UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
FORM 10-Q
(MARK ONE)
þ
|
QUARTERLY
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005
OR
o
|
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 000-27969
IMMERSION CORPORATION
Delaware | 94-3180138 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
incorporation or organization) |
801 Fox Lane, San Jose, California 95131
(408) 467-1900
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o | No þ |
Number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at May 9, 2005: 24,038,826
IMMERSION CORPORATION
INDEX
Page | ||||||||
3 | ||||||||
4 | ||||||||
5 | ||||||||
6 | ||||||||
21 | ||||||||
46 | ||||||||
46 | ||||||||
46 | ||||||||
49 | ||||||||
50 | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 31.1 | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 31.2 | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 32.1 | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 32.2 |
2
PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
IMMERSION CORPORATION
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 26,913 | $ | 25,538 | ||||
Accounts receivable, (net of allowances for doubtful accounts of: March 31, 2005, $295;
and December 31, 2004, $159) |
5,426 | 5,435 | ||||||
Inventories |
1,935 | 1,805 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
1,667 | 1,280 | ||||||
Total current assets |
35,941 | 34,058 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
1,062 | 1,174 | ||||||
Intangibles and other assets, net |
6,896 | 7,018 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 43,899 | $ | 42,250 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS DEFICIT |
||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 1,209 | $ | 4,038 | ||||
Accrued compensation |
1,528 | 1,499 | ||||||
Other current liabilities |
1,770 | 2,002 | ||||||
Deferred revenue and customer advances |
4,287 | 3,420 | ||||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
11 | 10 | ||||||
Current portion of capital lease obligation |
| 1 | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
8,805 | 10,970 | ||||||
Long-term debt, less current portion |
16,980 | 16,917 | ||||||
Long-term deferred revenue, less current portion |
10,999 | 5,154 | ||||||
Long-term customer advance from Microsoft (Note 8) |
15,000 | 15,000 | ||||||
Other long-term liabilities |
| 176 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
51,784 | 48,217 | ||||||
Contingencies (Note 14) |
||||||||
Stockholders deficit: |
||||||||
Common stock
$0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; shares
issued and outstanding: March 31, 2005, 23,930,342 and December 31, 2004,
23,526,067 |
105,241 | 104,027 | ||||||
Warrants |
3,686 | 3,686 | ||||||
Deferred stock compensation |
| (2 | ) | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
58 | 59 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit |
(116,870 | ) | (113,737 | ) | ||||
Total stockholders deficit |
(7,885 | ) | (5,967 | ) | ||||
Total liabilities and stockholders deficit |
$ | 43,899 | $ | 42,250 | ||||
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
IMMERSION CORPORATION
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||
Royalty and license |
$ | 2,471 | $ | 1,831 | ||||
Product sales |
2,695 | 2,444 | ||||||
Development contracts and other |
606 | 1,080 | ||||||
Total revenues |
5,772 | 5,355 | ||||||
Costs and expenses: |
||||||||
Cost of product sales (exclusive of amortization of intangibles
shown separately below) |
1,389 | 1,221 | ||||||
Sales and marketing (exclusive of amortization of deferred
stock compensation) |
2,819 | 2,462 | ||||||
Research and development (exclusive of amortization of
deferred stock compensation) |
1,507 | 1,889 | ||||||
General and administrative (exclusive of amortization of
deferred stock compensation) |
2,286 | 4,878 | ||||||
Amortization of intangibles and deferred stock compensation * |
369 | 513 | ||||||
Restructuring costs |
185 | | ||||||
Total costs and expenses |
8,555 | 10,963 | ||||||
Operating loss |
(2,783 | ) | (5,608 | ) | ||||
Interest and other income |
116 | 46 | ||||||
Interest expense |
(399 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
Other expense |
(2 | ) | (605 | ) | ||||
Loss before provision for income taxes |
(3,068 | ) | (6,168 | ) | ||||
Provision for income taxes |
(65 | ) | | |||||
Net loss |
$ | (3,133 | ) | $ | (6,168 | ) | ||
Basic and diluted net loss per share |
$ | (0.13 | ) | $ | (0.30 | ) | ||
Shares used in calculating basic and diluted net loss per share |
23,663 | 20,791 | ||||||
* Amortization of intangibles and deferred stock compensation |
||||||||
Amortization of intangibles |
$ | 367 | $ | 392 | ||||
Deferred stock compensation research and development |
2 | 121 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 369 | $ | 513 | ||||
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
IMMERSION CORPORATION
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||
Net
loss
|
$ | (3,133 | ) | $ | (6,168 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |
||||||||
Depreciation and
amortization
|
217 | 215 | ||||||
Amortization of
intangibles
|
367 | 392 | ||||||
Amortization of deferred stock
compensation
|
2 | 121 | ||||||
Interest expense Accretion on 5% Convertible Debenture (Note
6) |
160 | | ||||||
Interest and other expense Microsoft (Note
8) |
| 599 | ||||||
Fair value adjustment of put
option
|
(11 | ) | | |||||
Loss on disposal of
equipment
|
2 | 2 | ||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts
receivable
|
9 | 1,954 | ||||||
Inventories
|
(130 | ) | (295 | ) | ||||
Prepaid expenses and other current
assets
|
(387 | ) | 136 | |||||
Accounts
payable
|
(2,806 | ) | 241 | |||||
Accrued compensation and other current liabilities
|
(202 | ) | 926 | |||||
Deferred revenue and customer
advances
|
6,547 | (1,274 | ) | |||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating
activities |
635 | (3,151 | ) | |||||
Cash flows used in investing activities: |
||||||||
Intangibles and other
assets
|
(246 | ) | (490 | ) | ||||
Purchases of property and
equipment
|
(106 | ) | (134 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in investing
activities
|
(352 | ) | (624 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities: |
||||||||
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase
plan |
116 | 66 | ||||||
Exercise of stock
options
|
1,098 | 1,042 | ||||||
Increase in issuance cost of 5% Convertible Debenture (Note
6) |
(94 | ) | | |||||
Dividends paid on Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock (Note
8) |
| (212 | ) | |||||
Payments on notes payable and capital
leases
|
(3 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by financing
activities
|
1,117 | 888 | ||||||
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash
equivalents |
(25 | ) | (63 | ) | ||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash
equivalents |
1,375 | (2,950 | ) | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents: |
||||||||
Beginning of the
period
|
25,538 | 21,738 | ||||||
End of the
period
|
$ | 26,913 | $ | 18,788 | ||||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |
||||||||
Cash paid for
taxes
|
$ | | $ | 160 | ||||
Cash paid for
interest
|
$ | 275 | $ | 1 | ||||
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities: |
||||||||
Costs related to debt
issuance
|
$ | 94 | $ | | ||||
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5
IMMERSION CORPORATION
1. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Description of Business - Immersion Corporation (the Company) was incorporated in May 1993 in California and reincorporated in Delaware in 1999 and provides technologies that let users interact with digital devices using their sense of touch.
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation - The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Immersion Corporation and its majority-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts, transactions, and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and with the instructions for Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X and, therefore, do not include all information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Companys audited consolidated financial statements included in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004. In the opinion of management, all adjustments consisting of only normal recurring items necessary for the fair presentation of the financial position and results of operation for the interim periods have been included.
The results of operations for the interim period ended March 31, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenues in accordance with applicable accounting standards including Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104, Revenue Recognition, Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) 00-21 Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables and AICPA Statement of Position (SOP) 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended. Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or service has been rendered, the fee is fixed and determinable, and collectibility is probable. The Company derives its revenues from three principal sources: royalty and license fees, product sales, and development contracts. The Company recognizes royalty and license revenue based on royalty reports or related information received from the licensee as well as time-based licenses of its intellectual property portfolio. Up-front payments under license agreements are deferred and recognized as revenue based on either the royalty reports received or amortized over the license period depending on the nature of the agreement. Advance payments under license agreements that also require the Company to provide future services to the licensee are deferred and recognized over the service period when vendor specific objective evidence related to the value of the services does not exist.
6
The Company generally licenses and recognizes revenue from its licensees under one or a combination of the following models:
License revenue model | Revenue recognition | ||||
Perpetual license of intellectual property portfolio based
on per unit royalties, no services contracted.
|
Based on royalty reports received from licensees. No further obligations to licensee exist. | ||||
Time-based license of intellectual property portfolio with
up-front payments and/or annual minimum royalty
requirements, no services contracted.
|
Based on straight-line amortization of annual minimum/up-front payment recognized over contract period or annual minimum period. No further obligations to licensee exist. | ||||
Perpetual license of intellectual property portfolio or
technology license along with contract for development work.
|
Based on cost-to-cost percentage-of-completion accounting method over the service period. Obligation to licensee exists until development work is complete. | ||||
License of software or technology, no modification necessary.
|
Up-front revenue recognition based on SOP 97-2 criteria or EITF 00-21, as applicable. | ||||
Individual contracts may have characteristics that do not fall within a specific license model or may have characteristics of a combination of license models. Under those circumstances, the Company recognizes revenue in accordance with SAB No. 104, EITF 00-21 and SOP 97-2, as amended, to guide the accounting treatment for each individual contract. If the information received from the Companys licensees regarding royalties is incorrect or inaccurate, the Companys revenues in future periods may be adversely affected. To date, none of the information the Company has received from the Companys licensees has caused any material adjustment to period revenues. The Company recognizes revenues from product sales when the product is shipped, provided that collection is determined to be probable and no significant obligation remains. The Company sells the majority of its products with warranties ranging from three to twenty-four months. The Company records the estimated warranty costs during the quarter the revenue is recognized. Historically, warranty-related costs and related accruals have not been significant. The Company offers a general right of return on the MicroScribe ® product line for 14 days after purchase. The Company recognizes revenue at the time of shipment of a MicroScribe digitizer and provides an accrual for potential returns based on historical experience. No other general right of return is offered on its products. Development contract revenues are recognized under the cost-to-cost percentage-of-completion accounting method based on physical completion of the work to be performed. Losses on contracts are recognized when determined. Revisions in estimates are reflected in the period in which the conditions become known. The Companys revenue recognition policies are significant because the Companys revenues are a key component of its results of operations. In addition, the Companys revenue recognition determines the timing of certain expenses, such as commissions and royalties.
At March 31, 2005, the Company had no obligation to repay amounts received under development contracts with the U.S. government or other commercial customers.
7
Stock-Based Compensation - The Company accounts for its stock-based awards to employees using the intrinsic value method in accordance with Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and its related interpretations. The Company accounts for stock-based awards to non-employees in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123. Pro forma disclosures required under SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, as if the Company had adopted the fair value based method of accounting for stock options are as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Net loss as reported |
$ | (3,133 | ) | $ | (6,168 | ) | ||
Add: Stock-based employee compensation included in
reported net loss, net of related tax effects |
2 | 121 | ||||||
Less: Stock-based compensation expense determined
using fair value method, net of tax |
(1,207 | ) | (1,773 | ) | ||||
Net loss pro forma |
$ | (4,338 | ) | $ | (7,820 | ) | ||
Basic and diluted loss per common share as reported |
$ | (0.13 | ) | $ | (0.30 | ) | ||
Basic and diluted loss per common share pro forma |
$ | (0.18 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements - In March 2004, the EITF reached consensus on Issue No. 03-01, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and its Application to Certain Investments, to provide additional guidance in determining whether investment securities have an impairment that should be considered other-than-temporary. The adoption of this issue will not have an effect on the Companys operating results or financial condition.
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation awards issued to employees using the intrinsic value measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. Accordingly, no compensation expense has been recorded for stock options granted with exercise prices greater than or equal to the fair value of the underlying common stock at the option grant date. On December 16, 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payment. SFAS No. 123R eliminates the alternative of applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of Opinion 25 to stock compensation awards issued to employees. Rather, the new standard requires enterprises to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award. That cost will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award, known as the requisite service period (usually the vesting period).
SFAS No. 123R will be effective for the Companys fiscal quarter beginning January 1, 2006, and requires the use of the Modified Prospective Application Method. Under this method SFAS No. 123R is applied to new awards and to awards modified, repurchased, or cancelled after the effective date. Additionally, compensation cost for the portion of awards for which the requisite service has not been rendered (such as unvested options) that are outstanding as of the date of adoption shall be recognized as the remaining requisite services are rendered. The compensation cost relating to unvested awards at the date of adoption shall be based on the grant-date fair value of those awards as calculated for pro forma disclosures under the original SFAS No. 123. In addition, companies may use the Modified Retrospective Application Method. This method may be applied to all prior years for which the original SFAS No. 123 was effective or only to prior interim periods in the year of initial adoption. If the Modified Retrospective Application Method is applied, financial statements for prior periods shall be adjusted to give effect to the fair-value-based method of accounting for awards on a consistent basis with the pro forma disclosures required for those periods under the original SFAS No. 123.
The Company has not yet quantified the effects of the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, but it is expected that the new standard may result in significant stock-based compensation expense. The pro forma effects on net income and earnings per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of original SFAS No. 123 on stock compensation awards (rather than applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of Opinion 25) are disclosed above. Although such pro forma effects of applying original SFAS No. 123 may be indicative of the effects of adopting
8
SFAS No. 123R, the provisions of these two statements differ in some important respects. The actual effects of adopting SFAS No. 123R will be dependent on numerous factors including, but not limited to, the valuation model chosen by the Company to value stock-based awards; the assumed award forfeiture rate; the accounting policies adopted concerning the method of recognizing the fair value of awards over the requisite service period; and the transition method (as described above) chosen for adopting SFAS No. 123R.
2. INVENTORIES
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Raw materials and subassemblies |
$ | 1,730 | $ | 1,555 | ||||
Work in process |
18 | 8 | ||||||
Finished goods |
187 | 242 | ||||||
Total
|
$ | 1,935 | $ | 1,805 | ||||
3. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Computer equipment and purchased software |
$ | 2,472 | $ | 2,395 | ||||
Machinery and equipment |
2,156 | 2,132 | ||||||
Furniture and
fixtures |
1,338 | 1,337 | ||||||
Leasehold
improvements |
692 | 692 | ||||||
Total
|
6,658 | 6,556 | ||||||
Less accumulated depreciation |
(5,596 | ) | (5,382 | ) | ||||
Property and equipment, net |
$ | 1,062 | $ | 1,174 | ||||
4. INTANGIBLES AND OTHER ASSETS
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Patents and technology |
$ | 10,698 | $ | 10,453 | ||||
Other
intangibles
.. |
5,748 | 5,748 | ||||||
Other
assets
|
83 | 83 | ||||||
Gross intangibles and other assets |
16,529 | 16,284 | ||||||
Accumulated amortization of patents and technology |
(4,170 | ) | (3,973 | ) | ||||
Accumulated amortization of other intangibles |
(5,463 | ) | (5,293 | ) | ||||
Intangibles and other assets, net |
$ | 6,896 | $ | 7,018 | ||||
The estimated annual amortization expense for intangible assets as of March 31, 2005 is $1.6 million in 2005, $1.1 million in 2006, $1.1 million in 2007, $647,000 in 2008, $550,000 in 2009, and $2.2 million thereafter.
9
5. COMPONENTS OF OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES AND DEFERRED REVENUE AND CUSTOMER ADVANCES
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Accrued
legal |
$ | 393 | $ | 489 | ||||
Other current
liabilities |
1,377 | 1,513 | ||||||
Total other current liabilities |
$ | 1,770 | $ | 2,002 | ||||
Deferred
revenue |
$ | 4,248 | $ | 3,381 | ||||
Customer advances |
39 | 39 | ||||||
Total current deferred revenue and customer advances |
$ | 4,287 | $ | 3,420 | ||||
6. LONG-TERM DEBT
The components of long-term debt are as follows (in thousands):
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
5% Senior Subordinated Convertible Debenture |
$ | 16,977 | $ | 16,911 | ||||
Other |
14 | 16 | ||||||
Total |
16,991 | 16,927 | ||||||
Current portion |
(11 | ) | (10 | ) | ||||
Total long-term debt |
$ | 16,980 | $ | 16,917 | ||||
5% Senior Subordinated Convertible Debenture. On December 23, 2004, the Company issued an aggregate principal amount of $20.0 million of 5% Convertible Debentures. The 5% Convertible Debentures will mature on December 22, 2009. The amount payable at maturity of each 5% Convertible Debenture is the initial principal plus all accrued but unpaid interest thereon, to the extent such principal amount and interest has not been converted into common shares or previously paid in cash. The Company cannot prepay the 5% Convertible Debenture except as described below in Mandatory Conversion and Mandatory Redemption of 5% Convertible Debentures at the Companys Option. Commencing on December 23, 2004, interest accrues daily on the principal amount of the 5% Convertible Debenture at a rate of 5% per year. Interest is payable on the last day of each calendar quarter, commencing on March 31, 2005. Interest will cease to accrue on that portion of the 5% Convertible Debenture that is converted or paid, including pursuant to conversion right or redemption. The holder of a 5% Convertible Debenture has the right to convert the outstanding principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest in whole or in part into the Companys common shares at a price of $7.0265 per common share, the Conversion Price. In the event of a change of control, a holder may require the Company to redeem all or a portion of their 5% Convertible Debenture. This is referred to as the Put Option. The redeemed portion shall be redeemed at a price equal to the redeemed amount multiplied by (a) 110% of the principal amount of the 5% Convertible Debenture if the change of control occurs on or prior to December 23, 2005, (b) 105% of the principal amount of the 5% Convertible Debenture if the change of control occurs after December 23, 2005 and on or prior to December 23, 2006, or (c) 100% of the principal amount of the 5% Convertible Debenture if the change of control occurs after December 23, 2006. The Conversion Price will be reduced in certain instances where shares of common stock are sold or deemed to be sold at a price less than the applicable Conversion Price, including the issuance of certain options, the issuance of convertible securities, or the change in exercise price or rate of conversion for options or convertible securities. The Conversion Price will be proportionately adjusted if the Company subdivides (by stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, or otherwise) or combines (by combination, reverse stock split, or otherwise) one or more classes of its common stock. So long as any 5% Convertible Debentures are outstanding, the Company will not, nor will the Company permit any of its subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, incur or guarantee, assume or suffer to exist,
10
any indebtedness other than permitted indebtedness under the 5% Convertible Debenture agreement. If an event of default occurs, and is continuing with respect to any of the Companys 5% Convertible Debentures, the holder may, at its option, require the Company to redeem all or a portion of the 5% Convertible Debenture.
