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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

     
þ
  Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)          
  of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934          

For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2005
Commission File Number 1-1063

Dana Corporation


(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
     
Virginia   34-4361040

 
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
  (IRS Employer
Identification Number)
     
4500 Dorr Street, Toledo, Ohio   43615

 
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)   (Zip Code)

(419) 535-4500


(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

     Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes þ No o

     Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes þ No o

     Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

     
Class   Outstanding at April 29, 2005

 
Common stock, $1 par value   150,256,100
 
 

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DANA CORPORATION
INDEX

         
    Page Number
Cover
    1  
 
       
Index
    2  
 
       
       
 
       
       
 
       
    3  
    4  
    5  
    6-17  
 
       
    18-32  
 
       
    32  
 
       
    32  
 
       
       
 
       
    33  
 
       
    33  
 
       
    33-34  
 
       
    34  
 
       
    35  
 
       
    36  
 Exhibit 10-U(1) Purchase and Sale Agreement
 Exhibit 10-U(2) Equity Joint Venture Contract
 Exhibit 10-V Human Resources Management & Admin
 Exhibit 31-A CEO Certification Rule 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A)
 Exhibit 31-B CFO Certification Rule 13A-14(A)/15D-14(A)
 Exhibit 32 Section 1350 Certifications

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DANA CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (Unaudited)
(in millions)
                 
    March 31, 2005     December 31, 2004  
Assets
               
Current assets
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 590     $ 634  
Accounts receivable
               
Trade
    1,479       1,266  
Other
    379       444  
Inventories
               
Raw materials
    482       416  
Work in process and finished goods
    495       491  
Other current assets
    256       217  
 
           
Total current assets
    3,681       3,468  
Property, plant and equipment, net
    2,106       2,153  
Investments in leases
    277       281  
Investments and other assets
    3,025       3,145  
 
           
Total assets
  $ 9,089     $ 9,047  
 
           
 
               
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
               
Current liabilities
               
Notes payable, including current portion of long-term debt
  $ 305     $ 155  
Accounts payable
    1,407       1,317  
Other current liabilities
    1,138       1,217  
 
           
Total current liabilities
    2,850       2,689  
Long-term debt
    2,045       2,054  
Deferred employee benefits and other noncurrent liabilities
    1,689       1,746  
Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries
    126       123  
Shareholders’ equity
    2,379       2,435  
 
           
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 9,089     $ 9,047  
 
           

The accompanying notes are an integral part of
the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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DANA CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME (Unaudited)
(in millions, except per share amounts)
                 
    Three Months Ended  
    March 31,  
    2005     2004  
Net sales
  $ 2,488     $ 2,311  
Revenue from lease financing and other income (expense)
    32       14  
 
           
 
    2,520       2,325  
 
           
Costs and expenses
               
Cost of sales
    2,327       2,105  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    136       134  
Interest expense
    43       51  
 
           
 
    2,506       2,290  
 
           
Income before income taxes
    14       35  
Income tax benefit
            3  
Minority interest
    (3 )     (3 )
Equity in earnings of affiliates
    7       17  
 
           
Income from continuing operations
    18       52  
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
            13  
 
           
Net income
  $ 18     $ 65  
 
           
Basic earnings per common share
               
Income from continuing operations
  $ 0.12     $ 0.35  
Income from discontinued operations
            0.09  
 
           
Net income
  $ 0.12     $ 0.44  
 
           
Diluted earnings per common share
               
Income from continuing operations
  $ 0.12     $ 0.34  
Income from discontinued operations
            0.09  
 
           
Net income
  $ 0.12     $ 0.43  
 
           
 
               
Cash dividends declared and paid per common share
  $ 0.12     $ 0.12  
 
           
Average shares outstanding - Basic
    149       148  
 
           
Average shares outstanding - Diluted
    151       150  
 
           

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial
statements. As explained in Note 1, the results of operations for the three months ended
March 31, 2004 have been restated to reflect the adoption of Staff Position FAS No. 106-2.

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DANA CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(in millions)
                 
    Three Months Ended March 31,  
    2005     2004  
Net income
  $ 18     $ 65  
Depreciation and amortization
    83       93  
Gain on divestitures and asset sales
    (1 )     (4 )
Working capital increase
    (266 )     (222 )
Other
    (37 )     6  
 
           
Net cash flows - operating activities
    (203 )     (62 )
 
           
 
               
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
    (70 )     (79 )
Payments received on leases and loans
    4       4  
Asset sales
    35       103  
Payments from partnerships
    64       6  
Other
    1       (5 )
 
           
Net cash flows - investing activities
    34       29  
 
           
 
               
Net change in short-term debt
    164       115  
Payments on long-term debt
    (20 )     (259 )
Proceeds from long-term debt
            5  
Dividends paid
    (18 )     (18 )
Other
    (1 )     5  
 
           
Net cash flows - financing activities
    125       (152 )
 
           
 
               
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
    (44 )     (185 )
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of period
    634       731  
 
           
Cash and cash equivalents - end of period
  $ 590     $ 546  
 
           

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial
statements. As explained in Note 1, the results of operations for the three months ended
March 31, 2004 have been restated to reflect the adoption of Staff Position FAS No.106-2.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

(in millions, except per share amounts)

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

     In our opinion, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of full-year results. We have reclassified certain amounts in 2004 to conform to the 2005 presentation. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.

     The results of operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2004 were restated in connection with the adoption in the third quarter of 2004 of Staff Position FAS No. 106-2, “Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003.” The adoption resulted in a $68 decrease in our accumulated postretirement benefit obligation and a corresponding actuarial gain, which we deferred in accordance with our accounting policy related to postretirement benefit plans. Amortization of the actuarial gain, along with a reduction in service and interest costs, increased net income for the three months ended March 31, 2004 by $2 and diluted earnings per share by $0.01.

Note 2. New Accounting Pronouncement

     In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment.” SFAS No. 123R requires recognition of the cost of employee services provided in exchange for stock options and similar equity instruments based on the fair value of the instrument at the date of grant. The effective date for this guidance was recently delayed for public companies until January 1, 2006. Accordingly, we will begin recognizing compensation expense related to stock options in the first quarter of 2006. The requirements of SFAS No. 123R will be applied to stock options granted subsequent to December 31, 2005 as well as the unvested portion of prior grants.

     The impact o f adopting SFAS No. 123R on our 2006 earnings is not expected to be significantly different from the pro forma expense included in our 2004 annual report; however, the amount of expense will be affected by the new valuation method, the volume of grants and exercises, forfeitures, our dividend rate and the volatility of our stock price.

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Note 3. Common Shares

     The following table reconciles our average shares outstanding for purposes of calculating basic and diluted net income per share.

                 
    Three Months  
    Ended March 31,  
    2005     2004  
Average shares outstanding for the period - basic
    149.4       148.3  
 
           
Plus: Incremental shares from:
               
Deferred compensation units
    0.5       0.4  
Restricted stock
    0.3       0.3  
Stock options
    0.5       1.3  
 
           
Potentially dilutive shares
    1.3       2.0  
 
           
Average shares outstanding for the period - diluted
    150.7       150.3  
 
           

Note 4. Equity-Based Compensation

     In accordance with our accounting policy for stock-based compensation, we have not recognized any expense relating to our stock options. If we had used the fair value method of accounting, the alternative policy set out in SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” the after-tax expense relating to the stock options would have been $3 in the first quarter of both 2005 and 2004.

     During the quarter ended March 31, 2005, we changed the method used to value stock options grants from the Black-Scholes method to the binomial method. The new method is being applied to stock options granted after December 31, 2004, including approximately 1,800,000 options granted in February 2005. The fair value of prior grants determined using the Black-Scholes method has been retained for those grants. Because the binomial method considers the possibility of early exercises of options, our historical exercise and termination experience, we believe it provides a fair value that is more representative of our experience.

     The fair value of the options granted in February 2005 was $4.28 per share under the binomial method, using a market value at date of grant of $15.94 and the following assumptions: risk-free interest rates of 2.84% to 4.08%, a dividend yield of 2.64%, volatility of 30% to 31.5%, expected forfeitures of 17.5% and an expected life of 6.7 years.

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     The following table presents stock compensation expense currently included in our financial statements related to restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares and stock awards, as well as the pro forma information showing results as if stock option expense had been recorded under the fair value method.

                 
    Three Months  
    Ended March 31,  
    2005     2004  
Stock compensation expense, as reported
  $ 1     $    
Stock option expense, pro forma
    3       3  
 
           
Stock compensation expense, pro forma
  $ 4     $ 3  
 
           
 
               
Net income, as reported
  $ 18     $ 65  
Net income, pro forma
    15       62  
 
               
Basic earnings per share
               
Net income, as reported
  $ 0.12     $ 0.44  
Net income, pro forma
    0.09       0.42  
Diluted earnings per share
               
Net income, as reported
  $ 0.12     $ 0.43  
Net income, pro forma
    0.09       0.41  

Note 5. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

     The components of net periodic benefit costs for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 are shown in the following table.

