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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K*
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998
Or
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ______ to ______
Commission file number 1-14761
Gabelli Asset Management Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
New York 13-4007862
(State or other jurisdiction (I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
One Corporate Center, Rye, NY 10580
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code (914) 921-3700
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Name of each exchange
on which registered:
Class A Common Stock, $ .001 Par Value New York Stock Exchange
Securities pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes __X__ No _____.
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K (ss.229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein,
and will not be contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of
registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to
this Form 10-K [ ].
As of March 31, 1999, 6,000,000 shares of Class A common stock and
24,000,000 shares of Class B common stock were outstanding. All of the
shares of Class B common stock were held by Gabelli Funds, Inc. and two of
its subsidiaries. The aggregate market value of the common stock held by
non-affiliates of the registrant as of March 31, 1999 was $93,375,000.
* This constitutes the Registrant's Special Report pursuant to Rule 15d-2
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: NONE.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
Certain statements under "Business," "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," and elsewhere
in this document constitute forward-looking statements, which involve known
and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the
actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements of the
Company, or industry results, to be materially different from any future
results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or
implied by such forward-looking statements. As a result of the foregoing
and other factors, no assurance can be given as to future results, levels
or activity or achievements, and neither the Company nor any other person
assumes responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of such
statements.
Part I
Item 1: Business
Overview
Gabelli Asset Management Inc. (the "Company"; and where the
context required, the "Company" includes its predecessors and/or its
unconsolidated subsidiaries) is a provider of investment advisory and
brokerage services to mutual fund, institutional and high net worth
investors, primarily in the United States. The Company generally manages
assets on a discretionary basis and invests in a variety of U.S. and
international securities through various investment styles. Unlike many of
its competitors, the Company's business is focused mostly on investment
management. As such, the Company's revenues are largely based on the level
of assets under management in its business and the level of fees associated
with its various investment products rather than total assets of the
Company. As of December 31, 1998, the Company had approximately $16.3
billion of assets under management, 88% of which were invested in equity
securities.
Organization and Formation Transactions
The Company was incorporated in April 1998 as "Alpha G, Inc."
under the laws of the state of New York and renamed "Gabelli Asset
Management Inc." in February 1999. The Company is a holding company formed
in connection with the reorganization (the "Reorganization") of Gabelli
Funds, Inc. ("GFI") and the Company's subsequent initial public offering
("Offering"). On February 9, 1999, in connection with the Reorganization,
the Company issued 24 million shares of Class B Common Stock, representing
all of its then issued and outstanding common stock to GFI and two of GFI's
subsidiaries for substantially all of the operating assets and liabilities
of GFI relating to its institutional and retail asset management, mutual
fund advisory, underwriting and brokerage business. Within approximately 3
months following the Reorganization and upon ratification by its
shareholders, GFI is expected to be renamed "Gabelli Group Capital
Partners, Inc."
On February 11, 1999, the Company sold 6 million shares of its
Class A Common Stock in the Offering to the public at a price of $17.50 per
share, receiving approximately $96 million after fees and expenses.
The Company's principal executive offices are located at One
Corporate Center, Rye, New York 10580 and the telephone number is (914)
921-3700.
Business Description
GFI, predecessor to the Company, was originally founded in 1976 as
an institutional broker-dealer and entered the separate accounts business
in 1977 and the mutual fund business in 1986. Its initial money management
activities centered on the Company's value-oriented investment philosophy.
Starting in the mid-1980's, the Company began building upon its core of
value-oriented equity investment products by adding new investment
strategies designed for clients seeking to invest in growth-oriented
equities, convertible securities and fixed income products. Since then, the
Company has continued to build its franchise by expanding its investment
management capabilities through the addition of industry specific,
international, global, and real estate oriented product offerings.
Throughout its 22-year history, the Company has marketed most of its
products under the "Gabelli" brand name.
The Company's assets under management are organized principally in
three groups: Mutual Funds, Separate Accounts and Partnerships.
o Mutual Funds: At December 31, 1998, the Company had $8.2 billion of
assets under management in open-end mutual funds and closed-end funds,
representing approximately 50% of the Company's total assets under
management. The Company currently provides advisory services to (i)
the Gabelli family of funds, which consists of 14 open-end mutual
funds and three closed-end funds; (ii) The Treasurer's Fund,
consisting of three open-end money market funds (the "Treasurer's
Funds"); and (iii) the Gabelli Westwood family of funds, consisting of
six open-end mutual funds, five of which are managed on a day-to-day
basis by an unaffiliated subadviser (collectively, the "Mutual
Funds"). The Mutual Funds have a long-term record of achieving high
returns, relative to similar investment products. At December 31,
1998, approximately 99% of the assets under management in the open-end
Mutual Funds having an overall rating from Morningstar, Inc.
("Morningstar") were in open-end Mutual Funds ranked "three stars" or
better, with 36% of such assets in open-end Mutual Funds ranked "five
stars" and 38% of such assets in open-end Mutual Funds ranked "four
stars" on an overall basis (i.e., based on three-, five- and ten-year
risk adjusted average returns). The Gabelli family of funds was
honored as the top performing mutual fund family by Mutual Funds
Magazine for 1997. At December 31, 1998, approximately 60% of the
Company's assets under management in open-end, no-load equity Mutual
Funds had been obtained through direct sales relationships. The
Company has further expanded its product distribution by offering its
open-end Mutual Funds through Third-Party Distribution Programs,
particularly No-Transaction Fee ("NTF") Programs, and has commenced
development of additional classes of shares for several of its mutual
funds for sale through additional third- party distribution channels
on a commission basis. There can be no assurance, however, that these
funds will be able to maintain such ratings or that past performance
will be indicative of future results.
o Separate Accounts: At December 31, 1998, the Company had $8.0 billion
of assets in approximately 975 separate accounts, representing
approximately 49% of the Company's total assets under management. The
Company currently provides advisory services to a broad range of
investors, including corporate pension and profit sharing plans,
foundations, endowments, jointly trusteed plans, municipalities, and
high net worth individuals, and also serves as subadviser to certain
other third-party investment funds (collectively, the "Separate
Accounts"). At December 31, 1998, high net worth accounts (accounts of
individuals and related parties in general having a minimum account
balance of $1 million) comprised approximately 79% of the number of
Separate Accounts and approximately 25% of the assets, with
institutional investors comprising the balance. Each Separate Account
portfolio is managed to meet the specific needs and objectives of the
particular client by utilizing investment strategies and techniques
within the Company's areas of expertise. At December 31, 1998, over
95% of the Company's assets in Separate Accounts (excluding
subadvisory assets) had been obtained through direct sales
relationships.
o Partnerships: The Company also provides alternative investments
through its majority-owned subsidiary, Gabelli Securities, Inc.
("GSI"). These alternative investment products consist primarily of
risk arbitrage and merchant banking limited partnerships
(collectively, the "Partnerships"). The Partnerships had $146 million
of assets, or approximately 1% of total assets under management, at
December 31, 1998. Investment advisory and incentive fees relating to
the Mutual Funds, the Separate Accounts, and the Partnerships
generated approximately 85% and 84% of the Company's total revenues
for the years ended December 31, 1997 and December 31, 1998,
respectively.
The Company's majority owned subsidiary, Gabelli & Company, Inc.
("Gabelli & Company"), is a registered broker-dealer and a member of the
National Association of Security Dealers ("NASD") and acts as underwriter
and distributor of the open-end Mutual Funds and provides brokerage,
trading, underwriting and research services.
The following table sets forth total assets under management by product
type as of the dates shown and their compound annual growth rates ("CAGR").
Assets Under Management
By Product Type
(Dollars in millions)
December 31,
1994 to
December 31,
At December 31, 1998
--------------------------------------------------------
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 CAGR(a)
-------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------
Equity:
Mutual Funds................................ $ 3,391 $ 3,875 $ 3,969 $ 5,313 $ 7,159 20.5%
Separate Accounts........................... 4,276 5,051 5,200 6,085 7,133 13.7
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ----
Total Equity.............................. 7,667 8,926 9,169 11,398 14,292 16.9
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ----
Fixed Income:
Money Market Mutual Funds................... 208 236 235 827 1,030 49.2
Bond Mutual Funds........................... 5 5 5 6 8 12.5
Separate Accounts........................... -- -- -- 928 824 --
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ---
Total Fixed Income........................ 213 241 240 1,761 1,862 71.9
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ----
Partnerships:
Partnerships................................ 103 112 116 138 146 9.1
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ----
Total Assets Under Management(b).......... $ 7,983 $ 9,279 $ 9,525 $13,297 $16,300 19.5%
======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ====
Breakdown of Total Assets Under Management:
Mutual Funds................................ $ 3,604 $ 4,116 $ 4,209 $ 6,146 $ 8,197 22.8
Separate Accounts........................... 4,276 5,051 5,200 7,013 7,957 16.8
Partnerships................................ 103 112 116 138 146 9.1
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ----
Total Assets Under Management(b).......... $ 7,983 $ 9,279 $ 9,525 $13,297 $16,300 19.5%
======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ====
- --------------
(a) Compound annual growth rate.
(b) Effective April 14, 1997, the Company increased its ownership of
Gabelli Fixed Income L.L.C. from 50% to 80.1%, thereby causing Gabelli
Fixed Income L.L.C. to become a consolidated subsidiary of the Company.
Accordingly, for periods after April 14, 1997, the assets managed by
Gabelli Fixed Income L.L.C. are included in the Company's assets under
management. If the assets managed by Gabelli Fixed Income L.L.C. had
been included for all periods presented, assets under management would
have been $9,004, $10,793 and $11,082 at December 31, 1994, 1995 and
1996, respectively, and the CAGR for total assets would have been
16.0%.
Summary of Investment Products
The Company manages assets in the following wide spectrum of investment
products and strategies, many of which are focused on fast-growing areas:
U.S. Equities: U.S. Fixed Income: Global and International Equities:
All Cap Value Corporate International Growth
Large Cap Value Government Global Value
Large Cap Growth Municipals Global Telecommunications
Mid Cap Value Asset-backed Global Multimedia
Small Cap Value Intermediate Gold(b)
Small Cap Growth Short-term
Micro Cap
Real Estate(a)
Convertible Securities: U.S. Balanced: Alternative Products:
U.S. Convertible Securities Balanced Growth Risk Arbitrage
Global Convertible Securities Balanced Value Merchant Banking
Fund of Funds
- ------------
(a) Invested primarily in publicly-traded real estate investment trusts and
managed by Westwood Management.
(b) Invested primarily in publicly-traded equities of U.S. and
international gold companies.
The Company's long-term strategic goal is to continue to expand its
asset management capabilities in order to provide a range of products
suitable to meet the diverse requirements of its clients.
The Company believes that its growth to date can be largely credited to
the following:
o Long-Term Fund Performance: The Company has a long-term record of
achieving relatively high returns for its Mutual Fund and Separate
Account clients when compared to similar investment products. The
Company believes that its performance record is a competitive advantage
and a recognized component of its franchise.
o Widely Recognized "Gabelli" Brand Name: For much of its history, the
Company has advertised in a variety of financial print media, including
in publications such as the Wall Street Journal, Money Magazine,
Barron's and Investor's Business Daily. The Company believes that the
breadth and consistency of its advertising has enhanced investor
awareness of its product offerings and of the "Gabelli" brand name.
o Diversified Product Offerings: Since the inception of its investment
management activities, the Company has sought to expand the breadth of
its product offerings. The Company currently offers a wide spectrum of
investment products and strategies, including product offerings in U.S.
equities, U.S. fixed income, global and international equities,
convertible securities, U.S. balanced and alternative products.
o Strong Industry Fundamentals: According to data compiled by the U.S.
Federal Reserve, the investment management industry has grown faster
than more traditional segments of the financial services industry,
including the banking and insurance industries. The Company believes
that demographic trends and the growing role of money managers in the
placement of capital compared to the traditional role played by banks
and life insurance companies will result in continued growth of the
investment management industry.
Business Strategy
The Company intends to grow its franchise by continuing to leverage its
competitive asset management strengths, including its long-term performance
record, brand name, diverse product offerings and experienced research,
client service and investment staff. In order to achieve continued growth
in assets under management and profitability, the Company will continue to
pursue its business strategy, the key elements of which include:
o Broadening and Strengthening the Gabelli Brand. The Company believes
that the Gabelli brand name is one of the more widely recognized brand
names in the U.S. investment management industry. The Company intends
to continue to strengthen its brand name identity by, among other
things, increasing its marketing and advertising to provide a uniform
global image. The Company believes that with its brand name
recognition, it has the capacity to create new products and services
around the core Gabelli brand to complement its existing product
offerings. New product offerings in 1998 include the Gabelli Global
Opportunity Fund, a global equity fund, and the Gabelli Westwood Mighty
MitesSM Fund, a micro cap equity fund.
o Expanding Mutual Fund Distribution. The Company intends to continue
expanding its distribution network through Third-Party Distribution
Programs, particularly NTF Programs. In recent years, the Company has
realized significant growth in its mutual fund assets under management
through alliances with "mutual fund supermarkets" and other Third-Party
Distribution Programs, through which its Mutual Funds are made
available to investors. As of December 31, 1998, the Company was
participating in 63 Third-Party Distribution Programs, including the
Charles Schwab and Fidelity Investments "mutual fund supermarket"
programs. In addition, the Company intends to develop a marketing
strategy to increase its presence in the 401(k) market for its Mutual
Funds. Additionally, the Company expects to offer investors the ability
to purchase mutual fund shares directly through the Internet. The
Company has also entered into various marketing alliances and
distribution arrangements with leading national brokerage and
investment houses and has commenced development of additional classes
of shares for several of its mutual funds for sale through national
brokerage and investment houses and other third-party distribution
channels on a commission basis.
o Increasing Penetration in High Net Worth Market. The Company's high net
worth business focuses, in general, on serving clients who have
established an account relationship of $1 million or more with the
Company. According to certain industry estimates, the number of
households with over $1 million in investable assets will grow from
approximately 2.5 million in 1996 to over 15 million by 2010. With the
Company's 22-year history of serving this segment, its long-term
performance record and brand name recognition, the Company believes
that it is well positioned to capitalize on the growth opportunities in
this market.
o Increasing Marketing for Institutional Separate Accounts. The
institutional Separate Accounts business has been primarily developed
through direct marketing channels. Historically, third-party pension
consultants and financial consultants have not been a major source of
new institutional Separate Accounts business for the Company. However,
these consultants have significantly increased their presence among
institutional investors. As a result, the Company intends both to add
marketing personnel to target pension and financial consultants and to
expand its efforts through its traditional marketing channels.
o Attracting and Retaining Experienced Professionals. As the Company
continues to increase the breadth of its investment management
capabilities, it plans to add portfolio managers and other investment
personnel in order to foster expansion of its products. The ability to
attract and retain highly experienced investment and other
professionals with a long-term commitment to the Company and its
clients has been, and will continue to be, a significant factor in its
long-term growth. The availability of publicly traded Class A Common
Stock enhances the Company's ability to attract and retain top
performing investment professionals.
o Capitalizing on Acquisitions and Strategic Alliances. The Company
intends to selectively and opportunistically pursue acquisitions and
alliances that will broaden its product offerings and add new sources
of distribution. The Company believes that it is well positioned to
pursue acquisitions and alliances because it is one of relatively few
publicly-traded investment management firms.
Mutual Funds
The Mutual Funds include 23 open-end Mutual Funds and three closed-end
funds which had total assets as of December 31, 1998 of $8.2 billion. The
open-end Mutual Funds are available to individuals and institutions
primarily on a no-load basis, while the closed-end funds are listed and
traded on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE"). At December 31, 1998, the
open-end funds had total assets of $6.6 billion and the closed-end funds
had total assets of $1.6 billion. The assets managed in the closed-end
funds represent approximately 20% of the assets in the Mutual Funds and 10%
of the total assets under management of the Company at December 31, 1998.
The Company's assets under management consist of a broad range of U.S. and
international stock, bond and money market mutual funds that meet the
varied needs and objectives of its Mutual Fund shareholders. At December
31, 1998, over 60% of the Company's assets under management in open-end,
no-load equity Mutual Funds had been obtained through direct sales
relationships.
The Company, through its affiliates, acts as adviser to all of the
Mutual Funds, except with respect to the Gabelli Capital Asset Fund for
which the Company acts as a subadviser and Guardian Investment Services
Corporation, an unaffiliated company, acts as manager. As subadviser, the
Company makes day-to-day investment decisions for the Gabelli Capital Asset
Fund.
Gabelli Funds, L.L.C. ("Funds Adviser"), a wholly owned subsidiary of
the Company, acts as the investment adviser for all of the Mutual Funds
other than the Gabelli Westwood family of funds and the Treasurer's Funds.
Gabelli Advisers, Inc. acts as investment adviser to the Gabelli
Westwood family of funds and has retained Westwood Management to act as
subadviser for five of the six portfolios. Westwood Management is a wholly
owned subsidiary of Southwest Securities Group, Inc., a publicly held
securities brokerage firm. In its capacity as subadviser, Westwood
Management makes day-to-day investment decisions and provides the portfolio
management services for five of the six current Gabelli Westwood
portfolios. The Gabelli Westwood Mighty MitesSM Fund, launched in May 1998,
is advised solely by Gabelli Advisers, Inc., using a team investment
approach, without any subadvisers. Westwood Management owns 100% of the
Class A common stock of Gabelli Advisers, Inc. (representing 20% of the
economic interest), and is not an affiliate of the Company. The Company
believes that Gabelli Advisers, Inc. will serve as a platform for future
growth and diversification of the Company's product line.
Gabelli Fixed Income L.L.C. currently manages short-term and
short-intermediate term fixed income securities for the Treasurer's Funds
as well as for the Separate Accounts. In the future, the Company plans to
further increase and diversify the number of fixed income products offered
by Gabelli Fixed Income L.L.C. in which certain members of senior
management of Gabelli Fixed Income L.L.C. own a 19.9% equity interest.
The following table lists the Mutual Funds, together with the
December 31, 1998 Morningstar overall rating, where rated (ratings are
not available for the money-market Mutual Funds and other Mutual Funds,
which collectively represent 16% of the assets under management in the
Mutual Funds), the portfolio manager(s) and associate portfolio
managers(s) for such Mutual Fund, and provides a description of the
primary investment objective, fund characteristics, fees, the date that
the Mutual Fund was initially offered to investors and the assets under
management in the Mutual Fund as of December 31, 1998.
Fund Net Assets as of
(Morningstar Overall Advisory 12b-1 Initial December 31,
Rating)(1) Primary Investment Fund Fees Fees Offer 1998
Portfolio Manager(s) Objective Characteristics (%) (%) Date ($ in millions)
- ------------------------- ------------------- --------------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------------
GABELLI OPEN-END FUNDS:
The Gabelli Growth Capital appreciation No-load, 1.00 .25 04/10/87 $1,864.0
Fund from companies that Open-end,
(5 stars) have favorable, yet Diversified
undervalued,
prospects for
Howard F. Ward earnings growth.
Invests in equity
securities of
companies that have
above-average or
expanding market
shares and profit
margins.
The Gabelli Global High level of capital No load, 1.00 .25 02/07/94 74.0
Interactive Couch appreciation through Open-end,
Potato(R) Fund investment in a Non-diversified
(5 stars) portfolio of equity
securities focused on
the entertainment,
Marc J. Gabelli media and
communications
sectors.
The Gabelli Asset Growth of capital as No-load, 1.00 .25 03/03/86 1,593.6
Fund a primary investment Open-end,
(4 stars) objective, with Diversified
current income as a
secondary investment
Mario J. Gabelli objective. Invests in
equity securities of
companies selling at a
significant discount to
their private market
value.
The Gabelli Equity High level of total No-load, 1.00 .25 01/02/92 87.2
Income Fund return with an Open-end,
(4 stars) emphasis on income Diversified
producing equities
with yields greater
Mario J. Gabelli than the S&P 500
James Foung average.
Gabelli International Capital appreciation No-load, 1.00 .25 06/30/95 26.8
Growth Fund by investing Open-end,
(4 stars) primarily in equity Diversified
securities of foreign
companies with rapid
Caesar M.P. Bryan growth in revenues and
earnings.
The Gabelli Value High level of capital Load, 1.00 .25 09/29/89 797.5
Fund appreciation from Open-end
(3 stars) undervalued equity Non-diversified
securities that are
held in a
Mario J. Gabelli Concentrated
portfolio.
The Gabelli Small Cap High level of capital No-load, 1.00 .25 10/22/91 321.3
Growth Fund appreciation from Open-end,
(3 stars) equity securities of Diversified
smaller companies
with market
Mario J. Gabelli capitalization of
$500 million or less.
The Gabelli Global High level of capital No-load, 1.00 .25 11/01/94 170.1
Telecommunications appreciation through Open-end,
Fund worldwide investments Non-diversified
(3 stars) in equity securities,
including the U.S.,
primarily in the
Mario J. Gabelli telecommunications
Marc J. Gabelli industry.
The Gabelli ABC Fund Total returns from No-load, 1.00 .25 05/14/93 39.4
(3 stars) equity and debt Open-end,
securities that are Non-diversified
attractive to
Mario J. Gabelli investors in various
market conditions
without excessive risk
of capital loss.
The Gabelli Global High level of total No-load, 1.00 .25 02/03/94 7.3
Convertible return through a Open-end,
Securities Fund combination of Non-diversified
(2 stars) current income and
capital appreciation
through investment in
A. Hartswell convertible
Woodson, III securities of U.S.
and non-U.S. issuers.