Mandatory Conversion and Mandatory Redemption of 5% Convertible Debentures at the Companys Option. Commencing on December 23, 2005, if the daily volume-weighted average price of the Companys common shares has been at or above 200% of the Conversion Price for at least 20 consecutive trading days and certain other conditions are met, the Company has the right to (i) require the holder of a 5% Convertible Debenture to convert the 5% Convertible Debenture in whole, including interest, into shares of the Companys common stock at a price of $7.0265 per common share, as may be adjusted under the debenture, as set forth and subject to the conditions in the 5% Convertible Debenture, or (ii) redeem the 5% Convertible Debenture. If the Company makes either of the foregoing elections with respect to any 5% Convertible Debenture, the Company must make the same election with respect to all 5% Convertible Debentures.
Warrants. On December 23, 2004, in connection with the issuance of the 5% Convertible Debentures, the Company issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 426,951 shares of its common stock at an exercise price of $7.0265. The warrants may be exercised at any time prior to 5:00 p.m. Eastern time, on December 23, 2009. Any warrants not exercised prior to such time will expire. The exercise price will be reduced in certain instances where shares of common stock are sold or deemed to be sold at a price less than the applicable exercise price, including the issuance of certain options, the issuance of convertible securities, or the change in exercise price or rate of conversion for option or convertible securities. The exercise price will be proportionately adjusted if the Company subdivides (by stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, or otherwise) or combines (by combination, reverse stock split, or otherwise) one or more classes of its common stock.
Registration Rights. On December 22, 2004, the Company entered into a Registration Rights Agreement. The agreement stipulates that the Company will promptly, following the closing but no later than 30 days after the closing date of the Purchase Agreement regarding the 5% Convertible Debentures and warrants, prepare and file with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3 covering the resale of the securities covered in the Purchase Agreement, the Registered Securities. In the event the Company does not meet the aforementioned deadline, the Company will be obligated to make pro rata payments to each investor, as liquidated damages, in the amount equal to 1.5% of the aggregate amount invested by such investor for each 30-day period or pro rata for any portion thereof following the filing deadline for which no registration statement is filed with respect to the Registered Securities. Additionally, if the registration statement covering the Registered Securities is not declared effective by the SEC by the earlier of (i) five (5) business days after the SEC shall have informed the Company that no review of the registration statement will be made or (ii) the 90th day after the closing date (or 120th day if the SEC reviews the registration statement), the Company will be obligated to make pro rata payments to each investor, as liquidated damages, in the amount equal to 1.5% of the aggregate amount invested by such investor for each 30-day period or pro rata for any portion thereof following the date the registration statement would have been effective. The registration statement went effective on April 18, 2005, within the 120th day after the closing date, having been reviewed by the SEC, and accordingly no liquidated damage payments are due.
The Company incurred approximately $1.3 million in issuance costs and other expenses in connection with the offering. This amount has been deferred and is being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 5% Convertible Debenture. Additionally, the Company evaluated the various instruments included in the agreements entered into on December 22, 2004 and allocated the relative fair values to be as follows: warrants $1.7 million, Put Option $0.1 million, Registration Rights $0.1 million, issuance costs $1.3 million, 5% Convertible Debenture $16.8 million. The 5% Convertible Debentures will be accreted to $20.0 million over their five-year life, resulting in additional interest expense. The value of the warrants has been included in Stockholders Deficit, the value of the Put Option and Registration Rights have been recorded as a liability and are subject to future value adjustments, and the value of the 5% Convertible Debentures have been recorded as long-term debt.
Annual maturities of long-term debt at March 31, 2005 are as follows (in thousands):
2005 |
$ | 7 | ||
2006 |
6 | |||
2007 |
| |||
2008 |
| |||
2009 |
20,000 | |||
Total |
$ | 20,013 | ||
11
7. LONG-TERM DEFERRED REVENUE
At March 31, 2005 long-term deferred revenue included a payment of approximately $7.0 million of compulsory license fees from Sony Computer Entertainment pursuant to Court rulings on January 10 and February 9, 2005. Due to the contingent nature of the court-order payment made by Sony Computer Entertainment, the Company will not record any revenue or interest associated with this payment as revenue or income until such time as the contingency lapses.
8. LONG-TERM CUSTOMER ADVANCE FROM MICROSOFT
On July 25, 2003, the Company contemporaneously executed a series of agreements with Microsoft Corporation (Microsoft) that (1) settled the Companys lawsuit against Microsoft, (2) granted Microsoft a worldwide royalty-free, irrevocable license to the Companys portfolio of patents (the License Agreement) in exchange for a payment of $19.9 million, (3) provided Microsoft with sublicense rights to pursue certain license arrangements directly with third parties including Sony Computer Entertainment which, if consummated, would result in payments to the Company (the Sublicense Rights), and conveyed to Microsoft the right to a payment of cash in the event of a settlement within certain parameters of the Companys patent litigation against Sony Computer Entertainment of America, Inc. and Sony Computer Entertainment, Inc. (collectively, Sony Computer Entertainment, the Participation Rights) in exchange for a payment of $0.1 million, (4) issued Microsoft shares of the Companys Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock for a payment of $6.0 million, and (5) granted the Company the right to sell debentures of $9.0 million to Microsoft under the terms and conditions established in newly authorized 7% Senior Redeemable Convertible Debentures (7% Debentures) with annual draw down rights over a 48-month period.
Under these agreements, in the event of a settlement of the Sony Computer Entertainment litigation under certain terms, the Company will be required to make a cash payment to Microsoft of (i) an amount to be determined based on the settlement proceeds, and (ii) any funds received from Microsoft under the 7% Debentures. As discussed in Note 14, regarding the Sony Computer Entertainment litigation, the Court entered judgment in the Companys favor and awarded the Company $82.0 million in past damages and pre judgment interest in the amount of $8.7 million. The Company expects that the judgment entered based upon the jury verdict to be appealed; the Company intends to continue pursuit of the litigation.
On April 2, 2004, Microsoft Corporation elected to convert 2,185,792 shares of Series A Preferred Stock into 2,185,792 shares of common stock pursuant to Section 5 (c) of the Certificate of Designation of the Powers, Preferences and Rights of Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock. This conversion eliminated certain obligations, such as the mandatory redemption buy-back provision, the obligation to make dividend payments, and certain operational limitations.
In the event of a settlement of the Sony Computer Entertainment litigation, the Company will realize and retain net cash proceeds received from Sony Computer Entertainment only to the extent that settlement proceeds exceed the amounts due Microsoft for its Participation Rights and any outstanding 7% Debentures and interest as specified above. Under certain circumstances related to a Company initiated settlement with Sony Computer Entertainment, the Company would be obligated to pay Microsoft a minimum of $15.0 million. In the event of an unfavorable judicial resolution or a dismissal or withdrawal by Immersion of the lawsuit meeting certain conditions, the Company would not be required to make any payments to Microsoft except pursuant to the payment provisions relating to any outstanding 7% Debentures.
Under the terms of the Senior Redeemable Convertible Debentures agreement, the Company can sell up to $3.0 million of the 7% Debentures the first year and $2.0 million per year for the following three years. Debenture proceeds may only be used to finance the Sony Computer Entertainment litigation. The 7% Debentures are callable by Microsoft after three years at 110%. They are also callable by Microsoft upon settlement of the Sony Computer Entertainment litigation at 125% of par. The 7% Debentures are convertible into common stock at 364 shares/$1,000 face value (based on $2.745 per share). Under certain specified circumstances, including the acquisition of the Company, any outstanding 7% Debentures would become immediately due and payable. The Company has, to date, not sold any 7% Debentures.
The $26.0 million received from Microsoft, as described above, plus an additional $1.4 million related to accretion and cumulative dividends had been reflected as a liability in the financial statements as of March 31, 2004. Upon Microsofts election to convert its shares of the Companys Series A Preferred Stock into common stock in April 2004, the Company reduced the long-term customer advance from Microsoft to the minimum $15.0 million obligation the Company would be obligated to pay Microsoft upon a settlement with Sony Computer Entertainment. The remainder of
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consideration of $12.4 million was transferred to common stock when Microsoft elected to convert the Series A Preferred Stock to common stock.
9. RESTRUCTURING COSTS
The Company accounts for restructuring costs in accordance with SFAS No. 146 Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit of Disposal Activities. Restructuring costs of $185,000 incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2005 consisted of severance benefits paid as a result of a reduction in workforce. Employees from manufacturing, sales and marketing, research and development, and general and administrative were included in the reduction in force. We did not incur any additional charges related to the aforementioned reduction in force and do not anticipate any further costs in future periods related to this reduction in force.
Restructuring costs for the three months ended March 31, 2005 were as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2005 | ||||||||||||||||
Restructuring | ||||||||||||||||
Restructuring | costs expensed | Restructuring | Restructuring | |||||||||||||
costs unpaid as | in the three | costs paid | costs unpaid as | |||||||||||||
of December | months ended | through | of | |||||||||||||
31, 2004 | March 31, 2005 | March 31, 2005 | March 31, 2005 | |||||||||||||
Nature of Restructuring Costs: |
||||||||||||||||
Reduction in Force |
$ | | $ | 185,000 | $ | 185,000 | $ | | ||||||||
10. NET LOSS PER SHARE
The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Numerator: |
||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (3,133 | ) | $ | (6,168 | ) | ||
Denominator: |
||||||||
Shares used in computation, basic and diluted
(weighted average common shares outstanding) |
23,663 | 20,791 | ||||||
Net loss per share, basic and diluted |
$ | (0.13 | ) | $ | (0.30 | ) | ||
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For the above-mentioned periods, the Company had securities outstanding that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share in the future, but were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share in the periods presented since their effect would have been anti-dilutive. These outstanding securities consisted of the following:
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Outstanding stock options |
7,911,063 | 8,329,906 | ||||||
Warrants |
778,494 | 480,943 | ||||||
Series A Redeemable
Convertible
Preferred
Stock |
| 2,185,792 | ||||||
5% Senior
Subordinated
Convertible
Debentures |
2,846,363 | |
11. INCOME TAXES
For the three months ended March 31, 2005, the Company recorded a provision for income taxes of $65,000, yielding an effective tax rate of (2.1)%. The provision for income tax was based on federal alternative minimum income tax payable on taxable income. Although the Company incurred a pre-tax loss, sums received from Sony Computer Entertainment included in long term deferred revenue, approximating $7 million in the first three months of 2005, created alternative minimum taxable income.
At December 31, 2004, the Company had federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of $77.0 million and $28.6 million, respectively, expiring from 2011 through 2024 and from 2007 through 2014, respectively.
Among the net operating loss carryforwards, approximately $4.0 million and $2.0 million of federal and state net operating loss carryforwards were generated prior to 1999. These losses can be used to offset future taxable income. Usage is limited to approximately $16.4 million annually, due to an ownership change which occurred during 1999. The extent to which the net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards since 1999 that can be used to offset future taxable income and tax liabilities, respectively, may be limited, depending on the extent of ownership changes within any subsequent three-year period. In the three months ended March 31, 2005, the Company evaluated ownership changes after 1999 and determined that there were no further limitations on the Companys net operating loss carryforwards. Approximately $10.6 million of federal and state net operating loss carryforwards related to pre-acquisition losses from acquired subsidiaries can be used to offset future taxable income. Usage will be limited to approximately $1.1 million annually.
12. COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
The following table sets forth the components of comprehensive loss (in thousands):
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Net loss
|
$ | (3,133 | ) | $ | (6,168 | ) | ||
Foreign currency
translation
adjustment
|
(1 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||
Total comprehensive
loss
|
$ | (3,134 | ) | $ | (6,172 | ) | ||
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13. SEGMENT INFORMATION, OPERATIONS BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA, AND SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS
The Company develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of hardware and software technologies that let users interact with digital devices using their sense of touch. The Company focuses on four application areas mobility, gaming, industrial, and medical. The Company manages these application areas under two operating and reportable segments: 1) Immersion Computing, Entertainment, and Industrial, and 2) Immersion Medical.
The Companys chief operating decision maker (CODM) is the Chief Executive Officer. The CODM allocates resources to and assesses the performance of each operating segment using information about their revenue and operating profit before interest and taxes. A description of the types of products and services provided by each operating segment is as follows:
Immersion Computing, Entertainment, and Industrial develops and markets force feedback technologies that enable software and hardware developers to bring realism into their computing and entertainment experience and industrial applications. Immersion Medical develops, manufactures, and markets medical simulators that recreate realistic healthcare environments.
The following tables display information about our reportable segments:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||
Immersion Computing, Entertainment, and Industrial |
$ | 3,650 | $ | 3,403 | ||||
Immersion Medical |
2,218 | 1,995 | ||||||
Intersegment eliminations |
(96 | ) | (43 | ) | ||||
Total |
$ | 5,772 | $ | 5,355 | ||||
Net Loss: |
||||||||
Immersion Computing, Entertainment, and Industrial |
$ | (2,384 | ) | $ | (5,478 | ) | ||
Immersion Medical |
(707 | ) | (713 | ) | ||||
Intersegment eliminations |
(42 | ) | 23 | |||||
Total |
$ | (3,133 | ) | $ | (6,168 | ) | ||
Included in net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2005 are restructuring costs of $59,000 for the Immersion Computing, Entertainment, and Industrial segment and $126,000 for the Immersion Medical segment. No further costs are expected to be incurred with respect to the restructuring.
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Total Assets: |
||||||||
Immersion Computing, Entertainment, and Industrial |
$ | 57,754 | $ | 55,145 | ||||
Immersion Medical |
6,915 | 5,989 | ||||||
Intersegment eliminations |
(20,770 | ) | (18,884 | ) | ||||
Total |
$ | 43,899 | $ | 42,250 | ||||
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Intersegment eliminations represent eliminations for intercompany sales and cost of sales and intercompany receivables and payables between Immersion Computing, Entertainment, and Industrial and Immersion Medical segments.
The Company operates primarily in the United States, and in Canada where it operates through its wholly owned subsidiary, Immersion Canada. Segment assets and expenses relating to the Companys corporate operations are not allocated but are included in Immersion Computing, Entertainment, and Industrial as that is how they are considered for management evaluation purposes. As a result, the segment information may not be indicative of the financial position or results of operations that would have been achieved had these segments operated as unaffiliated entities. Management measures the performance of each segment based on several metrics, including net loss. These results are used, in part, to evaluate the performance of, and allocate resources to, each of the segments.
REVENUE BY PRODUCT LINES
Information regarding revenue from external customers by product lines is as follows:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||
Consumer, Computing, and
Entertainment
|
$ | 1,825 | $ | 1,218 | ||||
3D and Professional
Products |
1,298 | 1,473 | ||||||
Automotive |
332 | 519 | ||||||
Other |
126 | 164 | ||||||
Subtotal Immersion
Computing, Entertainment,
and Industrial |
3,581 | 3,374 | ||||||
Immersion
Medical |
2,191 | 1,981 | ||||||
Total |
||||||||
$ | 5,772 | $ | 5,355 | |||||
REVENUE BY REGION
The following is a summary of revenues by geographic areas. Revenues are broken out geographically by the ship-to location of the customer. Geographic revenue as a percentage of total revenue was as follows:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
North
America
|
78 | % | 69 | % | ||||
Europe
|
14 | % | 19 | % | ||||
Far
East
|
5 | % | 11 | % | ||||
Rest of the
world
|
3 | % | 1 | % | ||||
Total |
||||||||
100 | % | 100 | % | |||||
The Company derived 74% and 69% of its total revenues from the United States for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 respectively. Revenues from other countries represented less than 10% individually for the periods presented.
The majority of the Companys long-lived assets are located in the United States. Long-lived assets include net
16
property and equipment and long-term investments and other assets. Long-lived assets that were outside the United States constituted less than 10% of the total at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS
Customers comprising 10% or greater of the Companys net revenues are summarized as follows:
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Customer
A
|
15 | % | * | |||||
Customer
B
|
19 | % | 17 | % | ||||
Total
|
34 | % | 17 | % | ||||
* | Revenue derived from customer represented less than 10% for the period. |
Of the significant customers noted above, Customer B accounted for 40% and 27% of the Companys accounts receivable at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively.
14. CONTINGENCIES
In re Immersion Corporation
The Company is involved in legal proceedings relating to a class action lawsuit filed on November 9, 2001, In re Immersion Corporation Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation, No. Civ. 01-9975 (S.D.N.Y.), related to In re Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation, No. 21 MC 92 (S.D.N.Y.). The named defendants are the Company and three of its current or former officers or directors (the Immersion Defendants), and certain underwriters of the Companys November 12, 1999 initial public offering (IPO). Subsequently, two of the individual defendants stipulated to a dismissal without prejudice.
The operative amended complaint is brought on purported behalf of all persons who purchased the common stock of the Company from the date of the IPO through December 6, 2000. It alleges liability under Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, on the grounds that the registration statement for the IPO did not disclose that: (1) the underwriters agreed to allow certain customers to purchase shares in the IPO in exchange for excess commissions to be paid to the underwriters; and (2) the underwriters arranged for certain customers to purchase additional shares in the aftermarket at predetermined prices. The complaint also appears to allege that false or misleading analyst reports were issued. The complaint does not claim any specific amount of damages.
Similar allegations were made in other lawsuits challenging over 300 other initial public offerings and follow-on offerings conducted in 1999 and 2000. The cases were consolidated for pretrial purposes. On February 19, 2003, the Court ruled on all defendants motions to dismiss. The motion was denied as to claims under the Securities Act of 1933 in the case involving Immersion, as well as in all other cases (except for 10 cases). The motion was denied as to the claim under Section 10(b) as to Immersion, on the basis that the complaint alleged that Immersion had made acquisition(s) following the IPO. The motion was granted as to the claim under Section 10(b), but denied as to the claim under Section 20(a), as to the remaining individual defendant.
