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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_______________
FORM 10-K
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended January 2, 2000
OR
[_] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from____________ to ____________
Commission File Number 000-21507
_______________
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 11-2723423
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
2026 McGaw Avenue
Irvine, California 92614
(Address of principal executive offices, zip code)
(949)809-1100
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
_______________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Title of each class:
-------------------
Common Stock, Par Value $.0001
_______________
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [_]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K [ ]
As of March 9, 2000, the aggregate market value of the voting stock of the
Registrant held by non-affiliates of the Registrant was $3,729,358,760 computed
using the closing price of $185.00 per share of Common Stock on March 9, 2000 as
reported by Nasdaq, based on the assumption that directors and officers and more
than 10% stockholders are affiliates. As of March 9, 2000 the number of
outstanding shares of Common Stock, par value $.0001 per share, of the
Registrant was 20,390,643.
Information required by Part III is incorporated by reference to portions
of the Registrant's Proxy Statement for the 1999 Annual Meeting of Stockholders,
which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days
after the close of the 1999 fiscal year.
===============================================================================
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains certain forward-looking statements that
are based on the beliefs of, and estimates made by and information currently
available to, the Company's management. Such statements are subject to certain
risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual results may vary from those
expected or anticipated in these forward-looking statements, including those set
forth below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on 10-K. See "Additional Factors
That May Affect Future Results," under Item 7, "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
General
Powerwave Technologies, Inc. ("Powerwave" or the "Company" or "our" or
"we") was incorporated in Delaware in January 1985 under the name Milcom
International, Inc. and we changed our name to Powerwave Technologies, Inc. in
June 1996. Powerwave designs, manufactures and markets ultra-linear radio
frequency ("RF") power amplifiers for use in the wireless communications market.
Our RF power amplifiers, which are key components of wireless communications
networks, increase the signal strength of wireless transmissions from the base
station to a handset while reducing interference, or "noise." Less noise enables
wireless service providers to deliver clearer call connections. Stronger signals
reduce the number of interrupted or dropped calls.
Powerwave manufactures both single and multi-carrier RF power amplifiers
for a variety of frequency ranges and transmission protocols. Single carrier RF
power amplifiers typically amplify a specific call channel. Multi-carrier RF
power amplifiers are capable of amplifying several call channels at one time and
integrate the functions of several RF power amplifiers and cavity filters within
a single unit. Our products are currently being utilized in both cellular and
personal communications services ("PCS") base stations in digital and analog-
based networks. Our products support a wide range of digital and analog
transmission protocols including CDMA, TDMA, GSM, AMPS and TACS. We also produce
RF power amplifiers for the wireless local loop ("WLL") market, which refers to
wireless products designed for fixed, or non-mobile applications which provide
and/or replace traditional wireline telephone systems.
Powerwave was formed in 1985 to develop a line of high-power RF power
amplifiers suitable for use with VHF/UHF, AM/FM transceivers. In addition, we
offered products for use in the land mobile radio ("LMR") industry. For the next
several years, we continued product development in the LMR industry, broadening
our product offerings and selling to a diversified customer base. During this
time, we became active in the air-to-ground market providing RF power amplifiers
for both ground based transmission stations and for installation in airplanes
for on-board telephone communications. In late 1994, we developed a multi-
carrier linear RF power amplifier which could be utilized in the transmission of
radio signals for cellular base stations. In 1995, we began supplying multi-
carrier linear RF power amplifiers for installation in base stations utilized in
the deployment of two digital cellular networks utilizing CDMA technology in
South Korea. These South Korean digital cellular networks began operating during
1996 with two independent service providers offering nationwide coverage. In
1996, we began development of a single carrier RF power amplifier for use in PCS
network base stations. At this same time, Powerwave focused on diversifying our
customer base and expanding our geographic focus. During 1997, we began
supplying single carrier RF power amplifiers for use in the deployment of three
new digital PCS networks utilizing CDMA technology in South Korea. These new
South Korean PCS networks began operating on October 1, 1997, with three
independent service providers offering limited coverage within South Korea. Our
customers in South Korea include Hyundai Electronics Industries Co. ("Hyundai"),
LG Information & Communications, Ltd. ("LGIC") and Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
("Samsung").
While we continued efforts to diversify our customer base, a majority of
our business came from our three South Korean customers due to their strong
demand for products to support the new deployments in South Korea. During the
beginning of 1998, our South Korean-based customers began to postpone,
reschedule and cancel existing orders with Powerwave as a result of the Asian
economic crisis. These actions negatively impacted our results of operations and
financial condition in fiscal 1998. The results of our customer diversification
efforts and the impact
1
of the Asian economic crisis are reflected in the decreased percentage of the
Company's business associated with our South Korean customers for fiscal 1999.
While our customer base has expanded and we are continuing efforts to expand our
customer base, we expect that a limited number of customers will continue to
represent a substantial majority of our net sales for the foreseeable future.
See "Additional Factors That May Affect Future Results--A Significant Amount of
Our Revenues Comes from a Few Customers; --Our Success is Tied to the Growth of
the Wireless Service Market; and --There are Many Risks Associated With
International Operations" under Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
The HP Acquisition. On October 9, 1998, we completed the acquisition of
Hewlett-Packard Company's ("HP") RF power amplifier business and its
manufacturing and research and development facility located in Folsom,
California and its production equipment and manufacturing lines located in
Malaysia, for approximately $65.9 million (the "HP Acquisition"). This business
was part of HP's Wireless Infrastructure Division and was focused on the design
and manufacture of RF power amplifiers for wireless communications, including
cellular, PCS and WLL. Since the acquisition date, we have transferred both the
Folsom and Malaysian production equipment and manufacturing lines to our Irvine,
California facility. We have sold the Folsom facility and have established a new
research and development facility in El Dorado Hills, California.
The HP Acquisition included certain assets, liabilities, operations and
business related to the design, manufacture and marketing of RF power amplifiers
for use in wireless communications. Powerwave purchased all intellectual
property rights to the products as well as in-process research and development
activities. We also assumed certain existing orders for the products acquired.
The products acquired cover a broad range of wireless transmission protocols,
including CDMA, TDMA and GSM.
The HP Acquisition was accounted for as a purchase in the fourth quarter of
1998 and, accordingly, the total purchase price was allocated to the assets
acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values in accordance
with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 16. The purchase price was
allocated to tangible assets acquired of approximately $34.7 million, developed
technology of $11.5 million, in-process research and development of $12.4
million, other intangible assets of $2.7 million and goodwill of approximately
$4.6 million. Our financial statements for the year ended January 3, 1999
include a charge of $12.4 million for the write-off of acquired in-process
research and development expenses associated with the HP Acquisition. The in-
process research and development expenses arose from new product projects that
were under development at the date of the acquisition and expected to eventually
lead to new products but had not yet established technological feasibility and
for which no future alternative use was identified. The valuation of the in-
process research and development projects was based upon the discounted expected
future net cash flows of the products over the products expected life,
reflecting the estimated stage of completion of the projects and an estimate of
the costs to complete the projects.
We believe that our future success depends upon our ability to broaden our
customer base. For the fiscal year ended January 2, 2000, our largest customer
was Nortel Networks Corporation, and related entities ("Nortel"), which
accounted for approximately 41% of our net sales. Also, for fiscal year 1999,
our next four largest customers (in alphabetical order), LGIC, Lucent
Technologies, Inc. ("Lucent"), LM Ericsson Telephone Company ("Ericsson"), and
Samsung, each accounted for more than 5% of our net sales. See "Additional
Factors That May Affect Future Results--A Significant Amount of Our Revenues
Comes from a Few Customers; --Our Success is Tied to the Growth of the Wireless
Service Market; and --There are Many Risks Associated With International
Operations" under Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations".
A limited number of large original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs") account
for a majority of RF power amplifier purchasers in the wireless equipment
market, and our future success is dependent upon our ability to establish and
maintain relationships with these types of customers. While we regularly attempt
to expand our customer base, we cannot give any assurance that a major customer
will not reduce, delay or eliminate its purchases from Powerwave. Such a
reduction would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations and financial condition. See "Additional Factors That May Affect
Future Results--A Significant Amount of Our Revenues Comes from a Few Customers"
under Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations."
2
We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, declining
average sales prices for both our multi-carrier and single carrier amplifier
products. Wireless infrastructure equipment manufacturers have come under
increasing price pressure from wireless service providers, which in turn has
resulted in downward pricing pressure on our products. In addition, ongoing
competitive pressures in the RF power amplifier market have put continued
pressure on us to continually reduce the sales price of our products.
Consequently, we believe that in order to maintain or improve our existing gross
margins in the near term, we must achieve manufacturing cost reductions, and in
the long term we must develop new products that incorporate advanced features
that generate higher gross margins. See "Additional Factors That May Affect
Future Results--A Significant Amount of Our Revenues Comes from a Few Customers;
- --Our Success is Tied to the Growth of the Wireless Service Market; --Declining
Average Sales Prices; and --There are Many Risks Associated With International
Operations" under Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations."
Significant Business Developments in Fiscal 1999
On March 11, 1999, we completed the sale of two million shares of Common
Stock in a public offering at an offering price of $26.75 per share. The
underwriters also exercised their right to purchase an additional 300,000 shares
from Powerwave at the $26.75 offering price on March 22, 1999. Total net
proceeds after the reduction for the underwriting discount and offering expenses
were approximately $57.8 million. On March 31, 1999, we utilized a total of
$22.8 million of the proceeds from our Common Stock offering to repay all of the
outstanding bank debt associated with the HP Acquisition.
At the time of the HP Acquisition, we stated our intention to relocate the
then existing HP Folsom manufacturing to our facility in Southern California.
Commencing in the fourth quarter of 1998, and continuing throughout 1999, we
expanded our manufacturing facility in Irvine, California, to both accommodate
the production lines that we acquired in the HP Acquisition as well as to
increase our manufacturing capacity to address the increased demand for our
products that occurred during 1999. The final relocation of the Folsom
manufacturing activities was completed in the fourth quarter of 1999.
During 1999, we sold the Folsom manufacturing facility under a sale
agreement which provided us use of the building through the end of 1999. In
addition, in October 1999 we leased a new 34,000 square foot facility adjacent
to our existing Irvine facility and relocated our engineering and sales and
marketing departments to this new facility. In December 1999, we leased 27,000
square feet in El Dorado Hills, California, and relocated our Northern
California research and development activities to this facility.
On November 5, 1999, Powerwave announced that it's founder and former
Chairman, Alfonso G. Cordero, had resigned from the Company's Board of
Directors, effective immediately. No replacement director was announced.
Industry Segments and Geographic Information
Powerwave operates in one industry segment: the design, manufacture and
marketing of RF power amplifiers for use in wireless communications networks. We
currently market our products through independent sales representatives as well
as our own internal sales force. For the purposes of Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 131, Disclosures About Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information, we have provided a breakdown of our business
utilizing the management approach in Note 14 of the "Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements" under Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data." Utilizing the management approach, we have broken down our business based
upon the RF frequency in which the product is utilized in, i.e. cellular, PCS,
WLL and other. A summary of our sales by geographic region is incorporated
herein by reference from Note 14 of the "Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements" under Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data."
3
Business Strategy
Powerwave's strategy is to become the leading supplier of high performance
RF power amplifiers used in digital and analog wireless networks worldwide and
includes the following key elements: (i) provide leading technology to the RF
power amplifier industry through research and development that continues to
improve our product's technical performance and establish new levels of
technical performance, to raise our productivity and to lower costs; (ii)
leverage our position as a leading supplier of both single carrier and multi-
carrier RF power amplifiers to increase our market share and expand our
relationships with our existing customers; (iii) continue to expand our customer
base of wireless network OEMs and leading wireless network operators; and (iv)
maintain our focus on the quality, reliability and manufacturability of our RF
power amplifier products.
Our focus on RF power amplifier technology and the experience we have
gained through the implementation of our products in both analog and digital
wireless networks has enabled us to develop substantial expertise in both multi-
carrier and single carrier RF power amplifier technology. We intend to continue
to dedicate significant resources to the research and development of new methods
to improve RF power amplifier performance, including efforts to support next
generation transmission standards known as 3G. We believe that both our existing
product lines and new products in development will enable us to continue to
expand our customer base by offering a broad range of products to meet the
diverse requirements of OEMs and leading wireless network operators. We also
intend to leverage our product lines in an attempt to expand our relationships
with our existing customers and to add new customers. Powerwave has developed
the ability to manufacture both multi-carrier and single carrier RF power
amplifiers in a standard, repeatable manner, which allows for increased
production levels. We believe that we are able to respond quickly and cost-
effectively to new transmission protocols and design specifications by obtaining
components from numerous leading technology companies. We also believe that our
focus on the manufacturability of our RF power amplifier designs should help us
to increase our manufacturing productivity while reducing our product costs. We
believe that this ability to offer a broad range of products represents a
competitive advantage over other third-party manufacturers of RF power
amplifiers.
If our outstanding customer orders were to be significantly reduced, the
resulting loss of volume purchasing could adversely effect our cost competitive
advantage, which would negatively affect our gross profit margins, business,
results of operations and financial condition. See "Additional Factors That May
Affect Future Results--Our Average Sales Prices are Declining; and --We May Fail
to Develop Products that are Sufficiently Manufacturable or of Adequate Quality
and Reliability" under Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
Markets
We sell our RF power amplifier products into various segments of the
wireless communications market. Our primary focus is on the cellular and PCS
markets and during 1999 we derived approximately 74% of our revenues from the
cellular market and approximately 26% from the PCS market. The following
describes the primary segments of the wireless communications market to which we
sell our products:
Cellular and PCS. Cellular networks utilize a number of base stations with
high power antennas to serve a geographical region. Each region is broken down
into a number of smaller geographical areas, or "cells." Each cell has its own
base station which uses wireless technology to receive subscribers calls and
transmit those calls through the wireline public switched telephone network
("PSTN"). Cellular networks operate within the 800 and 900 MHz bandwidths of the
radio spectrum. PCS networks operate in a substantially similar manner as
cellular networks, except that PCS networks operate at 1800 and 1900 MHz
bandwidths and utilize only digital transmission protocols. Transmissions at the
higher frequencies utilized by PCS networks have shorter transmission waves as
compared to cellular frequency transmissions, which tends to limit the distances
PCS transmissions can travel without significant degradation. Lower frequency
signals penetrate into buildings and other obstacles better than higher
frequency signals. Therefore, PCS networks operating at the higher frequency
ranges should require smaller operating cells and more base stations than
existing cellular networks to cover the same total geographic region.
4
In analog cellular networks, each base station is allocated a certain
number of frequency channels, each of which can carry only one call at a time.
Originally, cellular base stations in analog networks used single carrier RF
power amplifiers for each frequency channel allocated to the cell. Many analog
cellular networks are now utilizing a process known as adaptive channel
allocation in order to increase network capacity. In adaptive channel
allocation, which is optimized with multi-carrier RF power amplifiers, unused
channels in cells are temporarily reallocated to augment more heavily utilized
adjacent cells. The signals are amplified simultaneously through a multi-carrier
RF power amplifier which allows for the simultaneous amplification of all
channels within a base station. Multi-carrier RF power amplifiers require
significantly higher linearity than do single carrier designs, but do not
require separate, high-maintenance, tunable cavity filters. By eliminating the
need for separate cavity filters for each channel, multi-carrier RF power
amplifiers reduce overall deployment and maintenance costs associated with base
stations. While adaptive channel allocation using multi-carrier linear
amplifiers has increased the capacity of analog networks, many service providers
still require additional capacity to serve the increased flow of transmissions
through their networks. This has led many service providers to move from analog
networks to digital networks.
In digital networks, calls are segmented into time slots or codes and
transmitted across the entire bandwidth of allocated spectrum, rather than in
single channels of that spectrum. The calls are then reassembled when received
at the base station or cellular phone. While using the entire bandwidth of
allocated spectrum results in greater system capacity, there is a greater
likelihood that even minimal background noise will result in interrupted or
dropped calls. Accordingly, ultra-linear amplification is even more critical in
digital networks than in their analog counterparts. Powerwave provides ultra-
linear multi-carrier RF power amplifiers which are located in base stations and
work to increase the signal strength of outgoing transmissions. Our single
carrier and multi-carrier RF power amplifiers work in base stations with a
variety of other sophisticated electronic equipment, including receivers, radios
and oscillators.
Wireless Local Loop. The WLL market refers to wireless products designed
for fixed, or non-mobile applications which provide and/or replace traditional
wireline telephone systems. Proposed advantages of WLL over traditional
telephone systems include rapid, cost-effective deployment, reduced operational
and maintenance costs, low initial investment costs and hardware which is
capable of providing enhanced services. This infrastructure market is targeted
for both developing countries and established telecommunications markets.
Products
Powerwave designs and manufactures both single and multi-carrier RF power
amplifiers which are sold into the cellular and PCS markets. We also design and
manufacture single carrier RF power amplifiers which are sold into the WLL
markets.
Cellular Series. Powerwave offers both single and multi-carrier RF power
amplifiers for use in cellular networks, including ultra-linear multi-carrier RF
power amplifiers for CDMA, TDMA and GSM digital cellular systems positioned
between 800-960 MHz, as well as analog systems utilizing AMPS and TACS
protocols. Powerwave's ultra-linear multi-carrier RF power amplifiers utilize a
single feedforward loop design, which allows greater operating efficiency and
requires less electrical current than multi-loop designs. Our multi-carrier
design also utilizes an actively switched output combiner (3 or 4 way), which
allows any number of RF power amplifiers to be "hot-swapped", or interchanged,
without a significant loss of power. This design also allows for true cold
standby switching of a standby RF power amplifier, thereby providing network
operators with a backup redundancy solution for even greater reliability. These
RF power amplifiers are designed to be installed in racks of three or four RF
power amplifiers. Smart combiner paralleling units allow for both higher power
as well as system redundancy, which is the ability of the system to remain
operational in the event of the failure of one or more of the paralleled RF
power amplifiers.
We offer various versions of our Cellular Series multi-carrier RF power
amplifiers providing from 25 to 100 Watts (W) or more of average power with
maximum distortion of up to -65dBc or better. Up to 4 units can be combined in
parallel utilizing our fully redundant smart combiner racks for various
effective average power ratings.
5
In the Cellular Series, we also offer single carrier RF power amplifiers
for GSM, CDMA and TDMA operating systems. Products are available in a wide range
of RF output levels. These products are available in versions ranging from
complete stand-alone units to highly integrated RF power amplifiers for tower-
top applications.
PCS Series. The PCS Series offers both single and multi-carrier RF power
amplifiers for use in PCS networks that operate in the international DCS-1800
frequency of 1.8 gigahertz (GHz) and the United States PCS band at 1.9GHz.
Typical system applications include CDMA, TDMA, and GSM protocols with output
power ranging from 5W to 100W. The PCS Series of multi-carrier RF power
amplifiers offers similar power combining, system redundancy, and remote
status/fault monitoring capabilities as our Cellular Series of multi-carrier RF
power amplifiers. The PCS Series of single carrier RF power amplifiers are
available in a wide variety of configurations ranging from complete stand-alone
units to highly integrated RF power amplifiers for tower-top applications.
WLL Series. The WLL Series is our wireless local loop series of RF power
amplifiers offering a reliable means of transmitting wide band signals at
various power levels. They can be used to enhance capacity and coverage area of
current wireless base stations or can be fully integrated into new wireless
local loop site deployment.
Our multi-carrier RF power amplifiers range in price from $5,000 to over
$10,000 per RF power amplifier, based upon the specification requirements. Our
single carrier RF power amplifiers range in price from $600 to $5,000 per RF
power amplifier depending upon product type and specifications. We also sells
racks, cabinets and combiners for multiple RF power amplifiers, ranging in price
from $1,000 to over $5,000, depending upon specifications.
Customers
We sell our products to customers worldwide, including a variety of
wireless OEMs, such as Ericsson, Hyundai, LGIC, Lucent, Metawave Communications
Corporation ("Metawave"), Nokia Telecommunications Inc. ("Nokia"), Nortel and
Samsung. We also sell our products to operators of wireless networks, such as
AT&T Wireless Services ("AT&T Wireless"), BellSouth Cellular Corp. ("Bellsouth")
and GTE Wireless Services Corporation ("GTE Wireless").
For the fiscal year ended January 2, 2000, our largest customer was Nortel,
which accounted for approximately 41% of our net sales. Also, for fiscal year
1999, our next four largest customers (in alphabetical order), LGIC, Ericsson,
Lucent and Samsung, each accounted for more than 5% of our net sales. The loss
of any one of these customers, or a significant loss, reduction or rescheduling
of orders from any of our customers, would have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations and financial condition. See "Additional Factors
That May Affect Future Results--A Significant Amount of Our Revenues Comes from
a Few Customers; --Our Success is Tied to the Growth of the Wireless Service
Market; and --There are Many Risks Associated With International Operations"
under Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations".
Marketing and Distribution, International Sales
We sell our products through a highly technical direct sales force and
through independent sales representatives. Direct sales personnel are assigned
to geographic territories and, in addition to sales responsibilities, manage
networks of independent sales representatives. We also utilize a network of
independent sales representatives selected for their familiarity with our
potential customers and their knowledge of the wireless infrastructure equipment
market. Both the direct sales personnel and independent sales representatives
generate product sales, provide product and customer service, and provide
customer feedback for product development. In addition, the sales personnel and
independent sales representatives receive support from our marketing, product
support and customer service departments.
6
Powerwave's marketing efforts are focused on establishing and developing
long-term relationships with potential customers. Sales cycles for certain of
our products, particularly our base station RF power amplifiers, are lengthy,
typically ranging from six to eighteen months. Our customers typically conduct
significant technical evaluations of our products before making purchase
commitments. In addition, as is customary in the industry, sales are made
through standard purchase orders which can be subject to cancellation,
postponement or other types of delays. While certain customers provide us with
forecasted needs, they are not bound by such forecasts.
