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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

Form 10-Q

 

x   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2003

 

OR

 

¨   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from                          to                     

 

Commission File Number 00025683

 

MARIMBA, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

 

77-0422318

(State of incorporation)

 

(IRS Employer

Identification No.)

 

440 Clyde Avenue, Mountain View, California 94043

(Address of principal executive offices, including ZIP code)

 

(650) 930-5282

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

None

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  x  No  ¨.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934).  Yes  ¨  No  x .

 

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock as of March 31, 2003 was 25,477,125.

 



Table of Contents

 

MARIMBA, INC.

 

INDEX

 

      

Page No.


Part I. Financial Information

      

Item 1.

  

Financial Statements (Unaudited)

      
    

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002

    

1

    

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2003 and 2002

    

2

    

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2003 and 2002

    

3

    

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

    

4

Item 2.

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation

    

7

Item 3.

  

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

    

20

Item 4.

  

Controls and Procedures

    

20

Part II. Other Information

      

Item 1.

  

Legal Proceedings

    

21

Item 2.

  

Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds

    

21

Item 3.

  

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

    

21

Item 4.

  

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

    

21

Item 5.

  

Other Information

    

21

Item 6.

  

Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K

    

22

Signature

         

23

Certifications

    

24


Table of Contents

 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

MARIMBA, INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except par value data)

 

    

March 31,

2003


    

December 31,

2002


 
    

(unaudited)

    

(*)

 

ASSETS

                 

Current assets:

                 

Cash and cash equivalents

  

$

17,729

 

  

$

11,704

 

Short-term investments

  

 

15,827

 

  

 

24,643

 

Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $708 and $750, respectively

  

 

8,823

 

  

 

6,546

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

  

 

1,402

 

  

 

1,321

 

    


  


Total current assets

  

 

43,781

 

  

 

44,214

 

Property and equipment, net

  

 

2,094

 

  

 

2,333

 

Long-term investments

  

 

14,349

 

  

 

13,917

 

Acquired technology

  

 

1,450

 

  

 

1,536

 

Other assets

  

 

369

 

  

 

369

 

    


  


    

$

62,043

 

  

$

62,369

 

    


  


LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

                 

Current liabilities:

                 

Accounts payable

  

$

418

 

  

$

465

 

Accrued liabilities

  

 

1,286

 

  

 

1,576

 

Accrued compensation

  

 

2,586

 

  

 

2,348

 

Deferred revenue

  

 

8,103

 

  

 

8,299

 

    


  


Total current liabilities

  

 

12,393

 

  

 

12,688

 

Deferred rent

  

 

284

 

  

 

286

 

Deferred revenues non-current

  

 

610

 

  

 

667

 

    


  


Total long-term liabilities

  

 

894

 

  

 

953

 

Stockholders’ equity:

                 

Preferred stock; $.0001 par value, 10,000 shares authorized, no shares designated, issued and outstanding

  

 

—  

 

  

 

—  

 

Common stock; $.0001 par value, 80,000 shares authorized, 25,477 and 25,201 shares issued and outstanding, respectively

  

 

2

 

  

 

2

 

Additional paid-in capital

  

 

98,307

 

  

 

98,728

 

Deferred compensation

  

 

(57

)

  

 

(239

)

Accumulated other comprehensive income

  

 

139

 

  

 

215

 

Accumulated deficit

  

 

(49,635

)

  

 

(49,978

)

    


  


Stockholders’ equity

  

 

48,756

 

  

 

48,728

 

    


  


    

$

62,043

 

  

$

62,369

 

    


  


 

(*)   The balance sheet at December 31, 2002 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date, but does not include all the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements.

 

See accompanying notes.

 

1


Table of Contents

 

MARIMBA, INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 

    

Three Months Ended March 31


 
    

2003


  

2002


 
    

(unaudited)

 

Revenues:

               

License

  

$

6,520

  

$

3,969

 

Service

  

 

3,611

  

 

4,092

 

    

  


Total revenues

  

 

10,131

  

 

8,061

 

Cost of revenues:

               

License

  

 

163

  

 

126

 

Service

  

 

1,363

  

 

1,456

 

    

  


Total cost of revenues

  

 

1,526

  

 

1,582

 

    

  


Gross profit

  

 

8,605

  

 

6,479

 

Operating expenses:

               

Research and development

  

 

2,026

  

 

2,058

 

Sales and marketing

  

 

5,302

  

 

6,676

 

General and administrative

  

 

1,172

  

 

1,565

 

Amortization of deferred compensation

  

 

54

  

 

552

 

    

  


Total operating expenses

  

 

8,554

  

 

10,851

 

    

  


Income (loss) from operations

  

 

51

  

 

(4,372

)

Interest income

  

 

298

  

 

439

 

Other income (expenses)

  

 

23

  

 

(7

)

    

  


Income (loss) before income taxes

  

 

372

  

 

(3,940

)

Provision for income taxes

  

 

29

  

 

9

 

    

  


Net income (loss)

  

$

343

  

$

(3,949

)

    

  


Basic and diluted net profit (loss) per share

  

$

0.01

  

$

(0.16

)

    

  


Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding used in computing basic net income (loss) per share

  

 

25,311

  

 

24,219

 

    

  


Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding used in computing diluted net profit (loss) per share

  

 

25,452

  

 

24,219

 

    

  


 

See accompanying notes.

 

2


Table of Contents

 

MARIMBA, INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31,


 
    

2003


    

2002


 
    

(unaudited)

 

Operating activities:

                 

Net income (loss)

  

$

343

 

  

$

(3,949

)

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

                 

Depreciation

  

 

375

 

  

 

507

 

Amortization of deferred compensation

  

 

54

 

  

 

552

 

Amortization of acquired technology

  

 

86

 

  

 

—  

 

Loss on disposal of property and equipment

  

 

—  

 

  

 

3

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

                 

Accounts receivable, net

  

 

(2,277

)

  

 

2,548

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

  

 

(81

)

  

 

523

 

Accounts payable

  

 

(47

)

  

 

(128

)

Accrued liabilities

  

 

(290

)

  

 

(141

)

Accrued compensation

  

 

238

 

  

 

(384

)

Deferred revenue

  

 

(253

)

  

 

(1,303

)

Deferred rent

  

 

(2

)

  

 

19

 

    


  


Net cash used in operating activities

  

 

(1,854

)

  

 

(1,753

)

    


  


Investing activities:

                 

Capital expenditures, net

  

 

(136

)

  

 

(21

)

Purchases of investments

  

 

(6,868

)

  

 

(12,589

)

Proceeds from matured investments

  

 

15,181

 

  

 

10,065

 

    


  


Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

  

 

8,177

 

  

 

(2,545

)

    


  


Financing activities:

                 

Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of repurchases

  

 

(293

)

  

 

(9

)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash

  

 

(5

)

  

 

(5

)

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

  

 

6,025

 

  

 

(4,312

)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

  

 

11,704

 

  

 

26,139

 

    


  


Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

  

$

17,729

 

  

$

21,827

 

    


  


 

See accompanying notes.

