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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998
Commission File Number: 1-1927
THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Ohio 34-0253240
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
1144 East Market Street, Akron, Ohio 44316-0001
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (330) 796-2121
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Name Of Each Exchange On
Title Of Each Class Which Registered
------------------- ------------------------
Common Stock, Without Par Value New York Stock Exchange
Chicago Stock Exchange
Pacific Exchange
Preferred Stock Purchase Rights New York Stock Exchange
Chicago Stock Exchange
Pacific Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
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Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes X No __
------------------------------------
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to
Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein or in the definitive proxy
statement incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K. [].
------------------------------------
The aggregate market value of Registrant's outstanding Common Stock held
by nonaffiliates of the Registrant on February 16, 1999, determined using the
per share closing price thereof on the New York Stock Exchange Composite
Transactions tape of $47.50 on that date, was approximately $7,407,866,442.50
------------------------------------
Shares of Common Stock, Without Par
Value, outstanding at February 16, 1999:
155,987,524
-----------------------------------
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:
Portions of Registrant's definitive
Proxy Statement, dated February 26, 1999, for
its 1999 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are
incorporated by reference into Part III.
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THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY
Annual Report on Form 10-K
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 1998
Table of Contents
Item Page
Number Number
- ------ ------
PART I
1 Business.................................................... 1
2 Properties.................................................. 17
3 Legal Proceedings........................................... 19
4 Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders......... 21
4(A) Executive Officers of Registrant............................ 22
PART II
5 Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related
Stockholder Matters....................................... 26
6 Selected Financial Data..................................... 28
7 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations....................... 29
7(A) Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About
Market Risk............................................... 41
8 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data................. 43
9 Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on
Accounting and Financial Disclosure....................... 69
PART III
10 Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.......... 69
11 Executive Compensation...................................... 69
12 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and
Management................................................ 69
13 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.............. 69
PART IV
14 Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on
Form 8-K.................................................. 70
Signatures................................................ 72
Index to Financial Statement Schedules.................... FS-1
Index of Exhibits......................................... X-1
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ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
BUSINESS OF GOODYEAR
The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company is an Ohio corporation organized in
1898. Its principal offices are located at 1144 East Market Street, Akron, Ohio
44316-0001. Its telephone number is (330) 796-2121. The term "Registrant"
wherever used herein refers solely to The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company. The
terms "Goodyear" and the "Company" wherever used herein refer to The Goodyear
Tire & Rubber Company together with all of its domestic and foreign subsidiary
companies, unless the context indicates to the contrary.
Goodyear is one of the world's leading manufacturers of tires and rubber
products, engaging in operations in most regions of the world. Goodyear's 1998
net sales were $12.626 billion and income from continuing operations was $717.0
million. Goodyear's net income for 1998 was $682.3 million. Goodyear's worldwide
employment averaged 96,950 during 1998.
Goodyear's principal business is the development, manufacture, distribution
and sale of tires for most applications. Goodyear also manufactures and markets
several lines of rubber and other products for the transportation industry and
various other industrial and consumer markets and numerous rubber-related
chemicals for various applications, provides automotive repair and other
services at retail and commercial outlets and sells various other products.
FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION - SAFE HARBOR STATEMENT
Certain information set forth herein (other than historical data and
information) may constitute forward-looking statements regarding events and
trends which may affect the Company's future operating results and financial
position. The words "estimate," "expect," "intend" and "project," as well as
other words or expressions of similar meaning, are intended to identify
forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on
forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Annual
Report on Form 10-K. Such statements are based on current expectations, are
inherently uncertain, are subject to risks and should be viewed with caution.
Actual results and experience may differ materially from the forward-looking
statements as a result of many factors, including: changes in economic
conditions in the various markets served by the Company's operations; increased
competitive activity; fluctuations in the prices paid for raw materials and
energy; changes in the monetary policies of various countries where the Company
has significant operations; and other unanticipated events and conditions. It is
not possible to foresee or identify all such factors. The Company makes no
commitment to update any forward-looking statement, or to disclose any facts,
events or circumstances, after the date hereof that may affect the accuracy of
any forward-looking statement.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN GOODYEAR'S BUSINESS
1998 DEVELOPMENTS
Goodyear introduced the Aquasteel EMT line of passenger tires using
extended mobility technology (EMT) in the North America replacement market
during 1998. EMT run-flat tires enable automobiles to travel up to 50 miles at
up to 55 mph after the tire has lost air pressure. EMT tires are expected to
eventually eliminate the need for spare tires. Goodyear also introduced the
Eagle F1-Steel, the Eagle HP Ultra and the Eagle Ultra Grip GW-2 performance
passenger tire lines and the Wrangler ST all season and Wrangler TF-A (rotation
free) light truck tire lines.
In Europe, the Company introduced twelve new lines of radial passenger
tires during 1998, led by the Eagle Ventura, ten new lines of radial medium
truck tires, led by the Marathon Long Haul Steer and Drive and the Omnitrac
Mixed Service lines and two new lines of farm tires. In Latin America, the
Company introduced the NCT2 and NCT3 lines of radial passenger tires, the
Wrangler AT/S line of radial light truck tires and the 300 Unisteel series of
radial medium truck tires. In Asia, the Company introduced the Eagle F1 high
performance radial passenger tire and the Wrangler D Mark radial light truck
tire.
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In 1998, the Company increased its interest in South Asia Tyres Limited
from a 50% equity interest to 100% equity ownership at a cost of $21 million
and, as a result, acquired $103 million of additional debt. The Company also
acquired an additional 15% of the equity of Nippon Giant Tire Company, a
manufacturer of heavy equipment tires in Japan, for approximately $7.0 million,
raising its equity interest in the firm from 50% to 65%. Brad Ragan Inc. became
a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company in December 1998, when the Company
acquired the 25.5% of the outstanding shares of Brad Ragan Inc. it did not own
at a cost of approximately $20.75 million.
In 1997, Goodyear re-entered the South African market by acquiring a 60%
equity interest in the tire and engineered rubber products businesses of Contred
for approximately $121 million, including assumed debt. On March 2, 1998, the
Company purchased the remaining 40 percent interest in these South African
subsidiaries from Anglovaal Industries Ltd. for approximately $59 million. The
Company's South African subsidiaries own and operate tire and engineered
products manufacturing facilities and numerous retail tire outlets and truck and
earthmover tire retreading facilities located throughout South Africa.
The Company acquired, effective as of July 1, 1998, a 60% equity interest
in the tire manufacturing facilities and business of SAVA, d.d., a tire
manufacturer in Slovenia, at a total cost of $95.7 million. A new company was
formed to own and operate the tire manufacturing facilities and related assets
and businesses formerly owned by SAVA, d.d.. The new company, which is owned 60%
by Goodyear and 40% by SAVA, d.d., owns and operates a tire manufacturing plant
and certain related distribution facilities in Slovenia.
On July 30, 1998, Goodyear sold all of the capital stock of All American
Pipeline Company, Celeron Gathering Corporation and Celeron Trading &
Transportation Company (the "Celeron Companies") to a subsidiary of Plains
Resources, Inc. The Celeron Companies owned and operated the All American
Pipeline System, a 1,225 mile crude oil pipeline, and related crude oil
transportation and trading assets. The operations of the Celeron Companies
during 1998 prior to the sale were reported as discontinued operations. Goodyear
received $422.3 million cash proceeds from the sale, which included the
distribution of $25.1 million to Goodyear prior to the closing. The sale of the
Celeron Companies resulted in a loss, net of income from operations during 1998,
of $34.7 million after tax.
During 1998, the Company also sold a latex processing facility in Georgia,
six distribution facilities and certain other real estate. These transactions
resulted in gains totaling $123.8 million ($76.4 million after tax).
Goodyear continued its program to enhance production capacity and efficiency
through plant modernization and expansion projects. Expansions of the Company's
Fayetteville, North Carolina, Napanee, Ontario, Americana, Brazil and Marakina,
Philippines tire plants were completed during 1998. Significant plant
modernization and expansion projects are presently underway at the Company's
Napanee, Ontario, Danville, Virginia, Union City, Tennessee, Medicine Hat,
Alberta, Valleyfield, Quebec, Debica, Poland, Ballabgarh, India, and Bangkok,
Thailand tire plants, at the Company's Statesville, North Carolina tire mold
plant, at the Company's Kranj, Slovenia power transmission products plant, at
the Company's San Luis Potosi, Mexico hose products and air springs plant, and
at the Beaumont, Texas, synthetic rubber and rubber chemicals plant. During
1998, the Company also commenced construction of a new passenger tire
manufacturing plant in Brazil, which is expected to be completed in late 2000 at
a cost of approximately $60 million, and a new power transmission products plant
in Chihuahua, Mexico, which is expected to be completed in late 1999 at a cost
of approximately $20 million.
1999 DEVELOPMENTS
GLOBAL ALLIANCE. On February 3, 1999, the Company entered into a
Memorandum of Understanding with Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. ("Sumitomo")
regarding the formation of a strategic global alliance for the manufacture,
distribution and sale of tires. The Memorandum
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contemplates a global alliance through the creation of joint ventures in
Europe, North America and Japan and global technology and purchasing joint
ventures. The Memorandum also contemplates that the Company would purchase 10%
(after giving effect to the purchase) of the shares of the Common Stock of
Sumitomo and that Sumitomo would invest an equal amount of money in the Common
Stock of the Company. The formation of the global alliance is subject to the
negotiation of definitive agreements, which are expected to be signed by
mid-1999. The joint ventures are expected to be formed and operating by year-end
1999. The formation of the global alliance is also subject to the receipt of
various necessary regulatory approvals.
The Memorandum provides, among other things, that the Company would own
75%, and Sumitomo would own 25%, of a holding company in Europe that would own
substantially all of Sumitomo's tire businesses in Europe, which include eight
tire manufacturing plants located in England, France and Germany and sales and
distribution operations in 18 European countries, and all of the Company's tire
businesses in Europe, excluding the Company's aircraft tire business and the
Company's tire businesses in Poland (other than a sales company), Slovenia and
Turkey (as well as in Morocco and South Africa which are reported as a part of
the Company's Europe Tire Segment) and excluding the Company's textile, steel
tire cord and tire mold manufacturing plants and technical center and related
facilities located in Luxembourg. The Company would also acquire 75% of
Sumitomo's tire manufacturing operations in North America and of certain of its
related tire sales and distribution operations. The balance of Sumitomo's tire
distribution and sales operations in the United States and Canada would be 100%
owned by the Company. The Company would also acquire a 25% equity interest in
each of two tire companies in Japan, one for the distribution and sale of
Goodyear-brand passenger and truck tires in the replacement market in Japan and
the other for the distribution and sale of Goodyear-brand and Dunlop-brand tires
to original equipment manufacturers in Japan. The Company would also own 51%
(and Sumitomo would own 49%) of a company for the global development of
technology and providing certain technology services and 80% (and Sumitomo would
own 20%) of a global purchasing company. Under the terms of the Memorandum, at
closing (which is expected to occur during 1999) the Company would pay a total
of $936 million to Sumitomo, subject to certain adjustments. The cash payment is
expected to be financed in whole or substantial part by the issuance of debt
during 1999.
Assuming the global alliance with Sumitomo is completed during 1999 and
assuming the business to be included by Sumitomo in the European and North
American joint ventures generate sales in 2000 as a part of the joint ventures
equal to the sales those businesses generated in 1998, it is estimated that the
global alliance with Sumitomo will contribute approximately $2.5 billion to
Goodyear's consolidated net sales in 2000. Goodyear also expects that completing
the global alliance with Sumitomo will result in Goodyear being the largest
company in the tire industry in terms of annual unit tire sales and annual
revenues from tire sales.
In connection with the aforesaid investment in the capital stock of
Sumitomo, on February 25, 1999, the Company purchased at par from Sumitomo a
1.2% Convertible Note Due August 16, 2000 in the principal amount of
Y13,073,070,934 (equivalent to approximately $108.0 million at February 25,
1999, based on an exchange rate of 121 Yen per dollar), which is
convertible, if not earlier redeemed, beginning July 16, 2000 into shares of the
Common Stock, Y50 par value per share, of Sumitomo at a conversion price of
Y539 per share, subject to certain adjustments. Upon conversion of the
Sumitomo note into Sumitomo Common Stock, the Company would own 10% of
Sumitomo's outstanding shares. On February 25, 1999, the Company issued at par
its 1.2% Convertible Note Due August 16, 2000 in the principal amount of
Y13,073,070,934 which is convertible, if not earlier redeemed, beginning
July 16, 2000 into 2,281,115 shares of the Common Stock, without par value, of
the Company at a conversion price of Y5,731 per share, subject to certain
adjustments.
GLOBAL MANUFACTURING RATIONALIZATION. Goodyear announced a global
rationalization plan on February 3, 1999 to respond to the continuing Asian
economic downturn and the recent economic slowdown in Latin America and to
retire inefficient operations in the United States. The
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principal element of the plan is the termination of tire production at the
Company's Gadsden, Alabama, tire manufacturing plant by the end of 1999. The
Gadsden plant will continue to mix rubber for the Company's other tire and its
engineered products plants in North America. The Gadsden plant is one of the
Company's largest, oldest and most inefficient plants. Tire production will be
transferred primarily to the Company's other United States tire plants. In
Europe, Latin America and Asia, Goodyear will eliminate inefficient capacity at
five of its tire plants. In addition, the Company will eliminate certain
Engineered and Chemical Products production operations. As a result of the
global rationalization plan, approximately 2,800 jobs will be permanently
eliminated. The Company expects to take a charge of approximately $150 million
($96 million after tax) in the first quarter of 1999. When completed, the
global rationalization plan is expected to result in annual cost savings of
$100 million to $150 million.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION ABOUT GOODYEAR'S SEGMENTS
Financial information relating to Goodyear's "Segments" for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 1998 appears in Note 19 captioned
"Business Segments" of the Notes to Financial Statements set forth in Item 8 of
this Annual Report, at pages 64 through 66, inclusive, and is incorporated
herein by specific reference.
DESCRIPTION OF GOODYEAR'S BUSINESS
GENERAL SEGMENT INFORMATION
In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131,
"Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information" ("SFAS
131"), adopted by Registrant effective December 31, 1998, "Segment" information
is now presented to reflect the operating business units of the Company.
Segment information for 1997 and 1996 has been restated to reflect the Company's
operating "Segments."
In prior years, the Company's "Industry Segments" were Tires and General
Products and its "Geographic Segments" were United States, Europe, Latin
America, Asia and Canada. Under SFAS 131, the Company's "Segments" are North
American Tire, Europe Tire, Latin American Tire and Asia Tire (collectively the
"Tire Segments") and Engineered Products and Chemical Products. Each Tire
Segment manufactures tires that are exported and sold to one or more of the
other Tire Segments. The sales and operating income of each of the Tire Segments
exclude sales and operating income in respect of tires sold to the other Tire
Segments and include sales and operating income derived from tires exported and
sold to unaffiliated customers. Sales and operating income of the Chemical
Products Segment include sales and operating income in respect of products
transferred to the Tire Segments and the Engineered Products Segment.
GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING THE TIRE SEGMENTS
Goodyear's principal business is the development, manufacture,
distribution and sale of tires and related products and services worldwide.
Goodyear manufactures and markets in most regions of the world a broad line of
rubber tires for automobiles, trucks, buses, tractors, farm implements,
earthmoving equipment, aircraft, industrial equipment and various other
applications, in each case for sale to original equipment manufacturers and in
the replacement markets. Goodyear also (1) manufactures and sells inner tubes
and flaps for truck tires and other types of tires, (2) retreads truck, aircraft
and heavy equipment tires, and (3) manufactures and sells tread rubber and other
tire retreading materials. In the United States, Canada and certain other
countries, Goodyear also offers automotive repair services and miscellaneous
other products and services.
The principal class of products of the Tire Segments is new tires for
most applications. No other class of products or services accounted for as much
as 10% of Goodyear's consolidated sales during any of the last three years. The
table below sets forth the percentage of Goodyear's consolidated net sales and
operating income attributable to the Tire Segments, and the percentage
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of Goodyear's net sales attributable to tires, for each year in the three year
period ended December 31, 1998:
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------ ------ ------
Total sales of Tire Segments 86.3% 85.8% 85.5%
Total operating income of Tire Segments 77.7% 78.5% 78.2%
Tire sales 77.2% 77.3% 76.7%
Goodyear offers tires for most applications and to all classes of
customers. Worldwide, Goodyear's sales of new tires to the numerous replacement
markets it serves substantially exceed its sales of new tires to original
equipment manufacturers. Goodyear offers two basic constructions of tires,
radial and bias ply. Various belting and reinforcing materials are used,
including nylon and polyester fiber tire cord and steel belts and tire cord.
During 1998, approximately 95.8% of all passenger tires, 84.4% of all light
truck tires and 76.7% of all medium truck tires sold by Goodyear were radial
construction.
No customer or group of affiliated customers accounted for as much as 5.1%
of Goodyear's consolidated net sales during 1998, 1997 or 1996. Worldwide,
Goodyear's annual net sales to its ten largest customers, including their
respective affiliates, represented less than 21.9% of consolidated net sales
during each of 1998, 1997 or 1996. No customer or group of affiliated customers
accounted for as much as 4.8% of the sales of the Tire Segments during 1998,
1997 or 1996. The ten largest customers of the Tire Segments represented less
than 22.1% of the sales of the Tire Segments during each of 1998, 1997 and 1996.
New tires are sold under highly competitive conditions throughout the
world. On a worldwide basis, Goodyear has two major competitors:
Bridgestone/Firestone (based in Japan) and Michelin/Uniroyal Goodrich (based in
France). Other competitors include Cooper Tire, Continental/General, Pirelli,
Sumitomo/Dunlop, Toyo, Yokohama, Kumho, Hankook and various regional tire
companies.
Goodyear competes with other tire manufacturers on the basis of price,
warranty, service, consumer convenience and product design, performance and
reputation. The Company believes Goodyear-brand tires enjoy a high recognition
factor throughout the world and have a reputation for high quality and value.
Kelly-brand, Fulda-brand, Debica-brand, Sava-brand, and various other
house-brand tire lines offered by the Company, and tires manufactured and sold
by the Company to private-brand customers, compete primarily on the basis of
price and performance.
The Company does not consider its business as a whole, or the business of
the Tire Segments individually or as a group, to be seasonal to any significant
degree. Goodyear maintains a significant inventory of new tires in order to
optimize production schedules and assure prompt delivery to its customers,
especially original equipment manufacturers that require "just in time"
deliveries of tires or tire and wheel assemblies. Goodyear manages its tire
production and inventory levels to avoid unnecessary increases in unit
production costs and limit working capital requirements, ordinarily by
optimizing production schedules consistent with anticipated demand.
The following table indicates the percentage change in Goodyear's annual
unit sales of passenger, truck and farm tires worldwide:
PERCENTAGE INCREASE (DECREASE) IN GOODYEAR'S ANNUAL UNIT SALES OF
PASSENGER, TRUCK AND FARM TIRES
1998 vs 1997 1997 vs 1996
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North American Tire 2.3% 2.4%
Europe Tire 5.6% 9.8%
Latin America Tire (4.8)% 7.5%
Asia Tire (7.7)% 4.7%
Worldwide (All Tire Segments) 1.7% 5.0%
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Based on information available from various industry and other sources and
information published by the Rubber Manufacturers Association (the "RMA"), the
Company sells more tires in the United States than any other tire manufacturer
and, on the basis of annual net sales, is the third largest tire manufacturer in
the world. Based on various industry and other sources, it is estimated that the
Company's share of the worldwide auto, truck and farm tire markets was
approximately 20% in 1998, 19% in 1997, and 18% in 1996.
NORTH AMERICAN TIRE
Goodyear's largest Segment, the North American tire business, develops,
manufactures, distributes and sells tires and related products and services in
the United States and Canada (the "North American Tire Segment"). The principal
class of products of the North American Tire Segment is new tires for most
applications. No other class of products or services accounted for as much as
10% of the consolidated sales of the North American Tire Segment during any of
the past three years.
The table below sets forth the percentage of Goodyear's consolidated net
sales and operating income attributable to the North American Tire Segment, and
the percentage of the North American Tire Segment sales attributable to the sale
of new tires, for each year in the three year period ended December 31, 1998:
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
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North American Tire Segment sales.............. 49.4% 47.5% 47.2%
North American Tire Segment operating income... 33.6% 31.8% 27.1%
Tire sales................................ 86.3% 86.7% 86.0%
TIRES. The North American Tire Segment manufactures and sells a broad line
of tires in North America for automobiles, trucks, buses, tractors, farm
implements, earth moving equipment, aircraft, industrial equipment and various
other applications.
Goodyear-brand radial passenger tire lines sold in North America include
the premium all season Infinitred, the Eagle performance touring tire lines, the
Eagle F1-Steel, Eagle Ultra Grip GW-2, the Eagle Gatorback and the Eagle
Aquatred high performance tire lines and run-flat extended mobility technology
tires, including the new Aquasteel EMT. Other major lines of passenger tires
include the Regatta, Aquatred and Invicta lines. The major lines of
Goodyear-brand radial light truck tires offered in the United States and Canada
are the Wrangler and Workhorse.
The North American Tire Segment manufactures and markets a full line of
all-steel cord and belt construction radial medium truck tires, the Unisteel
series, for various applications, including line-haul highway use and off-road
service. The newest truck tire line is the Unisteel G-177, which features a
high-tensile steel reinforced cording, a skid resistant tread design and a new
damage resistant tread compound.
Several lines of tires for other applications are manufactured by Goodyear
in North America, including radial and bias-ply tires for farm machinery and
heavy equipment. Goodyear also manufactures aircraft tires for commercial and
military aircraft in the United States. The Kelly-Springfield Tire group
("Kelly"), an operating division of the North American Tire Segment,
manufactures and distributes various lines of radial and bias-ply passenger and
truck tires for sale in the United States and Canadian replacement markets.
RELATED PRODUCTS AND SERVICES OF NORTH AMERICAN TIRE SEGMENT. The North
American Tire Segment also retreads truck, aircraft and heavy equipment tires,
primarily as a service to its commercial customers, and manufactures and sells
tread rubber and other tire retreading materials for various applications.
Additional products and services of the North American Tire Segment include
(1) automotive repair services provided through Goodyear's retail outlets,
(2) the sale to dealers and consumers of automotive repair and maintenance
items, automotive equipment and accessories and other items, and
(3) miscellaneous other products and services.
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Market and Other Information
The North American Tire Segment sells Goodyear-brand tires to vehicle
manufacturers for use as original equipment on vehicles they produce and sells
Goodyear-brand, Kelly-brand, other house brand and private brand tires through
various channels of distribution for sale to vehicle owners for replacement
purposes. Goodyear's sales of tires in the North American replacement markets
substantially exceed its sales of tires to original equipment manufacturers.
During 1998, the North American Tire Segment exported and sold approximately
3.3% of its tire production to unaffiliated customers outside North America,
delivered approximately 8.7% of its tire production to the other Tire Segments,
primarily Europe Tire and Latin American Tire, and imported approximately 7.7%
of the tires it sold from the other Tire Segments.
In North America, all passenger tires (except bias-ply temporary spare
tires) and approximately 94.7% of all light and medium truck tires sold by the
Company during 1998 were radial construction. Approximately 33.8% of all
passenger tires sold in the United States and Canada during 1998 were high
performance type tires.
No customer or group of affiliated customers of the North American Tire
Segment accounted for as much as 7.0% of its sales during 1998. The ten largest
customers of the North American Tire Segment accounted for less than 34.7% of
its sales during 1998.
Goodyear is a major supplier of tires to most manufacturers of
automobiles, trucks, farm and construction equipment and aircraft that have
facilities located in North America. The motor vehicle manufacturers supplied by
the North American Tire Segment include DaimlerChrysler, Ford, General Motors,
BMW, Honda, Mitsubishi, Nissan, Toyota, Volvo, AAI, Freightliner, Mack Truck,
Navistar, Peterbuilt, Kenworth, Caterpillar, John Deere and J.I. Case. Aircraft
manufacturers supplied by Goodyear include Boeing and Lockhead-Martin.
Goodyear's major competitors in the North American tire market are
Bridgestone/Firestone, Michelin/Uniroyal Goodrich, Sumitomo/Dunlop,
Continental/General and Cooper, each with manufacturing facilities and other
operations in North America. Other significant competitors in North America are
Pirelli, Toyo, Yokohama, Kumho, Hankook, who are primarily importers of tires,
and various regional tire manufacturers that export tires to North America.
Goodyear-brand tires are sold in the United States and Canadian
replacement markets through several channels of distribution. The principal
method of distribution is a large network of independent dealers. Goodyear-brand
tires are also sold to numerous national and regional retail marketing firms in
the United States, including Sears Roebuck & Co., Wal-Mart, Penske Auto Centers
and Montgomery Ward. In addition, Goodyear operates approximately 988 retail
outlets (including auto service centers, commercial tire and service centers and
leased space in department stores) under the Goodyear name or under the Brad
Ragan, Carolina Tire or Just Tires trade styles. Several lines of Kelly-brand
and various other house brand passenger and truck tires are marketed through
independent dealers. Private brand and associate brand tires are sold to
independent dealers, to national and regional wholesale marketing organizations,
including TBCCorporation, retail chain marketers, including Wal-Mart, Discount
Tire, Sears Roebuck & Co. and Big-O, and to various other retail marketers.
Automotive parts, automotive maintenance and repair services and
associated merchandise, are sold under highly competitive conditions in the
United States and Canada through approximately 915 of the retail outlets
operated by Goodyear. Automotive repair and maintenance items, automotive
equipment and accessories and other items, which are purchased by the Company
for resale, are distributed to many of the Company's tire dealers.
Goodyear from time to time offers various financing and extended payment
programs to certain of its tire customers in the North American replacement
market. Goodyear does not believe these programs, when considered in the
aggregate, require an unusual amount of working capital relative to the volume
of sales involved and prevailing tire industry practices in North America.
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Based on a composite of industry sources and information published by the
RMA, it is estimated that approximately 242 million passenger tires were sold in
the United States during 1998, compared to approximately 238 million in 1997.
Based on current economic forecasts, Goodyear expects the total market for
passenger tires in the United States in 1999 to increase approximately 0.5%
compared to 1998, with 1999 passenger tire demand expected to decrease
approximately 0.8% in the original equipment market and to increase
approximately 0.9% in the replacement market.
Based on a composite of industry sources and information published by the
RMA, it is estimated that approximately 58 million light and medium highway
truck tires were sold in the United States during 1998, compared to 53 million
units sold during 1997. Goodyear estimates that demand for light and medium
highway truck tires in the United States during 1999 will increase approximately
2.5%.
Based on information available from various industry and other sources,
the Company sells more tires in the United States and Canada than any other tire
manufacturer. Based on RMA data and other available information, Goodyear
estimates that its share of the North American tire market during 1998 was
approximately 29.6%, compared to 30.2% in 1997 and 30.6% in 1996.
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration ("NHTSA"), under
authority granted to it by the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of
1966, as amended, has established various standards and regulations relating to
motor vehicle safety, some of which apply to tires sold in the United States for
highway use. The NHTSA has the authority to order the recall of automotive
products, including tires, having defects deemed to present a significant safety
risk. NHTSA has also issued "Tire Registration" regulations which require the
registration of tires for the purpose of identification in the event of a
product recall and "Uniform Tire Quality Grading" regulations which require the
grading of passenger tires for treadwear, traction and temperature resistance
pursuant to prescribed testing procedures and the molding of such grades into
the sidewall of each tire. Passenger and highway truck tires are required to be
identified by ten-digit manufacturing identification codes molded on the
sidewall of each tire. The effect of compliance with these regulations on
Goodyear's sales and profits cannot be determined. However, these regulations
have increased the cost of producing and marketing passenger tires in the United
States.
EUROPE TIRE
The Company's second largest Segment, the European tire business,
develops, manufactures, distributes and sells a broad line of tires for
automobiles, trucks, farm implements and construction equipment throughout
Europe and in Morocco and South Africa, distributes and sells tires to various
export markets in the Middle East, Africa and other regions, and provides
related products and services (the "Europe Tire Segment"). The principal class
of products of the Europe Tire Segment is new tires for most applications. The
Europe Tire Segment manufactures tires in plants located in England, France,
Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Morocco, Poland, Slovenia, South Africa and Turkey.