International sales (excluding North American sales) of our products
amounted to approximately 33%, 41% and 84% of net sales for the years ended
January 2, 2000, January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997, respectively. Foreign
sales of some of our products may be subject to national security and export
regulations and may require us to obtain a permit or license. In recent years,
we have not experienced any material difficulty in obtaining required permits or
licenses. Foreign sales also subject us to risks related to political upheaval
and economic downturns in foreign nations and regions, such as the economic
downturn in the South Korean and Asian markets in fiscal 1998 and the Brazilian
market during 1999. In addition, our foreign customers typically pay for our
products with U.S. Dollars. As such, a strengthening of the U.S. Dollar as
compared to a foreign customer's local currency effectively increases the cost
of our products for that customer, thereby making our products less attractive
to such customers. See "Additional Factors That May Affect Future Results--There
are Many Risks Associated With International Operations" under Item 7,
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations."
Service and Warranty
Powerwave's warranties vary by product type and typically cover defects in
materials and workmanship. We perform warranty obligations and other maintenance
services for our products at our facilities in California and Seoul, South
Korea. We currently have service employees located in South Korea and utilize
our South Korean sales representative location to provide service support for
the Asian region.
Product Development
We invest significant resources in the research and development of new
methods to improve amplifier performance, including reduced noise and increased
power in the RF amplification process. We also invest significant resources in
the development of new amplifier products to support new transmission protocols,
including EDGE and third generation wireless systems. Our development efforts
also seek to reduce the cost and increase the manufacturing efficiency of both
new and existing products. We are also continuing to pursue various development
efforts which were in-process at the time of the HP Acquisition. Our research
and development staff consisted of 145 people as of January 2, 2000.
Expenditures for research and development amounted to approximately $26.2
million in 1999, $13.5 million in 1998 and $11.5 million in 1997. See
"Additional Factors That May Affect Future Results--We Must Develop and Sell New
Products in Order to Keep Up With Rapid Technological Change" under Item 7,
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations."
Competition
The wireless communications infrastructure equipment industry is extremely
competitive and is characterized by rapid technological change, new product
development and rapid product obsolescence, evolving industry standards and
significant price erosion over the life of a product. Our products compete on
the basis of the following key characteristics: performance, functionality,
reliability, pricing, quality, designs that can be efficiently manufactured in
large volumes, time-to-market delivery capabilities and compliance with industry
standards. While we believe that we compete favorably with respect to the
foregoing characteristics, there can be no assurance that we will be able to
continue to do so.
Our current competitors include AML Communications, Inc., Microwave Power
Devices, Inc. and Spectrian Corporation, in addition to the amplifier
manufacturing operations captive within certain of the leading wireless
7
infrastructure OEMs such as Ericsson, Lucent, Motorola Corporation ("Motorola"),
Nokia and Samsung. Some competitors have significantly greater financial,
technical, manufacturing, sales, marketing and other resources than Powerwave
and have achieved greater name recognition for their existing products and
technologies than we have. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to
successfully increase our market penetration or our overall share of the RF
amplifier marketplace. Our results of operations could be adversely impacted if
we are unable to effectively increase our share of the RF amplifier marketplace.
Powerwave's success depends in large part upon the rate at which wireless
infrastructure OEMs incorporate our products into their systems. We believe that
a substantial portion of the present worldwide production of RF power amplifiers
is captive within the internal manufacturing operations of a small number of
leading wireless infrastructure manufacturers such as Ericsson, Lucent,
Motorola, Nokia and Samsung. Some of these companies regularly evaluate whether
to manufacture their own RF power amplifiers rather than purchase them from
third-party vendors such as Powerwave. These companies could also directly
compete with Powerwave by selling their RF Power Amplifiers to other
manufacturers and operators, including our customers. These companies may enter
into joint ventures or strategic relationships with our competitors. Our results
of operations, net sales and profitability could be adversely impacted if
certain OEMs were to actively market RF power amplifier products in direct
competition with us or continue to manufacture RF power amplifiers internally or
enter into joint ventures or other strategic relationships with our competitors.
If we are not successful in increasing the use of our products by the leading
wireless infrastructure OEMs, there would be a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and results of operations. See "Additional Factors
That May Affect Future Results--Many Wireless Infrastructure Manufacturers have
Internal RF Power Amplifier Production Capabilities; and --The Market in Which
We Operate is Highly Competitive" under Item 7, "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
We have experienced significant price competition and we expect price
competition in the sale of RF power amplifiers to increase. No assurance can be
given that our competitors will not develop new technologies or enhancements to
existing products or introduce new products that will offer superior price or
performance features. We expect our competitors to offer new and existing
products at prices necessary to gain or retain market share. Certain of our
competitors have substantial financial resources, which may enable them to
withstand sustained price competition or a market downturn better than us. There
can be no assurance that we will be able to compete successfully in the pricing
of our products, or otherwise, in the future. See "Additional Factors That May
Affect Future Results--Our Average Sales Prices are Declining" under Item 7,
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations."
Backlog
Our backlog of orders was approximately $98.2 million on January 2, 2000,
compared to approximately $73.7 million on January 3, 1999. We include in our
backlog only the accepted product purchase orders with respect to which a
delivery schedule has been specified for product shipment within six months.
Product orders in our backlog are frequently subject to changes in delivery
schedules or to cancellation at the option of the purchaser without significant
penalty. We regularly review our backlog of orders to ensure that it adequately
reflects product orders expected to be shipped within a six-month period. We
make adjustments as customer delivery schedules change and in response to
changes in our production schedule. Accordingly, we stress that although useful
for scheduling production, backlog as of any particular date may not be a
reliable indicator of sales for any future period.
Manufacturing and Suppliers
Our headquarters and our manufacturing facility are located in Irvine,
California. Our manufacturing process involves the assembly of numerous
individual components and precise fine-tuning by production technicians. The
parts and materials used by us consist primarily of printed circuit boards,
specialized subassemblies, fabricated housings, relays, and small electric
circuit components, such as integrated circuits, semiconductors, resistors and
capacitors.
8
We currently procure, and expect to continue to procure, certain components
from single source manufacturers due to unique component designs as well as
certain quality and performance requirements. In addition, in order to take
advantage of volume pricing discounts, we purchase certain customized components
from single sources. We have experienced, and may in the future experience,
shortages of single-source components. In such event, we may have to make
adjustments to both product designs and production schedules which could result
in delays in production and delivery of products. Such delays could have an
adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition. See "Additional
Factors That May Affect Future Results--We Depend on Single Sources for Key
Components" under Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations."
We obtained ISO 9001 certification, a uniform worldwide quality-control
standard, on our headquarters and manufacturing facility located in Irvine,
California. Numerous customers and potential customers throughout the world,
particularly in Europe, require that their suppliers be ISO certified. In
addition, many such customers require that their suppliers purchase components
only from subcontractors that are ISO certified.
Intellectual Property
We rely upon trade secrets to protect our intellectual property. We execute
confidentiality and non-disclosure agreements with our employees and limit
access to and distribution of our proprietary information. In 1998, we were
granted our first U.S. patent for an aspect of our multi-carrier technology. We
have an on-going program which encourages applications for both U.S. and
international patents for various aspects of our technology. We currently have
over 15 separate U.S. patent applications pending. These efforts allow us to
rely upon the knowledge and experience of our management and technical personnel
and our ability to market our existing products and to develop new products. The
departure of any of our management and technical personnel, the breach of their
confidentiality and non-disclosure obligations to Powerwave or the failure to
achieve our intellectual property objectives may have a material adverse effect
on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We believe that our success depends upon the knowledge and experience of
our management and technical personnel and our ability to market our existing
products and to develop new products. We do not have non-compete agreements with
our employees who are employed on an "at-will" basis. Therefore, employees may
leave us and go to work for a competitor. We have had employees leave us and go
to work for competitors. While we believe that we have adequately protected our
proprietary technology, and we will take all legal measures to protect it, the
use of our processes by a competitor could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our ability to compete successfully and achieve future revenue growth will
depend, in part, on our ability to protect our proprietary technology and
operate without infringing upon the rights of others. We may not be able to
successfully protect our intellectual property or our intellectual property or
proprietary technology may otherwise become known or be independently developed
by competitors. In addition, the laws of certain countries in which our products
are or may be sold may not protect our products and intellectual property rights
to the same extent as the laws of the United States.
The inability to protect our intellectual property and proprietary
technology could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations. As the number of patents, copyrights and
other intellectual property rights in our industry increases, and as the
coverage of these rights and the functionality of the products in the market
further overlap, we believe that companies in our industry may face more
frequent infringement claims. We may in the future be notified that we are
infringing upon certain patent or other intellectual property rights of others.
Although we are not aware of any pending or threatened intellectual property
lawsuits against us, we cannot guarantee that such litigation or infringement
claims will not occur in the future. Such litigation or claims could result in
substantial costs and diversion of resources and could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. A third
party claiming infringement may also be able to obtain an injunction or other
equitable relief, which could effectively block our ability or our customers
ability to distribute, sell or import allegedly infringing products. If it
appears necessary or desirable, we may seek licenses from third parties covering
intellectual property that we are allegedly infringing. No assurance
9
can be given, however, that any such licenses could be obtained on terms
acceptable to us, if at all. The failure to obtain the necessary licenses or
other rights could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
Employees
As of January 2, 2000, Powerwave had 738 full and part-time employees,
including 507 in manufacturing, 145 in research and development, 35 in sales and
marketing and 51 in corporate and administration. None of our employees are
represented by a union. We believe that our relations with our employees are
good.
Contract Personnel
Powerwave also utilizes contract personnel hired from third party agencies.
As of January 2, 2000, Powerwave was utilizing approximately 672 contract
personnel.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our Irvine, California headquarters and manufacturing facility occupy a
105,000 square foot building under a lease expiring in 2006. Our sales and
research and development departments occupy a 34,000 square foot building
adjacent to our headquarters and manufacturing facility under a lease also
expiring in 2006. We also lease 27,000 square feet in El Dorado Hills,
California under a lease expiring in January 2005 for our Northern California
research and development staff. We believe that our current facilities provide
adequate capabilities for our operations.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We may be subject, from time to time, to various legal proceedings relating
to claims arising out of our operations in the ordinary course of business. On
July 16, 1998, a lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court for the
Central District of California, Southern Division, by a stockholder of the
Company, against the Company and certain of our present and former directors and
officers. A similar suit was filed on July 29, 1998. The stockholder in each
suit purports to represent a class consisting of all persons who purchased
Common Stock of Powerwave between June 4, 1997 and January 16, 1998. These
lawsuits allege, among other things, that the defendants violated federal
securities laws by making alleged misrepresentations which the plaintiffs claim
were designed to artificially inflate our stock price and enable the individual
defendants to sell their stock at artificially inflated prices. The Company, our
directors and officers deny the allegations of wrongdoing in the complaints and
intend to vigorously defend against the claims made in the lawsuits. The
ultimate outcome of these suits or any potential loss is not presently
determinable.
In September 1999, a lawsuit was filed against Powerwave by a former
customer. The lawsuit alleges, among other things, that we sold defective LMR
products to this customer from 1994 to 1998. The lawsuit seeks direct damages in
the amount of $1.6 million as well as unspecified punitive damages. We have
denied these allegations of wrongdoing and intend to vigorously defend against
the claims made in this lawsuit. At this time the ultimate outcome of this
proceeding is not determinable.
Powerwave is not currently party to any other legal proceedings, the
adverse outcome of which, individually or in the aggregate, we believe would
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results
of operations. However, any future litigation, regardless of its merits, could
result in substantial costs to us and divert management's attention from our
operations.
10
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth
quarter of 1999.
11
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
(a) Powerwave's Common Stock is quoted on the Nasdaq National Market System
under the symbol PWAV. Set forth below are the high and low sales prices as
reported by Nasdaq for Powerwave's Common Stock for the periods indicated.
High Low
---- ---
Fiscal Year 1998
First Quarter Ended March 29, 1998.................. $20.0000 $ 9.1250
Second Quarter Ended June 28, 1998.................. $22.9375 $13.1250
Third Quarter Ended September 27, 1998.............. $19.0000 $ 6.3750
Fourth Quarter Ended January 3, 1999................ $20.0000 $ 5.6250
Fiscal Year 1999
First Quarter Ended April 4, 1999................... $31.1875 $16.8125
Second Quarter Ended July 4, 1999................... $36.8750 $21.6250
Third Quarter Ended October 3, 1999................. $49.7500 $30.3750
Fourth Quarter Ended January 2, 2000................ $80.0625 $47.8125
There were approximately 51 stockholders of record as of February 25, 2000.
We believe there are approximately 13,600 stockholders of Powerwave's Common
Stock held in street name. We have not paid any dividends to date and do not
anticipate paying any dividends on the Common Stock in the foreseeable future.
We anticipate that all future earnings will be retained to finance future
growth.
(b) During fiscal 1999, Powerwave issued an aggregate total of 1,032,242
shares of Common Stock to officers, directors and employees upon the exercise of
stock options granted under our 1995 Stock Option Plan (the "1995 Plan"), 1996
Stock Incentive Plan (the "1996 Plan") and the 1996 Director Stock Option Plan
at prices ranging from $2.47 to $32.00 per share. Pursuant to the Amended
Stockholder's Agreement dated as of November 8, 1996 (see Note 11 of the Notes
to the Consolidated Financial Statements), a total of 477,328 of the aggregate
shares exercised during fiscal 1999 under the 1995 Plan were offset by a pro
rata redemption from shares provided by those stockholders party to the Amended
Stockholder's Agreement. These stockholders received the option exercise price
in payment for the shares redeemed. The net effect of this Amended Stockholder's
Agreement is to reduce the amount of dilution associated with exercises under
the 1995 Plan as well as reduce the actual number of shares issued by Powerwave
due to option exercises under the 1995 Plan. All remaining exercises under the
1995 Plan will be funded from the shares provided by the original stockholders
and are held in escrow by Powerwave to fund such exercises. In summary, out of
the total of 1,032,242 shares of Common Stock issued upon the exercise of stock
options during fiscal 1999, a total of 477,328 were offset by the pro rata
redemption from shares provided by the original stockholders, a total of 192,271
shares were issued from treasury stock and the remaining total of 362,643 shares
were new issues of Common Stock. Powerwave received aggregate net proceeds of
approximately $5,180,543 from these exercises.
From time to time during fiscal 1999, Powerwave issued an aggregate total of
908,650 nonqualified stock options to purchase Common Stock pursuant to
Powerwave's 1995 Plan, 1996 Plan and 1996 Director Stock Option Plan to
officers, directors and employees of Powerwave at prices ranging from $18.38 to
$76.94 per share. Of this total, 20,900 options were granted pursuant to the
1995 Plan, 867,750 options were granted pursuant to the 1996 Plan, and 20,000
options were granted pursuant to the 1996 Director Stock Option. Exemption from
the registration provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Act") is
claimed, among other exemptions, with respect to the grant of options referred
to above, on the basis that the grant of options did not involve a "sale" of
securities and, therefore, registration thereof was not required and, with
respect to the exercise of options referred to above, on the basis that such
transactions met the requirements of Rule 701 as promulgated under Section 3(b)
of the Act.
12
On March 11, 1999, Powerwave completed the sale of two million shares of
Common Stock in a public offering at an offering price of $26.75 per share. The
underwriters also exercised their right to purchase an additional 300,000 shares
from Powerwave at the $26.75 offering price on March 22, 1999. Total net
proceeds after the reduction for the underwriting discount and offering expenses
were approximately $57.8 million. On March 31, 1999, we utilized a total of
$22.8 million of the proceeds from our Common Stock offering to repay all of the
outstanding bank debt associated with the HP Acquisition. We also utilized $19.0
million of the proceeds for capital expenditures during 1999. The remaining
amount has been invested in short-term money market investments.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Powerwave's consolidated statements of operations for the fiscal years ended
January 2, 2000, January 3, 1999, and December 28, 1997 and consolidated balance
sheets as of January 2, 2000 and January 3, 1999 included herein have been
audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors. Powerwave's consolidated
statements of operations for the fiscal years ended December 29, 1996 and
December 31, 1995 and consolidated balance sheets as of December 28, 1997,
December 29, 1996 and December 31, 1995 not included herein, have also been
audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors. The information set
forth below is not necessarily indicative of the results of future operations
and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and
notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Fiscal Years Ended
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
January 2, January 3, December 28, December 29, December 31,
2000 1999 1997 1996 1995
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
(in thousands, except per share data)
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:
Net sales $292,547 $100,231 $119,709 $ 60,331 $ 36,044
Operating income (loss)......................... 28,725 (7,001) 23,257 12,435 7,564
Net income (loss)............................... $ 20,265 $ (2,966) $ 16,191 $ 7,622 $ 4,480
Basic earnings (loss) per share (1)............. $ 1.02 $ (0.17) $ 0.95 $ 0.67 $ 0.50
Diluted earnings (loss) per share (2)........... $ 0.98 $ (0.17) $ 0.92 $ 0.52 $ 0.31
Basic weighted average common shares (1)........ 19,493 17,178 16,958 11,460 8,999
Diluted weighted average common shares (2)...... 20,224 17,178 17,436 14,606 14,475
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
Cash and cash equivalents....................... $ 76,671 $ 13,307 $ 67,433 $ 32,386 $ 5,861
Working capital................................. 118,566 35,210 67,512 33,243 9,640
Total assets.................................... 223,038 131,985 101,683 46,932 16,463
Long-term debt.................................. -- 17,621 659 520 138
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock............ -- -- -- -- 14,498
Total shareholders' equity (deficit)............ $169,779 $ 71,070 $ 75,480 $ 36,843 $ (3,878)
(1) The 1995 shares outstanding for basic earnings per share only includes the
weighted average common shares outstanding for the year. The 1996 shares
outstanding for basic earnings per share includes the weighted average
common shares outstanding for the year and the conversion of 3,375,900
shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock into 5,063,850 shares of
Common Stock for the period from December 6, 1996 to December 28, 1997.
Giving effect to the IPO, conversion of the Series A Convertible Preferred
Stock into shares of Common Stock for all of 1996 and 1995 would have
resulted in basic earnings per share of $0.54 and $0.32 and weighted
average shares outstanding of 14,181,179 and 14,062,497, respectively.
(2) 1995 and 1996 shares outstanding give effect to the conversion of 3,375,900
shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock into 5,063,850 shares of
Common Stock and the reversal of accrued dividends payable thereon which
occurred upon the completion of our initial public offering of Common Stock
on December 6, 1996.
13
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated
financial statements and notes thereto.
Results of Operations
The following table summarizes Powerwave's results of operations as a
percentage of net sales for the fiscal years ended January 2, 2000, January 3,
1999 and December 28, 1997.
As a Percentage of Net Sales
-----------------------------------------------
Fiscal Years Ended
-----------------------------------------------
January 2, January 3, December 28,
2000 1999 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
Net sales........................................ 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Cost of sales.................................... 71.9 65.9 59.3
----- ----- -----
Gross profit..................................... 28.1 34.1 40.7
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing............................. 5.2 9.5 7.6
Research and development........................ 9.0 13.4 9.6
General and administrative...................... 4.1 5.8 4.1
In-process research and development............. -- 12.4 --
----- ----- -----
Total operating expenses......................... 18.3 41.1 21.3
----- ----- -----
Operating income (loss).......................... 9.8 (7.0) 19.4
Other income..................................... 1.0 2.3 2.2
----- ----- -----
Income (loss) before income taxes................ 10.8 (4.7) 21.6
----- ----- -----
Provision (benefit) for income taxes............. 3.9 (1.7) 8.1
----- ----- -----
Net income (loss)................................ 6.9% (3.0)% 13.5%
===== ===== =====
Years ended January 2, 2000 and January 3, 1999
Net Sales
Our net sales are derived primarily from the sale of RF power amplifiers for
use in wireless communications networks. Sales increased by 191.9% to $292.5
million for the year ended January 2, 2000 from $100.2 million for the year
ended January 3, 1999. The increase in revenue was primarily attributable to
increased demand for our cellular and PCS products. Fiscal 1999 includes
revenues from the sales of products acquired in the HP Acquisition, which are
only included in the results for the fourth quarter of fiscal 1998. For the year
ended January 2, 2000, total sales of cellular products (including both single
and multi-carrier RF power amplifiers and associated equipment) accounted for
approximately 74% of revenues or $215.0 million, compared to approximately 77%
or $77.3 million for the year ended January 3, 1999. Sales of RF power
amplifiers and associated products for PCS networks (consisting mainly of single
carrier RF power amplifiers) accounted for approximately 26% of revenues or
$76.8 million for the year ended January 2, 2000, compared to approximately 20%
or $19.6 million for the year ended January 2, 1999. Sales of LMR RF power
amplifiers accounted for less than 1% of revenues or $0.7 million for the year
ended January 2, 2000, compared to approximately 3% of revenues or $3.1 million
for the year ended January 3, 1999. The reduction on sales of LMR products is
due to both our divestiture of certain LMR products and our strategic decision
to no longer focus resources on this area.
14
Total international sales (excluding North American sales), accounted for
approximately 33% of revenues or $97.3 million for the year ended January 2,
2000, compared with approximately 41% or $41.2 million for the year ended
January 3, 1999. Total Asian sales (which predominately includes sales to South
Korea) accounted for approximately 21% of revenues or $62.2 million for the year
ended January 2, 2000 compared to approximately 30% of revenues or $30.2 million
for the year ended January 3, 1999. We have previously experienced postponement,
rescheduling and cancellation of orders from our South Korean customers which we
believe was due to the economic crisis in South Korea, and Asia in general,
which reduced South Korean wireless service operator's demand for our products.
