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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
(MARK ONE)
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2003
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _____________ TO______________
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 000-31167
GENENCOR INTERNATIONAL, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
----------------
DELAWARE 16-1362385
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (I.R.S. EMPLOYER
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) IDENTIFICATION NUMBER)
925 PAGE MILL ROAD
PALO ALTO, CALIFORNIA 94304
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES) (ZIP CODE)
REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: (650) 846-7500
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:
COMMON STOCK, PAR VALUE $0.01
(TITLE OF CLASS)
------------
INDICATE BY CHECK MARK WHETHER THE REGISTRANT (1) HAS FILED ALL REPORTS
REQUIRED TO BE FILED BY SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934 DURING THE PRECEDING 12 MONTHS (OR FOR SUCH SHORTER PERIOD THAT THE
REGISTRANT WAS REQUIRED TO FILE SUCH REPORT(s), AND (2) HAS BEEN SUBJECT TO SUCH
FILING REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PAST 90 DAYS.
YES [X] NO [ ]
INDICATE BY CHECK MARK IF DISCLOSURE OF DELINQUENT FILERS PURSUANT TO ITEM
405 OF REGULATION S-K IS NOT CONTAINED HEREIN, AND WILL NOT BE CONTAINED, TO THE
BEST OF REGISTRANT'S KNOWLEDGE, IN DEFINITIVE PROXY OR INFORMATION STATEMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN PART III OF THIS FORM 10-K OR ANY AMENDMENT TO THIS
FORM 10-K.
[ ]
INDICATE BY CHECK MARK WHETHER THE REGISTRANT IS AN ACCELERATED FILER
(AS DEFINED IN RULE 12b-2 OF THE EXCHANGE ACT).
YES [X] NO [ ]
------------
THE AGGREGATE MARKET VALUE (BASED UPON THE CLOSING PRICE ON THE NASDAQ
STOCK MARKET ON JUNE 30, 2003) OF THE 8,538,837 SHARES OF VOTING STOCK HELD BY
NON-AFFILIATES AS OF JUNE 30, 2003 WAS APPROXIMATELY $139,951,538.
AS OF MARCH 5, 2004, THERE WERE 59,311,284 SHARES OF COMMON STOCK, PAR
VALUE $0.01 PER SHARE, OUTSTANDING.
PORTIONS OF THE REGISTRANT'S DEFINITIVE PROXY STATEMENT TO BE ISSUED IN
CONNECTION WITH THE ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS OF THE REGISTRANT TO BE HELD
ON MAY 27, 2004 HAVE BEEN INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE INTO PART III, ITEMS 10, 11,
12, 13 AND 14 OF THIS REPORT.
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1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
----
PART I.
Item 1. Business.............................................................................................. 3
Item 2. Properties............................................................................................ 21
Item 3. Legal Proceedings..................................................................................... 21
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders................................................... 22
PART II.
Item 5. Market for the Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities..................................................................... 22
Item 6. Selected Financial Data............................................................................... 23
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations................. 24
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk............................................ 38
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data........................................................... 40
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.................. 71
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures............................................................................... 71
PART III.
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.................................................... 71
Item 11. Executive Compensation................................................................................ 71
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters........ 72
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions........................................................ 72
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services................................................................ 72
PART IV.
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K...................................... 72
SIGNATURES........................................................................................................ 74
INDEX TO EXHIBITS................................................................................................. 75
2
Unless otherwise specified, all references to the "Company," "we," "us,"
"our," and "ourselves" refer to Genencor International, Inc. or Genencor
International, Inc. and its subsidiaries collectively, as appropriate in the
context of the disclosure.
This Report contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These include statements concerning plans,
objectives, goals, strategies, future events or performance and all other
statements which are other than statements of historical fact, including without
limitation, statements containing the words "believes," "anticipates,"
"expects," "estimates," "intends," "plans," "projects," "will," "may," "might,"
and words of a similar nature. The forward-looking statements contained in this
Report reflect the Company's current beliefs and expectations on the date of
this Report. Actual results, performance or outcomes may differ materially from
those expressed in the forward-looking statements. Some of the important factors
which, in the view of the Company, could cause actual results to differ from
those expressed in the forward-looking statements are discussed in Items 1, 7,
and 7A of this Report. The Company disclaims any obligation to update any
forward-looking statement to reflect facts or circumstances after the date
hereof.
PART I.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
OVERVIEW AND CERTAIN RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
We are a diversified biotechnology company that develops and delivers
products and services for the industrial, consumer, and agri-processing markets,
which we refer to as our Bioproducts segment. In addition, we are developing
products for the health care market in our Health Care segment. Using an
integrated set of technology platforms, including gene discovery and functional
genomics, molecular evolution and design, and human immunology, we develop
products that deliver innovative and sustainable solutions to many of the
problems of everyday life.
Our strategy is to apply our proven and proprietary technologies,
manufacturing capabilities and resources to expand sales in our existing markets
and to address new opportunities in both bioproducts and health care. Our
product formulations contain enzymes that are used in applications as diverse as
removing stubborn stains from clothing, converting corn starch to the sweetener
used in many soft drinks and certain foods, and enhancing the nutritional value
of grains for animal feed. We currently manufacture and market these products
through our global supply chain of 15 global distribution locations on four
continents, which includes eight manufacturing facilities. In addition, as
described below, in 2003 we completed construction on an additional
manufacturing facility designed to support and complement our health care
efforts.
We have a strong commitment to research as an essential component of our
product development effort, and we are developing a number of other products
independently as well as through collaborations. We focus our research and
development activities in our technology platforms to discover, optimize,
produce and deliver products to our target markets. An important part of our
research and development effort is undertaken through third-party collaborations
that contribute significant technology and other resources to the development
and commercialization of products. We believe this aspect of our research and
development effort will be important as we expand into health care and other new
markets.
In 2003, we filed 82 new and continuation in part utility patent
applications in the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Of the new
filings, 47 were directed primarily at technology in the bioproducts arena and
14 were directed primarily to technology in the health care field. The remaining
21 new filings were directed to basic technology relevant across all of
Genencor's programs. In addition, as evidence of the emphasis we place on the
protection of our intellectual property, we owned or controlled 46 patents
granted by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and 20 patents granted from the
European Patent Office in 2003.
Our Bioproducts segment achieved a number of successes in 2003. For
example, in April we announced that we had exceeded our project goal on our
three-year, $17.0 million program to develop an economically-viable enzymatic
process for converting biomass to ethanol. Specifically, pursuant to our
contract with the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy
Laboratory (NREL), we utilized our integrated technology platforms to exceed the
goal of a 10-fold improvement in the economics of using enzymes to break down
biomass into fermentable sugars. These sugars are the raw materials necessary
for future biorefineries to produce ethanol, organic chemicals and other
biomaterials such as plastics. Expanding on our research in this area, we
announced in September that Cargill Dow LLC had named us as its development
partner to create advanced enzyme systems for a biomass project supported by the
U.S. Department of Energy.
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Also on the Bioproducts front, we announced in July that our two-year
collaboration to develop a commercially viable technology to eradicate
infectious prions had been progressing favorably. The process developed by the
United Kingdom's Health Protection Agency (HPA), formerly the Centre for Applied
Microbiology & Research, uses a proprietary thermostable Genencor protease
enzyme to destroy infectious prions that are now widely seen as the causative
agent of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), better known as mad cow disease
and its human variant form, Creutzfelt-Jacob Disease. Along with HPA, we are
currently seeking certification in the European Union (EU) of the process to
enzymatically decontaminate surgical instruments.
During 2003, we also made important advances in our Health Care segment. We
advanced our targeted protein therapeutics program built upon our current
capabilities in modifying, optimizing and manufacturing proteins, and we filed
an Investigational New Drug application (IND) with the U.S. Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) for our Hepatitis B (HBV) immunotherapeutic vaccine
candidate.
In July, we announced that we had extended and modified certain terms of
our collaboration with Seattle Genetics, Inc. in the area of targeted pro-drug
cancer therapeutics. This agreement supports our internal program to apply our
protein engineering capabilities to create lead molecules that target tumors
posing significant unmet therapeutic needs.
In 2003, we also completed construction of a facility for the manufacture
of human therapeutic proteins for clinical trials next to the site of our
existing manufacturing facility in Rochester, New York. Facility start-up and
validation is currently under way and targeted for completion in early 2004 at
which time manufacture of human therapeutic proteins can commence. The facility
is designed to produce pharmaceutical grade materials for pre-clinical and
clinical studies.
We trace our history to 1982 when Genencor, Inc. was formed as a joint
venture between Genentech, Inc. and Corning, Inc. In 1987, Eastman Kodak Company
acquired a 25% interest in Genencor, Inc. Genencor International, Inc. was
incorporated in Delaware in 1989 and commenced operations in 1990 when Cultor
Ltd. and Eastman Kodak formed a joint venture in the industrial biotechnology
area and acquired Genencor, Inc. In 1993, Eastman Kodak transferred its 50%
interest in Genencor International, Inc. to Eastman Chemical Company. In 1999,
Danisco A/S acquired Cultor Ltd., which is now known as Danisco Finland OY.
After our initial public offering and continuing to the present, Eastman
Chemical Company and its affiliates and Danisco and its affiliates each own in
excess of 40% of our outstanding common stock as well as all of our outstanding
preferred stock.
OUR MARKETED PRODUCTS
In 2003, we recognized $362.1 million in product revenues through the sale
of approximately 350 products and formulations in more than 80 countries. We can
group most our existing products into general functional categories: enzymes
that break down protein, enzymes that break down starch, enzymes that break down
cellulose and an enzyme that breaks down guar based gums. These products are
then marketed to the industrial, consumer and agri-processing markets through
our direct sales organization and other distribution channels. Industrial and
consumer market applications include cleaning and textile processing, as well as
the emerging market of personal care. The agri-processing market applications
include classes of enzymes utilized in the grain processing and food, feed and
specialties areas.
INDUSTRIAL AND CONSUMER MARKETS
Cleaning Products
Our cleaning products include protein degrading enzymes, such as proteases;
starch degrading enzymes, such as amylases; and cellulose degrading enzymes,
such as cellulases and a guar degrading mannanase enzyme. These products are
formulated in granular, liquid, tablet and gel forms. Our commercially available
cleaning products include:
- Purafect: A family of high alkaline protease enzymes used in laundry
and dishwashing products to clean stains and soils containing
proteins, such as blood, grass, milk, gravy and tomato sauce;
- Properase: A high alkaline protease enzyme available in a variety of
formulations used in low temperature wash conditions to clean stains
and soils containing proteins, such as blood, grass, egg, milk, gravy
and tomato sauce;
- Purastar: A series of amylase enzyme containing products used in
laundry and dishwashing products to remove starch-based stains and
soils, such as chocolate, gravy, baby food, rice and pasta;
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- Puradax: A high alkaline cellulase enzyme product used in laundry
products to provide fabric care such as removing fuzz and pills and
providing color brightening; and
- Purabrite: A mannanase enzyme used to remove residues left by
guar-containing food, such as ice cream, barbecue sauce, processed
foods, and salad dressing, or personal care items, such as hair
styling aids and make-up.
Textiles Products
Our textiles products include cellulase, amylase and protease enzymes for
applications such as denim finishing, biofinishing of cotton and cellulosics,
and desizing and treatment of wool and silk. Additionally, we market catalase
enzymes used to remove hydrogen peroxide during the textile dyeing process.
These products are available in a variety of formulations, including liquid and
granular forms, and at various concentrations useful under altered conditions,
such as high or low temperature and high or low pH conditions. Our commercially
available textiles products include:
- IndiAge: A family of cellulase products used for denim finishing and
processing of high-performance cellulosic fibers, such as lyocell;
- Primafast: An acid cellulase used in the processing of
high-performance cellulosic fibers, such as lyocell;
- Optisize: A family of amylase products for low or high temperature
desizing processes;
- OxyGone: A family of catalase products used by fabric dyers to
eliminate residual hydrogen peroxide in the dyeing process; and
- Protex: A family of protease products used in denim processing and the
treatment of wool and silk.
Personal Care Products
We also currently market a high-performance protease used in Dawn Special
Care, a hand dish care product sold by The Procter & Gamble Company offering
skin-softening benefits to consumers.
AGRI-PROCESSING MARKETS
Grain Processing Products
We market our grain processing products to customers who process
agricultural raw materials such as barley, corn, wheat and soybeans to produce
animal feed, food ingredients, industrial products, sweeteners and renewable
fuels. Our grain processing products are used to make products as diverse as
beer, sweeteners and fuel ethanol. Our commercially available grain processing
products include:
- Spezyme: A broad family of alpha amylase enzymes useful in high and
low temperature liquefaction of starch;
- Optidex and Optimax: A series of glucoamylase and debranching enzymes
and their blends used in the hydrolysis of starch to glucose;
- Gensweet: A family of isomerase enzymes in both soluble and
immobilized form used in the production of high fructose corn syrup;
- Optimalt and Clarase: Maltogenic enzymes used in the production of
maltose syrups;
- Distillase: A glucoamylase enzyme used in the hydrolysis of starch to
glucose for the production of alcohol;
- Fermenzyme: A product line of glucoamylase and protease enzyme blends
used in the production of alcohol; and
- G-Zyme: A line of alpha amylases and glucoamylases for starch
processing to produce sweeteners, ethanol and other products.
Food, Feed and Specialties Products
Our food, feed and specialties products are used in the food industry for
such purposes as to improve baking, to process proteins more efficiently and to
preserve foods. Additionally, we sell products to improve animal feed and pet
food, to treat animal hides in the leather industry, to recover silver residue
in photographic film processing, and to improve pulp and paper processing. Our
commercially available food, feed and specialties products include:
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- Multifect, Protex, Laminex and Multifresh: A full product line of
protease, beta-glucanase, cellulase and xylanase enzymes used for such
diverse applications as brewing, contact lens cleaning, the production
of potable alcohol, waste processing, protein processing and the
production of pet food; and
- OxyGO and Fermcolase: A line of catalase and glucose oxidase enzymes
used in industrial and food processing.
PRODUCTS IN DEVELOPMENT
The continued success of our business depends on our ability to develop
innovative products that meet our customers' needs in our target markets. We are
developing products for the industrial, consumer, and agri-processing markets as
well as products for the health care market. While we have product development
programs underway in each of our target markets, we have not yet marketed any
products for the health care market. Our ability to develop products for our
targeted markets, including health care, may be limited by our resources, our
ability to develop and maintain strategic alliances, and the licensing and
development of necessary technology. To date, we have financed operations and
product development from the sale of products, the sale of stock, research and
development funding from our strategic partners, government grants, and
short-term and long-term borrowings.
Bioproducts
We currently have numerous product development programs ongoing in the
target markets associated with our Bioproducts segment.
Industrial and Consumer Markets
Silicon Biotechnology. Our alliance with the Dow Corning Corporation seeks
to combine the organizations' expertise in their respective fields of
biotechnology and silicon chemistry to create a new, proprietary Silicon
Biotechnology platform. Dow Corning and we plan to jointly commercialize
products developed by the alliance. The alliance has filed important patent
applications in three broad areas and established a business unit to pursue its
biosensor market opportunities. Patent applications were filed in 2002 in three
strategic areas that we expect to define the initial fields of alliance
activity. The first is in biotransformations, where the tools of biotechnology
are used to modify silicon to create new materials with unique attributes or to
create new, more environmentally efficient processes for existing silicon-based
materials. The second area covers delivery systems where silicon and biological
materials are combined to deliver active ingredients for application in a wide
spectrum of markets, such as cleaning, health care and personal care. The third
area covers nano-scale systems for biosensing devices and performance materials.
The alliance also established its first business venture to pursue opportunities
for biosensors in the fields of consumer in-home medical tests, drug discovery,
biowarfare threat analysis, veterinary diagnostics, and environmental and home
monitoring of air, water and food. The alliance is expected to pursue
commercialization opportunities alone and in partnership with market leaders in
these target markets.
Personal Care. We are developing enzymes, repeat-sequence protein
materials, and targeted and other peptides for incorporation into products for
the personal care markets of skin care, oral care, and hair care. As part of the
path to market, we have developed scaleable production processes and completed
initial toxicology and safety testing on six product candidates. Our materials
are under evaluation by selected key customer candidates.
Polymer Intermediates. The chemical industry currently manufactures a
polyester intermediate, 1,3 propanediol, using a chemical process. Propanediol
is a critical component of a high-performance polyester, Sorona, which E.I. du
Pont de Nemours and Company (DuPont) has announced plans to commercialize. The
potential benefits of Sorona include improved fit and comfort, softness of
touch, dyeability, resilience, and stretch recovery. This polyester has
potential applications in textiles and engineering thermoplastics. It is
anticipated that its most significant uses will be for making apparel,
upholstery, home fashions and carpets. Together with our strategic partner,
DuPont, we have developed a novel biological process for the production of 1,3
propanediol that we believe will be less expensive than the current chemical
process. The commercial process is being developed by DuPont.
Repeat Sequence Protein Polymers. We have an exclusive license agreement
with Protein Polymer Technologies, Inc. for use of its proprietary protein
polymer design and production technology to develop novel biomaterials for
non-medical applications. We believe this technology and intellectual property
combined with our expertise in gene expression and molecular evolution and
design may lead to the development of biomaterials including high-performance
fibers, electronic chips, optical switches and other materials.
Ascorbic Acid. Together with Eastman Chemical Company, we intend to
commercialize an advanced process for the production of ascorbic acid, or
vitamin C, from glucose. We believe our biotechnology-driven process can deliver
the world's lowest cost ascorbic
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acid production process as it eliminates several steps from the traditional
chemical synthesis and are currently evaluating this opportunity.
Prion Infectivity. In August 2001, we announced an exclusive collaboration
with the predecessor of HPA to develop technology to eliminate prions, the
infectious agent thought to cause mad cow disease as well as the human form of
that disease, and our research and development activities are continuing. The
collaboration is primarily focused on developing an enzyme-based method for
treating surgical equipment, rendered animal material and blood products to
eliminate prion infectivity. Though incineration and high caustic treatments of
infected material have shown some degree of prion inactivation, these conditions
are not suitable for general applications due to incompatability with most
materials and worker safety issues. Published results of our work have shown our
proprietary enzymes can decrease immunoreactive prion particles under
user-friendly conditions consistent with enzyme applications. In vivo studies
are under way to confirm decreased infectivity of protease treated prion
contaminated material.
Other new products in development in the industrial and consumer markets
include a new proprietary protease engineered for improved performance in dish
care products, an oxidase enzyme used in the fabric care market, a novel enzyme
acting on synthetic fibers and clothes for improved fabric care and
manufacturing, a novel amylase which simplifies the starch conversion process,
and a new enzyme targeting the feed, brewing and protein processing sectors.
Agri-processing
Biomass Conversion to Ethanol. The agricultural industry produces a vast
amount of waste product known as biomass. Currently, the agricultural industry
cannot economically convert biomass on a large scale to useful chemicals such as
ethanol. In 2000, we were awarded a three-year $17.0 million partial matching
funds contract by the NREL to continue our efforts in developing a low cost
enzyme system for the economic conversion of biomass to ethanol. In April of
2003, we announced we had exceeded our project goal of using our integrated
technology platforms to deliver a 10-fold improvement in the economics of
breaking down biomass into fermentable sugars. We are continuing our efforts in
this area, including through our work on Cargill Dow's biomass project.
Bioingredients for Use in the Food Industry. In October 2000, we entered a
four-year minimum term research and development agreement with Danisco A/S, one
of the world's leading food ingredients companies. Our first product resulting
from this collaboration has moved from the development stage to the
commercialization stage and is targeted for launch later in 2004. Activities
relating to further project selection, evaluation and initiation continue under
terms of the agreement.
Animal Feed and Nutrition. We are exploring a number of key enzymes and
production systems for application in this market. Some of the enzymes being
evaluated include enhanced xylanase, phytase and other enzymes for use in animal
feed to increase the nutritional value of animal feed or to minimize pollution
in animal waste. We have identified and are evaluating a proprietary enzyme with
improved properties for feed applications from one of our collaborations.
Also in the agri-processing market, we have initiated discussions with
major agricultural companies as well as the FDA to use our i-mune assay for the
identification of potentially allergenic components of foods.
Health Care
In 2001, we commenced implementation of our health care business strategy.
Since this is a recent initiative for us, our product pipeline is not
as mature as in the bioproducts area. We expect to continue investing in
internal research programs, external collaborations and other strategic
investments in order to increase our development pipeline. We have focused our
efforts in two major areas: immunotherapeutics and targeted biotherapeutics.
Immunotherapeutics. One of our principal areas of focus has been the
development of a therapeutic vaccine for the treatment of chronic Hepatitis B
infection, a disease that is poorly treated with available therapeutics, and we
filed an IND with the FDA in December 2003 to test our deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA) polyepitope candidate. In a parallel product development path, we advanced
development of a heterologous boost that may be used in conjunction with the DNA
polyepitope prime vaccine. We also progressed into late research a lead DNA
polyepitope therapeutic vaccine candidate for treatment of infection by Human
Papilloma virus (HPV). We believe that we are making several key scientific
contributions in this new field, including our i-mune assay, which can play a
central role in helping to appropriately up-regulate the immune system and
enhance a cytotoxic T lymphoctye (CTL) response. An important aspect of our
business strategy has been to form strategic collaborations during the initial
discovery phase before entering vaccine candidates into clinical trials.
As therapeutic vaccines represent a new class of drugs, the business path
forward to commercialization of these products is not certain, and we continue
to evaluate our alternatives in this regard. We have a strategic alliance with
Epimmune Inc. that we believe enhances our vaccine platform.
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This alliance includes an exclusive license to Epimmune's epitope and PADRE
technologies and related intellectual property rights for vaccines to treat
Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Human Papilloma virus. We have also taken
an equity stake in Epimmune.
Targeted Biotherapeutics. We believe the protein therapeutics market is
growing significantly, and we have identified opportunities to use our molecular
biology, immunology, protein engineering and manufacturing skills to address key
problems typically associated with protein therapeutics and to discover and
develop new protein therapeutics.
We are leveraging our key capabilities and technologies in an important
area of focus, protein drug discovery. In one program, we are using our
expertise in exploiting natural and synthetic diversity to develop new methods
for targeting therapeutics to cancer cells as opposed to healthy cells. For
example, pursuant to our agreement with Seattle Genetics, we are developing
tumor-targeted enzymes that convert relatively non-toxic prodrugs into cytotoxic
drugs. The enzyme is concentrated specifically at the tumor site through either
an antibody or a novel protein that targets a specific antigen expressed on the
tumor cells. The catalytic activity of the enzyme then leads to a significantly
increased concentration of the cytotoxic moiety and increased cell death at the
tumor site. In a second research program, we are exploiting our expertise in
targeting, protein expression and protein engineering for the development of new
drugs for inflammatory diseases and other non-cancer indications.
We are also exploring opportunities to leverage our expertise in protein
expression and manufacturing for production of protein therapeutics. We believe
that our history of process design and manufacturing will enable us to produce
therapeutic proteins at cost structures that are lower than the norm for the
biopharmaceutical industry. We completed construction and have made substantial
progress in the start up and validation of a clinical manufacturing facility
designed to satisfy the FDA's current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP)
regulations in order to meet the needs of our health care drug discovery
portfolio and to provide strategic partnering opportunities.
Another area of activity is protein-engineering services for the
pharmaceutical industry, which addresses problems ranging from immunogenicity to
pharmacokinetics. For example, using our i-mune assay, we can identify epitopes
in a protein that may be responsible for initiating an immune response. Then
through protein engineering, these problematic epitopes can be modified, thereby
the risk of an adverse immune response can be greatly reduced prior to human
testing. We are applying such approaches to internal programs and are developing
collaborations to apply these approaches to existing drugs and lead compounds in
development by third parties. For example, we have signed agreements with a
pharmaceutical company to evaluate that company's proprietary molecules using
the i-mune assay.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
We have a strong commitment to research as an essential component of our
product development effort. Technology developed in collaborations with third
parties, as well as technologies licensed from third parties, are also important
sources of potential products for us.
We have developed several related technology platforms that we apply in an
integrated approach we call i-biotech to the discovery, optimization, production
and delivery of our products. Our technology platforms supported the development
of current commercial products, and we believe that application of these
technology platforms may also generate new product candidates in our target
markets. Our technology platforms include:
Gene Discovery and Functional Genomics
Gene discovery is a series of techniques used to identify diverse genes
whose encoded proteins are capable of solving customer needs or treating a
target disease. We identify genes either on the basis of their sequence or on
the basis of the function of their encoded protein products. With this
information, we identify and develop potential products. Identifying genes of
interest can start with the analysis of genes found in diverse culture
collections, analysis of genes that are expressed under differentially defined
conditions or direct analysis of the proteins expressed in a cell or culture. We
apply all three approaches to gene discovery.
First our internal culture and gene collection allows us to access
individual microorganisms, microbial consortia, and genes representing a wide
range of environmental niches. In combination with our extensive academic and
governmental research collaborations, we can access biodiversity from
environments ranging from Antarctic ice floes to the Soda Lakes of Kenya. As an
example of our efforts in this area, we are the sole industrial partner of a
EU funded program on microbial
8
discovery. Included as non-industrial partners in the collaboration are the
Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Seville, Spain; University of
Leicester, United Kingdom; and University of the Western Cape, South Africa.
Second, analysis of gene expression via transcriptional profiling using
microarrays allows us to identify genes that may be transiently or
differentially expressed under different growth conditions. Using these
approaches in combination with our bacterial and fungal genome databases, we
have identified key genes that are important for protein expression or
regulation of gene expression during fermentation and production. As part of our
NREL funded program to convert biomass to ethanol, for example, we employed
fungal arrayed transcriptional analysis to identify novel genes expressed during
high-level protein production in our Trichoderma fungal host system. In
addition, this methodology has led to the discovery of previously unknown genes,
which when combined with our high-level expression technology is enabling us to
test new catalysts in our target markets.
As a third approach to gene discovery, we use our state of the art fully
integrated proteomics capability to isolate and identify proteins of interest.
Our proprietary two-dimensional protein analysis systems allow us to identify
proteins that are differentially expressed during cell culture growth cycles.
Using automated handling systems and high-resolution mass spectrometer analysis,
we can rapidly identify the proteins of interest against any proteins in either
our proprietary or the publicly available genomic databases. By applying these
same tools to our protein therapeutics area, for example, we have been able to
identify potential target proteins for controlling inflammatory responses. In
addition, we are utilizing our core mass spectrometer group to directly identify
peptides active in biological systems.
Molecular Evolution and Design
Molecular evolution and design is the process or set of tools by which we
accelerate the natural evolutionary process in order to engineer or optimize
gene products for their intended use, including industrial and consumer market
applications as well as second-generation biopharmaceutical candidates. Using
integrated tools for assay development, library generation, and robotic sample
handling, we can rapidly develop and screen diversity libraries for activities
or gene expression. These technologies are being applied to ongoing internal
projects, including, for example, our personal care, cancer therapeutics, and
biomass conversion projects.
In nature, evolution occurs at a very slow rate. We accelerate the
evolutionary process to engineer and evolve, or optimize, the function of the
protein we identify in the discovery process. We optimize a gene by changing or
mutating its DNA sequence to produce a variant protein with a modified function.
This process is known as mutagenesis. We alter proteins at a single site, at
multiple sites or randomly over the entire length of the protein sequence. We
employ several state of the art chemical and enzymatic methods for mutating the
DNA sequence of genes. We insert these altered genes into our proprietary host
production organisms so that we can screen the variant proteins they produce for
the identification of product leads.
Generally, we can evaluate the properties of variant proteins generated
through single and multiple site mutation using high-throughput screening. When
we randomly mutate living organisms over the entire length of the protein
sequence, the number of protein variants becomes too large to be screened
efficiently. One approach we use to evaluate these variants is through
selection. In this approach, we make the survival of the host organism dependent
upon its production of an improved protein variant. The organisms that produce
improved protein variants survive. We then evaluate the surviving organisms
using high throughput screens to determine which variant is best. In a second
approach, we apply our protein engineering skills to design focus sets of
variants that can be rapidly evaluated for improved properties. We have applied
these evolution techniques along with a proprietary screening methodology to
develop both new enzyme products and evolved production hosts with improved
efficiency for production of commercial enzyme products.
In the case where the desired product is a small molecule or a chemical
produced by a metabolic pathway, optimization of the organism may require the
simultaneous modification of a larger number of proteins in the pathway. Since
conventional mutagenesis techniques target one, or at most a few genes, of an
organism at one time, these techniques are not appropriate for creating and
evaluating such a large number of variants simultaneously. We have developed
Mutator Technology to address this shortcoming. Using this approach, we can
simultaneously modify hundreds of genes in a host production organism and use
selection to derive the best host candidate in order to produce these desired
small molecules or chemicals.
Human Immunology
The potential for human allergic response limits the application of some
engineered enzymes in the health care, agri-processing and industrial and
consumer markets. To address this limitation, we have developed our human
immunology, or i-mune, platform. This platform centers on an assay that
determines the human immune response to proteins.
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The human immune system is an extraordinary defense mechanism capable of
rapidly responding to invading pathogens and other foreign molecules. Our i-mune
assay recreates the first steps of the human immune response in an automated
assay format. We take a target protein and divide it into a series of small,
easily synthesized pieces. Using our assay, we determine if the protein contains
any pieces capable of causing an immune response. We then use the tools of our
molecular evolution and design platform to modulate the response. We have shown
that we can decrease the allergenic potential of specific proteases and have in
vivo evidence that the in vitro assay accurately predicts human allergenic
results.
