGINNING COSTS AND WRITTEN AT END
OF YEAR EXPENSES OFF OF YEAR
----------- ----------- --------- ---------
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1995
(Restated)
Allowance for returns and doubtful accounts...................... $ 2,202 $ 2,763 $ (2,937) $ 2,028
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996
Allowances for returns and doubtful accounts..................... 2,028 4,803 (1,747) 5,084
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997
Allowances for returns and doubtful accounts..................... $ 5,084 $ 300 $ (2,328) $ 3,056
58