While we experienced increased demand during fiscal 1999 from our South Korean
customers, we are unable to predict if such demand will continue and if such
order fluctuations, including cancellations, will continue to be experienced
from our customers in Asia or any other areas that have or may have economic and
or financial crisis. In addition, fluctuations in customer's demand can lead to
postponement, rescheduling and cancellation of orders. See "Additional Factors
That May Affect Future Results--A Significant Amount of Our Revenues Comes from
a Few Customers; --Our Success is Tied to the Growth of the Wireless Service
Market: --There are Many Risks Associated With International Operations; and --
Over the Last Three Years, We Have Had a Reliance Upon the South Korean Market."
The reduction and stoppage of the deployment of both the South Korean
digital CDMA cellular and PCS networks during fiscal 1998 did have an adverse
effect on our fiscal 1998 revenues and business with our South Korean customers
and our results of operations. We have continued to operate in South Korea and
Asia and we do not currently plan any reduction in our operations in this
region. Any future delay, rescheduling or cancellation of customer orders or
deployments could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations
and financial condition. For additional information see "Additional Factors That
May Affect Future Results--A Significant Amount of Our Revenues Comes from a Few
Customers; --Our Success is Tied to the Growth of the Wireless Services Market;
- --There are Many Risks Associated With International Operations; and --Over the
Last Three Years, We Have Had a Reliance Upon the South Korean Market."
Sales to customers in countries outside of Asia, primarily in North
America, increased approximately 229% to $230.3 million for the year ended
January 2, 2000 from $70.1 million for the year ended January 3, 1999. For
fiscal 1999, total sales to Nortel accounted for approximately 41% of our
revenues. In addition, sales to the following customers (in alphabetical order),
Ericsson, LGIC, Lucent and Samsung, each accounted for over 5% of revenues for
fiscal 1999. We cannot guarantee that we will continue to be successful in
attracting new customers or retaining or increasing business with our existing
customers. In addition, we believe that a significant portion of our business
with OEMs, such as Ericsson, Lucent and Nortel, is dependent upon the deployment
schedules of wireless network operators who are purchasing infrastructure
equipment from such OEMs and on such OEMs' strategy concerning the outsourcing
of RF power amplifiers. A number of factors may cause delays in wireless
infrastructure deployment schedules for both North American and international
deployments, including deployments in Brazil, Asia, South America and other
areas. Such factors include economic or political problems in the wireless
operator's operating region, delays in government approvals required for system
deployment, and reduced subscriber demand for wireless services. In addition, a
number of factors may cause OEMs to alter their outsourcing strategy concerning
RF power amplifiers, which could cause such OEMs to reduce or eliminate their
demand for external supplies of RF power amplifiers. Such factors include lower
perceived internal manufacturing costs and competitive reasons to remain
vertically integrated. Due to the possible uncertainties associated with
wireless infrastructure deployments and OEM demand, we have experienced and
expect to continue to experience significant fluctuations in demand from our OEM
customers. Such fluctuations could cause a significant reduction in revenues or
reduction in operating income which could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and results of operations. See "Additional Factors
That May Affect Future Results --A Significant Amount of Our Revenues Comes from
a Few Customers; --There are Many Risks Associated With International
Operations; and --Our Quarterly Results Fluctuate Significantly."
Gross Profit
Cost of sales consists primarily of raw materials, assembly and test labor,
overhead and warranty costs. Gross profit margins for fiscal 1999 and 1998 were
28.1% and 34.1%, respectively. The decrease in gross margins compared to the
prior year period was a result of several factors, including increased labor and
overhead costs associated with the significant ramp-up of production personnel
and facilities at our Southern California
15
manufacturing facility due to increased demand for our products and the
transition of the acquired Folsom manufacturing activities to Southern
California during fiscal 1999. The final transition of the Folsom manufacturing
activities was completed in the fourth quarter of fiscal 1999. In addition, our
sales during fiscal 1999 as compared to fiscal 1998 also included a larger
percentage of single carrier RF power amplifiers, which traditionally carry
lower gross margins than multi-carrier RF power amplifiers. All of the products
we acquired in the HP Acquisition were single carrier RF power amplifier
products. We anticipate that we will continue to experience significant labor
and overhead costs. In addition, we currently expect single carrier RF power
amplifier products will continue to account for a significant portion of our
business and that such products will have a negative impact on our future gross
margins. While we continue to strive for manufacturing and engineering cost
reductions to offset pricing pressures on our products, there can be no
assurance that these cost reduction or redesign efforts will keep pace with
price declines and cost increases. If we are unable to obtain cost reductions
through our manufacturing and or engineering efforts, our gross margins and
profitability will continue to be adversely affected. For a discussion of the
effects of declining average sales prices on our business, see "Additional
Factors That May Affect Future Results--Our Average Sales Prices are Declining."
As part of the HP Acquisition, we completed an allocation of the purchase
price of the acquisition to both the tangible and intangible assets and
liabilities acquired in the acquisition. The purchase price allocation is
included in our financial statements for the fourth quarter ended January 3,
1999, and includes an allocation of $11.5 million to developed technology
acquired and $0.2 million to workforce. These amounts were capitalized and are
being amortized on a straight-line basis over five and ten years, respectively,
and are included in cost of sales. For fiscal 1999 and 1998, approximately $3.0
million and $0.7 million, respectively, were amortized and included in cost of
sales. See Note 17 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for more
information concerning the purchase price allocation associated with the HP
Acquisition. As an additional part of the HP Acquisition, we assumed certain
specific liabilities from HP related to the acquired business, including certain
warranty obligations. During fiscal 1999 and 1998, we incurred warranty expenses
of approximately $0.7 million and $0.2 million respectively, which were offset
against specific liabilities assumed in the acquisition.
The wireless communications infrastructure equipment industry is extremely
competitive and is characterized by rapid technological change, new product
development and product obsolescence, evolving industry standards and
significant price erosion over the life of a product. Due to these competitive
pressures, we expect that the average sales prices of our products will continue
to decrease. We have introduced new products at lower sales prices. These lower
sales prices have impacted the average sales prices of our products. Future
pricing actions by us and our competitors may also adversely impact our gross
profit margins and profitability, which could also result in decreased liquidity
and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations. For a discussion of the impact of new products on our business, see
"Additional Factors That May Affect Future Results--We Must Develop and Sell New
Products in Order to Keep Up With Rapid Technological Change."
Operating Expenses
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of sales commissions,
salaries, other expenses for sales and marketing personnel, travel expenses,
charges for customer demonstration units, reserves for credit losses and trade
show expenses. Sales and marketing expenses increased by 59.2% to $15.2 million
for the year ended January 2, 2000 from $9.5 million for the year ended January
3, 1999. As a percentage of sales, sales and marketing expenses were 5.2% and
9.5% for the years ended January 2, 2000 and January 3, 1999, respectively. The
increase in sales and marketing expenses in absolute dollars was primarily
attributable to increases in sales commission costs and increased staffing
levels associated with our increased revenues.
Research and development expenses include ongoing RF power amplifier design
and development expenses, as well as those design expenses associated with
reducing the cost and improving the manufacturability of existing RF power
amplifiers. Current programs include PCS, cellular and wireless local loop
products and next generation "3G" products. Research and development expenses
increased by 94.8% to $26.3 million for the year ended January 2, 2000 from
$13.5 million for the year ended January 3, 1999. Research and development
expenses as a percentage of sales for the years ended January 2, 2000 and
January 3, 1999 were 9.0% and 13.4%, respectively. The increase in actual
research and development expenses was primarily due to increased staffing and
associated engineering costs related to continued new product development and
existing product enhancement efforts. We
16
anticipate that we will continue operating at a higher expense level for
research and development because we intend to continue to emphasize investment
in research and development programs in future periods and continue to pursue
several existing programs acquired as part of the HP Acquisition.
As part of the purchase price allocation of the HP Acquisition, our
financial statements for the year ended January 3, 1999 include the one-time
charge of $12.4 million for the write-off of acquired in-process research and
development expenses associated with the HP Acquisition. The in-process research
and development expenses arose from new product projects that were under
development at the date of the acquisition and expected to eventually lead to
new products but had not yet established technological feasibility and for which
no future alternative use was identified. The valuation of the in-process
research and development projects was based upon the discounted expected future
net cash flows of the products over the products expected life, reflecting the
estimated stage of completion of the projects and the estimate of the costs to
complete the projects. New product development projects underway at HP at the
time of the acquisition included, among others, single carrier CDMA technology,
ultra-linear technology for use in multi-carrier RF power amplifiers and
advanced linear power module technology for use in next generation wireless
communications. At the date of the acquisition, it was estimated that these
projects were approximately 75% complete and it was estimated that the cost to
complete these projects would aggregate approximately $2.5 million and would be
incurred over a two-year period. We incurred approximately $1.6 million of
research and development expenses related to these projects during fiscal 1999
and since the date of the acquisition have incurred a total of $1.8 million of
research and development expenses related to these projects. As of January 2,
2000, we have discontinued further development on the single carrier CDMA
project, as the potential customer for this product has changed its strategic
focus for this type of technology and we were not able to achieve the
technological and economic constraints required for this type of product. As of
January 2, 2000, we believe that the remaining development projects are
approximately 95% complete.
Uncertainties that could impede the progress of converting a development
project to a developed technology include the availability of financial
resources to complete the project, failure of the technology to function
properly, continued economic feasibility of developed technologies, customer
acceptance, customer demand and customer qualification of such new technology,
and general competitive conditions in the industry. There can be no assurance
that the in-process research and development projects will be successfully
completed and commercially introduced.
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and other
expenses for management, finance, information systems, facilities maintenance
and human resources. General and administrative expenses increased by 109.5% to
$12.1 million for the year ended January 2, 2000 from $5.8 million for the year
ended January 3, 1999. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of
sales for the years ended January 2, 2000 and January 3, 1999 were 4.1% and
5.8%, respectively. The increase in general and administrative expenses in
absolute dollars is primarily attributable to increased staffing costs
associated with supporting our increased revenues and personnel. In addition, as
part of the purchase price allocation of the HP Acquisition, an allocation of
approximately $4.6 million, reflecting the value of goodwill acquired, was
capitalized on our balance sheet. This amount is amortized over ten years and
included in general and administrative expenses.
As an additional part of the HP Acquisition, we assumed certain specific
liabilities related to the acquired business, including certain retention
bonuses for contracted HP employees. Since the date of the acquisition we have
paid approximately $1.8 million for these retention bonuses. We also recorded
liabilities related to moving and relocation costs associated with the planned
closure of the Folsom manufacturing facility. During fiscal 1999, we paid
approximately $0.4 million related to these moving and relocation costs. The
final closure of the Folsom facility occurred in December 1999. For additional
information regarding the HP Acquisition, see Note 17 of the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.
Other Income
The Company earned other income, net, of $2.8 million in fiscal 1999
compared to $2.3 million for fiscal 1998. Other income consists primarily of
interest income, net of any interest expense. To fund a portion of the HP
Acquisition, we borrowed $25.0 million under a secured bank credit facility in
October 1998. We repaid this
17
facility in full in March 1999. For fiscal 1999, we had total interest expense
of approximately $0.6 million compared to $0.6 million for fiscal 1998.
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate was 35.8% and 36.5% for the years ended January 2,
2000 and January 3, 1999, respectively. The decrease in our effective tax rate
was due to tax benefits from international sales and research and development
tax credits.
Years ended January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997
Net Sales
Sales decreased by 16.3% to $100.2 million for the year ended January 3,
1999 from $119.7 million for the year ended December 28, 1997. The decrease in
revenue was primarily attributable to decreased sales of our PCS products, as
well as reduced sales of our LMR RF power amplifiers. The decrease in PCS sales
was mainly due to the economic crisis in South Korea, which significantly
reduced South Korean wireless service operators' demand for our PCS and cellular
products beginning in the first quarter of 1998. For the year ended January 3,
1999, total sales to customers in South Korea decreased by 69.6% to $30.2
million from $99.3 million for the year ended December 28, 1997. Partially
offsetting the sharp decline in sales to South Korea, non-Korean based sales
increased by 243% to $70.1 million for the year ended January 3, 1999 from $20.4
million for the year ended December 28, 1997.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 1998, we completed the HP Acquisition
and recognized revenues from the sales of the products acquired, which
contributed to the significant increase in non-Korean based sales. For the year
ended January 3, 1999, total sales of cellular products accounted for
approximately 77% of revenues or $77.3 million, compared to approximately 61% or
$73.1 million for the year ended December 28, 1997. Sales of products for PCS
networks (consisting mainly of single carrier RF power amplifiers) accounted for
approximately 19% of revenues or $18.8 million for the year ended January 3,
1999, compared to approximately 34% or $40.4 million for the year ended December
28, 1997. Sales of LMR RF power amplifiers accounted for approximately 3% of
revenues or $3.1 million for the year ended January 3, 1999, compared to
approximately 5% of revenues or $6.2 million for the year ended December 28,
1997. For fiscal 1998, sales of WLL RF power amplifiers and other products
accounted for $1.0 million or approximately 1% of sales, compared to $32,000 or
less than 1% of sales for fiscal 1997.
For fiscal 1997 and the first nine months of fiscal 1998, the majority of
our single carrier PCS RF power amplifiers were being utilized in the deployment
of new PCS networks being built in South Korea, and a majority of our cellular
multi-carrier RF power amplifiers sold during fiscal 1997 were also being
utilized in the deployment of the digital cellular CDMA networks in South Korea.
During fiscal 1998, the percentage of our RF power amplifiers sold for use in
cellular systems of wireless network operators located in both North America and
other international markets outside of Asia increased by approximately 243% to
$70.1 million, compared to $20.4 million for all of fiscal 1997. Due to the
economic and financial crisis that impacted South Korea, and Asia in general,
the deployments of both the digital cellular CDMA networks and the PCS networks
in South Korea were significantly delayed during fiscal 1998. The reduction and
stoppage of these deployments during fiscal 1998 did have an adverse effect on
our revenues and business with our South Korean customers and our results of
operations. For additional information see "Additional Factors That May Affect
Future Results--A Significant Amount of Our Revenues Comes from a Few Customers;
- --Our Success is Tied to the Growth of the Wireless Service Market and --There
are Many Risks Associated With International Operations."
Total international sales (excluding North American sales), accounted for
approximately 41% of our revenues or $41.2 million for the year ended January 3,
1999, compared with approximately 84% or $101.0 million for the year ended
December 28, 1997. Total sales to customers in South Korea accounted for
approximately 30% of revenues or $30.2 million for the year ended January 3,
1999 compared to approximately 83% of revenues or $99.3 million for the year
ended December 28, 1997. The decrease in sales to customers in South Korea was a
result of
18
the economic crisis in South Korea, and Asia in general, which reduced
South Korean wireless service operators' demand for our products. During fiscal
1998, we experienced postponement, rescheduling and cancellation of orders from
our South Korean customers.
Sales to customers in countries outside of South Korea, primarily in North
America, increased approximately 243% to $70.1 million for the year ended
January 3, 1999 from $20.4 million for the year ended December 28, 1997. For
fiscal 1998, sales to four customers (in alphabetical order), BellSouth, LGIC,
Nortel and Samsung, each accounted for more than 10% of our sales, collectively
accounting for $68.7 million or approximately 69% of revenues for the year.
This compares to fiscal 1997 total sales to South Korean customers of $99.3
million or approximately 83% of revenues with Hyundai, LGIC and Samsung each
accounting for more than 9% of revenues for the year. During fiscal 1997, no
non-Korean customer accounted for more than 6% of revenues. As part of the HP
Acquisition, we significantly increased our sales to Nortel and added Lucent as
a customer. For the fourth quarter of fiscal 1998, total sales to Nortel
accounted for approximately 52% of revenues and sales to Lucent accounted for
over 10% of revenues for the quarter.
Gross Profit
Gross profit margins for fiscal 1998 and 1997 were 34.1% and 40.7%,
respectively. The decrease in gross margins during fiscal 1998 was a result of
several factors, including increased labor and overhead costs associated with
the significant reduction in sales to our South Korean customers which impacted
our total revenues during the first three quarters and the increased labor and
overhead costs associated with operating the Folsom manufacturing facility which
we acquired in October 1998 as part of the HP Acquisition.
For fiscal 1998, the cost of sales includes the amortization of developed
technology and workforce associated with the purchase price allocation from the
HP Acquisition. See Note 17 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
for more information concerning the purchase price allocation associated with
the HP Acquisition.
Operating Expenses
Sales and marketing expenses increased by 5.3% to $9.5 million for the year
ended January 3, 1999 from $9.1 million for the year ended December 28, 1997.
As a percentage of sales, sales and marketing expenses were 9.5% and 7.6% for
the years ended January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997, respectively. The
increase in actual sales and marketing expenses was primarily attributable to
increases in sales commission costs and increased staffing levels. In addition,
as part of the purchase price allocation of the HP Acquisition, sales and
marketing expenses for 1998 include the amortization of the customer list and
non-compete agreement. See Note 17 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements for more information concerning the purchase price allocation
associated with the HP Acquisition.
Research and development expenses increased by 17.3% to $13.5 million for
the year ended January 3, 1999 from $11.5 million for the year ended December
28, 1997. Research and development expenses as a percentage of sales for the
years ended January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997 were 13.4% and 9.6%,
respectively. The increase in actual research and development expenses was
primarily due to increased staffing and associated engineering costs at our
Irvine, California facility, related to continued new product development and
existing product enhancement efforts. In addition, as part of the HP
Acquisition, we added 35 additional engineers who were located in the Folsom
facility.
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and other
expenses for management, finance, facilities maintenance and human resources.
General and administrative expenses increased by 18.0% to $5.8 million for the
year ended January 3, 1999 from $4.9 million for the year ended December 28,
1997. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of sales for the years
ended January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997 were 5.8% and 4.1%, respectively.
The increase in actual general and administrative expenses is primarily
attributable to increased staffing costs. As part of the purchase price
allocation of the HP Acquisition, an allocation of approximately $4.6 million,
reflecting the value of goodwill acquired, was capitalized on our balance sheet.
This amount is amortized over ten years and included in general and
administrative expenses.
19
Other Income
We earned other income, net, of $2.3 million in fiscal 1998 compared to
$2.6 million for fiscal 1997. Other income consists primarily of interest
income, net of any interest expense.
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate was 36.5% and 37.4% for the years ended January 3,
1999 and December 28, 1997, respectively. The decrease in our effective tax rate
was due to tax benefits from international sales and research and development
tax credits.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We have historically financed our operations primarily through a
combination of cash on hand, cash provided from operations, equipment lease
financings, available borrowings under bank lines of credit and both private and
public equity offerings. As of January 2, 2000, we had working capital of $118.6
million, including $76.7 million in cash and cash equivalents as compared with
working capital of $35.2 million at January 3, 1999, which included $13.3
million in cash and cash equivalents. We received net proceeds of approximately
$57.8 million from a Common Stock offering which was completed during the first
fiscal quarter of 1999. We utilized approximately $22.8 million of these
proceeds to retire bank debt associated to the HP Acquisition.
Net accounts receivable increased to $47.5 million at January 2, 2000 from
$31.2 million at January 3, 1999, consistent with the significant increase in
our revenues in fiscal 1999 as compared to fiscal 1998. Net inventory increased
to $31.7 million at January 2, 2000, from $28.6 million at January 3, 1999. Cash
provided by operations was approximately $39.6 million in fiscal 1999, compared
with cash used by operations of $8.7 million in fiscal 1998 and cash provided by
operations of $22.8 million in fiscal 1997. The positive cash flow from
operations during fiscal 1999 was primarily a result of an increase in net
income. The negative cash flow from operations during fiscal 1998 was primarily
a result of an increase in accounts receivable and inventories, a decrease in
accrued expenses and other liabilities, offset by an increase in accounts
payable.
Capital expenditures were approximately $20.6 million and $4.9 million in
fiscal 1999 and 1998, respectively. The majority of capital spending during both
periods represents spending on electronic test equipment utilized in our
manufacturing and research and development areas. In addition, capital spending
for fiscal 1999 includes a total of $3.5 million in leasehold improvement costs.
These leasehold improvements related to the expansion of our manufacturing
facility in Irvine, California, the relocation of our engineering and sales
departments to an adjacent leased building in Irvine, California, and the
relocation of our Northern California based engineering staff to a leased
facility in El Dorado Hills, California.
On April 28, 1998 we purchased $2.5 million of 13.75% Senior Secured Bridge
Notes due April 28, 2000 (the "Notes") from Metawave Communications Corporation,
a supplier of "smart" antennas to the wireless communications market and a
customer, in a private offering. The total amount raised in the offering was
$29.0 million. The Notes initially accrued interest at a rate of 13.75% per
annum and interest was payable semi-annually. The Notes contained provisions to
increase the rate of interest during the life of the Notes if the Notes were not
repaid prior to maturity. The Notes were secured by certain assets of Metawave
Communications Corporation and were redeemed in full on April 28, 1999. Upon the
redemption of the Notes, we received related warrants for shares of Metawave
Communications Corporation Series D Preferred Stock.