The Company and most of the issuer defendants have settled with the plaintiffs. In this settlement, plaintiffs have dismissed and released all claims against the Immersion Defendants, in exchange for a contingent payment by the insurance companies collectively responsible for insuring the issuers in all of the IPO cases, and for the assignment or surrender of certain claims the Company may have against the underwriters. The Immersion Defendants will not be required to make any cash payments in the settlement, unless the pro rata amount paid by the insurers in the settlement exceeds the amount of the insurance coverage, a circumstance which the Company believes is remote. The settlement will require approval of the Court, which cannot be assured, after class members are given the opportunity to object to the settlement or opt out of the settlement. The Court has set a hearing date of January 9, 2006, to consider final approval of the settlement.
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Immersion Corporation vs. Microsoft Corporation, Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. and Sony Computer Entertainment of America, Inc.
On February 11, 2002, the Company filed a complaint against Microsoft Corporation, Sony Computer Entertainment, Inc., and Sony Computer Entertainment of America, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District Court of California alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 5,889,672 and 6,275,213. The case was assigned to United States District Judge Claudia Wilken. On April 4, 2002, Sony Computer Entertainment and Microsoft answered the complaint by denying the material allegations and alleging counterclaims seeking a judicial declaration that the asserted patents were invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed. Under the counterclaims, the defendants were also seeking damages for attorneys fees. On October 8, 2002, the Company filed an amended complaint, withdrawing the claim under the U.S. Patent No. 5,889,672 and adding claims under a new patent, U.S. Patent No. 6,424,333.
On July 28, 2003, the Company announced that it had settled its legal differences with Microsoft, and Immersion and Microsoft agreed to dismiss all claims and counterclaims relating to this matter as well as assume financial responsibility for their respective legal costs with respect to the lawsuit between Immersion and Microsoft.
On August 16, 2004, the trial against the Sony Computer Entertainment Defendants commenced. On September 21, 2004, the jury returned its verdict in favor of Immersion. The jury found all the asserted claims of the patents valid and infringed. The jury awarded Immersion damages in the amount of $82.0 million. On January 10, 2005, the Court awarded Immersion prejudgment interest on the damages the jury awarded at the applicable prime rate. The Court further ordered Sony Computer Entertainment to pay Immersion a compulsory license fee at the rate of 1.37%, the ratio of the verdict amount to the amount of sales of infringing products, effective as of July 1, 2004 and through the date of judgment. On February 9, 2005, the Court ordered that Sony Computer Entertainment provide Immersion with sales data 15 days after the end of each quarter and clarifying that Sony Computer Entertainment shall make the ordered payment 45 days after the end of the applicable quarter. The Court denied Sony Computer Entertainments request that payment be made to an escrow instead of directly to Immersion.
On February 9, 2005, Sony Computer Entertainment filed a Notice of Appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit to appeal the Courts January 10, 2005 order, and on February 10, 2005 Sony Computer Entertainment filed an Amended Notice of Appeal to include an appeal from the Courts February 9, 2005 order. Thereafter, Sony filed a motion with the Federal Circuit to stay payment of the compulsory license until the appeal is decided. On April 7, 2005, the Federal Circuit denied Sonys motion to stay on procedural grounds. Immersion also moved to dismiss Sonys appeal on the grounds that a separate appeal from the January 10, 2005 and February 10, 2005 orders after entry of judgment was not proper. The Federal Circuit has not yet decided this motion, and no date has been set yet for a hearing on Sonys appeal of the January 10, 2005 and February 10, 2005 orders should it proceed. On February 14, 2005, Sony Computer Entertainment made a payment to Immersion pursuant to the Courts orders. Although Immersion has received the payment, the Company may be required to return this and any future payments based on the outcome of an appeals process.
On January 5 and 6, 2005, the Court also held a bench trial on Defendants remaining allegations that the 333 patent was not enforceable due to alleged inequitable conduct. On March 24, 2005, the Court resolved this issue, entering a written order finding in favor of Immersion. On March 24, 2005, Judge Wilken also entered judgment in Immersions favor and awarded Immersion $82.0 million in past damages, and pre-judgment interest in the amount of $8.7 million, for a total of $90.7 million. Immersion was also awarded its court costs. Court costs do not include attorneys fees.
Additionally, the Court issued a permanent injunction against the manufacture, use, sale, or import into the United States of the infringing Sony PlayStation system consisting of the PlayStation consoles, Dual Shock controllers, and the 47 games found by the jury to infringe Immersions patents. The Court stayed the permanent injunction pending appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. The Court further ordered Sony to pay a compulsory license fee at the rate of 1.37% for the duration of the stay of the permanent injunction at the same rate and conditions as previously awarded in its interim January 10, 2005 and February 9, 2005 Orders. On April 7, 2005 pursuant to a stipulation of the parties, the Court entered an Amended Judgment to clarify that the Judgment in favor of Immersion and against Sony also encompassed Sonys counterclaims for declaratory relief on invalidity and unenforceability, as well as non-infringement.
Sony Computer Entertainment also has filed further motions seeking judgment as a matter of a law (JMOL) or for a new trial, and a motion for a stay of an accounting and execution of the judgment. These motions are currently set for hearing on May 13, 2005. The Company expects that when these motions are resolved, Sony will appeal the judgment to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. On April 27, 2005, the Court granted Sonys request to approve a supersedeas bond, secured by a cash deposit with the Court in the amount of $102.5 million, to obtain a stay of
18
enforcement of the Courts Amended Judgment pending appeal. Sonys motion for a stay pending appeal of the judgment without any security, or with an alternate form of security, remains pending.
The Company expects that Sony Computer Entertainment will appeal the judgment that is entered based on the jury verdict to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the Company cannot accurately predict how the Court of Appeals would decide an appeal. The Company anticipates that the litigation will continue to be costly, and there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to recover the costs we incur in connection with the litigation. The Company expenses litigation costs as incurred and only accrues for costs that have been incurred but not paid to the vendor as of the financial statement date. The litigation has diverted, and is likely to continue to divert, the efforts and attention of some of the Companys key management and personnel. As a result, until such time as it is resolved, the litigation could adversely affect the Companys business. Further, any unfavorable outcome could adversely affect the Companys business.
In the event the Company settles its lawsuit with Sony Computer Entertainment, the Company will be obligated to pay certain sums to Microsoft as described in Note 8. If Sony Computer Entertainment ultimately were successful on further post-trial motions or on appeal, the assets relating to the patents in the lawsuit may be impaired, and Sony Computer Entertainment may seek additional relief, such as attorneys fees.
On October 20, 2004, Internet Services LLC, an Immersion licensee and cross-claim defendant against whom Sony Computer Entertainment had filed a claim seeking declaratory relief, filed claims against Immersion alleging that Immersion breached a contract with ISLLC by suing Sony Computer Entertainment for patent infringement relating to haptically-enabled software whose topics or images are allegedly age restricted, for judicial apportionment of damages awarded by the jury between ISLLC and Immersion, and for a judicial declaration with respect to ISLLCs rights and duties under agreements with Immersion. On December 29, 2004, the Court issued an order dismissing ISLLCs claims against Sony Computer Entertainment with prejudice and dismissing ISLLCs claims against Immersion without prejudice to ISLLC filing a new complaint if it can do so in good faith without contradicting, or repeating the deficiency of, its complaint. On January 12, 2005, ISLLC filed Amended Cross-Claims and Counterclaims against Immersion that contained similar claims. ISLLC also realleged counterclaims against Sony Computer Entertainment. On January 28, 2005, Immersion filed a motion to dismiss ISLLCs Amended Cross-Claims and a motion to strike ISLLCs Counterclaims against Sony Computer Entertainment. On March 24, 2005 the Court issued an order dismissing ISLLCs claims with prejudice as to ISLLCs claim seeking a declaratory judgment that it is an exclusive licensee under the 213 and 333 patents and as to ISLLCs claim seeking judicial apportionment of the damages verdict in the Sony case. The Courts order further dismissed ISLLCs claims without prejudice as to ISLLCs breach of contract and unjust enrichment claims. ISLLC filed a notice of appeal of those orders with the Federal Circuit on April 18, 2005.
Immersion Corporation vs. Electro Source LLC
On September 24, 2004, the Company filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California a complaint for patent infringement against Electro Source LLC (Case No. 04-CV-4040 CW). Electro Source is a leading seller of video game peripherals under the Pelican Accessories brand. Immersions Complaint alleges that Electro Source has willfully infringed, and continues to willfully infringe, the same two patents asserted in the Companys litigation against Sony Computer Entertainment. The Complaint seeks injunctive relief, as well as damages in an amount to be proven at trial, trebled due to Electro Sources willful infringement, and attorneys fees and costs. Electro Source filed an answer to the Complaint denying the material allegations and asserting against Immersion counterclaims seeking a judicial declaration that the asserted patents are invalid, unenforceable, and not infringed.
On February 3, 2005, the Court entered a Case Management Order that set pretrial dates relating to discovery and other matters and scheduled trial to begin June 5, 2006. The parties are in the process of conducting discovery. The Company intends to vigorously pursue its claims against Electro Source.
Other Contingencies
The Company has received claims from third parties asserting that the Companys technologies, or those of its licensees, infringe on the other parties intellectual property rights. Management believes that these claims are without merit. The Company from time to time is involved in routine legal matters and contractual disputes incidental to its normal operations. In managements opinion, the resolution of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Companys consolidated financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.
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In the normal course of business, the Company provides indemnifications of varying scope to customers against claims of intellectual property infringement made by third parties arising from the use of the Companys intellectual property, technology, or products. Historically, costs related to these guarantees have not been significant, and the Company is unable to estimate the maximum potential impact of these guarantees on its future results of operations. The Company has received a claim from one of its major licensees requesting indemnification from a patent infringement allegation. The Company has reviewed this demand and believes that it is without merit. Such claim could result in litigation, however, which could be costly and time-consuming to defend. Further, the Companys business could be adversely affected if the Company was unsuccessful in defending against the claim.
As permitted under Delaware law, the Company has agreements whereby it indemnifies its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was, serving at its request in such capacity. The term of the indemnification period is for the officers or directors lifetime. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, the Company currently has director and officer insurance coverage that limits its exposure and enables it to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. Management believes the estimated fair value of these indemnification agreements in excess of applicable insurance coverage is minimal.
See also Note 6 regarding contingencies relating to the 5% Senior Subordinated Convertible Debenture.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements are identified by words such as anticipates, believes, expects, intends, may, will, and other similar expressions. However, these words are not the only way we identify forward-looking statements. In addition, any statements, which refer to expectations, projections, or other characterizations of future events, or circumstances, are forward-looking statements. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including those set forth below in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Factors That May Affect Future Results, those described elsewhere in this report, and those described in our other reports filed with the SEC. We caution you not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report, and we undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements after the filing of this report. You are urged to review carefully and consider our various disclosures in this report and in our other reports filed with the SEC that attempt to advise you of the risks and factors that may affect our business.
OVERVIEW
We are a leading provider of haptic technology that brings the sense of touch to a wide variety of markets. We develop, manufacture, license, and support a wide range of hardware and software technologies that let users interact with digital devices using their sense of touch. We focus on four application areas mobility, gaming, industrial, and medical. We manage these application areas under two operating and reportable segments: 1) Immersion Computing, Entertainment, and Industrial, and 2) Immersion Medical.
In markets where our touch technology is a small piece of a larger system (such as mobile phones, consumer gaming peripherals, and automotive interfaces), we license our technologies to third party manufacturers who integrate our technology into their products and resell it under their own brand names. In other markets, where our touch technology is a complete system (like medical simulation systems and three-dimensional and professional products) or electronic components, we manufacture and sell products under our own Immersion brand name, through direct sales, distributors, and value added resellers. In all market areas, we also engage in development projects for third parties and government agencies from time to time.
Our objective is to proliferate our technologies across markets, platforms, and applications so that touch and feel become as common as color, graphics, and sound in modern user interfaces. Immersion and its wholly owned subsidiaries hold more than 270 issued patents and have more than 280 pending patent applications worldwide, covering various aspects of hardware and software technologies.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). The preparation of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, bad debts, warranty obligations, patents and intangible assets, inventories, contingencies, and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements:
We recognize revenues in accordance with applicable accounting standards including Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 104, Revenue Recognition, EITF Issue No. 00-21, Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables, and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (the AICPA) Statement of Position (SOP) 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended. Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement
21
exists, delivery has occurred or service has been rendered, the fee is fixed and determinable, and collectibility is probable. We derive our revenues from three principal sources: royalty and license fees, product sales, and development contracts. We recognize royalty and license revenue based on royalty reports or related information received from the licensee as well as time-based licenses of our intellectual property portfolio. Up-front payments under license agreements are deferred and recognized as revenue based on either the royalty reports received or amortized over the license period depending on the nature of the agreement. Advance payments under license agreements that also require us to provide future services to the licensee are deferred and recognized over the service period when vendor specific objective evidence related to the value of the services does not exist. We generally license and recognize revenue from our licensees under one or a combination of the following license models:
License revenue model | Revenue recognition | ||||
Perpetual license of intellectual
property portfolio based on per unit
royalties, no services contracted.
|
Based on royalty reports received from licensees. No further obligations to licensee exist. | ||||
Time-based license of intellectual
property portfolio with up-front
payments and/or annual minimum
royalty requirements, no services
contracted.
|
Based on straight-line amortization of annual minimum/up-front payment recognized over contract period or annual minimum period. No further obligations to licensee exist. | ||||
Perpetual license of intellectual
property portfolio or technology
license along with contract for
development work.
|
Based on cost-to-cost percentage-of-completion accounting method over the service period. Obligation to licensee exists until development work is complete. | ||||
License of software or technology, no
modification necessary.
|
Up-front revenue recognition based on SOP 97-2 criteria or EITF 00-21, as applicable. | ||||
Individual contracts may have characteristics that do not fall within a specific license model or may have characteristics of a combination of license models. Under those circumstances, we recognize revenue in accordance with SAB No. 104, EITF No. 00-21, and SOP 97-2, as amended, to guide the accounting treatment for each individual contract. If the information received from our licensees regarding royalties is incorrect or inaccurate, our revenues in future periods may be adversely affected. To date, none of the information we have received from our licensees has caused any material reduction in future period revenues. We recognize revenues from product sales when the product is shipped, provided collection is determined to be probable and no significant obligation remains. We sell the majority of our products with warranties ranging from three to twenty-four months. We record the estimated warranty costs during the quarter the revenue is recognized. Historically, warranty-related costs and related accruals have not been significant. We offer a general right of return on the MicroScribe product line for 14 days after purchase. We recognize revenue at the time of shipment of a MicroScribe system and provide an accrual for potential returns based on historical experience. No other general right of return is offered on our products. Development contract revenues are recognized under the cost-to-cost percentage-of-completion accounting method based on physical completion of the work to be performed. Losses on contracts are recognized when determined. Revisions in estimates are reflected in the period in which the conditions become known. Our revenue recognition policies are significant because our revenues are a key component of our results of operations. In addition, our revenue recognition determines the timing of certain expenses, such as commissions and royalties. Revenue results are difficult to predict, and any shortfall in revenue or delay in recognizing revenue could cause our operating results to vary significantly from quarter to quarter and could result in greater or future operating losses.
In 2003 we executed a series of agreements with Microsoft Corporation as described in Note 8 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements that provided for settlement of our lawsuit against Microsoft as well as various licensing, sublicensing, and equity and financing arrangements. We accounted for the proceeds received under the agreements as a long-term customer advance based on certain provisions that would result in payment of funds to Microsoft. Upon Microsofts election to convert its shares of our Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock (Series A Preferred Stock) into common stock in April 2004, we reduced the long-term customer advance from Microsoft to the minimum obligation we would be obligated to pay Microsoft upon a settlement with Sony Computer Entertainment. The remainder of consideration was transferred to common stock when Microsoft elected to convert the Series A Preferred Stock to common stock.
In December 2004 we issued convertible debt and warrants to purchase common stock. We executed a series of agreements as described in Note 6 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financials statements that provide for the
22
issuance of 5% Senior Subordinated Convertible Debentures (5% Convertible Debenture), and warrants, and that grant certain registration rights to the holders of the 5% Convertible Debentures (Registration Rights). We accounted for the issuance of our 5% Convertible Debentures and related warrants in accordance with EITF No. 98-5, Accounting for Convertible Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features or Contingently Adjustable Conversion Ratios and other related accounting guidance. We estimated the relative fair value of the various instruments included in the agreements entered into in December 2004 and allocated the relative fair values to be as follows: warrants $1.7 million, Put Option $0.1 million, Registration Rights $0.1 million, issuance costs $1.3 million, 5% Convertible Debenture $16.8 million. The 5% Convertible Debentures will be accreted to $20.0 million over their five-year life, resulting in additional interest expense. The value of the warrants has been included in Stockholders Deficit, the value of the Put Option and Registration Rights have been recorded as a liability and are subject to future value adjustments, and the value of the 5% Convertible Debentures have been recorded as long-term debt.
We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from our review and assessment of our customers ability to make required payments. If the financial condition of one or more of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances might be required. To date such estimated losses have been within our expectations.
We provide for estimated costs of future anticipated product returns and warranty obligations based on historical experience when related revenues are recognized and defer warranty related revenue over the related warranty term.
We have acquired patents and other intangibles. Our business acquisitions typically result in goodwill and other intangible assets. In addition, we capitalize the external legal and filing fees associated with patents and trademarks. We assess the recoverability of our goodwill and other intangible assets, and we must make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors to determine the fair value of the respective assets that affect our consolidated financial statements. If these estimates or related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record impairment charges for these assets. We amortize our intangible assets related to patents and trademarks, once they issue, over their estimated useful lives, generally 10 years. Future changes in the estimated useful life could affect the amount of future period amortization expense that we will incur. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, we capitalized external costs associated with patents and trademarks of $245,000, and our amortization expense for the same period, for those capitalized costs, was $52,000.