                 
    Pension Benefits  
    Three Months  
    Ended March 31,  
    2005     2004  
 
Service cost
  $ 13     $ 15  
Interest cost
  $ 40       44  
Expected return on plan assets
    (52 )     (54 )
Amortization of prior service cost
    1       2  
Recognized net actuarial loss
    6       4  
 
Net periodic benefit cost
  $ 8     $ 11  
 
                 
    Other Benefits  
    Three Months  
    Ended March 31,  
    2005     2004  
 
Service cost
  $ 3     $ 3  
Interest cost
    25       27  
Amortization of prior service cost
    (3 )     (3 )
Recognized net actuarial loss
    9       11  
 
Net periodic benefit cost
  $ 34     $ 38  
 

     We made $9 in pension contributions to our defined benefit plans during the three months ended March 31, 2005 and expect to contribute approximately $75 during the last nine months of the year.

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Note 6. Comprehensive Income

     Comprehensive income includes net income and components of other comprehensive income, such as foreign currency translation and minimum pension liability adjustments that are charged or credited directly to shareholders’ equity. The deferred translation loss reported for the three months ended March 31, 2005 was $60 and resulted primarily from the strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to the euro ($39), the British pound ($6), the South African rand ($5) and the Swedish krona ($5). Changes in the relative value of the euro ($14 loss) and the British pound ($10 gain) were largely offsetting during the three months ended March 31, 2004.

     Our total comprehensive income (loss) is as follows:

                 
    Three Months  
    Ended March 31,  
    2005     2004  
Net income
  $ 18     $ 65  
Other comprehensive income (loss):
               
Deferred translation loss
    (60 )     (1 )
Other
    4          
 
               
 
           
Total comprehensive income (loss)
  $ (38 )   $ 64  
 
           

Note 7. Income Taxes

     The effective tax rates for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 were affected primarily by adjustments to the valuation allowances provided against deferred tax assets related to tax loss carryforwards.

     We did not recognize any tax expense on pre-tax profit of $14 for the three months ended March 31, 2005, which differs from the expected expense of $5 at a U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 35%. The primary reason for this difference was a $3 reduction in our valuation allowance against deferred tax assets. The adjustment to the valuation allowance was based primarily on our determination that it was more likely than not that a portion of the tax loss carryforward of one of our non-U.S. subsidiaries would be realized within the applicable carryforward period.

     The $3 income tax benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2004 recognized on pre-tax income of $35 differed from an expected expense provision of $12 at a statutory tax rate of 35%. The primary reason for this difference was a $10 reduction in the valuation allowance against deferred tax assets, as we determined that it was more likely than not that a portion of our capital loss carryforward would be utilized in connection with the sale of Dana Credit Corporation (DCC) assets.

     To the extent that asset sales or other transactional activities result in capital gains, the tax liability on the capital gains is offset by the release of a portion of the valuation allowance recorded against the deferred tax asset related to our existing capital loss carryforward. The release of the valuation allowance is recognized when sales of assets or other capital gain transactions are determined to be more likely than not to occur.

     Deferred tax assets at March 31, 2005, net of valuation allowances, approximated $861, including $723 of U.S. federal and state deferred income taxes. We evaluate the carrying value of deferred tax assets quarterly. Excluding the capital loss carryover, the most significant portion of our deferred tax assets relates to the tax

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benefits recorded for U.S.-based other post-employment employee benefits (OPEB) and net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards in the U.S. Although full realization of our deferred tax assets is not assured, based on our current evaluation, we believe that realization is more likely than not achievable through a combination of improved operating results and changes in our business operating model. Failure to achieve expected results in 2005 or the inability to project such results in the U.S. beyond 2005 may change our assessment regarding the recoverability of these deferred U.S. tax assets and could result in a valuation allowance against such assets.

Note 8. Business Segments

     Our segments for the first quarter of 2005 consist of our business units — the Automotive Systems Group (ASG) and the Heavy Vehicle Technologies and Systems Group (HVTSG) – and DCC.

     In accordance with plans announced in October 2001, we have been divesting DCC’s businesses and assets; these sales continued during the first quarter of 2005. As a result of sales and the continuing collection of payments, DCC’s total portfolio assets were reduced by $75 during the quarter, leaving assets of approximately $755 at March 31, 2005. While we are continuing to pursue the sale of many of the remaining DCC assets, we expect to retain certain assets for varying periods of time because tax attributes and/or market conditions make disposal uneconomical at this time. As of March 31, 2005, our expectation was that we would retain approximately $400 of the $755 of DCC assets held at that date; however, changes in market conditions may result in a change in our expectation. DCC’s retained liabilities include certain asset-specific financing and general obligations that are uneconomical to pay off in advance of their scheduled maturities. We expect that the cash flow generated from DCC assets, including proceeds from asset sales, will be sufficient to service DCC’s debt.

     Management evaluates the operating segments and geographic regions as if DCC were accounted for on the equity method of accounting rather than on the fully consolidated basis used for external reporting. This is done because DCC is not homogeneous with our manufacturing operations, its financing activities do not support the sales of our other operating segments and its financial and performance measures are inconsistent with those of our other operating segments. Moreover, the financial covenants contained in Dana’s long-term bank facility are measured with DCC accounted for on an equity basis.

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     Information used to evaluate the segments and geographic regions is as follows:

                                         
    Three Months Ended March 31,  
            Inter-                     Net  
    External     Segment             Operating     Profit  
    Sales     Sales     EBIT     PAT     (Loss)  
     
2005
                                       
ASG
  $ 1,810     $ 37     $ 59     $ 40     $ 5  
HVTSG
    674       8       40       25       8  
DCC
                            6       6  
Other
    4       1       (59 )     (53 )     (1 )
     
Total operations
    2,488       46       40       18       18  
Unusual items excluded from performance measures
                    (2 )                
     
Consolidated
  $ 2,488     $ 46     $ 38     $ 18     $ 18  
     
 
                                       
North America
  $ 1,586     $ 27     $ 24     $ 12     $ (16 )
Europe
    532       42       38       26       16  
South America
    209       59       22       14       10  
Asia Pacific
    161       5       10       7       3  
DCC
                            6       6  
Other
                    (54 )     (47 )     (1 )
     
Total operations
    2,488       133       40       18       18  
Unusual items excluded from performance measures
                    (2 )                
     
Consolidated
  $ 2,488     $ 133     $ 38     $ 18     $ 18  
     
2004
                                       
     
ASG
  $ 1,712     $ 45     $ 103     $ 71     $ 40  
HVTSG
    578       9       39       24       10  
DCC
                            7       7  
Other
    21       2       (59 )     (52 )     (7 )
     
Total continuing operations
    2,311       56       83       50       50  
Discontinued operations
                    25       13       13  
     
Total operations
    2,311       56       108       63       63  
Unusual items excluded from performance measures
                    (1 )     2       2  
     
Consolidated
  $ 2,311     $ 56     $ 107     $ 65     $ 65  
     
 
                                       
North America
  $ 1,594     $ 27     $ 83     $ 54     $ 25  
Europe
    438       30       30       22       14  
South America
    130       44       18       11       9  
Asia Pacific
    149       1       8       5       2  
DCC
                            7       7  
Other
                    (56 )     (49 )     (7 )
     
Total continuing operations
    2,311       102       83       50       50  
Discontinued operations
                    25       13       13  
     
Total operations
    2,311       102       108       63       63  
Unusual items excluded from performance measures
                    (1 )     2       2  
     
Consolidated
  $ 2,311     $ 102     $ 107     $ 65     $ 65  
     

     Operating profit after tax (PAT) is the key internal measure of performance used by management, including our chief operating decision maker, as a measure of segment profitability. With the exception of DCC, Operating PAT represents earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT), tax-effected at 39% (our estimated long-term effective rate), plus equity in earnings of affiliates. Net Profit (Loss), which is Operating PAT less allocated corporate expenses and net interest expense, provides a secondary measure of profitability for our segments that is more comparable to that of a free-standing entity. The allocation is based on segment sales because it is readily calculable, easily

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understood and, we believe, provides a reasonable distribution of the various components of our corporate expenses among our business units.

     The Other category includes businesses unrelated to the segments, trailing liabilities for closed plants and corporate administrative functions. For purposes of presenting Operating PAT, Other also includes interest expense net of interest income, elimination of inter-segment income and adjustments to reflect the actual effective tax rate. In the Net Profit (Loss) column, Other includes the net profit or loss of businesses not assigned to the segments and closed plants (but not discontinued operations), minority interest in earnings and the tax differential.