On October 9, 1998, we completed the HP Acquisition and the cash price paid
to HP was approximately $57.4 million. We also incurred acquisition costs of
approximately $1.1 million and assumed liabilities of $7.3 million. We financed
the acquisition utilizing $25.0 million of a new $35.0 million secured credit
agreement, and we paid for the remainder of the cash purchase price with our
then existing cash balances.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $39.9 million for fiscal
1999, compared with $20.6 million for fiscal 1998. On March 11, 1999, we
completed the sale of two million shares of Common Stock in a public offering
20
at an offering price of $26.75 per share. The underwriters also exercised their
right to purchase an additional 300,000 shares from us at the $26.75 offering
price on March 22, 1999. Total net proceeds after the reduction for the
underwriting discount and offering expenses were approximately $57.8 million. On
March 31, 1999, we utilized a total of $22.8 million of the proceeds from the
Common Stock offering to repay all of the outstanding bank debt associated with
the HP Acquisition. This included the Term Loan and the Purpose Loan. The
outstanding balances at the time of repayment were $15.5 million for the Term
Loan and $7.0 million for the Purpose Loan. The remaining $0.3 million was for
accrued interest due on the loans. The Term Loan, Purpose Loan and Revolving
Credit Agreement were all cancelled by us on March 31, 1999. We intend to obtain
a new bank revolving credit agreement and have currently initiated discussions
with our banks regarding such new agreement.
The majority of cash provided by financing activities in fiscal 1998 was
from the $25.0 million bank borrowing to finance the HP Acquisition, offset by
the repurchase of 300,000 shares of our Common Stock at a total cost of $3.7
million. As of January 3, 1999, we had repurchased a total of 810,000 shares of
our Common Stock at a total cost of approximately $12.5 million, under a stock
repurchase program. We ended the stock repurchase program with our March 1999
public stock offering. All of the remaining shares we repurchased were reissued
in the March 1999 offering.
As part of the HP Acquisition, we acquired HP's manufacturing and research
and development facility in Folsom, California. Of the purchase price, a total
net value of $8.1 million was allocated to land, land improvements and
buildings. We have transferred production from the Folsom manufacturing facility
to our Irvine facility. On July 15, 1999, we sold the Folsom facility for
approximately $8.4 million. We received approximately $0.925 million in cash
(before expenses) and an interest free note for $7.475 million due December 31,
1999. The note was secured by the land, land improvements and building. In
exchange for the interest free note, the buyer entered into a rent-free lease
with us of the Folsom facility through December 31, 1999. In December 1999, the
note receivable on the Folsom facility was amended to extend the maturity date
to January 27, 2000 and to apply an annual interest rate of 8% beginning
December 31, 1999. The buyer of the Folsom facility made an additional principal
payment of $500,000 on December 30, 1999. The remaining balance of $6.975
million was paid on January 27, 2000.
We had cash and cash equivalents of $76.7 million at January 2, 2000,
compared with $13.3 million at January 3, 1999. We regularly review our cash
funding requirements and attempt to meet those requirements through a
combination of cash on hand, cash provided by operations, available borrowings
under any credit facilities, financing through equipment lease transactions, and
possible future public or private debt and/or equity offerings. We invest our
excess cash in short-term, investment-grade money market instruments.
We currently believe that our existing cash balances and funds expected to
be generated from operations will provide us with sufficient funds to finance
our operations for at least the next 12 months. In the past, we utilized both
operating and capital lease financing for certain equipment used in our
manufacturing and research and development operations and expect to continue to
selectively do so in the future. We may in the future require additional funds
to support our working capital requirements or for other purposes, and may seek
to raise such additional funds through the sale of public or private equity
and/or debt financings or from other sources. No assurance can be given that
additional financing will be available in the future or that if available, such
financing will be obtainable on terms favorable to us or our stockholders when
we may require it.
Disclosure About Foreign Currency Risk
A significant portion of our revenues have been derived from international
sources, with our customers in South Korea accounting for the significant
majority of such revenues. With the reduction in sales to customers in South
Korea, we are pursuing new customers in various domestic and international
locations where new deployments or upgrades to existing wireless communication
networks are planned. Such international locations include Europe and South
America, where there has been instability in several of the region's currencies,
including the Brazilian Real. Although we currently invoice all of our customers
in U.S. Dollars, changes in the value of the U.S. Dollar versus the local
currency in which our products are sold, along with the economic and political
conditions of such
21
foreign countries, could adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations. In addition, the weakening of an international customer's
local currency and banking market may negatively impact such customer's ability
to meet their payment obligations to us. Although we currently believe that our
international customers have the ability to meet all of their obligations to us,
there can be no assurance that they will continue to be able meet such
obligations. We regularly monitor the credit worthiness of our international
customers and make credit decisions based on both prior sales experience with
such customers as well as current financial performance and overall economic
conditions. We may decide in the future to offer certain foreign customers
extended payment terms and/or sell certain products or services in the local
currency of such customers.
Several of the international markets in which we sell our products have
experienced significant weaknesses in their currencies, banking systems and
equity markets in the last few years. Such weaknesses could negatively impact
demand for wireless services and thereby reduce demand for our products. Such a
reduction in demand for our products could have a negative impact on our future
sales and gross margins. Our foreign customers currently pay for our products
with U.S. Dollars. The past strengthening of the U.S. Dollar as compared to the
Brazilian Real or the South Korean Won, effectively increased the cost of our
products by as much as 100% or more for our Brazilian and South Korean
customers. Such a significant increase in the local currency based cost of such
products makes them less attractive to such customers. Accordingly, changes in
exchange rates, and in particular a strengthening of the U.S. Dollar, may
negatively impact our future sales and gross margins. For further discussion of
the risks associated with our international sales, see "Additional Factors That
May Affect Future Results--There are Many Risks Associated With International
Operations."
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Our financial instruments include cash, short-term investments less than
three months and long-term debt. At January 2, 2000, the carrying values of our
financial instruments approximated their fair values based on current market
prices and rates.
It is our current policy to not enter into derivative financial
instruments. We do not currently have any significant foreign currency exposure
since we do not transact business in foreign currencies. Due to this, we do not
have any significant overall currency exposure at January 2, 2000.
European Monetary Union
Within Europe, the European Economic and Monetary Union (the "EMU")
introduced a new currency, the euro, on January 1, 1999. The new currency is in
response to the EMU's policy of economic convergence to harmonize trade policy,
eliminate business costs associated with currency exchange and to promote the
free flow of capital, goods and services.
On January 1, 1999, the participating countries adopted the euro as their
local currency, initially available for currency trading on currency exchanges
and non-cash transactions such as banking. The existing local currencies, or
legacy currencies, will remain legal tender through January 1, 2002. Beginning
on January 1, 2002, euro-denominated bills and coins will be issued for cash
transactions. For a period of up to six months from this date, both legacy
currencies and the euro will be legal tender. On or before July 1, 2002, the
participating countries will withdraw all legacy currencies and exclusively use
the euro.
Our transactions are recorded in U.S. Dollars and we do not currently
anticipate future sales transactions being recorded in the euro. Based on the
lack of transactions recorded in the euro, we do not believe that the euro will
have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash
flows. In addition, we have not incurred and do not expect to incur any
significant costs from the continued implementation of the euro, including any
currency risk, which could materially affect our business, financial condition
and results of operations.
We have not experienced any significant operational disruptions to date and
do not currently expect the continued implementation of the euro to cause any
significant operational disruptions.
22
Year 2000 Compliance
On January 1, 2000, many companies faced a potentially serious information
systems (computer) problem because many software applications and operational
programs written in the past did not properly recognize calendar dates beginning
in the Year 2000. This problem could have forced computers or machines which
utilize date dependent software to either shut down or provide incorrect data or
information. We examined our computer and information systems and contacted our
software and hardware providers to determine whether our software applications
and computer and information systems were compliant with the Year 2000. We
completed an upgrade of our computer operating system and were assured by our
software and hardware providers that our computer systems were fully compliant
with the Year 2000. We also performed our own internal tests of our software and
hardware to confirm that they were Year 2000 compliant.
At this time we have not experienced any material Year 2000 related
problems with our information systems and computer software, and we have not
experienced any material problems with our key suppliers or customers related to
Year 2000. There has been no material impact on our business, financial
condition or results of operations related to the Year 2000.
It is not possible to quantify the aggregate cost of upgrading our computer
operating system and software since they were part of the software and hardware
providers' normal upgrades to our systems. The costs for upgrading our
information systems were funded through our operating cash flows, and we
estimated that we spent approximately $450,000 since 1996 for upgrades of our
information systems and services associated with such upgrades.
We intend to continue to review our information systems as well as monitor
our key suppliers and customers for any undetected Year 2000 problems which may
not yet be apparent. However, we do not currently believe that there are any
undetected Year 2000 problems that could have a material impact on our business,
financial condition or results of operations.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued
Statement No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities" ("SFAS 133"), which we are required to adopt effective in our fiscal
year 2001. SFAS 133 will require us to record all derivatives on the balance
sheet at fair value. We do not currently engage in hedging activities and will
continue to evaluate the effects of adopting SFAS No. 133. We will adopt SFAS
No. 133 in our fiscal year 2001.
Additional Factors That May Affect Our Future Results
Our future operating results may be impacted by a number of factors that
could cause our actual results to differ materially from those stated herein,
which reflect our current expectations. These factors include the following:
. the ability to add new customers to reduce our dependence on any one
customer while maintaining our existing customers;
. the ability to increase demand for our products from major wireless
infrastructure OEMs;
. industry specific factors, including slowdown in demand for wireless
communications and RF power amplifiers;
. the ability to produce products which meet the quality standards of
both our existing and potential new customers;
. worldwide and regional economic downturns and unfavorable political
conditions;
. the ability to timely develop and produce commercially viable products
at competitive prices;
23
. the ability to manage rapid change in demand for our products;
. the availability and cost of components;
. the ability to finance our activities and maintain our financial
liquidity;
. the ability of our products to operate and be compatible with various
OEMs' base station equipment;
. the ability to manage expense levels;
. the ability to manage future product repairs; and
. the ability to accurately anticipate customer demand.
A Significant Amount of Our Revenues Comes from a Few Customers
We sell most of our products to a small number of customers, and we expect
that this will continue. We believe that our future success depends upon our
ability to broaden our customer base and maintain relationships with major
wireless original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, such as Hyundai, LGIC,
Ericsson, Lucent, Nokia, Nortel and Samsung as well as major operators of
wireless networks, such as AT&T Wireless, BellSouth and GTE Wireless.
Our dependence on a small number of major customers exposes us to numerous
risks, including:
. slowdowns or delays in deployment of wireless networks that reduce
customer demand for our products;
. changes in customer forecasts and demand;
. customers leveraging their buying power to change the terms of
pricing, payment and product delivery schedules; and
. direct competition should a customer decide to manufacture RF power
amplifiers internally.
For fiscal 1999, our largest customer was Nortel, which accounted for
approximately 41% of our net sales. Also, for fiscal 1999, our next four largest
customers (in alphabetical order), LGIC, Ericsson, Lucent and Samsung, each
accounted for more than 5% of our net sales. The loss of any one of these
customers, or a significant loss, reduction or rescheduling of orders from any
of our customers, would have a material adverse effect on our business, results
of operations and financial condition. The risks related to our customer
concentration were magnified in 1998 due certain of our customer's geographic
concentration in South Korea which experienced an economic and financial crisis
during 1998. For fiscal 1998, our South Korean customers including Hyundai, LGIC
and Samsung accounted for $30.2 million, or approximately 30% of total net
sales. This was a significant drop from 1997, when our South Korean customers
accounted for $99.3 million, or approximately 83% of our total net sales. During
1999 our South Korean customers accounted for approximately 21% of our total net
sales or $62.2 million.
We believe that continued purchases of our products by OEMs is dependent
upon many factors, including the OEMs view of utilizing third party suppliers of
RF power amplifiers and their current view of wireless infrastructure
deployments and could be significantly reduced due to any delays of such
deployments. A number of factors may cause delays in wireless infrastructure
deployments, including the following such factors:
. economic or political problems in the wireless operator's
operating region;
. delays in government approvals required for system deployment;
and
. reduced subscriber demand for wireless services.
In addition, from time to time OEMs may purchase products from us on a
large quantity basis over a short period of time which may cause demand for our
products to change rapidly. Due to these and other possible uncertainties
associated with wireless infrastructure deployments and OEMs purchasing
strategies, we may experience significant fluctuations in demand from our OEM
customers. Such fluctuations could cause a significant increase in demand which
could exceed our production capacity, which could negatively impact our ability
to meet customers' demands as well as could potentially impact product quality.
Alternatively, such fluctuations could cause a significant reduction in revenues
which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations and financial condition. We cannot guarantee that a major customer
will not reduce, delay or eliminate
24
purchases from us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business,
results of operations and financial condition.
Our Quarterly Results Fluctuate Significantly
We experience, and will continue to experience, significant fluctuations in
sales and operating results from quarter to quarter. Our quarterly results
fluctuate due to a number of factors, any of which could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Factors
that could cause our results of operations to vary include the following:
. variations in the timing, cancellation, or rescheduling of customer
orders and shipments;
. variations in manufacturing costs, capacities and efficiencies;
. capacity and production constraints, including constraints associated
with single-source component suppliers;
. product failures and associated in-field service support costs;
. cancellations or reductions of customer orders and shipments due to
economic slowdowns in the customers' operating regions, such as South
Korea or South America;
. cancellations or rescheduling of customer orders and shipments due to
excess inventory levels caused by changes in demand or deployment
schedules at the customer;
. competitive factors, including pricing, availability and demand for
competing amplification products;
. delays in qualification by customers of new products or redesigns or
delays in qualification of new production facilities;
. warranty expenses;
. the availability and cost of components;
. the timing, availability and sale of new products by us or our
competitors;
. changes in the mix of products having differing gross margins;
. changes in average sales prices;
. long sales cycles associated with our products;
. variations in product development and other operating expenses;
. discounts given to certain customers for large volume purchases; and
. high fixed expenses that increase operating expenses, especially
during a quarter with a sales shortfall.
In addition, while we periodically receive order forecasts from our major
customers, such customers have no binding obligation to purchase the forecasted
amounts. See "--A Significant Amount of Our Revenues Comes From a Few
Customers." Order deferrals and cancellations by our customers, declining
average sales prices, changes in the mix of products sold, delays in the
introduction of new products and longer than anticipated sales cycles for our
products have in the past adversely affected our quarterly results of
operations. We cannot guarantee that our quarterly results of operations will
not be similarly adversely affected in the future.
Our sales to customers are usually made under purchase orders with short
delivery requirements. While we receive periodic order forecasts, customers have
no obligation to purchase the forecasted amounts and may cancel orders, change
delivery schedules or change the mix of products ordered with minimal notice. In
spite of these limitations, we maintain significant work-in-progress and raw
materials inventory as well as increased levels of technical production staff to
meet estimated order forecasts. If customers purchase less than the forecasted
amounts or cancel or delay existing purchase orders, we will have higher levels
of inventory that face a greater risk of obsolescence and excess production
staff. If our customers desire to purchase products in excess of the forecasted
amounts or in a different product mix, we may lack the inventory or
manufacturing capacity to fill their orders. Either situation could have a
material adverse effect upon our business, financial condition and results of
operations and future business with such customers.
Due to these factors, our past results are not reliable indicators of our
future performance. Current operating profitability may fall, and future
revenues and operating results may not meet the expectations of public market
25
analysts and investors. In either case, the price of our Common Stock could be
materially adversely affected. See "--Our Stock Price Has Been and May Continue
to Be Volatile."
Our Average Sales Prices are Declining
Our average sales prices have declined, and we anticipate that the average
sales prices for our products will continue to decline and negatively impact our
gross profit margins. Wireless service providers are placing increasing price
pressure on wireless infrastructure manufacturers, which in turn has resulted in
downward pricing pressure on our products. Competition among third-party
suppliers also has increased the downward price pressure on our products. Since
wireless infrastructure manufacturers frequently negotiate supply arrangements
far in advance of delivery dates, we must often commit to price reductions for
our products before we know how, or if, we can obtain such cost reductions. In
addition, average sales prices are affected by price discounts negotiated for
large volume purchases by certain customers. To offset declining average sales
prices, we must reduce manufacturing costs and ultimately develop new products
with lower costs or higher average sales prices. If we cannot achieve such cost
reductions or product improvements, our gross margins will continue to decline.
We anticipate that single carrier RF power amplifier products will continue
to account for a large portion of our net sales in 2000. The HP Acquisition
included only single carrier RF power amplifier business with no existing multi-
carrier RF power amplifier business. Sales of single carrier RF power amplifiers
have been subject to intense price competition and carry lower gross profit
margins than multi-carrier RF power amplifier products. If we cannot reduce
manufacturing costs on our single carrier RF power amplifiers and such RF power
amplifiers account for an increased percentage of net sales, our overall gross
profit margins will fall.
Our Failure to Manage Future Growth Could Have Adverse Effects
Our ability to compete effectively, capitalize on the HP Acquisition and
manage future growth depends on our ability to:
. effectively expand, train and manage our work force, particularly in
response to fluctuations in demand for various products;
. manage production and inventory levels to meet product demand and new
product introductions;
. manage and improve production quality;
. expand both the range of customers and the geographic scope of our
customer base;
. reduce product costs; and
. improve financial and management controls, reporting systems and
procedures.
Any failure to manage growth effectively could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We Must Retain Key Executives and Personnel
We need to hire and retain highly qualified technical, marketing and
managerial personnel. Competition for personnel, particularly qualified
engineers, is intense, and the loss of a significant number of such persons, as
well as the failure to recruit and train additional technical personnel in a
timely manner, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations and financial condition. The departure of any of our management and
technical personnel, the breach of their confidentiality and non-disclosure
obligations to Powerwave or the failure to achieve our intellectual property
objectives may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
We believe that our success depends upon the knowledge and experience of
our management and technical personnel and our ability to market our existing
products and to develop new products. We do not have non-compete agreements with
our employees who are employed on an at-will-basis. Therefore, employees may
leave us and go to work for a competitor. We have had employees leave us and go
to work for competitors. While we believe that we have adequately protected our
proprietary technology, and we will take all legal measures to protect
26
it, the use of our processes by a competitor could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
There are Many Risks Associated With International Operations
For fiscal years 1999, 1998 and 1997, international revenues (excluding
North American sales) accounted for approximately 33%, 41% and 84% respectively,
of our net sales. These revenues will continue to account for a significant
percentage of our revenues for the foreseeable future. Therefore, the following
risks associated with international operations could have a material adverse
effect on our performance:
. compliance with multiple and potentially conflicting regulations,
including export requirements, tariffs, import duties and other
barriers, and health and safety requirements;
. differences in intellectual property protections;
. difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations;
. longer accounts receivable collection cycles;
. currency fluctuations;
. economic instability, including inflation and interest rate
fluctuations, such as those seen in South Korea and Brazil;
. competition from foreign based suppliers;
. restrictions against the repatriation of earnings from a foreign
country;
. overlapping or differing tax structures; and
. political or civil turmoil.
We have traditionally invoiced all of our foreign sales in U.S. Dollars.
Accordingly, we do not currently engage in foreign currency hedging
transactions. However, as we continue to expand our international operations, we
may be paid in foreign currencies and, therefore, would become exposed to
possible losses in foreign currency transactions. Since we sell our products in
many countries, when the U.S. Dollar becomes more expensive relative to the
currency of our foreign customers, the price of our products in those countries
rises and our sales into those countries may fall. This happened to us in South
Korea during 1998. In addition, as we sell our products into foreign countries,
our products can become subject to tariffs and import duties which raise the
overall price of our products to such a level that our products are no longer
competitive in price to locally based suppliers. If any of the above risks
actually occurs, there may be a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
Our Success is Tied to the Growth of the Wireless Services Market
Most of our revenues come from the sale of RF power amplifiers for wireless
communications networks. Our future success depends to a considerable extent
upon the continued growth and increased availability of wireless communications
services, including cellular and PCS. Wireless communications services may not
continue to grow and create demand for our products. We believe that continued
growth in the use of wireless communications services depends, in part, on
lowering the cost per subscriber by reducing the costs of the infrastructure
capital equipment and thereby enabling reductions in wireless service pricing.
Although FCC regulations require local phone companies to reduce the rates
charged to wireless carriers for connection to their wireline networks, wireless
service rates will probably remain higher than rates charged by traditional
wireline companies.
The expansion of wireless communications services depends on developed
countries, such as the United States, continuing to allow deployment of new
networks and upgrades to existing networks, and on less developed countries
deploying wireless communications networks.
Our performance could be adversely affected by any of the following risks:
. failure of local governments or foreign countries to allow
construction of new wireless communications systems;
27
. termination or delays by local governments or foreign countries of
existing construction of wireless communications systems;
. imposition of moratoriums by local governments or foreign countries on
building new base stations for existing wireless communications
systems; and
. foreign authorities may disfavor wireless communications systems
because of environmental concerns, political unrest, economic
downturns, favorable prices for other communications services or
delays in implementing wireless communications systems.
Over the Last Three Years, We Have Had a Reliance Upon the South Korean Market
Three of our customers, Hyundai, LGIC and Samsung, are based in South Korea
and collectively accounted for approximately 21% of our net sales for fiscal
1999. For fiscal 1998, customers based in South Korea collectively accounted for
approximately 30% of our net sales and they accounted for approximately 83% of
our net sales for fiscal 1997. These customers have purchased products primarily
for deployment in the South Korean digital cellular and PCS networks.
The build-out of the South Korean digital cellular networks began in 1995
with two independent service providers offering digital CDMA service beginning
in 1996. In contrast, the build-out of the South Korean PCS networks began in
the first quarter of 1997 with four service providers. We provided multi-carrier
cellular RF power amplifiers starting from the initial stages of the digital
cellular network buildout in South Korea. During 1997, we began shipping, in
volume, PCS single carrier RF power amplifiers for use in the new PCS networks
being built in South Korea. Sales to our South Korean customers for the South
Korean PCS networks represented substantially all of our PCS sales during fiscal
1997 and approximately 86% of our PCS sales for the first nine months of fiscal
1998. Since the completion of the HP Acquisition, we have significantly
increased our non-Korean PCS sales.