The table below sets forth the percentage of Goodyear's consolidated net
sales and operating income attributable to the Europe Tire Segment, and the
percentage of Europe Tire Segment sales attributable to the sale of new tires,
for each year in the three year period ended December 31, 1998:
Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------
1998 1997 1996
----- ----- -----
Europe Tire Segment sales 23.1% 22.4% 22.1%
Europe Tire Segment operating income 26.8% 22.4% 25.7%
Tire sales 94.9% 95.2% 95.5%
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The Europe Tire Segment manufactures and sells several lines of radial
passenger and light truck tires, led by the Eagle and the Eagle Aquatred
passenger tire lines and the Wrangler light truck tire line. The Europe Tire
Segment also offers the Unisteel series of truck tires as well as a full line of
bias-ply medium truck tires and a broad line of tires for farm implements and
heavy equipment.
The Europe Tire Segment sells new, and manufactures and sells retreaded,
aircraft tires in Europe. The Europe Tire Segment also provides various
retreading and related services for truck and heavy equipment tires, primarily
for its commercial customers, offers automotive repair and related services
through certain retail outlets in which it owns a controlling interest, and
provides other related products and services.
Markets and Other Information
The Europe Tire Segment distributes and sells tires in most countries in
Europe and in Morocco and South Africa. Tires are sold to all classes of
customers. Goodyear's sales to customers in the various replacement markets
served by the Europe Tire Segment substantially exceed its sales to original
equipment manufacturing customers. During 1998, the Europe Tire Segment exported
and sold approximately 2% of its tire production to unaffiliated customers
located outside Europe, Morocco and South Africa, primarily in the Middle East
and Africa. Approximately 0.5% of the tires produced by the Europe Tire Segment
during 1998 were delivered to Goodyear's other Tire Segments, primarily the
North American Tire Segment, and approximately 4.5% of the tires it sold were
imported from the other Tire Segments.
In Europe, substantially all passenger and light truck tires, and
approximately 90% of all medium truck tires, sold by the Company during 1998
were radials. Approximately 30% of passenger tires sold by the Company in Europe
during 1998 were high performance type tires.
The Europe Tire Segment is a significant supplier of tires to most
manufacturers of automobiles, trucks and farm and construction equipment located
in Europe and South Africa. Manufacturers supplied by Goodyear include
DaimlerChrysler, Fiat, Volkswagen, Volvo, Ferrari, BMW, Peugeot, Alfa Romeo,
Renault, subsidiaries of Ford and General Motors, and New Holland.
Goodyear is a leading tire manufacturer in Europe and South Africa. The
Europe Tire Segment's major competitors are Michelin, Continental,
Bridgestone/Firestone, Dunlop and Pirelli. Other significant competitors include
several regional tire producers and imports by tire manufacturers from other
regions, primarily Asia.
Goodyear-brand tires in the European replacement markets are sold through
various channels of distribution. The principal method of distribution is
through independent tire dealers who sell several brands of tires. In some
countries in Europe, Goodyear-brand tires, as well as Kelly-brand, Fulda-brand,
Debica-brand and Sava-brand tires (which are brands owned or controlled by the
Company), are sold through independent dealers and regional distributors and
through approximately 181 retail outlets operated by multi-brand retail tire
chains controlled by Goodyear. In South Africa, tires are sold through a retail
chain of approximately 220 stores owned by the Company and through independent
dealers. In the Middle East and most of Africa, tires are sold to regional
distributors for resale to independent dealers.
No customer or group of affiliated customers accounted for as much as 2.8%
of the Europe Tire Segment's sales during 1998. The ten largest customers of the
Europe Tire Segment represented less than 15.1% of the Europe Tire Segment sales
for 1998. The Europe Tire Segment offers payment terms consistent with industry
practice in the region. The working capital requirements of the Europe Tire
Segment are not unusual relative to the volume of sales involved and prevailing
tire industry practices in the countries served by the Europe Tire Segment.
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LATIN AMERICAN TIRE
Another Segment, the Latin American tire business, manufactures,
distributes and sells tires in Mexico and throughout Central and South America,
sells tires to various export markets, retreads and sells commercial truck,
aircraft and heavy equipment tires, and provides other products and services
(the "Latin American Tire Segment"). The principal class of products of the
Latin American Tire Segment is new tires for automobiles, trucks and farm
equipment. The Latin American Tire Segment manufactures tires in plants located
in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Guatemala, Mexico, Peru and Venezuela.
The table below sets forth the percentage of Goodyear's consolidated net
sales and operating income attributable to the Latin American Tire Segment, and
the percentage of Latin American Tire Segment sales attributable to the sale of
new tires, for each year in the three year period ended December 31, 1998:
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
-------- --------- --------
Latin American Tire Segment sales 9.9% 10.8% 10.5%
Latin American Tire Segment operating income 16.5% 19.4% 19.4%
Tire sales 90.5% 91.0% 90.9%
The Latin American Tire Segment manufactures and sells several lines of
radial and bias-ply passenger, light truck and medium truck tires in Latin
America, including the GPS2 radial passenger tire, the Wrangler radial light
truck tire and various radial and bias-ply medium truck tires. The Latin
American Tire Segment also (1) manufactures and sells tubes for truck and heavy
equipment tires, (2) retreads, and provides various materials and related
services for, truck, aircraft and heavy equipment tires, (3) manufactures other
products, including batteries for motor vehicles, (4) sells new aircraft tires,
and (5) provides miscellaneous other products and services.
Markets and Other Information
The Latin American Tire Segment distributes and sells a broad line of tires
for automobiles, trucks and farm equipment throughout Latin America and in
various export markets to original equipment manufacturers and the several
replacement markets. Goodyear's sales of tires to the replacement markets served
by the Latin American Tire Segment substantially exceed its sales to original
equipment manufacturers. In Mexico and Central and South America, approximately
82.4% of all passenger and light truck tires, and approximately 26.7% of all
medium truck tires, sold by the Company during 1998 were radials.
The Latin American Tire Segment sells its tires to vehicle manufacturers in
Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Venezuela and to independent
dealers and distributors in the several replacement markets in the regions. The
Latin American Tire Segment is a major supplier of tires to most manufacturers
of automobiles and trucks with facilities in the region, including Ford, General
Motors, Volkswagen, DaimlerChrysler, Fiat and Renault.
Goodyear is the leading tire producer in each of the markets served by the
Latin American Tire Segment. Goodyear's major competitors in Latin America
include Bridgestone/Firestone, Michelin and Pirelli. Other competitors include
various regional producers and imports by various other tire companies,
primarily from Asia. During 1998, the Latin American Tire Segment delivered
approximately 27.7% of its tire production to other Tire Segments, primarily
passenger and truck tires to the United States from plants in Argentina, Brazil,
Chile and Mexico, exported and sold approximately 8.6% of its tire production to
unaffiliated customers outside Latin America, and imported approximately 4.2% of
the tires it sold from the other Tire Segments.
No customer or group of affiliated customers accounted for as much as 8.2%
of the Latin American Tire Segment's sales during 1998. The ten largest
customers of the Latin American
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Tire Segment represented less than 27.5% of its sales for 1998. The working
capital requirements of the Latin American Tire Segment are limited to the
extent possible to reduce the effects of inflationary economic conditions in the
region and are consistent with prevailing tire industry practices in Latin
America. In certain countries the operations of the Latin American Tire Segment
are affected from time to time by price controls, import controls, labor
regulations, tariffs, and other restrictive governmental regulations.
ASIA TIRE
The Company's tire business in Asia engages in the development,
manufacture, distribution and sale of tires throughout the Western Pacific,
including China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia and Thailand (the "Asia Tire
Segment"). The Asia Tire Segment manufactures and sells several lines of tires
for automobiles, light and medium trucks, farm implements and construction
equipment for both the original equipment and replacement markets. The Asia Tire
Segment manufactures tires at facilities located in China, India, Indonesia,
Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Thailand.
The table below sets forth the percentage of Goodyear consolidated net
sales and operating income attributable to the Asia Tire Segment, and the
percentage of Asia Tire Segment sales attributable to the sale of new tires, for
each year of the three year period ended December 31, 1998:
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------
1998 1997 1996
------ ----- ------
Asia Tire Segment sales 4.0% 5.1% 5.7%
Asia Tire Segment operating income 0.7% 4.9% 6.0%
Tire sales 96.0% 96.9% 96.6%
The Asia Tire Segment manufactures and sells several lines of radial and
bias-ply passenger tires, led by the new Eagle F1 high performance line, the
GPS2 and Eagle Aquatred lines, and various lines of radial and bias-ply truck
tires, including the Wrangler D-Mark radial light truck tire line and the
Hi-Miler bias-ply medium truck tire line.
The Asia Tire Segment also (1) manufactures tubes for truck, farm and heavy
equipment tires, (2) retreads truck, heavy equipment and aircraft tires, and (3)
provides miscellaneous other products and services.
Markets and Other Information
The Asia Tire Segment distributes and sells tires in most countries in Asia
and the Western Pacific. Tires are sold to all classes of customers. Goodyear's
sales to the replacement markets served by the Asia Tire Segment substantially
exceed its sales to original equipment customers in the region. The Asia Tire
Segment also exports tires to other Tire Segments and to markets the Company had
previously served from other regions or had not previously supplied. During
1998, the Asia Tire Segment delivered approximately 30.3% of its tire production
to other Tire Segments, primarily the North American Tire Segment, exported
and sold approximately 7.8% of its tire production to unaffiliated customers
located outside the region, and imported approximately 1.8% of the tires it sold
from the other Tire Segments. Approximately 85% of all passenger and light truck
tires, and approximately 7% of all medium truck tires, sold by the Asia Tire
Segment during 1998 were radials.
Goodyear supplies tires to global automobile manufacturers with facilities
in China, Japan, the Philippines and India, including Ford, General Motors,
Volkswagen, DaimlerChrysler, Toyota, Honda, Nissan, BMW, Fiat, Volvo, Isuzu,
Daihatsu and Mitsubishi and regional manufacturers including Bandan (Indonesia),
Perodua and Protron (Malaysia), Maruti, Skoda and Telco (India) and AAT
(Thailand). In the replacement market, Goodyear sells tires through
approximately 1,600 dealers and distributors. In Japan, the Company sells
Goodyear-brand tires made by Sumitomo in the replacement market through
traditional distribution channels.
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Goodyear is a leading tire manufacturer in several of the markets served by
the Asia Tire Segment, including Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines.
Goodyear is not a major supplier in Thailand, India, Japan, Korea or China. In
Asia, Goodyear's principal competitors include Bridgestone, Michelin, Toyo,
Yokohama, Sumitomo, Kumho, Hankook, MRF, Ceat and numerous regional tire
companies.
No customer or group of affiliated customers accounted for as much as 10.6%
of the sales of the Asia Tire Segment during 1998. The ten largest customers of
the Asia Tire Segment accounted for less than 31.8% of its 1998 sales.
Ordinarily, the working capital requirements of the Asia Tire Segment are low
relative to the volume of sales involved and are consistent with prevailing tire
industry practices in each market it serves. During the past two years working
capital requirements have increased somewhat due to the economic downturn in
most of the region.
The Asia Tire Segment information does not include the operations of South
Pacific Tyre, an Australian Partnership, and South Pacific Tyre Ltd, a New
Zealand Company (together "SPT"), which are joint ventures 50% owned by Goodyear
and 50% owned by Pacific Dunlop Corporation. SPT is the largest tire
manufacturer in Australia and New Zealand, with five tire manufacturing plants
and 17 retread plants. For additional information regarding SPT, see Note 19,
"Business Segments", of the notes to Financial Statements set forth in Item 8 of
this Annual Report, at page 64. In Australia and New Zealand, SPT sells Goodyear
brand and Dunlop brand tires through a chain of 540 retail stores and commercial
tire centers owned by SPT.
ENGINEERED PRODUCTS
Another Segment engages in the development, manufacture, distribution and
sale of numerous rubber and thermoplastic products worldwide (the "Engineered
Products Segment"). The table below sets forth the percentage of Goodyear's
consolidated net sales and operating income attributable to the Engineered
Products Segment for each year in the three year period ended December 31, 1998:
Year Ended December 31,
----------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------ ------ -----
Engineered Products Segment sales 10.1% 10.1% 9.8%
Engineered Products Segment operating income 9.9% 10.8% 10.1%
The products and services comprising the Engineered Products Segment
include: (1) belts and hoses for motor vehicles; (2) air springs, engine mounts
and chassis parts for motor vehicles; (3) conveyor and power transmission belts;
(4) air, water, steam, hydraulic, petroleum, fuel, chemical and materials
handling hose for industrial applications; (5) tank tracks; and (6) various
other engineered rubber products and miscellaneous services. Engineered Products
are manufactured in plants located in the United States, Canada, Brazil,
Australia, China, Venezuela, Mexico, Slovenia and South Africa.
Markets and Other Information
Most products of the Engineered Products Segment are sold directly to
manufacturers or through independent wholesale distributors. The major portion
of the sales of the Engineered Products Segment is made to various industrial
and transportation markets for replacement purposes.
The Engineered Products Segment consists of several product lines in
respect of which several manufacturers produce some, but not all, of the
products manufactured by Goodyear. There are numerous suppliers of automotive
belts and hose products, air springs, engine mounts and other rubber components
for motor vehicles. More than 50 major firms participate in the various
engineered rubber products markets. These markets are highly competitive, with
quality,
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service and price being the most significant factors to most customers.
Goodyear believes the products offered by the Engineered Products Segment are
generally considered to be high quality and competitive in price and
performance.
During 1998, the ten largest customers of the Engineered Products Segment
accounted for approximately 41.4% of Engineered Products Segment sales and no
customer accounted for more than 13.7% of Engineered Products Segment sales. The
principal customers of the Engineered Products Segment include DaimlerChrysler,
Ford, General Motors, Navistar and AutoZone. The Engineered Products Segment
business is not seasonal to any significant degree and does not maintain a
significant inventory or require an unusual amount of working capital when
considered in relation to the volume of business transacted.
CHEMICAL PRODUCTS
Another Segment engages in the development, manufacture, distribution and
sale of synthetic rubber and rubber latices and numerous resins and organic
chemicals used in rubber and plastic processing and various other chemical
products for industrial customers worldwide (the "Chemical Products Segment").
The Chemical Products Segment also owns and operates a natural rubber plantation
in Indonesia, owns and operates two natural rubber processing facilities, and
conducts natural rubber purchasing operations.
The table below sets forth the percentage of Goodyear's consolidated net
sales and operating income attributable to the Chemical Products Segment (which
includes sales and operating income in respect of products transferred to the
other Segments), and to the sales of the Chemical Products Segments to
Goodyear's other Segments, for each year in the three year period ended
December 31, 1998:
Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------ ------ ------
Chemical Products Segment sales 7.7% 8.3% 8.9%
Chemical Products Segment operating income 12.4% 10.7% 11.7%
Chemical Products Segment sales to other Segments 4.2% 4.4% 4.2%
The major portion (54.0%, 52.3% and 47.4% in 1998, 1997 and 1996,
respectively) of the revenues of the Chemical Products Segment were sales to
Goodyear's other Segments, primarily synthetic rubber and rubber processing
chemicals to the North American Tire Segment, at the lower of a formula price or
market. Substantially all production is in the United States, except for certain
rubber chemicals manufactured in France.
Markets and Other Information
The Tire Segments purchase substantially all synthetic rubber, and the
major portion of the rubber processing chemicals, produced by the Chemical
Products Segment. All products of the Chemical Products Segment sold to external
customers are sold directly to manufacturers of various rubber, plastic and
chemical products. Natural rubber produced by the Company's plantation and two
natural rubber processing facilities is used by the Company, although in the
past substantially all natural rubber produced by the Company was sold in the
world market. Several major firms are significant suppliers of one or more
chemical products similar to those manufactured by Goodyear. The markets are
highly competitive, with product quality and price being the most significant
factors to most customers. Goodyear believes the products offered by Chemical
Products Segment are generally considered to be high quality and competitive in
price and performance.
During 1998, the ten largest unaffiliated customers of the Chemical
Products Segment accounted for approximately 10.9% of the sales of the Chemical
Products Segment and no unaffiliated customer accounted for more than 2.0% of
its sales. The Chemical Products Segment business is not seasonal to any
significant degree and does not require an unusual amount of inventory or
working capital relative to the volume of business transacted.
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GENERAL BUSINESS INFORMATION
Sources and Availability of Raw Materials
The principal raw materials used in Goodyear's tires and other rubber
products are synthetic and natural rubber. Goodyear purchases substantially all
of its requirements for natural rubber in the world market. Synthetic rubber
accounted for approximately 54%, 55% and 54% of all rubber consumed by Goodyear
worldwide during 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. The Company's plants located
in Beaumont and Houston, Texas, supply the major portion of its synthetic rubber
requirements in the United States. The major portion of the synthetic rubber
used by Goodyear outside the United States is supplied by third parties. The
principal raw materials used in the production of synthetic rubber are butadiene
and styrene purchased from independent suppliers and isoprene purchased from
independent suppliers or produced by Goodyear from purchased materials.
Nylon and polyester yarn, substantial quantities of which are processed in
Goodyear's textile mills, and wire for radial tires, a portion of which is
produced by Goodyear, are used in significant quantities by Goodyear. Other
important raw materials used by Goodyear are carbon black, pigments, chemicals
and bead wire. Substantially all of these raw materials are purchased from
independent suppliers, except for certain chemicals which Goodyear manufactures.
Goodyear purchases most of the materials and supplies it uses in significant
quantities from several suppliers, except in those instances where only one or a
few qualified sources are available. As in 1998, Goodyear anticipates the
continued availability (subject to possible spot shortages) of all such
materials during 1999.
Goodyear uses substantial quantities of chemicals and fuels in the
production of tires and other rubber products, synthetic rubber and latex and
other products. Supplies of chemicals and fuels have been and are expected to
continue to be adequate for the Company's manufacturing plants.
Natural rubber and certain other raw material prices decreased during 1998.
In general, the Company does not anticipate significant changes in raw material
prices during 1999, although many materials are likely to continue to be subject
to some price volatility.
Patents and Trademarks
Goodyear owns approximately 1,895 patents issued by the United States
Patent Office and approximately 7,359 patents issued or granted in other
countries around the world, and also has licenses under numerous patents of
others, covering various improvements in the design and manufacture of its
products and in processes and equipment for the manufacture of its products.
Goodyear also has approximately 550 applications for United States Patents
pending and approximately 5,288 patent applications on file in other countries
around the world. While Goodyear considers that such patents, patent
applications and licenses as a group are of material importance, it does not
consider any one patent, patent application or license, or any related group of
them, to be of such importance that the loss or expiration thereof would
materially affect its business considered as a whole or the business of any of
its Segments.
Goodyear owns and uses approximately 1,100 different trademarks, including
several using the word "Goodyear". These trademarks are protected by
approximately 7,000 registrations worldwide. Goodyear also has approximately 950
trademark applications pending in the United States and other jurisdictions.
While Goodyear believes such trademarks as a group are of importance, the only
trademarks Goodyear considers material to its business considered as a whole or
to the business of any of its Segments are those using the word "Goodyear".
Goodyear believes all of its significant trademarks are valid and will have
unlimited duration as long as they are adequately protected and appropriately
used.
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Backlog
Goodyear does not consider its backlog of orders to be material to, or a
significant factor in, evaluating and understanding any of its Segments or its
business considered as a whole.
Government Business
The total amount of Goodyear's business during 1998 under contracts or
subcontracts which were subject to termination at the election of the United
States Government amounted to approximately 0.6% of Goodyear's consolidated net
sales for 1998. The amount of business under such contracts or subcontracts
during 1997 was 0.6% of Goodyear's consolidated net sales for 1997. The amount
of business under such contracts or subcontracts during 1996 was 1.1% of
consolidated net sales for 1996.
Research and Development
Goodyear expends significant amounts each year on research for the
development of new, and the improvement of existing, products and manufacturing
processes and equipment. Goodyear maintains substantial research and development
centers for tires and related products in Akron, Ohio, and Colmar-Berg,
Luxembourg; tire technical centers in Cumberland, Maryland, and Tsukuba, Japan;
and tire proving grounds in Akron, Ohio, San Angelo, Texas, Mireval, France, and
Colmar-Berg, Luxembourg. Goodyear operates significant research and development
facilities for other products in Akron, Ohio, Green, Ohio, Lincoln, Nebraska,
Marysville, Ohio, and Orsay, France.
During the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997, 1996, 1995 and 1994
Goodyear expended, directly or indirectly, $420.7 million, $384.1 million,
$374.5 million, $369.3 million and $341.3 million, respectively, on research,
development and certain engineering activities relating to the design,
development, improvement and modification of new and existing products and
services and the formulation and design of new manufacturing processes and
equipment and improvements to existing processes and equipment. Goodyear
estimates that it will expend approximately $440 million for research and
development activities during 1999.
Employees
At December 31, 1998, Goodyear employed approximately 97,104 people
throughout the world. Of the approximately 40,798 persons employed in the United
States at December 31, 1998, approximately 11,521 were covered by a master
collective bargaining agreement, dated May 9, 1997, with the United Steel
Workers of America, A.F.L.-C.I.O.-C.L.C. ("USWA"), which agreement will expire
on April 19, 2003 (subject to a reopener on April 19, 2000), and approximately
9,967 were covered by other contracts with the USWA and various other unions.
Compliance with Environmental Regulations
Goodyear is subject to extensive regulation under environmental and
occupational health and safety laws and regulations concerning, among other
things, air emissions, discharges to waters and the generation, handling,
storage, transportation and disposal of waste materials and hazardous
substances. Goodyear has a continuing program to ensure its compliance with
Federal, state and local environmental and occupational safety and health laws
and regulations. During 1998, 1997, 1996, 1995 and 1994, Goodyear made capital
expenditures aggregating approximately $17.5 million, $16.6 million, $12.5
million, $17.4 million, and $11.7 million, respectively, for environmental
improvement and occupational safety and health compliance projects in respect of
its facilities worldwide. Goodyear presently estimates that it will make capital
expenditures for pollution control facilities and occupational safety and health
projects of approximately $17.8 million during 1999 and approximately $16.8
million during 2000. In addition, Goodyear expended approximately $64.8 million
during 1998, and Goodyear estimates that it will expend approximately $83.8
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million during 1999 and approximately $78.6 million during 2000, to maintain and
operate its pollution control facilities and conduct its other environmental and
occupational safety and health activities, including the control and disposal of
hazardous substances, which amounts are expected to be sufficient to comply with
applicable existing environmental and occupational safety and health laws and
regulations and are not expected to have a material adverse effect on Goodyear's
competitive position in the industries in which it participates. At December 31,
1998, Goodyear had reserved $71.7 million for anticipated costs associated with
the remediation of numerous waste disposal sites and certain other properties
and related environmental activities. In the future Goodyear may incur increased
costs and additional charges associated with environmental compliance and
cleanup projects necessitated by the identification of new waste sites, the
impact of new and increasingly stringent environmental laws, such as the Clean
Air Act, and regulatory standards and the availability of new technologies.
Compliance with Federal, State and local environmental laws and regulations in
the future may require a material increase in the Company's capital expenditures
and may have a material adverse effect on the Company's earnings and competitive
position.
INFORMATION ABOUT INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
The Company, through its foreign subsidiaries, engages in manufacturing or
sales operations in most countries in the world, including manufacturing
operations in 28 foreign countries. Goodyear's international manufacturing
operations consist primarily of the production of tires. Engineered rubber and
certain other products are also manufactured in certain of the Company's plants
located outside the United States.
Goodyear's consolidated net sales and long-lived assets are split between
the United States and all foreign countries as follows:
Net Sales Long-Lived Assets
----------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------
United States International United States International
Year -------------------------- ------------------------- ------------------------- --------------------------
Ended In Millions Percent of In Millions Percent of In Millions Percent of In Millions Percent of
12/31 of Dollars Consolidated of Dollars Consolidated of Dollars Consolidated of Dollars Consolidated
- ------- ----------- ------------- ----------- ------------- ----------- ------------- ----------- ------------
1998 $6,806.4 54% $5,819.9 46% $2,750.6 51% $2,649.5 49%
1997 $6,831.0 52% $6,234.3 48% $2,966.6 59% $2,074.1 41%
1996 $6,882.8 53% $6,102.9 47% $2,940.5 60% $1,936.7 40%
Net sales to unaffiliated customers are attributed to the country where the
sale is made, without regard to where the product was manufactured or where the
product or service sold was delivered. During 1998, there was no foreign country
in which Goodyear's operations contributed more than 5.5% of Goodyear's
consolidated net sales or employed more than 6.8% of Goodyear's long-lived
assets. Goodyear's operations in Brazil, Canada, England and Germany, Goodyear's
four largest foreign operations, contributed approximately 18% of its
consolidated net sales.
Goodyear also participates in joint ventures with Pacific Dunlop Limited.
Goodyear and Pacific Dunlop Limited each have a 50% equity interest in South
Pacific Tyres, an Australian partnership, and South Pacific Tyres N.Z. Limited,
a New Zealand company (together, "SPT"). SPT operates five tire manufacturing
plants, 17 retread plants and a chain of approximately 540 retail outlets in
Australia, New Zealand and Papua - New Guinea. The net sales of SPT during 1998,
1997 and 1996 were $636.3 million, $744.2 million and $814.1 million,
respectively. The operating income of SPT during 1998, 1997 and 1996 was $47.2
million, $63.5 million and $75.8 million, respectively.
In addition to the ordinary risks of the marketplace, the Company's foreign
operations and the results thereof in some countries are affected by price
controls, import controls, labor regulations, tariffs, extreme inflation or
fluctuations in currency values. Furthermore, in certain countries where
Goodyear operates (primarily countries located in Central and South America),
transfers of funds from foreign operations are generally or periodically subject
to various restrictive governmental regulations.
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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.
Goodyear manufactures its products in 83 manufacturing facilities located
around the world. There are 31 plants in the United States and 52 plants in 28
other countries.
NORTH AMERICAN TIRE SEGMENT MANUFACTURING FACILITIES. The Company owns (or
leases with the right to purchase at a nominal price) and operates the following
manufacturing facilities used by the North American Tire Segment having an
aggregate of approximately 20.9 million square feet of floor space located at:
(A) in the United States (1) tire plants at Akron, Ohio; Danville, Virginia;
Fayetteville, North Carolina; Freeport, Illinois; Gadsden, Alabama; Lawton,
Oklahoma; Topeka, Kansas; Tyler, Texas; and Union City, Tennessee; (2) steel
tire wire cord plant at Asheboro, North Carolina; (3) textile mills at
Cartersville, Georgia; and Decatur, Alabama; (4) tread rubber plants at Radford,
Virginia; Social Circle, Georgia; and Spartanburg, South Carolina; and (5) tire
mold plants at Statesville, North Carolina; and Stow, Ohio; and (B) in Canada,
tire plants located at Medicine Hat, Alberta; Napanee, Ontario; and Valleyfield,
Quebec.
EUROPE TIRE SEGMENT MANUFACTURING FACILITIES. The Company owns and operates
the following manufacturing facilities used by the Europe Tire Segment having an
aggregate of approximately 13.6 million square feet of floor space located at:
(1) tire plants at Amiens, France; Casablanca, Morocco; Cisterna di Latina,
Italy; Colmar-Berg, Luxembourg; Fulda and Phillippsburg, Germany; Adapazari and
Ismit, Turkey; Debica, Poland; Kranj, Slovenia; Wolverhampton, England; and
Uitenhage, South Africa; and (2) plants at Colmar-Berg, Luxembourg, for the
manufacture of tire fabric, steel wire tire cord, tire molds and tire
manufacturing machines.
LATIN AMERICAN TIRE SEGMENT MANUFACTURING FACILITIES. The Company owns and
operates tire plants used by the Latin American Tire Segment having an aggregate
of approximately 7.9 million square feet of floor space located at: Hurlingham,
Argentina; Americana and Sao Paulo, Brazil (also tubes, tire molds, tire fabric
and fabric dipping); Santiago, Chile (also tubes and batteries); Cali, Colombia;
Guatemala City, Guatemala; Mexico City, Mexico; Lima, Peru; and Valencia,
Venezuela.
