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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark one)
/X/ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001
OR
/ / TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period for __________ to __________
Commission file number 1-11588
SAGA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 38-3042953
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization)
73 Kercheval Avenue
Grosse Pointe Farms, Michigan 48236
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (313) 886-7070
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Name of each exchange on which
Title of each class registered
- ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------
Class A Common Stock, $.01 par value American Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes /X/ No / /.
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Rule
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendments to
this Form 10-K. / /
Aggregate market value of the Class A Common Stock and the Class B Common
Stock (assuming conversion thereof into Class A Common Stock) held by
nonaffiliates of the registrant, computed on the basis of $24.55 per share (the
closing price of the Class A Common Stock on March 15, 2002 on the American
Stock Exchange): $355,896,072.
The number of shares of the registrant's Class A Common Stock, $.01 par
value, and Class B Common Stock, $.01 par value, outstanding as of March 15,
2002 was 14,536,808 and 1,888,296, respectively.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
1. Proxy Statement for the 2002 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (to be filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on or before April 30, 2002) is
incorporated by reference in Part III hereof.
-1-
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
We are a broadcast company primarily engaged in acquiring, developing and
operating radio and television stations.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
Since January 1, 2001, we have acquired the following stations serving the
markets indicated:
- February 1, 2001: two FM and two AM radio stations (WCVQ-FM,
WZZP-FM, WDXN-AM, and WJMR-AM) serving the Clarksville,
Tennessee / Hopkinsville, Kentucky market for approximately
$6,700,000.
- February 1, 2001: one FM radio station (WVVR-FM) serving the
Clarksville, Tennessee / Hopkinsville, Kentucky market for
approximately $7,000,000, including approximately $1,000,000
of the Company's Class A Common Stock. The radio station was
owned by a company in which a member of our Board of Directors
had a 35% beneficial ownership interest. The purchase price
was determined on an arm's length basis. We also obtained an
opinion from an independent appraiser that the purchase price
was fair from a financial point of view.
- April 1, 2001: an AM and FM radio station (WHAI-AM and
WHMQ-FM) serving the Greenfield, Massachusetts market for
approximately $2,200,000.
- July 1, 2001: two FM radio stations (KMIT-FM and KUQL-FM)
serving the Mitchell, South Dakota market for approximately
$4,050,000.
In addition, in February 2002 we entered into an agreement to acquire an
AM and FM radio station (WKNE-AM/FM) serving the Keene, New Hampshire market,
and an AM and FM radio station (WKVT-AM/FM) serving the Brattleboro, Vermont
market for approximately $9,075,000. This acquisition is subject to the approval
of the Federal Communications Commission and is expected to close during the
second quarter of 2002.
For additional information with respect to these acquisitions, see Item 7.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources.
-2-
BUSINESS
As of March 15, 2002 we owned and/or operated four television stations and
three low-power television stations serving three markets; three state radio
networks; and thirty-six FM and twenty-one AM radio stations serving sixteen
markets, including Columbus, Ohio; Norfolk, Virginia; and Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
The following table sets forth information about our television stations
and the markets they serve as of March 15, 2002:
2001
Market Fall 2001
Ranking by Station Ranking
Number of TV (by
Station Market (a) Households (b) Station Affiliate # of viewers) (b)
- ------- ---------- -------------- ----------------- -----------------
KOAM Joplin, MO - Pittsburg, KS 145 CBS 1
WXVT Greenwood - Greenville, MS 182 CBS 2
KAVU Victoria, TX 204 ABC 1
KVCT (c) Victoria, TX 204 FOX 2
KUNU-LP Victoria, TX 204 Univision 3
KVTX-LP Victoria, TX 204 Telemundo N/R
KXTS-LP Victoria, TX 204 NBC N/R
(a) Actual city of license may differ from metro market actually served.
(b) Derived from Investing in Television Market Report 2001, based on A.C.
Nielson ratings and data.
(c) Station operated under the terms of a local marketing agreement ("LMA").
N/R Station does not appear in Investing in Television Market Report 2001.
-3-
The following table sets forth information about our radio stations and
the markets they serve as of March 15, 2002:
2001 Fall 2001
Market Target
Ranking Demographics
by Radio Ranking (by Target
Station Market (a) Revenue (b) Station Format listeners) (c) Demographics
- ------- ---------- ----------- -------------- -------------- ------------
FM:
WSNY Columbus, OH 29 Adult Contemporary 1 Women 25-54
WKLH Milwaukee, WI 34 Classic Hits 2 Men 35-49
WLZR Milwaukee, WI 34 Album Oriented Rock 1 Men 18-34
WJMR-FM Milwaukee, WI 34 Urban Adult Contemporary 8 Women 25-49
WFMR Milwaukee, WI 34 Classical 10 Adults 45+
WNOR Norfolk, VA 45 Album Oriented Rock 1 Men 18-34
WAFX Norfolk, VA 45 Classic Hits 1 Men 35-49
KSTZ Des Moines, IA 76 Hot Adult Contemporary 2 Women 25-44
KIOA Des Moines, IA 76 Oldies 1 Adults 45-64
KAZR Des Moines, IA 76 Album Oriented Rock 1 Men 18-34
KLTI Des Moines, IA 76 Soft Adult Contemporary 2 Women 35-54
WAQY Springfield, MA 108 Classic Rock 1 Men 25-49
WLZX Springfield, MA 108 Active Rock 2(e) Men 18-34
WHAI Greenfield, MA N/A Adult Contemporary 1 Women 18+
WZID Manchester, NH 111 Adult Contemporary 1 Adults 25-54
WQLL Manchester, NH 111 Oldies 4(e) Adults 45-64
WMGX Portland, ME 128 Adult Contemporary 1 Women 25-54
WYNZ Portland, ME 128 Oldies 1 Adults 45-64
WPOR Portland, ME 128 Country 2 Adults 35+
WLRW Champaign, IL 148 Hot Adult Contemporary 1 Women 18-49
WIXY Champaign, IL 148 Country 1 Adults 25-54
WKIO Champaign, IL 148 Oldies 2 Adults 45-64
WYMG Springfield, IL 171 Classic Hits N/S Men 25-54
WQQL Springfield, IL 171 Oldies N/S Adults 45-64
WDBR Springfield, IL 171 Contemporary Hits N/S Women 18-34
WMHX Springfield, IL 171 Adult Contemporary N/S Adults 25-49
WNAX Sioux City IA 222 Country N/S Adults 35+
WCVQ Clarksville- 275 Hot Adult Contemporary 3 Women 18-49
Hopkinsville, TN- KY
WVVR Clarksville- 275 Country 8 Adults 25-54
Hopkinsville, TN- KY
WZZP Clarksville- 275 Classic Hits 3(e) Men 35-49
Hopkinsville, TN- KY
KISM Bellingham, WA N/A Rock N/R Men 25-49
KAFE Bellingham, WA N/A Adult Contemporary N/R Women 25-54
KICD Spencer, IA N/A Country N/R Adults 35+
KLLT Spencer, IA N/A Adult Contemporary N/R Adults 25-54
KMIT Mitchell, SD N/A Country N/R Adults 35+
KUQL Mitchell, SD N/A Oldies N/R Adults 45-64
(footnotes on next page)
-4-
2001 Fall 2001
Market Target
Ranking Demographics
by Radio Ranking (by Target
Station Market (a) Revenue (b) Station Format listeners) (c) Demographics
- ------- ---------- ----------- -------------- -------------- ------------
AM:
WVKO Columbus, OH 29 Gospel N/A Adults 35+
WJYI Milwaukee, WI 34 Contemporary Christian N/A Adults 18+
WJOI Norfolk, VA 45 Nostalgia N/A Adults 45+
KRNT Des Moines, IA 76 Nostalgia/Sports 7 Adults 35+
KXTK Des Moines, IA 76 Talk/Sports N/A Adults 35+
WHMP Springfield, MA 108 News/Talk 11(d) Adults 35+
WHNP Springfield, MA 108 News/Talk 11(d) Adults 35+
WHMQ Greenfield, MA N/A News/Talk 11(d) Adults 35+
WFEA Manchester, NH 111 Nostalgia 3(e) Adults 45+
WGAN Portland, ME 128 News/Talk 1 Adults 35+
WZAN Portland, ME 128 News/Talk 10 Men 35-54
WBAE Portland, ME 128 Nostalgia N/A Adults 35+
WTAX Springfield, IL 171 News/Talk N/S Adults 35+
WLLM Springfield, IL 171 Adult Standards N/S Adults 45+
WNAX Yankton, SD 222 Full Service/Country N/S Adults 35+
WDXN Clarksville- 275 Talk N/R Adults 35+
Hopkinsville, TN- KY
WJMR-AM Clarksville- 275 Urban Adult Contemporary 4 Women 35-54
Hopkinsville, TN- KY
KGMI Bellingham, WA N/A News/Talk N/R Adults 35+
KPUG Bellingham, WA N/A Sports/Talk N/R Men 18+
KBAI Bellingham, WA N/A Adult Standards N/R Adults 45+
KICD Spencer, IA N/A News/Talk N/R Adults 35+
(a) Actual city of license may differ from metro market actually served.
(b) Derived from Investing in Radio 2001 Market Report.
(c) Information derived from most recent available Arbitron Radio Market
Report.
(d) Since stations are simulcast, ranking information pertains to the combined
stations.
(e) Tied for position.
N/A Information is currently not available.
N/R Station does not appear in Arbitron Radio Market Report.
N/S Station is a non-subscriber to the Arbitron Radio Market Report.
-5-
STRATEGY
Our strategy is to operate top billing radio and television stations in
mid-sized markets. We prefer to operate in mid-sized markets, which we define as
markets ranked from 20 to 200 out of the markets summarized by Investing in
Radio Market Report and Investing in Television Market Report. As of March 15,
2002, we owned and/or operated at least one of the top three billing stations in
each of our radio and television markets for which independent data exists.
Based on the most recent information available, 13 of the 36 FM radio
stations and 1 of the 21 AM radio stations we own and/or operate were ranked
number one (by number of listeners), and 2 of the 7 television stations we own
and/or operate were ranked number one (by number of viewers), in their target
demographic markets. Programming and marketing are key components in our
strategy to achieve top ratings in both our radio and television operations. In
many of our markets, the three or four most highly rated stations (radio and/or
television) receive a disproportionately high share of the market's advertising
revenues. As a result, a station's revenue is dependent upon its ability to
maximize its number of listeners/viewers within an advertiser's given
demographic parameters. In certain cases we use attributes other than specific
market listener data for sales activities. In those markets where sufficient
alternative data is available, we do not subscribe to an independent listener
rating service.
Our radio stations employ a variety of programming formats, including
Classic Hits, Adult Contemporary, Album Oriented Rock, News/Talk, Country and
Classical. We regularly perform extensive market research, including music
evaluations, focus groups and strategic vulnerability studies. Our stations also
employ audience promotions to further develop and secure a loyal following.
The television stations that we own and/or operate are comprised of two
CBS affiliates, one ABC affiliate, one Fox affiliate, one Univision affiliate,
one NBC affiliate and one Telemundo affiliate. In addition to securing network
programming, we also carefully select available syndicated programming to
maximize viewership. We also develop local programming, including a strong local
news franchise.
In operating our stations, we concentrate on the development of strong
decentralized local management, which is responsible for the day-to-day
operations of the station. We compensate local management based on the station's
financial performance, as well as other performance factors that are deemed to
effect the long-term ability of the stations to achieve financial performance
objectives. Corporate management is responsible for long-range planning,
establishing policies and procedures, resource allocation and monitoring the
activities of the stations.
-6-
We actively seek and explore opportunities for expansion through the
acquisition of additional broadcast properties. Under the Telecommunications Act
of 1996 (the "Telecommunications Act"), a company is now permitted to own as
many as 8 radio stations in a single market. See "Federal Regulation of Radio
and Television Broadcasting". The Telecommunications Act also eliminated the
limitations on the number of radio stations one organization can own in total.
We seek to acquire reasonably priced broadcast properties with significant
growth potential that are located in markets with well-established and
relatively stable economies. We often focus on local economies supported by a
strong presence of state or federal government or one or more major
universities. Future acquisitions will be subject to the availability of
financing and compliance with the Communications Act of 1934 (the
"Communications Act") and Federal Communications Commission ("FCC") rules.
Although we review acquisition opportunities on an ongoing basis, we have no
other present understandings, agreements or arrangements to acquire or sell any
radio or television stations, other than those discussed.
ADVERTISING SALES
Virtually all of our revenue is generated from the sale of advertising for
broadcast on our stations. Depending on the format of a particular radio
station, there are a predetermined number of advertisements broadcast each hour.
The number of advertisements broadcast on our television stations may be limited
by certain network affiliation and syndication agreements and, with respect to
children's programs, federal regulation. We determine the number of
advertisements broadcast hourly that can maximize a station's available revenue
dollars without jeopardizing listening/viewing levels. While there may be shifts
from time to time in the number of advertisements broadcast during a particular
time of the day, the total number of advertisements broadcast on a particular
station generally does not vary significantly from year to year. Any change in
our revenue, with the exception of those instances where stations are acquired
or sold, is generally the result of pricing adjustments which are made to ensure
that the station efficiently utilizes available inventory.
Advertising rates charged by radio and television stations are based
primarily on a station's ability to attract audiences in the demographic groups
targeted by advertisers; the number of stations in the market competing for the
same demographic group; the supply of and demand for radio and television
advertising time; and other qualitative factors, including rates charged by
competing radio and television stations within a given market. Radio rates are
generally highest during morning and afternoon drive-time hours, while
television advertising rates are generally higher during prime time evening
viewing periods. Most advertising contracts are short-term, generally running
for only a few weeks. This allows broadcasters the ability to modify advertising
rates as dictated by changes in station ownership within a market, changes in
listener/viewer ratings and changes in the business climate within a particular
market.
Approximately 81% of our gross revenue in fiscal 2001 (80% in fiscal 2000)
was generated from the sale of local advertising. Additional revenue is
generated from the sale of national advertising, network compensation payments,
barter and other miscellaneous transactions. In all our markets, we attempt to
maintain a local sales force that is generally larger than our competitors. The
principal goal in our sales efforts is to develop long-standing customer
relationships through frequent direct contacts, which we believe represents a
competitive advantage. We also typically provide incentives to our sales staff
to seek out new opportunities resulting in the establishment of new client
relationships, as well as new sources of revenue, not directly associated with
the sale of broadcast time.
-7-
Each of the our stations also engage national independent sales
representatives to assist us in obtaining national advertising revenues. These
representatives obtain advertising through national advertising agencies and
receive a commission from us based on our net revenue from the advertising
obtained. Total gross revenue resulting from national advertising in fiscal 2001
was approximately $21,678,000 or 18.7% of our gross revenue (approximately
$20,993,000 or 18.4% in fiscal 2000).
COMPETITION
Both radio and television broadcasting are highly competitive businesses.
Our stations compete for listeners/viewers and advertising revenues directly
with other radio and/or television stations, as well as other media, within
their markets. Our radio and television stations compete for listeners/viewers
primarily on the basis of program content and by employing on-air talent which
appeals to a particular demographic group. By building a strong listener/viewer
base comprised of a specific demographic group in each of its markets, we are
able to attract advertisers seeking to reach these listeners/viewers.
Other media, including broadcast television and/or radio (as applicable),
cable television, newspapers, magazines, direct mail, the internet, coupons and
billboard advertising, also compete with us for advertising revenues.
The radio and television broadcasting industries are also subject to
competition from new media technologies that may be developed or introduced,
such as the delivery of audio programming by cable television systems, direct
reception from satellites, and streaming of audio on the internet. We cannot
predict what effect, if any, that any of these new technologies may have on us
or the broadcasting industry.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 2001, we had approximately 722 full-time employees and
302 part-time employees, none of whom are represented by unions. We believe that
our relations with our employees are good.
We employ several high-profile personalities with large loyal audiences in
their respective markets. We have entered into employment and non-competition
agreements with our President and with most of our on-air personalities, as well
as non-competition agreements with our commissioned sales representatives.
-8-
FEDERAL REGULATION OF RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING
INTRODUCTION. The ownership, operation and sale of radio and television
stations, including those licensed to us, are subject to the jurisdiction of the
FCC, which acts under authority granted by the Communications Act. Among other
things, the FCC assigns frequency bands for broadcasting; determines the
particular frequencies, locations and operating power of stations; issues,
renews, revokes and modifies station licenses; determines whether to approve
changes in ownership or control of station licenses; regulates equipment used by
stations; adopts and implements regulations and policies that directly or
indirectly affect the ownership, operation and employment practices of stations;
and has the power to impose penalties for violations of its rules or the
Communications Act. For additional information on the impact of FCC regulations
and the introduction of new technologies on our operations, see "Forward Looking
Statements; Risk Factors" below.
The following is a brief summary of certain provisions of the
Communications Act and of specific FCC regulations and policies. Reference
should be made to the Communications Act, FCC rules and the public notices and
rulings of the FCC for further information concerning the nature and extent of
federal regulation of broadcast stations.
LICENSE RENEWAL. Radio and television broadcasting licenses are granted
for maximum terms of eight years, and are subject to renewal upon application to
the FCC. Under its "two-step" renewal process, the FCC must grant a renewal
application if it finds that during the preceding term the licensee has served
the public interest, convenience and necessity, and there have been no serious
violations of the Communications Act or the FCC's rules which, taken together,
would constitute a pattern of abuse. If a renewal applicant fails to meet these
standards, the FCC may either deny its application or grant the application on
such terms and conditions as are appropriate, including renewal for less than
the full 8-year term. In making the determination of whether to renew the
license, the FCC may not consider whether the public interest would be served by
the grant of a license to a person other than the renewal applicant. If the FCC,
after notice and opportunity for a hearing, finds that the licensee has failed
to meet the requirements for renewal and no mitigating factors justify the
imposition of lesser sanctions, the FCC may issue an order denying the renewal
application, and only thereafter may the FCC accept applications for a
construction permit specifying the broadcasting facilities of the former
licensee. Petitions may be filed to deny the renewal applications of our
stations, but any such petitions must raise issues that would cause the FCC to
deny a renewal application under the standards adopted in the "two-step" renewal
process. Under the Communications Act, if a broadcast station fails to transmit
signals for any consecutive 12-month period, the FCC license expires at the end
of that period.