Gabelli Gold Seeks capital No-load, 1.00 .25 07/11/94 11.3
Fund appreciation and Open-end,
(1 star) employs a value Diversified
approach to investing
Caesar M.P. Bryan primarily in equity
securities of gold-
related companies
worldwide.
Gabelli U.S. Treasury High current income Money Market, .30 n/a 10/01/92 385.1
Money Market Fund with preservation of Open-end,
(Not rated) principal and Diversified
liquidity, while
Judith A. Raneri striving to keep
expenses among the
lowest of all U.S.
Treasury money market
funds.
Gabelli Capital Asset Capital appreciation No-load, .75 n/a 05/01/95 155.8
Fund from equity Open-end,
(Not rated) securities of Diversified,
companies selling at Variable Annuity
Mario J. Gabelli a significant
discount to their
private market value.
The Gabelli Global High level of capital No-load, 1.00 .25 05/11/98 5.9
Opportunity Fund appreciation through Open-end,
(Not rated) worldwide investments Non-diversified
in equity securities.
Caesar M.P. Bryan
Marc J. Gabelli
GABELLI WESTWOOD OPEN-END
FUNDS:
Gabelli Westwood Capital appreciation Retail Class: 1.00 .25 01/02/87 202.1
Equity Fund through a diversified No-load,
(4 stars) portfolio of equity Open-end,
securities using a Diversified
top- down approach
Susan M. Byrne that begins with an Service Class: .50 1/28/94
analysis of the Load,
broad, long-term Open-end,
trends in the economy Diversified
and an assessment of
the business cycle
which identifies
sectors that will
benefit from that
environment.
Gabelli Westwood Both capital Retail Class: .75 .25 10/01/91 153.5
Balanced Fund appreciation and No-load,
(4 stars) current income using Open-end,
portfolios containing Diversified
stocks, bonds, and
Susan M. Byrne cash as appropriate Service Class: .50 4/6/93
Patricia K. Fraze in light of current Load,
economic and business Open-end,
conditions Diversified
Gabelli Westwood Total return and No-load, .60 .25 04/06/93 7.9
Intermediate Bond current income, while Open-end,
Fund limiting risk to Diversified
(3 stars) principal. Pursues
higher yields than
shorter maturity
Patricia K. Fraze funds, and has more
price stability
than generally higher
yielding long-term
funds.
Gabelli Westwood Long-term capital No-load, 1.00 .25 04/15/97 15.7
SmallCap appreciation, Open-end,
Equity Fund investing at least Diversified
(Not rated) 65% of its assets in
equity securities of
Lynda Calkin companies with market
capitalizations of $1
billion or less
Gabelli Westwood Long-term capital No-load, 1.00 .25 05/11/98 6.1
Mighty MitesSM Fund appreciation by Open-end,
(Not rated) investing primarily Diversified
in equity securities
Mario J. Gabelli with market
Marc J. Gabelli capitalizations of
Laura K. Linehan $300 million or less.
Walter K. Walsh
Gabelli Westwood Long-term capital No-load, 1.00 .25 09/30/97 1.9
Realty Fund appreciation as well Open-end,
(Not rated) as current income, Diversified
investing in equity
Susan M. Byrne securities that are
primarily engaged
in or related to
the real estate
industry.
THE TREASURER'S OPEN-END
MONEY MARKET FUNDS:
The Treasurer's Fund, Current income with No-load, .30 n/a 01/01/88 357.9
Inc.-- Domestic preservation of Open-end,
Prime Money Market principal and Diversified
Portfolio liquidity through
(Not rated) investment in U.S.
Treasury securities
Judith A. Raneri and corporate bonds.
The Treasurer's Current income with No-load, .30 n/a 12/18/87 177.1
Fund, Inc.-- Tax preservation of Open-end,
Exempt Money Market principal and Non-diversified
Portfolio liquidity through
(Not rated) investment in U.S.
municipal bond
Judith A. Raneri securities.
The Treasurer's Current income with No-load, .30 n/a 07/25/90 109.8
Fund, Inc.-- U.S. preservation of Open-end,
Treasury Money Market principal and Diversified
Portfolio liquidity through
(Not rated) investment in U.S.
Treasury securities.
Judith A. Raneri
GABELLI CLOSED-END FUNDS:
The Gabelli Global Long-term capital Closed-end, 1.00 n/a 11/15/94 163.8
Multimedia Trust Inc. appreciation from Non-diversified
(5 stars) equity investments in NYSE Symbol: GGT
global telecommunica-
tions, media,
Mario J. Gabelli publishing and
entertainment
holdings.
The Gabelli Equity Long-term growth of Closed-end, 1.00 n/a 08/14/86 1,341.5
Trust Inc.(2) capital by investing Non-diversified
(3 stars) in equity securities. NYSE Symbol: GAB
Mario J. Gabelli
The Gabelli High total return Closed-end, 1.00 n/a 07/03/89 120.7
Convertible from investing Diversified
Securities Fund, Inc. primarily in NYSE Symbol: GCV
(3 stars) convertible
instruments.
Mario J. Gabelli
- ----------
(1) Morningstar proprietary ratings reflect historical risk adjusted
performance as of December 31, 1998 and are subject to change every
month. Overall Morningstar ratings are calculated from the fund's
three-, five- and ten-year average annual returns, as available, in
excess of 90 day T-bill returns with appropriate fee adjustments and a
risk factor that reflects fund performance below 90 day T-bill returns.
The top 10% of the funds in an investment category receive five stars,
the next 22.5% receive four stars, the next 35% receive three stars,
the next 22.5% receive two stars and the last 10% receive one star. The
ratings for the Gabelli Westwood funds are for the retail classes.
(2) The Gabelli Equity Trust has announced its intention to spin-off
approximately $60 million to $80 million of its assets in the form of
shares of a new closed-end fund that will invest primarily in the
securities of companies involved in the gas, electricity and water
industries (the utility sector).
Shareholders of the no-load open-end Mutual Funds are allowed to
exchange shares among the funds as economic and market conditions and
investor needs change at no additional cost. The Company periodically
introduces new mutual funds designed to complement and expand its
investment product offerings, respond to competitive developments in the
financial marketplace, and meet the changing needs of clients.
The Company's marketing efforts for the Mutual Funds are currently
focused on increasing the distribution and sales of its existing funds, as
well as creating new products for sale through its distribution channels.
The Company believes that its marketing efforts for the Mutual Funds will
continue to generate additional revenues from investment advisory fees. The
Company has traditionally distributed most of its open-end Mutual Funds by
using a variety of direct response marketing techniques, including
telemarketing and advertising, and as a result the Company maintains direct
relationships with a majority of its no-load open-end Mutual Fund
customers. Beginning in late 1995, the Company expanded its product
distribution by offering additional open-end Mutual Funds through
Third-Party Distribution Programs, including NTF Programs. In 1997 and
1998, the Company further expanded these efforts to include substantially
all of its open-end Mutual Funds in over 60 Third-Party Distribution
Programs. Although most of the assets under management in the open-end
Mutual Funds are still attributable to the Company's direct response
marketing efforts, Third-Party Distribution Programs, particularly NTF
Programs, have become an increasingly important source of asset growth for
the Company. Of the $6.6 billion of assets under management in the open-end
Mutual Funds as of December 31, 1998, approximately 16% were generated from
NTF Programs. Further, the Company has commenced development of additional
classes of shares for several of its mutual funds for sale through national
brokerage and investment houses and other third-party distribution channels
on a commission basis. In general, distribution through Third-Party
Distribution Programs has greater variable cost components and lower fixed
cost components than distribution through the Company's traditional direct
sales methods.
The Company provides investment advisory and management services
pursuant to an investment management agreement with each Mutual Fund. While
the specific terms of the investment management agreements vary to some
degree, the basic terms of the investment management agreements are
similar. The investment management agreements with the Mutual Funds
generally provide that the Company is responsible for the overall
investment and administrative services, subject to the oversight of each
Mutual Fund's board of directors and in accordance with each Mutual Fund's
fundamental investment objectives and policies. The investment management
agreements permit the Company to enter into separate agreements for
administrative and accounting services on behalf of the respective Mutual
Funds.
The Company provides the Mutual Funds with administrative services
pursuant to management contracts. Most of these administrative services are
provided through subcontracts with unaffiliated third parties. Such
services include, without limitation, calculation of net asset value,
preparation of financial reports for shareholders of the Mutual Funds,
internal accounting, tax accounting and reporting, regulatory filings, and
other services. Transfer agency and custodial services are provided
directly to the Mutual Funds by third parties.
The Company's Mutual Fund investment management agreements may continue
in effect from year to year only if specifically approved at least annually
by (i) the Mutual Fund's board of directors or trustees or (ii) the Mutual
Fund's shareholders and, in either case, the vote of a majority of the
Mutual Fund's directors or trustees who are not parties to the agreement or
"interested persons" of any such party, within the meaning of the
Investment Company Act of 1940 as amended (the "Investment Company Act").
Each Mutual Fund may terminate its investment management agreement at any
time upon 60 days' written notice by (i) a vote of the majority of the
board of directors or trustees cast in person at a meeting called for the
purpose of voting on such termination or (ii) a vote at a meeting of
shareholders of the lesser of either 67% of the voting shares represented
in person or by proxy or 50% of the outstanding voting shares of such
Mutual Fund. Each investment management agreement automatically terminates
in the event of its assignment, as defined in the Investment Company Act.
The Company may terminate an investment management agreement without
penalty on 60 days' written notice.
Separate Accounts
Since 1977, the Company has provided investment management services
through its subsidiary GAMCO Investors, Inc. ("GAMCO") to a broad spectrum
of institutional and high net worth investors. As of December 31, 1998, the
Company had approximately 975 Separate Accounts with an aggregate of
approximately $8.0 billion of assets, which represent approximately 49% of
the total assets under management of the Company at December 31, 1998. The
ten largest Separate Accounts comprise approximately 16% of the Company's
total assets under management and 8% of the Company's total revenues as of
and for the period ended December 31, 1998. The Separate Accounts are
invested in U.S. and international equity securities, U.S. fixed-income
securities and convertible securities. At December 31, 1998, high net worth
accounts (accounts of individuals and related parties in general having a
minimum account balance of $1 million) comprised approximately 79% of the
number of Separate Accounts and approximately 25% of the assets, with
institutional investors accounting for the balance.
Each Separate Account portfolio is managed to meet the specific needs
and objectives of the particular client by utilizing investment strategies
and techniques within the Company's areas of expertise. Members of the
sales and marketing staff for the Separate Accounts business have an
average of approximately 10 years of experience with the Company and focus
on developing and maintaining long-term relationships with their Separate
Account clients in order to be able to understand and meet their individual
clients' needs. Investment advisory agreements with the Separate Accounts
are typically terminable by the client without penalty on 30 days' notice
or less.
The Company's Separate Accounts business is marketed primarily through
the direct efforts of its in-house sales force. At December 31, 1998, over
95% of the Company's assets in Separate Accounts (excluding subadvisory
assets) were obtained through direct sales relationships. Sales efforts are
conducted on a regional and product specialist basis. Clients are generally
serviced by a team of individuals, the core of which remain assigned to a
specific client from the onset of the client relationship. The Company's
sales force maintains direct relationships with corporate pension and
profit sharing plans, foundations, endowment funds, jointly trusteed plans,
municipalities and high net worth individuals that comprise the Company's
Separate Accounts business.
Partnerships
The Company offers alternative investment products through its
majority-owned subsidiary, GSI. These alternative investments products
consist primarily of risk arbitrage and merchant banking limited
partnerships and offshore companies. The Partnerships had $146 million of
assets at December 31, 1998. Gabelli Associates Fund had $121 million of
assets under management as of December 31, 1998 and invests in merger
arbitrage opportunities. Merchant banking activities are carried out
through ALCE Partners, L.P. ("Alce"), and Gabelli Multimedia Partners, L.P.
("Multimedia"), both of which are closed to new investors. Aggregate assets
for Alce and Multimedia as of December 31, 1998 were approximately $9
million and $6 million, respectively. Gabelli Associates Limited, which had
approximately $10 million of assets as of December 31, 1998, is an offshore
investment company designed for non-U.S. investors seeking to participate
in risk arbitrage opportunities utilizing the same investment objectives
and strategies as the Gabelli Associates Fund. The Company also manages the
Gabelli International Gold Fund Limited, which as of December 31, 1998 had
less than $1 million of assets. The Company's alternative investment
products are marketed primarily through its direct sales force. The Company
does not expect that assets invested in the Partnerships or other
alternative investment products will contribute significantly to the
Company's future growth.
Brokerage and Mutual Fund Distribution
The Company offers underwriting, execution and trading services through
its majority owned subsidiary, Gabelli & Company. Gabelli & Company is a
broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and a
member of the NASD. Gabelli & Company's revenues are derived primarily from
distribution of the Mutual Funds, brokerage commissions and selling
concessions on transactions in equity securities for the Mutual Funds,
Separate Accounts and other customers, and from underwriting fees and
market-making activities.
The Company distributes the open-end Mutual Funds pursuant to
distribution agreements with each open-end Mutual Fund. Under each
distribution agreement with an open-end Mutual Fund, the Company offers and
sells such open-end Mutual Fund's shares on a continual basis and pays all
of the costs of marketing and selling the shares, including printing and
mailing prospectuses and sales literature, advertising and maintaining
sales and customer service personnel and sales and services fulfillment
systems, and payments to the sponsors of Third-Party Distribution Programs,
financial intermediaries and sales personnel of the Company. The Company
receives fees for such services pursuant to distribution agreements adopted
under provisions of Rule 12b-1 ("12b-1") of the Investment Company Act.
Distribution fees from the open-end Mutual Funds amounted to $7.1 million,
$7.5 million and $11.9 million for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997
and 1998, respectively. The Company is the principal underwriter for
several funds distributed with a sales charge, including shares of The
Gabelli Value Fund Inc. and service class shares of the Gabelli Westwood
Equity Fund and the Gabelli Westwood Balanced Fund.
Under the distribution agreements, the open-end Mutual Funds (except
the Treasurer's Funds, the Gabelli U.S. Treasury Money Market Fund and the
Gabelli Capital Asset Fund) pay the Company a distribution fee of .25% per
year (except the Service Class of the Gabelli Westwood Equity and Balanced
Funds which pay .50% per year) on the average daily net assets of the fund.
The Company's distribution agreements with the Mutual Funds may continue in
effect from year to year only if specifically approved at least annually by
(i) the Mutual Fund's board of directors or trustees or (ii) the Mutual
Fund's shareholders and, in either case, the vote of a majority of the
Mutual Fund's directors or trustees who are not parties to the agreement or
"interested persons" of any such party, within the meaning of the
Investment Company Act. Each Mutual Fund may terminate its distribution
agreement, or any agreement thereunder, at any time upon 60 days' written
notice by (i) a vote of the majority of its directors or trustees cast in
person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such termination or
(ii) a vote at a meeting of shareholders of the lesser of either 67% of the
voting shares represented in person or by proxy or 50% of the outstanding
voting shares of such Mutual Fund. Each distribution agreement
automatically terminates in the event of its assignment, as defined in the
Investment Company Act. The Company may terminate a distribution agreement
without penalty upon 60 days' written notice.
Gabelli & Company is involved in external syndicated underwriting
activities. In 1998, Gabelli & Company participated as an underwriter in 32
syndicated underwritings with commitments totaling $104 million for public
equity and debt offerings managed by major investment banks.
Competition
The Company competes with mutual fund companies and other investment
management firms, insurance companies, banks, brokerage firms and other
financial institutions that offer products which have similar features and
investment objectives to those offered by the Company. Many of the
investment management firms with which the Company competes are
subsidiaries of large diversified financial companies and many others are
much larger in terms of assets under management and revenues and,
accordingly, have much larger sales organizations and marketing budgets.
Historically, the Company has competed primarily on the basis of the
long-term investment performance of many of its funds. However, the Company
has taken steps over the past two years to increase its distribution
channels, brand name awareness and marketing efforts. Although there can be
no assurance that the Company will be successful in these efforts, its net
sales of Mutual Funds have increased over the past year and the Company's
strategy is to continue to devote additional resources to its sales and
marketing efforts.
The market for providing investment management services to
institutional and high net worth Separate Accounts is also highly
competitive. Approximately 40% of the Company's investment management fee
revenues for the year ended December 31, 1998 was derived from its Separate
Accounts. Selection of investment advisers by U.S. institutional investors
is often subject to a screening process and to favorable recommendation by
investment industry consultants. Many of these investors require their
investment advisers to have a successful and sustained performance record,
often five years or longer, and also focus on one and three year
performance records. The Company has significantly increased its assets
under management on behalf of U.S. institutional investors since its entry
into the institutional asset management business in 1977. At the current
time, the Company believes that its investment performance record would be
attractive to potential new institutional and high net worth clients and
the Company has determined to devote additional resources to the
institutional and high net worth investor markets. However, no assurance
can be given that the Company's efforts to obtain new business will be
successful.
Intellectual Property
Service marks and brand name recognition are important to the Company's
business. The Company has rights to the service marks under which its
products are offered. The Company has registered certain service marks in
the United States and will continue to do so as new trademarks and service
marks are developed or acquired. The Company has rights to use (i) the
"Gabelli" name, (ii) the "GAMCO" name, (iii) the research triangle logo,
(iv) the "Interactive Couch Potato" name, and (v) the "Mighty Mites" name.
Pursuant to an assignment agreement, Mr. Gabelli has assigned to the
Company all of his rights, title and interests in and to the "Gabelli" name
for use in connection with investment management services, mutual funds and
securities brokerage services. However, under the agreement, Mr. Gabelli
will retain any and all right, title and interest he has or may have in the
"Gabelli" name for use in connection with (i) charitable foundations
controlled by Mr. Gabelli or members of his family or (ii) entities engaged
in private investment activities for Mr. Gabelli or members of his family.
In addition, the funds managed by Mr. Gabelli outside the Company have
entered into a license agreement with the Company permitting them to
continue limited use of the "Gabelli" name under specified circumstances.
The Company has taken, and will continue to take, action to protect its
interests in these service marks.
Regulation
Virtually all aspects of the Company's businesses are subject to
various federal and state laws and regulations. These laws and regulations
are primarily intended to protect investment advisory clients and
shareholders of registered investment companies. Under such laws and
regulations, agencies that regulate investment advisers and broker-dealers
such as the Company have broad administrative powers, including the power
to limit, restrict or prohibit such an adviser or broker-dealer from
carrying on its business in the event that it fails to comply with such
laws and regulations. In such event, the possible sanctions that may be
imposed include the suspension of individual employees, limitations on
engaging in certain lines of business for specified periods of time,
revocation of investment adviser and other registrations, censures, and
fines. The Company believes that it is in substantial compliance with all
material laws and regulations.
The business of the Company is subject to regulation at both the
federal and state level by the Commission and other regulatory bodies.
Subsidiaries of the Company are registered with the Commission under the
Investment Advisers Act, and the Mutual Funds are registered with the
Commission under the Investment Company Act. Two subsidiaries of the
Company are also registered as broker-dealers with the Commission and are
subject to regulation by the NASD and various states.
The subsidiaries of the Company that are registered with the Commission
under the Investment Advisers Act (Funds Adviser, Gabelli Advisers, Inc.,
Gabelli Fixed Income L.L.C. and GAMCO) are regulated by and subject to
examination by the Commission. The Investment Advisers Act imposes numerous
obligations on registered investment advisers including fiduciary duties,
record keeping requirements, operational requirements, marketing
requirements and disclosure obligations. The Commission is authorized to
institute proceedings and impose sanctions for violations of the Investment
Advisers Act, ranging from censure to termination of an investment
adviser's registration. The failure of a subsidiary of the Company to
comply with the requirements of the Commission could have a material
adverse effect on the Company. The Company believes it is in substantial
compliance with the requirements of the Commission.
The Company derives a substantial majority of its revenues from
investment advisory services through its investment management agreements.
Under the Investment Advisers Act, the Company's investment management
agreements terminate automatically if assigned without the client's
consent. Under the Investment Company Act, advisory agreements with
registered investment companies such as the Mutual Funds terminate
automatically upon assignment. The term "assignment" is broadly defined and
includes direct assignments as well as assignments that may be deemed to
occur, under certain circumstances, upon the transfer, directly or
indirectly, of a controlling interest in the Company.
In its capacity as a broker-dealer, Gabelli & Company is required to
maintain certain minimum net capital and cash reserves for the benefit of
its customers. Gabelli & Company's net capital, as defined, has
consistently met or exceeded all minimum requirements. Under the rules and
regulations of the Commission promulgated pursuant to the federal
securities laws, the Company is subject to periodic examination by the
Commission. Gabelli & Company is also subject to periodic examination by
the NASD. The most recent examination by the Commission of the Gabelli
family of funds was in June 1998 and of the Gabelli Westwood family of
funds was in November 1997. The most recent examination of Gabelli &
Company by the NASD was in September 1998.
There were no material compliance issues reported by either the
Commission or the NASD as a result of such examinations.