The above listing is not intended to be a comprehensive list of all of our accounting policies. In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, with no need for managements judgment in their application. There are also areas in which managements judgment in selecting any available alternative would not produce a materially different result.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2005 AND 2004
Overview
We achieved an 8% increase in revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2005 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2004. Increased royalty and license revenue, and increased product sales, most notably gaming royalty and license revenue and medical product revenues, contributed to the three-month year-over-year growth. Investments made in the sales and marketing area continue to contribute to our ability to penetrate new and existing markets and build greater market acceptance for our touch technologies. We incurred a net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2005 of $3.1 million, a decrease of 49% from our $6.2 million net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2004. The decrease in the net loss was primarily due to a decrease in litigation expenses incurred during the first three months of 2005 compared to the first three months of 2004, primarily related to our patent infringement litigation against Sony Computer Entertainment.
As of March 31, 2005, our cash and cash equivalents were $26.9 million. During the fourth quarter of 2004, we raised $20 million to fund longer-term growth opportunities and protect and defend our intellectual property. In addition, in February 2005, Sony Computer Entertainment made a payment of approximately $7.0 million to us pursuant to Courts orders of January 10, 2005 and February 9, 2005.
During the remainder of 2005, we expect to focus on the execution of sales and marketing plans in our established businesses to increase revenue and make selected investments in product and technology development for longer-term new growth areas. We have taken measures to control our operating expenses including a reduction in force of approximately 10% in early 2005 and we expect litigation expenses to continue to decrease in 2005 as compared to 2004.
23
Although we will focus on reducing operating expenses, we have budgeted to continue to protect and defend our extensive intellectual property portfolio across all business segments. However, our success could be limited by several factors, including the timely release of our new products or our licensees products, continued market acceptance of our products and technology, the introduction of new products by existing or new competitors, and the cost of ongoing litigation. For a further discussion of these and other risk factors, see the section titled Factors That May Affect Future Results.
March 31, | ||||||||||||
REVENUES | 2005 | 2004 | Change | |||||||||
($ In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Three months ended: |
||||||||||||
Royalty and
license |
$ | 2,471 | $ | 1,831 | 35 | % | ||||||
Product
sales
|
2,695 | 2,444 | 10 | % | ||||||||
Development contracts and other |
606 | 1,080 | (44 | )% | ||||||||
Total
Revenue
|
$ | 5,772 | $ | 5,355 | 8 | % | ||||||
Three Months ended March 31, 2005 compared to three months ended March 31, 2004
Total Revenue. Our total revenue for the first three months of fiscal 2005 increased by $417,000 or 8% from the first three months of fiscal 2004.
Royalty and license revenue. Royalty and license revenue is comprised of royalties earned on sales by our TouchSense licensees and license fees charged for our intellectual property portfolio. Royalty and license revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2005 was $2.5 million, an increase of $640,000 or 35% from the three months ended March 31, 2004. The increase in royalty and license revenue was primarily due to an increase in gaming royalties of $674,000, offset by a decrease in medical license fees of $28,000, and a decrease in automotive royalties of $16,000. The increase in gaming royalties was mainly due to increased third-party market share of aftermarket game console controllers, increased growth in the game console controller market, and the addition of new licensees. In the console peripheral business, many of our third-party licensees from whom we earn per unit royalties enjoyed the benefits of new premium product introductions and significant market share growth in the first three months of 2005 at the expense of first-party peripheral makers (i.e., Sony, Microsoft, and Nintendo). Third-party peripheral makers market share tends to increase as consoles near end of life. Next-generation consoles are expected to be introduced in late 2005 and early 2006 and hence, we expect, third-party royalties will likely decline once new consoles are introduced and market share shifts back to first-party peripheral makers. In the PC gaming peripheral business, the overall industry again declined but this decline was more than offset by the aforementioned gains in the console peripheral business. The decrease in royalty and license revenue from our medical licensees was primarily due to a reduction in license revenue recognized on our license and development agreements with Medtronic.
Product sales. Product sales for the three months ended March 31, 2005 were $2.7 million, an increase of $251,000 or 10% as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2004. The increase in product sales was primarily due to increased medical product sales of $591,000, mainly due to increased sales of our endovascular and CathSim simulator platforms. This was a result of focusing sales force resources on selling training simulator products to hospitals and teaching institutions. Additionally, as the market acceptance of medical simulation has increased, we have transformed our model for our medical business into one that emphasizes product development and product sales as opposed to development contracts. Offsetting this was a decrease in product sales from 3D and professional products for the three months ended March 31, 2005 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2004 by $289,000, primarily due to decreased sales of our CyberGlove® and CyberTouch, force feedback electronics for arcade gaming, and SoftMouse products.
Development contract and other revenue. Development contract and other revenue is comprised of revenue on commercial and government contracts. Development contract and other revenue was $606,000, a decrease of $474,000 or 44% during the three months ended March 31, 2005, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2004. Both
24
government and commercial contract revenues decreased. The decrease in government contract revenue was primarily due to a reduced number of government grants awarded, as well as a decrease in the work performed against our current government contracts. Commercial contracts decreased in both the medical and automotive markets due to a focus on medical product shipments and the timing of signing new automotive contracts. In an effort to increase medical product sales, we have transitioned our medical engineering resources away from government grants and certain commercial development contract efforts to focus on product development to leverage existing sales and channel distribution capabilities.
We categorize our geographic information into four major regions: North America, Europe, Far East, and Rest of the World. In the first three months of fiscal 2005, revenue generated in North America, Europe, Far East, and Rest of the World represented 78%, 14%, 5%, and 3%, respectively, compared to 69%, 19%, 11%, and 1%, respectively, for the first three months of fiscal 2004. The shift in revenues among regions was mainly due to an increase in medical product sales as well as gaming royalties from customers in North America offset by decreased medical development contract revenue from customers, the timing of signing new automotive contracts in the Far East, and decreased product and royalty revenue in Europe.
March 31, | ||||||||||||
COST OF PRODUCT SALES | 2005 | 2004 | Change | |||||||||
($ In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Three months ended: |
||||||||||||
Cost of product
sales |
$ | 1,389 | $ | 1,221 | 14 | % | ||||||
% of total product
revenue |
52 | % | 50 | % |
Cost of Product Sales. Our cost of product sales consists primarily of materials, labor, and overhead. There is no cost of product sales associated with royalty revenue or development contract revenue. Cost of product sales were $1.4 million, an increase of $168,000 or 14% for the three months ended March 31, 2005 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2004. This increase was primarily due to increased product sales, increased cost of freight to customers, and increased write offs for excess and obsolete inventory offset by decreased price and cost variances and decreased overhead costs. Product sales increased by 10% during the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2004 which resulted in an increase in direct material and labor costs of $182,000 for the period. Increased freight to customers and increased write offs for excess and obsolete inventory offset by decreased price and cost variances and decreased overhead costs made up the remainder of the difference.
25
March 31, | ||||||||||||
OPERATING EXPENSES AND OTHER | 2005 | 2004 | Change | |||||||||
($ In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Three months ended: |
||||||||||||
Sales and
marketing |
$ | 2,819 | $ | 2,462 | 15 | % | ||||||
% of total
revenue |
49 | % | 46 | % | ||||||||
Research and
development |
$ | 1,507 | $ | 1,889 | (20 | )% | ||||||
% of total
revenue |
26 | % | 35 | % | ||||||||
General and
administrative |
$ | 2,286 | $ | 4,878 | (53 | )% | ||||||
% of total
revenue |
40 | % | 91 | % | ||||||||
Amortization of intangibles
and deferred stock
compensation |
$ | 369 | $ | 513 | (28 | )% | ||||||
% of total
revenue |
6 | % | 10 | % | ||||||||
Restructuring
Costs |
$ | 185 | $ | | | |||||||
% of total
revenue |
3 | % | | % |
Sales and Marketing. Our sales and marketing expenses are comprised primarily of employee compensation and benefits costs, advertising, trade shows, brochures, market development funds, travel, and an allocation of facilities costs. Sales and marketing expenses were $2.8 million, an increase of $357,000 or 15% in the first three months of fiscal 2005 compared to the comparable period in 2004. The increase was primarily due to the expansion of our sales and marketing team and investment in initiatives focusing on medical and mobile phone market opportunities and increased bad debt expense in sales offset by decreased professional consulting. The increase included additional headcount and related compensation, benefits, and overhead of $378,000, increased travel of $67,000 to support the sales and marketing efforts noted above, an increase in bad debt expense of $133,000, an increase in office expenses of $52,000, and an increase in advertising expenses of $28,000 offset by a reduction in consulting and license fees of $295,000. We continue to invest in our sales and marketing teams to capitalize on our leading technology and progress with strategic customers in order to better execute our sales strategy and build greater market acceptance for our touch technologies. We hired a number of new sales and marketing employees and anticipate increased compensation expense related to these recent hires in the future. We anticipate increased and continued investment in sales and marketing in future periods to exploit market opportunities for our technology.
Research and Development. Our research and development expenses are comprised primarily of employee compensation and benefits, consulting fees, tooling and supplies, and an allocation of facilities costs. Research and development expenses were $1.5 million, a decrease of $382,000 or 20% in the first three months of fiscal 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. The decrease was mainly due to reduced focus on performing development contract work, leading to a reduction in headcount and related compensation, benefits, and overhead of $308,000, a reduction in professional consulting expense of $39,000, decreased travel of $20,000 and a decrease in prototyping expenses of $12,000. We believe that continued investment in research and development is critical to our future success, and we expect to make targeted investments in areas of product and technology development to support future growth.
General and Administrative. Our general and administrative expenses are comprised primarily of employee compensation and benefits, legal and professional fees, office supplies, travel, and an allocation of facilities costs. General and administrative expenses were $2.3 million, a decrease of $2.6 million or 53% in the first three months of fiscal 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in legal, professional, and license fee expense of $2.5 million, mostly related to the litigation against Sony Computer Entertainment, and decreased compensation, benefits, and overhead of $73,000 . Although we expect our litigation costs to continue to decrease in 2005, we expect that the dollar amount of general and administrative expenses to continue to be a significant component of our operating expenses. We will continue to incur litigation costs, including costs associated
26
with an expected appeal and other motions made by Sony Computer Entertainment, and costs related to litigation against other parties as we defend our intellectual property. Costs associated with maintaining compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and Nasdaq listing requirements will continue to be significant.
Amortization of Intangibles and Deferred Stock Compensation. Our amortization of intangibles and deferred stock compensation is comprised primarily of patent amortization, other intangible amortization, and deferred stock compensation. Amortization of intangibles and deferred stock compensation was $369,000 a decrease of $144,000 or 28% in the first three months of fiscal 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. The decrease was attributable to a decrease in deferred stock compensation expense of $119,000 due to the expiration of certain option vesting periods and a decrease in intangible amortization of $25,000 as some intangible assets reached full amortization. Beginning January 2006, we will be accounting for share based payments, including stock issued under our employee stock option plans and employee share purchase plans as compensation expense under SFAS 123R.
Restructuring Costs. Restructuring costs were $185,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2005. No costs were incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2004. The costs consisted of severance benefits paid as a result of a reduction in force in the first three months of 2005. Employees from manufacturing, sales and marketing, research and development, and general and administrative were included in the reduction in force. We did not incur any additional charges related to this reduction in force and do not anticipate any further costs in future periods related to this reduction in force.
Interest and Other Income. Interest and other income consists primarily of interest income and dividend income from cash and cash equivalents. Interest and other income increased by $70,000 in the first three months of fiscal 2005 compared to the same period in 2004 as a result of increased cash and cash equivalents for the period compared to the comparable period of 2004, primarily due to $20.0 million received in December 2004 from the sale of 5% Convertible Debentures. Interest income earned on the payment of approximately $7.0 million from Sony Computer Entertainment in February 2005 has been included in deferred revenue.
Interest Expense. Interest expense consists primarily of interest and accretion expense on notes payable, capital leases, and convertible debentures. Interest expense increased by $397,000 in the first three months of fiscal 2005 compared to the same period in 2004 primarily due to interest and accretion expense on our 5% Convertible Debentures sold in December 2004. We expect interest expense to continue to increase in 2005 due to interest expense and accretion related to our 5% Convertible Debentures.
Other Expense. Other expense consists primarily of accretion and dividend expense on preferred stock. Interest and other expense decreased by $602,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2004. The reduction in other expense was mainly attributable to elimination of accretion of $500,000 in payments which may be due to Microsoft and dividend expense on our Series A Preferred Stock of $99,000, as further discussed in Note 8 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Provision for Income Taxes. For the three months ended March 31, 2005, we recorded a provision for income taxes of $65,000 on a pre-tax loss of $3.1 million, yielding an effective tax rate of (2.1)%. The provision for income tax was based on federal alternative minimum income tax payable on taxable income. Although we incurred a pre-tax loss of $3.1 million, sums received from Sony Computer Entertainment included in long term deferred revenue, approximating $7 million in the first three months of 2005, are taxable, thus giving rise to an overall taxable profit. For the three months ended March 31, 2004, we recorded no provision for income taxes on a pre-tax loss of $6.2 million yielding an effective tax rate of 0%.
27
SEGMENT RESULTS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2005 AND 2004
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||
Immersion Computing, Entertainment, and Industrial |
$ | 3,650 | $ | 3,403 | ||||
Immersion Medical |
2,218 | 1,995 | ||||||
Intersegment eliminations |
(96 | ) | (43 | ) | ||||
Total |
$ | 5,772 | $ | 5,355 | ||||
Net Loss: |
||||||||
Immersion Computing, Entertainment, and Industrial |
$ | (2,384 | ) | $ | (5,478 | ) | ||
Immersion Medical |
(707 | ) | (713 | ) | ||||
Intersegment eliminations |
(42 | ) | 23 | |||||
Total |
$ | (3,133 | ) | $ | (6,168 | ) | ||
Immersion Computing, Entertainment, and Industrial segment. Revenues from the Immersion Computing, Entertainment, and Industrial segment were $3.7 million, an increase of $247,000 or 7% in the first three months of fiscal 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. Royalty and license revenues increased by $667,000, mainly due to increased royalties from our licensees that sell console and PC gaming peripheral products; product sales decreased by $298,000, mainly due to decreased sales of our CyberGlove and CyberTouch, force feedback electronics for arcade gaming, and SoftMouse products; and development contract revenues decreased by $122,000, primarily due to reduced government contracts and the timing of signing new automotive contracts. Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2005 was $2.4 million, a decrease of $3.1 million or 56% compared to the same period in 2004. The decrease was primarily due to reduced operating expenses of $2.5 million, increased gross margins of $350,000 primarily due to increased revenues, and reduced non-operating expenses of $205,000. The decreases in operating expenses were mainly due to decreased general and administrative expenses, primarily decreased litigation costs associated with our litigation against Sony Computer Entertainment, and decreased amortization of intangibles and deferred stock compensation offset by increased sales and marketing expenses.
Immersion Medical segment. Revenues from Immersion Medical were $2.2 million, an increase of $223,000, or 11%, for the first three months of fiscal 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. The increase was primarily due to an increase of $591,000 in product sales offset by a decrease of $353,000 in development contract revenue. Product sales increased primarily due to increased sales in our endovascular and CathSim simulator platforms. Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2005 was $707,000, a decrease of $6,000 or 1% compared to the same period in 2004. The decrease was mainly due to decreased research and development expenses of $329,000, offset by increased sales and marketing expenses of $142,000 and increased restructuring costs of $126,000.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments consist primarily of money market funds and highly liquid debt instruments. All of our cash equivalents and short-term investments are classified as available-for-sale under the provisions of SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. The securities are stated at market value with unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss within stockholders deficit.
At March 31, 2005 our cash and cash equivalents totaled $26.9 million, up $1.4 million from $25.5 million at December 31, 2004.
During 2003, we entered into agreements with Microsoft providing for certain license rights under our patents, the settling of our lawsuit, and an investment in our new Series A Preferred Stock. As a result of these agreements, our cash position increased by $26.0 million. Pursuant to the license agreement, we granted Microsoft a worldwide royalty-free,
28
irrevocable license in exchange for approximately $20.0 million. Under the terms of the Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock purchase agreement, Microsoft purchased 2,185,792 shares of preferred stock for $2.745 per share, or an aggregate purchase price of $6.0 million. The preferred stock accrued cumulative dividends at a rate of 7% per year, payable in cash or additional shares of preferred stock and could have been redeemed at the request of Microsoft for twice the original purchase price plus any dividends in the form of additional shares that remain unpaid and any accrued but unpaid cash dividends per share on or after July 25, 2006. On April 2, 2004, Microsoft Corporation elected to convert all 2,185,792 shares of Series A Preferred Stock into 2,185,792 shares of common stock. In addition, and at our discretion, we may require Microsoft to buy up to $6.0 million of our 7% Senior Redeemable Convertible Debentures, at a rate of $2.0 million per annum for the three years ending July 2007. No debentures have been sold to date.
In December 2004, we issued an aggregate principal amount of $20.0 million of 5% Convertible Debentures. The 5% Convertible Debentures will mature on December 22, 2009. The amount payable at maturity of each 5% Convertible Debenture is the initial principal plus all accrued but unpaid interest thereon, to the extent such principal amount and interest has not been converted into common shares or previously paid in cash. Commencing on the date the 5% Convertible Debentures were issued, interest accrues daily on the principal amount of the 5% Convertible Debenture at a rate of 5% per year. Interest will cease to accrue on that portion of the 5% Convertible Debenture that is converted or paid, including pursuant to conversion right or redemption. The holder of a 5% Convertible Debenture has the right to convert the outstanding principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest in whole or in part into shares of our common shares at a price of $7.0265 per common share.
Net cash provided by operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2005 was $635,000, a change of $3.8 million from the $3.2 million used during the three months ended March 31, 2004. Cash used in operations during the three months ended March 31, 2005 was comprised primarily of a $3.1 million net loss offset by noncash charges and credits of $737,000, including $217,000 in depreciation, $369,000 in amortization of intangibles and deferred stock compensation, and $160,000 in accreted interest expense on our 5% Convertible Debenture. Cash used in operations during the three months ended March 31, 2005 was also impacted by a decrease of $129,000 due to a change in inventories, a decrease of $388,000 due to a change in prepaid expenses and other current assets, a decrease of $2.8 million due to a change in accounts payable mainly due to the timing of payments to vendors, and a decrease of $202,000 due to a change in accrued compensation and other current liabilities. These decreases were offset by an increase in deferred revenue and customer advances of $6.5 million, mainly due to the payment of approximately $7.0 million from Sony Computer Entertainment.