-9-
The following table sets forth the market and broadcast power of each of
our broadcast stations (or pending acquisitions) and the date on which each such
station's FCC license expires:
Expiration Date of
Station Market(1) Power (Watts)(2) FCC Authorization
- ------- --------- ---------------- -----------------
FM:
WSNY Columbus, OH 50,000 October 1, 2004
WKLH Milwaukee, WI 50,000 December 1, 2004
WLZR Milwaukee, WI 50,000 December 1, 2004
WFMR Milwaukee, WI 6,000 December 1, 2004
WJMR Milwaukee, WI 6,000 December 1, 2004
WNOR Norfolk, VA 50,000 October 1, 2003
WAFX Norfolk, VA 100,000 October 1, 2003
KSTZ Des Moines, IA 100,000 February 1, 2005
KIOA Des Moines, IA 100,000 February 1, 2005
KAZR Des Moines, IA 100,000 February 1, 2005
KLTI Des Moines, IA 100,000 February 1, 2005
WMGX Portland, ME 50,000 April 1, 2006
WYNZ Portland, ME 25,000 April 1, 2006
WPOR Portland, ME 50,000 April 1, 2006
WLZX Northampton, MA 6,000 April 1, 2006
WAQY Springfield, MA 50,000 April 1, 2006
WZID Manchester, NH 50,000 April 1, 2006
WQLL Manchester, NH 6,000 April 1, 2006
WYMG Springfield, IL 50,000 December 1, 2004
WQQL Springfield, IL 50,000 December 1, 2004
WDBR Springfield, IL 50,000 December 1, 2004
WMHX Lincoln, IL 25,000 December 1, 2004
WLRW Champaign, IL 50,000 December 1, 2004
WIXY Champaign, IL 25,000 December 1, 2004
WKIO Urbana, IL 25,000 December 1, 2004
WNAX Yankton, SD 100,000 April 1, 2005
KISM Bellingham, WA 100,000 February 1, 2006
KAFE Bellingham, WA 100,000 February 1, 2006
KICD Spencer, IA 100,000 February 1, 2005
KLLT Spencer, IA 25,000 February 1, 2005
WCVQ Fort Campbell, KY 100,000 August 1, 2004
WZZP Hopkinsville,KY 6,000 August 1, 2004
WVVR Hopkinsville, KY 100,000 August 1, 2004
KMIT Mitchell, SD 100,000 April 1, 2005
KUQL Wessington Springs, SD 100,000 April 1, 2005
WHAI Greenfield, MA 6,000 April 1, 2006
WKNE(6) Keene, NH 50,000 April 1, 2006
WKVT(6) Brattleboro, NH 6,000 April 1, 2006
(footnotes on next page)
-10-
Expiration Date of
Station Market(1) Power (Watts)(2) FCC Authorization
- ------- --------- ---------------- -----------------
AM:
WVKO Columbus, OH 1,000 October 1, 2004
WJYI Milwaukee, WI 1,000 December 1, 2004
WJOI Norfolk, VA 1,000 October 1, 2003
KRNT Des Moines, IA 5,000 February 1, 2005
KXTK Des Moines, IA 10,000 February 1, 2005
WGAN Portland, ME 5,000 April 1, 2006
WZAN Portland, ME 5,000 April 1, 2006
WBAE Portland, ME 1,000 April 1, 2006
WHNP Springfield, MA 2,500(5) April 1, 2006
WHMP Northampton, MA 1,000 April 1, 2006
WFEA Manchester, NH 5,000 April 1, 2006
WTAX Springfield, IL 1,000 December 1, 2004
WLLM Lincoln, IL 1,000(5) December 1, 2004
WNAX Yankton, SD 5,000 April 1, 2005
KGMI Bellingham, WA 5,000 February 1, 2006
KPUG Bellingham, WA 10,000 February 1, 2006
KBAI Bellingham, WA 1,000(5) February 1, 2006
KICD Spencer, IA 1,000 February 1, 2005
WJMR Fort Campbell, KY 1,000(5) August 1, 2004
WDXN Clarksville, TN 1,000(5) August 1, 2004
WHMQ Greenfield, MA 1,000 April 1, 2006
WKNE(6) Keene, NH 5,000 April 1, 2006
WKVT(6) Brattleboro, NH 1,000 April 1, 2006
TV/CHANNEL:
KOAM (Ch 7) Joplin, MO/Pittsburg, KS 316,000(vis), 61,600 (aur) June 1, 2006
KAVU (Ch 25) Victoria, TX 2,140,000(vis), 214,000(aur) August 1, 2006
KVCT(3) (Ch 19) Victoria, TX 155,000(vis), 15,500(aur) August 1, 2006
KUNU-LP(4) (Ch 21) Victoria, TX 1,000(vis) August 1, 2006
KVTX-LP(4) (Ch 45) Victoria, TX 1,000(vis) August 1, 2006
KXTS-LP(4) (Ch 41) Victoria, TX 1,000(vis) August 1, 2006
WXVT (Ch 15) Greenville, MS 2,746,000(vis), 549,000(aur) June 1, 2005
(1) Some stations are licensed to a different community located within the
market that they serve.
(2) Some stations are licensed to operate with a combination of effective
radiated power ("ERP") and antenna height which may be different from, but
provide equivalent coverage to, the power shown. The ERP of television
stations is expressed in terms of visual ("vis") and aural ("aur")
components. WVKO(AM), KXTK(AM), KPUG(AM), KGMI(AM), and KBAI(AM) operate
with lower power at night than the power shown.
(3) We program this station pursuant to a local marketing agreement with the
licensee of KVCT, Surtsey Productions, Inc. See note 12 of the
Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the
relationship with Surtsey Productions, Inc.
(4) KUNU-LP, KXTS-LP and KVTX-LP are "low power" television stations that
operate as "secondary" stations (i.e., if they conflict with the
operations of a "full power" television station, the low power stations
must change their facilities or terminate operations).
(5) Operates daytime only or with greatly reduced power at night.
(6) Pending Acquisition.
-11-
OWNERSHIP MATTERS. The Communications Act prohibits the assignment of a
broadcast license or the transfer of control of a broadcast licensee without the
prior approval of the FCC. In determining whether to grant or renew a broadcast
license, the FCC considers a number of factors pertaining to the licensee,
including compliance with the Communications Act's limitations on alien
ownership; compliance with various rules limiting common ownership of broadcast,
cable and newspaper properties; and the "character" and other qualifications of
the licensee and those persons holding "attributable or cognizable" interests
therein.
Under the Communications Act, broadcast licenses may not be granted to any
corporation having more than one-fifth of its issued and outstanding capital
stock owned or voted by aliens (including non-U.S. corporations), foreign
governments or their representatives (collectively, "Aliens"). The
Communications Act also prohibits a corporation, without FCC waiver, from
holding a broadcast license if that corporation is controlled, directly or
indirectly, by another corporation in which more than 25% of the issued and
outstanding capital stock is owned or voted by Aliens. The FCC has issued
interpretations of existing law under which these restrictions in modified form
apply to other forms of business organizations, including partnerships. Since we
serve as a holding company for our various radio station subsidiaries, we cannot
have more than 25% of our stock owned or voted by Aliens.
The Communications Act and FCC rules also generally prohibit or restrict
the common ownership, operation or control of a radio broadcast station and a
television broadcast station serving the same geographic market. The FCC's rules
permit the ownership of up to two television stations by the same entity if (a)
at least eight independently owned and operated full-power commercial and
noncommercial TV stations would remain in the Designated Market Area ("DMA") in
which the communities of license of the TV stations in question are located, and
(b) the two merging stations are not both among the top four-ranked stations in
the market as measured by audience share. The FCC established criteria for
obtaining a waiver of the rules to permit the ownership of two television
stations in the same DMA that would not otherwise comply with the FCC's rules.
Under certain circumstances, a television station may merge with a "failed" or
"failing" station or an "unbuilt" station if strict criteria are satisfied.
Additionally, the FCC now permits a party to own up to two television stations
(if permitted under the modified TV duopoly rule) and up to six radio stations
(if permitted under the local radio ownership rules), or one television station
and up to seven radio stations, in any market where at least 20 independently
owned media voices remain in the market after the combination is effected
("Qualifying Market"). The FCC will permit the common ownership of up to two
television stations and four radio stations in any market where at least 10
independently owned media voices remain after the combination is effected. The
FCC will permit the common ownership of up to two television stations and one
radio station notwithstanding the number of voices in the market. The FCC also
adopted rules that make television time brokerage agreements or LMA's count as
if the brokered station were owned by the brokering station in making a
determination of compliance with the FCC's multiple ownership rules. LMA's
entered into before November 5, 1996, are grandfathered until 2004. As a result
of the FCC's rules, we would not be permitted to acquire a television broadcast
station (other than low power television) in a non-Qualifying Market in which we
now own any television properties. The FCC revised its rules to permit a
television station to affiliate with two or more major networks of television
broadcast stations under certain conditions. (Major existing networks are still
subject to the FCC's dual network ban).
-12-
We are permitted to own an unlimited number of radio stations on a
nationwide basis (subject to local ownership restrictions described below). We
are permitted to own an unlimited number of television stations on a nationwide
basis so long as the ownership of the stations would not result in an aggregate
national audience reach (i.e., the total number of television households in the
Arbitron Area of Dominant Influence ("ADI") markets in which the relevant
stations are located divided by the total national television households as
measured by ADI data at the time of a grant, transfer or assignment of a
license) of 35%. This so-called "national television station ownership rule" was
appealed to the court, and on February 21, 2002, the United States Court of
Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit remanded the rule to the FCC for
further consideration and vacated outright a related rule that prohibited a
cable television system from carrying the signal of any television station it
owned in the same local market.
Under the Communications Act, we are permitted to own radio stations
(without regard to the audience shares of the stations) based upon the number of
radio stations in the relevant radio market as follows:
Number of
Stations In
Radio Market Number of Stations We Can Own
- ------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------
14 or Fewer Total of 5 stations, not more than 3 in the same service (AM or FM)
except the Company cannot own more than 50% of the stations in the
market.
15-29 Total of 6 stations, not more than 4 in the same service (AM or FM).
30-44 Total of 7 stations, not more than 4 in the same service (AM or FM).
45 or More Total of 8 stations, not more than 5 in the same service (AM or FM).
The FCC has increased its scrutiny of some proposed acquisitions and
mergers on antitrust grounds and has initiated a policy of placing a "flag"
soliciting public comment on concentration of control issues based on
advertising revenue shares or other criteria, on the public notice announcing
the acceptance of assignment and transfer applications. The FCC has flagged
proposed transactions that would result in one entity controlling 50% or more of
the advertising revenues in the relevant Arbitron radio market or two entities
controlling 70% or more of the advertising revenues in the radio market. The FCC
uses revenue data supplied by BIA Research, Inc. ("BIA"). On November 9, 2001,
the FCC released a Notice of Proposed Rule Making and Further Notice of Proposed
Rule Making that commenced a comprehensive examination of its rules and policies
concerning multiple ownership of radio stations in local markets and established
an interim policy to clarify the review criteria for currently pending and
future applications. The FCC will continue to "flag" applications that in its
view raise competitive concerns. In making its competitive analysis of flagged
applications, the FCC will examine (1) product market definition, (2) geographic
definition, (3) market participants, (4) market shares and concentration, (5)
barriers to entry, (6) potential adverse competitive effects, and (7)
efficiencies and other public interest benefits. As a result of these new
policies, we may not be permitted to acquire additional radio stations in
markets where we own stations that earn 50% or more of the revenues in that
market as reported by BIA or where we and another broadcast company garner 70%
or more of the revenues in the market. We cannot predict whether the FCC will
adopt rules that would restrict our ability to acquire additional stations.
New rules to be promulgated under the Communications Act may permit us to
own, operate, control or have a cognizable interest in additional radio
broadcast stations if the FCC determines that such ownership, operation, control
or cognizable interest will result in an increase in the number of radio
stations in operation. No firm date has been established for initiation of this
rule-making proceeding.
-13-
In March 2002, the FCC issued a Second Further Notice of Proposed Rule
Making wherein it sought comment on the procedures it should use to license
"non-reserved" broadcast channels (i.e., those FM channels not specifically
reserved for noncommercial use) in which both commercial and noncommercial
educational ("NCE") entities have an interest. The FCC suggested several options
for treating the exempt entities. The first option would be simply to hold NCE
entities ineligible for licenses for non-reserved channels. The second option
would be to permit NCE entities the opportunity to acquire licenses for
non-reserved channels when there is no conflict with commercial entities. The
third option would be to provide NCE entities the opportunity to reserve
additional channels in the Table of Allotments through reservation criteria that
are more relaxed than the current criteria. If the FCC were to adopt the third
option, our ability to apply for new radio authorizations could be limited where
an NCE entity expressed interest in the use of the new channel.
The FCC generally applies its ownership limits to "attributable" interests
held by an individual, corporation, partnership or other association. In the
case of corporations holding broadcast licenses, the interests of officers,
directors and those who, directly or indirectly, have the right to vote 5% or
more of the corporation's stock (or 20% or more of such stock in the case of
certain passive investors that are holding stock for investment purposes only)
are generally attributable, as are positions of an officer or director of a
corporate parent of a broadcast licensee. Currently, three of our officers and
directors have an attributable interest in companies applying for or licensed to
operate broadcast stations other than us.
On January 19, 2001, the FCC revised its ownership attribution rules to
(a) apply to limited liability companies and registered limited liability
partnerships the same attribution rules that the FCC applies to limited
partnerships; and (b) create a new equity/debt plus ("EDP") rule that attributes
the other media interests of an otherwise passive investor if the investor is
(1) a "major-market program supplier" that supplies over 15% of a station's
total weekly broadcast programming hours, or (2) a same-market media entity
subject to the FCC's multiple ownership rules (including broadcasters, cable
operators and newspapers) so that its interest in a licensee or other media
entity in that market will be attributed if that interest, aggregating both debt
and equity holdings, exceeds 33% of the total asset value (equity plus debt) of
the licensee or media entity. We could be prohibited from acquiring a financial
interest in stations in markets where application of the EDP rule would result
in us having an attributable interest in the stations. In reconsidering its
rules, the FCC also eliminated the "single majority shareholder exemption" which
provides that minority voting shares in a corporation where one shareholder
controls a majority of the voting stock are not attributable. Minority interests
acquired before the date of adoption of the reconsideration decision were
grandfathered. As a result, the broadcast interests of purchasers of 5% or more
of our voting stock acquired after the date of the FCC's decision would be
attributed to us, and vice versa.
In addition to the FCC's multiple ownership rules, the Antitrust Division
of the United States Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission have
the authority to examine proposed transactions for compliance with antitrust
statutes and guidelines. The Antitrust Division has become more active recently
in reviewing proposed acquisitions. It has issued "civil investigative demands"
and obtained consent decrees requiring the divestiture of stations in a
particular market based on antitrust concerns.
-14-
PROGRAMMING AND OPERATION. The Communications Act requires broadcasters to
serve the "public interest". Licensees are required to present programming that
is responsive to community problems, needs and interests and to maintain certain
records demonstrating such responsiveness. Complaints from listeners concerning
a station's programming often will be considered by the FCC when it evaluates
renewal applications of a licensee, although such complaints may be filed at any
time and generally may be considered by the FCC at any time. Stations also must
follow various rules promulgated under the Communications Act that regulate,
among other things, political advertising, sponsorship identification, the
advertisement of contests and lotteries, obscene and indecent broadcasts, and
technical operations, including limits on radio frequency radiation. The FCC now
requires the owners of antenna supporting structures (towers) to register them
with the FCC. As an owner of such towers, we are subject to the registration
requirements. The Children's Television Act of 1990 and the FCC's rules
promulgated thereunder require television broadcasters to limit the amount of
commercial matter which may be aired in children's programming to 10.5 minutes
per hour on weekends and 12 minutes per hour on weekdays. The Children's
Television Act and the FCC's rules also require each television licensee to
serve, over the term of its license, the educational and informational needs of
children through the licensee's programming (and to present at least three hours
per week of "core" educational programming specifically designed to serve such
needs). Licensees are required to publicize the availability of this programming
and to file annually a report with the FCC on these programs and related
matters. On January 1, 1998, a new FCC rule became effective which requires
television stations to provide closed captioning for certain video programming
according to a schedule that gradually increases the amount of video programming
that must be provided with captions.
Failure to observe these or other rules and policies can result in the
imposition of various sanctions, including monetary forfeitures, the grant of
"short" (less than the full eight-year) renewal terms or, for particularly
egregious violations, the denial of a license renewal application or the
revocation of a license.
LOCAL MARKETING AGREEMENTS. As is common in the industry, we have entered
into what have commonly been referred to as Local Marketing Agreements, or
"LMA's". While these agreements may take varying forms, under a typical LMA,
separately owned and licensed radio or television stations agree to enter into
cooperative arrangements of varying sorts, subject to compliance with the
requirements of antitrust laws and with the FCC's rules and policies. Under
these types of arrangements, separately-owned stations agree to function
cooperatively in terms of programming, advertising sales, and other matters,
subject to the licensee of each station maintaining independent control over the
programming and station operations of its own station. One typical type of LMA
is a programming agreement between two separately-owned radio or television
stations serving a common service area, whereby the licensee of one station
purchases substantial portions of the broadcast day on the other licensee's
station, subject to ultimate editorial and other controls being exercised by the
latter licensee, and sells advertising time during such program segments. Such
arrangements are an extension of the concept of time brokerage agreements, under
which a licensee of a station sells blocks of time on its station to an entity
or entities which purchase the blocks of time and which sell their own
commercial advertising announcements during the time periods in question.
-15-
In the past, the FCC has determined that issues of joint advertising sales
should be left to antitrust enforcement. Furthermore, the staff of the FCC's
Mass Media Bureau has held that such agreements are not contrary to the
Communications Act provided that the licensee of the station from which time is
being purchased by another entity maintains complete responsibility for and
control over operations of its station and assures compliance with applicable
FCC rules and policies. The FCC adopted rules that permit, under certain
circumstances, the ownership of two or more television stations in a Qualifying
Market and requires the termination of certain non-complying existing television
LMA's. We currently have a television LMA in the Victoria, Texas, market. Even
though the Victoria market is not a Qualifying Market such that the duopoly
would otherwise be permissible, we believe that the LMA is "grandfathered" under
the FCC's rules and need not be terminated earlier than 2004. See "Ownership
Matters" above.
The FCC's rules provide that a station purchasing (brokering) time on
another station serving the same market will be considered to have an
attributable ownership interest in the brokered station for purposes of the
FCC's multiple ownership rules. As a result, under the rules, a broadcast
station will not be permitted to enter into a time brokerage agreement giving it
the right to purchase more than 15% of the broadcast time, on a weekly basis, of
another local station that it could not own under the local ownership rules of
the FCC's multiple ownership rules. The FCC's rules also prohibit a broadcast
licensee from simulcasting more than 25% of its programming on another station
in the same broadcast service (i.e., AM-AM or FM-FM) whether it owns the
stations or through a time brokerage or LMA arrangement, where the brokered and
brokering stations serve substantially the same geographic area.