The delay, postponement and cancellation of the build-out of the South
Korean digital wireless networks which occurred during 1998, did have an adverse
effect on our revenues and results of operations during fiscal 1998. The
continued delay, termination or early completion of the infrastructure build-out
of the South Korean digital wireless networks could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Further,
even if these networks are developed as originally anticipated, we cannot
guarantee that our products will continue to be purchased by our South Korean
customers or be capable of being manufactured at competitive prices in
sufficient volumes.
The economic and financial crisis in Asia and South Korea caused a
reduction in the value of the South Korean Won when compared to the U.S. dollar.
This reduction in purchasing value caused a reduction in South Korean wireless
service operators' demand for our products. Our South Korean customers pay for
products with U.S. dollars. As such, the strengthening of the U.S. dollar as
compared to the South Korean Won during 1998, increased the effective cost of
our products by at times as much as 100% or more for our South Korean customers.
The resulting significant increase in the local currency cost of such products
made them less attractive to our customers. Additionally, due to the economic
problems the South Korean banking network faced in 1998, it became more
difficult for local operating companies to raise additional financing to support
the increased costs of their infrastructure buildout. Please note that the types
of economic problems experienced in Asia have been encountered in other areas of
the world where we operate, such as Brazil in South America.
Due to the numerous factors involved, we are unable to predict when, if
ever, these networks will be completed pursuant to the South Korean wireless
network operators' original build-out projections. In addition we are unable to
predict what levels such sales will be for fiscal 2000.
Hyundai, LGIC and Samsung have also been marketing wireless infrastructure
equipment for installation in networks outside of the South Korean market. We
cannot predict whether such customers will be successful in obtaining new
business outside of South Korea or that, if successful, they will continue to
purchase RF power amplifiers from us. Any further significant decrease in our
sales of RF power amplifiers to these customers, without an
28
offsetting increase in sales to other customers, could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We Depend on Single Sources for Key Components
A number of the parts used in our products are available from only one or a
limited number of outside suppliers due to unique component designs as well as
certain quality and performance requirements. To take advantage of volume
pricing discounts, we also purchase certain customized components from single
sources. We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, shortages of
single-sourced components. Shortages have compelled us to adjust our product
designs and production schedules. If single-sourced components become
unavailable in sufficient quantities or available only on unsatisfactory terms,
we would be required to purchase comparable components from other sources and
"retune" our products to function with the replacement components, or we may be
required to redesign our products to use other components, either of which could
delay production and delivery of our products. In addition, our reliance on
certain single-sourced components could expose us to quality control issues if
such suppliers experienced a failure in their production process. A failure in a
single-sourced component could force us to repair or replace a product utilizing
replacement components. Such a requirement could have a materially adverse
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In
addition, if we could not obtain comparable replacements or effectively retune
or redesign our products, there could be a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations and financial condition.
The RF power amplifier business which we acquired in the HP Acquisition
utilized certain custom components manufactured by HP. We had a one-year supply
commitment from HP for these components and we have begun sourcing certain
components from new suppliers, as well as we have redesigned products to no
longer utilize such components.
Due to the our reliance on certain single-sourced customized components, if
we experience an abrupt reduction in customer demand, we may end up with excess
inventories of such components due to the nature of the volume purchasing
agreements that we enter to obtain component cost reductions. If we are unable
to utilize such components in a timely manner and are unable to sell such
components due to their customized nature, the resulting negative impact on our
liquidity and resulting increased inventory levels could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The Market in Which We Operate is Highly Competitive
The wireless communications infrastructure equipment industry is extremely
competitive and is characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new
product development, rapid product obsolescence, evolving industry standards and
significant price erosion over the life of a product. Our products compete on
the basis of the following key characteristics:
. performance;
. functionality;
. reliability;
. pricing;
. quality;
. designs that can be efficiently manufactured in large volumes;
. time-to-market delivery capabilities; and
. compliance with industry standards.
While we believe that we compete favorably with respect to these
characteristics at present, this may change. If we fail to address our
competitive challenges, there could be a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our current competitors include AML Communications, Inc., Microwave Power
Devices, Inc. and Spectrian Corporation, in addition to the RF power amplifier
manufacturing operations of the leading wireless infrastructure
29
manufacturers such as Ericsson, Lucent, Motorola, Nokia and Samsung. Some
competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing,
sales, marketing and other resources than we do and have achieved greater name
recognition for their products and technologies than we have. We may not be able
to successfully increase our market penetration or our overall share of the RF
power amplifier market. Our results of operations could be adversely impacted if
we are unable to effectively increase our share of the RF power amplifier
market.
Our future success depends largely upon the rate at which wireless
infrastructure manufacturers incorporate our products into their systems. A
substantial portion of the present worldwide production of RF power amplifiers
is captive within the internal manufacturing operations of leading wireless
infrastructure manufacturers such as Ericsson, Lucent, Motorola, Nokia and
Samsung. These companies regularly evaluate whether to manufacture their own RF
power amplifiers rather than purchase them from us. These companies could also
directly compete with us by selling their RF power amplifiers to other
manufacturers and operators, including our customers. If we are not successful
in increasing the use of our products by the leading wireless infrastructure
manufacturers, there would be a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition and results of operations.
We Must Develop and Sell New Products in Order to Keep Up With Rapid
Technological Change
The markets in which we compete are characterized by:
. rapidly changing technology;
. evolving industry standards and communications protocols; and
. frequent improvements in products and services.
To succeed, we must improve current products and develop and introduce new
products that are competitive in terms of price, performance and quality. These
products must adequately address the requirements of wireless infrastructure
manufacturing customers and end-users.
To develop new products, we invest in the research and development of RF
power amplifiers for wireless communications networks. We target our research
and development efforts on major wireless network deployments worldwide, which
cover a broad range of frequency and transmission protocols. In addition, we are
currently working on products for third generation networks as well as
development projects for products requested by our customers. In spite of our
efforts, the deployment of a wireless network may be delayed which could cause a
particular research or development effort to not generate a revenue producing
product. Additionally, the new products we develop may not achieve market
acceptance or may not be manufacturable at competitive prices in sufficient
volumes. We cannot guarantee the success of our research and development
efforts.
We also continue efforts to improve our existing cellular and PCS lines of
RF power amplifier products. Any delays in the shipment of these products may
cause customer dissatisfaction and delay or loss of product revenues. In
addition, it is possible that a significant number of development projects will
not result in manufacturable new products or product improvements.
If we fail to develop new products or improve existing products in a timely
manner, there will be a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
We May Fail to Develop Products that are Sufficiently Manufacturable or of
Adequate Quality and Reliability
Manufacturing our products is a complex process and requires significant
time and expertise to meet customers' specifications. Successful manufacturing
is substantially dependent upon our ability to tune these products to meet
specifications in an efficient manner. In this regard, we depend on our staff of
trained technicians. If we cannot design our products to minimize the manual
tuning process or if we are unable to attract additional trained technicians, or
we lose a number of our trained technicians, it would have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
30
We have had quality problems with our products in the past and may have
similar problems in the future. We have replaced components in some products in
accordance with our product warranties. We believe that our overall relationship
with our customers is good and that they consider our products to be of good
quality. We also believe that our customers will demand increasingly stringent
product performance and reliability, particularly in domestic markets. We cannot
provide any assurance that our product designs will remain successful or that
they will keep pace with technological developments, evolving industry standards
and new communications protocols. We may fail to adequately improve product
quality and meet the quality standards of our customers, which could cause us to
lose such customers. Design problems could damage relationships with existing
and prospective customers and could limit our ability to market our products to
large wireless infrastructure manufacturers, many of which build their own, high
quality RF power amplifiers and have stringent quality control standards. See
"--Many Wireless Infrastructure Manufacturers have Internal RF Power Amplifier
Production Capabilities."
The Sales Cycle for Our Products is Lengthy
The sales cycle associated with our products is typically lengthy, often
lasting from six to eighteen months. Our customers normally conduct significant
technical evaluations of our products and our competitors' products before
making purchase commitments. Our OEM customers typically require extensive
technical qualification of our products before they are integrated into each
OEM's products. This qualification process involves a significant investment of
time and resources from us and the OEMs to ensure that our product designs are
fully qualified to perform with each OEM's equipment. Also, individual wireless
network operators can subject our products to field and evaluation trials, which
can last anywhere from one to nine months, before making a purchase. The
qualification and evaluation process and the customer field trials may delay the
shipment of sales forecasted for a specific customer for a particular quarter
and our operating results for that quarter could be materially adversely
affected.
Many Wireless Infrastructure Manufacturers have Internal RF Power Amplifier
Production Capabilities
Many of the leading wireless infrastructure equipment manufacturers
internally manufacture their own RF power amplifiers. We believe that our
existing customers continuously evaluate whether to manufacture their own RF
power amplifiers. Certain of our customers regularly produce RF power amplifiers
in an attempt to replace products manufactured by us. We believe that this
practice will continue. In addition, LGIC, one of our customers, previously
entered into a joint venture manufacturing arrangement with one of our
competitors. In the event that our customers manufacture their own RF power
amplifiers, such customers could reduce or eliminate their purchases of our
products. We cannot guarantee that our current customers will continue to rely,
or expand their reliance, on us as an external source of supply for their RF
power amplifiers.
Wireless infrastructure equipment manufacturers with internal manufacturing
capabilities could also sell RF power amplifiers externally to other
manufacturers, thereby competing directly with us. In addition, even if we are
successful in selling our products to these customers, we believe that such
customers will demand price and other concessions based on their ability to
manufacture RF power amplifiers internally. If, for any reason, our major
customers decide to produce their RF power amplifiers internally or through
joint ventures with other competitors, or require us to participate in joint
venture manufacturing with them, our business, results of operations and
financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
Protection of Our Intellectual Property is Limited; Risk of Third-Party
Claims of Infringement
We rely upon trade secrets to protect our intellectual property. We execute
confidentiality and non-disclosure agreements with our employees and limit
access to and distribution of our proprietary information. In 1998, we were
granted our first U.S. patent for an aspect of our multi-carrier technology. In
addition we have applied for several additional U.S. and international patents
for various aspects of our proprietary technology. These efforts allow us to
rely upon the knowledge and experience of our management and technical
personnel, to market our existing products and to develop new products. The
departure of any of our management and technical personnel, the breach of their
confidentiality and non-disclosure obligations to us or the failure to achieve
our intellectual property objectives may have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and results of operations.
31
We do not have non-compete agreements with our employees who are employed
on an "at-will" basis. Therefore, employees may leave us and go to work for a
competitor. We have had employees leave us and go to work for competitors. While
we believe that we have adequately protected our proprietary technology, and we
will take all legal measures to protect it, the use of our processes by a
competitor could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
Our ability to compete successfully and achieve future revenue growth will
depend, in part, on our ability to protect our proprietary technology and
operate without infringing the rights of others. We may fail to do so. In
addition, the laws of certain countries in which our products are or may be sold
may not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent
as the laws of the United States.
As the number of patents, copyrights and other intellectual property rights
in our industry increases, and as the coverage of these rights and the
functionality of the products in the market further overlap, we believe that
companies in our industry may face more frequent infringement claims. Although
there are no pending or threatened intellectual property lawsuits against us, we
may face litigation or infringement claims in the future. Such claims could
result in substantial costs and diversion of our resources.
A third party claiming infringement may also obtain an injunction or other
equitable relief, which could effectively block the distribution or sale of
allegedly infringing products. Although we may seek licenses from third parties
covering intellectual property that we are allegedly infringing, we cannot
guarantee that any such licenses could be obtained on acceptable terms, if at
all.
Certain of our customers and other wireless communications infrastructure
equipment manufacturers may decide to protect their intellectual property by
deciding not to purchase RF power amplifiers from external sources. The
appearance of a close working relationship with a particular customer may
adversely affect our ability to establish or maintain a relationship with, or
sell products to, competitors of that particular customer. The failure of our
major customers to purchase products from us due to our relationship with other
customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
Actual or Alleged Defects in Our Products May Create Liability to Those
Claiming Injury
Any of the following could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition and results of operations:
. if systems or devices relying on or incorporating our products are
determined or alleged to create a health risk, causing us to be named
as a defendant, and held liable, in a product liability lawsuit;
. delays or prohibitions on the installation of wireless communications
networks due to alleged health or environmental risks; and
. our inability to maintain insurance at an acceptable cost or to
otherwise protect against potential product liability lawsuits.
Government Regulation of the Communications Industry
The products that we manufacture are regulated. We must obtain regulatory
approvals to manufacture and sell our products and our customers must obtain
approvals to operate our products. The FCC has adopted regulations that impose
stringent RF emissions standards on the communications industry. These
regulations may require that we alter the manner in which radio signals are
transmitted or otherwise alter the equipment transmitting such signals. We are
also subject to regulatory requirements in international markets where prominent
local competitors may have the ability to influence regulations in situations
where we do not.
The enactment by governments of new laws or regulations or a change in the
interpretation of existing regulations could adversely affect the market for our
products. Recent deregulation of international communications industries along
with RF spectrum allocations made by the FCC have increased the potential demand
for our products. We cannot guarantee that the trend toward deregulation and
current regulatory
32
developments favorable to the promotion of new and expanded wireless services
will continue or that other future regulatory changes will have a positive
impact on us. The increasing demand for wireless communications has exerted
pressure on regulatory bodies worldwide to adopt new standards for such
products, generally following extensive investigation and deliberation over
competing technologies. In the past, the delays inherent in this governmental
approval process have caused, and may in the future cause, the cancellation,
postponement or rescheduling of the installation of communications systems by
our customers. These delays could have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our Stock Price Has Been and May Continue to Be Volatile
The price of our Common Stock has exhibited high levels of volatility with
significant volume and price fluctuations, which makes our Common Stock not
suitable for all investors. In addition, the stock market has from time to time
experienced significant price and volume fluctuations. The fluctuations in the
stock market are often unrelated to the operating performance of particular
companies, and the market prices for securities of technology companies have
been especially volatile. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect
the market price of our Common Stock. Our stock price may be affected by the
factors discussed above as well as:
. fluctuations in our results of operations or the operations of our
competitors;
. failure of such results of operations to meet the expectations of
stock market analysts and investors;
. sales of a significant number of shares of restricted securities in
the market;
. changes in the political or economic outlook of the markets into which
we sell our products (such as South Korea or Brazil);
. changes in stock market analyst recommendations regarding us or our
competitors;
. the timing and announcements of technological innovations or new
products by us or our competitors;
. changes in the wireless communications industry; and
. general market conditions.
Risk of Litigation
We are subject to various legal proceedings from time to time as part of
our business. In July 1998, lawsuits were filed by certain of our stockholders
against us and certain of our present and former directors and officers. The
stockholders bringing these lawsuits claim to represent a class consisting of
all persons who purchased our Common Stock between June 4, 1997 and January 16,
1998. These lawsuits allege, among other things, that we (and our officers and
directors) violated federal securities laws by making misrepresentations
designed to artificially inflate our stock price and allow certain individuals
to sell their Common Stock at artificially inflated prices. We, and our
directors and officers, deny the allegations of wrongdoing and intend to
vigorously defend the lawsuits, although the ultimate outcome of these
proceedings is not currently determinable.
In September 1999, a lawsuit was filed against us by a former customer. The
lawsuit alleges, among other things, that we sold defective LMR products to this
customer from 1994 to 1998. The lawsuit seeks direct damages in the amount of
$1.6 million as well as unspecified punitive damages. We deny these allegations
of wrongdoing and intend to vigorously defend against the claims made in this
lawsuit. At this time the outcome of the proceedings is not determinable.
Powerwave is not currently party to any other legal proceedings, the
adverse outcome of which, individually or in the aggregate, we believe would
have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results
of operations. In addition, litigation, regardless of its merits, could result
in substantial costs to us and divert management's attention from our
operations.
33
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Index to Financial Statements/Schedule:
Consolidated Financial Statements Page
- --------------------------------- ----
Independent Auditors' Report...................................................................... 35
Consolidated Balance Sheets--January 2, 2000 and January 3, 1999.................................. 36
Consolidated Statements of Operations--Three years ended January 2, 2000.......................... 37
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity--Three years ended January 2, 2000................ 38
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows--Three years ended January 2, 2000.......................... 39
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements........................................................ 41
Financial Statement Schedule
Schedule II--Valuation and Qualifying Accounts--Three years ended January 2, 2000................. 63
Exhibit 11.1--Computation of Net Income (Loss) per Share.......................................... 64
ITEM 9. CHANGES AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE
Not Applicable.
34
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Powerwave Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Powerwave
Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of January 2, 2000 and
January 3, 1999, and the related consolidated statements of operations,
shareholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended January 2, 2000. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule
listed in Item 8. These financial statements and financial statement schedule
are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement
schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of Powerwave Technologies, Inc.