Net cash used in investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2005 was $352,000, compared to the $624,000 used in investing activities during three months ended March 31, 2004, a decrease of $272,000. Net cash used in investing activities during the period consisted of a $246,000 increase in other assets, primarily due to capitalization of external patent filing and application costs and $106,000 used to purchase capital equipment.
Net cash provided by financing activities during three months ended March 31, 2005 was $1.1 million compared to $888,000 provided during three months ended March 31, 2004, or a $229,000 increase from the prior year. Net cash provided by financing activities for the period consisted of issuances of common stock and exercises of stock options in the amount of $1.2 million, offset by an increase in issuance costs of the 5% Convertible Debentures of $94,000.
We believe that our cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to meet our working capital needs and our continued litigation costs for the next twelve months. If we are unable to collect on the damages awarded in the Sony Computer Entertainment litigation or are unsuccessful in resolving the Sony Computer Entertainment litigation in the short term, we may elect to raise additional capital through sale of debt and/or equity securities or through a line of credit. We have taken measures to control our costs and will continue to monitor these efforts. Although we will incur additional expenses associated with post-trial motions and an appeal process regarding our litigation against Sony Computer Entertainment, we expect our legal costs to continue to decrease during 2005 as a result of completion of the trial phase of the litigation. We anticipate that capital expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2005 will total approximately $500,000 in connection with anticipated upgrades to operations and infrastructure. If we acquire one or more businesses, patents, or products, our cash or capital requirements could increase substantially. This could result in substantial dilution to our stockholders. In the event of such an acquisition, or should any unanticipated circumstances arise that significantly increase our capital requirements, we may elect to raise additional capital through debt or equity financing. Although we expect to be able to raise additional capital, there is no assurance that such additional capital will be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all.
Our 5% Convertible Debentures accrue interest at 5% per annum. Accordingly, we will be required to make interest payments in the amount of $1.0 million during 2005, and $1.0 million for each of the four succeeding years, or until such
29
time as the 5% Convertible Debentures are either converted in common stock or mature. In addition, commencing on December 23, 2005, if the daily volume-weighted average price of our common shares has been at or above 200% of the Conversion Price for at least 20 consecutive trading days and certain other conditions are met, we have the right to (i) require the holder of a 5% Convertible Debenture to convert the 5% Convertible Debenture in whole, including interest, into shares of our common stock at a price of $7.0265 per common share, as may be adjusted under the debenture, as set forth and subject to the conditions in the 5% Convertible Debenture, or (ii) redeem the 5% Convertible Debenture. If we make either of the foregoing elections with respect to any 5% Convertible Debenture, we must make the same election with respect to all 5% Convertible Debentures.
SUMMARY DISCLOSURES ABOUT CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMERCIAL COMMITMENTS
The following table reflects a summary of our contractual cash obligations and other commercial commitments as of December 31, 2004 (in thousands):
2006 and | 2008 and | 2010 and | ||||||||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations | Total | 2005 | 2007 | 2009 | later | |||||||||||||||
Long-term debt and interest |
$ | 25,000 | $ | 1,025 | $ | 2,000 | $ | 21,975 | $ | | ||||||||||
Capital lease obligations |
1 | 1 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Operating leases |
4,092 | 881 | 1,548 | 1,423 | 240 | |||||||||||||||
Total contractual cash obligations |
$ | 29,093 | $ | 1,907 | $ | 3,548 | $ | 23,398 | $ | 240 | ||||||||||
In connection with our series of agreements with Microsoft executed in July 2003, we are obligated to pay Microsoft certain amounts based on a settlement of the Sony Computer Entertainment litigation (see Note 8 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements).
With regard to our 5% Convertible Debentures, in the event of a change of control of us, a holder may require us to redeem all or a portion of their 5% Convertible Debenture (Put Option). The redeemed portion shall be redeemed at a price equal to the redeemed amount multiplied by (a) 110% of the principal amount of the 5% Convertible Debenture if the change of control occurs on or prior to December 23, 2005, (b) 105% of the principal amount of the 5% Convertible Debenture if the change of control occurs after December 23, 2005 and on or prior to December 23, 2006, or (c) 100% of the principal amount of the 5% Convertible Debenture if the change of control occurs after December 23, 2006. The conversion price will be reduced in certain instances where shares of common stock are sold or deemed to be sold at a price less than the applicable conversion price, including the issuance of certain options, the issuance of convertible securities, or the change in exercise price or rate of conversion for options or convertible securities. The conversion price will be proportionately adjusted if we subdivide (by stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, or otherwise) or combine (by combination, reverse stock split, or otherwise) one or more classes of our common stock. So long as any 5% Convertible Debentures are outstanding, we will not, nor will we permit any of our subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, incur or guarantee, assume or suffer to exist any indebtedness other than permitted indebtedness under the 5% Convertible Debenture agreement. If an event of default occurs, and is continuing with respect to any of our 5% Convertible Debentures, the holder may, at its option, require us to redeem all or a portion of the 5% Convertible Debenture.
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In March 2004, the EITF reached consensus on Issue No. 03-01, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and its Application to Certain Investments, to provide additional guidance in determining whether investment securities have an impairment that should be considered other-than-temporary. The adoption of this issue will not have an effect on our operating results or financial condition.
We account for stock-based compensation awards issued to employees using the intrinsic value measurement provisions of Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (Opinion 25). Accordingly, no compensation expense has been recorded for stock options granted with exercise prices greater than or equal to the fair value of the underlying common stock at the option grant date. On December 16, 2004,
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the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (SFAS No. 123R). SFAS No. 123R eliminates the alternative of applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of Opinion 25 to stock compensation awards issued to employees. Rather, the new standard requires enterprises to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award. That cost will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award, known as the requisite service period (usually the vesting period).
SFAS No. 123R will be effective for our fiscal quarter beginning January 1, 2006 and requires the use of the Modified Prospective Application Method. Under this method SFAS No. 123R is applied to new awards and to awards modified, repurchased, or cancelled after the effective date. Additionally, compensation cost for the portion of awards for which the requisite service has not been rendered (such as unvested options) that are outstanding as of the date of adoption shall be recognized as the remaining requisite services are rendered. The compensation cost relating to unvested awards at the date of adoption shall be based on the grant-date fair value of those awards as calculated for pro forma disclosures under the original SFAS No. 123. In addition, we may use the Modified Retrospective Application Method. This method may be applied to all prior years for which the original SFAS No. 123 was effective or only to prior interim periods in the year of initial adoption. If the Modified Retrospective Application Method is applied, financial statements for prior periods shall be adjusted to give effect to the fair-value-based method of accounting for awards on a consistent basis with the pro forma disclosures required for those periods under the original SFAS No. 123.
We have not yet quantified the effects of the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, but it is expected that the new standard may result in significant stock-based compensation expense. The pro forma effects on net income and earnings per share if we had applied the fair value recognition provisions of original SFAS No. 123 on stock compensation awards (rather than applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of Opinion 25) are disclosed in Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements. Although such pro forma effects of applying original SFAS No. 123 may be indicative of the effects of adopting SFAS No. 123R, the provisions of these two statements differ in some important respects. The actual effects of adopting SFAS No. 123R will be dependent on numerous factors including, but not limited to, the valuation model chosen by us to value stock-based awards; the assumed award forfeiture rate; the accounting policies adopted concerning the method of recognizing the fair value of awards over the requisite service period; and the transition method (as described above) chosen for adopting SFAS No. 123R.
FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS
WE HAD AN ACCUMULATED DEFICIT OF $117 MILLION AS OF MARCH 31, 2005, HAVE A HISTORY OF LOSSES, WILL EXPERIENCE LOSSES IN THE FUTURE, AND MAY NOT ACHIEVE OR MAINTAIN PROFITABILITY.
Since 1997, we have incurred losses in every fiscal quarter. We will need to generate significant ongoing revenue to achieve and maintain profitability. We anticipate that our expenses will increase in the foreseeable future as we:
| protect and enforce our intellectual property, including the costs of our litigation against Sony Computer Entertainment; | |||
| continue to develop our technologies; | |||
| attempt to expand the market for touch-enabled technologies and products; | |||
| increase our sales and marketing efforts; and | |||
| pursue strategic relationships. |
If our revenues grow more slowly than we anticipate or if our operating expenses exceed our expectations, we may not achieve or maintain profitability.
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OUR CURRENT LITIGATION AGAINST SONY COMPUTER ENTERTAINMENT AND OTHERS IS EXPENSIVE, DISRUPTIVE, AND TIME CONSUMING, AND WILL CONTINUE TO BE, UNTIL RESOLVED, AND REGARDLESS OF WHETHER WE ARE ULTIMATELY SUCCESSFUL, COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR BUSINESS.
On February 11, 2002, we filed a complaint against Microsoft Corporation, Sony Computer Entertainment, Inc., and Sony Computer Entertainment of America, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District Court of California alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 5,889,672 and 6,275,213. The case was assigned to United States District Judge Claudia Wilken. On April 4, 2002, Sony Computer Entertainment and Microsoft answered the complaint by denying the material allegations and alleging counterclaims seeking a judicial declaration that the asserted patents were invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed. Under the counterclaims, the defendants were also seeking damages for attorneys fees. On October 8, 2002, we filed an amended complaint, withdrawing the claim under the U.S. Patent No. 5,899,672 and adding claims under a new patent, U.S. Patent No. 6,424,333.
On July 28, 2003, we announced that we had settled our legal differences with Microsoft, and we and Microsoft agreed to dismiss all claims and counterclaims relating to this matter as well as assume financial responsibility for our respective legal costs with respect to the lawsuit between Immersion and Microsoft.
On August 16, 2004, the trial against the Sony Computer Entertainment Defendants commenced. On September 21, 2004, the jury returned its verdict in favor of Immersion. The jury found all the asserted claims of the patents valid and infringed. The jury awarded Immersion damages in the amount of $82.0 million. On January 10, 2005, the Court awarded Immersion prejudgment interest on the damages the jury awarded at the applicable prime rate. The Court further ordered Sony Computer Entertainment to pay Immersion a compulsory license fee at the rate of 1.37%, the ratio of the verdict amount to the amount of sales of infringing products, effective as of July 1, 2004 and through the date of judgment. On February 9, 2005, the Court ordered that Sony Computer Entertainment provide Immersion with sales data 15 days after the end of each quarter and clarifying that Sony Computer Entertainment shall make the ordered payment 45 days after the end of the applicable quarter. The Court denied Sony Computer Entertainments request that payment be made to an escrow instead of directly to Immersion.
On February 9, 2005, Sony Computer Entertainment filed a Notice of Appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit to appeal the Courts January 10, 2005 order, and on February 10, 2005 Sony Computer Entertainment filed an Amended Notice of Appeal to include an appeal from the Courts February 9, 2005 order. Thereafter, Sony filed a motion with the Federal Circuit to stay payment of the compulsory license until the appeal is decided. On April 7, 2005, the Federal Circuit denied Sonys motion to stay on procedural grounds. Immersion also moved to dismiss Sonys appeal on the grounds that a separate appeal from the January 10, 2005 and February 10, 2005 orders after entry of judgment was not proper. The Federal Circuit has not yet decided this motion, and no date has been set yet for a hearing on Sonys appeal of the January 10, 2005 and February 10, 2005 orders should it proceed. On February 14, 2005, Sony Computer Entertainment made a payment to Immersion pursuant to the Courts orders. Although Immersion has received the payment, we may be required to return this and any future payments based on the outcome of an appeals process.
On January 5 and 6, 2005, the Court also held a bench trial on Defendants remaining allegations that the 333 patent was not enforceable due to alleged inequitable conduct. On March 24, 2005, the Court resolved this issue, entering a written order finding in favor of Immersion. On March 24, 2005, Judge Wilken also entered judgment in Immersions favor and awarded Immersion $82.0 million in past damages, and pre-judgment interest in the amount of $8.7 million, for a total of $90.7 million. Immersion was also awarded its court costs. Court costs do not include attorneys fees.
Additionally, the Court issued a permanent injunction against the manufacture, use, sale, or import into the United States of the infringing Sony PlayStation system consisting of the PlayStation consoles, Dual Shock controllers, and the 47 games found by the jury to infringe Immersions patents. The Court stayed the permanent injunction pending appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. The Court further ordered Sony to pay a compulsory license fee at the rate of 1.37% for the duration of the stay of the permanent injunction at the same rate and conditions as previously awarded in its interim January 10, 2005 and February 9, 2005 Orders. On April 7, 2005 pursuant to a stipulation of the parties, the Court entered an Amended Judgment to clarify that the Judgment in favor of Immersion and against Sony also encompassed Sonys counterclaims for declaratory relief on invalidity and unenforceability, as well as non-infringement.
Sony Computer Entertainment also has filed further motions seeking judgment as a matter of a law (JMOL) or for a new trial, and a motion for a stay of an accounting and execution of the judgment. These motions are currently set for hearing on May 13, 2005. We expect that when these motions are resolved, Sony will appeal the judgment to the United
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States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. On April 27, 2005 the Court granted Sonys request to approve a supersedeas bond, secured by a cash deposit with the Court in the amount of $102.5 million, to obtain a stay of enforcement of the Courts Amended Judgment pending appeal. Sonys motion for a stay pending appeal of the judgment without any security, or with an alternate form of security, remains pending.
We expect that Sony Computer Entertainment will appeal the judgment that is entered based on the jury verdict to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict how the Court of Appeals would decide an appeal. We anticipate that the litigation will continue to be costly, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to recover the costs we incur in connection with the litigation. We expense litigation costs as incurred and only accrue for costs that have been incurred but not paid to the vendor as of the financial statement date. The litigation has diverted, and is likely to continue to divert, the efforts and attention of some of our key management and personnel. As a result, until such time as it is resolved, the litigation could adversely affect our business. Further, any unfavorable outcome could adversely affect our business.
In the event we settle our lawsuit with Sony Computer Entertainment, we will be obligated to pay certain sums to Microsoft as described in Note 8 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. If Sony Computer Entertainment ultimately were successful on further post-trial motions or on appeal, the assets relating to the patents in the lawsuit may be impaired, and Sony Computer Entertainment may seek additional relief, such as attorneys fees.
On October 20, 2004, Internet Services LLC, an Immersion licensee and cross-claim defendant against whom Sony Computer Entertainment had filed a claim seeking declaratory relief, filed claims against Immersion alleging that Immersion breached a contract with ISLLC by suing Sony Computer Entertainment for patent infringement relating to haptically-enabled software whose topics or images are allegedly age restricted, for judicial apportionment of damages awarded by the jury between ISLLC and Immersion, and for a judicial declaration with respect to ISLLCs rights and duties under agreements with Immersion. On December 29, 2004, the Court issued an order dismissing ISLLCs claims against Sony Computer Entertainment with prejudice and dismissing ISLLCs claims against Immersion without prejudice to ISLLC filing a new complaint if it can do so in good faith without contradicting, or repeating the deficiency of, its complaint. On January 12, 2005, ISLLC filed Amended Cross-Claims and Counterclaims against Immersion that contained similar claims. ISLLC also realleged counterclaims against Sony Computer Entertainment. On January 28, 2005, Immersion filed a motion to dismiss ISLLCs Amended Cross-Claims and a motion to strike ISLLCs Counterclaims against Sony Computer Entertainment. On March 24, 2005 the Court issued an order dismissing ISLLCs claims with prejudice as to ISLLCs claim seeking a declaratory judgment that it is an exclusive licensee under the 213 and 333 patents and as to ISLLCs claim seeking judicial apportionment of the damages verdict in the Sony case. The Courts order further dismissed ISLLCs claims without prejudice as to ISLLCs breach of contract and unjust enrichment claims. ISLLC filed a notice of appeal of those orders with the Federal Circuit on April 18, 2005.
Immersion Corporation vs. Electro Source LLC
On September 24, 2004, we filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California a complaint for patent infringement against Electro Source LLC (Case No. 04-CV-4040 CW). Electro Source is a leading seller of video game peripherals under the Pelican Accessories brand. Immersions Complaint alleges that Electro Source has willfully infringed, and continues to willfully infringe, the same two patents asserted in our litigation against Sony Computer Entertainment. The Complaint seeks injunctive relief, as well as damages in an amount to be proven at trial, trebled due to Electro Sources willful infringement, and attorneys fees and costs. Electro Source filed an answer to the Complaint denying the material allegations and asserting against Immersion counterclaims seeking a judicial declaration that the asserted patents are invalid, unenforceable, and not infringed.
On February 3, 2005, the Court entered a Case Management Order that set pretrial dates relating to discovery and other matters and scheduled trial to begin June 5, 2006. The parties are in the process of conducting discovery. We intend to vigorously pursue our claims against Electro Source.
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THE MARKET FOR TOUCH-ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES AND TOUCH-ENABLED PRODUCTS IS AT AN EARLY STAGE AND IF MARKET DEMAND DOES NOT DEVELOP, WE MAY NOT ACHIEVE OR SUSTAIN REVENUE GROWTH.
The market for our touch-enabling technologies and our licensees touch-enabled products is at an early stage. If we and our licensees are unable to develop demand for touch-enabling technologies and touch-enabled products, we may not achieve or sustain revenue growth. We cannot accurately predict the growth of the markets for these technologies and products, the timing of product introductions, or the timing of commercial acceptance of these products.
Even if our touch-enabling technologies and our licensees touch-enabled products are ultimately widely adopted, widespread adoption may take a long time to occur. The timing and amount of royalties and product sales that we receive will depend on whether the products marketed achieve widespread adoption and, if so, how rapidly that adoption occurs.
We expect that we will need to pursue extensive and expensive marketing and sales efforts to educate prospective licensees and end users about the uses and benefits of our technologies and to persuade software developers to create software that utilizes our technologies. Negative product reviews or publicity about Immersions products, our licensees products, haptic features, or haptic technology in general could have a negative impact on market adoption, our revenue, and/or our ability to license our technologies in the future.