OTHER FCC REQUIREMENTS
The FCC adopted methodology that will be used to send program ratings
information to consumer TV receivers (implementation of "V-Chip" legislation
contained in the Communications Act). The FCC also adopted the TV Parental
Guidelines, developed by the Industry Ratings Implementation Group, which apply
to all broadcast television programming except for news and sports. As a part of
the legislation, television station licensees are required to attach as an
exhibit to their applications for license renewal a summary of written comments
and suggestions received from the public and maintained by the licensee that
comment on the licensee's programming characterized as violent.
-16-
The FCC's rules provide for the conversion by all U.S. television
broadcasters to digital television ("DTV"), including build-out construction
schedules, NTSC (current system) and DTV channel simulcasting, and the return of
analog (NTSC) channels to the government by 2006. The FCC has attempted to
provide DTV coverage areas that are comparable to the NTSC service areas. DTV
licensees may use their DTV channels for a multiplicity of services such as
high-definition television broadcasts, multiple standard definition television
broadcasts, data, audio, and other services so long as the licensee provides at
least one free video channel equal in quality to the current NTSC technical
standard. As a general principal, our television stations are required to
convert their operations to DTV by May 1, 2002, and to cease broadcasting on the
NTSC channels by December 31, 2006, and return the NTSC channels to the
government. On November 15, 2001, the FCC released a Memorandum Opinion and
Order on Reconsideration that temporarily deferred its earlier requirement that
commercial broadcasters replicate their entire current grade B NTSC analog
service area with their DTV signal by December 31, 2004, or lose interference
protection to the unreplicated areas. As a result of this decision licensees can
now construct and operate facilities that offer DTV services to serve at least
their communities of license while retaining interference protection to their
allotted service areas. The FCC temporarily deferred it requirement that
stations granted construction permits for maximized facilities construct such
facilities by May 1, 2002, in order to retain interference protection. The FCC
temporarily deferred its requirement that commercial stations with both analog
and DTV channel assignments elect by December 31, 2003, which channel they will
use for their post-transition DTV channel. The FCC said it would in the future
set new dates (no later than December 31, 2006 or the date by which 85% of the
television households in a licensee's market are capable of receiving DTV
signals, whichever is later) for replication, maximization and channel election.
Starting on April 1, 2003, a DTV station must provide a DTV signal at least 50%
of the time it transmits an analog signal; on April 1, 2004, 75%; and on April
1, 2005, 100%. Commercial DTV stations must meet increased city-grade signal
strength requirements by December 31, 2004.
Under the Balanced Budget Act, the FCC is authorized to extend the
December 31, 2006, deadline if (1) one or more television stations affiliated
with ABC, CBS, NBC, or Fox in a market are not broadcasting in DTV and the FCC
determines that such stations have "exercised due diligence" in attempting to
convert to DTV; or (2) less than 85% of the television households in the
station's market subscribe to a multichannel video service that carries at least
one DTV channel from each of the local stations in that market and less than 85%
of the television households in the market can receive DTV signals off the air
using either set-top converters for NTSC broadcasts or a new DTV set. KOAM-TV
will convert its NTSC operations on Channel 7 to DTV Channel 13. KAVU-TV will
convert its NTSC operations on Channel 25 to DTV Channel 15. WXVT will convert
its NTSC operations on Channel 15 to DTV Channel 17. Brokered Station KVCT has
sought FCC approval to convert its NTSC operations on Channel 19 to DTV Channel
11. On January 22, 2001, the FCC adopted rules on how the law requiring the
carriage of television signals on local cable television systems should apply to
DTV signals. The FCC decided that a DTV-only station can immediately assert its
right to carriage on a local cable television system; however, the FCC decided
that a television station may not assert a right to carriage of both its analog
and DTV channels. The FCC requested further information from the public on this
issue. On November 19, 1998 the FCC decided to charge television licensees a fee
of 5% of gross revenue derived from the offering of ancillary or supplementary
services on DTV spectrum for which a subscription fee is charged.
-17-
LOW POWER AND CLASS A TELEVISION STATIONS. In the Community Broadcasters
Protection Act of 1999, Congress authorized the FCC to create a new class of
commercial television station. Currently, the service areas of low power
television ("LPTV") stations are not protected. LPTV stations can be required to
terminate their operations if they cause interference to full power stations.
LPTV stations meeting certain criteria were permitted to certify to the FCC
their eligibility to be reclassified as "Class A Television Stations" whose
signal contours would be protected against interference from other stations.
Stations deemed "Class A Stations" by the FCC would thus be protected from
interference. We own three operating LPTV stations, KUNU-LP, KVTX-LP, and
KXTS-LP, Victoria, Texas. None of the stations qualifies under the FCC's
established criteria for Class A Status.
The Cable Television Consumer Protection and Competition Act of 1992,
among other matters, requires cable television system operators to carry the
signals of local commercial and non-commercial television stations and certain
low power television stations. Cable television operators and other
multi-channel video programming distributors may not carry broadcast signals
without, in certain circumstances, obtaining the transmitting station's consent.
A local television broadcaster must make a choice every three years whether to
proceed under the "must-carry" rules or waive the right to
mandatory-uncompensated coverage and negotiate a grant of retransmission consent
in exchange for consideration from the cable system operator. As noted above,
such must-carry rights will extend to the new DTV signal to be broadcast by our
stations, but will not extend simultaneously to the analog signal.
LOW POWER FM RADIO. The FCC has created a new "low power radio service"
("LPFM"). The FCC will authorize the construction and operation of two new
classes of noncommercial educational FM stations, LP100 (up to 100 watts
effective radiated power ("ERP") with antenna height above average terrain
("HAAT") at up to 30 meters (100 feet) which is calculated to produce a service
area radius of approximately 3.5 miles, and LP10 (up to 10 watts ERP and up to
30 meters HAAT) with a service area radius of approximately 1 to 2 miles. The
FCC will not permit any broadcaster or other media entity subject to the FCC's
ownership rules to control or hold an attributable interest in an LPFM station
or enter into related operating agreements with an LPFM licensee. Thus, absent a
waiver, we could not own or program an LPFM station. LPFM stations will be
allocated throughout the FM broadcast band, i.e., 88 to 108 MHz, although they
must operate with a noncommercial format. The FCC has established allocation
rules that require FM stations to be separated by specified distances to other
stations on the same frequency, and stations on frequencies on the first, second
and third channels adjacent to the center frequency. The FCC has begun granting
construction permits for LPFM stations. We cannot predict what, if any, adverse
effect future LPFM stations may have on our FM stations.
DIGITAL AUDIO RADIO SATELLITE SERVICE. The FCC has adopted rules for the
Digital Audio Radio Satellite Service ("DARS") in the 2310-2360 MHz frequency
band. In adopting the rules, the FCC stated, "although healthy satellite DARS
systems are likely to have some adverse impact on terrestrial radio audience
size, revenues and profits, the record does not demonstrate that licensing
satellite DARS would have such a strong adverse impact that it threatens the
provision of local service." The FCC has granted two nationwide licenses, one to
XM Satellite Radio which began broadcasting in May 2001, and a second to Sirius
Satellite Radio. The satellite radio systems provide multiple channels of audio
programming in exchange for the payment of a subscription fee. Because the DARS
service is in its infant stage, we cannot predict whether, or the extent to
which, it will have an adverse impact on our business.
-18-
SATELLITE CARRIAGE OF LOCAL TV STATIONS. The Satellite Home Viewer
Improvement Act ("SHVIA"), a copyright law, prevents direct-to-home satellite
television carriers from retransmitting broadcast network television signals to
consumers unless those consumers (1) are "unserved" by the over-the-air signals
of their local network affiliate stations, and (2) have not received cable
service in the last 90 days. According to the SHVIA, "unserved" means that a
consumer cannot receive, using a conventional outdoor rooftop antenna, a
television signal that is strong enough to provide an adequate television
picture. In December 2001 the U. S. Court of Appeals for the District of
Columbia upheld the FCC's rules for satellite carriage of local television
stations which require satellite carriers to carry upon request all local TV
broadcast stations in local markets in which the satellite carriers carry at
least one TV broadcast station, also known as the "carry one, carry all" rule.
PROPOSED CHANGES. The FCC has under consideration, and may in the future
consider and adopt, new laws, regulations and policies regarding a wide variety
of matters that could, directly or indirectly, affect us and the operation and
ownership of our broadcast properties. New application processing rules adopted
by the FCC might require us to apply for facilities modifications to our
standard broadcast stations in future "window" periods for filing applications
or result in the stations being "locked in" with their present facilities. The
Balanced Budget Act of 1997 authorizes the FCC to use auctions for the
allocation of radio broadcast spectrum frequencies for commercial use. The
implementation of this law could require us to bid for the use of certain
frequencies. Proposals are pending in Congress to repeal the FCC's ban
restricting broadcasters from owning newspapers in the same market. On September
13, 2001, the FCC initiated a proceeding to review its rule barring common
ownership of a broadcast station and daily newspaper in the same market, and to
consider whether or to what extent the rule should be revised.
On November 1, 1999, the FCC released a Notice of Proposed Rule Making
that is the initial step in its plan to authorize digital audio broadcasting
systems ("DAB"). On December 3, 2001, the National Radio Systems Committee
(NRSC) submitted a report entitled Evaluation of the iBiquity Digital
Corporation (iBiquity) IBOC [In-Band-On-Channel] System, Part I - FM IBOC. This
is the only terrestrial DAB system currently under consideration by the
Commission. On December 6, 2001, iBiquity submitted its FM IBOC test results to
the FCC. The FCC has sought comment on the NRSC report, conclusions, and
recommendations concerning the iBiquity System. We cannot predict when the FCC
will act or whether it will adopt the iBiquity system, or its impact on the
operations of our stations. Presumably, our stations would be required to
purchase and install new equipment so that the stations could transmit digital
signals in addition to their current analog signals.
The FCC on January 13, 1999 released a study and conducted a forum on the
impact of advertising practices on minority-owned and minority-formatted
broadcast stations. The study provided evidence that advertisers often exclude
radio stations serving minority audiences from ad placements and pay them less
than other stations when they are included. On February 22, 1999, a "summit" was
held at the FCC's headquarters to continue this initiative where participants
considered the advertising study's recommendations to adopt a Code of Conduct to
oppose unfair ad placement and payment, to encourage diversity in hiring and
training and to enforce laws against unfair business practices. We cannot
predict at this time whether the FCC will adopt new rules that would require the
placement of part of an advertiser's budget on minority-owned and
minority-formatted broadcast stations, and if so, whether such rules would have
an adverse impact on us.
-19-
Congress, the courts and the FCC have recently taken actions that may lead
to the provision of video services by telephone companies. The 1996
Telecommunications Act has lifted previous restrictions on a local telephone
company providing video programming directly to customers within the telephone
company's service areas. The law now permits a telephone company to distribute
video services either under the rules applicable to cable television systems or
as operators of so-called "wireless cable" systems as common carriers or under
new FCC rules regulating "open video systems" subject to common carrier
regulations. We cannot predict what effect these services may have on us.
Likewise, we cannot predict what other changes might be considered in the
future, nor can we judge in advance what impact, if any, such changes might have
on our business.
In 2001, repeating a similar 1998 decision, the U. S. Court of Appeals for
the D. C. Circuit invalidated on constitutional grounds a portion of the FCC's
revised Equal Employment Opportunity ("EEO") regulations. In light of the
Court's action, the FCC suspended the requirement that licensees comply with its
EEO rules. In response to the decision, in December 2001, the FCC proposed new
EEO rules that would require broadcast licensees and cable entities, including
multichannel video programming distributors, to recruit for every full-time
vacancy in a manner designed to achieve broad outreach. The proposed rules would
require the implementation of two supplemental measures: (1) sending job vacancy
announcements to recruitment organizations that request them; and (2) selecting
from a menu of non-vacancy specific outreach approaches, such as job fairs,
internship programs and interaction with educational and community groups. All
broadcasters would be required to file annual employment reports. We cannot
predict whether the new rules will be adopted, the form they may take, or if new
rules are adopted, the impact of the rules on us.
-20-
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Our current executive officers are:
Name Age Position
---- --- --------
Edward K. Christian 57 President, Chief Executive Officer
and Chairman; Director
Steven J. Goldstein 45 Executive Vice President and
Group Program Director
Warren Lada 47 Senior Vice President, Operations
Samuel D. Bush 44 Vice President, Chief Financial
Officer and Treasurer
Marcia K. Lobaito 53 Vice President,
Corporate Secretary, and
Director of Business Affairs
Catherine A. Bobinski 42 Vice President, Chief Accounting
Officer and Corporate Controller
Officers are elected annually by our Board of Directors and serve at the
discretion of the Board. Set forth below is information with respect to our
executive officers.
MR. CHRISTIAN has been President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
since our inception in 1986.
MR. GOLDSTEIN has been Executive Vice President and Group Program Director
since 1988. Mr. Goldstein has been employed by us since our inception in 1986.
MR. LADA has been Senior Vice President, Operations since 2000. He was
Vice President, Operations from 1997 to 2000. From 1992 to 1997 he was Regional
Vice President of our subsidiary, Saga Communications of New England, Inc.
MR. BUSH has been Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
since September 1997. From 1988 to 1997 he held various positions with the Media
Finance Group at AT&T Capital Corporation, most recently as Senior Vice
President.
MS. LOBAITO has been Vice President since 1996, and Director of Business
Affairs and Corporate Secretary since our inception in 1986.
MS. BOBINSKI has been Vice President since March 1999 and Chief Accounting
Officer and Corporate Controller since September 1991. Ms. Bobinski is a
certified public accountant.
-21-
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our corporate headquarters is located in Grosse Pointe Farms, Michigan.
The types of properties required to support each of our stations include
offices, studios, transmitter sites and antenna sites. A station's studios are
generally housed with its offices in downtown or business districts. The
transmitter sites and antenna sites are generally located so as to provide
maximum market coverage.
As of December 31, 2001 the studios and offices of 17 of our 21 operating
locations, as well as our corporate headquarters in Michigan, are located in
facilities we own. The remaining studios and offices are located in leased
facilities with lease terms that expire in one to 10 years. We own or lease our
transmitter and antenna sites, with lease terms that expire in one to 87 years.
We do not anticipate any difficulties in renewing those leases that expire
within the next five years or in leasing other space, if required.
No one property is material to our overall operations. We believe that our
properties are in good condition and suitable for our operations.
We own substantially all of the equipment used in our broadcasting
business.
Our bank indebtedness is secured by a first priority lien on all of our
assets and those of our subsidiaries.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
There are no material legal proceedings pending against us.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Not applicable.
-22-
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Our Class A Common Stock trades on the American Stock Exchange. There is
no public trading market for our Class B Common Stock. The following table sets
forth the high and low sales prices of the Class A Common Stock as reported by
Tradeline for the calendar quarters indicated:
Year High Low
---------------------- ------ ------
2000:
First Quarter $25.00 $16.50
Second Quarter $22.81 $17.75
Third Quarter $25.00 $13.88
Fourth Quarter $17.25 $12.75
2001:
First Quarter $20.35 $13.75
Second Quarter $23.74 $15.00
Third Quarter $23.74 $15.90
Fourth Quarter $21.95 $15.80
As of March 15, 2002, there were approximately 135 holders of record of
our Class A Common Stock, and one holder of our Class B Common Stock.
We have not paid any cash dividends on our Common Stock during the three
most recent fiscal years. We intend to retain future earnings for use in our
business and do not anticipate paying any dividends on our Common Stock in the
foreseeable future. We are prohibited by the terms of our bank loan agreement
from paying dividends on our Common Stock without the banks' prior consent. See
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Position and Results
of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources.
-23-
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Years Ended December 31,
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
2001(1)(2) 2000(1)(3) 1999(1)(4) 1998(1)(5) 1997(1)(6)
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
(In thousands except per share amounts)
OPERATING DATA:
Net Operating Revenue $103,956 $101,746 $90,020 $75,871 $66,258
Station Operating Expense (excluding
depreciation, amortization, corporate
general and administrative) 66,640 62,487 56,552 48,544 43,796
--------- -------- ------- ------- -------
Station Operating Income (excluding
depreciation, amortization, corporate
general and administrative) 37,316 39,259 33,468 27,327 22,462
Depreciation and Amortization 10,110 9,019 8,022 6,420 5,872
Corporate General and Administrative 5,421 5,101 5,095 4,497 3,953
--------- -------- ------- ------- -------
Operating Profit 21,785 25,139 20,351 16,410 12,637
Interest Expense 7,037 6,793 5,988 4,609 4,769
Net Income $ 8,565 $ 8,650 $ 8,552 $ 6,351 $ 4,492
Basic Earnings Per Share $ .52 $ .53 $ .52 $ .40 $ .28
Cash Dividends Declared Per Common
Share -- -- -- -- --
Weighted Average Common Shares 16,378 16,434 16,315 15,896 15,796
Diluted Earnings Per Share $ .51 $ .52 $ .51 $ .39 $ .28
Weighted Average Common Shares and
Common Equivalents 16,710 16,792 16,665 16,238 16,110
OTHER DATA:
After-Tax Cash Flow (7) $ 21,000 $ 21,515 $17,585 $14,328 $11,083
After-Tax Cash Flow Per Share-Basic $ 1.28 $ 1.31 $ 1.08 $ .90 $ .70
After-Tax Cash Flow Per Share-Diluted $ 1.26 $ 1.28 $ 1.06 $ .88 $ .69
-24-
December 31,
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
2001(1)(2) 2000(1)(3) 1999(1)(4) 1998(1)(5) 1997(1)(6)
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
(In thousands)
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Working Capital $ 24,083 $ 20,793 $22,756 $15,255 $ 1,587
Net Fixed Assets 55,169 47,672 44,455 35,564 34,028
Net Intangible and Other Assets 112,033 100,390 84,901 70,505 60,886
Total Assets 202,721 179,424 162,496 130,013 112,433
Long-term Debt Including Current Portion 105,501 94,641 85,774 70,906 61,605
Equity 75,062 65,618 59,102 44,723 38,255
- ----------
(1) All periods presented include the weighted average shares and common
equivalents related to certain stock options. In each of December 1999,
June 1998, and April 1997 we consummated five-for-four splits of our Class
A and Class B Common Stock. All share and per share information has been
restated to reflect the retroactive equivalent changes in the weighted
average shares.