Subsidiaries of the Company are subject to the Employee Retirement
Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), and to regulations
promulgated thereunder, insofar as they are "fiduciaries" under ERISA with
respect to their clients. ERISA and applicable provisions of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), impose certain duties on
persons who are fiduciaries under ERISA and prohibit certain transactions
involving ERISA plan clients. The failure of the Company to comply with
these requirements could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
Investments by the Company on behalf of its clients often represent a
significant equity ownership position in an issuer's class of stock. As of
December 31, 1998, the Company had five percent or more beneficial
ownership with respect to more than 85 equity securities. This activity
raises frequent regulatory and legal issues regarding the Company's
aggregate beneficial ownership level with respect to portfolio securities,
including issues relating to issuers' shareholder rights plans or "poison
pills," state gaming laws and regulations, federal communications laws and
regulations, public utility holding company laws and regulations, federal
proxy rules governing shareholder communications and federal laws and
regulations regarding the reporting of beneficial ownership positions. The
failure of the Company to comply with these requirements could have a
material adverse effect on the Company.
The Company and certain of its affiliates are subject to the laws of
non-U.S. jurisdictions and non-U.S. regulatory agencies or bodies. In
particular, the Company is subject to requirements in numerous
jurisdictions regarding reporting of beneficial ownership positions in
securities issued by companies whose securities are publicly traded in
those countries. In addition, GAMCO is registered as an international
adviser, investment counsel and portfolio manager with the Ontario
Securities Commission in Canada in order to market its services to
prospective clients which reside in Ontario. Gabelli Associates Limited is
organized under the laws of the British Virgin Islands and Gabelli
International Gold Fund Limited is organized under the laws of Bermuda.
Staff
At March 15, 1999, the Company had a full-time staff of approximately
130 individuals, of whom 40 served in the portfolio management, research
and trading areas, 45 served in the marketing and shareholder servicing
areas and 45 served in the administrative area. As part of its staff, the
Company employs ten portfolio managers for the Mutual Funds, Separate
Accounts and Partnerships. Additionally, Westwood Management employs three
portfolio managers who advise five of the six portfolios of the Gabelli
Westwood family of funds.
Item 2: Properties
As of December 31, 1998, the principal properties leased by the Company
for use in its business were as follows:
Location Lease Expiration Square Footage
One Corporate Center December 11, 2001 24,555
Rye, New York 10580
401 Theodore Fremd Avenue April 30, 2013 60,055
Rye, New York 10580
655 Third Avenue, Suite 1425 month-to-month 4,177
New York, New York 10017
165 West Liberty Street month-to-month 1,599
Reno, Nevada 89501
All of these properties are used or will be used by the Company as
office space. The building and property at 401 Theodore Fremd Avenue were
leased from an entity controlled by members of Mr. Gabelli's family, and
approximately 35,000 square feet are currently subleased to other tenants.
The Company has begun relocating certain departments of the Company to
these premises and expects to completely relocate its principal executive
office to these premises in the year 2001.
In April 1999, the Company entered into a five year lease for a
sales office (1,149 square feet) in West Palm Beach, Florida.
Item 3: Legal Proceedings
From time to time, the Company is a defendant in various lawsuits
incidental to its business. The Company does not believe that the outcome
of any current litigation will have a material effect on the financial
condition of the Company.
Item 4: Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
No matters were submitted to a vote of the Company's security
holders during the fourth quarter of 1998.
PART II
Item 5: Market for the Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder
Matters
The Company's shares of Class A common stock have been traded on
the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol GBL since its initial
public offering on February 11, 1999. There were no publicly traded shares
of the Company's common stock prior to that date.
As of April 15, 1999, there were approximately 26 Class A common
stockholders of record and three Class B common stockholders of record (GFI
and two wholly-owned subsidiaries). These figures do not include
stockholders with shares held under beneficial ownership in nominee name.
The Company has not paid any dividends since its inception and
does not presently anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future.
Item 6: Selected Financial Data
General
The selected historical financial data presented below has been derived
in part from, and should be read in conjunction with Management's
Discussion and Analysis included in Item 7 and the audited Consolidated
Financial Statements of Gabelli Asset Management Inc. and subsidiaries and
related notes included in Item 8 of this report.
Impact of $50 Million Non-Recurring Charge ($1.03 per share) to be Recorded
in First Quarter of 1999
Under the terms of an employment agreement, Mr. Gabelli, who indirectly
beneficially owns shares of Common Stock having 97.6% of the combined
voting power of the Company, will receive, in addition to his portfolio
management compensation and account executive fees, an annual
incentive-based management fee of 10% of the aggregate pre-tax profits of
the Company (before consideration of the management fee or the $50 million
deferred payment described below or any employment taxes thereon) and a
deferred payment of $50 million on January 2, 2002, with interest payable
quarterly on such deferred amount at an annual rate of 6%. The $50 million
deferred payment will be charged to the Company's earnings upon the
effective date of the Employment Agreement, which occurred in the first
quarter of 1999. This payment, net of tax benefit, will reduce earnings by
$1.03 per share (based on the pro forma weighted average number of shares
outstanding in the first quarter of 1999 of 30 million). The $50 million
payment is not reflected in the pro forma income statement data because it
is a one-time event directly related to the Offering.
The Company has not presented historical earnings per share due to the
significant changes in its operations which are not reflected in the
historical financial statements (see Note P to the Consolidated Financial
Statements).
Year Ended December 31,
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
---- --------- ---------- ------- -------
Income Statement Data (In thousands)
Revenues:
Investment advisory and
incentive fees........... $ 71,759 $ 77,302 $ 84,244 $ 89,684 $ 116,358
Commission revenue......... 5,003 5,706 6,667 7,496 8,673
Distribution fees and other
income................... 4,683 6,302 7,257 8,096 13,156
------- ------- ------- --------- ---------
Total revenues........... 81,445 89,310 98,168 105,276 138,187
------- ------- ------- --------- ---------
Expenses:
Compensation costs......... 36,235 39,384 41,814 45,260 56,046
Management fee............. 6,904 9,423 10,192 10,580 12,246
Other operating expenses... 16,435 18,709 19,274 18,690 24,883
------- ------- ------- --------- ---------
Total expenses........... 59,574 67,516 71,280 74,530 93,175
------- ------- ------- --------- ---------
Operating income............. 21,871 21,794 26,888 30,746 45,012
------- ------- ------- --------- ---------
Other income:
Net gain (loss) from
investments.............. (1,724) 10,105 8,783 7,888 (1,103)
Gain on sale of PCS
licenses, net........... -- -- -- -- 17,614
Interest and dividend
income................... 4,692 5,853 5,406 4,634 5,117
Interest expense........... (868) (679) (879) (1,876) (2,212)
Other...................... 119 147 331 (109) --
------- ------- ------- --------- ---------
Total other income, net.. 2,219 15,426 13,641 10,537 19,416
------- ------- ------- --------- ---------
Income before income taxes
and minority interest...... 24,090 37,220 40,529 41,283 64,428
Income taxes............... 9,198 7,769 7,631 3,077 5,451
Minority interest.......... 2,060 2,555 2,727 1,529 1,710
------- ------- ------- --------- ---------
Net income................... $ 12,832 $ 26,896 $ 30,171 $ 36,677 $ 57,267
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
December 31,
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------
(In thousands, except assets under management)
Balance Sheet Data
Total assets............. $141,887 $155,541 $182,524 $ 232,736 $ 254,675
Total liabilities and
minority interest...... 33,983 39,470 43,991 69,117 59,775
---------- -------- ---------- ------------ ----------
Total stockholders' equity $107,904 $116,071 $138,533 $ 163,619 $ 194,900
======== ======== ======== ========== ==========
Assets Under Management (unaudited)
(at period end, in millions)(1):
Mutual Funds......... $ 3,604 $ 4,116 $ 4,209 $ 6,146 $ 8,197
Separate Accounts.... 4,276 5,051 5,200 7,013 7,957
Partnerships......... 103 112 116 138 146
-------- -------- -------- ----------- -----------
Total............. $ 7,983 $ 9,279 $ 9,525 $ 13,297 $ 16,300
======== ======== ======== =========== ============
Year Ended December 31,
1998
(In thousands, except
per share data)
Unaudited Pro Forma Data(2)
Revenues:
Investment advisory and incentive fees. $ 116,358
Commission revenue..................... 8,673
Distribution fees and other income..... 13,156
-----------
Total revenues..................... 138,187
Expenses:
Compensation costs..................... 55,824
Management fee......................... 5,997
Other operating expenses............... 23,148
-----------
Total expenses..................... 84,969
-----------
Operating income....................... 53,218
-----------
Other Income:
Net gain from investments.............. 3,335
Interest and dividend income........... 1,141
Interest expense....................... (3,716)
Total other income, net............ 760
Income before income taxes and minority interest 53,978
Income taxes........................... 21,399
Minority interest...................... 1,710
----------
Net income................................ $ 30,869
==========
Net income per share:
Basic and diluted $ 1.03
==========
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted 30,000
==========
The foregoing unaudited pro forma income statement data gives effect to
(i) the Reorganization, including the reduction in net gain from
investments, the reduction in interest and dividend income, the lower
management fee and the increase in interest expense as if the Employment
Agreement (see Note P to the Consolidated Financial Statements) had been in
effect for the year ended December 31, 1998 and (ii) the additional income
taxes which would have been recorded if GFI had been a "C" corporation
instead of an "S" corporation based on tax laws in effect. The unaudited
pro forma data does not give effect to the use of proceeds received from
the Offering.
The unaudited pro forma adjustments are based upon available
information and certain assumptions that management of the Company believes
are reasonable under the circumstances. The pro forma financial data does
not purport to represent the results of operations or the financial
position of the Company which actually would have occurred had the
Reorganization been consummated on the aforesaid dates, or project the
results of operations or the financial position of the Company for any
future date or period.
- --------------
(1) Effective April 14, 1997, Gabelli Fixed Income L.L.C. was restructured
such that the Company's ownership increased from 50% to 80.1%, thereby
causing Gabelli Fixed Income L.L.C. to become a consolidated subsidiary
of the Company. Accordingly, for periods after April 14, 1997, the
assets managed by Gabelli Fixed Income L.L.C. are included in the
Company's assets under management. If the assets managed by Gabelli
Fixed Income L.L.C. had been included for all periods presented, assets
under management for 1994, 1995 and 1996 would have been approximately
$9.0 billion, $10.8 billion and $11.1 billion, respectively.
(2) The disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123 require the use of an
option valuation model to compute a fair value of employee stock
options. The valuation model used by the Company was not developed for
use in valuing employee stock options and the Company's employee stock
option characteristics vary significantly from those of traded options.
As a result, changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially
affect the fair value estimate. The pro forma compensation expense, net
of tax benefit, related to the Stock Award and Incentive Plan for the
year ended December 31, 1998 is $1,300,000 based on 1,134,500 options
outstanding on the date of consummation of the Offering.
Item 7: Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the
Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto included in Item 8
to this report. The Consolidated Financial Statements reflect the financial
condition and results of operations of GFI and include the accounts of the
following majority-owned or controlled subsidiaries of the Company: Funds
Adviser (100%-owned), GAMCO (100%-owned), GSI (76.6%-owned), Gabelli &
Company (76.6%-owned), Gabelli Fixed Income, Inc. (100%-owned), Gabelli
Fixed Income L.L.C. (80.1%-owned) and Gabelli Advisers, Inc. (40.9%-owned,
combined with the voting interests of affiliated parties, represents voting
control).
In connection with the Reorganization and the Offering, GFI transferred
substantially all of the operating assets and liabilities relating to its
institutional and retail asset management, mutual fund advisory,
underwriting and brokerage business to Gabelli Asset Management Inc. in
exchange for 24 million shares of Class B Common Stock. For periods after
the Offering, the Company's financial statements will reflect the financial
condition and results of operations of Gabelli Asset Management Inc. and
the historical results of GFI will be shown as predecessor company
financial statements.
Overview
The Company's revenues are largely based on the level of assets under
management in its businesses as well as the level of fees associated with
its various investment products. Growth in revenues generally depends on
good investment performance, which increases assets under management by
increasing the value of existing assets under management, contributing to
higher investment and lower redemption rates and facilitating the ability
to attract additional investors while maintaining current fee levels.
Growth in assets under management is also dependent on being able to access
various distribution channels, which is usually based on several factors,
including performance and service. Historically, the Company depended
primarily on direct distribution of its products and services, but since
1995 has increasingly participated in Third-Party Distribution Programs,
particularly NTF Programs. Fluctuations in financial markets also have a
substantial effect on assets under management and results of operations,
although the Company's extensive use of variable compensation programs
tends to moderate the effects of fluctuations in revenues. The Company's
largest source of revenues is investment advisory fees which are based on
the amount of assets under management in its Mutual Funds and Separate
Accounts businesses. Advisory fees from the Mutual Funds are computed daily
or weekly, while advisory fees from the Separate Accounts are generally
computed quarterly based on account values as of the end of the preceding
quarter. These revenues vary depending upon the level of sales compared
with redemptions, financial market conditions and the fee structure for
assets under management. Revenues derived from the equity oriented
portfolios generally have higher management fee rates than fixed income
portfolios.
Commission revenues consist of brokerage commissions derived from
securities transactions executed on an agency basis on behalf of mutual
funds, institutional and high net worth clients as well as investment
banking revenue, which consists of underwriting profits, selling
concessions and management fees associated with underwriting activities.
Distribution fees and other income primarily include distribution fees
payable in accordance with Rule 12b-1 ("12b-1") of the Investment Company
Act of 1940, as amended (the "Investment Company Act"), along with sales
charges and underwriting fees associated with the sale of the Mutual Funds
plus other revenues. Distribution fees fluctuate based on the level of
assets under management and the amount and type of Mutual Funds sold
directly by the Company and through various distribution channels. During
1997, the 12b-1 plans for 15 of the open-end Mutual Funds were restructured
as compensation plans with annual fees set at 25 basis points of average
assets under management. Previously, these plans were structured to only
reimburse the Company for actual distribution expenses incurred, up to 25
basis points of average assets under management.
Compensation costs include variable and fixed compensation and related
expenses paid to the officers, portfolio managers, sales, trading, research
and all other staff members of the Company.
Other operating expenses include product distribution and promotion
costs, clearing charges and fees for the Company's brokerage operation,
rental of office space and electronic data equipment and services,
insurance, charitable contributions and other general and administrative
operating costs.
Interest and dividend income net, as well as net gain from investments
(which includes both realized and unrealized gains) is derived from
proprietary investments of the Company's capital in various public and
private investments.
Net gain from investments is derived primarily from the assets to be
distributed to GFI and also includes the results of the Company's hedging
activities. As part of an overall hedge of the risks associated with the
Company's proprietary investment portfolio, the Company entered into
transactions in domestic equity index contracts. These financial
instruments represent future commitments to sell an underlying index for
specified amounts at specified future dates. In connection with the
Formation Transactions, GFI retained most of the proprietary investment
portfolio (which includes the Company's hedging activities).
As a result of the Offering, the Company became taxable as a "C"
corporation for Federal and state income tax purposes and will pay taxes at
an effective rate considerably higher than when GFI and certain of its
subsidiaries were treated as Subchapter "S" corporations.
Minority interest represents the share of net income attributable to
the minority stockholders, as reported on a separate company basis, of the
Company's consolidated majority-owned subsidiaries.
Operating Results for the Year Ended December 31, 1998 as Compared to the
Year Ended December 31, 1997
Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 1998 were $138.2
million, an increase of $32.9 million, or 31%, compared to $105.3 million
for the year ended December 31, 1997. Investment advisory and incentive
fees, comprising 84% of total revenues, increased $26.7 million, or 30%, to
$116.4 million, as the Company experienced strong growth in the level of
average assets under management in both its Mutual Funds and Separate
Accounts businesses. Total average assets under management, which is the
basis for investment advisory and incentive fees, were $14.8 billion in
1998, an increase of $3.4 billion, or 30%, compared to average assets under
management of $11.4 billion in 1997. Total assets under management at
December 31, 1998 were $16.3 billion, an increase of $3.0 billion from
assets under management of $13.3 billion at December 31, 1997. Assets under
management in Mutual Funds were $8.2 billion at December 31, 1998, an
increase of approximately $2.1 billion, or 34%, from December 31, 1997.
This increase represents approximately $1.2 billion in net cash inflows
plus $900 million from market-related appreciation. Assets under management
in Separate Accounts were $8.0 billion at December 31, 1998 and $7.0
billion at December 31, 1997. Growth in revenues was greater than growth in
assets due to a greater weighting of assets to higher fee equity
portfolios.
Commission revenues in 1998 were $8.7 million, an increase of $1.2
million, or 16%, from commission revenues of $7.5 million in 1997. The
increase principally resulted from increased agency trading activity for
accounts managed by affiliated companies. Commission revenues derived from
transactions on behalf of the Mutual Funds and Separate Accounts clients
totaled $7.0 million, or approximately 80% of total commission revenues in
1998.
Distribution fees and other income increased more than 63% to $13.2
million in 1998 from $8.1 million in 1997. Increased 12b-1 fees, resulting
from the growth in assets under management and restructuring of the Mutual
Funds' 12b-1 plans as compensation plans, accounted for $4.4 million, or
86%, of the total increase in distribution fees and other income during
1998 as compared to 1997.
Total expenses in 1998 were $93.2 million, an increase of $18.7
million, or 25%, from $74.5 million in 1997. Total expenses as a percentage
of total revenues declined to 67% in 1998 from 71% in the prior year as
fixed expenses were spread over a larger revenue base. Compensation costs,
which are largely variable in nature and increase or decrease as revenues
grow or decline, rose approximately $10.7 million, or 24%, to $56.0 million
in 1998 from $45.3 million in 1997. Management fee expense, which is
totally variable and increases or decreases as operating profits grow or
decline, was $12.2 million in 1998, an increase of $1.6 million, or 15%,
from $10.6 million for the year ended December 31, 1997. Other operating
expenses, which include general operating expenses, as well as marketing,
promotion and distribution costs, were $24.9 million in 1998, an increase
of approximately $6.2 million, or 33%, from $18.7 million in 1997. Mutual
fund administration and distribution expenses accounted for more than $5.6
million, or 90%, of this increase.
Net gain from investments, which is derived from GFI's proprietary
investment portfolio, was approximately $16.5 million for the year ended
December 31, 1998 compared to a net gain of $7.9 million for 1997. This
increase reflects a net gain of approximately $17.6 million from the sale
of certain Personal Communications Services ("PCS") licenses as well as
lower losses from hedging activities, which losses declined to $4.8 million
in 1998 from a loss of $8.1 million in 1997. Interest and dividend income
was $5.1 million in 1998 compared to $4.6 million in 1997. In connection
with the Reorganization, GFI retained most of the proprietary investment
portfolio (which included the remaining PCS licenses and hedging
activities). The net gain (loss) from the proprietary investment portfolio
to be retained by GFI was ($2.7) million and $6.5 million for 1998 and
1997, respectively.
Income taxes increased to $5.5 million for 1998 from $3.1 million for
1997, in line with the increase in income before income taxes and minority
interest.
Minority interest expense increased to $1.7 million in 1998 from $1.5
million in 1997. This increase is reflective of additional income
attributable to the minority interests of GFI's 76.6%-owned subsidiary,
GSI, and GFI's 40.9% economic interest in Gabelli Advisers, Inc.
Operating Results for Year Ended December 31, 1997 as Compared to Year Ended
December 31, 1996
Total revenues for GFI in 1997 increased to $105.3 million compared to
$98.2 million in 1996, an increase of approximately $7.1 million or 7%. The
largest component of revenues, investment advisory and incentive fees,
increased $5.4 million, or 6%, to $89.7 million, as total assets under
management increased by $3.8 billion or 40% to $13.3 billion from $9.5
billion at the end of 1996. The improvements in revenues occurred as assets
under management in the Mutual Funds for 1997 increased approximately $1.9
billion, or 46% to $6.1 billion at December 31, 1997 from $4.2 billion on
December 31, 1996. In addition, assets under management in the Separate
Accounts grew approximately 35% to $7.0 billion at December 31, 1997 from
$5.2 billion at the end of the prior year. Approximately 39% of the
increase in total assets under management for 1997 and 30% of the increase
in investment advisory and incentive fees was due to Gabelli Fixed Income
L.L.C. becoming a consolidated subsidiary on April 14, 1997 when GFI
increased its ownership interest from 50% to 80.1%. The remaining 61% of
the increase in total assets under management was primarily the result of
investment performance of the equity portfolios throughout the year and net
sales of the Mutual Funds from NTF Programs in the second half of the year.
Growth in assets was substantially greater than growth in revenues, due to
the consolidation of Gabelli Fixed Income L.L.C. which charges relatively
lower fees, the weighting of net sales toward the end of the year and
increasingly strong investment performance in the latter part of the year.
As a result of increased agency trading activity for institutional
clients, including accounts managed by affiliated companies, commission
revenues in 1997 increased 12% to $7.5 million from $6.7 million in 1996.
Commissions from the Mutual Funds and the Separate Account clients totaled
$6.1 million, or approximately 81% of total commission revenues in 1997.
Distribution fees and other income for 1997 increased approximately 12%
to $8.1 million from $7.3 million in 1996. This was the result of both
increased assets under management and the restructuring of the Mutual
Funds' 12b-1 plans as compensation plans.