 

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MARIMBA, INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

 

1. Description of Business

 

Marimba, Inc. was incorporated in Delaware in February 1996. We develop, market and support software change management and software configuration management solutions. Our products help customers reduce their total cost of information technology (“IT”) ownership and improve quality of IT service by streamlining the distribution and management of software applications and content. Our customer base spans multiple industries, including financial services, healthcare, insurance, manufacturing and telecommunications. We market our products worldwide through a combination of a direct sales force and resellers.

 

2. Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by Marimba, Inc. (“Marimba”, the “Company”, “we”, “our” or “us”) and reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals, which in the opinion of management are necessary to present fairly the financial position and the results of operations for the interim periods. The balance sheet at December 31, 2002 has been derived from audited financial statements at that date. The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), but omit certain information and footnote disclosure necessary to present the statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. For further information, refer to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in Marimba’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002 filed with the SEC on March 28, 2003. Results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2003 or for any future interim or full-year period.

 

Reclassification

 

Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation format with no impact on net income. All financial information has been reclassified to conform to this presentation.

 

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

 

Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share includes the weighted-average number of common share equivalents outstanding during the period. Dilutive common share equivalents consist of employee stock options and are calculated by using the treasury stock method. The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share (in thousands, except per share data):

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31,


 
    

2003


    

2002


 

Net income (loss)

  

$

343

 

  

$

(3,949

)

Weighted-average shares – Basic:

                 

Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding

  

 

25,356

 

  

 

24,304

 

Less weighted-average shares subject to repurchase

  

 

(45

)

  

 

(85

)

    


  


Weighted-average shares – Basic

  

 

25,311

 

  

 

24,219

 

Effect of dilutive securities: Employee stock options

  

 

141

 

  

 

—  

 

    


  


Weighted average shares – Diluted

  

 

25,452

 

  

 

24,219

 

    


  


Net income (loss) per share – Basic

  

$

0.01

 

  

$

(0.16

)

    


  


Net income (loss) per share – Diluted

  

$

0.01

 

  

$

(0.16

)

    


  


 

 

4


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For the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, 4,171,007 and 7,304,165 shares attributable to outstanding stock options were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share, because the effect was antidilutive.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

Effective January 1, 2003, we adopted FASB Statement No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities.” Statement 146 requires that a liability for costs associated with exit or disposal activities be recognized and measured initially at fair value only when the liability is incurred. Statement 146 is effective for exit or disposal activities that are initiated after December 31, 2002. The adoption of Statement 146 had no effect on our reported financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

 

Effective January 1, 2003, we adopted FASB Interpretation No. 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others”. Interpretation 45 requires certain disclosures to be made by a guarantor effective for interim and annual periods ending after December 15, 2002. Interpretation 45 also requires the guarantor to recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation relating to the guarantee. The initial recognition and measurement provisions of Interpretation 45 are applicable on a prospective basis to guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002. The adoption of Interpretation 45 had no effect on our reported financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

 

Effective January 1, 2003, we adopted FASB Statement No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation – Transition and Disclosure”. Statement 148, amends FASB Statement 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” by providing alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In addition, Statement 148 amends the disclosure requirements of Statement 123 to require prominent disclosures in both annual and interim financial statements about the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the effect of the method used on reported results. The adoption of Statement 148 had no effect on our reported financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

 

Guarantees

 

We enter into standard indemnification agreements with our customers and technology partners. Pursuant to these agreements, we typically indemnify, hold harmless, and agree to reimburse the indemnified party for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party in connection with any U.S. patent, copyright or other intellectual property infringement claim by any third party with respect to our products. The term of these indemnification agreements is generally perpetual any time after execution of the agreement. The maximum potential amount of future payments that Marimba could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited. We have, in the past, incurred costs to defend intellectual property lawsuits.

 

We generally warrant that our software products will perform in all material respects in accordance with our standard published specifications for a specified period of time from the date of license. Additionally, we warrant that our maintenance and other services will be performed consistent with generally accepted industry standards through completion of the agreed upon services. Historically, costs related to these warranties have not been significant. We maintain a warranty accrual in the event that we incur expenses associated with customer claims made under our warranty provisions. Activity within this accrual was immaterial for the periods presented.

 

We have agreements in place with our directors and officers whereby we indemnify them for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was, serving at our request in such capacity. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, we have a director and officer insurance policy that may enable us to recover a portion of any future amounts paid.

 

5


Table of Contents

 

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

 

The following table summarizes relevant information as to reported results under Marimba’s intrinsic value method of accounting for stock awards, with supplemental information as if the fair value recognition provisions of FASB Statement 123 had been applied (in thousands, except per share data):

 

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31,


 
    

2003


  

2002


 

Net income (loss) as reported

  

$

343

  

$

(3,949

)

Add: Stock-based compensation included in reported net income (loss)

  

 

54

  

 

552

 

Deduct: Total stock-based compensation recovery (expense) under SFAS 123, net of tax effect

  

 

147

  

 

(3,765

)

    

  


Pro forma net income (loss)

  

$

544

  

$

(7,162

)

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share:

               

Reported net income (loss) per common share

  

$

0.01

  

$

(0.16

)

    

  


Pro forma net income (loss) per common share

  

$

0.02

  

$

(0.30

)

    

  


 

3. Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

Comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) such as foreign currency translation gain or losses and unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale marketable securities. Our total comprehensive income (loss) is as follows (in thousands):

 

    

Three Months Ended March 31,


 
    

2003


    

2002


 

Net income (loss)

  

$

343

 

  

$

(3,949

)

Other comprehensive income (loss):

                 

Change in unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities

  

 

(71

)

  

 

(210

)

Foreign currency translation adjustment

  

 

(5

)

  

 

(5

)

    


  


Comprehensive income (loss)

  

$

267

 

  

$

(4,164

)

    


  


 

4. Legal Matters

 

Beginning in April 2001, a number of substantially identical class action complaints alleging violations of the federal securities laws were filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York naming Marimba, Inc., certain of its officers and directors, and certain underwriters of the company’s initial public offering (Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc., Credit Suisse First Boston Corp. and Bear Stearns & Co., Inc.) as defendants. The complaints have since been consolidated into a single action, and a consolidated amended complaint was filed in April 2002. The complaint alleges, among other things, that the underwriters of our initial public offering violated the securities laws by failing to disclose certain alleged compensation and tie-in arrangements (such as undisclosed commissions or stock stabilization practices) in the registration statement filed in connection with the offering. Marimba and certain of its officers and directors were named in the complaint pursuant to Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, and Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The complaint seeks unspecified damages, attorney and expert fees, and other unspecified litigation costs. Similar complaints have been filed against over 300 other issuers that have had initial public offerings since 1998 and all such actions have been included in a single coordinated proceeding. In July 2002, the defendants in the consolidated actions filed motions to dismiss all of the cases in the litigation (including the case involving Marimba). On February 19, 2003, the court ruled on the motions and granted Marimba’s motion to dismiss the claims against it under Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5. The motions to dismiss the claims under Section 11 were denied as to virtually all of the defendants in the consolidated cases, including Marimba. In addition, the Marimba individual defendants in the litigation each signed a tolling agreement and were dismissed from the action without prejudice on October 9, 2002. Marimba intends to defend this litigation vigorously. However, due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the litigation. Any unfavorable outcome of this litigation could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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ITEM 2.   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION

 

The information in this report contains forward-looking statements, which are subject to safe harbors created under the U.S. federal securities laws. Such statements are based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements, including statements that refer to projections of our future financial performance, anticipated revenue growth, profitability, expenses, cash flows, capital needs, competition and market share growth, the development of new products and technologies and market acceptance of such products or technologies, business and sales strategies, developments in our target markets, matters relating to distribution channels and partnerships, proprietary rights, litigation, and other trends in our businesses. In addition, the words “believes,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “expects,” “intends” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Marimba’s actual results and the timing of certain events may differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a discrepancy include, but are not limited to, those discussed in “Other Factors Affecting Operating Results, Liquidity and Capital Resources” below, and in other reports or submissions filed with the SEC. All forward-looking statements in this report are based on information available to Marimba as of the date hereof, and Marimba undertakes no obligation to release publicly any updates or revisions to any such forward-looking statements, except as otherwise required by law.

 

Overview

 

Marimba, Inc. was incorporated in Delaware in February 1996. We develop, market and support software change management and software configuration management solutions. Our products help customers reduce their total cost of information technology (“IT”) ownership and improve quality of IT service by streamlining the distribution and management of software applications and content. Our customer base spans multiple industries, including financial services, healthcare, insurance, manufacturing and telecommunications. We market our products worldwide through a combination of a direct sales force and resellers.

 

Revenues to date have been derived from the license of our products and from support and maintenance, consulting and training services. Customers who license our products generally purchase maintenance contracts, typically covering a 12-month period. Additionally, customers may purchase consulting services, which are customarily billed at a fixed daily rate plus out-of-pocket expenses. We also offer training services that are billed on a per student or per class session basis.

 

Since inception, we have made substantial investments in sales, marketing and research and development to expand and enhance our product lines and increase the market awareness of Marimba and our products. We have incurred significant losses since inception and had an accumulated deficit of approximately $49.6 million at March 31, 2003. We believe that our future success depends in part on our ability to increase our customer base and on growth in our market overall. Accordingly, over the long term, we intend to continue to invest heavily in sales, marketing and research and development.

 

In view of the rapidly changing nature of our business and our limited operating history, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of revenues and operating results are not necessarily meaningful, and historical trends that may be drawn from these comparisons should not be relied upon as indications of future performance, growth or financial results.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

We believe there have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2003 as compared to what was previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002 filed with the SEC on March 28, 2003.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Results of Operation

 

The following table sets forth certain statements of operations data as a percentage of total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002:

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31,


 
    

2003


    

2002


 

Revenues:

             

License

  

64.4

%

  

49.2

%

Service

  

35.6

 

  

50.8

 

    

  

Total revenues

  

100.0

 

  

100.0

 

Cost of revenues:

             

License

  

1.6

 

  

1.5

 

Service

  

13.5

 

  

18.1

 

    

  

Total cost of revenues

  

15.1

 

  

19.6

 

    

  

Gross margin

  

84.9

 

  

80.4

 

Operating expenses

  

84.4

 

  

134.6

 

    

  

Income (loss) from operations

  

0.5

 

  

(54.2

)

Net income (loss)

  

3.4

%

  

(49.0

)%

    

  

 

The data presented above and elsewhere in this section has been derived from the unaudited consolidated financial statements contained in this report which, in the opinion of management include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals, necessary to present fairly the financial position and results of operations for the interim periods. The operating results for any quarter should not be considered indicative of results of any future period. This information should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002 filed with the SEC on March 28, 2003.

 

Revenues

 

The following table presents selected revenue data for the periods indicated (in thousands except for percentages):

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31,


 
    

2003


    

2002


 

Revenues:

                 

License

  

$

6,520

 

  

$

3,969

 

Service

  

 

3,611

 

  

 

4,092

 

    


  


Total revenues

  

$

10,131

 

  

$

8,061

 

Percentage of total revenues:

                 

License

  

 

64

%

  

 

49

%

Service

  

 

36

 

  

 

51

 

 

Total revenues increased $2.1 million or approximately 26%, to $10.1 million in the first quarter of 2003 from $8.1 million in the first quarter of 2002. The increase in total revenues was due to an increase in licenses revenues, partially offset by a decrease in service revenues, as discussed below. Our quarterly revenues often depend on a small number of relatively large transactions. In the first quarter of 2003, two customers accounted for approximately 20% and 13% of total revenues. In the first quarter of 2002, no customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenues.

 

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License Revenues. License revenues increased $2.6 million, or approximately 64%, to $6.5 million in the first quarter of 2003 from $4.0 million in the first quarter of 2002. As a percentage of total revenues, license revenues increased to 64% of total revenues in the three-month period ended March 31, 2003, from 49% in the comparable period of 2002. The increase in license revenues for the first quarter of 2003 was due to a few large license transactions resulting in a significantly increased average deal size. The comparable 2002 period, in contrast, was characterized by lower deal sizes, due primarily we believe to a generally weak IT spending environment. The mix of products sold each quarter can vary significantly. For example, the first quarter of 2002 included a large Embedded Management transaction that resulted in this product line being a large percentage of our license revenue, whereas the first quarter of 2003 had only a single small Embedded Management license purchase that resulted in less than 1% of license revenue. The following table presents the license revenues derived from each of our product lines as a percentage of total license revenues for the periods indicated:

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31,


 
    

2003


    

2002


 

Percentage of total license revenues:

             

Desktop/Mobile Management

  

85

%

  

63

%

Server Management

  

15

 

  

19

 

Embedded Management

  

 

  

18

 

 

Service Revenues. Service revenues include support and maintenance, consulting and training. Service revenues in the first quarter of 2003 decreased $481,000, or approximately 12%, compared with the first quarter of 2002. $360,000 of this decrease was the result of lower consulting and training revenues, stemming from both a reduction of our standard consulting prices and reduced utilization of our professional services employees. As a percentage of total revenues, service revenues decreased to 36% of total revenues in the first quarter of 2003, from 51% in the comparable period of 2002. The decrease in service revenues as a percentage of total revenues was due primarily to the increase in license revenues in the three-month period ended March 31, 2003. The following table presents the components of service revenues as a percentage of service revenues for the periods indicated:

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31,


 
    

2003


    

2002


 

Percentage of total service revenues:

             

Consulting

  

12

%

  

17

%

Support and maintenance

  

83

 

  

77

 

Training

  

5

 

  

6

 

 