(2) Reflects the results of WCVQ, WVVR, WZZP, WDXN and WJMR, acquired in
February 2001; WHAI and WHMQ, acquired in April 2001; and KMIT and KUQL,
acquired in July 2001.
(3) Reflects the results of KICD AM/FM and KLLT, acquired in January 2000;
WKIO, acquired in July 2000; and WHMP and WLZX, acquired in August 2000.
(4) Reflects the results of KAFE and KPUG, acquired in January 1999; Michigan
Farm Radio Network, acquired in January 1999; KAVU and KUNU, acquired in
April 1999 and the results of a local marketing agreement for KVCT which
began in April 1999; KBAI, acquired in May 1999; WXVT, acquired in July
1999.
(5) Reflects the results of Michigan Radio Network, acquired in March 1998;
and KGMI and KISM, acquired in December 1998.
(6) Reflects the results of KAZR, acquired in March 1997; KLTI, acquired in
April 1997 and the results of a local marketing agreement for KLTI which
began in January 1997; WDBR, WMHX, WTAX, and WLLM, acquired in May 1997;
WFMR and WJMR, acquired in May 1997; WQLL, acquired in November 1997, and
the results of a local marketing agreement for WQLL which began in July
1997; and the Illinois Radio Network, acquired in November 1997.
(7) Defined as net income plus depreciation, amortization (excluding film
rights), other (income) expense, and deferred taxes.
-25-
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with Item 6.
Selected Financial Data and the financial statements and notes thereto of Saga
Communications, Inc. and its subsidiaries contained elsewhere herein.
GENERAL
Our financial results are dependent on a number of factors, the most
significant of which is our ability to generate advertising revenue through
rates charged to advertisers. The rates a station is able to charge are, in
large part, based on a station's ability to attract audiences in the demographic
groups targeted by its advertisers. Various factors affect the rate a station
can charge, including the general strength of the local and national economies,
population growth, ability to provide popular programming, local market
competition, relative efficiency of radio and/or broadcasting compared to other
advertising media, signal strength and government regulation and policies. For
additional information about advertising rates, see Item 1. Business -
Advertising Sales. The primary operating expenses involved in owning and
operating radio stations are employee salaries, depreciation and amortization,
programming expenses, solicitation of advertising, and promotion expenses. In
addition to these expenses, owning and operating television stations involve the
cost of acquiring certain syndicated programming.
During the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, none of our
operating locations represented more than 15% of our station operating income
(i.e., net operating revenue less station operating expense), other than the
Columbus, Ohio and Milwaukee, Wisconsin stations. For the years ended December
31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, Columbus accounted for an aggregate of 15%, 16% and
15%, respectively, and Milwaukee accounted for an aggregate of 23%, 22%, and
22%, respectively, of our station operating income. While radio revenues in each
of the Columbus and Milwaukee markets have remained relatively stable
historically, an adverse change in either radio market or either location's
relative market position could have a significant impact on our operating
results as a whole.
Because audience ratings in the local market are crucial to a station's
financial success, we endeavor to develop strong listener/viewer loyalty. We
believe that the diversification of formats on our radio stations helps insulate
us from the effects of changes in musical tastes of the public on any particular
format.
The number of advertisements that can be broadcast without jeopardizing
listening/viewing levels (and the resulting ratings) is limited in part by the
format of a particular radio station and, in the case of television stations, by
restrictions imposed by the terms of certain network affiliation and syndication
agreements and, with respect to children's programs, federal regulation. Our
stations strive to maximize revenue by constantly managing the number of
commercials available for sale and adjusting prices based upon local market
conditions. While there may be shifts from time to time in the number of
advertisements broadcast during a particular time of the day, the total number
of advertisements broadcast on a particular station generally does not vary
significantly from year to year. Any change in our revenue, with the exception
of those instances where stations are acquired or sold, is generally the result
of pricing adjustments, which are made to ensure that the station efficiently
utilizes available inventory.
-26-
In the broadcasting industry, stations often utilize trade (or barter)
agreements to generate advertising time sales in exchange for goods or services
used or useful in the operation of the stations, instead of for cash. We
minimize our use of trade agreements and historically have sold over 95% of our
advertising time for cash.
Most advertising contracts are short-term and generally run only for a few
weeks. Most of our revenue is generated from local advertising, which is sold
primarily by each station's sales staff. In 2001, approximately 81% of our gross
revenue was from local advertising. To generate national advertising sales, we
engage an independent advertising sales representative that specializes in
national sales for each of our stations.
Our revenue varies throughout the year. Advertising expenditures, our
primary source of revenue, generally have been lowest during the winter months
comprising the first quarter.
The following tables summarize our results of operations for the three
years ended December 31, 2001. The as-reported amounts reflect our historical
financial results and include the results of operations for stations that we did
not own for the entire comparable period. The same station amounts reflect the
results of operations for stations that we owned for the entire comparable
period.
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands of dollars)
2001 vs. 2000 2000 vs. 1999
-------------------------------------------------
As- Same As- Same
Years Ended December 31, Reported Station Reported Station
------------------------------------- % Increase % Increase % Increase % Increase
2001 2000 1999 (Decrease) (Decrease) (Decrease) (Decrease)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net operating revenue $ 103,956 $101,746 $90,020 2.17% (3.22%) 13.03% 6.79%
Station operating
expense * 66,640 62,487 56,552 6.65% (1.57%) 10.49% 2.78%
--------- -------- -------
Station operating
income 37,316 39,259 33,468 (4.95%) (5.79%) 17.30% 13.45%
Corporate G&A 5,421 5,101 5,095 6.27% N/A .12% N/A
Depreciation and
amortization 10,110 9,019 8,022 12.10% (1.48%) 12.43% 1.13%
--------- -------- -------
Operating profit 21,785 25,139 20,351 (13.34%) (9.72%) 23.53% 16.81%
Interest expense 7,037 6,793 5,988 3.59% 13.44%
Other (income) expense (17) 2,104 269 N/A N/A
Income taxes 6,200 7,592 5,542 (18.34%) 36.99%
--------- -------- -------
Net income $ 8,565 $ 8,650 $ 8,552 (.98%) 1.15%
========= ======== =======
* Programming, technical, selling and station general and administrative
expenses
-27-
RADIO BROADCASTING SEGMENT
(In thousands of dollars)
2001 vs. 2000 2000 vs. 1999
-------------------------------------------------
As- Same As- Same
Years Ended December 31, Reported Station Reported Station
------------------------------------- % Increase % Increase % Increase % Increase
2001 2000 1999 (Decrease) (Decrease) (Decrease) (Decrease)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net operating revenue $ 93,094 $ 89,127 $80,167 4.45% (1.67%) 11.18% 6.78%
Station operating
expense * 58,317 53,886 49,823 8.22% (1.30%) 8.16% 3.19%
--------- -------- -------
Station operating
income 34,777 35,241 30,344 (1.32%) (2.23%) 16.14% 13.19%
Corporate G&A -- -- -- N/A N/A N/A N/A
Depreciation and
amortization 7,541 6,680 6,056 12.89% (5.60%) 10.30% .96%
--------- -------- -------
Operating profit $ 27,236 $ 28,561 $24,288 (4.64%) (1.48%) 17.59% 16.24%
========= ======== =======
TELEVISION BROADCASTING SEGMENT
(In thousands of dollars)
2001 vs. 2000 2000 vs. 1999
-------------------------------------------------
As- Same As- Same
Years Ended December 31, Reported Station Reported Station
------------------------------------- % Increase % Increase % Increase % Increase
2001 2000 1999 (Decrease) (Decrease) (Decrease) (Decrease)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net operating revenue $ 10,862 $ 12,619 $ 9,853 (13.92%) (13.92%) 28.07% 4.27%
Station operating
expense * 8,323 8,601 6,729 (3.23%) (3.23%) 27.82% (2.58%)
--------- -------- -------
Station operating
income 2,539 4,018 3,124 (36.81%) (36.81%) 28.62% 17.51%
Corporate G&A -- -- -- N/A N/A N/A N/A
Depreciation and
amortization 2,021 1,963 1,525 2.95% 2.95% 28.72% 2.34%
--------- -------- -------
Operating profit $ 518 $ 2,055 $ 1,599 (74.79%) (74.79%) 28.52% 29.19%
========= ======== =======
-28-
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2000
For the year ended December 31, 2001, net operating revenue was
$103,956,000 compared with $101,746,000 for the year ended December 31, 2000, an
increase of $2,210,000 or 2%. Stations that we did not own or operate for the
entire comparable period in 2000 generated an increase in our revenue of
approximately $5,436,000. Net operating revenue generated by stations that we
owned and operated for the entire comparable period ("same station") decreased
by approximately 3% ($3,226,000). The decrease in same station revenue was
primarily the result of a combination of a general slowdown in the advertising
sector coupled with the effects of the tragic events of September 11, 2001,
which not only curtailed radio and television advertising for the days following
the terrorist attacks, but also had a significant negative effect on the fourth
quarter 2001 advertising sales.
Station operating expense (i.e., programming, technical, selling, and
station general and administrative expenses) increased by $4,153,000 or 7% to
$66,640,000 for the year ended December 31, 2001, compared with $62,487,000 for
the year ended December 31, 2000. Stations that we did not own or operate for
the entire comparable period in 2000 generated an increase in station operating
expense of approximately $5,117,000. Station operating expense decreased by
approximately $964,000 or 2% on a same station basis, primarily due to the
decline in revenue.
Operating profit decreased by $3,354,000 or 13% to $21,785,000 for the
year ended December 31, 2001 compared to $25,139,000 for the year ended December
31, 2000. The decrease was primarily the result of the $1,943,000 decrease in
station operating income, a $1,091,000 or 12% increase in depreciation and
amortization expense and a $320,000 increase in corporate general and
administrative charges. The increase in depreciation and amortization charges
was principally the result of recent acquisitions.
We generated net income in the amount of approximately $8,565,000 ($0.51
per share on a fully diluted basis) during the year ended December 31, 2001
compared with $8,650,000 ($0.52 per share on a fully diluted basis) for the year
ended December 31, 2000, a decrease of approximately $85,000 or 1%. The decrease
was the result of the $3,354,000 decrease in operating profit and a $244,000
increase in interest expense, offset by a $2,121,000 decrease in other expense
and a $1,392,000 decrease in income tax expense. The increase in interest
expense was principally the result of additional borrowings to finance
acquisitions. Other expense in 2000 included non-recurring charges consisting of
$1,300,000 loss resulting from the sale of our equity in an investment in a
group of radio stations in Reykjavik, Iceland, a $600,000 loss related to our
equity in the operating results of that investment and a $125,000 loss on the
sale of a building in one of our markets. The decrease in income tax expense and
the effective tax rate was the result of lower pre-tax income in 2001, the
nondeductible capital loss realized in 2000 on the sale of the equity
investment, and the related equity in the operations of that investment during
the first six months of 2000.
-29-
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2000 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1999
For the year ended December 31, 2000, net operating revenue was
$101,746,000 compared with $90,020,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999, an
increase of $11,726,000 or 13%. Approximately $5,899,000 or 50% of the increase
was attributable to revenue generated by stations which we did not own or
operate for the entire comparable period in 1999. The balance of the increase in
net operating revenue of approximately $5,827,000 was attributable to stations
we owned and operated for at least two years, representing a 7% increase in
comparable station/comparable period net operating revenue. The overall increase
in comparable station/comparable period revenue was primarily the result of
increased advertising rates at a majority of our stations. Improvements were
noted in most of our markets on a comparable station/comparable period basis.
Station operating expense (i.e., programming, technical, selling, and
station general and administrative expenses) increased by $5,935,000 or 11% to
$62,487,000 for the year ended December 31, 2000, compared with $56,552,000 for
the year ended December 31, 1999. Of the total increase, approximately
$4,446,000 or 75% was the result of the impact of the operation of stations
which were not owned or operated by us for the entire comparable period in 1999.
The remaining balance of the increase in station operating expense of $1,489,000
represents a total increase in station operating expense of 3% for the year
ended December 31, 2000 compared to the year ended December 31, 1999 on a
comparable station/comparable period basis.
Operating profit for the year ended December 31, 2000 was $25,139,000
compared to $20,351,000 for the year ended December 31, 1999, an increase of
$4,788,000 or 24%. The improvement was the result of the $11,726,000 increase in
net operating revenue, offset by the $5,935,000 increase in station operating
expense and a $997,000 or 12% increase in depreciation and amortization. The
increase in depreciation and amortization charges was principally the result of
recent acquisitions.
We generated net income in the amount of approximately $8,650,000 ($0.52
per share on a fully diluted basis) during the year ended December 31, 2000
compared with $8,552,000 ($0.51 per share on a fully diluted basis) for the year
ended December 31, 1999, an increase of approximately $98,000 or 1%. The
increase was the result of the $4,788,000 improvement in operating profit,
offset by a $805,000 increase in interest expense, a $1,835,000 increase in
other expense, and a $2,050,000 increase in income tax expense. The increase in
interest expense was principally the result of additional borrowings to finance
acquisitions. The increase in other expense was principally the result of
non-recurring charges, including a $1,300,000 loss resulting from the sale of
our equity in an investment in Reykjavik, Iceland, and a $125,000 loss on the
sale of a building in one of our markets. Additionally, we had non-recurring
income of $500,000 during the year ended December 31, 1999 resulting from an
agreement to downgrade an FCC license at one of our stations. The increase in
income tax expense and the effective tax rate was directly associated with our
improved operating performance and the result of the nondeductible capital loss
realized on the sale of the equity investment, and the related equity in the
operations of that investment during the first six months of 2000.
-30-
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
As of December 31, 2001, we had $105,501,000 of long-term debt (including
the current portion thereof) outstanding and approximately $95,000,000 of unused
borrowing capacity under our Credit Agreement at December 31, 2001.
Our Credit Agreement has three financing facilities (the "Facilities"): a
$105,000,000 senior secured term loan (the "Term Loan"), a $75,000,000 senior
secured acquisition loan facility (the "Acquisition Facility"), and a
$20,000,000 senior secured revolving credit facility (the "Revolving Facility").
The Facilities mature September 30, 2008. Our indebtedness under the Facilities
is secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of our assets and of
our subsidiaries, by a pledge of our subsidiaries' stock and by a guarantee of
our subsidiaries.
As of December 31, 2001 we had $105,000,000 outstanding under the Term
Loan. The Acquisition Facility may be used for permitted acquisitions and to pay
related transaction expenses. The Revolving Facility may be used for general
corporate purposes, including working capital, capital expenditures, permitted
acquisitions (to the extent that the Acquisition Facility has been fully
utilized and limited to $10,000,000) and permitted stock buybacks. On March 28,
2003, the Acquisition Facility will convert to a five and a half year term loan.
The Term Loan is required to be reduced quarterly in amounts ranging from 3.125%
to 7.5% of the initial commitment commencing on March 31, 2003. The outstanding
amount of the Acquisition Facility is required to be reduced quarterly in
amounts ranging from 3.125% to 7.5% commencing on March 31, 2003. Any
outstanding amount under the Revolving Facility will be due on the maturity date
of September 30, 2008. In addition, the Facilities may be further reduced by
specified percentages of Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the Credit Agreement)
based on leverage ratios.
Interest rates under the Facilities are payable, at our option, at
alternatives equal to LIBOR plus 1.25% to 2.0% or the Agent bank's base rate
plus .25% to 1.0%. The spread over LIBOR and the base rate vary from time to
time, depending upon our financial leverage. We also pay quarterly commitment
fees of 0.375% to 0.625% per annum on the aggregate unused portion of the
Acquisition and Revolving Facilities.
The Credit Agreement contains a number of financial covenants which, among
other things, require us to maintain specified financial ratios and impose
certain limitations on us with respect to investments, additional indebtedness,
dividends, distributions, guarantees, liens and encumbrances.
We use interest rate swap agreements to reduce our risk of rising interest
rates. Our swap agreements are used to convert the variable Eurodollar interest
rate of a portion of our bank borrowings to a fixed interest rate.
At December 31, 2001, we had four interest rate swap agreements with the
following terms:
- Notional amount of $13,125,000. We pay 4.11% calculated on the
notional amount. We receive LIBOR (1.90375% at December 31,
2001) calculated on the notional amount of $13,125,000. This
agreement expires in March 2003.
- Notional amount of $13,125,000. We pay 4.11% calculated on the
notional amount. We receive LIBOR (1.90375% at December 31,
2001) calculated on the notional amount of $13,125,000. This
agreement expires in March 2003.
-31-
- Notional amount of $6,875,000 through March 2003, then
notional amount increases to $20,000,000. We pay 3.67%
calculated on the notional amount. We receive LIBOR (1.90375%
at December 31, 2001) calculated on the notional amount of
$13,125,000 ($20,000,000 after March 2003). This agreement
expires in September 2003.
- Notional amount of $6,875,000 through March 2003, then
notional amount increases to $20,000,000. We pay 3.67%
calculated on the notional amount. We receive LIBOR (1.90375%
at December 31, 2001) calculated on the notional amount of
$13,125,000 ($20,000,000 after March 2003). This agreement
expires in September 2003.
Net receipts or payments under the agreements are recognized as an
adjustment to interest expense. Approximately $145,000 in additional interest
expense was recognized as a result of these interest rate swap agreements for
the year ended December 31, 2001. An aggregate increase in interest expense of
approximately $145,000 has been recognized since the inception of the
agreements. The fair value of these swap agreements at December 31, 2001 was
approximately ($510,000), which has been recorded as a liability in our balance
sheet.
In September 2001, the following three swap agreements with the following
terms expired:
- Notional amount of $24,500,000. We paid 6.875% calculated on
the notional amount. We received LIBOR calculated on the
notional amount of $24,500,000.
- Notional amount of $12,250,000. We paid 5.685% calculated on
the notional amount. We received LIBOR calculated on the
notional amount of $12,250,000.
- Notional amount of $12,250,000. We paid 5.685% calculated on
the notional amount. We received LIBOR calculated on the
notional amount of $12,250,000.
Approximately $496,000 in additional interest expense was recognized as a
result of the interest rate swap agreements for the year ended December 31,
2001. An aggregate increase in interest expense of approximately $442,000 had
been recognized since the inception of the agreements.
During the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, we had net cash
flows from operating activities of $21,258,000, $21,074,000 and $16,481,000,
respectively. We believe that cash flow from operations will be sufficient to
meet quarterly debt service requirements for interest and scheduled payments of
principal under the Credit Agreement. However, if such cash flow is not
sufficient we may be required to sell additional equity securities, refinance
our obligations or dispose of one or more of our properties in order to make
such scheduled payments. There can be no assurance that we would be able to
effect any such transactions on favorable terms, if at all.