     The following table reconciles the EBIT amount reported for our segments, excluding DCC, to our consolidated income before income taxes as presented in the condensed consolidated statement of income.

                 
    Three Months  
    Ended March 31,  
    2005     2004  
EBIT from continuing operations
  $ 40     $ 83  
Unusual items excluded from performance measures
    (2 )     (1 )
Interest expense, excluding DCC
    (35 )     (38 )
Interest income, excluding DCC
    8       2  
DCC pre-tax income (loss)
    3       (11 )
 
           
Income before income taxes
  $ 14     $ 35  
 
           

     Our presentation of segment information includes separate reporting of Unusual items excluded from performance measures. These items include, among other things, gains and losses on divestitures and related expenses and restructuring expenses such as severance, lease continuation and asset impairment charges. The following table describes the Unusual items excluded from performance measures for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.

                                 
    Three Months Ended     Three Months Ended  
    March 31, 2005     March 31, 2004  
    EBIT     OPAT     EBIT     OPAT  
Expenses related to DCC asset sales
  $ (2 )   $ (1 )   $ (1 )   $    
Gain on DCC asset sales
            1               2  
 
                       
 
  $ (2 )   $     $ (1 )   $ 2  
 
                       

     The gains and losses recorded by DCC are not presented as Unusual items excluded from performance measures in the preceding EBIT reconciliation table since we do not include DCC’s results in EBIT for segment reporting. However, the pre-tax portion of such amounts is included within DCC’s pre-tax loss in the table.

Note 9. Discontinued Operations

     In December 2003, we announced our intention to sell substantially all of our Automotive Aftermarket Group (AAG). These operations comprise the discontinued operations reported in our financial statements for the period ended March 31, 2004. The $13 of income of discontinued operations consisted of pre-tax income of $24 and tax expense of $11. The sale of these operations was completed in November 2004 and had no impact on income for the three months ended March 31, 2005.

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Note 10. Cash Deposits

     At March 31, 2005, we maintained cash deposits of $94 to provide credit enhancement for certain lease agreements and to support surety bonds that allow us to self-insure our workers compensation obligations. These financial instruments are expected to be renewed each year. A total of $89 of the deposits may not be withdrawn.

Note 11. Goodwill

     The changes in goodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2005, by segment, were as follows:

                         
    Balance at     Effect of     Balance at  
    December 31,     Currency     March 31,  
    2004     and Other     2005  
ASG
  $ 454     $ (8 )   $ 446  
HVTSG
    123       (1 )     122  
Other
    16               16  
 
                 
 
  $ 593     $ (9 )   $ 584  
 
                 

     Goodwill is included in Investments and other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Note 12. Restructuring of Operations

     The following summarizes the activity in accrued restructuring expenses during the first three months of 2005:

                         
    Employee              
    Termination     Exit        
    Benefits     Costs     Total  
Balance at December 31, 2004
  $ 55     $ 15     $ 70  
 
                       
Activity during the quarter:
                       
Charges to expense
    1       2       3  
Cash payments
    (5 )     (3 )     (8 )
 
                 
Balance at March 31, 2005
  $ 51     $ 14     $ 65  
 
                 

     The above amounts include charges included in operating performance which are related to the continuation of previously announced actions.

     At March 31, 2005, $65 of restructuring charges remained in accrued liabilities. This balance was comprised of $51 for the termination of employees, including the announced termination of approximately 1,100 employees scheduled for the remainder of 2005, and $14 for lease terminations and other exit costs. We estimate the related cash expenditures will be approximately $39 in the remainder of 2005, $18 in 2006 and $8 thereafter. The amount of estimated cash expenditures for each period approximates the midpoint of the estimated range of cash expenditures for such period. We believe that our liquidity and future cash flows will be more than adequate to satisfy these obligations related to our restructuring plans.

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Note 13. Contingencies

     We are a party to various pending judicial and administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. These include, among others, proceedings based on product liability claims and alleged violations of environmental laws. We have reviewed our pending legal proceedings, including the probable outcomes, our reasonably anticipated costs and expenses, the availability and limits of our insurance coverage, and our established reserves for uninsured liabilities. We do not believe that any liabilities that may result from these proceedings are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.

     Asbestos-Related Product Liabilities. We had approximately 120,000 active pending asbestos-related product liability claims at March 31, 2005, compared to 116,000 at December 31, 2004. Included at both dates were 10,000 claims that were settled but awaiting final documentation and payment. We had accrued $143 for indemnity and defense costs for these claims at March 31, 2005, compared to $139 at December 31, 2004. The amounts accrued are based on our assumptions and estimates about the values of the claims and the likelihood of recoveries against us derived from our historical experience and current information. We cannot estimate possible losses in excess of those for which we have accrued because we cannot predict how many additional claims may be brought against us in the future, the allegations in such claims or their probable outcomes.

     We have agreements with our insurance carriers providing for the payment of a significant majority of the defense and indemnity costs for the pending claims, as well as claims which may be filed against us in the future. We had recorded $122 as an asset for probable recovery from our insurers for these claims at March 31, 2005, compared to $118 at December 31, 2004. In addition to amounts related to pending claims, we had a net amount recoverable from our insurers and others of $28 at March 31, 2005, compared to $26 at December 31, 2004. This recoverable represents reimbursements for settled asbestos-related product liability claims and related defense costs, including billings in progress and amounts subject to alternate dispute resolution (ADR) proceedings with some of our insurers.

     Other Product Liabilities – We had accrued $9 for contingent non-asbestos product liability costs at March 31, 2005, compared to $11 at December 31, 2004, with no recovery expected from third parties at either date. The difference between our minimum and maximum estimates for these liabilities was $10 at both March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. We estimate these liabilities based on assumptions about the value of the claims and about the likelihood of recoveries against us, derived from our historical experience and current information. If there is a range of equally probable outcomes, we accrue the lower end of the range.

     Environmental Liabilities – We had accrued $68 for contingent environmental liabilities at March 31, 2005, compared to $71 at December 31, 2004, with an estimated recovery of $10 from other parties recorded at both March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. The difference between our minimum and maximum estimates for these liabilities was $1 at both dates. We estimate these liabilities based on the most probable method of remediation, current laws and regulations, and existing technology. Estimates are made on an undiscounted basis and exclude the effects of inflation. If there is a range of equally probable remediation methods or outcomes, we accrue the lower end of the range.

     Included in these accruals are amounts relating to the Hamilton Avenue Industrial Park Superfund site in New Jersey, where we are now one of four potentially responsible parties (PRPs). The site has three Operable Units. At March 31, 2005, we estimated

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our liability for future remedial work and past costs incurred by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) relating to off-site soil contamination at Unit 1 to be approximately $1, based on the remediation performed at this Unit to date and our assessment of the likely allocation of costs among the PRPs. At that date, we also estimated our liability for future remedial work relating to on-site soil contamination at Unit 2 to be approximately $14, taking into consideration the $69 remedy proposed by the EPA in a Record of Decision issued in September 2004 and our assessment of the most likely remedial activities and allocation of costs among the PRPs, and our liability for the costs of a remedial investigation and feasibility study pertaining to groundwater contamination at Unit 3 to be less than $1, based on our expectations about the study that is likely to be performed and the likely allocation of costs among the PRPs.

     Other Liabilities – Until 2001, most of our asbestos-related claims were administered, defended and settled by the Center for Claims Resolution (CCR), which settled claims for its member companies on a shared settlement cost basis. In that year, the CCR was reorganized and discontinued negotiating shared settlements. Since then, we have independently controlled our legal strategy and settlements, using Peterson Asbestos Consulting Enterprise (PACE), a unit of Navigant Consulting, Inc., to administer our claims, bill our insurance carriers and assist us in claims negotiation and resolution. Some former CCR members defaulted on the payment of their shares of some of the CCR-negotiated settlements and some of the settling claimants have sought payment of the unpaid shares from Dana and the other companies that were members of the CCR at the time of the settlements. We have been working with the CCR, other former CCR members, our insurers, and the claimants to resolve these issues. Due to the application in December 2004 of a portion of the payment received under the previously reported insurance settlement agreement, at March 31, 2005, we expected to pay a total of $50 in connection with these matters, including $47 already paid, and to recover a total of $42, including $29 already received. These amounts are unchanged from those reported as of December 31, 2004.

     Assumptions — The amounts we have recorded for contingent asbestos-related liabilities and recoveries are based on assumptions and estimates reasonably derived from our historical experience and current information. The actual amount of our liability for asbestos-related claims and the effect on Dana could differ materially from our current expectations if our assumptions about the nature of the pending unresolved bodily injury claims and the claims relating to the CCR-negotiated settlements, the costs to resolve those claims and the amount of available insurance and surety bonds prove to be incorrect, or if currently proposed U.S. federal legislation impacting asbestos personal injury claims is enacted.