Total expenses for 1997 increased to $74.5 million, from $71.3 million
in 1996, an increase of $3.2 million, or approximately 4%. Approximately
half of this increase was associated with GFI's acquisition of a
controlling interest in Gabelli Fixed Income L.L.C. in April 1997 and the
inclusion of its expenses in GFI's 1997 results. Compensation costs rose to
$45.3 million in 1997 from $41.8 million in 1996, an increase of
approximately 8%. Management fee expense rose in line with the increase in
pre-tax profits to $10.6 million in 1997 from $10.2 million in 1996. Other
operating expenses were $18.7 million in 1997 compared to $19.3 million in
1996, a decline of approximately 3%. This decline in other operating
expenses was generally due to lower mutual fund distribution costs.
Net gain from investments, which is derived from GFI's proprietary
investment portfolio, was approximately $7.9 million in 1997, compared to
$8.8 million for 1996, a decline of approximately $0.9 million. This
decline was principally due to higher costs associated with hedging
activities which in 1997 resulted in hedging losses of $8.1 million
compared to hedging losses of $3.7 million in 1996. Interest and dividend
income, net of interest expense, decreased by approximately $1.7 million in
1997 to $2.8 million compared with $4.5 million in 1996. This decrease was
primarily a result of GFI's change in its mix of investments from
publicly-traded securities and mutual funds which paid interest and
dividends to certain private investments which did not provide a current
return. In connection with the Reorganization, GFI retained most of the
proprietary investment portfolio (which included GFI's hedging activities).
The net gain from the proprietary investment portfolio to be retained by
GFI was $4.9 million and $7.6 million for 1997 and 1996, respectively.
Income taxes decreased to $3.1 million in 1997 from $7.6 million in
1996. This was primarily a result of GAMCO's election of Subchapter "S"
corporate status effective January 1, 1997.
Minority interest declined in 1997 by $1.2 million from $2.7 million in
1996 as a result of GAMCO becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of GFI on
January 1, 1997. Minority interest of $1.5 million in 1997 represents
income attributable to the minority interests of GFI's then 76.1%-owned
subsidiary, GSI, GFI's 80.1%-owned subsidiary, Gabelli Fixed Income L.L.C.,
and GFI's then 51.1% economic interest in Gabelli Advisers, LLC (now
Gabelli Advisers, Inc.).
Operating Results for Year Ended December 31, 1996 as Compared to Year
Ended December 31, 1995
Total revenues for GFI increased to $98.2 million in 1996 from $89.3
million in 1995, an increase of approximately $8.9 million or approximately
10%. Investment advisory and incentive fees accounted for the largest
portion of this growth, increasing by $6.9 million or approximately 9% to
$84.2 million in 1996 as overall assets under management rose to $9.5
billion in 1996 from $9.3 billion in the prior year. For 1996, assets under
management in the Mutual Funds increased to $4.2 billion at December 31,
1996 from $4.1 billion at the end of 1995. Assets under management in the
Separate Accounts were $5.2 billion compared to $5.1 billion at December
31, 1995.
As a result of increased agency trading activity for institutional
clients, including accounts managed by affiliated companies, commission
revenues increased to $6.7 million in 1996 from $5.7 million in 1995, an
increase of approximately 17%. Commissions from the Mutual Funds and the
Separate Accounts totaled $4.8 million in 1996, or approximately 72% of
total commission revenues.
Distribution fees and other income increased to $7.3 million in 1996
from $6.3 million in 1995, an increase of approximately 15%, reflecting
GFI's increased efforts to distribute its Mutual Funds. For 1996 and 1995,
distribution revenues were closely tied to distribution expenses, as the
12b-1 plans for the open-end Mutual Funds were then structured to reimburse
GFI for distribution expenditures incurred on behalf of such funds, subject
to a limitation of 25 basis points of average fund net assets for those
funds with 12b-1 plans.
Total expenses in 1996 increased to $71.3 million, from $67.5 million
in 1995, an increase of $3.8 million, or approximately 6%, primarily as a
result of increased compensation costs and costs associated with the
distribution of the Mutual Funds. Compensation costs, a significant portion
of which are variable in nature, rose approximately 6% from $39.4 million
in 1995 to $41.8 million in 1996. Other operating expenses increased
approximately $0.6 million or 3% to $19.3 million in 1996 from $18.7
million in 1995.
Net gain from investments, which is derived from GFI's proprietary
investment portfolio, was approximately $8.8 million in 1996 compared to
$10.1 million in 1995, a decline of approximately $1.3 million. This
decline was attributable to lower investment and market related gains from
GFI's investments including losses from hedging activities of $3.7 million
in 1996. Interest and dividend income, net of interest expense, decreased
to $4.5 million in 1996 from $5.2 million in 1995, a decrease of
approximately 13%. This was primarily a result of the use of capital for
certain private investments in 1996 which did not provide a current return.
In connection with the Reorganization, GFI retained most of the proprietary
investment portfolio (which included GFI's hedging activities). The net
gain from the proprietary investment portfolio to be retained by GFI was
$7.6 million and $6.9 million in 1996 and 1995, respectively.
Higher net income reported on a separate company basis by both GFI's
then 79.1%-owned subsidiary, GAMCO, and then 75.3%-owned subsidiary, GSI,
resulted in an increase in income attributable to the minority interests in
GFI's consolidated subsidiaries.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company's principal assets consist of cash, short-term investments,
securities held for investment purposes and investments in partnerships in
which the Company is either a general or limited partner. Short-term
investments are comprised primarily of United States treasury securities
with maturities of less than one year and money market funds managed by the
Company. Although investments in investment partnerships are
for the most part illiquid, the underlying investments of such partnerships
are for the most part liquid and the valuations of the investment
partnerships reflect that underlying liquidity.
The Company has historically met its cash requirements through cash
generated by its operating activities. Based upon the Company's current
level of operations and anticipated growth in net revenues and net income
as a result of implementing its business strategy, the Company expects that
cash flows from its operating activities will be sufficient to enable the
Company to finance its working capital needs for the foreseeable future.
The Company has no material commitments for capital expenditures.
Gabelli & Company is registered with the Commission as a broker-dealer
and is a member of the NASD. As such, it is subject to the minimum net
capital requirements promulgated by the Commission. Gabelli & Company's net
capital has historically exceeded these minimum requirements. Gabelli &
Company computes its net capital under the alternative method permitted by
the Commission, which requires minimum net capital of $250,000. As of
December 31, 1998 and 1997, Gabelli & Company had net capital, as defined,
of approximately $14.5 million and $6.6 million, respectively, exceeding
the regulatory requirement by approximately $14.2 million and $6.3 million,
respectively. Regulatory net capital requirements increase when Gabelli &
Company is involved in underwriting activities.
The Company received net proceeds from the Offering of approximately
$96 million which will be used for general corporate purposes, including
working capital and the expansion of its business through new investment
product offerings, enhanced distribution and marketing of existing
investment products, upgraded management information systems and strategic
acquisitions as opportunities arise. At present, the Company has no plans,
arrangements or understandings relating to any specific acquisitions or
alliances. The Company currently does not intend to use any of the net
proceeds from the Offering to pay debt service on the $50 million payable
to Mr. Gabelli under the terms of his Employment Agreement.
Market Risk
The Company is subject to potential losses from certain market
risks as a result of absolute and relative price movements in financial
instruments due to changes in interest rates, equity prices and other
factors. The Company's exposure to market risk is directly related to its
role as financial intermediary and advisor for assets under management in
its mutual funds, institutional and separate accounts business and its
proprietary trading activities. At December 31, 1998, the Company's primary
market risk exposure was for changes in equity prices and interest rates.
To cover its exposure to equity price fluctuations the Company may purchase
or sell short, certain domestic equity index futures contracts ("Futures
Contracts") or Standard & Poor Depository Receipts ("SPDRS"). Futures
Contracts are commitments to purchase or sell an underlying financial index
at a future date for specified amounts. At December 31, 1997 and 1998 the
Company had sold Futures Contracts with notional amounts outstanding of
$33.2 million and $26.5 million, respectively. Any change in the underlying
index (in this case the S & P 500 Index) would result in a similar
percentage change in the value of the Futures Contract and a corresponding
charge or credit to investment gains or losses recognized in the Company's
results of operations. SPDRS are securities that represent an interest in
the portfolio of securities held by a unit investment trust ("Trust"), but
which trade like shares of common stock. The Trust is designed to mirror
the performance of the S & P 500 Index. Any change in the S & P 500 Index
will result in a similarly corresponding change in the SPDRS with any
unrealized gains or losses being recorded, accordingly. At December 31,
1997 and 1998, the Company had equity investments, including mutual funds
largely invested in equity products, of $46.6 million and $69.3 million,
respectively. Investments in Mutual funds, $25.7 million and $42.0 million
at December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively, generally lower market risk
through the diversification of financial instruments within their
portfolio. In addition, the Company may alter its investment holdings from
time to time in response to changes in market risks and other factors
considered appropriate by management. The remainder of the portfolio is a
diverse selection of common stocks.
The Company's exposure to interest rate risk results, principally,
from its investment of excess cash in government obligations. These
investments are primarily short term in nature and the fair value of these
investments generally approximate market value.
The Company's revenues are largely driven by the market value of
its assets under management and are therefore exposed to fluctuations in
market prices. Investment advisory fees for mutual funds are based on
average daily asset values. Management fees earned on institutional and
separate accounts, for any given quarter, are determined based on asset
values on the last day of the preceding quarter. Any significant increases
or decreases in market value of assets managed which occur on the last day
of the quarter will result in a relative increase or decrease in revenues
for the following quarter.
Recent Accounting Developments
In 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 130 ("Reporting
Comprehensive Income") and SFAS No. 131 ("Disclosure about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information"). These statements, which are effective
for periods beginning after December 15, 1997, expand or modify
disclosures. In addition, in 1998, the FASB issued SFAS No. 133
("Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities"). SFAS No.
133 establishes standards for recognizing and fair valuing derivative
financial instruments. SFAS No. 133 is required to be adopted for fiscal
years beginning after June 15, 1999. The Company does not expect
implementation of these statements to have any significant effect on the
Company's reported financial position or results of operations.
Seasonality and Inflation
The Company does not believe its operations are subject to significant
seasonal fluctuations. The Company does not believe inflation will
significantly affect its compensation costs as they are substantially
variable in nature. However, the rate of inflation may affect Company
expenses such as information technology and occupancy costs. To the extent
inflation results in rising interest rates and has other effects upon the
securities markets, it may adversely affect the Company's financial
position and results of operations by reducing the Company's assets under
management, revenues or otherwise.
Year 2000 Program
With the new millennium approaching, many institutions around the world
are reviewing and modifying their computer systems to ensure that they are
Year 2000 compliant. The issue, in general terms, is that many existing
computer systems and microprocessors with date functions (including those
in non-information technology equipment and systems) use only two digits to
identify a year in the date field with the assumption that the first two
digits of the year are always "19". Consequently, on January 1, 2000,
computers that are not Year 2000 compliant may read the year as 1900.
Systems that calculate, compare or sort using the incorrect date may
malfunction.
Because the Company is dependent, to a very substantial degree, upon
the proper functioning of its computer systems, a failure of its systems to
be Year 2000 compliant could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
For example, a failure of this kind could lead to incomplete or inaccurate
accounting or recording of trades in securities or result in the generation
of erroneous results or give rise to uncertainty about the Company's
exposure to trading risks and its need for liquidity. If not remedied,
potential risks include business interruption or shutdown, financial loss,
regulatory actions, reputational harm and legal liability.
In addition, the Company depends primarily upon the proper functioning
of third-party computer and non-information technology systems. These
parties include trading counterparties; financial intermediaries such as
stock exchanges, depositories, clearing agencies, clearing houses and
commercial banks; subcontractors such as third-party administrators; and
vendors such as providers of telecommunication services, quotation
equipment and other utilities. If the third parties with whom the Company
interacts have Year 2000 problems that are not remedied, the following
problems could result: (i) in the case of subcontractors, in disruption of
critical services such as administration, valuation and record keeping
services for its mutual funds; (ii) in the case of vendors, in disruption
of important services upon which the Company depends, such as
telecommunications and electrical power; (iii) in the case of third-party
data providers, in the receipt of inaccurate or out-of-date information
that would impair the Company's ability to perform critical data functions,
such as pricing its securities or other assets; (iv) in the case of
financial intermediaries such as exchanges and clearing agents, in failed
trade settlements, an inability to trade in certain markets and disruption
of funding flows; (v) in the case of banks and other financial
institutions, in the disruption of capital flows potentially resulting in
liquidity stress; and (vi) in the case of counterparties and customers, in
financial and accounting difficulties for those parties that expose the
Company to increased credit risk and lost business. Disruption or
suspension of activity in the world's financial markets is also possible.
In addition, uncertainty about the success of remediation efforts generally
may cause many market participants to reduce the level of their market
activities temporarily as they assess the effectiveness of these efforts
during a "phase-in" period beginning in late 1999. This in turn could
result in a general reduction in trading and other market activities (and
thus, lost revenues). Management cannot predict the impact that such
reduction would have on the Company's business.
In order to ensure that the Company will continue to operate
successfully and be able to meet its fiduciary obligations to its clients
after December 31, 1999, the Company has taken numerous steps toward
becoming Year 2000 compliant in respect to both its information technology
and non-information technology systems. The Company has established a
comprehensive Year 2000 program and already has begun to implement it. To
date, the Company has (i) taken inventory of all its technology systems;
(ii) performed an analysis of all internal systems, all facilities and
communications systems, and all third-party providers' software and
hardware products; and (iii) updated its internal system, which is its only
in-house developed system, for Year 2000 compliance.
In addition, the Company has identified and contacted 58
counterparties, intermediaries, subcontractors and vendors with whom it has
important financial or operational relationships (18 of which the Company
has identified as mission critical) and has requested from them assurances
that those systems either are already Year 2000 compliant or that they are
taking the necessary steps to make such systems Year 2000 compliant. The
Company has received both oral and written responses to these requests from
all third-party providers and 37 of them (9 of which the Company has
identified as mission critical) have advised the Company that their systems
are Year 2000 compliant. The remaining third parties have advised the
Company that they are in the process of achieving compliance and are
currently in the testing phase.
The Company intends to maintain ongoing communications with its
third-party providers and continue to monitor their compliance progress.
The Company is also currently in the process of testing its own updated
internal system to ensure Year 2000 compliance. The Company's subsidiaries
which are registered with the Commission as broker-dealers or investment
advisers have made certain filings with the Commission and other regulatory
agencies regarding their Year 2000 compliance efforts and will be making
additional filings in 1999. The Company does not anticipate encountering
any technology issue which would impede its ability to become Year 2000
compliant; however, there has been no limitation, contractual or otherwise,
on the Company's legal remedies in the event that any of the third parties
should fail to remedy any Year 2000 problem relating to their systems.
The Company currently estimates that the total cost of implementing its
Year 2000 program will not have a material impact on the Company's results
of operations, liquidity or capital resources. There can be no assurance,
however, that the Company's Year 2000 program will be effective or that the
Company's estimates about the cost of completing its program will be
accurate. Neither the Company nor any of its affiliates has been reviewed
by federal or state regulators for Year 2000 compliance.
Item 7A: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Reference is made to the information contained under the heading
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations -- Market Risk."
Item 8: Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Reference is made to the Index on page F-1 of the Consolidated
Financial Statements of the Company and the Notes thereto contained herein.
Item 8: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
GABELLI ASSET MANANAGEMENT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page
Report of Independent Auditors................................... F-2
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended
December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998............................... F-3
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at
December 31, 1997 and 1998..................................... F-4
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the
years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998................... F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years
ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998......................... F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements....................... F-8
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statements of Income and
Financial Condition
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Income............. F-19
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Financial
Condition...................................................... F-20
--------
All schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission that are not required
under the related instructions or are inapplicable have been omitted.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Gabelli Asset Management Inc. and Subsidiaries
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial
condition of Gabelli Asset Management Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December
31, 1997 and 1998 and the related consolidated statements of income,
stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 1998. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free
of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the
overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits
provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of
Gabelli Asset Management Inc. and Subsidiaries at December 31, 1997 and
1998, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows
for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1998, in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
ERNST & YOUNG LLP
New York, New York
March 9, 1999
GABELLI ASSET MANAGEMENT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Year ended December 31
1996 1997 1998
----------- ----------- --------
(In thousands)
Revenues
Investment advisory and incentive fees..... $ 84,244 $ 89,684 $ 116,358
Commission revenue......................... 6,667 7,496 8,673
Distribution fees and other income......... 7,257 8,096 13,156
-------- -------- --------
Total revenues........................ 98,168 105,276 138,187
-------- -------- --------
Expenses
Compensation costs......................... 41,814 45,260 56,046
Management fee............................. 10,192 10,580 12,246
Other operating expenses................... 19,274 18,690 24,883
-------- -------- --------
Total expenses........................ 71,280 74,530 93,175
-------- -------- --------
Operating income........................... 26,888 30,746 45,012
-------- -------- --------
Other Income (Expense)
Net gain (loss) from investments........... 8,783 7,888 (1,103)
Gain on sale of PCS licenses, net ............. -- -- 17,614
Interest and dividend income............... 5,406 4,634 5,117
Interest expense........................... (879) (1,876) (2,212)
Other...................................... 331 (109) --
-------- -------- --------
Total other income, net............... 13,641 10,537 19,416
-------- -------- --------
Income before income taxes and
minority interest........................ 40,529 41,283 64,428
Income taxes............................... 7,631 3,077 5,451
Minority interest.......................... 2,727 1,529 1,710
-------- -------- --------
Net income................................. $ 30,171 $ 36,677 $ 57,267
========== ======== ========
See accompanying notes.
GABELLI ASSET MANAGEMENT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
December 31
1997 1998
---------- -------
(In thousands, except share data)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents...................................... $ 12,610 $ 50,222
Investments in securities...................................... 56,607 83,802
Investments in partnerships and affiliates..................... 46,972 49,795
PCS licenses .................................................. 84,862 33,311
Receivable from broker......................................... 3,155 13,463
Investment advisory fees receivable............................ 8,484 8,851
Notes and other receivables from affiliates.................... 10,088 5,178
Capital lease.................................................. 3,679 3,433
Intangible assets, net......................................... 1,932 1,724
Other receivables.............................................. 2,690 1,226
Other assets................................................... 1,657 3,670
------- -------
Total assets.............................................. $ 232,736 $ 254,675
========= =========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Securities sold, but not yet purchased......................... $ 346 $ 13,011
Distributions payable to shareholders.......................... 4,305 11,616
Bank loan payable.............................................. 30,000 -
Notes payable.................................................. 7,108 5,876
Income taxes payable (including deferred income taxes of
$2,818 in 1997 and $2,203 in 1998)........................... 3,752 3,300
Capital lease obligation....................................... 3,650 3,614
Compensation payable........................................... 3,456 5,118
Accrued expenses and other liabilities......................... 5,197 5,113
--------- ---------
Total liabilities......................................... 57,814 47,648
--------- ---------
Minority interest.............................................. 11,303 12,127
Stockholders' equity:
Common Stock, $.01 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized;
185,937 and 196,537 shares issued and outstanding, respectively 2 2
Additional paid-in capital................................... 12,372 21,471
Retained earnings............................................ 152,775 184,141
Notes receivable............................................. (1,530) (10,714)
--------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity................................ 163,619 194,900
--------- ---------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity................ $ 232,736 $ 254,675
========== ==========
See accompanying notes.
GABELLI ASSET MANAGEMENT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998
(In thousands, except share data)
Additional
Common Paid-in Retained Notes
Stock Capital Earnings Receivable Total
-------- ----------- --------- ---------- ------
Balance at December 31, 1995..... $ 2 $ 1,835 $ 114,470 $ (235) $ 116,072
Repurchase and retirement of
1,600 shares................ -- (9) (1,273) -- (1,282)
Issuance of note receivable.... -- -- -- (891) (891)
Issuance of 1,704 shares....... -- 1,141 -- -- 1,141
Distributions to shareholders.. -- -- (6,678) -- (6,678)
Net income..................... -- -- 30,171 -- 30,171
------------ -------- --------- ----------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 1996..... 2 2,967 136,690 (1,126) 138,533
Repurchase and retirement of 50
shares...................... -- (38) -- -- (38)
Net issuances of notes receivable -- -- -- (404) (404)
Issuance of 11,184 shares...... -- 9,443 -- -- 9,443
Distributions to shareholders.. -- -- (20,592) -- (20,592)
Net income..................... -- -- 36,677 -- 36,677
------- -------- --------- ----------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 1997..... 2 12,372 152,775 (1,530) 163,619
Repurchase and retirement of 400
shares...................... -- (351) -- 351 --
Issuance of 11,000 shares...... -- 9,450 -- (9,535) (85)
Distributions to shareholders.. -- -- (25,901) -- (25,901)
Net income..................... -- -- 57,267 -- 57,267
--------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------
Balance at December 31, 1998..... $ 2 $ 21,471 $184,141 $(10,714) $194,900
======== ======== ======== ========= ========
See accompanying notes.
GABELLI ASSET MANAGEMENT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Year ended December 31
1996 1997 1998
----------- ----------- --------
(In thousands)
Operating activities
Net income.......................................... $ 30,171 $ 36,677 $ 57,267
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Equity in earnings of partnerships and affiliates. (5,997) (7,886) (1,414)
Depreciation and amortization..................... 424 451 865
Deferred income taxes............................. (114) 50 (615)
Minority interest in net income of consolidated
subsidiaries................................... 2,727 1,529 1,710
Gain on sale of PCS licenses...................... -- -- (28,449)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Investments in securities...................... 4,435 3,205 (27,195)
Investment advisory fees receivable............ 526 (1,145) (367)
Notes and other receivables from affiliates.... (12,353) 9,100 4,910
Other receivables.............................. (5,230) 784 1,464
Receivable from broker......................... (1,764) (1,391) (10,308)
Other assets................................... (2,103) (201) (2,460)
Notes payable.................................. -- (879) (1,232)
Income taxes payable........................... 1,470 (670) 163
Compensation payable........................... (1,933) (133) 1,662
Securities sold, but not yet purchased......... -- (436) 12,665
Distributions payable to shareholders........... 627 2,754 7,311
Accrued expenses and other liabilities......... (261) (3,238) (6,434)
--------- -------- ----------
Total adjustments................................... (19,546) 1,894 (47,724)
-------- ---------- ---------
Net cash provided by operating activities........... 10,625 38,571 9,543
-------- --------- --------
Investing activities
(Purchases) sale of PCS licenses.................... (21,661) (63,201) 80,000
Distributions from partnerships and affiliates...... 5,101 2,607 3,770
Investments in partnerships and affiliates.......... (2,832) (6,560) (5,179)
Cost of acquisitions................................ -- (2,175) --
-------- -------- --------
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities (19,392) (69,329) 78,591
-------- --------- --------
Financing activities
Proceeds from (repayment of) bank loan.............. -- 30,000 (30,000)
Distributions to shareholders....................... (5,988) (17,794) (19,636)
Repayments of subsidiaries' notes receivable........ 127 5 --
Issuances of subsidiaries' common stock............. -- 108 --
Purchase of minority stockholders' interest......... -- (1,864) (886)
Proceeds from issuances of common stock............. 738 -- --
Payment for common stock repurchased and retired.... (581) (38) --
Repayments of notes receivable...................... -- 2 --
-------- -------- -----------
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities. (5,704) 10,419 (50,522)
-------- -------- ---------
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents (14,471) (20,339) 37,612
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year...... 47,420 32,949 12,610
-------- -------- --------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year............ $ 32,949 $ 12,610 $ 50,222
======== ======== ========
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash paid for interest.............................. $ 879 $ 1,784 $ 2,212
======== ======== ========
Cash paid for income taxes.......................... $ 5,952 $ 3,337 $ 5,903
======== ======== ========
Supplemental disclosure of noncash financing activity
Issuance of note payable for repurchase of subsidiary's
common stock...................................... $ -- $ 976 $ --
======== ======== ========
Issuance of note payable for repurchase of common stock $ 1,232 $ -- $ --
======== ======== ========
Receipt of note for common stock sold............... $ 891 $ 404 $ 9,535
======== ======== ========
Receipt of notes for sale of minority interest...... $ -- $ 375 $ --
======== ======== ========
See accompanying notes.
GABELLI ASSET MANAGEMENT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1998
A. Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
Gabelli Asset Management Inc. ("GAMI") is a newly formed company,
incorporated in April 1998 in the state of New York, with no significant
assets or liabilities and which did not engage in any business activities
prior to the public offering ("Offering") of its shares. Immediately
preceding the Offering, which occurred on February 11, 1999, GAMI exchanged
24 million shares of its Class B Common Stock, representing all of its then
issued and outstanding common stock, with Gabelli Funds, Inc. ("GFI") and
two of its subsidiaries in consideration for substantially all of the
operating assets and liabilities of GFI relating to its institutional and
retail asset management, mutual fund advisory, underwriting and brokerage
business (the "Reorganization").
The consolidated financial statements presented herein include the
assets, liabilities and earnings of GFI, its wholly-owned subsidiary GAMCO
Investors, Inc. ("GAMCO"), and GFI's majority-owned or controlled
subsidiaries consisting of Gabelli Securities, Inc. ("GSI"), Gabelli Fixed
Income L.L.C. ("Fixed Income") and Gabelli Advisers LLC ("Advisers")
(collectively, the "Company"). After the Offering, the Company's financial
statements will reflect the financial condition and results of operations
of GAMI and the historical results of GFI will be shown as predecessor
company financial statements.
Prior to a reorganization on January 1, 1997, GFI owned approximately
79% of GAMCO. On that date, all outstanding shares of GAMCO not previously
held by GFI were either redeemed at book value by GAMCO or exchanged for
shares of GFI at a predetermined ratio. At December 31, 1996, 1997 and
1998, GFI owned approximately 76% of GSI and 41% of Advisers, which,
combined with the voting interests of affiliated parties, represents voting
control. At December 31, 1997 and 1998, GFI owned approximately 80% of
Fixed Income, which commenced operations on April 15, 1997. All significant
intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date
of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could
differ from those estimates.
Nature of Operations
GFI, GAMCO, Fixed Income and Advisers are registered investment advisers
under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Gabelli & Company, Inc.
("Gabelli & Company"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of GSI, is a registered
broker-dealer. Gabelli & Company acts as an introducing broker and all
transactions for its customers are cleared through New York Stock Exchange
member firms on a fully disclosed basis. Accordingly, open customer
transactions are not reflected in the accompanying statements of financial
condition. Gabelli & Company is exposed to credit losses on these open
positions in the event of nonperformance by its customers.
GABELLI ASSET MANAGEMENT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1998
This exposure is reduced by the clearing brokers' policy of obtaining and
maintaining adequate collateral until the open transaction is completed.
Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents consist of investments in money market mutual funds.
Investments in Securities
Investments in securities are accounted for as "trading securities" and
are stated at quoted market values. Securities which are not readily
marketable are stated at their estimated fair values as determined by the
Company's management. The resulting unrealized gains and losses are
included in net gain from investments. Security transactions and any
related gains and losses are recorded on a trade date basis. Realized gains
and losses from securities transactions are recorded on the identified cost
basis.
The Company periodically enters into short sales. Securities sold short
are stated at quoted market values and represent obligations of the Company
to purchase the securities at prevailing market prices. The ultimate gains
or losses recognized are dependent upon the prices at which these
securities are purchased to settle the obligations under the sales
commitments.
Investments in Partnerships and Affiliates
Investments in partnerships, whose underlying assets consist of
marketable securities, and investments in affiliates are accounted for
using the equity method, under which the Company's share of net earnings or
losses of these partnerships and affiliated entities is reflected in income
as earned and distributions received are reductions of the investments.
Investments in partnerships for which market values are not readily
available are valued at fair value as determined by the Company's
management.
Receivable from Broker
Receivable from broker includes cash and receivables for securities
sold. At December 31, 1998, a substantial portion of this balance
represents required margin deposits for securities sold, but not yet
purchased.
Investment Advisory Fees
Investment advisory fees are based on predetermined percentages of the
market values of the portfolios under management and are recognized as
revenue as the related services are performed.
Depreciation and Amortization
Fixed assets are depreciated using the straight-line method over their
estimated useful lives. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the
straight-line method over their estimated useful lives or lease terms,
whichever is shorter.
Intangible Assets
The cost in excess of net assets acquired is amortized on a
straight-line basis over ten years. The carrying value of cost in excess of
net assets acquired is reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes
in circumstances indicate that it may not be recoverable based upon
expectations of operating income and non-discounted cash flows over its
remaining life. Accumulated amortization at December 31, 1997 and 1998 was
$148,000 and $356,000, respectively.
Minority Interest
Minority interest represents the minority stockholders' ownership of
GAMCO for 1996, Fixed Income for 1997 and 1998 and GSI and Advisers for
1996, 1997 and 1998. With the exception of GSI, these minority stockholders
are principally employees, officers and directors of the Company.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
At December 31, 1997 and 1998, substantially all financial instruments
are carried at amounts which approximate fair value.
Earnings Per Share
The Company has not presented historical earnings per share due to the
significant changes in its operations which are not reflected in the
historical financial statements. (See Note P.) The Company prospectively
will apply Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 128,
"Earnings Per Share". Basic earnings per common share is calculated by
dividing net income applicable to common stockholders by the weighted
average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per
share is computed using the treasury stock method. Diluted earnings per
common share assumes full dilution and is computed by dividing net income
by the total of the weighted average number of shares of common stock
outstanding and common stock equivalents.
Business Segments
The Company has not presented business segment data, in accordance with
SFAS No. 131 "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information," because it operates predominantly in one business segment,
the investment advisory and asset management business.
Distribution Costs
The Company incurs certain promotion and distribution costs, which are
expensed as incurred, related to the sale of shares of mutual funds advised
by the Company (the "Funds").
Comprehensive Income
The Company has not presented a consolidated statement of comprehensive
income in accordance with SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income,"
because it does not have any items of "other comprehensive income".
Reclassifications
Certain items previously reported have been reclassified to
conform with the current year's financial statement presentation.
B. Investments in Securities
Investments in securities at December 31, 1997 and 1998 consist of the
following:
1997 1998
---- ----
Market Market
Cost Value Cost Value
---- ------ ---- ------
(In Thousands)
U.S. Government obligations
$ 6,229 $ 6,352 $14,280 $14,402
Common stocks 13,551 19,895 19,466 25,772
Mutual funds 21,265 25,707 36,126 42,032
Preferred stocks 300 1,038 285 1,521
Other investments 862 3,615 75 75
-------- -------- ------- -------
$ 42,207 $ 56,607 $70,232 $83,802
======== ======== ======= =======
C. Investments in Partnerships and Affiliates
The Company is a co-General Partner of various limited partnerships
whose underlying assets consist primarily of marketable securities. As
co-General Partner, the Company is contingently liable for all of the
partnerships' liabilities. Summary financial information, including the
Company's carrying value and income from these partnerships at December 31,
1997 and 1998 and for the years then ended, is as follows (in thousands):
1997 1998
---- ----
Total assets $131,281 $143,933
Total liabilities 1,458 7,067
Equity 129,823 136,866
Net earnings 12,073 10,252
Company's carrying value 14,479 15,334
Company's income 3,065 2,162
Income from the above partnerships for the year ended December 31, 1996
was approximately $1,944,000.
The Company's income from these partnerships consists of its pro rata
capital allocation and its share of a 20% incentive allocation from the
limited partners. The general partners also receive an annual
administrative fee based on a percentage of each partnership's net assets.
For the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, the Company earned
administrative fees of approximately $820,000, $1,085,000 and $1,177,000,
respectively.
At December 31, 1997 and 1998, the Company had various limited partner
interests in unaffiliated limited partnerships aggregating approximately
$32,332,000 and $35,347,000, respectively. For the years ended December 31,
1996, 1997 and 1998, the net gains (losses) recorded by the Company in
these investments approximated $3,722,000, $5,666,000 and, ($659,000),
respectively.
Prior to April 14, 1997, the Company was a 50% general partner in two
investment advisory companies, one which managed fixed income mutual funds
and the other which managed separate accounts. In addition, it had a 49%
investment in a related broker-dealer. These investments were accounted for
using the equity method. On April 14, 1997, through the acquisition of the
general partnership interests held by the other general partner and
a reorganization into Fixed Income, the Company increased its ownership
stake in these companies to approximately 80%. This transaction resulted in
the recognition of approximately $2,080,000 of cost in excess of net assets
acquired, which is being amortized over a period of 10 years. The results
of Fixed Income's operations are included in the consolidated statements of
income effective April 14, 1997. For the years ended December 31, 1996 and
1997, the Company recorded equity income (loss) from these entities of
approximately $331,000 and $(109,000), respectively. Pro forma information
relating to this transaction is not presented because its effect is
immaterial.
D. Notes Receivable
At December 31, 1997 and 1998, the Company had full recourse notes and
interest receivable from directors of GAMCO in the amount of approximately
$1,666,000 and, $1,532,000 respectively, which are secured by the
directors' ownership interests in the Company and various affiliates. The
notes bear interest at an annual rate of 7% and are payable on demand.
At both December 31, 1997 and 1998 the Company had a note receivable of
approximately $603,000 from an affiliated entity in which the Company has a
49.9% ownership interest. Under the terms of the note, 15% of the realized
net profits of the affiliate are payable to the Company. The note is
secured by a security interest in all of the assets of the affiliate, which
consist primarily of Wireless Communications Service ("WCS") licenses. For
the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1998 the Company did not record any
income under the terms of the note.
At December 31, 1997, the Company had a note receivable from an entity
controlled by certain stockholders of the Company in the amount of
$3,600,000. The note bears interest at an annual rate of 7%. All principal
and interest due on the note was repaid in 1998.
The Company has approximately $2,464,000 and $11,775,000 in various
other notes and interest receivable outstanding at December 31, 1997 and
1998 from certain executive officers, directors and employees in connection
with the acquisition of stock and other ownership interests in the Company.
Interest rates on these notes range from 5% to 10%.
E. Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under the liability method
prescribed by SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes". Deferred tax
assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences
attributable to the differences between the financial statement carrying
amount of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases.
GFI and GSI each file separate income tax returns. Accordingly, the tax
provision represents the aggregate of the amounts provided for all
companies.
GFI elected to be treated as a Subchapter "S" corporation for federal
and state income tax purposes effective January 1, 1995. As a result of
converting from a taxable "C" corporation to a nontaxable "S" corporation,
a federal income tax will be imposed on any "built-in gain" recognized by
GFI on the disposition of assets within ten years from the date of
conversion. GFI retained its existing deferred tax liability at the date of
conversion to the extent of the estimated built-in gains tax. This tax
liability is subject to remeasurement at each financial statement date
until the end of the ten-year period. On January 1, 1997, GFI elected to
treat GAMCO as a Qualified Subchapter "S" subsidiary for Federal and state
income tax purposes.
The provision (benefit) for income taxes for the years ended December
31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 consisted of the following:
1996 1997 1998
---- ---- ----
(In thousands)
Federal:
Current $6,232 $2,399 $4,668
Deferred (93) (8) (607)
State and local:
Current 1,514 628 1,398
Deferred (22) 58 (8)
------ ------ ------
$7,631 $3,077 $5,451
====== ====== ======
The Company's deferred income tax liability at December 31, 1997 and
1998 relates primarily to unrealized gains and losses on investments in
securities and partnerships.
The Company's provision for income taxes differs from the amount of
income tax determined by applying the applicable U.S. federal statutory
income tax rate to income before income taxes and minority interest
principally due to GFI's status as a Subchapter "S" corporation. Subsequent
to the Offering the Company will be taxed as a "C" Corporation for Federal
and state income tax purposes which will substantially increase the tax
expense in future years.
F. Bank Loan and Notes Payable
In 1997, the Company, through Rivgam Communicators, LLC ("Rivgam"), a
wholly-owned subsidiary of GAMCO, entered into a credit facility with The
Chase Manhattan Bank under which Rivgam borrowed $30 million. Interest was
variable based upon changes in the London Interbank Offering Rate or the
Federal Funds Rate. All principal and interest on the loan was repaid on
April 3, 1998.
At December 31, 1997 and 1998, the Company had notes payable
outstanding of approximately $4,900,000, which mature on May 31, 2003,
unless certain circumstances arise which allow for an accelerated
repayment.
The notes accrue interest at 2% over the prime rate, subject to a
minimum interest rate of 9% and a maximum interest rate of 15%, payable
quarterly. Interest expense on these notes amounted to approximately
$636,000, $557,000 and $512,000 for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997
and 1998, respectively.
On December 31, 1997, the Company had a note payable amounting to
$1,232,000 which had been issued as consideration for repurchase of the
Company's common stock. The note matured and was fully paid on January 2,
1998. The note accrued interest at an annual rate of 10%, payable
quarterly. Interest expense on this note amounted to approximately $31,000,
$123,000 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998,
respectively.
In connection with the restructuring of GAMCO's ownership, GAMCO issued
a note payable in 1997 of approximately $976,000 to an employee and
director of the Company and GAMCO, respectively, in consideration for
repurchase of GAMCO common stock. The note matures on January 2, 2000,
unless certain circumstances arise which allow for an accelerated
repayment. GAMCO also has the option to redeem the note at any time prior
to maturity at predetermined rates. The note accrues interest at an annual
rate of 12%, payable quarterly. Interest expense on this note amounted to
approximately $117,000 and $117,000 for the years ended December 31, 1997
and 1998, respectively.
G. Stockholders' Equity
Upon their disassociation with the Company, certain stockholders of GFI
are required to sell their shares to GFI at book value (approximately $23.4
million at December 31, 1998). In addition, certain shareholders of GSI are
required to sell, upon disassociation with the Company, their shares to GSI
at book value or a price established by management (approximately $3.6
million at December 31, 1998).
H. Capital Lease
In December 1997, the Company signed an agreement to lease office space
from a company owned by stockholders of GFI. The Company has recorded a
capital lease asset and liability for the fair value of the leased
property. Amortization of the capital lease is computed on the
straight-line method over the term of the lease, which expires on April 30,
2013. The lease provides that all operating expenses relating to the
property (such as property taxes, utilities and maintenance) are to be paid
by the lessee, the Company.
Future minimum lease payments for this capitalized property at December
31, 1998 are as follows:
(In thousands)
1999................................. $ 720
2000................................. 720
2001................................. 720
2002................................. 720
2003................................. 756
Thereafter........................... 7,140
------
Total minimum obligations............ 10,776
------
Interest............................. 3,991
------
Present value of net obligations..... $6,785
======
Lease payments under this agreement amounted to approximately $50,000
and $720,000 for the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively.
Future minimum lease payments have not been reduced by related minimum
future sublease rentals of approximately $1,504,000, of which approximately
$356,000 is due from an affiliated entity.
Total minimum obligations exclude the operating expenses to be borne by
the Company, which are estimated to be approximately $400,000 per year.
I. Commitments
The Company rents office space under leases which expire at various
dates through 2001. Future minimum lease commitments under these operating
leases as of December 31, 1998 are as follows:
(In thousands)
1999........... $ 642
2000........... 627
2001........... 593
------
$1,862
======
Equipment rentals and occupancy expense amounted to approximately
$1,457,000, $1,644,000 and $1,502,000 respectively, for the years ended
December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998.
J. Related Party Transactions
GFI serves as the investment adviser for the Funds and earns advisory
fees based on predetermined percentages of the average net assets of the
Funds. In addition, Gabelli & Company has entered into distribution
agreements with each of the Funds. As principal distributor, Gabelli &
Company incurs certain promotional and distribution costs related to the
sale of Fund shares, for which it receives a fee or reimbursement from the
Funds.
The Company had an aggregate investment in the Funds of approximately
$34,464,000 and $88,878,000 at December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively, of
which approximately $11,305,000 and $48,622,000, respectively, is invested
in a money market mutual fund. Gabelli & Company earns a majority of its
commission revenue from transactions executed on behalf of clients of
affiliated companies.
The Company was required to pay the Chairman of the Board and Chief
Executive Officer a management fee which is equal to 20% of the pretax
profits of each of the Company's operating divisions before consideration
of this management fee. This fee approximated $10,192,000, $10,580,000 and
$12,246,000 for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998,
respectively. The Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer also
received portfolio management compensation and account executive fees of
approximately $21,260,000, $23,005,000 and $30,105,000 for the years ended
December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, respectively, which have been included in
compensation costs.
The Company contributed approximately $1,628,000 and $1,014,000 for the
years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997, respectively, to an accredited
charitable foundation, of which the Chairman of the Board and Chief
Executive Officer of the Company is an officer. The Company did not make
any contributions to this charitable foundation in 1998.
In March 1997, the Company made a secured loan of $10 million to Lynch
Corporation, an affiliate of the Chairman and CEO of the Company, which
accrued interest at the prime rate and included a 1% commitment fee. The
loan and all accrued interest were repaid in June 1997.
In February 1998, the Company guaranteed a $30 million loan made by a
bank to Rivgam LMDS, LLC, an entity in which Mr. Gabelli is the Managing
Member and in which he has a 71% ownership interest. Such loan and interest
thereon was repaid in April 1998 thereby relieving the Company of its
obligation under the guarantee.
In 1998 the Company transferred to Lynch Corporation, in exchange for
certain services provided, a PCS license with a cost basis of $674,000. The
estimated fair market value of the PCS license at the time of the transfer
was approximately $1,000,000.
K. Financial Requirements
The Company is required to maintain minimum capital levels with
affiliated partnerships. At December 31, 1998, the minimum capital
requirements approximated $1,369,000. In addition, at December 31, 1998,
the Company had commitments to make investments in unaffiliated
partnerships of approximately $576,000.
As a registered broker-dealer, Gabelli & Company is subject to Uniform
Net Capital Rule 15c3-1 (the "Rule") of the Securities and Exchange
Commission. Gabelli & Company computes its net capital under the
alternative method permitted by the Rule which requires minimum net capital
of $250,000. At December 31, 1998, Gabelli & Company had net capital in
excess of the minimum requirement of approximately $14,245,000.
L. Administration Fees
The Company has entered into administration agreements with other
companies (the "Administrators"), whereby the Administrators provide
certain services on behalf of several of the Funds. Such services do not
include the investment advisory and portfolio management services provided
by the Company. The fees are negotiated based on predetermined percentages
of the net assets of each of the Funds for which such agreements have been
entered into.
M. Profit Sharing Plan and Incentive Savings Plan
The Company has a qualified contributory employee profit sharing plan
and incentive savings plan covering substantially all employees. Company
contributions to the plans are determined annually by the Board of
Directors but may not exceed the amount permitted as a deductible expense
under the Internal Revenue Code. The Company accrued contributions of
approximately $121,000, $80,000 and $50,000 to the plans for the years
ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, respectively.