The following acquisitions in 2001 were financed through funds generated
from operations, $11,250,000 of additional borrowings under the Credit agreement
and the re-issuance of approximately $1,000,000 of our Class A Common Stock from
treasury:
- February 1, 2001: two FM and two AM radio stations (WCVQ-FM,
WZZP-FM, WDXN-AM, and WJMR-AM) serving the Clarksville, Tennessee /
Hopkinsville, Kentucky market for approximately $6,700,000.
- February 1, 2001: one FM radio station (WVVR-FM) serving the
Clarksville, Tennessee / Hopkinsville, Kentucky market for
approximately $7,000,000, including approximately $1,000,000 of the
Company's Class A common stock.
-32-
- April 1, 2001: an AM and FM radio station (WHAI-FM and WHMQ-AM)
serving the Greenfield, Massachusetts market for approximately
$2,200,000.
- July 1, 2001: two FM radio stations (KMIT-FM and KUQL-FM) serving
the Mitchell, South Dakota market for approximately $4,050,000.
The following acquisitions in 2000 were financed through funds generated
from operations and additional borrowings of $13,500,000 under the existing
Credit Agreement:
- January 1, 2000: two FM and one AM radio station (KICD-AM/FM and
KLLT-FM) serving the Spencer, Iowa market for approximately
$6,400,000.
- July 17, 2000: an FM radio station (WKIO-FM) serving the
Champaign-Urbana, Illinois market for approximately $6,800,000.
- August 30, 2000: an AM and FM radio station (WHMP-AM and WLZX-FM)
serving the Northampton, Massachusetts market for approximately
$12,000,000.
In addition, in February 2002 we entered into an agreement to acquire an
AM and FM radio station (WKNE-AM/FM) serving the Keene, New Hampshire market,
and an AM and FM radio station (WKVT-AM/FM) serving the Brattleboro, Vermont
market for approximately $9,075,000. This acquisition is subject to the approval
of the Federal Communications Commission and is expected to close during the
second quarter of 2002.
We continue to actively seek and explore opportunities for expansion
through the acquisition of additional broadcast properties. See Item 1. Business
- - Strategy.
In September 2000, we modified our Stock Buy-Back Program so that we may
purchase up to $6,000,000 of our Class A Common Stock. From the inception of the
Stock Buy-Back program in 1998 through December 31, 2001 we have repurchased
326,627 shares of our Class A Common Stock for approximately $4,814,000.
We anticipate that any future acquisitions of radio and television
stations and purchases of Class A Common Stock under the Stock Buy-Back Program
will be financed through funds generated from operations, borrowings under the
Credit Agreement, additional debt or equity financing, or a combination thereof.
However, there can be no assurances that any such financing will be available.
Our capital expenditures, exclusive of acquisitions, for the year ended
December 31, 2001 were approximately $8,479,000 ($5,401,000 in 2000). We
anticipate capital expenditures in 2002 to be approximately $4,500,000, which we
expect to finance through funds generated from operations or additional
borrowings under the Credit Agreement.
-33-
SUMMARY DISCLOSURES ABOUT CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMERCIAL COMMITMENTS
We have future cash obligations under various types of contracts under the
terms of our Credit Agreement, operating leases, programming contracts,
employment agreements, and other operating contracts. The following tables
reflect a summary of our contractual cash obligations and other commercial
commitments as of December 31, 2001:
PAYMENTS DUE BY PERIOD
(IN THOUSANDS)
------------------------------------------------------------
CONTRACTUAL CASH APPLICABLE
OBLIGATIONS AND OTHER NOTE(S) TO
COMMERCIAL FINANCIAL LESS THAN 1 1 TO 3 4 TO 5 AFTER 5
COMMITMENTS: STATEMENTS TOTAL YEAR YEARS YEARS YEARS
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Long Term Debt 4 $105,501 $ 275 $26,476 $34,125 $44,625
Operating Leases 14 4,582 1,424 1,480 471 1,207
Acquisition Commitments 16 9,075 9,075 -- -- --
TV Syndicated
Programming 14 533 210 250 73 --
Employment Agreements 12,16 17,588 5,483 5,512 2,859 3,734
Other Operating
Contracts 12 7,062 3,016 3,066 955 25
------------------------------------------------------------
Total Contractual Cash
Obligations $144,341 $19,483 $36,784 $38,483 $49,591
============================================================
We anticipate that the above contractual cash obligations will be financed
through funds generated from operations or additional borrowings under the
Credit Agreement, or a combination thereof.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, which
require us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of certain assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related
disclosures and contingencies. We evaluate estimates used in preparation of our
financial statements on a continual basis, including estimates related to the
following:
CARRYING VALUE OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND RELATED ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL
ACCOUNTS: We evaluate the collectibility of our accounts receivable based on a
combination of factors. In circumstances where we are aware of a specific
customer's inability to meet its financial obligations to us (e.g., bankruptcy
filings, credit history, etc.) we record a specific reserve for bad debts
against amounts due to reduce the net recognized receivable to the amount we
reasonably believe will be collected. For all other customers, we recognize
reserves for bad debts based on past loss history and the length of time the
receivables are past due ranging from 50% for amounts 90 days outstanding to
100% for amounts over 120 days outstanding. If our evaluations of the
collectibility of our accounts receivable differ from actual results, additional
bad debt expense and allowances may be required.
-34-
INTANGIBLE ASSETS: We have significant intangible assets recorded in our
balance sheet. We determine the recoverability of the cost of our intangible
assets based on a review of projected undiscounted cash flows of the related
station. Our estimates of undiscounted cash flows may differ form actual cash
flow due to various factors, including adverse trends in listenership or
viewership on our stations, industry trends, and competitive pressure. These
factors could result in an impairment of intangible assets in the future. See
Recent Accounting Pronouncements reflected later in this section.
DERIVATIVES: We hold derivative financial instruments to hedge the risk of
rising interest rates associated with our long-term debt. These derivatives
qualify for hedge accounting as discussed in detail in Notes 1 and 5 to our
consolidated financial statements. We do not participate in speculative
derivatives trading. Hedge accounting results when we designate and document the
hedging relationships involving these derivative instruments. While we intend to
continue to meet the conditions for hedge accounting, if hedges did not qualify
as highly effective, the changes in the fair value of the derivatives used as
hedges would be reflected in our earnings. See Recent Accounting Pronouncements
reflected later in this section.
We do not believe we are exposed to more than a nominal amount of credit
risk in our interest rate hedges as the counter-parties are established,
well-capitalized financial institutions. In addition, we generally enter into
master netting agreements to minimize those risks.
EMPLOYEE HEALTHCARE RESERVES: We maintain a self-insured health insurance
program for major medical and hospitalization coverage for our full time
employees and their dependents, which is partially funded by payroll deductions.
Payments for major medical and hospitalization to individual participants below
specified amounts (currently, $75,000 per individual per year and $1,000,000 per
individual for a lifetime maximum) are self-insured by us. We base our estimate
of ultimate liability on trends in claim payment history, historical trends in
incurred but not reported incidents and developments in other cost components
(such as rising medical costs, projected premium costs, number of participants,
etc.). Our liability with respect to employee healthcare reserves is monitored
on a regular basis and adjusted accordingly.
LITIGATION AND CONTINGENCIES: We monitor ongoing litigation and other loss
contingencies on a case-by-case basis as they arise. Losses related to
litigation and other contingencies are recognized when the loss is considered
probable and the amount is estimable.
MARKET RISK AND RISK MANAGEMENT POLICIES
Our earnings are affected by changes in short-term interest rates as a
result of our long-term debt arrangements. However, due to our purchase of
interest rate swap agreements, the effects of interest rate changes are limited.
If market interest rates averaged 1% more in 2001 than they did during 2001, our
interest expense, after considering the effect of our interest rate swap
agreements, would increase and income before taxes would decrease by $1,346,000
($1,284,000 in 2000). These amounts are determined by considering the impact of
the hypothetical interest rates on our borrowing cost, short-term investment
balances, and interest rate swap agreements. This analysis does not consider the
effects of the reduced level of overall economic activity that could exist in
such an environment. Further, in the event of a change of such magnitude,
management would likely take actions to further mitigate its exposure to the
change. However, due to the uncertainty of the specific actions that would be
taken and their possible effects, the sensitivity analysis assumes no changes in
our financial structure.
-35-
INFLATION
The impact of inflation on our operations has not been significant to
date. There can be no assurance that a high rate of inflation in the future
would not have an adverse effect on our operations.
OUTLOOK
The following statements are forward-looking statements and should be read
in conjunction with "Forward-Looking Statements" below.
Based on economic and market conditions as of March 4, 2002, for the
quarter ending March 31, 2002 we anticipate net revenue of approximately
$23,500,000 to $23,800,000, and station operating income of approximately
$6,400,000 to $6,900,000.
Based on economic and market conditions as of March 4, 2002, for the year
ending December 31, 2002 we anticipate a 0% to 2% increase in same station net
revenue and a 1% to 3% increase in same station operating income.
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS; RISK FACTORS
Statements contained in this Form 10-K that are not historical facts are
forward-looking statements that are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions
of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In addition, words such
as "believes," "anticipates," "estimates," "plans", "expects," and similar
expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These
statements are made as of the date of this report or as otherwise indicated,
based on current expectations. We undertake no obligation to update this
information. A number of important factors could cause our actual results for
2002 and beyond to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking
statements made by or on our behalf. Forward looking statements are not
guarantees of future performance as they involve a number of risks,
uncertainties and assumptions that may prove to be incorrect and that may cause
our actual results and experiences to differ materially from the anticipated
results or other expectations expressed in such forward-looking statements. The
risks, uncertainties and assumptions that may affect our performance include our
financial leverage and debt service requirements, dependence on key personnel,
dependence on key stations, U.S. and local economic conditions, our ability to
successfully integrate acquired stations, regulatory requirements, new
technologies, natural disasters and terrorist attacks. We cannot be sure that we
will be able to anticipate or respond timely to changes in any of these factors,
which could adversely affect the operating results in one or more fiscal
quarters. Results of operations in any past period should not be considered, in
and of itself, indicative of the results to be expected for future periods.
Fluctuations in operating results may also result in fluctuations in the price
of our stock.
The more prominent risks and uncertainties inherent in our business are
described in more detail below. However, these are not the only risks and
uncertainties we face. Our business may face additional risks and uncertainties
that are unknown to us at this time.
-36-
FINANCIAL LEVERAGE AND DEBT SERVICE REQUIREMENTS
At December 31, 2001 our long-term debt (including the current portion
thereof) was approximately $105,501,000. We have borrowed and expect to continue
to borrow to finance acquisitions and for other corporate purposes. Because of
our substantial indebtedness, a significant portion of our cash flow from
operations is required for debt service. Our leverage could make us vulnerable
to an increase in interest rates or a downturn in our operating performance or a
decline in general economic conditions. Under the terms of our Credit Agreement,
the $105,000,000 commitment under the Term Loan and any indebtedness outstanding
under our $75,000,000 Acquisition Facility will be reduced on a quarterly basis
in amounts ranging from 3.125% to 7.5%, commencing on March 31, 2003. We believe
that cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet our debt service
requirements for interest and scheduled quarterly payments of principal under
the Credit Agreement. However, if such cash flow is not sufficient, we may be
required to sell additional equity securities, refinance our obligations or
dispose of one or more of our properties in order to make such scheduled
payments. We cannot be sure that we would be able to effect any such
transactions on favorable terms, if at all.
DEPENDENCE ON KEY PERSONNEL
Our business is partially dependent upon the performance of certain key
individuals, particularly Edward K. Christian, our President and the holder of
approximately 56% of the combined voting power of our Common Stock. Although we
have entered into long-term employment and non-competition agreements with Mr.
Christian and certain other key personnel, we cannot be sure that such key
personnel will remain with us. We do not maintain key man life insurance on Mr.
Christian's life.
DEPENDENCE ON KEY STATIONS
For the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999 our Columbus, Ohio
stations accounted for an aggregate of 15%, 16% and 15%, respectively, and our
Milwaukee, Wisconsin stations accounted for an aggregate of 23%, 22% and 22%,
respectively, of our station operating income. While radio revenues in each of
the Columbus and Milwaukee markets have remained relatively stable historically,
an adverse change in either radio market or either location's relative market
position could have a significant adverse impact on our operating results as a
whole.
DEPENDENCE ON LOCAL AND NATIONAL ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
Our financial results are dependent primarily on our ability to generate
advertising revenue through rates charged to advertisers. The advertising rates
a station is able to charge is affected by many factors, including the general
strength of the local and national economies. A decline in advertising rates
could have a material adverse effect on our revenue, results of operations and
financial condition.
SUCCESS OF ACQUISITIONS DEPEND ON OUR ABILITY TO INTEGRATE ACQUIRED
STATIONS
As part of our strategy, we have pursued and intend to continue to pursue
acquisitions of additional radio and television stations. The success of any
completed acquisition will depend on our ability to effectively integrate the
acquired stations. The process of integrating acquired stations may involve
numerous risks, including difficulties in the assimilation of operations, the
diversion of management's attention from other business concerns, risk of
entering new markets, and the potential loss of key employees of the acquired
stations.
-37-
REGULATORY MATTERS
The broadcasting industry is subject to extensive federal regulation
which, among other things, requires approval by the FCC of transfers,
assignments and renewals of broadcasting licenses, limits the number of
broadcasting properties that may be acquired within a specific market, and
regulates programming and operations. Failure to comply with these regulations
could, under certain circumstances, result in the denial or revocation of FCC
licenses, shortened license renewal terms, monetary fines or other penalties
which would adversely affect our profitability. Changes in ownership
requirements could limit our ability to own or acquire stations in certain
markets.
NEW TECHNOLOGIES MAY AFFECT OUR BROADCASTING OPERATIONS
The FCC is considering ways to introduce new technologies to the
broadcasting industry, including satellite and terrestrial delivery of digital
audio broadcasting and the standardization of available technologies which
significantly enhance the sound quality of AM broadcasters. We are unable to
predict the effect such technologies may have on our broadcasting operations.
The capital expenditures necessary to implement such technologies could be
substantial. We also face risks in implementing the conversion of our television
stations to digital television as required by the FCC. We will incur
considerable expense in the conversion to digital television and are unable to
predict the extent or timing of consumer demand for any such digital television
services. Moreover, the FCC may impose additional public service obligations on
television broadcasters in return for their use of the digital television
spectrum. This could add to our operational costs. One issue yet to be resolved
is the extent to which cable systems will be required to carry broadcasters' new
digital channels. Our television stations are highly dependent on their carriage
by cable systems in the areas they serve. FCC rules that impose no or limited
obligations on cable systems to carry the digital television signals of
television broadcast stations in their local markets could adversely affect our
television operations.
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statements
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 ("Statement 141"), Business
Combinations, and No. 142 ("Statement 142"), Goodwill and Other Intangible
Assets. Statement 141 eliminates the pooling-of-interests method of accounting
for business combinations and changes the criteria to recognize intangible
assets apart from goodwill. The requirements of Statement 141 are effective for
any business combination after June 30, 2001. Under Statement 142, goodwill and
intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives are no longer amortized but
will be subject to annual (or more frequent if impairment indicators arise)
impairment tests. Separable intangible assets that have finite lives will
continue to be amortized over their useful lives. The amortization provisions of
Statement 142 apply to goodwill and intangible assets acquired after June 30,
2001. With respect to goodwill and intangible assets acquired prior to July 1,
2001, the amortization provisions of Statement 142 are effective upon adoption
on January 1, 2002.
We currently record a significant amount of amortization of goodwill and
indefinite lived intangible assets as a non-cash expense. As a result, the new
Statements are expected to have a material impact on our 2002 financial
statements. Application of the non-amortization provision of Statement 142 is
expected to result in an annual decrease in amortization expense of
approximately $3,000,000, based on broadcast licenses and other intangibles
acquired prior to June 30, 2001. During 2002, the Company will also perform the
first of the required impairment tests of goodwill and indefinite lived
intangible assets as of January 1, 2002. We have not yet determined what the
effect, if any, of these tests will be on our earnings and financial position.
-38-
We adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133 ("Statement
133"), "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" on January
1, 2001. Statement 133 requires us to recognize all derivatives on the balance
sheet at fair value. Derivatives that are not hedges must be adjusted to fair
value through income. If the derivative is a hedge, depending on the nature of
the hedge, changes in fair value of derivatives will either be offset against
the change in fair value of the hedged assets, liabilities, or firm commitments
through earnings or recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged
item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative's change
in fair value will be immediately recognized in earnings. The cumulative effect
of adopting Statement 133 was immaterial to our consolidated financial
statements on January 1, 2001.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
Information appearing under the caption "Market Risk and Risk Management
Policies" in Item 7 is hereby incorporated by reference.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The financial statements attached hereto are filed as part of this annual
report.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
-39-
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
"Election of Directors" and "Compensation of Directors and Officers -
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" in our Proxy Statement
for the 2002 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on or before April 30, 2002 are hereby incorporated by
reference herein. See Item 1. Business - Executive Officers.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
"Compensation of Directors and Officers" in our Proxy Statement for the
2002 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on or before April 30, 2002 is hereby incorporated by reference
herein. Such incorporation by reference shall not be deemed to specifically
incorporate by reference the information referred to in Item 402(a)(8) of
Regulation S-K.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
"Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" in our
Proxy Statement for the 2002 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on or before April 30, 2002 is hereby
incorporated by reference herein.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
"Certain Transactions" in our Proxy Statement for the 2002 Annual Meeting
of Stockholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on or
before April 30, 2002 is hereby incorporated by reference herein. See
accompanying financial statements and related footnotes.
-40-
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) 1. Financial Statements
The financial statements attached hereto pursuant to Item 8 hereof
are filed as part of this annual report.
2. Financial Statement Schedules
Schedule II Valuation and qualifying accounts is disclosed in Note 1
to the consolidated financial statements attached hereto as filed as
part of this annual report. All other schedules for which provision
are made in the applicable accounting regulations of the Securities
and Exchange Commission are not required under the related
instructions or are inapplicable and therefore have been omitted.