ASIA TIRE SEGMENT MANUFACTURING FACILITIES. The Company owns (or has long
term land use rights) and operates tire plants used by the Asia Tire Segment
having an aggregate of approximately 5.4 million square feet of floor space
located at: Dalian, China; Aurangabad and Ballabgarh, India; Bogor, Indonesia;
Tansuno, Japan; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Las Pinas and Marikina, Philippines;
Taipei, Taiwan; and Bangkok, Thailand.
ENGINEERED PRODUCTS SEGMENT MANUFACTURING FACILITIES. The Company owns (or
leases with the right to purchase at a nominal price) and operates the following
manufacturing facilities used by the Engineered Product Segment having an
aggregate of approximately 5.6 million square feet of floor space located at:
(A) in the United States, (1) hose products plants at Hannibal, Missouri,
Lincoln, Nebraska (also power transmission products), Mt Pleasant, Iowa,
Norfolk, Nebraska, and Sun Prairie, Wisconsin; (2) conveyor belting plants at
Marysville, Ohio, and Spring Hope, North Carolina; (3) air springs plant at
Green, Ohio; (4) molded rubber products plant at St. Marys, Ohio; and
(5) automotive parts plant at Logan, Ohio; (B) in Canada, (1) hose products
plants at Collingwood, Ontario, and St. Alphonse de Granby, Quebec; (2) conveyor
belting plant at Bowmanville, Ontario; (3) power transmission products plant at
Owen Sound, Ontario; and (4) molded rubber products plant at Quebec City,
Quebec; (C) in Europe and Africa, an air springs and power transmission products
plant at Kranj, Slovenia, and conveyor belting and power transmission and hose
products plant at Uitenhage, South Africa; (D) in Latin America, (1) conveyor
belting and power transmission and hose products plants at Sao Paulo, Brazil,
and Tinaquillo, Venezuela; (2) air springs plant at Maua, Brazil; (3) hose
products plant at Santiago, Chile; (4) conveyor belting plant at Valencia,
Venezuela; and (5) hose products and air springs plant at San Luis Potosi,
Mexico; and (E) in Asia, (1) conveyor belting plant at Bayswater, Australia; and
(2) hose products plant at Qingdao, China.
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CHEMICAL PRODUCTS SEGMENT MANUFACTURING FACILITIES. The Company owns and
operates manufacturing facilities used by the Chemical Products Segment having
an aggregate of approximately 2.6 million square feet of floor space located at:
(1) synthetic rubber and rubber chemicals at Bayport, Beaumont and Houston,
Texas; (2) specialty resins plant at Akron, Ohio; and (3) rubber chemicals
plants at Niagara Falls, New York, and LeHavre, France.
The manufacturing facilities of Goodyear are, when considered in the
aggregate, modern and adequately maintained. Goodyear's capital expenditures for
new plant and equipment and for expansion, modernization and replacement of
existing plants and equipment and related assets aggregated $838.4 million in
1998, $699.0 million in 1997 and $617.5 million in 1996. Of said amounts, $447.7
million in 1998, $343.2 million in 1997 and $301.4 million in 1996 were expended
on facilities located in the United States. The Company estimates that its
capital expenditures during 1999 (other than the cost of completing the global
alliance with Sumitomo and the cost of any acquisitions of new businesses) will
total approximately $750 million to $900 million.
Goodyear's radial passenger and truck tire plants in North America and
Europe were operated at approximately 92% of capacity during 1998, 92% of
capacity during 1997 (excluding the 19 day period plants were closed due to the
strike by the United Steel Workers at five tire plants in the United States) and
91% of capacity during 1996. Goodyear's worldwide tire capacity utilization was
approximately 91% of capacity during 1998, 90% during 1997 (excluding the period
of said strike) and 89% during 1996. In order to maintain its competitive
position, respond to changing market conditions and optimize production
efficiencies, Goodyear has a continuing program for rationalizing production,
eliminating inefficient capacity and modernizing and increasing the capacity of
its radial passenger and truck tire facilities. Goodyear has expansion projects
planned or underway at several of its existing tire plants and certain other
tire manufacturers are building, or have announced plans to install, additional
capacity for passenger tires and light and medium truck tires over the next few
years. Since 1996, Goodyear has also acquired, or is in the process of
installing, acquiring or obtaining access to, additional tire manufacturing
capacity in various markets, including China, India, the Philippines, Poland,
Slovenia and South Africa, and, in the planned global alliance with Sumitomo, in
the United States, England, France and Germany. Continued high levels of
capacity utilization by the tire industry during 1999 will be dependent on
continued high production levels by the original equipment manufacturers in the
United States and Europe and growth in the original equipment markets in Asia
and Latin America, coupled with continued high levels of demand in the
replacement markets throughout the world.
During 1998, the manufacturing facilities used by the Engineered Products
Segment were operated at approximately 76% of rated capacity, compared to
approximately 77% and 69% in 1997 and 1996, respectively. The manufacturing
facilities used by the Chemical Products Segment were operated at approximately
90% of rated capacity during 1998, compared to 89% and 94% in 1997 and 1996,
respectively.
Giving effect to plant expansions and modernizations recently completed or
presently underway or planned, the Company's manufacturing facilities are
generally expected to have production capacity sufficient to satisfy presently
anticipated demand for the Company's tires and other products.
The Company also owns and operates a rubber plantation in Indonesia,
natural rubber processing facilities in Indonesia and the Philippines, and
research and development facilities and technical centers in Akron, Ohio,
Colmar-Berg, Luxembourg, Lincoln, Nebraska, Green, Ohio, Marysville, Ohio, and
Orsay, France and tire proving grounds in Akron, Ohio (82 acres), Mireval,
France (450 acres), and San Angelo, Texas (7,243 acres). The Company also
operates tire technical centers in Cumberland, Maryland, and Tsukuba, Japan, and
a tire proving ground in Colmar-Berg, Luxembourg.
The Company operates approximately 988 retail outlets for the sale of its
tires to consumers in the United States and Canada and approximately 401 retail
outlets in other countries.
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Worldwide, the Company also operates approximately 120 tire retreading
facilities and approximately 230 warehouse and distribution facilities.
Substantially all of these facilities are leased. The Company does not consider
any one of these leased properties to be material to its operations. For
additional information regarding leased properties, see Note 8, "Properties and
Plants," and Note 10, "Leased Assets," of the Notes to Financial Statements set
forth in Item 8 of this Annual Report at pages 54 and 58, respectively.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
At March 15, 1999, Goodyear was a party to the following material legal
proceedings, as defined in the Instructions to Item 103 of Regulation S-K:
(A) Since January 19, 1990, a series of 66 civil actions have been filed
against Registrant in the United States District Court for the District of
Maryland relating to the development of lung disease, cancer and other diseases
by former employees of The Kelly-Springfield Tire Company ("Kelly"), formerly a
wholly-owned subsidiary (and now a part) of Registrant, alleged to be the result
of exposure to allegedly toxic substances, including asbestos and certain
chemicals, while working at the Cumberland, Maryland tire plant of Kelly, which
was closed in 1987. The plaintiffs allege, among other things, that Registrant,
as the manufacturer or seller of certain materials, negligently failed to warn
Kelly employees of the health risks associated with their employment at the
Cumberland plant and failed to implement procedures to preserve their health and
safety. The plaintiffs in these civil actions are seeking an aggregate of $650
million in compensatory damages and $6.46 billion in punitive damages. On March
5, 1997, the court granted Registrant's motion for summary judgment and issued
an Order and Judgment dismissing all of these civil actions with prejudice. On
April 7, 1997, the plaintiffs appealed the Order and Judgment of the Court to
the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. On May 11, 1998, the
United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit vacated the judgment of
the District Court and remanded the cases for further proceedings. On January
28, 1999, the court granted Registrant's motion for summary judgment on
causation and issued a Final Judgment Order with respect to all of these cases,
dismissing each case with prejudice and assessing costs to the plaintiffs. On
February 24, 1999, the plaintiffs appealed the Final Judgment Order of the Court
to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
(B) On June 7, 1990, a civil action, Teresa Boggs, et al. v. Divested
Atomic Corporation, et al., was filed in United States District Court for the
Southern District of Ohio by Teresa Boggs and certain other named Plaintiffs on
behalf of themselves and a putative class comprised of certain other persons who
resided near the Portsmouth Uranium Enrichment Complex, a facility owned by the
United States Government as a part of the United States Department of Energy
("DOE") located in Pike County, Ohio (the "Portsmouth DOE Plant"), against
Divested Atomic Corporation ("DAC"), the successor by merger of Goodyear Atomic
Corporation ("GAC"), Registrant and Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc.,
presently known as Lockheed Martin Energy Systems ("LMES"). GAC had operated the
Portsmouth DOE Plant pursuant to a series of contracts with the DOE for several
years until November 16, 1986, when LMES assumed operation of the Portsmouth DOE
Plant. The Plaintiffs allege that the past and present operators of the
Portsmouth DOE Plant, GAC (then a wholly-owned subsidiary of Registrant) and
LMES, contaminated certain areas near the Portsmouth DOE Plant with radioactive
or other hazardous materials, or both, causing property damage and emotional
distress. Plaintiffs are claiming $300 million in compensatory damages, $300
million in punitive damages and unspecified amounts for medical monitoring and
cleanup costs. This civil action is no longer a class action as a result of
rulings of the District Court decertifying the class. On June 8, 1998, a new
civil action, Adkins, et al. v. Divested Atomic Corporation, et al.
(Case No. C2 98-595), was filed in the United States District Court for the
Southern District of Ohio, Eastern Division, on behalf of approximately 276
persons who currently reside, or in the past resided, near the Portsmouth
DOE Plant against DAC, the Registrant and LMES. The plaintiffs allege, on behalf
of themselves and a putative class of all persons who were residents, property
owners or lessees of property subject to windborne particulates and water run
off from the Portsmouth DOE Plant, that DAC (and, therefore, Registrant) and
LMES in their operation of the
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Portsmouth DOE Plant (i) negligently contaminated, and are strictly liable
for contaminating, the plaintiffs and their property with allegedly toxic
substances, (ii) have in the past maintained, and are continuing to maintain, a
private nuisance, (iii) have committed, and continue to commit, trespass, and
(iv) violated the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and
Liability Act of 1980. The plaintiffs are seeking $30 million in actual damages,
$300 million of punitive damages, costs, expenses, attorney's fees and other
unspecified legal and equitable remedies.
(C) On January 13, 1995, a civil action, Gregory Tire, et al. v. Goodyear,
et al. (Cause No. 95-00409), was filed in the 192nd Judicial District Court,
Dallas County, Texas, against Registrant (and two employees of Registrant) by
22 tire dealers located in Texas who are or were customers of Registrant, either
as independent dealers or franchisees. The complaint alleges, among other
things, that in the course of Registrant's commercial relationships and dealings
with the plaintiffs, Registrant violated the Texas Business Opportunities Act
and the Texas Deceptive Trade Practices Act, breached its fiduciary duty to the
plaintiffs, breached its covenants of good faith and fair dealings with the
plaintiffs, violated the Texas Free Enterprise Act, violated the Texas Antitrust
Act, breached certain contracts with the plaintiffs and committed common law
fraud. In 1998, plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed the claim that Registrant
violated the Texas Antitrust Act. On February 23, 1999, on Registrant's motion,
the Court issued an order dismissing with prejudice the plaintiffs' claim that
Registrant breached its fiduciary duty to the plaintiffs. Also in February 1999,
the claims of two of the plaintiffs were dismissed with prejudice. The twenty
plaintiffs are seeking unspecified compensatory damages, exemplary damages equal
to the greater of $230 million or 10% of Registrant's net worth, and injunctive
and other relief.
(D) On March 15, 1995, a civil action, Orion Tire Corporation, et al. vs.
Goodyear, et al. (Cause No. SA CV 95-221), was filed in the United States
District Court for the Central District of California, against Registrant,
Goodyear International Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Registrant
("GIC"), and five individuals, including Samir G. Gibara, Chairman of the Board,
Chief Executive Officer and President of Registrant, by Orion Tire Corporation,
a California corporation ("Orion"), China Tire Holdings Limited, a Bermuda
corporation ("China Tire"), and China Strategic Holdings Limited, a Hong Kong
corporation ("China Strategic"). The plaintiffs alleged, among other things,
that, in connection with Registrant's acquisition of a 75% interest in a tire
manufacturing facility (the "Dalian Facility") in Dalian, People's Republic of
China, in 1994, Registrant and GIC engaged in tortious interference with certain
alleged contractual relationships of plaintiffs involving the Dalian Facility,
committed tortious interference with certain prospective economic advantages of
the plaintiffs, violated the California Cartwright Act by engaging in an
unlawful combination and conspiracy in restraint of trade and committed trade
libel and defamation by making oral defamatory and written libelous statements
concerning the plaintiffs to various parties. In addition, all defendants were
alleged to have engaged in a civil conspiracy to induce the entities which owned
the Dalian Facility to breach their contracts with the plaintiffs and to have
engaged in civil racketeering. On motion made by Registrant, the court dismissed
all individual defendants from the proceeding for lack of jurisdiction,
dismissed all claims made by China Strategic and most of the claims made by
Orion and China Tire. The remaining claims of Orion and China Tire are that
Registrant and GIC allegedly (i) engaged in conduct which constituted tortious
interference with the prospective economic advantage of Orion by allegedly
wrongfully obstructing and interfering with Orion's alleged prospective business
ventures involving the Dalian Facility and (ii) committed trade libel and
defamation in respect of Orion and China Tire by knowingly publishing untrue
statements regarding Orion and China Tire to various officials of the Dalian
Facility and various governmental bodies in the People's Republic of China. The
plaintiffs are seeking more than $1.0 billion in actual damages and $3.0 billion
in exemplary damages from Registrant and GIC and such further relief as the
court may deem appropriate.
(E) In January 1997, Registrant filed a civil action, Goodyear v. Chiles
Power Supply Inc., d/b/a Heatway Systems (Case No. 5:97CV0335), against Chiles
Power Supply Inc. ("Heatway"), which is pending in the United States District
Court for the Northern District of Ohio, Eastern Division, seeking (i) to
collect $2.3 million due for Entran 3 hose sold and delivered to Heatway
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and (ii) to obtain a declaratory judgment to the effect that Registrant's
obligations in respect of Entran 2 hose sold to Heatway in the past are limited
by Registrant's standard written terms and conditions of sale. Heatway
counterclaimed, alleging that, among other things, all Entran 2 hose sold to
Heatway was defective, that Registrant misrepresented the properties and
capabilities of Entran 2 hose, and that Heatway has been damaged as a result.
In June 1998, the District Court granted Registrant's motion for summary
judgment against Heatway as to its claim for $2.3 million due for hose
purchased from Registrant and found, among other things, that Heatway may not
assert any fraud claim against Registrant in respect of substantially all of
the hose sold by Goodyear to Heatway. A trial is scheduled for January of 2000
to adjudicate the remaining claims. Heatway is seeking an unspecified amount of
actual and punitive damages. Heatway has asserted that its actual damages may
be as much as $2.5 billion. In addition, a class action complaint, Anderson, et
al. v. Goodyear, et al., (Case Number 98CV439), was filed in November 1998 in
the District Court of Eagle County, Colorado, against Registrant and Heatway on
behalf of a putative class consisting of all persons who have or had an
ownership interest in real property located in Colorado on which heating
systems using Entran 2 hose have been installed and who have suffered or may
suffer damages to their property due to the alleged defective nature of the
Heatway systems and/or Entran 2 hose. The plaintiffs claim breach of express
warranty, breach of implied warranty of merchantability and fitness for a
particular purpose, negligence and strict liability for defective product
against both Heatway and Registrant. In addition, fifteen other cases involving
twenty-four sites have been filed against Heatway and Registrant by plaintiffs
who purchased Heatway heating systems alleging damages resulting from system
failures based on all or some of the claims made in the Anderson Case. The
plaintiffs in these cases are claiming damages in unspecified amounts, plus
interest from the date damages were incurred, attorney's fees, costs and such
other relief as the court may deem proper.
(F) Since April 1, 1995, Goodyear has received two subpoenas issued in
connection with an industry-wide investigation being conducted by the Cleveland,
Ohio, office of the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of
Justice into possible violations of Section 1 of the Sherman Act by tire
manufacturers. The subpoenas call for the production of documents to a Federal
grand jury sitting in Cleveland. Goodyear has completed its response to the
subpoenas and is cooperating fully with the Department of Justice in the
investigation.
(G) In addition to the legal proceedings described above, various other
legal actions, claims and governmental investigations and proceedings covering a
wide range of matters were pending against Registrant and its subsidiaries at
March 15, 1999, including claims and proceedings relating to several waste
disposal sites that have been identified by the USEPA and similar agencies of
various States for remedial investigation and cleanup, which sites were
allegedly used by Goodyear in the past for the disposal of industrial waste
materials. Registrant, based on available information, does not consider any
such action, claim, investigation or proceeding to be material, within the
meaning of that term as used in Item 103 of Regulation S-K and the instructions
thereto.
Registrant, based on available information, has determined with respect to
each legal proceeding pending against Registrant and its subsidiaries at March
15, 1999, either that it is not reasonably possible that Goodyear has incurred
liability in respect thereof or that any liability ultimately incurred will not
exceed the amount, if any, recorded in respect of such proceeding at
December 31, 1998, by an amount which would be material relative to the
consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity of Goodyear,
although, in the event of an unanticipated adverse final determination in
respect of certain proceedings, Goodyear's consolidated net income for the
period during which such determination occurs could be materially affected.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
No matter was submitted to a vote of the security holders of the Registrant
during the quarter ended December 31, 1998.
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ITEM 4(A). EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF REGISTRANT.
Set forth below, in accordance with Instruction 3 to Item 401(b) of
Regulation S-K, are: (1) the names and ages of all executive officers (including
executive officers who are also directors) of the Registrant at March 15, 1999,
(2) all positions with the Registrant presently held by each such person and
(3) the positions held by, and principal areas of responsibility of, each such
person during the last five years.
Name Position(s) Held Age
---- ---------------- ---
SAMIR G. GIBARA Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer 59
and President and Director
Mr. Gibara served in various managerial capacities after joining
Goodyear in 1966. Mr. Gibara was elected a Vice President of Registrant on
October 6, 1992, serving in that capacity as the executive officer responsible
for strategic planning and business development and as the acting Vice
President of Finance and principal financial officer of Registrant. On May 3,
1994, Mr. Gibara was elected an Executive Vice President of Registrant
and, in such capacity, was the executive officer responsible for the North
American Tire Operations of Registrant. Effective April 15, 1995, Mr. Gibara
was elected President and Chief Operating Officer of Registrant. Mr. Gibara was
elected President and Chief Executive Officer of Registrant effective January 1,
1996, and Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and President
effective July 1, 1996. Mr. Gibara is the principal executive officer of
Registrant. Mr. Gibara has been a director of Registrant since April 15, 1995.
WILLIAM J. SHARP President, Global Support Operations 57
Mr. Sharp served in various tire production posts until elected, effective
April 1, 1991, an Executive Vice President of Registrant, serving in that
capacity, as the executive officer of Registrant responsible for Goodyear's tire
manufacturing and distribution operations and research, development and
engineering activities until October 1, 1992, when he became the executive
officer of Registrant responsible for the operations of Registrant's
subsidiaries in Europe. Effective January 1, 1996, Mr. Sharp was elected
Registrant's President, Global Support Operations of Registrant, and, as such,
he is the executive officer having corporate responsibility for Goodyear's
research and development, manufacturing, purchasing, materials management,
quality assurance, and environmental and health and safety improvement
activities worldwide. Mr. Sharp has been an employee of Goodyear since 1964.
ROBERT W. TIEKEN Executive Vice President 59
and Chief Financial Officer
Mr. Tieken joined Goodyear on May 3, 1994, when he was elected an Executive
Vice President and the Chief Financial Officer of Registrant. From April of
1993 through April of 1994, Mr. Tieken was the Vice President of Finance of
Martin Marietta Corporation. Mr. Tieken was Vice President, Finance and
Information Technology, of General Electric Aerospace from 1988 until it
was acquired by Martin Marietta Corporation in April 1993. Mr. Tieken is the
principal financial officer of Registrant.
EUGENE R. CULLER, JR. Executive Vice President 60
Mr. Culler served in various capacities until August 2, 1988, when he was
elected an Executive Vice President of Registrant, serving in that capacity as
the executive officer of Registrant responsible for Goodyear's North American
Tire operations until September 30, 1991. Mr. Culler was the President of
Goodyear Canada Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Registrant, from October 1,
1991 to April 15, 1995. Mr. Culler was again elected an Executive Vice President
of Registrant effective April 15, 1995, and, as such, he is the executive
officer responsible for Goodyear's North American Tire Operations. Mr. Culler
has been an employee of Goodyear since 1961.
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Name Position(s) Held Age
---- ---------------- ---
JAMES BOYAZIS Vice President and Secretary 62
Mr. Boyazis joined Goodyear in 1963, serving in various posts until June 2,
1987, when he was elected a Vice President and the Secretary of Registrant. He
is also the Associate General Counsel of Registrant.
JOHN P. PERDUYN Vice President 59
Mr. Perduyn served in various public relations posts until he was elected
a Vice President of Registrant effective June 1, 1989. He is the executive
officer of Registrant responsible for Goodyear's public affairs activities.
Mr. Perduyn has been an employee of Goodyear since 1970.
RICHARD P. ADANTE Vice President 52
Mr. Adante served in various engineering and management posts until
April 1, 1991, when he was elected a Vice President of Registrant. He is the
executive officer of Registrant responsible for materials management. Mr. Adante
has been an employee of Goodyear since 1966.
GARY A. MILLER Vice President 52
Mr. Miller served in various management and research and development posts
until he was elected a Vice President of Registrant effective November 1,
1992. He is the executive officer of Registrant responsible for Goodyear's
purchasing operations. Mr. Miller has been an employee of Goodyear since 1967.
MIKE L. BURNS Vice President 57
Mr. Burns served in various human resources posts until he was elected a
Vice President of Registrant effective March 1, 1993. He is the executive
officer of Registrant responsible for Goodyear's human resources and total
quality systems. Mr. Burns has been an employee of Goodyear since 1965.
GEORGE E. STRICKLER Vice President 51
Mr. Strickler served in various accounting, treasury and financial
management posts until he was elected a Vice President and the Comptroller of
Registrant effective September 1, 1993. Since June 1, 1996, Mr. Strickler has
served as a Vice President of Registrant and is the executive officer of
Registrant responsible for the financial functions of Goodyear's North American
Tires operations. Mr. Strickler has been an employee of Goodyear since 1969.
RICHARD J. STEICHEN Vice President 55
Dr. Steichen served in various research and development posts until
November 1, 1992, when he was appointed the General Manager of Technology and
Quality Assurance of South Pacific Tyres, a joint venture company 50% owned by
Goodyear, serving in that capacity until November 30, 1994. Dr. Steichen was
elected a Vice President of Registrant effective December 1, 1994, responsible
for Goodyear's worldwide tire technology activities. Since May 1, 1998,
Dr. Steichen has been the executive officer of Registrant responsible for
Goodyear's research activities. Dr. Steichen has been an employee of Goodyear
since 1973.
C. THOMAS HARVIE Vice President and General Counsel 56
Mr. Harvie joined Goodyear on July 1, 1995, when he was elected a Vice
President and the General Counsel of Registrant. Prior to joining Goodyear,
Mr. Harvie was a Vice President and the Associate General Counsel of TRW Inc.
from 1989 through June 1995.
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Name Position(s) Held Age
---- ---------------- ---
SYLVAIN G. VALENSI Vice President 56
Mr. Valensi served in various finance, sales and marketing positions until
November 1993, when he was named President and Chief Executive Officer of
Goodyear France S.A., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Registrant. On February 1,
1996, Mr. Valensi was appointed Vice President, European Region. On November 5,
1996, Mr. Valensi was elected a Vice President of Registrant and in that
capacity serves as the executive officer of Registrant responsible for
Goodyear's tire operations in Europe, Africa and the Middle East. Mr. Valensi
has been an employee of Goodyear since 1965.
JOSEPH M. GINGO Vice President 54
Mr. Gingo served in various research and development and managerial posts
until elected a Vice President of Registrant effective November 1, 1992, serving
in that capacity as the executive officer of Registrant responsible for
Goodyear's worldwide tire technology activities until January 1, 1995, when he
was appointed Vice President, Asia Region. On November 5, 1996, Mr. Gingo was
elected a Vice President of Registrant and, in that capacity, was responsible
for Goodyear's operations in Asia until September 1, 1998, when he was placed on
special assignment to the Chairman of the Board. Since December 1, 1998,
Mr. Gingo has served as the Vice President of Registrant responsible for
Goodyear's worldwide Engineered Products operations. Mr. Gingo has been an
employee of Goodyear since 1966.
JOHN C. POLHEMUS Vice President 54
Mr. Polhemus served in various managerial positions in Goodyear's
international operations until June 1, 1991, when he was appointed Managing
Director and President of Goodyear do Brazil Produtos de Borracha Ltda, a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Registrant. On April 10, 1995, Mr. Polhemus was
appointed Vice President for the Latin America region. On November 5, 1996,
Mr. Polhemus was elected a Vice President of Registrant and, in that capacity,
is the executive officer of Registrant responsible for Goodyear's Latin American
tire operations. Mr. Polhemus has been an employee of Goodyear since 1969.
TERRY L. PERSINGER Vice President 54
Mr. Persinger joined Goodyear in 1966, serving in various research and
development and managerial positions until May 16, 1989, when he was appointed
Vice President and General Manager of the Polyester Division. He served in that
capacity until December 1992, when the Polyester Division was sold to Shell Oil
Company and Mr. Persinger left Goodyear and joined Shell. He rejoined Goodyear
effective January 1, 1995, when he was appointed Vice President and General
Manager of Engineered Products. On November 5, 1996, Mr. Persinger was elected a
Vice President of Registrant and, in that capacity, was the executive officer of
Registrant responsible for Goodyear's worldwide Engineered Products operations
until December 1, 1998, when he was placed on special assignment to the Chairman
of the Board.
DENNIS E. DICK Vice President 59
Mr. Dick served in various research and development and production posts
until elected a Vice President of Registrant on April 9, 1984, serving as the
executive officer of Registrant responsible for Goodyear's general products
technology management activities worldwide until October 1991, when he was
appointed Vice President and General Manager of Goodyear's Chemical Division. On
November 5, 1996, Mr. Dick was elected a Vice President of Registrant and is the
executive officer of Registrant responsible for Goodyear's worldwide Chemical
Products operations. Mr. Dick has been an employee of Goodyear since 1964.
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Name Position(s) Held Age
---- ---------------- ---
JOHN W. RICHARDSON Vice President 54
Mr. Richardson served in various financial and general management posts
until he was appointed General Auditor of Goodyear on February 1, 1993, serving
in that post until appointed Vice President and Comptroller on June 1, 1996. He
was elected Vice President - Corporate Finance of Registrant on November 5, 1996
and in that capacity is the principal accounting officer of Registrant.
Mr. Richardson has been an employee of Goodyear since 1967.
CLARK E. SPRANG Vice President 56
Mr. Sprang served in various financial posts until appointed Vice President
Business Development effective September 1, 1993. Mr. Sprang was elected a
Vice President of Registrant on November 5, 1996 and is the executive officer
of Registrant responsible for Goodyear's worldwide business development
activities. Mr. Sprang has been an employee of Goodyear since 1966.
WILLIAM M. HOPKINS Vice President 54
Mr. Hopkins served in various tire technology and managerial posts until
appointed General Manager of Multipurpose Vehicle and Specialty Tires in
January of 1993. Mr. Hopkins was appointed Director of Tire Technology for
North American Tires effective June 1, 1996. He was elected a Vice President of
Registrant effective May 19, 1998 and is the executive officer of Registrant
responsible for Goodyear's worldwide tire technology activities. Mr. Hopkins
has been an employee of Goodyear since 1967.
KENNETH B. KLECKNER Vice President 51
Mr. Kleckner served in various engineering and manufacturing management
posts until he was appointed Manager of Registrant's Lawton, Oklahoma Tire Plant
effective July 1, 1993. He served as the Vice President of Manufacturing and
Operations of Kelly-Springfield Tire Company, a division of Registrant, from May
of 1994 until June of 1996, when he was appointed Director - Tire Manufacturing
for the Company's Latin American Region. He was appointed Vice President -
Engineering effective June 16, 1997. Mr. Kleckner was elected a Vice President
of Registrant effective May 19, 1998 and is the executive officer of Registrant
responsible for Goodyear's worldwide process engineering activities.