Note 14. Financing Agreements

     We are party to two interest rate swap agreements under which we have agreed to exchange the difference between fixed rate and floating rate interest amounts on notional amounts corresponding with our August 2011 notes. Converting the fixed interest rate to a variable rate is intended to provide a better balance of fixed and variable rate debt. Our current fixed-for-variable swap agreements have both been designated as fair value hedges of the August 2011 notes. Based on the aggregate fair value of these agreements, we recorded a $4 non-current liability at March 31, 2005, which was offset by a decrease in the carrying value of long-term debt. This adjustment of long-term debt, which does not affect the scheduled principal payments, will fluctuate with the fair value of the agreements and will not be amortized if the swap

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agreements remain open. Additional adjustments to the carrying value of long-term debt resulted from the modification or replacement of swap agreements, which generated cash receipts prior to 2004. These valuation adjustments, which are being amortized as a reduction of interest expense over the remaining life of the notes, totaled $10 at March 31, 2005.

     As of March 31, 2005, the interest rate swap agreements provided for us to receive an average fixed rate of 9.0% on a notional amount of $114 and pay variable rates based on the London interbank offered rate (LIBOR), plus a spread. The average variable rate under these contracts approximated 8.1% as of March 31, 2005. The agreements expire in August 2011.

     On March 4, 2005, we entered into a new $400 long-term credit facility that will mature on March 4, 2010. The return of our bonds to an investment grade rating by two of the major rating agencies, the repurchase of nearly $900 of our outstanding notes and the reduction in amounts available under the accounts receivable securitization program led to the replacement of the prior credit facility ahead of its November 2005 maturity. The interest rates under this new facility equal the London interbank offered rate (LIBOR) or the prime rate, plus a spread that varies depending on our credit ratings. The new facility requires us to meet specified financial ratios as of the end of calendar quarters, including the ratio of net senior debt to tangible net worth; the ratio of earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) less capital spend to interest expense; and the ratio of net senior debt to EBITDA. The initial ratios were: (i) net senior debt to tangible net worth of not more than 1.10:1; (ii) EBITDA (as defined in the facility) minus capital expenditures to interest expense of not less than 2.00:1 through September 30, 2005 and 2.50:1 thereafter; and (iii) net senior debt to EBITDA of not greater than 2.75:1 through September 30, 2005 and 2.50:1 thereafter. Prior to the end of March, we amended the facility and modified the EBITDA minus capital expenditures to interest expense ratio applicable to March 31, 2005 to 1.5:1; the net senior debt to EBITDA ratio requirement as of March 31, 2005 was changed to 3:1. We were in compliance with all the covenants, including the original ratios detailed in (ii) and (iii) above, as of March 31, 2005. The ratio calculations are based on Dana’s consolidated financial statements with DCC accounted for on an equity basis.

     Based primarily on the levels of EBITDA and capital spend in the fourth quarter of 2004 and the first quarter of 2005, we expect that we will be required to further amend the facility to revise the covenants as of June 30 and September 30, 2005 as compliance with these covenants will be determined based on rolling four-quarter results. Noncompliance with these covenants would constitute an event of default, allowing the lenders to accelerate the repayment of any borrowings outstanding under the facility. We have initiated negotiations with the banks regarding the revision of the ratios. While no assurance can be given, we believe that we will be able to successfully negotiate amended covenants. However, if an event of default were to occur under the long-term credit facility, defaults might occur under our other debt instruments. Our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected if we were unable to successfully negotiate amended covenants or obtain waivers on acceptable terms.

     We also have an accounts receivable securitization program. That program was modified in early January 2005 to reduce the maximum borrowing available from $400 to $200, reflecting the formal reduction in the program following the sale of the majority of our automotive aftermarket businesses. We entered into a new program in April that provides up to $275 in borrowings. The amounts available under the program are subject to reduction based on adverse changes in the credit ratings of our customers, customer concentration levels or certain characteristics of the underlying accounts receivable.

Note 15. Warranty Obligations

     We record a liability for estimated warranty obligations at the date products are sold. Adjustments are made as new information becomes available. Changes in our warranty liability for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 follow.

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    Three Months  
    Ended March 31,  
    2005     2004  
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 80     $ 91  
Amounts accrued for current period sales
    8       8  
Adjustments of prior accrual estimates
            1  
Settlements of warranty claims
    (9 )     (10 )
Foreign currency translation
    (1 )        
 
           
Balance, end of period
  $ 78     $ 90  
 
           

     Warranty obligations are reported as current liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Dollars in millions

Market Outlook

Our industry is prone to fluctuations in demand over the business cycle. Production levels in our key markets for the past three years, along with our outlook for 2005, are shown below.

                                 
    Production in Units
                            Dana's  
                            Outlook  
    2002     2003     2004     2005  
     
Light vehicle (in millions):
                               
North America
    16.4       15.9       15.8       15.7  
Europe
    20.8       19.6       20.5       20.7  
Asia Pacific
    18.1       20.5       21.8       22.7  
South America
    1.9       1.9       2.4       2.6  
 
                               
North American commercial vehicle (in thousands):
                               
Medium-duty (Class 5-7)
    189       196       232       256  
Heavy-duty (Class 8)
    181       177       259       293  
 
                               
Off-Highway (in thousands)*
                               
North America
    260       281       325       353  
Europe
    466       452       450       453  
Asia-Pacific
    443       480       526       549  
South America
    55       61       65       69  


    *Wheeled vehicles in construction, agriculture, mining, material handling and forestry applications.

     Although North American light-duty production levels have been relatively stable in recent years, a number of factors are negatively impacting our activity in this market. First-quarter 2005 production levels were down compared to last year. In total, light vehicle production year over year was down about 5%, with light truck production being down about 6% and passenger cars down about 3%. Our primary segment of the market is light trucks. In recent years, the light truck market has generally been stronger than passenger cars as consumer interest in sport utility and crossover vehicles increased. However, negatively impacting today’s light truck market is the higher price of gasoline. The larger sport utility vehicles in particular have experienced a significant drop in demand, with production of a number of these vehicles down year over year more than 20%.

     Negatively impacting us, as well, in this market has been the continuing market share decline experienced by our two biggest customers – Ford and GM. Whereas total light truck production in the first quarter of 2005 is down about 6%, light truck production of Ford and GM vehicles is down about 9% and 14%, respectively. Overall, inventories of light trucks continue to be somewhat higher than normal, raising the possibility of additional production cutbacks over the remainder of 2005. In an effort to minimize continued loss of market share, Ford and GM have continued to use incentives to stimulate sales. As light trucks have been important to Ford and GM profitability, the decline in production and use of incentives have put increasing pressure on their financial performance.

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     A challenge that we and others in the light vehicle market face as a result of their declining profitability is the effect of continued price reduction pressure from our customers. Our largest customers in this market – the U.S.-based OE manufacturers – have experienced market share erosion to other international light vehicle manufacturers over the past few years. The more recent fall off in their light truck demand has intensified the situation even more. To the extent this trend continues, we expect the price reduction pressure will be ongoing. Our restructuring, divestitures and outsourcing initiatives have helped position us for this increasingly competitive landscape. As such, ongoing cost reduction programs, like our lean manufacturing and six sigma blackbelt programs, will continue to be important to improving our margins.

     Given the current environment - high gas prices, higher than normal light truck inventories and the erosion of market share of our biggest customers – there is considerable uncertainty surrounding production levels in this market for the remainder of the year.

     The commercial vehicle market, on the other hand, is relatively strong. In our biggest market, North America, first quarter 2005 Class 8 production approximated 75,000 units, up about 39% from the 54,000 units produced last year. The North American medium-duty commercial vehicle market has similarly been strong, with first quarter 2005 production up about 14% from a year ago. With inventories relatively stable and a strong order backlog, production for the remainder of the year in this market is expected to continue to be strong. A shortage of a key component during March delayed our production of certain heavy axles and adversely affected the volume of our shipments. Production of the component is stabilizing and we expect to reach maximum capacity for several months as we work to reduce the backlog of orders.

     In our other markets – off highway, European commercial and light vehicles and light vehicles in the Asia Pacific and South American regions – we expect either stable or improving production demand in the remainder of 2005.