3. Exhibits
Exhibit
No. Description
- ------- -----------
3(a) Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (3(a))*
3(b) By-laws, as amended (3(b))**
4(a) Plan of Reorganization (2)*
4(b) Credit Agreement dated as of March 28, 2001 between the Company and
Fleet National Bank, as Agent for the lenders and The Bank of New
York, as syndication agent (4(b))********
Executive Compensation Plans and Arrangements
10(a)(1) Employment Agreement of Edward K. Christian dated April 8, 1997 (10)
***
10(a)(2) Amendment to Employment Agreement of Edward K. Christian dated
December 8, 1998 (10 (a)(2))******
10(a)(3) Employment Agreement of Edward K. Christian dated as of April 1,
2002
10(b) Saga Communications, Inc. 1992 Stock Option, as amended (10(b))*****
10(c) Summary of Executive Insured Medical Reimbursement Plan (10(2)) *
10(d) Saga Communications, Inc. 1997 Non-Employee Director Stock Option
Plan (10)****
-41-
Other Material Agreements
10(e)(1) Promissory Note of Edward K. Christian dated December 10, 1992
(10(l)(a)) *
10(e)(2) Amendment to Promissory Note of Edward K. Christian dated December
8, 1998 10(e)(2)******
10(e)(3) Loan Agreement and Promissory Note of Edward K. Christian dated May
5, 1999 10(e)(3)*******
(21) Subsidiaries (22) *
(23) Consent of Ernst & Young LLP
* Exhibit indicated in parenthesis of the Company's Registration
Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-47238) incorporated by reference
herein.
** Exhibit indicated in parenthesis of the Company's Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 1992 incorporated by reference herein.
*** Exhibit indicated in parenthesis of the Company's Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended March 31, 1997 incorporated by reference herein.
**** Exhibit indicated in parenthesis of the Company's Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended June 30, 1997 incorporated by reference herein.
***** Exhibit indicated in parenthesis of the Company's Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 1997 incorporated by reference herein.
****** Exhibit indicated in parenthesis of the Company's Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 1998 incorporated by reference herein.
******* Exhibit indicated in parenthesis of the Company's Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 1999 incorporated by reference herein.
******** Exhibit indicated in parenthesis of the Company's Form 10-K for the
year ended December 31, 2000 incorporated by reference herein.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
None
-42-
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on March 27, 2002.
SAGA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
By: /s/ Edward K. Christian
------------------------------------
Edward K. Christian
President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant and in the capacities indicated on March 27, 2002.
Signatures
----------
/s/ Edward K. Christian President, Chief Executive
- --------------------------------- Officer, and Chairman of the Board
Edward K. Christian
/s/ Samuel D. Bush Vice President, Chief Financial
- --------------------------------- Officer and Treasurer
Samuel D. Bush
/s/ Catherine A. Bobinski Vice President, Corporate Controller and
- --------------------------------- Chief Accounting Officer
Catherine A. Bobinski
/s/ Kristin M. Allen Director
- ---------------------------------
Kristin M. Allen
/s/ Donald J. Alt Director
- ---------------------------------
Donald J. Alt
/s/ Jonathan Firestone Director
- ---------------------------------
Jonathan Firestone
/s/ Robert J. Maccini Director
- ---------------------------------
Robert J. Maccini
/s/ Joseph P. Misiewicz Director
- ---------------------------------
Joseph P. Misiewicz
/s/ Gary Stevens Director
- ---------------------------------
Gary Stevens
-43-
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Saga Communications, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Saga
Communications, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2001 and 2000, and the
related consolidated statements of income, stockholders' equity, and cash flows
for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2001. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted
in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free
of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Saga
Communications, Inc. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2001 and 2000, and the
consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 2001, in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Detroit, Michigan
February 15, 2002
except for note 16, as to which the date is
March 20, 2002
SAGA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS)
DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000
---------------------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 11,843 $ 8,670
Accounts receivable, less allowance
of $778 ($730 in 2000) 19,185 19,747
Prepaid expenses 2,811 1,531
Barter transactions 1,192 972
Deferred taxes 488 442
-------- --------
Total current assets 35,519 31,362
Net property and equipment 55,169 47,672
Other assets:
Broadcast licenses, net of accumulated
amortization of $8,005 ($5,722 in 2000) 85,919 73,256
Excess of cost over fair value of assets
acquired, net of accumulated amortization of
$9,729 ($9,009 in 2000) 19,180 19,788
Other intangibles, deferred costs and
investments, net of accumulated amortization
of $15,097 ($13,753 in 2000) 6,934 7,346
-------- --------
Total other assets 112,033 100,390
-------- --------
$202,721 $179,424
======== ========
See accompanying notes.
2
SAGA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS)
DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000
------------------------
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 944 $ 933
Accrued expenses:
Payroll and payroll taxes 4,958 4,868
Other 4,005 3,150
Barter transactions 1,254 1,228
Current portion of long-term debt 275 390
--------- ---------
Total current liabilities 11,436 10,569
Deferred income taxes 9,990 8,087
Long-term debt 105,226 94,251
Broadcast program rights 323 461
Other 684 438
Commitments and contingencies -- --
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, 1,500 shares authorized, none
issued and outstanding -- --
Common stock:
Class A common stock, $.01 par value, 35,000
shares authorized, 14,657 issued and
outstanding (14,590 in 2000) 147 146
Class B common stock, $.01 par value, 3,500
shares authorized, 1,888 issued and
outstanding 19 19
Additional paid-in capital 43,185 42,325
Note receivable from principal stockholder (171) (335)
Retained earnings 34,483 25,918
Accumulated other comprehensive income (340) --
Treasury stock (143 shares in 2001 and 161 in
2000, at cost) (2,198) (2,307)
Unearned compensation on restricted stock (63) (148)
--------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity 75,062 65,618
--------- ---------
$ 202,721 $ 179,424
========= =========
See accompanying notes.
3
SAGA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000 1999
-----------------------------------
Net operating revenue $ 103,956 $101,746 $90,020
Operating expenses:
Programming and technical 24,459 22,670 20,305
Selling 26,424 25,471 23,378
Station general and administrative 15,757 14,346 12,869
Corporate general and administrative 5,421 5,101 5,095
Depreciation 5,763 5,343 4,614
Amortization 4,347 3,676 3,408
--------- -------- -------
82,171 76,607 69,669
--------- -------- -------
Operating profit 21,785 25,139 20,351
Other (income) expenses:
Interest expense 7,037 6,793 5,988
Other (17) 2,104 269
--------- -------- -------
Income before income tax 14,765 16,242 14,094
Income tax provision:
Current 3,858 5,850 4,800
Deferred 2,342 1,742 742
--------- -------- -------
6,200 7,592 5,542
--------- -------- -------
Net income $ 8,565 $ 8,650 $ 8,552
========= ======== =======
Basic earnings per share $ .52 $ .53 $ .52
========= ======== =======
Weighted average common shares 16,378 16,434 16,315
========= ======== =======
Diluted earnings per share $ .51 $ .52 $ .51
========= ======== =======
Weighted average common and common
equivalent shares 16,710 16,792 16,665
========= ======== =======
See accompanying notes.
4
SAGA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001, 2000 AND 1999
(IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE
RECEIVABLE
FROM
CLASS A CLASS B ADDITIONAL PRINCIPAL
COMMON COMMON PAID-IN STOCK- RETAINED
STOCK STOCK CAPITAL HOLDER EARNINGS
-----------------------------------------------------------
BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 1999 $ 113 $ 15 $37,355 $ (648) $ 8,755
Comprehensive income:
Net income 8,552
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Total comprehensive income
Net proceeds from exercised options 2 2,237
Five-for-four stock split 29 4 (35)
Accrued interest (25)
Note forgiveness 187
Station acquisitions 2 2,675 (4)
Employee stock purchase plan 6
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 1999 146 19 42,273 (486) 17,268
Comprehensive income:
Net income 8,650
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Total comprehensive income
Issuance of restricted stock 30
Amortization of deferred compensation
Accrued interest (23)
Note forgiveness 174
Employee stock purchase plan 22
Purchase of shares held in treasury
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2000 146 19 42,325 (335) 25,918
Comprehensive income:
Net income 8,565
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of tax
Total comprehensive income
Net proceeds from exercised options 1 681
Station acquisitions 100
Amortization of deferred compensation
Accrued interest (10)
Note forgiveness 174
Employee stock purchase plan 79
Purchase of shares held in treasury
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2001 $ 147 $ 19 $43,185 $ (171) $34,483
======= ======= ======= ======= =======
ACCUM-
ULATED
OTHER TOTAL
COMPRE- DEFERRED STOCK-
HENSIVE TREASURY COMPEN- HOLDERS
INCOME STOCK SATION EQUITY
-----------------------------------------------
BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 1999 $ 31 $ (898) -- $ 44,723
Comprehensive income:
Net income 8,552
Foreign currency translation adjustment 2 2
--------
Total comprehensive income 8,554
Net proceeds from exercised options (354) 1,885
Five-for-four stock split (2)
Accrued interest (25)
Note forgiveness 187
Station acquisitions 1,040 3,713
Employee stock purchase plan 61 67
------- ------- ------- --------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 1999 33 (151) -- 59,102
Comprehensive income:
Net income 8,650
Foreign currency translation adjustment (33) (33)
--------
Total comprehensive income 8,617
Issuance of restricted stock 139 (169) --
Amortization of deferred compensation 21 21
Accrued interest (23)
Note forgiveness 174
Employee stock purchase plan 279 301
Purchase of shares held in treasury (2,574) (2,574)
------- ------- ------- --------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2000 -- (2,307) (148) 65,618
Comprehensive income:
Net income 8,565
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of tax (340) (340)
--------
Total comprehensive income 8,225
Net proceeds from exercised options 682
Station acquisitions 890 990
Amortization of deferred compensation 85 85
Accrued interest (10)
Note forgiveness 174
Employee stock purchase plan 206 285
Purchase of shares held in treasury (987) (987)
------- ------- ------- --------
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2001 $ (340) $(2,198) $ (63) $ 75,062
======= ======= ======= ========
See accompanying notes.
5
SAGA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS)
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000 1999
------------------------------------
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income $ 8,565 $ 8,650 $ 8,552
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 10,110 9,019 8,022
Barter revenue, net of barter expenses (288) (81) (53)
Broadcast program rights amortization 261 438 386
Deferred taxes 2,342 1,742 742
Loss (gain) on sale of assets (17) 238 (485)
Equity in loss of unconsolidated affiliate -- 600 800
Loss on sale of stock of unconsolidated
affiliate -- 1,266 --
Note forgiveness 174 174 187
Amortization of deferred compensation 85 21 --
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Increase in receivables and prepaids (388) (1,122) (2,346)
Payments for broadcast program rights (261) (434) (398)
Increase in accounts payable, accrued
expenses, and other liabilities 675 563 1,074
-------- -------- --------
Total adjustments 12,693 12,424 7,929
-------- -------- --------
Net cash provided by operating activities 21,258 21,074 16,481
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Acquisition of property and equipment (8,479) (5,401) (5,177)
Increase in other intangibles and other assets (1,795) (1,770) (2,323)
Acquisition of stations (18,358) (25,145) (20,870)
Proceeds from sale of assets 41 2,277 619
-------- -------- --------
Net cash used in investing activities (28,591) (30,039) (27,751)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from long-term debt 11,250 13,524 14,500
Payments on long-term debt (390) (4,657) (231)
Purchase of shares held in treasury (987) (2,574) --
Net proceeds from exercise of stock options 633 -- 1,681
Fractional shares - five for four stock split -- -- (2)
-------- -------- --------
Net cash provided by financing activities 10,506 6,293 15,948
-------- -------- --------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash
equivalents 3,173 (2,672) 4,678
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 8,670 11,342 6,664
-------- -------- --------
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ 11,843 $ 8,670 $ 11,342
======== ======== ========
See accompanying notes
6
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
NATURE OF BUSINESS
Saga Communications, Inc. is a broadcasting company whose business is devoted to
acquiring, developing and operating broadcast properties. As of December 31,
2001 we owned or operated fifty-seven radio stations, four television stations,
three low power television stations, two state radio networks and 1 farm radio
network, serving nineteen markets throughout the United States including
Columbus, Ohio; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and Norfolk, Virginia.
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Saga
Communications, Inc. and our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant
inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
We sold our equity investment in six FM radio stations in Iceland (the "Iceland
radio stations") in June 2000.
USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States requires us to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and
accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
RECLASSIFICATION
Certain amounts previously reported in the 2000 and 1999 financial statements
have been reclassified to conform to the 2001 presentation.
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation is provided using the
straight-line method over five to thirty-one and one-half years.
INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method. Favorable lease
agreements are amortized over the lives of the leases. The excess of cost over
fair value of identifiable assets acquired and broadcast licenses are amortized
over forty years. Other intangibles are amortized over five to forty years.
7
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
INTANGIBLE ASSETS (CONTINUED)
We periodically assess the recoverability of the cost of our intangible assets
based on a review of projected undiscounted cash flows of the related station.
If this review indicates that broadcast licenses will not be recoverable, our
carrying value of broadcast licenses would be reduced by the estimated shortfall
of discounted cash flows using an interest rate commensurate with the risk
involved. To date, no such reductions in broadcast licenses have been recorded.
BROADCAST PROGRAM RIGHTS
We record the capitalized costs of broadcast program rights when the license
period begins and the programs are available for use. Amortization of the
program rights is recorded using the straight-line method over the license
period or based on the number of showings. Amortization of broadcast program
rights is included in station operating expense. Unamortized broadcast program
rights are classified as current or non-current based on estimated usage in
future years.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Our financial instruments are comprised of cash and cash equivalents and
long-term debt. The carrying value of long-term debt approximates fair value as
it carries interest rates that either fluctuate with the euro-dollar rate, prime
or have been reset at the prevailing market rate at December 31, 2001.
At December 31, 2001, we had four interest rate swap agreements which are our
only derivatives. See note 5.
We enter into interest rate swap agreements to reduce the risk of rising
interest rates. Effective January 1, 2001, we adopted Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 133 ("Statement 133"), Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities. Statement 133 requires that all derivatives
be recognized on the balance sheet at fair value. Derivatives that are not
hedges must be adjusted to fair value through income. If the derivative is a
hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of the
derivative will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged
assets, liabilities, or firm commitments through earnings or recognized in other
comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The
ineffective portion of a derivative's change in fair value will be immediately
recognized in earnings. The adoption of Statement 133 did not have a material
impact on the accompanying financial statements as of January 1, 2001.
8
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (CONTINUED)
Prior to January 1, 2001 we also used interest rate swap agreements to reduce
the risk of rising interest rates. Each interest rate swap agreement is
designated with all or a portion of the principal balance and term of a specific
debt obligation. These agreements involve the exchange of amounts based on a
fixed interest rate for amounts based on variable interest rates over the life
of the agreement without an exchange of the notional amount upon which the
payments are based. The differential to be paid or received as interest rates
change is accrued and recognized as an adjustment of the interest expense
related to the debt (the accrual accounting method). The related amount payable
to or receivable from counterparties is included in other liabilities or assets.
The fair value of the swap agreements are recognized on the balance sheet at
fair value. Gains and losses on terminations of interest-rate swap agreements
are deferred as an adjustment to interest expense related to the debt over the
remaining term of the original contract life of the terminated swap agreement.
In the event of the early extinguishment of a designated debt obligation, any
realized or unrealized gain or loss from the swap would be recognized in income
in connection with the extinguishment. Any swap agreements that are not
designated with outstanding debt or notional amounts (or durations) of
interest-rate swap agreements in excess of the principal amounts (or maturities)
of the underlying debt obligations are recorded as an asset or liability at fair
value, with changes in fair value recorded in other income or expense (the fair
value method).
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
The initial investment in the Iceland radio stations was translated into U.S.
dollars at the then-current exchange rate. Resulting translation adjustments
were reflected as a separate component of stockholders' equity. Transaction
gains and losses that arose from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions
denominated in a currency other than the functional currency were included in
the results of operations as incurred.
9
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
TREASURY STOCK
In September 2000, we modified our Stock Buy-Back Program (the "Buy-Back
Program") to allow us to purchase up to $6,000,000 of our Class A Common Stock.
From its inception in 1998 through December 31, 2001 we have repurchased 326,627
shares of our Class A common stock for approximately $4,814,000. Repurchases of
shares of our Common Stock are recorded as Treasury Stock and result in a
reduction of Stockholders' Equity. During 2001, 2000 and 1999 we acquired 60,300
shares at an average price of $16.36 per share, 180,480 shares at an average
price of $14.27 per share, and 20,308 shares at an average price of $17.43 per
share, respectively. During 2001, we issued 78,653 shares of Treasury Stock in
connection with our acquisition of radio stations and our employee stock
purchase plan. During 2000, we issued 26,989 shares of Treasury Stock in
connection with our employee stock purchase plan and restricted stock issued to
an employee. During 1999, we issued 67,779 shares of Treasury Stock in
connection with our acquisitions of broadcast properties and our employee stock
purchase plan.
REVENUE RECOGNITION
Revenue is recognized as commercials are broadcast.
ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS
A provision for doubtful accounts is recorded based on our judgment of the
collectibility of receivables. The activity in the allowance for doubtful
accounts during the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999 was as follows:
Write Off
Uncollectible
Balance at Charged to Accounts, Balance at
Beginning Costs and Net of End of
of Period Expenses Recoveries Period
-----------------------------------------------------------
Year ended December 31, 2001 $730 $633 $585 $778
Year ended December 31, 2000 573 623 466 730
Year ended December 31, 1999 496 519 442 573
10
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
BARTER TRANSACTIONS
The Company trades air time for goods and services used principally for
promotional, sales and other business activities. An asset and a liability are
recorded at the fair market value of goods or services received. Barter revenue
is recorded when commercials are broadcast, and barter expense is recorded when
goods or services are received or used. Barter transactions are recorded at the
estimated fair value of the goods or services received.
ADVERTISING AND PROMOTION COSTS
Advertising and promotion costs are expensed as incurred. Such costs amounted to
approximately $6,120,000, $6,436,000 and $6,195,000 for the years ended December
31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per
share:
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000 1999
-------------------------------
(In thousands)
Numerator:
Net income available to common stockholders $ 8,565 $ 8,650 $ 8,552
======= ======= =======
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings per share -
weighted average shares 16,378 16,434 16,315
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options 332 358 350
------- ------- -------
Denominator for diluted earnings per share -
adjusted weighted-average shares and
assumed conversions 16,710 16,792 16,665
======= ======= =======
Basic earnings per share $ .52 $ .53 $ .52
======= ======= =======
Diluted earnings per share $ .51 $ .52 $ .51
======= ======= =======
11
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statements of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 ("Statement 141"), Business Combinations,
and No. 142 ("Statement 142"), Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Statement
141 eliminates the pooling-of-interests method of accounting for business
combinations and changes the criteria to recognize intangible assets apart from
goodwill. The requirements of Statement 141 are effective for any business
combination initiated after June 30, 2001. Under Statement 142, goodwill and
intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives are no longer amortized but
will be subject to annual (or more frequent if impairment indicators arise)
impairment tests. Separable intangible assets that have finite lives will
continue to be amortized over their useful lives. The amortization provisions of
Statement 142 apply to goodwill and intangible assets acquired after June 30,
2001. With respect to goodwill and intangible assets acquired prior to July 1,
2001, the amortization provisions of Statement 142 are effective upon adoption
on January 1, 2002.