Using this tool, we can determine allergenic risk and reduce it without
human testing. Previously we have applied this technique to the evaluation of a
known allergen in food, Brazil nut protein, and the Bacillus thuringensis (Bt)
insecticidal proteins Cry1Aa and Cry3Ab. The i-mune assay correctly identified
Brazil nut 2S storage protein as a potential allergen while indicating that the
Bt insecticidal proteins were of lower immune potential. This result is
consistent with the published information regarding the relative immunogenicity
of these three proteins. In a recent publication in collaboraton with
researchers at the University of Campus Bio-Medico, in Rome, Italy, we have been
able to identify a key epitope region in beta-interferon, a protein
pharmaceutical used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
We believe the human immunology platform will allow us to determine the
allergenic potential of proteins, including those of therapeutic value, to
recommend ways to reduce their allergenic potential and, using our molecular
evolution and design platform, to develop new materials with reduced allergenic
response profiles without human testing. We believe these technology platforms
may potentially lead to products in our target markets.
Biomaterial Production Systems
The term "biomaterial" refers to all three classes of products we develop
and manufacture: traditional biocatalysts, chemicals produced through biological
routes and novel biological materials, such as repeat sequence proteins or
biosensors. A key element of our i-biotech approach is the concurrent
application of our biomaterial production systems platform with our other
technology platforms. Biomaterial production systems consist of host production
organisms that we have adapted to accept genes from other organisms, or foreign
genes, and produce the proteins encoded by these foreign genes together with a
proprietary process for growing our host production organisms, which we refer to
as our proprietary fermentation processes. We grow, or ferment, our host
production organisms under controlled conditions, allowing these organisms to
grow, divide and efficiently produce optimized proteins. We have developed
numerous host production organisms backed by patented technology and process
know-how.
Each host production organism has a unique set of requirements that must be
met before the organism can accept a foreign gene. For each host production
organism, we have identified the key elements that must be added to a foreign
gene to enable the host production organism to accept the gene and to produce
the gene's product, the desired protein. To produce the desired product, we
cultivate the host production organisms using our proprietary fermentation
processes. Using a combination of advanced molecular biology and functional
genomics tools, we have demonstrated that we can improve the productivity of
existing production hosts as well as designing de novo host systems.
Metabolic Pathway Engineering
Metabolic pathway engineering is a process we use to modify our host
production organisms to produce small molecules and chemicals, or biochemicals.
Microorganisms make biochemicals through sequences of enzyme-catalyzed
reactions, referred to as pathways. In order to produce these biochemicals, we
often add new pathways or parts of pathways from a variety of organisms into our
host production organisms.
Our approach to metabolic pathway engineering, referred to as DesignPath,
is the integration of a variety of tools including genomics and functional
genomics. We begin with the known metabolic pathways of our host production
organisms and then reconstruct the pathways based upon our analysis. Then we add
new genes, identified through our gene discovery and functional genomics
platform and optimized through our molecular evolution and design platform. The
1,3 propanediol research program with DuPont, and our ongoing collaboration with
Dow Corning Corporation for the development of silicon-based biotechnology
reaffirm our belief in the commercial viability of producing biomaterials that
compete with existing chemical processes. Additionally, we are applying these
tools to develop more efficient production hosts by designing strains that have
better carbon utilization and less by-product formation during the fermentation
cycle. These programs integrate our discovery technologies into a powerful
solution to improve expression levels of products and the utilization of raw
materials.
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Formulation Delivery Systems
Once we have developed a desired biomaterial, we typically formulate it
in a manner customized for the intended use of the customer. Our patented
formulations range from stable liquids to multi-layer granular formulations,
including our Enzoguard granular products, which have sophisticated properties
such as delayed release and oxidation barriers. These formulations protect
biomaterials against harsh chemical and environmental conditions. In addition,
we have designed and developed highly efficient fluidized coating equipment and
processes to make our formulated products.
STRATEGIC ALLIANCES
A key part of our strategy has been and we expect will continue to be
forming strategic alliances with industry leaders in our target markets. In
forming commercial alliances, we seek partners that share our desire and
commitment to grow, hold or have access to significant market share in the
target market and are willing to fund or participate in research and development
efforts. We also fund external alliances to access, apply and develop
technologies that are strategic to our target markets. Some of our key strategic
alliances are as follows:
The Procter & Gamble Company. Our alliance with The Procter & Gamble
Company began with our predecessor company in 1984 and continues to the present.
Through this relationship, we have conducted joint research and development
leading to the commercialization of five engineered protease enzymes. This
relationship has enabled the launch of major new brand initiatives involving
their flagship detergent products Tide and Ariel.
Our alliance with The Procter & Gamble Company is based currently upon
two principal agreements. First, we are party to a master collaboration
agreement, dated October 31, 2003. This agreement expires on October 31, 2006.
This agreement provides a framework for cooperation in numerous areas as
mutually agreed, particularly laundry and cleaning products. We have terminated
by mutual agreement a commercialization agreement, dated April 25, 2000,
relating to the development of proteins with reduced allergic potential for
skin-care products. Second, in November 2001, we announced the signing of a
five-year worldwide supply contract with The Procter & Gamble Company to provide
protease enzymes for laundry and dish detergents. The contract extends our two
decade long relationship and further solidifies our position with respect to the
innovation and commercialization of protease enzymes for liquid and dry
formulation.
Epimmune Inc. In July 2001, we acquired a 10% equity stake in Epimmune
Inc. We also entered into a 30-month collaboration with Epimmune focused on the
development of therapeutic vaccines for oncogenic viruses, including research
funding and milestone payments. We later agreed to extend the term of the
collaboration to September 2004, additionally, we exclusively licensed certain
Epimmune technologies and related intellectual property rights on a worldwide
basis for the development of vaccines to treat or prevent Hepatitis C, Hepatitis
B (HBV) and Human Papilloma virus (HPV). In December 2001, we increased our
equity stake in Epimmune and made our first milestone payment. In January 2002,
the alliance announced the identification of an EpiGene clinical product
candidate for the lead program in the collaboration, a therapeutic hepatitis B
vaccine. In 2003 this candidate was optimized, preclinically tested, and
manufactured according to cGMP. In December 2003, we submitted an IND to the FDA
and in January 2004 this IND became effective.
Dow Corning Corporation. In October 2001, we entered into an agreement
with Dow Corning Corporation seeking to combine our expertise in biotechnology
with Dow Corning's expertise in silicon chemistry. The program is attempting to
develop unique materials combining the inorganic and biological worlds and to
address customer needs in markets we serve today as well as create opportunities
in the nanotechnology, photonics and electronics markets. To date the companies
have explored product opportunities in markets both companies serve and
anticipate that the alliance will see some of its first successes through the
introduction of new, biologically mediated silicon-based products for the life
sciences, personal care, cleaning and textiles markets. We have achieved certain
milestones, and the alliance has established its first business venture to
pursue opportunities for biosensors in the fields of consumer in-home medical
tests, drug discovery, biowarfare threat analysis, veterinary diagnostics, and
environmental and home monitoring of air, water and food.
Seattle Genetics, Inc. In January 2002, we formed a collaboration with
Seattle Genetics, Inc. to discover and develop a class of cancer therapeutics
based on tumor-targeted enzymes that activate prodrugs. In July 2003, we paid
Seattle Genetics an extension fee and extended the agreement for two additional
years under modified terms. Under terms of the amended agreement, we have a
nonexclusive license to Seattle Genetics's proprietary antibody-directed enzyme
prodrug therapy (ADEPT) technology for multiple targets, and each company may
independently develop products utilizing the other party's applicable
technology. We expect to
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continue accessing Seattle Genetics's novel prodrug program in support of our
health care development efforts. Seattle Genetics may continue its research and
development efforts of its lead ADEPT molecule, SGN-17/19, without further
funding from Genencor.
E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. On September 1, 1995, we entered
into a collaborative research and development agreement with DuPont to develop
and commercialize biologically derived 1,3 propanediol, a key intermediate for
the production of a high-performance polyester. Under the terms of this
agreement, we have received research and development funding and milestone
payments. In June 2002, we successfully completed the final phase of the
collaboration achieving the milestones for yield and productivity of 1,3
propanediol. If commercialization by DuPont proves effective, we will earn
royalties on product sales.
Danisco A/S. In October 2000, we entered into a four-year minimum term
research and development agreement with Danisco A/S, one of the world's leading
food ingredients companies. The collaboration is directed at the development and
production of innovative biotechnology derived products for use in the food
industry. The first joint project target is nearing commercialization. A joint
business and technical team to identify opportunities was initiated in the third
quarter of 2003 and additional projects are under evaluation.
Cargill Dow. In September 2003, Cargill Dow chose us to be its partner
to create advanced enzyme systems for a biomass project supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy. This project builds on our previous work in this with NREL
to develop enabling enzyme systems essential for the enzymatic conversion of
biomass to ethanol, and we expect this project to be a significant step toward
advancing the biorefinery concept.
RESEARCH EXPENSES
A major portion of our operating expenses has been related to the
research and development of products. During the years ended December 31, 2003,
2002, and 2001, our total research and development expenses were $72.5 million,
$70.2 million and $60.1 million, respectively. Of these expenses, an estimated
$13.1 million, $15.4 million and $11.4 million, respectively, represent total
expenses incurred in conjunction with research collaborations partially funded
by our various partners.
Our research and development efforts have been a primary source of our
products and represent an essential component of our business strategy. As of
December 31, 2003, we had 230 employees involved full-time in our research and
development efforts, 75 of whom hold Ph.D. degrees and one of whom holds an M.D.
degree.
COMPETITION
We face significant competition in the industrial, consumer and
agri-processing markets in which we currently compete. As we develop products
for the health care market and new sectors of the agri-processing, industrial
and consumer markets, we face a host of new competitors, including, for example,
biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies.
In the industrial and consumer markets, some competitors may have a
stronger market position and greater financial resources than we do.
Specifically, in cleaning enzymes, we believe that Novozymes A/S, our largest
competitor, may have more product offerings and a greater market share than we
do. In food and feed enzymes, we believe that DSM N.V. and Novozymes A/S have
greater market shares and more product offerings than we do.
Our products and development programs target the industrial, consumer,
agri-processing and health care markets. There are many commercially available
products for each of these markets and for the specific consumer problems and
the specific diseases we may attempt to address in product development. A large
number of companies and institutions are spending considerable amounts of money
and resources to develop products in our target markets.
Competition in our current and target markets is primarily driven by:
- - The ability to establish and maintain long-term customer relationships;
- - Ability to develop, maintain and protect proprietary products and
technologies;
- - Technology advances that lead to better products;
- - Product performance, price, features and reliability;
- - Timing of product introductions;
- - Manufacturing, sales and distribution capabilities;
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- - Technical support and service; and
- - Breadth of product line.
Any product we make in the future will also likely compete with
products offered by our competitors. If our competitors introduce data that show
improved characteristics of their products, improve or increase their marketing
efforts or lower the price of their products, sales of our products could
decrease. We cannot be certain that any products we develop in the future will
compare favorably to products offered by our competitors or that our existing or
future products will compare favorably to any new products that are developed by
our competitors. Our ability to be competitive also depends upon our ability to
attract and retain qualified personnel, obtain patent protection and otherwise
develop proprietary products or processes.
PROPRIETARY RIGHTS
The protection of our proprietary technologies and products is
important to the success of our business. We rely on a combination of patents,
licenses, trade secrets and trademarks to establish and protect our proprietary
rights in our technologies and products. As of December 31, 2003, our worldwide
intellectual property portfolio included 487 issued U.S. patents and 352 pending
U.S. patent applications. Our intellectual property portfolio includes rights in
technologies including specific bioproducts and health care products and methods
of use, production technology, and technology covering research tools such as
high-throughput gene discovery, molecular evolution, immunological screens and
metabolic pathway engineering.
Despite our existing portfolio, we may not be able to obtain the
patents or licenses to technologies that we will need to develop products for
our target markets. Patents may be issued that would block our ability to obtain
patents or to operate our business. In addition, patents have a limited
duration. Generally, patents issued in the United States have a term of 17 years
from the date of issue for patents issued from applications submitted prior to
June 8, 1995. Patents issued in the United States from applications submitted on
or after June 8, 1995 have a term of 20 years from the date of filing of the
application. Patents in most other countries have a term of 20 years from the
date of filing the patent application. Patent applications are usually not
published until 18 months after they are filed. The publication of discoveries
in scientific or patent literature tends to lag behind actual discoveries by at
least several months. As a result, there may be patent applications or
scientific discoveries of which we are not currently aware.
RAW MATERIALS
The raw materials that we use are commercially available products from
a number of independent sources. More than 65% of them based on total raw
material expenditures have alternate sources of supply, with the remaining
supply base being commercially available and interchangeable.
MANUFACTURING AND SUPPLY CAPABILITIES
We have a global supply chain consisting of 15 distribution locations
around the globe, which include eight Bioproducts manufacturing facilities on
four continents. Our supply organization has a proven capability to meet
customer demands. This involves quality certification, such as ISO 9001:2000,
multi-site product qualification, delivery capabilities and special custom
supply requirements. We strive to produce materials in locations and with
processes that allow us to minimize manufacturing and distribution costs,
inventory and capital investment. We also have completed construction of our
ninth manufacturing facility, to support and complement our health care efforts.
TRADEMARKS
The following are our trademarks: GENENCOR, GENENCOR INTERNATIONAL,
LOWGEN, INDIAGE, PRIMAFAST, OPTISIZE, PURAFECT, PROPERASE, PURASTAR, PURADAX,
PURABRITE, SPEZYME, G-ZYME, OPTIDEX, DISTILLASE, OPTIMAX, FERMENZYME, GENSWEET,
OPTIMALT, CLARASE, MULTIFECT, MULTIFRESH, FERMCOLASE, LAMINEX, OXYGO, I-MUNE,
I-BIOTECH, MUTATOR TECHNOLOGY, DESIGNPATH, DESTIGEN, OXYGONE, PROTEX and
ENZOGUARD. SILICON BIOTECHNOLOGY is a trademark of the Dow Corning Corporation
and us. The following trademarks are owned by the individual companies:
SORONA (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company);
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DAWN SPECIAL CARE, TIDE and ARIEL (The Procter & Gamble Company); PADRE and
EPIGENE (Epimmune Inc.); ADEPT (Seattle Genetics, Inc.).
MAJOR CUSTOMERS
Our five largest customers collectively accounted for approximately 53%
of our 2003 product revenues, with our largest customer, The Procter & Gamble
Company, accounting for more than 35% of such revenues. Our five largest
customers in 2003 were Broin Group; Cargill, Incorporated; Danisco Animal
Nutrition - the feed ingredients business unit of Danisco A/S, which was
formerly known as Finnfeeds; The Procter & Gamble Company; and Reckitt
Benckiser, plc.
GEOGRAPHICAL AND PRODUCT CLASS INFORMATION
The financial information concerning geographical areas and product
class revenues set forth in Note 13 of the financial statements contained in
Item 8 is incorporated herein by reference.
REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT
Product Regulation - Bioproducts
Regulatory agencies regulate our products according to their intended
use. The FDA regulates food, feed, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products based on
their application. The FDA and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
regulate non-drug biologically derived products. The U.S. Department of
Agriculture regulates plant, plant pest and animal products. The EPA regulates
biologically derived chemicals not within the FDA's jurisdiction or the
jurisdiction of other regulatory agencies. Although the food and industrial
regulatory process can vary significantly in time and expense from application
to application, the timelines generally are shorter in duration than the drug
regulatory process and range from three months to three years.
The European regulatory process for biologically derived products has
undergone significant change in the recent past, as the EU attempts to replace
national regulatory procedures with a consistent EU regulatory standard. Some
national regulatory oversight remains. Regulation of enzymes used as processing
aids is currently through such national oversight; however, the EU Commission is
presently drafting regulations covering all food use enzymes at the EU level.
Regulatory review of our products in Pacific Rim and Asian countries
having approval or registration processes ranges from three months to two years.
Currently, enzymes used in food require approval in Japan, Korea and
Australia/New Zealand, and registrations in several other countries. Certain
Asian countries and some countries in Latin America rely on United States and
European product registrations.
Product Regulation - Health Care
In the United States, all phases of the development and
commercialization of pharmaceuticals are regulated primarily under federal law
and subject to rigorous FDA review and approval processes. Before a
pharmaceutical candidate can be tested in humans, it must be studied in
laboratory experiments and in animals to provide data to support its potential
safety, and supplies must be produced under the FDA's cGMP regulations for
clinical trials. These data are submitted to the FDA in an IND for review and
authorization to test the pharmaceutical product in humans. Only after the FDA
finds the IND to be acceptable, can a company commence with clinical trials in
humans designed to demonstrate that a pharmaceutical product is safe and
effective for its intended use.
These clinical trials are subject to extensive regulations, are very
expensive and usually take many years. These studies are divided into three
separate phases. In Phase 1, studies are conducted with a relatively small
number of healthy human subjects or patients to assess the safety of the
product, dose tolerance, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, distribution and
excretion. In Phase 2, the product is given to a limited target patient
population to further assess safety and to begin to assess efficacy and dose
safety. If the results of these first two phases are favorable, then Phase 3
studies are conducted in the target patient population with a number of subjects
large enough to statistically establish safety and efficacy of the product.
Concurrent to the clinical development, the company needs to also generate data
on the manufacture and controls of the pharmaceutical product. Upon the
successful completion of Phase 3 and demonstration of the ability to produce the
product under cGMP conditions, a New Drug Application (NDA) or a Biologics
License Application (BLA) is submitted to the FDA. The clinical and
manufacturing information submitted with the application is
14
reviewed by the FDA, which will approve the product for marketing if it judges
that, pursuant to current regulations, the data contained in the application
support the safety and efficacy claims and the manufacturing and controls data
demonstrate the quality, purity, safety and identity of the product. On average,
it takes the FDA six to twelve months to review and approve an NDA or BLA.
Significant changes in manufacturing and controls of the product or additional
labeling claims pursued after approval for the initial application is obtained
will require submission of additional data to the FDA for review and approval.
Regulatory procedures for licensing drug products in Europe are
comparable to those in the United States. Biologic products are reviewed through
a centralized procedure that leads to a single license for the entire EU. In
addition, each product must receive individual pricing approvals before it can
be marketed.
Environmental Regulation
We are subject to national, state, and local environmental laws and
regulations, including those governing the handling and disposal of hazardous
wastes, wastewater, solid waste and other environmental matters. Our research,
development and manufacturing activities involve the controlled use of hazardous
materials, including chemical, radioactive and biological materials. Although we
believe that our safety procedures for handling and disposing of these materials
comply with applicable regulations, we cannot completely eliminate the risk of
accidental contamination or injury from these materials. In the event of an
accident, we could be held liable for resulting damages. We do not expect that
compliance with the environmental regulations to which we are subject will have
a material effect on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position.
Genetically Modified Microorganisms
Genetically modified microorganisms and products derived from these
organisms are regulated in many countries around the world. In the United
States, we voluntarily comply with the National Institutes of Health Guidelines
for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules at all of our research and
development facilities. We also comply with the EPA's regulation of intergeneric
microorganisms under the Toxic Substances Control Act. We design our production
organisms and processes to comply with regulatory principles and practices in
both manufacturing and commercial venues regardless of the location. By using
production organisms that are classified as Good Industrial Large Scale Practice
or Biosafety Class I organisms, we are able to maximize environmental and
employee safety while minimizing regulatory concerns. Through this strategy, we
have been successful in gaining regulatory clearance to use our genetically
modified microorganisms in our factories in the United States, Belgium and
Finland and in our research facilities in the United States and the Netherlands.
Compliance
To be able to commercialize our products around the world, we must
ensure that they are safe and suitable for their intended use and meet
applicable regulatory requirements. Their manufacture also must comply with all
existing regulations at our manufacturing sites. In order to meet this need, we
have an experienced internal regulatory and safety department that is involved
in projects from the earliest stage.
Animal Welfare Act
The Animal Welfare Act governs the humane handling, care, treatment and
transportation of certain animals used in research activities in the United
States. Mice are currently not subject to regulation under the Animal Welfare
Act. However, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which enforces the Animal
Welfare Act, is presently considering changing the regulations issued under the
Animal Welfare Act to include mice within its coverage. The Animal Welfare Act
imposes a wide variety of specific regulations on producers and users of animal
subjects, including specifications for the safe handling, care, treatment and
transport of animals covered. Currently, we house no animals at our facilities.
We believe that our housing facility vendors and external toxicology
laboratories are in compliance with the Animal Welfare Act.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 2003, we had 1,245 active employees in our
consolidated entities, including 94 with Ph.D. degrees and two with M.D.
degrees. We plan to expand our research and development and business operations
and hire additional staff as we expand our technology and market opportunities
and establish new strategic alliances and customer relationships. We continue to
search for qualified individuals with interdisciplinary training and flexibility
to address the various aspects and applications of our technologies. None of our
United States employees were represented by a labor union as of December 31,
2003. Employees at several of our foreign
15
locations are covered by collective labor agreements, including employees in
Argentina, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany and the Netherlands. We strive to
maintain strong working relationships with all the employee representatives.
WEBSITE ACCESS TO REPORTS
Through our Internet website, we make available free of charge our
Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on
Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports as soon as reasonably practicable
after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Our website address is
www.genencor.com, and these Reports can be accessed through the Investor
Relations section of our website. By including our website address in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K, we do not intend to include or incorporate by
reference the information on our website into this Annual Report on Form 10-K,
and under no circumstances shall such information be deemed to be included in or
incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
RISK FACTORS
Biotechnology and especially the development of products for the health
care market are areas of intense competition and high risk. While we believe
that our business is unique in its history and areas of focus, significant risk
factors, including those described below could harm our business, financial
condition, and/or results of operations.
IF WE FAIL TO DEVELOP PRODUCTS FOR THE HEALTH CARE AND BIOPRODUCTS MARKETS, WE
MAY NOT ACHIEVE A RETURN ON OUR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURES OR REALIZE
PRODUCT REVENUES FROM THESE MARKETS.
A key element of our business strategy is to utilize our technologies
for the development and delivery of new products to the health care market and
new sectors of the bioproducts market. We intend to continue to invest heavily
in research and development to develop products for these markets. The
successful development of these products, especially those in the health care
market, is highly uncertain and is dependent on numerous factors, many of which
are beyond our control, and may include the following:
- - The product may be ineffective or have undesirable side effects in
preliminary and commercial testing or, specifically in the health care
area, in preclinical and clinical trials;
- - The product may fail to receive necessary governmental and regulatory
approvals, or the government may delay regulatory approvals
significantly;
- - The product may not be economically viable because of manufacturing
costs or other factors;
- - The product may not gain acceptance in the marketplace; or
- - The proprietary rights of others or competing products or technologies
for the same application may preclude us from commercializing the
product.
Due to these factors we may never achieve a return on our research and
development expenditures or realize product revenues from the health care and
new bioproducts markets that we are targeting.
IF WE FAIL TO ENTER INTO STRATEGIC ALLIANCES WITH PARTNERS IN OUR TARGET MARKETS
OR FAIL TO INDEPENDENTLY RAISE ADDITIONAL CAPITAL, WE WILL NOT HAVE THE
RESOURCES NECESSARY TO CAPITALIZE ON ALL OF THE MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AVAILABLE
TO US.
We do not currently possess the resources necessary to independently
develop and commercialize products for all of the market opportunities that may
result from our technologies. We intend to form strategic alliances with
industry leaders in our target markets to gain access to funding for research
and development, expertise in areas we lack and distribution channels. We may
fail to enter into the necessary strategic alliances or fail to commercialize
the products anticipated from the alliances. Our alliances could be harmed if:
- - We fail to meet our agreed upon research and development objectives;
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- - We disagree with our strategic partners over material terms of the
alliances, such as intellectual property or manufacturing rights; or
- - Our strategic partners become competitors or enter into agreements with
our competitors.
New strategic alliances that we enter into, if any, may conflict with
the business objectives of our current strategic partners and negatively impact
existing relationships. In addition, to capitalize on the market opportunities
we have identified, we may need to seek additional capital, either through
private or public offerings of debt or equity securities. Due to market and
other conditions beyond our control, we may not be able to raise additional
capital on acceptable terms or conditions, if at all.
IF THE DEMAND FOR PROTEIN DEGRADING ENZYMES DECREASES OR IF MAJOR CUSTOMERS
REDUCE OR TERMINATE BUSINESS WITH US, OUR REVENUES COULD SIGNIFICANTLY DECLINE.
Our largest selling family of products, protein degrading enzymes, or
proteases, accounted for approximately 48% of our 2003 product revenues. If the
demand for proteases decreases or alternative proteases render our products
noncompetitive, our revenues could significantly decline.
In addition, our five largest customers collectively accounted for
approximately 53% of our 2003 product revenues, with our largest customer, The
Procter & Gamble Company, accounting for more than 35% of such revenues. Our
five largest customers in 2003 were Broin Group; Cargill, Incorporated; Danisco
Animal Nutrition - the feed ingredients business unit of Danisco A/S; The
Procter & Gamble Company; and Reckitt Benckiser, plc. Any one of these customers
may reduce their level of business with us. Should any of our largest customers
decide to reduce or terminate business with us, our revenues and profitability
could decline significantly.
We have arrangements of various durations with our major customers and
are routinely involved in discussions regarding the status of these
relationships. These discussions may lead to extensions or new commercial
arrangements, or may be unsuccessful. Our customer relationships involve
uncertainty by virtue of economic conditions, customer needs, competitive
pressures, our production capabilities and other factors. Consequently, we
expect that our customer base will continue to change over time as will the
nature of our relationships with individual customers, including major
customers.
WE INTEND TO ACQUIRE BUSINESSES, TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS; HOWEVER, WE MAY FAIL
TO REALIZE THE ANTICIPATED BENEFITS OF SUCH ACQUISITIONS AND WE MAY INCUR COSTS
THAT COULD SIGNIFICANTLY NEGATIVELY IMPACT OUR PROFITABILITY.
In the future, we may acquire other businesses, technologies and
products that we believe are a strategic fit with our business. If we undertake
any transaction of this sort, we may not be able to successfully integrate any
businesses, products, technologies or personnel that we might acquire without a
significant expenditure of operating, financial and management resources, if at
all. Further, we may fail to realize the anticipated benefits of any
acquisition. Future acquisitions could dilute our stockholders' interest in us
and could cause us to incur substantial debt, expose us to contingent
liabilities and could negatively impact our profitability.
IF WE ARE UNABLE TO SECURE OR MAINTAIN ADEQUATE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION
OR BECOME INVOLVED IN AN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DISPUTE, IT COULD SIGNIFICANTLY
HARM OUR FINANCIAL RESULTS AND ABILITY TO COMPETE.
The patent positions of biotechnology companies, including our patent
positions, can be highly uncertain and involve complex legal and factual
questions, and, therefore, enforceability is uncertain. We will be able to
protect our proprietary rights from unauthorized use by third parties only to
the extent that we protect our technologies with valid and enforceable patents
or as trade secrets. We rely in part on trade secret protection for our
confidential and proprietary information by entering into confidentiality
agreements and non-disclosure policies with our employees and consultants.
Nonetheless, confidential and proprietary information may be disclosed, and
others may independently develop substantially equivalent information and
techniques or otherwise gain access to our trade secrets.
We file patent applications in the United States and in foreign
countries as part of our strategy to protect our proprietary products and
technologies. The loss of significant patents or the failure of patents to issue
from pending patent applications that we consider significant could impair our
operations. In addition, third parties could successfully challenge, invalidate
or circumvent our issued patents or patents licensed to us so that our patent
rights would not create an effective competitive barrier. Further, we may not
obtain the patents or licenses to technologies that we will need to develop
products for our target markets. The laws of some foreign countries may also not
protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as United States
law.
17
Extensive litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property
rights is common in the biotechnology industry. In the ordinary course of
business, we periodically receive notices of potential infringement of patents
held by others and patent applications that may mature to patents held by
others. The impact of such claims of potential infringement, as may from time to
time become known to us, are difficult to assess. In the event of an
intellectual property dispute, we may become involved in litigation.
Intellectual property litigation can be expensive and may divert management's
time and resources away from our operations. The outcome of any such litigation
is inherently uncertain. Even if we are successful, the litigation can be costly
in terms of dollars spent and diversion of management time.
If a third party successfully claims an intellectual property right to
technology we use, it may force us to discontinue an important product or
product line, alter our products and processes, pay license fees, pay damages
for past infringement or cease certain activities. Under these circumstances, we
may attempt to obtain a license to this intellectual property; however, we may
not be able to do so on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. In addition,
regardless of the validity of such a claim, its mere existence may affect the
willingness of one or more customers to use or continue to use our products and,
thereby, materially impair our business.
Those companies with which we have entered or may enter into strategic
alliances encounter similar risks and uncertainties with respect to their
intellectual property. To the extent that any such alliance companies suffer a
loss or impairment of their respective technologies, we may suffer a
corresponding loss or impairment that may materially and adversely affect our
investments.
Also, our patent portfolio includes patents that are nearing the end of
their period of protection. While we do not expect to experience a material
adverse effect related to patent expirations in the near term, the expiration of
patents may submit us to new competition and price pressures that may lead to a
significant loss of product revenue.
FOREIGN CURRENCY FLUCTUATIONS AND ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONDITIONS IN FOREIGN
COUNTRIES COULD CAUSE OUR REVENUES AND PROFITS TO DECLINE.
