SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(X) QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2004
OR
( ) TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from: ________ to ________
Commission File Number 001-13937
ANTHRACITE CAPITAL, INC.
-------------------------
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland 13-3978906
-------- ----------
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
40 East 52nd Street, New York, New York 10022
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(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(Registrant's telephone number including area code): (212) 409-3333
---------------
NOT APPLICABLE
--------------
(Former name, former address, and for new fiscal year;
if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days.
(1) Yes X No
- -
(2) Yes X No
- -
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer
(as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
(1) Yes X No
- -
As of May 7, 2004, 50,572,055 shares of common stock ($.001 par value
per share) were outstanding.
ANTHRACITE CAPITAL, INC.
FORM 10-Q
INDEX
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION Page
----
Item 1. Interim Financial Statements........................................................................4
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
At March 31, 2004 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2003.................................................4
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2004 and 2003..................................................5
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2004...........................................................6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2004 and 2003..................................................7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)..............................................9
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations..............................................................................19
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.........................................35
Item 4. Controls and Procedures............................................................................40
Part II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings..................................................................................41
Item 2. Changes in Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities...................41
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities....................................................................41
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders................................................41
Item 5. Other Information..................................................................................41
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K...................................................................41
SIGNATURES ...................................................................................................43
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements contained herein constitute "forward-looking statements"
within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 with
respect to future financial or business performance, strategies or expectations.
Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words or phrases such as
"trend," "opportunity," "pipeline," "believe," "comfortable," "expect,"
"anticipate," "current," "intention," "estimate," "position," "assume,"
"potential," "outlook," "continue," "remain," "maintain," "sustain," "seek,"
"achieve" and similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as
"will," "would," "should," "could," "may" or similar expressions. Anthracite
Capital, Inc. (the "Company") cautions that forward-looking statements are
subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, which change over
time. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and
Anthracite assumes no duty to and does not undertake to update forward-looking
statements. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in
forward-looking statements and future results could differ materially from
historical performance.
In addition to factors previously disclosed in the Company's Securities and
Exchange Commission (the "SEC") reports and those identified elsewhere in this
press release, the following factors, among others, could cause actual results
to differ materially from forward-looking statements or historical performance:
(1) the introduction, withdrawal, success and timing of business
initiatives and strategies;
(2) changes in political, economic or industry conditions, the
interest rate environment or financial and capital markets,
which could result in changes in the value of the Company's
assets;
(3) the relative and absolute investment performance and
operations of the Company's manager;
(4) the impact of increased competition;
(5) the impact of capital improvement projects;
(6) the impact of future acquisitions or divestitures;
(7) the unfavorable resolution of legal proceedings;
(8) the extent and timing of any share repurchases;
(9) the impact, extent and timing of technological changes and the
adequacy of intellectual property protection;
(10) the impact of legislative and regulatory actions and reforms
and regulatory, supervisory or enforcement actions of
government agencies relating to the Company, BlackRock
Financial Management, Inc. (the "Manager") or The PNC
Financial Services Group, Inc. ("PNC Bank");
(11) terrorist activities, which may adversely affect the general
economy, real estate, financial and capital markets, specific
industries, and the Company and the Manager;
(12) the ability of the Manager to attract and retain highly
talented professionals; (13) fluctuations in foreign currency
exchange rates; and (14) the impact of changes to tax
legislation and, generally, the tax position of the Company.
Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. The Company
does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation, to publicly
release the result of any revisions which may be made to any forward-looking
statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or
circumstances after the date of such statements.
Part I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Interim Financial Statements
Anthracite Capital, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
(in thousands, except per share data)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
March 31, 2004 December 31, 2003
-------------- -----------------
(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $ 17,264 $ 20,805
Restricted cash equivalents 15,389 12,845
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value:
Subordinated commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") $ 751,872 $ 703,443
Residential mortgage backed securities ("RMBS") 367,029 439,492
Investment grade securities 720,764 663,065
------------- -------------
Total securities available-for-sale 1,839,665 1,806,000
Securities held-for-trading, at fair value 341,075 313,727
Commercial mortgage loan pools 1,222,103 -
Commercial mortgage loans, net 81,292 61,668
Equity investment in Carbon Capital, Inc. 33,159 28,493
Investments in real estate joint ventures 7,813 7,823
Receivable for investments sold 100,662 99,056
Other assets 48,666 48,429
--------------- --------------
Total Assets $3,707,088 $2,398,846
=============== ==============
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Liabilities:
Borrowings:
Collateralized debt obligations ("CDOs") $1,057,522 $684,970
Secured by pledge of subordinated CMBS 17,653 100,892
Secured by pledge of other securities available-for-sale
and restricted cash equivalents 449,940 710,968
Secured by pledge of securities held-for-trading 315,399 304,001
Secured by pledge of investments in real estate joint ventures - 513
Secured by pledge of commercial mortgage loans 7,430 22,197
------------- -------------
Total borrowings $1,847,944 $1,823,541
Obligation of REMIC Trust 1,199,034 -
Securities sold, not yet settled 101,234 99,551
Payable for investments purchased 49,301 -
Distributions payable 15,059 14,749
Other liabilities 48,451 43,575
--------------- --------------
Total Liabilities $3,261,023 $1,981,416
--------------- --------------
Commitments and Contingencies
Stockholders' Equity:
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share; 400,000 shares
authorized;
50,572 shares issued and outstanding in 2004;
49,464 shares issued and outstanding in 2003 51 49
10% Series B Preferred Stock, liquidation preference $43,931 in
2004 and $43,942 in 2003 33,422 33,431
9.375% Series C Preferred Stock, liquidation preference $57,500
in 2004 and 2003 55,435 55,435
Additional paid-in capital 549,199 536,333
Distributions in excess of earnings (105,952) (101,635)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (86,090) (106,183)
--------------- --------------
Total Stockholders' Equity 446,065 417,430
--------------- --------------
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity $3,707,088 $2,398,846
=============== ==============
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
Anthracite Capital, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share data)
For the Three For the Three
Months Ended Months Ended
March 31, 2004 March 31, 2003
------------------------------------
Income:
Interest from securities available-for-sale $32,726 $24,652
Interest from commercial mortgage loans 1,479 1,185
Interest from securities held-for-trading 3,177 15,831
Earnings from real estate joint ventures 222 236
Earnings from equity investment 1,372 743
Interest from cash and cash equivalents 88 176
------------------------------------
Total income 39,064 42,823
------------------------------------
Expenses:
Interest 20,091 15,504
Interest - securities held-for-trading 782 4,201
Management fee 2,130 2,577
General and administrative expense 602 582
------------------------------------
Total expenses 23,605 22,864
------------------------------------
Other gain (losses):
Gain on sale of securities available-for-sale 2,813 142
Loss on securities held-for-trading (5,983) (10,404)
------------------------------------
Total other loss (3,170) (10,262)
------------------------------------
Net income 12,289 9,697
------------------------------------
Dividends on preferred stock 2,446 1,195
------------------------------------
Net income available to common stockholders $ 9,843 $8,502
====================================
Net income per common share, basic: $ 0.20 $0.18
====================================
Net income per common share, diluted: $ 0.20 $0.18
====================================
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Basic 49,837 47,592
Diluted 49,846 47,622
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
Anthracite Capital, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2004
(in thousands)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Series Series Accumulated
Common B C Additional Distributions Other Total
Stock, PreferredPreferred Paid-In In Excess Comprehensive Comprehensive Stockholders'
Par Value Stock Stock Capital Of Earnings Loss Income Equity
Balance at January 1, 2004 $49 $33,431 $55,435 $536,333 $(101,635) $(106,183) $417,430
Net income 12,289 $12,289 12,289
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges (25,211) (25,211) (25,211)
Reclassification adjustments from
cash flow hedges included in net income 1,183 1,183 1,183
Change in net unrealized gain (loss)
on securities available-for-sale,
net of reclassification adjustment 44,121 44,121 44,121
Other Comprehensive income 20,093
-----------
Comprehensive Income $32,402
===========
Dividends declared-common stock (14,160) (14,160)
Dividends on preferred stock (2,446) (2,446)
Conversion of Series B preferred
stock to common stock - (9) 9 -
Issuance of common stock 2 12,857 12,859
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at March 31, 2004 $51 $33,422 $55,435 $549,199 $(105,952) $(86,090) $446,065
==========================================================================================
Disclosure of reclassification
adjustment:
Unrealized holding loss $41,308
Reclassification for realized gains
previously recorded as unrealized 2,813
--------------
$44,121
==============
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
Anthracite Capital, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(in thousands)
For the Three For the Three
Months Ended Months Ended
March 31, 2004 March 31, 2003
-------------- --------------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $12,289 $9,697
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating
activities:
Net (purchase) sale of trading securities (33,332) 387,278
Net loss on sale of securities 3,170 10,262
Discount accretion (961) (8,758)
Equity in earnings in excess of distributions from Carbon Capital, Inc. (317) -
Decrease in other assets 2,502 1,578
Increase in other liabilities 4,876 2,830
----------------------- ---------------------
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities (11,773) 402,887
----------------------- ---------------------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of securities available-for-sale (117,479) (447,774)
Funding of commercial mortgage loans (19,961) -
Repayments received from commercial mortgage loans 120 7,923
(Increase) decrease in restricted cash equivalents (2,544) 21,824
Principal payments received on securities available-for-sale 22,419 37,212
Distributions from joint ventures in excess of earnings 10 487
Investment in Carbon Capital, Inc. (4,349) (2,950)
Proceeds from sales of securities available-for-sale 111,790 -
Net payments under hedging securities (2,740) (262)
----------------------- ---------------------
Net cash used in investing activities (12,734) (383,540)
----------------------- ---------------------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net increase (decrease) in borrowings 24,403 (8,469)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of offering costs 12,860 3,418
Dividends paid on common stock (13,851) (16,589)
Dividends paid on preferred stock (2,446) (1,195)
----------------------- ---------------------
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 20,966 (22,835)
----------------------- ---------------------
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (3,541) (3,488)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
20,805 24,698
----------------------- ---------------------
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $17,264 $21,210
======================= =====================
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid $20,661 $15,231
----------------------- ---------------------
Investments purchased not settled $49,301 $252,241
======================= =====================
Investments sold not settled $(572) $356,859
======================= =====================
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities: The
Company purchased the Controlling Class securities of a REMIC trust during the
Three months ended March 31, 2004:
Carrying value of assets acquired $ 1,222,103
Liabilities assumed 1,199,034
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
Anthracite Capital, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per shares and share data)
- ------------------------------------------------
Note 1 ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Anthracite Capital, Inc. (the "Company"), a Maryland corporation, is a real
estate finance company that generates income based on the spread between the
interest income on its mortgage loans and securities investments and the
interest expense from borrowings used to finance its investments. The Company
seeks to earn high returns on a risk-adjusted basis to support a consistent
quarterly dividend. The Company has elected to be taxed as a Real Estate
Investment Trust ("REIT") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and,
therefore, its income is largely exempt from corporate taxation. The Company
commenced operations on March 24, 1998.