N. Derivative Financial Instruments
During 1997 and 1998, the Company's trading activities included
transactions in domestic equity index futures contracts. These financial
instruments represent future commitments to purchase or sell an underlying
index for specified amounts at specified future dates. Such contracts
create off-balance sheet risk for the Company as the future satisfaction of
these contracts may be for amounts in excess of the amounts recognized in
the consolidated statements of financial condition.
The amounts disclosed below represent the notional amounts outstanding,
end of year fair values and average fair values of domestic equity index
futures contracts sold as of and for the years ended December 31, 1997 and
1998:
Notional Average Fair
Amounts Value for the
Outstanding At Fair Value At Year Ended
Year December 31 December 31 December 31
------ ------------------ ------------- -------------
(In thousands)
1998 $26,456 $(1,568) $(741)
1997 $33,246 $ 202 $(776)
At December 31, 1997 and 1998, the Company had margin deposits of
approximately $1,470,000 and $1,413,000, respectively, with a futures
broker for these open futures contracts.
In connection with this futures activity, the Company incurred losses
of approximately $3,692,000, $8,063,000 and $4,749,000 during the years
ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 respectively. Such losses are
reflected as part of net gain (loss) from investments in the consolidated
statements of income.
O. PCS Licenses
The Company, through Rivgam, purchased PCS licenses auctioned by the
FCC in 1997. The PCS licenses are valued at the lower of their original
purchase cost or their market value. Market values are determined based
upon the most recent public auction for similar licenses, fair value
estimates provided by independent companies that solicit bids for such
licenses or bids received from unaffiliated potential acquirers.
During 1998, the Company sold certain of its PCS licenses with a cost
basis of $51,551,000. The Company recorded a pre-tax gain of approximately
$17,600,000, net of investment banking, management and other related fees
of approximately $10,800,000 paid principally to related parties, of which
$4,196,000 was paid to the Company's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer.
P. Subsequent Events (Unaudited)
Initial Public Offering (Formation Transactions)
On February 11, 1999, the Company sold 6 million shares of its Class A
Common Stock through an initial public offering at $17.50 per share,
receiving proceeds of approximately $96 million after fees and expenses.
Immediately after the Offering the Company had 30 million shares of common
stock issued and outstanding.
After completion of the Offering, the Company is no longer treated as
an "S" corporation and will be subject to corporate income taxes.
Immediately preceding the Offering and in conjunction with the
Reorganization, the Company and its Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
entered into an Employment Agreement. The Employment Agreement provides
that the Company will pay the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 10% of
the Company's aggregate pre-tax profits while he is an executive of the
Company and devoting the substantial majority of his working time to the
business of the Company. The Employment Agreement further provides that the
Company will pay the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer $50 million on
January 2, 2002, plus interest payable quarterly at an annual rate of 6%
from the date of the Employment Agreement.
Stock Award and Incentive Plan
On February 10, 1999, the Board of Directors adopted the 1999 Gabelli
Asset Management Inc. Stock Award and Incentive Plan (the "Plan"), designed
to provide incentives which will attract and retain individuals key to the
success of GAMI through direct or indirect ownership of GAMI's common
stock. Benefits under the Plan may be granted in any one or a combination
of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted
stock units, stock awards, dividend equivalents and other stock or cash
based awards. A maximum of 1,500,000 shares Class A Common Stock has been
reserved for issuance and the Plan provides that the terms and conditions
of each award are to be determined by a committee of the Board of Directors
charged with administering the Plan. Under the Plan, the committee may
grant either incentive or nonqualified stock options with a term not to
exceed ten years from the grant date and at an exercise price that the
committee may determine. Options granted under the Plan vest 75% after
three years and 100% after four years from the date of grant and expire
after ten years.
Options were granted to all full time employees to purchase 1,124,500
shares and to a non-employee director to purchase 10,000 shares of common
stock at an exercise price of $16.28 per share. There are 365,500 shares
available for future equity awards after consideration of these February
1999 awards.
The Company has elected to account for stock options under the
intrinsic value method. Under the intrinsic value method, compensation
expense is recognized only if the exercise price of the employee stock
option is less than the market price of the underlying stock on the date of
grant. The estimated pro forma compensation expense attributable to options
granted to employees under the Plan is not presented as its effect is
immaterial.
GABELLI ASSET MANAGEMENT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1998
This exposure is reduced by the clearing brokers' policy of obtaining and
maintaining adequate collateral until the open transaction is completed.
Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents consist of investments in money market mutual funds.
Investments in Securities
Investments in securities are accounted for as "trading securities" and
are stated at quoted market values. Securities which are not readily
marketable are stated at their estimated fair values as determined by the
Company's management. The resulting unrealized gains and losses are
included in net gain from investments. Security transactions and any
related gains and losses are recorded on a trade date basis. Realized gains
and losses from securities transactions are recorded on the identified cost
basis.
The Company periodically enters into short sales. Securities sold short
are stated at quoted market values and represent obligations of the Company
to purchase the securities at prevailing market prices. The ultimate gains
or losses recognized are dependent upon the prices at which these
securities are purchased to settle the obligations under the sales
commitments.
Investments in Partnerships and Affiliates
Investments in partnerships, whose underlying assets consist of
marketable securities, and investments in affiliates are accounted for
using the equity method, under which the Company's share of net earnings or
losses of these partnerships and affiliated entities is reflected in income
as earned and distributions received are reductions of the investments.
Investments in partnerships for which market values are not readily
available are valued at fair value as determined by the Company's
management.
Receivable from Broker
Receivable from broker includes cash and receivables for securities
sold. At December 31, 1998, a substantial portion of this balance
represents required margin deposits for securities sold, but not yet
purchased.
Investment Advisory Fees
Investment advisory fees are based on predetermined percentages of the
market values of the portfolios under management and are recognized as
revenue as the related services are performed.
Depreciation and Amortization
Fixed assets are depreciated using the straight-line method over their
estimated useful lives. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the
straight-line method over their estimated useful lives or lease terms,
whichever is shorter.
Intangible Assets
The cost in excess of net assets acquired is amortized on a
straight-line basis over ten years. The carrying value of cost in excess of
net assets acquired is reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes
in circumstances indicate that it may not be recoverable based upon
expectations of operating income and non-discounted cash flows over its
remaining life. Accumulated amortization at December 31, 1997 and 1998 was
$148,000 and $356,000, respectively.
Minority Interest
Minority interest represents the minority stockholders' ownership of
GAMCO for 1996, Fixed Income for 1997 and 1998 and GSI and Advisers for
1996, 1997 and 1998. With the exception of GSI, these minority stockholders
are principally employees, officers and directors of the Company.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
At December 31, 1997 and 1998, substantially all financial instruments
are carried at amounts which approximate fair value.
Earnings Per Share
The Company has not presented historical earnings per share due to the
significant changes in its operations which are not reflected in the
historical financial statements. (See Note P.) The Company prospectively
will apply Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 128,
"Earnings Per Share". Basic earnings per common share is calculated by
dividing net income applicable to common stockholders by the weighted
average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per
share is computed using the treasury stock method. Diluted earnings per
common share assumes full dilution and is computed by dividing net income
by the total of the weighted average number of shares of common stock
outstanding and common stock equivalents.
Business Segments
The Company has not presented business segment data, in accordance with
SFAS No. 131 "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information," because it operates predominantly in one business segment,
the investment advisory and asset management business.
Distribution Costs
The Company incurs certain promotion and distribution costs, which are
expensed as incurred, related to the sale of shares of mutual funds advised
by the Company (the "Funds").
Comprehensive Income
The Company has not presented a consolidated statement of comprehensive
income in accordance with SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income,"
because it does not have any items of "other comprehensive income".
Reclassifications
Certain items previously reported have been reclassified to
conform with the current year's financial statement presentation.
B. Investments in Securities
Investments in securities at December 31, 1997 and 1998 consist of the
following:
1997 1998
---- ----
Market Market
Cost Value Cost Value
---- ------ ---- ------
(In Thousands)
U.S. Government obligations
$ 6,229 $ 6,352 $14,280 $14,402
Common stocks 13,551 19,895 19,466 25,772
Mutual funds 21,265 25,707 36,126 42,032
Preferred stocks 300 1,038 285 1,521
Other investments 862 3,615 75 75
-------- -------- ------- -------
$ 42,207 $ 56,607 $70,232 $83,802
======== ======== ======= =======
C. Investments in Partnerships and Affiliates
The Company is a co-General Partner of various limited partnerships
whose underlying assets consist primarily of marketable securities. As
co-General Partner, the Company is contingently liable for all of the
partnerships' liabilities. Summary financial information, including the
Company's carrying value and income from these partnerships at December 31,
1997 and 1998 and for the years then ended, is as follows (in thousands):
1997 1998
---- ----
Total assets $131,281 $143,933
Total liabilities 1,458 7,067
Equity 129,823 136,866
Net earnings 12,073 10,252
Company's carrying value 14,479 15,334
Company's income 3,065 2,162
Income from the above partnerships for the year ended December 31, 1996
was approximately $1,944,000.
The Company's income from these partnerships consists of its pro rata
capital allocation and its share of a 20% incentive allocation from the
limited partners. The general partners also receive an annual
administrative fee based on a percentage of each partnership's net assets.
For the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, the Company earned
administrative fees of approximately $820,000, $1,085,000 and $1,177,000,
respectively.
At December 31, 1997 and 1998, the Company had various limited partner
interests in unaffiliated limited partnerships aggregating approximately
$32,332,000 and $35,347,000, respectively. For the years ended December 31,
1996, 1997 and 1998, the net gains (losses) recorded by the Company in
these investments approximated $3,722,000, $5,666,000 and, ($659,000),
respectively.
Prior to April 14, 1997, the Company was a 50% general partner in two
investment advisory companies, one which managed fixed income mutual funds
and the other which managed separate accounts. In addition, it had a 49%
investment in a related broker-dealer. These investments were accounted for
using the equity method. On April 14, 1997, through the acquisition of the
general partnership interests held by the other general partner and
a reorganization into Fixed Income, the Company increased its ownership
stake in these companies to approximately 80%. This transaction resulted in
the recognition of approximately $2,080,000 of cost in excess of net assets
acquired, which is being amortized over a period of 10 years. The results
of Fixed Income's operations are included in the consolidated statements of
income effective April 14, 1997. For the years ended December 31, 1996 and
1997, the Company recorded equity income (loss) from these entities of
approximately $331,000 and $(109,000), respectively. Pro forma information
relating to this transaction is not presented because its effect is
immaterial.
D. Notes Receivable
At December 31, 1997 and 1998, the Company had full recourse notes and
interest receivable from directors of GAMCO in the amount of approximately
$1,666,000 and, $1,532,000 respectively, which are secured by the
directors' ownership interests in the Company and various affiliates. The
notes bear interest at an annual rate of 7% and are payable on demand.
At both December 31, 1997 and 1998 the Company had a note receivable of
approximately $603,000 from an affiliated entity in which the Company has a
49.9% ownership interest. Under the terms of the note, 15% of the realized
net profits of the affiliate are payable to the Company. The note is
secured by a security interest in all of the assets of the affiliate, which
consist primarily of Wireless Communications Service ("WCS") licenses. For
the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1998 the Company did not record any
income under the terms of the note.
At December 31, 1997, the Company had a note receivable from an entity
controlled by certain stockholders of the Company in the amount of
$3,600,000. The note bears interest at an annual rate of 7%. All principal
and interest due on the note was repaid in 1998.
The Company has approximately $2,464,000 and $11,775,000 in various
other notes and interest receivable outstanding at December 31, 1997 and
1998 from certain executive officers, directors and employees in connection
with the acquisition of stock and other ownership interests in the Company.
Interest rates on these notes range from 5% to 10%.
E. Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under the liability method
prescribed by SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes". Deferred tax
assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences
attributable to the differences between the financial statement carrying
amount of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases.
GFI and GSI each file separate income tax returns. Accordingly, the tax
provision represents the aggregate of the amounts provided for all
companies.
GFI elected to be treated as a Subchapter "S" corporation for federal
and state income tax purposes effective January 1, 1995. As a result of
converting from a taxable "C" corporation to a nontaxable "S" corporation,
a federal income tax will be imposed on any "built-in gain" recognized by
GFI on the disposition of assets within ten years from the date of
conversion. GFI retained its existing deferred tax liability at the date of
conversion to the extent of the estimated built-in gains tax. This tax
liability is subject to remeasurement at each financial statement date
until the end of the ten-year period. On January 1, 1997, GFI elected to
treat GAMCO as a Qualified Subchapter "S" subsidiary for Federal and state
income tax purposes.
The provision (benefit) for income taxes for the years ended December
31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 consisted of the following:
1996 1997 1998
---- ---- ----
(In thousands)
Federal:
Current $6,232 $2,399 $4,668
Deferred (93) (8) (607)
State and local:
Current 1,514 628 1,398
Deferred (22) 58 (8)
------ ------ ------
$7,631 $3,077 $5,451
====== ====== ======
The Company's deferred income tax liability at December 31, 1997 and
1998 relates primarily to unrealized gains and losses on investments in
securities and partnerships.
The Company's provision for income taxes differs from the amount of
income tax determined by applying the applicable U.S. federal statutory
income tax rate to income before income taxes and minority interest
principally due to GFI's status as a Subchapter "S" corporation. Subsequent
to the Offering the Company will be taxed as a "C" Corporation for Federal
and state income tax purposes which will substantially increase the tax
expense in future years.
F. Bank Loan and Notes Payable
In 1997, the Company, through Rivgam Communicators, LLC ("Rivgam"), a
wholly-owned subsidiary of GAMCO, entered into a credit facility with The
Chase Manhattan Bank under which Rivgam borrowed $30 million. Interest was
variable based upon changes in the London Interbank Offering Rate or the
Federal Funds Rate. All principal and interest on the loan was repaid on
April 3, 1998.
At December 31, 1997 and 1998, the Company had notes payable
outstanding of approximately $4,900,000, which mature on May 31, 2003,
unless certain circumstances arise which allow for an accelerated
repayment.
The notes accrue interest at 2% over the prime rate, subject to a
minimum interest rate of 9% and a maximum interest rate of 15%, payable
quarterly. Interest expense on these notes amounted to approximately
$636,000, $557,000 and $512,000 for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997
and 1998, respectively.
On December 31, 1997, the Company had a note payable amounting to
$1,232,000 which had been issued as consideration for repurchase of the
Company's common stock. The note matured and was fully paid on January 2,
1998. The note accrued interest at an annual rate of 10%, payable
quarterly. Interest expense on this note amounted to approximately $31,000,
$123,000 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998,
respectively.
In connection with the restructuring of GAMCO's ownership, GAMCO issued
a note payable in 1997 of approximately $976,000 to an employee and
director of the Company and GAMCO, respectively, in consideration for
repurchase of GAMCO common stock. The note matures on January 2, 2000,
unless certain circumstances arise which allow for an accelerated
repayment. GAMCO also has the option to redeem the note at any time prior
to maturity at predetermined rates. The note accrues interest at an annual
rate of 12%, payable quarterly. Interest expense on this note amounted to
approximately $117,000 and $117,000 for the years ended December 31, 1997
and 1998, respectively.
G. Stockholders' Equity
Upon their disassociation with the Company, certain stockholders of GFI
are required to sell their shares to GFI at book value (approximately $23.4
million at December 31, 1998). In addition, certain shareholders of GSI are
required to sell, upon disassociation with the Company, their shares to GSI
at book value or a price established by management (approximately $3.6
million at December 31, 1998).
H. Capital Lease
In December 1997, the Company signed an agreement to lease office space
from a company owned by stockholders of GFI. The Company has recorded a
capital lease asset and liability for the fair value of the leased
property. Amortization of the capital lease is computed on the
straight-line method over the term of the lease, which expires on April 30,
2013. The lease provides that all operating expenses relating to the
property (such as property taxes, utilities and maintenance) are to be paid
by the lessee, the Company.
Future minimum lease payments for this capitalized property at December
31, 1998 are as follows:
(In thousands)
1999................................. $ 720
2000................................. 720
2001................................. 720
2002................................. 720
2003................................. 756
Thereafter........................... 7,140
------
Total minimum obligations............ 10,776
------
Interest............................. 3,991
------
Present value of net obligations..... $6,785
======
Lease payments under this agreement amounted to approximately $50,000
and $720,000 for the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively.
Future minimum lease payments have not been reduced by related minimum
future sublease rentals of approximately $1,504,000, of which approximately
$356,000 is due from an affiliated entity.
Total minimum obligations exclude the operating expenses to be borne by
the Company, which are estimated to be approximately $400,000 per year.
I. Commitments
The Company rents office space under leases which expire at various
dates through 2001. Future minimum lease commitments under these operating
leases as of December 31, 1998 are as follows:
(In thousands)
1999........... $ 642
2000........... 627
2001........... 593
------
$1,862
======
Equipment rentals and occupancy expense amounted to approximately
$1,457,000, $1,644,000 and $1,502,000 respectively, for the years ended
December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998.
J. Related Party Transactions
GFI serves as the investment adviser for the Funds and earns advisory
fees based on predetermined percentages of the average net assets of the
Funds. In addition, Gabelli & Company has entered into distribution
agreements with each of the Funds. As principal distributor, Gabelli &
Company incurs certain promotional and distribution costs related to the
sale of Fund shares, for which it receives a fee or reimbursement from the
Funds.
The Company had an aggregate investment in the Funds of approximately
$34,464,000 and $88,878,000 at December 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively, of
which approximately $11,305,000 and $48,622,000, respectively, is invested
in a money market mutual fund. Gabelli & Company earns a majority of its
commission revenue from transactions executed on behalf of clients of
affiliated companies.
The Company was required to pay the Chairman of the Board and Chief
Executive Officer a management fee which is equal to 20% of the pretax
profits of each of the Company's operating divisions before consideration
of this management fee. This fee approximated $10,192,000, $10,580,000 and
$12,246,000 for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998,
respectively. The Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer also
received portfolio management compensation and account executive fees of
approximately $21,260,000, $23,005,000 and $30,105,000 for the years ended
December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, respectively, which have been included in
compensation costs.
The Company contributed approximately $1,628,000 and $1,014,000 for the
years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997, respectively, to an accredited
charitable foundation, of which the Chairman of the Board and Chief
Executive Officer of the Company is an officer. The Company did not make
any contributions to this charitable foundation in 1998.
In March 1997, the Company made a secured loan of $10 million to Lynch
Corporation, an affiliate of the Chairman and CEO of the Company, which
accrued interest at the prime rate and included a 1% commitment fee. The
loan and all accrued interest were repaid in June 1997.
In February 1998, the Company guaranteed a $30 million loan made by a
bank to Rivgam LMDS, LLC, an entity in which Mr. Gabelli is the Managing
Member and in which he has a 71% ownership interest. Such loan and interest
thereon was repaid in April 1998 thereby relieving the Company of its
obligation under the guarantee.
In 1998 the Company transferred to Lynch Corporation, in exchange for
certain services provided, a PCS license with a cost basis of $674,000. The
estimated fair market value of the PCS license at the time of the transfer
was approximately $1,000,000.
K. Financial Requirements
The Company is required to maintain minimum capital levels with
affiliated partnerships. At December 31, 1998, the minimum capital
requirements approximated $1,369,000. In addition, at December 31, 1998,
the Company had commitments to make investments in unaffiliated
partnerships of approximately $576,000.
As a registered broker-dealer, Gabelli & Company is subject to Uniform
Net Capital Rule 15c3-1 (the "Rule") of the Securities and Exchange
Commission. Gabelli & Company computes its net capital under the
alternative method permitted by the Rule which requires minimum net capital
of $250,000. At December 31, 1998, Gabelli & Company had net capital in
excess of the minimum requirement of approximately $14,245,000.
L. Administration Fees
The Company has entered into administration agreements with other
companies (the "Administrators"), whereby the Administrators provide
certain services on behalf of several of the Funds. Such services do not
include the investment advisory and portfolio management services provided
by the Company. The fees are negotiated based on predetermined percentages
of the net assets of each of the Funds for which such agreements have been
entered into.
M. Profit Sharing Plan and Incentive Savings Plan
The Company has a qualified contributory employee profit sharing plan
and incentive savings plan covering substantially all employees. Company
contributions to the plans are determined annually by the Board of
Directors but may not exceed the amount permitted as a deductible expense
under the Internal Revenue Code. The Company accrued contributions of
approximately $121,000, $80,000 and $50,000 to the plans for the years
ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998, respectively.
N. Derivative Financial Instruments
During 1997 and 1998, the Company's trading activities included
transactions in domestic equity index futures contracts. These financial
instruments represent future commitments to purchase or sell an underlying
index for specified amounts at specified future dates. Such contracts
create off-balance sheet risk for the Company as the future satisfaction of
these contracts may be for amounts in excess of the amounts recognized in
the consolidated statements of financial condition.
The amounts disclosed below represent the notional amounts outstanding,
end of year fair values and average fair values of domestic equity index
futures contracts sold as of and for the years ended December 31, 1997 and
1998:
Notional Average Fair
Amounts Value for the
Outstanding At Fair Value At Year Ended
Year December 31 December 31 December 31
------ ------------------ ------------- -------------
(In thousands)
1998 $26,456 $(1,568) $(741)
1997 $33,246 $ 202 $(776)
At December 31, 1997 and 1998, the Company had margin deposits of
approximately $1,470,000 and $1,413,000, respectively, with a futures
broker for these open futures contracts.
In connection with this futures activity, the Company incurred losses
of approximately $3,692,000, $8,063,000 and $4,749,000 during the years
ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998 respectively. Such losses are
reflected as part of net gain (loss) from investments in the consolidated
statements of income.
O. PCS Licenses
The Company, through Rivgam, purchased PCS licenses auctioned by the
FCC in 1997. The PCS licenses are valued at the lower of their original
purchase cost or their market value. Market values are determined based
upon the most recent public auction for similar licenses, fair value
estimates provided by independent companies that solicit bids for such
licenses or bids received from unaffiliated potential acquirers.
During 1998, the Company sold certain of its PCS licenses with a cost
basis of $51,551,000. The Company recorded a pre-tax gain of approximately
$17,600,000, net of investment banking, management and other related fees
of approximately $10,800,000 paid principally to related parties, of which
$4,196,000 was paid to the Company's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer.
P. Subsequent Events (Unaudited)
Initial Public Offering (Formation Transactions)
On February 11, 1999, the Company sold 6 million shares of its Class A
Common Stock through an initial public offering at $17.50 per share,
receiving proceeds of approximately $96 million after fees and expenses.
Immediately after the Offering the Company had 30 million shares of common
stock issued and outstanding.
After completion of the Offering, the Company is no longer treated as
an "S" corporation and will be subject to corporate income taxes.
Immediately preceding the Offering and in conjunction with the
Reorganization, the Company and its Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
entered into an Employment Agreement. The Employment Agreement provides
that the Company will pay the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 10% of
the Company's aggregate pre-tax profits while he is an executive of the
Company and devoting the substantial majority of his working time to the
business of the Company. The Employment Agreement further provides that the
Company will pay the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer $50 million on
January 2, 2002, plus interest payable quarterly at an annual rate of 6%
from the date of the Employment Agreement.
Stock Award and Incentive Plan
On February 10, 1999, the Board of Directors adopted the 1999 Gabelli
Asset Management Inc. Stock Award and Incentive Plan (the "Plan"), designed
to provide incentives which will attract and retain individuals key to the
success of GAMI through direct or indirect ownership of GAMI's common
stock. Benefits under the Plan may be granted in any one or a combination
of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted
stock units, stock awards, dividend equivalents and other stock or cash
based awards. A maximum of 1,500,000 shares Class A Common Stock has been
reserved for issuance and the Plan provides that the terms and conditions
of each award are to be determined by a committee of the Board of Directors
charged with administering the Plan. Under the Plan, the committee may
grant either incentive or nonqualified stock options with a term not to
exceed ten years from the grant date and at an exercise price that the
committee may determine. Options granted under the Plan vest 75% after
three years and 100% after four years from the date of grant and expire
after ten years.
Options were granted to all full time employees to purchase 1,124,500
shares and to a non-employee director to purchase 10,000 shares of common
stock at an exercise price of $16.28 per share. There are 365,500 shares
available for future equity awards after consideration of these February
1999 awards.
The Company has elected to account for stock options under the
intrinsic value method. Under the intrinsic value method, compensation
expense is recognized only if the exercise price of the employee stock
option is less than the market price of the underlying stock on the date of
grant. The estimated pro forma compensation expense attributable to options
granted to employees under the Plan is not presented as its effect is
immaterial.
GABELLI ASSET MANAGEMENT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DECEMBER 31, 1998
The following unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information
gives effect to assets and liabilities assumed to be distributed as part of
the Reorganization and the resulting impact on allocated income and
expenses; the $50 million
deferred payment to the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer net of
deferred tax benefit; the reduction in the management fee from 20% to 10%
pursuant to the Employment Agreement; and the conversion from an "S"
corporation to a "C" corporation.
The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information does not
purport to represent the results of operations or the financial position of
the Company which actually would have occurred had the Reorganization and
Formation Transactions been previously consummated or project the results
of operations or the financial position of the Company for any future date
or period. The pro forma information does not reflect the $96 million in
net cash proceeds received upon completion of the Offering.
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
PRO FORMA
AS REPORTED ADJUSTMENTS PRO FORMA
(IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
REVENUES
Investment advisory and incentive fees..... $ 116,358 $ 116,358
Commission revenue......................... 8,673 8,673
Distribution fees and other income......... 13,156 13,156
------------ -------------
Total revenues................... 138,187 138,187
------------ -------------
EXPENSES
Compensation costs......................... 56,046 $ 55,824
(222) (c)
Management fee............................. 12,246 (6,597) (a) 5,997
348 (b)
Other operating expenses................... 24,883 (1,735) (c) 23,148
------------ -------------
Total expenses................... 93,175 84,969
Operating income........................... 45,012 53,218
------------ -------------
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
Net gain (loss) from investments........... (1,103) 4,438 (d) 3,335
Gain on sale of PCS licenses, net..................
17,614 (17,614)(d) --
Interest and dividend income............... 5,117 (3,976)(d) 1,141
Interest expense........................... (2,212) 1,496 (d) (3,716)
(3,000)(e)
Total other income, net.......... 19,416 760
------------ -------------
Income before income taxes and minority
interest...................................
64,428 53,978
Income taxes............................... 5,451 15,948(f) 21,399
Minority interest.......................... 1,710 1,710
------------ -------------
Net income................................. $ 57,267 $ 30,869
============= =============
NET INCOME PER SHARE:
Basic and diluted..................... $
=
1.03
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING:
Basic and diluted..................... 30,000
===============
- ----------
(a) To adjust the management fee to reflect the Employment Agreement, which
provides for a reduction in the fee from 20% to 10% of pre-tax profits.
(b) To adjust the management fee for the impact of the other pro forma
adjustments.
(c) To reflect the reallocation of expenses to the new parent company.
(d) To reflect the effect on income and expenses related to the
distribution of assets and liabilities.
(e) To reflect interest expense on the $50 million note payable to the
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer.
(f) To record additional taxes related to conversion from an "S"
corporation to a "C" corporation and other pro forma adjustments.
GABELLI ASSET MANAGEMENT INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
DECEMBER 31, 1998
Pro Forma
As Reported Adjustments Pro Forma
----------- ----------- ---------
(In thousands, except share data)
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents $ 50,222 $ (4,144)(a) $ 46,078
Investments in securities 83,802 (67,097)(a) 16,705
Investments in partnerships 49,795 (32,924)(a) 16,871
PCS licenses 33,311 (33,311)(a) --
Receivable from broker............................. 13,463 (13,337)(a) 126
Investment advisory fees receivable 8,851 -- 8,851
Notes and other receivables from affiliates 5,178 (738)(a) 4,440
Capital lease 3,433 -- 3,433
Intangible assets, net............................. 1,724 -- 1,724
Other receivables 1,226 (730)(a) 496
Other assets 3,670 (127)(a) 23,373
19,830(b)
---------- -------- --------
Total assets $ 254,675 $132,578 $122,097
========== ======== ========
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Securities sold short, but not yet purchased $ 13,011 (13,006)(a) $ 5
Payable to related party -- 50,000(b) $ 50,000
Notes payable 5,876 (5,876)(a) --
Income taxes payable (including deferred income taxes) 3,300 15,399(c) 18,699
Capital lease obligation 3,614 -- 3,614
Compensation payable 5,118 -- 5,118
Accrued expenses and other liabilities 16,729 975(a) 17,704
--------- -------- -------
Total liabilities 47,648 47,492 95,140
========= ======== =======
Minority interest 12,127 -- 12,127
Stockholder's equity:
Common Stock, $.01 par value; authorized 1,000,000
shares; issued and outstanding 185,937 and
196,537 shares, respectively 2 (2)(a) --
Class A Common Stock, $.001 par value; authorized
100,000,000 shares; none issued..................... -- --
Class B Common Stock, $.001 par value; authorized,
100,000,000 shares; 24,000,000 shares issued and
outstanding............................................ -- 24(a) 24
Additional paid-in capital 21,471 1,701(a) 23,172
Retained earnings 184,141 (162,337)(a)
(30,170)(b) (8,366)
Notes receivable (10,714) 10,714(a) --
--------- -------- -------
Total stockholders' equity....... 194,900 (180,070) 14,830
--------- -------- -------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity. $ 254,675 $ 132,578 $122,097
========== ========= ========
- ----------------------
(a) To reflect the stock issued and the assets and liabilities assumed to
be distributed in connection with the Formation Transactions.
(b) To record the $50 million payment, net of $19.8 million deferred tax
benefit, to the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer upon consummation
of the Offering.
(c) To record additional taxes related to conversion from an "S"
corporation to a "C" corporation and the effect of other pro forma
adjustments.
Item 9: Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure.
Not applicable.
PART III
Item 10: Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.
Directors and Executive Officers
The following table sets forth certain information (ages as of
April 30, 1999) concerning the Company's directors and executive officers.
All directors serve terms of one year or until the election of their
respective successors. All of the directors of the Company have served as
directors since the Company's formation in 1998.
Name Age Position
Mario J. Gabelli.................... 56 Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Investment Officer, Director
Stephen G. Bondi.................... 40 Executive Vice President--Finance and Administration
James E. McKee...................... 35 Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
Robert S. Zuccaro................... 42 Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Douglas R. Jamieson................. 44 Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of
GAMCO
Bruce N. Alpert..................... 47 Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of
Funds Adviser
Charles C. Baum..................... 57 Director
Richard B. Black.................... 65 Director
Eamon M. Kelly...................... 62 Director
Karl Otto Pohl...................... 69 Director
Mario J. Gabelli has served as Chairman, Chief Executive Officer
and Chief Investment Officer of the Company since November 1976. In
connection with those responsibilities, he serves as Chairman and/or
President of thirteen registered investment companies managed by Funds
Adviser and as the primary Portfolio Manager for a significant majority of
the Company's assets under management. Mr. Gabelli also serves as a
Governor of the American Stock Exchange, Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer of Lynch Corporation, a public company engaged in multimedia,
specialized transportation and manufacturing and as a director of East/West
Communications, Inc., a publicly-held communications services company. In
addition, Mr. Gabelli is the sole employee of MJG Associates, Inc., which
acts as a general partner of an equity fund, Gabelli Performance
Partnership L.P., and investment manager of various offshore investment
companies and other accounts. Prior to founding the Company, Mr. Gabelli
served as a research analyst at William D. Witter from 1975 through 1977
and as a Vice President of Loeb, Rhoades & Co. from 1967 through 1975. Mr.
Gabelli received a B.S. from Fordham University and an M.B.A. from Columbia
University Graduate School of Business.
Stephen G. Bondi joined the Company in 1982 and has served as
Executive Vice President--Finance and Administration of the Company since
1997 and from 1982 to 1997 as a financial officer in various capacities.
Mr. Bondi also serves as Vice President of GAMCO, GSI and Gabelli & Company
and is a director of Gabelli & Company. Prior to joining the Company, Mr.
Bondi was an accountant with the accounting firm of Spicer & Oppenheim. He
holds a B.B.A. in Accounting from Hofstra University, received an M.B.A.
from Columbia University Graduate School of Business and is a Certified
Public Accountant.
James E. McKee has served as Vice President, General Counsel and
Secretary of the Company since August 1995 and as Vice President, General
Counsel and Secretary of GAMCO since December 1993. Mr. McKee also serves
as Secretary of the Company's subsidiaries and all of the Mutual Funds
except the Treasurer's Funds. Prior to joining the Company, he was a Branch
Chief with the Commission in New York from 1992 to 1993 and a Staff
Attorney with the Commission from 1989 through 1992, where he worked on
matters involving registered investment advisers and investment companies.
Mr. McKee received a B.A. from the University of Michigan and a J.D. from
the University of Virginia School of Law.
Robert S. Zuccaro has served as Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer of the Company since June 1, 1998. Prior to joining the Company, he
was Vice President and Treasurer of Cybex International, Inc., an
international, publicly held manufacturer of medical, rehabilitative and
fitness products, from 1992 to 1997, and served as its Corporate Controller
from 1984 to 1997. Mr. Zuccaro was previously with Shearson Lehman Bros.
from 1983 to 1984 and with Ernst & Young from 1979 to 1983. Mr. Zuccaro
received a B.S. in Accounting from C.W. Post College and is a Certified
Public Accountant.
Douglas R. Jamieson has served as Executive Vice President and
Chief Operating Officer of GAMCO since 1986 and as a director since 1991.
Mr. Jamieson was an investment analyst with the Company from 1981 to 1986.
Mr. Jamieson received a B.A. from Bucknell University and an M.B.A.
from Columbia University Graduate School of Business.
Bruce N. Alpert has served as Vice President and Chief Operating
Officer of Funds Adviser since June 1988 and was appointed Executive Vice
President and Chief Operating Officer of Funds Adviser on January 1, 1999.
Mr. Alpert is an officer of all of the Mutual Funds. Mr. Alpert is also a
director of Gabelli Advisers, Inc. Prior to June 1988 he worked at the
InterCapital Division of Dean Witter from 1986 to 1988 as Vice President
and Treasurer of the Mutual Funds sponsored by Dean Witter. From 1983
through 1986 he worked at Smith Barney Harris Upham & Co. as Vice President
in the Financial Services Division and as Vice President and Treasurer of
Mutual Funds sponsored by Smith Barney. Mr. Alpert also was an Audit
Manager and Specialist at Price Waterhouse in the Investment Company
Industry Services Group from 1975 through 1983. Mr. Alpert received a B.S.
in Management Science and an M.B.A. from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
and is a Certified Public Accountant.
Charles C. Baum joined the Company's Board of Directors in October
1992. Mr. Baum has also served since August 1992 as Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer of The Morgan Group, Inc., a transportation services
company and subsidiary of Lynch Corporation, and as Treasurer of United
Holdings Co., Inc. and its predecessors and affiliates since 1973. United
Holdings Co., Inc. was involved in the metal business until 1990 when it
shifted focus to concentrate on investments in real estate and securities.
Mr. Baum is also a director of United Holdings Co.; Shapiro Robinson &
Associates, a firm which represents professional athletes; and Municipal
Mortgage and Equity LLC, a company engaged in the business of mortgage
financing. Mr. Baum received an A.B. from Princeton University, an M.B.A.
from Harvard Business School and an LLB from Maryland Law School.
Richard B. Black originally joined the Company's Board of
Directors in November 1982. He currently serves as President and director
of Oak Technology, Inc., an international supplier of semiconductors, as
well as Chairman and Director of ECRM, Incorporated, an international
supplier of electronic imaging devices to the publishing and graphic arts
industries. Mr. Black also serves as a director of Benedetto, Gartland &
Greene, Inc.; General Scanning, Inc.; Grand Eagle Companies, Inc.; and The
Morgan Group, Inc. Mr. Black was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of AM
International, Inc. from 1981 to 1982; President and Chief Executive
Officer of Alusuisse of America (Swiss Aluminum of America) from 1979 to
1981; and Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of
Maremont Corporation, an automotive parts manufacturer with world-wide
distribution, from 1967 to 1979. Mr. Black received a B.S. in Engineering
from Texas A&M University and an M.B.A. from Harvard University, and he was
awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters Degree from Beloit College.
Eamon M. Kelly joined the Company's Board of Directors in October
1992. Dr. Kelly is currently serving as a Professor at the Payson Center
for International Development and Technology Transfer as well as in other
departments at Tulane University, New Orleans. From 1981 through July 1998,
he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Tulane University.
From 1974 to 1979, Dr. Kelly served in numerous positions, including
Officer-in-Charge of Program Related Investments at the Ford Foundation, a
philanthropic organization with initiatives in community and housing
development, communications and public television, resources and
environment, higher and public education, the arts and minority
enterprises. Dr. Kelly's career includes numerous appointments, most
recently, the appointments by President Clinton in 1995 to the National
Science Board (the governing board of the National Science Foundation) and
in 1994 to the National Security Education Board. Dr. Kelly received a B.S.
from Fordham University, and his M.S. and Ph.D. in Economics from Columbia
University.
Karl Otto Pohl joined the Company's Board of Directors in April
1998. Mr. Pohl is a member of the Shareholder Committee of Sal Oppenheim
Jr., & Cie., a private investment bank. Currently Mr. Pohl is a
director/trustee of all of the Mutual Funds and serves as a board member of
Zurich Versicherungs-Gesellshaft (Insurance), the International Council for
J.P. Morgan & Co. and TrizecHahn Corp. Mr. Pohl is a former President of
the Deutsche Bundesbank, Germany's Central Bank, and was Chairman of its
Central Bank Council from 1980 to 1991. He also served as German Governor
of the International Monetary Fund from 1980 to 1991 and as a Board Member
to the Bank for International Settlements. Mr. Pohl also served as Chairman
to the European Economic Community Central Bank Governors from 1990 to
1991. Mr. Pohl served as a director of Unilever (from 1992 to 1998), Royal
Dutch Shell (from 1992 to 1997) and other international companies. He
received a "Dipl. Volkswirt" from Gottingen University and was awarded with
honorary degrees from Georgetown University, London University, University
of Tel-Aviv and others.
Committees of the Board of Directors
The Company has established an Audit Committee comprised solely of
independent directors, a Compensation Committee and a Nominating Committee.
The Audit Committee, consisting of Richard B. Black and Eamon M. Kelly,
recommends the annual appointment of the Company's auditors, with whom the
Audit Committee will review the scope of audit and non-audit assignments
and related fees, accounting principles used by the Company in financial
reporting, internal auditing procedures and the adequacy of the Company's
internal control procedures. The Compensation Committee, consisting of
Richard B. Black and Eamon M. Kelly, administers the Company's 1999 Stock
Award and Incentive Plan and 1999 Annual Performance Incentive Plan and
makes recommendations to the Board of Directors regarding compensation for
the Company's executive officers. The Nominating Committee, consisting of
Mario J. Gabelli and Karl Otto Pohl, reviews the qualifications of
potential candidates for the Board of Directors, reports its findings to
the Board of Directors and proposes nominations for Board memberships for
approval by the Board of Directors and submission to the shareholders of
the Company for approval.
Item 11: Executive Compensation.
The following table sets forth certain compensation awarded to,
earned by or paid to the Company's Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Investment Officer and the four other most highly paid
executive officers of the Company who served as executive officers of the
Company as of December 31, 1998, for services rendered in all capacities to
the Company and its subsidiaries during 1998.
SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
Annual Compensation All Other
Name and Principal Position Year Salary Bonus Compensation
Mario J. Gabelli.................................... 1998 $42,351,316(a) $ 0 $ 955(b)
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer
and Chief Investment Officer
Douglas R. Jamieson................................. 1998 $ 1,330,465 $ 75,000 $ 955(c)
Executive Vice President and
Chief Operating Officer of GAMCO
Bruce N. Alpert..................................... 1998 $ 308,471 $600,000 $54,986(c)
Executive Vice President and Chief Operating
Officer of Funds Adviser
Stephen G. Bondi.................................... 1998 $ 300,000 $ 75,000 $ 7,130(c)
Executive Vice President -- Finance and
Administration
James E. McKee...................................... 1998 $ 300,000 $120,000 $ 7,130(c)
Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
- ----------------
(a) Represents the incentive-based management fee of $12,245,877 and
portfolio management and other variable compensation of
$30,105,439. Mr. Gabelli receives no fixed salary.
(b) Represents contributions made by the Company under its profit sharing
plan.
(c) Represents contributions made by the Company under its profit
sharing plan in the amount of $955 and the fair value of
subsidiary stock awards made to Messrs. Alpert, Bondi and McKee
worth $54,031, $6,175 and $6,175, respectively.
Employment Agreements
On February 9, 1999, Mr. Gabelli entered into an Employment
Agreement with the Company relating to his service as Chairman of the
Board, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Investment Officer of the Company, an
executive for certain subsidiaries and Portfolio Manager for certain Mutual
Funds and Separate Accounts. Under the Employment Agreement, Mr. Gabelli
receives, as compensation for managing or overseeing the management of
investment companies and the Partnerships, attracting mutual fund accounts,
attracting or managing Separate Accounts, providing investment banking
services, acting as a broker or otherwise generating revenues for the
Company, a percentage of revenues or net profits related to or generated by
such activities (which revenues or net profits are substantially derived
from assets under management). Such payments are made in a manner and at
rates as agreed to from time to time by Mr. Gabelli and the Company, which
rates have been and generally will be the same as those received by other
professionals in the Company performing similar services. With respect to
the Company's institutional and retail asset management, mutual fund
advisory and brokerage business, the Company generally pays out up to 40%
of the revenues or net profits to the portfolio managers, brokers and
marketing staff who service or generate such business, with payments
involving the Separate Accounts being typically based on revenues and
payments involving the Mutual Funds being typically based on net profits.
For example, during 1998, Mr. Gabelli received the following
compensation: (i) $15,760,084 (which represents approximately 52% of Mr.
Gabelli's revenue-based or net profit-based compensation of $30,105,439)
for acting as portfolio manager of several of the Mutual Funds; (ii)
$9,280,798 (which represents approximately 31% of his $30,105,439 of
revenue-based or net profit-based compensation) for acting as portfolio
manager and/or attracting and providing client service to a large number of
the Separate Accounts; (iii) $5,064,557 (which represents the remaining 17%
of his $30,105,439 of revenue-based or net profit-based compensation) for
providing other services, including acting as portfolio manager of the
Partnerships and as a broker; and (iv) $12,245,877 (which represents his
historical incentive-based management fee of 20% of the Company's pre-tax
profits rather than the 10% incentive-based management fee receivable under
the Employment Agreement discussed below).
Pursuant to the Employment Agreement, in addition to his revenue
or net profit-based compensation, Mr. Gabelli receives an incentive-based
management fee in the amount of 10% of the aggregate pre-tax profits, if
any, of the Company as computed for financial reporting purposes in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (before
consideration of this fee or the $50 million deferred payment described
below or any employment taxes thereon) so long as he is an executive of the
Company and devoting the substantial majority of his working time to its
business. This incentive-based management fee is subject to review at least
annually by an independent committee of the Board for compliance with the
terms hereof. Mr. Gabelli has agreed that while he is employed by the
Company or for five years from the consummation of the Offering, whichever
is longer, he will not provide investment management services outside of
the Company, except for the Permissible Accounts. Pursuant to the
Employment Agreement, Mr. Gabelli will also receive a deferred payment of
$50 million on January 2, 2002, plus interest payable quarterly at an
annual rate of 6%. Because these compensation arrangements were in
existence before the completion of the Offering, the $1.0 million
deductibility limit of Section 162(m) is generally not expected to apply to
the payments until the first meeting of the Company's shareholder at which
directors will be elected after December 31, 2002. Thereafter, while no
assurance can be given, the Company believes that it will be able to take
steps to allow for the continued deductibility of these payments pursuant
to the Employment Agreement. The Employment Agreement may not be amended
without the approval of an independent committee of the Board.
The Company has also entered into employment agreements and other
arrangements with several of its other key investment professionals which
are designed to retain them through variable compensation, equity
ownership, stock options, other incentives and non-solicitation or
non-compete provisions. For example, three of the Company's portfolio
managers have employment agreements with terms extending beyond January
2000 setting forth their compensation and incentive arrangements and
including certain restrictive covenants.
Compensation of Directors
Directors of the Company who are also employees receive no
additional compensation for their services as a director. Non-employee
directors did not receive fees for their service as directors in 1998,
although it is anticipated that non-employee directors will receive fees in
the future. The Company reimburses all directors of the Company for travel
expenses incurred in attending meetings of the Board of Directors and its
committees. Should the Company elect to issue shares of its Class A Common
Stock to non-employee directors either as payment or under the GAMI Stock
Award and Incentive Plan (described below) such issuance will result in
compensation expense based on the fair market value of such shares.
1999 Stock and Incentive Plans
Prior to the Offering, the Company adopted the Gabelli Asset
Management Inc. 1999 Stock Award and Incentive Plan (the "Plan"). Under the
Plan, a maximum of 1,500,000 shares of Class A Common Stock has been
reserved for issuance, distribution, recapitalization, stock split, reverse
split, reorganization, merger, consolidation, spin-off, combination, share
repurchase or exchange, or other similar corporate transaction or event.
Effective with the Offering, the Board of Directors of the Company
granted to certain employees (excluding Mr. Gabelli) and a non-employee
director stock options pursuant to the Plan to acquire 1,134,500 shares of
Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $16.275 per share (which
represented the public offering price of the Class A Common Stock, net of
the underwriting discount). These stock options will vest 75% after three
years and 100% after four years from February 10, 1999.
The Company has also adopted the Gabelli Asset Management Inc.
1999 Annual Performance Incentive Plan (the "Annual Plan"), pursuant to
which executive officers and professional staff members of the Company and
its subsidiaries will be eligible to receive annual incentive bonuses. The
Annual Plan will be administered by the Compensation Committee or a
subcommittee thereof. The Annual Plan will be effective for 1999 and each
of calendar years 2000, 2001 and 2002, after which time the Plan will
terminate, unless extended or terminated earlier by the Board of Directors
of the Company. Non-employee directors will not be eligible for awards
under the Annual Plan.
Because the Annual Plan was in existence before the completion of
the Offering, the $1 million deductibility limit of Section 162(m) is
generally not expected to apply to payments under the Annual Plan until the
first meeting of the Company's stockholders at which directors will be
elected after December 31, 2002. The Board or the Compensation Committee
may, at any time, amend, suspend, discontinue or terminate the Annual Plan;
provided, however, that no material modification to the Annual Plan will be
effective without approval by the shareholders of the Company.
Item 12: Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management.
Mario J. Gabelli, One Corporate Center, Rye, New York, through his
approximately two-thirds ownership of GFI, beneficially owns all of the
outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock of the Company. GFI, directly
and indirectly through two of its subsidiaries, beneficially owns all of
the 24,000,000 outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, which ownership
represents approximately 97.6% of the combined voting power of the
outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company. Accordingly, Mr.
Gabelli, through his approximately two-thirds ownership of GFI,
beneficially owns approximately 97.6% of the combined voting power of the
outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company. No other person
beneficially owns more than 5% of any class of the Common Stock of the
Company outstanding as of April 15, 1999.
Item 13: Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.
The following is a summary of certain arrangements between the
Company and Mr. Gabelli and members of his immediate family. Although the
Company believes that these arrangements embody terms and conditions no
less favorable to the Company than could be obtained in negotiations
between independent parties, these arrangements were established before the
Offering and were not the subject of arm's-length negotiations.
The Formation Transactions
The Company is a holding company that was newly formed in
connection with the Offering and, accordingly, had not previously engaged
in any business operations, acquired any assets or incurred any liabilities
other than in connection with the Offering. In connection with the
Reorganization that occurred prior to the Offering, the Company issued 24
million shares of its Class B Common Stock, representing all of its then
issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock to GFI for substantially all
of the operating assets and liabilities of GFI relating to its
institutional and retail asset management, mutual fund advisory,
underwriting and brokerage business. Within 3 months following the
Offering, GFI is expected to be renamed "Gabelli Group Capital Partners,
Inc." As a result, GFI, which is approximately two-thirds owned by Mr.
Gabelli with the balance owned by the Company's professional staff and
other individuals, owns all of the outstanding shares of Class B Common
Stock, which represents approximately 97.6% of the combined voting power of
the outstanding Common Stock of the Company.
Prior to the Offering, the Company and Mr. Gabelli entered into an
Employment Agreement which provides that Mr. Gabelli will receive an
incentive-based management fee of 10% of the aggregate pre-tax profits of
the Company as computed for financial reporting purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles before consideration of this fee
so long as he is an executive of the Company and devoting the substantial
majority of his working time to the business of the Company. The Employment
Agreement further provides that Mr. Gabelli will receive a deferred payment
of $50 million on January 2, 2002, plus interest payable quarterly at an
annual rate of 6%. See Item 11 - "Executive Compensation -- Employment
Agreements."
In connection with the Offering, the Company and GFI entered into
a Management Services Agreement, with a one year term and renewable
annually, under which the Company will provide certain services for GFI,
including furnishing office space and equipment, providing insurance
coverage, overseeing the administration of its business and providing
personnel to perform certain administrative services.
Effective with the Offering, the Company entered into an agreement
with GFI (the "Tax Indemnification Agreement") to indemnify GFI and the
shareholders of GFI (the "Tax Indemnities"), against certain taxes due and
payable by the Tax Indemnities on or after the Offering that relate to
activities of GFI or certain of its affiliates in respect of periods prior
to the Offering ("Taxes"). Generally, when a corporation owns assets and
conducts a business prior to a public offering of its stock, such
corporation continues to be liable for any unpaid taxes relating to its
business operations prior to such offering. However, since the operations
of the Company were conducted by GFI and not the Company prior to the
Offering, the Company is not automatically liable for any unpaid taxes
relating to such operations prior to the Offering. Consequently, the Tax
Indemnification Agreement has been agreed to by the Company and GFI to
require the Company, and not GFI or the shareholders of GFI, to bear the
cost of Taxes relating to the assets and operations of the Company prior to
the Offering. The Company will be required to make additional payments to
offset any taxes payable by a Tax Indemnitee in respect of payments made
pursuant to the Tax Indemnification Agreement. Any payment of Taxes by the
Company will be offset by any tax benefit received by the Tax Indemnitee.
The Tax Indemnification Agreement includes provisions that permit the
Company to control any tax proceeding or contest which might result in the
Company being required to make a payment under the Tax Indemnification
Agreement.
Transactions with Mr. Gabelli and Affiliates
Mr. Gabelli intends to continue devoting time to activities
outside of the Company, including managing his own assets and his family's
assets, managing or controlling companies in other industries and managing
assets for other investors through (a) those investment funds and accounts
managed by Mr. Gabelli, as of February 17, 1999, outside the Company under
performance fee arrangements, but only to the extent that any such
investment fund or account consists solely of one or more of the persons
who were investors as of February 17, 1999, and (b) successor funds and
accounts which serve no investors other than those in the funds and
accounts referred to in clause (a) or those investors' successors, heirs,
donees or immediate families, which funds and accounts operate according to
an investment style similar to such other accounts or funds, which style is
not used at the Company as of February 17, 1999, and which are subject to
performance fee arrangements. As used herein, the "Permissible Accounts"
mean the funds and accounts managed outside the Company referred to in
clauses (a) and (b) of the foregoing sentence, which are permitted under
Mr. Gabelli's Employment Agreement (approximately $129 million as of
December 31, 1998). These activities may present conflicts of interest or
compete with the Company. In order to minimize conflicts and potential
competition with the Company's investment management business, Mr. Gabelli
has undertaken that so long as he is associated with the Company or for a
period of five years from the consummation of the Offering, whichever is
longer, he will not provide investment management services for compensation
other than in his capacity as an officer or employee of the Company except
for the Permissible Accounts. Prior to establishing any additional
Permissible Accounts, Mr. Gabelli has agreed to have a committee of
independent directors review any proposed new Permissible Account for
conformity with the definition set forth above and to accept the
committee's determination as final. The Certificate of Incorporation of the
Company expressly provides that in general Mr. Gabelli, members of his
immediate family who are officers and directors of the Company and entities
controlled by such persons have an obligation to present corporate
opportunities to the Company and resolve conflicts of interests through one
of the processes described in the Certificate of Incorporation, which
include independent director or independent shareholder approval.
Currently, there are no members of Mr. Gabelli's immediate family who are
officers or directors of the Company.
The Company will not derive any income from activities outside of
the Company by Mr. Gabelli, members of his immediate family who are
officers and directors of the Company and entities controlled by such
persons, and the Company may not be able to take advantage of business and
investment opportunities that could later prove to be beneficial to the
Company and the shareholders. Where a conflict of interest involves a
transaction between Mr. Gabelli, members of his immediate family who are
officers and directors of the Company or entities controlled by such
persons and the Company, there can be no assurance that the Company would
not receive more favorable terms if it were dealing with an unaffiliated
party although the Company will seek to achieve market-based terms in all
such transactions.
Among the existing activities outside of the Company (including
the Permissible Accounts) in which Mr. Gabelli is engaged, Mr. Gabelli
serves as Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Investment Officer of GFI, and as President and Chief Investment Officer of
MJG Associates, Inc. ("MJG Associates"), which is wholly owned by Mr.
Gabelli and which acts as investment manager for Gabelli Performance
Partnership L.P. (a domestic hedge fund), Gabelli International Limited (an
offshore investment company), Gabelli International II Limited (an offshore
investment company), Gabelli Fund, LDC (an offshore limited duration
company) and an account for an unaffiliated hedge fund. At December 31,
1998, such entities had assets under management of approximately $129
million from unaffiliated third parties. Mr. Gabelli will also continue to
serve as managing member of Rivgam LMDS, LLC (a wireless communications
company). Mr. Gabelli also serves as the general partner of MJG IV Limited
Partnership (a family-controlled investment partnership), and as President
and a trustee of the Gabelli Foundation, Inc. (an accredited charitable
foundation). Mr. Gabelli also serves as Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer of Lynch Corporation (a public company engaged in multimedia,
specialized transportation and manufacturing businesses), a director of
East/West Communications, Inc. (a public company holding personal
communications services licenses) and a Governor of the American Stock
Exchange.
Historically, the Company was required to pay Mr. Gabelli as part
of his total compensation a management fee equal to 20% of the pre-tax
profits of each of the Company's operating units before consideration of
this management fee. This fee approximated $10,192,000, $10,580,000 and
$12,246,000 for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1997 and 1998,
respectively.
Effective February 9, 1999, the Company entered into an agreement
with Mr. Gabelli pursuant to which Mr. Gabelli assigned and transferred to
the Company, any and all right, title and interest he has in the "Gabelli"
name as a trademark, service mark or corporate or trade name for use in
connection with investment management services, mutual funds and securities
brokerage services. However, under the agreement, Mr. Gabelli retains any
and all right, title and interest he has or may have in the "Gabelli" name
for use in connection with (i) charitable foundations controlled by Mr.
Gabelli or members of his family or (ii) entities engaged in private
investment activities for Mr. Gabelli or members of his family. In
addition, the funds managed by Mr. Gabelli outside the Company have entered
into a license agreement with the Company, effective as of February 9,
1999, permitting them to continue limited use of the "Gabelli" name under
specified circumstances.
The Company and GAMCO made contributions to the Gabelli
Foundation, Inc. of approximately $1.0 million in 1997. The Company did not
make any contributions to this charitable foundation in 1998.
As of December 5, 1997, the Company entered into a master lease
agreement with M4E, LLC, which is owned by the children of Mr. Gabelli, for
a 60,000 square foot building, of which approximately 35,000 square feet
are currently subleased to other tenants. The master lease for the building
and property, which is located at 401 Theodore Fremd Avenue, Rye, New York
10580, expires on April 30, 2013. From December 5, 1997 through December
31, 2002, the Company has agreed to pay rent equal to $720,000 per year.
From January 1, 2003 through December 31, 2003, the rent will increase to
$756,000 per year. From January 1, 2004 through April 30, 2013, the rent
will be a minimum of $756,000, adjusted for inflation. The Company is
responsible under the lease agreement for all operating expenses, costs of
electricity and other utilities and taxes. In connection with the purchase
of this building, the Company loaned M4E, LLC $3.6 million in December
1997, which loan accrued interest at an annual rate of 7%. Such loan and
interest thereon was repaid in March 1998.
As of December 5, 1997, the Company subleased to Lynch
Corporation, an entity for which Mario J. Gabelli serves as Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer and is an approximately 23% stockholder,
approximately 5,000 square feet in the building located at 401 Theodore
Fremd Avenue, Rye, New York 10580. The sublease has a five-year term. Lynch
Corporation pays rent to the Company at the rate of $18 per square foot,
subject to adjustment for increases in taxes and other operating expenses,
plus a minimum payment of $2.50 per square foot for electricity.
On August 12, 1996, the Company made a secured loan of $11.8
million to Lynch Corporation, which accrued interest at the annual rate of
10% and a 1% commitment fee. Such loan and interest thereon was repaid in
August 1997. The Company also received a special fee equal to a 10% net
profits interest (after a capital charge) in an entity now known as
East/West Communications, Inc., which interest was converted into a 10%
equity interest in December 1997.
GAMCO has entered into agreements to provide advisory and
administrative services to MJG Associates, Inc., which is wholly owned by
Mr. Gabelli, and to GSI with respect to the private investment funds
managed by each of them. Pursuant to such agreements, GSI and MJG
Associates, Inc. each paid GAMCO $50,000 (excluding reimbursement of
expenses) in 1998 and 1997.
In March 1997, the Company made a loan of $10 million to Lynch
Corporation which accrued interest at the prime rate and a 1% commitment
fee. Such loan and interest thereon was repaid in June 1997.
In February 1998, the Company guaranteed a $30 million loan made
by The Chase Manhattan Bank to Rivgam LMDS, LLC, an entity for which Mr.
Gabelli is the Managing Member and in which he has a 71% ownership
interest. Such loan and interest thereon was repaid in April 1998.
Gabelli Advisers, Inc. has two classes of stock. The Company owns
51.1% of the Class B common stock of Gabelli Advisers, Inc. (representing
approximately 40.9% of the total equity interest and 49.9% of the total
voting power). The remainder of the Class B common stock is owned by the
Company's staff, including 34.9% owned by a limited partnership controlled
by Mr. Gabelli and owned by him and his children, 7% owned by Mr. Alpert,
1% owned by Mr. Jamieson, 1% owned by Mr. Bondi and the remaining 5% owned
by the other staff members. Westwood Management, a wholly owned subsidiary
of Southwest Securities Group, Inc., owns all of the Class A common stock
(representing 20% of the total equity interest and 2.4% of the total voting
power). In February 1998, Gabelli Advisers, Inc. offered all of its
shareholders the opportunity to subscribe to a $3 million short-term debt
offering in proportion to their economic ownership interest. In lieu of
interest, Gabelli Advisers, Inc. offered a total of 60,000 warrants
expiring in three years to acquire Class A common stock of Gabelli
Advisers, Inc. at $5 per share. The majority of the shareholders
participated in this offering, including GFI, the above-mentioned limited
partnership and Messrs. Alpert, Bondi and Jamieson.
Gabelli Securities International Limited ("Gabelli Securities
International") was formed in 1994 to provide management and investment
advisory services to the Gabelli International Gold Fund Limited ("GIGFL"),
an offshore investment company investing primarily in securities of issuers
with gold-related activities. One of Mr. Gabelli's children owns 55% of
Gabelli Securities International and GSI owns the remaining 45%. GSI has
entered into an agreement with Gabelli Securities International to provide
investment advisory services to GIGFL in return for receiving all
investment management fees paid by GIGFL. Pursuant to such agreement, GSI
received investment management fees of $162,000, $14,000 and $3,000 in
1996, 1997 and 1998, respectively.
Transactions with Other Related Parties
As required by the Company's Code of Ethics, the Company's staff
members are required to maintain their brokerage accounts at Gabelli &
Company unless they receive permission to maintain an outside account.
Gabelli & Company offers all of its staff the opportunity to engage in
brokerage transactions at discounted rates. Accordingly, many of the
Company's staff members, including senior management, have brokerage
accounts at Gabelli & Company and have engaged in securities transactions
through it at discounted rates.
In connection with the acquisition of a limited partnership
interest in a private fund managed by the Company, Mr. Jamieson executed a
demand note with respect to a loan of $350,000, which accrues interest at
an annual rate of 7%.
The Company has an agreement with Mr. Karl Otto Pohl to pay him an
annual retainer fee equal to the difference between $250,000 and the
amounts received by Mr. Pohl directly from the Mutual Funds for his service
on the boards of directors of the Mutual Funds.
PART IV
Item 14: Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K.
(a) List of documents filed as part of this Report:
(1) Consolidated Financial Statements and Independent
Auditors' Report included herein: See Index on page F-1
(2) Financial Statement Schedules: Financial statement
schedules are omitted as not required or not applicable or
because the information is included in the Financial
Statements or notes thereto.
(3) List of Exhibits:
Exhibit
Number Description of Exhibit
3.1 -- Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company.
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Amendment No. 4 to
the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No.
333-51023) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
February 10, 1999 ).
3.2 -- Amended Bylaws of the Company. (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 3.4 to Amendment No. 4 to the Company's Registration
Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-51023) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on February 10, 1999).
4.1 -- Specimen of Class A Common Stock Certificate. (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Amendment No. 3 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-51023) filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 29,
1999).
10.1 -- Management Services Agreement between the Company and GFI dated
as of February 9, 1999. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.1 to Amendment No. 4 to the Company's Registration Statement
on Form S-1 (File No. 333-51023) filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on February 10, 1999).
*10.2 -- Tax Indemnification Agreement between the Company and GFI.
*10.3 -- Lock-Up Agreement between the Company and GFI.
*10.4 -- Gabelli Asset Management Inc. 1999 Stock Award and Incentive Plan.
*10.5 -- Gabelli Asset Management Inc. 1999 Annual Performance Incentive
Plan.
10.6 -- Employment Agreement between the Company and Mario J. Gabelli.
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Amendment No. 4
to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No.
333-51023) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
February 10, 1999).
21.1 -- Subsidiaries of the Company. (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 21.1 to Amendment No. 4 to the Company's Registration
Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-51023) filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on February 10, 1999).
*24.1 -- Powers of Attorney (included on page II-15 of this Report).
*27.1 -- Financial Data Schedule.
- ------------------
* Filed herewith.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K:
Gabelli Asset Management Inc. filed no reports on Form 8-K
during the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report
to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized,
in the City of Rye, State of New York, on May 7,1999.
GABELLI ASSET MANAGEMENT INC.
By: /s/ Robert S. Zuccaro
-----------------------------
Name: Robert S. Zuccaro
Title: Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and
appoints Robert S. Zuccaro, Stephen G. Bondi and James E. McKee and each of
them, his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent with full power of
substitution and resubstitution, for him in his name, place and stead, in
any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this report and
to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in
connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and
hereby grants to such attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority
to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to
be done, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in
person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and
agent or his substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done
by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, this report has been signed by the following persons in the
capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature Title Date
--------- ----- ----
/s/ Mario J. Gabelli Chairman of the Board, May 7, 1999
- ---------------------------- Chief Executive Officer
Mario J. Gabelli and Chief Investment Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ Robert S. Zuccaro Vice President and Chief May 7, 1999
- ---------------------------- Financial Officer (Principal
Robert S. Zuccaro Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer)
/s/ Charles C. Baum Director May 7, 1999
- ----------------------------
Charles C. Baum
/s/ Richard B. Black Director May 7, 1999
- ----------------------------
Richard B. Black
/s/ Eamon M. Kelly Director May 7, 1999
- ----------------------------
Eamon M. Kelly
/s/ Karl Otto Pohl Director May 7, 1999
- ----------------------------
Karl Otto Pohl