We currently record a significant amount of amortization of goodwill and
indefinite lived intangible assets as a non-cash expense. As a result, the new
Statements are expected to have a material impact on our 2002 financial
statements. Application of the non-amortization provision of Statement 142 is
expected to result in an annual decrease in amortization expense of
approximately $3,000,000, based on broadcast licenses and other intangibles
acquired prior to June 30, 2001. During 2002, the Company will also perform the
first of the required impairment tests of goodwill and indefinite lived
intangible assets as of January 1, 2002. We have not yet determined what the
effect, if any, of these tests will be on our earnings and financial position.
2. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consisted of the following:
DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000
-----------------------
(In thousands)
Land and land improvements $ 9,518 $ 8,968
Buildings 17,537 14,904
Towers and antennae 18,370 16,529
Equipment 55,811 48,657
Furniture, fixtures and leasehold improvements 6,608 5,999
Vehicles 2,328 1,958
--------- --------
110,172 97,015
Accumulated depreciation (55,003) (49,343)
--------- --------
Net property and equipment $ 55,169 $ 47,672
========= ========
12
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
3. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
The components of accumulated other comprehensive income are as follows:
DERIVATIVE
FINANCIAL
CURRENCY INSTRUMENTS
TRANSLATION GAINS
ADJUSTMENTS (LOSSES) TOTAL
---------------------------------------
(In thousands)
Balance at January 1, 2000 $ 33 -- $ 33
Currency translation adjustment (33) -- (33)
---- ----- -----
Balance at December 31, 2000 -- -- --
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of
$170 taxes -- (340) (340)
---- ----- -----
Balance at December 31, 2001 $ -- $(340) $(340)
==== ===== =====
4. LONG-TERM DEBT
Long-term debt consisted of the following: DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000
--------------------
(In thousands)
Credit Agreement:
Senior secured term loan facility $105,000 $70,000
Senior secured acquisition facility -- 23,750
Subordinated promissory note. Payments are due
monthly, including interest at 10%. The note matures
in 2004 241 325
Other, primarily covenants not to compete 260 566
-------- -------
105,501 94,641
Amounts due within one year 275 390
-------- -------
$105,226 $94,251
======== =======
13
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
4. LONG-TERM DEBT (CONTINUED)
Future maturities of long-term debt are as follows:
Year ending December 31, (In thousands)
- ------------------------
2002 $ 275
2003 13,306
2004 13,170
2005 15,750
2006 18,375
Thereafter 44,625
--------
$105,501
========
On March 28, 2001, we amended and refinanced our Credit Agreement with a group
of banks. We have three financing facilities (the "Facilities") under the Credit
Agreement: a $105,000,000 senior secured term loan (the "Term Loan"), a
$75,000,000 senior secured acquisition loan facility (the "Acquisition
Facility"), and a $20,000,000 senior secured revolving credit facility (the
"Revolving Facility"). The Facilities mature September 30, 2008. Our
indebtedness under the Facilities is secured by a first priority lien on
substantially all of our assets and the assets of our subsidiaries, by a pledge
of our subsidiaries' stock and by a guarantee of our subsidiaries.
The Term Loan was used to refinance our previous credit agreement, fund
permitted acquisitions and pay related transaction expenses. The Acquisition
Facility may be used for permitted acquisitions and to pay related transaction
expenses. The Revolving Facility may be used for general corporate purposes,
including working capital, capital expenditures, permitted acquisitions (to the
extent the Acquisition Facility has been fully utilized and limited to
$10,000,000) and permitted stock buybacks. On March 28, 2003, the Acquisition
Facility will convert to a five and a half year term loan. The outstanding
amount of the Term Loan is required to be reduced quarterly in amounts ranging
from 3.125% to 7.5% of the initial commitment commencing on March 31, 2003. Any
outstanding amount under the Acquisition Facility is required to be reduced
quarterly in amounts ranging from 3.125% to 7.5% commencing on March 31, 2003.
Any outstanding amount under the Revolving Facility will be due on the maturity
date of September 30, 2008. In addition, the Facilities may be further reduced
by specified percentages of Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the Credit
Agreement) based on leverage ratios.
Interest rates under the Facilities are payable, at our option, at alternatives
equal to LIBOR (1.94% at December 31, 2001) plus 1.25% to 2.0% or the Agent
bank's base rate plus .25% to 1.0%. The spread over LIBOR and the base rate vary
from time to time, depending upon our financial leverage. All interest is due
quarterly. We also pay quarterly commitment fees of 0.375% to 0.625% per annum
on the aggregate unused portion of the Acquisition and Revolving Facilities.
14
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
4. LONG-TERM DEBT (CONTINUED)
The Credit Agreement contains a number of financial covenants (all of which we
were in compliance with at December 31, 2001) that, among other things, requires
us to maintain specified financial ratios and impose certain limitations on the
us with respect to (i) the incurrence of additional indebtedness; (ii)
acquisitions, except under specified conditions; (iii) the incurrence of
additional liens, except those relating to capital leases and purchase money
indebtedness; (iv) the disposition of assets; (v) the payment of cash dividends;
and (vi) mergers, changes in business and management, investments and
transactions with affiliates. The Credit Agreement prohibits the payment of
dividends without the banks' prior consent.
5. DERIVATIVES
We use interest rate swap agreements to reduce our risk of rising interest
rates. As previously indicated in note 1, we adopted Statement 133 effective
January 1, 2001. The cumulative effect of adopting Statement 133 was immaterial
to our consolidated financial statements at January 1, 2001.
In July 2001, we entered into two interest rate swap agreements with a total
notional amount of $26,250,000 with an effective date of September 2001. In
accordance with the terms of the swap agreements, we pay 4.11% calculated on a
$26,250,000 notional amount. We receive LIBOR (1.90375% December 31, 2001)
calculated on a notional amount of $26,250,000. These agreements expire in March
2003.
In September 2001, we entered into two interest rate swap agreements with a
total notional amount of $13,750,000. In accordance with the terms of the swap
agreements, we pay 3.67% calculated on a $13,750,000 notional amount. We receive
LIBOR (1.90375% December 31, 2001) calculated on a notional amount of
$13,750,000. In March 2003 the total notional amount of these swap agreements
increases to $40,000,000 with all other terms remaining the same. These
agreements expire in September 2003.
The swap agreements are used to convert the variable interest rate of a portion
of bank borrowings to a fixed interest rate. Net receipts or payments under the
agreements are recognized as an adjustment to interest expense.
All of our current interest rate swap agreements are assessed as effective and,
therefore, changes in their fair value have been recognized in other
comprehensive income.
We have recorded a liability of approximately $510,000 on the balance sheet to
record the fair value of the swap agreements at December 31, 2001.
15
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
6. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
For the purposes of the statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents
include temporary investments with maturities of three months or less.
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000 1999
------------------------------------
(In thousands)
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest $ 7,275 $ 6,654 $ 5,837
Income taxes 5,342 6,004 3,553
Non-cash transactions:
Barter revenue $ 3,037 $ 2,308 $ 2,205
Barter expense 2,749 2,227 2,152
Acquisition of property and equipment 69 62 85
In conjunction with the acquisition of the net assets of broadcasting companies,
liabilities were assumed as follows:
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000 1999
------------------------------------
(In thousands)
Fair value of assets acquired $ 20,063 $ 25,496 $ 26,010
Cash paid (18,358) (25,145) (20,870)
Issuance of restricted stock (990) -- (3,713)
-------- -------- --------
Liabilities assumed $ 715 $ 351 $ 1,427
======== ======== ========
16
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
7. INCOME TAXES
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences
between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting
purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of
the Company's deferred tax liabilities and assets are as follows:
DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000
----------------------
(In thousands)
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property and equipment $ 6,161 $5,040
Intangible assets 4,997 3,529
------- ------
Total deferred tax liabilities 11,158 8,569
Deferred tax assets:
Allowance for doubtful accounts 265 248
Compensation 765 630
Fair value of derivatives 170 --
Loss carry forwards 1,384 1,288
------- ------
2,584 2,166
Less: valuation allowance 927 927
------- ------
Total net deferred tax assets 1,657 1,239
------- ------
Net deferred tax liabilities $ 9,501 $7,330
======= ======
At December 31, 2001, we have state tax loss carry forwards of approximately
$7,334,000, which will expire from 2003 to 2015 and a capital loss carry forward
of approximately $2,726,000, which will expire in 2005. The valuation allowance
for net deferred tax assets relates to a capital loss incurred during 2000.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109 requires that deferred tax
assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that
some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.
17
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
7. INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED)
The significant components of the provision for income taxes are as follows:
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000 1999
-----------------------------
(In thousands)
Current:
Federal $2,751 $4,664 $ 3,701
State 1,107 1,186 1,099
------ ------ -------
Total current 3,858 5,850 4,800
Total deferred 2,342 1,742 742
------ ------ -------
$6,200 $7,592 $ 5,542
====== ====== =======
The reconciliation of income tax at the U. S. federal statutory tax rates to
income tax expense is as follows:
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2001 2000 1999
-----------------------------
(In thousands)
Tax at U.S. statutory rates $5,020 $5,522 $ 4,792
State taxes, net of federal benefit 934 1,329 811
Amortization of excess of cost over fair
value of assets acquired 201 200 187
Other, net 45 77 70
Increase (reduction) of valuation
allowance on loss carry forwards -- 464 (318)
------ ------ -------
$6,200 $7,592 $ 5,542
====== ====== =======
18
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
8. STOCK OPTION PLANS
In 1992, we adopted the 1992 Stock Option Plan (the "Plan") pursuant to which
our key employees, including directors who are employees, are eligible to
receive grants of options to purchase our Class A Common Stock or Class B Common
Stock. At December 31, 2001, approximately 517,000 shares of Common Stock are
reserved for issuance under the Plan. Options granted under the Plan may be
either incentive stock options (within the meaning of Section 422A of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986) or non-qualified options. Incentive stock options
granted under the Plan may be for terms not exceeding ten years from the date of
grant, except in the case of incentive stock options granted to persons owning
more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of our stock,
which may be granted for terms not exceeding five years. These options may not
be granted at a price which is less than 100% of the fair market value of shares
at the time of grant (110% in the case of persons owning more than 10% of the
combined voting power of all classes of our stock). The terms and price of
non-qualified stock options granted pursuant to the Plan shall be determined by
the Compensation Committee.
In 1997, we adopted the 1997 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan (the
"Directors Plan") pursuant to which our directors who are not our employees are
eligible to receive options. Under the terms of the Directors Plan, on the last
business day of January of each year during the term of the Directors Plan, in
lieu of their directors' retainer for the previous year, each eligible director
shall automatically be granted an option to purchase that number of our shares
of Class A Common Stock equal to the amount of the retainer divided by the fair
market value of our Common Stock on the last trading day of the December
immediately preceding the date of grant less $.01 per share. The option exercise
price is $.01 per share. At December 31, 2001, approximately 144,000 shares of
common stock are reserved for issuance under the Directors Plan. Options granted
under the Directors Plan are non-qualified stock options and shall be
immediately vested and exercisable on the date of grant. The options may be
exercised for a period of 10 years from the date of grant of the option. On
January 31, 2002 a total of 3,242 shares were issued under the Directors Plan in
lieu of their directors' retainer for the year ended December 31, 2001.
19
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
8. STOCK OPTION PLANS (CONTINUED)
We follow Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock
Issued to Employees" ("APB 25") and related interpretations, in accounting for
our employee and non-employee director stock options. Under APB 25, when the
exercise price of our employee stock options equals or exceeds the market price
of the underlying stock on the date of grant, no compensation expense is
recognized. Total compensation costs recognized in the income statement for
stock based compensation awards to employees for the years ended December 31,
2001, 2000 and 1999, was $24,000, $52,000 and $143,000, respectively. Total
Directors fees recognized in the income statement for stock based compensation
awards for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, was $67,000,
$55,000 and $62,000, respectively.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 ("Statement 123"),
"Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" defines a fair value based method of
accounting for an employee stock option or similar equity instrument. Pro forma
information regarding net income and earnings per share is required by Statement
123, and has been determined as if we had accounted for our employee stock
options under the fair value method of that Statement. The fair value of our
stock options were estimated as of the date of grant using a Black-Scholes
option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions for 2001,
2000, and 1999, respectively: risk-free interest rates of 4.9%, 5.3% and 6.4%, a
dividend yield of 0%; expected volatility of 30.9%, 28.6% and 27.9%, and a
weighted average expected life of the options of 7 years. Under these
assumptions, the weighted average fair value of an option to purchase one share
granted in 2001, 2000 and 1999, was approximately $7.73, $8.92 and $7.17,
respectively.
The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the
fair value of traded options which have no vesting restrictions and are fully
transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly
subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. Because
our employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from
those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions
can materially affect the fair value estimate, in our opinion the existing
models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of
our employee stock options.
20
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
8. STOCK OPTION PLANS (CONTINUED)
For purposes of the pro forma disclosures required under Statement 123, the
estimated fair value of the options is amortized to expense over the options'
vesting period. Our pro forma information is as follows:
2001 2000 1999
------------------------------------
(In thousands except per share data)
Pro forma net income $ 7,346 $ 7,802 $ 7,848
======= ======= =======
Pro forma earnings per share:
Basic $ .45 $ .47 $ .48
======= ======= =======
Diluted $ .44 $ .46 $ .47
======= ======= =======
The following summarizes the Plan stock option transactions for the three years
ended December 31, 2001
WEIGHTED
NUMBER AVERAGE
OF EXERCISE PRICE PRICE PER
OPTIONS PER SHARE SHARE
---------------------------------------------
Options outstanding at January 1, 1999 1,255,578 $ 1.74 To $ 9.28 $ 8.87
Granted 187,572 15.90 15.90
Exercised (299,706) 1.74 To 9.28 3.76
Forfeited -- --
--------- ------------------ --------
Options outstanding at December 31, 1999 1,143,444 $ 1.74 To $ 15.90 $ 11.37
Granted 185,755 20.00 To 21.00 20.79
Exercised -- --
Forfeited (1,681) 21.00 21.00
--------- ------------------ --------
Options outstanding at December 31, 2000 1,327,518 $ 1.74 To $ 21.00 $ 12.68
Granted 216,485 17.80 17.80
Exercised (66,474) 1.74 To 15.90 6.03
Forfeited (5,296) 13.20 To 21.00 16.31
--------- ------------------ --------
Options outstanding at December 31, 2001 1,472,233 $ 1.74 To $ 21.00 $ 13.72
========= ================== ========
21
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
8. STOCK OPTION PLANS (CONTINUED)
The following summarizes the Directors Plan stock option transactions for the
three years ended December 31, 2001
WEIGHTED
NUMBER AVERAGE
OF EXERCISE PRICE PRICE PER
OPTIONS PER SHARE SHARE
----------------------------------------
Options outstanding at January 1, 1999 2,452 -- $ .006 $ .006
Granted 3,042 .008 .008
Exercised -- --
Forfeited -- --
------ ---------------- ------
Options outstanding at December 31, 1999 5,494 $ .006 To $ .008 $ .007
Granted 3,048 .010 .010
Exercised -- --
Forfeited -- --
------ ---------------- ------
Options outstanding at December 31, 2000 8,542 $ .006 To $ .010 $ .008
Granted 3,713 .010 .010
Exercised -- --
Forfeited -- --
------ ---------------- ------
Options outstanding at December 31, 2001 12,255 $ .006 To $ .010 $ .009
====== ================ ======
The following summarizes stock options exercisable and available for the three
years ended December 31, 2001
THE THE DIRECTORS
PLAN PLAN
---------------------------
Options exercisable at December 31:
2001 732,787 12,255
2000 576,915 8,542
1999 384,227 5,494
Available for grant at December 31:
2001 517,194 143,995
2000 728,383 147,708
1999 912,457 150,756
22
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
8. STOCK OPTION PLANS (CONTINUED)
Stock options outstanding in the Plan at December 31, 2001 are summarized as
follows:
Weighted Average
Exercise Options Options Remaining
Price Outstanding Exercisable Contractual Life
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 1.74 25,123 25,123 3.2
$ 3.40 140,190 140,190 1.9
$ 5.00 29,469 29,469 2.2
$ 7.29 15,622 15,622 4.2
$ 9.28 28,904 22,186 5.3
$13.20 654,472 391,922 6.2
$15.90 179,407 71,763 7.2
$17.80 216,485 -- 9.2
$20.00 25,209 5,042 8.2
$21.00 157,352 31,470 8.2
---------- -------- ---
1,472,233 732,787 6.4
========== ======== ===
Weighted Average
Exercise Price $ 13.72 $ 11.00
========== ========
Stock options outstanding in the Directors Plan at December 31, 2001 are
summarized as follows:
Weighted Average
Exercise Options Options Remaining
Price Outstanding Exercisable Contractual Life
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
$0.006 2,452 2,452 6.1
$0.008 3,042 3,042 7.1
$0.010 3,048 3,048 8.1
$0.010 3,713 3,713 9.1
------- ------- ---
12,255 12,255 7.7
======= ======= ===
Weighted Average
Exercise Price $ 0.009 $ 0.009
======= =======
23
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
401(k) PLAN
We have a defined contribution pension plan ("401(k) Plan") that covers
substantially all employees. Employees can elect to have a portion of their
wages withheld and contributed to the plan. The 401(k) Plan also allows us to
make a discretionary contribution. Total expense under the 401(k) Plan was
approximately $200,000, $180,000 and $170,000 in 2001, 2000 and 1999,
respectively.
EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
In 1999 our stockholders approved the Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP")
under which 1,250,000 shares of our Class A Common Stock could be sold to our
employees. The ESPP was effective July 1, 1999. Each quarter, an eligible
employee may elect to withhold up to 10 percent of his or her compensation to
purchase shares of our stock at a price equal to 85 percent of the fair value of
the stock as of the last day of such quarter. The ESPP will terminate on the
earlier of the issuance of 1,250,000 shares pursuant to the ESPP or December 31,
2008. There were 14,781, 16,809 and 3,309 shares issued under the ESPP in 2001,
2000 and 1999, respectively. Compensation expense recognized related to the ESPP
for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999 was approximately $43,000,
$45,000 and $10,000, respectively.
DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN
In 1999 we established a Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan which allows
officers and certain management employees to annually elect to defer a portion
of their compensation, on a pre-tax basis, until their retirement. The
retirement benefit to be provided is based on the amount of compensation
deferred and any earnings thereon. Deferred compensation expense for the years
ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999 was approximately $291,000, $300,000 and
$101,000, respectively. We have invested in company-owned life insurance
policies to assist in funding these programs. The cash surrender values of these
policies are in a rabbi trust and are recorded as our assets.
24
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
10. PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)
ACQUISITIONS
On July 1, 2001, we acquired two FM radio stations (KMIT-FM and KUQL-FM) serving
the Mitchell, South Dakota market for approximately $4,050,000. This transaction
has been accounted for in accordance with Statement 141 as summarized in Note 1.
The effect of applying Statement 141 is immaterial to the accompanying financial
statements.
On April 1, 2001, we acquired an AM and FM radio station (WHAI-FM and WHMQ-AM)
serving the Greenfield, Massachusetts market for approximately $2,200,000.
On February 1, 2001, we acquired an FM radio station (WVVR-FM) serving the
Clarksville, Tennessee / Hopkinsville, Kentucky market for approximately
$7,000,000, including approximately $1,000,000 of our Class A Common Stock. The
radio station was owned by a company in which a member of our Board of Directors
had a 35% beneficial ownership interest. The purchase price was determined on an
arm's length basis. We also obtained an opinion from an independent appraiser
that the purchase price was fair from a financial point of view.
On February 1, 2001, we acquired two FM and two AM radio stations (WCVQ-FM,
WZZP-FM, WDXN-AM, and WJMR-AM) serving the Clarksville, Tennessee /
Hopkinsville, Kentucky market for approximately for $6,700,000.
On August 30, 2000, we acquired an AM and FM radio station (WHMP-AM and WLZX-FM)
serving the Northampton, Massachusetts market for approximately $12,000,000.
On July 17, 2000, we acquired an FM radio station (WKIO-FM) serving the
Champaign-Urbana, Illinois market for approximately $6,800,000.
On January 1, 2000, we acquired two FM and one AM radio station (KICD-AM/FM and
KLLT-FM) serving the Spencer, Iowa market for approximately $6,400,000.
25
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
10. PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) (CONTINUED)
ACQUISITIONS (CONTINUED)
The consolidated statements of income include the operating results of the
acquired stations from their respective dates of acquisition. All acquisitions
were accounted for as purchases and, accordingly, the total costs were allocated
to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities based on their estimated fair
values as of the acquisition dates. The excess of the consideration paid over
the estimated fair value of net assets acquired have been recorded as broadcast
licenses. The following condensed balance sheet represents the estimated fair
value assigned to the related assets and liabilities of the 2001 acquisitions at
their respective acquisition dates.
SAGA COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET OF 2001 ACQUISITIONS
(IN THOUSANDS)
ASSETS ACQUIRED:
Current assets $ 684
Property and equipment 4,737
Other assets:
Broadcast licenses 14,941
Excess of cost over fair value of assets acquired 113
Other intangibles, deferred costs and investments 227
-------
Total other assets 15,281
-------
Total assets acquired 20,702
-------
LIABILITIES ASSUMED:
Current liabilities 471
Deferred income taxes 245
-------
Total liabilities assumed 716
-------
Net assets acquired $19,986
=======
26
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
10. PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) (CONTINUED)
The following unaudited pro forma results of our operations for the years ended
December 31, 2001 and 2000 assume the acquisitions occurred as of January 1,
2000. The pro forma results give effect to certain adjustments, including
depreciation, amortization of intangible assets, increased interest expense on
acquisition debt and related income tax effects. The pro forma results have been
prepared for comparative purposes only and do not purport to indicate the
results of operations which would actually have occurred had the combinations
been in effect on the dates indicated, or which may occur in the future.
PRO FORMA RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR ACQUISITIONS:
2001 2000
-------------------------
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS: (In thousands except
per share data)
Net operating revenue $105,082 $109,051
Station operating expense 67,683 68,340
Depreciation and amortization 10,246 10,220
Corporate general and administrative 5,421 5,101
-------- --------
Operating profit 21,732 25,390
Interest expense 7,091 7,963
Other (17) 2,093
Income taxes 6,156 7,199
-------- --------
Net income $ 8,502 $ 8,135
======== ========
Basic earnings per share $ .52 $ .50
======== ========
Diluted earnings per share $ .51 $ .48
======== ========
RADIO BROADCASTING SEGMENT 2001 2000
-------------------------
(In thousands)
Net operating revenue $ 94,220 $ 96,432
Station operating expense 59,360 59,739
Depreciation and amortization 7,677 7,881
Corporate general and administrative -- --
-------- --------
Operating profit $ 27,183 $ 28,812
======== ========
27
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
10. PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) (CONTINUED)
TELEVISION BROADCASTING SEGMENT 2001 2000
-------------------------
(In thousands)
Net operating revenue $ 10,862 $ 12,619
Station operating expense 8,323 8,601
Depreciation and amortization 2,021 1,963
Corporate general and administrative -- --
-------- --------
Operating profit $ 518 $ 2,055
======== ========
11. CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
We sell advertising to local and national companies throughout the United
States. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and generally do
not require collateral. We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts at a
level which we believe is sufficient to cover potential credit losses.
12. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
ACQUISITION OF STATION FROM AFFILIATE OF DIRECTOR
On February 1, 2001, we acquired an FM radio station (WVVR-FM) serving the
Clarksville, Tennessee / Hopkinsville, Kentucky market for approximately
$7,000,000, including approximately $1,000,000 of our Class A Common Stock. The
radio station was owned by a company in which a member of our Board of Directors
had a 35% beneficial ownership interest. The purchase price was determined on an
arm's length basis. We also obtained an opinion from an independent appraiser
that the purchase price was fair from a financial point of view.
28
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
12. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)
PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDER EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
In April, 1997 we entered into a five year employment agreement with Edward K.
Christian, our principal stockholder, president and CEO, which provides that,
upon the consummation of our sale or transfer of control, his employment will be
terminated and we will pay him an amount equal to five times the average of his
total annual compensation for the preceding three years, plus an additional
amount as is necessary for applicable income taxes related to the payment. For
the three years ended December 31, 2001 his average annual compensation as
defined by the employment agreement was approximately $783,000. This agreement
expires March 31, 2002. See note 16.
NOTE RECEIVABLE FROM PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDER
The loan from us to Edward K. Christian bears interest at a rate per annum equal
to the lowest rate necessary to avoid the imputation of income for federal
income tax purposes. As part of a five year employment agreement with the
principal stockholder, we will forgive 20% of the note balance ratably over five
years, and pay him an amount in cash equal to such amount as is necessary to
enable the principal stockholder or his estate to pay all related federal and
state income tax liabilities. This agreement expires March 31, 2002. We recorded
compensation expense of approximately $287,000, $331,000 and $314,000 in 2001,
2000 and 1999, respectively, relative to the agreement.
LOAN TO PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDER AND TRANSACTIONS WITH AFFILIATE
In May 1999 we lent $125,000 to Edward K. Christian. The loan bore interest at
7% per annum. Principal and interest on the loan was repaid in two equal
installments on May 5, 2000 and 2001. Mr. Christian loaned the proceeds of his
loan to Surtsey Productions, Inc., a company owned by his daughter, to finance
the purchase of the assets of television station KVCT, Victoria, Texas. Under
the ownership rules of the Federal Communications Commission we are prohibited
from owning this station. Surtsey Productions has leased KVCT to us exclusively
for sales and programming. Under the 16 year lease agreement, we paid Surtsey
Productions two lump sum payments of approximately $118,000 and $122,000 in 2001
and 2000, respectively. Additionally, we make lease payments of $2,000 per
month.
29
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
12. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)
OTHER RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
A number of our radio and television stations have utilized the graphic design
services of Surtsey Productions, a company owned by Mr. Christian's daughter.
For the year ended December 31, 2001 the total fees paid to Surtsey Productions
for such services was approximately $112,000. Surtsey Productions leases office
space in a building owned by us, and paid us rent of approximately $33,000
during the year ended December 31, 2001.
13. COMMON STOCK
Dividends. Stockholders are entitled to receive such dividends as may be
declared by our Board of Directors out of funds legally available for such
purpose. However, no dividend may be declared or paid in cash or property on any
share of any class of Common Stock unless simultaneously the same dividend is
declared or paid on each share of the other class of common stock. In the case
of any stock dividend, holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to receive
the same percentage dividend (payable in shares of Class A Common Stock) as the
holders of Class B Common Stock receive (payable in shares of Class B Common
Stock). The payment of dividends is prohibited by the terms of our bank loan
agreement, without the banks' prior consent.
Voting Rights. Holders of shares of Common Stock vote as a single class on all
matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, with each share of Class A
Common Stock entitled to one vote and each share of Class B Common Stock
entitled to ten votes, except (i) in the election for directors, (ii) with
respect to any "going private" transaction between the Company and the principal
stockholder, and (iii) as otherwise provided by law.
In the election of directors, the holders of Class A Common Stock, voting as a
separate class, are entitled to elect two of our directors. The holders of the
Common Stock, voting as a single class with each share of Class A Common Stock
entitled to one vote and each share of Class B Common Stock entitled to ten
votes, are entitled to elect the remaining directors. The Board of Directors
consisted of six members at December 31, 2001. Holders of Common Stock are not
entitled to cumulative votes in the election of directors.
The holders of the Common Stock vote as a single class with respect to any
proposed "going private" transaction with the principal stockholder, with each
share of each class of Common Stock entitled to one vote per share.
30
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
13. COMMON STOCK (CONTINUED)
Under Delaware law, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the
outstanding shares of any class of common stock is required to approve, among
other things, a change in the designations, preferences and limitations of the
shares of such class of common stock.
Liquidation Rights. Upon our liquidation, dissolution, or winding-up, the
holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to share ratably with the holders
of Class B Common Stock in all assets available for distribution after payment
in full of creditors.
Other Provisions. Each share of Class B Common Stock is convertible, at the
option of its holder, into one share of Class A Common Stock at any time. One
share of Class B Common Stock converts automatically into one share of Class A
Common Stock upon its sale or other transfer to a party unaffiliated with the
principal stockholder or, in the event of a transfer to an affiliated party,
upon the death of the transferor.
14. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
LEASES
We lease certain land, buildings and equipment under noncancellable operating
leases. Rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2001 was $1,462,000
($1,356,000 and $1,332,000 for the years ended December 31, 2000 and 1999,
respectively). Minimum annual rental commitments under noncancellable operating
leases consisted of the following at December 31, 2001 (in thousands):
2002 $1,424
2003 980
2004 500
2005 259
2006 212
Thereafter 1,207
------
$4,582
======
31
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
14. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (CONTINUED)
BROADCAST PROGRAM RIGHTS
We have entered into contracts for broadcast program rights that expire at
various dates during the next five years. The aggregate minimum payments
relating to these commitments consisted of the following at December 31, 2001(in
thousands):
2002 $210
2003 137
2004 113
2005 72
2006 1
Thereafter 0
----
$533
Amounts due within one year (included in accounts payable) 210
----
$323
====
15. SEGMENT INFORMATION
We evaluate the operating performance of our stations individually. For purposes
of business segment reporting, we have aligned operations with similar
characteristics into two business segments: Radio and Television.
The Radio segment includes all fifty-seven of our radio stations and three radio
information networks. The Television segment consists of four television
stations and three low power television ("LPTV") stations. The Radio and
Television segments derive their revenue from the sale of commercial broadcast
inventory. The category "Corporate and Other" represents the income and expense
not allocated to reportable segments.
32
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
15. SEGMENT INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
We evaluate performance of our operating entities based on station operating
income before corporate general and administrative, depreciation and
amortization ("station operating income"). We believe that station operating
income is useful because it provides a meaningful comparison of operating
performance between companies in the broadcasting industry and serves as an
indicator of the market value of a group of stations. Station operating income
is generally recognized by the broadcasting industry as a measure of performance
and is used by analysts who report on the performance of broadcasting groups.
Station operating income is not necessarily indicative of amounts that may be
available to us for debt service requirements, other commitments, reinvestment
or other discretionary uses. Station operating income is not a measure of
liquidity or of performance in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles, and should be viewed as a supplement to and not a substitute for the
results of operations presented on the basis of accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States.
YEAR ENDED CORPORATE
DECEMBER 31, 2001: RADIO TELEVISION AND OTHER CONSOLIDATED
----------------------------------------------------------
Net operating revenue $ 93,094 $10,862 -- $103,956
Station operating expense 58,317 8,323 -- 66,640
-------- ------- -------- --------
Station operating income 34,777 2,539 -- 37,316
Corporate general and
administrative -- -- $ 5,421 5,421
Depreciation and
amortization 7,541 2,021 548 10,110
-------- ------- -------- --------
Operating profit (loss) $ 27,236 $ 518 $ (5,969) $ 21,785
======== ======= ======== ========
Total assets at
December 31, 2001 $159,694 $26,234 $ 17,961 $203,889
======== ======= ======== ========
Capital additions $ 6,521 $ 1,476 $ 482 $ 8,479
======== ======= ======== ========
YEAR ENDED CORPORATE
DECEMBER 31, 2000: RADIO TELEVISION AND OTHER CONSOLIDATED
----------------------------------------------------------
Net operating revenue $ 89,127 $12,619 -- $101,746
Station operating expense 53,886 8,601 -- 62,487
-------- ------- -------- --------
Station operating income 35,241 4,018 -- 39,259
Corporate general and
administrative -- -- $ 5,101 5,101
Depreciation and
amortization 6,680 1,963 376 9,019
-------- ------- -------- --------
Operating profit (loss) $ 28,561 $ 2,055 $ (5,477) $ 25,139
======== ======= ======== ========
Total assets at
December 31, 2000 $140,080 $26,716 $ 13,110 $179,906
======== ======= ======== ========
Capital additions $ 3,506 $ 1,403 $ 492 $ 5,401
======== ======= ======== ========
33
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
15. SEGMENT INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
YEAR ENDED CORPORATE
DECEMBER 31, 1999: RADIO TELEVISION AND OTHER CONSOLIDATED
----------------------------------------------------------
Net operating revenue $ 80,167 $ 9,853 -- $ 90,020
Station operating expense 49,823 6,729 -- 56,552
-------- ------- -------- --------
Station operating income 30,344 3,124 -- 33,468
Corporate general and
administrative -- -- $ 5,095 5,095
Depreciation and
amortization 6,056 1,525 441 8,022
-------- ------- -------- --------
Operating profit (loss) $ 24,288 $ 1,599 $ (5,536) $ 20,351
======== ======= ======== ========
Total assets at
December 31, 1999 $115,834 $27,476 $ 19,186 $162,496
======== ======= ======== ========
Capital additions $ 3,666 $ 1,437 $ 74 $ 5,177
======== ======= ======== ========
16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On February 15, 2002, we entered into an agreement to purchase the assets of
WKNE-AM/FM in Keene, New Hampshire and WKVT-AM/FM in Brattleboro, Vermont for
approximately $9,075,000. The acquisition, which is subject to the approval of
the Federal Communications Commission, is expected to close during the second
quarter of 2002.
In March 2002 we entered into an employment agreement with Edward K. Christian,
our principal stockholder, President and CEO. This agreement is effective April
1, 2002 and expires March 31, 2009. The agreement provides for certain
compensation, death, disability and termination benefits, as well as the use of
an automobile. The base salary under the agreement is an annual salary of
$450,000 per year effective April 1, 2002, increasing to $500,000 per year
effective January 1, 2003. The agreement also provides that he is eligible for
stock options to be awarded at the discretion of our Board of Directors, and
annual bonuses in such amounts as shall be determined pursuant to the terms of
the Chief Executive Officer Annual Incentive Plan. The agreement also provides
that, upon the consummation of our sale or transfer of control, his employment
will be terminated and we will pay him an amount equal to five times the average
of his total annual compensation for the preceding three years, plus an
additional amount as is necessary for applicable income taxes related to the
payment. For the three years ended December 31, 2001 his average annual
compensation as defined by the new employment agreement, which is relatively
comparable with his prior employment agreement, was approximately $783,000.
34
Saga Communications, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
17. QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
MARCH 31, JUNE 30, SEPTEMBER 30, DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(In thousands, except per share data)
Net operating revenue $22,793 $22,042 $ 28,014 $26,180 $ 26,251 $ 25,478 $ 26,898 $28,046
Station operating
expense:
Programming and
technical 6,060 5,598 6,075 5,461 6,230 5,769 6,094 5,842
Selling 5,902 5,741 7,361 6,872 6,037 5,677 7,124 7,181
Station general and
administrative 3,976 3,980 3,743 3,170 4,021 3,419 4,017 3,777
------- ------- -------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------
Total station
operating expense 15,938 15,319 17,179 15,503 16,288 14,865 17,235 16,800
------- ------- -------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------
Station operating
income before
corporate general and
administrative,
depreciation and
amortization 6,855 6,723 10,835 10,677 9,963 10,613 9,663 11,246
Corporate general and
administrative 1,356 1,211 1,539 1,453 1,191 1,239 1,335 1,198
Depreciation and
amortization 2,376 2,198 2,486 2,199 2,606 2,286 2,642 2,336
------- ------- -------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------
Operating profit 3,123 3,314 6,810 7,025 6,166 7,088 5,686 7,712
Other expenses:
Interest expense 1,803 1,570 1,942 1,569 1,896 1,781 1,396 1,873
Other 358 425 (48) 1,630 (315) (13) (12) 62
------- ------- -------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------
Income before
income tax 962 1,319 4,916 3,826 4,585 5,320 4,302 5,777
Income tax provision 428 599 2,066 1,689 1,870 2,252 1,836 3,052
------- ------- -------- ------- -------- -------- -------- -------
Net income $ 534 $ 720 $ 2,850 $ 2,137 $ 2,715 $ 3,068 $ 2,466 $ 2,725
======= ======= ======== ======= ======== ======== ======== =======
Basic earnings per
share $ .03 $ .04 $ .17 $ .13 $ .17 $ .19 $ .15 $ .17
======= ======= ======== ======= ======== ======== ======== =======
Weighted average
common shares 16,354 16,479 16,386 16,479 16,380 16,479 16,390 16,319
======= ======= ======== ======= ======== ======== ======== =======
Diluted earnings per
share $ .03 $ .04 $ .17 $ .13 $ .16 $ .18 $ .15 $ .16
======= ======= ======== ======= ======== ======== ======== =======
Weighted average
common and common
equivalent shares 16,655 16,861 16,708 16,868 16,728 16,871 16,753 16,545
======= ======= ======== ======= ======== ======== ======== =======
35