The Company's core investment activities focus on (i) investing in below
investment grade CMBS where the Company has the right to control the
foreclosure/workout process on the underlying loans, and (ii) originating high
yield commercial real estate loans. The Company also manages excess liquidity
with a portfolio of investment grade real estate related securities. This
portfolio is being reduced over time.
The accompanying March 31, 2004 unaudited consolidated financial statements have
been prepared in conformity with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10,
Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X for interim financial statements. Accordingly, they
do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for
complete financial statements. These consolidated financial statements should be
read in conjunction with the annual audited financial statements and notes
thereto included in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for 2003 filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission.
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of
the statements of financial condition and revenues and expenses for the periods
covered. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.
Significant estimates in the financial statements include the valuation of
certain of the Company's mortgage-backed securities and certain other
investments.
Note 2 NET INCOME PER SHARE
Net income per share is computed in accordance with Statements of Financial
Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 128, "Earnings Per Share." Basic income per
share is calculated by dividing net income available to common stockholders by
the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted income per share is calculated using the weighted average number of
common shares outstanding during the period plus the additional dilutive
effect, if any, of common stock equivalents. The dilutive effect of
outstanding stock options is calculated using the treasury stock method, and
the dilutive effect of preferred stock is calculated using the "if converted"
method.
For the Three For the Three
Months Ended Months Ended
March 31, 2004 March 31, 2003
Numerator:
Net income available to common stockholders $ 9,843 $8,502
------------------ -------------------
Numerator for basic earnings per share $ 9,843 $8,502
------------------ -------------------
Numerator for diluted earnings per share $ 9,843 $8,502
================== ===================
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings per share--weighted average common shares
Outstanding 49,837 47,592
Dilutive effect of stock options 9 30
------------------ -------------------
Denominator for diluted earnings per share--weighted average common shares
outstanding and common share equivalents outstanding 49,846 47,622
================== ===================
Basic net income per weighted average common share: $ 0.20 $0.18
------------------ -------------------
Diluted net income per weighted average common share and common share
equivalents: $ 0.20 $0.18
------------------ -------------------
Total anti-dilutive stock options and warrants excluded from the calculation of
net income per share were 1,385,651 and 1,407,442 for the three months ended
March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Note 3 SECURITIES AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
The Company's securities available-for-sale are carried at estimated fair value.
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities available-for-sale as
of March 31, 2004 are summarized as follows:
Gross Gross Estimated
Amortized Unrealized Gain Unrealized Fair
Security Description Cost Loss Value
- ------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------- ---------------- --------------- -----------------
CMBS:
CMBS interest only securities ("IOs") $ 87,858 $ 3,956 $ (517) $ 91,297
Investment grade CMBS 330,823 13,818 (2,617) 342,024
Non-investment grade rated subordinated securities 765,914 32,866 (75,747) 723,033
Non-rated subordinated securities 27,250 5,002 (3,413) 28,840
Credit tenant lease 25,803 569 - 26,372
Investment grade REIT debt 238,436 22,635 (1) 261,070
---------------- ---------------- --------------- -----------------
Total CMBS 1,476,084 78,846 (82,295) 1,472,636
---------------- ---------------- --------------- -----------------
Single-family residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS):
Agency adjustable rate securities 150,760 618 - 151,378
Agency fixed rate securities 187,492 129 (2,161) 185,460
Residential CMOs 2,855 89 (34) 2,910
Hybrid adjustable rate mortgages ("ARMs") 6,050 - (51) 5,999
Project Loans 20,468 833 (19) 21,282
---------------- ---------------- --------------- -----------------
Total RMBS 367,625 1,669 (2,265) 367,029
---------------- ---------------- --------------- -----------------
---------------- ---------------- --------------- -----------------
Total securities available-for-sale $ 1,843,709 $ 80,515 $ (84,560) $ 1,839,665
================ ================ =============== =================
As of March 31, 2004, an aggregate of $1,742,364 in estimated fair value of the
Company's securities available-for-sale was pledged to secure its collateralized
borrowings.
As of March 31, 2004, the anticipated weighted average yield to maturity based
upon the amortized cost of the subordinated CMBS ("reported yield") was 9.6% per
annum. The anticipated reported yield of the Company's investment grade
securities available-for-sale was 5.3%. The Company's reported yields on its
subordinated CMBS and investment grade securities available-for-sale are based
upon a number of assumptions that are subject to certain business and economic
uncertainties and contingencies. Examples of these include, among other things,
the rate and timing of principal payments (including prepayments, repurchases,
defaults, and liquidations), the pass-through or coupon rate, and interest rate
fluctuations. Additional factors that may affect the Company's anticipated
yields to maturity on its subordinated CMBS include interest payment shortfalls
due to delinquencies on the underlying mortgage loans, and the timing and
magnitude of credit losses on the mortgage loans underlying the subordinated
CMBS that are a result of the general condition of the real estate market
(including competition for tenants and their related credit quality) and changes
in market rental rates. As these uncertainties and contingencies are difficult
to predict and are subject to future events which may alter these assumptions,
no assurance can be given that the anticipated yields to maturity, discussed
above and elsewhere, will be achieved.
The following table shows the Company's fair value and gross unrealized losses,
aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities
have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at March 31, 2004.
Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
------------- ---------------- ------------- --------------- -------------- ---------------
Gross Gross Gross
Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized
Value Losses Value Losses Value Losses
------------- ---------------- ------------- --------------- -------------- ---------------
Non-investment grade rated
subordinated securities $280,591 $(16,715) $442,442 $(26,166) $723,033 $(42,881)
Agency fixed rate securities $185,460 $(2,032) - - $185,460 $(2,032)
Hybrid ARMS $5,999 $(51) - - $5,999 $(51)
------------- ---------------- ------------- --------------- -------------- ---------------
Total temporarily impaired
securities $472,050 $(18,798) $442,442 $(26,166) $914,492 $(44,964)
============= ================ ============= =============== ============== ===============
The temporary impairment of the available-for-sale securities results from the
fair value of the securities falling below the amortized cost basis. Management
possesses both the intent and the ability to hold the securities until maturity,
allowing for the anticipated recovery in fair value of the securities held. As
such, management does not believe any of the securities held are
other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2004.
The following table sets forth certain information relating to the aggregate
principal balance and payment status of delinquent mortgage loans underlying the
subordinated CMBS held by the Company as of March 31, 2004:
----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------
March 31, 2004
----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------
Number of Loans % of
Principal Collateral
------------------------------------------ ---------------------- ---------------------- -----------------------
Past due 30 days to 60 days $6,057 3 0.05%
------------------------------------------ ---------------------- ---------------------- -----------------------
Past due 60 days to 90 days 9,909 4 0.08
------------------------------------------ ---------------------- ---------------------- -----------------------
Past due 90 days or more 113,909 12 0.90
------------------------------------------ ---------------------- ---------------------- -----------------------
Real estate owned ("REO") 6,237 2 0.05
------------------------------------------ ---------------------- ---------------------- -----------------------
Total delinquent $136,112 21 1.08%
------------------------------------------ ---------------------- ---------------------- -----------------------
Total principal balance $12,556,284 2,251
------------------------------------------ ---------------------- ---------------------- -----------------------
To the extent that the Company's expectation of realized losses on individual
loans supporting the CMBS, if any, or such resolutions differ significantly from
the Company's original loss estimates, it may be necessary to reduce the
projected reported yield on the applicable CMBS investment to better reflect
such investment's expected earnings net of expected losses, and write the
investment down to its fair value. While realized losses on individual loans may
be higher or lower than original estimates, the Company currently believes its
aggregate loss estimates and reported yields are appropriate on all investments.
Note 4 COMMERCIAL MORTGAGE LOAN POOLS
As of March 31, 2004, the Company owns eleven different trusts where the Company
through its investment in subordinated CMBS of such trusts is in the first loss
position ("Controlling Class"). In March 2004, the Company committed to acquire
$41,495 par value of the Controlling Class interests in a CMBS transaction. The
securities that comprise the Controlling Class interests were acquired for a
dollar price of 55.6% of par, or $23,069. The total par amount of underlying
loans in this transaction is $1,234,613 which have a carrying value of
$1,222,103. A CMBS real estate mortgage investment conduit ("REMIC") trust will
typically issue securities with a par amount equal to the par value of the
underlying loans. As noted, the Company acquired $41,495 of par value of these
securities; other third party investors will acquire the remaining $1,193,118 of
securities. During the negotiations for the purchase of these Controlling Class
interests, the Company was able to obtain a greater degree of control for the
special servicer in the process of disposing of or working out defaulted loans.
As a result of this added discretion, FASB Interpretation No. 46, "Consolidation
of Variable Interest Entities" ("FIN 46R") requires the Company to consolidate
the net assets and results of operations of the issuing REMIC trust.
Typically, the Company records securities purchased at their market price, and
the securities appear as assets on the Company's consolidated statement of
financial condition. For this CMBS transaction, the Company included on its
consolidated statement of financial condition all of the underlying loans shown
as commercial mortgage loan pools at cost. The CMBS securities to be issued to
third parties by the REMIC trust are shown as an offsetting liability
("obligation of REMIC trust"). The net effect on the Company's consolidated
statement of financial condition at March 31, 2004 from the consolidation of the
net assets of the REMIC trust is equivalent to the cost of the Controlling Class
interests acquired of $23,069.
The liability resulting from this transaction is non-recourse to Anthracite, and
is secured only by the commercial mortgage loan pools. This accounting treatment
increases the Company's debt to capital ratio from 4.6:1 to 6.8:1. The Company
received authorization from its lenders to permit debt to capital ratios in
excess of existing covenants. For income recognition purposes, the loans will
carry their own yields and the Company will establish a loss reserve consistent
with the credit assumptions made in establishing loss adjusted yields for
Controlling Class securities.
Note 5 SECURITIES HELD-FOR-TRADING
Securities held-for-trading reflect short-term trading strategies, which the
Company employs from time to time, designed to generate economic and taxable
gains based on short-term differences in pricing. As part of its trading
strategies, the Company may acquire long or short positions in U.S. Treasury or
agency securities, forward commitments to purchase such securities, financial
futures contracts and other fixed income or fixed income derivative securities.
The Company's securities held-for-trading are carried at estimated fair value.
At March 31, 2004, the Company's securities held-for-trading consisted of FNMA
Mortgage Pools with an estimated fair value of $341,075, and a forward
commitment with an estimated fair value of $101,234. The FNMA Mortgage Pools,
and the underlying mortgages, bear interest at fixed rates for specified
periods, generally three to seven years, after which the rates are periodically
reset to market.
For the three months ended March 31, 2004, losses on securities held-for-trading
in the consolidated statement of operations of $5,983 are largely attributable
to the Company's continued repositioning and reduction of the RMBS portfolio and
associated hedges. The Company's longstanding policy has been to maintain limits
on the exposure of the Company's equity to changes in long-term rates as well as
the exposure of earnings to changes in short-term funding rates.
The Company's trading strategies are subject to the risk of unanticipated
changes in the relative prices of long and short positions in trading
securities, but are designed to be relatively unaffected by changes in the
overall level of interest rates.