and subsidiaries as of January 2, 2000 and January 3, 1999, and the results of
their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended January 2, 2000, in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such financial
statement schedule, when considered in relation to the consolidated financial
statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the
information set forth therein.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Costa Mesa, California
January 18, 2000
35
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share data)
January 2, January 3,
2000 1999
---------- ----------
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents....................................................... $ 76,671 $ 13,307
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,988 and
$1,270 at January 2, 2000 and January 3, 1999, respectively.................... 47,476 31,212
Inventories, net................................................................ 31,696 28,583
Prepaid expenses and other current assets....................................... 2,449 1,633
Notes receivable................................................................ 7,045 --
Deferred tax assets............................................................. 5,888 3,303
---------- ----------
Total current assets......................................................... 171,225 78,038
Property and equipment............................................................ 45,286 26,286
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization.................................... (12,354) (5,838)
---------- ----------
Net property and equipment...................................................... 32,932 20,448
---------- ----------
Assets held for sale, net......................................................... -- 8,122
Intangible assets, net............................................................ 14,344 17,916
Deferred tax assets............................................................... 4,507 4,254
Other non-current assets.......................................................... 30 3,207
---------- ----------
Total assets................................................................. $ 223,038 $ 131,985
========== ==========
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable................................................................ $ 30,128 $ 18,667
Accrued expenses and other liabilities.......................................... 19,399 13,918
Current portion of long-term debt............................................... 125 6,528
Income taxes payable............................................................ 3,007 3,715
---------- ----------
Total current liabilities.................................................... 52,659 42,828
Long-term debt, net of current portion............................................ -- 17,621
Other non-current liabilities..................................................... 600 466
---------- ----------
Total liabilities............................................................ 53,259 60,915
---------- ----------
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)........................................... -- --
Shareholders' Equity:
Preferred Stock, $.0001 par value, 5,000 shares authorized and no shares
outstanding................................................................... -- --
Common Stock, $.0001 par value, 40,000 shares authorized, 20,163 shares
issued and outstanding at January 2, 2000 and 17,956 shares
issued and 17,250 shares outstanding at January 3, 1999....................... 120,785 65,027
Retained earnings............................................................... 48,994 28,729
Less treasury stock at cost..................................................... -- (22,686)
---------- ----------
Total shareholders' equity................................................... 169,779 71,070
---------- ----------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity................................... $ 223,038 $ 131,985
========== ==========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements
36
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
Years Ended
-------------------------------------------
January 2, January 3, December 28,
2000 1999 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
Net sales..................................................... $ 292,547 $ 100,231 $ 119,709
Cost of sales................................................. 210,305 66,056 71,027
------------ ------------ ------------
Gross profit.................................................. 82,242 34,175 48,682
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing......................................... 15,179 9,533 9,053
Research and development.................................... 26,250 13,472 11,483
General and administrative.................................. 12,088 5,771 4,889
In-process research and development......................... -- 12,400 --
------------ ------------ ------------
Total operating expenses................................. 53,517 41,176 25,425
------------ ------------ ------------
Operating income (loss)....................................... 28,725 (7,001) 23,257
Other income, net............................................. 2,846 2,330 2,601
------------ ------------ ------------
Income (loss) before income taxes............................. 31,571 (4,671) 25,858
Provision (benefit) for income taxes.......................... 11,306 (1,705) 9,667
------------ ------------ ------------
Net income (loss)............................................. $ 20,265 $ (2,966) $ 16,191
============ ============ ============
Basic earnings (loss) per share............................... $ 1.02 $ (0.17) $ 0.95
============ ============ ============
Diluted earnings (loss) per share............................. $ 0.98 $ (0.17) $ 0.92
============ ============ ============
Basic weighted average common shares.......................... 19,493 17,178 16,958
============ ============ ============
Diluted weighted average common shares........................ 20,224 17,178 17,436
============ ============ ============
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
37
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(in thousands)
Common Stock Treasury Stock
------------------ -----------------
Shares Amount Shares Amount
------- --------- ------- ---------
Balance at December 29, 1996....................................................... 15,863 $ 33,570 5,064 $(12,231)
Issuance of Common Stock related to the exercise of stock options.................. 510 1,639 -- --
Tax benefit related to stock option exercises...................................... -- 4,459 -- --
Compensation expense related to stock option grants................................ -- 39 -- --
Issuance of Common Stock related to the Employee Stock Purchase
Plan............................................................................ 41 400 -- --
Tax benefit related to the sale of shares purchased under the Employee
Stock Purchase Plan................................................................ -- 200 -- --
Exercise of over-allotment, related to the IPO, net................................ 360 3,884 -- --
Issuance of Common Stock related to the secondary offering, net.................... 1,000 20,610 -- --
Repurchases of Common Stock........................................................ (510) -- 510 (8,785)
Net income......................................................................... -- -- -- --
------ -------- ------ --------
Balance at December 28, 1997....................................................... 17,264 $ 64,801 5,574 $(21,016)
Issuance of Common Stock related to the exercise of stock options.................. 229 (728) (70) 1,392
Tax benefit related to stock option exercises...................................... -- 893 -- --
Compensation expense related to stock option grants................................ -- 33 -- --
Issuance of Common Stock related to the Employee Stock Purchase
Plan............................................................................ 57 (27) (34) 679
Tax benefit related to the sale of shares purchased under the Employee
Stock Purchase Plan............................................................. -- 55 -- --
Repurchases of Common Stock........................................................ (300) -- 300 (3,741)
Net loss........................................................................... -- -- -- --
------ -------- ------ --------
Balance at January 3, 1999......................................................... 17,250 $ 65,027 5,770 $(22,686)
Issuance of Common Stock related to the exercise of stock options.................. 555 1,685 (192) 3,495
Tax benefit related to stock option exercises...................................... -- 14,258 -- --
Compensation expense related to stock option grants................................ -- 52 -- --
Issuance of Common Stock related to the Employee Stock Purchase
Plan............................................................................ 58 369 (32) 551
Tax benefit related to the sale of shares purchased under the
Employee Stock Purchase Plan.................................................... -- 229 -- --
Issuance of Common Stock related to the third offering, net........................ 2,300 51,396 (482) 6,409
Retirement of treasury shares...................................................... -- (12,231) (5,064) 12,231
Net income......................................................................... -- -- -- --
------ -------- ------ --------
Balance at January 2, 2000......................................................... 20,163 $120,785 -- $
====== ======== ====== ========
Total
Retained Shareholders'
Earnings Equity
--------- --------------
Balance at December 29, 1996................................................................. $15,504 $ 36,843
Issuance of Common Stock related to the exercise of stock options............................ -- 1,639
Tax benefit related to stock option exercises................................................ -- 4,459
Compensation expense related to stock option grants.......................................... -- 39
Issuance of Common Stock related to the Employee Stock Purchase
Plan..................................................................................... -- 400
Tax benefit related to the sale of shares purchased under the Employee
Stock Purchase Plan......................................................................... -- 200
Exercise of over-allotment, related to the IPO, net.......................................... -- 3,884
Issuance of Common Stock related to the secondary offering, net.............................. -- 20,610
Repurchases of Common Stock.................................................................. -- (8,785)
Net income................................................................................... 16,191 16,191
------- --------
Balance at December 28, 1997................................................................. $31,695 $ 75,480
Issuance of Common Stock related to the exercise of stock options............................ -- 664
Tax benefit related to stock option exercises................................................ -- 893
Compensation expense related to stock option grants.......................................... -- 33
Issuance of Common Stock related to the Employee Stock Purchase
Plan..................................................................................... -- 652
Tax benefit related to the sale of shares purchased under the Employee
Stock Purchase Plan......................................................................... -- 55
Repurchases of Common Stock.................................................................. -- (3,741)
Net loss..................................................................................... (2,966) (2,966)
------- --------
Balance at January 3, 1999................................................................... $28,729 $ 71,070
Issuance of Common Stock related to the exercise of stock options............................ -- 5,180
Tax benefit related to stock option exercises................................................ -- 14,258
Compensation expense related to stock option grants.......................................... -- 52
Issuance of Common Stock related to the Employee Stock Purchase
Plan..................................................................................... -- 920
Tax benefit related to the sale of shares purchased under the
Employee Stock Purchase Plan............................................................. -- 229
Issuance of Common Stock related to the third offering, net.................................. -- 57,805
Retirement of treasury shares................................................................ -- --
Net income................................................................................... 20,265 20,265
------- --------
Balance at January 2, 2000................................................................... $48,994 $169,779
======= ========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
38
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Years Ended
---------------------------------------
January 2, January 3, December 28,
2000 1999 1997
---------------------------------------
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)...................................................................... $ 20,265 $ (2,966) $16,191
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in)
operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization....................................................... 10,331 4,106 1,683
Write off of in-process research and development.................................... -- 12,400 --
Change in provision for doubtful accounts........................................... 1,718 501 284
Change in provision for inventory reserves.......................................... 1,108 (73) 1,117
Deferred income taxes............................................................... (2,838) (4,763) (1,107)
Compensation costs related to stock options......................................... 52 33 39
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment................................... 422 -- --
Changes in operating assets and liabilities (net of effects of the acquisition
for the year ended January 3, 1999):
Accounts receivable................................................................. (17,982) (19,746) (8,926)
Inventories......................................................................... (4,221) (3,163) (5,253)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets........................................... (816) (411) (894)
Accounts payable.................................................................... 11,461 9,060 6,018
Accrued expenses and other liabilities.............................................. 5,481 (3,982) 6,370
Income taxes payable................................................................ 13,779 (11) 7,675
Other non-current assets............................................................... 677 50 (648)
Other non-current liabilities.......................................................... 134 248 218
-------- -------- -------
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities............................. 39,571 (8,717) 22,767
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of property and equipment.................................................. (20,632) (4,933) (6,902)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment........................................ 1,544 -- --
Cash paid for business acquisition and related costs................................ -- (58,534) --
Redemption (purchase) of long-term investments...................................... 2,500 (2,500) --
-------- -------- -------
Net cash used in investing activities........................................... (16,588) (65,967) (6,902)
CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt............................................ -- 25,000 --
Principal payments on long-term debt................................................ (24,024) (2,017) (413)
Payment received on notes receivable................................................ 500 -- --
Proceeds from sale and leaseback of equipment....................................... -- -- 1,847
Proceeds from issuance of Common Stock, net......................................... 58,725 652 24,894
Repurchase of Common Stock.......................................................... -- (3,741) (8,785)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options............................................. 5,180 664 1,639
-------- -------- -------
Net cash provided by financing activities....................................... 40,381 20,558 19,182
-------- -------- -------
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS...................................... 63,364 (54,126) 35,047
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning...................................................... 13,307 67,433 32,386
-------- -------- -------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end............................................................ $ 76,671 $ 13,307 $67,433
======== ======== =======
39
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS--(Continued)
(in thousands)
Years Ended
----------------------------------------
January 2, January 3, December 28,
2000 1999 1997
---------------------------------------
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid for:
Interest......................................................................... $ 999 $ 218 $ 100
======= ======== ======
Income taxes..................................................................... $ 367 $ 3,069 $3,100
======= ======== ======
NON CASH ITEMS:
Acquisition of property and equipment through capital lease......................... $ -- $ -- $ 805
======= ======== ======
Tax benefit related to stock option exercises....................................... $14,258 $ 893 $4,459
======= ======== ======
Tax benefit related to sale of shares purchased under the Employee
Stock Purchase Plan................................................................ $ 229 $ 55 $ 200
======= ======== ======
Notes received in conjunction with sale of property, plant and equipment............ $ 7,545
=======
DETAIL OF HP BUSINESS ACQUIRED IN PURCHASE BUSINESS COMBINATION:
Tangible assets acquired............................................................ $ 34,711
Intangible assets acquired.......................................................... 31,133
Cash paid for acquisition and related costs......................................... (58,534)
--------
Liabilities assumed................................................................. $ 7,310
========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements
40
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
Note 1. Nature of Operations
Powerwave Technologies, Inc. ("Powerwave" or the "Company") is a Delaware
corporation engaged in the design, manufacture and marketing of radio frequency
("RF") power amplifiers and related equipment for use in the wireless
communications market. The Company manufactures both single and multi-carrier RF
power amplifiers for a variety of frequency ranges and a wide range of digital
and analog transmission protocols. The Company's products are currently being
utilized in both cellular and personal communication services ("PCS") base
stations in both digital and analog-based networks.
Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company
and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions
have been eliminated in consolidation.
Fiscal Year
The Company's fiscal year ends on the Sunday closest to December 31. Fiscal
year 1997 ended on December 28, 1997, fiscal year 1998 ended on January 3, 1999
and fiscal year 1999 ended on January 2, 2000. Fiscal year 2000 will end on
December 31, 2000.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents generally consist of cash, time deposits,
commercial paper, money market funds and other money market instruments. The
Company invests its excess cash in only investment grade money market
instruments from a variety of industries and, therefore, bears minimal risk.
Securities with maturity dates all have original maturity dates of three months
or less. Such investments are stated at cost, which approximates fair value.
Accounts Receivable
The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and
generally does not require collateral. The Company maintains reserves for
potential credit losses and such losses have been within management's
expectations.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in,
first-out basis, or market. The Company periodically reviews inventory
quantities on hand and provides reserves for obsolete inventory based primarily
on current production requirements and forecasted product demand.
41
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost. The Company depreciates these
assets using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the
various classes of assets, as follows:
Machinery and equipment .................................. 2 to 5 years
Office furniture and equipment............................ 3 to 5 years
Leasehold improvements.................................... Life of lease
Property under capital leases............................. 3 to 5 years
Assets Held for Sale
Assets held for sale for the year ended January 3, 1999 included the land,
land improvements, building and building improvements acquired in the HP
Acquisition (Note 17), and were recorded at net realizable value, net of
estimated selling costs. These assets were sold in July 1999.
Goodwill
Goodwill arising from the HP Acquisition (Notes 6 and 17) is amortized over
ten years on a straight-line basis. The Company annually evaluates the carrying
value of goodwill for any impairment of value based on an undiscounted cash flow
analysis. At January 2, 2000, the Company believes there has been no impairment
of the value of goodwill.
Other Intangible Assets
Other intangible assets arising from the HP Acquisition (Notes 6 and 17)
are amortized on a straight-line basis over periods ranging from three to ten
years.
Long-Lived Assets
The Company accounts for the impairment and disposition of long-lived
assets in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard ("SFAS")
No. 121, Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived
Assets to Be Disposed Of. In accordance with SFAS No. 121, long-lived assets to
be held are reviewed for events or changes in circumstances which indicate that
their carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company periodically reviews
the carrying value of long-lived assets to determine whether or not an
impairment to such value has occurred based on an undiscounted cash flow
analysis. As of January 2, 2000, no such impairment was noted.
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, requires disclosure
of the fair value method of accounting for stock options and other equity
instruments. Under the fair value method, compensation cost is measured at the
grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the
service period which is usually the vesting period. The Company has chosen,
under the provisions of SFAS No. 123, to continue to account for employee stock-
based transactions under Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25,
Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. The Company has disclosed in Note 11
to the financial statements pro forma basic and diluted earnings (loss) per
share as if the Company had applied the fair value method of accounting.
42
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109,
Accounting for Income Taxes, which requires that the Company recognize deferred
tax liabilities and assets based on the differences between the financial
statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities, using
enacted tax rates in effect in the years the differences are expected to
reverse. Deferred income tax benefits result from the recognition of temporary
differences between financial statement and income tax reporting of income and
expenses.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue from product sales at the time of shipment.
The Company also offers certain of its customers, on a limited basis, a right of
return on sales and records an estimate of such returns at the time of product
delivery based on historical experience.
Warranties
The Company offers warranties of various lengths depending on the product
and negotiated terms of purchase agreements with its customers. An estimate for
warranty related costs based on historical experience is recorded at the time of
sale.
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
In accordance with SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share, basic earnings per
share amounts are based upon the weighted average number of common shares
outstanding. Diluted earnings per share amounts are based upon the weighted
average number of common and potential common shares for each period presented.
Potential common shares include stock options using the treasury stock method.
Outstanding stock options were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings
per share for the year ended January 3, 1999, as they were anti-dilutive.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
reporting years. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Customer Concentrations
The Company's product sales have historically been concentrated in a small
number of customers. During the year ended January 2, 2000, sales to four
customers totaled $212.6 million. Those same four customers accounted for
approximately 68% of the Company's accounts receivable at January 2, 2000. The
loss of, or reduction in sales to any of these customers could have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Supplier Concentrations
Certain of the Company's products utilize components that are available in
the short-term only from a single or a limited number of sources. In addition,
in order to take advantage of volume pricing discounts, the Company purchases
certain customized components for its RF power amplifiers from single sources.
Any inability to obtain single sourced components in the amounts needed on a
timely basis or at commercially reasonable prices could result in delays in
product introductions or interruption in product shipments or increases in
product costs, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations until alternative
sources could be developed at a reasonable cost.
43
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Comprehensive Income
The Company has adopted SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income. For
the years ended January 2, 2000, January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997, the
Company has no reportable differences between net income (loss) and
comprehensive income (loss). Therefore, statements of comprehensive income
(loss) have not been presented.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued
SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,
which the Company is required to adopt effective in its fiscal year 2001. SFAS
No. 133 will require the Company to record all derivatives on the balance sheet
at fair value. The Company does not currently engage in hedging activities and
will continue to evaluate the effect of adopting SFAS No. 133. The Company will
adopt SFAS No. 133 in its fiscal year 2001.
Note 3. Inventories
Inventories, net, consist of the following:
January 2, January 3,
2000 1999
------- -------
Parts and components................................. $16,816 $14,728
Work-in-process...................................... 6,278 7,444
Finished goods....................................... 8,602 6,411
------- -------
Total................................................ $31,696 $28,583
======= =======
Inventories are net of an allowance for excess and obsolete inventory of
$6,192 and $5,084 as of January 2, 2000 and January 3, 1999, respectively.
Note 4. Notes Receivable
On July 15, 1999 the Company sold the Folsom facility acquired in the HP
Acquisition for $8.4 million. The Company received $0.925 million in cash
(before expenses) and an interest free note for $7.475 million due December 31,
1999. The note was secured by the land, land improvements and building. In
exchange for the interest free note, the buyer entered into a rent-free lease
with the Company covering the Folsom facility through December 31, 1999. The
buyer of the Folsom facility made a principal payment of $0.5 million on the
note on December 30, 1999. On December 31, 1999, the terms of the note were
amended to extend the maturity date to January 27, 2000 and to apply an annual
interest rate of 8% beginning December 31, 1999.
Note 5. Net Property and Equipment
Net property and equipment consist of the following:
January 2, January 3,
2000 1999
-------- -------
Machinery and equipment...................... $ 34,793 $20,105
Office furniture and equipment............... 4,639 3,010
Leasehold improvements....................... 5,854 2,437
Construction in progress..................... -- 734
-------- -------
45,286 26,286
Less accumulated depreciation
and amortization........................... (12,354) (5,838)
-------- -------
Net property and equipment................... $ 32,932 $20,448
======== =======
44
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Included in property and equipment are assets under capital lease of $805
and $1,508 at January 2, 2000 and January 3, 1999, respectively. Accumulated
amortization of assets under capital lease was $482 and $627 at January 2, 2000
and January 3, 1999, respectively.
Note 6. Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consist of the following:
January 2, January 3,
2000 1999
---------- ----------
Developed technology, net of accumulated amortization of $2,843 and
$543, respectively .......................................................... $ 8,657 $10,957
Goodwill, net of accumulated amortization of $563 and $107, respectively 3,990 4,445
Customer list, net of accumulated amortization of $824 and $157,
respectively................................................................. 1,176 1,843
Non-compete agreement, net of accumulated amortization of $154 and
$24, respectively............................................................ 346 476
Workforce, net of accumulated amortization of $25 and $5, respectively............. 175 195
------- -------
$14,344 $17,916
======= =======
Amortization periods are as follows (in years):
Developed technology............................................................... 5
Goodwill .......................................................................... 10
Customer list ..................................................................... 3
Non-compete agreement.............................................................. 4
Workforce.......................................................................... 10
Note 7. Financing Arrangements
On September 30, 1998, in connection with the HP Acquisition, the Company
entered into a $35.0 million credit agreement with two commercial banks, secured
by a pledge of all of the Company's assets. The credit agreement consisted of
three credit facilities; an $18.0 million term loan (the "Term Loan"), a $7.0
million purpose loan associated with the Folsom manufacturing and research and
development facility (the "Purpose Loan") and a $10.0 million revolving credit
agreement (the "Revolving Credit Facility"). On March 31, 1999, the Company
utilized a total of $22.8 million of the proceeds from its third Common Stock
offering to repay all of the outstanding bank debt associated with the HP
Acquisition. This included the Term Loan and the Purpose Loan. The outstanding
balances at the time of repayment were $15.5 million for the Term Loan with a
weighted average interest rate of 6.75% per annum at the time of repayment. The
Purpose Loan had a balance of $7.0 million with an interest rate of 6.81% per
annum at the time of repayment. The remaining $0.3 million was for accrued
interest due on the loans. The Term Loan, Purpose Loan and Revolving Credit
Agreement were all cancelled by the Company on March 31, 1999. The Company
intends to obtain a new bank revolving credit agreement and has currently
initiated discussions with its banks regarding such new agreement.
The debt repayment schedules for commitments under Capital Leases at January
2, 2000 are as follows:
Capital
Leases
-------
Fiscal Year:
2000............................................. $128
Less amounts representing interest..................... (3)
----
Present value of future minimum payments............... $125
====
45
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Note 8. Income Taxes
The provision (benefit) for income taxes for the fiscal years ended January
2, 2000, January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997, consists of the following:
1999 1998 1997
------------- ------------ -----------
Current:
Federal............................................................... $11,742 $ 2,982 $ 8,865
State................................................................. 2,402 76 1,910
------- ------- -------
Total current provision............................................... 14,144 3,058 10,775
Deferred:
Federal............................................................... (1,928) (3,760) (835)
State................................................................. (910) (1,003) (273)
------- ------- -------
Total deferred benefit................................................ (2,838) (4,763) (1,108)
------- ------- -------
Provision (benefit) for income taxes...................................... $11,306 $(1,705) $ 9,667
======= ======= =======
The difference between income taxes provided in the financial statements and
as required by the federal statutory rate of 35% for the fiscal years ended
January 2, 2000, January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997, is as follows:
1999 1998 1997
------------- ------------ -----------
Taxes at federal statutory rate........................................... $11,050 $(1,635) $9,051
State taxes, net.......................................................... 971 (602) 1,064
Other..................................................................... (715) 532 (448)
------- ------- ------
Provision (benefit) for income taxes...................................... $11,306 $(1,705) $9,667
======= ======= ======
The Company's net deferred tax asset was comprised of the following major
components:
January 2, January 3,
2000 1999
------- -------
Depreciation of property...................................................... $(1,823) $(1,094)
Accruals and reserves......................................................... 4,017 1,966
Costs capitalized into inventories............................................ 2,108 1,540
State taxes................................................................... (850) (539)
Amortization of intangibles................................................... 6,071 5,453
Credit carryforwards.......................................................... 872 231
------- -------
Net deferred tax asset........................................................ $10,395 $ 7,557
======= =======
As of January 2, 2000, the Company has a California Manufacturer's Investment
Credit carryforward of approximately $725 which expires in various years through
2007, and has federal and state alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards of
approximately $120 and $20 respectively, which have no expiration date.
Note 9. Pension and Profit-Sharing Plans
The Company sponsors a 401(k) pension and profit-sharing plan covering all
eligible employees and provides for Company matching on participant
contributions up to a maximum of 20% of each participant's annual contribution
for the year ended January 2, 2000. Employee contributions are limited to 15% of
base salary. Employer matching contributions for the years ended January 2,
2000, January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997 were $243, $157 and $83,
respectively. There were no profit sharing contributions authorized for the
years ended
46
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
January 2, 2000 and January 3, 1999. For the year ended December 28, 1997,
profit sharing contributions were $870.
Note 10. Shareholder's Equity
The Company accounts for treasury stock using the cost method. In December
1997, the Company's Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program that
authorized the Company to repurchase up to one million shares of the Company's
Common Stock in open market transactions. During the fiscal years ended January
3, 1999 and December 28, 1997, the Company repurchased 300,000 and 510,000
shares respectively. For the fiscal year ended January 3, 1999, the Company
reissued from treasury 103,787 shares of Common Stock in connection with the
exercise of options under the Company's Stock Option Plans and the purchase of
shares under the Company's Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
During the fiscal year ended January 2, 2000 the Company reissued from
treasury a total of 706,213 shares of Common Stock originally repurchased in
connection with the stock repurchase program. Of these shares, 224,060 were
reissued in connection with the exercise of options under the Company's Stock
Option Plans and the purchase of shares under the Company's Employee Stock
Purchase Plan. The remaining 482,153 shares were reissued in connection with
the Company's third common stock offering in March 1999. The Company's
repurchase program was cancelled in March 1999.
During the fiscal year ended January 2, 2000, the Company retired 5,063,850
shares of Common Stock held in treasury. These shares had been repurchased in
October 1995 from certain shareholders of the Company. As of January 2, 2000
the Company held no shares of Common Stock in treasury.
Note 11. Stock Option Plans
1995 Stock Option Plan--The Company's 1995 Stock Option Plan (the "1995
Plan"), as amended, permits executive personnel, key employees and non-employee
members of the Board of Directors of the Company to participate in ownership of
the Company. The 1995 Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the
Company's Board of Directors. The 1995 Plan provides for the grant of
nonstatutory stock options under the applicable provisions of the Internal
Revenue Code. The option price per share may not be less than 85% of the fair
market value of a share of Common Stock on the grant date as determined by the
Company's Board of Directors. In addition, the exercise price may not be less
than 110% of the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the grant date,
as determined by the Company's Board of Directors, for any individual possessing
10% or more of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company. Options
generally vest at the rate of 25% on the first anniversary date and 2% per month
thereafter and expire no later than ten years after the grant date. Up to
1,938,615 shares of the Company's Common Stock were reserved for issuance under
the 1995 Plan. Pursuant to the amended Stockholder's Agreement dated as of
November 8, 1996, between the Company and certain of its original shareholders,
those certain shareholders agreed that once the Company has issued an initial
1,095,000 shares of Common Stock under the 1995 Stock Option Plan, any
additional shares issued under that Plan upon an option exercise would be
coupled with a pro rata redemption from those shareholders of an equal number of
shares at a redemption price equaling the option exercise price. The Company
and those certain shareholders have agreed that this share redemption agreement
applies only to the exercise of options to purchase a total of 843,615 shares of
the Company's Common Stock. As of January 2, 2000, a total of 1,572,328
options have been exercised under the 1995 Plan. A total of 477,328 shares of
Common Stock have been funded from those shareholders party to the amended
Stockholder's Agreement. The effect of this transaction is to eliminate any
dilution from the further exercise of options under the 1995 Plan. At January
2, 2000 there were 366,229 options outstanding under the 1995 Plan at a weighted
average exercise price of $8.15. There are 58 shares available for grant under
the 1995 Plan at January 2, 2000.