Mr. Kleckner has been an employee of Goodyear since 1971.
DEBRA M. WALKER Vice President 42
Ms. Walker served in various marketing and information services posts until
she was appointed Manager of Dealer Sales for North American Tires effective
January 1, 1994. She was appointed Director - Retail Systems effective
February 16, 1995, Vice President - Retail Systems effective April 16, 1996, and
Vice President and Chief Information Officer of Registrant effective April 16,
1997. Ms. Walker was elected a Vice President of Registrant effective May 19,
1998 and is the Chief Information Officer of Registrant. She is responsible for
Goodyear's global information technology strategy and architecture. Ms. Walker
has been an employee of Goodyear since 1979.
HUGH D. PACE Vice President 47
Mr. Pace served in various international sales and marketing posts until
1992, when he became President and Managing Director of Compania Hulera
Goodyear - Oxo, S.A. de C.V., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Registrant.
Mr. Pace was elected a Vice President of Registrant effective December 1, 1998
and is the executive officer responsible for Goodyear's tire operations in Asia,
Australia and the Western Pacific. Mr. Pace has been an employee of Goodyear
since 1975.
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Name Position(s) Held Age
---- ---------------- ---
DONALD D. HARPER Vice President 52
Mr. Harper served in various industrial engineering and human resources
posts until December 1, 1993, when he was appointed Director of Salaried Human
Resources and Employment Practices. He was appointed Director of Human
Resources for North American Tires effective December 1, 1994. In June 1996,
Mr. Harper was appointed Vice President of Human Resources Planning,
Development and Change. Mr. Harper was elected a Vice President effective
December 1, 1998 and is the executive officer responsible for Goodyear's human
resources planning, development and change. Mr. Harper has been an employee
of Goodyear since 1968.
STEPHANIE W. BERGERON Vice President and Treasurer 45
Ms. Bergeron joined Goodyear on December 29, 1998 and was elected Vice
President and Treasurer of Registrant effective January 1, 1999. Ms. Bergeron is
the executive officer responsible for Goodyear's worldwide treasury operations,
risk management activities and pension assets management. Prior to joining
Goodyear, Ms. Bergeron was Vice President and Assistant Treasurer - Corporate
Finance of DaimlerChrysler Corporation, serving in that position beginning
November of 1994. She was Finance Director, Corporate Financial Activities, of
Chrysler Corporation from 1993 to November 1994.
No family relationship exists between any of the above named executive
officers or between said executive officers and any director or nominee for
director of Registrant.
Each executive officer is elected by the Board of Directors of Registrant
at its annual meeting to a term of one year or until his or her successor is
duly elected, except in those instances where the person is elected at other
than an annual meeting of the Board of Directors in which event such person's
tenure will expire at the next annual meeting of the Board of Directors unless
such person is reelected. The next annual meeting of the Board of Directors is
scheduled to be held on April 12, 1999.
PART II.
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
The principal market for Registrant's Common Stock is the New York Stock
Exchange (Stock Exchange Symbol GT). Registrant's Common Stock is also listed on
the Chicago Stock Exchange and The Pacific Exchange. Overseas listings include
the Amsterdam, Paris and the Swiss Stock Exchanges.
Information relating to the high and low sale prices of Registrant's Common
Stock and the dividends paid on such shares during 1998 and 1997 appears under
the caption "Quarterly Data and Market Price Information" in Item 8 of this
Annual Report, at page 68 and is incorporated herein by specific reference. The
first quarter 1999 cash dividend, paid on March 15, 1999 to shareholders of
record at February 16, 1999, was $.30 per share.
At February 16, 1999, there were 28,377 record holders of the 155,987,524
shares of the Common Stock of Registrant then outstanding. Approximately
8,467,922 shares of the Common
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29
Stock of Registrant were beneficially owned by approximately 34,090 participants
in four Employee Savings Plans sponsored by Registrant and certain of its
subsidiaries. The Northern Trust Company is the Trustee for said Employee
Savings Plans.
* * * * * *
On February 25, 1999, Registrant issued its 1.2% Convertible Note Due
August 16, 2000 in the principal amount of Y13,073,070,934 (the "Note")
which is convertible into 2,281,115 shares of the Common Stock of Registrant at
a conversion price of Y5,731 per share, subject to certain adjustments. The
Note was purchased by Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. and is not transferable.
Registrant may redeem the Note prior to the period during which it is
convertible. If the Note is not redeemed, during the period beginning July 16,
2000 and ending August 15, 2000 Sumitomo may convert the entire principal amount
of the Note into said 2,281,115 shares (subject to certain adjustments) of the
Common Stock of Registrant. The Note was sold directly to Sumitomo at par. No
commission or underwriter's discount was paid in connection with the issuance
and sale of the Note and no commission or fee will be paid upon any conversion
of the Note into shares of Registrant's Common Stock. The proceeds were used to
purchase a similar convertible note from Sumitomo. The Registrant determined
that the sale of the Note was, and any issuance of Registrant's Common Stock to
Sumitomo upon any conversion of the Note will be, exempt from registration under
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act"), pursuant to Section 4(2) of
the Act, as transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering.
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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.
Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------------------------------------------------
(In millions, except per share)............ 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net Sales................................. $12,626.3 $13,065.3 $12,985.7 $13,039.2 $12,209.2
Income from Continuing
Operations........................... 717.0 522.4 558.5 575.2 560.7
Discontinued Operations................... (34.7) 36.3 (456.8) 35.8 6.3
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net Income................................ $ 682.3 $ 558.7 $ 101.7 $ 611.0 $ 567.0
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Per Share of Common Stock:
Income (Loss) Per Share - Basic:
Income from Continuing
Operations........................... $ 4.58 $ 3.34 $ 3.60 $ 3.78 $ 3.71
Discontinued Operations................... (.22) .24 (2.94) .24 .04
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net Income - Basic........................ $ 4.36 $ 3.58 $ .66 $ 4.02 $ 3.75
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Income (Loss) Per Share - Diluted:
Income from Continuing
Operations........................... $ 4.53 $ 3.30 $ 3.56 $ 3.74 $ 3.66
Discontinued Operations................... (.22) .23 (2.91) .23 .04
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Net Income - Diluted...................... $ 4.31 $ 3.53 $ .65 $ 3.97 $ 3.70
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Dividends Per Share....................... $ 1.20 $ 1.14 $ 1.03 $ .95 $ .75
Total Assets.............................. $10,589.3 $ 9,917.4 $ 9,671.8 $ 9,789.6 $ 9,123.3
Long Term Debt............................ $ 1,186.5 $ 844.5 $ 1,132.2 $ 1,320.0 $ 1,108.7
Shareholders' Equity...................... $ 3,745.8 $ 3,395.5 $ 3,279.1 $ 3,281.7 $ 2,803.2
Notes: (1) See "Principles of Consolidation" at Note 1 ("Accounting
Policies") to the Financial Statements at page 48.
(2) Net Income in 1998 included a net after-tax gain of $61.3
million, or $.38 per share-diluted, from the sale of the All
American Pipeline System and related assets, rationalizations and
the sale of other assets.
(3) Net Income in 1997 included net after-tax charges of $176.3
million, or $1.12 per share-diluted, for rationalizations.
(4) Net Income in 1996 included net after-tax charges of $573.0
million, or $3.65 per share-diluted, for the writedown of the All
American Pipeline System and related assets and other
rationalizations.
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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(All per share amounts are diluted)
CONSOLIDATED
Sales in 1998 were $12.63 billion, compared to $13.07 billion in 1997 and
$12.99 billion in 1996.
Income from continuing operations in 1998 was $717.0 million or $4.53 per
share, increasing 37.3% from $522.4 million or $3.30 per share in 1997 and
28.4% from $558.5 million or $3.56 per share in 1996.
Net income was $682.3 million or $4.31 per share in 1998, compared to
$558.7 million or $3.53 per share in 1997 and $101.7 million or $.65 per share
in 1996. Net income reflected the discontinued operations of the Company's oil
transportation business, as discussed below.
Net Sales
Worldwide tire unit sales in 1998 increased 1.7% from 1997. Replacement
unit sales increased 4.4%, but original equipment volume decreased 4.3% due
primarily to adverse economic conditions in Latin America and Asia. North
American volume rose 2.3% and European unit sales were 5.6% higher. In 1997,
tire unit sales rose 5.0% on increased replacement volume in all regions and
higher original equipment volume in North America, Europe and Latin America.
Revenues in 1998 were favorably impacted by higher tire unit sales and
acquisitions, but decreased due primarily to the adverse effect of currency
translation on international results. The Company estimates that versus 1997,
currency movements adversely affected revenues in 1998 by approximately $468
million. In addition, revenues in 1998 decreased due to continued worldwide
competitive pricing pressures, lower tire unit sales in Latin America and Asia,
lower unit sales of engineered and chemical products and strikes in the U.S.
against General Motors. Revenues in future periods may continue to be adversely
affected by currency translations and competitive pricing pressures.
Revenues in 1997 increased due primarily to higher unit sales of tires and
engineered products and acquisitions, despite continued competitive pricing
pressures worldwide and the strengthening of the U.S. dollar in 1997 versus
various foreign currencies. The Company estimates the adverse affect of currency
movements on revenues in 1997 to be approximately $383 million.
Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold was 76.6% of sales in 1998, compared to 76.7% in 1997
and 76.8% in 1996. Raw material costs decreased during 1998 and 1997, and are
not expected to increase significantly in 1999. Labor costs increased in both
1998 and 1997, due in part to United States wage agreements, which provided for
significant wage and benefit improvements.
Manufacturing costs were adversely affected in 1998 by the transition to
seven-day operations at certain U.S. and European production facilities, and in
1997 by a 19-day strike against the Company by the United Steel Workers of
America, A.F.L.-C.I.O.-C.L.C. (USWA). Costs in both 1998 and 1997 benefited from
efficiencies achieved as a result of ongoing cost containment measures.
Research and development expenditures in 1998 were $420.7 million,
compared to $384.1 million in 1997 and $374.5 million in 1996. Expenditures in
1999 are expected to be approximately $440 million.
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32
SAG
Selling, administrative and general expense (SAG) in 1998 was 14.9% of
sales, compared to 14.4% in 1997 and 14.5% in 1996. SAG in 1998 was adversely
affected by software reengineering costs and acquisitions. SAG benefited in both
1998 and 1997 from lower employment levels in the U.S., which reduced
compensation and benefit costs, and the favorable impact of ongoing worldwide
cost containment measures. SAG in 1997 was adversely affected by the acquisition
of the South African subsidiary.
EBIT
EBIT (gross margin less selling, administrative and general expense)
reflected the adverse affect of currency translations. The Company estimates
that currency movements adversely affected EBIT in 1998 by approximately $65
million versus 1997. The adverse impact on 1997 EBIT was estimated to be
approximately $46 million versus 1996.
Rationalizations and Other Actions
1998
The Company recorded a benefit totaling $22 million ($14.7 million after
tax or $.09 per share) in the second quarter resulting from the favorable
settlement of obligations related to the Company's withdrawal of support for the
worldwide Formula 1 racing series. Additionally, the Company reversed certain
reserves totaling $7.7 million ($4.9 million after tax or $.03 per share)
related to plant downsizing and closure activities in North America, due to a
change in the 1997 rationalization plan. The Company also recorded gains
totaling $123.8 million ($76.4 million after tax or $.48 per share) on the
disposition of a latex processing facility in Georgia, six distribution
facilities in North America and certain other real estate.
1997
As a result of continued competitive conditions in the markets served by
the Company, a number of rationalization actions were approved in 1997 to reduce
costs and focus on core businesses. In connection with these actions,
obligations under certain leases and other contracts were accrued, other assets
were written off and over 3,000 associates have been or will be released. A
charge of $265.2 million ($176.3 million after tax or $1.12 per share) was
recorded, of which $52.5 million related to non-cash writeoffs and $212.7
million related to future cash outflows, primarily for associate severance
costs. The remaining balance of this provision totaled $88.2 million and $201.9
million at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
The Company recorded a charge of $146.1 million for the release of more
than 3,000 associates around the world. At December 31, 1997, approximately 450
associates had been released at a total cost of $25.3 million. During 1998,
approximately 1,200 associates were released at a cost of approximately $30
million. The 1997 plan provides for the release of approximately 1,400 more
associates and $59.3 million had been reserved for that cost at December 31,
1998.
Optimization, downsizing, consolidation and withdrawal costs, other than
associate-related costs, of $119.1 million were recorded, of which $60.5
million were incurred through December 31, 1998.
The actions consisted of the withdrawal of support of Formula 1 racing,
downsizing and closure actions at four United States production facilities, the
consolidation of the Kelly-Springfield division into the Company's headquarters,
the consolidation of distribution facilities in North America from 40 to 18, the
consolidation of commercial tire outlets and the realignment of certain
production. The costs include the writeoff of buildings and equipment, lease
cancellation and non-cancelable lease costs and the cost of fulfillment of
certain contracts.
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33
At December 31, 1998 and 1997, the remaining balance of the provision for
these costs totaled $28.9 million and $112.8 million, respectively. During 1998,
approximately $54.2 million was charged to the reserve and $29.7 million was
reversed ($22 million in respect of withdrawal of support for Formula 1 racing
and $7.7 million for plant downsizing and closure activities that were changed).
The Company expects that the major portion of the actions will be completed
during 1999 with the balance to be completed in 2000. Annual pretax savings of
approximately $200 million are expected when the actions have been fully
implemented.
1996
As part of a rationalization plan the Company recorded charges totaling
$148.5 million ($95.3 million after tax or $.61 per share) related to worldwide
workforce reductions, consolidation of operations and the closing of
manufacturing facilities. The remaining balance of these provisions totaled $9.1
million and $49.6 million at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
The Company recorded $113.3 million for the release of approximately 2,800
associates around the world. At December 31, 1997, approximately 2,300
associates had been released at a cost of approximately $85.8 million. During
1998, approximately 150 associates were released at a cost of $13.1 million. The
1996 reserve was reduced by approximately $8.7 million due to a higher than
expected number of retirements. The Company plans to release approximately 120
more associates under the 1996 plan and had $5.7 million reserved at
December 31, 1998 for that cost.
Rationalization costs, other than for associate-related costs, of $35.2
million were recorded, of which $31.8 million were incurred through December 31,
1998.
The costs related to discontinuing the production of polyvinylchloride
(PVC) at the Niagara Falls chemical manufacturing facility, the closure of
certain Canadian retail stores, production rationalization plans at
international locations, primarily the closure of the Greece tire manufacturing
facility, and rationalization of production at various tire plants in the United
States. The costs recorded and incurred related primarily to the writeoff of
equipment and noncancellable leases. The remaining balance of these provisions
at December 31, 1998 and 1997 totaled $3.4 million and $22.1 million,
respectively. The Company expects to substantially complete these plans in 1999.
Annual pretax savings of approximately $110 million are expected when the plans
have been fully implemented.
Asset Sales -- The Company recorded net gains totaling $32.1 million ($21.6
million after tax or $.14 per share) related to the sale of assets.
For further information, refer to the note to the financial statements
No. 2, Rationalizations.
Interest Expense
Interest expense in 1998 was $147.8 million, compared to $119.5 million
in 1997 and $128.6 million in 1996. Debt levels increased in 1998 to fund
acquisitions and support increased working capital levels.
Other Expense
Other expense was $46.4 million in 1998, compared to $24.5 in 1997 and
$22.6 in 1996. A charge of $15.9 million ($10.4 million after tax or $.07 per
share) was recorded in 1998 for the settlement of several related lawsuits
involving employment matters in Latin America. Interest income decreased in both
1998 and 1997 due primarily to lower levels of time deposits worldwide.
For further information, refer to the note to the financial statements
No. 5, Other Expense.
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34
Foreign Currency Exchange
Foreign currency exchange increased pretax income by $2.6 million in 1998
and $34.1 million in 1997, but lowered pretax income by $7.4 million in 1996.
The improvement in 1997 was due primarily to the Company's currency exposure
management strategies, primarily related to the impact of the strengthening of
the U.S. dollar versus various European and Asian currencies.
Income Taxes
The Company's effective tax rate was 27.6%, 28.0% and 29.6% in 1998, 1997
and 1996, respectively. Net income in 1998 and 1997 benefited from a lower
effective tax rate due to strategies that allowed the Company to manage global
cash flows and minimize tax expense.
For further information, refer to the note to the financial statements
No. 17, Income Taxes.
Discontinued Operations
On July 30, 1998, the Company sold substantially all of the assets and
liabilities of its oil transportation business to Plains All American Inc., a
subsidiary of Plains Resources Inc. The loss on the sale, net of income from
operations during 1998, totaled $34.7 million after tax or $.22 per share.
Proceeds from the sale were $422.3 million, which included distributions to the
Company prior to closing of $25.1 million. The principal assets of the oil
transportation business included the All American Pipeline System, a heated
crude oil pipeline system consisting of a 1,225 mile mainline segment extending
from Las Flores and Gaviota, California, to McCamey, Texas, a crude oil
gathering system located in California's San Joaquin Valley and related terminal
and storage facilities. The transaction has been accounted for as a sale of
discontinued operations, and accordingly, the accompanying financial information
has been restated where required.
For further information, refer to the note to the financial statements
No. 3, Discontinued Operations.
Strategic Alliance
On February 3, 1999, the Company signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU)
with Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. (SRI), under which the Company and SRI
would enter into a strategic alliance for the manufacture and sale of tires. The
MOU provides for the creation of jointly held tire companies in Europe, North
America and Japan, jointly held companies for global technology exchange and for
global purchasing, and the investment by the Company and SRI in the common stock
of the other. Definitive agreements are expected to be signed later this year.
The Company expects to realize synergies and efficiencies from the integration
and merger of its operations with those of SRI and accordingly, produce and
distribute a broader variety of lower cost, higher quality products.
Under the terms of the MOU, the Company would acquire 75% ownership of the
tire company in Europe, which would hold substantially all of each party's tire
manufacturing and sales operations in that region. The Company's businesses in
Poland, Slovenia, South Africa, Turkey and Morocco (all of which are managed as
part of the Company's European tire business unit) would not be a part of the
European tire company. The Company would also acquire 75% ownership of the tire
company in North America, which would hold substantially all of SRI's tire
manufacturing operations in North America and certain of SRI's sales and
distribution operations in that region. The remainder of SRI's North American
sales and distribution operations would be acquired in their entirety by the
Company. In addition, the Company would acquire 25% ownership of each of two
tire companies in Japan, one of which would be responsible for the sale and
distribution of most tires under the Company's trademarks in the Japanese
replace-
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ment market, and the other of which would be responsible for the sale and
distribution of most tires under both the Company's and SRI's trademarks to
original equipment manufacturers in Japan. The Japanese replacement tire company
would hold the assets of the Company's replacement tire business in Japan. The
Company would also acquire 51% ownership of the global technology company and
80% ownership of the global purchasing company.
The terms of the agreement provide for a cash payment by the Company to SRI
totaling $936 million associated with the formation of the European and North
American tire companies. The transaction would be accounted for by the Company
as a purchase of 75% of SRI's businesses to be held by the European and North
American companies, a sale of 25% of the Company's businesses to be held by the
European tire company and a sale of 75% of the Company's businesses to be held
by the Japanese tire companies. All, or a substantial portion of, the cash
payment by the Company is expected to be financed by the issuance of debt in
1999.
In addition to the companies formed under the alliance, the Company would
acquire 10% of the outstanding equity of SRI, and SRI would acquire common stock
of the Company having an equivalent market value. The Company expects to issue
shares of its common stock to SRI out of treasury.
Year 2000
The Year 2000 Issue is the result of computer programs being written using
two digits rather than four to define the applicable year. Any computer program
that has date sensitive software may recognize a date using "00" as the year
1900 rather than the year 2000. This could result in a temporary inability to
process transactions or engage in normal manufacturing or other business
activities.
The Company, on a coordinated basis and with the assistance of IBM and
other consultants, is addressing the Year 2000 Issue. The Company has
inventoried and assessed all date sensitive technical infrastructure and
information and transaction processing computer systems ("I/T Systems") and
determined that a substantial portion of its software and some hardware must be
modified or replaced. Plans are being implemented to correct and test all
affected I/T Systems, with priorities assigned based on the importance of the
activity. The Company has also inventoried and assessed its manufacturing and
other operating systems that may be date sensitive ("Process Systems"),
including those that use embedded technology such as micro-controllers and
micro-processors. The Company has identified substantially all of the software
and hardware installations that will be necessary to achieve Year 2000
compliance and has made substantial progress in repairing the existing and
acquiring and installing the new I/T Systems and Process Systems necessary to
achieve Year 2000 compliance.
The Company monitors its Year 2000 compliance efforts with respect to I/T
Systems and Process Systems in three phases: (1) the identification and
inventory of date sensitive transactions, processes and systems (the "Inventory
Phase"), (2) the determination of repairs and replacements required, if any,
through testing, analysis and design (the "Analysis Phase"), and (3) the repair
or acquisition, installation and testing of Year 2000 compliant systems (the
"Remediation Phase"). All I/T Systems and Process Systems are scheduled to have
been repaired or acquired and installed, tested and determined to be Year 2000
compliant by November of 1999.
The Company has completed the Inventory Phase and the Analysis Phase, and
substantially completed the Remediation Phase, in respect of the critical I/T
Systems, including its order entry, shipping and billing systems and technical
infrastructure, and the critical Process Systems located in its tire
manufacturing facilities. The following table indicates the Company's progress
in its Year 2000 compliance program.
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Estimated Percentage of Year 2000 Compliance Activity Completed
I/T Process
Systems Systems
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Inventory Phase Completed at:
12/31/97 75% 25%
9/30/98 100% 100%
12/31/98 100% 100%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Analysis Phase Completed at:
12/31/97 50% 10%
9/30/98 100% 90%
12/31/98 100% 95%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Remediation Phase Completed at:
12/31/97 25% 0%
9/30/98 60% 57%
12/31/98 74% 66%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The cost of repairing the Company's existing I/T Systems that will be
modified in order to achieve Year 2000 compliance is estimated to be $80 million
to $100 million, including the $16 million expended in 1997 and the $42 million
expended during 1998. The remaining $22 million to $42 million will be spent
during 1999 as the Company completes the repair, installation and testing of
software and hardware and, in a few instances, the purchase and installation of
new hardware. All of the costs of repairing such existing I/T Systems will be
for consulting fees and software and hardware modifications, which costs have
been and will be expensed in the period incurred. The cost of new hardware has
been and will be capitalized.
In addition, for several years the Company, with the assistance of
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and other consultants, has also been designing,
acquiring and installing various business transaction processing I/T Systems.
The software and hardware purchased and installed in connection with these new
I/T Systems in each case provide significant new functionality and, in some
instances, will also replace non-compliant I/T Systems with new Year 2000
compliant I/T Systems. Due to the integrated nature of these I/T Systems
enhancement projects, it is not practicable to segregate the costs associated
with the elements of these new I/T Systems that may have been accelerated to
facilitate Year 2000 compliance. The Company estimates that prior to January 1,
2000 it will have spent approximately $205 million to $240 million for
consulting, software and hardware costs incurred in connection with the I/T
Systems enhancement projects in process since 1996, of which amount
approximately $145 million has been expended through December 31, 1998,
including $122 million during 1998. The Company anticipates that costs incurred
in respect of such projects will be approximately $60 million to $95 million
during 1999. Through December 31, 1998, approximately $17 million of these costs
have been expensed and approximately $128 million of these costs have been
capitalized. Substantially all of the remaining consulting, software and
hardware costs for these I/T Systems enhancement projects will be capitalized.
The Company is modifying or replacing and testing its Process Systems at an
anticipated cost of between $25 million and $30 million, substantially all of
which is for the acquisition of replacement systems. The cost of the Process
Systems has been and will be capitalized. Through December 31, 1998, the cost of
Process Systems installed by the Company has totaled $20 million, all of which
was incurred during 1998.
The Company's Year 2000 compliance cost (including the cost of all I/T
Systems enhancement projects) are expected to total approximately $310 million
to $370 million, of which amount $223 million has been expended through December
31, 1998. All Year 2000 costs have been and will be funded from operations.
For 1998, costs for repairing existing I/T Systems for Year 2000 compliance
were approximately 12% of the Company's budget for information technology and it
is expected that such
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37
Year 2000 compliance efforts will represent approximately 9% of the Company's
information technology budget during 1999. The total cost of repairing existing
I/T Systems and of the I/T Systems enhancement projects represented 47% of the
Company's information technology budget during 1998 and will represent
approximately 33% of its 1999 information technology budget.
While a few information technology projects have been deferred or
reprioritized, the impact of any delays in implementing these projects due to
Year 2000 compliance efforts has not affected, and is not expected to affect,
the Company's financial condition or to have any significant impact on its
results of operations during 1999 or thereafter.
The Company has surveyed its significant suppliers to determine the extent
to which the Company may be vulnerable to their failure to correct their own
Year 2000 issues. Based on responses to its survey and other communications
received to date, the Company is able to assess the Year 2000 readiness of
approximately 10% of its significant suppliers. Failure of the Company's
significant trading partners to address Year 2000 issues could have a material
adverse effect on the Company's operations, although it is not possible at this
time to quantify the amount of revenues and profits that might be lost, or the
costs that could be incurred, by the Company.
In addition, parts of the global infrastructure, including national banking
systems, electrical power, transportation facilities, communications and
governmental activities, may not be fully functional after 1999. Failures in the
global infrastructure could significantly reduce the Company's ability to
manufacture its products at affected locations and its ability to serve its
customers as effectively as they are now being served. The Company reviews
available information, including governmental and industry reports, regarding
elements of the global infrastructure that may affect its operations, to
evaluate their expected Year 2000 readiness.
While the Company believes its efforts to address the Year 2000 Issue will
be successful in avoiding any material adverse effect on the Company's
operations or financial condition, it recognizes that failing to resolve Year
2000 Issues on a timely basis would, in a "most reasonably likely worst case
scenario", significantly limit its ability to manufacture and distribute certain
of its products for a period of time, which is most likely to arise in the event
of the failure of one or more significant suppliers or essential components of
the global infrastructure, such as power sources. The Company is not able to
estimate its lost revenues, lost profits and costs incurred in the event of the
occurrence of the "most reasonably likely worst case scenario". If the Company's
systems are not Year 2000 compliant in a timely manner, the Company may also
incur liability for breach of contract or other harm. It is not possible at this
time to estimate either the risk of incurring any such liability or the nature
or amount of any such liability.
The Company has started its contingency planning for its critical
operational areas that might be affected by the Year 2000 Issue if its
compliance is delayed. In early 1999, the Company will also review the extent to
which contingency plans may be required for any suppliers, components of the
global infrastructure or other third parties that fail to achieve Year 2000
compliance. The Company's contingency plans were 10% complete at December 31,
1998 and are expected to be completed by June 30, 1999. The contingency plans
will include identification of critical processes, risk assessment and response
techniques in the event of a system failure. Planned responses to system
failures include emergency response teams designed to produce prompt corrective
action, identification of alternate sources of supply, manual processing of
transactions, manual control of production processes and the stock piling of raw
materials and finished goods in those instances where a high risk of a supply
failure is suspected. In certain cases, especially global infrastructure
failures, there may be no practical alternative course of action available to
the Company that will permit resumption of an interrupted business activity.
The foregoing discussion regarding Year 2000 project timing, effectiveness,
implementation and costs are based on management's current evaluation using
available information. Factors that might cause material changes include, but
are not limited to, the availability of key Year
35
38
2000 personnel, the readiness of third parties, and the Company's ability to
respond to unforeseen Year 2000 complications.
The Euro
Effective January 1, 1999, member states of the European Economic and
Monetary Union converted to a common currency known as the Euro. Modifications
to certain of the Company's information systems software were required in
connection with this conversion. The Company has completed these modifications
at a nominal cost, and does not anticipate that the conversion to the Euro will
have any significant operational impact. Additionally, the Company does not
expect the conversion to the Euro to have a material impact on results of
operations, financial position or liquidity of its European businesses.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
The Financial Accounting Standards Board has issued Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 133 (SFAS 133), "Accounting for Derivative Instruments
and Hedging Activities". SFAS 133 requires all derivatives to be recognized as
either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet and be measured at fair value.