Note 6 COMMON STOCK
On March 11, 2004, the Company declared dividends to its common stockholders of
$0.28 per share, payable on April 30, 2004 to stockholders of record on March
31, 2004. For U.S. Federal income tax purposes, the dividends are expected to be
ordinary income to the Company's stockholders.
For the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company issued 1,077,102 shares
of Common Stock under its Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan (the
"Dividend Reinvestment Plan"). Net proceeds to the Company were approximately
$12,606. For the three months ended March 31, 2003, the Company issued 333,328
shares of Common Stock under its Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Net proceeds to the
Company were approximately $3,517. The Company suspended its Dividend
Reinvestment Plan for all investments after March 26, 2004, and for all future
investment dates. The Dividend Reinvestment Plan will remain in place and may be
resumed by the Company at any time.
Note 7 PREFERRED STOCK
At the end of the first quarter of 2004, the Board of Directors approved the
Company's decision to redeem its Series B Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value
per share ("Series B Preferred Stock"). During the second quarter of 2004 the
Company will incur a one-time charge to income available to common
stockholders of $10,508, which represents the difference between the Series B
Preferred Stock book value of $19 per share and its $25 redemption price. The
Series B Preferred Stock was redeemed on May 6, 2004.
Note 8 TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATES
The Company has a Management Agreement with the Manager, a majority owned
indirect subsidiary of PNC Bank and the employer of certain directors and
officers of the Company, under which the Manager manages the Company's
day-to-day operations, subject to the direction and oversight of the Company's
Board of Directors. On March 25, 2002, the Management Agreement was extended for
one year through March 27, 2003, with the approval of the unaffiliated
directors, on terms similar to the prior agreement with the following changes:
(i) the incentive fee calculation would be based on GAAP earnings instead of
funds from operations, (ii) the removal of the four-year period to value the
Management Agreement in the event of termination and (iii) subsequent renewal
periods of the Management Agreement would be for one year instead of two years.
The Board of Directors of the Company was advised by Houlihan Lokey Howard &
Zukin Financial Advisors, Inc., a national investment banking and financial
advisory firm, in the renewal process.
On March 6, 2003, the unaffiliated directors approved an extension of the
Management Agreement from its expiration of March 27, 2003 for one year through
March 31, 2004. The terms of the renewed agreement are similar to the prior
agreement except for the incentive fee calculation which would provide for a
rolling four-quarter high watermark rather than a quarterly calculation. In
determining the rolling four-quarter high watermark, the Company would calculate
the incentive fee based upon the current and prior three quarters' net income.
The Manager would be paid an incentive fee in the current quarter if the Yearly
Incentive Fee, as defined, is greater than what was paid to the Manager in the
prior three quarters cumulatively. The Company will phase in the rolling
four-quarter high watermark commencing with the second quarter of 2003.
Calculation of the incentive fee will be based on GAAP and adjusted to exclude
special one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP accounting pronouncements
after discussion between the Manager and the unaffiliated directors. The
incentive fee threshold did not change. The high watermark provides for the
Manager to be paid 25% of the amount of earnings (calculated in accordance with
GAAP) per share that exceeds the product of the adjusted issue price of the
Company's common stock per share ($11.36 as of March 31, 2004) and the greater
of 9.5% or 350 basis points over the ten-year Treasury note.
The Management Agreement was further extended for one year from March 31, 2004
through March 31, 2005. The base management fee was revised to equal 2% of the
quarterly average total stockholders equity for the applicable quarter. The
incentive fee was revised to be 25% of the amount of earnings (calculated in
accordance with GAAP) per share that exceeds the product of the adjusted issue
price of the Company's common stock per share and the greater of 8.5% or 400
basis points over the ten-year Treasury note.
During the year ended December 31, 2003 and for the three months ended March 31,
2004, the Company paid the Manager an annual base management fee equal to a
percentage of the average invested assets of the Company as defined in the
Management Agreement. The base management fee was equal to 1% per annum of the
average invested assets rated less than BB- or not rated, 0.75% of average
invested assets rated BB- to BB+, and 0.20% of average invested assets rated
above BB+. During the third quarter of 2003, the Manager agreed to reduce the
management fees by 20% from its calculated amount for the third and fourth
quarter of 2003 and the first quarter of 2004. This revision resulted in $1,046
in savings to the Company during 2003 and $532 for the three months ended March
31, 2004, respectively.
The Company incurred $2,130 and $2,577 in base management fees in accordance
with the terms of the Management Agreement for the three months ended March 31,
2004 and 2003, respectively. In accordance with the provisions of the Management
Agreement, the Company recorded reimbursements to the Manager of $34 and $6 for
certain expenses incurred on behalf of the Company for the three months ended
March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, which are included in general and
administration expense on the accompanying consolidated statements of
operations.
Pursuant to the March 25, 2002 one-year Management Agreement extension, the
incentive fee was based on 25% of earnings (calculated in accordance with GAAP)
of the Company. For purposes of calculating the incentive fee during 2002, the
cumulative transition adjustment of $6,327 resulting from the Company's adoption
of SFAS 142 was excluded from earnings in its entirety and included in the
calculation of future incentive fees using an amortization period of three
years. The Company did not incur incentive fees for the three months ended March
31, 2004 and 2003.
The Company has an administration agreement with the Manager. Under the terms of
the administration agreement, the Manager provides financial reporting, audit
coordination and accounting oversight services to the Company. The agreement can
be cancelled upon 60-day written notice by either party. The Company pays the
Manager a monthly administrative fee at an annual rate of 0.06% of the first
$125 million of average net assets, 0.04% of the next $125 million of average
net assets and 0.03% of average net assets in excess of $250 million subject to
a minimum annual fee of $120. For the three months ended March 31, 2004 and
2003, the Company paid administration fees of $44 and $43, respectively, which
are included in general and administration expense on the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations.
The Company has entered into a $50 million commitment to acquire shares in
Carbon Capital, Inc. ("Carbon"), a private commercial real estate income
opportunity fund managed by the Manager. The period during which the Company may
be required to purchase shares under the commitment, expires in July 2004. The
Company does not incur any additional management or incentive fees to the
Manager as a result of its investment in Carbon. On March 31, 2004, the Company
owned 19.8% of the outstanding shares in Carbon. The Company's remaining
commitment at March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003 was $18,685 and $23,034,
respectively.
During 2000, the Company completed the acquisition of CORE Cap, Inc. At the time
of the CORE Cap, Inc. acquisition, the Manager agreed to pay GMAC (CORE Cap,
Inc.'s external advisor) $12,500 over a ten-year period ("Installment Payment")
to purchase the right to manage the CORE Cap, Inc. assets under the existing
management contract ("GMAC Contract"). The GMAC Contract had to be terminated in
order to allow the Company to complete the merger, as the Company's management
agreement with the Manager did not provide for multiple managers. As a result
the Manager offered to buy-out the GMAC Contract as the Manager estimated it
would receive incremental fees above and beyond the Installment Payment, and
thus was willing to pay for, and separately negotiate, the termination of the
GMAC Contract. Accordingly, the value of the Installment Payment was not
considered in the Company's allocation of its purchase price to the net assets
acquired in the acquisition of CORE Cap, Inc. The Company agreed that should the
Management Agreement with its Manager be terminated, not renewed or not extended
for any reason other than for cause, the Company would pay to the Manager an
amount equal to the Installment Payment less the sum of all payments made by the
Manager to GMAC. As of March 31, 2004, the Installment Payment would be $8,000
payable over seven years. The Company does not accrue for this contingent
liability.
Note 9 BORROWINGS
Certain information with respect to the Company's collateralized borrowings at
March 31, 2004 is summarized as follows:
Lines of Reverse Collateralized Total
Credit and Repurchase Collateralized
Term Loans Agreements Debt Obligations Borrowings
------------------ --------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------------
Outstanding borrowings $25,083 $765,339 $1,057,522 $1,847,944
Weighted average
borrowing rate 2.93% 1.10% 6.05% 3.96%
Weighted average
remaining maturity 469 days 23 days 3,082 days 1,779 days
Estimated fair value of
assets pledged $79,155 $824,112 $1,119,225 $2,022,492
As of March 31, 2004, the Company's collateralized borrowings had the following
remaining maturities:
Lines of Reverse Total
Credit and Term Repurchase Collateralized Debt Collateralized
Loans Agreements Obligations Borrowings
------------------ --------------------- --------------------------- ----------------------
Within 30 days $ - $765,339 $ - $765,339
31 to 59 days - - - -
Over 60 days 25,083 - 1,057,522 1,082,605
================== ===================== =========================== ======================
$25,083 $765,339 $1,057,522 $1,847,944
================== ===================== =========================== ======================
Under the lines of credit and the reverse repurchase agreements, the respective
lender retains the right to mark the underlying collateral to estimated market
value. A reduction in the value of its pledged assets will require the Company
to provide additional collateral or fund margin calls. From time to time, the
Company expects that it will be required to provide such additional collateral
or fund margin calls.
Note 10 DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
The Company accounts for its derivative investments under SFAS No. 133,
"Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities", as amended,
which establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments,
including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts and for
hedging activities. All derivatives, whether designated in hedging relationships
or not, are required to be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. If the
derivative is designated as a fair value hedge, the changes in the fair value of
the derivative and of the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are
recognized in earnings. If the derivative is designated as a cash flow hedge,
the effective portions of change in the fair value of the derivative are
recorded in other comprehensive income ("OCI") and are recognized in the income
statement when the hedged item affects earnings. Ineffective portions of changes
in the fair value of cash flow hedges are recognized in earnings.
The Company uses interest rate swaps to manage exposure to variable cash flows
on portions of its borrowings under reverse repurchase agreements and as trading
derivatives intended to offset changes in fair value related to securities held
as trading assets. On the date in which the derivative contract is entered, the
Company designates the derivative as either a cash flow hedge or a trading
derivative.
As of March 31, 2004, the Company had interest rate swaps with notional amounts
aggregating $1,040,295 that were designated as cash flow hedges of borrowings
under reverse repurchase agreements. Cash flow hedges with a fair value of $741
are included in other assets on the consolidated statement of financial
condition and cash flow hedges with a fair value of $(39,569) are included in
other liabilities on the consolidated statement of financial condition. For the
three months ended March 31, 2004, the net change in the fair value of the
interest rate swaps was a decrease of $26,184, of which $973 was deemed
ineffective and is included as an increase of interest expense and $25,211 was
recorded as a reduction of OCI. As of March 31, 2004, the $1,040,295 notional of
swaps that were designated as cash flow hedges had a weighted average remaining
term of 8.2 years.
As of March 31, 2004, the Company had interest rate swaps with notional amounts
aggregating $479,445 designated as trading derivatives. Trading derivatives with
a fair value of $104 are included in other assets on the consolidated statement
of financial condition and trading derivatives with a fair value of $(1,148) are
included in other liabilities on the consolidated statement of financial
condition. For the three months ended March 31, 2004, the change in fair value
for these trading derivatives was a decrease of $4,092 and is included as an
addition to loss on securities held-for-trading in the consolidated statements
of operations. As of March 31, 2004, the $479,445 notional of swaps that were
designated as trading derivatives had a weighted average remaining term of 5.5
years.