OUR QUARTERLY REVENUES AND OPERATING RESULTS ARE VOLATILE, AND IF OUR FUTURE RESULTS ARE BELOW THE EXPECTATIONS OF PUBLIC MARKET ANALYSTS OR INVESTORS, THE PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK IS LIKELY TO DECLINE.
Our revenues and operating results are likely to vary significantly from quarter to quarter due to a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control and any of which could cause the price of our common stock to decline.
These factors include:
| the establishment or loss of licensing relationships; | |||
| the timing of payments under fixed and/or up-front license agreements; | |||
| the timing of work performed under development agreements; | |||
| the timing of our expenses, including costs related to litigation, stock based awards, acquisitions of technologies, or businesses; | |||
| the timing of introductions of new products and product enhancements by us, our licensees, our competitors, or their competitors; | |||
| our ability to develop and improve our technologies; | |||
| our ability to attract, integrate, and retain qualified personnel; and | |||
| seasonality in the demand for our products or our licensees products. |
IF WE ARE UNABLE TO ENTER INTO NEW LICENSING ARRANGEMENTS WITH OUR EXISTING LICENSEES, AND WITH ADDITIONAL THIRD-PARTY MANUFACTURERS FOR OUR TOUCH-ENABLING TECHNOLOGY, OUR ROYALTY REVENUE MAY NOT GROW.
Our revenue growth is significantly dependent on our ability to enter into new licensing arrangements. Our failure to enter into new licensing arrangements will cause our operating results to suffer. We face numerous risks in obtaining new licenses on terms consistent with our business objectives and in maintaining, expanding, and supporting our relationships with our current licensees. These risks include:
| the lengthy and expensive process of building a relationship with potential licensees; | |||
| the fact that we may compete with the internal design teams of existing and potential licensees; |
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| difficulties in persuading consumer product manufacturers to work with us, to rely on us for critical technology, and to disclose to us proprietary product development and other strategies; | |||
| difficulty in signing up new gaming licensees, as well as losing our existing gaming licensees, if we are not successful in the litigation with Sony Computer Entertainment; | |||
| difficulties in convincing car companies to sign a license agreement with us when they will need to purchase components from one of their vendors who may or may not yet be able to meet the car companies stringent quality and parts availability standards; | |||
| difficulties in persuading existing and potential licensees to bear the development costs and risks necessary to incorporate our technologies into their products; and | |||
| challenges in demonstrating the compelling value of our technologies in new applications like mobile phones and automobiles. |
A majority of our current royalty revenue has been derived from the licensing of our portfolio of touch-enabling technologies for video game console and personal computer gaming peripherals, such as gamepads, joysticks, and steering wheels. Though substantially smaller than the market for dedicated gaming console peripherals, the market for gamepads, joysticks, and steering wheels for use with personal computers is declining and is characterized by declining average selling prices. If the console peripheral market also experiences declines in sales and selling prices, we may not achieve royalty revenue growth.
THE TERMS IN OUR AGREEMENTS MAY BE CONSTRUED BY OUR LICENSEES IN A MANNER THAT IS INCONSISTENT WITH THE RIGHTS THAT WE HAVE GRANTED TO OTHER LICENSEES, OR IN A MANNER THAT MAY REQUIRE US TO INCUR SUBSTANTIAL COSTS TO RESOLVE CONFLICTS OVER LICENSE TERMS.
We have entered into, and will continue to enter into, agreements pursuant to which our licensees are granted rights under our technology and intellectual property. These rights may be granted in certain fields of use, or with respect to certain market sectors or product categories, and may include exclusive rights or sublicensing rights. We refer to the license terms and restrictions in our agreements, including, but not limited to, field of use definitions, market sector, and product category definitions, collectively as License Provisions.
Due to the continuing evolution of market sectors, product categories, and licensee business models, and to the compromises inherent in the drafting and negotiation of License Provisions, our licensees may, at some time during the term of their agreements with us, interpret License Provisions in their agreements in a way that is different from our interpretation of such License Provisions, or in a way that is in conflict with the rights that we have granted to other licensees. Such interpretations by our licensees may lead to (a) claims that we have granted rights to one licensee which are inconsistent with the rights that we have granted to another licensee, and/or (b) claims by one licensee against another licensee that may result in our incurring indemnification or other obligations or liabilities.
In addition, after we enter into an agreement, it is possible that markets and/or products, or legal and/or regulatory environments, will evolve in a manner that we did not foresee or was not foreseeable at the time we entered into the agreement. As a result, in the agreement we may have granted rights that will preclude or restrict our exploitation of potentially lucrative new opportunities that arise after the execution of the agreement.
AUTOMOTIVE ROYALTIES COULD BE REDUCED IF BMW WERE TO ABANDON ITS IDRIVE SYSTEM OR REMOVE OUR TECHNOLOGY FROM THE IDRIVE.
Our largest royalty stream from the automotive industry is from BMW for its iDrive controller. Press reviews of this system have been largely negative and critical of the systems complex user interface, which we did not design. Nevertheless, this negative press may adversely affect sales of BMWs cars, which may cause BMW to abandon the iDrive controller or to remove our technology from it. A decline in our royalties from BMW will harm our business.
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BECAUSE WE HAVE A FIXED PAYMENT LICENSE WITH MICROSOFT, OUR ROYALTY REVENUE FROM LICENSING IN THE GAMING MARKET AND OTHER CONSUMER MARKETS MIGHT DECLINE IF MICROSOFT INCREASES ITS VOLUME OF SALES OF TOUCH-ENABLED GAMING PRODUCTS AND CONSUMER PRODUCTS AT THE EXPENSE OF OUR OTHER LICENSEES.
Under the terms of our present agreement with Microsoft, Microsoft receives a royalty-free, perpetual, irrevocable license to Immersions worldwide portfolio of patents. This license permits Microsoft to make, use, and sell hardware, software, and services, excluding specified products, covered by Immersions patents. Immersion also granted to Microsoft a limited right, under Immersions patents relating to touch technologies, to sublicense specified rights, excluding rights to excluded products and peripheral devices, to third party customers of Microsofts or Microsofts subsidiaries operating systems (other than Sony Corporation, Sony Computer Entertainment, Inc., Sony Computer Entertainment of America, Inc., and their subsidiaries). In exchange, for the grant of these rights and the rights included in a separate Sublicense Agreement, Microsoft paid Immersion a one-time payment of $20.0 million. We will not receive any further revenues or royalties from Microsoft under our current agreement with Microsoft. Microsoft has a significant share of the market for touch-enabled console gaming computer peripherals and is pursuing other consumer markets such as mobile phones and PDAs. Microsoft has significantly greater financial, sales, and marketing resources, as well as greater name recognition and a larger customer base than our other licensees. In the event that Microsoft increases its share of these markets, our royalty revenue from other licensees in these market segments might decline.
OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH MEDTRONIC, A MEDICAL DEVICE COMPANY, MAY INTERFERE WITH OUR ABILITY TO ENTER INTO DEVELOPMENT AND LICENSING RELATIONSHIPS WITH MEDTRONICS COMPETITORS.
In February 2003, we entered into an agreement with Medtronic, a medical device company, in which we granted Medtronic a right of first negotiation. This right of first negotiation applies to any agreement, which we refer to as a Proposed Agreement, under which we would grant a third party rights to use specified Immersion intellectual property in specified fields of use. Under the terms of the right of first negotiation, we must notify Medtronic if we have received a written offer from a third party to enter into a Proposed Agreement, or if we are seeking to find a third party to enter into a Proposed Agreement. Medtronic has the exclusive right, for a period of forty days, to negotiate with us regarding the material terms of the Proposed Agreement. If, during such forty-day period, we fail to reach agreement in principle with Medtronic upon the material terms of the Proposed Agreement, then we will have twelve months after the expiration of such forty day period to enter into an agreement with the applicable third party, provided that the terms of such agreement are, in the aggregate, more favorable to us than the offer that Medtronic presented or the terms under which we initially sought to find a third party to enter into the Proposed Agreement. The right of first negotiation ceases to apply to any Proposed Agreement for which we and Medtronic reach agreement in principle upon the material terms during the applicable forty-day period, but thereafter do not execute a definitive agreement within 145 days after the expiration of such forty-day period. In addition, Medtronics right of first negotiation terminates upon the second anniversary of the completion of a development project to be undertaken by us for Medtronic. This right of first negotiation or our relationship with Medtronic may impede, restrict, or delay our ability to enter into development or license agreements with large medical device companies that compete with Medtronic. Any restriction in our ability to enter into development or license agreements with other medical device companies would adversely affect our revenues.
MEDTRONIC ACCOUNTS FOR A LARGE PORTION OF OUR REVENUES AND A REDUCTION IN SALES TO MEDTRONIC, A REDUCTION IN DEVELOPMENT WORK, OR A DECISION NOT TO RENEW EXISTING LICENSES BY MEDTRONIC MAY REDUCE OUR TOTAL REVENUE.
For the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, we derived 19% and 17%, respectively, of our total revenue from Medtronic. If our royalty and license revenue from or our product sales to Medtronic decline, and/or Medtronic reduces the development activities we perform, then our total revenue may decline. In addition, under our recent agreements with Medtronic, we are required to refund monies that Medtronic has advanced to us under certain circumstances. If we are required to refund monies to Medtronic, our business and operations may suffer.
LOGITECH ACCOUNTS FOR A SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF OUR REVENUE AND THE FAILURE OF LOGITECH TO ACHIEVE SALES VOLUMES FOR ITS GAMING PERIPHERAL PRODUCTS THAT INCORPORATE OUR TOUCH-ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES MAY REDUCE OUR TOTAL REVENUE.
Logitech has in the past and may in the future account for a significant portion of our revenue. For the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, we derived from Logitech 15% and 9%, respectively, of our total revenue. We expect that Logitech will continue to account for a significant portion of our total revenue. If Logitech fails to achieve
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anticipated sales volumes for its computer and console gaming peripheral products that incorporate our technologies, our total revenue may decline.
IF WE FAIL TO INCREASE SALES OF OUR MEDICAL SIMULATION DEVICES, OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION AND OPERATIONS MAY SUFFER.
Our medical simulation products, such as our Endovascular AccuTouch ® System, our Hysteorscopy AccuTouch System, and our Laparoscopy AccuTouch System, have only recently begun to be used by hospitals and medical schools to train healthcare professionals. As a result, many of these medical institutions do not budget for such simulation devices. To increase sales of our simulation devices, we must, in addition to convincing medical institution personnel of the utility of the devices, persuade them to include a significant expenditure for the devices in their budgets. If these medical institutions are unwilling to budget for simulation devices or reduce their budgets as a result of cost-containment pressures or other factors, we may not be able to increase sales of medical simulators at a satisfactory rate. Any failure to increase sales of our medical simulation products will harm our business.
THIRD PARTY VALIDATION STUDIES MAY NOT DEMONSTRATE ALL THE BENEFITS OF OUR MEDICAL TRAINING SIMULATORS, WHICH COULD AFFECT CUSTOMER MOTIVATION TO BUY.
In medical training, validation studies are generally used to confirm the usefulness of new techniques, devices, and training methods. For medical training simulators, several levels of validation are generally tested: content, concurrent, construct, and predictive. A validation study performed by a third party, such as a hospital, a teaching institution, or even an individual healthcare professional, could be designed to show little or no benefit for one or more types of validation for our medical training simulators. Such validation study results published in medical journals could impact the willingness of customers to buy our training simulators, especially new simulators that have not previously been validated. Due to the time generally required to complete and publish additional validation studies (often more than a year), the delay in sales revenue could be significant.
WE MAY NEED TO RAISE ADDITIONAL CAPITAL IN THE FUTURE, WHICH MAY RESULT IN SUBSTANTIAL DILUTION TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS.
We may need to raise additional capital in order to ensure a sufficient supply of cash for continued operations and litigation costs. We have taken measures to control our costs and will continue to monitor these efforts. Our plans to raise additional capital may include possible customer prepayments of certain royalty obligations in exchange for a royalty discount and/or other negotiated concessions, entering into new license agreements that require up-front license payments, and through debt or equity financing. We cannot be certain that additional financing will be available to us on favorable terms when required, or at all. Changes in equity markets over the past three years have adversely affected the ability of companies to raise equity financing and have adversely affected the markets for financing for companies with a history of losses such as ours. Additional financing may require us to take on more debt or issue additional shares of our common or preferred stock such that our existing stockholders may experience substantial dilution.
WE DO NOT CONTROL OR INFLUENCE OUR LICENSEES DESIGN, MANUFACTURING, PROMOTION, DISTRIBUTION, OR PRICING OF THEIR PRODUCTS INCORPORATING OUR TOUCH-ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES, UPON WHICH WE ARE DEPENDENT TO GENERATE ROYALTY REVENUE.
A key part of our business strategy is to license our intellectual property to companies that manufacture and sell products incorporating our touch-enabling technologies. Sales of those products generate royalty and license revenue for us. For the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, 43% and 34%, respectively, of our total revenues were royalty and license revenues. However, we do not control or influence the design, manufacture, quality control, promotion, distribution, or pricing of products that are manufactured and sold by our licensees. In addition, we generally do not have commitments from our licensees that they will continue to use our technologies in current or future products. As a result, products incorporating our technologies may not be brought to market, meet quality control standards, achieve commercial acceptance, or generate meaningful royalty revenue for us. For us to generate royalty revenue, licensees that pay us per-unit royalties must manufacture and distribute products incorporating our touch-enabling technologies in a timely fashion and generate consumer demand through marketing and other promotional activities. Products incorporating our touch-enabling technologies are generally more difficult to design and manufacture, which may cause product introduction delays or quality control problems. If our licensees fail to stimulate and capitalize upon market demand for products that generate royalties for us, or if products are recalled because of quality control problems, our revenues will not grow and could decline. Alternatively, if a product that incorporates our touch-enabling technologies achieves widespread market acceptance, the product manufacturer may elect to stop making it rather than pay us royalties based on sales of the product.
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Peak demand for products that incorporate our technologies, especially in the computer and console gaming peripherals market, typically occurs in the third and fourth calendar quarters as a result of increased demand during the year-end holiday season. If our licensees do not ship products incorporating our touch-enabling technologies in a timely fashion or fail to achieve strong sales in the fourth quarter of the calendar year, we may not receive related royalty and license revenue.
REDUCED SPENDING BY CORPORATE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENTS MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT SALES OF OUR THREE-DIMENSIONAL AND PROFESSIONAL PRODUCTS.
We believe that the current economic downturn has led to a reduction in corporations budgets for research and development in several sectors, including the automotive and aerospace sectors, which use our three-dimensional and professional products. Sales of our three-dimensional and professional products, including our CyberGlove line of whole-hand sensing gloves and our MicroScribe line of three-dimensional digitizers, may be adversely affected by these cuts in corporate research and development budgets.
WE HAVE LIMITED DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS AND RESOURCES TO MARKET AND SELL OUR MEDICAL SIMULATION AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION AND DIGITIZING PRODUCTS, AND IF WE ARE UNSUCCESSFUL IN MARKETING AND SELLING THESE PRODUCTS, WE MAY NOT ACHIEVE OR SUSTAIN PRODUCT REVENUE GROWTH.
We have limited resources for marketing and selling medical simulation or three-dimensional simulation products either directly or through distributors. To achieve our business objectives, we must build a balanced mixture of sales through a direct sales channel and through qualified distribution channels. The success of our efforts to sell medical simulation and three-dimensional simulation products will depend upon our ability to retain and develop a qualified sales force and effective distributor channels. We may not be successful in attracting and retaining the personnel necessary to sell and market our simulation products. A number of our distributors represent small-specialized companies and may not have sufficient capital or human resources to support the complexities of selling and supporting simulation products. There can be no assurance that our direct selling efforts will be effective, distributors will market our products successfully or, if our relationships with distributors terminate, that we will be able to establish relationships with other distributors on satisfactory terms, if at all. Any disruption in the distribution, sales, or marketing network for our simulation products could have a material adverse effect on our product revenues.
LITIGATION REGARDING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS COULD BE EXPENSIVE, DISRUPTIVE, AND TIME CONSUMING; COULD RESULT IN THE IMPAIRMENT OR LOSS OF PORTIONS OF OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY; AND COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR BUSINESS.
Intellectual property litigation, whether brought by us or by others against us, could result in the expenditure of significant financial resources and the diversion of managements time and efforts. From time to time, we initiate claims against third parties that we believe infringe our intellectual property rights. We intend to enforce our intellectual property rights vigorously and may initiate litigation against parties that we believe are infringing our intellectual property rights if we are unable to resolve matters satisfactorily through negotiation. Litigation brought to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights could be costly, time-consuming, and distracting to management and could result in the impairment or loss of portions of our intellectual property. In addition, any litigation in which we are accused of infringement may cause product shipment delays, require us to develop non-infringing technologies, or require us to enter into royalty or license agreements even before the issue of infringement has been decided on the merits. If any litigation were not resolved in our favor, we could become subject to substantial damage claims from third parties and indemnification claims from our licensees. We and our licensees could be enjoined from the continued use of the technologies at issue without a royalty or license agreement. Royalty or license agreements, if required, might not be available on acceptable terms, or at all. If a third party claiming infringement against us prevailed, and we could not develop non-infringing technologies or license the infringed or similar technologies on a timely and cost-effective basis, our expenses would increase and our revenues could decrease.
We attempt to avoid infringing known proprietary rights of third parties. However, third parties may hold, or may in the future be issued, patents that could be infringed by our products or technologies. Any of these third parties might make a claim of infringement against us with respect to the products that we manufacture and the technologies that we license. From time to time, we have received letters from companies, several of which have significantly greater financial resources than we do, asserting that some of our technologies, or those of our licensees, infringe their intellectual property rights. Certain of our licensees have received similar letters from these or other companies. Such letters or subsequent litigation may influence our licensees decisions whether to ship products incorporating our technologies. In addition, such letters may cause a dispute between our licensees and us over indemnification for the infringement claim. Any of
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these notices, or additional notices that we or our licensees could receive in the future from these or other companies, could lead to litigation against us, either regarding the infringement claim or the indemnification claim.