Changes in such fair value are required to be recognized in earnings to the
extent that the derivatives are not effective as hedges. SFAS 133 is effective
for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 1999, and is effective for interim
periods in the initial year of adoption. The Company has not yet determined the
financial statement impact of the adoption of SFAS 133.
SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company has adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131
(SFAS 131), "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information", effective December 31, 1998. SFAS 131 requires disclosure of
segment information on the basis that is used internally for evaluating
performance and deciding how to allocate resources to the Company's operations.
Accordingly, segment information for 1997 and 1996 has been restated to conform
to the requirements of SFAS 131.
Segment information reflects the strategic business units of the Company,
which are organized to meet customer requirements and global competition. The
tire business is managed on a regional basis. Accordingly, the Company's tire
segments consist of North American Tire, Europe Tire, Latin American Tire and
Asia Tire. Engineered Products and Chemical Products are managed on a global
basis.
Results of operations in the tire and engineered products business segments
were measured based on net sales to unaffiliated customers and EBIT. Results of
operations of the chemical business included transfers to other segments. EBIT
is computed as follows: net sales less cost of goods sold and selling,
administrative and general expense, including allocated central administrative
expenses. For further information, refer to the note to the financial statements
No. 19, Business Segments.
Segment EBIT was $1,125.7 million in 1998, $1,202.1 million in 1997 and
$1,167.7 million in 1996. Segment operating margin in 1998 was 8.6%, compared to
8.8% in 1997 and 8.6% in 1996.
North American Tire
In North America, sales in 1998 of $6.24 billion increased slightly from
$6.21 billion in 1997 and 1.8% from $6.12 billion in 1996.
Unit sales in 1998 increased 2.3% from 1997. Replacement unit sales
increased 3.6%, but original equipment volume decreased slightly due primarily
to strikes against General Motors.
36
39
In 1997, unit sales rose 2.4%, with original equipment volume increasing 4.3%
and replacement volume 1.4% higher.
Revenues increased in 1998 and 1997 on higher unit sales, but were
adversely affected by competitive pricing pressures, a change in mix and the
impact of currency translation on Canadian results. In addition, revenues were
adversely affected by reduced demand resulting from strikes against General
Motors in 1998 and by strikes against the Company in 1997. Revenues in future
periods may continue to be adversely affected by competitive pricing pressures.
EBIT in North America was $378.6 million in 1998, decreasing 1.0% from
$382.5 million in 1997 but increasing 19.7% from $316.2 million in 1996.
Operating margin in 1998 was 6.1%, compared to 6.2% in 1997 and 5.2% in 1996.
EBIT in 1998 reflected lower revenues and costs associated with the
transition to seven-day operations at certain production facilities, the
consolidation of warehouse operations and software reengineering costs. EBIT in
both 1998 and 1997 reflected higher unit sales, lower raw material costs, lower
SAG, improved productivity and the effects of ongoing cost containment measures.
EBIT in 1997 was adversely affected by increased costs resulting from the
previously mentioned strikes against the Company.
EBIT in 1998 did not include gains totaling $51.8 million from asset sales
and favorable experience in rationalization programs. EBIT also excluded
rationalization charges of $107.6 million in 1997 and $80.0 million in 1996.
Europe Tire
In Europe, sales in 1998 of $2.91 billion decreased slightly from $2.93
billion in 1997 but increased 1.4% from $2.87 billion in 1996.
Unit sales in 1998 increased 5.6% from 1997. Replacement unit sales
increased 8.4%, but original equipment volume was 1.6% lower. In 1997, unit
sales rose 9.8%, with replacement volume increasing 5.2% and original equipment
volume 23.5% higher.
Revenues decreased in 1998 due primarily to the effects of currency
translations and competitive pricing. Tire unit sales in 1998 were higher, due
in part to the acquisition of a majority interest in tire manufacturing
operations in Slovenia. Revenues increased in 1997 on higher unit sales, and
results were favorably impacted by the acquisition of a majority interest in
tire manufacturing and distribution operations in South Africa. Revenues were
adversely affected in 1997 by the effects of currency translation and
competitive pricing.
EBIT in Europe was $302.1 million in 1998, increasing 12.3% from
$269.1 million in 1997 and increasing slightly from $299.8 million in
1996. Operating margin in 1998 was 10.4%, compared to 9.2% in 1997 and 10.4% in
1996.
EBIT in 1998 increased due primarily to higher tire unit volume, lower raw
material costs, productivity improvements and the effects of cost containment
measures. EBIT in 1997 decreased due primarily to competitive pricing pressures
and the effects of currency translation, but was favorably impacted by increased
revenues, lower raw material costs and productivity improvements.
EBIT in 1998 did not include gains totaling $4.1 million from asset sales.
EBIT also excluded rationalization charges of $50.9 million in 1997 and $29.4
million in 1996.
Revenues and EBIT may continue to be adversely affected in future periods
by currency translations and competitive pricing pressures.
Latin American Tire
In Latin America, sales in 1998 of $1.25 billion decreased 11.9% from $1.41
billion in 1997 and 9.0% from $1.37 billion in 1996.
37
40
Unit sales in 1998 decreased 4.8% from 1997. Replacement unit sales
increased slightly while original equipment volume was 17.3% lower. In 1997,
unit sales rose 7.5%, with replacement volume increasing 2.8% and original
equipment volume 21.4% higher.
Revenues in 1998 decreased due primarily to lower tire unit sales resulting
from unfavorable economic conditions in the region, the effects of currency
translations and competitive pricing pressures. Revenues rose in 1997 on higher
tire unit sales.
EBIT in Latin America was $186.1 million in 1998, decreasing 20.3% from
$233.5 million in 1997 and 17.9% from $226.8 million in 1996. Operating margin
in 1998 was 14.9%, compared to 16.5% in 1997 and 16.6% in 1996.
EBIT in 1998 decreased due primarily to lower revenues and the effects of
currency translations. EBIT in 1997 increased due primarily to lower raw
material costs, improved productivity and the effects of ongoing cost
containment measures.
EBIT in 1998 did not include a net charge totaling $12.5 million from an
asset sale and a lawsuit settlement. EBIT also excluded rationalization charges
of $36.5 million in 1997 and $20.8 million in 1996.
Revenues and EBIT in Latin America in future periods are likely to be
adversely affected by the expected continuing unfavorable economic conditions in
the region, especially in Brazil.
Asia Tire
In Asia, sales in 1998 of $501.8 million decreased 24.8% from $666.9
million in 1997 and 31.8% from $736.2 million in 1996.
Unit sales in 1998 decreased 7.7% from 1997. Replacement unit sales
increased 2.2% but original equipment volume was 44.8% lower. In 1997, unit
sales rose 4.7%, with replacement volume increasing 6.6% and original equipment
volume 1.6% lower.
Revenues in 1998 decreased due primarily to the effects of currency
translation, lower tire unit sales resulting from the severe economic downturn
in the region and competitive pricing pressures. Revenues in 1997 reflected
higher tire unit sales, but decreased due primarily to the effects of currency
translation, an economic downturn in the Western Pacific and competitive pricing
conditions in many countries in the region.
EBIT in Asia was $7.5 million in 1998, decreasing substantially from $58.6
million in 1997 and $70.2 million in 1996. Operating margin in 1998 was 1.5%,
compared to 8.8% in 1997 and 9.5% in 1996.
EBIT in 1998 decreased due to lower revenues and reduced levels of capacity
utilization. EBIT in 1997 decreased due to lower revenues, but was favorably
impacted by lower raw material costs and the effects of ongoing cost containment
measures.
EBIT in 1998 did not include a gain of $10.1 million from an asset sale.
EBIT also excluded rationalization charges of $1.8 million in 1996.
Revenues and EBIT in Asia in future periods are likely to be adversely
affected by the expected continuing unfavorable economic conditions in the
region.
Sales and operating income of the Asia segment reflect the results of the
Company's majority-owned tire business in the region. In addition, the Company
owns a 50% interest in South Pacific Tyres Ltd. (SPT), the largest tire
manufacturer, marketer and exporter in Australia and New Zealand. Results of
operations of SPT are not reported in segment results, and are reflected in the
Company's Consolidated Statement of Income using the equity method.
The following table presents the sales and operating income of the
Company's Asian segment together with 100% of the sales and operating income of
SPT:
38
41
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
-----------------------------------------------------------
Net Sales:
Asia Segment $ 501.8 $ 666.9 $ 736.2
SPT 636.3 744.2 814.1
-----------------------------------------------------------
$1,138.1 $1,411.1 $1,550.3
Operating Income:
Asia Segment $ 7.5 $ 58.6 $ 70.2
SPT 47.2 63.5 75.8
-----------------------------------------------------------
$ 54.7 $ 122.1 $ 146.0
Engineered Products
Sales in Engineered Products in 1998 of $1.28 billion decreased 3.4% from
$1.32 billion in 1997 but increased slightly from $1.27 billion in 1996.
Revenues in Engineered Products decreased in 1998 due primarily to lower
unit sales volume resulting from adverse economic conditions in Latin America
and the sale of the Jackson, Ohio automotive trim plant in 1997. Revenues
increased in 1997 on higher unit sales resulting in part from acquisitions of
manufacturing and distribution operations.
EBIT in 1998 was $111.8 million, decreasing 14.1% from $130.1 million in
1997 and 5.7% from $118.5 million in 1996. Operating margin in 1998 was 8.7%,
compared to 9.8% in 1997 and 9.3% in 1996.
EBIT in Engineered Products decreased in 1998 due primarily to lower
revenues. EBIT increased in 1997 due primarily to higher unit volume, improved
productivity and ongoing cost containment measures.
EBIT in 1998 did not include a gain of $.6 million from an asset sale. EBIT
also excluded rationalization charges of $6.0 million in 1997 and $15.2 million
in 1996.
Chemical Products
Sales in Chemical Products in 1998 of $970.8 million decreased 10.9% from
$1.09 billion in 1997 and 15.8% from $1.15 billion in 1996.
Revenues in Chemical Products decreased in 1998 and 1997 due to reduced
unit volume and competitive pricing pressures. Revenues in 1998 were also
adversely affected by the sale of the Calhoun, Georgia latex processing
facility.
EBIT in 1998 was $139.6 million, increasing 8.8% from $128.3 million in
1997 and 2.5% from $136.2 million in 1996. Operating margin in 1998 was 14.4%,
compared to 11.8% in 1997 and 1996.
EBIT in Chemical Products in 1998 increased due primarily to improved
results in natural rubber operations. EBIT increased in 1997 due primarily to
lower manufacturing costs and a more favorable product mix.
EBIT in 1998 excluded a gain of $61.5 million from an asset sale. EBIT in
1996 excluded gains from asset sales of $42.4 million and rationalization
charges of $11.6 million.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Cash provided by operating activities was $439.1 million in 1998. Cash was
used for working capital requirements and pension funding, as discussed below.
Cash was also used for payments made related to rationalization programs.
39
42
Working Capital
Working capital requirements increased for inventories and payables, due in
part to worldwide production rationalization and increased raw material
inventories.
Pensions
The Company's domestic pension funding practice since 1993 has been to
fund, from operations, amounts in excess of the requirements of federal laws and
regulations. The Company funded $83.5 million in 1998. During the six years
ended December 31, 1998 the Company funded a total of $772.8 million, and the
major domestic pension plans were fully funded at that date.
For further information on pensions, refer to the note to the financial
statements No. 13, Pensions.
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Cash used in investing activities was $701.5 million during 1998. Capital
expenditures were $838.4 million, of which amount $365.1 million was used on
projects to increase capacity and improve productivity and the balance was used
for tire molds and various other projects. Capital expenditures are expected to
approximate $750-$900 million in 1999. At December 31, 1998, the Company had
binding commitments for land, buildings and equipment of $194.8 million.
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
---------------------------------------------------------
Capital Expenditures $838.4 $699.0 $617.5
Depreciation 487.8 453.9 419.9
Other investing activities in 1998 included acquisitions of majority
ownership interests in tire manufacturers in Slovenia, India and Japan. In
addition, the Company raised its ownership to 100% of the Company's tire and
engineered products subsidiary in South Africa and the Brad Ragan subsidiary in
the United States. Investing activities in 1998 also included expenditures for
information systems hardware and software and the divestitures of the Company's
oil transportation business, a latex processing facility in Georgia, six
distribution facilities in North America and other miscellaneous real estate.
For further information on investing activities, refer to the note to the
financial statements No. 4, Strategic Alliance and Noncash Investing Activities.
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Cash provided by financing activities was $246.3 million during 1998. Debt
levels increased, reflecting in part cash outflows for operating and investing
activities.
(Dollars in millions) 1998 1997 1996
-------------------------------------------------------------
Consolidated Debt $1,975.8 $1,351.2 $1,376.7
Debt to Debt and Equity 34.5% 28.5% 29.6%
During the first quarter of 1998, the Company issued domestic long term
fixed rate debt totaling $250 million. In addition, the acquisition of majority
ownership of the Indian tire manufacturer increased debt by $103 million. During
1998 the Company also repaid two term loans totaling $102.2 million and entered
into a new term loan agreement totaling $50.0 million.
Credit Sources
Substantial short term and long term credit sources are available to the
Company globally under normal commercial practices. At December 31, 1998, there
were worldwide credit sources totaling $3.4 billion, of which $1.4 billion were
unused, including the two revolving cred-
40
43
it facility agreements discussed below. In addition, the Company maintains a
commercial paper program, whereunder the Company may have outstanding up to
$550 million at any time.
The Company is a party to two revolving credit facility agreements,
consisting of a $700 million five year revolving credit facility and a $300
million 364-day revolving credit facility. Each of the facility agreements is
with 23 domestic and international banks. Under the $700 million facility
agreement, the Company may borrow at any time until July 13, 2003, when the
commitment terminates and any outstanding loans mature. Under the $300 million
facility agreement, the Company may borrow until July 12, 1999, on which date
the facility commitment terminates, except as it may be extended on a bank by
bank basis. If a bank does not extend its commitment if requested to do so, the
Company may obtain from such bank a two year term loan up to the amount of such
bank's commitment. There were no borrowings outstanding under these agreements
at December 31, 1998.
Other Financing Activities
Throughout 1998, the Company sold certain domestic accounts receivable
under continuous sale programs whereby, as these receivables were collected, new
receivables were sold. Under these agreements, undivided interests in designated
receivable pools are sold to purchasers with recourse limited to the receivables
purchased. At December 31, 1998 and 1997, the outstanding balance of receivables
sold under these agreements amounted to $550 million.
The Board of Directors of the Company approved a three year share
repurchase program in 1997, whereunder the Company may acquire up to $600
million of outstanding Common Stock of the Company. The program is designed to
give the Company better flexibility in funding future acquisitions and to
optimize shareholder value. During 1998, 1,500,000 shares were repurchased under
this program at an average cost of $56.82.
For further information on financing activities, refer to the note to the
financial statements No. 9, Financing Arrangements and Derivative Financial
Instruments.
Funds generated by operations, together with funds available under existing
credit arrangements, are expected to be sufficient to meet the Company's
currently anticipated operating cash requirements. As previously discussed, in
February 1999 the Company signed a memorandum of understanding to acquire
certain businesses from Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. (SRI). Under the terms
of the memorandum, the Company would pay $936 million to SRI. The Company
anticipates funding all or a substantial portion of the acquisition with the
issuance of debt in 1999.
ITEM 7(A). QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
Interest Rate Risk
The Company actively manages its fixed and floating rate debt mix, within
defined limitations, using refinancings and unleveraged interest rate swaps. The
Company will enter into fixed and floating interest rate swaps to alter its
exposure to the impact of changing interest rates on consolidated results of
operations and future cash outflows for interest. Fixed rate swaps are used to
reduce the Company's risk of increased interest costs during periods of rising
interest rates. Floating rate swaps are used to convert the fixed rates of long
term borrowings into short term variable rates. Interest rate swap contracts are
thus used by the Company to separate interest rate risk management from the debt
funding decision. At December 31, 1998, the interest rate on 55% of the
Company's debt was fixed by either the nature of the obligation or through the
interest rate contracts, compared to 62% at December 31, 1997.
41
44
The following tables present information at December 31:
(In millions) 1998 1997
--------------------------------------------------------
Interest Rate Contracts
Fair value-- liability $ 2.2 $ .8
Carrying amount -- liability .1 .5
Pro forma fair value -- liability 3.2 2.2
--------------------------------------------------------
The pro forma information assumes a 10% decrease in variable market
interest rates at December 31 of each year, and reflects the estimated fair
value of contracts outstanding at that date under that assumption.
(In millions) 1998 1997
--------------------------------------------------------
Fixed Rate Debt
Fair value -- liability $938.6 $595.8
Carrying amount -- liability 879.2 571.3
Pro forma fair value -- liability 997.7 626.8
--------------------------------------------------------
The pro forma information assumes a 100 basis point decrease in market
interest rates at December 31 of each year, and reflects the estimated fair
value of fixed rate debt outstanding at that date under that assumption.
The sensitivity to changes in interest rates of the Company's interest
rate contracts and fixed rate debt was determined with a valuation model based
upon net modified duration analysis. The model assumes a parallel shift in the
yield curve, and the precision of the model decreases as the assumed change in
interest rates increases.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
In order to reduce the impact of changes in foreign exchange rates on
consolidated results of operations and future foreign currency denominated cash
flows, the Company was a party to various foreign currency forward exchange
contracts at December 31, 1998 and 1997. These contracts reduce exposure to
currency movements affecting existing foreign currency denominated assets,
liabilities and firm commitments resulting primarily from trade receivables and
payables, equipment acquisitions, intercompany loans and the Company's Swiss
franc debt. The contract maturities match the maturities of the currency
positions. Changes in the fair value of forward exchange contracts are
substantially offset by changes in the fair value of the hedged positions.
The following table presents information at December 31:
(In millions) 1998 1997
---------------------------------------------------------
Fair value -- favorable $ 82.3 $ 71.0
Carrying amount -- asset 87.7 78.5
Pro forma change in fair value 8.6 15.0
---------------------------------------------------------
The pro forma information assumes a 10% change in foreign exchange rates
at December 31 of each year, and reflects the estimated change in the fair
value of contracts outstanding at that date under that assumption.
The sensitivity to changes in exchange rates of the Company's foreign
currency positions was determined using current market pricing models.
For further information on interest rate contracts and foreign currency
exchange contracts, refer to the note to financial statements No. 9, Financing
Arrangements and Derivative Financial Instruments.
42
45
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
INDEX
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Page
----
Report of Independent Accountants....................................... 43
Consolidated Statement of Income -- years ended
December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996...................................... 44
Consolidated Balance Sheet -- December 31, 1998 and 1997................ 45
Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Equity -- years ended
December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996...................................... 46
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows -- years ended
December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996...................................... 47
Notes to Financial Statements........................................... 48
Supplementary Data (unaudited).......................................... 68
Financial Statement Schedules........................................... FS-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the index
on this page present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of
The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company and Subsidiaries at December 31, 1998 and
1997, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 1998, in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management; our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our
audits of these statements in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards which require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for the opinion expressed above.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Cleveland, Ohio
February 3, 1999
43
46
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME
(Dollars in millions, except per share)
Year Ended December 31, 1998 1997 1996
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Sales $ 12,626.3 $ 13,065.3 $ 12,985.7
Cost of Goods Sold 9,672.9 10,015.6 9,968.9
Selling, Administrative and General Expense 1,881.1 1,886.7 1,887.2
Rationalizations (Note 2) (153.5) 265.2 116.4
Interest Expense (Note 15) 147.8 119.5 128.6
Other Expense (Note 5) 46.4 24.5 22.6
Foreign Currency Exchange (2.6) (34.1) 7.4
Minority Interest in Net Income of Subsidiaries 31.5 44.6 43.1
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes 1,002.7 743.3 811.5
United States and Foreign Taxes on Income (Note 17) 285.7 220.9 253.0
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income from Continuing Operations $ 717.0 $ 522.4 $ 558.5
Discontinued Operations (Note 3) (34.7) 36.3 (456.8)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income $ 682.3 $ 558.7 $ 101.7
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income (Loss) Per Share -- Basic:
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income from Continuing Operations $ 4.58 $ 3.34 $ 3.60
Discontinued Operations (.22) .24 (2.94)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income $ 4.36 $ 3.58 $ .66
Average Shares Outstanding 156,570,476 156,225,112 155,051,802
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income (Loss) Per Share -- Diluted:
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income from Continuing Operations $ 4.53 $ 3.30 $ 3.56
Discontinued Operations (.22) .23 (2.91)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income $ 4.31 $ 3.53 $ .65
Average Shares Outstanding 158,307,212 158,169,534 156,778,058
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial statement.
44
47
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(Dollars in millions)
December 31, 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 239.0 $ 258.6
Accounts and notes
receivable (Note 6) 1,770.7 1,733.6
Inventories (Note 7) 2,164.5 1,835.2
Prepaid expenses and other
current assets 354.9 336.5
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Current Assets 4,529.1 4,163.9
Long Term Accounts and Notes Receivable 173.5 201.9
Investments in Affiliates, at equity 111.4 124.6
Other Assets 99.5 134.1
Deferred Charges 1,317.3 1,143.2
Properties and Plants (Note 8) 4,358.5 4,149.7
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Assets $10,589.3 $ 9,917.4
Liabilities
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable-- trade $ 1,131.7 $ 1,177.8
Compensation and benefits 751.0 782.7
Other current liabilities 351.9 421.8
United States and foreign taxes 252.6 362.0
Notes payable to banks (Note 9) 763.3 440.2
Long term debt due within one year 26.0 66.5
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Current Liabilities 3,276.5 3,251.0
Compensation and Benefits 1,945.9 1,945.7
Long Term Debt (Note 9) 1,186.5 844.5
Other Long Term Liabilities 175.6 224.5
Minority Equity in Subsidiaries 259.0 256.2
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Liabilities 6,843.5 6,521.9
Shareholders' Equity Preferred Stock, no
par value:
Authorized, 50,000,000 shares, unissued -- --
Common Stock, no par value:
Authorized, 300,000,000 shares
Outstanding shares, 155,943,535
(156,588,783 in 1997) 155.9 156.6
Capital Surplus 1,015.9 1,061.6
Retained Earnings 3,477.8 2,983.4
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (903.8) (806.1)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Shareholders' Equity 3,745.8 3,395.5
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Liabilities and Shareholders'
Equity $10,589.3 $ 9,917.4
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial statement.
45
48
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income
------------------------
Common Stock Foreign Minimum Total
--------------- Capital Retained Currency Pension Shareholders'
(Dollars in millions, except per share) Shares Amount Surplus Earnings Translation Liability Equity
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1995
(after deducting 42,154,357 treasury
shares) 153,524,311 $ 153.5 $ 975.2 $ 2,661.0 $ (481.7) $ (26.3) $ 3,281.7
Comprehensive income:
Net income 101.7
Foreign currency translation (26.7)
Minimum pension liability (net of
tax of $4.1) (4.7)
Total comprehensive income 70.3
Cash dividends-- $1.03 per share (159.7) (159.7)
Common stock issued from treasury:
Dividend Reinvestment and
Stock Purchase Plan 91,310 .1 4.3 4.4
Stock compensation plans 2,434,353 2.5 79.9 82.4
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1996
(after deducting 39,628,694 treasury
shares) 156,049,974 156.1 1,059.4 2,603.0 (508.4) (31.0) 3,279.1
Comprehensive income:
Net income 558.7
Foreign currency translation (269.6)
Minimum pension liability (net of
tax of $1.6) 2.9
Total comprehensive income 292.0
Cash dividends-- $1.14 per share (178.3) (178.3)
Common stock acquired (1,478,200) (1.5) (76.9) (78.4)
Common stock issued from treasury:
Dividend Reinvestment and
Stock Purchase Plan 56,399 .1 3.1 3.2
Stock compensation plans 1,960,610 1.9 76.0 77.9
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1997
(after deducting 39,089,885 treasury
shares) 156,588,783 156.6 1,061.6 2,983.4 (778.0) (28.1) 3,395.5
Comprehensive income:
Net income 682.3
Foreign currency translation (99.6)
Minimum pension liability (net of
tax of $.2) 1.9
Total comprehensive income 584.6
Cash dividends-- $1.20 per share (187.9) (187.9)
Common stock acquired (1,500,000) (1.5) (83.7) (85.2)
Common stock issued from treasury:
Stock compensation plans 854,752 . 8 38.0 38.8
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at December 31, 1998
(after deducting 39,735,133 treasury
shares) 155,943,535 $155.9 $1,015.9 $3,477.8 $(877.6) $(26.2) $3,745.8
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial statement.
46
49
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in millions)
Year Ended December 31, 1998 1997 1996
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income $ 682.3 $ 558.7 $ 101.7
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash
flows from operating activities:
Depreciation 487.8 453.9 419.9
Deferred tax provision 144.9 (15.2) 39.5
Discontinued operations (Note 3) 49.5 -- 499.3
Rationalizations (95.4) 227.8 77.9
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net
of acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts and notes receivable 35.6 (101.7) (106.2)
Inventories (313.6) (107.1) (5.5)
Accounts payable-- trade (74.6) 115.4 (66.3)
Domestic pension funding (83.5) (43.0) (72.8)
Other assets and liabilities (393.9) (36.4) (30.9)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total adjustments (243.2) 493.7 754.9
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total cash flows from operating activities 439.1 1,052.4 856.6
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Capital expenditures (838.4) (699.0) (617.5)
Short term securities acquired (18.3) (38.6) (97.2)
Short term securities redeemed 18.6 40.8 86.2
Asset dispositions 493.3 37.6 45.9
Asset acquisitions (Note 4) (217.9) (127.1) (99.8)
Other transactions (138.8) (2.3) 32.4
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total cash flows from investing activities (701.5) (788.6) (650.0)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Short term debt incurred 447.4 298.8 195.5
Short term debt paid (98.8) (150.5) (606.6)
Long term debt incurred 325.4 39.2 312.4
Long term debt paid (193.4) (217.7) (35.2)
Common stock issued 38.8 81.1 86.8
Common stock acquired (85.2) (78.4) --
Dividends paid (187.9) (178.3) (159.7)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total cash flows from financing activities 246.3 (205.8) (206.8)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and
Cash Equivalents (3.5) (37.9) (29.6)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents (19.6) 20.1 (29.8)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning
of the Period 258.6 238.5 268.3
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of
the Period $ 239.0 $ 258.6 $ 238.5
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial statement.
47
50
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1: ACCOUNTING POLICIES
A summary of the significant accounting policies used in the preparation of
the accompanying financial statements follows:
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all
majority-owned subsidiaries in which no substantive participating rights are
held by minority shareholders. All significant intercompany transactions have
been eliminated.
The Company's investments in majority-owned subsidiaries in which
substantive participating rights are held by minority shareholders and in 20% to
50% owned companies in which it has the ability to exercise significant
influence over operating and financial policies are accounted for using the
equity method. Accordingly, the Company's share of the earnings of these
companies is included in consolidated net income. Investments in other companies
are carried at cost.
Revenue Recognition
Substantially all revenues are recognized when finished products are
shipped to unaffiliated customers or services have been rendered, with
appropriate provision for uncollectible accounts.
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and in the bank as well as
all short term securities held for the primary purpose of general liquidity.
Such securities normally mature within three months from the date of
acquisition. Cash flows associated with items intended as hedges of identifiable
transactions or events are classified in the same category as the cash flows
from the items being hedged.
Inventory Pricing
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined
using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method for a significant portion of domestic
inventories and the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method or average cost method for
other inventories. Refer to Note 7.
Properties and Plants
Properties and plants are stated at cost, with the exception of the All
American Pipeline System and related assets, which are stated at fair value at
December 31, 1997. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method.
Accelerated depreciation is used for income tax purposes, where permitted. Refer
to Note 8.
Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative financial instrument contracts are utilized by the Company to
manage interest rate and foreign exchange risks. The Company has established a
control environment that includes policies and procedures for risk assessment
and the approval, reporting and monitoring of derivative financial instrument
activities. Company policy prohibits holding or issuing derivative financial
instruments for trading purposes.