Occasionally, counterparties will require the Company or the Company will
require counterparties to provide collateral for the interest rate swap
agreements in the form of margin deposits. Net deposits are recorded as a
component of either accounts receivable or other liabilities. Should the
counterparty fail to return deposits paid, the Company would be at risk for the
fair market value of that asset. At March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, the
balance of such net margin deposits owed to counterparties as collateral under
these agreements totaled $5,720 and $10,445, respectively.
The contracts identified in the remaining portion of this note have been entered
into to limit the Company's mark to market exposure to long-term interest rates.
Additionally, the Company had a forward London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR")
cap with a notional amount of $85,000 and a fair value at March 31, 2004 of $963
which is included in other assets, and the change in fair value related to this
derivative is included as a component of loss on securities held-for-trading in
the consolidated statements of operations.
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
All dollar figures expressed herein are expressed in thousands, except share or
per share amounts or as otherwise noted.
I. General
Anthracite Capital, Inc. (the "Company"), a Maryland corporation, is a real
estate finance company that generates income based on the spread between the
interest income on its mortgage loans and securities investments and the
interest expense from borrowings to finance its investments. The Company's
primary activity is investing in high yielding commercial real estate debt. The
Company combines traditional real estate underwriting and capital markets
expertise to exploit the opportunities arising from the continuing integration
of these two disciplines. The Company focuses on acquiring pools of performing
loans in the form of commercial mortgage backed securities ("CMBS"), issuing
secured debt backed by CMBS and providing strategic capital for the commercial
real estate industry in the form of mezzanine loan financing. The Company
commenced operations on March 24, 1998.
The Company's common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the
symbol "AHR". The Company's primary long-term objective is to distribute
consistent dividends supported by earnings. The Company establishes its dividend
by analyzing the long-term sustainability of earnings given existing market
conditions and the current composition of its portfolio. This includes an
analysis of the Company's credit loss assumptions, general level of interest
rates and projected hedging costs.
The Company is managed by BlackRock Financial Management, Inc. (the "Manager"),
a subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc., a publicly traded (NYSE: BLK) asset management
company with approximately $321,000,000 of assets under management as of March
31, 2004. The Manager provides an operating platform that incorporates
significant asset origination, risk management, and operational capabilities.
At the end of the first quarter of 2004, the Board of Directors approved the
Company's decision to redeem its Series B Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per
share ("Series B Preferred Stock"). During the second quarter of 2004 the
Company will incur a one time charge to income available to common
stockholders of $10,508, which represents the difference between the Series B
Preferred Stock book value of $19 per share and its $25 redemption price. The
Series B Preferred Stock was redeemed on May 6, 2004.
The Company continues to maintain a positive, though controlled, exposure to
both long- and short-term interest rates through its active hedging strategies.
See "Item 3 - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk" for a
discussion of interest rates and their effect on earnings and book value.
The following table illustrates the mix of the Company's asset types as of March
31, 2004 and December 31, 2003:
Carrying Value as of
March 31, 2004 December 31, 2003
Amount % Amount %
-------------------------------------------------
Commercial real estate securities $1,472,636 43.0% $1,366,508 64.5%
Commercial mortgage loan pools 1,222,103 35.7 - -
Commercial real estate loans(1) 122,263 3.6 97,984 4.6
Residential mortgage backed securities(2) 606,871 17.7 653,668 30.9
-------------------------------------------------
Total $3,423,873 100.0% $2,118,160 100.0%
-------------------------------------------------
(1) Includes real estate joint ventures and equity investments.
(2) Net of RMBS securities sold, not yet settled
Commercial Mortgage Loans Pools and Commercial Real Estate Securities Portfolio
Activity
As of March 31, 2004, the Company owns eleven different trusts where the Company
through its investment in subordinated CMBS of such trusts is in the first loss
position ("Controlling Class"). In March 2004, the Company committed to acquire
$41,495 par value of the Controlling Class interests in a CMBS transaction. The
securities that comprise the Controlling Class interests were acquired for a
dollar price of 55.6% of par, or $23,069. The total par amount of underlying
loans in this transaction is $1,234,613 which have a carrying value of
$1,222,103. A CMBS real estate mortgage investment conduit ("REMIC") trust will
typically issue securities with a par amount equal to the par value of the
underlying loans. As noted, the Company acquired $41,495 of par value of these
securities; other third party investors will acquire the remaining $1,193,118 of
securities. During the negotiations for the purchase of these Controlling Class
interests, the Company was able to obtain a greater degree of control for the
special servicer in the process of disposing of or working out defaulted loans.
As a result of this added discretion, FASB Interpretation No. 46, "Consolidation
of Variable Interest Entities" ("FIN 46R") requires the Company to consolidate
the net assets and results of operations of the issuing REMIC trust.
Typically, the Company records securities purchased at their market price, and
the securities appear as assets on the Company's consolidated statement of
financial condition. For this CMBS transaction, the Company included on its
consolidated statement of financial condition all of the underlying loans shown
as commercial mortgage loan pools. The CMBS securities to be issued to third
parties by the REMIC trust are shown as an offsetting liability ("obligation of
REMIC trust"). The net effect on the Company's consolidated statement of
financial condition at March 31, 2004 from the consolidation of the net assets
of the REMIC trust is equivalent to the cost of the Controlling Class interests
acquired of $23,069.
The liability resulting from this transaction is non-recourse to Anthracite, and
is secured only by the commercial mortgage loan pools. This accounting treatment
increases the Company's debt to capital ratio from 4.6:1 to 7.6:1. The Company
received authorization from its lenders to permit debt to capital ratios in
excess of existing covenants. For income recognition purposes, the loans will
carry their own yields and the Company will establish a loss reserve consistent
with the credit assumptions made in establishing loss adjusted yields for
Controlling Class securities.
The Company continues to increase its investments in commercial real estate
securities. Commercial real estate securities include CMBS and investment grade
REIT debt. During the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company increased
its commercial real estate securities portfolio by 7.8% from $1,366,508 to
$1,472,636. This increase was primarily attributable to the purchase of CMBS and
investment grade REIT debt which have market values as of March 31, 2004 of
$85,303 and December 31, 2003 of $34,668.
On March 30, 2004 the Company issued its third collateralized debt obligation
("CDO III") offering through Anthracite CDO 2004-1. The total par value of bonds
sold was $372,456. The total cost of funds on a fully hedged basis was 5.0%. CDO
III also includes a $50,000 ramp facility that will be used to finance future
commercial real estate assets, thus eliminating financing risk for up to $50,000
of below investment grade CMBS investments to be acquired during the year.
The Company's CDO offerings allow the Company to match fund its commercial real
estate portfolio by issuing long-term debt to finance long-term assets. The CDO
debt is non-recourse to the Company; therefore, the Company's losses are limited
to its equity investment in the CDO. The CDO debt is also fully hedged to
protect the Company from an increase in short-term interest rates. The Company
considers all of its CMBS rated BB+ down to B to be financeable in a CDO
transaction; and as of March 31, 2004, over 95% of the market value of these
assets are match funded in the Company's CDOs in this manner.
Collateral as of March 31, 2004 Debt as of March 31, 2004
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adjusted Purchase Loss Adjusted Adjusted Issue Weighted Average
Price Yield Price Cost of Funds * Net Spread
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
CDO I $442,740 8.89% $404,813 7.21% 1.68%
CDO II 326,428 7.81% 280,256** 5.73% 2.08%
CDO III 396,986 6.64% 372,453*** 5.03% 1.61%
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
Total ** $1,166,154 7.82% $1,057,522 6.05% 1.77%
* Weighted Average Cost of Funds is the current cost of funds plus hedging
expenses.
** The Company chose not to sell $22,850 of par of CDO II debt rated
BBB- and BB.
***The Company chose not to sell $13,069 of par of CDO III debt
rated BB.
The following table details the par, fair market value, adjusted purchase price,
and loss adjusted yield of the Company's commercial real estate securities
outside of the CDOs as of March 31, 2004:
Fair Market Adjusted Loss Adjusted
Par Value Dollar Price Purchase Price Dollar Price Yield
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Investment grade CMBS $89,859 $86,033 95.74 $87,438 97.31 4.1%
Investment grade REIT debt 11,000 11,202 101.84 11,223 102.02 4.9%
CMBS rated BB+ to B 38,300 20,437 53.36 30,600 79.90 9.3%
CMBS rated B- or lower 312,675 85,136 27.23 113,306 36.24 12.2%
CMBS IOs 2,754,839 91,297 3.31 87,858 3.19 7.5%
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $3,206,673 $294,105 9.17 $330,425 10.30 8.3%
The following table details the par, fair market value, adjusted purchase price
and loss adjusted yield of the Company's commercial real estate securities
outside of the CDOs as of December 31, 2003:
Fair Market Adjusted Loss Adjusted
Par Value Dollar Price Purchase Price Dollar Price Yield
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Investment grade CMBS $277,276 $268,593 96.87 $272,853 98.40 4.9%
Investment grade REIT debt 29,000 29,567 101.95 30,210 104.17 5.0%
CMBS rated BB+ to B 186,217 133,868 71.89 150,775 80.97 8.9%
CMBS rated B- or lower 304,358 80,680 26.51 107,653 35.37 12.6%
CMBS IOs 2,623,456 84,493 3.22 83,704 3.19 7.5%
Other CMBS 20,266 20,142 99.39 20,264 99.99 5.7%
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $3,440,573 $617,343 17.94 $665,459 19.34 7.4%
Below Investment Grade CMBS and Underlying Loan Performance
The Company divides its below investment grade CMBS investment activity into two
portfolios; Controlling Class CMBS and other below investment grade CMBS. The
distinction between the two is in the controlling class rights the Company
obtains with its investment in Controlling Class CMBS. Controlling Class rights
allow the Company to control the workout and/or disposition of defaults that
occur in the underlying loans. These securities absorb the first losses realized
in the underlying loan pools. The Company's other below investment grade CMBS
have no rights associated with its ownership to control the workout and/or
disposition of underlying loan defaults; however, these investments are not the
first to absorb losses in the underlying pools. The coupon payment on the
non-rated security can also be reduced for special servicer fees charged to the
trust. The next highest rated security in the structure will then generally be
downgraded to non-rated and becomes the first to absorb losses and expenses from
that point on.
For the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company acquired $11,686 of par
of other below investment grade CMBS and $67,011 of par of new Controlling Class
securities. The total par of the Company's other below investment grade CMBS at
March 31, 2004 was $315,859; the average credit protection, or subordination
level, of this portfolio is 5.9%. The total par of the Company's Controlling
Class CMBS securities at March 31, 2004 was $833,209 and the total par of the
loans underlying these securities was $12,556,284.