In 2003, we derived approximately 55% of our product revenues from our
foreign operations. Our foreign operations generate sales and incur expenses in
local currency. As a result, we are exposed to market risk related to
unpredictable interest rates and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. We
recognize foreign currency gains or losses arising from our operations in the
period incurred. As a result, currency fluctuations between the U.S. Dollar and
the currencies in which we do business could cause our revenues and profits to
decline.
Product revenues denominated in Euros account for approximately 37% of
total product revenues in 2003, and the fluctuations in the currency exchange
rate against the U.S. Dollar can have a significant impact on our reported
product revenues.
We expect to continue to operate in foreign countries and that our
international sales will continue to account for a significant percentage of our
revenues. As such, we are subject to certain risks arising from our
international business operations that could be costly in terms of dollars
spent, the diversion of management's time, and revenues and profits, including:
- - Difficulties and costs associated with staffing and managing foreign
operations;
- - Unexpected changes in regulatory requirements;
- - Difficulties of compliance with a wide variety of foreign laws and
regulations;
- - Changes in our international distribution network and direct sales
forces;
- - Political trade restrictions and exchange controls;
- - Political, social, or economic unrest including armed conflict and acts
of terrorism;
- - Labor disputes including work stoppages, strikes and embargoes;
- - Inadequate and unreliable services and infrastructure;
- - Import or export licensing or permit requirements; and
- - Greater risk on credit terms and long accounts receivable collection
cycles in some foreign countries.
18
IF THE OWNERSHIP OF OUR COMMON STOCK CONTINUES TO BE HIGHLY CONCENTRATED, IT MAY
PREVENT OTHER STOCKHOLDERS FROM INFLUENCING SIGNIFICANT CORPORATE DECISIONS AND
MAY RESULT IN CONFLICTS OF INTEREST THAT COULD CAUSE OUR STOCK PRICE TO DECLINE.
After our initial public offering and continuing to the present,
Eastman Chemical Company and Danisco A/S and their affiliates, which we refer to
as our majority stockholders, each own in excess of 40% of our outstanding
common stock. Moreover, pursuant to a Stockholder Agreement, as amended, among
Eastman, Danisco and us, each of our majority stockholders also has the right
to nominate three of our ten directors. The majority stockholders will therefore
have the ability, in the event they act together, to control fundamental
corporate transactions requiring stockholder approval, including the election of
our directors, the approval of merger transactions involving us, and the sale of
all or substantially all of our assets or other business combination
transactions. The concentration of ownership of our common stock may have the
effect of either delaying or preventing a change to our control favored by our
other stockholders or accelerating or approving a change to our control opposed
by our other stockholders. In addition, the majority stockholders' control over
our management could create conflicts of interest between the majority
stockholders and us with respect to the allocation of corporate opportunities
and between the majority stockholders and other stockholders.
IF STOCKHOLDERS SELL LARGE NUMBERS OF SHARES OF OUR COMMON STOCK, OUR STOCK
PRICE COULD DECLINE.
The market price of our common stock could decline as a result of sales
of our stock into the public market or the perception that these sales could
occur. Our two majority stockholders, for example, hold more than 80% of our
common stock, and all of these shares are subject to registration rights. In
addition, we have a significant number of stock options outstanding with our
officers, directors and employees pursuant to our 2002 Omnibus Incentive Plan,
approved by our stockholders in May 2002, and its predecessor plan.
OUR STOCK PRICE HAS BEEN, AND MAY CONTINUE TO BE, PARTICULARLY VOLATILE.
The stock market from time to time, has experienced significant price
and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of
companies. The market prices for securities of biotechnology companies,
including ours, have been highly volatile in the period since our initial public
offering in July 2000 and may continue to be highly volatile in the future. Our
stock may be affected by this type of market volatility, as well as by our own
performance. The following factors, among other risk factors, may have a
significant effect on the market price of our common stock:
- - Developments in our relationships with current or future strategic
partners;
- - Conditions or trends in the biotechnology industry;
- - Announcements of technological innovations or new products by us or our
competitors;
- - Announcements by us or our competitors of significant acquisitions,
strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments;
- - Developments in patent or other intellectual proprietary rights or
announcements relating to these matters;
- - Investor concern regarding the public acceptance of the safety of
biotechnology products or announcements relating to these matters;
- - Litigation or governmental proceedings or announcements relating to
these matters;
- - Economic and other external factors or other disaster or crisis;
- - Future royalties from product sales, if any, by our licensees;
- - Sales of our common stock or other securities in the open market; and
- - Period-to-period fluctuations in our operating results.
19
WE EXPECT THAT OUR QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS WILL FLUCTUATE, AND THIS
FLUCTUATION COULD CAUSE OUR STOCK PRICE TO DECLINE, CAUSING INVESTOR LOSSES.
A large portion of our expenses, including expenses for facilities,
equipment and personnel, are relatively fixed. Accordingly, if product revenue
declines or does not grow as we anticipate or non-product revenue declines due
to the expiration or termination of strategic alliance agreements or the failure
to obtain new agreements or grants, we may not be able to correspondingly reduce
our operating expenses in any particular quarter. Our quarterly revenue and
operating results have fluctuated in the past and are likely to do so in the
future. If our operating results in some quarters fail to meet the expectations
of stock market analysts and investors, our stock price would likely decline.
Some of the factors that could cause our revenue and operating results to
fluctuate include:
- - The ability and willingness of strategic partners to commercialize
products derived from our technology or containing our products on
expected timelines;
- - Our ability to successfully commercialize products developed
independently and the rate of adoption of such products;
- - Fluctuations in consumer demand for products containing our
technologies or products, such as back to school sales of blue jeans
and other denim products, resulting in an increase in the use of
textile processing enzymes, and fluctuations in laundry detergent use
due to promotional campaigns run by consumer products companies; and
- - Fluctuations in geographic conditions including currency and other
economic conditions such as economic crises in Latin America or Asia
and increased energy and related transportation costs.
We also have incurred significant infrequently occurring charges within
given quarters, such as those incurred in conjunction with restructuring
activities and recognized investment income/expense from available-for-sale
marketable securities.
CONCERNS ABOUT GENETICALLY ENGINEERED PRODUCTS COULD RESULT IN OUR INABILITY TO
COMMERCIALIZE PRODUCTS.
We produce a significant amount of our products from genetically
modified microorganisms. We cannot predict public attitudes and acceptance of
existing or future products made from genetically modified microorganisms. As a
result, if we are not able to overcome the ethical, legal and social concerns
relating to safety and environmental hazards of genetic engineering, the general
public may not accept our products and this may prevent us from commercializing
products dependent on our technologies or inventions. In addition, public
attitudes may influence laws and regulations governing the ownership or use of
genetic material, which could result in greater government regulation of genetic
research and bioengineered products.
IF WE ARE SUBJECT TO A COSTLY PRODUCT LIABILITY DAMAGE CLAIM OR AWARD, OUR
PROFITS COULD DECLINE.
We may be held liable if any product we develop, or any product that a
third party makes with the use or incorporation of any of our products, causes
injury or is found otherwise unsuitable during product testing, manufacturing,
marketing or sale. Our current product liability insurance may not cover our
potential liabilities. Inability to obtain sufficient insurance coverage in the
future at an acceptable cost or otherwise to protect against potential liability
claims could prevent or inhibit the commercialization of products developed by
us or our strategic partners. If a third party sues us for any injury caused by
our products, our liability could exceed our insurance coverage amounts and
total assets and our profits could decline.
IF WE ARE SUBJECT TO COSTLY ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITY DUE TO THE USE OF HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS IN OUR BUSINESS, OUR PROFITS COULD DECLINE.
Our research and development processes involve the controlled use of
hazardous materials, including chemical, radioactive and biological materials.
Our operations also generate potentially hazardous waste. We cannot eliminate
entirely the risk of contamination or the discharge of hazardous materials and
any resultant injury from these materials. Federal, state, local and foreign
laws and regulations govern the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal
of these materials. Third parties may sue us for any injury or contamination
resulting from our use or the third party's use of these materials. Any accident
could partially or completely shut down our research and manufacturing
facilities and operations. In addition, if we are required to comply with any
additional applicable environmental laws and regulations, we may incur
additional costs, and any such current or future environmental regulations may
impair our research, development or production efforts.
20
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
We lease or own 30 facilities throughout the world. Our nine global
manufacturing facilities (eight currently serve our Bioproducts segment and one
has been constructed to serve our Health Care segment), which are located in
Cedar Rapids, Iowa; Rochester, New York; Beloit, Wisconsin; Hanko and
Jamsankoski, Finland; Brugge, Belgium; Jiangsu Province, China and Province De
Cordoba, Argentina, represent approximately four million liters of fermentation
capacity and provide the base for our 15 global distribution centers. We also
have 14 administrative and sales offices included in the 30 facilities. We lease
our principal offices located in 154,783, 43,944, and 29,000 square feet of
space in Palo Alto, California, Rochester, New York, and Leiden, the
Netherlands, respectively. Each site serves both of our business segments. The
leases for these facilities expire in 2017, 2009 and 2019, respectively. We
believe that our facilities are in good operating condition and that all real
property owned or leased is adequate for all present and near term uses.
Information concerning each of our manufacturing facilities is as
follows:
SITE OWNERSHIP BUSINESS SEGMENT
- -------------------------------------- ----------------------- ----------------
CEDAR RAPIDS Owned Bioproducts
Genencor International, Inc.
Cedar Rapids, Iowa
HANKO Owned Bioproducts
Genencor International OY
Hanko, Finland
BRUGGE Owned Bioproducts
Genencor International BVBA
Brugge, Belgium
JAMSANKOSKI Owned Bioproducts
Genencor International OY
Jamsankoski, Finland
ARROYITO Owned Bioproducts
Genencor International Argentina, S.A.
Prv. De Cordoba, Argentina
ROCHESTER CENTER FOR DEVELOPMENT Leased, 50 year term, Bioproducts
AND COMMERCIALIZATION expiring 2040, with
Genencor International, Inc. right to purchase for
Rochester, New York $1.00
ROCHESTER THERAPEUTIC PRODUCTION Building owned, on same Health Care
CENTER leased land parcel as
Genencor International, Inc. Rochester Center for
Rochester, New York Development and
Commercialization
BELOIT Owned Bioproducts
Genencor International Wisconsin, Inc.
Beloit, Wisconsin
WUXI Governmental land use Bioproducts
Genencor (Wuxi) Bio-Products Co., Ltd. rights to use land
Jiangsu Province, P.R. of China
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
As of the date of this Report, we are not engaged in any legal
proceeding that we believe will have a material adverse effect on our financial
condition.
21
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matter was submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth
quarter of 2003.
PART II.
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbol
"GCOR." The following table sets forth the high and low sale prices per share of
common stock, as reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market, during the periods
indicated.
Price
-------------------
High Low
Year ended December 31, 2002:
First Quarter....................................... $16.34 $ 9.54
Second Quarter...................................... $12.10 $ 8.30
Third Quarter....................................... $12.43 $ 6.74
Fourth Quarter...................................... $12.40 $ 7.88
Year ended December 31, 2003:
First Quarter....................................... $12.45 $ 8.37
Second Quarter...................................... $17.00 $10.02
Third Quarter....................................... $17.49 $14.46
Fourth Quarter...................................... $16.60 $14.22
The number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of March 5,
2004 was 59,311,284. As of such date there were approximately 5,700 holders of
our common stock. Our two largest stockholders, Eastman Chemical Company and
Danisco A/S, owned 50,000,000 shares of our common stock.
We did not pay any dividends on our common stock in 2002 or 2003. While
we are permitted to pay dividends, we currently expect to retain our future
earnings, if any, for use in the operation and expansion of our business and do
not anticipate paying cash dividends to our common stockholders in the
foreseeable future.
We had outstanding promissory notes of $14.6 million at December 31,
2001. This amount related to the exercise of stock options and purchase of
restricted shares by our executive officers during April 2000. In November 2001,
we allowed our executive officers to surrender 349,910 vested, restricted shares
to us at a value of $5.6 million, to pay principal and interest due on these
notes. On August 21, 2002, in order to eliminate all stock-related loans, the
executive officers surrendered 1,429,864 restricted shares at a value of $10.77
per share, to make full payment of the outstanding principal and accrued
interest on their obligations under these notes. We hold the surrendered shares
as treasury shares.
22
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in
conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, the notes to our
consolidated financial statements, and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations" included elsewhere in this
report. We derived the statement of operations and balance sheet data for the
five-year period ended December 31, 2003 from our audited consolidated financial
statements. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of future results.
2003 2002 2001 2000 1999
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Revenues:
Product revenue................................ $ 362,143 $ 329,337 $ 311,110 $ 300,978 $ 305,637
Fees and royalty revenues...................... 21,019 20,741 14,908 15,252 10,965
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total revenues................................. 383,162 350,078 326,018 316,230 316,602
Operating expenses:
Cost of products sold.......................... 207,483 186,383 172,986 172,265 176,756
Research and development....................... 72,534 70,190 60,103 50,858 43,955
Sales, marketing and business development...... 33,735 33,027 28,845 27,539 24,564
General and administrative..................... 33,559 34,635 29,913 25,818 22,984
Amortization of intangible assets.............. 5,682 5,563 9,966 10,478 10,032
Restructuring and related charges.............. -- 16,427 -- -- 7,500
Other (income)/expense......................... (2,081) (3,409) (507) (2,391) (845)
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total operating expenses....................... 350,912 342,816 301,306 284,567 284,946
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Operating income................................. 32,250 7,262 24,712 31,663 31,656
Non operating expenses/(income):
Investment expense/(income).................... 1,018 1,500 -- (16,577) --
Interest expense............................... 6,667 8,587 10,433 10,474 10,487
Interest income................................ (3,960) (5,207) (10,069) (7,752) (750)
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total non operating expenses/(income).......... 3,725 4,880 364 (13,855) 9,737
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Income before income taxes....................... 28,525 2,382 24,348 45,518 21,919
Provision for/(benefit from)income taxes......... 5,717 (3,415) 6,574 14,108 5,294
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net income..................................... $ 22,808 $ 5,797 $ 17,774 $ 31,410 $ 16,625
=========== =========== =========== =========== ===========
Net income available/(loss applicable) to
holders of common stock...................... $ 15,533 $ (1,478) $ 10,499 $ 24,135 $ 9,350
=========== =========== =========== =========== ===========
Earnings/(loss) per common share:
Basic........................................ $ 0.26 $ (0.02) $ 0.18 $ 0.44 $ 0.19
=========== =========== =========== =========== ===========
Diluted...................................... $ 0.26 $ (0.02) $ 0.17 $ 0.42 $ 0.19
=========== =========== =========== =========== ===========
Weighted average common shares:
Basic........................................ 58,767 59,257 59,888 54,504 50,000
=========== =========== =========== =========== ===========
Diluted...................................... 60,680 59,575 61,069 56,855 50,000
=========== =========== =========== =========== ===========
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------
2003 2002 2001 2000 1999
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET DATA
Cash and cash equivalents........................ $ 166,551 $ 169,001 $ 215,023 $ 200,591 $ 39,331
Working capital.................................. 223,044 203,043 233,511 248,236 82,414
Total assets..................................... 712,422 654,922 648,998 642,932 499,300
Total long-term debt and capital leases.......... 65,308 90,887 117,735 150,215 146,080
Total liabilities................................ 199,735 216,915 240,767 238,706 246,239
Redeemable preferred stock....................... 177,025 169,750 162,475 155,200 147,925
Total stockholders' equity....................... 335,662 268,257 245,756 249,026 105,136
A number of items impact the comparability of the selected consolidated
financial data:
- - In 2003, we sustained damage to our finished bioproducts
inventory of as a result of an accident in a third party warehouse in
Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Through December 31, 2003, we recorded
$12.7 million in other current assets as a receivable from our insurer
representing the estimated cost of lost inventory and other certain
costs. We also received cash payments of $4.9 million from our insurer
in 2003.
- - In 2002, we implemented a plan to restructure our supply
infrastructure which included our manufacturing facilities in Elkhart,
Indiana and Argentina, which resulted in restructuring and related
charges of $16.4 million. This plan was completed in 2002.
- - In 2002, we acquired Genencor International Wisconsin, Inc.
formerly known as Enzyme Bio-Systems Ltd. (EBS) for $35.8 million. We
also acquired the brewing and enzyme business of Rhodia Food UK Limited
for $8.9 million.
23
- - In 2002, our executive officers surrendered 1.4 million
restricted shares with a value $10.77 per share to eliminate all stock-
related loans.
- - In 2002, we paid our first of five annual installments of
$28.0 million on long-term debt on March 30.
- - In 2001, $28.0 million of long-term debt which was due March
30, 2002 was reclassified to current maturities of long-term debt.
- - In 2000, we completed an initial public offering of 8.05
million shares of common stock at a price of $18.00 per share,
including 7.0 million shares of common stock issued July 28, 2000 in
the initial offering and 1.05 million shares of common stock issued
August 25, 2000 pursuant to the exercise of the underwriters'
over-allotment option. The combined net proceeds raised from the
initial offering and the over-allotment option were $132.7 million.
- - In 2000, we realized a gain on the sale of marketable equity
securities of $16.6 million, $10.2 million tax-effected, and recognized
back royalties in connection with a settlement of patent infringement
claims of $3.5 million, $2.1 million tax-effected.
- - In 1999, we acquired an 80% ownership interest in Genencor
(Wuxi) Bio-Products Co. Ltd. We accounted for this transaction by the
purchase method of accounting. As of December 31, 2002, we increased
our ownership interest to 85% through contributions of cash and
technology.
- - In 1999, we implemented a plan to restructure our
manufacturing facility in Belgium. This plan was completed in the first
quarter of 2000.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of
operations should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial
statements and notes to those statements included in Item 8 of this Report. In
addition to disclosing results for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002
that are determined in accordance with United States' Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles ("GAAP"), the Company also discloses non-GAAP financial
measures that exclude the effects of restructuring and related charges recorded
in the 2002 period on consolidated net income available to common stockholders
and diluted earnings per share and on the operating income of its Bioproducts
segment. The Company is presenting non-GAAP financial measures excluding the
effects of the restructuring and related charges because the Company believes it
is useful for investors in assessing the Company's financial results compared to
the same period in the prior year. Within the text, in connection with each
non-GAAP financial measure presented, the Company has presented the most
directly comparable financial measure calculated in accordance with GAAP and has
provided a reconciliation of the differences between the non-GAAP financial
measure with its most directly comparable financial measure calculated and
presented in accordance with GAAP.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Leveraging over twenty years of experience, we use our molecular
technologies to develop products and deliver services for varied markets, some
on a global basis. Since our research and commercial expertise and competencies
are at the molecular level we can produce products and deliver services to many
different types of industries. Our current revenues result primarily from the
sale of enzyme products as ingredients or processing aids to the cleaning,
textiles, sweeteners, fuel ethanol and food, feed and specialties markets, and
from research funding, fees and royalties. In 2003, we expended $45.7 million on
our Bioproducts research and development programs. In addition to developing
products for our current Bioproduct markets, we are now involved in Bioproduct
research projects and programs that are directed toward providing new products
and services in the emerging fields of biomaterials, biochemicals and
nanotechnology. Furthermore, we expended $26.8 million in 2003 on our health
care programs. We believe that this diversification of our research and
development expenditures will increase the probability of achieving success in
our commercial portfolio and result in increased value for our stockholders.
In 2003, we achieved several accomplishments, including record product
revenues, impressive growth in our Bioproducts segment and improved financial
performance. In addition, we focused and advanced our Health Care segment. We
believe our financial strength and discipline allows us to be more selective in
business collaborations, provides funds for business growth and provides a
cushion against unfavorable financial events.
24
For the year ended December 31, 2003, total revenues increased by 9% to
$383.2 million, compared to $350.1 million in 2002. Product revenues were $362.1
million, compared to $329.3 million for the same period in 2002. Fees and
royalty revenues were $21.0 million in 2003 as compared to $20.7 million in the
prior year. Net income available to common stockholders was $15.5 million, or
$0.26 per diluted share, for the year ended December 31, 2003, compared to a
2002 net loss applicable to common stockholders of $1.5 million, or $0.02 per
diluted share. The 2002 results were impacted by restructuring and related
charges of $16.4 million, or $10.3 million on an after-tax basis. Without those
charges, we would have reported net income available to common stockholders of
$8.9 million or $0.15 per diluted share for the year ended December 31, 2002.
For 2003, we generated $32.3 million in operating income and $37.7 million in
cash flow from operations. We ended 2003 with $166.6 million in cash, even after
investing over $200.0 million in research and development and paying down $56.0
million on our senior notes over the past three years.
Our Bioproducts segment continued its steady growth in 2003, setting
company revenue records. With the successful integration of the brewing and
enzyme business of Rhodia Food UK Limited, which was acquired at the end of
2002, sales growth in 2003 was fueled largely by the food, feed and specialties
markets. We also experienced U.S. Dollar expansion in nearly all sectors. Driven
primarily by the strength of the Euro, the impact of foreign currency
translation increased our product revenues by 7%. We currently manufacture our
products at eight manufacturing facilities, which are located in the United
States, Finland, Belgium, China and Argentina. We conduct our sales and
marketing activities through our direct sales organizations in the United
States, the Netherlands, Singapore, Japan, China, United Kingdom and Argentina
and through other distribution channels in selected markets and geographies. In
total, we derived approximately 55% of our revenues from our foreign operations,
while in 2002 and 2001 these revenues were approximately 50%. As discussed in
Item 1 of this Report, our Bioproducts revenues were heavily influenced by
activities with our major customers, particularly The Procter & Gamble Company.
In total, sales to our five largest customers represented approximately 53% of
our product revenues in 2003.
With a focus on future growth in our Bioproducts segment, we extended our
long-standing collaborative relationship with The Procter & Gamble Company for
the continued creation of innovative new products primarily for the cleaning
industry. Also, in the specialties market, our scientists, working closely with
the HPA, continued development of a promising enzymatic process to inactivate
prions, the causative agent for mad cow disease. Furthermore, in 2003, the
demand for fuel ethanol continued to grow, and we believe we are well positioned
to provide innovative new products for this expanding market. We also remain
very encouraged by the progress being made in the emerging growth opportunities
of our Bioproducts segment, including personal care, biomaterials, Silicon
Biotechnology, and biomass conversion.
As more completely discussed under the heading "Warehouse Inventory Loss"
in this Item 7, we sustained damage to our finished bioproducts inventory in the
second quarter of 2003 as a result of an accident in a third party warehouse in
Rotterdam, the Netherlands. However, we do not expect to sustain a net financial
loss as a result of the accident.
In 2003, our Health Care segment successfully achieved two key objectives,
filing its first IND with the FDA to enable Phase I clinical testing of its HBV
immunotherapeutic product candidate and completing construction of its cGMP
facility in Rochester, New York. During the past year, we focused our Health
Care research and development programs to further concentrate on the core
competencies of protein engineering and targeting. With the objective of
creating a targeted biotherapeutics pipeline to address unmet medical needs, our
Heath Care segment also continues to evaluate appropriate in-licensing
opportunities in development-stage molecules that would supplement and
complement its internal pipeline.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In
preparation of those financial statements, we apply various accounting policies.
We also make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets, liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the
date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those
estimates. Although our accounting policies and certain estimates and
assumptions are disclosed within the notes to our consolidated financial
statements, the following is a discussion of the accounting policies, estimates
and assumptions we believe are most critical.
Principles of Consolidation
Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all
majority-owned subsidiaries. Investments in affiliates in which we have the
ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, are accounted for by
the equity method, which means that our investment in those entities is adjusted
at each balance sheet date to reflect capital contributions made, dividends
received and our
25
respective share of such affiliate's earnings or losses. All other investments
in affiliates, which are not material to our financial statements, are carried
at cost. In the normal course of business, we engage in transactions among our
affiliated entities. These intercompany transactions are eliminated in our
consolidated financial statements. All of our investments are in operating or
corporate holding companies, some of which may qualify under the definition of
variable interest entities as defined in Financial Accounting Standards Board
Interpretation No. 46R "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities." While we
have no material investments in variable interest entities, all such investments
have been appropriately reflected in the consolidated financial statements or
otherwise disclosed in the notes thereto.
Revenue Recognition
Our revenues consist of product revenues and fees and royalty revenues.
Fees and royalty revenues consist primarily of funded research, technology and
license fees and royalties. Our revenues are heavily influenced by business with
our major customers. Please refer to the discussion of major customers included
in Item 1 of this Report.
Product Revenue
Revenue from product sales is recognized upon shipment to customers.
We can group our existing products into three general categories: enzymes
that break down protein, enzymes that break down starch and enzymes that
break down cellulose.
Funded Research
Research funding revenues result from collaborative agreements with
various parties, including the U.S. Government, whereby we perform research
activities and receive revenues that partially reimburse expenses incurred.
Under such agreements we retain a proprietary interest in the products and
technology developed. These expense reimbursements primarily consist of
direct expense sharing arrangements and milestone payments. Revenues
related to expense sharing arrangements are recorded as the underlying
expenses are incurred. Milestone payments are contingent upon successful
completion of research activities and are recognized upon satisfaction of
those contingencies. Upfront research funding payments are recognized as
revenues on a straight-line basis over the term of the underlying research
agreement. Our funded research revenues are fully dependent upon our
progress on the underlying collaborative research projects and can vary
from period to period.
Technology and License Fees
Fees from the sale of technology are recognized upon completion of the
required technology transfer and substantial satisfaction of any
performance related responsibilities. License fees are recognized on a
straight-line basis over the term defined in the license agreement. In the
event there is no defined term, such as with permanent licenses, license
fees are recognized upon substantial satisfaction of any performance
related responsibilities. Our technology and license fees can vary from
period to period as a result of the number and timing of such transactions.
Royalty Revenue
Royalty revenue is recognized in accordance with the underlying
contract terms.
Research and Development
We expense research and development costs as incurred. Research and
development expenses include, but are not limited to, expenses for services
rendered related to our funded research activities. Accordingly, in the event
our funded research revenues fluctuate from period to period, the related
research and development expenses may also fluctuate.
Investments In Equity Securities
We hold minority interests in equity securities of certain publicly traded
and privately held companies having operations or technology within our
strategic area of focus. While we are selective in making such investments, once
we have obtained the securities, we are at risk for fluctuations in their fair
market value. If these securities experience declines in value which we consider
to be other than temporary, we will record an impairment charge to the extent of
that decline in value. Poor operating results experienced by these entities or
adverse changes in market conditions in the future may cause losses or an
inability to recover our carrying value of these investments. In 2003 we
recorded an investment loss of $1.0 million as a result of such circumstances.
26
Long-Lived Assets
Our long-lived assets consist primarily of property, plant and equipment,
goodwill, and other intangible assets. Other intangible assets primarily include
patents, licenses, technology, and customer lists. Investments in long-lived
assets are initially recorded at acquisition cost. We recognize depreciation on
all property, plant and equipment, except land, using the straight-line method
over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range from 3-40 years. We
also amortize our other intangible assets, except technology, on a straight-line
basis over estimated lives of 5-20 years. Land, goodwill and technology are
considered to have indefinite useful lives and are therefore not subject to
depreciation or amortization. At least annually, we evaluate whether the
remaining useful lives of our depreciable and amortizable assets are
appropriate. Changes in these useful lives can result in either increases or
decreases in the amount of depreciation and amortization expense recorded in our
statement of operations, reflecting shorter or longer lives, respectively.
In addition, we regularly assess all of our long-lived assets for
impairment when events or circumstances indicate their carrying amounts may not
be recoverable. This is accomplished by comparing the expected undiscounted
future cash flows of the assets with the respective carrying amount as of the
date of assessment. Should aggregate future cash flows be less than the carrying
value, a write-down would be required, measured as the difference between the
carrying value and the fair value of the asset. Fair value is estimated either
through independent valuation or as the present value of expected future cash
flows. If the expected undiscounted future cash flows exceed the respective
carrying amount as of the date of assessment, no impairment is recognized.
Our judgments related to the expected useful lives of long-lived assets and
our ability to realize undiscounted cash flows in excess of the carrying amounts
of such assets are affected by factors such as the ongoing maintenance and
improvements of the assets, changes in economic conditions and changes in
operating performance. While we believe the long-lived asset amounts recorded in
our balance sheet are properly stated as of December 31, 2003, as we make future
assessments of the ongoing expected cash flows and carrying amounts of our
long-lived assets, these factors could cause us to realize material impairment
charges.
Defined Benefit Pension and Post-Retirement Plans
As part of our overall employee benefits program, we have defined benefit
pension plans and a defined benefit postretirement plan. The assets, liabilities
and related expense of these plans are determined on an actuarial basis and are
affected by the estimated market-related value of plan assets, estimates of the
expected return on plan assets, discount rates, rates of increase of health care
costs, rates future compensation increases and other assumptions inherent in
these valuations. Our actuarial consultants also use subjective factors such as
withdrawal and mortality rates. The actuarial assumptions used may differ
materially from actual results due to changing market and economic conditions,
higher or lower withdrawal rates or longer or shorter life spans of
participants. We annually review the assumptions underlying the actuarial
calculations and makes changes to these assumptions as necessary.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Genencor International, Inc. 2002 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the OI Plan)
became effective on May 30, 2002 upon approval by the stockholders at our Annual
Meeting of Stockholders. Employees, outside directors, consultants, advisors and
independent contractors retained by us are eligible to participate in the OI
Plan. The OI Plan allows for the grant, at not less than 100% of the market
value as of the date of grant, of non-qualified and incentive stock options to
purchase the Company's common stock and stock appreciation rights (SARs), based
on the underlying value of the our common stock. The OI Plan also allows for the
grant of restricted and unrestricted stock awards, performance shares (stock or
stock-based awards contingent upon attaining performance objectives) or
performance units (units valued by reference to chosen criteria). Under the
terms of the OI Plan, the Company has the ability to grant awards representing
up to 6.8 million shares of common stock. In addition, any shares remaining, or
shares that become available under the predecessor plan will be available for
grant of awards under the OI Plan. Generally, stock options and SARs vest and
become exercisable, ratably over a three-year period and expire 10 years from
their grant date. Restrictions, if any, on stock awards generally expire at the
end of a three-year period.