To qualify for hedge accounting, the contracts must meet defined
correlation and effectiveness criteria, be designated as hedges and result in
cash flows and financial statement effects which substantially offset those of
the position being hedged. Amounts receivable or payable under derivative
financial instrument contracts, when recognized are reported on the Consolidated
Balance Sheet as both current and long term receivables or liabilities.
Interest Rate Contracts -- The differentials to be received or paid are
recognized in income over the life of the contracts as adjustments to Interest
Expense.
Foreign Exchange Contracts -- As exchange rates change, gains and losses on
contracts designated as hedges of existing assets and liabilities are recognized
in income as Foreign Currency Exchange, while gains and losses on contracts
designated as hedges of net investments in foreign subsidiaries are recognized
in Shareholders' Equity as Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. Gains and
losses on contracts designated as hedges of identifiable foreign currency firm
commitments are not recognized until included in the measurement of the related
foreign currency transaction.
Gains and losses on terminations of hedge contracts are recognized as Other
Expense when terminated in conjunction with the termination of the hedged
position, or to the extent that such position remains outstanding, deferred as
Prepaid Expenses or Deferred Charges and amortized to Interest Expense or
Foreign Currency Exchange over the remaining life of that position. Derivative
financial instruments that the Company temporarily continues to hold after the
early termination of a hedged position, or that otherwise no longer qualify for
hedge accounting, are marked-to-market, with gains and losses recognized in
income as Other Expense. Refer to Note 9.
48
51
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
Stock-Based Compensation
Compensation cost for stock options is measured as the excess, if any, of
the quoted market price of the Company's common stock at the date of the grant
over the amount an employee must pay to acquire the stock. Compensation cost for
stock appreciation rights and performance units is recorded based on the quoted
market price of the Company's stock at the end of the reporting period. Refer to
Note 11.
Advertising Costs
Costs incurred for producing and communicating advertising are generally
expensed when incurred. Costs incurred under the Company's domestic cooperative
advertising program with dealers and franchisees are recorded subsequent to the
first time the advertising takes place, as related revenues are recognized.
Refer to Note 16.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are recognized during the year in which transactions enter
into the determination of financial statement income, with deferred taxes being
provided for temporary differences between amounts of assets and liabilities for
financial reporting purposes and such amounts as measured by tax laws. Refer to
Note 17.
Environmental Cleanup Matters
The Company expenses environmental expenditures related to existing
conditions resulting from past or current operations and from which no current
or future benefit is discernible. Expenditures that extend the life of the
related property or mitigate or prevent future environmental contamination are
capitalized. The Company determines its liability on a site by site basis and
records a liability at the time when it is probable and can be reasonably
estimated. The Company's estimated liability is reduced to reflect the
anticipated participation of other potentially responsible parties in those
instances where it is probable that such parties are legally responsible and
financially capable of paying their respective shares of the relevant costs. The
estimated liability of the Company is not discounted or reduced for possible
recoveries from insurance carriers. Refer to Note 20.
Foreign Currency Translation
Financial statements of international subsidiaries are translated into U.S.
dollars using the exchange rate at each balance sheet date for assets and
liabilities and a weighted-average exchange rate for each period for revenues,
expenses, gains and losses. Where the local currency is the functional currency,
translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of Shareholders'
Equity. Where the U.S. dollar is the functional currency, translation
adjustments are recorded in income.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial
statements and related notes to financial statements. Changes in such estimates
may affect amounts reported in future periods.
Per Share of Common Stock
Basic earnings per share have been computed based on the average number of
common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflects the dilutive
impact of outstanding stock options, computed using the treasury stock method,
and performance units. All earnings per share amounts in these notes to
financial statements are diluted earnings per share, unless otherwise noted.
Refer to Note 11.
Reclassification
Certain items previously reported in specific financial statement captions
have been reclassified to conform to the 1998 presentation.
49
52
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
NOTE 2: RATIONALIZATIONS
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
----------------------------------------------------
Rationalizations
and other provisions $ (29.7) $265.2 $148.5
Asset sales (123.8) -- (32.1)
------- ------ ------
$(153.5) $265.2 $116.4
1998
Rationalizations and other provisions -- The Company recorded a benefit
totaling $22 million ($14.7 million after tax or $.09 per share) in the second
quarter resulting from the favorable settlement of obligations related to the
Company's withdrawal of support for the worldwide Formula 1 racing series.
Additionally, the Company reversed certain reserves totaling $7.7 million ($4.9
million after tax or $.03 per share) related to plant downsizing and closure
activities in North America, due to a change in the 1997 rationalization plan.
Asset sales -- The Company recorded gains totaling $123.8 million ($76.4
million after tax or $.48 per share) on the disposition of a latex processing
facility in Georgia, six distribution facilities in North America and certain
other real estate.
1997
Rationalizations and other provisions -- As a result of continued
competitive conditions in the markets served by the Company, a number of
rationalization actions were approved in 1997 to reduce costs and focus on core
businesses. These actions, the timing of which resulted in part from the
finalization of labor contract negotiations in the United States, included the
optimization, downsizing or consolidation of certain production facilities,
consolidation of distribution operations and withdrawal of support from the
worldwide Formula 1 racing series. In connection with these actions, obligations
under certain leases and other contracts were accrued, other assets were written
off and over 3,000 associates have been or will be released. A charge of $265.2
million ($176.3 million after tax or $1.12 per share) was recorded, of which
$52.5 million related to non-cash writeoffs and $212.7 million related to future
cash outflows, primarily for associate severance costs. The remaining balance of
these provisions totaled $88.2 million and $201.9 million at December 31, 1998
and 1997, respectively.
The Company recorded a charge of $146.1 million for the release of more
than 3,000 associates around the world. Of this amount, $31.7 million, resulting
from related pension curtailments, was recorded as a pension liability.
Approximately 60 percent of the associates to be released under the plan are or
were hourly associates at manufacturing and distribution locations, primarily in
the United States. The balance of the associates to be released relates to
salaried associates in various managerial, sales, supervisory and staff
positions scheduled for elimination under the plan, primarily at operations in
Europe and the United States. At December 31, 1997, approximately 450
associates, primarily salaried associates in Europe, had been released at a
total cost of $25.3 million. During 1998, approximately 1,200 associates,
primarily hourly associates, were released at a cost of approximately $30
million. The Company plans to release approximately 1,400 more associates,
employed primarily at manufacturing and distribution operations in North
America, and had reserved $59.3 million for that cost at December 31, 1998.
Optimization, downsizing, consolidation and withdrawal costs, other than
associate-related costs, were recorded, and were incurred through December 31,
1998 as follows:
(In millions) Recorded Incurred
----------------------------------------------------------
Withdrawal of support for the Formula 1
racing series $ 63.4 $43.2
Plant downsizing and closure activities 23.0 3.5
Kelly-Springfield consolidation 12.9 .3
Consolidation of North American
distribution facilities 12.3 7.6
Commercial tire outlet consolidation 4.7 3.1
Production realignments 2.8 2.8
------ -----
$119.1 $60.5
Withdrawal costs associated with Formula 1 racing resulted from the
fulfillment of contracts with various racing teams, the writeoff of equipment
and other assets no longer needed and estimated operating costs for the 1998
racing season. Plant downsizing and closure activities relate to four production
facilities in the United States. Costs associated with downsizing and closure
were for the writeoff of buildings and equipment and for lease cancellation
costs. The Kelly-Springfield consolidation involves the integration of the
Kelly-Springfield tire division located in Cumberland, Maryland, into the
Company's Akron, Ohio, world headquarters, the cost of which relates to
noncancellable leases and the writeoff of equipment. The consolidation of
distribution facilities in North America from 40 to 18 resulted in lease
cancellation costs associated with the anticipated closure of these facilities.
The commercial tire outlet consolidation involves the writeoff of equipment and
lease cancellation costs relating to the planned closing of approximately 30
locations. The cost associated with production realignments involves the
writeoff of equipment due to consolidation of production. At December 31, 1998
and 1997, the remaining balance of
50
53
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
these provisions totaled $28.9 million and $112.8 million, respectively. During
1998, approximately $54.2 million was charged to the reserve and $29.7 million
was reversed ($22 million in respect of withdrawal of support for Formula 1
racing and $7.7 million for plant downsizing and closure activities that were
changed). The Company expects that the major portion of the actions will be c
ompleted during 1999 with the balance to be completed in 2000.
1996
Rationalizations and other provisions -- As part of a rationalization plan
the Company recorded charges totaling $148.5 million ($95.3 million after tax or
$.61 per share) related to worldwide workforce reductions, consolidation of
operations and the closing of manufacturing facilities. The remaining balance of
these provisions totaled $9.1 million and $49.6 million at December 31, 1998 and
1997, respectively.
The Company recorded $113.3 million for the release of approximately 2,800
associates around the world. Approximately 50 percent of the associates to be
released in accordance with the plan are or were hourly associates at
manufacturing and warehouse locations, primarily in Latin America and the United
States. The balance of the associates to be released relates to salaried
associates in various managerial, sales, supervisory and staff positions planned
to be eliminated primarily at locations in Europe and the United States. At
December 31, 1997, approximately 2,300 associates, primarily hourly associates
in the United States, Latin America and Europe, had been released at a cost of
approximately $85.8 million. During 1998, approximately 150 associates,
primarily salaried associates in the United States, were released at a cost of
$13.1 million. As a result of higher than expected retirements, in 1998 the
Company reduced the number of associates it expected to release under the 1996
program by 270 and reduced the 1996 reserve by approximately $8.7 million. A
comparable amount was recorded as part of the Company's 1997 rationalization
program related to personnel reductions. The Company plans to release
approximately 120 associates whose positions will be eliminated under the 1996
plan and had $5.7 million reserved at December 31, 1998 for that cost. These are
primarily hourly associates employed at distribution and manufacturing
operations in the United States scheduled for closure or consolidation.
Rationalization costs, other than associate-related costs, were recorded,
and were incurred through December 31, 1998, as follows:
(In millions) Recorded Incurred
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Discontinuance of PVC production $10.6 $10.6
Canadian retail store closures 9.0 5.9
International production rationalization 8.5 7.7
North American Tire production
rationalization 7.1 7.6
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$35.2 $31.8
The costs related to discontinuing the production of polyvinylchloride
(PVC) at the Niagara Falls chemical manufacturing facility was for the writeoff
of equipment. The costs relating to the closure of certain Canadian retail
stores relate primarily to noncancellable leases. Production rationalization
plans at international locations, primarily the closure of the Greece tire
manufacturing facility, relate to the writeoff and disposal of equipment. The
North American Tire business unit rationalized production at various tire plants
in the United States. The costs recorded and incurred related primarily to the
writeoff of equipment and noncancellable leases. The remaining balance of these
provisions at December 31, 1998 and 1997 totaled $3.4 million and $22.1 million,
respectively and, at December 31, 1998, related primarily to lease cancellation
costs from the Canadian retail store closings. The Company expects to
substantially complete these plans in 1999.
Asset sales -- The Company recorded net gains totaling $32.1 million ($21.6
million after tax or $.14 per share) related to the sale of business property in
Asia, a portion of an investment in an Asian plantation and the loss on the
anticipated sale of a U.S. manufacturing facility.
51
54
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
NOTE 3: DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
On July 30, 1998, the Company sold substantially all of the assets and
liabilities of its oil transportation business to Plains All American Inc., a
subsidiary of Plains Resources Inc. Proceeds from the sale were $422.3 million,
which included distributions to the Company prior to closing of $25.1 million.
The principal assets of the oil transportation business included the All
American Pipeline System, a heated crude oil pipeline system consisting of a
1,225 mile mainline segment extending from Las Flores and Gaviota, California,
to McCamey, Texas, a crude oil gathering system located in California's San
Joaquin Valley and related terminal and storage facilities.
The transaction has been accounted for as a sale of discontinued
operations, and accordingly, the accompanying financial information has been
restated where required.
Operating results and the loss on sale of discontinued operations follow:
(In millions, except per share) 1998 1997 1996
------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Sales $ 22.4 $ 89.8 $ 127.1
Income (Loss) before Income Taxes $ 12.9 $ 56.7 $(689.2)
United States Taxes on Income 4.7 20.4 (232.4)
------------------------------------------------------------------
Income (Loss) from Discontinued
Operations 8.2 36.3 (456.8)
Loss on Sale of Discontinued
Operations, including income
from operations during the
disposal period (3/21/98-7/30/98)
of $10.0 (net of tax of $24.1) (42.9) -- --
------------------------------------------------------------------
Discontinued Operations $(34.7) $ 36.3 $(456.8)
Income (Loss) Per Share -- Basic:
Income (Loss) from Discontinued
Operations $ .05 $ .24 $ (2.94)
Loss on Sale of Discontinued
Operations (.27) -- --
------------------------------------------------------------------
Discontinued Operations $ (.22) $ .24 $ (2.94)
Income (Loss) Per Share -- Diluted:
Income (Loss) from Discontinued
Operations $ .05 $ .23 $ (2.91)
Loss on Sale of Discontinued
Operations (.27) -- --
------------------------------------------------------------------
Discontinued Operations $ (.22) $ .23 $ (2.91)
In December 1996, industry developments occurred indicating that the
quantities of offshore California, onshore California and Alaska North Slope
crude oil expected to be tendered in the future to the All American Pipeline
System and related assets (the System) for transportation would be below prior
estimates and that volumes of crude oil expected to be tendered to the System
for transportation to markets outside of California in the future would be
significantly lower than previously anticipated. As a result management
determined that the future cash flows expected to be generated by the System
would be less than its carrying value. In accordance with Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived
Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of", the Company reduced the
carrying value of the System to $420 million, determined using the present value
of expected future cash flows from the System, and recorded a charge of $755.6
million ($499.3 million after tax or $3.18 per share).
NOTE 4: STRATEGIC ALLIANCE AND NONCASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Strategic Alliance
On February 3, 1999, the Company signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU)
with Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. (SRI), under which the Company and SRI
would enter into a strategic alliance for the manufacture and sale of tires. The
MOU provides for the creation of jointly held tire companies in Europe, North
America and Japan, jointly held companies for global technology exchange and for
global purchasing, and the investment by the Company and SRI in the common stock
of the other. Definitive agreements are expected to be signed later this year.
Under the terms of the MOU, the Company would acquire 75% ownership of the
tire company in Europe, which would hold substantially all of each party's tire
manufacturing and sales operations in that region. The Company's businesses in
Poland, Slovenia, South Africa, Turkey and Morocco (all of which are managed as
part of the Company's European tire business unit) would not be a part of the
European tire company. The Company would also acquire 75% ownership of the tire
company in North America, which would hold substantially all of SRI's tire
manufacturing operations in North America and certain of SRI's sales and
distribution operations in that region. The remainder of SRI's North American
sales and distribution operations would be acquired in their entirety by the
Company.
52
55
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
In addition, the Company would acquire 25% ownership of each of two tire
companies in Japan, one of which would be responsible for the sale and
distribution of most tires under the Company's trademarks in the Japanese
replacement market, and the other of which would be responsible for the sale and
distribution of most tires under both the Company's and SRI's trademarks to
original equipment manufacturers in Japan. The Japanese replacement tire company
would hold the assets of the Company's replacement tire business in Japan. The
Company would also acquire 51% ownership of the global technology company and
80% ownership of the global purchasing company.
The terms of the agreement provide for a cash payment by the Company to SRI
totaling $936 million associated with the formation of the European and North
American tire companies. The transaction would be accounted for by the Company
as a purchase of 75% of SRI's businesses to be held by the European and North
American companies, a sale of 25% of the Company's businesses to be held by the
European tire company and a sale of 75% of the Company's businesses to be held
by the Japanese tire companies. All, or a substantial portion of, the cash
payment by the Company is expected to be financed by the issuance of debt in
1999.
In addition to the companies formed under the alliance, the Company would
acquire 10% of the outstanding equity of SRI, and SRI would acquire common stock
of the Company having an equivalent market value. The Company expects to issue
shares of its common stock to SRI out of treasury.
Noncash Investing Activities
During 1998, the Company acquired a majority ownership interest in an
Indian tire manufacturer and assumed $103 million of debt. In 1997, the Company
acquired a 60% equity interest in a South African tire and industrial rubber
products business and assumed $29 million of debt. In 1996, the Company
increased its ownership of a Polish tire manufacturer from 32.7% to 50.8% by
purchasing original issue shares of this tire manufacturer. This investment,
which had been accounted for using the equity method, is now accounted for as a
consolidated subsidiary. Information in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
is presented net of the effects of these transactions.
NOTE 5: OTHER EXPENSE
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest income $ (12.8) $(23.0) $(28.5)
Financing fees and financial
instruments 43.1 41.4 39.7
Lawsuit settlement 15.9 -- --
Miscellaneous .2 6.1 11.4
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$46.4 $ 24.5 $ 22.6
Interest income consists of amounts earned on deposits, primarily from
funds invested in time deposits in Latin America and Europe, pending remittance
or reinvestment in the region. At December 31, 1998, $112.5 million or 45.1% of
the Company's cash, cash equivalents and short term securities were concentrated
in Latin America, primarily Brazil ($122.0 million or 45.2% at December 31,
1997) and $35.1 million or 14.1% were concentrated in Asia ($33.1 million or
12.2% at December 31, 1997). Dividends received by the Company and domestic
subsidiaries from its consolidated international operations for 1998, 1997 and
1996 were $215.9 million, $323.3 million and $158.7 million, respectively.
Financing fees and financial instruments consists primarily of fees paid
under the Company's domestic accounts receivable continuous sale programs. Refer
to Note 6.
In 1998, the Company recorded a charge of $15.9 million ($10.4 million
after tax or $.07 per share) for the settlement of several related lawsuits
involving employment matters in Latin America.
53
56
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
NOTE 6: ACCOUNTS AND NOTES RECEIVABLE
(In millions) 1998 1997
------------------------------------------------------
Accounts and notes receivable $1,825.6 $1,783.1
Allowance for doubtful accounts (54.9) (49.5)
------------------------------------------------------
$1,770.7 $1,733.6
Throughout the year, the Company sold certain domestic accounts receivable
under a continuous sale program. Under the program, undivided interests in
designated receivable pools were sold to the purchaser with recourse limited to
the receivables purchased. At December 31, 1998 and 1997, the level of net
proceeds from sales under the program was $550 million. The balance of the
uncollected portion of receivables sold under that and other agreements was
$581.6 million at December 31, 1998 and $576.2 million at December 31, 1997.
Fees paid by the Company under these agreements are based on certain variable
market rate indices and are recorded as Other Expense.
NOTE 7: INVENTORIES
(In millions) 1998 1997
------------------------------------------------------
Raw materials $ 369.9 $ 307.0
Work in process 87.5 87.1
Finished product 1,707.1 1,441.1
------------------------------------------------------
$2,164.5 $1,835.2
The cost of inventories using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method
(approximately 39.7% of consolidated inventories in 1998 and 37.6% in 1997) was
less than the approximate current cost of inventories by $322.4 million at
December 31, 1998 and $380.3 million at December 31, 1997.
NOTE 8:PROPERTIES AND PLANTS
1998 1997
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Capital Capital
(In millions) Owned Leases Total Owned Leases Total
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Properties and plants, at cost:
Land and improvements $ 301.2 $ 3.7 $ 304.9 $ 293.1 $ 3.7 $ 296.8
Buildings and improvements 1,436.0 31.3 1,467.3 1,347.5 33.4 1,380.9
Machinery and equipment 7,211.0 49.0 7,260.0 6,442.4 49.8 6,492.2
Pipeline -- -- -- 504.3 -- 504.3
Construction in progress 720.9 -- 720.9 559.8 -- 559.8
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9,669.1 84.0 9,753.1 9,147.1 86.9 9,234.0
Accumulated depreciation (5,325.5) (69.1) (5,394.6) (5,013.8) (70.5) (5,084.3)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$4,343.6 $14.9 $4,358.5 $ 4,133.3 $ 16.4 $ 4,149.7
The weighted average useful lives of property used in arriving at the
annual amount of depreciation provided are as follows: buildings and
improvements, 18 years; machinery and equipment, 11 years.
The All American Pipeline System and related assets were sold during 1998.
Refer to Note 3.
54
57
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
NOTE 9: FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS AND DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Short Term Debt and Financing Arrangements
At December 31, 1998, the Company had short term uncommitted credit
arrangements totaling $1.4 billion, of which $.4 billion were unused. These
arrangements are available to the Company or certain of its international
subsidiaries through various international banks at quoted market interest
rates. There are no commitment fees or compensating balances associated with
these arrangements. In addition, the Company maintains a commercial paper
program, whereunder the Company may have up to $550 million outstanding at any
one time. No commercial paper was outstanding at December 31, 1998.
Two short term credit facility agreements are available whereunder the
Company may from time to time borrow and have outstanding until December 31,
1999 up to U.S. $90 million at any one time with international banks. Under the
terms of the agreements, the Company may repay U.S. dollar borrowings in either
U.S. dollars or a predetermined equivalent amount of certain available European
or Asian currencies. Borrowings are discounted at rates equivalent to an average
of 20.3 basis points over a three-month reserve adjusted LIBOR. A commitment fee
of an average 4.4 basis points is paid on the $90 million commitment (whether or
not borrowed). There were no borrowings outstanding under these agreements at
December 31, 1998. The average amount outstanding under a similar agreement
during 1998 was $38.4 million.
The Company had outstanding short term debt amounting to $964.3 million at
December 31, 1998. Domestic short term debt represented $485.6 million of this
total with a weighted average interest rate of 5.10% at December 31, 1998. The
remaining $478.7 million was short term debt of international subsidiaries with
a weighted average interest rate of 7.31% at December 31, 1998. Of these debt
obligations, which by their terms are due within one year, $201.0 million were
classified as long term at December 31, 1998. Such obligations are supported by
the availability under the revolving credit agreements discussed on the
following page, and it is the Company's intent to maintain them as long term.
Long Term Debt and Financing Arrangements
At December 31, 1998, the Company had long term credit arrangements
totaling $2.0 billion, of which $1.0 billion were unused.
The following table presents long term debt at December 31:
(In millions) 1998 1997
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Swiss franc bonds:
5.375% due 2000 $ 122.3 $115.2
5.375% due 2006 115.3 108.6
Notes:
6 5/8% due 2006 249.2 249.1
6 3/8% due 2008 99.6 --
7% due 2028 148.9 --
Bank term loans due 2000-2005 130.5 182.2
Other domestic and international debt 335.4 243.6
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1,201.2 898.7
Capital lease obligations 11.3 12.3
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1,212.5 911.0
Less portion due within one year 26.0 66.5
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$1,186.5 $844.5
At December 31, 1998, the fair value of the Company's long term fixed rate
debt amounted to $938.6 million, compared to its carrying amount of $879.2
million ($595.8 million and $571.3 million, respectively, at December 31, 1997).
The difference was attributable primarily to the long term public bonds in 1998
and the Swiss franc bonds in 1997. The fair value was estimated using quoted
market prices or discounted future cash flows. The fair value of the Company's
variable rate debt approximated its carrying amount at December 31, 1998 and
1997.
The Swiss franc bonds were hedged by foreign exchange contracts at
December 31, 1998 and 1997, as discussed below.
The Notes have an aggregate face amount of $500.0 million and are reported
net of unamortized discount aggregating $2.3 million.
The bank term loans due 2000 through 2005 are comprised of $80.5 million of
fixed rate agreements bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 6.51% and a
$50 million agreement bearing interest at floating rates based upon LIBOR minus
a fixed spread. Two of the fixed rate agreements totaling $80 million allow the
banks to convert the loans to a variable rate prior to maturity. The $50 million
floating rate agreement allows the bank to terminate the loan in 2000 or convert
the loan to a fixed interest rate of 5.95% at annual dates prior to maturity in
2005.
55
58
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
The Company is a party to two revolving credit facility agreements, each
with 23 domestic and international banks, consisting of a $700 million five year
revolving credit facility and a $300 million 364-day revolving credit facility.
The $700 million facility provides that the Company may borrow at any time until
July 13, 2003, when the commitment terminates and any outstanding loans mature.
The Company pays a commitment fee ranging from 7.5 to 15 basis points on the
entire amount of the commitment (whether or not borrowed) and a usage fee on
amounts borrowed (other than on a competitive bid or prime rate basis) ranging
from 15 to 30 basis points. These fees may fluctuate within these ranges
quarterly based upon the Company's performance as measured by defined ranges of
leverage. During 1998 commitment and usage fees were 10 and 20 basis points,
respectively. The $300 million 364-day credit facility agreement provides that
the Company may borrow until July 12, 1999, on which date the facility
commitment terminates, except as it may be extended on a bank by bank basis. If
a bank does not extend its commitment if requested to do so, the Company may
obtain from such bank a two year term loan up to the amount of such bank's
commitment. The Company pays a commitment fee of 8 basis points on the entire
amount of the commitment (whether or not borrowed) and a usage fee of 22 basis
points on amounts borrowed (other than on a competitive bid or prime rate
basis). Under both the five year and the 364-day facilities, the Company may
obtain loans bearing interest at reserve adjusted LIBOR or a defined certificate
of deposit rate, plus in each case the applicable usage fee. In addition, the
Company may obtain loans based on the prime rate or at a rate determined on a
competitive bid basis. The facility agreements each contain certain covenants
which, among other things, require the Company to maintain at the end of each
fiscal quarter a minimum consolidated net worth and a defined minimum interest
coverage ratio. In addition, the facility agreements establish a limit on the
aggregate amount of consolidated debt the Company and its subsidiaries may
incur. There were no borrowings outstanding under these agreements at December
31, 1998.
Other domestic and international debt consisted of the previously mentioned
reclassified short term bank borrowings and fixed and floating rate bank loans
denominated in U.S. dollars and other currencies and maturing in 1999-2009. The
weighted average interest rate in effect under the bank term loans was 8.98% at
December 31, 1998.
The annual aggregate maturities of long term debt and capital leases for
the five years subsequent to 1998 are presented below. Maturities of debt
supported by the availability of the revolving credit agreements have been
reported on the basis that the commitments to lend under these agreements will
be terminated effective at the end of their current terms.
(In millions) 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Debt incurred under
or supported by
revolving credit
agreements $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $201.0
Other 26.0 205.2 81.2 15.3 4.9
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$26.0 $205.2 $81.2 $15.3 $205.9
Refer to Note 6, Accounts and Notes Receivable for additional information
on financing arrangements. Refer to Note 10, Leased Assets for additional
information on capital lease obligations.
Derivative Financial Instruments
Interest Rate Contracts
The Company actively manages its fixed and floating rate debt mix, within
defined limitations, using refinancings and unleveraged interest rate swaps. The
Company will enter into fixed and floating interest rate swaps to alter its
exposure to the impact of changing interest rates on consolidated results of
operations and future cash outflows for interest. Fixed rate swaps are used to
reduce the Company's risk of increased interest costs during periods of rising
interest rates. Floating rate swaps are used to convert the fixed rates of long
term borrowings into short term variable rates. Interest rate swap contracts are
thus used by the Company to separate interest rate risk management from the debt
funding decision. At December 31, 1998, the interest rate on 55% of the
Company's debt was fixed by either the nature of the obligation or through the
interest rate contracts, compared to 62% at December 31, 1997.
56
59
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
Contract information and weighted average interest rates follow. Current
market pricing models were used to estimate the fair values of interest rate
swap contracts.
Dec. 31, Dec. 31,
(Dollars in millions) 1997 Matured 1998
----------------------------------------------------------
Fixed rate swap contracts:
Notional principal amount $150.0 $50.0 $100.0
Pay fixed rate 7.16% 9.15% 6.17%
Receive variable LIBOR 5.80 5.81 5.24
Average years to maturity 2.15 2.12
Fair value:(unfavorable) $ (.8) $ (2.2)
Carrying amount: (liability) (.5) (.1)
----------------------------------------------------------
Weighted average information during the years 1998, 1997 and 1996 follows:
(Dollars in millions) 1998 1997 1996
---------------------------------------------------
Fixed rate contracts:
Notional principal $111 $191 $244
Receive variable LIBOR 5.70% 5.74% 5.66%
Pay fixed rate 6.40 7.46 8.85
Floating rate contracts:
Notional principal -- $ 66 $144
Receive fixed rate -- 6.24% 6.41%
Pay variable LIBOR -- 5.63 5.52
---------------------------------------------------
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts
In order to reduce the impact of changes in foreign exchange rates on
consolidated results of operations and future foreign currency denominated cash
flows, the Company was a party to various forward exchange contracts at
December 31, 1998 and 1997. These contracts reduce exposure to currency
movements affecting existing foreign currency denominated assets, liabilities
and firm commitments resulting primarily from trade receivables and payables,
equipment acquisitions, intercompany loans and the Company's Swiss franc debt
(including the annual coupon payments). The carrying amounts of these contracts
(excluding the Swiss franc contracts) totaled $2.1 million at December 31, 1998
and was recorded in Other Current Liabilities. At December 31, 1997, the
carrying amount was $2.5 million and was recorded in Accounts and Notes
Receivable. The carrying amounts of the Swiss franc contracts totaled $89.8
million at December 31, 1998 and $76.0 million at December 31, 1997 and were
recorded in Long Term Accounts and Notes Receivable.