The Company's investment in its Controlling Class CMBS securities by credit
rating category at March 31, 2004 is as follows:
Fair Market Dollar Adjusted Dollar Subordination
Par Value Price Purchase Price Price Level
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BB+ $86,139 $78,134 90.71 $73,806 85.68 7.15%
BB 93,330 83,316 89.27 79,796 85.50 5.92%
BB- 105,624 77,387 73.27 84,254 79.77 4.88%
B+ 51,780 33,771 65.22 35,473 68.51 3.26%
B 185,106 108,936 58.85 135,177 73.03 2.87%
B- 86,284 34,722 40.24 53,159 61.61 1.98%
CCC+ 11,924 5,780 48.47 7,166 60.09 1.56%
CCC 70,272 12,945 18.42 22,999 32.73 1.10%
C 8,940 2,797 31.28 2,692 30.11 0.63%
NR 132,210 24,614 18.62 23,316 17.64 n/a
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $831,609 $462,402 55.60 $517,838 62.27
The Company's investment in its Controlling Class CMBS securities by credit
rating category at December 31, 2003 is as follows:
Fair Market Dollar Adjusted Dollar Subordination
Par Value Price Purchase Price Price Level
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BB+ $84,503 $73,766 87.29 $72,680 86.01 7.54%
BB 89,945 75,349 83.77 76,842 85.43 6.04%
BB- 101,393 71,285 70.31 81,036 79.92 5.12%
B+ 44,314 28,904 65.22 31,179 70.36 3.43%
B 182,119 105,061 57.69 133,718 73.42 3.06%
B- 83,296 34,160 41.01 51,935 62.35 1.54%
CCC+ 11,924 5,595 46.92 7,129 59.78 1.53%
CCC 70,273 13,375 19.03 22,844 32.51 1.23%
C 8,940 2,531 28.31 2,734 30.58 0.62%
NR 129,925 25,003 19.24 23,011 17.71 n/a
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $806,632 $435,029 53.93 $503,108 62.37
For the three months ended March 31, 2004, the par amount of the Company's
Controlling Class CMBS securities was reduced by the servicers in the amount of
$15,526. Further delinquencies and losses may cause par reductions to continue
and cause the Company to conclude that a change in loss-adjusted yield is
required along with a write down of the adjusted purchase price through the
consolidated statement of operations according to EITF 99-20. Also for the three
months ended March 31, 2004, the underlying loan pools were paid down by
$68,009. Pay down proceeds are distributed to the highest rated CMBS class first
and reduce the percent of total underlying collateral represented by each rating
category.
For all of the Company's Controlling Class securities, the Company assumes that
a total of 2.08% of the original loan balance will not be recoverable. This
estimate was developed based on an analysis of individual loan characteristics
and prevailing market conditions at the time of origination. This loss estimate
equates to cumulative expected defaults of approximately 5.2% over the life of
the portfolio and an average assumed loss severity of 40.0% of the defaulted
loan balance. All estimated workout expenses including special servicer fees are
included in these assumptions. Actual results could differ materially from these
estimated results. See Item 3 -"Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About
Market Risk" for a discussion of how differences between estimated and actual
losses could affect Company earnings.
The Company monitors credit performance on a monthly basis and debt service
coverage ratios on a quarterly basis. Using these and other statistics, the
Company maintains watch lists for loans that are delinquent thirty days or more
and for loans that are not delinquent but have issues that the Company's
management believes require close monitoring. As part of its ongoing credit
monitoring the Company periodically performs a re-underwriting of a substantial
number of the underlying loans supporting its Controlling Class CMBS. We are
currently focusing on 1998 vintage transactions and expect to be completed with
this vintage by the fourth quarter of 2004. As each transaction review is
completed the Company may determine that its GAAP yields and book values need to
be adjusted.
The Company considers delinquency information from the Lehman Brothers Conduit
Guide to be the most relevant benchmark to measure credit performance and market
conditions applicable to its Controlling Class CMBS holdings. The year of
issuance, or vintage year, is important, as older loan pools will tend to have
more delinquencies than newly underwritten loans. The Company owns Controlling
Class CMBS issued in 1998, 1999, 2001, 2003 and 2004. Comparable delinquency
statistics referenced by vintage year as a percentage of current par as of March
31, 2004 are shown in the table below:
Underlying Delinquencies Lehman Brothers
Vintage Year Collateral Outstanding Conduit Guide
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 $7,414,007 1.82% 2.45%
1999 711,544 0.17% 2.53%
2001 909,560 0.00% 1.13%
2003 2,193,990 0.00% 0.03%
2004 1,327,183 0.00% 0.00%
----------------------------------------------------------------
Total $12,556,284 1.08%* 1.68%*
* Weighted average based on current principal balance.
Morgan Stanley also tracks CMBS loan delinquencies for the specific CMBS
transactions with more than $200,000 of collateral and that have been seasoned
for at least one year. This seasoning criterion will generally adjust for the
lower delinquencies that occur in newly originated collateral. As of March 31,
2004, the Morgan Stanley index indicated that delinquencies on 253
securitizations were 2.36%, and as of December 31, 2003, this same index
indicated that delinquencies on 243 securitizations were 2.47%. See Item 3 -
"Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks" for a detailed
discussion of how delinquencies and loan losses affect the Company.
Delinquencies on the Company's CMBS collateral as a percent of principal
increased in line with expectations. The Company's aggregate delinquency
experience is consistent with comparable data provided in the Lehman Brothers
Conduit Guide.
Of the 21 delinquent loans shown on the chart in Note 2 of the consolidated
financial statements, 2 loans were real estate owned and being marketed for
sale, 3 loans were in foreclosure, and the remaining 16 loans were in some form
of workout negotiations. Aggregate losses of $88 were realized during quarter
ended March 31, 2004, bringing cumulative net losses realized to $41,520 or
14.2% of total estimated losses. These losses include special servicer and other
workout expenses. Experience to date is in line with the Company's loss
expectations. Realized losses and special servicer expenses are expected to
increase on the underlying loans as the portfolio ages.
The Company manages its credit risk through disciplined underwriting,
diversification, active monitoring of loan performance and exercise of its right
to control the workout process for delinquent loans as early as possible. The
Company maintains diversification of credit exposures through its underwriting
process and can shift its focus in future investments by adjusting the mix of
loans in subsequent acquisitions. The comparative profiles of the loans
underlying the Company's CMBS by property type as of March 31, 2004 and December
31, 2003 are as follows:
3/31/04 Exposure 12/31/03 Exposure
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Property Type Loan Balance % of Total Loan Balance % of Total
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Multifamily $4,119,354 32.8% $3,770,944 33.2%
Retail 3,820,594 30.4 3,446,371 30.4
Office 2,678,582 21.3 2,266,160 20.0
Lodging 786,895 6.3 786,920 7.0
Industrial 790,073 6.3 713,942 6.3
Healthcare 335,282 2.7 337,333 3.0
Parking 25,504 0.2 25,611 0.2
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Total $12,556,284 100% $11,347,281 100%
====================================================================
As of March 31, 2004, the fair market value of the Company's holdings of
Controlling Class CMBS securities is $55,147 lower than the adjusted cost for
these securities. The adjusted purchase price and market value of the Company's
Controlling Class CMBS portfolio as of March 31, 2004 represents approximately
63% and 56%, respectively, of its par amount. As the portfolio matures, the
Company expects to recoup the unrealized loss, provided that the credit losses
experienced are not greater than the credit losses assumed in the purchase
analysis. As of March 31, 2004, the Company believes there has been no material
deterioration in the credit quality of its portfolio below current expectations.
As the portfolio matures and expected losses occur, subordination levels of the
lower rated classes of a CMBS investment will be reduced. This may cause the
lower rated classes to be downgraded which would negatively affect their market
value and therefore the Company's net asset value. Reduced market value will
negatively affect the Company's ability to finance any such securities that are
not financed through a CDO or similar matched funding vehicle. In some cases,
securities held by the Company may be upgraded to reflect seasoning of the
underlying collateral and thus would increase the market value of the
securities. For the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company experienced
no ratings changes on its CMBS.
The Company's generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of
America ("GAAP") income for its CMBS securities is computed based upon a yield,
which assumes credit losses will occur. The yield to compute the Company's
taxable income does not assume there will be credit losses, as a loss can only
be deducted for tax purposes when it has occurred. As a result, for the period
beginning with the year ended December 31, 1998 through the three months ended
March 31, 2004, the Company's GAAP income accrued on its CMBS assets was
approximately $28,459 lower than the taxable income accrued on its CMBS assets.
Commercial Real Estate Loan Activity
The Company's commercial real estate loan portfolio generally emphasizes larger
transactions located in metropolitan markets, as compared to the typical loan in
the CMBS portfolio. The Company has never suffered a loss in this portfolio.
Because the loan portfolio is relatively small and heterogeneous, the Company
has determined it is not necessary to establish a loan loss reserve.
The following table summarizes the Company's commercial real estate loan
portfolio by property type as of March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003:
Loan Outstanding Weighted Average Coupon
---------------------------------------------
March 31, 2004 December 31, 2003 March 31, 2004 December 31, 2003
--------------------- ----------------------- -------------------- ---------------------
Property Type Amount % Amount %
- ----------------- ---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- -------------------- ---------------------
Office $77,287 81.5% $57,381 76.4% 10.1% 9.4%
Residential 2,722 2.9 2,794 3.7 3.9% 3.8%
Retail - - - - -% -%
Hotel 14,842 15.6 14,951 19.9 6.6% 6.6%
---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- -------------------- ---------------------
Total $94,851 100.0% $75,126 100.0% 9.3% 8.6%
---------- ---------- ------------ ---------- -------------------- ---------------------
Recent Events
At the end of the first quarter of 2004, the Board of Directors approved the
Company's decision to redeem its Series B Preferred Stock. During the second
quarter of 2004 the Company will incur a one time charge to income available
to common stockholders of $10,508, which represents the difference between the
Series B Preferred Stock book value of $19 per share and its $25 redemption
price. The Series B Preferred Stock was redeemed on May 6, 2004.
II. Results of Operations
Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2004 was $9,843 or $0.20
per share (basic and diluted). Net income for the three months ended March 31,
2003 was $8,502 or $0.18 per share (basic and diluted). Net income increased
to $0.20 per share for the three months ended March 31, 2004 as compared to
$0.18 per share for the three months ended March 31, 2003.
Interest Income: The following tables sets forth information regarding the total
amount of income from certain of the Company's interest-earning assets.
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2004 2003
-------------------------- ----------------------
Interest Interest
Income Income
-------------------------- ----------------------
Commercial real estate securities $29,185 $19,953
Commercial real estate loans 1,479 1,430
RMBS 6,717 20,285
Cash and cash equivalents 88 176
-------------------------- ----------------------
Total $37,469 $41,844
========================== ======================
The following chart reconciles interest income and total income for the three
months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003.
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2004 2003
------------------------------------------------
Interest Income $37,469 $41,844
Earnings from real estate joint ventures 223 236
Earnings from equity investment 1,372 743
------------------------------------------------
Total Income $39,064 $42,823
================================================
Interest Expense: The following table sets forth information regarding the total
amount of interest expense from certain of the Company's collateralized
borrowings. Information is based on daily average balances during the period.
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2004 2003
------------------------- ------------------------
Interest Interest
Expense Expense
------------------------- ------------------------
Reverse repurchase agreements $3,147 $5,852
Lines of credit and term loan 955 136
CDO liabilities 11,167 6,405
========================= ========================
Total $15,269 $12,393
========================= ========================
The foregoing interest expense amounts for the three months ended March 31, 2004
do not include a $973 addition to interest expense related to hedge
ineffectiveness, as well as a $4,631 addition to interest expense related to
swaps. The foregoing interest expense amounts for the three months ended March
31, 2003 do not include a $262 addition to interest expense related to hedge
ineffectiveness, as well as a $7,050 addition to interest expense related to
swaps. See Note 10 of the consolidated financial statements, Derivative
Instruments, for a further description of the Company's hedge ineffectiveness.