Commodity Costs

     Steel and other raw material costs have had a significant impact on our results and those of others in our industry this year. With steel particularly, suppliers began assessing price surcharges and increasing base prices during the first quarter of 2004, and these have continued throughout the current year. The surcharges, as well as base prices, which increased over most of 2004, have leveled off in the past two quarters. A frequently used leading indicator for steel cost trends is the Tri-Cities #1 bundles scrap steel price index. Prices on this index more than doubled over the course of 2004 – peaking at $431 per ton in the fourth quarter. At the end of this year’s first quarter, the spot price of scrap steel on this index had declined to $246. The price rose to $269 in early April, but has remained close to that level ever since. With this decline in market scrap prices and some moderation of demand for steel, we are hopeful that steel costs will come down as we move through the year. However, the situation continues to be volatile and uncertain. As such, our forecast for the remainder of the year does not assume a significant drop in steel costs.

     Of our annual $1,200 in steel purchases, about 30% are in the form of raw steel from mills and processors, with the balance coming from components or products containing steel. While leverage is clearly on the side of the steel suppliers at the present time, we are managing the situation by consolidating purchases and taking advantage of OE manufacturers’ resale programs where possible. We are also working with our customers to recover the cost of steel increases, either in the form of increased selling prices or reductions in price-downs that they expect from us.

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     For the three months ended March 31, 2005, steel cost surcharges and price increases, net of recoveries from our customers, reduced our net income by approximately $32 as compared to the first quarter of 2004.

Other Key Factors

     Given the margin pressure from today’s higher raw material costs and the continued pricing demands of our customers, an area of critical focus for us is reducing our cost structure. Actions underway today include global purchasing initiatives, deployment of lean manufacturing techniques, standardizing administrative processes and pursuing value engineering activities by working with our customers to redesign existing components.

     In our markets, concentration of business with certain customers is common, so our efforts to achieve additional diversification are important. In the light vehicle market, we have been successful in gaining new business with several international manufacturers over the past few years. We expect greater customer diversity as more of this business comes on stream and we gain additional business with these customers.

     Broadening our global presence is also increasingly important. Global sourcing presents opportunities to improve our competitive cost position, as well as to take advantage of the higher expected growth in emerging markets such as China and India.

     Another key factor in our future success is technology. We are continuing to invest in advanced product and process technologies as we believe that they, as much as any factor, are critical to improving our competitive position and profitability. In keeping with these efforts, our recent moves to focus even more on our core OE markets will enable us to capitalize on the continuing trends toward modularity and systems integration in these markets.

New Business

     Another major focus for us today is growing our top line – revenue – faster and profitably.

     In the OE vehicular business, new programs are generally awarded to suppliers well in advance of the expected start of production. The amount of lead time varies based on the nature of the product, size of the program and required start-up investment. The awarding of new business usually coincides with model changes on the part of vehicle manufacturers. Given the cost and service concerns associated with changing suppliers, we expect to retain any awarded business over the vehicle life, which is typically several years.

     We expect net new business to contribute approximately $470 to our 2005 sales and a total of $1,100 in 2005 through 2007. The majority of this new business is outside North America with non-Big Three customers. Our efforts continued during this year’s first quarter, as we added $170 to our net new business coming on stream in the future. We are currently pursuing a number of additional opportunities which could further increase new business coming on stream for 2005, 2006 and later years.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flows (First Three Months 2005 versus First Three Months 2004)

                         
    Three Months        
    Ended March 31,     Dollar  
    2005     2004     Change  
Cash Flows — Operating Activities:
                       
Net income
  $ 18     $ 65     $ (47 )
Depreciation and amortization
    83       93       (10 )
Gains on divestitures and asset sales
    (1 )     (4 )     3  
Increase in operating working capital
    (266 )     (222 )     (44 )
Other
    (37 )     6       (43 )
     
Net cash flows used in operating activities
  $ (203 )   $ (62 )   $ (141 )
     

     Net income for the first three months of 2005 dropped significantly when compared to the first quarter of 2004 with the effect of steel price increases accounting for $32 of the decline and the divestiture of the automotive aftermarket businesses – accounted for as discontinued operations in 2004 – another $13. Depreciation and amortization was $10 lower in the first quarter of 2005, primarily the result of the recent divestiture of our automotive aftermarket businesses. Working capital increased as seasonal factors pushed trade receivables higher by $235. We also purchased larger amounts of steel as a precaution against shortages and prepared to meet the backlog related to a component shortage, key factors behind an $84 increase in inventory. The Other component in 2005 includes unremitted equity earnings, deferred tax benefits and a decrease in deferred compensation. Overall, cash flows used in operations totaled $203 in the first three months of 2005, a $141 increase from the $62 used in the same period in 2004.

                         
    2005     2004     Change  
Cash Flows — Investing Activities:
                       
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
  $ (70 )   $ (79 )   $ 9  
Payments received on leases and loans
    4       4        
Proceeds from asset sales
    35       103       (68 )
Payments from partnerships
    64       6       58  
Other
    1       (5 )     6  
     
Net cash flows from investing activities
  $ 34     $ 29     $ 5  
     

     Capital spending in the first quarter of 2005 was $9 less than the expenditures made in the comparable period in 2004 as we maintained tight control over expenditures. Proceeds from asset sales were significantly below the $103 generated in the same period in 2004; however, the vast majority of payments received from partnerships represent proceeds from the sale of assets by a DCC investee. Overall, we generated $34 from our investing activities in the first quarter of 2005, slightly more than the $29 generated in the comparable period in 2004.

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    2005     2004     Change  
Cash Flows — Financing Activities:
                       
Net change in short-term debt
  $ 164     $ 115     $ 49  
Payments of long-term debt
    (20 )     (259 )     239  
Issuance of long-term debt
            5       (5 )
Dividends paid
    (18 )     (18 )      
Other
    (1 )     5       (6 )
     
Net cash flows from (used in) financing activities
  $ 125     $ (152 )   $ 277  
     

     We made draws on the accounts receivable securitization program and the long-term facility to meet our working capital needs during the first quarter of 2005. The remainder of our debt transactions was generally limited to $20 of debt repayments, including a $10 scheduled payment at DCC, while dividend payments were even with the first quarter of 2004.

     Our estimate of cash outlays related to restructuring activities is approximately $39 for the remainder of 2005. Exclusive of our restructuring activities, we expect to reduce working capital by $100 for the year.

Financing Activities – Committed and uncommitted credit lines enable us to make borrowings to supplement the cash flow generated by our operations. Excluding DCC, we had committed and uncommitted borrowing lines of $1,173 at March 31, 2005. This amount included our new long-term credit facility in the amount of $400, which matures in March 2010. The interest rates under this facility equal the London interbank offered rate (LIBOR) or the bank prime rate, plus a spread that varies depending on our credit ratings. We also have an accounts receivable securitization program to help meet our periodic demands for short-term financing. The program in place at March 31, 2005 provided up to a maximum of $200 in borrowings, reflecting a formal reduction in the program following the sale of the majority of our automotive aftermarket businesses. We entered into a new program in April that provides up to $275 in borrowings. The amount available under the new program is subject to reduction based on adverse changes in the credit ratings of our customers, customer concentration levels or certain characteristics of the underlying accounts receivable. This program is subject to possible termination by the lenders in the event our credit ratings are lowered below Ba3 by Moody’s and BB- by S&P. As of March 31, 2005, we were rated Ba2 by Moody’s and BBB- by S&P. At March 31, 2005, borrowings outstanding under the various Dana lines consisted of $87 drawn by non-U.S. subsidiaries against uncommitted lines, $100 outstanding under the accounts receivable program and $75 under the long-term credit facility.

     Dana’s long-term credit facility requires us to attain specified financial ratios as of the end of certain specified quarters, including the ratio of net senior debt to tangible net worth; the ratio of earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) less capital spend to interest expense; and the ratio of net senior debt to EBITDA, with all terms as defined in the long-term credit facility. Specifically, the ratios are: (i) net senior debt to tangible net worth of not more than 1.1:1; (ii) EBITDA (as defined in the facility) minus capital expenditures to interest expense of not less than 1.5:1 at March 31, 2005, 2:1 at June 30 and September 30, 2005 and 2.5:1 at December 31, 2005 and thereafter; and (iii) net senior debt to EBITDA of not greater than 3:1 at March 31, 2005, 2.75:1 at June 30 and September 30, 2005 and 2.5:1 at December 31, 2005 and thereafter. The facility was initially amended during March 2005 to modify two of the ratio requirements at March 31, 2005. The EBITDA minus capital expenditures to

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interest expense ratio was changed from 2:1 to 1.5:1 and the requirement under the net senior debt to EBITDA ratio was changed from 2.75:1 to 3:1. The ratio calculations are based on Dana’s consolidated financial statements with DCC accounted for on an equity basis. We were in compliance with all ratio requirements at March 31, 2005, including the covenants that existed prior to the March amendment.