We have acquired patents from third parties and also license some technologies from third parties. We must rely upon the owners of the patents or the technologies for information on the origin and ownership of the acquired or licensed technologies. As a result, our exposure to infringement claims may increase. We generally obtain representations as to the origin and ownership of acquired or licensed technologies and indemnification to cover any breach of these representations. However, representations may not be accurate and indemnification may not provide adequate compensation for breach of the representations. Intellectual property claims against our licensees, or us, whether or not they have merit, could be time-consuming to defend, cause product shipment delays, require us to pay damages, harm existing license arrangements, or require us or our licensees to cease utilizing the technologies unless we can enter into royalty or licensing agreements. Royalty or licensing agreements might not be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. Furthermore, claims by third parties against our licensees could also result in claims by our licensees against us under the indemnification provisions of our licensees agreements with us.
IF WE FAIL TO PROTECT AND ENFORCE OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS, OUR ABILITY TO LICENSE OUR TECHNOLOGIES AND TO GENERATE REVENUES WOULD BE IMPAIRED.
Our business depends on generating revenues by licensing our intellectual property rights and by selling products that incorporate our technologies. If we are not able to protect and enforce those rights, our ability to obtain future licenses or maintain current licenses and royalty revenue could be impaired. In addition, if a court were to limit the scope of, declare unenforceable, or invalidate any of our patents, current licensees may refuse to make royalty payments or they may choose to challenge one or more of our patents. It is also possible that:
| our pending patent applications may not result in the issuance of patents; | |||
| our patents may not be broad enough to protect our proprietary rights; and | |||
| effective patent protection may not be available in every country in which our licensees do business. |
We also rely on licenses, confidentiality agreements, other contractual agreements, and copyright, trademark, and trade secret laws to establish and protect our proprietary rights. It is possible that:
| laws and contractual restrictions may not be sufficient to prevent misappropriation of our technologies or deter others from developing similar technologies; and | |||
| policing unauthorized use of our products and trademarks would be difficult, expensive, and time-consuming, particularly overseas. |
PRODUCT LIABILITY CLAIMS COULD BE TIME-CONSUMING AND COSTLY TO DEFEND AND COULD EXPOSE US TO LOSS.
Our products or our licensees products may have flaws or other defects that may lead to personal or other injury claims. If products that we or our licensees sell cause personal injury, financial loss, or other injury to our or our licensees customers, the customers or our licensees may seek damages or other recovery from us. Any claims against us would be time-consuming, expensive to defend, and distracting to management and could result in damages and injure our reputation and/or the reputation of our products, or the reputation of our licensees or their products. This damage could limit the market for our and our licensees products and harm our results of operations.
In the past, manufacturers of peripheral products including certain gaming products such as joysticks, wheels, or gamepads, have been subject to claims alleging that use of their products has caused or contributed to various types of repetitive stress injuries, including carpal tunnel syndrome. We have not experienced any product liability claims to date. Although our license agreements typically contain provisions designed to limit our exposure to product liability claims, existing or future laws or unfavorable judicial decisions could limit or invalidate the provisions.
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THE HIGHER COST OF PRODUCTS INCORPORATING OUR TOUCH-ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES MAY INHIBIT OR PREVENT THEIR WIDESPREAD ADOPTION.
Personal computer and console gaming peripherals, mobile phones, and automotive and industrial controls incorporating our touch-enabling technologies can be more expensive than similar competitive products that are not touch-enabled. Although major manufacturers, such as Logitech, Microsoft, ALPS Electric Co., Ltd., Samsung, and BMW have licensed our technologies, the greater expense of products containing our touch-enabling technologies as compared to non-touch-enabled products may be a significant barrier to the widespread adoption and sale of touch-enabled products.
COMPETITION BETWEEN OUR PRODUCTS AND OUR LICENSEES PRODUCTS MAY REDUCE OUR REVENUE.
Rapid technological change, short product life cycles, cyclical market patterns, declining average selling prices, and increasing foreign and domestic competition characterize the markets in which we and our licensees compete. We believe that competition in these markets will continue to be intense, and that competitive pressures will drive the price of our products and our licensees products downward. These price reductions, if not offset by increases in unit sales or productivity, will cause our revenues to decline.
We face competition from unlicensed products as well. Our licensees or other third parties may seek to develop products using our intellectual property or develop alternative designs that attempt to circumvent our intellectual property, which they believe do not require a license under our intellectual property. These potential competitors may have significantly greater financial, technical, and marketing resources than we do, and the costs associated with asserting our intellectual property rights against such products and such potential competitors could be significant. Moreover, if such alternative designs were determined by a court not to require a license under our intellectual property rights, competition from such unlicensed products could limit or reduce our revenues.
COMPETITION IN THE MEDICAL MARKET MAY REDUCE OUR REVENUE.
If the medical simulation market develops as we anticipate, we believe that we will have a greater number of competitors and may have competition in product lines where we have previously enjoyed sole supplier status. Increased competition may result in the decline of our revenue and may cause us to reduce our selling prices.
COMPETITION IN THE MOBILITY MARKET MAY INCREASE OUR COSTS AND REDUCE OUR REVENUE.
If the mobility market develops as we anticipate, we believe that we will face a greater number of competitors. These potential competitors may have significantly greater financial and technical resources than we do, and the costs associated with competing with such potential competitors could be significant. Additionally, increased competition may result in the reduction of our market share and/or cause us to reduce our prices, which may result in a decline in our revenue.
IF WE ARE UNABLE TO CONTINUALLY IMPROVE AND REDUCE THE COST OF OUR TECHNOLOGIES, COMPANIES MAY NOT INCORPORATE OUR TECHNOLOGIES INTO THEIR PRODUCTS, WHICH COULD IMPAIR OUR REVENUE GROWTH.
Our ability to achieve revenue growth depends on our continuing ability to improve and reduce the cost of our technologies and to introduce these technologies to the marketplace in a timely manner. If our development efforts are not successful or are significantly delayed, companies may not incorporate our technologies into their products and our revenue growth may be impaired.
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IF WE FAIL TO DEVELOP NEW OR ENHANCED TECHNOLOGIES FOR NEW APPLICATIONS AND PLATFORMS, WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO CREATE A MARKET FOR OUR TECHNOLOGIES OR OUR TECHNOLOGIES MAY BECOME OBSOLETE AND OUR ABILITY TO GROW AND OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS MIGHT BE HARMED.
Our initiatives to develop new and enhanced technologies and to commercialize these technologies for new applications and new platforms may not be successful. Any new or enhanced technologies may not be favorably received by consumers and could damage our reputation or our brand. Expanding our technologies could also require significant additional expenses and strain our management, financial, and operational resources. Moreover, technology products generally have relatively short product life cycles and our current products may become obsolete in the future. Our ability to generate revenues will be harmed if:
| we fail to develop new technologies or products; | |||
| the technologies we develop infringe on existing non-Immersion patents; | |||
| our new technologies fail to gain market acceptance; or | |||
| our current products become obsolete. |
WE DEPEND ON A SINGLE SUPPLIER TO PRODUCE SOME OF OUR MEDICAL SIMULATORS AND MAY LOSE CUSTOMERS IF THIS SUPPLIER DOES NOT MEET OUR REQUIREMENTS.
We have one supplier for some of our custom medical simulators. Any disruption in the manufacturing process from our sole supplier could adversely affect our ability to deliver our products and ensure quality workmanship and could result in a reduction of our product sales. Additionally, the single supplier could increase prices and thereby erode our margins before we are able to find an alternative source.
MEDICAL LICENSING AND CERTIFICATION AUTHORITIES MAY NOT RECOMMEND OR REQUIRE USE OF OUR TECHNOLOGIES FOR TRAINING AND/OR TESTING PURPOSES, SIGNIFICANTLY SLOWING OR INHIBITING THE MARKET PENETRATION OF OUR MEDICAL SIMULATION TECHNOLOGIES.
Several key medical certification bodies, including the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM), and the American College of Cardiology (ACC), have great influence in recommending particular medical methodologies, including medical training and testing methodologies, for use by medical professionals. In the event that the ABIM and the ACC, as well as other, similar bodies, do not endorse medical simulation products as a training and/or testing vehicle, market penetration for our products could be significantly and adversely affected.
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AUTOMOBILES INCORPORATING OUR TOUCH-ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES ARE SUBJECT TO LENGTHY PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERIODS, MAKING IT DIFFICULT TO PREDICT WHEN AND WHETHER WE WILL RECEIVE PER UNIT AUTOMOTIVE ROYALTIES.
The product development process for automobiles is very lengthy, sometimes longer than four years. We do not earn per unit royalty revenue on our automotive technologies unless and until automobiles featuring our technologies are shipped to customers, which may not occur until several years after we enter into an agreement with an automobile manufacturer or a supplier to an automobile manufacturer. Throughout the product development process, we face the risk that an automobile manufacturer or supplier may delay the incorporation of, or choose not to incorporate, our technologies into its automobiles, making it difficult for us to predict the per unit automotive royalties we may receive, if any. After the product launches, our royalties still depend on market acceptance of the vehicle or the option packages if our technology is an option (e.g. a navigation unit), which is likely to be determined by many factors beyond our control.
WE MIGHT BE UNABLE TO RETAIN OR RECRUIT NECESSARY PERSONNEL, WHICH COULD SLOW THE DEVELOPMENT AND DEPLOYMENT OF OUR TECHNOLOGIES.
Our ability to develop and deploy our technologies and to sustain our revenue growth depends upon the continued service of our management and other key personnel, many of whom would be difficult to replace. Management and other key employees may voluntarily terminate their employment with us at any time upon short notice. The loss of management or key personnel could delay product development cycles or otherwise harm our business.
We believe that our future success will also depend largely on our ability to attract, integrate, and retain sales, support, marketing, and research and development personnel. Competition for such personnel is intense, and we may not be successful in attracting, integrating, and retaining such personnel. Given the protracted nature of if, how, and when we collect royalties on new design contracts, it may be difficult to craft compensation plans that will attract and retain the level of salesmanship needed to secure these contracts. Some of our executive officers and key employees hold stock options with exercise prices considerably above the current market price of our common stock. Each of these factors may impair our ability to retain the services of our executive officers and key employees. Our technologies are complex and we rely upon the continued service of our existing engineering personnel to support licensees, enhance existing technologies, and develop new technologies.
OUR MAJOR STOCKHOLDERS RETAIN SIGNIFICANT CONTROL OVER US, WHICH MAY LEAD TO CONFLICTS WITH OTHER STOCKHOLDERS OVER CORPORATE GOVERNANCE MATTERS AND COULD ALSO AFFECT THE VOLATILITY OF OUR STOCK PRICE.
We currently have, have had in the past, and may have in the future, stockholders who retain greater than 10%, or in some cases greater than 20%, of our outstanding stock. Acting together, these stockholders would be able to exercise significant influence over matters that our stockholders vote upon, including the election of directors and mergers or other business combinations, which could have the effect of delaying or preventing a third party from acquiring control over or merging with us. Further, if any individuals in this group elect to sell a significant portion or all of their holdings of our common stock, the trading price of our common stock could experience volatility.
BECAUSE PERSONAL COMPUTER PERIPHERAL PRODUCTS THAT INCORPORATE OUR TOUCH-ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES CURRENTLY MUST WORK WITH MICROSOFTS OPERATING SYSTEM SOFTWARE, OUR COSTS COULD INCREASE AND OUR REVENUES COULD DECLINE IF MICROSOFT MODIFIES ITS OPERATING SYSTEM SOFTWARE.
Our hardware and software technologies for personal computer peripheral products that incorporate our touch-enabling technologies is currently compatible with Microsofts Windows 2000, Windows Me, and Windows XP operating systems, including DirectX, Microsofts entertainment applications programming interface. If Microsoft modifies its operating system, including DirectX, we may need to modify our technologies and this could cause delays in the release of products by our licensees. If Microsoft modifies its software products in ways that limit the use of our other licensees products, our costs could increase and our revenues could decline.
LEGISLATIVE ACTIONS, HIGHER INSURANCE COST, AND POTENTIAL NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS ARE LIKELY TO IMPACT OUR FUTURE FINANCIAL POSITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
There have been regulatory changes, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and there may potentially be new accounting pronouncements or additional regulatory rulings that will have an impact on our future financial position and
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results of operations. These changes and other legal changes, as well as proposed legislative initiatives following the Enron bankruptcy, are likely to increase general and administrative costs. In addition, insurers are likely to increase premiums as a result of high claims rates over the past year, which we expect will increase our premiums for our various insurance policies. Further, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) recently enacted Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 123R which will require us to adopt a different method of determining the compensation expense of our employee stock options. SFAS No. 123R may have a significant adverse effect on our reported financial conditions and may impact the way we conduct our business. These and other potential changes could materially increase the expenses we report under generally accepted accounting principles, and adversely affect our operating results.
FAILURE TO MAINTAIN EFFECTIVE INTERNAL CONTROLS IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 404 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT COULD HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR BUSINESS AND STOCK PRICE.
If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, as such standards are modified, supplemented, or amended from time to time, we may not be able to ensure that we can conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal controls over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Failure to maintain an effective internal control environment could have a material adverse effect on our business and stock price.
IF OUR FACILITIES WERE TO EXPERIENCE CATASTROPHIC LOSS, OUR OPERATIONS WOULD BE SERIOUSLY HARMED.
Our facilities could be subject to a catastrophic loss such as fire, flood, earthquake, power outage, or terrorist activity. California has experienced problems with its power supply in recent years. As a result, we have experienced utility cost increases and may experience unexpected interruptions in our power supply that could have a material adverse effect on our sales, results of operations, and financial condition. In addition, a substantial portion of our research and development activities, manufacturing, our corporate headquarters, and other critical business operations are located near major earthquake faults in San Jose, California, an area with a history of seismic events. Any such loss at our facilities could disrupt our operations, delay production, shipments, and revenue, and result in large expenses to repair and replace the facility. While we believe that we maintain insurance sufficient to cover most long-term potential losses at our facilities, our existing insurance may not be adequate for all possible losses.
WE HAVE EXPERIENCED SIGNIFICANT CHANGE IN OUR BUSINESS, AND OUR FAILURE TO MANAGE THE COMPLEXITIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE CHANGING ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT AND TECHNOLOGY LANDSCAPE COULD HARM OUR BUSINESS.
Any future periods of rapid change may place significant strains on our managerial, financial, engineering, and other resources. Further economic weakness, in combination with our complex technologies, may demand an unusually high level of managerial effectiveness in anticipating, planning, coordinating, and meeting our operational needs as well as the needs of our licensees.
WE MAY ENGAGE IN ACQUISITIONS THAT COULD DILUTE STOCKHOLDERS INTERESTS, DIVERT MANAGEMENT ATTENTION, OR CAUSE INTEGRATION PROBLEMS.
As part of our business strategy, we have in the past and may in the future, acquire businesses or intellectual property that we feel could complement our business, enhance our technical capabilities, or increase our intellectual property portfolio. If we consummate acquisitions through cash and/or an exchange of our securities, our stockholders could suffer significant dilution. Acquisitions could also create risks for us, including:
| unanticipated costs associated with the acquisitions; | |||
| use of substantial portions of our available cash to consummate the acquisitions; | |||
| diversion of managements attention from other business concerns; | |||
| difficulties in assimilation of acquired personnel or operations; and | |||
| potential intellectual property infringement claims related to newly acquired product lines. |
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Any acquisitions, even if successfully completed, might not generate significant additional revenue or provide any benefit to our business.
OUR CURRENT CLASS ACTION LAWSUIT COULD BE EXPENSIVE, DISRUPTIVE, AND TIME CONSUMING TO DEFEND AGAINST, AND IF WE ARE NOT SUCCESSFUL, COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR BUSINESS.
We are involved in legal proceedings relating to a class action lawsuit filed on November 9, 2001, In re Immersion Corporation Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation, No. Civ. 01-9975 (S.D.N.Y.), related to In re Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation, No. 21 MC 92 (S.D.N.Y.). The named defendants are us and three of our current or former officers or directors (the Immersion Defendants), and certain underwriters of our November 12, 1999 initial public offering (IPO). Subsequently, two of the individual defendants stipulated to a dismissal without prejudice.
The operative amended complaint is brought on purported behalf of all persons who purchased the common stock of Immersion from the date of the IPO through December 6, 2000. It alleges liability under Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, on the grounds that the registration statement for the IPO did not disclose that: (1) the underwriters agreed to allow certain customers to purchase shares in the IPO in exchange for excess commissions to be paid to the underwriters; and (2) the underwriters arranged for certain customers to purchase additional shares in the aftermarket at predetermined prices. The complaint also appears to allege that false or misleading analyst reports were issued. The complaint does not claim any specific amount of damages.
Similar allegations were made in other lawsuits challenging over 300 other initial public offerings and follow-on offerings conducted in 1999 and 2000. The cases were consolidated for pretrial purposes. On February 19, 2003, the Court ruled on all defendants motions to dismiss. The motion was denied as to claims under the Securities Act of 1933 in the case involving Immersion, as well as in all other cases (except for 10 cases). The motion was denied as to the claim under Section 10(b) as to Immersion, on the basis that the complaint alleged that Immersion had made acquisition(s) following the IPO. The motion was granted as to the claim under Section 10(b), but denied as to the claim under Section 20(a), as to the remaining individual defendant.
We and most of the issuer defendants have settled with the plaintiffs. In this settlement, plaintiffs have dismissed and released all claims against the Immersion Defendants, in exchange for a contingent payment by the insurance companies collectively responsible for insuring the issuers in all of the IPO cases, and for the assignment or surrender of certain claims we may have against the underwriters. The Immersion Defendants will not be required to make any cash payments in the settlement, unless the pro rata amount paid by the insurers in the settlement exceeds the amount of the insurance coverage, a circumstance which we believe is remote. The settlement will require approval of the Court, which cannot be assured, after class members are given the opportunity to object to the settlement or opt out of the settlement. The Court has set a hearing date of January 9, 2006, to consider final approval of the settlement.
IF WE FAIL TO COMPLY WITH NASDAQS MAINTENANCE CRITERIA FOR CONTINUED LISTING ON THE NASDAQ NATIONAL MARKET, OUR COMMON STOCK COULD BE DELISTED.