We use the intrinsic value method to account for stock-based employee
compensation in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25
"Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" and have no current plans to convert
to the fair value method. Under the intrinsic value method, no compensation
expense is recorded for grants of stock-based awards when the grants have an
exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock at the date of
grant. Should the exercise price be below the fair market value on the date of
grant, we record this difference as a component of stockholders' equity and
amortize it as a charge to operations over the vesting period of the stock-based
award. For more information regarding our stock-based awards, including pro
forma disclosures of compensation expense had we employed the fair value method
under SFAS No. 123 "Accounting for Stock-Based
27
Compensation," as amended by SFAS No. 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation-Transition Disclosure," please refer to Note 11 - Employee Benefit
Plans included within Item 8 of this Report.
Income Taxes
The provision for/(benefit from) income taxes included within our statement
of operations is based upon pretax financial accounting income/(loss) and is
calculated using the liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are
determined based on differences between the financial statement and tax basis of
assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which
the differences are expected to reverse. Significant estimates are required in
determining our provision for/(benefit from) income taxes. Various internal and
external factors may have favorable or unfavorable effects on our future
consolidated effective tax rate. These factors include, but are not limited to,
changes in tax laws, regulations and/or rates, changing interpretations of
existing laws or regulations, future acquisitions or mergers, future levels of
research and development spending, future levels of capital expenditures, and
changes in overall levels of pretax earnings. Furthermore, we operate within
multiple taxing jurisdictions and are subject to audit by regulatory authorities
in these jurisdictions. These tax audits can involve complex issues, which may
require an extended period of time to resolve. We believe that we have
appropriately calculated our provision for/(benefit from) income taxes in light
of these uncertainties.
Our practice is to reinvest the earnings of our foreign subsidiaries into
operations. Deferred income taxes have not been provided on these earnings, as
we do not plan to initiate any action that would require the payment of related
U.S. income taxes. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of additional
tax that might be payable on these undistributed foreign earnings.
SUMMARY OF RESULTS
In 2003, we reported net income available to common stockholders of $15.5
million, or $0.26 per diluted share, compared to a net loss applicable to common
stockholders of $1.5 million, or a loss of $0.02 per diluted share for 2002.
During the year ended December 31, 2002, we recorded restructuring and related
charges of $16.4 million, or $10.3 million on an after-tax basis. Before these
charges, we would have reported net income available to common stockholders of
$8.9 million, or $0.15 per diluted share for the year ended December 31, 2002.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2003 and 2002
Revenues. Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003 increased
$33.1 million, or 9%, to $383.2 million from the year ended December 31, 2002,
due to an increase in product revenues and fees and royalty revenues.
Product Revenues. Product revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003
increased $32.8 million, or 10%, to $362.1 million from the year ended December
31, 2002. For the year ended December 31, 2003, unit volume/mix grew 7% along
with a positive currency impact of 7%, while average prices fell 4%. The
volume/mix increase was primarily driven by increased sales to our food, feed
and specialties markets. Also, we had increased volume/mix sales to our
cleaning, fuel ethanol, sweetener and textiles markets.
Regionally, North American product revenues for the year ended December 31,
2003 decreased $3.8 million, or 2%, to $152.9 million from the year ended
December 31, 2002, driven primarily by decreased sales to our sweetener,
cleaning and textiles markets, partially offset by increased sales to our fuel
ethanol and food, feed and specialties markets. Product revenues in Europe,
Africa and the Middle East for the year ended December 31, 2003 increased $28.7
million, or 24%, to $146.8 million from the year ended December 31, 2002, driven
primarily by increased sales to our food, feed and specialties, cleaning,
sweetener and textiles markets, partially offset by decreased sales to our fuel
ethanol market. Our product revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003 in
Latin America increased $1.3 million, or 10%, to $14.2 million from the year
ended December 31, 2002, due primarily to increased sales to our sweeteners,
food, feed and specialties and textiles markets, partially offset by decreased
sales to our cleaning market. Product revenues in the Asia Pacific region for
the year ended December 31, 2003 increased $6.6 million, or 16%, to $48.2
million from the year ended December 31, 2002, driven primarily by increased
sales to our cleaning, textiles, sweetener, food, feed and specialties and fuel
ethanol markets.
Fees and Royalty Revenues. Fees and royalty revenues increased $0.3
million, or 1%, to $21.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 from the
year ended December 31, 2002.
28
Funded research revenues decreased $0.1 million, or 1%, to $19.4 million
for the year ended December 31, 2003 from the year ended December 31, 2002.
Revenues generated by research funding result from collaborative agreements with
various parties, including the U.S. Government, whereby we perform research
activities and receive revenues that partially reimburse us for expenses
incurred. Under such agreements, we retain a proprietary interest in the
products and technology developed. Our funded research revenue as it relates to
U.S. Government collaborations decreased $0.9 million, or 24%, to $2.8 million
for the year ended December 31, 2003 from the year ended December 31, 2002,
primarily due to completion of our initial agreement with the NREL to develop
improvements in the enzymatic process to convert biomass into ethanol. Funded
research revenues provided by customers increased $0.8 million, or 5%, to $16.6
million for the year ended December 31, 2003 from the year ended December 31,
2002, primarily driven by funding from our strategic alliance with the Dow
Corning Corporation.
Royalty revenues are based on the sales of customers' products produced
using our technology. These royalties increased $0.3 million, or 27%, to 1.4
million for the year ended December 31, 2003 from the year ended December 31,
2002.
License fees for the year ended December 31, 2003 increased $0.1 million,
to $0.2 million from the year ended December 31, 2002. These fees are related to
the sale of rights to third parties for the use of our technology and patents to
manufacture products.
Operating Expenses
Cost of Products Sold. Cost of products sold increased $21.1 million, or
11%, to $207.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 from the year ended
December 30, 2002. Our expanded sales volume/mix increased costs by $13.5
million, along with increases of $13.7 million due to the impact of the U.S.
Dollar against foreign currencies, primarily the Euro. These increases were
partially offset by lower unit production costs of $6.1 million.
Gross Profit and Margins from Products Sold. Gross profit from products
sold increased $11.7 million, or 8%, to $154.6 million for the year ended
December 31, 2003 from the year ended December 31, 2002. This increase in gross
profit was primarily driven by a $9.7 million favorable impact of the weaker
U.S. Dollar against foreign currencies, primarily the Euro, lower unit
production costs of $6.1 million and the sales volume/mix increase of 7%. These
increases were partially offset by the 4% decline in average selling prices. As
a result of these factors however, gross margin on product revenue decreased to
42.7% for the year ended December 31, 2003 from 43.4% for the year ended
December 31, 2002, primarily driven by the impact of lower average selling
prices.
Research and Development. Research and development expenses primarily
consist of the personnel-related, consulting, and facilities costs incurred in
connection with our research activities in Palo Alto, California, and Leiden,
the Netherlands. These expenses increased $2.3 million, or 3%, to $72.5 million
for the year ended December 31, 2003 from the year ended December 31, 2002, due
primarily to an increase in personnel-related costs, including salaries,
benefits, travel expenses and other costs of $5.0 million and facilities expense
of $0.5 million, partially offset by a decrease in incentive compensation costs
of $0.5 million, outside services costs of $2.5 million and supply costs of $0.3
million. As a part of total research and development expenses, estimated
expenses related to research collaborations partially funded by customers
decreased $2.3 million, or 15%, to $13.1 million for the year ended December 31,
2003 from the year ended December 31, 2002.
Sales, Marketing and Business Development. Sales, marketing and business
development expenses primarily consist of the personnel-related and marketing
costs incurred by our global sales force. These expenses increased $0.7 million,
or 2%, to $33.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 from the year ended
December 31, 2002, due primarily to increased personnel-related costs, including
salaries, benefits and travel expenses of $0.8 million and other expenses that
totaled $1.2 million, partially offset by a decrease in incentive compensation
costs of $1.3 million.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses include the
costs of our corporate executive, finance, information technology, legal, human
resources, and communications functions. In total, these expenses decreased $1.0
million, or 3%, to $33.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 from the
year ended December 31, 2002 due primarily to decreased outside service costs of
$2.4 million, incentive compensation costs of $0.9 million and advertising and
promotions costs of $0.5 million, partially offset by a increase in
personnel-related costs, including salaries, benefits, and travel expenses of
$2.7 million.
Amortization of Intangible Assets. We amortize our definite-lived
intangible assets, consisting primarily of patents, licenses and customer lists,
on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Amortization expense
increased $0.1 million, or 2%, to $5.7 million for the year ended December 31,
2003 from the year ended December 31, 2002 due primarily to the purchase of
intangible assets on December 31, 2002, discussed below under the heading
"Acquisition," partially offset by certain assets becoming fully amortized
during 2003.
29
Other Income and Expense. Other income and expense relates primarily to
foreign currency exchange gains and losses on transactions denominated in other
than the functional currency of the entity in which the transaction occurred.
Other income for the year ended December 31, 2003 decreased $1.3 million, or
38%, to $2.1 million from the year ended December 31, 2002, primarily due to a
decrease in the Argentine Peso and Euro-driven foreign currency transaction
gains of $2.7 million from 2002, partially offset by a net gain of $1.9 million
on settlement of certain commercial matters with a customer in 2003.
Deferred Compensation. We measure deferred compensation for options granted
to employees as the difference between the grant price and the fair value of our
common stock on the date we granted the options.
On June 6, 2003, we granted 46,500 shares of restricted common stock
to certain executive officers. These restricted shares were granted at fair
market value at the date of grant and the restrictions on these awards expire
three years from the date of grant. Deferred compensation expense of $0.7
million was recorded in connection with these awards and was determined based on
the number of granted restricted shares and the fair market value on the grant
date. This amount was recorded as a component of stockholders' equity and will
be amortized as a charge to operations over the vesting period of the awards.
On November 6, 2002, we granted 75,000 shares of restricted common stock to
our chief executive officer. These restricted shares were granted at fair market
value at the date of grant and the restrictions on the award expire three years
from the date of grant. Deferred compensation expense of $0.8 million was
recorded in connection with the award and was determined based on the number of
granted restricted shares and the fair market value on the grant date. This
amount was recorded as a component of stockholders' equity and will be amortized
as a charge to operations over the vesting period of the award.
In connection with the grant of stock options to employees during 2000,
amortization of deferred compensation expense for the year ended December 31,
2003 was $0.4 million. For the year ended December 31, 2002, these awards
resulted in an expense of $3.2 million, which included the acceleration of
deferred compensation expense related to elimination of all stock-related loans
resulting from the surrender to us of approximately 1.4 million restricted
shares by certain executive officers.
In total, amortization of deferred stock-based compensation expense was
$0.8 million and $3.7 million in 2003 and 2002, respectively, and was reported
in our Consolidated Statement of Operations as follows (in millions):
2003 2002
---- ----
Cost of products sold.................................. $ - $ 0.4
Research and development............................... 0.3 0.7
Sales, marketing and business development.............. 0.1 1.3
General and administrative............................. 0.4 1.3
--------- ---------
Total amortization of deferred compensation expense.... $ 0.8 $ 3.7
========= =========
Non Operating Expense and Income
Investment Expense. We recorded an investment loss of $1.0 million for the
year ended December 31, 2003, as a result of our assessment of an "other than
temporary" decline in the fair market value of an investment in certain common
stock. For the year ended December 31, 2002 we recorded an investment loss of
$1.5 million, resulting from an impairment loss on certain preferred stock.
Interest Income. Interest income decreased $1.2 million, or 23%, to $4.0
million for the year ended December 31, 2003 from the year ended December 31,
2002 due mainly to lower interest rates associated with U.S. Dollar and the
Euro.
Income Taxes. The effective income tax rate for the year ended December 31,
2003 was a 20% tax expense, compared to a 143% tax benefit for the year ended
December 31, 2002. Factors that affect our estimated annual effective income tax
rate include increased research and development expenditures in the United
States, the statutory income tax rates in foreign jurisdictions and the relative
amount of income in each jurisdiction, other operating expense increases and
other items which are not deductible for tax purposes, and research and
experimentation tax credits. In addition, the estimated annual effective rate
for the year ended December 31, 2003 includes the effect of estimated valuation
allowances on certain U.S. tax credits. The effective rate for the year ended
December 31, 2002 was driven by estimated annual tax benefits from operating
losses in high tax jurisdictions, partially offset by taxes on operating income
generated in low tax jurisdictions. The rate for the year ended December 31,
2002 also included the effect of the restructuring and related charges. The tax
benefit related to these restructuring and related charges was approximately
$6.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2002.
30
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2002 and 2001
Revenues. Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased
$24.1 million, or 7%, to $350.1 million from the year ended December 31, 2001,
due to an increase in product revenues and fees and royalty revenues.
Product Revenues. Product revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002
increased $18.2 million, or 6%, to $329.3 million from the year ended December
31, 2001. Without the impact of foreign currency translation, primarily the Euro
and the Argentine Peso against the U.S. Dollar, product revenues in 2002 would
have increased to $330.7 million. In 2002, unit volume/mix grew 8%, while
average prices fell 2%. Volume/mix increased primarily due to increased textile
sales and increased sales volume to our grain processing markets, including fuel
ethanol.
Regionally, North American product revenues for the year ended December 31,
2002 increased $9.3 million, or 6%, to $156.7 million from the year ended
December 31, 2001, driven primarily by increased sales to our grain processing
markets, partially offset by decreased sales to a major customer. Product
revenues in Europe, Africa and the Middle East for the year ended December 31,
2002 increased $9.6 million, or 9%, to $118.1 million from the year ended
December 31, 2001, driven primarily by increased sales to a major customer and
increased sales to our grain processing markets, partially offset by decreased
sales to our cleaning and fabric care markets. Our product revenues for the year
ended December 31, 2002 in Latin America declined $6.1 million, or 32%, to $12.9
million from the year ended December 31, 2001, due primarily to decreased sales
to our cleaning and fabric care markets, partially offset by increased sales to
a major customer and increased sales to our grain processing markets. Product
revenues in the Asia Pacific region for the year ended December 31, 2002
increased $5.4 million, or 15%, to $41.6 million from the year ended December
31, 2001, driven primarily by increased sales to our grain processing markets
and increased sales to our textiles markets.
Fees and Royalty Revenues. Fees and royalty revenues increased $5.8
million, or 39%, to $20.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 from the
year ended December 31, 2001.
Funded research revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased
$7.3 million, or 60%, to $19.5 million from the year ended December 31, 2001.
Revenues generated by research funding result from collaborative agreements with
various parties, including the U.S. Government, whereby we perform research
activities and receive revenues that partially reimburse us for expenses
incurred. Under such agreements, we retain a proprietary interest in the
products and technology developed. Our funded research revenues of $3.7 million
for the year ended December 31, 2002, as it relates to U.S. Government
collaborations did not change from the year ended December 31, 2001. Funded
research revenues provided by customers increased $7.3 million, or 86%, to $15.8
million for the year ended December 31, 2002 from the year ended December 31,
2001 primarily due to an increase in strategic collaborative research and
development agreements.
Royalties for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased $0.2 million, or
22%, to $1.1 million from the year ended December 31, 2001.
License fees for the year ended December 31, 2002 decreased $1.7 million,
or 94%, to $0.1 million from the year ended December 31, 2001. The 2001 fees
related to the sale of rights to a third party for the use of our technology and
patents to manufacture products.
Operating Expenses
Cost of Products Sold. Cost of products sold for the year ended December
31, 2002 increased $13.4 million, or 8%, to $186.4 million from the year ended
December 31, 2001. Our expanded sales volume/mix increased costs $8.8 million
along with the sale of higher cost inventories of approximately $11.2 million,
which was offset by the impact of the stronger U.S. Dollar against foreign
currencies of $6.6 million.
Gross Profit and Margins from Products Sold. Gross profit from products
sold increased $4.8 million, or 3%, to $142.9 million for the year ended
December 31, 2002 from the year ended December 31, 2001. This overall increase
was caused by significant product revenue related factors including an 8%
increase in volume/mix being processed through our plants, partially offset by
an average price decline of 2%. This net increase in gross profit was also
driven by a $5.2 million increase due to the impact of the weaker U.S. Dollar
against foreign currencies. As a result of these factors, however, gross margin
on product revenue decreased to 43.4% in 2002 from 44.4% in 2001, primarily
driven by operating both Elkhart, Indiana and Beloit, Wisconsin facilities since
the acquisition. Production ceased at our Elkhart, Indiana facility in September
2002.
Research and Development. Research and development expenses primarily
consist of the personnel-related, consulting, and facilities costs incurred in
connection with our research activities in Palo Alto, California, and Leiden,
the Netherlands. These expenses increased $10.1 million, or 17%, to $70.2
million for the year ended December 31, 2002 from the year ended December 31,
2001 as we increased our investment in technology and product development for
new markets and established additional outside
31
collaborations to support our health care and other initiatives. As a part of
total research and development expenses, estimated expenses related to research
collaborations partially funded by customers increased approximately $4.0
million, or 35%, to $15.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 from the
year ended December 31, 2001.
Sales, Marketing and Business Development. Sales, marketing and business
development expenses primarily consist of the personnel-related and marketing
costs incurred by our global sales force. These expenses increased $4.2 million,
or 15%, to $33.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 from the year
ended December 31, 2001, due primarily to increased personnel-related costs,
including salaries, benefits and travel expenses, of $3.3 million, incentive
compensation costs of $0.8 million, employee programs of $0.3 million, partially
offset by a decrease in outside services of $0.3 million.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses include the
costs of our corporate executive, finance, information technology, legal, human
resources, and communications functions. In total, these expenses increased $4.7
million, or 16%, to $34.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 from the
year ended December 31, 2001 due primarily to increased personnel-related costs,
including salaries, benefits, and travel expenses of $1.5 million, outside
services of $3.0 million, and incentive compensation costs of $0.5 million
partially offset by a decrease in employee programs and other miscellaneous
expenses.
Amortization of Intangible Assets. We amortize our definite-lived
intangible assets, consisting primarily of patents, licenses and customer lists,
on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Amortization expense
decreased $4.4 million, or 44%, to $5.6 million for the year ended December 31,
2002 from the year ended December 31, 2001 due primarily to the implementation
of SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets."
Other Income and Expense. Other income and expense relates primarily to
foreign currency exchange gains and losses on transactions denominated in other
than the functional currency of the entity in which the transaction occurred.
Other income for the year ended December 31, 2002 increased $2.9 million to $3.4
million from the year ended December 31, 2001 due primarily to an increase in
foreign currency transaction gains.
Deferred Compensation. We measure deferred compensation for options granted
to employees as the difference between the grant price and the fair value of our
common stock on the date we granted the options. In connection with the grant of
stock options to employees during 2000, amortization of deferred compensation
expense for the year ended December 31, 2002 was $3.2 million, which included
the acceleration of certain amortization as discussed under the heading "
Related Party Transactions," and for the year ended December 31, 2001 was $2.0
million.
On November 6, 2002, we granted 75,000 shares of restricted common stock to
our chief executive officer. These restricted shares were granted at fair market
value at the date of grant and the restrictions on the award expire three years
from the date of grant. Deferred compensation expense of $0.8 million was
recorded in connection with the award and was determined based on the number of
granted restricted shares and the fair market value on the grant date. This
amount was recorded as a component of stockholders' equity and will be amortized
as a charge to operations over the vesting period of the award.
During the fourth quarter of 2001, we converted previously issued stock
appreciation rights (SARs) to stock options. As a result, the SARs were canceled
and new stock options were granted at the exercise price and with vesting
beginning as of the grant date of the previously issued SARs. For the new stock
options, stock-based compensation was then calculated as the difference between
the exercise price and the estimated fair value of the new stock options on the
conversion date. We recognized compensation expense of $0.3 million in 2002
related to this conversion of SARs to stock options.
In total, amortization of deferred stock-based compensation expense was
$3.7 million and $3.3 million in 2002 and 2001, respectively, and was reported
in our Consolidated Statement of Operations as follows (in millions):
2002 2001
---- ----
Cost of products sold.................................. $ 0.4 $ 0.3
Research and development............................... 0.7 1.0
Sales, marketing and business development.............. 1.3 1.1
General and administrative............................. 1.3 0.9
--------- ---------
Total amortization of deferred compensation expense.... $ 3.7 $ 3.3
========= =========
32
Non Operating Expense and Income
Investment Expense/Income. Investment loss was $1.5 million for the year
ended December 31, 2002, resulting from an impairment loss recorded on certain
preferred stock. There was no such investment income or loss in the year ended
December 31, 2001.
Interest Income. Interest income decreased $4.9 million, or 49%, to $5.2
million for the year ended December 31, 2002 from the year ended December 31,
2001 due mainly to lower cash balances and lower interest rates.
Income Taxes. The effective income tax rate for the year ended December 31,
2002 was a 143% tax benefit, compared to a 27% tax expense for the year ended
December 31, 2001. The effective rate for the year ended December 31, 2002 was
driven by estimated tax benefits from operating losses in high tax
jurisdictions, partially offset by taxes on operating income generated in low
tax jurisdictions. Factors that affect our estimated annual effective income tax
rate include increased research and development expenditures in the United
States, the statutory in come tax rates in foreign jurisdictions and the
relative amount of income in each jurisdiction, amortization of certain
intangible assets, other operating expense increases, other items which are not
deductible for tax purposes, and research and development tax credits. The rate
also included the effect of the restructuring and related charges. The tax
benefit related to these restructuring and related charges was approximately
$6.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2002.
FINANCIAL RESULTS BY SEGMENT
During 2003, we modified our managerial financial reporting to provide
information that aligns with the two-segment structure of Bioproducts and Health
Care. Accordingly, we have provided financial data in this new financial
segment-reporting format for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001.
The Bioproducts segment develops and delivers products and services for the
industrial, consumer and agri-processing markets to a global customer base. All
of our current product revenues are derived from this segment. For the year
ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, the Bioproducts segment achieved
operating income of $65.4 million, $44.6 million and $48.0 million,
respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2002, Bioproducts recorded
restructuring and related costs of $16.4 million. Before these restructuring and
related charges, the segment would have reported operating income of $61.0
million for the year ended December 31, 2002.
The Health Care segment is primarily engaged in the performance of research
and development, securing intellectual property and the establishment of
strategic investments and collaborations in support of our product objectives in
the health care market. For the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001,
the Health Care segment experienced operating losses of $33.6 million, $40.9
million and $24.1 million, respectively.
ACQUISITION
On December 31, 2002, we acquired the brewing and enzyme business of Rhodia
Food UK Limited for a total cash purchase price of $8.9 million. Due to the
effect of foreign currency translation, additional acquisition costs and the
sale of certain acquired assets, the adjusted purchase price was $10.5 million
as of December 31, 2003. The acquisition included technology, product lines and
personnel, and expanded our bioproducts portfolio and technical service
capabilities in the food, feed and specialties enzyme market. No facilities were
included in the transaction. The acquisition has been accounted for under the
purchase method in accordance with SFAS No. 141, "Business Combinations." The
results of operations of the acquired business were consolidated in our results
of operations beginning January 1, 2003.
At December 31, 2003 the total purchase price of $10.5 million was
separated into major classes of intangible assets, $10.3 million has been
classified as other intangible assets and will be amortized over a period of
approximately 15 years starting January 1, 2003. The remaining $0.2 million has
been classified as technology. This technology has been determined to have an
indefinite life and will not be amortized.
During February 2002, we acquired EBS, now known as Genencor International
Wisconsin, Inc., from Corn Products International, Inc. for a total cash
purchase price of $35.8 million and the assumption of $1.0 million in debt. As
part of this transaction, we entered into a seven-year supply agreement for a
majority of Corn Products International, Inc.'s North American enzyme
requirements. The acquisition has been accounted for under the purchase method.
33
RESTRUCTURING ACTIVITIES
During February 2002, as a result of the acquisition of EBS and general
economic conditions in Latin America, including the devaluation of the Argentine
Peso, we engaged in a plan to restructure our overall supply infrastructure by
ceasing operations at our Elkhart, Indiana plant and downsizing our Argentine
facilities. As a result of the plan, restructuring and related charges of $16.4
million were recorded in our operating earnings for the year ended December 31,
2002. This restructuring was completed during 2002.
WAREHOUSE INVENTORY LOSS
We sustained damage to our finished bioproducts inventory during the three
months ended June 30, 2003, as a result of an accident in a third party
warehouse in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Consequently, through December 31,
2003, we reduced our inventories by approximately $7.7 million to reflect the
estimated amount of product that was lost and recorded approximately $5.0
million of other costs as receivable from its insurer. Of this amount, we
received cash payments of approximately $4.9 million from our insurer in 2003.
In addition, there are certain accident-related reduced profits and additional
costs that are reflected in the results of operations for 2003. While we
continue to believe that these reduced profits and additional costs will be
subject to insurance recovery, we are unable to estimate the ultimate amount of
the recovery at this time.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Danisco A/S and its affiliates purchased products from us for approximately
$13.0 million, $11.0 million and $9.0 million during the years ended December
31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. We purchased products from and/or through
these related parties for approximately $2.0 million, $3.0 million and $4.0
million during the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively.
Also, we received approximately $0.1 million and $0.4 million in fees and
royalty revenues from a Danisco affiliate during 2003 and 2002, respectively. No
such fees and royalty revenues were received in 2001. These revenues were
received under a collaboration agreement for the development and
commercialization of enzymes for the animal feed market. In October 2000, we
signed an exclusive four-year agreement with Danisco A/S for the development of
innovative bioingredients for the food industry. During the years ended December
31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, we received approximately $1.5 million, $1.1 million
and $1.3 million, respectively, in fees and royalty revenues under this
agreement.
The Company had outstanding relocation-related notes receivable with
balances totaling $3.4 million and $3.2 million from officers of the Company at
December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The notes are non-interest bearing and
are due at the conclusion of five years from the date of issuance. Accordingly,
interest income is imputed at 3.97% to 6.80% per year on the notes, with an
offset recorded as compensation expense.
We had outstanding promissory notes of $14.6 million at December 31, 2001.
This amount related to the exercise of stock options granted to executive
officers during April 2000. In November 2001, we allowed our executive officers
to surrender 0.35 million vested, restricted shares to us at a value of $5.6
million, to pay principal and interest due on these notes. On August 21, 2002,
in order to eliminate all stock-related loans, the executive officers
surrendered 1.4 million restricted shares at a value of $10.77 per share, to
make full payment of the outstanding principal and accrued interest on their
obligations under these notes. We hold the surrendered shares as treasury
shares.
We also granted the executive officers 1.8 million stock options at $10.77
per share under our 2002 OI Plan approved by stockholders on May 30, 2002, of
which 0.6 million were fully vested upon issuance.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our funding needs consist primarily of capital expenditures, research and
development activities, sales and marketing expenses, and expenses for general
corporate purposes. We have financed our operations primarily through cash from
the sale of products, the sale of stock, research and development funding from
partners, government grants, and short-term and long-term borrowings.
We believe that our current cash and cash equivalent balances plus funds to
be provided from our current year operating activities, together with those
available under our line of credit, will satisfy our funding needs for at least
the next twelve months. Factors that could negatively impact our cash position
include, but are not limited to, future levels of product revenues, fees and
royalty revenues, expense levels, capital expenditures, acquisitions, and
foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.
34
As of December 31, 2003, cash and cash equivalents totaled $166.6 million.
The funds were invested in short-term instruments, including, A-1/P-1 and
A-2/P-2 rated commercial paper, AAA/Aaa and AA/Aa2 rated medium term notes, as
rated by Standard and Poor & Moody's respectively. Additionally the funds were
invested in institutional money market funds, auction rate preferred securities
and bank deposits.
Cash provided by operations was $37.7 million, $38.5 million and $51.1
million for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively. The
decrease of $0.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 from the year
ended December 31, 2002, was driven by an increase in operating earnings, net of
non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization, which was more than offset
by changes in operating assets and liabilities, principally due to our efforts
to rebuild inventories and settle our outstanding receivable relative to the
warehouse accident that occurred in the second quarter of 2003. The decrease of
$12.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 from the year ended December
31, 2001 was generated primarily by the receipt during the fourth quarter of
2001 of a $12.0 million upfront payment from our strategic alliance with the Dow
Corning Corporation, which was then deferred and amortized into earnings over
the initial two-year research phase.
Cash used in investing activities was $31.6 million, $68.5 million, and
$33.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002, and 2001,
respectively. Purchases of property, plant and equipment totaled $32.8 million,
$19.6 million, and $24.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002,
and 2001, respectively. A significant portion of this spending included process
improvement projects at our manufacturing and research and development
facilities and information technology enhancements. Also, during the third
quarter of 2003 we completed construction of a facility for the clinical-scale
manufacture of human therapeutic proteins in Rochester, New York. Equipment
installation and facility start-up and validation are currently under way.