A summary of forward exchange contracts in place at December 31 follows.
Current market pricing models were used to estimate the fair values of foreign
currency forward contracts. The contract maturities match the maturities of the
currency positions. The fair value of these contracts and the related currency
positions are subject to offsetting market risk resulting from foreign currency
exchange rate volatility.
1998 1997
-------------------------------
Fair Contract Fair Contract
(In millions) Value Amount Value Amount
---------------------------------------------------------------
Buy currency:
Swiss franc $236.0 $151.0 $218.2 $151.0
U.S. dollar 82.2 82.9 61.4 60.7
German mark .8 .8 96.4 96.4
British pound 38.6 38.8 16.6 16.6
All other 23.3 22.0 27.7 28.5
----------------------------------------------------------------
$380.9 $295.5 $420.3 $353.2
Contract maturity:
Swiss franc 10/00 - 3/06 10/00 - 3/06
All other 1/99 - 3/00 1/98 - 12/98
----------------------------------------------------------------
Sell currency:
Belgian franc $189.8 $186.3 $212.4 $215.3
German mark 11.4 11.4 121.6 121.6
French franc 65.7 65.9 -- --
British pound -- -- 30.9 30.8
All other 37.6 37.8 82.9 84.0
----------------------------------------------------------------
$304.5 $301.4 $447.8 $451.7
Contract maturity 1/99 - 6/99 1/98 - 12/98
----------------------------------------------------------------
The counterparties to the Company's interest rate swap and foreign exchange
contracts were substantial and creditworthy multinational commercial banks or
other financial institutions which are recognized market makers. Neither the
risks of counterparty nonperformance nor the economic consequences of
counterparty nonperformance associated with these contracts were considered by
the Company to be material.
57
60
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
NOTE 10: LEASED ASSETS
Net rental expense charged to income follows:
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross rental expense $226.3 $244.3 $256.4
Sublease rental income (51.6) (53.5) (49.6)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$174.7 $190.8 $206.8
The Company enters into capital and operating leases primarily for its
vehicles, data processing equipment and its wholesale and retail distribution
facilities under varying terms and conditions, including the Company's sublease
of some of its domestic retail distribution network to independent dealers. Many
of the leases provide that the Company will pay taxes assessed against leased
property and the cost of insurance and maintenance.
While substantially all subleases and some operating leases are cancelable
for periods beyond 1999, management expects that in the normal course of its
business nearly all of its independent dealer distribution network will be
actively operated. As leases and subleases for existing locations expire, the
Company would normally expect to renew the leases or substitute another more
favorable retail location.
Estimated minimum future lease payments, net of anticipated sublease
revenue, follow:
Capital Operating Sublease
(In millions) Leases Leases Revenue
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 $ 2.1 $158.7 $ 39.1
2000 2.1 132.0 31.1
2001 2.7 103.5 23.0
2002 1.9 69.0 16.4
2003 1.9 56.1 11.0
2004 and thereafter 8.1 192.8 19.8
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$18.8 $712.1 $140.4
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Present value of net
minimum lease payments $10.6 $568.6
Note 11: STOCK COMPENSATION PLANS
The Company's 1989 Goodyear Performance and Equity Incentive Plan and the
1997 Performance Incentive Plan of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company provide
for the granting of stock options and stock appreciation rights (SARs). For
options granted in tandem with SARs, the exercise of a SAR cancels the stock
option; conversely, the exercise of the stock option cancels the SAR. The 1989
Plan terminated on April 14, 1997, except with respect to grants and awards then
outstanding.
The 1997 Plan authorizes, and the 1989 Plan authorized, the Company to
grant from time to time to officers and other key employees of the Company and
subsidiaries restricted stock, performance grants and other stock-based awards
authorized by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, which
administers the 1997 Plan. The 1997 Plan will expire by its terms on
December 31, 2001, except with respect to grants and awards then outstanding.
Stock options and related SARs granted during 1998 generally have a maximum
term of ten years and vest pro rata over four years. Performance units granted
during 1998 are based on cumulative net income per share of the Company's Common
Stock over a three year performance period ending December 31, 2001. To the
extent earned, a portion of the performance units will generally be paid in cash
(subject to deferral under certain circumstances) and a portion may be
automatically deferred for at least five years in the form of units, each
equivalent to a share of the Company's Common Stock and payable in cash, shares
of the Company's Common Stock or a combination thereof at the election of the
participant. A maximum of 15,000,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock are
available for issuance pursuant to grants and awards made under the 1997 Plan
through December 31, 2001.
58
61
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
Stock-based compensation activity for the years 1998, 1997 and 1996
follows:
1998 1997 1996
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shares SARs Shares SARs Shares SARs
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at January 1 8,226,144 1,190,248 8,277,689 1,052,799 7,327,626 793,371
Options granted 2,204,021 434,487 1,919,325 375,967 3,388,041 538,780
Options without SARs exercised (754,246) -- (1,759,202) --- (2,212,106) --
Options with SARs exercised (115,202) (115,202) (189,805) (189,805) (189,359) (189,359)
SARs exercised (7,395) (7,395) (38,968) (38,968) (82,700) (82,700)
Options without SARs expired (53,283) -- (35,080) -- (25,113) --
Options with SARs expired (5,468) (5,468) (9,745) (9,745) (7,293) (7,293)
Performance units granted 100,474 -- 111,788 -- 148,650 --
Performance unit shares issued (8,629) -- (26,619) -- (43,753) --
Performance units cancelled (23,164) -- (23,239) -- (26,304) --
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at December 31 9,563,252 1,496,670 8,226,144 1,190,248 8,277,689 1,052,799
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exercisable at December 31 3,801,049 494,230 3,019,753 331,713 3,733,699 361,963
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Available for grant at December 31 10,755,666 13,008,945 1,055,957
Significant option groups outstanding at December 31, 1998 and related
weighted average price and life information follows:
Grant Date Options Outstanding Options Exercisable Exercisable Price Remaining Life (Years)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11/30/98 2,149,299 -- $57.25 10
12/02/97 1,871,625 491,076 63.50 9
12/03/96 1,596,054 794,428 50.00 8
1/09/96 1,280,489 594,664 44.00 7
1/04/95 834,752 539,787 34.75 6
All other 1,416,776 1,336,794 35.76 4
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The 1,416,776 options in the 'All other' category were outstanding at
exercise prices ranging from $11.25 to $74.25, with a weighted average exercise
price of $37.25. All options and SARs were granted at an exercise price equal to
the fair market value of the Company's common stock at the date of grant.
Weighted average option exercise price information for the years 1998, 1997
and 1996 follows:
1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at January 1 $46.86 $40.22 $33.96
Granted during the year 57.25 63.50 47.05
Exercised during the year 37.77 36.04 31.27
Outstanding at December 31 50.27 46.86 40.22
Exercisable at December 31 43.56 38.51 35.25
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Forfeitures and cancellations were insignificant.
Weighted average fair values at date of grant for grants in 1998, 1997 and
1996 follow:
1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Options $18.76 $22.03 $18.58
Performance units 57.25 63.50 47.02
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The above fair value of options at date of grant was estimated using the
Black-Scholes model with the following weighted average assumptions:
1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expected life (years) 5 5 5
Interest rate 4.51% 5.82% 5.69%
Volatility 26.9 25.6 33.6
Dividend yield 1.92 1.68 1.65
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The fair value of performance units at date of grant was equal to the
market value of the Company's common stock at that date.
59
62
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
Stock-based compensation costs reduced income as follows:
(In millions, except per share) 1998 1997 1996
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pretax income $5.0 $10.2 $6.8
Net income 3.1 6.1 4.1
Net income per share .02 .04 .03
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following table presents the pro forma reduction in income that would
have been recorded had the fair values of options granted in each year been
recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the four-year
vesting period of each grant. The pro forma effect on income in 1997 and 1996 is
not representative because it does not take into consideration grants made prior
to 1995.
(In millions, except per share) 1998 1997 1996
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Pretax income $26.7 $18.6 $12.5
Net income 22.5 15.9 10.7
Net income per share .14 .10 .07
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For purposes of diluted earnings per share, the incremental number of
average shares resulting from outstanding stock options, computed using the
treasury stock method, was 1,484,463 in 1998, 1,740,714 in 1997 and 1,475,611 in
1996. In addition, the incremental number of average shares resulting from
performance units was 252,273 in 1998, 203,708 in 1997 and 250,645 in 1996.
NOTE 12: POSTRETIREMENT HEALTH CARE AND LIFE INSURANCE BENEFITS
The Company and its subsidiaries provide substantially all domestic
associates and associates at certain international subsidiaries with health care
and life insurance benefits upon retirement. The life insurance and certain
health care benefits are provided by insurance companies through premiums based
on expected benefits to be paid during the year. Substantial portions of the
health care benefits for domestic retirees are not insured and are paid by the
Company. Benefit payments are funded from operations.
Net periodic benefit cost follows:
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Service cost -- benefits earned during the period $ 20.5 $ 22.0 $ 22.9
Interest cost 152.2 154.3 155.0
Amortization of unrecognized net losses 8.9 4.3 5.1
Amortization of prior service cost (3.9) (2.4) (.1)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$177.7 $178.2 $182.9
The following table sets forth changes in the accumulated benefit
obligation and amounts recognized on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet at
December 31, 1998 and 1997:
(In millions) 1998 1997
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accumulated benefit obligation:
Beginning balance $(2,081.9) $(2,078.9)
Service cost -- benefits earned (20.5) (22.0)
Interest cost (152.2) (154.3)
Plan amendments 8.3 48.5
Actuarial loss (115.1) (37.4)
Acquisitions -- (14.8)
Foreign currency translation 9.2 5.3
Curtailments .5 5.4
Associate contributions (1.7) (1.6)
Benefit payments 180.1 167.9
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ending balance (2,173.3) (2,081.9)
Unrecognized net loss 417.6 312.0
Unrecognized prior service cost (39.6) (38.7)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accrued benefit liability recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet $(1,795.3) $(1,808.6)
60
63
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
The following table presents significant assumptions used:
1998 1997 1996
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. International U.S. International U.S. International
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Discount rate 7.0% 7.6% 7.5% 8.8% 7.75% 7.4%
Rate of increase in
compensation levels 4.0 5.8 4.0 6.4 4.5 4.8
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A 7.75% annual rate of increase in the cost of health care benefits for
retirees under age 65 and a 5.5% annual rate of increase for retirees 65 years
and older is assumed in 1999. These rates gradually decrease to 5.0% in 2010 and
remain at that level thereafter. A 1% change in the assumed health care cost
trend would have increased (decreased) the accumulated benefit obligation at
December 31, 1998 and the aggregate service and interest cost for the year then
ended as follows:
(In millions) 1% Increase 1% Decrease
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accumulated benefit obligation $38.6 $(32.4)
Aggregate service and interest cost 5.3 (4.2)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE 13: PENSIONS
The Company and its subsidiaries provide substantially all associates with
pension benefits. The principal domestic hourly plan provides benefits based on
length of service. The principal domestic plans covering salaried associates
provide benefits based on final five-year average earnings formulas. Associates
making voluntary contributions to these plans receive higher benefits. Other
plans provide benefits similar to the principal domestic plans as well as
termination indemnity plans at certain international subsidiaries.
The Company's domestic funding practice since 1993 has been to fund amounts
in excess of the requirements of Federal laws and regulations. During the six
years ended December 31, 1998, the Company funded $772.8 million to its domestic
pension plans, which were fully funded at that date.
Net periodic pension cost follows:
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Service cost-- benefits earned during the period $ 104.4 $ 96.9 $ 92.4
Interest cost on projected benefit obligations 280.4 252.5 236.7
Expected return on plan assets (334.2) (275.5) (247.4)
Amortization of unrecognized:-- prior service cost 66.9 48.2 42.2
-- net losses 6.9 12.2 10.6
-- transition amount 1.2 .8 1.1
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$125.6 $ 135.1 $ 135.6
The Company recognized a settlement loss of $6.6 million during 1998.
During 1997, the Company recognized curtailment losses of $19.5 million as part
of a charge for rationalizations. Refer to Note 2.
The following table presents significant assumptions used:
1998 1997 1996
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. International U.S. International U.S. International
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Discount rate 7.0% 6.6% 7.5% 7.1% 7.75% 7.4%
Rate of increase in
compensation levels 4.0 3.8 4.0 4.5 4.5 4.1
Expected long term rate
of return on plan assets 9.5 8.7 9.5 9.2 9.0 9.0
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
61
64
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
The following table sets forth the funded status and amounts recognized on
the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 1998 and 1997. At the
end of 1998 and 1997, assets exceeded accumulated benefits in certain plans and
accumulated benefits exceeded assets in others. Plan assets are invested
primarily in common stocks and fixed income securities.
(In millions) 1998 1997
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Projected benefit obligation:
Beginning balance $(3,596.4) $(3,178.8)
Service cost-- benefits earned (104.4) (96.9)
Interest cost (280.4) (252.5)
Plan amendments (210.5) (108.6)
Actuarial loss (224.6) (190.1)
Associate contributions (21.8) (17.0)
Special termination benefits -- (9.8)
Acquisitions (.3) (25.1)
Curtailment/settlements 8.7 (.2)
Foreign currency translation 16.2 68.1
Benefit payments 258.7 214.5
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ending balance (4,154.8) (3,596.4)
Plan assets 3,931.2 3,567.3
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets (223.6) (29.1)
Unrecognized prior service cost 536.4 379.4
Unrecognized net (gain) loss 12.8 (24.2)
Unrecognized net obligation at transition 10.2 10.9
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net pension asset 335.8 337.0
Adjustment required to recognize minimum liability (52.9) (50.9)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net benefit cost recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet $ 282.9 $ 286.1
The following table presents amounts recognized on the Consolidated
Balance Sheet:
(In millions) 1998 1997
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Prepaid benefit cost -- current $ 85.2 $ 67.0
-- long term 462.7 462.5
Accrued benefit cost -- current (181.8) (163.8)
-- long term (136.1) (130.5)
Intangible asset 11.2 7.7
Deferred income taxes 15.5 15.1
Accumulated other comprehensive income 26.2 28.1
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net benefit cost recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheet $ 282.9 $ 286.1
The following table presents changes in plan assets:
(In millions) 1998 1997
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Beginning balance $ 3,567.3 $ 3,082.2
Actual return on plan assets 485.3 551.7
Company contributions 142.9 128.8
Associate contributions 21.8 17.0
Acquisitions -- 38.1
Settlements (7.5) (2.0)
Foreign currency translation (19.9) (34.0)
Benefit payments (258.7) (214.5)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ending balance $ 3,931.2 $ 3,567.3
For plans that are not fully funded:
(In millions) 1998 1997
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accumulated benefit obligation $ (290.2) $ (258.9)
Plan assets 67.9 60.8
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Certain international subsidiaries maintain unfunded plans consistent with
local practices and requirements and at December 31, 1998, these plans accounted
for $73.2 million of the Company's accumulated benefit obligation, $81.4 million
of its projected benefit obligation and $17.1 million of its minimum pension
liability adjustment ($71.6 million, $80.9 million and $23.0 million,
respectively, at December 31, 1997).
62
65
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
NOTE 14: SAVINGS PLAN
Substantially all domestic associates are eligible to participate in one of
the Company's six savings plans. Under these plans associates elect to
contribute a percentage of their pay. In 1998, most plans provided for the
Company's matching of these contributions (up to a maximum of 6% of the
associate's annual pay or, if less, $10,000) at the rate of 50%. Company
contributions were $42.8 million, $40.6 million and $38.0 million for 1998, 1997
and 1996, respectively.
NOTE 15: INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest expense includes interest and amortization of debt discount and
expense less amounts capitalized as follows:
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest expense before
capitalization $154.4 $ 125.7 $134.0
Less capitalized interest 6.6 6.2 5.4
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
$147.8 $ 119.5 $128.6
The Company made cash payments for interest in 1998, 1997 and 1996 of
$143.8 million, $131.7 million and $141.0 million, respectively.
NOTE 16: ADVERTISING COSTS
Advertising costs for 1998, 1997 and 1996 were $233.4 million, $244.1
million and $249.8 million, respectively.
NOTE 17: INCOME TAXES
The components of Income from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes,
adjusted for Minority Interest in Net Income of Subsidiaries, follow:
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. $ 407.7 $142.2 $120.2
Foreign 595.0 601.1 691.3
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
1,002.7 743.3 811.5
Minority Interest in Net
Income of Subsidiaries 31.5 44.6 43.1
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
$1,034.2 $787.9 $854.6
A reconciliation of Federal income taxes at the U.S. statutory rate to
income taxes provided follows:
(Dollars in millions) 1998 1997 1996
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. Federal income tax
at the statutory rate of 35% $362.0 $275.8 $299.1
Adjustment for foreign income
taxed at different rates (54.3) (31.3) (23.7)
Other (22.0) (23.6) (22.4)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
United States and Foreign
Taxes on Income $285.7 $220.9 $253.0
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Effective tax rate 27.6% 28.0% 29.6%
The components of the provision for income taxes by taxing jurisdiction
follow:
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Current:
Federal $(27.2) $ 23.0 $ (22.1)
Foreign income and
withholding taxes 161.0 212.6 230.4
State 7.0 .5 5.2
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
140.8 236.1 213.5
Deferred:
Federal 88.2 (20.6) 23.9
Foreign 46.6 7.4 20.3
State 10.1 (2.0) (4.7)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
144.9 (15.2) 39.5
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
United States and Foreign
Taxes on Income $285.7 $220.9 $253.0
Temporary differences and carryforwards which give rise to deferred tax
assets and liabilities at December 31, 1998 and 1997 follow:
(In millions) 1998 1997
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
Postretirement benefits other than pensions $ 712.8 $ 704.9
Rationalizations and other provisions 54.0 108.0
Accrued environmental liabilities 30.3 30.1
General and product liability 37.7 49.6
Alternative minimum tax credit
carryforwards 23.6 63.2
Foreign tax credit & operating loss
carryforwards 49.2 22.5
Workers' compensation 48.1 52.1
Vacation and sick pay 69.6 70.8
Other 69.1 34.6
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
1,094.4 1,135.8
Valuation allowance (41.7) (15.8)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
Total deferred tax assets 1,052.7 1,120.0
Total deferred tax liabilities -- depreciation (453.7) (452.8)
-- pensions (222.7) (181.6)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
Total deferred taxes $ 376.3 $ 485.6
The Company made net cash payments for income taxes in 1998, 1997 and 1996
of $230.7 million, $262.6 million and $238.5 million, respectively.
No provision for Federal income tax or foreign withholding tax on retained
earnings of international subsidiaries of $1,679.0 million is required because
this amount has been or will be reinvested in properties and plants and working
capital. It is not practicable to calculate the deferred taxes associated with
the remittance of these investments.
NOTE 18: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Research and development costs for 1998, 1997 and 1996 were $420.7 million,
$384.1 million and $374.5 million, respectively.
63
66
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
NOTE 19: BUSINESS SEGMENTS
The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131
(SFAS 131), "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information", effective December 31, 1998. SFAS 131 requires disclosure of
segment information on the basis that is used internally for evaluating segment
performance and deciding how to allocate resources to segments. Accordingly,
segment information for 1997 and 1996 has been restated to conform with the
requirements of SFAS 131.
Segment information reflects the six strategic business units of the
Company (SBUs), which are organized to meet customer requirements and global
competition. The Tire business is comprised of four regional SBUs. The
Engineered and Chemical businesses are each managed on a global basis. Segment
information is reported on the basis used for reporting to the Company's
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and President.
Each of the four regional tire business segments involve the development,
manufacture, distribution and sale of tires. Certain of the tire business
segments also provide related products and services, which include tubes,
retreads, automotive repair services and merchandise purchased for resale.
North American Tire provides original equipment and replacement tires for
autos, trucks, farm, aircraft, and construction applications in the United
States, Canada and export markets. Tires are also provided for most major motor
racing series. North American Tire also provides related products and services
including tread rubber, tubes, retreaded tires, automotive repair services and
merchandise purchased for resale.
Europe Tire provides original equipment and replacement tires for autos,
trucks, farm and construction applications in Europe, Africa, the Middle East
and export markets. Europe Tire also retreads truck and aircraft tires.
Latin American Tire provides original equipment and replacement tires for
autos, trucks, tractors and construction applications in Central and South
America, Mexico and export markets. Latin America Tire also manufactures
materials for tire retreading.
Asia Tire provides original equipment and replacement tires for autos,
trucks, farm, aircraft and construction applications in Asia, Australia and the
Western Pacific. Asia Tire also retreads truck, construction equipment and
aircraft tires and provides automotive repair services.
Engineered Products develops, manufactures and sells belts, hose, molded
products, foam cushioning accessories, airsprings, tank tracks and other
products for original equipment and replacement transportation applications and
industrial markets worldwide.
Chemical Products develops, manufactures and sells organic chemicals used
in rubber and plastic processing, synthetic rubber and rubber latices,
plantation and natural rubber purchasing operations, and other products for
internal and external customers worldwide.
The Company's oil transportation business was sold during 1998 and
accounted for as a discontinued operation. Accordingly, results of operations
have been restated to exclude this business from segment sales, income and
depreciation for 1998, 1997 and 1996. Refer to Note 3.
Portions of the items described in Note 2, Rationalizations and Note 5,
Other Expense, were not charged (credited) to the SBUs for performance
evaluation purposes but were attributable to the SBUs as follows:
North American Latin Engineered Chemical
(In millions) Tire Europe America Asia Products Products Total
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998
Rationalizations and other provisions $ (7.7) $ -- $15.9 $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 8.2
Asset sales (44.1) (4.1) (3.4) (10.1) (.6) (61.5) (123.8)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$(51.8) $(4.1) $12.5 $(10.1) $ (.6) $(61.5) $(115.6)
1997
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rationalizations and other provisions $107.6 $50.9 $36.5 $ -- $ 6.0 $ -- $ 201.0
1996
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rationalizations and other provisions $ 80.0 $29.4 $20.8 $ 1.8 $ 4.9 $ 11.6 $ 148.5
Asset sales -- -- -- -- 10.3 (42.4) (32.1)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 80.0 $29.4 $20.8 $ 1.8 $15.2 $(30.8) $ 116.4
64
67
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sales
North American Tire $ 6,235.2 $ 6,207.5 $ 6,123.8
Europe Tire 2,911.0 2,927.2 2,869.6
Latin American Tire 1,245.6 1,413.4 1,368.5
Asia Tire 501.8 666.9 736.2
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Tires 10,893.6 11,215.0 11,098.1
Engineered Products 1,279.3 1,324.0 1,269.4
Chemical Products 970.8 1,089.1 1,152.7
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Segment Sales 13,143.7 13,628.1 13,520.2
Inter-SBU sales (524.3) (569.5) (546.3)
Other 6.9 6.7 11.8
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Sales $12,626.3 $13,065.3 $12,985.7
Income
North American Tire $ 378.6 $ 382.5 $ 316.2
Europe Tire 302.1 269.1 299.8
Latin American Tire 186.1 233.5 226.8
Asia Tire 7.5 58.6 70.2
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Tires 874.3 943.7 913.0
Engineered Products 111.8 130.1 118.5
Chemical Products 139.6 128.3 136.2
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Segment Income (EBIT) 1,125.7 1,202.1 1,167.7
Rationalizations and other provisions 137.6 (265.2) (116.4)
Interest expense (147.8) (119.5) (128.6)
Foreign currency exchange 2.6 34.1 (7.4)
Minority interest in net income of subsidiaries (31.5) (44.6) (43.1)
Inter-SBU income (61.1) (54.7) (66.0)
Other (22.8) (8.9) 5.3
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Income from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes $ 1,002.7 $ 743.3 $ 811.5
Assets
North American Tire $ 3,944.6 $ 3,596.6 $ 3,443.5
Europe Tire 2,588.1 2,123.4 1,923.4
Latin American Tire 993.8 979.5 859.7
Asia Tire 744.0 522.3 655.8
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Tires 8,270.5 7,221.8 6,882.4
Engineered Products 678.9 630.3 568.2
Chemical Products 576.5 541.0 566.6
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Segment Assets 9,525.9 8,393.1 8,017.2
Corporate 1,063.4 1,061.8 1,234.6
Discontinued Operations -- 462.5 420.0
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets $10,589.3 $ 9,917.4 $ 9,671.8
Results of operations in the Tire and Engineered Products segments were
measured based on net sales to unaffiliated customers and EBIT. Results of
operations of the Chemical Products segment included transfers to other SBUs.
EBIT is computed as follows: net sales less cost of goods sold and selling,
administrative and general expense, including allocated central administrative
expenses. Inter-SBU sales by Chemical Products were at the lower of a formulated
price or market. Purchases from Chemical Products were included in the
purchasing SBU's EBIT at Chemical Products' cost. Segment assets include those
assets under the management of the SBU.
65
68
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Capital Expenditures
North American Tire $325.7 $229.5 $205.0
Europe Tire 169.6 164.8 105.0
Latin American Tire 67.7 73.5 81.9
Asia Tire 55.2 57.0 64.2
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Tires 618.2 524.8 456.1
Engineered Products 49.6 46.4 48.5
Chemical Products 95.2 60.9 59.3
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Segment Capital Expenditures 763.0 632.1 563.9
Corporate 75.4 64.7 49.6
Discontinued Operations -- 2.2 4.0
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Capital Expenditures $838.4 $699.0 $617.5
Depreciation
North American Tire $212.7 $201.4 $196.4
Europe Tire 84.9 72.8 64.7
Latin American Tire 38.9 36.7 27.4
Asia Tire 27.8 28.3 22.1
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Tires 364.3 339.2 310.6
Engineered Products 32.4 29.3 26.8
Chemical Products 34.4 32.5 28.1
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Segment Depreciation 431.1 401.0 365.5
Corporate 56.7 52.9 54.4
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Depreciation $487.8 $453.9 $419.9
The following table presents geographic information. Net sales by country
were determined based on the location of the selling subsidiary. Long-lived
assets consisted primarily of properties and plants, deferred charges and other
miscellaneous assets. Management did not consider the net sales or long-lived
assets of individual countries outside the United States to be significant to
the consolidated financial statements.
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Sales
United States $ 6,806.4 $ 6,831.0 $ 6,882.8
International 5,819.9 6,234.3 6,102.9
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$12,626.3 $13,065.3 $12,985.7
Long-Lived Assets
United States $ 2,750.6 $ 2,966.6 $ 2,940.5
International 2,649.5 2,074.1 1,936.7
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 5,400.1 $ 5,040.7 $ 4,877.2
Sales and operating income of the Asia segment reflect the results of the
Company's majority-owned tire business in the region. In addition, the Company
owns a 50% interest in South Pacific Tyres Ltd. (SPT), the largest tire
manufacturer, marketer and exporter in Australia and New Zealand. Results of
operations of SPT are not reported in segment results, and are reflected in the
Company's Consolidated Statement of Income using the equity method. The
following table presents the sales and operating income of the Company's Asian
segment together with 100% of the sales and operating income of SPT:
(In millions) 1998 1997 1996
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Sales
Asia Segment $ 501.8 $ 666.9 $ 736.2
SPT 636.3 744.2 814.1
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 1,138.1 $ 1,411.1 $1,550.3
Operating Income
Asia Segment $ 7.5 $ 58.6 $ 70.2
SPT 47.2 63.5 75.8
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 54.7 $ 122.1 $ 146.0
66
69
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(CONTINUED)
NOTE 20: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
At December 31, 1998, the Company had binding commitments for investments
in land, buildings and equipment of $194.8 million and off-balance-sheet
financial guarantees written of $28.5 million.