Net Interest Margin and Net Interest Spread from the Portfolio: The Company
considers its portfolio to consist of its securities available-for-sale,
mortgage loan pools, commercial mortgage loans and cash and cash equivalents
because these assets relate to its core strategy of acquiring and originating
high yield loans and securities backed by commercial real estate, while at the
same time maintaining a portfolio of investment grade securities to enhance the
Company's liquidity.
Net interest margin from the portfolio is annualized net interest income from
the portfolio divided by the average market value of interest-earning assets in
the portfolio. Net interest income from the portfolio is total interest income
from the portfolio less interest expense relating to collateralized borrowings.
Net interest spread from the portfolio equals the yield on average assets for
the period less the average cost of funds for the period. The yield on average
assets is interest income from the portfolio divided by average amortized cost
of interest earning assets in the portfolio. The average cost of funds is
interest expense from the portfolio divided by average outstanding
collateralized borrowings.
The following chart describes the interest income, interest expense, net
interest margin and net interest spread for the Company's portfolio. The
following interest income and interest expense amounts exclude income and
expense related to real estate joint ventures, equity investment and hedge
ineffectiveness. The decrease in net interest margin is primarily a result
of lower leverage and the net interest spread decreased due to investment
in more higher credit quality CMBS.
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2004 2003
--------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Interest income $37,470 $41,844
Interest expense $19,898 $19,433
Net interest margin 3.17% 3.62%
Net interest spread 2.48% 3.30%
Other Expenses: Expenses other than interest expense consist primarily of
management fees and general and administrative expenses. Management fees paid to
the Manager of $2,130 and $2,577 for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and
2003, respectively, were solely base management fees and were lower as the
Manager agreed to reduce the management fees by 20% for the quarter ended March
31, 2004. General and administrative expense of $602 and $582 for the three
months ended March 31, 2004, and 2003, respectively, were comprised of
accounting agent fees, custodial agent fees, directors' fees, fees for
professional services, and insurance premiums.
Other Gains (Losses): During the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company
sold a portion of its securities available-for-sale for total proceeds of
$111,790, resulting in a realized gain of $2,813. No available-for-sale
securities were sold during the three months ended March 31, 2003, although the
Company did record a gain of $142 due to prepayment fees received in connection
with the early maturity of a security. The losses on securities held-for-trading
were $5,983 and $10,389 for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003,
respectively.
Dividends Declared: On March 11, 2004, the Company declared distributions to
its stockholders of $0.28 per share, which was paid on April 30, 2004 to
stockholders of record on March 31, 2004.
Changes in Financial Condition
Securities Available-for-sale: The Company's securities available-for-sale,
which are carried at estimated fair value, included the following at March 31,
2004 and December 31, 2003:
March 31, 2004 December 31,
Estimated 2003 Estimated
Fair Fair
Security Description Value Percentage Value Percentage
-------------------------------------------------- ---------------- --------------- ----------------- ----------------
Commercial mortgage-backed securities:
CMBS IOs $ 91,297 5.0% $84,493 4.7%
Investment grade CMBS 342,024 18.5 333,454 18.5
Non-investment grade rated subordinated
securities 723,033 39.3 678,424 37.6
Non-rated subordinated securities 28,840 1.6 25,019 1.4
Credit tenant lease 26,372 1.4 25,696 1.4
Investment grade REIT debt 261,070 14.2 219,422 12.1
---------------- --------------- ----------------- ----------------
Total CMBS 1,472,636 80.0 $1,366,508 75.7
---------------- --------------- ----------------- ----------------
Single-family residential mortgage-
backed securities:
Agency adjustable rate securities 151,378 8.2 180,381 10.0
Agency fixed rate securities 185,460 10.1 226,999 12.5
Residential CMOs 2,910 0.2 3,464 0.2
Hybrid arms 5,999 0.3 6,645 0.4
Project Loans 21,282 1.2 22,003 1.2
---------------- --------------- ----------------- ----------------
Total RMBS 367,029 20.0 439,492 24.3
---------------- --------------- ----------------- ----------------
Total securities available-for-sale $1,839,665 100.0% $1,806,000 100.0%
================ =============== ================= ================
The Company's CMBS and investment grade REIT debt increased slightly from
December 31, 2003 as the Company is continuing to purchase these types of
assets.
Borrowings: As of March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, the Company's debt
consisted of collateralized debt obligations, line-of-credit borrowings, and
reverse repurchase agreements, collateralized by a pledge of most of the
Company's securities available-for-sale, securities held-for-trading, and its
commercial mortgage loans. The Company's financial flexibility is affected by
its ability to renew or replace on a continuous basis its maturing short-term
borrowings. As of March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, the Company has obtained
financing in amounts and at interest rates consistent with the Company's
short-term financing objectives.
Under the lines of credit, and the reverse repurchase agreements, the lender
retains the right to mark the underlying collateral to market value. A reduction
in the value of its pledged assets would require the Company to provide
additional collateral or fund margin calls. From time to time, the Company
expects that it will be required to provide such additional collateral or fund
margin calls.
The following table sets forth information regarding the Company's
collateralized borrowings:
For the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2004
-----------------------------------------------------------------
March 31, 2004 Maximum Range of
Balance Balance Maturities
--------------------- ---------------- --------------------------
Collateralized debt obligations $1,057,522 $1,057,522 7.7 to 9.8 years
Reverse repurchase agreements 765,399 1,148,306 1 to 26 days
Line of credit and term loan borrowings 25,083 391,511 463 to 471 days
--------------------- ---------------- --------------------------
Hedging Instruments: From time to time, the Company may reduce its exposure to
market interest rates by entering into various financial instruments that adjust
portfolio duration. These financial instruments are intended to mitigate the
effect of changes in interest rates on the value of certain assets in the
Company's portfolio. At March 31, 2004, the Company had no outstanding U.S.
Treasury Note future contracts. At December 31, 2003, the Company had
outstanding short positions of 30 five-year and 73 ten-year U.S. Treasury Note
future contracts.
Interest rate swap agreements as of March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003
consisted of the following:
March 31, 2004
Weighted
Average
Estimated Unamortized Remaining
Notional Value Fair Value Cost Term
-------------------------------------------------------
Interest rate swaps $565,000 $(6,095) $ - 4.27 years
Interest rate swaps - CDO 954,740 (33,777) - 9.14 years
-------------------------------------------------------
Total $1,519,740 $(39,872) $ - 7.33 years
=======================================================
December 31, 2003
Weighted
Average
Estimated Unamortized Remaining
Notional Value Fair Value Cost Term
-------------------------------------------------------
Interest rate swaps $919,300 $(2,929) $23 5.46 years
Interest rate swaps - CDO 626,323 (23,423) - 9.17 years
-------------------------------------------------------
Total $1,545,623 $(26,352) $23 6.96 years
=======================================================
As of March 31, 2004, the Company had designated $1,040,295 notional of the
interest rate swap agreements as cash flow hedges. As of December 31, 2003, the
Company had designated $1,066,078 notional of the interest rate swap agreements
as cash flow hedges.
Capital Resources and Liquidity
Liquidity is a measurement of the Company's ability to meet potential cash
requirements, including ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, fund
investments, loan acquisition and lending activities and for other general
business purposes. The primary sources of funds for liquidity consist of
collateralized borrowings, principal and interest payments on and maturities of
securities available-for-sale, securities held-for-trading and commercial
mortgage loans, and proceeds from the maturity or sales thereof.
To the extent that the Company may become unable to maintain its borrowings at
their current level due to changes in the financing markets for the Company's
assets, the Company may be required to sell assets in order to achieve lower
borrowing levels. In this event, the Company's level of net income would
decline. The Company's principal strategies for mitigating this risk are to
maintain portfolio leverage at levels it believes are sustainable and to
diversify the sources and types of available borrowing and capital. The Company
has utilized committed bank facilities and preferred stock offerings, and will
consider resecuritization or other achievable term funding of existing assets.
At the end of the first quarter of 2004, the Board of Directors approved the
Company's decision to redeem its Series B Preferred Stock. During the second
quarter of 2004 the Company will incur a one-time charge to income available
to common stockholders of $10,508, which represents the difference between the
Series B Preferred Stock book value of $19 per share and its $25 redemption
price. The Series B Preferred Stock was redeemed on May 6, 2004.
For the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company issued 1,077,102 shares
of Common Stock under its Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan (the
"Dividend Reinvestment Plan"). Net proceeds to the Company were approximately
$12,606. The Company suspended its Dividend Reinvestment Plan for all
investments after March 26, 2004, and for all future investment dates. The
Dividend Reinvestment Plan will remain in place and may be resumed by the
Company at any time.
As of March 31, 2004, $167,347 of the Company's $185,000 committed credit
facility with Deutsche Bank, AG was available for future borrowings and $67,570
of the Company's $75,000 committed credit facility with Greenwich Capital, Inc.
was available.
At March 31, 2004, the Company's collateralized borrowings had the following
remaining maturities:
Total
Lines of Reverse Repurchase Collateralized Collateralized
Credit Agreements Debt Obligations Borrowings
-------------- --------------------- ------------------- --------------------
Within 30 days $ - $765,339 $ - $765,339
31 to 59 days - - - -
60 days to less than 1 year - - - -
1 year to 2 years 25,083 - - 25,083
Over 5 years - - 1,057,522* 1,057,522
-------------- --------------------- ------------------- --------------------
$25,083 $765,339 $1,057,522 $1,847,944
============== ===================== =================== ====================
* Comprised of $404,813 of CDO debt with a weighted average remaining maturity
of 8.04 years as of March 31, 2004, $280,256 of CDO debt with a weighted average
remaining maturity of 8.09 years as of March 31, 2004 and $372,453 of CDO debt
with a weighted average remaining maturity of 9.14 years as of March 31, 2004.
The Company has no off-balance sheet financing arrangements.
On March 30, 2004 the Company issued CDO III through Anthracite CDO 2004-1. The
total par value of bonds sold was $372,456. The total cost of funds on a fully
hedged basis was 5.0%. CDO III also includes a $50,000 ramp facility that will
be used to finance future commercial real estate assets, thus eliminating
financing risk for up to $50,000 of below investment grade CMBS investments to
be acquired during the year.
The Company's operating activities (used) provided cash flows of $(11,773) and
$402,887 during the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively,
primarily through purchase of trading securities offset by net income in 2004
and through the purchases of trading securities in 2003.
The Company's investing activities used cash flows of $12,734 and $383,540
during the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, primarily
to purchase securities available-for-sale and to fund commercial mortgage loans,
offset by significant sales of securities.
The Company's financing activities provided (used) $20,966 and $(22,835) during
the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, primarily from
increase in borrowings, issuance of common stock on dividends paid in 2004 and
decrease in borrowings and dividends paid in 2003.
The Company is subject to various covenants in its lines of credit, including
maintaining a minimum GAAP net worth of $305,000, a debt-to-equity ratio not to
exceed 5.5 to 1, a minimum cash requirement based upon certain debt to equity
ratios, a minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.5, and a minimum liquidity
reserve of $10,000. Due to the acquisition of the commercial mortgage loan pools
(see Note 4 of the consolidated financial statements), the Company's debt to
capital ratio increased from 4.4:1 at December 31, 2003 to 6.8:1 at March 31,
2004. The Company received authorization from its lenders to permit debt to
capital ratios in excess of existing covenants. As of March 31, 2004, the
Company was in compliance with all covenants.
The Company's ability to execute its business strategy depends to a significant
degree on its ability to obtain additional capital. Factors which could affect
the Company's access to the capital markets, or the costs of such capital,
include changes in interest rates, general economic conditions and perception in
the capital markets of the Company's business, covenants under the Company's
current and future credit facilities, results of operations, leverage, financial
conditions and business prospects. Consequently, there can be no assurance that
the Company will be able to effectively fund future growth. Except as discussed
herein, management is not aware of any other trends, events, commitments or
uncertainties that may have a significant effect on liquidity.
Contingent Liability
During 2000, the Company completed the acquisition of CORE Cap, Inc. At the time
of the CORE Cap, Inc. acquisition, the Manager agreed to pay GMAC (CORE Cap,
Inc.'s external advisor) $12,500 over a ten-year period ("Installment Payment")
to purchase the right to manage the Core Cap, Inc. assets under the existing
management contract ("GMAC Contract"). The GMAC Contract had to be terminated in
order to allow the Company to complete the merger, as the Company's management
agreement with the Manager did not provide for multiple managers. As a result
the Manager offered to buy-out the GMAC Contract as the Manager estimated it
would receive incremental fees above and beyond the Installment Payment, and
thus was willing to pay for, and separately negotiate, the termination of the
GMAC Contract. Accordingly, the value of the Installment Payment was not
considered in the Company's allocation of its purchase price to the net assets
acquired in the acquisition of CORE Cap, Inc. The Company agreed that should the
Management Agreement with its Manager be terminated, not renewed or not extended
for any reason other than for cause, the Company would pay to the Manager an
amount equal to the Installment Payment less the sum of all payments made by the
Manager to GMAC. As of March 31, 2004, the Installment Payment would be $8,000
payable over seven years. The Company does not accrue for this contingent
liability.
Transactions with Affiliates
The Company has a Management Agreement with the Manager, a majority owned
indirect subsidiary of The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. and the employer
of certain directors and officers of the Company, under which the Manager
manages the Company's day-to-day operations, subject to the direction and
oversight of the Company's Board of Directors. On March 25, 2002, the Management
Agreement was extended for one year through March 27, 2003, with the approval of
the unaffiliated directors, on terms similar to the prior agreement with the
following changes: (i) the incentive fee calculation would be based on GAAP
earnings instead of funds from operations, (ii) the removal of the four-year
period to value the Management Agreement in the event of termination and (iii)
subsequent renewal periods of the Management Agreement would be for one year
instead of two years. The Board of Directors of the Company was advised by
Houlihan Lokey Howard & Zukin Financial Advisors, Inc., a national investment
banking and financial advisory firm, in the renewal process.
On March 6, 2003, the unaffiliated directors approved an extension of the
Management Agreement from its expiration of March 27, 2003 for one year through
March 31, 2004. The terms of the renewed agreement are similar to the prior
agreement except for the incentive fee calculation which would provide for a
rolling four-quarter high watermark rather than a quarterly calculation. In
determining the rolling four-quarter high watermark, the Company would calculate
the incentive fee based upon the current and prior three quarters' net income.
The Manager would be paid an incentive fee in the current quarter if the Yearly
Incentive Fee, as defined, is greater than what was paid to the Manager in the
prior three quarters cumulatively. The Company will phase in the rolling
four-quarter high watermark commencing with the second quarter of 2003.
Calculation of the incentive fee will be based on GAAP and adjusted to exclude
special one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP accounting pronouncements
after discussion between the Manager and the unaffiliated directors. The
incentive fee threshold did not change. The high watermark provides for the
Manager to be paid 25% of the amount of earnings (calculated in accordance with
GAAP) per share that exceeds the product of the adjusted issue price of the
Company's common stock per share ($11.36 as of March 31, 2004) and the greater
of 9.5% or 350 basis points over the ten-year Treasury note.
The Management Agreement was further extended for one year from March 31, 2004
through March 31, 2005. The base management fee was revised to equal 2% of the
quarterly average total stockholders equity for the applicable quarter. The
incentive fee was revised to be 25% of the amount of earnings (calculated in
accordance with GAAP) per share that exceeds the product of the adjusted issue
price of the Company's common stock per share and the greater of 8.5% or 400
basis points over the ten-year Treasury note.
During the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2003 and for the three months ended
March 31, 2004, the Company paid the Manager an annual base management fee equal
to a percentage of the average invested assets of the Company as defined in the
Management Agreement. The base management fee was equal to 1% per annum of the
average invested assets rated less than BB- or not rated, 0.75% of average
invested assets rated BB- to BB+, and 0.20% of average invested assets rated
above BB+. During the third quarter of 2003, the Manager agreed to reduce the
management fees by 20% from its calculated amount for the third and fourth
quarter of 2003 and the first quarter of 2004. This revision resulted in $1,046
in savings to the Company during 2003 and $532 for the three months ended March
31, 2004, respectively.
The Company incurred $2,130 and $2,577 in base management fees in accordance
with the terms of the Management Agreement for the three months ended March 31,
2004 and 2003, respectively. In accordance with the provisions of the Management
Agreement, the Company recorded reimbursements to the Manager of $34 and $6 for
certain expenses incurred on behalf of the Company for the three months ended
March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, which are included in general and
administration expense on the accompanying consolidated statements of
operations.
Pursuant to the March 25, 2002 one-year Management Agreement extension, the
incentive fee was based on 25% of earnings (calculated in accordance with GAAP)
of the Company. For purposes of calculating the incentive fee during 2002, the
cumulative transition adjustment of $6,327 resulting from the Company's adoption
of SFAS 142 was excluded from earnings in its entirety and included in the
calculation of future incentive fees using an amortization period of three
years. The Company did not incur incentive compensation fees for the three
months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003.
The Company has an administration agreement with the Manager. Under the terms of
the administration agreement, the Manager provides financial reporting, audit
coordination and accounting oversight services to the Company. The agreement can
be cancelled upon 60-day written notice by either party. The Company pays the
Manager a monthly administrative fee at an annual rate of 0.06% of the first
$125 million of average net assets, 0.04% of the next $125 million of average
net assets and 0.03% of average net assets in excess of $250 million subject to
a minimum annual fee of $120. For the three months ended March 31, 2004 and
2003, the Company paid administration fees of $44 and $43, respectively, which
are included in general and administration expense on the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations.
The Company has entered into a $50 million commitment to acquire shares in
Carbon Capital, Inc. ("Carbon"), a private commercial real estate income
opportunity fund managed by the Manager. The period during which the Company may
be required to purchase shares under the commitment, expires in July 2004. The
Company does not incur any additional management or incentive fees to the
Manager as a result of its investment in Carbon. On March 31, 2004, the Company
owned 19.8% of the outstanding shares in Carbon. The Company's remaining
commitment at March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003 was $18,685 and $23,034,
respectively.
REIT Status: The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT and therefore must
comply with the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code with respect thereto.
Accordingly, the Company generally will not be subject to Federal income tax to
the extent of its distributions to stockholders and as long as certain asset,
income and stock ownership tests are met. The Company may, however, be subject
to tax at corporate rates or at excise tax rates on net income or capital gains
not distributed.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market Risk: Market risk includes the exposure to loss resulting from changes in
interest rates, credit curve spreads, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity
prices and equity prices. The primary market risks to which the Company is
exposed are interest rate risk and credit curve risk. Interest rate risk is
highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental, monetary and tax
policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and
other factors beyond the control of the Company. Credit curve risk is highly
sensitive to the dynamics of the markets for commercial mortgage securities and
other loans and securities held by the Company. Excessive supply of these assets
combined with reduced demand will cause the market to require a higher yield.
This demand for higher yield will cause the market to use a higher spread over
the U.S. Treasury securities yield curve, or other benchmark interest rates, to
value these assets. Changes in the general level of the U.S. Treasury yield
curve can have significant effects on the market value of the Company's
portfolio.
The majority of the Company's assets are fixed rate securities valued based on a
market credit spread to U.S. Treasuries. As U.S. Treasury securities are priced
to a higher yield and/or the spread to U.S. Treasuries used to price the
Company's assets is increased, the market value of the Company's portfolio may
decline. Conversely, as U.S. Treasury securities are priced to a lower yield
and/or the spread to U.S. Treasuries used to price the Company's assets is
decreased, the market value of the Company's portfolio may increase. Changes in
the market value of the Company's portfolio may affect the Company's net income
or cash flow directly through their impact on unrealized gains or losses on
securities held-for-trading or indirectly through their impact on the Company's
ability to borrow. Changes in the level of the U.S. Treasury yield curve can
also affect, among other things, the prepayment assumptions used to value
certain of the Company's securities and the Company's ability to realize gains
from the sale of such assets. In addition, changes in the general level of the
London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") money market rates can affect the
Company's net interest income. As of March 31, 2004, all of the Company's
liabilities outside of the CDOs are floating rate based on a market spread to
LIBOR. As the level of LIBOR increases or decreases, the Company's interest
expense will move in the same direction.
The Company may utilize a variety of financial instruments, including interest
rate swaps, caps, floors and other interest rate exchange contracts, in order to
limit the effects of fluctuations in interest rates on its operations. The use
of these types of derivatives to hedge interest-earning assets and/or
interest-bearing liabilities carries certain risks, including the risk that
losses on a hedge position will reduce the funds available for payments to
holders of securities and that such losses may exceed the amount invested in
such instruments. A hedge may not perform its intended purpose of offsetting
losses or increased costs. Moreover, with respect to certain of the instruments
used as hedges, the Company is exposed to the risk that the counterparties with
which the Company trades may cease making markets and quoting prices in such
instruments, which may render the Company unable to enter into an offsetting
transaction with respect to an open position. If the Company anticipates that
the income from any such hedging transaction will not be qualifying income for
REIT income purposes, the Company may conduct part or all of its hedging
activities through a to-be-formed corporate subsidiary that is fully subject to
Federal corporate income taxation. The profitability of the Company may be
adversely affected during any period as a result of changing interest rates.
The Company monitors and manages interest rate risk based on a method that takes
into consideration the interest rate sensitivity of the Company's assets and
liabilities, including its preferred stock. The Company's objective is to
acquire assets and match fund the purchase so that interest rate risk associated
with financing these assets is reduced or eliminated. The primary risks
associated with acquiring and financing these assets are mark to market risk and
short-term rate risk. Examples of these financing types include 30-day
repurchase agreements and committed borrowing facilities. Certain secured
financing arrangements provide for an advance rate based upon a percentage of
the market value of the asset being financed. Market movements that cause asset
values to decline would require a margin call or a cash payment to maintain the
relationship between asset value and amount borrowed. A cash flow based CDO is
an example of a secured financing vehicle that does not require a mark to market
to establish or maintain a level of financing. When financed assets are subject
to a mark to market margin call, the Company carefully monitors the interest
rate sensitivity of those assets. The duration of the assets financed which are
subject to a mark to market margin call was 0.79 years based on reported GAAP
book value as of March 31, 2004.
The Company's reported book value incorporates the market value of the Company's
interest bearing assets but it does not incorporate the market value of the
Company's interest bearing liabilities. The fixed rate interest bearing
liabilities and preferred stock will generally reduce the actual interest rate
risk of the Company from a pure economic perspective even though changes in the
value of these liabilities are not reflected in the Company's book value. The
fixed rate liabilities issued in CDO I, CDO II and CDO III reduce the Company's
economic duration by approximately 6.67 years. The Series C Preferred Stock
reduces the Company's economic duration by approximately 0.87 year. The
Company's reported book value is not reduced by these liabilities and therefore
is approximately 7.63 years longer than the economic duration. The Company's
duration management strategy focuses on the economic risk and maintains economic
duration within a band of 3.0 to 5.0 years. At March 31, 2004, economic duration
was 3.15 years. Earnings per share is analyzed using the assumptions that
interest rates, as defined by the LIBOR curve, increase or decrease and that the
yield curves of the LIBOR rate shocks will be parallel to each other. Market
value in this scenario is calculated using the assumption that the U.S. Treasury
yield curve remains constant even though changes in both long- and short-term
interest rates can occur simultaneously.
Regarding the table below, all changes in income and value are measured as
percentage changes from the respective values calculated in the scenario labeled
as "Base Case." The base interest rate scenario assumes interest rates as of
March 31, 2004. Actual results could differ significantly from these estimates.
Projected Percentage Change In
Earnings Per Share
Given LIBOR Movements
Change in LIBOR, Projected Change in
+/- Basis Points Earnings per Share
- ------------------------------- -------------------------
-100 $(0.019)
-50 $(0.010)
Base Case
+50 $0.010
+100 $0.019
+200 $0.038
Credit Risk: The Company's portfolios of commercial real estate assets are
subject to a high degree of credit risk. Credit risk is the exposure to loss
from loan defaults. Default rates are subject to a wide variety of factors,
including, but not limited to, property performance, property management,
supply/demand factors, construction trends, consumer behavior, regional
economics, interest rates, the strength of the U.S. economy, and other factors
beyond the control of the Company.
All loans are subject to a certain probability of default. Before acquiring a
Controlling Class security, the Company will perform an analysis of the quality
of all of the loans proposed. As a result of this analysis, loans with
unacceptable risk profiles are either removed from the proposed pool or the
Company receives a price adjustment. The Company underwrites its Controlling
Class CMBS investments assuming the underlying loans will suffer a certain
dollar amount of defaults and these defaults will lead to some level of realized
losses. Loss adjusted yields are computed based on these assumptions and applied
to each class of security supported by the cash flow on the underlying loans.
The most significant variables affecting loss adjusted yields include, but are
not limited to, the number of defaults, the severity of loss that occurs
subsequent to a default and the timing of the actual loss. The different rating
levels of CMBS will react differently to changes in these assumptions. The
lowest rated securities (B- or lower) are generally more sensitive to changes in
timing of actual losses. The higher rated securities (B or higher) are more
sensitive to the severity of losses.
The Company generally assumes that all of the principal of a non-rated security
and a significant portion, if not all, of CCC and a portion of B- rated
securities will not be recoverable over time. The loss adjusted yields of these
classes reflect that assumption; therefore, the timing of when the total loss of
principal occurs is the most important assumption in determining value. The
interest coupon generated by a security will cease when there is a total loss of
its principal regardless of whether that principal is paid. Therefore, timing is
of paramount importance because the longer the principal balance remains
outstanding, the more interest coupon the holder receives; which results in a
larger economic return. Alternatively, if principal is lost faster than
originally assumed, there is less opportunity to receive interest coupon; which
results in a lower or possibly negative return. Additional losses which occur
due to greater severity will not have a significant effect as all principal is
already assumed to be non-recoverable.
If actual principal losses on the underlying loans exceed assumptions, the
higher rated securities will be affected more significantly as a loss of
principal may not have been assumed. The Company generally assumes that all
principal will be recovered by classes rated B or higher. The Company manages
credit risk through the underwriting process, establishing loss assumptions and
careful monitoring of loan performance. After the securities have been acquired,
the Company monitors the performance of the loans, as well as external factors
that may affect their value.
Factors that indicate a higher loss severity or acceleration of the timing of an
expected loss will cause a reduction in the expected yield and therefore reduce
the earnings of the Company. Furthermore, the Company may be required to write
down a portion of the adjusted purchase price of the affected assets through its
consolidated statements of financial condition.
For purposes of illustration, a doubling of the losses in the Company's
Controlling Class CMBS, without a significant acceleration of those losses,
would reduce GAAP income going forward by approximately $0.30 per share of
Common Stock per year and cause a significant write down at the time the loss
assumption is changed. The amount of the write down depends on several factors,
including which securities are most affected at the time of the write down, but
is estimated to be in the range of $1.00 to $1.30 per share based on a doubling
of expected losses. A significant acceleration of the timing of these losses
would cause the Company's net income to decrease. The increase in these
estimates from December 31, 2003 is a result of the Company's purchase of the
below investment grade portion of two additional Controlling Class CMBS trusts.
The Company's exposure to a write down is mitigated by the fact that most of
these assets are financed on a non-recourse basis in the Company's CDOs, where a
significant portion of the risk of loss is transferred to the CDO bondholders.
As of March 31, 2004, securities with a total market value of $1,166,411 are
collateralizing the CDO borrowings of $1,057,522; therefore, the Company's
residual interest in the three CDOs is $108,889 ($2.15 per share). In accordance
with GAAP, The CDO borrowings are not marked to market even though their
economic value will change in response to changes in interest rates and/or
credit spreads.
Interest rate swap agreements contain an element of risk in the event that the
counterparties to the agreements do not perform their obligations under the
agreements. The Company minimizes its risk exposure by entering into agreements
with parties rated at least A or better by Standard & Poor's Rating Services.
Furthermore, the Company has interest rate swap agreements established with
several different counterparties in order to reduce the risk of credit exposure
to any one counterparty. Management does not expect any counterparty to default
on their obligations.
Asset and Liability Management: Asset and liability management is concerned with
the timing and magnitude of the repricing and/or maturing of assets and
liabilities. It is the Company's objective to attempt to control risks
associated with interest rate movements. In general, management's strategy is to
match the term of the Company's liabilities as closely as possible with the
expected holding period of the Company's assets. This is less important for
those assets in the Company's portfolio considered liquid as there is a very
stable market for the financing of these securities.
Other methods for evaluating interest rate risk, such as interest rate
sensitivity "gap" (defined as the difference between interest-earning assets and
interest-bearing liabilities maturing or repricing within a given time period),
are used but are considered of lesser significance in the daily management of
the Company's portfolio. Management considers this relationship when reviewing
the Company's hedging strategies. Because different types of assets and
liabilities with the same or similar maturities react differently to changes in
overall market rates or conditions, changes in interest rates may affect the
Company's net interest income positively or negatively even if the Company were
to be perfectly matched in each maturity category.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company's management,
with the participation of the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure
controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-14(c) and
15d-14(c) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange
Act")) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such
evaluation, Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have
concluded that, as of the end of such period, the Company's disclosure controls
and procedures are effective in alerting them on a timely basis to material
information relating to the Company (including its consolidated subsidiaries)
required to be included in the Company's reports filed or submitted under the
Exchange Act.
(b) Changes in Internal Controls. There has been no change in the Company's
internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31,
2004 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect,
such internal control over financial reporting.
Part II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
At March 31, 2004 there were no pending legal proceedings of which the Company
was a defendant or of which any of its property was subject.
Item 2. Changes in Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of
Equity Securities
Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of Maximum Number of Shares
Total Number of Average Price Publicly Announced Plans that May Yet Be Purchased
Shares Purchased Paid per Share or Programs Under the Plans or Programs
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
January 1, 2004 through - - - -
January 31, 2004
February 1, 2004 through
February 29, 2004 - - - -
March 1, 2004 through March
31, 2004 1,757,257(1) 25.00 1,757,257 -
----------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1,757,257 25.00 1,757,257
================================================================
(1) At the end of the first quarter of 2004, the Board of Directors approved
the Company's decision to redeem its Series B Preferred Stock. During the
second quarter, the Company will incur a one-time charge to income available
to common stockholders of $10,508, which represents the difference between the
Series B Preferred Stock book value of $19 per share and its $25 redemption
price. The Series B Preferred Stock was redeemed on May 6, 2004.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
None.
Item 5. Other Information
On April 6, 2004, the Board of Directors approved the Company's decision to
redeem its Series B Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value per share ("Series B
Preferred Stock"), which redemption closed on May 6, 2004. The Company
initially considered the decision to redeem as a recharacterization of the
Series B Preferred Stock from conditionally redeemable to mandatorily
redeemable, and recorded the cost to retire the Series B Preferred Stock in
excess of its carrying value of $10,508,000, in the Consolidated Statements of
Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2004, as included in the
Company's Form 8-K dated May 7, 2004.
At the time of the Company's May 7, 2004 8-K, the Company considered after
consultation with its independent auditors Deloitte & Touche LLP ("D&T") the
conversion option included in the Series B Preferred Stock to be
nonsubstantive, as the redemption price of the Series B Preferred Stock of $25
per share was substantially higher than the approximately $16.24 per share
shareholders would receive if the Series B Preferred Stock were converted into
Common Stock of the Company on the date of redemption. Subsequent to May 7,
2004, the Company in consultation with D&T determined that the conversion
option should be evaluated only at the original issuance of the Series B
Preferred Stock, at which time the conversion feature was substantive.
Therefore, the cost to retire the Series B Preferred Stock will be recorded in
the second quarter of 2004 instead of the first quarter of 2004, as previously
reported. As a result for the three months ended March 31, 2004 the Company's
net income available to common stockholders per share is $9,843 ($0.20 per
share) versus a net loss to common stockholders of $665 ($0.01 per share) as
previously reported.
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
Exhibits
10.1 Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement, dated as of
March 11, 2004, between the Registrant and BlackRock Financial
Management, Inc.
31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer
31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer
32.1 Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer
Reports on Form 8-K
On February 4, 2004, the Company filed a Current Report on Form 8-K to report
under Item 5 the Company's earnings for the quarter and full year ended December
31, 2003.
On March 18, 2004, the Company filed a Current Report on Form 8-K to report
under Item 5 the pricing of $372,456,000 of non-recourse debt offered through
Anthracite CDO III Ltd. and Anthracite CDO III Corp.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
ANTHRACITE CAPITAL, INC.
Dated: May 10, 2004 By: /s/ Christopher A. Milner
--------------------------------------------
Name: Christopher A. Milner
Title: President and Chief Executive Officer
(duly authorized representative)
Dated: May 10, 2004 By: /s/ Richard M. Shea
-------------------------------------------
Name: Richard M. Shea
Title: Chief Operating Officer and Chief
Financial Officer