Capital projects in process at December 31, 2003 relate primarily to further
manufacturing process improvements and information technology system
enhancements.
Cash used in investing activities decreased $36.9 million for the year
ended December 31, 2003 from the year ended December 31, 2002. This was driven
primarily by the 2002 acquisitions of EBS and the brewing and enzyme business of
Rhodia Food UK Limited totaling $44.7 million and the purchase of equity
securities in 2002 of $4.5 million, partially offset by the increase in 2003
capital expenditures of $13.2 million. Also, cash used in investing activities
for 2003 included $1.1 million in proceeds from the sale of certain acquired
assets as discussed above in "Acquisitions." Cash used in investing activities
increased $34.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 from the year ended
December 31, 2001. This was driven primarily by the 2002 acquisitions of EBS and
the brewing and enzyme business of Rhodia Food UK Limited totaling $44.7 million
partially offset by the decrease in capital expenditures from 2001 of $5.1
million coupled with the 2001 purchase of intangible assets of $4.1 million.
Cash used in financing activities decreased $6.3 million for the year ended
December 31, 2003 from the year ended December 31, 2002. This decrease in cash
used in financing activities was primarily a result of a 2003 increase in cash
provided by the exercise of stock options. Cash used in financing activities
increased $26.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 from the year ended
December 31, 2001. This increase was primarily a result of our payment of the
first installment of $28.0 million on our senior debt made March 30, 2002,
partially offset by the cash provided by our Employee Stock Purchase Plan of
$1.5 million. No dividends were paid to common stockholders during 2003, 2002,
and 2001. While we are permitted to pay dividends, we currently intend to retain
future earnings to finance the expansion of our business. Any future
determination to pay cash dividends to our common stockholders will be at the
discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon our financial
condition, results of operations, capital requirements, general business
conditions and other factors that the board of directors may deem relevant,
including covenants in our debt instruments that may limit our ability to
declare and pay cash dividends on our capital stock. Covenants in our senior
note agreement restrict the payment of dividends or other distributions in cash
or other property to the extent the payment puts us in default of these
covenants. Such covenants include, but are not limited to, maintaining a debt to
total capitalization of no greater than 55% and a maximum ratio of debt to
earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) of
3.5:1.
On December 23, 2003, we entered into a new $40.0 million revolving credit
facility with a syndicate of banks, which is available for general corporate
purposes. The new facility replaced the previous $40.0 million facility, which
was to expire on January 31, 2004. The new credit facility, which consists of a
credit agreement, makes available to the Company $40.0 million of committed
borrowings and expires on December 23, 2006. The credit facility carries fees of
0.25% on the amount of unborrowed principal under the agreement. As of December
31, 2003, there were no borrowings under the facility.
Our long-term debt consists primarily of the 6.82% senior notes issued in
1996 to certain institutional investors. The remaining principal amount of these
notes is $84.0 million. Annual installment payments of $28.0 million commenced
on March 30, 2002. We are currently in compliance with the financial covenants
included in the senior note agreement.
35
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December
31, 2003 (in millions):
PAYMENTS DUE BY PERIOD
------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL LESS THAN 1 YEAR 1-3 YEARS 3-5 YEARS MORE THAN 5 YEARS
----- ---------------- --------- --------- -----------------
Long-term debt..................... $ 92.6 $ 34.2 $ 58.2 $ 0.1 $ 0.1
Capital leases..................... 10.3 0.7 1.5 1.4 6.7
Operating leases................... 45.7 4.3 8.3 7.7 25.4
Purchase obligations............... 8.2 6.5 1.7 - -
Other long-term liabilities........ 7.2 - 2.3 1.2 3.7
------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Total....................... $164.0 $ 45.7 $ 72.0 $ 10.4 $ 35.9
====== ====== ====== ====== ======
Purchase obligations are agreements to purchase goods or services that are
enforceable and legally binding upon us. Included in this category are capital
commitments and agreements to purchase raw materials with fixed volumes and
prices. We expect to receive consideration (goods or services) for these
purchase obligations. The purchase obligations do not represent our entire
anticipated future purchases, including those of a routine nature, such as
utilities, maintenance, consulting and supplies, which are purchased as needed.
Also, we generally do not purchase raw materials through contracts with fixed
volumes, since the majority of our raw materials represent commercially
available products from a number of independent sources, which have readily
available substitutes.
In addition, we have several research and commercial programs and
collaborations under which we may receive or become obligated to pay royalty,
milestone and other payments. These are highly dependent upon various
conditions, such as the success of research and development activities and the
level of sales of commercialized products.
Please refer to the following footnote references from our consolidated
financial statements included in Item 8 of this Report for further information
on the other amounts included in the above table: Note 6 - Property, Plant and
Equipment, Note 8 - Notes Payable and Long-term Debt, and Note 11 - Employee
Benefit Plans. Our capital leases primarily relate to our administrative office
in Leiden, the Netherlands and a wastewater treatment facility proximate to our
manufacturing facility in Brugge, Belgium. While our operating leases include
certain other facilities and equipment, they principally relate to our
administrative offices in Palo Alto, California and Rochester, New York. Other
long-term liabilities primarily represent pension and post-retirement
obligations and severance payments which are to be paid over time as a result of
previous restructuring activities.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
An off-balance sheet arrangement includes any contractual obligation,
agreement or transaction arrangement involving an unconsolidated entity under
which we 1) have made guarantees, 2) have a retained or contingent interest in
transferred assets, or a similar arrangement, that serves as credit, liquidity
or market risk support to that entity for such assets, 3) have an obligation
under certain derivative instruments, or 4) have any obligation arising out of a
material variable interest in such an entity that provides financing, liquidity,
market risk or credit risk support to us, or that engages in leasing, hedging or
research and development services with us.
We assess our contracts in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 45 "
Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including
Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others." Guarantees and claims arise
during the ordinary course of business from relationships with suppliers,
customers and strategic partners when we undertake an obligation to guarantee
the performance of others if specified triggering events occur. Non-performance
under a contract could trigger an obligation. These potential claims include
actions based upon alleged exposures to products, intellectual property and
environmental matters, and other indemnifications. The ultimate effect on future
financial results is not subject to reasonable estimation because considerable
uncertainty exists as to the final outcome of these claims. However, while the
ultimate liabilities resulting from such claims may be significant to results of
operations in the period recognized, we are not aware of any such claims that we
believe will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial
statements.
Furthermore, we have no arrangements of the types described in the other
three categories that we believe may have a material current or future adverse
effect on our consolidated financial statements.
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 143, "Accounting for
Asset Retirement Obligations." SFAS No. 143 requires that obligations associated
with the retirement of a tangible long-lived asset be recorded as a liability
when those obligations are incurred, with the amount of the liability initially
measured at fair value. Upon initially recognizing a liability for an asset
retirement obligation, an entity must capitalize the cost by recognizing an
increase in the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. Over time, the
liability is accreted to its present value each period and the capitalized cost
is depreciated over the useful life of the related asset. Upon settlement of the
liability, an entity either settles the obligation for its recorded amount or
incurs a gain or loss upon settlement. We adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 143
in fiscal 2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 143 had no material impact on our
financial position or results of operations.
In April 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 145, "Rescission of FASB Statements
No. 4, 44, and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical
Corrections," which rescinds SFAS No. 4, "Reporting Gains and Losses from
Extinguishment of Debt," SFAS No. 44, "Accounting for Intangible Assets of Motor
Carriers" and SFAS No. 64, "Extinguishments of Debt Made to Satisfy Sinking-Fund
Requirements" and amends SFAS No. 13, "Accounting for Leases." This Statement
updates, clarifies and simplifies existing accounting pronouncements. As a
result of rescinding SFAS No. 4 and SFAS No. 64, the criteria in Accounting
Principles Board Opinion No. 30 will be used to classify gains and losses from
extinguishment of debt. We adopted the provisions of this statement in fiscal
2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 145 had no material impact on our financial
position or results of operations.
36
In June 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 146, "Accounting for Exit or
Disposal Activities." SFAS No. 146 addresses significant issues regarding the
recognition, measurement, and reporting of costs that are associated with exit
and disposal activities, including restructuring activities that are currently
accounted for pursuant to the guidance that the Emerging Issues Task Force
(EITF) has set forth in EITF Issue No. 94-3, "Liability Recognition for Certain
Employee Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (including
Certain Costs Incurred in a Restructuring)." The scope of SFAS No. 146 also
includes costs related to terminating a contract that is not a capital lease and
certain termination benefits provided to employees under the terms of one-time
benefit arrangements. SFAS No. 146 was effective for exit or disposal activities
that were initiated after December 31, 2002. The adoption of SFAS No. 146 had no
material impact on our financial position or results of operations.
In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation-Transition and Disclosure an amendment of FASB Statement No. 123."
This statement amends FSAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,"
to provide alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair
value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In
addition, this Statement amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123 to
require prominent disclosures in both annual and interim financial statements
about the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the
effect of the method used on reported results. SFAS No. 148 does not permit the
use of the original SFAS No. 123 prospective method of transition for changes to
the fair value based method made in fiscal years after December 15, 2003. We
currently apply the intrinsic value method and have no plans to convert to the
fair value method.
In April 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 149, "Amendment of Statement 133 on
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." This Statement amends SFAS No.
133 for decisions made (1) as part of the Derivatives Implementation Group
process that effectively required amendments to SFAS No. 133, (2) in connection
with other FASB projects dealing with financial instruments, and (3) in
connection with implementation issues raised in relation to the application of
the definition of a derivative. This Statement is effective for contracts
entered into or modified after June 30, 2003 and for hedging relationships
designated after June 30, 2003. All provisions of this Statement are to be
applied prospectively. We have applied the provisions of this Statement as of
July 1, 2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 149 had no material impact on our
financial position or results of operations.
In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, "Accounting for Certain
Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity." This
Statement establishes standards for how we classify and measure certain
financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity. It
requires that we classify a financial instrument within its scope as a
liability. Some of the provisions of this Statement are consistent with the
current definition of liabilities in FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, "Elements of
Financial Statements." The remaining provisions of this Statement are consistent
with the FASB's proposal to revise that definition to encompass certain
obligations that a reporting entity can or must settle by issuing its own equity
shares, depending on the nature of the relationship established between the
holder and the issuer. This Statement is effective for financial instruments
entered into or modified after May 31, 2003 and otherwise is effective at the
beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. The
adoption of SFAS No. 150 had no material impact on our financial position or
results of operations.
In December 2003, the FASB issued a revision of SFAS No. 132, "Employers'
Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits." The revised
Statement provides required disclosures for pensions and other postretirement
benefit plans and is designed to improve disclosure transparency in financial
statements. The revised Statement replaces existing year-end and interim
disclosure requirements. This Statement is effective for fiscal years ending
after December 15, 2003 and for quarters beginning after December 15, 2003 for
domestic plans and after June 15, 2004 for foreign plans. We have included the
required disclosures for fiscal year 2003 in this Report.
Also in December 2003, the FASB issued a revision of Financial Accounting
Standards Board Interpretation No. 46 "Consolidation of Variable Interest
Entities." This interpretation requires companies to reevaluate their accounting
for certain investments in variable interest entities. A variable interest
entity is a corporation, partnership, trust, or any other legal structure used
for business purposes that either (a) does not have equity investors with voting
rights or (b) has equity investors that do not provide sufficient financial
resources for the entity to support its activities. A variable interest entity
often holds financial assets, including loans or receivables, real estate or
other property. A variable interest entity may be essentially passive or it may
engage in research and development or other activities on behalf of another
company. Variable interest entities are to be consolidated if the company is
subject to a majority of the risk of loss from the variable interest entity's
activities or entitled to receive a majority of the entity's residual returns or
both. We have no material investments in variable interest entities; all such
investments have been appropriately reflected in the consolidated financial
statements or otherwise disclosed in the notes thereto.
In January 2004, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 106-1,
"Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription
Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003." This Position permits
employers that sponsor postretirement benefit plans that provide prescription
drug benefits to retirees to make a one-time election to defer accounting for
any
37
effects of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of
2003 (Act). Specific authoritative guidance on the accounting for the federal
subsidy is pending and that guidance, when issued, could require the sponsor of
such a plan to change previously reported information. Our financial statements
do not reflect any implications of the Act due to the level of uncertainty about
the forth coming guidance.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Foreign currency risk and interest rate risk are the primary sources of our
market risk. To date foreign operations, mainly denominated in Euros, accounted
for approximately 55% of our 2003 product revenues. We believe that we partially
mitigate this risk by having manufacturing facilities located in several
locations around the world, which means that our costs are often denominated in
the same currency as our product revenues. We may manage the foreign currency
exposures that remain through the use of foreign currency forward contracts,
currency options and off-setting currency loans where deemed appropriate. We do
not use these instruments for speculative purposes. At December 31, 2003, there
were no forward contracts or option contracts outstanding. We recorded $0.1
million in foreign currency gains related to forward contracts in the statement
of operations for the year ended December 31, 2003.
As of December 31, 2003, cash and cash equivalents totaled $166.6 million.
Of this amount, $80.8 million was denominated in Euros. The remainder or $85.8
million was primarily denominated in U.S. Dollars. Other than the third
installment of $28.0 million due in March 30, 2004 under our 6.82% senior notes
discussed under the heading "Liquidity and Capital Resources," in Item 7 of this
Report, short-term debt outstanding at December 31, 2003 was not significant. To
the extent U.S. Dollar and Euro interest rates fluctuate either up or down, the
return on the cash investments will also fluctuate. To the extent such Euro cash
investments remain outstanding, we will be subject to the risks of future
foreign exchange fluctuations and the impact on the translation of these cash
investments into U.S. Dollars.
Interest Rates
Our interest income is sensitive to changes in the general level of
short-term interest rates primarily in the United States and Europe. In this
regard, changes in the U.S. Dollar and Euro currency rates affect the interest
earned on our cash equivalents, short-term investments, and long-term
investments. Our interest expense is generated primarily from fixed rate debt.
The $84.0 million 6.82% senior notes outstanding at December 31, 2003, mature
evenly in installments of $28.0 million per year. Annual installment payments
commenced March 30, 2002 with three remaining annual installments from March 30,
2004 through March 30, 2006.
On January 31, 2002, we entered into an interest rate swap contract to pay
a variable rate of interest based on the six month London Interbank Offered Rate
(LIBOR) and receive fixed rates of interest at 6.82% on a $28.0 million notional
amount of our long-term indebtedness. On May 14, 2002, we entered into another
interest rate swap contract to pay a variable rate of interest based on the six
month LIBOR and receive fixed rates of interest at 6.82% on an additional $28.0
million notional amount of our long-term indebtedness. On July 31, 2002, we sold
both swap contracts for approximately $1.0 million in cash. The gain on the sale
will be amortized against interest expense over the original maturity date of
the swaps, which is March 30, 2004. In accordance with SFAS No. 133, "Accounting
for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," these interest rate swap
contracts that hedged the senior notes had an immaterial effect on the statement
of operations and were not material to the balance sheet as of the date of their
sale.
Foreign Currency Exposure
We conduct business throughout the world. During the year ended December
31, 2003, we derived approximately 55% of our revenues from foreign operations,
and these foreign operations generated income that offset net losses in our U.S.
operations during the same yearly period. Economic conditions in countries where
we conduct business and changing foreign currency exchange rates affect our
financial position and results of operations. We are exposed to changes in
foreign exchange rates in Europe, Latin America, and Asia. The Euro and
Argentine Peso present our most significant foreign currency exposure risk.
Changes in foreign currency exchange rates, especially the strengthening of the
U.S. Dollar, may have an adverse effect on our financial position and results of
operations as they are expressed in U.S. Dollars. Our manufacturing and
administrative operations for Latin America are located in Argentina. A
significant part of our Latin American revenues are denominated in U.S. Dollars.
Net foreign exchange gains from U.S. Dollar/Euro and U.S. Dollar/Argentine Peso
transactions were $0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2003.
Management monitors foreign currency exposures and may in the ordinary
course of business enter into foreign currency forward contracts or options
contracts related to specific foreign currency transactions or anticipated cash
flows. These contracts generally cover periods of nine months or less and are
not material. We recorded a gain of $0.1 million in the statement of operations
for the
38
year ended December 31, 2003 from foreign currency contracts. We do not hedge
the translation of financial statements of consolidated subsidiaries that
maintain their local books and records in foreign currencies.
Other
The Risk Factors discussed in Item 1 of this Report are incorporated herein
by reference to the degree they address market risk.
39
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
Genencor International, Inc.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the index
appearing under Item 15(a)(1) present fairly, in all material respects, the
financial position of Genencor International, Inc. and its subsidiaries at
December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the results of their operations and their cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2003 in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in
the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) presents fairly, in all material
respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the
related consolidated financial statements. These financial statements and
financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management;
our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and
financial statement schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits of
these statements in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the
United States of America, which require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing
the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
As discussed in Note 7 of the consolidated financial statements, as of
January 1, 2002, the Company ceased amortization of goodwill to conform with the
provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 142,
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
- ---------------------------------
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
San Jose, California
January 30, 2004
40
GENENCOR INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
DECEMBER 31,
2003 2002
--------- ---------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents ................................................... $ 166,551 $ 169,001
Trade accounts receivable (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,034 in
2003 and $2,770 in 2002) .................................................. 58,249 51,576
Inventories ................................................................. 64,159 54,215
Prepaid expenses and other current assets ................................... 32,970 19,551
Deferred income taxes ....................................................... 3,283 8,018
--------- ---------
Total current assets ..................................................... 325,212 302,361
Property, plant and equipment, net ............................................ 232,902 217,110
Investments and other assets .................................................. 61,731 50,142
Goodwill ...................................................................... 29,380 29,384
Intangible assets, net ........................................................ 47,075 45,898
Deferred income taxes ......................................................... 16,122 10,027
--------- ---------
Total assets ............................................................. $ 712,422 $ 654,922
========= =========
LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Notes payable ............................................................... $ 5,926 $ 7,942
Current maturities of long-term debt ........................................ 28,249 28,291
Accounts payable and accrued expenses ....................................... 49,143 47,549
Interest payable on long-term debt .......................................... 1,432 1,910
Accrued employee benefits ................................................... 17,415 12,704
Deferred income taxes ....................................................... 3 922
--------- ---------
Total current liabilities ................................................ 102,168 99,318
Long-term debt ................................................................ 58,466 84,897
Capital lease obligation ...................................................... 6,842 5,990
Deferred income taxes ......................................................... 21,441 14,090
Other long-term liabilities ................................................... 10,681 12,372
Minority interest ............................................................. 137 248
--------- ---------
Total liabilities ........................................................ 199,735 216,915
--------- ---------
Commitments and contingencies ................................................. -- --
Redeemable preferred stock:
7 1/2% cumulative series A preferred stock, without par value, authorized
1 shares, 1 shares issued and outstanding ................................ 177,025 169,750
--------- ---------
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 200,000 shares authorized,
60,991 and 60,251 shares issued
at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively .............................. 610 602
Additional paid-in capital .................................................. 359,344 349,579
Treasury stock, 1,780 shares at cost
at December 31, 2003 and 2002 ............................................ (21,030) (21,030)
Deferred stock-based compensation ........................................... (1,036) (1,164)
Retained earnings/(accumulated deficit) ..................................... 589 (14,944)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss ........................................ (2,815) (44,786)
--------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity ............................................... 335,662 268,257
--------- ---------
Total liabilities, redeemable preferred stock and stockholders' equity ... $ 712,422 $ 654,922
========= =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
41
GENENCOR INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2003 2002 2001
--------- --------- ---------
Revenues:
Product revenue .......................... $ 362,143 $ 329,337 $ 311,110
Fees and royalty revenues ................ 21,019 20,741 14,908
--------- --------- ---------
Total revenues ...................... 383,162 350,078 326,018
Operating expenses:
Cost of products sold .................... 207,483 186,383 172,986
Research and development ................. 72,534 70,190 60,103
Sales, marketing and business development 33,735 33,027 28,845
General and administrative ............... 33,559 34,635 29,913
Amortization of intangible assets ........ 5,682 5,563 9,966
Restructuring and related charges ........ -- 16,427 --
Other (income)/expense (2,081) (3,409) (507)
--------- --------- ---------
Total operating expenses ............ 350,912 342,816 301,306
--------- --------- ---------
Operating income ........................... 32,250 7,262 24,712
Non operating expenses/(income):
Investment expense ....................... 1,018 1,500 --
Interest expense.......................... 6,667 8,587 10,433
Interest income .......................... (3,960) (5,207) (10,069)
--------- --------- ---------
Total non operating expenses/(income) 3,725 4,880 364
--------- --------- ---------
Income before income taxes ................. 28,525 2,382 24,348
Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes .. 5,717 (3,415) 6,574
--------- --------- ---------
Net income ................................. $ 22,808 $ 5,797 $ 17,774
========= ========= =========
Net income available/(loss applicable) to
holders of common stock ................ $ 15,533 $ (1,478) $ 10,499
========= ========= =========
Earnings/(loss) per common share:
Basic ............................... $ 0.26 $ (0.02) $ 0.18
========= ========= =========
Diluted ............................. $ 0.26 $ (0.02) $ 0.17
========= ========= =========
Weighted average common shares:
Basic ................................. 58,767 59,257 59,888
========= ========= =========
Diluted ............................... 60,680 59,575 61,069
========= ========= =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
42
GENENCOR INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
ADDITIONAL DEFERRED
COMMON PAID-IN TREASURY STOCK-BASED
STOCK CAPITAL STOCK COMPENSATION
------ ---------- -------- ------------
Balances, December 31, 2000.......................... $ 599 344,092 $ -- $ (5,560)
Comprehensive income:
Net Income.........................................
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation.....................
Unrealized holding losses ($1,763 pre-tax).......
Other comprehensive loss.........................
Comprehensive income...............................
Surrender of restricted shares....................... (5,630)
Exercise of employee stock options................... 341
Deferred stock-based compensation.................... 1,222 (1,222)
Payment of notes receivable for common stock.........
Amortization of deferred
stock-based compensation........................... 3,265
Preferred stock dividend accrued.....................
------ ---------- -------- ------------
Balances, December 31, 2001.......................... 599 345,655 (5,630) (3,517)
------ ---------- -------- ------------
Comprehensive income:
Net Income.........................................
Other comprehensive income:
Foreign currency translation.....................
Unrealized holding losses ($4,480 pre-tax).......
Minimum pension liability
adjustment ($2,573 pre-tax)..................
Other comprehensive income.......................
Comprehensive income...............................
Surrender of restricted shares....................... 503 (15,400) (503)
Employee Stock Purchase Plan......................... 2 1,539
Exercise of employee stock options................... 1 791
Deferred stock-based compensation.................... 807 (807)
Amortization of deferred stock-based compensation..
3,746
Conversion of stock appreciation rights to
stock options.................................. 83 (83)
Stock options granted to
non-employees...................................... 201
Preferred stock dividend accrued.....................
------ ---------- -------- ------------
Balances, December 31, 2002.......................... 602 349,579 (21,030) (1,164)
------ ---------- -------- ------------
Comprehensive income:
Net Income.........................................
Other comprehensive income:
Foreign currency translation.....................
Unrealized holding losses ($4,275 pre-tax).......
Adjustment for losses included
in earnings ($451 pre-tax)
Minimum pension liability
adjustment ($2,573 pre-tax)..................
Other comprehensive income.......................
Comprehensive income...............................
Deferred stock-based compensation.................... 1 674 (675)
Employee Stock Purchase Plan......................... 2 1,412
Exercise of employee stock options................... 6 6,615
Tax effect on exercise of employee stock options..... 962
Amortization of deferred stock-based
compensation..................................... 803
Conversion of restricted shares to restricted
stock units..................................... (1) 1
Stock options granted to
non-employees...................................... 101
Preferred stock dividend accrued.....................
------ ---------- -------- ------------
Balances, December 31, 2003.......................... $ 610 $ 359,344 $(21,030) $ (1,036)
====== ========== ======== ============
NOTES
RECEIVABLE RETAINED ACCUMULATED
FOR EARNINGS/ OTHER TOTAL
COMMON (ACCUMULATED COMPREHENSIVE STOCKHOLDERS'
STOCK DEFICIT) LOSS EQUITY
---------- ------------ ------------- -------------
Balances, December 31, 2000.......................... $ (18,008) $ (23,965) $ (48,132) $ 249,026
Comprehensive income:
Net Income......................................... 17,774 17,774
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation..................... (14,239) (14,239)
Unrealized holding losses ($1,763 pre-tax)....... (867) (867)
-------------
Other comprehensive loss......................... (15,106)
-------------
Comprehensive income............................... 2,668
Surrender of restricted shares....................... (5,630)
Exercise of employee stock options................... 341
Deferred stock-based compensation.................... --
Payment of notes receivable for common stock......... 3,361 3,361
Amortization of deferred
stock-based compensation........................... 3,265
Preferred stock dividend accrued..................... (7,275) (7,275)
---------- ------------ ------------- -------------
Balances, December 31, 2001.......................... (14,647) (13,466) (63,238) 245,756
---------- ------------ ------------- -------------
Comprehensive income:
Net Income......................................... 5,797 5,797
Other comprehensive income:
Foreign currency translation..................... 23,399 23,399
Unrealized holding losses ($4,480 pre-tax)....... (2,824) (2,824)
Minimum pension liability
adjustment ($2,573 pre-tax).................. (2,123) (2,123)
-------------
Other comprehensive income....................... 18,452
-------------
Comprehensive income............................... 24,249
Surrender of restricted shares....................... 14,647 (753)
Employee Stock Purchase Plan......................... 1,541
Exercise of employee stock options................... 792
Deferred stock-based compensation.................... --
Amortization of deferred stock-based compensation..
3,746
Conversion of stock appreciation rights to
stock options.................................. --
Stock options granted to
non-employees...................................... 201
Preferred stock dividend accrued..................... (7,275) (7,275)
---------- ------------ ------------- -------------
Balances, December 31, 2002.......................... -- (14,944) (44,786) 268,257
---------- ------------ ------------- -------------
Comprehensive income:
Net Income......................................... 22,808 22,808
Other comprehensive income:
Foreign currency translation..................... 36,850 36,850
Unrealized holding losses ($4,275 pre-tax)....... 2,714 2,714
Adjustment for losses included
in earnings ($451 pre-tax) 284 284
Minimum pension liability
adjustment ($2,573 pre-tax).................. 2,123 2,123
-------------
Other comprehensive income....................... 41,971
-------------
Comprehensive income............................... 64,779
Deferred stock-based compensation.................... --
Employee Stock Purchase Plan......................... 1,414
Exercise of employee stock options................... 6,621
Tax effect on exercise of employee stock options..... 962
Amortization of deferred stock-based
compensation..................................... 803
Conversion of restricted shares to restricted
stock units.................................... --
Stock options granted to
non-employees...................................... 101
Preferred stock dividend accrued..................... (7,275) (7,275)
---------- ------------ ------------- -------------
Balances, December 31, 2003.......................... $ -- $ 589 $ (2,815) $ 335,662
========== ============ ============= =============
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
43
GENENCOR INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2003 2002 2001
--------- --------- ---------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income.................................................... $ 22,808 $ 5,797 $ 17,774
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization............................. 35,662 33,191 36,174
Amortization of deferred stock-based compensation......... 803 3,746 3,265
Non-cash portion of a gain on settlement.................. (1,328) -- --
Non-cash portion of restructuring and related charges..... -- 9,495 --
Loss on disposition of property, plant and
equipment.............................................. 438 488 329
Loss from impairment of investment in equity securities .. 1,018 1,500 --
(Increase) decrease in operating assets:
Trade accounts receivable.............................. (554) 699 (4,246)
Inventories............................................ (3,841) 1,096 (4,678)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets.............. (6,846) (4,495) (2,473)
Investments and other assets........................... (8,988) (7,386) (2,239)
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses.................. (1,707) (6,717) 6,688
Interest payable on long-term debt..................... (478) (473) --
Accrued employee benefits.............................. 4,045 (808) 3,749
Other.................................................. (3,305) 2,333 (3,234)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by operating activities.............. 37,727 38,466 51,109
--------- --------- ---------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment............. (32,849) (19,550) (24,725)
Purchases of intangible assets......................... -- (100) (4,098)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment 133 414 74
Proceeds from the sale of acquired assets.............. 1,145 -- --
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired........ -- (44,734) --
Payment to acquire equity securities................... -- (4,500) (5,065)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash (used in) investing activities........... (31,571) (68,470) (33,814)
--------- --------- ---------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from exercise of stock options................ 6,615 791 341
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan............. 1,525 1,507 --
Surrender of restricted shares......................... -- (198) (314)
Net payments on notes payable of foreign affiliate..... (205) (565) (9)
Payment of long-term debt.............................. (28,366) (28,277) (48)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash (used in) financing activities........... (20,431) (26,742) (30)
--------- --------- ---------
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash......................... 11,825 10,724 (2,833)
--------- --------- ---------
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents............ (2,450) (46,022) 14,432
Cash and cash equivalents -- beginning of year.................. 169,001 215,023 200,591
--------- --------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents -- end of year........................ $ 166,551 $ 169,001 $ 215,023
========= ========= =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial
statements.
44
GENENCOR INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
1 -- DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY AND ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Genencor International, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) is a
diversified biotechnology company that develops and delivers products and
services to the industrial, consumer, agri-processing and health care markets.
The Company's current products include novel enzymes used in the cleaning,
textiles, sweetener, fuel ethanol and food, feed and specialties markets. The
principal geographical markets for the products are North America, Latin
America, Europe and Asia. The Company is in the process of applying its proven
and proprietary technologies to address new opportunities in the industrial,
consumer, agri-processing and health care industries.
Significant accounting policies are as follows:
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all
majority-owned subsidiaries. Investments in affiliates in which the Company has
the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, are accounted
for by the equity method. All other investments in affiliates are carried at
cost. Intercompany transactions are eliminated. All investments in variable
interest entities are accounted for in accordance with Financial Accounting
Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation No. 46R "Consolidation of Variable
Interest Entities." The Company has no material investments in variable interest
entities and all such investments have been appropriately reflected in the
consolidated financial statements or otherwise disclosed in the notes thereto.
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets, liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the
date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those
estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash, money market funds, commercial
paper and bank deposits with original maturity dates of three months or less
from the date of purchase.
Revenue Recognition
Revenues consist of product revenues and fees and royalty revenues. Fees
and royalty revenues consist primarily of funded research, technology and
license fees and royalties.
Product Revenue
Revenue from product sales is recognized upon shipment to customers.
Funded Research
Research funding revenues result from collaborative agreements with
various parties, including the U.S. Government, whereby the Company
performs research activities and receives revenues that partially reimburse
expenses incurred. Under such agreements the Company retains a proprietary
interest in the products and technology developed. These expense
reimbursements primarily consist of direct expense sharing arrangements and
milestone payments. Revenues related to expense sharing arrangements are
recorded as the underlying expenses are incurred. Milestone payments are
contingent upon successful completion of research activities and are
recognized upon satisfaction of those contingencies. Upfront
research-funding payments are recognized as revenues on a straight-line
basis over the term of the underlying research agreement.
45
Technology and License Fees
Fees from the sale of technology are recognized upon completion of the
required technology transfer and substantial satisfaction of any
performance related responsibilities. License fees are recognized on a
straight-line basis over the term defined in the license agreement. In the
event there is no defined term, such as with permanent licenses, license
fees are recognized upon substantial satisfaction of any performance
related responsibilities.
Royalty Revenue
Royalty revenue is recognized in accordance with the underlying
contract terms.
Research and Development
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and
development includes expenses for services rendered related to the Company's
funded research activities.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, cost being
determined using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method.
Property, Plant and Equipment
All property, plant and equipment is stated at acquisition cost.
Depreciation for financial statement purposes is calculated using the
straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Land
improvements and buildings are depreciated over 10-40 years, with a weighted
average estimated useful life of 21 years, and machinery and equipment over 3-15
years, with a weighted average estimated life of 13 years. Leasehold
improvements are amortized over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or
the length of the applicable lease term. Property under capital lease is
amortized over the lease term. Maintenance and repair expenditures are expensed
as incurred. Included in machinery and equipment is computer hardware and
software developed or obtained for internal use which is amortized over 3-5
years.
Goodwill
Goodwill consists of the excess of cost over the net assets of acquired
businesses. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested at least annually for
impairment.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consist of two major classes, other amortizable assets
and technology. Other amortizable assets consist primarily of patents, licenses,
and customer lists. These definite-lived intangibles are amortized on a
straight-line basis over their remaining useful lives. Patents, licenses and
customer lists are amortized over 5-20 years with a weighted average estimated
useful life of 12 years. Technology has been determined to have indefinite
useful lives. Indefinite-lived intangibles are not amortized and are tested for
impairment on an annual basis or when events and circumstances exist requiring
impairment testing. No amortization expense was recorded for these assets for
the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company regularly assesses all of its long-lived assets for impairment
when events or circumstances indicate their carrying amounts may not be
recoverable. This is accomplished by comparing the expected undiscounted future
cash flows of the assets with the respective carrying amount as of the date of
assessment. Should aggregate future cash flows be less than the carrying value,
a write-down would be required, measured as the difference between the carrying
value and the fair value of the asset. Fair value is estimated either through
independent valuation or as the present value of expected future cash flows. If
the expected undiscounted future cash flows exceed the respective carrying
amount as of the date of assessment, no impairment is recognized.
46
Foreign Currency
All assets and liabilities of non-U.S. subsidiaries are translated at
exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet dates. Translation gains and
losses are included in determining comprehensive income. All income statement
amounts are translated at the average of the daily exchange rates in effect
during each month.
The Company, on occasion, may use forward exchange contracts and options to
hedge its exposure in foreign currencies. Option and forward exchange contracts
are used to minimize the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on the
Company's revenues and costs and are not used to engage in speculation. At
December 31, 2003 and 2002, the Company had no options or forward exchange
contracts outstanding.
Foreign currency transaction net gains are included in other operating
income/expense. Total foreign currency transaction net gains were $385 in 2003,
$3,107 in 2002, and $23 in 2001.
Financial Instruments
The determination of fair value of financial instruments, consisting of
cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, obligations under accounts
payable, accrued expenses, and debt instruments is based on interest rates
available to the Company and comparisons to quoted market prices for the same or
similar issues. At December 31, 2003 and 2002, the fair value of these financial
instruments approximated carrying value.
Investments in Marketable Equity Securities
All of the Company's investments in marketable equity securities are
considered available-for-sale and are recorded at fair value within prepaid and
other current assets or investments and other assets. Unrealized gains and
losses, calculated as the difference between fair value and cost of the security
on a specific identification basis, are recorded as a component of comprehensive
income, net of tax.
Gross unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities were $738 at
December 31, 2003 and $5,504 at December 31, 2002. The fair market value of
available-for-sale securities was $7,885 at December 31, 2003 and $4,136 at
December 31, 2002. The deferred tax asset related to these unrealized losses was
$273 at December 31, 2003 and $2,041 at December 31, 2002.
Investment Expense/Income
The Company recorded an investment loss of $1,018 during the year ended
December 31, 2003, as a result of the Company's assessment of an "other than
temporary" decline in the fair market value of an investment in certain common
stock. During 2002, the Company recorded an impairment loss of $1,500 on its
investment in certain preferred stock. These amounts are included in investment
expense as part of total non operating expense/income for the respective
periods. There were no sales of marketable equity securities during the years
ended December 31, 2003, 2002 or 2001.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes." This
standard requires, among other things, recognition of deferred tax assets and
liabilities for future tax consequences, measured by enacted rates attributable
to temporary differences between financial statement and income tax bases of
assets and liabilities, and net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards to
the extent that realization of such benefits is more likely than not.
Major Customers
In 2003 and 2002, two customers accounted for 41% of sales and 39% of
accounts receivable. In 2001, two customers accounted for 45% of sales and 34%
of accounts receivable.
Comprehensive Income
The provisions of SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income" establish
standards for reporting and presentation of comprehensive income and its
components. This Statement requires reporting by major components and as a
single total, all changes in
47
stockholders' equity from non-stockholder sources. The Company has chosen to
display comprehensive income in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in
Stockholders' Equity.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company uses the intrinsic value method to account for stock-based
employee compensation in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (APB)
Opinion No. 25 "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" and has no current
plans to convert to the fair value method. Refer to Note 11 for the pro forma
amounts had compensation cost for the Company's stock option plans been
determined based on the fair value method.
Guarantees
The Company assesses its contracts in accordance with Financial Accounting
Standards Board Interpretation No. 45 " Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure
Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of
Others." Guarantees and claims arise during the ordinary course of business from
relationships with suppliers, customers and strategic partners when the Company
undertakes an obligation to guarantee the performance of others if specified
triggering events occur. Non-performance under a contract could trigger an
obligation of the Company. These potential claims include actions based upon
alleged exposures to products, intellectual property and environmental matters,
and other indemnifications. The ultimate effect on future financial results is
not subject to reasonable estimation because considerable uncertainty exists as
to the final outcome of these claims. However, while the ultimate liabilities
resulting from such claims may be significant to results of operations in the
period recognized, management does not anticipate they will have a material
adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Earnings Per Share
The provisions of SFAS No. 128, "Earnings per Share," require the
disclosure of basic and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings/(loss) per
share is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares
outstanding during the period. In arriving at income available/(loss applicable)
to common stockholders, undeclared and unpaid cumulative preferred stock
dividends of $7,275 are deducted for each year presented.
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that
could occur if dilutive securities and other contracts to issue common stock
were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of
common stock that then shared in the net income available/(loss applicable) to
common stockholders of the Company. As a result of stock-based awards
outstanding under the Company's 2002 Omnibus Incentive Plan and its predecessor
plan, the Stock Option and Stock Appreciation Right Plan (SOAR Plan), there were
dilutive securities in 2003, 2002 and 2001. The weighted-average impact of these
has been reflected in the calculation of diluted earnings/(loss) per share for
the respective periods presented.
The following table reflects the calculation of basic and diluted
earnings/(loss) per common share for the years ended December 31:
2003 2002 2001
------------ ------------ ------------
Net income........................................ $ 22,808 $ 5,797 $ 17,774
Less: Accrued dividends on preferred stock...... (7,275) (7,275) (7,275)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net income available/(loss applicable)
to holders of common stock..................... $ 15,533 $ (1,478) $ 10,499
============ ============ ============
Weighted average common shares:
Basic........................................... 58,767 59,257 59,888
Effect of stock-based awards.................... 1,913 318 1,181
------------ ------------ ------------
Diluted......................................... 60,680 59,575 61,069
============ ============ ============
Earnings/(loss) per common share:
Basic........................................... $ 0.26 $ (0.02) $ 0.18
============ ============ ============
Diluted......................................... $ 0.26 $ (0.02) $ 0.17
============ ============ ============
48
New Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset
Retirement Obligations." SFAS No. 143 requires that obligations associated with
the retirement of a tangible long-lived asset be recorded as a liability when
those obligations are incurred, with the amount of the liability initially
measured at fair value. Upon initially recognizing a liability for an asset
retirement obligation, an entity must capitalize the cost by recognizing an
increase in the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. Over time, the
liability is accreted to its present value each period and the capitalized cost
is depreciated over the useful life of the related asset. Upon settlement of the
liability, an entity either settles the obligation for its recorded amount or
incurs a gain or loss upon settlement. The Company adopted the provisions of
SFAS No. 143 in fiscal 2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 143 had no impact on the
Company's financial position or results of operations.
In April 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 145, "Rescission of FASB Statements
No. 4, 44, and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical
Corrections," which rescinds SFAS No. 4, "Reporting Gains and Losses from
Extinguishment of Debt," SFAS No. 44, "Accounting for Intangible Assets of Motor
Carriers" and SFAS No. 64, "Extinguishments of Debt Made to Satisfy Sinking-Fund
Requirements" and amends SFAS No. 13, "Accounting for Leases." This Statement
updates, clarifies and simplifies existing accounting pronouncements. As a
result of rescinding SFAS No. 4 and SFAS No. 64, the criteria in Accounting
Principles Board Opinion No. 30 will be used to classify gains and losses from
extinguishment of debt. The Company adopted the provisions of this statement in
fiscal 2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 145 had no material impact on the
Company's financial position or results of operations.
In June 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 146, "Accounting for Exit or
Disposal Activities." SFAS No. 146 addresses significant issues regarding the
recognition, measurement, and reporting of costs that are associated with exit
and disposal activities, including restructuring activities that are currently
accounted for pursuant to the guidance that the Emerging Issues Task Force
(EITF) has set forth in EITF Issue No. 94-3, "Liability Recognition for Certain
Employee Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (including
Certain Costs Incurred in a Restructuring)." The scope of SFAS No. 146 also
includes costs related to terminating a contract that is not a capital lease and
certain termination benefits provided to employees under the terms of one-time
benefit arrangements. SFAS No. 146 will be effective for exit or disposal
activities that are initiated after December 31, 2002. The adoption of SFAS No.
146 had no material impact on the Company's financial position or results of
operations.
In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation-Transition and Disclosure an amendment of FASB Statement No. 123."
This statement amends SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,"
to provide alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair
value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In
addition, this Statement amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123 to
require prominent disclosures in both annual and interim financial statements
about the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the
effect of the method used on reported results. SFAS No. 148 does not permit the
use of the original SFAS No. 123 prospective method of transition for changes to
the fair value based method made in fiscal years after December 15, 2003. The
Company currently applies the intrinsic value method and has no plans to convert
to the fair value method.
In April 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 149, "Amendment of Statement 133 on
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." This Statement amends SFAS No.
133 for decisions made (1) as part of the Derivatives Implementation Group
process that effectively required amendments to SFAS No. 133, (2) in connection
with other FASB projects dealing with financial instruments, and (3) in
connection with implementation issues raised in relation to the application of
the definition of a derivative. This Statement is effective for contracts
entered into or modified after June 30, 2003 and for hedging relationships
designated after June 30, 2003. All provisions of this Statement are to be
applied prospectively. The Company applied the provisions of this Statement as
of July 1, 2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 149 had no material impact on the
Company's financial position or results of operations.
In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, "Accounting for Certain
Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity." This
Statement establishes standards for how the Company classifies and measures
certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and
equity. It requires that the Company classify a financial instrument within its
scope as a liability. Some of the provisions of this Statement are consistent
with the current definition of liabilities in FASB Concepts Statement No. 6,
"Elements of Financial Statements." The remaining provisions of this Statement
are consistent with the FASB's proposal to revise that definition to encompass
certain obligations that a reporting entity can or must settle by issuing its
own equity shares, depending on the nature of the relationship established
between the holder and the issuer. This Statement is effective for financial
instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003 and otherwise is
effective at the beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15,
2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 150 had no material impact on the Company's
financial position or its results of operations.
49
In December 2003, the FASB issued a revision of SFAS No. 132, "Employers'
Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits." The revised
Statement provides required disclosures for pensions and other postretirement
benefit plans and is designed to improve disclosure transparency in financial
statements. The revised Statement replaces existing year-end and interim
disclosure requirements. This Statement is effective for fiscal years ending
after December 15, 2003 and for quarters beginning after December 15, 2003 for
domestic plans and after June 15, 2004 for foreign plans. The Company has
included the required disclosures for fiscal 2003 in this Report.
Also in December 2003, the FASB issued a revision of Financial Accounting
Standards Board Interpretation No. 46, "Consolidation of Variable Interest
Entities." This Interpretation requires companies to reevaluate their accounting
for certain investments in "variable interest entities." A variable interest
entity is a corporation, partnership, trust, or any other legal structure used
for business purposes that either (a) does not have equity investors with voting
rights or (b) has equity investors that do not provide sufficient financial
resources for the entity to support its activities. A variable interest entity
often holds financial assets, including loans or receivables, real estate or
other property. A variable interest entity may be essentially passive or it may
engage in research and development or other activities on behalf of another
company. Variable interest entities are to be consolidated if the Company is
subject to a majority of the risk of loss from the variable interest entity's
activities or entitled to receive a majority of the entity's residual returns or
both. The Company has no material investments in variable interest entities; all
such investments have been appropriately reflected in the consolidated financial
statements or otherwise disclosed in the notes thereto.
2 -- ACQUISITIONS
On December 31, 2002, the Company acquired the brewing and enzyme business
of Rhodia Food UK Limited for a total cash purchase price of $8,925. Due to the
effect of foreign currency translation, additional acquisition costs and the
sale of certain acquired assets, the adjusted purchase price was $10,501 as of
December 31, 2003. The acquisition included technology, product lines and
personnel, and expanded the Company's bioproducts portfolio and technical
service capabilities in the food, feed and specialties enzyme market. No
facilities were included in the transaction. The acquisition has been accounted
for under the purchase method in accordance with SFAS No. 141, "Business
Combinations." The results of operations of the acquired business were
consolidated with the Company's results of operations beginning January 1, 2003.
As more fully described in Note 7, this acquisition consisted entirely of
intangible assets.
During February 2002, the Company acquired EBS, now known as Genencor
International Wisconsin, Inc., from Corn Products International, Inc. for a
total cash purchase price of $35,809 and the assumption of $974 in debt. As part
of this transaction, the Company entered into a seven-year supply agreement for
a majority of Corn Products International, Inc.'s North American enzyme
requirements. The acquisition has been accounted for under the purchase method
in accordance with SFAS No. 141. The acquired entity's results of operations
have been consolidated with the Company's results of operations since the
acquisition date. The Company's purchase price allocation of the net assets
acquired consisted of the following at December 31, 2002:
Working capital............................................. $ 3,879
Property, plant and equipment............................... 21,085
Intangible assets........................................... 1,729
Goodwill.................................................... 9,807
Long-term liabilities....................................... (691)
---------
$ 35,809
=========
Included in working capital acquired was a provision to restructure the
entity of $1,119, which primarily consists of the employee-related costs to
eliminate 22 positions. All affected employees were notified immediately of the
restructuring plan. As of December 31, 2002, all costs had been charged to this
restructuring provision and all 22 employees had terminated their employment
with the Company.
3 -- RESTRUCTURING AND RELATED CHARGES
During February 2002, as a result of the acquisition of EBS and general
economic conditions in Latin America, including the devaluation of the Argentine
peso, the Company engaged in a plan to restructure its overall supply
infrastructure by ceasing operations at its Elkhart, Indiana plant and
downsizing its Argentine facilities. There were 119 positions eliminated as a
result of this restructuring. All affected employees were notified immediately
of the restructuring plan. As of December 31, 2002, all 119 employees had
terminated their employment with the Company.
50
As a result of the plan, restructuring and related charges of $16,427 were
recorded in the Company's operating earnings for the year ended December 31,
2002. These charges were primarily driven by employee severance and related
costs of approximately $3,762, costs to dismantle portions of the restructured
facilities of $1,000, costs to terminate long-term utility agreements of $319,
other costs totaling $239, and $9,495 for property, plant and equipment that was
deemed impaired as it would no longer be utilized by the Company after the
restructuring. The impairment charge was determined based on remaining book
value, as the Company believes there is no active market in which to sell the
specific assets. Full implementation was completed in the fourth quarter of
2002. In addition, the Company recorded costs related to the restructuring, such
as those related to the transition of activities between Elkhart and Beloit, of
$1,612 as incurred during the year ended December 31, 2002. At December 31, 2003
and 2002, the Company had a remaining liability of $447 and $805 respectively,
related to this restructuring. As of December 31, 2003 the remaining liability
is related to the pending termination of a related pension plan.
4 -- FEES AND ROYALTY REVENUES
Fees and royalty revenues included the following for the years ended
December 31:
2003 2002 2001
--------- --------- ---------
Funded research.......................................... $ 19,416 $ 19,533 $ 12,152
License fees............................................. 190 75 1,825
Royalties................................................ 1,413 1,133 931
--------- --------- ---------
Fees and royalty revenues.............................. $ 21,019 $ 20,741 $ 14,908
========= ========= =========
In October 2001, the Company entered into a strategic alliance with Dow
Corning Corporation to create a new proprietary technology platform for the
development of new biomaterials. For the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002,
the Company recorded $13,989 and $11,554 respectively, in research funding
revenues from this alliance.
5 -- INVENTORIES
Inventories consisted of the following at December 31:
2003 2002
--------- ---------
Raw materials..................................................... $ 7,682 $ 8,373
Work-in-progress.................................................. 9,106 8,003
Finished goods.................................................... 47,371 37,839
--------- ---------
Inventories..................................................... $ 64,159 $ 54,215
========= =========
The Company sustained damage to its finished bioproducts inventory During
the three months ended June 30, 2003, as a result of an accident in a third
party warehouse in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Consequently, through December
31, 2003, the Company reduced its inventories by $7,699 to reflect the estimated
amount of product that was lost and recorded $4,985 of other costs as receivable
from its insurer. Of this amount, the Company has received cash payments of
$4,904 from its insurer in 2003. In addition, there are certain accident-related
reduced profits and additional costs that are reflected in the results of
operations for 2003. While the Company believes that these reduced profits and
additional costs will be subject to insurance recovery, the Company is unable to
estimate the ultimate amount of the recovery at this time.
51
6 -- PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following at December 31:
2003 2002
----------- -----------
Land and buildings................................................ $ 147,714 $ 134,968
Machinery and equipment........................................... 311,505 275,255
Construction-in-progress.......................................... 20,969 10,058
----------- -----------
480,188 420,281
Less: Accumulated depreciation.................................... (247,286) (203,171)
----------- -----------
Property, plant and equipment, net.............................. $ 232,902 $ 217,110
=========== ===========
Depreciation expense was $29,980 in 2003, $27,628 in 2002, and $26,208 in
2001.
Construction-in-progress at December 31, 2003 and 2002, includes process
improvement projects at our manufacturing and research and development
facilities as well as information technology enhancements. Also the Company
completed construction of the Rochester, New York facility for the
clinical-scale manufacturing of human therapeutic proteins during 2003. The
facility is designed to produce pharmaceutical grade materials for preclinical
and clinical studies. Equipment installation and facility start-up and
validation are currently under way.
Assets under capital lease are included in property, plant and equipment as
follows at December 31:
2003 2002
----------- -----------
Land and buildings................................................ $ 15,669 $ 14,172
Less: Accumulated depreciation.................................... (4,197) (3,284)
----------- -----------
Capital lease assets, net....................................... $ 11,472 $ 10,888
=========== ===========
The Company leases certain facilities and equipment under operating leases.
Rent expense relating to all operating leases was $4,730 for 2003, $4,657
for 2002 and $4,014 for 2001. Non-cancelable future minimum rental payments
under significant leases consist of the following for the years ending December
31:
OPERATING CAPITAL
--------- ---------
2004.............................................................. $ 4,291 $ 727
2005.............................................................. 4,150 727
2006.............................................................. 4,099 727
2007.............................................................. 3,926 727
2008.............................................................. 3,790 727
Thereafter........................................................ 25,398 6,661
--------- ---------
Total minimum lease payments...................................... $ 45,654 10,296
=========
Less: Amount representing interest................................ (3,454)
---------
Capital lease obligation.......................................... $ 6,842
=========
The Company entered into a 14-year operating lease during 2003 for
additional office space in Palo Alto, California. Under the provisions of the
lease agreement, lease payments commenced in April and will be $54 a month for
the next year. The lease payments increase to $74 a month for the second year
and then will be set to prevailing market rent rates on an annual basis
thereafter.
7 -- GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 142 effective as of January
1, 2002. Accordingly, the Company no longer amortizes goodwill or other
intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. The Company has identified such
other indefinite-lived intangible assets to include certain previously acquired
technology. The Company will periodically evaluate its indefinite-lived
intangible assets for impairment in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No.
142. The Company also has other intangible assets, such as patents, licenses,
and customer lists, which will continue to be amortized over a weighted average
useful life of 11 years using the straight-line method. These assets are
expected to have no residual value once they are fully amortized. As of
December 31, 2003 all of the Company's goodwill and intangible assets are
related to the Bioproducts segment.
52
The following table summarizes the changes in each major class of
intangible assets from January 1, 2002 through December 31, 2003:
INTANGIBLE ASSETS
----------------------------------------------
OTHER
AMORTIZABLE
TECHNOLOGY ASSETS TOTAL GOODWILL
---------- ----------- --------- --------
BALANCES, JANUARY 1, 2002....... $ 15,617 $ 50,822 $ 66,439 $ 19,313
Acquired intangible assets.... - 11,496 11,496 9,807
Foreign currency translation
and other adjustments....... - 3,111 3,111 264
---------- ----------- --------- --------
Balances: December 31, 2002..... 15,617 65,429 81,046 $ 29,384
========
Less: Accumulated
amortization................ - (35,148) (35,148)
---------- ----------- ---------
Intangible assets, net........ $ 15,617 $ 30,281 $ 45,898
========== =========== =========
BALANCES: JANUARY 1, 2003....... $ 15,617 $ 65,429 $ 81,046 $ 29,384
Acquired intangible assets.... - 2,850 2,850 -
Foreign currency translation
and other adjustments....... 214 5,312 5,526 (4)
---------- ----------- --------- --------
Balances: December 31, 2003..... 15,831 73,591 89,422 $ 29,380
========
Less: Accumulated
amortization................ - (42,347) (42,347)
---------- ----------- ---------
Intangible assets, net........ $ 15,831 $ 31,244 $ 47,075
========== =========== =========
In conjunction with the EBS acquisition discussed in Note 2, the Company
acquired certain intangible assets during the year ended December 31, 2002. The
Company has assessed that the intangible assets associated with the EBS
acquisition consisted of $1,729 of amortizable intangibles, which are being
amortized over a period of approximately 7 years. The remaining $9,807 is the
excess of cost over net assets of the acquired business and will be tested for
impairment on at least an annual basis.
In conjunction with the acquisition of the brewing and enzyme business of
Rhodia Food UK Limited discussed in Note 2, the Company has completed the
segregation of acquired intangible assets among major classes. At December 31,
2003 the total purchase price of $10,501 was separated into major classes of
intangible assets. $10,287 has been classified as other intangible assets and
are being amortized over a period of approximately 15 years starting January 1,
2003. The remaining $214 has been classified as technology. This technology has
been determined to have an indefinite life and will not be amortized.
During 2003, the Company's other amortizable intangible assets were
increased by $5,647 due to the impact of foreign currency translation.
In November 2003, in conjunction with the settlement of certain commercial
matters, the Company obtained a license agreement valued at $2,850, which will
be amortized over a period of approximately 10 years.
53
The following table reflects the comparative net income available/(loss
applicable) to holders of common stock and earnings/(loss) per common share as
though the provisions of SFAS No. 142 were in effect for the years ended
December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001:
FOR THE YEAR
ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------
2003 2002 2001
-------- --------- ---------
Net income available/(loss applicable)
to holders of common stock as reported............. $ 15,533 $ (1,478) $ 10,499
Add back amortization:
Goodwill ($0, $0 and $928 pre-tax)................. - - 707
Technology ($0, $0 and $3,485 pre-tax)............. - - 2,161
-------- --------- ---------
Net income available/(loss applicable) to
holders of common stock as adjusted................ $ 15,533 $ (1,478) $ 13,367
======== ========= =========
Basic earnings/(loss) per share:
As reported....................................... $ 0.26 $ (0.02) $ 0.18
Amortization...................................... - - 0.05
-------- --------- ---------
As adjusted....................................... $ 0.26 $ (0.02) $ 0.23
======== ========= =========
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share:
As reported....................................... $ 0.26 $ (0.02) $ 0.17
Amortization...................................... - - 0.05
-------- --------- ---------
As adjusted....................................... $ 0.26 $ (0.02) $ 0.22
======== ========= =========
Estimated annual amortization expense is as follows:
2004........................................................... 4,600
2005........................................................... 4,100
2006........................................................... 3,800
2007........................................................... 2,500
2008........................................................... 1,300
Amortization expense was $5,682 in 2003, $5,563 in 2002 and $9,966 in 2001.
8 -- NOTES PAYABLE AND LONG-TERM DEBT
Notes payable and long-term debt consisted of the following at December 31:
2003 2002
----------- -----------
6.82% senior notes with payments of $28,000 due annually,
which commenced March 30, 2002.......................................... $ 84,000 $ 112,000
Notes payable of the Company's Chinese affiliate with
principal payments due in 2004 and 2005. Interest rates on
the notes range from 1.75% to 5.31%..................................... 7,738 7,942
Other..................................................................... 903 1,188
----------- -----------
92,641 121,130
Less: Current maturities.................................................. (34,175) (36,233)
----------- -----------
Long-term debt.......................................................... $ 58,466 $ 84,897
=========== ===========
The senior note agreements contain various financial covenants, which among
other things, require the maintenance of certain financial ratios. The most
significant of these relate to debt to total capital; total debt as a multiple
of earnings before interest, taxes,
54
depreciation and amortization (EBITDA); and minimum consolidated net worth. The
Company is currently in compliance with all of its financial covenants.
At December 31, 2003, principal obligations on notes payable and long-term
debt are as follows:
2004....................................................... $ 34,175
2005....................................................... 30,177
2006....................................................... 28,081
2007....................................................... 84
2008....................................................... 9
Thereafter................................................. 115
-----------
Total.................................................... $ 92,641
===========
On December 23, 2003, the Company entered into a new $40,000 revolving
credit facility with a syndicate of banks, which is available for general
corporate purposes. The new facility replaced the previous $40,000 facility,
which was to expire on January 31, 2004. The new credit facility makes available
to the Company $40,000 of committed borrowings and expires on December 23, 2006.
The credit facility carries fees of 0.25% on the amount of unborrowed principal
under the agreement. As of December 31, 2003 and 2002, there were no borrowings
under the facility.
9 -- REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
On December 1, 1991, the Company and its stockholders agreed to exchange
$97,000 of advances from stockholders (including interest payable of $12,604)
for 0.97 shares of no par value, 7 -1/2% Cumulative Series A preferred stock
(Series A preferred stock). Dividends are cumulative from the date of issuance
and are subtracted from net income in 2003, 2002 and 2001 in determining net
income available/(loss applicable) to common stockholders. The Series A
preferred stock was authorized and issued on May 5, 1992 and has no voting
rights except as required by law or in respect to certain matters involving the
Series A preferred stock. The shares are redeemable at any time in whole or in
part for $100,000 per share plus accrued unpaid dividends to the date of
redemption. The total redemption value of the Series A preferred stock at
December 31, 2003 and 2002 in the amounts of $177,025 and $169,750,
respectively, is classified on the Company's balance sheet as Redeemable
cumulative series A preferred stock and includes $80,025 and $72,750 of accrued
and unpaid dividends, respectively. The liquidation value is $100,000 per share
plus accrued dividends to be paid on a pro rata basis from assets available
after payment of debt and prior to any distribution on common stock.