At December 31, 1998, the Company had recorded liabilities aggregating
$71.7 million for anticipated costs, including legal and consulting fees, site
studies, the design and implementation of remediation plans, post-remediation
monitoring and related activities, related to various environmental matters,
primarily the remediation of numerous waste disposal sites and certain
properties sold by the Company. The amount of the Company's ultimate liability
in respect of these matters may be affected by several uncertainties, primarily
the ultimate cost of required remediation and the extent to which other
responsible parties contribute, and is expected to be paid over several years.
Refer to Environmental Cleanup Matters at Note 1.
At December 31, 1998, the Company had recorded liabilities aggregating
$87.5 million for potential product liability and other tort claims, including
related legal fees expected to be incurred, presently asserted against the
Company. The amount recorded was determined on the basis of an assessment of
potential liability using an analysis of pending claims, historical experience
and current trends. The Company has concluded that in respect of any of the
above described liabilities, it is not reasonably possible that it would incur a
loss exceeding the amount already recognized with respect thereto which would be
material relative to the consolidated financial position, results of operations
or liquidity of the Company.
Various other legal actions, claims and governmental investigations and
proceedings covering a wide range of matters are pending against the Company and
its subsidiaries. Management, after reviewing available information relating to
such matters and consulting with the Company's General Counsel, has determined
with respect to each such matter either that it is not reasonably possible that
the Company has incurred liability in respect thereof or that any liability
ultimately incurred will not exceed the amount, if any, recorded at December 31,
1998 in respect thereof which would be material relative to the consolidated
financial position, results of operations or liquidity of the Company. However,
in the event of an unanticipated adverse final determination in respect of
certain matters, the Company's consolidated net income for the period in which
such determination occurs could be materially affected.
NOTE 21: PREFERRED STOCK PURCHASE RIGHTS PLAN
In June 1996, the Company authorized 7,000,000 shares of Series B Preferred
Stock ("Series B Preferred") issuable only upon the exercise of rights
("Rights") issued under the Preferred Stock Purchase Rights Plan adopted on, and
set forth in the Rights Agreement dated, June 4, 1996. Each share of Series B
Preferred issued would be non-redeemable, non-voting and entitled to (i)
cumulative quarterly dividends equal to the greater of $25.00 or, subject to
adjustment, 100 times the per year amount of dividends declared on Goodyear
Common Stock ("the Common Stock") during the preceding quarter and (ii) a
liquidation preference.
Under the Rights Plan, each shareholder of record on July 29, 1996 received
a dividend of one Right per share of the Common Stock. Each Right, when
exercisable, will entitle the registered holder thereof to purchase from the
Company one one-hundredth of a share of Series B Preferred Stock at a price of
$250 (the "Purchase Price"), subject to adjustment. The Rights will expire on
July 29, 2006, unless earlier redeemed at $.001 per Right. The Rights will be
exercisable only in the event that an acquiring person or group purchases, or
makes -- or announces its intention to make -- a tender offer for, 15% or more
of the Common Stock. In the event that any acquiring person or group acquires
15% or more of the Common Stock, each Right will entitle the holder to purchase
that number of shares of Common Stock (or in certain circumstances, other
securities, cash or property) which at the time of such transaction would have a
market value of two times the Purchase Price.
If the Company is acquired or a sale or transfer of 50% or more of the
Company's assets or earnings power is made after the Rights become exercisable,
each Right (except those held by an acquiring person or group) will entitle the
holder to purchase common stock of the acquiring entity having a market value
then equal to two times the Purchase Price. In addition, when exercisable the
Rights under certain circumstances may be exchanged by the Company at the ratio
of one share of Common Stock (or the equivalent thereof in other securities,
property or cash) per Right, subject to adjustment.
The Rights Plan replaced the rights plan adopted in 1986, whereunder rights
to purchase Series A $10.00 Preferred Stock were issued and expired without
being exercisable on July 28, 1996.
67
70
SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
(UNAUDITED)
QUARTERLY DATA AND MARKET PRICE INFORMATION
(In millions, except per share)
Quarter
--------------------------------------------------------
1998 First Second Third Fourth Year
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Sales $3,094.0 $3,137.5 $3,191.7 $3,203.1 $12,626.3
Gross Profit 762.8 744.8 721.9 723.9 2,953.4
Net Income 176.8 199.0 185.0 121.5 682.3
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income Per Share -- Basic 1.13 1.26 1.19 .78 4.36
-- Diluted 1.11 1.25 1.17 .78 4.31
Average Shares Outstanding:
-- Basic 156.8 157.2 156.4 155.9 156.6
-- Diluted 159.0 159.3 157.8 157.1 158.3
Price Range of Common Stock:*
High $ 76 3/4 $ 76 1/8 $ 67 $58 5/16 $ 76 3/4
Low 57 3/4 62 7/8 45 7/8 46 9/16 45 7/8
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dividends Per Share .30 .30 .30 .30 1.20
The first quarter included an after-tax charge of $34.7 million or $.22 per
share for the sale of the Oil Transportation business segment. After-tax gains
on other asset sales were recorded totaling $37.9 million or $.24 per share in
the first quarter, $32.0 million or $.20 per share in the third quarter and $6.5
million or $.04 per share in the fourth quarter. An after-tax gain totaling
$19.6 million or $.12 per share was recorded in the second quarter resulting
from favorable experience in implementation of the Company's program to exit the
Formula 1 racing series and the reversal of reserves related to production
rationalization in North America.
Quarter
--------------------------------------------------------
1997 First Second Third Fourth Year
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Sales $3,208.7 $3,289.9 $3,298.7 $3,268.0 $13,065.3
Gross Profit 755.6 765.3 762.4 766.4 3,049.7
Net Income 170.4 192.2 194.1 2.0 558.7
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net Income Per Share -- Basic 1.09 1.23 1.25 .01 3.58
-- Diluted 1.08 1.22 1.22 .01 3.53
Average Shares Outstanding:
-- Basic 156.4 155.8 156.2 156.5 156.2
-- Diluted 158.0 157.7 158.3 158.6 158.2
Price Range of Common Stock:*
High $ 55 7/8 $ 63 3/8 $ 69 3/4 $ 71 1/4 $ 71 1/4
Low 50 5/8 49 1/4 60 5/8 58 5/8 49 1/4
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dividends Per Share .28 .28 .28 .30 1.14
The fourth quarter included after-tax charges of $176.3 million or $1.12 per
share for rationalizations.
Per share amounts of unusual items are diluted.
*New York Stock Exchange - Composite Transactions
68
71
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.None.
PART III.
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT.
Information required by Item 401 of Regulation S-K in respect of
directors of Registrant is, pursuant to General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K,
incorporated herein by specific reference to the text set forth under the
caption "Election of Directors" at pages 3 through 6, inclusive, of Registrant's
Proxy Statement, dated February 26, 1999, for its Annual Meeting of Shareholders
to be held on April 12, 1999 (the "Proxy Statement"). For information regarding
the executive officers of Registrant, reference is made to Part I, Item 4(A), at
pages 22 through 26, inclusive, of this Annual Report.
SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE
Based solely on a review of copies of reports on Forms 3, 4 and 5
received by Registrant, or on written representations from certain directors and
officers that no updating Section 16(a) forms were required to be filed by them,
Registrant believes that no director or officer of Registrant filed a late
report or failed to file a required report under Section 16(a) of the Exchange
Act during or in respect of the year ended December 31, 1998, except that: (1)
Ms. K. G. Farley, a Director of Registrant, filed her Form 3, dated February 23,
1998, approximately ten days late due to an administrative error; and (2) Mr. W.
H. Hopkins, a Vice President of Registrant, filed an amendment dated July 6,
1998 to his Form 3 dated May 19, 1998 to correct an administrative error in the
reporting of his holdings of Common Stock. To the knowledge of Registrant, no
person owned 10% or more of any class of Registrant's equity securities
registered under the Exchange Act during 1998.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.
Information required by Item 402 of Regulation S-K in respect of
management of Registrant is, pursuant to General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K,
incorporated herein by specific reference to the text set forth in the Proxy
Statement under the caption "Executive Officer Compensation", at pages 9 through
17, inclusive, of the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT.
Information required by Item 403 of Regulation S-K relating to the
ownership of Registrant's Common Stock by certain beneficial owners and
management is, pursuant to General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K, incorporated
herein by specific reference to the text set forth in the Proxy Statement under
the caption "Beneficial Ownership of Common Stock" at pages 7 and 8 of the Proxy
Statement.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS.
Information required by Item 404 of Regulation S-K relating to certain
transactions by and relationships of management is, pursuant to General
Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K, incorporated herein by specific reference to the
text set forth in the Proxy Statement under the caption "Executive Officer
Compensation" at pages 9 through 17, inclusive, of the Proxy Statement.
69
72
PART IV.
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K.
A. LIST OF DOCUMENTS FILED AS PART OF THIS REPORT:
1. Financial Statements: See Index on page 43 of this Annual Report.
2. Financial Statement Schedules: See Index To Financial Statement
Schedules attached to this Annual Report at page FS-1. The Financial Statement
Schedule at page FS-1 is by specific reference hereby incorporated into and made
a part of this Annual Report.
3. Exhibits required to be filed by Item 601 of Regulation S-K: See the
Index of Exhibits at pages X-1 through X-7, inclusive, which is by specific
reference hereby incorporated into and made a part of this Annual Report. The
following exhibits, each listed in the Index of Exhibits, are or relate to
compensation plans and arrangements of Registrant:
EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION FILED AS EXHIBIT
-------- ------------- ------------------
10(a) 1997 Performance Incentive Plan of The 10.1 to Form 10-Q for
Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company the quarter ended
(the "1997 Plan") June 30, 1997
10(b) 1989 Goodyear Performance and Equity A to Form 10-Q for
Incentive Plan ("1989 Plan") quarter ended March 31, 1989
10(c) Forms of Stock Option Grant Agreements 10.1 to Form 10-K for
under the 1997 Plan in respect of Stock year ended December 31,
Options and SARs granted December 2, 1997
1997
10(d) Performance Recognition Plan 10.1 to Form 10-K for
adopted as of January 1, 1996 year ended December 31, 1995
10(e) Form of Performance Unit Grant Agreement 10.2 to Form 10-K for
under 1997 Plan dated December 2, 1997 year ended December 31, 1997
10(f) Forms of Stock Option Unit Grant Agreements 10.3 to Form 10-K for year
under 1989 Plan in respect of options and ended December 31, 1996
SARs granted December 3, 1996
10(g) Form of Stock Option Grant Agreement G to Form 10-K for year
under 1989 Plan in respect of options ended December 31, 1993
granted January 4, 1994
10(h) Forms of Stock Option Grant 10.1 to this Annual Report
Agreements and Performance Grant on Form 10-K
Agreements under 1997 Plan in respect
of Options and SARs and Performance
Unit Grants made on November 30, 1998
and on other dates
10(i) Form of Performance Equity Grant 10.2 to Form 10-K for year
Agreement for 1994 under 1989 Plan ended December 31, 1996
(as amended December 3, 1996)
10(j) Goodyear Supplementary Pension Plan A to Form 10-Q for quarter
(as amended) ended March 31, 1990
70
73
EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION FILED AS EXHIBIT
-------- ------------- ------------------
10(k) Form of Performance Equity Grant 10.4 to Form 10-K for year
Agreement for 1995 under 1989 Plan ended December 31, 1996
(as amended December 3, 1996)
10(l) Goodyear Employee Severance Plan A-II to Form 10-K for year
ended December 31, 1988
10(m) Forms of Stock Option Grant Agreements 10.3 to Form 10-K for year
under 1989 Plan in respect of options and ended December 31, 1995
SARs granted January 9, 1996
10(n) Form of Performance Equity Grant 10.5 to Form 10-K for year
Agreement for 1996 under 1989 Plan ended December 31, 1996
(as amended December 3, 1996)
10(o) Form of Performance Equity Grant 10.6 to Form 10-K for year
Agreement for 1997 under 1989 Plan ended December 31, 1996
10(p) Forms of Stock Option Grant Agreements G to Form 10-K for year
under 1989 Plan in respect of options and ended December 31, 1994
SARs granted January 4, 1995
10(r) Deferred Compensation Plan for Executives B to Form 10-Q for quarter
ended September 30, 1994
10(s) 1994 Restricted Stock Award Plan for B to Form 10-Q for
Non-employee Directors quarter ended June 30, 1994
10(t) Outside Directors' Equity 10.3 to Form 10-K for year
Participation Plan (as amended) ended December 31, 1997
10(u) Amended Annex A to Performance Equity 10.2 to this Annual Report
Grant for 1997 and to Performance Grant Report on Form 10-K
for 1998
B. REPORTS ON FORM 8-K:
No Current Report on Form 8-K was filed by Registrant with the Securities
and Exchange Commission during the quarter ended December 31, 1998.
71
74
SIGNATURES
PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, THE REGISTRANT HAS DULY CAUSED THIS ANNUAL REPORT TO BE
SIGNED ON ITS BEHALF BY THE UNDERSIGNED, THEREUNTO DULY AUTHORIZED.
THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY
(Registrant)
Date: March 26, 1999 By /s/ SAMIR G. GIBARA
--------------------------------------
Samir G. Gibara, Chairman of the Board,
Chief Executive Officer and President
PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, THIS
ANNUAL REPORT HAS BEEN SIGNED BELOW BY THE FOLLOWING PERSONS ON BEHALF OF THE
REGISTRANT AND IN THE CAPACITIES AND ON THE DATES INDICATED.
Date: March 26, 1999 /s/ SAMIR G. GIBARA
------------------------------------------------
Samir G. Gibara, Chairman of the Board, Chief
Executive Officer and President and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: March 26, 1999 /s/ ROBERT W. TIEKEN
------------------------------------------------
Robert W. Tieken, Executive Vice President
(Principal Financial Officer)
Date: March 26, 1999 /s/ JOHN W. RICHARDSON
------------------------------------------------
John W. Richardson, Vice President
(Principal Accounting Officer)
John G. Breen, Director
William E. Butler, Director
Thomas H. Cruikshank, Director By /s/ ROBERT W. TIEKEN
Katherine G. Farley, Director ------------------------------
William J. Hudson, Jr., Director Robert W. Tieken, Signing as
Date: March 26, 1999 Steven A. Minter, Director Attorney-in-Fact for the directors
Agnar Pytte, Director whose names appear opposite.
George H. Schofield, Director
William C. Turner, Director
Martin D. Walker, Director
A Power of Attorney, dated November 30, 1998, authorizing Robert W.
Tieken to sign this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 1998 on behalf of certain of the directors of the Registrant is
filed as Exhibit 24 to this Annual Report.
72
75
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
ITEMS 8 AND 14(a)(2) OF FORM 10-K
FOR CORPORATIONS
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
-------------------
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES:
SCHEDULE NO. PAGE NUMBER
-------------- --------------
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts ....... II FS-1
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the
required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.
Financial statements and schedules relating to 50 percent or less owned
companies, the investments in which are accounted for by the equity method, have
been omitted as permitted because, considered in the aggregate as a single
subsidiary, these companies would not constitute a significant subsidiary.
================================================================================
SCHEDULE II -- VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
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(IN MILLIONS)
ADDITIONS TRANSLATION
BALANCE AT CHARGED DEDUCTIONS ADJUSTMENT BALANCE
BEGINNING (CREDITED) FROM DURING AT END OF
DESCRIPTION OF PERIOD TO INCOME RESERVES PERIOD PERIOD
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
1998
Deducted from accounts and notes receivable:
For doubtful accounts ........................... $ 49.5 $ 23.4 $ (18.0)(a) $ -- $ 54.9
Valuation allowance -- deferred
tax assets ...................................... 15.8 25.9 -- -- 41.7
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
1997
Deducted from accounts and notes receivable:
For doubtful accounts ........................... $ 58.1 $ 20.5 $ (25.3)(a) $ (3.8) $ 49.5
Valuation allowance -- deferred
tax assets ...................................... 21.4 (5.6) -- -- 15.8
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
1996
Deducted from accounts and notes receivable:
For doubtful accounts ........................... $ 56.2 $ 19.3 $ (18.9)(a) $ 1.5 $ 58.1
Valuation allowance -- deferred
tax assets ...................................... 29.7 (8.3) -- -- 21.4
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Note:(a) Accounts and notes receivable charged off.
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76
THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FOR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
INDEX OF EXHIBITS(1)
EXHIBIT
TABLE
ITEM EXHIBIT
NO. (2) DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT NUMBER PAGE
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3 ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND BY-LAWS
(a) Certificate of Amended Articles of Incorporation of The Goodyear
Tire & Rubber Company, dated December 20, 1954, and Certificate
of Amendment to Amended Articles of Incorporation of The Goodyear
Tire & Rubber Company, dated April 6, 1993, and Certificate of
Amendment to Amended Articles of Incorporation of Registrant
dated June 4, 1996, three documents comprising Registrant's
Articles of Incorporation as amended through March 25, 1999
(incorporated by reference, filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission as Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1996, File No.
1-1927).
(b) Code of Regulations of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company,
adopted November 22, 1955, and amended April 5, 1965, April 7,
1980, April 6, 1981 and April 13, 1987 (incorporated by
reference, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as
Exhibit 4.1(B) to Registrant's Registration Statement on Form
S-3, File No. 333-1955).
4 INSTRUMENTS DEFINING THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS, INCLUDING
INDENTURES
(a) Conformed copy of Rights Agreement, dated as of June 4, 1996,
between Registrant and First Chicago Trust Company of New York,
Rights Agent (incorporated by reference, filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 1 to Registrant's
Registration Statement on Form 8-A dated June 11, 1996 and as
Exhibit 4(a) to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
June 4, 1996, File No. 1-1927).
(b) Specimen nondenominational Certificate for shares of the Common
Stock, Without Par Value, of the Registrant; one certificate,
First Chicago Trust Company of New York as transfer agent and
registrar (incorporated by reference, filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 4.3 to Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1996,
File No. 1-1927).
---------------
(1) See Part IV, Item 14, Part A.3.
(2) Pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K.
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EXHIBIT
TABLE
ITEM EXHIBIT
NO. (2) DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT NUMBER PAGE
- ---------- --------------------------- ---------- -------
4 (c) Conformed Copy of Revolving Credit Facility Agreement, dated
as of July 15, 1994, among Registrant, the Lenders named therein
and Chemical Bank, as Agent (incorporated by reference, filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit A to
Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 30, 1994, File No. 1-1927).
(d) Conformed Copy of Replacement and Restatement Agreement, dated as
of July 15, 1996, among Registrant, the Lenders named therein and
The Chase Manhattan Bank (formerly Chemical Bank), as Agent,
relating to the Revolving Credit Facility Agreement dated as of
July 15, 1994 among Registrant, the Lenders named therein and
Chemical Bank (incorporated by reference, filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 4.5 to Registrant's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
1996, File No. 1-1927).
(e) Conformed copy of First Amendment to Replacement and Restatement
Agreement, dated as of March 31, 1997, among Registrant, the
Lenders named therein and The Chase Manhattan Bank (formerly
Chemical Bank), as Agent (incorporated by reference, filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 4.5 to
Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
June 30, 1997, File No. 1-1927).
(f) Conformed copy of Second Replacement and Restatement Agreement
dated as of July 13, 1998, among Registrant, the Lenders named
therein and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as Agent (incorporated by
reference, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as
Exhibit 4 to Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended September 30, 1998, File No. 1-1927).
(g) Form of Indenture, dated as of March 15, 1996, between Registrant
and Chemical Bank (now The Chase Manhattan Bank), as Trustee, as
supplemented on December 3, 1996, March 11, 1998, and March 17,
1998 (incorporated by reference, filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on Exhibit 4.1 to Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1998, File
No, 1-1927)
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(2) Pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K.
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EXHIBIT
TABLE
ITEM EXHIBIT
NO. (2) DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT NUMBER PAGE
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4 Information concerning Goodyear's long-term debt is set forth at
Note 7, captioned "Financing Arrangements and Financial
Instruments", at the sub-caption "Long Term Debt and Financing
Arrangements", in the Financial Statements set forth at Item 8 of
this Annual Report and is incorporated herein by specific
reference. In accordance with paragraph (iii) to Part 4 of Item
601 of Regulation S-K, the agreements and instruments defining
the rights of holders of long term debt of Registrant in respect
of which the total amount of securities authorized thereunder
does not exceed 10% of the consolidated assets of Registrant and
its subsidiaries are not filed herewith. The Registrant hereby
agrees to furnish a copy of any such agreement or instrument to
the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.
10 MATERIAL CONTRACTS
(a) 1997 Performance Incentive Plan of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber
Company, as adopted by the Board of Directors on February 4,
1997, and approved by shareholders on April 14, 1997
(incorporated by reference, filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission as Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1997, File No.
1-1927).
(b) 1989 Goodyear Performance and Equity Incentive Plan of
Registrant, as adopted by the Board of Directors of Registrant on
December 6, 1988, and approved by the shareholders of Registrant
on April 10, 1989 (incorporated by reference, filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit A to Registrant's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,
1989, File No. 1-1927).
(c) Forms of Stock Option Grant Agreements in respect of options
granted December 2, 1997 under the 1997 Performance Incentive
Plan of Registrant: Part I, form of Grant Agreement for Incentive
Stock Options; Part II, form of Grant Agreement for Non-Qualified
Stock Options; and Part III, form of Grant Agreement for
Non-Qualified Stock Options and tandem Stock Appreciation Rights
(incorporated by reference, filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission as Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant's Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1997, File No.
1-1927).
(d) Performance Recognition Plan of Registrant adopted effective
January 1, 1996 (incorporated by reference, filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 10.1 to
Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1995, File No. 1-1927).
---------------
(2) Pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K.
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EXHIBIT
TABLE
ITEM EXHIBIT
NO. (2) DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT NUMBER PAGE
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10 (e) Form of Performance Unit Grant Agreement in respect of grants
made on December 2, 1997 in respect of 1998 under the 1997
Performance Incentive Plan of Registrant. (incorporated by
reference, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as
Exhibit 10.2 to Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 1997, File No. 1-1927).
(f) Forms of Stock Option Grant Agreements in respect of options and
SARs granted December 3, 1996 under the 1989 Goodyear Performance
and Equity Incentive Plan: Part I, form of Agreement for
Incentive Stock Options; Part II, form of Agreement for
Non-Qualified Stock Options; and Part III, form of Agreement for
Non-Qualified Stock Options and Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights
(incorporated by reference, filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission as Exhibit 10.3 to Registrant's Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996, File No.
1-1927).
(g) Form of Stock Option Grant Agreement under the 1989 Goodyear
Performance and Equity Incentive Plan in respect of options
granted January 4, 1994 (incorporated by reference, filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit G to
Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1993, File No. 1-1927).
(h) Forms of Grant Agreements in respect of stock options, SARs and 10.1 X-10.1-1
performance units granted during 1998 under Registrant's 1997
Performance Incentive Plan: Part I, form of Grant Agreement for
Non-qualified Stock Options; Part II, form of Grant Agreement for
Non-qualified Stock Options and tandem Stock Appreciation Rights;
Part III, form of Grant Agreement for Performance Units; and Part
IV, form of Grant Agreement for Chairman's Award Performance
Units.
(i) Form of Performance Equity Grant Agreement in respect of grants
made on January 4, 1994 under the 1989 Goodyear Performance and
Equity Incentive Plan, as amended December 3, 1996 (incorporated
by reference, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
as Exhibit 10.2 to Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the year ended December 31, 1996, File No. 1-1927).
(j) Goodyear Supplementary Pension Plan, as amended May 1, 1990
(incorporated by reference, filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission as Exhibit A to Registrant's Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1990, File No.
1-1927).
---------------
(2) Pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K.
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EXHIBIT
TABLE
ITEM EXHIBIT
NO. (2) DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT NUMBER PAGE
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10 (k) Form of Performance Equity Grant Agreement in respect of
grants made on December 6, 1994 in respect of 1995 under the 1989
Goodyear Performance and Equity Incentive Plan, as amended
December 3, 1996 (incorporated by reference, filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 10.4 to
Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1996, File No. 1-1927).
(l) Goodyear Employee Severance Plan, as adopted by the Board of
Directors of Registrant on February 14, 1989 (incorporated by
reference, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as
Exhibit A-II to Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 1988, File No. 1-1927).
(m) Forms of Stock Option Grant Agreement granted January 9, 1996
under the 1989 Goodyear Performance and Equity Incentive Plan:
Part I, Form of Agreement for Incentive Stock Options; Part II,
Form of Agreement for Non-qualified Stock Options; and Part III,
Form of Agreement for Non-qualified Stock Options and tandem
Stock Appreciation Rights (incorporated by reference, filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 10.3 to
Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1995, File No. 1-1927).
(n) Form of Performance Equity Grant Agreement in respect of grants
made January 9, 1996 under the 1989 Goodyear Performance and
Equity Incentive Plan, as amended December 3, 1996 (incorporated
by reference, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
as Exhibit 10.5 to Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the year ended December 31, 1996, File No. 1-1927).
(o) Form of Performance Equity Grant Agreement in respect of grants
made on December 3, 1996 in respect of 1997 under the 1989
Goodyear Performance and Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by
reference, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as
Exhibit 10.6 to Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 1996, File No. 1-1927).
(p) Forms of Stock Option Grant Agreements in respect of options and
SARs granted January 4, 1995 under the 1989 Goodyear Performance
and Equity Incentive Plan: Part I, form of Agreement for
Incentive Stock Options; Part II, form of Agreement for
Non-Qualified Stock Options; and Part III, form of Agreement for
Non-Qualified Stock Options and tandem Stock Appreciation Rights
(incorporated by reference, filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission as Exhibit G to Registrant's Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994, File No. 1-1927).
---------------
(2) Pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K.
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TABLE
ITEM EXHIBIT
NO. (2) DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT NUMBER PAGE
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10 (q) Conformed copy of Consolidated Receivables Sale Agreement
[$550,000,000 Facility], dated as of November 15, 1996, among
Registrant, Asset Securitization Cooperative Corporation and
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (incorporated by reference,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 10.7
to Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1996, File No. 1-1927).
(r) The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Deferred Compensation Plan for
Executives, as adopted effective October 4, 1994 (incorporated by
reference, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as
Exhibit B to Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended September 30, 1994, File No. 1-1927).
(s) 1994 Restricted Stock Award Plan for Non-employee Directors of
Registrant, as adopted effective June 1, 1994 (incorporated by
reference, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as
Exhibit B to Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended June 30, 1994, File No. 1-1927).
(t) Outside Directors' Equity Participation Plan, as adopted February
2, 1996 and amended February 3, 1998 (incorporated by reference
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 10.3
to Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1997, File No. 1-1927).
(u) Amendments to Annexes to Performance Grant Agreements: Part I, 10.2 X-10.2-1
Amendment to Annex A to Performance Equity Grant Agreement for
1997; and Part II, Amendment to Annex A to Performance Grant
Agreement for 1998.
12 STATEMENT RE COMPUTATION OF RATIOS
(a) Statement setting forth the Computation of Ratio of 12 X-12-1
Earnings to Fixed Charges.
21 SUBSIDIARIES
(a) List of subsidiaries of Registrant at March 15, 1999. 21 X-21-1
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(2) Pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K.
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EXHIBIT
TABLE
ITEM EXHIBIT
NO. (2) DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT NUMBER PAGE
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23 CONSENTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL
(a) Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent 23 X-23-1
accountants, to incorporation by reference of their report set
forth on page 43 of this Annual Report in
certain Registration Statements on Forms S-3 and S-8.
24 POWER OF ATTORNEY
(a) Power of Attorney, dated November 30, 1998, authorizing 24 X-24-1
Robert W. Tieken, C. Thomas Harvie, John W. Richardson,
James Boyazis, or any one or more of them, to sign this
Annual Report on behalf of certain directors of Registrant.
27 FINANCIAL DATA SCHEDULE 27 X-27-1
99 ADDITIONAL EXHIBITS
(a) Registrant's definitive Proxy Statement dated February 26,
1999 (portions incorporated by reference, filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission, File No. 1-1927).
X-7