47
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
1996 Stock Incentive Plan--The Company's 1996 Stock Incentive Plan (the
"1996 Plan"), became effective December 5, 1996, and was amended in August of
1998 to increase the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance
under the plan from 1,500,000 to 3,000,000. The 1996 Plan provides for the
granting of "incentive stock options," within the meaning of Section 422 of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), nonstatutory options and
restricted stock grants to directors, officers, employees and consultants of the
Company, except that incentive stock options may not be granted to non-employee
directors or consultants. As of January 2, 2000, all of the options granted
under the 1996 Plan have been nonstatutory options. The 1996 Plan provides that
for nonstatutory stock options, the option price per share may not be less than
85% of the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the grant date and
that the exercise price may not be less than 110% of the fair market value of a
share of Common Stock on the grant date for any individual possessing 10% or
more of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company. The purpose of
the 1996 Plan is to provide participants with incentives which will encourage
them to acquire a proprietary interest in, and continue to provide services to,
the Company. The 1996 Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the
Board of Directors, which has sole discretion and authority, consistent with the
provisions of the 1996 Plan, to determine which eligible participants will
receive options, the time when options will be granted, the terms of options
granted and the number of shares which will be subject to options granted under
the 1996 Plan. As of January 2, 2000, a total of 301,311 options have been
exercised under the 1996 Plan. There were 2,001,622 options outstanding under
the 1996 Plan as of January 2, 2000 at a weighted average exercise price of
$19.79. There are 697,067 shares available for grant under the 1996 plan at
January 2, 2000.
1996 Director Stock Option Plan--The Company's 1996 Director Stock Option
Plan (the "Director Plan"), became effective December 5, 1996, and was amended
in August of 1998 to increase the number of shares of Common Stock available for
issuance under the plan from 200,000 to 400,000. The Director Plan provides that
each member of the Company's Board of Directors who is not an employee or paid
consultant of the Company automatically will be eligible to receive options to
purchase stock under the Director Plan. Pursuant to the terms of the Director
Plan, each director elected after December 5, 1996 will be granted an initial
option under the Director Plan covering 30,000 shares of Common Stock, which
option shall vest at the rate of 25% on the first anniversary of the grant date
and the remaining 75% shall vest in equal monthly installments over the
following three years. Furthermore, on December 5, 1996 and on each anniversary
date thereof, each director who shall have been an eligible participant under
the Director Plan for at least six (6) months shall be granted an annual option
under the Director Plan to purchase 5,000 shares of Common Stock. The Director
Plan provides that the exercise price per share of grants issued under the
Director Plan shall be equal to 100% of the fair market value of a share of
Common Stock on the grant date. As of January 2, 2000, 10,000 options have been
exercised under the Director Plan. There were 120,000 options outstanding under
the Director Plan as of January 2, 2000 at a weighted average exercise price of
$25.64. There are 270,000 shares available for grant under the Director Plan at
January 2, 2000.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan--On October 7, 1996, the shareholders of the
Company approved the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "Purchase Plan"), which
became effective on December 5, 1996. The Purchase Plan covers an aggregate of
500,000 shares of Common Stock. The Purchase Plan, which is intended to qualify
as an "employee stock purchase plan" under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue
Code, is implemented utilizing six-month offerings with purchases occurring at
six month intervals. The Purchase Plan is administered by the Board of
Directors. Employees are eligible to participate if they are employed by the
Company for at least 20 hours per week and if they have been employed by the
Company for at least 90 days. The Purchase Plan permits eligible employees to
purchase Common Stock through payroll deductions, which may not exceed 20% of an
employee's compensation. The price of Common Stock purchased under the Purchase
Plan will be 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the Common Stock at
the beginning of each six-month offering period or on the applicable purchase
date. Employees may end their participation in any offering at any time during
the offering period, and participation ends automatically on termination of
employment. The Board may at any time amend or terminate the Purchase Plan,
except that no such amendment or termination may adversely affect options
previously granted under the Purchase Plan. During fiscal 1999, the fourth and
fifth purchases under the Purchase Plan occurred on January 31, 1999 and July
31, 1999, respectively. A total of 31,789 shares were purchased in the fourth
purchase at $10.20 per share and 26,188 shares were purchased in the fifth
offering at $22.7375 per share. At January 2, 2000
48
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
there were rights to purchase approximately 18,000 shares outstanding under the
Purchase Plan and there were 343,741 shares available for purchase under the
plan.
The following table summarizes activity under the Company's 1995 Plan, 1996
Plan and Director Plan:
Number of
Weighted Options Weighted
Number of Price Per Average Exercisable as of Average
Shares Share Exercise Price Fiscal Year End Exercise Price
------ ----- -------------- --------------- --------------
Balance at December 29, 1996 1,919,252 $ 2.47-$ 11.50 $ 3.74 262,490 $2.84
======= =====
Granted.............................. 435,050 $14.50-$ 40.56 $23.71
Exercised............................ (510,334) $ 2.47-$ 11.50 $ 3.21
Canceled............................. (145,354) $ 2.47-$ 33.00 $ 4.06
----------
Balance at December 28, 1997 1,698,614 $ 2.47-$ 40.56 $ 8.98 436,256 $3.57
======= =====
Granted.............................. 1,724,050 $ 6.56-$ 19.56 $12.79
Exercised............................ (228,563) $ 2.47-$ 16.25 $ 2.92
Canceled............................. (478,999) $ 2.47-$ 40.56 $21.29
----------
Balance at January 3, 1999 2,715,102 $ 2.47-$ 31.75 $ 9.66 737,109 $5.64
======= =====
Granted.............................. 918,650 $ 18.38-$76.94 $30.82
Exercised............................ (1,032,242) $ 2.47-$32.00 $ 7.04
Canceled............................. (113,659) $ 4.00-$27.56 $16.26
----------
Balance at January 2, 2000 2,487,851 $ 2.47-$76.94 $18.36 485,143 $9.85
========== ======= =====
At January 2, 2000, a total of 967,125 options were available for grant
under all of the Company's option plans.
Options Exercisable at
Options Outstanding at January 2, 2000 January 2, 2000
------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------
Weighted Weighted Average Weighted
Options Average Remaining Options Average
Range of Exercise Prices Outstanding Exercise Price Contractual Life Exercisable Exercise Price
- ------------------------ ----------- -------------- ---------------- ----------- --------------
(years)
$ 2.47-$ 6.88............. 572,375 $ 5.65 7.68 242,937 $ 4.80
$ 8.50-$14.25............. 743,252 $13.47 7.97 135,984 $13.26
$14.50-$18.88............. 454,236 $17.75 7.78 105,951 $17.01
$19.19-$26.88............. 261,000 $22.68 8.88 229 $19.56
$27.31-$42.75............. 326,088 $32.79 9.54 42 $31.75
$42.81-$76.94............. 130,900 $59.18 9.07 -- --
--------- -------
Total.............. 2,487,851 $18.36 8.23 485,143 $ 9.85
========= =======
The Company is recording compensation expense relating to the difference
between fair market value and the exercise price of options granted. The Company
recorded a total of $52, $33 and $39 as compensation expense during fiscal 1999,
1998 and 1997, respectively.
The estimated weighted average fair value of options granted during 1999
was $16.98 per share. The estimated weighted average fair value of options
granted during 1998 was $8.03 per share and during 1997 was $13.81. Pursuant to
SFAS No. 123, the Company has elected to continue using the intrinsic value
method of accounting for stock-based awards granted to employees and directors
in accordance with APB Opinion No. 25 and related Interpretations in accounting
for its stock option and purchase plans. Accordingly, no compensation cost has
been recognized for its stock option plans and its stock purchase plan other
than that described above. Had compensation cost for the Company's stock option
plans and its stock purchase plans been determined based on the estimated fair
value at the grant dates for awards under those plans consistent with the fair
value method of SFAS
49
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
No. 123, the Company's net income (loss) and basic and diluted earnings (loss)
per share for the years ended January 2, 2000, January 3, 1999 and December 28,
1997, would have been changed to the pro forma amounts indicated in the
following table:
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
Net income (loss) before taxes
As reported..................................................... $31,571 $(4,671) $25,858
Less: Net expense per SFAS No. 123.................................. (8,553) (4,631) (2,563)
------- ------- -------
Pro forma operating income (loss) before taxes...................... 23,018 (9,302) 23,295
Less: Pro forma provision (benefit) for income taxes................ 8,240 (3,395) 8,709
------- ------- -------
Pro forma net income (loss)......................................... $14,778 $(5,907) $14,586
======= ======= =======
Net income (loss) as reported....................................... $20,265 $(2,966) $16,191
======= ======= =======
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
Basic earnings (loss) per share:
As reported..................................................... $ 1.02 $ (0.17) $ 0.95
Pro forma....................................................... $ 0.76 $ (0.34) $ 0.86
Diluted earnings (loss) per share:
As reported..................................................... $ 0.98 $ (0.17) $ 0.92
Pro forma....................................................... $ 0.73 $ (0.34) $ 0.84
Basic weighted average common shares................................... 19,493 17,178 16,958
Diluted weighted average common shares................................. 20,224 17,178 17,436
The fair value of options granted under the Company's stock option plans
and its stock purchase plan during 1999, 1998 and 1997 was estimated on the date
of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model utilizing the multiple
option approach with the following weighted-average assumptions used:
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
Weighted average risk-free interest rate............................... 6.33% 4.88% 5.52%
Expected years from vest date to exercise date......................... 0.5 0.4 0.5
Expected stock volatility.............................................. 80% 100% 89%
Dividend yield......................................................... None None None
For the years ended January 2, 2000, January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997,
the expected life of an option was 5.1 years, 5.2 years and 4.9 years
respectively.
Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company leases its manufacturing and headquarters facility and its
Southern California sales and engineering facility from a limited liability
company owned by Alfonso G. Cordero, the founder and former Chairman of the
Company, a former employee, and a current employee, all of whom are shareholders
of the Company. The lease term for the manufacturing and headquarters facility
commenced on July 15, 1996, and has a termination date of July 15, 2006. The
Company paid $1,000,000 to the limited liability company as payment for
additional tenant improvements made to the facility at the request of the
Company. The Company has an option to purchase the facility at fair market
value during the lease term. During 1999, the Company leased an additional
34,000 square foot facility for its sales and engineering departments from the
same limited liability company. The lease term commenced on October 1, 1999,
and has a termination date of July 15, 2006.
During 1999, the Company leased 27,000 square feet for its engineering
staff in a facility in El Dorado Hills, California from an unrelated third
party. The lease commenced December 1, 1999 and has a termination date of
January 31, 2005. The Company also leases equipment from unrelated parties.
Future minimum lease payments required under operating leases at January 2, 2000
are as follows:
50
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Commitment to Operating
Shareholders Leases Total
------------- --------- -----
Fiscal Year:
2000...................................................... $1,032 $ 334 $1,366
2001...................................................... 1,054 352 1,406
2002...................................................... 1,078 357 1,435
2003...................................................... 1,102 346 1,448
2004...................................................... 1,127 315 1,442
Thereafter................................................ 1,784 53 1,837
------ ------ ------
Total future minimum lease payments........................... $7,177 $1,757 $8,934
====== ====== ======
Total rent expense was $3,707, $2,616, and $2,503 for the years ended January
2, 2000, January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997, respectively.
The Company is subject, from time to time, to various legal proceedings
relating to claims arising out of its operations in the ordinary course of its
business. On July 16, 1998, a lawsuit was filed in the United States District
Court for the Central District of California, Southern Division, by a
shareholder of the Company, against the Company and certain of its present and
former directors and officers. A similar suit was filed on July 29, 1998. The
shareholder in each suit purports to represent a class consisting of all persons
who purchased Common Stock of the Company between June 4, 1997 and January 16,
1998. These lawsuits allege, among other things, that the defendants violated
federal securities laws by making alleged misrepresentations which the
plaintiffs claim were designed to artificially inflate the Company's stock price
and enable the individual defendants to sell their stock at artificially
inflated prices. The Company, its directors and officers deny the allegations
of wrongdoing in the complaints and intend to vigorously defend against the
claims made in the lawsuits. The ultimate outcome of these suits or any
potential loss is not presently determinable.
On September 27, 1999, a lawsuit was filed against the Company in the
Superior Court of the State of California by a former customer. The lawsuit
alleges, among other things, that the Company sold defective LMR products to
this customer from 1994 to 1998. The lawsuit seeks direct damages in the amount
of $1.6 million as well as unspecified punitive damages. The Company denies
these allegations of wrongdoing and intends to vigorously defend this lawsuit.
The ultimate outcome of this suit is not presently determinable.
The Company is not currently a party to any other legal proceedings, the
adverse outcome of which, individually or in the aggregate, management believes
would have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition or
results of operations of the Company.
Note 13. Earnings (Loss) Per Share
1999 1998 1997
----------- ------------ ---------
Basic:
Basic weighted average common shares.................................. 19,493 17,178 16,958
Net income (loss)..................................................... $20,265 $(2,966) $16,191
------- ------- -------
Basic earnings (loss) per share....................................... $ 1.02 $ (0.17) $ 0.95
======= ======= =======
Diluted:
Basic weighted average common shares.................................. 19,493 17,178 16,958
Potential common shares............................................... 731 -- 478
------- ------- -------
Diluted weighted average common shares................................ $20,224 17,178 17,436
Net income (loss)..................................................... $20,265 $(2,966) $16,191
------- ------- -------
Diluted earnings (loss) per share..................................... $ 0.98 $ (0.17) $ 0.92
======= ======= =======
51
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Note 14. Segments
Utilizing the management approach, the Company has broken down its business
based upon the RF frequency in which the product is utilized in, i.e., cellular,
PCS, LMR and WLL and other. The Company does not allocate operating expenses to
these segments, nor does it allocate specific assets to these segments.
Therefore, segment information reported includes only net sales, cost of sales
and gross profit (loss).
Business Segments
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WLL and
Cellular PCS LMR Other Total
----------- ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------
1999
Net sales..................................... $215,012 $76,801 $ 734 $ -- $292,547
Cost of sales................................. 144,644 62,706 2,955 -- 210,305
-------- ------- -------- ----------- --------
Gross profit (loss)........................... $ 70,368 $14,095 $ (2,221) $ -- $ 82,242
======== ======= ======== =========== ========
1998
Net sales..................................... $ 77,355 $18,835 $ 3,071 $ 970 $100,231
Cost of sales................................. 45,543 15,885 3,786 842 66,056
-------- ------- -------- ----------- --------
Gross profit (loss)........................... $ 31,812 $ 2,950 $ (715) $ 128 $ 34,175
======== ======= ======== =========== ========
1997
Net sales..................................... $ 73,065 $40,385 $ 6,227 $ 32 $119,709
Cost of sales................................. 36,746 29,639 4,481 161 71,027
-------- ------- -------- ----------- --------
Gross profit (loss)........................... $ 36,319 $10,746 $ 1,746 $ (129) $ 48,682
======== ======= ======== =========== ========
The following schedule presents an analysis of the Company's net sales based
upon the geographic location to which a product was shipped. North American
sales include sales to the United States, Canada and Mexico. International sales
include sales to all other foreign countries. Shipments to Canada were $88.0
million, $22.4 million and $2.0 million for the fiscal years ended January 2,
2000, January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997, respectively. Shipments to Mexico
during these periods were immaterial. For the fiscal years ended January 2,
2000, January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997, shipments to South Korea were $62.2
million, $30.1 million and $99.3 million, respectively.
North American International Total
--------------- ---------------- ------------
Net sales for the year ended January 2, 2000.................. $195,265 $ 97,282 $292,547
Net sales for the year ended January 3, 1999.................. $ 59,012 $ 41,219 $100,231
Net sales for the year ended December 28, 1997................ $ 18,708 $101,001 $119,709
Total accounts receivable as of January 2, 2000, include 72% from United
States based customers, 14% from customers located in France and 13% from
customers located in South Korea.
The majority of the Company's assets are located in the United States.
The Company's product sales have historically been concentrated in a small
number of customers. During the years ended January 2, 2000, January 3, 1999
and December 28, 1997, sales to four customers (three customers for the year
ended December 28, 1997) totaled $212.6 million, $68.7 million and $99.3
million, respectively.
52
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
Note 15. Other Information
Accrued expenses and other liabilities consist of the following:
January 2, January 3,
2000 1999
---------- ---------
Accrued warranty costs......................................................... $ 7,264 $ 6,408
Accrued payroll and employee benefits.......................................... 9,216 1,570
Other accrued expenses......................................................... 2,919 5,940
------- -------
$19,399 $13,918
======= =======
Note 16. Related Party Transactions
As disclosed in Note 12, the Company leases its manufacturing and headquarters
facility and its Southern California sales and engineering facility from a
limited liability company owned by Alfonso G. Cordero, the founder and former
Chairman of the Company, a former employee, and a current employee, all of whom
are shareholders of the Company. The Company also leases additional parking
spaces on a short-term basis from this limited liability company. Rent paid to
this limited liability company was $846, $714 and $704 for the years ended
January 2, 2000, January 3, 1999 and December 28, 1997, respectively.
On April 28, 1998, the Company purchased $2.5 million of 13.75% Senior Secured
Bridge Notes due April 28, 2000 (the "Notes") from Metawave Communications
Corporation, a supplier of "smart" antennas to the wireless communications
market and a customer of the Company, in a private offering. The President of
the Company joined the Board of Directors of Metawave Communications Corporation
in May 1999. The total amount raised in the offering was $29.0 million. The
Notes initially accrued interest at a rate of 13.75% per annum and interest was
payable semi-annually. The Notes contained provisions to increase the rate of
interest during the life of the Notes if the Notes were not repaid prior to
maturity. The Notes were secured by certain assets of Metawave Communications
Corporation and were redeemed in full on April 28, 1999. Upon the redemption of
the Notes, the Company received related warrants for shares of Metawave
Communications Corporation Series D Preferred Stock. For fiscal 1999, Metawave
Communications Corporation accounted for less than 5% of the Company's revenues.
In June 1997, the Company entered into an agreement to purchase 45% of the
capital stock of Teletransfer, S.A. de C.V., ("Teletransfer") a private Mexican
company operating several two-way dispatch radio services in Mexico. The
Company invested a total of $600,000 for its 45% interest in the Teletransfer.
Due to ongoing operating losses at Teletransfer since 1997, the Company had
expensed the majority of its investment in Teletransfer. Beginning in 1998, the
Company undertook efforts to sell its investment in Teletransfer. In June 1999,
the Company sold its entire investment in Teletransfer to Mr. Alfonso G. Cordero
for $300,000. Pursuant to the terms of the sale agreement, if within eighteen
(18) months of the sale Mr. Cordero is able to sell the investment in
Teletransfer at a price greater than $300,000, Mr. Cordero will pay to the
Company the amount the investment is sold for greater than $300,000 up to a
maximum additional amount of $300,000.
Note 17. The HP Acquisition
On October 9, 1998 the Company completed the acquisition of the Hewlett-
Packard Company's ("HP") RF power amplifier business and its manufacturing and
research and development facility in Folsom, California for approximately $65.9
million (the "HP Acquisition"). This business was part of HP's Wireless
Infrastructure Division and focused on the design and manufacture of RF power
amplifiers for wireless communications, including cellular, PCS and WLL. The HP
Acquisition included certain assets, liabilities, operations and business
related to the design, manufacture and marketing of RF power amplifiers for use
in wireless communications. Powerwave purchased all intellectual property
rights to the products as well as in-process research and development
activities. The Company also assumed certain existing orders for the products
acquired. The products acquired cover a broad range of wireless transmission
protocols, including CDMA, TDMA and GSM. The total purchase
53
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued)
price of approximately $65.9 million, consisted of approximately $57.4 million
paid to HP in cash and the balance related to acquisition costs and assumed
liabilities. Powerwave financed the acquisition utilizing borrowings of $25
million under a $35 million secured credit facility which was dated as of
September 30, 1998. The Company utilized its existing cash balances for the
remainder of the cash purchase price paid. This acquisition was accounted for in
the fourth quarter of fiscal 1998.
The HP Acquisition was accounted for as a purchase and, accordingly, the
total purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities
assumed at their estimated fair values in accordance with Accounting Principles
Board Opinion No. 16. The purchase price was allocated to tangible assets
acquired of approximately $34.7 million, developed technology of $11.5 million,
in-process research and development of $12.4 million, other intangible assets of
$2.7 million and goodwill of approximately $4.6 million. The Company's
consolidated financial statements for the year ended January 3, 1999 include a
charge of $12.4 million for the write-off of acquired in-process research and
development expenses associated with the HP Acquisition. The in-process research
and development expenses arose from new product projects that were under
development at the date of the acquisition and expected to eventually lead to
new products but had not yet established technological feasibility and for which
no future alternative use was identified. The valuation of the in-process
research and development projects was based upon the discounted expected future
net cash flows of the products over the products expected life, reflecting the
estimated stage of completion of the projects and the estimate of the costs to
complete the projects.
New product development projects underway at HP at the time of the
acquisition included, among others, single carrier CDMA technology, ultra-linear
technology for use in multi-carrier RF power amplifiers and very linear power
module technology for use in next generation wireless communications. The
Company estimated that these projects were approximately 75% complete at the
date of the acquisition and estimated that the cost to complete these projects
will aggregate approximately $2.5 million and will be incurred over a two-year
period. Since the date of the acquisition, the Company has incurred
approximately $1.8 million of research and development expenses related to these
projects. Due to a change in a potential customer's technology program and the
Company's inability to meet the technological and economic constraints required
for this type of product, the Company has discontinued further development on
the single carrier CDMA project. As of January 2, 2000, we believe that the
remaining development projects are approximately 95% complete.
Uncertainties that could impede the progress of converting a development
project to a developed technology include the availability of financial
resources to complete the project, failure of the technology to function
properly, continued economic feasibility of developed technologies, customer
acceptance, customer demand and customer qualification of such new technology,
and general competitive conditions in the industry. There can be no assurance
that the in-process research and development projects will be successfully
completed and commercially introduced.
As part of the HP Acquisition, the Company assumed certain specific
liabilities from HP related to the acquired business, including certain warranty
obligations. Since the date of the acquisition, the Company has incurred
approximately $0.9 million of warranty expenses which were offset against
specific liabilities assumed in the acquisition. As of January 2, 2000
approximately $1.6 million remains of the assumed liability.
As an additional part of the HP Acquisition, we assumed certain specific
liabilities related to the acquired business, including certain retention
bonuses for contracted HP employees. Since the date of the acquisition we have
paid approximately $1.8 million for these retention bonuses. As of January 2,
2000, no amounts remain of the assumed liability.
As part of the purchase price allocation, the Company recorded liabilities
related to moving and relocation costs associated with the planned closure of
the Folsom manufacturing facility. During fiscal 1999, the Company paid
approximately $0.4 million related to these moving and relocation costs. The
final closure of the Folsom
54
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
facility occurred in December 1999. As of January 2, 2000, approximately $0.1
million remains of the liability recorded as part of the purchase price
allocation, which is expected to be paid in the first quarter of fiscal 2000.
The Company's consolidated financial statements for the year ended January
3, 1999 reflect the one-time charge of $12.4 million related to the allocation
of a portion of the purchase price to in-process research and development
expenses associated with the HP Acquisition. The Company's consolidated
financial statements for the year ended January 3, 1999 reflect the purchase
price allocation as follows:
Purchase Price
Allocation
--------------
Purchase Price Allocation
Property, plant and equipment.................................... $18,211
Inventory........................................................ 16,500
In-process research and development.............................. 12,400
Developed technology............................................. 11,500
Customer list.................................................... 2,000
Non-compete agreement............................................ 500
Workforce........................................................ 200
Goodwill......................................................... 4,553
-------
$65,864
=======
The following unaudited proforma condensed consolidated results of
operations assumes that the HP Acquisition had occurred on the first day of the
Company's fiscal year ended December 28, 1997. The proforma condensed
consolidated results of operations is presented for information purposes only.
It is based on historical information and does not necessarily reflect the
actual results that would have occurred nor is it necessarily indicative of
future results of operations of the combined enterprise.
Years ended
----------------------------------
January 3, December 28,
1999 1997
---------- ------------
(in thousands, except per share
amounts)
Net sales......................................................... $165,324 $186,909
Net income (loss)................................................. (8,793) 11,852
Earnings (loss) per share
Basic......................................................... (.51) .70
Diluted....................................................... (.51) .68
55
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Note 18. Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
Quarters Ended
---------------------------------------------------------
April 4, July 4, October 3, January 2,
1999 1999 1999 2000
--------- -------- ------------- ----------
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Fiscal 1999:
Net sales............................................. $ 56,024 $ 68,493 $ 76,900 $ 91,130
Cost of sales......................................... 41,010 50,353 54,698 64,244
--------- -------- ------------- ----------
Gross profit.......................................... 15,014 18,140 22,202 26,886
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing............................... 3,578 3,411 3,620 4,570
Research and development.......................... 5,295 6,376 7,311 7,268
General and administrative........................ 2,691 2,654 3,464 3,279
--------- -------- ------------- ----------
Total operating expenses.............................. 11,564 12,441 14,395 15,117
--------- -------- ------------- ----------
Operating income...................................... 3,450 5,699 7,807 11,769
Other income (expense)................................ (219) 919 904 1,242
--------- -------- ------------- ----------
Income before income taxes............................ 3,231 6,618 8,711 13,011
Provision for income taxes............................ 1,179 2,416 3,092 4,619
--------- -------- ------------- ----------
Net income............................................ $ 2,052 $ 4,202 $ 5,619 $ 8,392
========= ======== ============= ==========
Basic earnings per share.............................. $ 0.11 $ 0.21 $ 0.28 $ 0.42
Diluted earnings per share............................ $ 0.11 $ 0.20 $ 0.27 $ 0.40
Basic weighted average common shares.................. 18,005 19,867 19,971 20,131
Diluted weighted average common shares................ 18,584 20,500 20,743 21,067
Quarters Ended
---------------------------------------------------------
March 28, June 28, September 27, January 3,
1998 1998 1998 1999
--------- -------- ------------- ----------
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Fiscal 1998:
Net sales............................................. $ 22,650 $ 21,099 $ 16,456 $ 40,026
Cost of sales......................................... 13,795 12,567 10,697 28,997
--------- -------- ------------- ----------
Gross profit.......................................... 8,855 8,532 5,759 11,029
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing............................... 2,031 2,164 2,147 3,191
Research and development.......................... 2,957 2,950 2,938 4,627
General and administrative........................ 1,236 1,204 1,329 2,002
In-process research and development............... -- -- -- 12,400
--------- -------- ------------- ----------
Total operating expenses.............................. 6,224 6,318 6,414 22,220
--------- -------- ------------- ----------
Operating income (loss)............................... 2,631 2,214 (655) (11,191)
Other income (expense)................................ 845 745 845 (105)
--------- -------- ------------- ----------
Income (loss) before income taxes..................... 3,476 2,959 190 (11,296)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes.................. 1,269 1,080 69 (4,123)
--------- -------- ------------- ----------
Net income (loss)..................................... $ 2,207 $ 1,879 $ 121 $ (7,173)
========= ======== ============= ==========
Basic earnings (loss) per share....................... $ 0.13 $ 0.11 $ 0.01 $ (.42)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share..................... $ 0.13 $ 0.11 $ 0.01 $ (.42)
Basic weighted average common shares.................. 17,136 17,140 17,188 17,248
Diluted weighted average common shares................ 17,353 17,466 17,347 17,248
56
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Directors
John L. Clendenin, 65, has been non-executive Chairman of the Company's
Board of Directors since January 3, 1999 and has been a member of the Board of
Directors since May 1998. Mr. Clendenin is a Chairman Emeritus of BellSouth
Corporation, a telecommunications holding company. He served as Chairman of the
Board of BellSouth until December 31, 1997 and as President and Chief Executive
Officer from 1984 until his retirement at the end of 1996. Prior to BellSouth,
Mr. Clendenin was President of Southern Bell from April 1981 to December 1983.
He also serves on the Board of Directors of Coca-Cola Enterprises, Inc., Equifax
Inc., National Service Industries, Inc., Nabisco Group Holdings, Inc., Nabisco
Holdings, Inc., The Kroger Company, Springs Industries, Inc., The Home Depot,
Inc. and Wachovia Corporation.
Gregory M. Avis, 41, has been a member of the Company's Board of Directors
since October 1995. Mr. Avis has been a managing partner of Summit Partners, a
venture capital investment firm, since January 1990. Mr. Avis also serves on
the Board of Directors of Ditech Communications Corp. MCK Communications Corp.,
and Splash Technology Holdings, Inc. and a number of privately held companies.
Bruce C. Edwards, 46, joined the Company in February 1996 as President and
Chief Executive Officer and Director. Mr. Edwards was Executive Vice President,
Chief Financial Officer and Director of AST Research, Inc., a personal computer
company, from July 1994 to December 1995 and Senior Vice President, Finance and
Chief Financial Officer of AST Research, Inc. from March 1988 to July 1994. Mr.
Edwards currently serves on the Board of Directors of HMT Technology Corporation
and Metawave Communications Corporation.
David L. George, 46, has been a member of the Company's Board of Directors
since November 1995. Mr. George is one of the founders and has served as
Executive Vice President and Chief Technical Officer of ComSpace Corporation,
formerly known as Unique Technologies, International, L.L.C., a wireless
technology development company, since February 1994. Mr. George also serves on
the Board of Directors of ComSpace Corporation. From November 1983 to February
1994, Mr. George served as Vice President, Director of Operations, Commercial
Division of Uniden America. Mr. George has been a member of the Institute of
Electrical and Electronic Engineers (I.E.E.E.) for more than 20 years.
Eugene L. Goda, 63, has been a member of the Company's Board of Directors
since November 1995. Since June 1997, Mr. Goda has served as Chairman of the
Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of Objectshare Inc., formerly known
as Park Place Digitalk, a software company. From October 1991 to October 1995,
Mr. Goda served as Chief Executive Officer of Simulation Sciences, Inc., a
software company. From July 1989 to September 1991, he served as Chief
Executive Officer of Meridian Software Systems.
Carl W. Neun, 56, has been a member of the Company's Board of Directors
since February 2000. Mr. Neun is the Chairman of Wirex Communications, Inc. a
provider of Linux based software. From 1993 to January 2000, Mr. Neun was Senior
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Tektronix, Inc. From 1987 to 1993
he was Senior Vice President of Administration and Chief Financial Officer of
Conner Peripherals, Inc. Mr. Neun currently serves on the Board of Directors of
Merix Corp., the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry and the Christie School.
Safi U. Qureshey, 49, has been a member of the Company's Board of Directors
since February 2000. Mr. Qureshey was the cofounder and former Chief Executive
Officer and Chairman of AST Research, Inc. a personal computer manufacturer.
Mr. Qureshey currently serves on the Board of Directors of CarPrices.com,
NextCard, Nexgenix and Connectcom. Mr. Qureshey is also President of the
Southern California Chapter of The Indus Entrepreneurs (TiE-SC) which is a
networking and mentoring organization for entrepreneurs. Mr. Qureshey is also a
former member of President Clinton's Export Council and was a Regent's Professor
at the Graduate School of Management, University of California, Irvine.
57
Andrew J. Sukawaty, 44, has been a member of the Company's Board of
Directors since May 1998. Mr. Sukawaty has served as Chief Executive Officer of
Sprint PCS since September 1996. Prior to joining Sprint PCS, Mr. Sukawaty was
Chief Executive Officer of NTL Limited, a British diversified broadcast
transmission and communications company, since 1994. From 1989 to 1994, he was
Chief Operating Officer of Mercury One-2-One, a PCS service provider in the
United Kingdom. Prior to 1989, Mr. Sukawaty held various positions with US WEST,
Inc., a telecommunications holding company.
Executive Officers
Stephen C. Cooper, 51, joined the Company in February 1999 as Executive
Vice President, Operations. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Cooper worked for
Hewlett Packard Company for the past 25 years in a variety of management
positions in the United States and Asia. Most recently, Mr. Cooper was the
Operations Manager for the Hewlett Packard Power Amplifier business in Folsom,
California which was acquired by Powerwave in October, 1998.
Kevin T. Michaels, 41, joined the Company in June 1996 as Vice President,
Finance and Chief Financial Officer and was appointed Secretary in June 1996.
Mr. Michaels was named Senior Vice President, Finance in February 2000. Prior
to joining the Company, Mr. Michaels worked for AST Research, Inc. for eight
years, most recently as Vice President, Treasurer from October 1995 to June
1996. From July 1991 to October 1995 Mr. Michaels was Treasurer of AST Research,
Inc. and from June 1988 to June 1991, he was Assistant Treasurer.
Anthony J. Zuanich, 56, joined the Company in June 1998 as Senior Vice
President, Sales and Marketing. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Zuanich was
employed at Gregory Associates as Senior Vice President, Global Sales and
Marketing from July 1995 to December 1997. From December 1973 to October 1994,
Mr. Zuanich held various executive positions with Triad Systems Corporation, an
integrated computer systems manufacturer.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
Mr. Zuanich did not report an August 1999 purchase transaction on Form 4.
This transaction was subsequently reported on Form 5 for the 1999 fiscal year.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
There is incorporated herein by reference the information required by this
Item included in the Company's Proxy Statement for the 1999 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders under the captions "Executive Compensation," "Compensation
Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation" and "Stock Performance Graph,"
which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than
120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended January 2, 2000.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
There is incorporated herein by reference the information required by this
Item included in the Company's Proxy Statement for the 1999 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders under the caption "Security Ownership of Beneficial Owners," which
will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days
after the close of the fiscal year ended January 2, 2000.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
There is incorporated herein by reference the information required by this
Item included in the Company's Proxy Statement for the 1999 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders under the caption "Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider
Participation" which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
no later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended January 2, 2000.
58
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) Documents filed as a part of this report:
(1) Index to Financial Statements
The financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this
document are filed as part of this Report.
(2) Financial Statement Schedules
The financial statement schedule included in Part II, Item 8 of
this document is filed as part of this Report.
All other schedules are omitted as the required information is
inapplicable or the information is presented in the consolidated
financial statements or related notes.
Exhibit
Number Description
- ------ -----------
2.1 Amended and Restated Asset Purchase Agreement with Hewlett-Packard
Company, dated as of October 9, 1998 (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 2.1 to the Company's Form 8-K as filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on October 26, 1998).
2.2 Purchase and Sale Agreement and Joint Escrow Instructions with
Hewlett-Packard Company, dated as of August 31, 1998. (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to the Company's Form 8-K as filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 26, 1998).
3.2 Form of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the
Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form-S-1 (File No. 333-13679) as filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 3, 1996).
3.4 Form of Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Company's Registration Statement on
Form-S-1 (File No. 333-13679) as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on December 3, 1996).
4.1 Stockholders' Agreement, dated October 10, 1995, among the Company
and certain stockholders (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1
to the Company's Registration Statement on Form-S-1 (File No. 333-
13679) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
October 8, 1996).
4.2 Amendment to Stockholders Agreement (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form-S-1
(File No. 333-13679) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on October 8, 1996).
10.1 Milcom International, Inc. 1995 Stock Option Plan (the "1995 Plan")
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form-S-1 (File No. 333-13679) as filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 8, 1996).*
10.2 Form of Stock Option Agreement for 1995 Plan (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on
Form-S-1 (File No. 333-13679) as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 8, 1996).*
10.3 Amendment No. 1 to 1995 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form-S-1
(File No. 333-13679) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on October 8, 1996).*
10.3.1 Amendment No. 2 to Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3.1
to the Company's Registration Statement on Form-S-1 (File No. 333-
28463) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June
4, 1997).
10.4 Powerwave Technologies, Inc. 1996 Stock Incentive Plan (the "1996
Plan") (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form-S-1 (File No. 333-13679) as filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 8, 1996).*
59
Exhibit
Number Description
- ------
10.5 Form of Stock Option Agreement for 1996 Plan (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Registration Statement on
Form-S-1 (File No. 333-13679) as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 8, 1996).*
10.6 Form of Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement for 1996 Plan
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form-S-1 (File No. 333-13679) as filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 8, 1996).*
10.6.1 Amendment No. 1 to 1996 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.6.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form-S-1 (File No.
333-28463) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
June 4, 1997).
10.6.2 Amendment No. 2 to 1996 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.6 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No.
333-20549) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
October 8, 1998).
10.7 Powerwave Technologies, Inc. 1996 Director Stock Option Plan (the
"Director Plan") (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the
Company's Registration Statement on Form-S-1 (File No. 333-13679) as
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 8,
1996).*
10.7.1 Amendment No.1 to Director Plan (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.7 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8
(File No. 333-20549) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on October 8, 1998).
10.8 Form of Stock Option Agreement for Director Plan (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Company's Registration Statement on
Form-S-1 (File No. 333-13679) as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 8, 1996).*
10.9 Powerwave Technologies, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form-S-1 (File No. 333-13679) as filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 8, 1996).*
10.9.1 Amendment No. 1 to Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.9.1 to the Company's Registration Statement
on Form-S-1 (File No. 333-28463) as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on June 4, 1997).
10.10 Series A Convertible Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement, dated
October 10, 1995, among the Company and certain stockholders
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form-S-1 (File No. 333-13679) as filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 8, 1996).
10.11 Redemption Agreement, dated October 10, 1995, among the Company and
certain stockholders (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to
the Company's Registration Statement on Form-S-1 (File No. 333-
13679) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
October 8, 1996).
10.12 Registration Rights Agreement, dated October 10, 1995, among the
Company and certain stockholders (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.12 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form-S-1
(File No. 333-13679) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on October 8, 1996).
10.13 Indemnification Agreement, dated October 10, 1995, between the
Company and certain stockholders (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.13 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form-S-1
(File No. 333-13679) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on October 8, 1996).*
10.14 Form of Indemnification Agreement (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.14 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form-S-1
(File No. 333-13679) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on October 8, 1996).*
10.16 Standard Industrial/Commercial Single-Tenant Lease-Net, dated July
1, 1996, between the Company and CNH, LLC, a California limited
liability company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the
Company's Registration Statement on Form-S-1 (File No. 333-13679) as
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 8,
1996).
60
Exhibit
Number Description
- ------ -----------
10.21 Separation Agreement and Mutual General Release, dated May 2, 1997,
between the Company and Peter Manno (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.21 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form-S-1
(File No. 333-28463) as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on June 4, 1997).
10.22 Credit Agreement, dated as of August 1, 1997, between Powerwave
Technologies, Inc. and Bank of America NT & SA (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October
31, 1997).
10.22.1 First Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of December 11, 1997
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22.1 to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on February 27, 1998).
10.22.2 Second Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of April 28, 1998
between Powerwave Technologies, Inc. and Bank of America NT & SA
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22.2 to the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on August 8, 1998).
10.22.3 Third Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of July 28, 1998
between Powerwave Technologies, Inc. and Bank of America NT & SA
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22.3 to the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on August 8, 1998).
10.23 Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1998, by and
among the Company, Comerica Bank-California, as Agent, and the
lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to
the Company's Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on October 26, 1998).
11.1 Computation of net income (loss) per share.
21.1 Subsidiaries of the registrant.
23.1 Independent Auditors' Consent
27.1 Financial Data Schedule.
99.1 Press Release dated October 9, 1998 (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 99.1 to the Company's Form 8-K as filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on October 26, 1998).
99.2 Financial Statements of the Business acquired (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Company's Form 8-KA as filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 28, 1998).
99.3 Pro Forma Financial Statements (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
99.3 to the Company's Form 8-K/A as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on December 28, 1998).
_____________
* Indicates Item 14(a)(3) exhibit.
(b) Items reported on Form 8-K in Fourth Quarter
None
(c) Financial Statements Schedule
Schedule Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Powerwave Technologies, Powerwave and the Powerwave Technologies logo are
registered trademarks of Powerwave Technologies, Inc.
All other products or service names mentioned herein may be trademarks or
registered trademarks of their respective owners.
61
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Irvine,
State of California, on the 14th day of March, 2000.
POWERWAVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
By: /s/ Bruce C. Edwards
-------------------------------------
Bruce C. Edwards
President and Chief Executive Officer
We, the undersigned directors and officers of Powerwave Technologies, Inc.,
do hereby constitute and appoint Bruce C. Edwards and Kevin T. Michaels as our
true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agents with power of substitution, to do
any and all acts and things in our name and behalf in our capacities as
directors and officers and to execute any and all instruments for us and in our
names in the capacities indicated below, which said attorney-in-fact and agent
may deem necessary or advisable to enable said corporation to comply with the
Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and any rules, regulations and
requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, in connection with this
Annual Report on Form 10-K, including specifically but without limitation, power
and authority to sign for us or any of us in our names in the capacities
indicated below, any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments)
hereto; and we do hereby ratify and confirm all that said attorney-in-fact and
agent, shall do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on
the dates indicated.
Signature Title Date
--------- ----- ----
/s/ Bruce C. Edwards President, Chief Executive Officer March 14, 2000
- ---------------------------------------------------- and Director (Principal
Bruce C. Edwards Executive Officer)
/s/ Kevin T. Michaels Senior Vice President, Finance and March 14, 2000
- ---------------------------------------------------- Chief Financial Officer
Kevin T. Michaels (Principal Accounting Officer)
/s/ John L. Clendenin Chairman of the Board March 14, 2000
- ----------------------------------------------------
John L. Clendenin
/s/ Gregory M. Avis Director March 14, 2000
- ----------------------------------------------------
Gregory M. Avis
/s/ Eugene L. Goda Director March 14, 2000
- ----------------------------------------------------
Eugene L. Goda
/s/ David L. George Director March 14, 2000
- ----------------------------------------------------
David. L. George
/s/ Andrew J. Sukawaty Director March 14, 2000
- ----------------------------------------------------
Andrew J. Sukawaty
/s/ Carl W. Neun Director March 14, 2000
- ----------------------------------------------------
Carl W. Neun
/s/ Safi U. Qureshey Director March 14, 2000
- ----------------------------------------------------
Safi U. Qureshey
62
SCHEDULE II--VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
(in thousands)
Balance at Charges to Balance at
Beginning Costs and End of
Description of Period Expenses Deductions Period
----------- --------- -------- ---------- ------
Year ended January 2, 2000:
Allowance for doubtful accounts........................ $1,270 $1,756 $ (38) $2,988
Allowance for excess and obsolete inventory............ $5,084 $2,432 $(1,324) $6,192
Year ended January 3, 1999:
Allowance for doubtful accounts........................ $ 769 $ 525 $ (24) $1,270
Allowance for excess and obsolete inventory............ $2,518 $3,468(1) $ (902) $5,084
Year ended December 28, 1997:
Allowance for doubtful accounts........................ $ 485 $ 752 $ (468) $ 769
Allowance for excess and obsolete inventory............ $1,401 $1,120 $ (3) $2,518
______________
(1) Includes inventory reserves recorded as part of the HP Acquisition.
63