10 -- STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
In addition to the Series A preferred stock, the Company has the authority
to issue 1,000 shares of preferred stock having a par value of $.01 per share.
No such shares have been issued as of December 31, 2003.
While the Company is permitted to pay dividends, certain covenants of the
Company's 6.82% Senior Notes restrict the payment of dividends or other
distributions in cash or other property to the extent the payment puts the
Company in default of these covenants. Such covenants include, but are not
limited to, the maintenance of debt to total capitalization of no greater than
55% and the maintenance of a maximum ratio of debt to EBITDA of 3.5:1.
No dividend was declared or paid to common stockholders in 2003, 2002 or
2001.
55
Accumulated other comprehensive loss consists of the following:
FOREIGN MARKETABLE ACCUMULATED
CURRENCY SECURITIES MINIMUM OTHER
TRANSLATION VALUATION PENSION COMPREHENSIVE
ADJUSTMENT ADJUSTMENT LIABILITY LOSS
------------ ---------- --------- -------------
Balances, December 31, 2000............... $ (48,360) $ 228 $ -- $ (48,132)
Current period change................... (14,239) (867) -- (15,106)
------------ ---------- --------- -------------
Balances, December 31, 2001............... (62,599) (639) -- (63,238)
Current period change................... 23,399 (2,824) (2,123) 18,452
------------ ---------- --------- -------------
Balances, December 31, 2002............... (39,200) (3,463) (2,123) (44,786)
Current period change................... 36,850 2,998 2,123 41,971
------------ ---------- --------- -------------
Balances, December 31, 2003............... $ (2,350) $ (465) $ -- $ (2,815)
============ ========== ========= =============
The change in the marketable securities valuation adjustment for the year
ended December 31, 2003 includes unrealized holding gains of $2,714 ($4,275
pre-tax) on the Company's available-for-sale securities. The remaining $284
($451 pre-tax) relates to a reduction to other comprehensive loss resulting from
the investment loss discussed in Note 1.
Majority stockholders of the Company are Eastman Chemical Company and
Danisco A/S (Danisco), with each holding approximately 42% of the common stock
outstanding and 50% each of the Series A preferred stock outstanding.
On November 30, 2001, executive officers of the Company surrendered 350
vested, restricted shares to the Company at a value of $16.09 per share, to pay
principal and interest due on notes receivable for restricted common stock on
January 27, 2002 by each respective officer. The surrendered shares were
recorded as treasury shares, accounted for under the cost method.
On August 21, 2002, in order to eliminate all stock-related loans,
executive officers of the Company surrendered 1,430 restricted shares at a value
of $10.77 per share, to make full payment of the outstanding principal and
interest on obligations under notes issued in connection with their purchase of
restricted common stock. The Company recorded the surrendered shares as treasury
shares, accounted for under the cost method. As of December 31, 2002, the
balance on these notes was eliminated.
11 -- EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
2002 Omnibus Incentive Plan
On March 12, 2002, the Company adopted the Genencor International, Inc.
2002 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the OI Plan). The OI Plan became effective on May
30, 2002 upon approval by the stockholders at the Annual Meeting. The OI Plan
serves as a successor plan to the SOAR Plan. Employees, outside directors,
consultants, advisors and independent contractors retained by the Company are
eligible to participate in the OI Plan. The OI Plan allows for the grant, at not
less than 100% of the market value as of the date of grant, of non-qualified and
incentive stock options to purchase the Company's common stock and stock
appreciation rights (SARs), based on the underlying value of the Company's
common stock. The OI Plan also allows for the grant of restricted and
unrestricted stock awards, performance shares (stock or stock-based awards
contingent upon attaining performance objectives) or performance units (units
valued by reference to chosen criteria). Under the terms of the OI Plan, the
Company has the ability to grant awards representing up to 6,800 shares of
common stock. In addition, any shares remaining, or shares that become available
under the SOAR Plan will be available for grant of awards under the OI Plan.
Generally, stock options and SARs vest and become exercisable, ratably over a
three-year period. These options expire 10 years from their grant date.
Restrictions, if any, on stock awards generally expire at the end of a three
year period.
Stock Option and Stock Appreciation Right Plan
On December 9, 1999, the Company adopted the SOAR Plan. Employees, outside
directors, consultants and advisors of the Company were eligible to participate
in the SOAR Plan. The SOAR Plan allowed for the grant, generally at market value
as of the date of grant, of incentive or non-statutory stock options to purchase
the Company's common stock and stock appreciation rights (SARs), based on the
underlying value of the Company's common stock. Under the terms of the SOAR
Plan, the Company had the ability to grant stock options and SARs representing
up to 9,000 shares of common stock, of which 5,774 stock options and 12 SARs
remained outstanding as of December 31, 2003. Options vest ratably over a
three-year period and expire 10 years from their grant date. SARs
56
vest 50% after three years, the remaining 50% after four years, and expire 10
years from their grant date. The OI Plan replaced the SOAR Plan.
The following table summarizes the stock option activity for the years
ending:
WEIGHTED AVERAGE EXERCISABLE WEIGHTED AVERAGE
OPTIONS EXERCISE PRICE OPTIONS EXERCISE PRICE
------- ---------------- ----------- ----------------
Options outstanding at
December 31, 2000................. 4,889 10.84 - N/A
Granted......................... 1,384 12.50 -
Exercised....................... (35) 9.84 -
Forfeited....................... (107) 12.77 -
-------
Options outstanding at
December 31, 2001............... 6,131 11.19 1,841 $ 10.97
Granted......................... 3,012 10.98 -
Exercised....................... (82) 9.70 -
Forfeited....................... (205) 11.13 -
-------
Options outstanding at
December 31, 2002................. 8,856 11.13 4,359 $ 11.02
Granted......................... 1,695 14.46 -
Exercised....................... (614) 10.77 -
Forfeited....................... (90) 13.18 -
-------
Options outstanding at
December 31, 2003................. 9,847 $ 11.71 6,608 $ 11.06
=======
The following table summarizes additional information about stock options
outstanding as of December 31, 2003:
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
---------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------
Range of Weighted Average Weighted Average Weighted Average
Exercise Prices Number Remaining Contract Life Exercise Price Number Exercise Price
- --------------- ------ ----------------------- -------------- ------ --------------
$ 8.00 - $10.00 4,404 6.24 $ 9.70 4,270 $ 9.70
$10.01 - $15.00 4,544 8.68 $ 12.37 1,692 $ 11.51
$15.01 - $20.00 781 6.81 $ 17.30 527 $ 17.75
$20.01 - $25.00 100 6.82 $ 23.15 100 $ 23.15
$25.01 - $34.00 18 6.78 $ 28.87 19 $ 28.87
------ ------
9,847 7.42 $ 11.71 6,608 $ 11.06
====== ======
Under the provisions of SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation," as amended by SFAS No. 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation-Transition and Disclosure," the Company has elected to continue to
account for stock options in accordance with the provisions of APB Opinion No.
25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees." Had compensation cost for the
Company's stock options been determined consistent with the provisions of SFAS
No. 123, the weighted average grant date fair value of options granted in 2003,
2002 and 2001 is summarized below:
2003 2002 2001
----------------- ------------------- -------------------
Fair Exercise Fair Exercise Fair Exercise
Value Price Value Price Value Price
----- -------- ----- -------- ----- --------
Options whose exercise price
equaled grant date market value..... $5.70 $ 14.46 $4.46 $ 10.99 $5.71 $ 13.46
Options whose exercise price was
less than grant date market value... N/A N/A N/A N/A 5.53 10.19
57
The fair value of options at date of grant was estimated using the
Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average
assumptions:
2003 2002 2001
-------- -------- --------
Expected life............... 4 years 4 years 4 years
Interest rate............... 2.33% 3.31% 4.05%
Volatility.................. 47.4% 47.3% 48.2%
Dividend yield.............. N/A N/A N/A
On a pro forma basis, had compensation cost for the Company's stock option
plans been determined based on the weighted average fair value at the grant
date, the Company's net income available/(loss applicable) and earnings/(loss)
per share would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts shown below:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
2003 2002 2001
--------- -------- -------
Net income available/(loss applicable)
to holders of common stock as reported.................... $ 15,533 $ (1,478) $10,499
Add: Stock-based employee compensation expense
included in reported net income available/
(loss applicable), net of related tax..................... 317 981 1,169
Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation
expense determined under fair value based method for
all awards, net of related tax effect..................... (5,716) (7,407) (4,707)
--------- -------- -------
Pro forma net income available/(loss applicable) ............ $ 10,134 $ (7,904) $ 6,961
========= ========= =======
Earnings/(loss) per share:
Basic - as reported........................................ $ 0.26 $ (0.02) $ 0.18
Basic - pro forma......................................... 0.17 (0.13) 0.12
Diluted - as reported...................................... 0.26 (0.02) 0.17
Diluted - pro forma....................................... $ 0.17 $ (0.13) $ 0.11
The pro forma figures in the preceding table may not be representative of
pro forma amounts in future years.
SARs are accounted for under the provisions of APB Opinion No. 25 as
interpreted by FASB Interpretation No. 28, "Accounting for Stock Appreciation
Rights and Other Variable Stock Option or Award Plans, an interpretation of APB
Opinions No. 15 and 25." FIN 28 requires that compensation expense be recognized
over the vesting period for any increase in the estimated market value of the
underlying stock. Decreases in the estimated market value of the underlying
stock in subsequent periods would cause compensation expense to be reduced in
that period although the related accrued liability would never be reduced below
zero. In 2003, 2002 and 2001, the Company recorded compensation expense of $60,
compensation income of $47 and $593, respectively, to reflect the change in the
market value of common stock during the period in relation to the grant price of
the Company's outstanding SARs. At December 31, 2003 and 2002 there were 12 and
14 SARs, respectively, outstanding, of which 5 were exercisable as of December
31, 2003.
Restricted Stock Awards
On June 6, 2003, the Company granted 47 shares of restricted common stock
to certain executive officers. These restricted shares were granted at fair
market value at the date of grant and the restrictions on these awards expire
three years from the grant date. Deferred compensation expense of $675 was
recorded in connection with these awards and was determined based on the number
of granted restricted shares and the fair market value on the grant date. This
amount was recorded as a component of stockholders' equity and will be amortized
as a charge to operations over the vesting period of the awards.
On November 6, 2002, the Company granted 75 shares of restricted common
stock to its chief executive officer. These restricted shares were granted at
fair market value at the date of grant and the restrictions on the award expire
three years from the grant date. Deferred compensation expense of $807 was
recorded in connection with the award and was determined based on the number of
58
granted restricted shares and the fair market value on the grant date. This
amount was recorded as a component of stockholders' equity and will be amortized
as a charge to operations over the vesting period of the award.
Conversion to Restricted Stock Units
During the fourth quarter of 2003, the Company allowed certain executive
officers to convert 92 previously issued restricted shares of common stock to
restricted stock units. As a result, the restricted common stock was canceled
and new restricted stock units were granted with vesting beginning as of the
grant date of the previously issued restricted common stock. The conversion had
no impact on the deferred compensation expense recognized.
Conversion of Stock Appreciation Rights
During the fourth quarter of 2001, the Company converted 451 previously
issued SARs to stock options. As a result, the SARs were canceled and new stock
options were granted at the exercise price and with vesting beginning as of the
grant date of the previously issued SARs. At the date of conversion, the accrued
compensation liability of $797 related to the SARs was reversed. For the new
stock options, stock-based compensation was then calculated as the difference
between the exercise price and the fair value of the new stock options on the
conversion date. For the vested portion of the stock options, the Company
recognized compensation expense of $655 in 2001. For the unvested portion,
deferred stock-based compensation expense of $328 was recorded as a component of
stockholders' equity and will be amortized as a charge to operations over the
remaining vesting period of the options.
Deferred Stock-Based Compensation
In connection with the grant of 881 stock options to employees between
January 1, 2000 and July 27, 2000, the Company recorded deferred compensation
expense of $7,112. Deferred compensation for options granted to employees is
determined based on the difference between the grant price and the fair value of
our common stock on the date we granted the options. This amount was recorded as
a component of stockholders' equity and amortized as a charge to operations over
the vesting period of the options.
In connection with the grant of stock options to employees during 2000,
amortization of deferred compensation expense for the year ended December 31,
2003 was $403. For the year ended December 31, 2002, these awards resulted in an
expense of $3,243, which included the acceleration of deferred compensation
expense related to elimination of all stock-related loans resulting from the
surrender to us of 1,430 restricted shares by certain executive officers.
In total, including the restricted stock awards and elimination of all
stock-related loans in 2002, amortization of deferred stock-based compensation
expense for 2003 and 2002 was $803 and $3,746, respectively, and was reported in
our Consolidated Statement of Operations as follows:
2003 2002
----- ------
Cost of products sold.................................... $ 30 $ 382
Research and development................................. 267 745
Sales, marketing and business development................ 66 1,271
General and administrative............................... 440 1,348
----- ------
Total amortization of deferred stock-based compensation.. $ 803 $3,746
===== ======
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
On March 13, 2001, the Company adopted the Genencor International, Inc.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the ESPP) and made a total of 2,000 shares of
common stock available for issuance under the plan. Under the ESPP, eligible
employees may purchase stock at 85% of the lower of the closing prices for the
stock as of the beginning or the end of each six-month offering period. The
offering periods generally begin in January and July. The first offering period
began July 1, 2001. Purchases are limited to 15% of the employee's compensation
and may not exceed 1 shares per offering period. At December 31, 2003 and 2002,
146 and 153 shares, respectively, had been issued. At December 31, 2001, no
shares had been issued.
Defined Contribution Pension Plans
The Company maintains employee benefit plans in the United States which
allow its eligible employees to make contributions, up to a certain limit, on a
tax deferred basis under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code.
59
The Company also contributes to the plans. Total employer contributions to
the plans for 2003, 2002 and 2001 amounted to $3,153, $2,869 and $2,612,
respectively.
Deferred Compensation Plan
On September 10, 2003, the Company adopted the Genencor International, Inc.
Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the NQDC Plan). The NQDC Plan became
effective on September 15, 2003 with deferrals of compensation beginning with
compensation payable on or after January 1, 2004. The NQDC Plan allows eligible
employees and directors the opportunity to defer the receipt of a portion of
their salary, bonus, restricted stock units, and gains from the exercise of
stock options. No deferred compensation was recorded as of December 31, 2003.
However, certain executive officers elected to defer restricted stock units as
allowed under the NQDC Plan during 2003.
60
Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
The Company provides defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit
plans to employees. Using a measurement date of December 31 for each of the
Company's plans, the following provides a reconciliation of benefit obligations,
plan assets, and funded status of all plans of the Company:
PENSION BENEFITS OTHER BENEFITS
------------------------------- ------------------------
2003 2002 2003 2002
------------- ------------- -------- --------
CHANGE IN BENEFIT OBLIGATION:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year ...... $ 57,071 $ 41,995 $ 2,031 $ 1,945
Service cost ................................. 4,208 3,359 200 213
Interest cost ................................ 3,339 2,675 153 136
Plan participants' contributions ............. 280 218 -- --
Amendments ................................... 235 -- -- --
Actuarial (gain)/loss ........................ (1,683) 4,162 529 392
Curtailment .................................. -- (2) -- (616)
Benefits paid ................................ (2,880) (2,099) (93) (39)
Translation .................................. 9,367 6,763 -- --
------------- ------------- -------- --------
Benefit obligation at end of year ............ $ 69,937 $ 57,071 $ 2,820 $ 2,031
============= ============= ======== ========
CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year $ 66,345 $ 62,094 $ -- $ --
Actual return on plan assets ................. 6,489 (6,672) -- --
Employer contributions ....................... 5,437 3,783 -- --
Plan participants' contributions ............. 280 218 -- --
Benefits paid ................................ (2,880) (2,099) -- --
Translation .................................. 11,858 9,021 -- --
------------- ------------- -------- --------
Fair value of plan assets at end of year ..... $ 87,529 $ 66,345 $ -- $ --
============= ============= ======== ========
FUNDED STATUS ................................ $ 17,592 $ 9,274 $ (2,820) $ (2,031)
Unrecognized net actuarial (gain)/loss ....... 14,911 16,517 890 404
Unrecognized net (asset)/obligation .......... -- 24 -- --
Unrecognized prior service cost .............. (114) (348) 109 162
------------- ------------- -------- --------
Prepaid cost (accrued benefit) ............... $ 32,389 $ 25,467 $ (1,821) $ (1,465)
============= ============= ======== ========
AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN THE
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS CONSIST OF:
Prepaid benefit cost ......................... $ 33,353 $ 26,259 $ -- $ --
Accrued benefit cost ......................... (964) (792) (1,821) (1,465)
------------- ------------- -------- --------
Net amount recognized ........................ $ 32,389 $ 25,467 $ (1,821) $ (1,465)
============= ============= ======== ========
WEIGHTED-AVERAGE ASSUMPTIONS AS OF DECEMBER 31:
NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COST:
Discount rate......................... 5.25% -- 6.50% 5.50% -- 6.50% 6.00% 6.50%
Expected return on plan assets........ 5.25% -- 8.00% 5.50% -- 8.00% N/A N/A
Rate of compensation increase......... 3.00% -- 6.50% 3.00% -- 6.50% N/A N/A
BENEFIT OBLIGATIONS:
Discount rate......................... 5.50% -- 6.00% 5.50% -- 6.50% 6.00% 6.50%
Rate of compensation increase......... 3.00% -- 6.50% 3.00% -- 6.50% N/A N/A
PENSION BENEFITS OTHER BENEFIT
-------------------------------- -------------------------------
2003 2002 2001 2003 2002 2001
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
COMPONENTS OF NET PERIODIC (BENEFIT) COST:
Service cost ......................................... $ 4,208 $ 3,359 $ 2,655 $ 200 $ 213 $ 161
Interest cost ........................................ 3,339 2,675 2,293 153 136 114
Expected return on plan assets ....................... (4,911) (4,519) (4,373) -- -- --
Amortization of net (asset)/obligation ............... 26 22 -- -- -- --
Amortization of prior service cost ................... (64) (46) (42) 55 55 55
Recognized net actuarial (gain)/loss ................. 694 60 (330) 42 26 2
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Net periodic (benefit) cost .......................... 3,292 1,551 203 450 430 332
Curtailment .......................................... -- 58 -- -- (327) --
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Total net periodic (benefit) cost .......... $ 3,292 $ 1,609 $ 203 $ 450 $ 103 $ 332
======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ========
61
As a result of the reduction in the number of employees covered by the
restructuring plan at the Company's Elkhart, Indiana facility, a curtailment
loss is reflected in the net periodic pension cost for the 2002 period. No such
loss was recorded in 2003. As part of the restructuring plan, the defined
benefit plan was frozen and all the participants of the plan either no longer
work for the Company or are covered under another plan. For the year ended
December 31, 2003, the plan had no service cost. At December 31, 2003 and 2002
the fair market value of the assets in the plan was $622 and $519, respectively,
all of which were in fixed income investments and money market funds.
The fair market values of the active U.S. plans' assets are as follows
at December 31:
2003 2002
--------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------
PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL
ASSET CATEGORY FAIR MARKET VALUE FAIR VALUE FAIR MARKET VALUE FAIR VALUE
- ------------------- ----------------- ------------------- ----------------- -------------------
Fixed Income $ 3,907 30% $ 2,838 33%
Money Market Funds -- -- 2,482 29%
Equity Securities:
Large Cap Growth 5,880 45% 1,331 15%
Mid Cap Growth -- -- 593 7%
Large Cap Value 3,284 25% 1,333 16%
The assets of the U.S. plan are intended to provide sufficient
liquidity to meet the current and expected demands for benefit payments. The
plan's investment policy provides the guidelines for the asset allocations of
the portfolio. The asset allocation provides the basis to achieve a risk
adjusted return to meet the current and future benefit payments. Each investment
category is matched with a market index and is compared to the fund's
performance on a quarterly basis. The asset allocation policy is 60% large cap
equities, 10% mid cap equities and 30% fixed income with an acceptable +10
percentage points or - 10 percentage points deviation in any asset category. The
U.S. plan's asset allocation policy represents a long-term view.
The U.S. plan's investment policy allows for the asset mix to
occasionally fall outside the policy range. However, any such divergence should
not exist for more than three months. The investment policy allows for the
purchase of common and preferred stock, fixed income investments such as
certificates of deposit, commercial paper, U.S. Government Treasury's, agency
securities, corporate bonds and mortgage backed securities. The investment
policy prohibits the purchase of commodities, futures and options, unrestricted
letterstock, private placements, venture capital, interest and principal only
mortgage backed securities, securities on margin, selling short or the Company's
stock. The investment policy also prohibits the purchase of stock from either of
the Company's majority stockholders, Eastman Chemical Company or Danisco A/S.
The U.S. plan's long-term expected rate of return on assets is 8.00%.
The Company determined the long-term expected rate of return on assets based on
benchmark indices blended using the U.S. plan's asset allocation. Until late
December 2003, the asset allocation was 60% equity/40% fixed income. The
portfolio return for 2003 was 13.30%. The benchmark indices of the S&P 500 and
Lehman Brothers Aggregate had a blended return of 9.75% for 10 years, 10.95% for
15 years and 11.85% for 20 years.
The accumulated benefit obligation of all U.S. defined benefit pension
plans at December 31, 2003 and 2002 is $12,736 and $9,145, respectively.
Estimated future benefit payments for all U.S. plans is as follows:
2004.......................................... $ 377
2005.......................................... 487
2006.......................................... 577
2007.......................................... 743
2008.......................................... 1,175
2009-2013..................................... 8,837
The estimated total contribution for all U.S. plans in 2004 is $1,598.
In accordance with SFAS No. 87, "Employers' Accounting for Pensions,"
the Company recorded an additional minimum pension liability of $2,573 at
December 31, 2002, for an underfunded plan in the Netherlands. This liability
represented the excess of unfunded accumulated benefit obligation over the
previously recorded pension cost liabilities. A corresponding amount was
recognized as an intangible asset except to the extent these additional
liabilities exceed related unrecognized prior service costs and transition
obligations, in which case the increase in liabilities is charged directly to
other comprehensive income. As of December 31, 2002, an after-tax charge of
$2,123 was recorded to other comprehensive income. As of December 31, 2003, the
fair value of the plan's assets
62
had increased significantly from December 31, 2002 balance and exceeds the
accumulated benefit obligation. In accordance with SFAS No. 87 the additional
minimum pension liability recorded in 2002 was eliminated in 2003.
SFAS No. 132, "Employers' Disclosures about Pensions and Other
Postretirement Benefits (revised 2003)," requires that the Company disclose the
aggregate benefit obligation (BO) and plan assets of all plans in which the BO
exceeds plan assets. Similar disclosure is required for all plans in which the
accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) exceeds plan assets. BO reflects the
present value of the pension obligation assuming salary increases. The ABO
reflects this obligation based on the current salary levels (i.e. no salary
increases). Accordingly, the ABO is a subset of the BO and the plans listed
under the Plans with an ABO in excess of plans assets are also included in the
amounts for Plans with BO in excess of plan assets. The aggregate BO and the
plan assets are also disclosed for plans in which the plan assets exceed the BO.
The amounts at December 31 for all of the Company's plans are as follows:
2003 2002
------------------------ ------------------------
Benefit Benefit
Obligation Plan Assets Obligation Plan Assets
---------- ----------- ---------- -----------
Plans with BO in excess of plan assets............... $ 20,219 $ 16,681 $ 26,620 $ 20,326
Plans with ABO in excess of plan assets.............. 466 -- 16,805 11,750
Plans with Assets in excess of plan BO............... 49,718 70,848 30,451 46,019
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the
amounts reported for the health care plans. The trend rates assumed for pre-65
claims graded to 5.0% in 2009 and were 9.0% in 2003, 10.0% in 2002 and 9.0% in
2001. The trend rates assumed for post-65 claims graded to 5.0% in 2011 and were
11.0% in 2003, 12.0% in 2002, and 9.0% in 2001. For both pre and post-65 claims,
the trend rate was assumed to remain at 5.0% after 2009 and 2011, respectively.
A one percentage point increase in assumed health care cost trend rates would
increase total service and interest cost by $7 and increase the postretirement
benefit obligation by $119. A one percentage point decrease in assumed health
care cost trend rates would decrease total service and interest cost by $6 and
decrease the postretirement benefit obligation by $98.
12 -- INCOME TAXES
The provision for/(benefit from) income taxes consisted of the
following for the years ended December 31:
2003 2002 2001
-------- -------- --------
Current:
Federal ................................. $ -- $ (7,265) $ 2,780
State ................................... -- -- 268
Foreign ................................. 4,414 8,582 3,878
-------- -------- --------
4,414 1,317 6,926
-------- -------- --------
Deferred:
Federal and State ....................... (4,202) (5,623) (2,198)
Foreign ................................. 1,817 (718) 1,946
-------- -------- --------
(2,385) (6,341) (252)
-------- -------- --------
Increase/(decrease) in valuation allowances 3,688 1,609 (100)
-------- -------- --------
$ 5,717 $ (3,415) $ 6,574
======== ======== ========
63
The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities consisted of the
following at December 31:
2003 2002
-------- --------
Current assets and liabilities:
Unrealized depreciation/(appreciation) on marketable
equity securities ................................ $ 490 $ 2,059
Deferred revenues .................................. 1,201 2,667
Inventories ........................................ (244) 200
Accrued expenses ................................... 1,251 929
Foreign currency exchange .......................... 204 903
Other items, net ................................... 378 338
-------- --------
3,280 7,096
-------- --------
Non-current assets and liabilities:
Net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards .... 32,048 23,937
Employee costs ..................................... (10,476) (7,712)
Depreciation and amortization ...................... (19,414) (17,171)
Other items, net ................................... (860) (188)
-------- --------
1,298 (1,134)
Valuation allowances ................................. (6,617) (2,929)
-------- --------
Net deferred tax liability ......................... $ (2,039) $ 3,033
======== ========
The Company's practice is to reinvest the earnings of its foreign
subsidiaries in these operations. Deferred income taxes have not been provided
on these earnings, as the Company does not plan to initiate any action that
would require the payment of related U.S. income taxes. It is not practicable to
estimate the amount of additional tax that might be payable on these
undistributed foreign earnings.
The Company has net operating loss carryforwards of $30,236 for U.S.
tax purposes, which expire in 2022 through 2023. The Company also has net
operating loss carryforwards of $5,922 for Chinese tax purposes, which expire in
2005 through 2007. The Company also has research and experimentation tax credit
carryforwards of $11,315 for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which expire in
2004 through 2023. Additionally, the Company has alternative minimum tax credit
carryforwards of $3,507, which may be used indefinitely to reduce U.S. federal
income taxes. Statutory expiration or legislative rescission of certain tax
credits currently benefiting the Company could have an adverse impact on the
Company's effective income tax rate.
A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets if management
believes that it is more likely than not that these items will either expire
before the Company is able to realize their benefit or that future deductibility
is uncertain. Although realization is not assured, management believes it is
more likely than not that the recorded deferred tax assets, net of valuation
allowance provided, will be realized. The Company's valuation allowances are
$6,617 and $2,929 at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.
The reconciliation of income tax from continuing operations computed at
the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to the Company's effective income tax rate
is as follows for the years ending December 31:
2003 2002 2001
-------- -------- --------
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate ........................ 35.0% 35.0% 35.0%
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit ......... (0.4%) (39.0%) 1.6%
Amortization of non-deductible intangible assets .............. 0.9% 55.4% 6.7%
Foreign and U.S. tax effects attributable to foreign operations (21.7%) (181.0%) (6.6%)
Change in valuation allowances ................................ 12.9% 67.6% (0.4%)
Tax credits ................................................... (6.2%) (68.4%) (6.7%)
Other, net .................................................... (0.5%) (13.0%) (2.6%)
------- --------- --------
20.0% (143.4%) 27.0%
======= ========= ========
Effective January 1, 2003, a change in the Belgian tax law reduced the
Belgian tax rate from 40.17% to 33.99%.
13 -- SEGMENT AND PRODUCT DATA
In accordance with SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information," segments were determined based on products
and services provided by each segment. Accounting policies for the segments are
the same as those described in Note 1. Performance of the segments is evaluated
based on operating income of the segment. No items below operating
64
income are allocated to the segments. The Company accounts for transactions, if
any, between the segments as though they were transactions with third parties at
approximate market prices. There were no material inter-segment transactions in
the periods presented. During 2003, the Company modified its managerial
financial reporting to reflect two operating segments: Bioproducts and Health
Care. Accordingly, the Company is providing data in this new financial structure
for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001.
Segment Information
The Bioproducts segment develops and delivers products and services to
the industrial, consumer and agri-processing markets to a global customer base.
All of the Company's current product revenues are derived from this segment.
The Health Care segment is primarily engaged in the performance of
research and development, securing intellectual property and the establishment
of strategic investments and collaborations in support of the Company's product
objectives in the health care market.