     Based primarily on the levels of EBITDA and capital spend in the fourth quarter of 2004 and the first quarter of 2005, we expect that we will be required to further amend the facility to revise the covenants as of June 30 and September 30, 2005 as compliance with these covenants will be determined based on rolling four-quarter results. Noncompliance with these covenants would constitute an event of default, allowing the lenders to accelerate the repayment of any borrowings outstanding under the facility. We have initiated negotiations with the banks regarding the revision of the ratios. While no assurance can be given, we believe that we will be able to successfully negotiate amended covenants. However, if an event of default were to occur under the long-term credit facility, defaults might occur under our other debt instruments. Our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected if we were unable to successfully negotiate amended covenants or obtain waivers on acceptable terms.

     We expect our cash flows from operations, combined with our long-term credit facility, amended as contemplated above, and our accounts receivable securitization program, to provide sufficient liquidity to fund our debt service obligations, projected working capital requirements, restructuring obligations and capital spending for a period that includes the next twelve months.

Hedging Activities — At March 31, 2005, we had a number of open forward contracts to hedge against certain anticipated cross-currency purchase and sale commitments. These forward contracts are for a short duration and none extends beyond the first quarter of 2006. The aggregate fair value of these contracts is a favorable amount of less than $1. These contracts have been valued by independent financial institutions using the exchange spot rates on March 31, 2005, plus or minus quoted forward basis points, to determine a settlement value for each contract.

     In order to provide a better balance of fixed and variable rate debt, we have two interest rate swap agreements in place to effectively convert the fixed interest rate on a portion of our August 2011 notes to variable rates. These swap agreements have been designated as fair value hedges and the impact of the change in their value is offset by an equal and opposite change in the carrying value of the notes. Under these agreements, we receive an average fixed rate of interest of 9.0% on notional amounts of $114 and we pay a variable rate based on LIBOR, plus a spread. As of March 31, 2005, the average variable rate under these agreements was 8.1%. The swap agreements expire in August 2011, coinciding with the term of the hedged notes. Based on the aggregate fair value of these agreements at March 31, 2005, we recorded a non-current liability of $4 and offset the carrying value of long-term debt. This adjustment of long-term debt, which does not affect the scheduled principal payments, will fluctuate with the fair value of the swap agreements and will not be amortized if the swap agreements remain open.

Cash Obligations — Under various agreements, we are obligated to make future cash payments in fixed amounts. These include payments under our long-term debt agreements, rent payments required under operating lease agreements and payments for equipment, other fixed assets and certain raw materials.

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     The following table summarizes our fixed cash obligations over various future periods as of March 31, 2005.

                                         
    Payments Due by Period  
            Less than 1     1 - 3     4 - 5     After 5  
Contractual Cash Obligations   Total     Year     Years     Years     Years  
Principal of Long-Term Debt
  $ 2,049     $ 44     $ 557     $ 431     $ 1,017  
Operating Leases
    410       78       124       94       114  
Unconditional Purchase Obligations
    92       85       7                  
Other Long-Term Liabilities
    1,382       211       260       264       647  
 
                             
 
                                       
Total Contractual Cash Obligations
  $ 3,933     $ 418     $ 948     $ 789     $ 1,778  
 
                             

     The unconditional purchase obligations presented are comprised principally of commitments for procurement of fixed assets and the purchase of raw materials.

     We have a number of sourcing arrangements with suppliers for various component parts used in the assembly of certain of our products. These arrangements include agreements to procure certain outsourced components that we had manufactured ourselves in earlier years. These agreements do not contain any specific minimum quantities that we must order in any given year, but generally require that we purchase the specific component exclusively from the supplier over the term of the agreement. Accordingly, our cash obligations under these agreements are not fixed.

     Other Long-Term Liabilities include estimated obligations under our retiree healthcare programs and the estimated 2005 contributions to our U.S. defined benefit pension plans. Obligations under the retiree healthcare programs are not fixed commitments and will vary depending on various factors, including the level of participant utilization and inflation. Our estimates of the payments to be made through 2009 considered recent payment trends and certain of our actuarial assumptions. We have not estimated pension contributions beyond 2005 due to the significant impact that return on plan assets and changes in discount rates might have on such amounts.

     In addition to fixed cash commitments, we may have future cash payment obligations under arrangements where we are contingently obligated if certain events occur or conditions were present. We have guaranteed $1 of short-term borrowings of a non-U.S. affiliate accounted for under the equity method of accounting. We have also guaranteed the performance of a wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary under several operating leases. The operating leases require the subsidiary to make monthly payments at specified amounts and guarantee, up to a stated amount, the residual value of the assets at the end of the lease. The guarantees are for periods of from five to seven years or until termination of the lease. We have recorded a liability and corresponding prepaid amount of $3 relating to these guarantees. In the event of a default by our subsidiary, we would be required to fulfill its obligations under the operating lease.

     We procure tooling from a variety of suppliers. In certain instances, in lieu of making progress payments on tooling that our customer will eventually own, we may guarantee a tooling supplier’s obligations under its credit facility secured by the specific tooling purchase order. Our

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Board authorization permits us to issue tooling guarantees up to $80 for these programs. There were no guarantees outstanding under these programs at March 31, 2005.

     Included in cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2005 are cash deposits of $94 to provide credit enhancement of certain lease agreements and to support surety bonds that allow us to self-insure our workers compensation obligations. A total of $89 of the deposits may not be withdrawn. These financial instruments are expected to be renewed each year. We accrue the estimated liability for workers compensation claims, including incurred but not reported claims. Accordingly, no significant impact on our financial condition would result if the surety bonds were called.

     In connection with certain of our divestitures, there may be future claims and proceedings instituted or asserted against us relative to the period of our ownership or pursuant to indemnifications or guarantees provided in connection with the respective transactions. The estimated maximum potential amount of payments under these obligations is not determinable due to the significant number of divestitures and lack of a stated maximum liability for certain matters. In some cases, we have insurance coverage available to satisfy claims related to the divested businesses. We believe that payments, if any, in excess of amounts provided or insured related to such matters are not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.

Contingencies – We are a party to various pending judicial and administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. These include, among others, proceedings based on product liability claims and alleged violations of environmental laws. We have reviewed our pending legal proceedings, including the probable outcomes, our reasonably anticipated costs and expenses, the availability and limits of our insurance coverage, and our established reserves for uninsured liabilities. We do not believe that any liabilities that may result from these proceedings are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.

Asbestos-Related Product Liabilities. We had approximately 120,000 active pending asbestos-related product liability claims at March 31, 2005, compared to 116,000 at December 31, 2004. Included at both dates were 10,000 claims that were settled but awaiting final documentation and payment. We had accrued $143 for indemnity and defense costs for these claims at March 31, 2005, compared to $139 at December 31, 2004. The amounts accrued are based on our assumptions and estimates about the values of the claims and the likelihood of recoveries against us derived from our historical experience and current information. We cannot estimate possible losses in excess of those for which we have accrued because we cannot predict how many additional claims may be brought against us in the future, the allegations in such claims or their probable outcomes.

     We have agreements with our insurance carriers providing for the payment of a significant majority of the defense and indemnity costs for the pending claims, as well as claims which may be filed against us in the future. We had recorded $122 as an asset for probable recovery from our insurers for these claims at March 31, 2005, compared to $118 at December 31, 2004. In addition to amounts related to pending claims, we had a net amount recoverable from our insurers and others of $28 at March 31, 2005, compared to $26 at December 31, 2004. This recoverable represents reimbursements for settled asbestos-related product liability claims and related defense costs, including billings in progress and amounts subject to alternate dispute resolution (ADR) proceedings with some of our insurers.

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Other Product Liabilities – We had accrued $9 for contingent non-asbestos product liability costs at March 31, 2005, compared to $11 at December 31, 2004, with no recovery expected from third parties at either date. The difference between our minimum and maximum estimates for these liabilities was $10 at both March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. We estimate these liabilities based on assumptions about the value of the claims and about the likelihood of recoveries against us, derived from our historical experience and current information. If there is a range of equally probable outcomes, we accrue the lower end of the range.

Environmental Liabilities – We had accrued $68 for contingent environmental liabilities at March 31, 2005, compared to $71 at December 31, 2004, with an estimated recovery of $10 from other parties recorded at both March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. The difference between our minimum and maximum estimates for these liabilities was $1 at both dates. We estimate these liabilities based on the most probable method of remediation, current laws and regulations, and existing technology. Estimates are made on an undiscounted basis and exclude the effects of inflation. If there is a range of equally probable remediation methods or outcomes, we accrue the lower end of the range.

     Included in these accruals are amounts relating to the Hamilton Avenue Industrial Park Superfund site in New Jersey, where we are now one of four potentially responsible parties (PRPs). The site has three Operable Units. At March 31, 2005, we estimated our liability for future remedial work and past costs incurred by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) relating to off-site soil contamination at Unit 1 to be approximately $1, based on the remediation performed at this Unit to date and our assessment of the likely allocation of costs among the PRPs. At that date, we also estimated our liability for future remedial work relating to on-site soil contamination at Unit 2 to be approximately $14, taking into consideration the $69 remedy proposed by the EPA in a Record of Decision issued in September 2004 and our assessment of the most likely remedial activities and allocation of costs among the PRPs, and our liability for the costs of a remedial investigation and feasibility study pertaining to groundwater contamination at Unit 3 to be less than $1, based on our expectations about the study that is likely to be performed and the likely allocation of costs among the PRPs.

Other Liabilities – Until 2001, most of our asbestos-related claims were administered, defended and settled by the Center for Claims Resolution (CCR), which settled claims for its member companies on a shared settlement cost basis. In that year, the CCR was reorganized and discontinued negotiating shared settlements. Since then, we have independently controlled our legal strategy and settlements, using Peterson Asbestos Consulting Enterprise (PACE), a unit of Navigant Consulting, Inc., to administer our claims, bill our insurance carriers and assist us in claims negotiation and resolution. Some former CCR members defaulted on the payment of their shares of some of the CCR-negotiated settlements and some of the settling claimants have sought payment of the unpaid shares from Dana and the other companies that were members of the CCR at the time of the settlements. We have been working with the CCR, other former CCR members, our insurers, and the claimants to resolve these issues. Due to the application in December 2004 of a portion of the payment received under the previously reported insurance settlement agreement, at March 31, 2005, we expected to pay a total of $50 in connection with these matters, including $47 already paid, and to recover a total of $42, including $29 already received. These amounts are unchanged from those reported as of December 31, 2004.

Assumptions – The amounts we have recorded for contingent asbestos-related liabilities and recoveries are based on assumptions and estimates reasonably derived from our historical experience and current information. The actual amount of our liability

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for asbestos-related claims and the effect on Dana could differ materially from our current expectations if our assumptions about the nature of the pending unresolved bodily injury claims and the claims relating to the CCR-negotiated settlements, the costs to resolve those claims and the amount of available insurance and surety bonds prove to be incorrect, or if currently proposed U.S. federal legislation impacting asbestos personal injury claims is enacted.

Critical Accounting Estimates

General

     The preparation of interim financial statements involves the use of certain estimates that differ from those used in the preparation of the annual financial statements, the most significant of which relates to income taxes. For purposes of preparing our interim financial statements we utilize an estimated annual effective tax rate for ordinary items that is re-evaluated each period based on changes in the components used to determine the annual effective rate.

Change in Stock Option Valuation Method

     As discussed in Note 2, we modified the method used to determine the fair value of stock options in the first quarter of 2005 to the binomial method. Our critical accounting estimates, as described in our 2004 Form 10-K, are unchanged.

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Results of Operations (First Quarter 2005 versus First Quarter 2004)

     We are organized into two market-focused business units - Automotive Systems Group (ASG) and Heavy Vehicle Technologies and Systems Group (HVTSG). Accordingly, our segments are our business units and DCC.

     Sales of our continuing operations by region for the first quarter of 2005 and 2004 were as follows:

                                                         
                                    Dollar Change Due To  
    Three Months                                     Organic  
    Ended March 31,     Dollar     %     Currency     Acquisitions/     Change &  
    2005     2004     Change     Change     Effects     Divestitures     Other  
 
North America
  $ 1,586     $ 1,594     $ (8 )     (1 )%   $ 16             $ (24 )
 
                                                       
Europe
    532       438       94       21 %     26               68  
 
                                                       
South America
    209       130       79       61 %     15               64  
 
                                                       
Asia Pacific
    161       149       12       8 %     3       9        
 
                                           
 
  $ 2,488     $ 2,311     $ 177       8 %   $ 60     $ 9     $ 108  
 
                                           

     Organic change presented in the table is the residual change in sales after excluding the effects of acquisitions, divestitures and currency movements. The strengthening of certain international currencies against the U.S. dollar since the first quarter of 2004 played a significant role in increasing our 2005 sales. In North America, the stronger Canadian dollar helped cushion the sales decline, but overall sales in the region were down. In Europe, the euro and the British pound strengthened, while in Asia Pacific the increase was led by the effect of the stronger Australian dollar.

     The net decrease in organic sales in North America is due primarily to lower production levels in the light vehicle market. First quarter production of all light vehicles was down approximately 5%. Production in the light truck segment – our primary light-duty market – was down by about 6%. Partially offsetting the sales decline associated with lower light vehicle production were higher production levels in both the medium-duty and heavy-duty commercial vehicle markets. The Class 8 commercial vehicle market in North America experienced an increase in production to approximately 75,000 units in the first quarter of 2005 from 54,000 units in the same period in 2004. While not as significant as in the Class 8 segment, growth in the medium-duty segment was also strong as unit production increased around 14% from the same period last year.

     In Europe, the organic sales growth resulted from stronger commercial vehicle and off-highway markets, and from new business that came on stream in 2004 and 2005. In South America, the organic sales increase reflects new business in ASG as well as stronger light vehicle production.

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     Sales by segment for 2005 and 2004 are presented in the following table. DCC did not record sales in either year. The “Other” category in the table represents facilities that have been closed or sold and operations not assigned to a segment, but excludes discontinued operations.

Business Unit Sales Analysis

                                                         
                                    Dollar Change Due To  
    Three Months                                     Organic  
    Ended March 31,     Dollar     %     Currency     Acquisitions/     Change &  
    2005     2004     Change     Change     Effects     Divestitures     Other  
 
ASG
  $ 1,810     $ 1,712     $ 98       6 %   $ 46     $ 9     $ 43  
 
                                                       
HVTSG
    674       578       96       17 %     14               82  
 
                                                       
Other
    4       21       (17 )     (81 )%                   (17 )
 
                                           
 
  $ 2,488     $ 2,311     $ 177       8 %   $ 60     $ 9     $ 108  
 
                                           

     ASG principally serves the light vehicle market, with some driveshaft sales to the commercial vehicle market. The organic sales increase was due primarily to the stronger commercial vehicle market, which experienced higher Class 8 production of about 39% and higher medium-duty production of around 14% in North America and stronger overall light-duty markets in South America and Asia Pacific. This more than offset the lower production levels in ASG’s primary market – the North American light truck market – which was down about 6% compared to the first quarter of last year.

     HVTSG focuses on the commercial vehicle and off highway markets. More than 90% of HVTSG’s sales are in North America and Europe. In the commercial vehicle markets in both North America and Europe, production levels were much stronger, with the North American Class 8 and medium-duty segments being up significantly, as previously noted. In off highway, global production levels in our key market segments, including construction, agricultural and material handling, are up about _% in 2005. Most of our sales are in North America and Europe where certain segments are experiencing even higher production demands. Our off highway business is also benefiting from new customer programs which added to current year sales.

                         
                    Dollar  
    2005     2004     Change  
Revenue from lease financing and other income (expense)
  $ 32     $ 14     $ 18  

     Leasing revenue is $7 higher, primarily due to last year’s results including pre-tax losses on the sale of lease assets by DCC. Interest income increased $5, due in part to interest on a note receivable obtained in connection with our sale of the majority of our automotive aftermarket businesses in November 2004.

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     An analysis of our 2005 and 2004 gross and operating margins and selling, general and administrative expenses relative to sales is presented in the following table.

Gross and Operating Margin Analysis

Three Months Ended March 31,
                                 
    As a Percentage of Sales     Increase /     %  
    2005     2004     (Decrease)     Change  
     
Gross Margin:
                               
ASG
    6.40 %     9.10 %     (2.70 )%     (29.67 )%
HVTSG
    10.19 %     12.45 %     (2.26 )%     (18.15 )%
Consolidated
    6.49 %     8.92 %     (2.43 )%     (27.24 )%
 
                               
Selling, general and administrative expenses:
                               
ASG
    3.96 %     3.84 %     0.12 %     3.13 %
HVTSG
    4.98 %     5.81 %     (0.83 )%     (14.29 )%
Consolidated
    5.47 %     5.80 %     (0.33 )%     (5.69 )%
 
                               
Operating margin:
                               
ASG
    2.44 %     5.26 %     (2.82 )%     (53.61 )%
HVTSG
    5.20 %     6.64 %     (1.44 )%     (21.69 )%
Consolidated
    1.02 %     3.12 %     (2.10 )%     (67.31 )%

     In the ASG, the reduction in gross margins was due mainly to a year-over-year increase in steel costs of $38. Outside North America, ASG had some success recovering higher steel costs from customers. However, the major North American automotive companies have generally resisted accepting any price increases associated with steel surcharges. Adjusting for the higher steel costs, ASG’s gross margins in 2005 would have been 8.50%. Although sales were higher, the mix of business, pricing reductions, and inflationary cost increases also negatively impacted 2005 margins. The negative impact to margin from these factors was partially offset by various process cost reduction initiatives from programs like lean manufacturing and Six Sigma.

     HVTSG margins were similarly reduced by higher year-over-year steel costs, net of customer recoveries, of approximately $14. Removing the impact of higher net steel costs, HVTSG gross margins were 12.27%. Additionally, margins were negatively impacted by a component shortage from a principal supplier in March of this year which resulted in reduced shipments of heavy-duty axles and higher operating costs. Absent these two factors, gross margins in HVTSG exceeded those of the prior year, as the group benefited from overall higher sales.

     Consolidated selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses of $136 in the first quarter of 2005 were up from $134 in the comparative period in 2004. SG&A expenses within our manufacturing operations remained flat as a percentage of sales. Within the gradual phase-out of our leasing operations, SG&A expenses at DCC were lower, resulting in a lower consolidated SG&A expense as a percent of sales.

                         
                    Dollar  
    2005     2004     Change  
Income before income taxes
  $ 14     $ 35     $ (21 )

     Operating margin was $24 in the first quarter of 2005, down from $72 in the same period in 2004. As discussed previously, gross margins in our two manufacturing business segments were negatively impacted by higher steel cost, net of customer

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recoveries, of $52. The lower operating margin was partially offset by higher other income of $18 (previously discussed) and by lower interest expense of $8 due primarily to lower overall debt levels.

                         
                    Dollar  
    2005     2004     Change  
Income tax benefit
  $     $ 3     $ (3 )

     We recognized income tax benefits in the first quarter of both 2005 and 2004 that resulted in net tax provisions that were more favorable than would be expected at the U.S. statutory rate of 35%. The income tax benefit of less than $1 reported for the first quarter of 2005 was $5 more favorable than the expense expected using a 35% rate. The primary factor generating this additional benefit was the release of $4 of valuation allowances against tax assets resulting from net operating losses of our Japanese subsidiary whose profitability outlook was determined to no longer require any valuation allowance. For the same period in 2004, the income tax benefit of $3 was $15 more favorable than an anticipated expense provision of $12 derived by applying a 35% rate. The most significant favorable impact in 2004 related to utilization of capital loss carryforwards. Since the benefit of capital losses can only be realized by generating capital gains, a valuation allowance was recorded against the deferred tax asset representing the unused capital loss benefit. The valuation allowance is subsequently reduced when transactions generating capital gains occur, or are more likely than not to occur. The estimated annual effective tax rate estimated for interim tax purposes does not include any estimate for the utilization of the capital loss carryforward because we treat qualifying asset sales as discrete events. During the first quarter of 2004, we released $10 of the valuation allowance against our capital loss carryforward due primarily to the sale of certain DCC assets.

                         
                    Dollar  
    2005     2004     Change  
Equity in earnings of affiliates
  $ 7     $ 17     $ (10 )

     Equity earnings from our two largest equity affiliates were down $8, due primarily to higher costs for steel and other raw materials and lower sales volume.

Forward-Looking Information

     Forward-looking statements in this report are indicated by words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “believes,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “projects” and similar expressions. These statements represent our expectations based on current information and assumptions. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those which are anticipated or projected due to a number of factors. These factors include national and international economic conditions; adverse effects from terrorism or hostilities; the strength of other currencies relative to the U.S. dollar; increases in commodity costs, including steel, that cannot be recouped in product pricing; changes in business relationships with our major customers and in the timing, size and continuation of their programs; the ability of our customers and suppliers to achieve their projected sales and production levels; the continued availability of necessary goods and services from our suppliers; competitive pressures on our sales and pricing; the continued success of our cost reduction and cash management programs, long-term transformation and U.S. tax loss carryforward utlilization strategies and other factors set out elsewhere in this report, including those discussed under the captions Financing Activities and Contingencies within Liquidity and Capital Resources.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

     There have been no material changes to our exposures to market risk since December 31, 2004.

     The financing activities of the first three months of 2005 are described in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations within this Form 10-Q.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

     Our Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO) have evaluated Dana’s disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in the SEC rules, as of the end of the first quarter and have concluded that such controls and procedures are effective.

     There were no changes in Dana’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation by the CEO and CFO that occurred during Dana’s first quarter that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect Dana’s internal controls over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

     We are a party to various pending judicial and administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. After reviewing the proceedings that are currently pending (including the probable outcomes, reasonably anticipated costs and expenses, availability and limits of our insurance coverage, and our established reserves for uninsured liabilities), we do not believe that any liabilities that may result from these proceedings are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, financial condition or results of operations.

     Since our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004, there have not been any material developments in our previously reported pending litigation and environmental proceedings or any new litigation or environmental proceedings that are required to be reported in this quarterly report.

     You can find more information about our legal proceedings under “Note 13. Contingencies” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

                 
    Total     Average  
    Number of     Price  
    Shares     Paid per  
Period   Purchased     Share  
January 2005
    2,882     $ 16.94  
February 2005
           
March 2005
    17,520       14.36  
 
           
 
    20,402     $ 14.72  
 
           

     The above shares were repurchased in connection with (1) the vesting of restricted stock grants to satisfy the required payment of withheld income taxes and (2) the exercise of stock options to satisfy the payment of the exercise price and/or withheld income taxes.

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

     The results of voting by shareholders present in person or represented by proxy at our annual meeting on April 18, 2005 are as follows.

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     Proposal 1. Election of Directors. The following persons were elected to serve as directors of Dana until the next annual meeting or until their successors are elected:

                 
    Votes For   Votes Withheld  
A. C. Baillie
  124,046,713       3,244,995    
D. E. Berges
  124,504,730       2,786,978    
M. J. Burns
  123,401,140       3,890,568    
E. M. Carpenter
  123,464,933       3,826,775    
R. M. Gabrys
  124,475,264       2,816,444    
S. G. Gibara
  124,451,162       2,840,545    
C. W. Grisé
  124,504,602       2,787,105    
J. P. Kelly
  124,538,597       2,753,111    
M. R. Marks
  122,846,749       4,444,958    
R. B. Priory
  124,453,269       2,838,438    

     Proposal 2. Ratification of Selection of Independent Auditors. The selection of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as Dana’s independent auditors for fiscal year 2005 was ratified. There were 124,695,595 votes for ratification, 2,368,217 votes against, 227,895 votes abstaining and no broker non-votes.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

     The Exhibits listed in the “Exhibit Index” are filed with or furnished as a part of this report. Exhibit No. 10-D(3) is a compensatory plan in which directors participate.

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SIGNATURE

     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
         
  DANA CORPORATION
 
 
Date: May 6, 2005  /s/ Robert C. Richter    
  Robert C. Richter   
  Chief Financial Officer   

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EXHIBIT INDEX

         
NO.   DESCRIPTION   METHOD OF FILING
4-T
  Indenture for Senior Securities between Dana Corporation, as Issuer, and Citibank, N.A., as Trustee, dated as of December 10, 2004   Filed by reference to Exhibit 4-T to Amendment No. 1 to our Registration Statement No. 333-123924 filed on April 25, 2005
 
       
4-T(1)
  First Supplemental Indenture between Dana Corporation, as Issuer, and Citibank, N.A., as Trustee, dated as of December 10, 2004   Filed by reference to Exhibit 4-T(1) to Amendment No. 1 to our Registration Statement No. 333-123924 on filed April 25, 2005
 
       
4-T(2)
  Form of Rule 144A Global Notes and Regulation S Global Notes (form of exchange securities) for 5.85% Notes due January 15, 2015   Filed by reference to Exhibit 4T(2) to Amendment No. 1 to our Registration Statement No. 333-123924 filed on April 25, 2005
 
       
10-D(3)
  Third Amendment to Director Deferred Fee Plan   Filed by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to our Form 8-K filed on April 12, 2005
 
       
10-U(1)
  Sale and Purchase Agreement for the Acquisition of Fifty Percent (50%) of the Registered Capital of Dongfeng Axle Co., Ltd. among Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd., Dongfeng (Shiyan) Industrial Company, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Dana Mauritius Limited, dated March 10, 2005   Filed with this report
 
       
10-U(2)
  Equity Joint Venture Contract between Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. and Dana Mauritius Limited, dated March 10, 2005   Filed with this report
 
       
10-V
  Human Resources Management and Administration Master Services Agreement between Dana Corporation and International Business Machines Corporation, dated March 31, 2005   Filed with this report
 
       
31-A
  Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by Chief Executive Officer   Filed with this report
 
       
31-B
  Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by Chief Financial Officer   Filed with this report
 
       
32
  Section 1350 Certifications   Furnished with this report

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