International. Revenues outside the United States represented approximately 11% and 16% of total revenues for the three-month period ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The decrease in revenues outside the United States, as a percentage of total revenues, was due primarily to the increase in domestic revenues. Domestic revenues increased by $2.3 million, or 33%, to approximately $9.0 million in the first quarter of 2003 when compared to the same quarter in 2002. International revenues decreased by $188,000 or 14%, to approximately $1.1 million in the first quarter of 2003 when compared to the same quarter in 2002. The following table presents our revenues by region as a percentage of total revenues:

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31,


 
    

2003


    

2002


 

Revenues:

             

United States

  

89

%

  

84

%

Europe

  

10

 

  

15

 

Other regions

  

1

 

  

1

 

 

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Costs of Revenues and Gross Profit

 

Cost of License Revenues and Related Gross Profit. Cost of license revenues consists primarily of the cost of third-party software technology that was either integrated into our products or resold by us. Cost of license revenues in the first quarter of 2003 included an additional charge of approximately $85,000 for amortization of acquired technology in connection with a legal settlement of a patent dispute in July 2002. We expect to record similar quarterly amortization charges through June 2007. The following table presents our gross profit on license revenues (in thousands except for percentages):

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31,


 
    

2003


    

2002


 

License revenues

  

$

6,520

 

  

$

3,969

 

Cost of license revenues

  

 

163

 

  

 

126

 

    


  


Gross profit on license revenues

  

$

6,357

 

  

$

3,843

 

Gross profit on license revenues as a percentage of license revenues

  

 

98

%

  

 

97

%

 

Cost of Service Revenues and Related Gross Profit. Cost of service revenues includes salaries and related expenses of our customer service and training organizations, consultants and third parties for billable consulting arrangements, and an allocation of certain overhead expenses. Cost of service revenues during the first quarter of 2003 decreased by approximately 6% compared to the same period in 2002. As a percentage of service revenues, cost of service revenues was relatively stable at 62% for the three months ended March 31, 2003, compared with 64% for the same period in 2002. The following table presents our gross profit on service revenues (in thousands except for percentages):

 

    

Three Months Ended

March 31,


 
    

2003


    

2002


 

Service revenues

  

$

3,611

 

  

$

4,092

 

Cost of service revenues

  

 

1,363

 

  

 

1,456

 

    


  


Gross profit on service revenues

  

$

2,248

 

  

$

2,636

 

Gross profit on service revenues as a percentage of service revenues

  

 

62

%

  

 

64

%

 

Operating Expenses

 

Research and Development. Research and development expenses decreased $32,000, or less than 2%, to $2.0 million in the first quarter of 2003 from $2.1 million in the comparative period of 2002. This was primarily due to decreases in headcount during 2002 that were partially offset by increased consulting expenses as we continue to enhance and develop our products.

 

Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses decreased $1.4 million, or approximately 21%, to $5.3 million in the first quarter of 2003 from $6.7 million in the first quarter of 2002, due primarily to fewer promotional activities during the first quarter of 2003 and headcount reductions that took place primarily in the third quarter of 2002.

 

General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses decreased $393,000, or 25%, to $1.2 million in the first quarter of 2003 from $1.6 million in the first quarter of 2002, due primarily to the restructuring that took place in the third quarter of 2002 and other general cost cutting measures.

 

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Deferred Compensation. We amortized deferred compensation, net of credits resulting from the forfeiture of stock options and repurchase of shares due to employee departures, of $54,000 for the first quarter of 2003, compared with $552,000 for the first quarter of 2002. Our deferred compensation charges resulted primarily from stock options granted prior to our initial public offering in April 1999 and restricted stock grants made in 2001 and 2002. Most of these stock options and restricted shares are now either vested or cancelled, which is the primary cause of the large decline in deferred compensation charges. We anticipate a charge of approximately $57,000 during the second quarter of 2003 and no charges thereafter.

 

Interest Income and Other Income, Net. Interest income and other income, net, was $321,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2003 and $432,000 for the same period in 2002. The decrease in interest income was due primarily to lower invested cash balances.

 

Provision for Income Taxes: Marimba’s provision for income taxes for the first quarters of 2003 and 2002 consists of state income, franchise taxes, foreign taxes, and with respect to 2003 only, a provision for Federal Alternative Minimum Tax after utilization of available net operating loss carryforwards. No provision for Federal taxes was recorded for the three-month period ended March 31, 2002, because we had experienced losses and did not anticipate paying Federal taxes.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

As of March 31, 2003, our principal sources of liquidity included approximately $17.7 million of cash and cash equivalents, and $15.8 and $14.3 million of short-term and long-term investments in marketable securities, respectively.

 

Cash equivalents consisted of financial instruments, which are readily convertible to cash and have maturities of three months or less at the time of acquisition. Investments with remaining maturities of less than one year are considered short-term, and investments with maturities longer than one year are considered long-term investments. Investments are reported at fair market value and are managed by professional investment managers.

 

Net cash used in operating activities was approximately $1.9 million for the first three months of 2003, compared to $1.8 million for the same period in 2002. This relatively small increase was due primarily to an increase in accounts receivable, partially offset by a decrease in deferred revenues. The net cash provided by investing activities of $8.2 million in the first quarter of 2003 was primarily related to lower purchases of short-term and long-term investments and to sales and maturities of previous investments. The net cash used in financing activities of $293,000 was due to the repurchase of common stock.

 

We currently anticipate that our current cash, cash equivalents and investments will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months. However, it is possible that we could experience unexpected cash requirements that would force us to seek financing, or at some point in the future we may otherwise seek financing to support our long-term operations. In any such event, we may seek to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain a credit facility. Any additional financings, if needed, might not be available on reasonable terms or at all. Failure to raise capital when needed could seriously harm our business and operating results. If additional funds were raised through the issuance of equity securities, the percentage of ownership of our existing stockholders would be reduced.

 

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Commitments

 

Our contractual obligations consist of noncancellable operating lease agreements. As of March 31, 2003, future minimum lease payments under noncancellable operating leases are expected to be approximately $4.1 million, and become due as presented in the table below:

 

    

Operating

Leases


    

(in thousands)

Less than 1 year

  

$

1,919

1 to 3 years

  

 

2,193

4 years and thereafter

  

 

—  

    

Total minimum lease payments

  

$

4,112

    

 

Other Factors Affecting Operating Results, Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

The factors discussed below are cautionary statements that identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated by the forward-looking statements contained in this report. For more information regarding the forward-looking statements contained in this report, see the introductory paragraph to Part I of this report.

 

We Have Incurred Losses and May Incur Future Losses

 

There is no assurance that we will be able to sustain or increase profitability in the long run. As of March 31, 2003, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $49.6 million. Our history of losses may cause some of our potential and/or actual customers to question our viability, which may in turn hamper our ability to sell some of our products or collect receivables.

 

Fluctuations in Our Quarterly Operating Results Could Adversely Affect Our Stock Price

 

Our quarterly operating results have varied significantly in the past and will likely vary significantly in the future. As a result, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our operating results should not be relied upon as indicators of our future performance. Our operating results have been below the expectations of securities analysts and investors in the past and could be so in the future. Our failure to meet these expectations would likely harm the market price of our common stock. Operating results vary depending on a number of factors, many of which are outside our control.

 

A substantial portion of our revenues for most quarters has been recorded in the last month of the quarter and the magnitude of quarterly fluctuations in operating results may not become evident until late in or towards the end of a particular quarter. At the same time, our expense levels are relatively fixed for a particular quarter and are based, in part, on expectations as to future revenues. As a result, if revenue levels fall below our expectations for a particular quarter, our operating results will be adversely affected as only a small portion of our expenses vary with our revenues. A delay in recognizing revenue, even from a single account, could seriously harm our operating results.

 

Our Revenues in Any Quarter Depend on a Small Number of Relatively Large Orders

 

Our quarterly revenues are especially subject to fluctuation, because they normally depend on the completion of relatively large license transactions. For example, two transactions accounted for approximately 33% of our revenues during the first quarter of 2003. This dependence on large orders makes our net revenue and operating results more likely to vary from quarter to quarter, and more difficult to predict, because the loss of any particular large order is significant. As a result, our operating results could suffer if any large orders are delayed or canceled in any future period.

 

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We Are Subject to the Effects of General Economic and Geopolitical Conditions and Reductions in Corporate IT Spending, and the Current Economic Downturn May Continue to Adversely Impact Our Business

 

Our business is subject to the effects of general economic conditions and, in particular, market conditions in the industries that we serve. We believe that our operating results are being adversely impacted by recent unfavorable general economic and geopolitical conditions, as well as reductions in corporate IT spending. Recent political turmoil in many parts of the world, including terrorist and military actions, may continue to put pressure on global economic conditions. Our customers’ decisions to purchase our products are discretionary and subject to their internal budget and purchasing processes, which may be impacted by the above factors. In addition, since many of our customers may be suffering adverse effects from the general economic slowdown, we may find that collecting accounts receivable from existing or new customers will take longer than we expect or that some accounts receivable will become uncollectible. If these conditions do not improve, or if they deteriorate further, our business and operating results are likely to continue to be adversely impacted.

 

Our Success Depends on Our Desktop/Mobile Management Product Line

 

We expect to continue to derive a substantial portion of our revenues from our Desktop/Mobile Management product line and related services. A decline in the price of our Desktop/Mobile Management products or our inability to increase sales of these products would seriously harm our business and operating results. We cannot predict the success of our Desktop/Mobile Management products. We periodically update our Desktop/Mobile Management products to make improvements and provide additional enhancements. New versions of this product line may not provide the benefits we expect and could fail to meet customers’ requirements or achieve widespread market acceptance.

 

We Need to Continue to Enhance and Develop Our Server Management and Embedded Management Product and Develop New Products and Services

 

There can be no assurance that the revenues from our newer Server Management and Embedded Management product lines will grow in absolute amount or as a percentage of total license revenues. In addition, we cannot assure you that our Server Management products and Embedded Management products will meet customer expectations or gain widespread market acceptance.

 

To provide comprehensive software change management solutions, we will need to develop and introduce new products and services, which offer functionality that we do not currently provide. We may not be able to develop these technologies, and therefore, we may not be able to offer a comprehensive software change management solution. In addition, we have, in the past, experienced delays in new product releases, and we may experience similar delays in the future. If we fail to release new products on a timely basis, our business and operating results could be seriously harmed.

 

We Depend on the Growth of Our Customer Base and Increased Business from Our Current Customers

 

Our success is substantially dependent on the continued growth of our customer base. If we fail to increase our customer base, our business and operating results would be seriously harmed. Our ability to attract new customers will depend on a variety of factors, including the reliability, security, scalability and cost-effectiveness of our products and services, as well as our ability to effectively market our products and services.

 

If we fail to generate repeat and expanded business from our current customers, our business and operating results would be seriously harmed. Many of our customers initially make a limited purchase of our products and services for pilot programs. These customers may not choose to purchase additional licenses to expand their use of our products. In addition, as we deploy new versions of our products or introduce new products, our current customers may not require the functionality provided by our new products and may not ultimately license these products.

 

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Our Ability to Grow and Sustain Service Revenues Depends on New License Customers and Support Contract Renewals

 

Because the total amount of maintenance and support fees we receive in any period depends in large part on the size and number of licenses that we have previously sold, any downturn in our software license revenues negatively impacts our future service revenues. Our license revenues decreased during 2002, which could contribute to a decrease in service revenues in 2003 and beyond.

 

Our support and maintenance programs are sold on an annual basis. Renewal of annual support and maintenance is generally at the customer’s election. If customers elect not to renew their support and maintenance agreements, our service revenues could be significantly adversely impacted. If support and maintenance revenues were to decline, or not grow as rapidly as expected, we would need to increase our license revenues and other service revenues in order to make up for the decline in support and maintenance revenues.

 

Failure to Further Develop and Sustain Our Indirect Sales Channel and Third-Party Distribution Relationships Could Limit or Prevent Future Growth

 

We have a limited number of distribution relationships for our products with systems integrators and other resellers, and we may not be able to increase our number of distribution relationships or maintain our existing relationships. We are relying in part on the growth of our indirect sales channel for future revenue growth, and if this does not continue to develop, our ability to grow our revenues may be materially harmed.

 

Our current agreements with our distribution partners typically do not prevent these companies from selling products of other companies, including products that may compete with our products, and do not generally require these companies to purchase minimum quantities of our products. Some of these relationships are governed by agreements that can be terminated by either party with little or no prior notice. These distributors could give higher priority to the products of other companies or to their own products than they give to our products. In addition, sales through these channels generally result in lower fees to Marimba than direct sales. The loss of, or significant reduction in, sales volume to any of our current or future distribution partners as a result of any of these or other factors could seriously harm our revenues and operating results.

 

We Rely on Third-Party Marketing and Technology Relationships For Future Sales Growth

 

We currently have several marketing and technology relationships. These relationships include joint sales and marketing relationships that provide us access to potential sales to large enterprises that we might not otherwise have access to, as well as product integration and other relationships. If we cannot maintain successful marketing and technology relationships or if we fail to enter into additional marketing and technology relationships, we could have difficulty expanding the sales of our products and our growth might be limited. Our marketing and technology relationships are generally not documented in writing, or are governed by agreements that can be terminated by either party with little or no prior notice. In addition, companies with which we have marketing or technology relationships may promote products of several different companies, including those of our competitors. If these companies choose not to promote our products or if they develop, market or recommend applications that compete with our products, our business would be harmed.

 

Implementation of Our Products by Large Customers May Be Complex and Customers Could Become Dissatisfied if Implementation Proves Difficult, Costly or Time Consuming

 

Our products must integrate with many existing computer systems and software programs used by our customers. Integrating with many other computer systems and software programs can be complex, costly and time consuming, and can cause delays in the deployment of our products for such customers. Customers could become dissatisfied with our products if implementations prove to be difficult, costly or time consuming, and this could negatively impact our ability to sell our products.

 

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Our Business and Financial Performance Depends on Our Ability to Retain and Attract Key Personnel

 

Our success depends largely on the skills, experience and performance of the members of our senior management and other key personnel. We have recently had changes in our senior management, in particular within our sales organization. Several members of our senior management are relatively new to Marimba, and our success will depend in part on the successful assimilation and performance of these individuals.

 

We may not be successful in attracting qualified senior management personnel or be able to attract, assimilate and retain other key personnel in the future. None of our senior management or other key personnel in the U.S. is bound by an employment agreement. In addition, our future success will depend largely on our ability to continue attracting and retaining highly skilled personnel. Like other companies in the software industry, we face competition for qualified personnel. To compete, we believe that we must provide personnel with a competitive compensation package, including stock options. The recent downturn in the trading price of our stock has reduced the incentive effect of many of our previously granted stock options. If we lose senior management or key employees and are unable to replace them with qualified individuals, our business and operating results could be seriously harmed.

 

If Requirements Relating to Accounting Treatment For Employee Stock Options Are Changed, We May Be Forced to Change Our Business Practices

 

We currently account for the issuance of stock options under APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” If proposals currently under consideration by administrative and governmental authorities are adopted, we may be required to treat the value of the stock options granted to employees as a compensation expense. As a result, we could decide to decrease the number of employee stock options that we would grant. This could affect our ability to retain existing employees and attract qualified candidates, and increase the cash compensation we would have to pay to them. In addition, such a change could have a negative effect on our earnings.

 

We Have a Long Sales Cycle and Our Products Require a Sophisticated Sales Effort

 

A customer’s decision to license our products typically involves a significant commitment of resources and is influenced by the customer’s budget cycles and internal approval procedures for IT purchases. In addition, selling our products requires us to educate potential customers on our products’ uses and benefits. As a result, our products have a long sales cycle, which can take over six months, and sales cycles are generally lengthening during the current economic slowdown. We face difficulty predicting the quarter in which sales to expected customers may occur. The sale of our products is also subject to delays from the lengthy budgeting, approval and competitive evaluation processes of our customers that typically accompany significant capital expenditures. For example, customers frequently begin by evaluating our products on a limited basis and devote time and resources to test our products before they decide whether to purchase a license for deployment. Customers may also defer orders as a result of anticipated releases of new products or enhancements by our competitors or us.

 

Our products and services require a sophisticated sales effort targeted at senior management of our prospective customers. New hires require extensive training and typically take at least six months to achieve full productivity. There is no assurance that new sales representatives will ultimately become productive. In prior quarters, a large portion of our license revenues has often resulted from contracts closed by just a few sales representatives. If we were to lose qualified and productive sales personnel, our revenues could be adversely impacted.

 

Our Markets are Highly Competitive and are Experiencing Consolidation, and Our Operating Results and Financial Condition Could Be Materially Harmed if We Are Unable to Compete Effectively

 

The markets for our products are highly competitive, and we expect this competition to persist and intensify in the future. We compete against both new entrants into our markets as well as existing companies. Our failure to maintain and enhance our competitive position could seriously harm our business and operating results. We encounter competition from a number of sources, including:

 

    Sellers of enterprise-wide management systems, which include electronic software distribution;

 

    Companies that market products that support the distribution of software applications and content;

 

    Desktop software management products;

 

 

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    Application server vendors and others that have introduced software distribution capabilities into their products;

 

    Hardware suppliers that offer or bundle software management capabilities in conjunction with their hardware offerings; and

 

    Our potential customers’ own information technology departments and internal development efforts.

 

Many of our competitors have longer operating histories and significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do. Many of these companies have more extensive customer bases and broader customer relationships that they could leverage, including relationships with many of our current and potential customers. Many also have significantly more established customer support and professional service organizations than we do. In addition, these companies may adopt aggressive pricing policies, which we are unable to match. In the past, we have lost potential customers to competitors for various reasons, including lower prices. Furthermore, these companies may have greater brand name recognition that we do. To achieve widespread market acceptance, we will need to further establish the Marimba brand and be able to differentiate our product and service offerings from those of our competitors.

 

Contributing to these challenges, our industry has been subject to consolidation, which subjects us to competition with larger companies offering integrated solutions and a wider breadth of products. Potential competitors may bundle their products or incorporate additional components into existing products in a manner that discourages users from purchasing our products. Alliances among competitors or between competitors and other large software companies present similar competitive challenges. As a result of consolidation or alliances, these competitors may also be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements than we can.

 

In addition, enterprises that have already invested substantial resources in other methods of deploying and managing their applications, content and/or services may be reluctant or slow to adopt a new approach that may replace, limit or compete with their existing systems.

 

Finally, the widespread inclusion of the functionality of our products as standard features of Microsoft operating systems software could render our products obsolete and unmarketable, particularly if the quality of such functionality were comparable to that of our products. If we were unable to develop new functionality or unique applications for our technology to successfully replace any obsolete products, our business, condition (financial or otherwise), prospects and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

 

Protection of Our Intellectual Property Is Limited

 

We rely on a combination of patent, trademark, trade secret and copyright law and contractual restrictions to protect the proprietary aspects of our technology. These legal protections afford only limited protection. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of our products or to obtain and use our proprietary information. Litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets and to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. To the extent that we have sufficient resources to pursue such litigation, it could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and could significantly harm our business and operating results. In addition, we sell our products internationally, and the laws of many countries do not protect our proprietary rights as well as the laws of the United States.

 

We May Be Found to Infringe Proprietary Rights of Others

 

Other companies, including our competitors, may obtain patents or other proprietary rights that could prevent, limit or interfere with our ability to make, use or sell our products. As a result, we may be found to infringe the proprietary rights of others. Furthermore, companies in the software market are increasingly bringing suits alleging infringement of their proprietary rights, particularly patent rights. We have been involved in two such patent infringement suits in the past.

 

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We could incur substantial costs to defend any intellectual property litigation, and any such litigation could result in one or more of the following:

 

    Our paying monetary damages, which could be tripled if the infringement is found to have been willful;

 

    The issuance of a preliminary or permanent injunction requiring us to stop selling one or more of our products in their current forms;

 

    Our having to redesign one or more of our products, which could be costly and time-consuming and could substantially delay shipments, assuming that a redesign is feasible;

 

    Our having to reimburse the holder of the infringed intellectual property for some or all of its attorneys’ fees and costs;

 

    Our having to obtain from the holder licenses to its intellectual property, which licenses might not be made available to us on reasonable terms; or

 

    Our having to indemnify our customers against any losses they may incur due to the alleged infringement.

 

In the event of a successful claim of infringement against us and our failure or inability to license the infringed technology, our business and operating results would be significantly harmed.

 

We Are Involved in a Securities Class Action Litigation and Are At Risk of Additional Similar Litigation

 

We are a party to the securities class action litigation described in Part I, Item 1—“Legal Matters” of this report. The defense of this litigation may increase our expenses and divert our management’s attention and resources, and an adverse outcome in this litigation could seriously harm our business and results of operations. In addition, we may in the future be the target of other securities class action or similar litigation.

 

Our Operating Results and Financial Condition May be Materially Harmed if We Are Not Successful At Expanding Internationally

 

We plan to increase our international sales force and operations. Expanding internationally requires significant management attention and financial resources, and we may not grow our revenues enough to cover these expenses. For any such expansion, we will also need to, among other things, expand our international sales channel management and support organizations and develop relationships with international service providers and additional distributors and system integrators. In addition, as international operations become a larger part of our business, we could encounter, on average, greater difficulty with collecting accounts receivable, longer sales cycles and collection periods, greater seasonal reductions in business activity and increases in our tax rates. Furthermore, products may need to be localized, or customized to meet the needs of local users, before they can be sold in particular foreign countries. Developing localized versions of our products for foreign markets is difficult and could take longer than we anticipate.

 

In addition, our international business activities are subject to a variety of risks, including the adoption of or changes in laws, currency fluctuations and political and economic conditions that could restrict or eliminate our ability to do business in foreign jurisdictions. To date, we have not adopted a hedging program to protect us from risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations.

 

Export clearances, and in some cases, import clearances must be obtained before our products can be distributed internationally. Current or new government laws and regulations, or the application of existing laws and regulations, could expose us to significant liabili ties, significantly slow our growth and seriously harm our business and operating results.

 

We Rely on Third-Party Software and Applications

 

We integrate third-party software and digital certificates as a component of our software. There are inherent limitations in the use and capabilities of much of the technology that we license from third parties. As a result, we face a number of challenges in integrating these technologies into our products. We would be seriously harmed if the providers from whom we license software ceased to deliver and support reliable products, enhance their current

 

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products or respond to emerging industry standards. In addition, the third-party software may not continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms or at all. The loss of, or inability to maintain or obtain this software, could result in shipment delays or reductions. Furthermore, we might be forced to limit the features available in our current or future product offerings. Either alternative could seriously harm our business and operating results.

 

Almost all of our products are written in Java and require a Java virtual machine in order to operate. Vendors offering these Java virtual machines may not continue to make these implementations of the Java virtual machines available at commercially reasonable terms or at all. Furthermore, if Sun Microsystems were to make significant changes to the Java language, if significant changes were to be made to Java virtual machine implementations of Sun Microsystems and other vendors or if they fail to correct defects and limitations in these products, our ability to continue to improve and ship our products could be impaired. In the future, our customers may also require the ability to deploy our products on platforms for which technically acceptable Java implementations either do not exist or are not available on commercially reasonable terms. Our customers may also use particular implementations of the Java virtual machines that may not be technically or commercially acceptable for integration into our products.

 

Software Defects in Our Products Would Harm Our Business

 

Complex software products like ours often contain errors or defects, including errors relating to security, particularly when first introduced or when new versions or enhancements are released. Our products extensively utilize digital certificates and other complex technology. Our use of this technology has in the past and may in the future result in product behavior problems, which may not be anticipated by our customers or us. Defects or errors in our current or future products or in products comparable to ours could result in lost or delayed revenues, which would seriously harm our business and operating results.

 

We offer performance warranties with the purchase of a license for our software products. Such warranties typically require us to repair or replace a defective or non-conforming product reported to us during the applicable warranty period, or if repairing or replacing the product is commercially impracticable, to return the license fees paid for the defective or non-conforming product. We do not currently reserve for possible products returns. Because of this, any future product returns that require us to return amounts paid to us, especially from large customers or with respect to large transactions, could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.

 

In addition, since many of our customers use our products for business-critical applications, errors, defects or other performance problems could result in financial or other damage to our customers and could significantly impair their operations. Our customers could seek damages for losses related to any of these issues. A product liability claim or warranty claim brought against us, even if not successful, would likely be time consuming and costly to defend and could adversely affect our marketing efforts.

 

Our Stock Price Is Likely to Continue to be Volatile

 

The market price of our common stock has been and is likely to continue to be volatile. The market price of our common stock may be significantly affected by factors such as actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results, announcements of technological innovations, new products or new contracts by us or our competitors, developments with respect to patents or proprietary rights and related litigation, other material litigation involving Marimba, changes in our management or other key employees, adoption of new accounting standards affecting the software industry, general market conditions and other factors. In addition, the stock market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that have particularly affected the market price for the common stock of technology companies. Furthermore, our common stock is thinly traded, which contributes significantly to the volatility of our stock price. Due to the low trading volume of our stock, stockholders may not be able to purchase or sell shares, particularly large blocks of shares, as quickly and as inexpensively as if the trading volume were higher. Volatility in the price of our common stock may adversely affect its market price.

 

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We May Have Difficulty Collecting Amounts Owed to Us

 

Certain of our existing and proposed customers have experienced credit-related issues. Because a small number of customers account for a large portion of our revenue and cash flow in any given quarter, the credit-worthiness of our largest customers is critical to our business. At March 31, 2003, three customers represented 26%, 18% and 10% of net accounts receivable, and at March 31, 2002, two customers represented 20% and 13% of net accounts receivable. We wrote off $1.0 million in uncollectible accounts during fiscal 2002, which had been previously reserved in 2001. Marimba performs ongoing credit evaluations of customers, but does not generally require collateral. We grant credit terms to most customers ranging from 30 to 90 days, however in some instances Marimba may provide longer payment terms. Should we have more customers than we anticipate with liquidity issues, or if payment is not received on a timely basis, our business, operating results and general financial condition could be seriously harmed.

 

We Must Respond to Rapid Technological Change and Evolving Industry Standards

 

The markets for our software change and configuration management solutions are characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product introductions and enhancements, uncertain product life cycles, changes in customer demands and evolving industry standards. New solutions based on new technologies or new industry standards can quickly render existing solutions obsolete and unmarketable. Any delays in our ability to develop and release enhanced or new solutions could seriously harm our business and operating results. Our technology is complex, and new products, enhancements and services can require long development and testing periods. Our failure to conform to prevailing standards could have a negative effect on our business and operating results.

 

We Face Risks Associated with Potential Acquisitions

 

We may make acquisitions in the future. Acquisitions of companies, products or technologies entail numerous risks, including an inability to successfully assimilate acquired operations and products, diversion of management’s attention, loss of key employees of acquired companies and substantial transaction costs. Some of the products acquired may require significant additional development before they can be marketed and may not generate revenue at anticipated levels. Moreover, future acquisitions by us may result in dilutive issuances of equity securities, the use of a substantial portion of our cash and investment balances, the incurrence of additional debt, large one-time write-offs and the creation of goodwill or other intangible assets that could result in significant impairment charges or amortization expense. Any of these problems or factors could seriously harm our business, financial condition and operating results.

 

Provisions in Our Charter Documents and in Delaware Law May Discourage or Delay Potential Acquisition Bids for Marimba and Prevent Changes in Our Management

 

Our charter documents authorize us to issue shares of preferred stock with rights, preferences and privileges designated by our Board of Directors, without further stockholder approval. While this provides desirable flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, any issued preferred stock could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our company. As a result, the market price of our common stock and the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock may be adversely affected. The issuance of preferred stock may result in the loss of voting control to others.

 

In addition, provisions in our charter documents eliminate the right of stockholders to act by written consent without a meeting and limit the right of stockholders to call, and present items of business at, a special meeting of stockholders. These provisions are intended to increase the likelihood of continuity and stability in the composition of our Board of Directors and in the policies set by the Board. These provisions also discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened change of control transaction, and are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal. As a result, these provisions could discourage potential acquisition proposals and could delay or prevent a change in control transaction. These provisions are also intended to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy fights. However, they could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for outstanding shares of our stock, and may prevent the market price of our common stock from reflecting the effects of actual or rumored takeover attempts. These provisions may also have the effect of preventing changes in the management of our company.

 

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

We are generally subject to market risks associated with changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. A brief summary of these risks follows below. For more information, please see our annual report on Form 10-K. We believe there have been no significant changes in our market risk exposure during the three months ended March 31, 2003 as compared to what was previously disclosed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.

 

Interest Rate Sensitivity

 

Our interest income is sensitive to changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates, particularly since the majority of our investments are in short-term instruments. Our investment policy requires us to invest funds in excess of current operating requirements in:

 

    obligations of the U.S. government and its agencies;

 

    investment grade state and local government obligations;

 

    securities of U.S. corporations that, when purchased, are rated A1 or AA by Standard and Poor’s or the Moody’s equivalent; and

 

    money market funds, deposits or notes issued or guaranteed by U.S. and non-U.S. commercial banks meeting particular credit rating and net worth requirements with maturities of less than two years.

 

Exchange Rate Sensitivity

 

We develop products in the United States, and sell our products and services primarily in North America, Europe and Asia. As a result, our financial results could be affected by various factors, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates or weak economic conditions in foreign markets. Portions of our sales are currently transacted in British Pounds and Euros, thereby potentially affecting our financial position, results of operations and cash flows due to fluctuations in exchange rates. Near-term changes in exchange rates may have a material impact on our future revenues, earnings, fair values or cash flows. We have not engaged in foreign currency hedging transactions. There can be no assurance that a sudden and significant change in the value of the British Pound or Euro would not seriously harm our financial condition and results of operations.

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

The SEC defines the term “disclosure controls and procedures” to mean a company’s controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer, based on their evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures within 90 days before the filing date of this report, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective for this purpose.

 

Changes in Internal Controls

 

There were no significant changes in our internal controls or, to our knowledge, in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the date of the evaluation referenced above.

 

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

Beginning in April 2001, a number of substantially identical class action complaints alleging violations of the federal securities laws were filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York naming Marimba, Inc., certain of its officers and directors, and certain underwriters of the company’s initial public offering (Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc., Credit Suisse First Boston Corp. and Bear Stearns & Co., Inc.) as defendants. The complaints have since been consolidated into a single action, and a consolidated amended complaint was filed in April 2002. The complaint alleges, among other things, that the underwriters of our initial public offering violated the securities laws by failing to disclose certain alleged compensation and tie-in arrangements (such as undisclosed commissions or stock stabilization practices) in the registration statement filed in connection with the offering. Marimba and certain of its officers and directors were named in the complaint pursuant to Section 11 of the Securities Act of 1933, and Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The complaint seeks unspecified damages, attorney and expert fees, and other unspecified litigation costs. Similar complaints have been filed against over 300 other issuers that have had initial public offerings since 1998 and all such actions have been included in a single coordinated proceeding. In July 2002, the defendants in the consolidated actions filed motions to dismiss all of the cases in the litigation (including the case involving Marimba). On February 19, 2003, the court ruled on the motions and granted Marimba’s motion to dismiss the claims against it under Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5. The motions to dismiss the claims under Section 11 were denied as to virtually all of the defendants in the consolidated cases, including Marimba. In addition, the Marimba individual defendants in the litigation each signed a tolling agreement and were dismissed from the action without prejudice on October 9, 2002. Marimba intends to defend this litigation vigorously. However, due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the litigation. Any unfavorable outcome of this litigation could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

 

None.

 

ITEM 3. DEFAULT UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

 

None.

 

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

 

None.

 

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

 

Effective January 31, 2003, Matt A. Thompson and Christopher J. Hessler ceased serving as officers of Marimba and ceased employment with Marimba shortly thereafter.

 

Effective January 31, 2003, Marimba appointed Richard E. Novak as Vice President, North American Sales, and Adrian G. Rayner as General Manager of European Sales and Operations.

 

Effective February 12, 2003, Marimba appointed Andrew Chmyz as Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Chmyz previously served as Marimba’s Acting Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer.

 

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K.

 

(a) Exhibits.

 

The exhibits listed in the Exhibit Index which appears at the end of this Form 10-Q are filed as part of this report.

 

(b) Reports on Form 8-K.

 

None.

 

 

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SIGNATURE

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

 

       

MARIMBA, INC.

Date: April 29, 2003

     

By:

 

/s/    ANDREW CHMYZ


               

Andrew Chmyz

Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Chief Accounting Officer

and duly authorized officer)

 

 

 

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CERTIFICATIONS

 

I, Richard C. Wyckoff, certify that:

 

1.   I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Marimba, Inc.;

 

2.   Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report;

 

3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report;

 

4.   The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the Registrant and we have:

 

  a)   Designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared;

 

  b)   Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this quarterly report (the “Evaluation Date”); and

 

  c)   Presented in this quarterly report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;

 

5.   The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

 

  a)   All significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the Registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and

 

  b)   Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal controls; and

 

6.   The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have indicated in this quarterly report whether or not there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.

 

Date: April 29, 2003

     

/s/    RICHARD C. WYCKOFF


       

Richard C. Wyckoff

       

Chief Executive Officer and President

       

(Principal Executive Officer)

 

 

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I, Andrew Chmyz, certify that:

 

1.   I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Marimba, Inc.;

 

2.   Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this quarterly report;

 

3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report;

 

4.   The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the Registrant and we have:

 

  a)   Designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared;

 

  b)   Evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this quarterly report (the “Evaluation Date”); and

 

  c)   Presented in this quarterly report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;

 

5.   The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

 

  a)   All significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the Registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and

 

  b)   Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal controls; and

 

6.   The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have indicated in this quarterly report whether or not there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.

 

Date: April 29, 2003

     

/s/    ANDREW CHMYZ


       

Andrew Chmyz

       

Vice President, Finance and

       

Chief Financial Officer

       

(Principal Financial Officer)

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit

Number


  

Description


10.1+

  

1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended to date.

10.2+

  

International Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended to date.

99.1

  

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and President.

99.2

  

Certification of Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer.


+   Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.