The following table provides information by business segment;
information for 2002 and 2001 has been restated to reflect the reorganized
business segments:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2003
Corporate Consolidated
Bioproducts Health Care Segment Subtotal and Other Totals
----------- ----------- ---------------- --------- ------------
Product revenue ............. $ 362,143 $ - $ 362,143 $ - $ 362,143
Fees and royalty revenues ... 20,594 425 21,019 - 21,019
Total revenues .............. 382,737 425 383,162 - 383,162
Research and development .... 45,687 26,847 72,534 - 72,534
Operating income/(loss) ..... 65,372 (33,648) 31,724 526 32,250
Total assets ................ 516,434 18,416 534,850 177,572 712,422
Depreciation and amortization 34,462 1,200 35,662 - 35,662
Capital additions ........... 24,884 7,965 32,849 - 32,849
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002
Corporate Consolidated
Bioproducts Health Care Segment Subtotal and Other Totals
----------- ----------- ---------------- --------- ------------
Product revenue ............. $ 329,337 $ - $ 329,337 $ - $ 329,337
Fees and royalty revenues ... 20,666 75 20,741 - 20,741
Total revenues .............. 350,003 75 350,078 - 350,078
Research and development .... 40,844 29,346 70,190 - 70,190
Operating income/(loss) ..... 44,564 (40,873) 3,691 3,571 7,262
Total assets ................ 467,782 5,719 473,501 181,421 654,922
Depreciation and amortization 31,127 2,064 33,191 - 33,191
Capital additions ........... 18,153 1,397 19,550 - 19,550
65
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001
Corporate Consolidated
Bioproducts Health Care Segment Subtotal and Other Totals
----------- ----------- ---------------- --------- ------------
Product revenue ................ $ 311,110 $ - $ 311,110 $ - $ 311,110
Fees and royalty revenues ...... 14,908 - 14,908 - 14,908
Total revenues ................. 326,018 - 326,018 - 326,018
Research and development ....... 43,458 16,645 60,103 - 60,103
Operating income/(loss) ........ 47,981 (24,105) 23,876 836 24,712
Total assets ................... 421,157 7,256 428,413 220,585 648,998
Depreciation and amortization... 35,346 828 36,174 - 36,174
Capital additions .............. 24,725 - 24,725 - 24,725
The following table provides a reconciliation of segment information to
total consolidated information:
2003 2002 2001
---------- ---------- ----------
Net income:
Operating income for reportable segments ................... $ 31,724 $ 3,691 $ 23,876
Other (income) ............................................. (526) (3,571) (836)
Investment expense ......................................... 1,018 1,500 -
Interest expense ........................................... 6,667 8,587 10,433
Interest (income) .......................................... (3,960) (5,207) (10,069)
Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes .................. 5,717 (3,415) 6,574
---------- ---------- ----------
Consolidated net income ............................ $ 22,808 $ 5,797 $ 17,774
========== ========== ==========
Total assets:
Total assets for reportable segments ....................... $ 534,850 $ 473,501 $ 428,413
Cash and cash equivalents not allocated to
business segments ........................................ 158,167 163,376 209,497
Deferred tax assets ........................................ 19,405 18,045 11,088
---------- ---------- ----------
Total consolidated assets .......................... $ 712,422 $ 654,922 $ 648,998
========== ========== ==========
Long-lived assets include property, plant, and equipment, goodwill,
intangible assets, and investments and other assets and are attributed to
countries based on physical location. Included in non-U.S. long-lived assets are
approximately $63,000 in 2003, $51,000 in 2002, and $44,000 in 2001 in Belgium
and approximately $45,000 in 2003, $39,000 in 2002 and $35,000 in 2001 in
Finland. Geographical information is as follows:
U.S. NON-U.S. CONSOLIDATED
-------- -------- ------------
2003
Product revenue ............................................ $147,969 $214,174 $362,143
Long-lived assets .......................................... $204,811 $152,559 $357,370
2002
Product revenue ............................................ $149,954 $179,383 $329,337
Long-lived assets .......................................... $195,177 $133,315 $328,492
2001
Product revenue ............................................ $141,683 $169,427 $311,110
Long-lived assets .......................................... $179,282 $117,528 $296,810
Product revenue by similar product groupings is as follows:
2003 2002 2001
-------- -------- --------
Protein degrading enzyme products .......................... $173,983 $171,213 $177,573
Starch degrading enzyme products ........................... 111,144 102,443 85,168
Cellulose degrading enzyme products......................... 54,142 40,623 34,169
Other ...................................................... 22,874 15,058 14,200
-------- -------- --------
Total ............................................ $362,143 $329,337 $311,110
======== ======== ========
66
14 -- RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Danisco A/S and its affiliates purchased products from the Company for
approximately $13,000, $11,000 and $9,000 during the years ended December 31,
2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively. The Company purchased products from and/or
through these related parties for approximately $2,000, $3,000, and $4,000
during the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Also, the
Company received approximately $70 and $400 in fees and royalty revenues from a
Danisco affiliate during 2003 and 2002, respectively. No such fees and royalty
revenues were received in 2001. These revenues were received under a
collaboration agreement for the development and commercialization of enzymes for
the animal feed market. In October 2000, the Company signed an exclusive
four-year agreement with Danisco for the development of innovative
bioingredients for the food industry. During the years ended December 31, 2003,
2002 and 2001, the Company received approximately $1,500, $1,100 and $1,300,
respectively, in fees and royalty revenues under this agreement.
At December 31, 2003 and 2002, the Company had amounts due from Danisco
of $111 and $377, respectively. At December 31, 2003 and 2002, the Company had
amounts due to Danisco of $960 and $227, respectively.
The Company had outstanding relocation-related notes receivable with
balances totaling $3,400 and $3,222 from officers of the Company at December 31,
2003 and 2002, respectively. The notes are non-interest bearing and are due at
the conclusion of five years from the date of issuance. Accordingly, interest
income is imputed at 3.97% to 6.80% per year on the notes, with an offset
recorded as compensation expense.
On June 6, 2003, the Company granted 47 shares of restricted common
stock to certain executive officers. These restricted shares were granted at
fair market value at the date of grant and the restrictions on these awards
expire three years from the grant date. Deferred compensation expense of $675
was recorded in connection with these awards and was determined based on the
number of granted restricted shares and the fair market value on the grant date.
This amount was recorded as a component of stockholders' equity and will be
amortized as a charge to operations over the vesting period of the awards.
During November 2002, the Company granted 75 shares of restricted
common stock to its chief executive officer. These restricted shares were
granted at fair market value at the date of grant and the restrictions on the
award expire three years from the grant date. Deferred compensation expense of
$807 was recorded in connection with the award and was determined based on the
number of granted restricted shares and the fair market value on the grant date.
This amount was recorded as a component of stockholders' equity and will be
amortized as a charge to operations over the vesting period of the award.
The Company also had outstanding promissory notes of $14,647 at
December 31, 2001. This amount related to the exercise of stock options and
purchase of restricted shares by executive officers of the Company during April
2000. In November 2001, the Company allowed these executive officers to
surrender 350 vested, restricted shares to the Company at a value of $5,630, to
pay principal and interest due on these notes. On August 21, 2002, in order to
eliminate all stock-related loans, the Company's executive officers surrendered
1,430 restricted shares at a value of $10.77 per share, to make full payment of
the outstanding principal and accrued interest on their obligations under these
notes. The Company is holding the surrendered shares as treasury stock.
15 -- SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
2003 2002 2001
-------- -------- --------
Interest paid ............................... $ 7,145 $ 9,065 $ 10,433
======== ======== ========
Taxes paid .................................. $ 5,803 $ 6,244 $ 9,728
======== ======== ========
Schedule of non-cash investing and
financing activity:
Acquisition of treasury stock in exchange for
notes and interest receivable ............. $ -- $ 15,202 $ 5,316
======== ======== ========
Debt of acquired business ................... $ -- $ 974 $ --
======== ======== ========
Issuance of restricted stock ................ $ 675 $ 807 $ --
======== ======== ========
Intangible assets acquired in non-cash
settlement ................................ $ 2,850 $ -- $ --
======== ======== ========
16 -- COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company, from time to time, is involved in legal proceedings
involving claims against the Company, which are handled and defended in the
ordinary course of business. While the resolution of such litigation could have
a material effect on earnings and cash
67
flows in the year of resolution, none is currently expected to have a material
adverse effect on the financial condition of the Company as of December 31,
2003.
17 -- SELECTED QUARTERLY DATA (UNAUDITED)
FIRST SECOND THIRD FOURTH
2003 QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER
- ---- ------- ------- ------- -------
Product revenue ......................... $90,038 $89,744 $89,795 $92,566
Gross profit ............................ 39,197 37,958 37,699 39,806
Net income .............................. 6,520 7,619 4,099 4,570
Net income available to holders of common
stock ................................. 4,701 5,800 2,281 2,751
Basic earnings per common share ......... $ 0.08 $ 0.10 $ 0.04 $ 0.05
======= ======= ======= =======
Diluted earnings per common share ....... $ 0.08 $ 0.10 $ 0.04 $ 0.04
======= ======= ======= =======
FIRST SECOND THIRD FOURTH
2002 QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER
- ---- ------- ------- ------- -------
Product revenue ............................ $75,548 $85,470 $85,931 $82,388
Gross profit ............................... 33,430 39,374 35,661 34,489
Net (loss)/income .......................... (1,059) 4,783 2,952 (879)
Net (loss applicable)/income available to
holders of common stock .................. (2,878) 2,964 1,134 (2,698)
Basic (loss)/earnings per common share ..... $ (0.05) $ 0.05 $ 0.02 $ (0.05)
======= ======= ======= =======
Diluted (loss)/earnings per common share ... $ (0.05) $ 0.05 $ 0.02 $ (0.05)
======= ======= ======= =======
FIRST SECOND THIRD FOURTH
2001 QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER
- ---- ------- ------- ------- -------
Product revenue ......................... $75,268 $78,514 $77,847 $79,481
Gross profit ............................ 34,370 34,987 33,715 35,052
Net income .............................. 6,277 4,109 3,370 4,018
Net income available to holders of common
stock ................................. 4,458 2,290 1,552 2,199
Basic earnings per common share ......... $ 0.07 $ 0.04 $ 0.03 $ 0.04
======= ======= ======= =======
Diluted earnings per common share ....... $ 0.07 $ 0.04 $ 0.03 $ 0.04
======= ======= ======= =======
18 -- COLLABORATIVE AGREEMENTS
During April 2003, the Company announced that it had exceeded the
project goal of its contract with NREL to further the development of an
economically-viable enzymatic process for converting biomass to ethanol.
Expanding on the Company's research in this area, the Company announced in
September 2003, that Cargill Dow LLC had named the Company as its development
partner to create advanced enzyme systems for a biomass project supported by the
U.S. Department of Energy.
During 2003, the Company amended its strategic alliance with Seattle
Genetics, Inc., which was formed in January 2002 to jointly discover and develop
a class of cancer therapeutics. Under the modified terms of the alliance, the
companies extended the term of the collaboration by two additional years and the
Company obtained a non-exclusive license to Seattle Genetics's proprietary
antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT) technology for use with
multiple targets. The companies have the option to either co-develop or
independently develop products utilizing the other party's technology, subject
to the payment of fees, milestones and royalties on net sales of independent
products. In July 2003, the Company made a payment of $500 to Seattle Genetics
in accordance with this amended agreement. During 2002, the Company made an
equity investment in Seattle Genetics of $3,000 and made a $500 payment in
accordance with the original agreement.
During January 2002, the Company entered into a two-year extendable
collaboration agreement with The Johns Hopkins University for the research of
therapeutic vaccines and other immunotherapies targeting cancers and oncogenic
viruses. Under the agreement, the Company received worldwide licenses to certain
proprietary technologies as well as exclusive commercialization rights to any
products developed through the agreement. This collaboration required the
Company to pay an upfront license fee as well as annual royalties.
68
The agreement also requires certain research and development funding and has
potential for additional milestone payments and royalties on future product
sales.
During October 2002, the Company and the University of Leicester
announced that they would participate in a collaboration for microbial
biotechnology between the European Union (EU) and the People's Republic of
China. The three-year project funded by the European Commission Fifth Framework
Program strives to identify metabolic and genetic diversity as a source of new
and valuable products.
During July 2001, the Company acquired a 10% ownership interest in and
entered into a license agreement with Epimmune Inc. The Company also entered
into a research collaboration agreement with Epimmune Inc. Although the
Company's investment in Epimmune Inc. is considered available-for-sale, the
Company currently has no intent to liquidate its investment. Therefore, the
investment is recorded at fair value within investments and other assets. In
December 2001, we increased our equity stake in Epimmune and made our first
research milestone payment.
During October 2001, the Company entered into a strategic alliance with
Dow Corning Corporation to create a new, proprietary technology platform for the
development of new biomaterials. The terms of the agreement included an upfront
payment, which is being recognized over the term of the agreement, research
funding and milestone payments.
19 -- SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
In January 2004, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 106-1,
"Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription
Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003." This Position permits
employers that sponsor postretirement benefit plans that provide prescription
drug benefits to retirees to make a one-time election to defer accounting for
any effects of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization
Act of 2003 (Act). Specific authoritative guidance on the accounting for the
federal subsidy is pending and that guidance, when issued, could require the
sponsor of such a plan to change previously reported information. The Company's
financial statements do not reflect the Act due to the level of uncertainty
about the pending guidance.
69
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
SCHEDULE II
GENENCOR INTERNATIONAL, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
BALANCE AT ADDITIONS DEDUCTIONS/ BALANCE AT
BEGINNING CHARGED TO AMOUNTS END
OF PERIOD EARNINGS WRITTEN OFF OF PERIOD
---------- ---------- ----------- ---------
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
Year Ended December 31, 2003
Deducted in the Consolidated Balance
Sheet:
From current assets:
Trade accounts receivable, allowance
for doubtful accounts ............ $ (2,770) $ (838) $ 1,574 $(2,034)
Reserve for obsolete and slow moving
inventory and lower of cost or
market adjustments .............. (2,679) (3,084) 2,999 (2,764)
-------- -------- -------- -------
Total ................................. (5,449) (3,922) 4,573 (4,798)
======== ======== ======== =======
Deferred tax valuation allowance ...... (2,929) (3,711) 23 (6,617)
======== ======== ======== =======
From current liabilities:
Restructuring reserves ............. (805) -- 358 (447)
======== ======== ======== =======
Year Ended December 31, 2002
Deducted in the Consolidated Balance
Sheet:
From current assets:
Trade accounts receivable, allowance
for doubtful accounts ............ (2,628) (557) 415 (2,770)
Reserve for obsolete and slow moving
inventory and lower of cost or
market adjustments .............. (1,789) (1,205) 315 (2,679)
-------- -------- -------- -------
Total ................................. (4,417) (1,762) 730 (5,449)
======== ======== ======== =======
Deferred tax valuation allowance ...... (1,320) (1,609) -- (2,929)
======== ======== ======== =======
From current liabilities:
Restructuring reserves ............. (234) (16,427) 15,856 (805)
======== ======== ======== =======
Year Ended December 31, 2001
Deducted in the Consolidated Balance
Sheet:
From current assets:
Trade accounts receivable, allowance
for doubtful accounts ............ (2,574) (255) 201 (2,628)
Reserve for obsolete and slow moving
inventory and lower of cost or
market adjustments .............. (2,043) -- 254 (1,789)
-------- -------- -------- -------
Total ................................. (4,617) (255) 455 (4,417)
======== ======== ======== =======
Deferred tax valuation allowance ...... (1,420) (680) 780 (1,320)
======== ======== ======== =======
From current liabilities:
Restructuring reserves ............. (2,679) -- 2,445 (234)
======== ======== ======== =======
70
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Internal Controls
Disclosure Controls are procedures that are designed with the objective of
ensuring that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act), such as this Report, is
recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified
in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. Disclosure Controls
are also designed with the objective of ensuring that such information is
accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions
regarding required disclosure. Internal Controls are procedures which are
designed with the objective of providing reasonable assurance that (1) our
transactions are properly authorized; (2) our assets are safeguarded against
unauthorized or improper use; and (3) our transactions are properly recorded and
reported, all to permit the preparation of our financial statements in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America. Accordingly, a control system, no matter how well conceived and
operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the
objectives of the control system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in
any control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be
detected.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this Report, we carried out an
evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management,
including Jean-Jacques Bienaime, our Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and
President, and Raymond J. Land, our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)). Based upon that
evaluation, Mr. Bienaime and Mr. Land concluded that the Company's disclosure
controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by
this Report.
Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting
that occurred during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this
Report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially
affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART III.
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our
definitive proxy statement to be issued in connection with our Annual Meeting of
Stockholders on May 27, 2004 under the captions "Proposed for Election as
Directors for a Three-Year Term Expiring in 2007," " Directors Whose Terms Do
Not Expire at the Meeting," "Executive Officers," and "Section 16(a) Beneficial
Ownership Reporting Compliance," which proxy statement will be filed within 120
days after the end of our 2003 fiscal year.
We have adopted a code of conduct that applies to our directors, officers
and employees, which is attached to this Report as Exhibit 99.1.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our
definitive proxy statement to be issued in connection with our Annual Meeting of
Stockholders on May 27, 2004 under the caption "Executive Compensation"
(excepting the "Report of the
71
Management Development and Compensation Committee" and the "Stock Price
Performance Graph"), which proxy statement will be filed within 120 days after
the end of our 2003 fiscal year.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our
definitive proxy statement to be issued in connection with our Annual Meeting of
Stockholders on May 27, 2004 under the caption "Security Ownership of Certain
Beneficial Owners and Management," which proxy statement will be filed within
120 days after the end of our 2003 fiscal year.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
Number of securities remaining
Number of securities to be available for future issuance
issued upon exercise of Weighted-average exercise under equity compensation
outstanding options, warrants price of outstanding options, plans (excluding securities
Plan category and rights warrants and rights reflected in column (a))
(a) (b) (c)
- ----------------------------- ----------------------------- ----------------------------- -------------------------------
Equity compensation plans
approved by security holders 9,846,948 $ 11.71 3,231,141
Equity compensation plans not
approved by security holders _ N/A _
Total 9,846,948 $ 11.71 3,231,141
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our
definitive proxy statement to be issued in connection with our Annual Meeting of
Stockholders on May 27, 2004 under the caption "Certain Transactions," which
proxy statement will be filed within 120 days after the end of our 2003 fiscal
year.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our
definitive proxy statement to be issued in connection with our Annual Meeting of
Stockholders on May 27, 2004 under the caption "Selection of Our Independent
Accountants," which proxy statement will be filed within 120 days after the end
of our 2003 fiscal year.
PART IV.
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
Item 15(a)(1):
Consolidated Financial Statements:
Report of Independent Auditors
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
72
Item 15(a)(2):
The following financial statement schedule is filed as part of this Report:
Schedule II- Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Item 15(a)(3) and 15(c):
See Index to Exhibits
Item 15(b):
On October 30, 2003, we furnished a Current Report on Form 8-K regarding
our press release concerning financial results for the three months and
nine months ended September 30, 2003 under Item 12. The press release,
including condensed financial statements and other financial information,
was reported under Item 7.
Item 15(d):
All other schedules are omitted since the required information is not
present or is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of
the schedule, or because the information required is included in the
consolidated financial statements and notes thereto.
73
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report on Form 10-K to
be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
GENENCOR INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Date: March 12, 2004 By: /s/ Jean-Jacques Bienaime
-------------------------
Jean-Jacques Bienaime
Chairman, Chief Executive
Officer and President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
Report on Form 10-K has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of
the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature Title Date
--------- ----- ----
/s/ Jean-Jacques Bienaime Director, Chairman, Chief Executive March 12, 2004
- ------------------------- Officer and President
Jean-Jacques Bienaime (Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ Raymond J. Land Senior Vice President and March 12, 2004
- ------------------------- Chief Financial Officer
Raymond J. Land (Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ Darryl L. Canfield Vice President and Corporate Controller March 12, 2004
- ------------------------- (Principal Accounting Officer)
Darryl L. Canfield
/s/ Soren Bjerre-Nielsen Director March 12, 2004
- -------------------------
Soren Bjerre-Nielsen
/s/ Gregory O. Nelson Director March 12, 2004
- -------------------------
Gregory O. Nelson
/s/ Bruce C. Cozadd Director March 12, 2004
- -------------------------
Bruce C. Cozadd
/s/ Jorgen Rosenlund Director March 12, 2004
- -------------------------
Jorgen Rosenlund
/s/ Theresa K. Lee Director March 12, 2004
- -------------------------
Theresa K. Lee
/s/ Robert H. Mayer Director March 12, 2004
- -------------------------
Robert H. Mayer
/s/ Joseph A. Mollica Director March 12, 2004
- -------------------------
Joseph A. Mollica
/s/ Norbert G. Riedel Director March 12, 2004
- -------------------------
Norbert G. Riedel
/s/ James P. Rogers Director March 12, 2004
- -------------------------
James P. Rogers
74
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
(2) Plan of acquisition, reorganization, arrangement, liquidation or succession
Not applicable.
(3) Articles of Incorporation and By-laws
3.1 Form of Restated Certificate of Incorporation is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to Amendment No. 3 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-36452) filed
on July 24, 2000.
3.2 Form of Amended and Restated Bylaws is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 3.4 to Amendment No. 3 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-36452) filed
on July 24, 2000.
(4) Instruments defining the rights of securities holders, including indentures
4.1 Exhibit 3.1 to this Report is incorporated herein by reference.
4.2 Exhibit 3.2 to this Report is incorporated herein by reference.
4.3 Form of Specimen Common Stock Certificate is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Amendment No. 3 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-36452)
filed on July 24, 2000.
4.4 Note Agreement for the $140,000,000 6.82% Senior Notes due 2006
between the Company and the purchasers identified therein, dated
March 28, 1996 is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to
Amendment No. 1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1
(Registration No. 333-36452) filed on June 26, 2000.
4.5 Amendment No. 1 dated as of September 25, 1996 to Note Agreement for
the $140,000,000 6.82% Senior Notes due 2006 is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.
4.6 Amendment No. 2 dated as of December 31, 1996 to Note Agreement for
the $140,000,000 6.82% Senior Notes due 2006 is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.
4.7 Amendment No. 3 dated as of May 5, 2000 to Note Agreement for the
$140,000,000 6.82% Senior Notes due 2006 is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 4.7 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.
4.8 Amendment No. 4 dated as of October 1, 2000 to Note Agreement for
the $140,000,000 6.82% Senior Notes due 2006 is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.
4.9 Amendment No. 5 dated as of April 17, 2002 to Note Agreement for the
$140,000,000 6.82% Senior Notes due 2006 is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 4.9 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2002.
*4.10 $40,000,000 Three Year Credit Agreement dated as of December 23,
2003 by and among the Company, the Lenders party thereto and ABN
AMRO BANK, N.V., as Administrative Agent.
(9) Voting Trust Agreement
Not applicable.
(10) Material Contracts
10.1 Stockholder Agreement between the Company, Eastman Chemical Company
and Danisco A/S, dated July
75
25, 2000 is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to
Amendment No. 4 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1
(Registration No. 333-36452) filed on July 26, 2000.
10.2 First Amendment to Stockholder Agreement, dated February 16, 2001,
between the Company, Eastman Chemical Company and Danisco A/S is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.
10.3 Second Amendment to Stockholder Agreement, dated November 15, 2002,
between the Company, Eastman Chemical Company and Danisco A/S is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.
*10.4 Third Amendment to Stockholder Agreement, dated as of April 2, 2003,
by and among the Company, Eastman Chemical Company and Danisco A/S.
10.5 Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Company and its
directors and executive officers is incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit 10.1 to Amendment No. 3 to the Company's Registration
Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-36452) filed on July 24,
2000.
10.6 Lease Agreement by and between the Company and The Board of Trustees
of the Leland Stanford Junior University dated May 22, 1995 is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Amendment No. 1
to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration
No. 333-36452) filed on June 26, 2000. (Palo Alto)
10.7 Lease by and between the Company and the Board of Trustees of the
Leland Stanford Junior University dated January 30, 2003 is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2003.
(Palo Alto supplemental lease)
10.8 Lease Agreement between the Company and Meridian Centre Associates,
L.P., dated August 16, 1999, as amended September 1, 1999 is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Amendment No. 1
to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration
No. 333-36452) filed on June 26, 2000. (Rochester)
10.9 Lease between Genencor International B.V. and ABN AMRO Onroerend
Goed Lease en Financieringen B.V., dated January 6, 1999 is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to Amendment No. 1
to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration
No. 333-36452) filed on June 26, 2000. (Leiden, the Netherlands)
10.10 Deed of Economic Transfer between Genencor International B.V. and
ABN AMRO Goed Lease en Financieringen B.V., dated January 6, 1999 is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8.1 to Amendment No.
1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration
No. 333-36452) filed on June 26, 2000.
10.11 Lease agreement by and between the Company and Eastman Kodak
Company, dated August 28, 1991 is incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit 10.9 to Amendment No. 1 to the Company's Registration
Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-36452) filed on June 26,
2000. (Rochester)
10.12 First Amendment to Lease, dated November 30, 2001, by and between
the Company and Eastman Kodak Company is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.
10.13 Second Amendment to Lease Agreement and Landlord Consent, dated July
8, 2002, by and between the Company and Eastman Kodak Company is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.
+10.14 Collaborative Research and Development Agreement between the Company
and E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, dated September 1, 1995, as
amended, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to
Amendment No. 3 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1
(Registration No. 333-36452) filed on July 24, 2000.
76
+10.15 Fourth Amendment to Collaborative Research and Development Agreement
dated 1st September, 1995, between E. I. du Pont de Nemours and
Company and the Company, dated February 27, 2001 is incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Company's Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001.
+10.16 Fifth Amendment to Collaborative Research and Development Agreement
dated 1st September, 1995, between E. I. du Pont de Nemours and
Company and the Company, dated December 1, 2001 is incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Company's Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001.
10.17 Amended and Restated Equity Joint Venture Contract between Genencor
Mauritius Ltd. and Wuxi Enzyme Factory, dated May 10, 1998 is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to Amendment No. 1
to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration
No. 333-36452) filed on June 26, 2000.
10.18 Agreement for the First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Equity
Joint Venture Contract and First Amendment to the Amended and
Restated Articles of Association, dated as of December 23, 2002,
between Genencor Mauritius Ltd. and Wuxi Enzymes Factory is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.
#10.19 Senior Executive Relocation Policy is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.18 to Amendment No. 1 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-36452)
filed on June 26, 2000.
#10.20 Form of executive officer Promissory Note is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.19 to Amendment No. 1 to the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-36452)
filed on June 26, 2000.
#10.21 Employment Agreement dated October 17, 2002 between the Company and
Jean-Jacques Bienaime is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
10.20 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2002.
#10.22 Form of executive officer Employment Agreement is incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to Amendment No. 1 to the
Company's Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-36452) filed
on June 26, 2000.
+10.23 Enzyme Supply Agreement by and between the Company and Cargill,
Incorporated dated as of January 5, 2001 is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2001.
+10.24 License Agreement by and between Epimmune Inc. and the Company dated
as of July 9, 2001 is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended September 30, 2001.
10.25 First Amendment of the License Agreement by and between Epimmune
Inc. and the Company dated as of October 16, 2002 is incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to the Company's Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.
+10.26 Collaboration Agreement by and between Epimmune Inc. and the Company
dated as of July 9, 2001 is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the quarter ended September 30, 2001.
+10.27 First Amendment of the Collaboration Agreement by and between
Epimmune Inc. and the Company dated as of October 16, 2002 is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.
+10.28 Securities Purchase Agreement by and between Epimmune Inc. and the
Company dated as of July 9, 2001 is incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended September 30, 2001.
+10.29 Supply Agreement by and among The Procter & Gamble Manufacturing
Company, The Procter & Gamble Company, Procter & Gamble
International Operations SA, and P&G Northeast Asia PTE, Ltd., and
the Company executed October 17, 2001 is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the
77
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2001.
+10.30 First Amendment to Supply Agreement by and between the Company and
The Procter and Gamble Company entered into as of January 1, 2003 is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2003.
+10.31 Research Agreement between Dow Corning Corporation and the Company
dated October 4, 2001 is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
10.27 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2001.
10.32 Letter agreement dated February 11, 2003 between Dow Corning
Corporation and the Company is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended September 30, 2003.
*10.33 Letter agreement dated December 16, 2003 between Dow Corning
Corporation and the Company.
+10.34 Enzyme Supply Agreement between the Company and Corn Products
International, Inc., dated February 5, 2002 is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2002.
*#10.35 Genencor International, Inc. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation
Plan effective as of September 15, 2003.
(11) Statement re computation of per share earnings
Not included as a separate exhibit as computation can be determined
from Note 1 to the financial statements included in this Report
under Item 8.
(12) Statements re computation of ratios
Not applicable.
(13) Annual report to security holders, Form 10-Q, or quarterly report to
security holders
Not applicable.
(16) Letter re change in certifying accountant
Not applicable.
(18) Letter re change in accounting principles
Not applicable.
(21) Subsidiaries of the Registrant
*21.1 Subsidiaries of the Registrant
(22) Published report regarding matters submitted to a vote of security holders
Not applicable.
(23) Consents of experts and counsel
*23.1 Consent of Independent Accountants
(24) Power of Attorney
Not applicable.
(31) Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications
*31.1 Rule 13a-14(a)/15(d)-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer
*31.2 Rule 13a-14(a)/15(d)-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer
(32) Section 1350 Certifications
78
*32.1 Section 1350 Certifications of each of the Chief Executive Officer
and the Chief Financial Officer
(99) Additional Exhibits
*99.1 Genencor International, Inc. Code of Conduct
- -------------------
* Exhibits filed with this Report.
+ Confidential Treatment requested as to certain information which has been
separately filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to an
application for such treatment.
# Management contract or compensatory plan.
79