To maintain the listing of our common stock on the Nasdaq National Market, we are required to comply with one of two sets of maintenance criteria for continued listing. Under the first set of criteria, among other things, we must maintain stockholders equity of at least $10 million, the market value of our publicly held common stock (excluding shares held by our affiliates) must be at least $5 million, and the minimum bid price for our common stock must be at least $1.00 per share. Under the second set of criteria, among other things, the market value of our common stock must be at least $50 million or we must have both $50 million in assets and $50 million in revenues, the market value of our publicly held shares must be at least $15 million, and the minimum bid price for our common stock must be at least $1.00 per share. As of March 31, 2005, our most recent balance sheet date, we had a deficit in stockholders equity, and therefore would not have been in compliance with the first set of listing criteria as of that date. Although we were in compliance with the second set of criteria, should the price of our common stock decline to the point where the aggregate value of our outstanding common stock falls below $50 million, the value of our publicly held shares falls below $15 million, or the bid price of our common stock falls below $1.00 per share, our shares could be delisted from the Nasdaq National Market. If we are unable to comply with the applicable criteria and our common stock is delisted from the Nasdaq National Market, it would likely be more difficult to effect trades and to determine the market price of our common stock. In addition, delisting of our common stock could materially affect the market price and liquidity of our common stock and our future ability to raise necessary capital.
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OUR STOCK PRICE MAY FLUCTUATE REGARDLESS OF OUR PERFORMANCE.
The stock market has experienced extreme volatility that often has been unrelated or disproportionate to the performance of particular companies. These market fluctuations may cause our stock price to decline regardless of our performance. The market price of our common stock has been, and in the future could be, significantly affected by factors such as: actual or anticipated fluctuations in operating results; announcements of technical innovations; announcements regarding litigation in which we are involved; new products or new contracts; sales or the perception in the market of possible sales of large number of shares of Immersion common stock by insiders or others; changes in securities analysts recommendations; changing circumstances regarding competitors or their customers; governmental regulatory action; developments with respect to patents or proprietary rights; inclusion in or exclusion from various stock indices; and general market conditions. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a companys securities, securities class action litigation has been initiated against that company, such as the suit currently filed against us.
PROVISIONS IN OUR CHARTER DOCUMENTS AND DELAWARE LAW COULD PREVENT OR DELAY A CHANGE IN CONTROL, WHICH COULD REDUCE THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK.
Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control or changes in our management. In addition, certain provisions of Delaware law may discourage, delay, or prevent someone from acquiring or merging with us. These provisions could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares.
ISSUANCE OF THE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK UPON CONVERSION OF DEBENTURES AND EXERCISE OF WARRANTS WILL DILUTE THE OWNERSHIP INTEREST OF EXISTING STOCKHOLDERS AND COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK.
The issuance of shares of common stock in the following circumstances will dilute the ownership interest of existing stockholders: (i) upon conversion of some or all of the convertible debentures and (ii) upon exercise of some or all of the warrants. Any sales in the public market of the common stock issuable upon such conversion or upon such exercise, respectively, could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our common stock. In addition, the existence of these convertible debentures and warrants may encourage short selling by market participants.
OUR CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES PROVIDE FOR VARIOUS EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND CHANGE OF CONTROL TRANSACTIONS THAT WOULD ENTITLE THE SELLING STOCKHOLDERS TO REQUIRE US TO REPAY THE ENTIRE AMOUNT OWED IN CASH. IF AN EVENT OF DEFAULT OR CHANGE OF CONTROL OCCURS, WE MAY BE UNABLE TO IMMEDIATELY REPAY THE AMOUNT OWED, AND ANY REPAYMENT MAY LEAVE US WITH LITTLE OR NO WORKING CAPITAL IN OUR BUSINESS.
Our convertible debentures provide for various events of default, such as the termination of trading of our common stock on the Nasdaq Stock Market, and specified change of control transactions. If an event of default or change of control occurs prior to maturity, we may be required to redeem all or part of the convertible debentures, including payment of applicable interest and penalties. Some of the events of default include matters over which we may have some, little, or no control. Many other events of default are described in the agreements we executed when we issued the convertible debentures. If an event of default or a change of control occurs, we may be required to repay the entire amount, plus liquidated damages, in cash. Any such repayment could leave us with little or no working capital for our business. We have not established a sinking fund for payment of our outstanding convertible debentures, nor do we anticipate doing so.
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We have limited exposure to financial market risks, including changes in interest rates. The fair value of our investment portfolio or related income would not be significantly impacted by a 100 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates due mainly to the short-term nature of the major portion of our investment portfolio. An increase or decrease in interest rates would not significantly increase or decrease interest expense on debt obligations due to the fixed nature of our debt obligations. Our foreign operations are limited in scope and thus we are not materially exposed to foreign currency fluctuations.
As of March 31, 2005, we had outstanding $20.0 million of fixed rate long-term convertible debentures. The holder of a 5% Convertible Debenture has the right to convert the outstanding principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest in whole or in part into our common shares at a price of $7.0265 per common share, the conversion price. In the event of a change of control, a holder may require us to redeem all or a portion of their 5% Convertible Debenture, the Put Option. The redeemed portion shall be redeemed at a price equal to the redeemed amount multiplied by (a) 110% of the principal amount of the 5% Convertible Debenture if the change of control occurs on or prior to December 23, 2005, (b) 105% of the principal amount of the 5% Convertible Debenture if the change of control occurs after December 23, 2005 and on or prior to December 23, 2006, or (c) 100% of the principal amount of the 5% Convertible Debenture if the change of control occurs after December 23, 2006. Commencing on December 23, 2005, if the daily volume-weighted average price of our common shares has been at or above 200% of the conversion price for at least 20 consecutive trading days and certain other conditions are met, we have the right to (i) require the holder of a 5% Convertible Debenture to convert the debenture in whole, including interest, into shares of our common stock at a price of $7.0265 per common share, as may be adjusted under the debenture, as set forth and subject to the conditions in the 5% Convertible Debenture, or (ii) redeem the 5% Convertible Debenture. If we make either of the foregoing elections with respect to any 5% Convertible Debenture, we must make the same election with respect to all 5% Convertible Debentures.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Controls and Procedures
Based on their evaluation as of March 31, 2005, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) were sufficiently effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q was recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SECs rules for 10-Q.
There were no changes to internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2005 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially effect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal controls will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within Immersion have been detected.
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
In re Immersion Corporation
We are involved in legal proceedings relating to a class action lawsuit filed on November 9, 2001, In re Immersion Corporation Initial Public
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Offering Securities Litigation, No. Civ. 01-9975 (S.D.N.Y.), related to In re Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation, No. 21 MC 92 (S.D.N.Y.). The named defendants are us and three of our current or former officers or directors (the Immersion Defendants), and certain underwriters of our November 12, 1999 initial public offering (IPO). Subsequently, two of the individual defendants stipulated to a dismissal without prejudice.
The operative amended complaint is brought on purported behalf of all persons who purchased the common stock of Immersion from the date of the IPO through December 6, 2000. It alleges liability under Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, on the grounds that the registration statement for the IPO did not disclose that: (1) the underwriters agreed to allow certain customers to purchase shares in the IPO in exchange for excess commissions to be paid to the underwriters; and (2) the underwriters arranged for certain customers to purchase additional shares in the aftermarket at predetermined prices. The complaint also appears to allege that false or misleading analyst reports were issued. The complaint does not claim any specific amount of damages.
Similar allegations were made in other lawsuits challenging over 300 other initial public offerings and follow-on offerings conducted in 1999 and 2000. The cases were consolidated for pretrial purposes. On February 19, 2003, the Court ruled on all defendants motions to dismiss. The motion was denied as to claims under the Securities Act of 1933 in the case involving Immersion, as well as in all other cases (except for 10 cases). The motion was denied as to the claim under Section 10(b) as to Immersion, on the basis that the complaint alleged that Immersion had made acquisition(s) following the IPO. The motion was granted as to the claim under Section 10(b), but denied as to the claim under Section 20(a), as to the remaining individual defendant.
We and most of the issuer defendants have settled with the plaintiffs. In this settlement, plaintiffs have dismissed and released all claims against the Immersion Defendants, in exchange for a contingent payment by the insurance companies collectively responsible for insuring the issuers in all of the IPO cases, and for the assignment or surrender of certain claims we may have against the underwriters. The Immersion Defendants will not be required to make any cash payments in the settlement, unless the pro rata amount paid by the insurers in the settlement exceeds the amount of the insurance coverage, a circumstance which we believe is remote. The settlement will require approval of the Court, which cannot be assured, after class members are given the opportunity to object to the settlement or opt out of the settlement. The Court has set a hearing date of January 9, 2006, to consider final approval of the settlement.
Immersion Corporation vs. Microsoft Corporation, Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. and Sony Computer Entertainment of America, Inc.
On February 11, 2002, we filed a complaint against Microsoft Corporation, Sony Computer Entertainment, Inc., and Sony Computer Entertainment of America, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District Court of California alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 5,889,672 and 6,275,213. The case was assigned to United States District Judge Claudia Wilken. On April 4, 2002, Sony Computer Entertainment and Microsoft answered the complaint by denying the material allegations and alleging counterclaims seeking a judicial declaration that the asserted patents were invalid, unenforceable, or not infringed. Under the counterclaims, the defendants were also seeking damages for attorneys fees. On October 8, 2002, we filed an amended complaint, withdrawing the claim under the U.S. Patent No. 5,899,672 and adding claims under a new patent, U.S. Patent No. 6,424,333.
On July 28, 2003, we announced that we had settled our legal differences with Microsoft, and we and Microsoft agreed to dismiss all claims and counterclaims relating to this matter as well as assume financial responsibility for our respective legal costs with respect to the lawsuit between Immersion and Microsoft.
On August 16, 2004, the trial against the Sony Computer Entertainment Defendants commenced. On September 21, 2004, the jury returned its verdict in favor of Immersion. The jury found all the asserted claims of the patents valid and infringed. The jury awarded Immersion damages in the amount of $82.0 million. On January 10, 2005, the Court awarded Immersion prejudgment interest on the damages the jury awarded at the applicable prime rate. The Court further ordered Sony Computer Entertainment to pay Immersion a compulsory license fee at the rate of 1.37%, the ratio of the verdict amount to the amount of sales of infringing products, effective as of July 1, 2004 and through the date of judgment. On February 9, 2005, the Court ordered that Sony Computer Entertainment provide Immersion with sales data 15 days after the end of each quarter and clarifying that Sony Computer Entertainment shall make the ordered payment 45 days after the end of the applicable quarter. The Court denied Sony Computer Entertainments request that payment be made to an escrow instead of directly to Immersion.
On February 9, 2005, Sony Computer Entertainment filed a Notice of Appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit to appeal the Courts January 10, 2005 order, and on February 10, 2005 Sony Computer Entertainment
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filed an Amended Notice of Appeal to include an appeal from the Courts February 9, 2005 order. Thereafter, Sony filed a motion with the Federal Circuit to stay payment of the compulsory license until the appeal is decided. On April 7, 2005, the Federal Circuit denied Sonys motion to stay on procedural grounds. Immersion also moved to dismiss Sonys appeal on the grounds that a separate appeal from the January 10, 2005 and February 10, 2005 orders after entry of judgment was not proper. The Federal Circuit has not yet decided this motion, and no date has been set yet for a hearing on Sonys appeal of the January 10, 2005 and February 10, 2005 orders should it proceed. On February 14, 2005, Sony Computer Entertainment made a payment to Immersion pursuant to the Courts orders. Although Immersion has received the payment, we may be required to return this and any future payments based on the outcome of an appeals process.
On January 5 and 6, 2005, the Court also held a bench trial on Defendants remaining allegations that the 333 patent was not enforceable due to alleged inequitable conduct. On March 24, 2005, the Court resolved this issue, entering a written order finding in favor of Immersion. On March 24, 2005, Judge Wilken also entered judgment in Immersions favor and awarded Immersion $82.0 million in past damages, and pre-judgment interest in the amount of $8.7 million, for a total of $90.7 million. Immersion was also awarded its court costs. Court costs do not include attorneys fees.
Additionally, the Court issued a permanent injunction against the manufacture, use, sale, or import into the United States of the infringing Sony PlayStation system consisting of the PlayStation consoles, Dual Shock controllers, and the 47 games found by the jury to infringe Immersions patents. The Court stayed the permanent injunction pending appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. The Court further ordered Sony to pay a compulsory license fee at the rate of 1.37% for the duration of the stay of the permanent injunction at the same rate and conditions as previously awarded in its interim January 10, 2005 and February 9, 2005 Orders. On April 7, 2005 pursuant to a stipulation of the parties, the Court entered an Amended Judgment to clarify that the Judgment in favor of Immersion and against Sony also encompassed Sonys counterclaims for declaratory relief on invalidity and unenforceability, as well as non-infringement.
Sony Computer Entertainment also has filed further motions seeking judgment as a matter of a law (JMOL) or for a new trial, and a motion for a stay of an accounting and execution of the judgment. These motions are currently set for hearing on May 13, 2005. We expect that when these motions are resolved, Sony will appeal the judgment to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. On April 27, 2005 the Court granted Sonys request to approve a supersedeas bond, secured by a cash deposit with the Court in the amount of $102.5 million, to obtain a stay of enforcement of the Courts Amended Judgment pending appeal. Sonys motion for a stay pending appeal of the judgment without any security, or with an alternate form of security, remains pending.
We expect that Sony Computer Entertainment will appeal the judgment that is entered based on the jury verdict to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict how the Court of Appeals would decide an appeal. We anticipate that the litigation will continue to be costly, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to recover the costs we incur in connection with the litigation. We expense litigation costs as incurred and only accrue for costs that have been incurred but not paid to the vendor as of the financial statement date. The litigation has diverted, and is likely to continue to divert, the efforts and attention of some of our key management and personnel. As a result, until such time as it is resolved, the litigation could adversely affect our business. Further, any unfavorable outcome could adversely affect our business.
In the event we settle our lawsuit with Sony Computer Entertainment, we will be obligated to pay certain sums to Microsoft as described in Note 8 to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. If Sony Computer Entertainment ultimately were successful on further post-trial motions or on appeal, the assets relating to the patents in the lawsuit may be impaired, and Sony Computer Entertainment may seek additional relief, such as attorneys fees. We currently believe it is unlikely that our patents will be deemed invalid and/or unenforceable in connection with the post-trial motions or appeal by Sony Computer Entertainment. We cannot at this time estimate the amount of a possible loss associated with the possible impairment, if any, of these assets nor can we forecast the amount of any future revenue streams that may be affected.
On October 20, 2004, Internet Services LLC, an Immersion licensee and cross-claim defendant against whom Sony Computer Entertainment had filed a claim seeking declaratory relief, filed claims against Immersion alleging that Immersion breached a contract with ISLLC by suing Sony Computer Entertainment for patent infringement relating to haptically-enabled software whose topics or images are allegedly age restricted, for judicial apportionment of damages awarded by the jury between ISLLC and Immersion, and for a judicial declaration with respect to ISLLCs rights and duties under agreements with Immersion. On December 29, 2004, the Court issued an order dismissing ISLLCs claims against Sony Computer Entertainment with prejudice and dismissing ISLLCs claims against Immersion without
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prejudice to ISLLC filing a new complaint if it can do so in good faith without contradicting, or repeating the deficiency of, its complaint. On January 12, 2005, ISLLC filed Amended Cross-Claims and Counterclaims against Immersion that contain similar claims. ISLLC also realleged counterclaims against Sony Computer Entertainment. On January 28, 2005, Immersion filed a motion to dismiss ISLLCs Amended Cross-Claims and a motion to strike ISLLCs Counterclaims against Sony Computer Entertainment. On March 24, 2005 the Court issued an order dismissing ISLLCs claims with prejudice as to ISLLCs claim seeking a declaratory judgment that it is an exclusive licensee under the 213 and 333 patents and as to ISLLCs claim seeking judicial apportionment of the damages verdict in the Sony case. The Courts order further dismissed ISLLCs claims without prejudice as to ISLLCs breach of contract and unjust enrichment claims. ISLLC filed a notice of appeal of those orders with the Federal Circuit on April 18, 2005.
Immersion Corporation vs. Electro Source LLC
On September 24, 2004, we filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California a complaint for patent infringement against Electro Source LLC (Case No. 04-CV-4040 CW). Electro Source is a leading seller of video game peripherals under the Pelican Accessories brand. Immersions Complaint alleges that Electro Source has willfully infringed, and continues to willfully infringe, the same two patents asserted in our litigation against Sony Computer Entertainment. The Complaint seeks injunctive relief, as well as damages in an amount to be proven at trial, trebled due to Electro Sources willful infringement, and attorneys fees and costs. Electro Source filed an answer to the Complaint denying the material allegations and asserting against Immersion counterclaims seeking a judicial declaration that the asserted patents are invalid, unenforceable, and not infringed.
On February 3, 2005, the Court entered a Case Management Order that set pretrial dates relating to discovery and other matters and scheduled trial to begin June 5, 2006. The parties are in the process of conducting discovery. We intend to vigorously pursue our claims against Electro Source.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
The following exhibits are filed herewith:
Exhibit | ||
Number | Description | |
31.1
|
Certification of Victor Viegas, President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2
|
Certification of Stephen Ambler, Chief Financial Officer and Vice President, Finance, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.1
|
Certification of Victor Viegas, President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.2
|
Certification of Stephen Ambler, Chief Financial Officer and Vice President, Finance, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Date: May 12, 2005
IMMERSION CORPORATION | ||||||
By | /s/ | STEPHEN AMBLER | ||||
Stephen Ambler |
||||||
Chief Financial Officer and Vice President, Finance |
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit | |||
Number | Description | . | |
31.1
|
Certification of Victor Viegas, President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | ||
31.2
|
Certification of Stephen Ambler, Chief Financial Officer and Vice President, Finance, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | ||
32.1
|
Certification of Victor Viegas, President, Chief Executive Officer, and Director, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | ||
32.2
|
Certification of Stephen Ambler, Chief Financial Officer and Vice President, Finance, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |