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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
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þ
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005 |
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or |
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o
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the transition period
from to |
Commission file number 000-24821
eBay Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware |
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74-0430924 |
(State or other jurisdiction of |
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(I.R.S. Employer |
incorporation or organization) |
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Identification Number) |
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2145 Hamilton Avenue |
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95125 |
San Jose, California |
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(Zip Code) |
(Address of principal executive offices) |
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(408) 376-7400
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has
filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or
15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has
been subject to such filing requirements for the past
90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated
filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act). Yes þ No o
As of April 22, 2005, there were 1,349,049,731 shares of
the registrants common stock, $0.001 par value,
outstanding, which is the only class of common or voting stock
of the registrant issued.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
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Item 1: |
Financial Statements |
eBay Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
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December 31, | |
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March 31, | |
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2004 | |
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2005 | |
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(In thousands, except | |
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par value amounts) | |
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(Unaudited) | |
ASSETS |
Current assets:
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Cash and cash equivalents
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$ |
1,330,045 |
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$ |
1,216,772 |
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Short-term investments
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682,004 |
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799,037 |
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Accounts receivable, net
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240,856 |
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270,435 |
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Funds receivable from customers
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123,424 |
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209,379 |
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Restricted cash and investments
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155,405 |
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30,554 |
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Other current assets
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379,415 |
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421,875 |
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Total current assets
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2,911,149 |
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2,948,052 |
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Long-term investments
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1,266,289 |
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1,417,576 |
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Restricted cash and investments
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1,418 |
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1,076 |
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Property and equipment, net
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709,773 |
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693,460 |
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Goodwill
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2,709,794 |
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3,078,177 |
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Intangible assets, net
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362,909 |
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402,864 |
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Other assets
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29,719 |
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47,953 |
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$ |
7,991,051 |
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$ |
8,589,158 |
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LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
Current liabilities:
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Accounts payable
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$ |
37,958 |
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$ |
58,766 |
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Funds payable and amounts due to customers
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331,805 |
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484,623 |
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Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
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421,969 |
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440,220 |
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Deferred revenue and customer advances
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50,439 |
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42,806 |
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Short-term obligations
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124,272 |
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Income taxes payable
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118,427 |
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122,691 |
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Total current liabilities
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1,084,870 |
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1,149,106 |
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Deferred tax liabilities, net
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135,971 |
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170,434 |
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Other liabilities
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37,773 |
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34,761 |
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Minority interests
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4,096 |
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51 |
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Total liabilities
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1,262,710 |
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1,354,352 |
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Stockholders equity:
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Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value;
10,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding
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Common Stock, $0.001 par value; 1,790,000 shares
authorized; 1,338,608 and 1,348,836 shares issued and
outstanding
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1,339 |
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1,349 |
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Additional paid-in capital
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4,855,717 |
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5,121,108 |
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Unearned stock-based compensation
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(4,825 |
) |
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(4,275 |
) |
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Retained earnings
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1,634,468 |
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1,890,759 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive income
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241,642 |
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225,865 |
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Total stockholders equity
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6,728,341 |
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7,234,806 |
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$ |
7,991,051 |
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$ |
8,589,158 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed
consolidated financial statements.
2
eBay Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME
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Three Months Ended | |
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March 31, | |
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2004 | |
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2005 | |
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(In thousands, except per | |
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share amounts) | |
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(Unaudited) | |
Net revenues
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$ |
756,239 |
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$ |
1,031,724 |
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Cost of net revenues
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134,358 |
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186,369 |
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Gross profit
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621,881 |
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845,355 |
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Operating expenses:
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Sales and marketing
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192,690 |
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271,349 |
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Product development
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52,698 |
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73,789 |
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General and administrative
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90,636 |
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136,389 |
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Payroll tax on employee stock options
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5,146 |
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5,731 |
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Amortization of acquired intangible assets
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13,963 |
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22,523 |
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Total operating expenses
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355,133 |
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509,781 |
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Income from operations
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266,748 |
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335,574 |
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Interest and other income, net
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23,499 |
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22,403 |
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Interest expense
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(2,331 |
) |
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(1,720 |
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Income before income taxes and minority interests
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287,916 |
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356,257 |
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Provision for income taxes
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(85,756 |
) |
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(99,948 |
) |
Minority interests
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(2,060 |
) |
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(18 |
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Net income
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$ |
200,100 |
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$ |
256,291 |
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Net income per share:
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Basic
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$ |
0.15 |
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$ |
0.19 |
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Diluted
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$ |
0.15 |
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$ |
0.19 |
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Weighted average shares:
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Basic
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1,305,002 |
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1,343,442 |
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Diluted
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1,347,596 |
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1,382,150 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed
consolidated financial statements.
3
eBay Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
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Three Months Ended | |
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March 31, | |
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2004 | |
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2005 | |
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(In thousands) | |
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(Unaudited) | |
Net income
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$ |
200,100 |
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$ |
256,291 |
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Other comprehensive income (loss):
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Foreign currency translation
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5,061 |
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(13,687 |
) |
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Unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net
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2,517 |
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(4,872 |
) |
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Investment gains included in net income
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36 |
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54 |
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Unrealized gains on cash flow hedges
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665 |
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1,414 |
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Estimated tax benefit (provision)
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(1,293 |
) |
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1,314 |
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Net change in other comprehensive income (loss)
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6,986 |
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(15,777 |
) |
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Comprehensive income
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$ |
207,086 |
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$ |
240,514 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed
consolidated financial statements.
4
eBay Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
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Three Months Ended | |
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March 31, | |
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2004 | |
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2005 | |
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(In thousands) | |
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(Unaudited) | |
Cash flows from operating activities:
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Net income
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$ |
200,100 |
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$ |
256,291 |
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Adjustments:
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Provision for doubtful accounts and authorized credits
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15,604 |
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22,024 |
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Provision for transaction losses
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11,644 |
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18,579 |
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Depreciation and amortization
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55,685 |
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79,660 |
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Amortization of unearned stock-based compensation
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|
556 |
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3,596 |
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Tax benefit on the exercise of employee stock options
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76,640 |
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84,992 |
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Minority interests
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|
2,060 |
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18 |
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Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisition effects:
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Accounts receivable
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(15,054 |
) |
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(54,162 |
) |
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Funds receivable from customers
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(61,691 |
) |
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(77,333 |
) |
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Other current assets
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(115,745 |
) |
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1,203 |
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Other non-current assets
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(4,667 |
) |
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(8,361 |
) |
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Deferred tax liabilities, net
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(2,621 |
) |
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|
2,240 |
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Accounts payable
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|
42,341 |
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|
20,909 |
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Funds payable and amounts due to customers
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|
143,652 |
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|
168,928 |
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Accrued expenses and other liabilities
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2,024 |
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(21,838 |
) |
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Deferred revenue and customer advances
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7,850 |
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(6,975 |
) |
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Income taxes payable
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7,867 |
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|
5,648 |
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Net cash provided by operating activities
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366,245 |
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495,419 |
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Cash flows from investing activities:
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Purchases of property and equipment, net
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(70,912 |
) |
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(79,584 |
) |
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Purchases of investments
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(823,783 |
) |
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(368,094 |
) |
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Maturities and sales of investments
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517,428 |
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245,665 |
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Purchases of intangible and other non-current assets
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(945 |
) |
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Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
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(34,663 |
) |
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(445,008 |
) |
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Net cash used in investing activities
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(412,875 |
) |
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(647,021 |
) |
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Cash flows from financing activities:
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Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net
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|
173,089 |
|
|
|
179,279 |
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Payment of headquarters facility lease obligation
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|
|
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(126,390 |
) |
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Principal payments on long-term obligations
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|
(1,147 |
) |
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|
(1,849 |
) |
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Net cash provided by financing activities
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|
171,942 |
|
|
|
51,040 |
|
|
|
|
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Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
|
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|
(5,117 |
) |
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|
(12,711 |
) |
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|
|
|
|
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
120,195 |
|
|
|
(113,273 |
) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
|
|
|
1,381,513 |
|
|
|
1,330,045 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
|
|
$ |
1,501,708 |
|
|
$ |
1,216,772 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed
consolidated financial statements.
5
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
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Note 1 |
The Company and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
eBay Inc. (eBay) was incorporated in California in
May 1996, and reincorporated in Delaware in April 1998. As of
March 31, 2005, through our wholly-owned and majority-owned
subsidiaries and affiliates, we had websites directed toward the
United States, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, China,
France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Ireland, Italy, Malaysia, the
Netherlands, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore,
South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan and the
United Kingdom. We pioneered online trading by developing an
Internet-based community in which buyers and sellers are brought
together to buy and sell almost anything. The eBay online
service permits sellers to list items for sale, buyers to bid on
items of interest, and all eBay users to browse through listed
items in a fully-automated, topically-arranged service that is
available online seven days a week. Through our PayPal service,
we enable any business or consumer with email in 45 countries to
send, and in 44 countries to receive online payments. As of
March 31, 2005, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries,
PayPal had websites directed toward the United States,
Australia, Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the
Netherlands, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
When we refer to we, our, us
or eBay in this document, we mean the current
Delaware corporation (eBay Inc.) and its California predecessor,
as well as all of our consolidated subsidiaries.
In January 2005, our Board of Directors approved a two-for-one
split of our shares of common stock to be issued in the form of
a stock dividend. As a result of the stock split, our
stockholders received one additional share of our common stock
for each share of common stock held of record on
January 31, 2005. The additional shares of our common stock
were distributed on February 16, 2005. All share and per
share amounts in these condensed consolidated financial
statements and related notes have been retroactively adjusted to
reflect this and all prior stock splits for all periods
presented.
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts
of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an
ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those
related to provisions for doubtful accounts and authorized
credits, the provision for transaction losses, legal
contingencies, income taxes, advertising and other
non-transaction revenues, and goodwill and intangible assets. We
base our estimates on historical experience and on various other
assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the
circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
|
|
|
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of
Presentation |
The accompanying financial statements are consolidated and
include the financial statements of eBay and our majority-owned
subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and
transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The consolidated financial statements include 100% of the assets
and liabilities of these majority-owned subsidiaries and the
ownership interests of minority investors are recorded as
minority interests. Investments in entities where we hold more
than a 20% but less than a 50% ownership interest and have the
ability to significantly influence the operations of the
investee are accounted for using the equity method of accounting
and the investment balance is included in long-term investments,
while our share of the investees operations is
6
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
included in other income. Investments in entities where we hold
less than a 20% ownership interest or where we do not have the
ability to significantly influence the operations of the
investee are accounted for using the cost method of accounting
and are included in long-term investments.
These unaudited interim financial statements reflect our
condensed consolidated financial position as of
December 31, 2004 and March 31, 2005. These statements
also show our condensed consolidated statements of income and
cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and
2005. These statements include all normal recurring adjustments
that we believe are necessary to fairly state our financial
position, operating results and cash flows. Because all of the
disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles
in the United States of America for annual consolidated
financial statements are not included herein, these interim
financial statements should be read in conjunction with the
audited financial statements and the notes thereto for the year
ended December 31, 2004, included in our Annual Report on
Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on February 28, 2005. The condensed consolidated statements
of income and cash flows for the periods presented are not
necessarily indicative of results that we expect for any future
period.
We account for stock-based employee compensation issued under
compensatory plans using the intrinsic value method, which
calculates compensation expense based on the difference, if any,
on the date of the grant, between the fair value of our stock
and the option exercise price. Generally accepted accounting
principles require companies that choose to account for stock
option grants using the intrinsic value method to also determine
the fair value of option grants using an option pricing model,
such as the Black-Scholes model, and to disclose the impact of
fair value accounting in a note to the financial statements. In
December 2002, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation Transition and Disclosure, an Amendment of FASB
Statement No. 123. We did not elect to voluntarily
change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock
based employee compensation and record such amounts as charges
to operating expense. We amortize the stock-based compensation
charge in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 28 over
the vesting period of the related options, which is generally
four years. The impact of recognizing the fair value of stock
option grants and stock purchased under our employee stock
purchase plan as an expense under FASB Statement No. 148
would have substantially reduced our net income, as follows (in
thousands, except per share amounts):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended | |
|
|
March 31, | |
|
|
| |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
Net income, as reported
|
|
$ |
200,100 |
|
|
$ |
256,291 |
|
Add: Amortization of stock-based compensation expense determined
under the intrinsic value method
|
|
|
556 |
|
|
|
282 |
|
Deduct: Total stock-based compensation expense determined under
fair value based method, net of tax
|
|
|
(15,992 |
) |
|
|
(63,441 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pro forma net income
|
|
$ |
184,664 |
|
|
$ |
193,132 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings per share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic Reported
|
|
$ |
0.15 |
|
|
$ |
0.19 |
|
|
|
Pro forma
|
|
$ |
0.14 |
|
|
$ |
0.14 |
|
|
Diluted Reported
|
|
$ |
0.15 |
|
|
$ |
0.19 |
|
|
|
Pro forma
|
|
$ |
0.14 |
|
|
$ |
0.14 |
|
The weighted average fair value of options granted in the three
months ended March 31, 2004 and 2005 was $12.06 and $12.28,
respectively.
7
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The amounts disclosed above are not necessarily indicative of
the amounts that will be expensed upon adoption of FAS 123R
Share-Based Payment. Compensation expense calculated
under FAS 123R may differ from amounts currently disclosed
within these footnotes based on changes in the fair value of our
common stock, changes in the number of options granted or the
terms of such options, the treatment of tax benefits and changes
in interest rates or other factors. In addition, upon adoption
of FAS 123R, we may choose to use a different valuation
model to value the compensation expense associated with employee
stock options and stock purchases under our employee stock
purchase plan, as discussed under Recent Accounting
Pronouncements Share-Based Payments, below.
We calculated the fair value of each option award on the date of
grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The
following weighted average assumptions were used for each
respective period:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended | |
|
|
March 31, | |
|
|
| |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
Risk-free interest rates
|
|
|
2.3% |
|
|
|
3.5% |
|
Expected lives
|
|
|
3 years |
|
|
|
3 years |
|
Dividend yield
|
|
|
0% |
|
|
|
0% |
|
Expected volatility
|
|
|
54% |
|
|
|
36% |
|
We account for stock-based arrangements issued to non-employees
using the fair value based method, which calculates compensation
expense based on the fair value of the stock option granted
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model at the date of
grant, or over the period of performance, as appropriate.
|
|
|
Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
In December 2004, the FASB issued Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004),
Share-Based Payment (FAS 123R), that addresses
the accounting for share-based payment transactions in which an
enterprise receives employee services in exchange for either
equity instruments of the enterprise or liabilities that are
based on the fair value of the enterprises equity
instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of such
equity instruments. The statement eliminates the ability to
account for share-based compensation transactions, as we do
currently, using the intrinsic value method as prescribed by
Accounting Principles Board, or APB, Opinion No. 25,
Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and
generally requires that such transactions be accounted for using
a fair-value-based method and recognized as expenses in our
consolidated statement of income. The statement requires
companies to assess the most appropriate model to calculate the
value of the options. We currently use the Black-Scholes option
pricing model to value options and are currently assessing which
model we may use in the future under the new statement and may
deem an alternative model to be the most appropriate. The use of
a different model to value options may result in a different
fair value than the use of the Black-Scholes option pricing
model. In addition, there are a number of other requirements
under the new standard that would result in differing accounting
treatment than currently required. These differences include,
but are not limited to, the accounting for the tax benefit on
employee stock options and for stock issued under our employee
stock purchase plan, and the presentation of these tax benefits
within the consolidated statement of cash flows. In addition to
the appropriate fair value model to be used for valuing
share-based payments, we will also be required to determine the
transition method to be used at date of adoption. The allowed
transition methods include prospective and retroactive adoption
options. The prospective method requires that compensation
expense be recorded for all unvested stock options and
restricted stock at the beginning of the first quarter of
adoption of FAS 123R, while the retroactive methods would
record compensation expense for all unvested stock options and
restricted stock beginning with the first period restated.
8
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
In April 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission announced
the adoption of a new rule that amends the effective date of
FAS 123R. The effective date of the new standard under
these new rules for our consolidated financial statements is
January 1, 2006. Adoption of this statement will have a
significant impact on our consolidated financial statements as
we will be required to expense the fair value of our stock
option grants and stock purchases under our employee stock
purchase plan rather than disclose the impact on our
consolidated net income within our footnotes, as is our current
practice.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153,
Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets An Amendment
of APB Opinion No. 29, Accounting for Nonmonetary
Transactions (SFAS 153). SFAS 153 eliminates the
exception from fair value measurement for nonmonetary exchanges
of similar productive assets in paragraph 21(b) of APB
Opinion No. 29, Accounting for Nonmonetary
Transactions, and replaces it with an exception for
exchanges that do not have commercial substance. SFAS 153
specifies that a nonmonetary exchange has commercial substance
if the future cash flows of the entity are expected to change
significantly as a result of the exchange. This standard is
effective for fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005.
We believe that the adoption of SFAS 153 will not have a
material impact on our consolidated statement of income or
financial condition.
|
|
Note 2 |
Net Income Per Share |
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing the net
income for the period by the weighted average number of common
shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per
share is computed by dividing the net income for the period by
the weighted average number of shares of common stock and
potentially dilutive common stock outstanding during the period.
Potentially dilutive common stock, composed of unvested
restricted common stock and incremental common shares issuable
upon the exercise of stock options, are included in diluted net
income per share using the treasury stock method to the extent
such shares are dilutive. The following table sets forth the
computation of basic and diluted net income per share for the
periods indicated (in thousands, except per share amounts):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended | |
|
|
March 31, | |
|
|
| |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
Numerator:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$ |
200,100 |
|
|
$ |
256,291 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares
|
|
|
1,305,026 |
|
|
|
1,343,582 |
|
|
Weighted average unvested common stock subject to repurchase
|
|
|
(24 |
) |
|
|
(140 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator for basic calculation
|
|
|
1,305,002 |
|
|
|
1,343,442 |
|
|
Weighted average effect of dilutive securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average unvested common stock subject to repurchase
|
|
|
24 |
|
|
|
140 |
|
|
Employee stock options
|
|
|
42,570 |
|
|
|
38,568 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Denominator for diluted calculation
|
|
|
1,347,596 |
|
|
|
1,382,150 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income per share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$ |
0.15 |
|
|
$ |
0.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
|
|
$ |
0.15 |
|
|
$ |
0.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The calculation of diluted net income per share excludes all
anti-dilutive shares. For the three months ended March 31,
2004 and 2005, the number of anti-dilutive shares, as calculated
based on the weighted
9
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
average closing price of our common stock for the period,
amounted to approximately 9.1 million and 15.8 million
shares, respectively.
|
|
Note 3 |
Business Combinations, Goodwill and Intangible Assets |
Through both domestic and international acquisitions, we have
continued to expand eBays global online marketplace.
Tangible net assets for our acquisitions were valued at their
respective carrying amounts as we believe that these amounts
approximated their current fair values at the respective
acquisition dates. The valuation of identifiable intangible
assets acquired reflects managements estimates based on,
among other factors, use of established valuation methods. Such
assets consist of customer lists and user base, trademarks and
trade names, developed technologies and other acquired
intangible assets including contractual agreements. Identifiable
intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method
over the estimated useful lives of one to eight years. We
believe the straight-line method of amortization best represents
the distribution of the economic value of the identifiable
intangible assets. Goodwill represents the excess of the
purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and
identifiable intangible assets acquired in each business
combination. The purchase price of the acquisition detailed
below exceeded the estimated fair value of the related
identifiable intangible and tangible assets because we believe
this acquisition will assist with our strategy of establishing
and expanding our global online marketplace.
On February 23, 2005, we acquired Viva Group, Inc., which
does business as Rent.com, for a cash purchase price of
approximately $415 million plus payments for net cash and
investments of approximately $18 million. Rent.com is a
leading Internet listing website in the apartment and rental
housing industry. The total purchase price recorded was
approximately $435 million, including approximately
$2 million in estimated acquisition-related expenses. We
accounted for the acquisition as a non-taxable purchase
transaction and, accordingly, the purchase price has been
allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and
liabilities assumed on the basis of their respective estimated
fair values on the acquisition date.
The preliminary allocation of the purchase price is summarized
below (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net current assets
|
|
$ |
17,327 |
|
Property and equipment and other non-current assets
|
|
|
723 |
|
Customer list and user base
|
|
|
34,500 |
|
Trade name
|
|
|
18,000 |
|
Developed technology
|
|
|
8,200 |
|
Advertising relationships
|
|
|
1,100 |
|
Deferred tax liabilities
|
|
|
(24,924 |
) |
Goodwill
|
|
|
380,439 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total purchase price
|
|
$ |
435,365 |
|
|
|
|
|
The estimated useful economic lives of the identifiable
intangible assets acquired in the Rent.com acquisition are six
years for the customer list, five years for the trade name,
three years for the developed technology and the advertising
relationships, and one year for the user base. The final
purchase price allocation will depend primarily upon our final
determination of the total acquisition-related expenses and the
finalization of our integration plan.
The results of operations have been included in our consolidated
statement of income for the period subsequent to our acquisition
of Rent.com. The results of operations for periods prior to this
acquisition were
10
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
not material to our consolidated statement of income and,
accordingly, pro forma results of operations have not been
presented.
Goodwill information for each segment is as follows (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, | |
|
Goodwill | |
|
Goodwill |
|
|
|
March 31, | |
|
|
2004 | |
|
Acquired | |
|
Disposals |
|
Adjustments | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
| |
|
| |
Segments:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S Marketplace
|
|
$ |
148,703 |
|
|
$ |
390,879 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
539,582 |
|
|
International Marketplace
|
|
|
1,516,055 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(22,496 |
) |
|
|
1,493,559 |
|
|
Payments
|
|
|
1,072,396 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,072,396 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,737,154 |
|
|
$ |
390,879 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(22,496 |
) |
|
$ |
3,105,537 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The increase in goodwill acquired during the three months ended
March 31, 2005, resulted primarily from our acquisition of
the outstanding shares of Rent.com. Adjustments to goodwill
during the three months ended March 31, 2005, resulted
primarily from foreign currency translation adjustments relating
to goodwill associated with our prior period acquisitions.
Investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting
are classified on our balance sheet as long-term investments.
Such investments include identifiable intangible assets,
deferred tax liabilities and goodwill. As of March 31,
2005, the goodwill related to our equity investment totaled
approximately $27.4 million.
The components of acquired identifiable intangible assets are as
follows (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2004 | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Gross | |
|
|
|
Net | |
|
Weighted | |
|
Gross | |
|
|
|
Net | |
|
Weighted | |
|
|
Carrying | |
|
Accumulated | |
|
Carrying | |
|
Average Useful | |
|
Carrying | |
|
Accumulated | |
|
Carrying | |
|
Average Useful | |
|
|
Amount | |
|
Amortization | |
|
Amount | |
|
Economic Life | |
|
Amount | |
|
Amortization | |
|
Amount | |
|
Economic Life | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Years) | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Years) | |
Intangible assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Customer lists and user base
|
|
$ |
300,929 |
|
|
$ |
(80,097 |
) |
|
$ |
220,832 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
$ |
336,894 |
|
|
$ |
(91,900 |
) |
|
$ |
244,994 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
Trademarks and trade names
|
|
|
139,239 |
|
|
|
(30,811 |
) |
|
|
108,428 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
155,210 |
|
|
|
(37,479 |
) |
|
|
117,731 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
Developed technologies
|
|
|
40,686 |
|
|
|
(28,488 |
) |
|
|
12,198 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
52,064 |
|
|
|
(31,819 |
) |
|
|
20,245 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
All other
|
|
|
33,895 |
|
|
|
(7,534 |
) |
|
|
26,361 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
33,767 |
|
|
|
(9,255 |
) |
|
|
24,512 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
514,749 |
|
|
$ |
(146,930 |
) |
|
$ |
367,819 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
577,935 |
|
|
$ |
(170,453 |
) |
|
$ |
407,482 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All of our acquired identifiable intangible assets are subject
to amortization. Acquired identifiable intangible assets are
comprised of customer lists and user base, trademarks and trade
names, developed technologies, and other acquired intangible
assets including patents and contractual agreements. The
increase in intangible assets during the three months ended
March 31, 2005 resulted primarily from certain intangible
assets acquired as part of our acquisition of the outstanding
shares of Rent.com. As of March 31, 2005, the net carrying
amount of intangible assets related to our equity investment
totaled approximately $4.6 million. Aggregate amortization
expense for intangible assets totaled $14.7 million and
$23.9 million for the three months ended March 31,
2004 and 2005, respectively.
11
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
As of March 31, 2005, expected future intangible asset
amortization is as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal Years:
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 (remaining nine months)
|
|
$ |
79,675 |
|
|
2006
|
|
|
85,643 |
|
|
2007
|
|
|
78,402 |
|
|
2008
|
|
|
73,835 |
|
|
2009
|
|
|
57,682 |
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
|
32,245 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
407,482 |
|
|
|
|
|
Reporting segments are based upon our internal organization
structure, the manner in which our operations are managed, the
criteria used by our chief operating decision-maker to evaluate
segment performance, the availability of separate financial
information, and overall materiality considerations.
The U.S. Marketplace segment includes our U.S. online
marketplace trading platforms other than our PayPal subsidiary.
The International Marketplace segment includes our international
online marketplace trading platforms other than our PayPal
subsidiary. The Payments segment includes our global payments
platform consisting of our PayPal subsidiary.
Direct contribution consists of revenues less direct costs.
Direct costs include specific costs of net revenues, sales and
marketing expenses, and general and administrative expenses over
which segment managers have direct discretionary control, such
as advertising and marketing programs, customer support
expenses, bank charges, provisions for doubtful accounts,
authorized credits and transaction losses. Expenses over which
segment managers do not currently have discretionary control,
such as site operations costs, product development expenses, and
certain general and administrative costs, are monitored by
management through shared cost centers and are not evaluated in
the measurement of segment performance.
The following table summarizes the financial performance of our
reporting segments (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, | |
|
|
| |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
U.S. | |
|
International | |
|
|
|
U.S. | |
|
International | |
|
|
|
|
Marketplace | |
|
Marketplace | |
|
Payments | |
|
Consolidated | |
|
Marketplace | |
|
Marketplace | |
|
Payments | |
|
Consolidated | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Net revenues from external customers
|
|
$ |
338,570 |
|
|
$ |
259,490 |
|
|
$ |
158,179 |
|
|
$ |
756,239 |
|
|
$ |
404,848 |
|
|
$ |
393,792 |
|
|
$ |
233,084 |
|
|
$ |
1,031,724 |
|
Direct costs
|
|
|
115,889 |
|
|
|
94,553 |
|
|
|
82,218 |
|
|
|
292,660 |
|
|
|
136,674 |
|
|
|
160,271 |
|
|
|
116,507 |
|
|
|
413,452 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct contribution
|
|
|
222,681 |
|
|
|
164,937 |
|
|
|
75,961 |
|
|
|
463,579 |
|
|
|
268,174 |
|
|
|
233,521 |
|
|
|
116,577 |
|
|
|
618,272 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses and indirect costs of net revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
196,831 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
282,698 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
266,748 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
335,574 |
|
Interest and other income, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23,499 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
22,403 |
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,331 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,720 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes and minority interests
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
287,916 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
356,257 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
At December 31, 2004 and March 31, 2005, short and
long-term investments were classified as available-for-sale
securities, except for restricted cash and investments, and are
reported at fair value as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2004 | |
|
|
| |
|
|
Gross | |
|
Gross | |
|
Gross | |
|
|
|
|
Amortized | |
|
Unrealized | |
|
Unrealized | |
|
Estimated | |
|
|
Cost | |
|
Gains | |
|
Losses | |
|
Fair Value | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Short-term investments:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash and investments
|
|
$ |
156,130 |
|
|
$ |
25 |
|
|
$ |
(750 |
) |
|
$ |
155,405 |
|
|
Corporate debt securities
|
|
|
581,058 |
|
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
(2,908 |
) |
|
|
578,183 |
|
|
Government and agency securities
|
|
|
80,274 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(432 |
) |
|
|
79,842 |
|
|
Time deposits and other
|
|
|
23,979 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23,979 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
841,441 |
|
|
$ |
58 |
|
|
$ |
(4,090 |
) |
|
$ |
837,409 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term investments:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash and investments
|
|
$ |
1,397 |
|
|
$ |
21 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
1,418 |
|
|
Corporate debt securities
|
|
|
827,505 |
|
|
|
107 |
|
|
|
(2,137 |
) |
|
|
825,475 |
|
|
Government and agency securities
|
|
|
397,211 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4,733 |
) |
|
|
392,478 |
|
|
Equity instruments and equity method investments
|
|
|
48,336 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
48,336 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,274,449 |
|
|
$ |
128 |
|
|
$ |
(6,870 |
) |
|
$ |
1,267,707 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
|
Gross | |
|
Gross | |
|
Gross | |
|
|
|
|
Amortized | |
|
Unrealized | |
|
Unrealized | |
|
Estimated | |
|
|
Cost | |
|
Gains | |
|
Losses | |
|
Fair Value | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Short-term investments:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash and investments
|
|
$ |
30,554 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
30,554 |
|
|
Corporate debt securities
|
|
|
597,793 |
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
(3,405 |
) |
|
|
594,409 |
|
|
Government and agency securities
|
|
|
190,693 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(720 |
) |
|
|
189,973 |
|
|
Time deposits and other
|
|
|
14,655 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,655 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
833,695 |
|
|
$ |
21 |
|
|
$ |
(4,125 |
) |
|
$ |
829,591 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term investments:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash and investments
|
|
$ |
1,064 |
|
|
$ |
12 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
1,076 |
|
|
Corporate debt securities
|
|
|
979,127 |
|
|
|
138 |
|
|
|
(4,679 |
) |
|
|
974,586 |
|
|
Government and agency securities
|
|
|
401,612 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(6,948 |
) |
|
|
394,664 |
|
|
Equity instruments and equity method investments
|
|
|
48,326 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
48,326 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,430,129 |
|
|
$ |
150 |
|
|
$ |
(11,627 |
) |
|
$ |
1,418,652 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Included within short-term restricted cash and investments at
December 31, 2004 was $126.4 million that was utilized
as payment of a lease obligation for our San Jose
headquarters facility on March 1, 2005 (see
Note 7 Balance Sheet Components of
these condensed consolidated financial statements).
13
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
|
|
Note 6 |
Derivative Instruments |
We entered into two interest rate swaps on June 19 and
July 20, 2000, with notional amounts totaling
$95 million to reduce the impact of changes in interest
rates on a portion of the floating rate operating lease for our
San Jose headquarters office facility, which matured on
March 1, 2005. The interest rate swaps allowed us to
receive floating rate receipts based on the London Interbank
Offered Rate, or LIBOR, in exchange for making fixed rate
payments of approximately 7% of the notional amount, which
effectively changed our interest rate exposure on our operating
lease from a floating rate to a fixed rate on $95.0 million
of the total $126.4 million notional amount of our
San Jose headquarters facility lease commitment. The
balance of $31.4 million remained at a floating rate of
interest based on the spread over 3-month LIBOR. There was no
gain or loss realized upon the maturity of these interest rate
swaps.
As of March 31, 2005, we had outstanding forward foreign
exchange hedge contracts with notional values equivalent to
approximately $489.1 million with maturity dates within
30 days. The hedge contracts are used to offset changes in
non-U.S. dollar denominated functional currency value of
assets and liabilities as a result of foreign exchange rate
fluctuations. Transaction gains and losses on the contracts and
the assets and liabilities are recognized each period in our
consolidated statement of income.
We consolidate the earnings of our international subsidiaries by
converting them into U.S. dollars in accordance with
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 52
Foreign Currency Translation (FAS 52). Such
earnings will fluctuate when there is a change in foreign
currency exchange rates. From time to time, we enter into
transactions to hedge portions of our foreign currency
denominated earnings translation exposure using both foreign
currency options and forward contracts. The gain on these hedges
for the first quarter of 2005 totaled approximately $117,000,
which were recorded in interest and other income, net. All
contracts that hedge translation exposure mature ratably over
the quarter in which they are executed.
We currently charge our international subsidiaries on a monthly
basis for their use of intellectual property and technology and
for certain corporate services provided by eBay and by PayPal.
These charges are denominated in Euros and these forecasted
inter-company transactions represent a foreign currency cash
flow exposure. To reduce foreign exchange risk relating to these
forecasted inter-company transactions, we entered into forward
foreign exchange contracts during the three months ended
March 31, 2005. The objective of the forward contracts is
to ensure that the U.S. dollar-equivalent cash flows are
not adversely affected by changes in the U.S. dollar/ Euro
exchange rate. Pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 133 Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities (FAS 133), we
expect the hedge of certain of these forecasted transactions to
be highly effective in offsetting potential changes in cash
flows attributed to a change in the U.S. dollar/ Euro
exchange rate. Accordingly, we record as a component of other
comprehensive income all unrealized gains and losses related to
the forward contracts that receive hedge accounting treatment.
We record all unrealized gains and losses in interest and other
income, net, related to the forward contracts that do not
receive hedge accounting treatment pursuant to FAS 133. The
following table shows the notional amount of our economic hedges
as of March 31, 2005, together with the associated losses,
net of gains, recorded in our consolidated statement of income
for the three months ended March 31,
14
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
2005 and the gains, net of losses, recorded to accumulated other
comprehensive income as of March 31, 2005 (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated | |
|
|
|
|
Net Loss Recorded | |
|
Other | |
|
|
Notional | |
|
to Interest and | |
|
Comprehensive | |
|
|
Amount | |
|
Other Income, Net | |
|
Income | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Amount receiving hedge accounting treatment under FAS 133
|
|
$ |
230,741 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
310 |
|
Amount not receiving hedge accounting treatment under
FAS 133
|
|
|
82,229 |
|
|
|
(51 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$ |
312,970 |
|
|
$ |
(51 |
) |
|
$ |
310 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No economic hedges were entered into during the three months
ended March 31, 2004.
|
|
Note 7 |
Balance Sheet Components |
As of December 31, 2004, we had $126.4 million
included within current restricted cash and investments relating
to our San Jose headquarters facility lease arrangement
which provided us with full ownership rights to these
facilities. In February 2004, we elected not to exercise our
right to extend the lease period and therefore the lease on
these facilities ended on March 1, 2005. As a result, we
were required to pay the lease obligation for our San Jose
headquarters facility lease during the first quarter of 2005,
utilizing the $126.4 million included within current
restricted cash and investments, and have offset the
corresponding liability related to the consolidated operating
lease obligation of $122.5 million and the minority
interest of $3.9 million.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, | |
|
March 31, | |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands) | |
Customer accounts
|
|
$ |
270,918 |
|
|
$ |
269,781 |
|
Prepaid expenses
|
|
|
54,159 |
|
|
|
49,227 |
|
Deferred tax asset, net
|
|
|
10,427 |
|
|
|
19,404 |
|
Other
|
|
|
43,911 |
|
|
|
83,463 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
379,415 |
|
|
$ |
421,875 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Customer accounts include liquid assets set aside for certain
customer liabilities as required in conjunction with our PayPal
Electronic Money Institution license from the United
Kingdoms Financial Services Authority. The customer
balances represent claims on our U.K. subsidiary and may be
invested only in specified types of liquid assets. These
balances are included on our balance sheet as current assets
with an offsetting current liability in funds payable and
amounts due to customers. Customer U.S. dollar denominated
funds in the U.S. are held in deposit accounts insured by the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. These funds are held by
PayPal as an agent for the benefit of its customers,
accordingly, these funds are not reflected in our consolidated
balance sheet.
At March 31, 2005, $28.4 million was included in other
current assets, which approximates the fair value of our
corporate aircraft that is available for sale. In addition, at
March 31, 2005, $22.1 million of deposits related to
the purchase of a new corporate aircraft is included in other
current assets.
15
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
|
|
|
Litigation and Other Legal Matters |
In April 2001, two of our European subsidiaries, eBay GmbH and
eBay International AG, were sued by Montres Rolex S.A. and
certain of its affiliates in the regional court of Cologne,
Germany. The suit subsequently was transferred to the regional
court in Dusseldorf, Germany. Rolex alleged that our
subsidiaries were infringing Rolexs trademarks as a result
of users selling counterfeit Rolex watches through our German
website. The suit also alleged unfair competition. Rolex sought
an order enjoining the sale of Rolex-branded watches on the
website as well as damages. In December 2002, a trial was held
in the matter and the court ruled in favor of eBay on all causes
of action. Rolex appealed the ruling to the Higher Regional
Court of Dusseldorf, and the appeal was heard in October 2003.
In February 2004, the court rejected Rolexs appeal and
ruled in our favor. Rolex has appealed the ruling to the German
Federal Supreme Court. In March 2004, the German Federal Supreme
Court ruled in favor of Rolex in a case involving an unrelated
company, ricardo.de AG, but somewhat comparable legal theories.
The court issued its written decision in that case in September
2004. Although it is not yet clear what effect the reasoning of
the German Federal Supreme Courts ricardo.de decision
would have when applied to eBay, we believe the Courts
decision will likely not require any significant change in our
business practices.
In September 2001, MercExchange LLC filed a complaint against
us, our Half.com subsidiary and ReturnBuy, Inc. in the
U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia
(No. 2:01-CV-736) alleging infringement of three patents
(relating to online consignment auction technology, multiple
database searching and electronic consignment systems) and
seeking a permanent injunction and damages (including treble
damages for willful infringement). In October 2002, the court
granted in part our summary judgment motion, effectively
invalidating the patent related to online auction technology and
rendering it unenforceable. This ruling left only two patents in
the case. Trial of the matter began in April 2003. In May 2003,
the jury returned a verdict finding that eBay had willfully
infringed one and Half.com had willfully infringed both of the
patents in the suit, awarding $35.0 million in compensatory
damages. Both parties filed post-trial motions, and in August
2003, the court entered judgment for MercExchange in the amount
of $29.5 million, plus pre-judgment interest and
post-judgment interest in an amount to be determined, while
denying MercExchanges request for an injunction and
attorneys fees. We appealed the verdict and judgment in
favor of MercExchange and MercExchange filed a cross-appeal of
the granting in part of our summary judgment motion and the
denial of its request for an injunction and attorneys fees.
On March 16, 2005, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Federal Circuit issued a ruling in the appeal of the
MercExchange patent litigation suit which, among other things
(1) invalidated all claims asserted against eBay and
Half.com arising out of the multiple database search patent and
reduced the verdict amount by $4.5 million; (2) upheld
the electronic consignment system patent; (3) affirmed the
district courts refusal to award attorneys fees or
enhanced damages against us; (4) reversed the district
courts order granting summary judgment in our favor
regarding the auction patent; and (5) reversed the district
courts refusal to grant an injunction and remanded that
issue to the district court for further proceedings. We have
petitioned the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit for an en banc rehearing of the ruling. In
parallel with the federal court proceedings, at our request, the
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office is actively reexamining
each of the patents in suit, having found that substantial
questions exist regarding the validity of the claims contained
therein. On January 26, 2005, the Patent and Trademark
Office issued an initial ruling rejecting all of the claims
contained in the patent that related to online auctions, and on
March 29, 2005, the Patent and Trademark Office issued an
initial ruling rejecting all of the claims contained in the
patent that related to electronic consignment systems. Even if
successful, our litigation of these matters will continue to be
costly. In addition, as a precautionary measure, we have
modified certain functionality of our websites and business
practices in a manner which we believe would avoid any further
infringement. For this reason, we believe that any injunction
that might be issued by the district court will not have any
impact on our business. We also
16
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
believe we have appropriate reserves for this litigation.
Nonetheless, if we are not successful in appealing or modifying
the courts ruling, and if the modifications to the
functionality of our websites and business practices are not
sufficient to make them non-infringing, we would likely be
forced to pay significant additional damages and licensing fees
and/or modify our business practices in an adverse manner.
In August 2002, Charles E. Hill & Associates, Inc.
filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern
District of Texas (No. 2:02-CV-186) alleging that we and 17
other companies, primarily large retailers, infringed three
patents owned by Hill generally relating to electronic catalog
systems and methods for transmitting and updating data at a
remote computer. The suit seeks an injunction against continuing
infringement, unspecified damages, including treble damages for
willful infringement, and interest, costs, expenses, and fees.
In January 2003, the case was transferred to the
U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Indiana.
After pending in Indiana for almost a year, the case was
transferred back to the U.S. District Court for the Eastern
District of Texas in December 2003. A scheduling conference was
held in November 2004 and a preliminary trial date has been set
for February 2006. The case is currently in fact discovery and
claim construction discovery. The defendants have filed a motion
for summary judgment of noninfringement. We believe that we have
meritorious defenses and intend to defend ourselves vigorously.
In February 2002, PayPal was sued in California state court (No.
CV-805433) in a purported class action alleging that its
limiting access to customer accounts and failure to promptly
restore access to legitimate accounts violates California state
consumer protection laws and is an unfair business practice and
a breach of PayPals User Agreement. This action was
re-filed with a different named plaintiff in June 2002
(No. CV-808441), and a similar action was also filed in the
U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California
in June 2002 (No. C-02-2777). In March 2002, PayPal was
sued in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District
of California (No. C-02-1227) in a purported class action
alleging that its limiting access to customer accounts and
failure to promptly restore access to legitimate accounts
violates federal and state consumer protection and unfair
business practice laws. The two federal court actions were
consolidated into a single case, and the state court action was
stayed pending developments in the federal case. In June 2004,
the parties announced that they had reached a proposed
settlement. The settlement received approval from the federal
court on November 2, 2004. In the settlement, PayPal does
not acknowledge that any of the allegations in the case are
true. Under the terms of the settlement, certain PayPal account
holders will be eligible to receive payment from a settlement
fund of $9.25 million, less administrative costs and the
amount awarded to plaintiffs counsel by the court. That
sum will be distributed to class members who have submitted
timely claims in accordance with the settlements plan of
allocation, part of which still must be approved by the court.
The parties expect that a plan of allocation will be submitted
to the court in the second quarter of 2005. The amount of the
settlement was fully accrued in our consolidated statement of
income for the year ended December 31, 2003.
In July 2004, a purported class action lawsuit was filed by two
eBay users in Superior Court of the State of California, County
of Santa Clara (No. 104CV022708) alleging that eBay engaged
in improper billing practices as the result of problems with the
rollout of a new billing software system in the second and third
quarters of 2004. The lawsuit sought damages and injunctive
relief. An amended complaint was filed in January 2005, dropping
one plaintiff, changing the capacity of the other plaintiff to
that of representative plaintiff, and adding seven additional
eBay users as plaintiffs. The amended complaint expanded its
claim to include numerous alleged improper billing practices
from September 2003 until the present. In February 2005, eBay
filed a motion to strike and a demurrer seeking to dismiss the
complaint. On April 1, 2005, the court sustained portions
of the demurrer, but granted the plaintiffs leave to amend their
complaint. We believe that we have meritorious defenses and
intend to defend ourselves vigorously.
In February 2005, eBay was sued in Superior Court of the State
of California, County of Santa Clara (No. 105CV035930)
in a purported class action alleging that certain bidding
features of our site constitute shill bidding for
the purpose of artificially inflating bids placed by buyers on
the site. The complaint alleges
17
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
violations of Californias Auction Act, Californias
Consumer Remedies Act, and unfair competition. The complaint
seeks injunctive relief, damages, and a constructive trust. We
believe that we have meritorious defenses and intend to defend
ourselves vigorously.
In March 2005, eBay, PayPal, and an eBay seller were sued in
Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of Kings
(No. 6125/05) in a purported class action alleging that
certain disclosures regarding PayPals Buyer Protection
Policy, users chargeback rights, and the effects of
users choice of funding mechanism are deceptive and/or
misleading. The complaint alleges misrepresentation on the part
of eBay and PayPal, breach of contract and deceptive trade
practices by PayPal, and that PayPal and eBay have jointly
violated the civil RICO statute (18 U.S.C.
Section 1961(4)). The complaint seeks injunctive relief,
compensatory damages, and punitive damages. On April 5,
2005, eBay and PayPal removed the case to the U.S. District
Court for the Eastern District of New York. We believe that eBay
and PayPal have meritorious defenses and intend to defend
ourselves vigorously.
Other third parties have from time to time claimed, and others
may claim in the future, that we have infringed their
intellectual property rights. We have been notified of several
potential patent disputes, and expect that we will increasingly
be subject to patent infringement claims as our services expand
in scope and complexity. In particular, we expect to face
additional patent infringement claims involving services we
provide, including various aspects of our Payments business. We
have in the past been forced to litigate such claims. We may
also become more vulnerable to third-party claims as laws such
as the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, the Lanham Act and the
Communications Decency Act are interpreted by the courts and as
we expand geographically into jurisdictions where the underlying
laws with respect to the potential liability of online
intermediaries like ourselves are either unclear or less
favorable. These claims, whether meritorious or not, could be
time consuming and costly to resolve, cause service upgrade
delays, require expensive changes in our methods of doing
business, or could require us to enter into costly royalty or
licensing agreements.
From time to time, we are involved in other disputes that arise
in the ordinary course of business. The number and significance
of these disputes is increasing as our business expands and our
company grows larger. Any claims against us, whether meritorious
or not, could be time consuming, result in costly litigation,
require significant amounts of management time, and result in
the diversion of significant operational resources. While we
currently believe that the ultimate resolution of these
unresolved matters will not have a material adverse impact on
our financial position, results of operations or cash flows, the
litigation and other claims noted specifically or generally
above are subject to inherent uncertainties and our view of
these matters may change in the future. Were an unfavorable
final outcome to occur, there exists the possibility of a
material adverse impact on our financial position, results of
operations or cash flows for the period in which the effect
becomes reasonably estimable. We are unable to determine what
potential losses we may incur if these matters were to have an
unfavorable outcome.
|
|
|
Indemnification Provisions |
In the ordinary course of business, we have included limited
indemnification provisions in certain of our agreements with
parties with whom we have commercial relations, including our
standard marketing, promotions and
application-programming-interface license agreements. Under
these contracts, we generally indemnify, hold harmless, and
agree to reimburse the indemnified party for losses suffered or
incurred by the indemnified party in connection with claims by
any third party with respect to our domain names, trademarks,
logos and other branding elements to the extent that such marks
are applicable to our performance under the subject agreement.
In a limited number of agreements, including agreements under
which we have developed technology for certain commercial
parties, we have provided an indemnity for other types of
third-party claims, substantially all of which are indemnities
related to our copyrights, trademarks, and patents. To date, no
significant costs have been incurred, either individually or
collectively, in connection with our indemnification provisions.
18
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
Note 9 Employee Benefit Plans
|
|
|
Employee Stock Purchase Plan |
We have an employee stock purchase plan for all eligible
employees. Under the plan, shares of our common stock may be
purchased over an offering period with a maximum duration of two
years at 85% of the lower of the fair market value on the first
day of the applicable offering period or on the last day of the
six-month purchase period. Employees may purchase shares having
a value not exceeding 10% of their gross compensation during an
offering period. No shares were purchased during the three
months ended March 31, 2004 or 2005. At March 31,
2005, approximately 7.2 million shares were reserved for
future issuance. Our employee stock purchase plan contains an
evergreen provision that automatically increases, on
each January 1, the number of shares reserved for issuance
under the employee stock purchase plan by the number of shares
purchased under this plan in the preceding calendar year.
We have a deferred stock unit plan under which deferred stock
units have been granted to new non-employee directors elected to
our Board of Directors after December 31, 2002. Under this
plan, each new director receives a one-time grant of deferred
stock units equal to the result of dividing $150,000 by the fair
market value of our common stock on the date of grant. These
deferred stock units vest 25% one year from the date of grant,
and at a rate of 2.08% per month thereafter. If the
services of the director are terminated at any time, all rights
to the unvested deferred stock units shall also terminate.
Further, each non-employee director may elect to receive, in
lieu of his or her annual retainer (which is currently $50,000)
and any fees payable for service as a committee chair or Lead
Independent Director at the time these fees would be otherwise
payable (i.e., on a quarterly basis in arrears for services
provided), deferred stock units with an initial value equal to
the result of dividing the cash amount the director otherwise
would have received by the fair market value of our common stock
on the date of grant. These deferred stock units vest
immediately upon grant. Each deferred stock unit constitutes an
unfunded and unsecured promise by us to deliver one share of our
common stock (or the equivalent value thereof in cash or
property at our election). Deferred stock units generally are
payable following the termination of a directors tenure as
a director. All eBay officers, directors and employees are
eligible to receive awards under the plan, although, to date,
awards have been made only to new non-employee directors. As of
March 31, 2005, 15,586 units had been awarded under
this plan.
We also have equity incentive plans for directors, officers and
employees. Stock options granted under these plans generally
vest 25% one year from the date of grant (or 12.5% six months
from the date of grant for grants to existing employees) and the
remainder vest at a rate of 2.08% per month thereafter, and
generally expire 10 years from the date of grant. Stock
options issued prior to June 1998 were exercisable immediately,
subject to repurchase rights held by us, which lapsed over the
vesting period. Restricted stock grants made under these plans
are subject to repurchase by us at such times as determined by
the Board of Directors, typically five years. At March 31,
2005, 95.5 million shares were available for future grant
under these equity incentive plans.
19
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
The following table summarizes activity under our equity
incentive plans for the three months ended March 31, 2004
and 2005 (shares in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, | |
|
|
| |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
Weighted | |
|
|
|
Weighted | |
|
|
|
|
Average | |
|
|
|
Average | |
|
|
|
|
Exercise | |
|
|
|
Exercise | |
|
|
Shares | |
|
Price | |
|
Shares | |
|
Price | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Outstanding at beginning of period
|
|
|
138,410 |
|
|
$ |
16.93 |
|
|
|
137,208 |
|
|
$ |
23.63 |
|
Granted
|
|
|
28,158 |
|
|
|
34.48 |
|
|
|
19,850 |
|
|
|
42.22 |
|
Exercised
|
|
|
(11,594 |
) |
|
|
14.94 |
|
|
|
(10,229 |
) |
|
|
17.51 |
|
Cancelled
|
|
|
(1,022 |
) |
|
|
20.52 |
|
|
|
(2,540 |
) |
|
|
37.03 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at end of period
|
|
|
153,952 |
|
|
|
20.27 |
|
|
|
144,289 |
|
|
|
26.38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options exercisable at end of period
|
|
|
44,598 |
|
|
$ |
14.33 |
|
|
|
48,857 |
|
|
$ |
17.63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table summarizes information about fixed stock
options outstanding at March 31, 2005 (shares in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options Outstanding at | |
|
Options Exercisable at | |
|
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
Weighted | |
|
Weighted | |
|
|
|
Weighted | |
|
|
Number of | |
|
Average | |
|
Average | |
|
Number of | |
|
Average | |
|
|
Shares | |
|
Remaining | |
|
Exercise | |
|
Shares | |
|
Exercise | |
Range of Exercise Prices |
|
Outstanding | |
|
Contractual Life | |
|
Price | |
|
Exercisable | |
|
Price | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
$ 0.08 - $13.64
|
|
|
14,854 |
|
|
|
5.4 years |
|
|
$ |
8.34 |
|
|
|
11,887 |
|
|
$ |
7.69 |
|
$13.70 - $14.51
|
|
|
17,719 |
|
|
|
7.1 |
|
|
|
14.22 |
|
|
|
8,785 |
|
|
|
14.28 |
|
$14.51 - $18.80
|
|
|
15,024 |
|
|
|
6.6 |
|
|
|
16.43 |
|
|
|
8,908 |
|
|
|
16.39 |
|
$18.81 - $19.39
|
|
|
15,153 |
|
|
|
7.7 |
|
|
|
19.36 |
|
|
|
5,841 |
|
|
|
19.32 |
|
$19.39 - $27.38
|
|
|
18,997 |
|
|
|
7.9 |
|
|
|
24.58 |
|
|
|
7,000 |
|
|
|
24.07 |
|
$27.43 - $34.35
|
|
|
6,542 |
|
|
|
8.6 |
|
|
|
30.06 |
|
|
|
1,688 |
|
|
|
30.01 |
|
$34.56 - $34.62
|
|
|
22,035 |
|
|
|
8.9 |
|
|
|
34.61 |
|
|
|
4,329 |
|
|
|
34.61 |
|
$34.63 - $42.46
|
|
|
8,835 |
|
|
|
9.5 |
|
|
|
38.84 |
|
|
|
244 |
|
|
|
36.08 |
|
$42.58 - $42.58
|
|
|
15,461 |
|
|
|
9.9 |
|
|
|
42.58 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$42.95 - $58.21
|
|
|
9,669 |
|
|
|
9.5 |
|
|
|
47.76 |
|
|
|
175 |
|
|
|
44.13 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
144,289 |
|
|
|
8.0 |
|
|
$ |
26.38 |
|
|
|
48,857 |
|
|
$ |
17.63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable | |
|
Unexercisable | |
|
Total | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
Weighted | |
|
|
|
Weighted | |
|
|
|
Weighted | |
|
|
|
|
Average | |
|
|
|
Average | |
|
|
|
Average | |
|
|
|
|
Exercise | |
|
|
|
Exercise | |
|
|
|
Exercise | |
|
|
Shares | |
|
Price | |
|
Shares | |
|
Price | |
|
Shares | |
|
Price | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
In-the-money
|
|
|
48,641 |
|
|
$ |
17.52 |
|
|
|
64,113 |
|
|
$ |
24.61 |
|
|
|
112,754 |
|
|
$ |
21.55 |
|
Out-of-the-money
|
|
|
216 |
|
|
|
43.18 |
|
|
|
31,319 |
|
|
|
43.65 |
|
|
|
31,535 |
|
|
|
43.65 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total options outstanding
|
|
|
48,857 |
|
|
$ |
17.63 |
|
|
|
95,432 |
|
|
$ |
30.86 |
|
|
|
144,289 |
|
|
$ |
26.38 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In-the-money options are options with an exercise price lower
than the $37.26 closing price of our common stock on
March 31, 2005. Out-of-the-money options are options with
an exercise price greater than the $37.26 closing price of our
common stock on March 31, 2005.
20
eBay Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
In connection with the change in status from an employee to a
non-employee, we were required, in accordance with FASB
Interpretation No. 44 Accounting for Certain
Transactions Involving Stock Compensation an
interpretation of APB Opinion No. 25 and
EITF 00-23 Issues Related to the Accounting for Stock
Compensation under APB Opinion No. 25 and FASB
Interpretation No. 44, to remeasure the portion of
the individuals options that were unvested at the date of
the change in status. The remeasurement is required to be at
fair value and will continue to be revalued over the period of
performance. The related stock-based compensation amortization
recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2005
totaled approximately $3.4 million. The fair value of these
unvested options have been estimated as of March 31, 2005
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following
weighted average assumptions: risk-free interest rate, 3.4%;
remaining effective contractual life, 3.3 years; dividend
yield, 0%; and expected volatility, 36%.
The following table summarizes additional stock option
information related to grants made to our employees and grants
made specifically to named officers, which consist of our chief
executive officer and the other four most highly compensated
officers during fiscal year 2004 (in thousands, except
percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended | |
|
|
March 31, | |
|
|
| |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
Total outstanding shares of common stock (at period end)
|
|
|
1,310,180 |
|
|
|
1,348,836 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As a percentage of total outstanding shares of common stock:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grants during the period
|
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
Total outstanding in-the-money grants
|
|
|
12 |
% |
|
|
8 |
% |
Total outstanding grants
|
|
|
12 |
% |
|
|
11 |
% |
Grants to named officers during the period
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
* |
|
Total outstanding grants to named officers
|
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
Total stock option grants during the period
|
|
|
28,158 |
|
|
|
19,850 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grants to named officers during the period as a percent of total
grants during the period
|
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
7 |
% |
Total outstanding stock option grants (at period end)
|
|
|
153,952 |
|
|
|
144,289 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total outstanding grants to named officers as a percent of total
stock option grants outstanding
|
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
* |
Less than half of a percentage point |
21
|
|
Item 2: |
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations |
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report contains statements that involve expectations,
plans or intentions (such as those relating to future business
or financial results, new features or services, or management
strategies). These statements are forward-looking and are
subject to risks and uncertainties, so actual results may vary
materially. You can identify these forward-looking statements by
words such as may, will,
should, expect, anticipate,
believe, estimate, intend,
plan and other similar expressions. You should
consider our forward- looking statements in light of the risks
discussed under the heading Risk Factors That May Affect
Results of Operations and Financial Condition below, as
well as our consolidated financial statements, related notes,
and the other financial information appearing elsewhere in this
report and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange
Commission. We assume no obligation to update any
forward-looking statements.
You should read the following Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in
conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements
and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this document.
Overview
We pioneered online trading by developing an Internet-based
marketplace in which a community of buyers and sellers are
brought together in an entertaining, intuitive, easy-to-use
environment to browse, buy and sell an enormous variety of
items. Through our PayPal service, we enable any business or
consumer with email to send and receive online payments
securely, conveniently and cost-effectively.
Executive Operating and
Financial Summary
|
|
|
Our focus is on understanding our key operating and financial
metrics |
Members of our senior management team regularly review key
operating metrics such as new users, active users, listings and
gross merchandise volume as well as new user accounts and total
payment volume processed by our PayPal subsidiary. Members of
our senior management also regularly review key financial
information including net revenues, operating income margins,
earnings per share, cash flows from operations and free cash
flows, which we define as operating cash flows less purchases of
property and equipment, net. These operating and financial
measures allow us to monitor the health and vibrancy of our
marketplace and our global payments platform, and the
profitability of our business and to evaluate the effectiveness
of investments that we have made and continue to make in the
areas of international expansion, customer support, product
development, marketing and site operations. We believe that an
understanding of these key operating and financial measures and
how they change over time is important to investors, analysts
and other parties analyzing our business results and future
market opportunities.
|
|
|
Our expectations for growth |
We expect that our growth in net revenues during the remainder
of 2005 will result primarily from increased net transaction
revenues across our U.S. Marketplace, International
Marketplace, and Payments segments. We continue to make
investments in our business and infrastructure, and strive for
cost and operational efficiencies to help us achieve our
long-term growth objectives. We expect to continue our
investments in the areas of international expansion for both our
eBay Marketplace and our PayPal businesses, customer support,
site operations, trust and safety, marketing and various
corporate infrastructure areas. We believe these investments are
necessary to support the long-term demands of our growing
business. In addition, to the extent that the U.S. dollar
strengthens against foreign currencies, and, in particular, the
Euro, the remeasurement of these foreign currency denominated
transactions into U.S. dollars will negatively impact our
consolidated net revenues and, to the extent that they are not
hedged, our net income.
22
The detailed discussion of our consolidated financial results
contained herein is intended to provide information to assist
investors, analysts and other parties reading this report
understand our key operating and financial measures as well as
the changes in our consolidated results of operations from
period to period, and the primary factors that accounted for
those changes.
The following table sets forth, for the periods presented, our
total net revenues and the sequential quarterly growth of these
net revenues.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31 | |
|
June 30 | |
|
September 30 | |
|
December 31 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages) | |
2003
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
$ |
476,492 |
|
|
$ |
509,269 |
|
|
$ |
530,942 |
|
|
$ |
648,393 |
|
|
Current quarter vs prior quarter
|
|
|
15 |
% |
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
22 |
% |
2004
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
$ |
756,239 |
|
|
$ |
773,412 |
|
|
$ |
805,876 |
|
|
$ |
935,782 |
|
|
Current quarter vs prior quarter
|
|
|
17 |
% |
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
16 |
% |
2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net revenues
|
|
$ |
1,031,724 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
Current quarter vs prior quarter
|
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As our business matures, transaction activity patterns on our
websites increasingly mirror general consumer buying patterns,
both online and offline. We have historically experienced our
strongest quarters of sequential growth in the first and fourth
fiscal quarters. We expect this pattern of seasonality to
continue.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth, for the periods presented,
certain data from our condensed consolidated statement of income
as a percentage of net revenues. This information should be read
in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial
statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this
report.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended | |
|
|
| |
|
|
March 31, | |
|
June 30, | |
|
September 30, | |
|
December 31, | |
|
March 31, | |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
Net revenues
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Cost of net revenues
|
|
|
17.8 |
|
|
|
18.9 |
|
|
|
19.5 |
|
|
|
18.9 |
|
|
|
18.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
82.2 |
|
|
|
81.1 |
|
|
|
80.5 |
|
|
|
81.1 |
|
|
|
81.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
25.5 |
|
|
|
24.5 |
|
|
|
25.7 |
|
|
|
28.7 |
|
|
|
26.3 |
|
|
Product development
|
|
|
7.0 |
|
|
|
7.8 |
|
|
|
7.9 |
|
|
|
6.9 |
|
|
|
7.2 |
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
12.0 |
|
|
|
13.3 |
|
|
|
13.1 |
|
|
|
12.4 |
|
|
|
13.2 |
|
|
Payroll tax on employee stock options
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
Amortization of acquired intangible assets
|
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
2.1 |
|
|
|
2.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses
|
|
|
47.0 |
|
|
|
48.3 |
|
|
|
49.0 |
|
|
|
50.7 |
|
|
|
49.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from operations
|
|
|
35.3 |
|
|
|
32.8 |
|
|
|
31.5 |
|
|
|
30.4 |
|
|
|
32.5 |
|
Interest and other income, net
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
|
2.9 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
2.2 |
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes and minority interests
|
|
|
38.1 |
|
|
|
35.4 |
|
|
|
32.9 |
|
|
|
32.2 |
|
|
|
34.5 |
|
Provision for income taxes
|
|
|
(11.3 |
) |
|
|
(10.5 |
) |
|
|
(10.0 |
) |
|
|
(10.2 |
) |
|
|
(9.7 |
) |
Minority interests
|
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
(0.0 |
) |
|
|
(0.0 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
26.5 |
|
|
|
24.6 |
|
|
|
22.6 |
|
|
|
21.9 |
|
|
|
24.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23
Our net revenues are derived primarily from listing, feature and
final value fees paid by sellers on our eBay Marketplace and
fees from payment processing services on our PayPal platform.
Our net revenues have continued to grow each year, primarily as
a result of increased auction and fixed-price transaction
activity, reflected in the growth in the number of our confirmed
registered users, user activity, listings and gross merchandise
volume on our eBay Marketplace platforms and payment
transactions processed by PayPal. We believe these increases are
largely the result of our promotional efforts and our emphasis
on enhancing the online trading experience of our user
community, both domestically and internationally, through the
introduction of new site features and functionality and expanded
trust and safety programs.
We have continued to invest in international expansion, customer
support, site operations, trust and safety, corporate
infrastructure, product development and marketing. The cost of
these investments has, in the first quarter of 2005, been offset
by operational and cost efficiencies, particularly in the area
of marketing.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
Ended | |
|
Percent | |
|
Ended | |
|
|
March 31, 2004 | |
|
Change | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands, except percent changes) | |
Net Revenues by Type:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net transaction revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Marketplace
|
|
$ |
326,217 |
|
|
|
19 |
% |
|
$ |
388,759 |
|
|
International Marketplace
|
|
|
257,090 |
|
|
|
51 |
% |
|
|
387,187 |
|
|
Payments
|
|
|
155,513 |
|
|
|
46 |
% |
|
|
227,097 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net transaction revenues
|
|
|
738,820 |
|
|
|
36 |
% |
|
|
1,003,043 |
|
Advertising and other non-transaction net revenues
|
|
|
17,419 |
|
|
|
65 |
% |
|
|
28,681 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues
|
|
$ |
756,239 |
|
|
|
36 |
% |
|
$ |
1,031,724 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Revenues by Segment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Marketplace
|
|
$ |
338,570 |
|
|
|
20 |
% |
|
$ |
404,848 |
|
|
International Marketplace
|
|
|
259,490 |
|
|
|
52 |
% |
|
|
393,792 |
|
|
Payments
|
|
|
158,179 |
|
|
|
47 |
% |
|
|
233,084 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues
|
|
$ |
756,239 |
|
|
|
36 |
% |
|
$ |
1,031,724 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Revenues by Geography:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S.
|
|
$ |
455,355 |
|
|
|
22 |
% |
|
$ |
556,246 |
|
|
International
|
|
|
300,884 |
|
|
|
58 |
% |
|
|
475,478 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total net revenues
|
|
$ |
756,239 |
|
|
|
36 |
% |
|
$ |
1,031,724 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24
Net revenues are attributed to U.S. and International
geographies based upon the country in which the seller, payment
recipient, advertiser or service provider is located. Our
Payments segment net revenues include amounts earned
internationally.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
Ended | |
|
Percent | |
|
Ended | |
|
|
March 31, 2004 | |
|
Change | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In millions, except percent changes) | |
Supplemental Operating Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. and International Marketplace Segments:(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Confirmed registered users(2)
|
|
|
104.8 |
|
|
|
40 |
% |
|
|
147.1 |
|
|
Active users(3)
|
|
|
45.1 |
|
|
|
34 |
% |
|
|
60.5 |
|
|
Number of non-stores listings(4)
|
|
|
319.7 |
|
|
|
25 |
% |
|
|
399.8 |
|
|
Number of stores listings(4)
|
|
|
8.0 |
|
|
|
300 |
% |
|
|
32.0 |
|
|
Gross merchandise volume(5)
|
|
$ |
8,039 |
|
|
|
32 |
% |
|
$ |
10,602 |
|
Payments Segment :
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total accounts(6)
|
|
|
45.6 |
|
|
|
57 |
% |
|
|
71.6 |
|
|
Active accounts(7)
|
|
|
14.5 |
|
|
|
52 |
% |
|
|
22.1 |
|
|
Total number of payments(8)
|
|
|
79.2 |
|
|
|
39 |
% |
|
|
110.4 |
|
|
Total payment volume(9)
|
|
$ |
4,321 |
|
|
|
44 |
% |
|
$ |
6,233 |
|
|
|
(1) |
Marktplaats.nl in the Netherlands, mobile.de in Germany, and
Rent.com in the United States are not included in these metrics. |
|
(2) |
Cumulative total of all users who have completed the
registration process on one of eBays trading platforms. |
|
(3) |
All users, excluding users of Baazee.com, Half.com, Internet
Auction, Marktplaats.nl, mobile.de, and Rent.com, who bid on,
bought, or listed an item within the previous 12-month period.
Includes users of eBay EachNet in China since the migration to
the eBay platform in September 2004. |
|
(4) |
All listings on eBays trading platforms during the period,
regardless of whether the listing subsequently closed
successfully. |
|
(5) |
Total value of all successfully closed listings between users on
eBays trading platforms during the period, regardless of
whether the buyer and seller actually consummated the
transaction. |
|
(6) |
Cumulative total of all personal, premier, or business accounts
opened, excluding accounts that have been closed or locked, and
users that made payments using PayPal but have not registered. |
|
(7) |
All accounts, and users whether registered or not, that sent or
received at least one payment through the PayPal system within
the previous three-month period. |
|
(8) |
Total number of payments initiated through the PayPal system
during the period, regardless of whether the payment was
actually sent successfully, or was reversed, rejected, or
pending at the end of the period. |
|
(9) |
Total dollar volume of payments initiated through the PayPal
system during the period, regardless of whether the payment was
actually sent successfully, or was reversed, rejected, or was
pending at the end of the period. |
The U.S. Marketplace segment includes our
U.S. marketplace trading platforms, other than our PayPal
subsidiary. The International Marketplace segment includes our
International marketplace trading platforms excluding our PayPal
subsidiary. The Payments segment includes our global payments
platform consisting of our PayPal subsidiary.
Our net revenues result from fees associated with our
transaction, advertising and other services in our
U.S. Marketplace, International Marketplace, and Payments
segments. Net transaction revenues are derived primarily from
listing, feature and final value fees paid by sellers and fees
from payment processing services. Net revenues from advertising
are derived principally from the sale of banner and sponsorship
advertisements
25
for cash and through barter arrangements. Other non-transaction
net revenues are derived principally from contractual
arrangements with third parties that provide transaction
services to eBay and PayPal users.
|
|
|
eBay Marketplace Net Transaction Revenues |
Total net transaction revenues from the U.S. and International
Marketplace segments in aggregate increased 33% during the first
quarter of 2005, compared to the first quarter of 2004. The
growth in both U.S. Marketplace and International
Marketplace segment net transaction revenues was primarily the
result of increased auction transaction activity, reflected in
the growth of the number of registered users, active users,
listings and gross merchandise volume. Gross merchandise volume
from the U.S. and International Marketplace segments together
increased 32% during the first quarter of 2005, compared to the
first quarter of 2004. U.S. and International Marketplace
segment net transaction revenues as a percentage of gross
merchandise volume was 7.3% in the first quarter of 2005,
consistent with the first quarter of 2004. During the first
quarter of 2005, there was gross merchandise volume growth
across all major categories with motors, clothing &
accessories, computers, and consumer electronics making the most
significant year-over-year impact.
U.S. Marketplace segment net transaction revenues increased
19% during the first quarter of 2005, compared to the first
quarter of 2004. Net transaction revenues derived from the
U.S. Marketplace segment represented 39% of the total net
transaction revenues in the first quarter of 2005, compared to
44% in the first quarter of 2004. Gross merchandise volume from
the U.S. Marketplace segment increased 17% during the first
quarter 2005, compared to the first quarter of 2004. The
U.S. Marketplace is our largest and most developed
business. We expect net transaction revenues from our
U.S. Marketplace segment to increase during the remainder
of 2005 when compared to the same period in the prior year, but
to decrease as a percentage of total eBay Marketplace net
transaction revenues as the International Marketplace segment
grows in significance. In addition, even as the
U.S. Marketplace segment continues to grow in total, we
expect the growth rate during the remainder of 2005 to be lower
than that of 2004.
|
|
|
International Marketplace Segment |
International Marketplace segment net transaction revenues
increased 51% during the first quarter of 2005, compared to the
first quarter of 2004. International Marketplace segment net
transaction revenues as a percentage of total net transaction
revenues was 39% during the first quarter of 2005, compared to
35% in the first quarter of 2004. Gross merchandise volume from
the International Marketplace segment increased 50% in the first
quarter of 2005, compared to the first quarter of 2004. The
growth in our International Marketplace segment net transaction
revenues, in total and as a percentage of total net transaction
revenues was primarily the result of strong performances in the
United Kingdom and South Korea as well as significant increases
in certain of our less established markets, particularly
Australia, France and Italy. The relative strength of foreign
currencies against the U.S. dollar resulted in increased
net revenues of approximately $22.2 million during the
first quarter of 2005. Changes in foreign currency rates will
impact our operating results, and to the extent that the
U.S. dollar strengthens, our foreign currency denominated
transaction net revenues will be negatively impacted. We expect
that the growth rate of our International Marketplace segment
net transaction revenues will continue to decline during the
remainder of 2005, although we expect such revenues to grow in
significance relative to our total eBay Marketplace as we
continue to develop and deploy our global online trading
platform during 2005.
|
|
|
Payments Segment Net Transaction Revenues |
Payments segment net transaction revenues increased 46% during
the first quarter of 2005, compared to the first quarter of
2004. Payments segment net transaction revenues as a percentage
of total net transaction revenues was 23% during the first
quarter of 2005, compared to 21% in the first quarter of 2004.
The growth in our Payments segment net transaction revenues,
both in total and as a percentage of total net transaction
26
revenues is primarily the result of increases in PayPal
transaction volume driven by the growth in, and the higher
penetration of, the eBay Marketplace.
Our Payments segment net transaction revenues as a percentage of
total payment volume was 3.6% during the first quarter of 2005,
consistent with the first quarter of 2004. The growth in
Payments segment net transaction revenues was positively
affected by PayPals continued penetration of eBay
Marketplace transactions, particularly in the United States and
the United Kingdom. Further, Payments segment net transaction
revenues have grown in connection with the increase in our eBay
Marketplace gross merchandise volume during the first quarter of
2005 as compared to the first quarter of 2004. In addition,
payments for transactions other than on our eBay Marketplace
websites, contributed net revenues of approximately
$63.5 million in the first quarter of 2005 as compared to
$44.7 million in the first quarter of 2004, an increase of
42%. The relative strength of foreign currencies, primarily the
Euro, against the U.S. dollar, resulted in increased net
revenues of approximately $2.7 million during the first
quarter 2005.
Net transaction revenues from the Payments segment earned
internationally totaled $81.7 million during the first
quarter of 2005, representing 36% of total Payments segment net
transaction revenue. This can be compared to net transaction
revenues from the Payments segment earned internationally of
$41.4 million during the first quarter of 2004,
representing 27% of total Payments segment net transaction
revenue. Changes in foreign currency rates will impact our
operating results and, to the extent that the U.S. dollar
strengthens, our foreign currency denominated net revenues will
be negatively impacted. We expect the Payments segment net
transaction revenues to increase in total during the remainder
of 2005 and for net transaction revenues earned internationally
to increase in total and as a percentage of the Payments segment
net transaction revenues. We also expect that the Payments
segment net transaction revenues will increase as a percentage
of total net transaction revenues in the remainder of 2005.
|
|
|
Advertising and Other Non-Transaction Net Revenues |
Advertising and other non-transaction net revenues increased in
total and as a percentage of total net revenues in the first
quarter of 2005 as compared to the first quarter of 2004.
Advertising and other non-transaction net revenues represented
3% of total net revenues during the first quarter of 2005,
compared to 2% during the first quarter of 2004. We continue to
view our business as primarily transaction driven and we expect
advertising and other non-transaction net revenues to continue
to represent a relatively small portion of total net revenues
during the remainder of 2005.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
Ended | |
|
Percent | |
|
Ended | |
|
|
March 31, 2004 | |
|
Change | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages) | |
Cost of net revenues
|
|
$ |
134,358 |
|
|
|
39% |
|
|
$ |
186,369 |
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
17.8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
18.1 |
% |
Cost of net revenues consists primarily of costs associated with
payment processing, site operations, and certain types of
customer support. Significant cost components include bank
charges, credit card interchange, other payment processing
costs, employee compensation and facilities costs for our
customer support and site operations, depreciation of equipment
and amortization of required capitalization of major site and
product development costs.
The increase in cost of net revenues during the first quarter of
2005, compared to the first quarter of 2004, was primarily due
to an increase in the volume of transactions on the eBay and
PayPal websites, and continued development and expansion of our
customer support and site operations infrastructure. Payment
processing costs increased to $87.6 million in the first
quarter of 2005 from $67.2 million in the first quarter of
2004, due to the increase in PayPals total payment volume
and increased payment processing costs related to the growth of
our eBay Marketplace activity. Aggregate customer support and
site operations costs increased approximately $26.9 million
during the first quarter of 2005 compared to the first quarter
of 2004, due primarily to an
27
increase in aggregate depreciation of site equipment and
employee related costs of $8.7 million and
$8.6 million, respectively. The remainder of the increase
was due primarily to increased consultant fees and facilities
costs. Costs of net revenues are expected to increase in total
and may increase slightly as a percentage of net revenues during
the remainder of 2005.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
Ended | |
|
Percent | |
|
Ended | |
|
|
March 31, 2004 | |
|
Change | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages) | |
Sales and marketing
|
|
$ |
192,690 |
|
|
|
41% |
|
|
$ |
271,349 |
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
25.5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
26.3 |
% |
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of advertising,
tradeshow and other promotional costs, employee compensation for
our category development and marketing staff and certain trust
and safety programs.
The increase in sales and marketing expenses in the first
quarter of 2005 as compared to the first quarter of 2004 was
primarily due to our continued investment in growing our global
user base. Growth in advertising and marketing costs as well as
employee-related costs comprised the majority of the increase.
Combined advertising and marketing costs increased
$45.4 million during the first quarter of 2005 as compared
to the first quarter of 2004. This increase was primarily the
result of international expansion and industry-wide increases in
Internet marketing rates, that was partially offset by marketing
efficiencies. Employee-related costs increased by approximately
$19.9 million during the first quarter of 2005 as compared
to the first quarter of 2004. Sales and marketing expenses are
expected to increase in total and may increase as a percentage
of net revenues during the remainder of 2005. In addition, our
online marketing expenses are expected to increase because of
increases in the volume of, and especially rates for, online
advertising that we expect to purchase in order to attract new
customers and increase user activity on our websites including
growth initiatives in sales and marketing activities in our U.S.
and International Marketplaces, including China.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
Ended | |
|
Percent | |
|
Ended | |
|
|
March 31, 2004 | |
|
Change | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages) | |
Product development
|
|
$ |
52,698 |
|
|
|
40 |
% |
|
$ |
73,789 |
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
7.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.2 |
% |
Product development expenses consist primarily of employee
compensation, consultant costs, facilities costs and
depreciation on equipment used for development. Product
development expenses are net of required capitalization of major
site and other product development efforts. These capitalized
costs totaled $9.7 million in the first quarter of 2005 and
$10.2 million in the first quarter of 2004, and are
reflected as a cost of net revenues when amortized in future
periods. We anticipate that we will continue to devote
significant resources to product development in the future as we
add new features and functionality to the eBay and PayPal
platforms.
The increase in product development expenses in the first
quarter of 2005 as compared to the first quarter of 2004 was
primarily the result of increased headcount and consultant costs
to support various platform development initiatives at eBay and
PayPal and the international expansion of both platforms.
Employee-related and consultant costs increased by approximately
$12.5 million and $5.5 million, respectively, during
the first quarter of 2005 as compared to the first quarter of
2004. Product development expenses may increase in total and
slightly as a percentage of net revenues during the remainder of
2005, as we develop new features and functionality and continue
to improve and expand operations across all our segments
including the U.S. and International Marketplace and PayPal
Merchant Services.
28
|
|
|
General and Administrative |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
Ended | |
|
Percent | |
|
Ended | |
|
|
March 31, 2004 | |
|
Change | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages) | |
General and administrative
|
|
$ |
90,636 |
|
|
|
50 |
% |
|
$ |
136,389 |
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
12.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.2 |
% |
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of
employee compensation, provisions for transaction losses
associated with our Payments segment, depreciation of equipment,
provision for doubtful accounts, insurance and professional fees.
The increase in general and administrative expenses in the first
quarter of 2005 as compared to the first quarter of 2004 was
primarily due to employee related costs, facilities costs, and
payment transaction loss expenses. The increases in employee
related costs resulted from continued headcount growth primarily
in trust and safety and corporate functions. Employee-related
costs increased by approximately $25.1 million during the
first quarter of 2005 as compared to the first quarter of 2004.
Facilities costs increased by approximately $10.8 million
during the first quarter of 2005 as compared to the first
quarter of 2004. PayPals payment transaction loss expense
increased approximately $6.9 million during the first
quarter of 2005 as compared the first quarter of 2004.
PayPals payment transaction loss rate, which is the
transaction loss expense as a percentage of PayPals total
payment volume, was 0.30% during the first quarter of 2005 as
compared to 0.27% during the first quarter of 2004. The increase
in this percentage during the first quarter of 2005 as compared
to the first quarter of 2004 was due primarily to the expanded
coverage for our PayPal Buyer Protection Program, the improved
usability of the eBay Standard Purchase Protection Program, as
well as the introduction of additional programs in 2004. While
our transaction loss rate may increase slightly, we expect
general and administrative expenses in total to decrease
slightly as a percentage of net revenues during the remainder of
2005.
|
|
|
Payroll Tax on Employee Stock Options |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
Ended | |
|
Percent | |
|
Ended | |
|
|
March 31, 2004 | |
|
Change | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages) | |
Payroll tax on employee stock options
|
|
$ |
5,146 |
|
|
|
11 |
% |
|
$ |
5,731 |
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
0.7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.6 |
% |
We are subject to employer payroll taxes on employee gains from
the exercise of non-qualified stock options. These employer
payroll taxes are recorded as a charge to operations in the
period in which such options are exercised and sold based on
actual gains realized by employees. Our results of operations
and cash flows could vary significantly depending on the actual
period that stock options are exercised by employees and,
consequently, the amount of employer payroll taxes assessed. In
general, we expect payroll taxes on employee stock option gains
to increase during periods in which our stock price is high
relative to historic levels.
|
|
|
Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
Ended | |
|
Percent | |
|
Ended | |
|
|
March 31, 2004 | |
|
Change | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages) | |
Amortization of acquired intangible assets
|
|
$ |
13,963 |
|
|
|
61 |
% |
|
$ |
22,523 |
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
1.8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.2 |
% |
From time to time we have purchased, and we expect to continue
purchasing, assets or businesses to accelerate category and
geographic expansion, increase the features, functions, and
formats available to our users and maintain a leading role in
online trading. These purchase transactions generally result in
the creation
29
of acquired intangible assets and lead to a corresponding
increase in the amortization expense in future periods. The
increase in amortization of acquired intangibles during the
first quarter of 2005 compared to the first quarter of 2004 is
due to the business acquisitions made during 2004 and in the
first quarter of 2005.
Intangible assets include purchased customer lists and user
base, trademarks and trade names, developed technologies, and
other intangible assets. We amortize intangible assets,
excluding goodwill, using the straight-line method over
estimated useful lives ranging from one to eight years.
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the
fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible
assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is subject
to at least an annual assessment for impairment, applying a
fair-value based test. We evaluate goodwill, at a minimum, on an
annual basis and whenever events and changes in circumstances
suggest that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.
Impairment of goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level by
comparing the reporting units carrying amount, including
goodwill, to the fair value of the reporting unit. The fair
values of the reporting units are estimated using a combination
of the income, or discounted cash flows, approach and the market
approach, which utilizes comparable companies data. If the
carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value,
goodwill is considered impaired and a second step is performed
to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. Our annual
impairment test was carried out as of August 31, 2004, and
we determined that there was no impairment. There were no events
or circumstances from that date through March 31, 2005 that
would impact this assessment.
We expect amortization of acquired intangible assets to increase
during the remainder of 2005 as a result of the intangible
assets associated with our acquisition of Rent.com in February
2005. Amortization of acquired intangible assets will also
increase should we make additional acquisitions in the future.
|
|
|
Interest and Other Income, Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
Ended | |
|
Percent | |
|
Ended | |
|
|
March 31, 2004 | |
|
Change | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages) | |
Interest and other income, net
|
|
$ |
23,499 |
|
|
|
(5 |
)% |
|
$ |
22,403 |
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
3.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.2 |
% |
Interest and other income, net consists of interest earned on
cash, cash equivalents and investments as well as foreign
exchange transaction gains and losses and other miscellaneous
non-operating transactions.
Our interest and other income, net, decreased during the first
quarter of 2005 as compared to the first quarter of 2004
primarily as a result of one-time gains of approximately
$11.2 million recorded during the first quarter of 2004
related to certain contract amendments that were not recorded in
the first quarter of 2005. Without these gains, interest and
other income, net, would have shown an increase in the first
quarter of 2005 from the first quarter of 2004 of approximately
$10.1 million. This increase was primarily related to
increased interest income recorded during the first quarter of
2005 primarily due to increased cash, cash equivalents and
investments balances and higher interest rates. The
weighted-average interest rate of our portfolio was
approximately 2.5% in the first quarter of 2005, compared to
1.4% in the first quarter of 2004.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
Ended | |
|
Percent | |
|
Ended | |
|
|
March 31, 2004 | |
|
Change | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages) | |
Interest expense
|
|
$ |
2,331 |
|
|
|
(26 |
)% |
|
$ |
1,720 |
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
0.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.2 |
% |
Interest expense consists of interest charges related to our
San Jose headquarters lease facilities, capital leases, and
mortgage notes.
30
Interest expense decreased during the first quarter of 2005 as
compared to the first quarter of 2004 primarily due to the
payment of the lease obligation for our San Jose
headquarters facility on March 1, 2005. As a result, we
expect our interest expense will decrease both in total and as a
percentage of net revenues during the remainder of 2005.
|
|
|
Provision for Income Taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
Ended | |
|
Percent | |
|
Ended | |
|
|
March 31, 2004 | |
|
Change | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages) | |
Provision for income taxes
|
|
$ |
85,756 |
|
|
|
17 |
% |
|
$ |
99,948 |
|
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
11.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.7 |
% |
Effective tax rate
|
|
|
30 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
28 |
% |
The provision for income taxes differs from the amount computed
by applying the statutory U.S. federal rate principally due
to non-deductible expenses related to acquisitions, state taxes,
subsidiary losses for which we have not provided a benefit and
other factors that increase the effective tax rate. These
expenses are offset by decreases resulting from foreign income
with lower effective tax rates and tax credits.
The lower effective tax rates for the first quarter of 2005, as
compared to the first quarter of 2004 reflects the increasing
profit contribution from our international operations that are
subject to lower tax rates.
We receive tax deductions from the gains realized by employees
on the exercise of certain non-qualified stock options for which
the benefit is recognized as a component of stockholders
equity. We have evaluated our deferred tax assets relating to
these stock option deductions along with our other deferred tax
assets and concluded that a valuation allowance is required for
that portion of the total deferred tax assets that is not
considered more likely than not to be realized in future
periods. Should a valuation allowance no longer be required, the
reversal of the valuation allowance will be reflected as an
increase in additional paid-in capital rather than a reduction
of the income tax provision.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
|
Three Months | |
|
|
Ended | |
|
Percent | |
|
Ended | |
|
|
March 31, 2004 | |
|
Change | |
|
March 31, 2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands, except percentages) | |
Minority interests
|
|
$ |
(2,060 |
) |
|
|
99 |
% |
|
$ |
(18 |
) |
As a percentage of net revenues
|
|
|
(0.3 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.0 |
% |
Minority interests represents the minority investors
percentage share of income or losses from subsidiaries in which
we hold a majority ownership interest and consolidate the
subsidiaries results in our financial statements. Third
parties held minority interests in one of our subsidiaries
during the first quarter of 2004 and during the first quarter of
2005.
The change in minority interests in the first quarter of 2005 as
compared to the first quarter of 2004 is due primarily to our
acquisition of approximately 38% additional ownership interest
in Internet Auction during 2004.
|
|
|
Impact of Foreign Currency Translation |
During the first quarter of 2005, our international net
revenues, based upon the country in which the seller, payment
recipient, advertiser or other service provider is located,
accounted for approximately 46% of our consolidated net
revenues, as compared to approximately 40% of our net revenues
in the first quarter of 2004. The growth in our international
operations has increased our exposure to foreign currency
fluctuations. Net revenues and related expenses generated from
international locations are denominated in the functional
currencies of the local countries, and include Euros, British
pounds, Korean won, Canadian dollars, Taiwanese dollars, and
Australian dollars. The results of operations and certain of our
inter-company balances associated
31
with our international locations are exposed to foreign exchange
rate fluctuations. The statements of income of our international
operations are translated into U.S. dollars at the average
exchange rates in each applicable period. To the extent the
U.S. dollar weakens against foreign currencies, the
remeasurement of these foreign currency denominated transactions
results in increased net revenues, operating expenses and net
income. Similarly, our net revenues, operating expenses and net
income will decrease when the U.S. dollar strengthens
against foreign currencies.
During the first quarter of 2005, the U.S. dollar weakened
against the foreign currencies listed above, as compared to the
first quarter of 2004. Using the weighted-average foreign
currency exchange rates from the first quarter of 2004, our net
revenues for the first quarter of 2005 would have been lower
than we reported using the actual exchange rate for the first
quarter of 2005, by approximately $24.9 million, of which
$22.2 million and $2.7 million relate to our
International Marketplace and Payments segments, respectively.
In addition, if the weighted-average foreign currency exchange
rates from the first quarter of 2004 were applied to our cost of
revenues and operating expenses for the first quarter of 2005,
these cost of revenues and operating expenses would have been
lower in total than we reported using the actual exchange rates
for the first quarter of 2005 by approximately
$12.1 million. The majority of this impact relates to the
relative strength of the Euro against the U.S. dollar. We
expect our international operations will continue to grow in
significance as we develop and deploy our global marketplace and
global payments platform. As a result, the impact of foreign
currency fluctuations in future periods could become more
significant and may have a negative impact on our net revenues
and net income. See the information in Item 3 of
Part I under the subheading Foreign Currency
Risk for additional discussion of the impact of foreign
currency translation and related hedging activities.
|
|
|
Foreign Exchange Hedging Policy |
We are a rapidly growing company, with an increasing proportion
of our operations outside the United States. Accordingly, our
foreign currency exposures have increased substantially and are
expected to continue to grow. The objective of our foreign
exchange exposure management program is to identify material
foreign currency exposures and to manage these exposures to
minimize the potential effects of currency fluctuations on our
reported consolidated cash flows and results of operations.
Our primary foreign currency exposures are transaction,
translation and economic:
Transaction Exposure: Around the world, we have certain
assets and liabilities, primarily receivables, investments and
accounts payable (including inter-company transactions) that are
denominated in currencies other than the relevant entitys
functional currency. In certain circumstances, changes in the
functional currency value of these assets and liabilities create
fluctuations in our reported consolidated financial position,
results of operations and cash flows. We may enter into foreign
exchange forward contracts or other instruments to minimize the
short-term foreign currency fluctuations on such assets and
liabilities. The gains and losses on the foreign exchange
forward contracts offset the transaction gains and losses on
certain foreign currency receivables, investments and payables
recognized in earnings.
Earnings Translation Exposure: As our international
operations grow, fluctuations in the foreign currencies create
volatility in our reported results of operations as we are
required to consolidate the results of operations of our foreign
denominated subsidiaries. We may decide to purchase forward
exchange contracts or other instruments to offset the earnings
impact of currency fluctuations. Such contracts will be
marked-to-market on a monthly basis and any unrealized gain or
loss recorded in interest and other income, net.
Economic Exposure: We also have anticipated and
unrecognized future cash flows, including revenues and expenses,
denominated in currencies other than the relevant entitys
functional currency. Our primary economic exposures include
future royalty receivables, customer collections, and vendor
payments. Changes in the relevant entitys functional
currency value will cause fluctuations in the cash flows we
expect to receive when these cash flows are realized or settled.
We may enter into foreign exchange forward contracts or other
derivatives to hedge the value of a portion of these cash flows.
We account for these foreign exchange contracts as cash flow
hedges. The effective portion of the derivatives gain or
loss is initially reported as a
32
component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and
subsequently reclassified into earnings when the transaction is
settled.
We continue to believe that employee stock options represent an
appropriate and essential component of our overall compensation
program. We grant options to substantially all employees and
believe that this broad-based program helps us to attract,
motivate, and retain high quality employees, to the ultimate
benefit of our stockholders. Stock options granted during the
year ended December 31, 2004, net of cancellations,
represented approximately 3% of our total outstanding common
stock at December 31, 2004, a substantial portion of which
were granted to new employees. We expect that our stock option
grants, net of cancellations, for the full year 2005 will
represent approximately 2% of our total outstanding common stock
at December 31, 2005.
|
|
|
Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
In December 2004, the FASB issued a Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004),
Share-Based Payment (FAS 123R) that addresses
the accounting for share-based payment transactions in which an
enterprise receives employee services in exchange for either
equity instruments of the enterprise or liabilities that are
based on the fair value of the enterprises equity
instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of such
equity instruments. The statement eliminates the ability to
account for share-based compensation transactions, as we do
currently, using the intrinsic value method prescribed by
Accounting Principles Board, or APB, Opinion No. 25,
Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and
generally requires that such transactions be accounted for using
a fair-value-based method and recognized as expenses in our
consolidated statement of income. The statement requires
companies to assess the most appropriate model to calculate the
value of the options. We currently use the Black-Scholes option
pricing model to value options and are currently assessing which
model we may use in the future under the statement and may deem
an alternative model to be the most appropriate. The use of a
different model to value options may result in a different fair
value than the use of the Black-Scholes option pricing model. In
addition, there are a number of other requirements under the new
standard that will result in differing accounting treatment than
currently required. These differences include, but are not
limited to, the accounting for the tax benefit on employee stock
options and for stock issued under our employee stock purchase
plan and the presentation of these tax benefits within the
consolidated statement of cash flows. In addition to the
appropriate fair value model to be used for valuing share-based
payments, we will also be required to determine the transition
method to be used at date of adoption. The allowed transition
methods include prospective and retroactive adoption options.
The prospective method requires that compensation expense be
recorded for all unvested stock options and restricted stock at
the beginning of the first quarter of adoption of FAS 123R,
while the retroactive methods would record compensation expense
for all unvested stock option and restricted stock beginning
with the first period restated.
In April 2005, the Securities and
Exchange Commission announced the adoption of a new rule that
amends the effective date under FAS 123R. The effective
date of the new standard under these new rules for our
consolidated financial statements is January 1, 2006.
Adoption of this statement will have a significant impact on our
consolidated financial statements as we will be required to
expense the fair value of our stock option grants and stock
purchases under our employee stock purchase plan rather than
disclose the impact on our consolidated net income within our
footnotes, as is our current practice (see Note 1 of the
notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
contained herein). The amounts disclosed within our footnotes
are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that will be
expensed upon the adoption of FAS 123R. Compensation
expense calculated under FAS 123R may differ from amounts
currently disclosed within our footnotes based on changes in the
fair value of our common stock, changes in the number of options
granted or the terms of such options, the treatment of tax
benefits and changes in interest rates or other factors. In
addition, upon adoption of FAS 123R, we may choose to use a
different valuation model to value the
33
compensation expense associated with employee stock options and
stock purchases under our employee stock purchase plan.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153,
Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets An Amendment
of APB Opinion No. 29, Accounting for Nonmonetary
Transactions (SFAS 153). SFAS 153 eliminates the
exception from fair value measurement for nonmonetary exchanges
of similar productive assets in paragraph 21(b) of APB
Opinion No. 29, Accounting for Nonmonetary
Transactions, and replaces it with an exception for
exchanges that do not have commercial substance. SFAS 153
specifies that a nonmonetary exchange has commercial substance
if the future cash flows of the entity are expected to change
significantly as a result of the exchange. This standard is
effective for fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005.
We believe that the adoption of SFAS 153 will not have a
material impact on our consolidated statement of income or
financial condition.
As of March 31, 2005, eBay Inc. and its consolidated
subsidiaries employed approximately 8,600 people (excluding
approximately 650 temporary employees), of whom approximately
6,000 were located in the United States (excluding approximately
400 temporary employees). Our future success is substantially
dependent on the performance of our executive and senior
management and key technical personnel, and on our continuing
ability to find and retain highly qualified technical and
managerial personnel.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended | |
|
|
March 31, | |
|
|
| |
|
|
2004 | |
|
2005 | |
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
(In thousands) | |
Consolidated Cash Flow Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating activities
|
|
$ |
366,245 |
|
|
$ |
495,419 |
|
|
Investing activities
|
|
|
(412,875 |
) |
|
|
(647,021 |
) |
|
Financing activities
|
|
|
171,942 |
|
|
|
51,040 |
|
|
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
(5,117 |
) |
|
|
(12,711 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$ |
120,195 |
|
|
$ |
(113,273 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We generated cash from operating activities in amounts greater
than net income in the three months ended March 31, 2005
and 2004, mainly due to non-cash charges to earnings. Non-cash
charges to earnings included depreciation and amortization on
our long-term assets, tax benefits on the exercise of employee
stock options resulting from personal gains recognized by our
employees, provision for doubtful accounts and authorized
credits resulting from increasing revenues and the provision for
transaction losses resulting from increased total payment
volumes processed by our PayPal subsidiary. Operating cash flows
for the first quarter of 2005 also benefited from growth in the
operations of PayPal Europe, established in February 2004.
Net cash used in investing activities during the first quarter
of 2005 consisted primarily of the cash payment for the
acquisition of Rent.com of approximately $435.4 million and
the net purchase of investments of approximately
$122.4 million. Net cash used in investing activities
during the first three months of 2004 primarily consisted of the
net purchase of investments of approximately
$306.4 million, and the installment payment of
approximately $38.4 million in connection with our
acquisition of the remaining ownership interest in EachNet in
the second quarter of 2003. Purchases of property and equipment
totaled $79.6 million during the first quarter of 2005 and
$70.9 million during the first quarter of 2004 and related
mainly to purchases of computer equipment and software to
support our site operations, customer support and international
expansion.
34
The net cash flows provided by financing activities during the
first quarter of 2005 consisted primarily of proceeds from stock
option exercises of $179.3 million, partially offset by the
payment of our lease obligation and the related minority
interest for our San Jose headquarters facility totaling
approximately $126.4 million. Net cash flows provided by
financing activities during the first quarter of 2004 were due
primarily to proceeds from stock option exercises of
$173.1 million. Our future cash flows from stock options
are difficult to project as such amounts are a function of our
stock price, the number of options outstanding, and the
decisions by employees to exercise stock options. In general, we
expect proceeds from stock option exercises to increase during
periods in which our stock price has increased relative to
historical levels.
The negative effect of exchange rates on cash and cash
equivalents during the three months ended March 31, 2005
and 2004 was due to the weakening of the U.S. dollar during
the quarter against other foreign currencies, primarily the Euro.
We believe that existing cash, cash equivalents and investments,
together with any cash generated from operations, will be
sufficient to fund our operating activities, capital
expenditures and other obligations for the foreseeable future.
However, if during that period or thereafter we are not
successful in generating sufficient cash flows from operations
or in raising additional capital when required in sufficient
amounts and on terms acceptable to us, our business could suffer.
We expect capital expenditures in the range of $340 million
to $400 million for the full year 2005, excluding the
payment for our lease obligation for our headquarters facility
in the first quarter of 2005 of $126 million.
|
|
|
Other Financial Arrangements |
As of March 31, 2005, we had no off-balance sheet
arrangements that are reasonably likely to have a future
material effect on our consolidated financial condition, results
of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital
resources.
|
|
|
Indemnification Provisions |
In the ordinary course of business, we have included limited
indemnification provisions in certain of our agreements with
parties with whom we have commercial relations, including our
standard marketing, promotions and
application-programming-interface license agreements. Under
these contracts, we generally indemnify, hold harmless, and
agree to reimburse the indemnified party for losses suffered or
incurred by the indemnified party in connection with claims by
any third party with respect to our domain names, trademarks,
logos and other branding elements to the extent that such marks
are applicable to our performance under the subject agreement.
In a limited number of agreements, including agreements under
which we have developed technology for certain commercial
parties, we have provided an indemnity for other types of
third-party claims, substantially all of which are indemnities
related to our copyrights, trademarks, and patents. To date, no
significant costs have been incurred, either individually or
collectively, in connection with our indemnification provisions.
On August 6, 2004, we entered into a commitment to purchase
a corporate aircraft for a total purchase price of
$40.3 million. This aircraft is being purchased to replace
our existing corporate aircraft, which was made available for
sale during the three months ended March 31, 2005. As of
March 31, 2005, $22.1 million has been paid in
relation to this future acquisition, with the remaining amount
to be paid in installments prior to delivery, which has been
scheduled for the second quarter of 2005.
35
Risk Factors That May Affect Results of Operations and
Financial Condition
The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only
ones facing us. Other events that we do not currently anticipate
or that we currently deem immaterial also may affect our results
of operations and financial condition.
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Our operating results may fluctuate. |
Our operating results have varied on a quarterly basis during
our operating history. Our operating results may fluctuate
significantly as a result of a variety of factors, many of which
are outside our control. Factors that may affect our operating
results include the following:
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our ability to retain an active user base, to attract new users,
and to encourage existing users to list items for sale, purchase
items through our service, or use our payment services; |
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the volume, size, timing, and completion rate of transactions on
our websites; |
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the amount and timing of operating costs and capital
expenditures relating to the maintenance and expansion of our
businesses, operations, and infrastructure; |
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technical difficulties or service interruptions involving our
websites or services provided to our users by third parties; |
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the actions of our competitors, including the introduction of
new sites, services, and products; |
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consumer confidence in the safety and security of transactions
on our websites; |
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the cost and availability of online and traditional advertising,
and the success of our brand building and marketing campaigns; |
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new laws or regulations, or interpretations of existing laws or
regulations, that harm the Internet, electronic commerce, or our
business model; |
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our ability to comply with the requirements of entities whose
services are required for our operations, such as credit card
associations; |
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our ability to upgrade and develop our systems, infrastructure,
and customer service capabilities to accommodate growth at a
reasonable cost; |
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the costs and results of litigation that involves us; |
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our ability to expand PayPals product offerings outside of
the U.S. (including our ability to obtain any necessary
regulatory approvals) and to increase the acceptance of PayPal
by online merchants outside of the eBay marketplace; |
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our ability to keep our websites operational at a reasonable
cost; |
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our ability to develop product enhancements at a reasonable cost
and to develop programs and features in a timely manner,
including expanding our fixed-price offerings; |
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our ability to successfully integrate and manage our
acquisitions, including, most recently, Rent.com; |
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our ability to manage PayPals transaction loss and credit
card chargeback rate and payment funding mix; |
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the success of our geographic and product expansions; |
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our ability to attract new personnel in a timely and effective
manner and to retain key employees; |
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the results of regulatory decisions that affect us; |
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the continued financial strength of our technology suppliers and
other parties with whom we have commercial relations; |
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increasing consumer acceptance of the Internet and other online
services for commerce in the face of increasing publicity about
fraud, spoofing, viruses, and other dangers of the Internet; |
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general economic conditions and those economic conditions
specific to the Internet and e-commerce industries; and |
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geopolitical events such as war, threat of war, or terrorist
actions. |
Our limited operating history and the increased variety of
services offered on our websites make it difficult for us to
forecast the level or source of our revenues or earnings
accurately. In view of the rapidly evolving nature of our
business and our limited operating history, we believe that
period-to-period comparisons of our operating results may not be
meaningful, and you should not rely upon them as an indication
of future performance. We do not have backlog, and substantially
all of our net revenues each quarter come from transactions
involving sales or payments during that quarter. Due to the
inherent difficulty in forecasting revenues it is also difficult
to forecast income statement expenses as a percentage of net
revenues. Quarterly and annual income statement expenses as a
percentage of net revenues may be significantly different from
historical or projected rates. Our operating results in one or
more future quarters may fall below the expectations of
securities analysts and investors. In that event, the trading
price of our common stock would almost certainly decline.
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We may not maintain our level of profitability or rates of
growth. |
We believe that our continued profitability and growth will
depend in large part on our ability to do the following:
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attract new users, keep existing users active on our websites,
and increase the activity levels of our active users; |
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manage the costs of our business, including the costs associated
with maintaining and developing our websites, customer support,
transaction and chargeback rates, and international and product
expansion; |
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maintain sufficient transaction volume to attract buyers and
sellers; |
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increase the awareness of our brands; and |
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provide our customers with superior community, customer support,
and trading experiences. |
We invest heavily in marketing and promotion, customer support,
and further development of operating infrastructure for our core
and recently acquired operations. Some of this investment
entails long-term contractual commitments. As a result, we may
be unable to adjust our spending rapidly enough to compensate
for any unexpected revenue shortfall, which may harm our
profitability. In addition, we are spending in advance of
anticipated growth, which may also harm our profitability.
Growth rates in our most established markets, such as Germany
and the U.S., have declined over time and may continue to do so
as the existing base of users and transactions becomes larger.
The expected future growth of our PayPal business may also cause
downward pressure on our profit margin because that business has
lower gross margins than our eBay business.
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We depend on the continued growth of online
commerce. |
The business of selling goods over the Internet, particularly
through online trading, is dynamic and relatively new. Growth in
the use of the Internet as a medium for consumer commerce may
not continue. Concerns about fraud, privacy, and other problems
may discourage additional consumers from adopting the Internet
as a medium of commerce. Market acceptance for recently
introduced services and products over the Internet is highly
uncertain, and there are few proven services and products. In
countries such as the U.S. and Germany, where our services and
online commerce generally have been available for some time and
the level of market penetration of our services is high,
acquiring new users for our services may be more difficult and
costly than it has been in the past. In order to expand our user
base, we must appeal to and acquire consumers who historically
have used traditional means of commerce to purchase goods. If
these consumers prove to be
37
less active than our earlier users, and we are unable to gain
efficiencies in our operating costs, including our cost of
acquiring new customers, our business could be adversely
impacted.
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We must keep pace with rapid technological change to
remain competitive. |
Our competitive arena is characterized by rapidly changing
technology, evolving industry standards, frequent new service
and product introductions and enhancements, and changing
customer demands. These characteristics are caused in part by
the emerging and changing nature of the Internet. Our future
success therefore will depend on our ability to adapt to rapidly
changing technologies and evolving industry standards and to
improve the performance, features, and reliability of our
service. Our failure to adapt to such changes would harm our
business. Recent changes in search functionality, including both
paid and natural search, may give buyers easier access to
Internet sellers who do not use our trading platforms and may
provide such sellers with alternative access to buyers. These
developments may reduce the attractiveness of our platform to
sellers and may adversely affect our growth and business. New
technologies, such as the development of a peer-to-peer personal
trading technology, could also adversely affect us. In addition,
the widespread adoption of new Internet, networking, or
telecommunications technologies or other technological changes
could require us to make substantial expenditures to modify or
adapt our services or infrastructure.
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There are many risks associated with our international
operations. |
Our international expansion has been rapid and we have only
limited experience in many of the countries in which we now do
business. Our international business, especially in Germany, the
U.K., Canada, and South Korea, has also become critical to our
revenues and profits. In 2004 and the first quarter of 2005, our
international net transaction revenues represented 35% and 39%,
respectively, of our total net transaction revenues. Expansion
into international markets requires management attention and
resources and requires us to localize our service to conform to
local cultures, standards, and policies. The commercial,
Internet, and transportation infrastructure in lesser-developed
countries may make it difficult for us to replicate our business
model. In many countries, we compete with local companies who
understand the local market better than we do, and we may not
benefit from first-to-market advantages. We may not be
successful in expanding into particular international markets or
in generating revenues from foreign operations. For example, in
2002 we withdrew from the Japanese market. Even if we are
successful, we expect the costs of operating new sites to exceed
our net revenues for at least 12 months in most countries.
As we continue to expand internationally, including through the
expansion of PayPal, we are subject to risks of doing business
internationally, including the following:
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regulatory requirements, including regulation of auctioneering,
professional selling, distance selling, banking, and money
transmitting, that may limit or prevent the offering of
eBays and PayPals services in some jurisdictions,
prevent enforceable agreements between sellers and buyers,
prohibit the listing of certain categories of goods, require
special licensure, or limit the transfer of information between
eBay and our affiliates; |
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legal uncertainty regarding our liability for the listings and
other content provided by our users, including uncertainty as a
result of less Internet-friendly legal systems, unique local
laws, and lack of clear precedent or applicable law; |
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difficulties in integrating with local payment providers,
including banks, credit and debit card associations, and
electronic fund transfer systems; |
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differing levels of retail distribution, shipping, and
communications infrastructures; |
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different employee/employer relationships and the existence of
workers councils and labor unions; |
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difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations; |
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longer payment cycles, different accounting practices, and
greater problems in collecting accounts receivable; |
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potentially adverse tax consequences, including local taxation
of our fees or of transactions on our websites; |
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higher telecommunications and Internet service provider costs; |
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strong local competitors; |
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different and more stringent consumer protection, data
protection and other laws; |
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cultural ambivalence towards, or non-acceptance of, online
trading; |
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seasonal reductions in business activity; |
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expenses associated with localizing our products, including
offering customers the ability to transact business in the local
currency; |
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laws and business practices that favor local competitors or
prohibit foreign ownership of certain businesses; |
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profit repatriation restrictions, foreign currency exchange
restrictions, and exchange rate fluctuations; |
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volatility in a specific countrys or regions
political or economic conditions; and |
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differing intellectual property laws. |
Some of these factors may cause our international costs of doing
business to exceed our comparable domestic costs. As we expand
our international operations and have additional portions of our
international revenues denominated in foreign currencies, we
also could become subject to increased difficulties in
collecting accounts receivable and risks relating to foreign
currency exchange rate fluctuations. The impact of currency
exchange rate fluctuations is discussed in more detail under
We are exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange
rates, below.
We are in the process of expanding PayPals services
internationally. Both eBay and PayPal have limited experience
with the payments business outside of the U.S. In some
countries, expansion of PayPals business may require a
close commercial relationship with one or more local banks. We
do not know if these or other factors may prevent, delay, or
limit PayPals expansion or reduce its profitability. Any
limitation on our ability to expand PayPal internationally could
harm our business.
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Our operations in China are subject to risks and
uncertainties relating to the laws and regulations of the
Peoples Republic of China. |
In July 2003, we completed the acquisition of the remaining
outstanding capital stock and options of EachNet. EachNet is a
Delaware corporation and a foreign person under the laws of the
Peoples Republic of China, or PRC, and is subject to many
of the risks of doing business internationally described above
in There are many risks associated with our international
operations. The PRC currently regulates its Internet
sector through regulations restricting the scope of foreign
investment and through the enforcement of content restrictions
on the Internet. While many aspects of these regulations remain
unclear, they purport to limit and require licensing of various
aspects of the provision of Internet information services. These
regulations have created substantial uncertainties regarding the
legality of foreign investments in PRC Internet companies,
including EachNet, and the business operations of such
companies. In order to meet local ownership and regulatory
licensing requirements, the new eBay EachNet website is operated
through a foreign-owned enterprise indirectly owned by
eBays European operating entity, which acts in cooperation
with a local PRC company owned by certain local employees. We
believe EachNets current ownership structure complies with
all existing PRC laws, rules, and regulations. There are,
however, substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation
of current PRC laws and regulations, and it is possible that the
PRC government will ultimately take a view contrary to ours.
There are also uncertainties regarding EachNets ability to
enforce contractual relationships it has entered into with
respect to management and control of the companys
business. If EachNet were found to be in violation of any
existing or future PRC laws or regulations, it could be subject
to fines and other financial penalties, have its business and
Internet content provider licenses revoked, or be
39
forced to discontinue its business entirely. In addition, any
funding of a violation by EachNet of PRC laws or regulations
could make it more difficult for us to launch new or expanded
services in the PRC.
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We are exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange
rates. |
Net revenues outside the United States accounted for
approximately 42% and 46% of our net revenues in 2004 and the
first quarter of 2005, respectively. Because we conduct a
significant and growing portion of our business outside the
United States but report our results in U.S. dollars, we
face exposure to adverse movements in currency exchange rates.
In connection with its multi-currency service, PayPal fixes
exchange rates twice per day, and may face financial exposure if
it incorrectly fixes the exchange rate. PayPal also holds some
corporate and customer funds in non-U.S. currencies, and
thus its financial results are affected by the translation of
these non-U.S. currencies into U.S. dollars. In
addition, the results of operations of our internationally
focused websites are exposed to foreign exchange rate
fluctuations as the financial results of the applicable
subsidiaries are translated from the local currency into
U.S. dollars upon consolidation. If the U.S. dollar
weakens against foreign currencies, as it did in 2004, the
translation of these foreign-currency-denominated transactions
will result in increased net revenues, operating expenses, and
net income. The change in weighted average foreign currency
exchange rates in 2004 relative to the comparable rates used in
preparation of our consolidated 2003 financial statements
resulted in an increase in net revenues of approximately
$129.9 million and an increase in aggregate cost of
revenues and operating expenses of approximately
$58.4 million. The change in weighted average foreign
currency exchange rates in the first quarter of 2005 relative to
the first quarter of 2004 resulted in an increase in net
revenues of approximately $24.9 million and an increase in
operating expenses of approximately $12.1 million.
Similarly, our net revenues, operating expenses, and net income
will decrease if the U.S. dollar strengthens against
foreign currencies. As exchange rates vary, net sales and other
operating results, when translated, may differ materially from
expectations. In particular, to the extent the U.S. dollar
strengthens against the Euro and British Pound, our European
revenues and profits will be reduced as a result of these
translation adjustments. In addition, to the extent the
U.S. dollar strengthens against the Euro and the British
Pound, cross-border trade related to purchases of
dollar-denominated goods by non-U.S. purchasers may
decrease, and that decrease may not be offset by a corresponding
increase in cross-border trade involving purchases by
U.S. buyers of goods denominated in other currencies. While
we from time to time enter into transactions to hedge portions
of our foreign currency translation exposure, these hedges are
relatively costly and, even with them in effect, it is
impossible to perfectly predict or completely eliminate the
effects of this exposure.
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System failures could harm our business. |
We have experienced system failures from time to time, and any
interruption in the availability of our websites will reduce our
current revenues and profits, could harm our future revenues and
profits, and could subject us to regulatory scrutiny.
eBays primary website has been interrupted for periods of
up to 22 hours, and our PayPal site suffered intermittent
unavailability over a five-day period in October 2004. Any
unscheduled interruption in our services results in an
immediate, and possibly substantial, loss of revenues. Frequent
or persistent interruptions in our services could cause current
or potential users to believe that our systems are unreliable,
leading them to switch to our competitors or to avoid our sites,
and could permanently harm our reputation and brands. These
interruptions increase the burden on our engineering staff,
which, in turn, could delay our introduction of new features and
services on our sites. Because PayPal is a regulated financial
entity, frequent or persistent site interruptions could lead to
regulatory inquiries. These inquiries could result in fines,
penalties, or mandatory changes to PayPals business
practices, and ultimately could cause PayPal to lose existing
licenses it needs to operate or prevent it from obtaining
additional licenses that it needs to expand. Finally, because
our customers may use our products for critical transactions,
any system failures could result in damage to our
customers businesses. These customers could seek
significant compensation from us for their losses. Even if
unsuccessful, this type of claim likely would be time consuming
and costly for us to address.
Although our systems have been designed around industry-standard
architectures to reduce downtime in the event of outages or
catastrophic occurrences, they remain vulnerable to damage or
interruption from
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earthquakes, floods, fires, power loss, telecommunication
failures, terrorist attacks, computer viruses, computer
denial-of-service attacks, and similar events. Some of our
systems, including PayPals customer support operations,
are not fully redundant, and our disaster recovery planning is
not sufficient for all eventualities. Our systems are also
subject to break-ins, sabotage, and intentional acts of
vandalism. Despite any precautions we may take, the occurrence
of a natural disaster, a decision by any of our third-party
hosting providers to close a facility we use without adequate
notice for financial or other reasons, or other unanticipated
problems at our hosting facilities could result in lengthy
interruptions in our services. In addition, the failure by our
hosting facilities to provide our required data communications
capacity could result in interruptions in our service. We do not
carry business interruption insurance sufficient to compensate
us for losses that may result from interruptions in our service
as a result of system failures.
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Our growth will depend on our ability to develop our
brands, and these efforts may be costly. |
Our historical growth has been largely attributable to word of
mouth, and to frequent and high visibility national and local
media coverage. We believe that continuing to strengthen our
brands will be critical to achieving widespread acceptance of
our services, and will require an increased focus on active
marketing efforts. The demand for and cost of online and
traditional advertising have been increasing, and may continue
to increase. Accordingly, we will need to spend increasing
amounts of money on, and devote greater resources to,
advertising, marketing, and other efforts to create and maintain
brand loyalty among users. Brand promotion activities may not
yield increased revenues, and even if they do, any increased
revenues may not offset the expenses incurred in building our
brands. If we do attract new users to our services, they may not
conduct transactions over our services on a regular basis. If we
fail to promote and maintain our brands, or if we incur
substantial expenses in an unsuccessful attempt to promote and
maintain our brands, our business would be harmed.
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Our business and users may be subject to sales tax and
other taxes. |
The application of indirect taxes (such as sales and use tax,
value added tax, or VAT, goods and services tax, business tax,
and gross receipt tax) to e-commerce businesses such as eBay and
our users is a complex and evolving issue. Many of the
fundamental statutes and regulations that impose these taxes
were established before the growth of the Internet and
e-commerce. In many cases, it is not clear how existing statutes
apply to the Internet or e-commerce. In addition, some
jurisdictions have implemented or may implement laws
specifically addressing the Internet or some aspect of
e-commerce. The application of existing, new, or future laws
could have adverse effects on our business.
Several proposals have been made at the U.S. state and
local level that would impose additional taxes on the sale of
goods and services through the Internet. These proposals, if
adopted, could substantially impair the growth of e-commerce,
and could diminish our opportunity to derive financial benefit
from our activities. In December 2004, the U.S. federal
government enacted legislation extending the moratorium on
states and other local authorities imposing access or
discriminatory taxes on the Internet through November 2007. This
moratorium does not prohibit federal, state, or local
authorities from collecting taxes on our income or from
collecting taxes that are due under existing tax rules.
In conjunction with the Streamlined Sales Tax Project, the
U.S. Congress continues to consider overriding the Supreme
Courts Quill decision, which limits the ability of
state governments to require sellers outside of their own state
to collect and remit sales taxes on goods purchased by in-state
residents. An overturning of the Quill decision would
harm our users and our business.
We do not collect taxes on the goods or services sold by users
of our services. One or more states or foreign countries may
seek to impose a tax collection or reporting, or record-keeping
obligation on companies such as eBay that engage in or
facilitate e-commerce. Such an obligation could be imposed if
eBay were ever deemed to be the legal agent of eBay sellers by a
jurisdiction in which eBay operates. A successful assertion by
one or more states or foreign countries that we should collect
taxes on the exchange of merchandise or services on our websites
would harm our business.
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In July 2003, in compliance with the changes brought about by
the European Union (EU) VAT directive on
electronically supplied services, eBay began
collecting VAT on the fees charged to EU sellers on eBay sites
catering to EU residents. eBay also pays input VAT to suppliers
within the various countries the company operates. In most
cases, eBay is entitled to reclaim input VAT from the various
countries with regard to our own payments to suppliers or
vendors. However, because of our unique business model, the
application of the laws and rules that allow such reclamation is
sometimes uncertain. A successful assertion by one or more
countries that eBay is not entitled to reclaim VAT would harm
our business.
We continue to work with the relevant tax authorities and
legislators to clarify eBays obligations under new and
emerging laws and regulations. Passage of new legislation and
the imposition of additional tax requirements could harm eBay
sellers and our business. There have been, and will continue to
be, substantial ongoing costs associated with complying with the
various indirect tax requirements in the numerous markets in
which eBay conducts or will conduct business.
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Fraudulent activities on our websites and disputes between
users of our services may harm our business. |
PayPal faces significant risks of loss due to fraud and disputes
between senders and recipients, including:
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merchant fraud and other disputes over the quality of goods and
services; |
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unauthorized use of credit card and bank account information and
identity theft; |
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the need to provide effective customer support to process
disputes between senders and recipients; |
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potential breaches of system security; |
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potential employee fraud; and |
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use of PayPals system by customers to make or accept
payment for illegal or improper purposes. |
For the year ended December 31, 2004 and the three months
ended March 31, 2005, PayPals transaction loss
expense totaled $50.5 million and $18.6 million,
representing 0.27% and 0.30% of PayPals total payment
volume, respectively. Failure to deal effectively with
fraudulent transactions and customer disputes would increase
PayPals loss rate and harm its business.
PayPals highly automated and liquid payment service makes
PayPal an attractive target for fraud. In configuring its
service, PayPal faces an inherent trade-off between customer
convenience and security. Identity thieves and those committing
fraud using stolen credit card or bank account numbers can
potentially steal large amounts of money from businesses such as
PayPal. We believe that several of PayPals current and
former competitors in the electronic payments business have gone
out of business or significantly restricted their businesses
largely due to losses from this type of fraud. We expect that
technically knowledgeable criminals will continue to attempt to
circumvent PayPals anti-fraud systems. In addition,
PayPals service could be subject to employee fraud or
other internal security breaches, and PayPal would be required
to reimburse customers for any funds stolen as a result of such
breaches.
PayPal incurs substantial losses from merchant fraud, including
claims from customers that merchants have not performed or that
their goods or services do not match the merchants
description. PayPal also incurs losses from claims that the
customer did not authorize the purchase, from erroneous
transmissions and from customers who have closed bank accounts
or have insufficient funds in them to satisfy payments. In
addition to the direct costs of such losses, if they are related
to credit card transactions and become excessive they could
result in PayPal losing the right to accept credit cards for
payment. If PayPal were unable to accept credit cards, the
velocity of trade on eBay could decrease, in which case our
business would further suffer. PayPal has been assessed
substantial fines for excess chargebacks in the past, and
excessive chargebacks may arise in the future. PayPal has taken
measures to detect and reduce the risk of fraud, but these
measures may not be effective. If these measures do not succeed,
our business will suffer.
In October 2003, PayPal launched a buyer protection program that
refunds to buyers up to $500 in certain eBay transactions if
they do not receive the goods they purchased or if the goods
differ significantly from what was described by the seller. In
November 2004, PayPal increased the amount of protection
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available under its buyer protection program to $1,000. If
PayPal makes such a refund, it seeks to collect reimbursement
from the seller, but may not be able to receive any funds from
the seller. The PayPal buyer protection program has increased
PayPals loss rate and could cause future fluctuations.
eBay faces similar risks to those of PayPal with respect to
fraudulent activities. eBay periodically receives complaints
from users who may not have received the goods that they had
purchased. In some cases individuals have been arrested and
convicted for fraudulent activities using our websites. eBay
also receives complaints from sellers who have not received
payment for the goods that a buyer had contracted to purchase.
Non-payment may occur because of miscommunication, because a
buyer has changed his or her mind and decided not to honor the
contract to purchase the item, or because the buyer bid on the
item maliciously, in order to harm either the seller or eBay. In
some European jurisdictions, buyers may also have the right to
withdraw from a sale made by a professional seller within a
specified time period.
While eBay can suspend the accounts of users who fail to fulfill
their payment or delivery obligations to other users, eBay does
not have the ability to require users to make payment or deliver
goods, or otherwise make users whole other than through our
limited buyer protection programs. Other than through these
programs, eBay does not compensate users who believe they have
been defrauded by other users. eBay also periodically receives
complaints from buyers as to the quality of the goods purchased.
We expect to continue to receive communications from users
requesting reimbursement or threatening or commencing legal
action against us if no reimbursement is made. Our liability for
these sort of claims is only beginning to be clarified and may
be higher in some non-U.S. jurisdictions than it is in the
U.S. Litigation involving liability for third-party actions
could be costly for us, divert management attention, result in
increased costs of doing business, lead to adverse judgments, or
otherwise harm our business. In addition, affected users will
likely complain to regulatory agencies that could take action
against us, including imposing fines or seeking injunctions.
Negative publicity and user sentiment generated as a result of
fraudulent or deceptive conduct by users of our eBay and PayPal
services could damage our reputation, reduce our ability to
attract new users or retain our current users, and diminish the
value of our brand names.
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Changes to credit card association fees, rules, or
practices could negatively affect PayPals business. |
Because PayPal is not a bank, it cannot belong to or directly
access credit card associations, such as Visa and MasterCard. As
a result, PayPal must rely on banks or payment processors to
process transactions, and must pay a fee for this service. From
time to time, credit card associations may increase the
interchange fees that they charge for each transaction using one
of their cards. MasterCard and Visa have each announced
increases in their interchange fees for credit cards effective
in 2005. PayPals credit card processors have the right to
pass any increases in interchange fees on to PayPal as well as
increase their own fees for processing. Such increased fees
increase PayPals operating costs and reduce its profit
margins. PayPal is also required by its processors to comply
with credit card association operating rules, and PayPal has
agreed to reimburse its processors for any fines they are
assessed by credit card associations as a result of processing
payments for PayPal. The credit card associations and their
member banks set and interpret the credit card rules. Some of
those member banks compete with PayPal. Visa, MasterCard,
American Express, or Discover could adopt new operating rules or
re-interpret existing rules that PayPal or its processors might
find difficult or even impossible to follow. As a result, PayPal
could lose its ability to give customers the option of using
credit cards to fund their payments. If PayPal were unable to
accept credit cards, its business would be seriously damaged. In
addition, the velocity of trade on eBay could decrease and our
business would further suffer.
In 2002, both Visa and MasterCard adopted new operating rules
for Internet payment services like PayPal. In order to comply
with the associations new rules, PayPal and its credit
card processors have implemented changes to existing business
processes for merchant customers. Any problems with this
implementation could result in fines, the amount of which would
be within Visas and MasterCards discretion. PayPal
also could be subject to fines from MasterCard and Visa if it
fails to register and conduct additional monitoring with respect
to the activities of merchants that are considered high
risk, primarily certain merchants that sell digital
content. PayPal has incurred fines from its credit card
processor in 2003 and 2004 relating to PayPals failure to
detect the use of its service by certain high risk
merchants using the PayPal
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service. The amount of these fines has not been material, but
any additional fines in the future would likely be for larger
amounts, could become material, and could result in a
termination of PayPals ability to accept credit cards,
which would seriously damage PayPals business.
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Changes in PayPals funding mix could adversely
affect PayPals results. |
PayPal pays significant transaction fees when senders fund
payment transactions using credit cards, nominal fees when
customers fund payment transactions by electronic transfer of
funds from bank accounts, and no fees when customers fund
payment transactions from an existing PayPal account balance.
Senders funded 53% of PayPals payment volume using credit
cards during both 2004 and the first quarter of 2005, and
PayPals financial success will remain highly sensitive to
changes in the rate at which its senders fund payments using
credit cards. Senders may prefer funding using credit cards
rather than bank account transfers for a number of reasons,
including the ability to dispute and reverse charges if
merchandise is not delivered or is not as described, the ability
to earn frequent flier miles or other incentives offered by
credit cards, the ability to defer payment, or a reluctance to
provide bank account information to PayPal. PayPal has received
inquiries regarding its disclosure practices with regard to
funding mechanisms from the attorneys general of a number of
states, and in March 2005, a complaint seeking class action
status was filed alleging, among other things, that
PayPals disclosure regarding the effects of users
choice of funding mechanism is deceptive. While we believe
PayPals disclosure is legal and accurate, any required
change to our disclosure practices could result in increased use
of credit card funding, damaging PayPals results.
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If PayPal were found to be subject to or in violation of
any U.S. laws or regulations governing banking, money
transmission, or electronic funds transfers, it could be subject
to liability and forced to change its business practices. |
A number of U.S. states have enacted legislation regulating
money transmitters. To date, PayPal has obtained licenses in 32
of these jurisdictions and interpretations in nine states that
licensing is not required under their existing statutes. As a
licensed money transmitter, PayPal is subject to bonding
requirements, restrictions on its investment of customer funds,
reporting requirements, and inspection by state regulatory
agencies. If PayPals pending applications were denied, or
if it were found to be subject to and in violation of any money
services laws or regulations, PayPal also could be subject to
liability, forced to cease doing business with residents of
certain states, or forced to change its business practices. Any
change to PayPals business practices that makes the
service less attractive to customers or prohibits its use by
residents of a particular jurisdiction could decrease the
velocity of trade on eBay, which would further harm our
business. Even if PayPal is not forced to change its business
practices, it could be required to obtain licenses or regulatory
approvals that could impose a substantial cost on PayPal.
We believe that the licensing or approval requirements of the
U.S. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal
Reserve Board, and other federal or state agencies that regulate
banks, bank holding companies, or other types of providers of
e-commerce services do not apply to PayPal, except for certain
money transmitter licenses mentioned above. However, PayPal has
in the past received written communications from state
regulatory authorities expressing the view that its service
might constitute an unauthorized banking business. PayPal has
taken steps to address these states concerns. However, we
cannot guarantee that the steps PayPal has taken to address
these regulatory concerns will be effective in all states, and
one or more states may conclude that PayPal is engaged in an
unauthorized banking business. If PayPal is found to be engaged
in an unauthorized banking business in one or more states, it
might be subject to monetary penalties and adverse publicity and
might be required to cease doing business with residents of
those states. Even if the steps it has taken to resolve these
states concerns are deemed sufficient by the state
regulatory authorities, PayPal could be subject to fines and
penalties for its prior activities. The need to comply with
state laws prohibiting unauthorized banking activities could
also limit PayPals ability to enhance its services in the
future. Any change to PayPals business practices that
makes the service less attractive to customers or prohibits its
use by residents of a particular jurisdiction could decrease the
velocity of trade on eBay, which would further harm our business.
44
Although there have been no definitive interpretations to date,
PayPal has assumed that its service is subject to the Electronic
Fund Transfer Act and Regulation E of the Federal
Reserve Board. As a result, among other things, PayPal must
provide advance disclosure of changes to its service, follow
specified error resolution procedures and absorb losses above
$50 from transactions not authorized by the consumer. In
addition, PayPal is subject to the financial privacy provisions
of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, state financial privacy laws, and
related regulations. As a result, some customer financial
information that PayPal receives is subject to limitations on
reuse and disclosure. Existing and potential future privacy laws
may limit PayPals ability to develop new products and
services that make use of data gathered through its service. The
provisions of these laws and related regulations are
complicated, and PayPal does not have extensive experience in
complying with them. Even technical violations of these laws can
result in penalties of up to $1,000 for each non-compliant
transaction. PayPal processed an average of approximately
1.2 million transactions per day during the first quarter
of 2005, and any violations could expose PayPal to significant
liability.
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PayPals status under banking or financial services
laws or other laws in countries outside the U.S. is
unclear. |
PayPal currently allows its customers with credit cards to send
payments from 44 countries outside the U.S., and to receive
payments in 43 of those countries. In 23 of these countries,
customers can withdraw funds to local bank accounts, and in
eight of these countries customers can withdraw funds by
receiving a bank draft in the mail. PayPal offers customers the
ability to send or receive payments denominated in
U.S. Dollars, British Pounds, Euros, Canadian Dollars, Yen,
and Australian Dollars. In March 2005, PayPal received an
Australian Financial Services License from the Australian
Securities and Investments Commission. In February 2004, PayPal
(Europe) Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary of PayPal, received a
license to operate as an Electronic Money Institution in the
United Kingdom as a vehicle for providing localized versions of
PayPals service to customers in the EU. Fifteen of the 44
countries outside of the U.S. whose residents can use the
PayPal service are members of the European Union. As PayPal
(Europe) develops localized services for the domestic market in
these countries, it is implementing such localized services
through an expedited passport notification process
through the UK regulator to regulators in other EU member
states, pursuant to EU Directives. PayPal (Europe) has completed
the passport notice process in all EU member
countries. The regulators in these countries could notify PayPal
(Europe) of local consumer protection laws that will apply to
its business, in addition to UK consumer protection law. Any
such responses from these regulators could increase the cost of,
or delay, PayPals plans for expanding its business. PayPal
(Europe) is subject to significant fines or other enforcement
action if it violates the disclosure, reporting, anti-money
laundering, capitalization, funds management or other
requirements imposed on electronic money institutions.
In many countries outside of the U.S. and the European Union, it
is not clear whether PayPals U.S.-based service is subject
to local law or, if it is subject to local law, whether such
local law requires a payment processor like PayPal to be
licensed as a bank or financial institution or otherwise. Even
if PayPal is not currently required to obtain a license in those
countries, future localization or targeted marketing of
PayPals service in those countries could require licensure
and other laws of those countries (such as data protection laws)
may apply. If PayPal were found to be subject to and in
violation of any foreign laws or regulations, it could be
subject to liability, forced to change its business practices or
forced to suspend providing services to customers in one or more
countries. Alternatively, PayPal could be required to obtain
licenses or regulatory approvals that could impose a substantial
cost on it and involve considerable delay to the provision or
development of its product. Delay or failure to receive such a
license would require PayPal to change its business practices or
features in ways that would adversely affect PayPals
international expansion plans and could require PayPal to
suspend providing services to customers in one or more countries.
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We are subject to regulations relating to consumer
privacy. |
Several domestic jurisdictions have proposed, and California,
Minnesota, Utah, and Vermont have passed, legislation that
limits the uses of personal information gathered online or
offline. In addition to these four states, many other
jurisdictions already have such laws and continuously consider
strengthening them, especially against online services. eBay and
PayPal in certain instances are subject to some of these current
45
laws. PayPal may also be subject to recently enacted legislation
in several states and countries imposing greater restrictions on
the ability of financial services companies to share user
information with third parties without affirmative user consent.
However, the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003,
or FACT, included a provision preempting conflicting state laws
on the sharing of information between corporate affiliates, and
as a result we believe that PayPal and eBay will not be subject
to the laws of each individual state with respect to matters
within the scope of FACT, but will remain subject to the
provisions of FACT and the Fair Credit Reporting Act. Courts are
currently determining the scope of these preemptive provisions.
Specific statutes intended to protect user privacy have been
passed in many non-U.S. jurisdictions, including virtually
every non-U.S. jurisdiction in which we currently have a
localized website. Compliance with these laws, given the tight
integration of our systems across different countries and the
need to move data to facilitate transactions amongst our users,
including to payment companies and shipping companies, is both
necessary and difficult. Failure to comply could subject us to
lawsuits, fines, criminal penalties, statutory damages, adverse
publicity, and other losses that could harm our business. A
number of data protection and privacy laws are being discussed
by Congress, the states, and foreign governments. Changes to
existing laws or the passage of new laws intended to address
privacy and data protection and retention issues could directly
affect the way we do business or could create uncertainty on the
Internet. This could reduce demand for our services, increase
the cost of doing business as a result of litigation costs or
increased service or delivery costs, or otherwise harm our
business.
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New and existing regulations could harm our
business. |
We are subject to the same foreign and domestic laws as other
companies conducting business on and off the Internet. Today,
there are still relatively few laws specifically directed
towards online services. However, due to the increasing
popularity and use of the Internet and online services, many
laws relating to the Internet are being debated at all levels of
government around the world and it is possible that such laws
and regulations will be adopted. These laws and regulations
could cover issues such as user privacy, freedom of expression,
pricing, fraud, content and quality of products and services,
taxation, advertising, intellectual property rights, and
information security. It is not clear how existing laws
governing issues such as property ownership, copyrights and
other intellectual property issues, taxation, libel and
defamation, obscenity, and personal privacy apply to online
businesses. The vast majority of these laws were adopted prior
to the advent of the Internet and related technologies and, as a
result, do not contemplate or address the unique issues of the
Internet and related technologies. Those laws that do reference
the Internet, such as the U.S. Digital Millennium Copyright
Act and the European Unions Directive on Distance Selling
and Electronic Commerce have begun to be interpreted by the
courts and implemented by the EU Member States, but their
applicability and scope remain somewhat uncertain. As our
activities and the types of goods listed on our website expand,
regulatory agencies or courts may claim or hold that we or our
users are either subject to licensure or prohibited from
conducting our business in their jurisdiction, either with
respect to our services in general, or in order to allow the
sale of certain items, such as real estate, event tickets,
cultural goods, boats, and automobiles.
Numerous states and foreign jurisdictions, including the State
of California, where our headquarters are located, have
regulations regarding auctions and the handling of
property by pawnbrokers. No final legal
determination has been made as to whether the California
regulations apply to our business (or that of our users) and
little precedent exists in this area. Several states and some
foreign jurisdictions have attempted, and may attempt in the
future, to impose such regulations upon us or our users, which
could harm our business. In August 2002, Illinois amended its
auction law to provide for a special regulatory regime for
Internet auction listing services, and we have
registered as an Internet auction listing service in Illinois.
Although we do not expect this registration to have a negative
impact on our business, other regulatory and licensure claims
could result in costly litigation or could require us to change
the way we or our users do business in ways that increase costs
or reduce revenues or force us to prohibit listings of certain
items for some locations. We could also be subject to fines or
other penalties, and any of these outcomes could harm our
business.
In addition, because our services are accessible worldwide, and
we facilitate sales of goods to users worldwide, foreign
jurisdictions may claim that we are required to comply with
their laws. For example, the
46
Australian high court has ruled that a U.S. website in
certain circumstances must comply with Australian laws regarding
libel. As we expand and localize our international activities,
we become obligated to comply with the laws of the countries in
which we operate. Laws regulating Internet companies outside of
the U.S. may be less favorable than those in the U.S.,
giving greater rights to consumers, content owners, and users.
Compliance may be more costly or may require us to change our
business practices or restrict our service offerings relative to
those in the U.S. Our failure to comply with foreign laws
could subject us to penalties ranging from criminal prosecution
to bans on our services.
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Our business is subject to online commerce security risks,
including security breaches and identity theft. |
To succeed, online commerce and communications must provide a
secure transmission of confidential information over public
networks. Our security measures may not prevent security
breaches that could harm our business. Currently, a significant
number of our users authorize us to bill their credit card
accounts directly for all transaction fees charged by us.
PayPals users routinely provide credit card and other
financial information. We rely on encryption and authentication
technology licensed from third parties to provide the security
and authentication technology to effect secure transmission of
confidential information, including customer credit card
numbers. Advances in computer capabilities, new discoveries in
the field of cryptography or other developments may result in a
compromise or breach of the technology used by us to protect
transaction data. In addition, any party who is able to
illicitly obtain a users password could access the
users transaction data. An increasing number of websites
have reported breaches of their security. Any compromise of our
security could harm our reputation and, therefore, our business.
In addition, a party who is able to circumvent our security
measures could misappropriate proprietary information, or cause
interruptions in our operations, damage our computers or those
of our users, or otherwise damage our reputation and business.
Our servers are also vulnerable to computer viruses, physical or
electronic break-ins, and similar disruptions, and we have
experienced denial-of-service type attacks on our
system that have made all or portions of our websites
unavailable for periods of time. We may need to expend
significant resources to protect against security breaches or to
address problems caused by breaches. These issues are likely to
become more difficult as we expand the number of places where we
operate. Security breaches could damage our reputation and
expose us to a risk of loss or litigation and possible
liability. Our insurance policies carry low coverage limits,
which may not be adequate to reimburse us for losses caused by
security breaches.
Our users, as well as those of other prominent Internet
companies, have been and will continue to be targeted by parties
using fraudulent emails to misappropriate passwords, credit card
numbers, or other personal information. These emails appear to
be legitimate emails sent by eBay or PayPal, but direct
recipients to fake websites operated by the sender of the email
or request that the recipient send a password or other
confidential information via email. We actively pursue the
parties responsible for these attempts at misappropriation and
encourage our users to divulge sensitive information only after
they have verified that they are on our legitimate websites, but
we cannot entirely eliminate these types of activities.
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PayPals failure to manage customer funds properly
would harm its business. |
PayPals ability to manage and account accurately for
customer funds requires a high level of internal controls.
PayPal has neither an established operating history nor proven
management experience in maintaining, over a long term, these
internal controls. As PayPals business continues to grow,
it must strengthen its internal controls accordingly.
PayPals success requires significant public confidence in
its ability to handle large and growing transaction volumes and
amounts of customer funds. Any failure to maintain necessary
controls or to manage accurately customer funds could diminish
customer use of PayPals product severely.
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Our failure to manage growth could harm our
business. |
We are currently expanding our headcount, facilities, and
infrastructure in the U.S. and internationally. We anticipate
that further expansion will be required to address potential
growth in our customer base and number of listings and payment
transactions, as well as our expansion into new geographic
areas, types of goods, and alternative methods of sale. This
expansion has placed, and we expect it will continue to place, a
47
significant strain on our management, operational, and financial
resources. The areas that are put under strain by our growth
include the following:
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Our Websites. We must constantly add new hardware, update
software and add new engineering personnel to accommodate the
increased use of our and our subsidiaries websites and the
new products and features we regularly introduce. This upgrade
process is expensive, and the increased complexity of our
websites increases the cost of additional enhancements. Failure
to upgrade our technology, features, transaction processing
systems, security infrastructure, or network infrastructure to
accommodate increased traffic or transaction volume could harm
our business. Adverse consequences could include unanticipated
system disruptions, slower response times, degradation in levels
of customer support, impaired quality of users experiences
of our services, impaired quality of services for third-party
application developers using our externally accessible
Application Programming Interface, or API, and delays in
reporting accurate financial information. We may be unable to
effectively upgrade and expand our systems in a timely manner or
smoothly integrate any newly developed or purchased technologies
or businesses with our existing systems, and any failure to do
so could result in problems on our sites. For example, in
October 2004, we experienced unscheduled downtime on the PayPal
website related to system upgrades. Despite our efforts to
increase site scalability and reliability, our infrastructure
could prove unable to handle a larger volume of customer
transactions. Any failure to accommodate transaction growth
could impair customer satisfaction, lead to a loss of customers,
impair our ability to add customers, or increase our costs, all
of which would harm our business. Further, steps to increase the
reliability and redundancy of our systems are expensive, reduce
our margins, and may not be successful in reducing the frequency
or duration of unscheduled downtime. |
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Customer Account Billing. Our revenues depend on
prompt and accurate billing processes. We recently completed a
significant project to enhance our billing software. Problems
with the conversion to the new billing system during the second
and third quarters of 2004 caused incorrect account balance
totals to be displayed for some users. In July 2004, a complaint
seeking class action status was filed alleging that eBay
improperly billed its users and improperly debited some user
accounts. The complaint was recently amended to include a larger
variety of billing related problems and a longer time frame.
While these problems have been corrected and we believe that no
users were overcharged, our failure to grow our
transaction-processing capabilities to accommodate the
increasing number of transactions that must be billed would harm
our business and our ability to collect revenue. |
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Customer Support. We are expanding our customer support
operations to accommodate the increased number of users and
transactions on our websites and the increased level of trust
and safety activity we provide worldwide. If we are unable to
provide these operations in a cost-effective manner, users of
our websites may have negative experiences, current and future
revenues could suffer, and our operating margins may decrease. |
We must continue to hire, train, and manage new employees at a
rapid rate. If our new hires perform poorly, if we are
unsuccessful in hiring, training, managing, and integrating
these new employees, or if we are not successful in retaining
our existing employees, our business may be harmed. To manage
the expected growth of our operations and personnel, we will
need to improve our transaction processing, operational and
financial systems, procedures, and controls. This is a special
challenge as we acquire new operations with different systems.
Our current and planned personnel, systems, procedures, and
controls may not be adequate to support our future operations.
The additional headcount and capital investments we are adding
increase our cost base, which will make it more difficult for us
to offset any future revenue shortfalls by expense reductions in
the short term.
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Our business is adversely affected by anything that causes
our users to spend less time on their computers, including
seasonal factors and national events. |
Anything that diverts our users from their customary level of
usage of our websites could adversely affect our business. We
would therefore be adversely affected by geopolitical events
such as war, the threat of war, or terrorist activity, and
natural disasters, such as hurricanes or earthquakes. Similarly,
our results of operations
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historically have been seasonal because many of our users reduce
their activities on our websites with the onset of good weather
during the summer months, and on and around national holidays.
We have historically experienced our strongest quarters of
online growth in our first and fourth fiscal quarters. PayPal
has shown similar seasonality, especially in the fourth fiscal
quarter. These patterns of seasonality may become more
pronounced as our websites gain acceptance by a broader base of
mainstream users and as the size of our European operations,
which experience greater seasonality, grows relative to our
other operations.
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Use of our services for illegal purposes could harm our
business. |
The law relating to the liability of providers of online
services for the activities of their users on their service is
currently unsettled in the United States and internationally. We
are aware that certain goods, such as weapons, adult material,
tobacco products, alcohol, and other goods that may be subject
to regulation, have been listed and traded on our service. We
may be unable to prevent our users from selling unlawful goods
or selling goods in an unlawful manner, and we may be subject to
allegations of civil or criminal liability for unlawful
activities carried out by users through our service. We have
been subject to several lawsuits based upon such allegations. In
December 2004, an executive of Baazee.com, our Indian
subsidiary, was arrested in connection with the listing of a
pornographic video clip on that site. Similarly, our Korean
subsidiary and one of its employees were found criminally liable
for listings on the Korean subsidiarys website. In order
to reduce our exposure to this liability, we have prohibited the
listing of certain items and increased the number of personnel
reviewing questionable items. In the future, we may implement
other protective measures that could require us to spend
substantial resources or discontinue certain service offerings.
Any costs incurred as a result of potential liability relating
to the sale of unlawful goods or the unlawful sale of goods
could harm our business. In addition, we have received
significant and continuing media attention relating to the
listing or sale of unlawful goods using our services. This
negative publicity could damage our reputation and diminish the
value of our brand names. It also could make users reluctant to
continue to use our services.
PayPals payment system is also susceptible to potentially
illegal or improper uses. These may include illegal online
gambling, fraudulent sales of goods or services, illicit sales
of prescription medications or controlled substances, piracy of
software and other intellectual property, money laundering, bank
fraud, child pornography trafficking, prohibited sales of
alcoholic beverages or tobacco products, and online securities
fraud. PayPal recently announced a change in its acceptable use
policy that would enable PayPal to fine users in certain
jurisdictions up to $500 or take legal action to recover its
losses for certain violations of that policy, including online
gambling and illegal sales of prescription medications. Despite
measures PayPal has taken to detect and lessen the risk of this
kind of conduct, illegal activities could still be funded using
PayPal.
PayPal is subject to money laundering laws and regulations that
prohibit, among other things, its involvement in transferring
the proceeds of criminal activities. Although PayPal has adopted
a program to comply with these laws and regulations, any errors
or failure to implement the program properly could lead to
lawsuits, administrative action, and prosecution by the
government. In July 2003, PayPal agreed with the
U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Missouri that it
would pay $10 million as a civil forfeiture to settle
allegations that its provision of services to online gambling
merchants violated provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act and further
agreed to have its compliance program reviewed by an independent
audit firm. PayPal is also subject to regulations that require
it to report suspicious activities involving transactions of
$2,000 or more and may be required to obtain and keep more
detailed records on the senders and recipients in certain
transfers of $3,000 or more. The interpretation of suspicious
activities in this context is uncertain. Future regulations
under the USA PATRIOT Act may require PayPal to revise the
procedures it uses to verify the identity of its customers and
to monitor more closely international transactions. These
regulations could impose significant costs on PayPal and make it
more difficult for new customers to join its network. PayPal
could be required to learn more about its customers before
opening an account, to obtain additional verification of
international customers and to monitor its customers
activities more closely. These requirements, as well as any
additional restrictions imposed by Visa, MasterCard, American
Express, and Discover, could raise PayPals costs
significantly and reduce the attractiveness of its product.
Failure to comply with federal and state money laundering laws
could result in significant criminal and civil lawsuits,
penalties, and forfeiture of significant assets.
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We are subject to intellectual property and other
litigation. |
In April 2001, two of our European subsidiaries, eBay GmbH and
eBay International AG, were sued by Montres Rolex S.A. and
certain of its affiliates in the regional court of Cologne,
Germany. The suit subsequently was transferred to the regional
court in Düsseldorf, Germany. Rolex alleged that our
subsidiaries were infringing Rolexs trademarks as a result
of users selling counterfeit Rolex watches through our German
website. The suit also alleged unfair competition. Rolex sought
an order enjoining the sale of Rolex-branded watches on the
website as well as damages. In December 2002, a trial was held
in the matter and the court ruled in favor of eBay on all causes
of action. Rolex appealed the ruling to the Higher Regional
Court of Düsseldorf, and the appeal was heard in October
2003. In February 2004, the court rejected Rolexs appeal
and ruled in our favor. Rolex has appealed the ruling to the
German Federal Supreme Court. In March 2004, the German Federal
Supreme Court ruled in favor of Rolex in a case involving an
unrelated company, ricardo.de AG, but somewhat comparable legal
theories. The court issued its written decision in that case in
September 2004. Although it is not yet clear what effect the
reasoning of the German Federal Supreme Courts ricardo.de
decision would have when applied to eBay, we believe the
Courts decision will likely not require any significant
change in our business practices.
In September 2001, MercExchange LLC filed a complaint against
us, our Half.com subsidiary and ReturnBuy, Inc. in the
U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia
(No. 2:01-CV-736) alleging infringement of three patents
(relating to online consignment auction technology, multiple
database searching and electronic consignment systems) and
seeking a permanent injunction and damages (including treble
damages for willful infringement). In October 2002, the court
granted in part our summary judgment motion, effectively
invalidating the patent related to online auction technology and
rendering it unenforceable. This ruling left only two patents in
the case. Trial of the matter began in April 2003. In May 2003,
the jury returned a verdict finding that eBay had willfully
infringed one and Half.com had willfully infringed both of the
patents in the suit, awarding $35 million in compensatory
damages. Both parties filed post-trial motions, and in August
2003, the court entered judgment for MercExchange in the amount
of $29.5 million, plus pre-judgment interest and
post-judgment interest in an amount to be determined, while
denying MercExchanges request for an injunction and
attorneys fees. We appealed the verdict and judgment in
favor of MercExchange and MercExchange filed a cross-appeal of
the granting in part of our summary judgment motion and the
denial of its request for an injunction and attorneys fees.
On March 16, 2005, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Federal Circuit issued a ruling in the appeal of the
MercExchange patent litigation suit which, among other things
(1) invalidated all claims asserted against eBay and
Half.com arising out of the multiple database search patent and
reduced the verdict amount by $4.5 million; (2) upheld
the electronic consignment system patent; (3) affirmed the
district courts refusal to award attorneys fees or
enhanced damages against us; (4) reversed the district
courts order granting summary judgment in our favor
regarding the auction patent; and (5) reversed the district
courts refusal to grant an injunction and remanded that
issue to the district court for further proceedings. We have
petitioned the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit for an en banc rehearing of the ruling. In
parallel with the federal court proceedings, at our request, the
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office is actively reexamining
each of the patents in suit, having found that substantial
questions exist regarding the validity of the claims contained
therein. On January 26, 2005, the Patent and Trademark
Office issued an initial ruling rejecting all of the claims
contained in the patent that related to online auctions, and on
March 29, 2005, the Patent and Trademark Office issued an
initial ruling rejecting all of the claims contained in the
patent that related to electronic consignment systems. Even if
successful, our litigation of these matters will continue to be
costly. In addition, as a precautionary measure, we have
modified certain functionality of our websites and business
practices in a manner which we believe would avoid any further
infringement. For this reason, we believe that any injunction
that might be issued by the district court will not have any
impact on our business. We also believe we have appropriate
reserves for this litigation. Nonetheless, if we are not
successful in appealing or modifying the courts ruling,
and if the modifications to the functionality of our websites
and business practices are not sufficient to make them
non-infringing, we would likely be forced to pay significant
additional damages and licensing fees and/or modify our business
practices in an adverse manner.
50
In August 2002, Charles E. Hill & Associates, Inc.
filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern
District of Texas (No. 2:02-CV-186) alleging that we and 17
other companies, primarily large retailers, infringed three
patents owned by Hill generally relating to electronic catalog
systems and methods for transmitting and updating data at a
remote computer. The suit seeks an injunction against continuing
infringement, unspecified damages, including treble damages for
willful infringement, and interest, costs, expenses, and fees.
In January 2003, the case was transferred to the
U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Indiana.
After pending in Indiana for almost a year, the case was
transferred back to the U.S. District Court for the Eastern
District of Texas in December 2003. A scheduling conference was
held in November 2004 and a preliminary trial date has been set
for February 2006. The case is currently in fact discovery and
claim construction discovery. The defendants have filed a motion
for summary judgment of noninfringement. We believe that we have
meritorious defenses and intend to defend ourselves vigorously.
In February 2002, PayPal was sued in California state court (No.
CV-805433) in a purported class action alleging that its
limiting access to customer accounts and failure to promptly
restore access to legitimate accounts violates California state
consumer protection laws and is an unfair business practice and
a breach of PayPals User Agreement. This action was
re-filed with a different named plaintiff in June 2002
(No. CV-808441), and a similar action was also filed in the
U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California
in June 2002 (No. C-02-2777). In March 2002, PayPal was
sued in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District
of California (No. C-02-1227) in a purported class action
alleging that its limiting access to customer accounts and
failure to promptly restore access to legitimate accounts
violates federal and state consumer protection and unfair
business practice laws. The two federal court actions were
consolidated into a single case, and the state court action was
stayed pending developments in the federal case. In June 2004,
the parties announced that they had reached a proposed
settlement. The settlement received approval from the federal
court on November 2, 2004. In the settlement, PayPal does
not acknowledge that any of the allegations in the case are
true. Under the terms of the settlement, certain PayPal account
holders will be eligible to receive payment from a settlement
fund of $9.25 million, less administrative costs and the
amount awarded to plaintiffs counsel by the court. That
sum will be distributed to class members who have submitted
timely claims in accordance with the settlements plan of
allocation, part of which still must be approved by the court.
The parties expect that a plan of allocation will be submitted
to the court in the second quarter of 2005. The amount of the
settlement was fully accrued in our consolidated statement of
income for the year ended December 31, 2003.
In July 2004, a purported class action lawsuit was filed by two
eBay users in Superior Court of the State of California, County
of Santa Clara (No. 104CV022708) alleging that eBay engaged
in improper billing practices as the result of problems with the
rollout of a new billing software system in the second and third
quarters of 2004. The lawsuit sought damages and injunctive
relief. An amended complaint was filed in January 2005, dropping
one plaintiff, changing the capacity of the other plaintiff to
that of representative plaintiff, and adding seven additional
eBay users as plaintiffs. The amended complaint expanded its
claim to include numerous alleged improper billing practices
from September 2003 until the present. In February 2005, eBay
filed a motion to strike and a demurrer seeking to dismiss the
complaint. On April 1, 2005, the court sustained portions
of the demurrer, but granted the plaintiffs leave to amend their
complaint. We believe that we have meritorious defenses and
intend to defend ourselves vigorously.
In February 2005, eBay was sued in Superior Court of the State
of California, County of Santa Clara (No. 105CV035930)
in a purported class action alleging that certain bidding
features of our site constitute shill bidding for
the purpose of artificially inflating bids placed by buyers on
the site. The complaint alleges violations of Californias
Auction Act, Californias Consumer Remedies Act, and unfair
competition. The complaint seeks injunctive relief, damages, and
a constructive trust. We believe that we have meritorious
defenses and intend to defend ourselves vigorously.
In March 2005, eBay, PayPal, and an eBay seller were sued in
Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of Kings
(No. 6125/05) in a purported class action alleging that
certain disclosures regarding PayPals Buyer Protection
Policy, users chargeback rights, and the effects of
users choice of funding mechanism are deceptive and/or
misleading. The complaint alleges misrepresentation on the part
of eBay and PayPal, breach of contract and deceptive trade
practices by PayPal, and that PayPal and eBay have jointly
violated the civil
51
RICO statute (18 U.S.C. Section 1961(4)). The
complaint seeks injunctive relief, compensatory damages, and
punitive damages. On April 5, 2005, eBay and PayPal removed
the case to the U.S. District Court for the Eastern
District of New York. We believe that eBay and PayPal have
meritorious defenses and intend to defend ourselves vigorously.
Other third parties have from time to time claimed, and others
may claim in the future, that we have infringed their
intellectual property rights. We have been notified of several
potential patent disputes, and expect that we will increasingly
be subject to patent infringement claims as our services expand
in scope and complexity. In particular, we expect to face
additional patent infringement claims involving services we
provide, including various aspects of our Payments business. We
have in the past been forced to litigate such claims. We may
also become more vulnerable to third-party claims as laws such
as the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, the Lanham Act and the
Communications Decency Act are interpreted by the courts and as
we expand geographically into jurisdictions where the underlying
laws with respect to the potential liability of online
intermediaries like ourselves are either unclear or less
favorable. These claims, whether meritorious or not, could be
time consuming and costly to resolve, cause service upgrade
delays, require expensive changes in our methods of doing
business, or could require us to enter into costly royalty or
licensing agreements.
From time to time, we are involved in other disputes that arise
in the ordinary course of business. The number and significance
of these disputes is increasing as our business expands and our
company grows larger. Any claims against us, whether meritorious
or not, could be time consuming, result in costly litigation,
require significant amounts of management time, and result in
the diversion of significant operational resources.
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Government inquiries may lead to charges or
penalties. |
In January 1999, we received initial requests to produce certain
records and information to the federal government relating to an
investigation of possible illegal transactions in connection
with our websites. We were informed that the inquiry includes an
examination of our practices with respect to these transactions.
In order to protect the investigation, the court has ordered
that no further public disclosures be made with respect to the
matter. Any civil or criminal charges against us would likely
harm our business due to negative publicity, the cost of
litigation, the diversion of management time, and any fines or
penalties assessed.
A large number of transactions occur on our websites. We believe
that government regulators have received a substantial number of
consumer complaints about both eBay and PayPal, which, while
small as a percentage of our total transactions, are large in
aggregate numbers. As a result, we have from time to time been
contacted by various foreign and domestic governmental
regulatory agencies that have questions about our operations and
the steps we take to protect our users from fraud. PayPal has
received inquiries regarding its restriction and disclosure
practices from the Federal Trade Commission and these and other
business practices from the attorneys general of a number of
states. If PayPals processes are found to violate federal
or state law on consumer protection and unfair business
practices, it could be subject to an enforcement action or
fines. If PayPal becomes subject to an enforcement action, it
could be required to restructure its business processes in ways
that would harm its business, and to pay substantial fines. Even
if PayPal is able to defend itself successfully, an enforcement
action could cause damage to its reputation, could consume
substantial amounts of its managements time and attention,
and could require PayPal to change its customer service and
operations in ways that could increase its costs and decrease
the effectiveness of its anti-fraud program. Both eBay and
PayPal are likely to receive additional inquiries from
regulatory agencies in the future, which may lead to action
against either company. We have responded to all inquiries from
regulatory agencies by describing our current and planned
antifraud efforts, customer support procedures, operating
procedures and disclosures. If one or more of these agencies is
not satisfied with our response to current or future inquiries,
we could be subject to fines or other penalties, or forced to
change our operating practices in ways that could harm our
business.
We are subject to laws relating to the use and transfer of
personally identifiable information about our users, especially
users located outside of the U.S. Violation of these laws,
which in many cases apply not only to third-party transactions
but also to transfers of information between ourselves and our
subsidiaries, and
52
between ourselves, our subsidiaries, and other parties with
which we have commercial relations, could subject us to
significant penalties and negative publicity and could adversely
affect us.
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The listing or sale by our users of pirated or counterfeit
items may harm our business. |
We have received in the past, and we anticipate receiving in the
future, communications alleging that certain items listed or
sold through our service by our users infringe third-party
copyrights, trademarks and trade names, or other intellectual
property rights. Although we have sought to work actively with
the owners of intellectual property rights to eliminate listings
offering infringing items on our websites, some rights owners
have expressed the view that our efforts are insufficient.
Content owners and other intellectual property rights owners
have been active in defending their rights against online
companies, including eBay. Allegations of infringement of
intellectual property rights have resulted in litigation against
us from time to time, including litigation brought by
Tiffany & Co. in the U.S., Rolex S.A. in Germany, and a
number of other owners of intellectual property rights. While we
have been largely successful to date in defending against such
litigation, more recent cases have been based, at least in part,
on different legal theories than those of earlier cases, and
there is no guarantee that we will continue to be successful in
our defense. In addition, we expect that this type of litigation
may increase as our sites gain prominence in markets outside of
the U.S., where the laws may be unsettled or less favorable to
us. Such litigation is costly for us, could result in damage
awards or increased costs of doing business through adverse
judgment or settlement, could require us to change our business
practices in expensive ways, or could otherwise harm our
business. Litigation against other online companies could result
in interpretations of the law that could also require us to
change our business practices or otherwise increase our costs.
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We are subject to risks associated with information
disseminated through our service. |
The law relating to the liability of online services companies
for information carried on or disseminated through their
services is currently unsettled. Claims could be made against
online services companies under both U.S. and foreign law for
defamation, libel, invasion of privacy, negligence, copyright or
trademark infringement, or other theories based on the nature
and content of the materials disseminated through their
services. Several private lawsuits seeking to impose liability
upon us under a number of these theories have been brought
against us. In addition, domestic and foreign legislation has
been proposed that would prohibit or impose liability for the
transmission over the Internet of certain types of information.
Our service features a Feedback Forum, which includes
information from users regarding other users. Although all such
feedback is generated by users and not by us, claims of
defamation or other injury have been made in the past and could
be made in the future against us for content posted in the
Feedback Forum. Several recent court decisions have narrowed the
scope of the immunity provided to Internet service providers
like us under the Communications Decency Act. This trend, if
continued, may increase our potential liability to third parties
for the user-provided content on our site. Our liability for
such claims may be higher in jurisdictions outside the
U.S. where laws governing Internet transactions are
unsettled. If we become liable for information provided by our
users and carried on our service in any jurisdiction in which we
operate, we could be directly harmed and we may be forced to
implement new measures to reduce our exposure to this liability.
This may require us to expend substantial resources or to
discontinue certain service offerings, which would negatively
affect our financial results. In addition, the increased
attention focused upon liability issues as a result of these
lawsuits and legislative proposals could harm our reputation or
otherwise impact the growth of our business. Any costs incurred
as a result of this potential liability could harm our business.
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Customer complaints or negative publicity about our
customer service could diminish use of our services. |
Customer complaints or negative publicity about our customer
service could severely diminish consumer confidence in and use
of our services. Breaches of our customers privacy and our
security measures could have the same effect. Measures we
sometimes take to combat risks of fraud and breaches of privacy
and security can damage relations with our customers. These
measures heighten the need for prompt and accurate customer
service to resolve irregularities and disputes. Effective
customer service requires significant personnel expense, and
this expense, if not managed properly, could significantly
impact our profitability. Failure to
53
manage or train our customer service representatives properly
could compromise our ability to handle customer complaints
effectively. If we do not handle customer complaints
effectively, our reputation may suffer and we may lose our
customers confidence.
Because it is providing a financial service and operating in a
more regulated environment, PayPal, unlike eBay, must provide
telephone as well as email customer service and must resolve
certain customer contacts within shorter time frames. As part of
PayPals program to reduce fraud losses, it may temporarily
restrict the ability of customers to withdraw their funds if
those funds or the customers account activity are
identified by PayPals anti-fraud models as suspicious.
PayPal has in the past received negative publicity with respect
to its customer service and account restrictions, and is the
subject of purported class action lawsuits and state attorney
general inquiries alleging, among other things, failure to
resolve account restrictions promptly. If PayPal is unable to
provide quality customer support operations in a cost-effective
manner, PayPals users may have negative experiences,
PayPal may receive additional negative publicity, its ability to
attract new customers may be damaged, and it could become
subject to additional litigation. Current and future revenues
could suffer, or its operating margins may decrease. In
addition, negative publicity about or experiences with
PayPals customer support could cause eBays
reputation to suffer or affect consumer confidence in eBay as a
whole.
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Acquisitions could result in operating difficulties,
dilution and other harmful consequences. |
We have acquired a number of businesses in the past, and have
recently completed the acquisition of Rent.com, an Internet
classified site focused on the apartment and rental housing
industry. We expect to continue to evaluate and consider a wide
array of potential strategic transactions, including business
combinations, acquisitions and dispositions of businesses,
technologies, services, products and other assets, including
interests in our existing subsidiaries. At any given time we may
be engaged in discussions or negotiations with respect to one or
more of such transactions. Any of such transactions could be
material to our financial condition and results of operations.
There is no assurance that any such discussions or negotiations
will result in the consummation of any transaction. The process
of integrating any acquired business may create unforeseen
operating difficulties and expenditures and is itself risky. The
areas where we may face difficulties include:
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diversion of management time, as well as a shift of focus from
operating the businesses to issues of integration and future
products; |
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declining employee morale and retention issues resulting from
changes in compensation, reporting relationships, future
prospects, or the direction of the business; |
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the need to integrate each companys accounting, management
information, human resource and other administrative systems to
permit effective management, and the lack of control if such
integration is delayed or not implemented; |
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the need to implement controls, procedures and policies
appropriate for a larger public company at companies that prior
to acquisition had lacked such controls, procedures and
policies; and |
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in some cases, the need to transition operations onto the
existing eBay platform. |
Foreign acquisitions involve special risks, including those
related to integration of operations across different cultures
and languages, currency risks, and the particular economic,
political, and regulatory risks associated with specific
countries. Moreover, we may not realize the anticipated benefits
of any or all of our acquisitions. As a result of future
acquisitions or mergers, we might need to issue additional
equity securities, spend our cash, or incur debt, liabilities,
or amortization expenses related to intangible assets, any of
which could reduce our profitability and harm our business.
54
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Our stock price has been and may continue to be extremely
volatile. |
The trading price of our common stock has been and is likely to
be extremely volatile and could fluctuate in response to a
variety of factors, including the following:
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actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly operating
results and expected future results; |
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changes in, or failure to meet, financial estimates by
securities analysts; |
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unscheduled system downtime; |
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additions or departures of key personnel; |
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announcements of technological innovations or new services by us
or our competitors; |
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initiation of or developments in litigation affecting us; |
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conditions or trends in the Internet and online commerce
industries; |
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changes in the market valuations of other Internet, online
commerce, or technology companies; |
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developments in regulation; |
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announcements by us or our competitors of significant
acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, new
products or capital commitments; |
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unanticipated economic or political events; |
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sales of our common stock or other securities in the open
market; and |
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other events or factors, including those described in this
Risk Factors That May Affect Results of Operations and
Financial Condition section and others that may be beyond
our control. |
The trading prices of Internet stocks in general, and ours in
particular, have experienced extreme price and volume
fluctuations in recent periods. These fluctuations often have
been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance
of these companies. Even considering recent changes, the
valuation of our stock remains high based on conventional
valuation standards such as price-to-earnings and price-to-sales
ratios. The trading price of our common stock has decreased
sharply from its level in the fourth quarter of 2004, but
remains higher than our stock price during 2002 and early 2003.
This trading price and valuation may not be sustained. Negative
changes in the publics perception of the prospects of
Internet or e-commerce or technology companies have in the past
and may in the future depress our stock price regardless of our
results. Other broad market and industry factors may decrease
the market price of our common stock, regardless of our
operating performance. Market fluctuations, as well as general
political and economic conditions, such as recession or interest
rate or currency rate fluctuations, also may decrease the market
price of our common stock. Securities class-action litigation is
often instituted following declines in the market price of a
companys securities. Litigation of this type could result
in substantial costs and a diversion of managements
attention and resources.
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Problems with third parties who provide services to our
users could harm our business. |
A number of parties provide services to our users that
indirectly benefit us. Such services include seller tools that
automate and manage listings, merchant tools that manage
listings and interface with inventory management software,
storefronts that help our users list items, caching services
that make our sites load faster, and other services. In some
cases we have contractual agreements with these companies that
give us a direct financial interest in their success, while in
other cases we have none. In either circumstance, financial,
regulatory, or other problems that prevent these companies from
providing services to our users could reduce the number of
listings on our websites or make completing transactions on our
websites more difficult, and thereby harm our business. Any
security breach at one of these companies could also affect our
customers and harm our business. Although we generally have been
able to renew or extend the terms of contractual arrangements
with these third party service providers on acceptable terms,
there can be no assurance that we will continue to be able to do
so in the future.
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Other companies or governmental agencies may view our
behavior as anti-competitive. |
Other companies have in the past and may in the future allege
that our actions violate the antitrust or competition laws of
the U.S. or other countries, or otherwise constitute unfair
competition. Such claims typically are very expensive to defend,
involve negative publicity and diversion of management time and
effort, and could result in significant judgments against us.
We provided information to the Antitrust Division of the
U.S. Department of Justice in connection with an inquiry
into our conduct with respect to auction
aggregators, including our licensing program and a
previously settled lawsuit against Bidders Edge. Although
the Antitrust Division has closed this inquiry, any future
antitrust investigation would likely harm our business due to
negative publicity, the costs of the investigation, possible
private antitrust lawsuits, the diversion of management time and
effort, and penalties we might suffer if we ultimately were not
to prevail.
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We depend on key personnel. |
Our future performance depends substantially on the continued
services of our senior management and other key personnel and
our ability to retain and motivate them. The loss of the
services of any of our executive officers or other key employees
could harm our business. We do not have long-term employment
agreements with any of our key personnel, we do not maintain any
key person life insurance policies, and our Chief
Executive Officer has fully vested the vast majority of her
equity incentives. Our new businesses all depend on attracting
and retaining key personnel. Our future success also will depend
on our ability to attract, train, retain and motivate highly
skilled technical, managerial, marketing, and customer support
personnel. Competition for these personnel is intense, and we
may be unable to successfully attract, integrate, or retain
sufficiently qualified personnel. In making employment
decisions, particularly in the Internet and high-technology
industries, job candidates often consider the value of the stock
options they are to receive in connection with their employment.
Fluctuations in our stock price may make it more difficult to
retain and motivate employees whose stock option strike prices
are substantially above current market prices. Similarly,
decreases in the number of unvested stock options held by
existing employees, either because their options have vested or
because the size of follow-on option grants has declined, may
make it more difficult to retain and motivate employees.
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Our industry is intensely competitive. |
We currently or potentially compete with a number of companies
providing both particular categories of goods and broader ranges
of goods. The Internet provides new, rapidly evolving and
intensely competitive channels for the sale of all types of
goods. We expect competition to intensify in the future. The
barriers to entry into these channels are relatively low, and
current offline and new competitors can easily launch online
sites at a nominal cost using commercially available software or
partnering with any one of a number of successful e-commerce
companies.
Our broad-based competitors include the vast majority of
traditional department, warehouse, discount, and general
merchandise stores, emerging online retailers, online classified
services, and other shopping channels such as offline and online
home shopping networks. These include most prominently:
Wal-Mart, Kmart, Target, Sears, Macys, JC Penney, Costco,
Office Depot, Staples, OfficeMax, Sams Club, Amazon.com,
Buy.com, AOL.com, Yahoo! Shopping, MSN, QVC, and Home Shopping
Network.
A number of companies have launched a variety of services that
provide new channels for buyers to find and buy items from
sellers of all sizes. For example, sites such as Bizrate.com,
Buy.com, DealTime, Googles Froogle, In-Store.com,
MySimon.com, Nextag.com, Pricegrabber.com, Shopping.com, and
Yahoo! Product Search offer shopping search engines that allow
consumers to search the Internet for specified products.
Similarly, sellers are increasingly acquiring new customers by
paying for search-related advertisements on search engine sites
such as Google and Yahoo!. We use product search engines and
paid search advertising to channel users to our sites, but these
services also have the potential to divert users to other online
shopping destinations.
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We also face competition from local, regional, and national
specialty retailers and exchanges in each of our categories of
products. Many competitors have been successful at establishing
marketplaces that cater to a particular retail category, such as
vehicles, tickets, or sporting goods. Examples of
category-specific competitors include:
Books/ Movies/ Music: Abebooks.com, Amazon.com,
Barnes & Noble, Alibris.com, Blockbuster, BMG, Columbia
House, Best Buy, CDNow, Express.com, Emusic.com, and Tower
Records;
Business & Industrial: Alibaba, Ariba,
BidFreight.com, Bid4Assets, Buyer Zone, Commerce One, DotMed,
DoveBid, Go Industry, IronPlanet, labx.com, Liquidation.com,
Machinetools.com, Oracle, Partsforindustry.com, PurchasePro.com,
Testmart, and VerticalNet;
Clothing & Accessories: Abercrombie &
Fitch, AE.com, Bloomingdales, Bluefly.com, Coldwater-Creek.com,
Delias.com, Dockers.com, Eddie Bauer, The Gap, J. Crew,
Lands End, The Limited, LLBean, Macys, The
Mens Wearhouse, Nieman-Marcus, Nordstrom, Old Navy,
Overstock.com, Payless, Ross, Saks Fifth Avenue, Shoes.com,
Urban Outfitters, Victorias Secret, Yoox.com, and
Zappos.com;
Collectibles: Beckett, Bonhams & Butterfields,
Bowers and Morena, Christies, Collectiblestoday.com,
Collectors Universe, Franklin Mint, Go Collect, Heritage, Just
Glass, Mastronet, Pottery Auction, Replacements.com, Ruby Lane,
Shop At Home, Sothebys, Tias, US Mint, US Postal Service,
antique and collectible dealers, antique and collectible fairs,
auction houses, estate sales, flea markets and swap meets,
independent coin and stamp dealers, and specialty retailers;
Computers, Consumer Electronics, and Cameras &
Photo: Abe Electronics, Best Buy, Buy.com, Circuit City,
CNET, CompUSA, Computer Discount Warehouse, Dell, Electronics
Boutique, Frys Electronics, Gamestop, Gateway, The Good
Guys, Hewlett Packard, IBM, MicroWarehouse, Overstock.com, PC
Connection, PCMall.com, Radio Shack, Ritz Camera, Tech Depot,
Tiger Direct, Tweeter Home Entertainment, uBid, major wireless
carriers, and computer, consumer electronics, and photography
retailers;
Home & Garden: Ace Hardware, Bed,
Bath & Beyond, Burpee.com, Crate & Barrel,
Do-It-Best Hardware, Ethan Allen, Frontgate, IKEA, HomeBase,
Home Depot, Kohls, Lowes, Linens n Things, OSH, Pier
One, Pottery Barn, Spiegel, TJ Max, Tuesday Morning, True Value
Hardware, and Williams-Sonoma;
Jewelry & Watches: Bluenile.com, Diamond.com,
Macys, Mondera.com, HSN.com, QVC.com, Tiffany, and Zales;
Motors (used vehicles and parts): Advance Auto Parts,
AutoByTel.com, Autonation.com, AutoPartsPlace, AutoTrader.com,
Autozone, Barons Ltd., Barrett-Jackson, California Classics, Car
Parts Wholesale, Car-Part.com, CarMax, Cars.com, CarsDirect.com,
Collectorcartraderonline.com, CSK Auto, Dealix, Discount Auto
Parts, Dupont Registry, eClassics.com, ExpressAutoparts.com,
General Parts (Carquest), Genuine/ NAPA, Hemmings, iMotors.com,
JC Whitney, Kragen, Kruse International, OpenAuto.com,
PartsAmerica.com, Pep Boys, RM Auctions, Inc., The Tire Rack,
TraderOnline, Trader Publishing, newspaper classifieds, used car
dealers, swap meets, car clubs, and vehicle recyclers;
Sports: Academy Sports, Bass Pro Shops, Big 5,
Cabelas, Dicks Sporting Goods, GolfClubExchange.com,
Golfsmith, GSI Commerce, Performance Bike, Play It Again Sports,
REI, The Sports Authority, SportsLine.com, and TGW.com; and
Toys: FAO Schwarz, KB Toys, Towerhobbies.com, Toys R Us,
and independent specialty toy and hobby retailers.
Our international websites compete with similar online and
offline channels in each of their vertical categories in most
countries. In addition, they compete with general online
e-commerce sites, such as Quelle and Otto in Germany, Yahoo-Kimo
in Taiwan, Daum in South Korea, TaoBao and 1pai, a partnership
between Sina.com and Yahoo! in China, and Amazon in the U.K. and
other countries. In some of these countries, there are online
sites that have much larger customer bases and greater brand
recognition than we do, and in certain of these jurisdictions
there are competitors that may have a better understanding of
local culture and commerce than we do.
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The principal competitive factors for eBay include the following:
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ability to attract buyers and sellers; |
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volume of transactions and price and selection of goods; |
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customer service; and |
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brand recognition. |
With respect to our online competition, additional competitive
factors include:
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community cohesion, interaction and size; |
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system reliability; |
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reliability of delivery and payment; |
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website convenience and accessibility; |
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level of service fees; and |
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quality of search tools. |
Some current and potential competitors have longer company
operating histories, larger customer bases and greater brand
recognition in other business and Internet sectors than we do.
Other online trading services may be acquired by, receive
investments from, or enter into other commercial relationships
with larger, well-established and well-financed companies. As a
result, some of our competitors with other revenue sources may
be able to devote more resources to marketing and promotional
campaigns, adopt more aggressive pricing policies and devote
substantially more resources to website and systems development
than we can. Some of our competitors have offered services for
free and others may do this as well. We may be unable to compete
successfully against current and future competitors. In
addition, certain offline competitors may encourage
manufacturers to limit or cease distribution of their products
to dealers who sell through online channels such as eBay, or may
attempt to use existing or future government regulation to
prohibit or limit online commerce in certain categories of goods
or services. The adoption by manufacturers or government
authorities of policies or regulations discouraging the sales of
goods or services over the Internet could force eBay users to
stop selling certain products on our websites. Increased
competition or anti-Internet distribution policies or
regulations may result in reduced operating margins, loss of
market share and diminished value of our brand.
In order to respond to changes in the competitive environment,
we may, from time to time, make pricing, service or marketing
decisions or acquisitions that could harm our profitability. For
example, we have implemented a buyer protection program that
generally insures items up to a value of $200, with a $25
deductible, for users with a non-negative feedback rating at no
cost to the user. PayPal has implemented a similar buyer
protection program covering losses from selected eBay sellers up
to $1,000, with no deductible. Depending on the amount and size
of claims we receive under these programs, these product
offerings could harm our profitability. In addition, certain
competitors may offer or continue to offer free shipping or
other transaction related services, which could be impractical
or inefficient for eBay users to match. New technologies may
increase the competitive pressures by enabling our competitors
to offer a lower cost service.
Although we have established Internet traffic arrangements with
several large online services and search engine companies, these
arrangements may not be renewed on commercially reasonable terms
or these companies may decide to promote competitive services.
Even if these arrangements are renewed, they may not result in
increased usage of our services. In addition, companies that
control user access to transactions through network access,
Internet browsers, or search engines, could promote our
competitors, channel current or potential users to their
vertically integrated electronic commerce sites or their
advertisers sites, attempt to restrict our access, or
charge us substantial fees for inclusion.
58
The market for PayPals product is emerging, intensely
competitive, and characterized by rapid technological change.
PayPal competes with existing online and off-line payment
methods, including, among others:
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credit card merchant processors that offer their services to
online merchants, including Card Services International, Chase,
First Data, iPayment, Paymentech, and Wells Fargo; and payment
gateways, including CyberSource, VeriSign, and Authorize.net; |
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BidPay.com and Western Union MoneyZap, each operated by
subsidiaries of First Data; |
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payment services offered by Amazon.com; |
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CheckFree; |
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|
processors that provide online merchants the ability to offer
their customers the option of paying for purchases from their
bank account, including Certegy and TeleCheck, a subsidiary of
First Data, or to pay on credit, including Bill Me Later; |
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providers of traditional payment methods, particularly credit
cards, checks, money orders, and Automated Clearing House
transactions; and |
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issuers of stored value targeted at online payments, including
VisaBuxx. |
Some of these competitors have longer operating histories,
significantly greater financial, technical, marketing, customer
service and other resources, greater name recognition, or a
larger base of customers in affiliated businesses than PayPal.
PayPals competitors may respond to new or emerging
technologies and changes in customer requirements faster and
more effectively than PayPal. They may devote greater resources
to the development, promotion, and sale of products and services
than PayPal, and they may offer lower prices. Some of these
competitors have offered, and may continue to offer, their
services for free in order to gain market share, and PayPal may
be forced to lower its prices in response. Competing services
tied to established banks and other financial institutions may
offer greater liquidity and engender greater consumer confidence
in the safety and efficacy of their services than PayPal. If
these competitors acquired significant market share, this could
result in PayPal losing market share.
Overseas, PayPal faces competition from similar channels and
payment methods in most countries and from regional and national
online and offline competitors in each country including
Visas Visa Direct, MasterCards MoneySend, INGs
Way2Pay and Royal Bank of Scotlands World Pay in the
European Community, NOCHEX, Moneybookers, NETeller, and Royal
Bank of Scotlands FastPay in the U.K., CertaPay and
HyperWallet in Canada, Paymate in Australia, Alipay in China and
Inicis in South Korea. In addition, in certain countries, such
as Germany and Australia, electronic funds transfer is a leading
method of payment for both online and offline transactions. As
in the U.S., established banks and other financial institutions
that do not currently offer online payments could quickly and
easily develop such a service.
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Our business depends on the development and maintenance of
the Internet infrastructure. |
The success of our service will depend largely on the
development and maintenance of the Internet infrastructure. This
includes maintenance of a reliable network backbone with the
necessary speed, data capacity, and security, as well as timely
development of complementary products, for providing reliable
Internet access and services. The Internet has experienced, and
is likely to continue to experience, significant growth in the
numbers of users and amount of traffic. The Internet
infrastructure may be unable to support such demands. In
addition, increasing numbers of users, increasing bandwidth
requirements, or problems caused by viruses,
worms, and similar programs may harm the performance
of the Internet. The backbone computers of the Internet have
been the targets of such programs. The Internet has experienced
a variety of outages and other delays as a result of damage to
portions of its infrastructure, and it could face outages and
delays in the future. These outages and delays could reduce the
level of Internet usage as well as the level of traffic and the
processing transactions on our service.
59
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|
We need to develop new services, features, and functions
in order to expand. |
We plan to expand our operations by developing new or
complementary services, products, or transaction formats and
expanding the breadth and depth of our pre-trade and post-trade
services. We may be unable to expand our operations in a
cost-effective or timely manner. We are pursuing strategic
relationships with other companies to provide some of these
services. As a result, we may be unable to control the quality
of these services or adequately address problems that arise.
Expanding our operations in this manner also will require
significant additional expenses, development, operations and
other resources and will strain our management, financial and
operational resources. The lack of acceptance of any new
businesses or services could harm our business, damage our
reputation, and diminish the value of our brand.
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We may be unable to protect or enforce our own
intellectual property rights adequately. |
We regard the protection of our trademarks, copyrights, patents,
domain names, trade dress, and trade secrets as critical to our
success. We aggressively protect our intellectual property
rights by relying on a combination of trademark, copyright,
patent, trade dress and trade secret laws, and through the
domain name dispute resolution system. We also rely on
contractual restrictions to protect our proprietary rights in
products and services. We have entered into confidentiality and
invention assignment agreements with our employees and
contractors, and confidentiality agreements with parties with
whom we conduct business in order to limit access to and
disclosure of our proprietary information. These contractual
arrangements and the other steps we have taken to protect our
intellectual property may not prevent misappropriation of our
technology or deter independent development of similar
technologies by others. We pursue the registration of our domain
names, trademarks, and service marks in the U.S. and
internationally. Effective trademark, copyright, patent, domain
name, trade dress, and trade secret protection is very expensive
to maintain and may require litigation. We must protect our
trademarks, patents, and domain names in an increasing number of
jurisdictions, a process that is expensive and may not be
successful in every location. We have licensed in the past, and
expect to license in the future, certain of our proprietary
rights, such as trademarks or copyrighted material, to others.
These licensees may take actions that diminish the value of our
proprietary rights or harm our reputation.
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We are subject to the risks of owning real
property. |
We own real property including land and buildings related to our
operations. We have little experience in managing real property.
Ownership of this property subjects us to risks, including:
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the possibility of environmental contamination and the costs
associated with fixing any environmental problems; |
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adverse changes in the value of these properties, due to
interest rate changes, changes in the neighborhoods in which the
properties are located, or other factors; |
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the possible need for structural improvements in order to comply
with zoning, seismic, disability act, or other
requirements; and |
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possible disputes with tenants, neighboring owners, or others. |
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Some anti-takeover provisions may affect the price of our
common stock. |
Our Board of Directors has the authority to issue up to
10,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to determine the
preferences, rights and privileges of those shares without any
further vote or action by the stockholders. The rights of the
holders of common stock may be harmed by rights granted to the
holders of any preferred stock that may be issued in the future.
Some provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws
could have the effect of making it more difficult for a
potential acquirer to acquire a majority of our outstanding
voting stock. These include provisions that provide for a
classified board of directors, prohibit stockholders from taking
action by written consent and restrict the ability of
stockholders to call special meetings. We are also subject to
provisions of Delaware law that prohibit us from engaging in any
business combination with any interested stockholder for a
period of three years from the date the person became an
60
interested stockholder, unless certain conditions are met. This
restriction could have the effect of delaying or preventing a
change of control.
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Item 3: |
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk |
Interest Rate Risk
The primary objective of our investment activities is to
preserve principal while at the same time maximizing yields
without significantly increasing risk. To achieve this
objective, we maintain our portfolio of cash equivalents and
short-term and long-term investments in a variety of securities,
including government and corporate securities and money market
funds. These securities are generally classified as available
for sale and consequently are recorded on the balance sheet at
fair value with unrealized gains or losses reported as a
separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income
(loss), net of estimated tax.
Investments in both fixed-rate and floating-rate
interest-earning instruments carry varying degrees of interest
rate risk. The fair market value of our fixed-rate securities
may be adversely impacted due to a rise in interest rates. In
general, securities with longer maturities are subject to
greater interest-rate risk than those with shorter maturities.
While floating rate securities generally are subject to less
interest-rate risk than fixed-rate securities, floating-rate
securities may produce less income than expected if interest
rates decrease. Due in part to these factors, our investment
income may fall short of expectations or we may suffer losses in
principal if securities are sold that have declined in market
value due to changes in interest rates. As of March 31,
2005, our fixed-income investments earned a pretax yield of
approximately 2.5%, with a weighted average maturity of five
months. If interest rates were to instantaneously increase
(decrease) by 100 basis points, the fair market value of
our total investment portfolio could decrease (increase) by
approximately $14.7 million.
Equity Price Risk
We are exposed to equity price risk on the marketable portion of
equity instruments and equity method investments we hold,
typically as the result of strategic investments in third
parties that are subject to considerable market risk due to
their volatility. We typically do not attempt to reduce or
eliminate our market exposure in these equity investments. We
did not record an impairment charge during either of the three
months ended March 31, 2005 or 2004 relating to the
other-than-temporary impairment in the fair value of equity
investments. At March 31, 2005, the total fair value of our
equity instruments and equity method investments was
$48.3 million.
Foreign Currency Risk
International net revenues result from transactions by our
foreign operations and are typically denominated in the local
currency of each country. These operations also incur most of
their expenses in the local currency. Accordingly, our foreign
operations use the local currency, which is primarily the Euro,
and to a lesser extent, the British pound, as their functional
currency. Our international operations are subject to risks
typical of international operations, including, but not limited
to, differing economic conditions, changes in political climate,
differing tax structures, other regulations and restrictions,
and foreign exchange rate volatility. Accordingly, our future
results could be materially adversely impacted by changes in
these or other factors. In addition, at March 31, 2005, we
held balances in cash, cash equivalents and investments outside
the U.S. totaling approximately $505.3 million.
As of March 31, 2005, we had outstanding forward foreign
exchange hedge contracts with notional values equivalent to
approximately $489.1 million with maturity dates within
30 days. The hedge contracts are used to offset changes in
the functional currency value of assets and liabilities
denominated in foreign currencies as a result of currency
fluctuations. Transaction gains and losses on the contracts and
the assets and liabilities are recognized each period in our
consolidated statement of income.
61
Foreign exchange rate fluctuations may adversely impact our
consolidated financial position as well as our consolidated
results of operations. Foreign exchange rate fluctuations may
adversely impact our financial position as the assets and
liabilities of our foreign operations are translated into
U.S. dollars in preparing our consolidated balance sheet.
The effect of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on our
consolidated financial position for the three months ended
March 31, 2005, was a net translation loss of approximately
$13.7 million. This loss is recognized as an adjustment to
stockholders equity through accumulated other
comprehensive income. Additionally, foreign exchange rate
fluctuations may adversely impact our consolidated results of
operations as exchange rate fluctuations on transactions
denominated in currencies other than our functional currencies
result in gains and losses that are reflected in our
consolidated statement of income.
We consolidate the earnings of our international subsidiaries by
converting them into U.S. dollars in accordance with
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 52
Foreign Currency Translation (FAS 52). Such
earnings will fluctuate when there is a change in foreign
currency exchange rates. From time to time, we enter into
transactions to hedge portions of our foreign currency
denominated earnings translation exposure using both foreign
currency options and forward contracts. The gain on these hedges
for the first quarter of 2005 totaled approximately $117,000,
which were recorded in interest and other income, net. All
contracts that hedge translation exposure mature ratably over
the quarter in which they are executed.
We currently charge our international subsidiaries on a monthly
basis for their use of intellectual property and technology and
for certain corporate services provided by eBay and PayPal.
These charges are denominated in Euros and these forecasted
inter-company transactions represent a foreign currency cash
flow exposure. To reduce foreign exchange risk relating to these
forecasted inter-company transactions, we entered into forward
foreign exchange contracts during the three months ended
March 31, 2005. The objective of the forward contracts is
to ensure that the U.S. dollar-equivalent cash flows are
not adversely affected by changes in the U.S. dollar/ Euro
exchange rate. Pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 133 Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities (FAS 133), we
expect the hedge of certain of these forecasted transactions
using the forward contracts to be highly effective in offsetting
potential changes in cash flows attributed to a change in the
U.S. dollar/Euro exchange rate. Accordingly, we record as a
component of other comprehensive income all unrealized gains and
losses related to the forward contracts that receive hedge
accounting treatment. We record all unrealized gains and losses
in interest and other income, net, related to the forward
contracts that do not receive hedge accounting treatment
pursuant to FAS 133. The following table shows the notional
amount of our economic hedges as of March 31, 2005,
together with the associated losses, net of gains, recorded in
our consolidated statement of income for the quarter ended
March 31, 2005, and the gains, net of losses recorded to
accumulated other comprehensive income as of March 31, 2005
(in thousands):
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Accumulated | |
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Net Loss Recorded | |
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Other | |
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Notional | |
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to Interest and | |
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Comprehensive | |
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Amount | |
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Other Income, Net | |
|
Income | |
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| |
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| |
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| |
Amount receiving hedge accounting treatment under FAS 133
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$ |
230,741 |
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|
$ |
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$ |
310 |
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Amount not receiving hedge accounting treatment under
FAS 133
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82,229 |
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(51 |
) |
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Total
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$ |
312,970 |
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|
$ |
(51 |
) |
|
$ |
310 |
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No economic hedges were entered into during the three months
ended March 31, 2004.
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Item 4: |
Controls and Procedures |
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and
procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Securities Exchange Act
of 1934 Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e))
62
required by Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(b) or
15d-15(b), our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial
Officer have concluded that as of the end of the period covered
by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were
effective.
(b) Changes in internal controls. There were no
changes in our internal control over financial reporting that
occurred during our most recent fiscal quarter that have
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially
affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
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Item 1: |
Legal Proceedings |
In April 2001, two of our European subsidiaries, eBay GmbH and
eBay International AG, were sued by Montres Rolex S.A. and
certain of its affiliates in the regional court of Cologne,
Germany. The suit subsequently was transferred to the regional
court in Dusseldorf, Germany. Rolex alleged that our
subsidiaries were infringing Rolexs trademarks as a result
of users selling counterfeit Rolex watches through our German
website. The suit also alleged unfair competition. Rolex sought
an order enjoining the sale of Rolex-branded watches on the
website as well as damages. In December 2002, a trial was held
in the matter and the court ruled in favor of eBay on all causes
of action. Rolex appealed the ruling to the Higher Regional
Court of Dusseldorf, and the appeal was heard in October 2003.
In February 2004, the court rejected Rolexs appeal and
ruled in our favor. Rolex has appealed the ruling to the German
Federal Supreme Court. In March 2004, the German Federal Supreme
Court ruled in favor of Rolex in a case involving an unrelated
company, ricardo.de AG, but somewhat comparable legal theories.
The court issued its written decision in that case in September
2004. Although it is not yet clear what effect the reasoning of
the German Federal Supreme Courts ricardo.de decision
would have when applied to eBay, we believe the Courts
decision will likely not require any significant change in our
business practices.
In September 2001, MercExchange LLC filed a complaint against
us, our Half.com subsidiary and ReturnBuy, Inc. in the
U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia
(No. 2:01-CV-736) alleging infringement of three patents
(relating to online consignment auction technology, multiple
database searching and electronic consignment systems) and
seeking a permanent injunction and damages (including treble
damages for willful infringement). In October 2002, the court
granted in part our summary judgment motion, effectively
invalidating the patent related to online auction technology and
rendering it unenforceable. This ruling left only two patents in
the case. Trial of the matter began in April 2003. In May 2003,
the jury returned a verdict finding that eBay had willfully
infringed one and Half.com had willfully infringed both of the
patents in the suit, awarding $35.0 million in compensatory
damages. Both parties filed post-trial motions, and in August
2003, the court entered judgment for MercExchange in the amount
of $29.5 million, plus pre-judgment interest and
post-judgment interest in an amount to be determined, while
denying MercExchanges request for an injunction and
attorneys fees. We appealed the verdict and judgment in
favor of MercExchange and MercExchange filed a cross-appeal of
the granting in part of our summary judgment motion and the
denial of its request for an injunction and attorneys fees.
On March 16, 2005, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Federal Circuit issued a ruling in the appeal of the
MercExchange patent litigation suit which, among other things
(1) invalidated all claims asserted against eBay and
Half.com arising out of the multiple database search patent and
reduced the verdict amount by $4.5 million; (2) upheld
the electronic consignment system patent; (3) affirmed the
district courts refusal to award attorneys fees or
enhanced damages against us; (4) reversed the district
courts order granting summary judgment in our favor
regarding the auction patent; and (5) reversed the district
courts refusal to grant an injunction and remanded that
issue to the district court for further proceedings. We have
petitioned the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit for an en banc rehearing of the ruling. In
parallel with the federal court proceedings, at our request, the
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office is actively reexamining
each of the patents in suit, having found that substantial
questions exist regarding the validity of the claims contained
therein. On January 26, 2005, the Patent and Trademark
Office issued an initial ruling rejecting all of the claims
contained in the patent that related to online auctions, and on
March 29, 2005, the Patent and
63
Trademark Office issued an initial ruling rejecting all of the
claims contained in the patent that related to electronic
consignment systems. Even if successful, our litigation of these
matters will continue to be costly. In addition, as a
precautionary measure, we have modified certain functionality of
our websites and business practices in a manner which we believe
would avoid any further infringement. For this reason, we
believe that any injunction that might be issued by the district
court will not have any impact on our business. We also believe
we have appropriate reserves for this litigation. Nonetheless,
if we are not successful in appealing or modifying the
courts ruling, and if the modifications to the
functionality of our websites and business practices are not
sufficient to make them non-infringing, we would likely be
forced to pay significant additional damages and licensing fees
and/or modify our business practices in an adverse manner.
In August 2002, Charles E. Hill & Associates, Inc.
filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern
District of Texas (No. 2:02-CV-186) alleging that we and 17
other companies, primarily large retailers, infringed three
patents owned by Hill generally relating to electronic catalog
systems and methods for transmitting and updating data at a
remote computer. The suit seeks an injunction against continuing
infringement, unspecified damages, including treble damages for
willful infringement, and interest, costs, expenses, and fees.
In January 2003, the case was transferred to the
U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Indiana.
After pending in Indiana for almost a year, the case was
transferred back to the U.S. District Court for the Eastern
District of Texas in December 2003. A scheduling conference was
held in November 2004 and a preliminary trial date has been set
for February 2006. The case is currently in fact discovery and
claim construction discovery. The defendants have filed a motion
for summary judgment of noninfringement. We believe that we have
meritorious defenses and intend to defend ourselves vigorously.
In February 2002, PayPal was sued in California state court (No.
CV-805433) in a purported class action alleging that its
limiting access to customer accounts and failure to promptly
restore access to legitimate accounts violates California state
consumer protection laws and is an unfair business practice and
a breach of PayPals User Agreement. This action was
re-filed with a different named plaintiff in June 2002
(No. CV-808441), and a similar action was also filed in the
U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California
in June 2002 (No. C-02-2777). In March 2002, PayPal was
sued in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District
of California (No. C-02-1227) in a purported class action
alleging that its limiting access to customer accounts and
failure to promptly restore access to legitimate accounts
violates federal and state consumer protection and unfair
business practice laws. The two federal court actions were
consolidated into a single case, and the state court action was
stayed pending developments in the federal case. In June 2004,
the parties announced that they had reached a proposed
settlement. The settlement received approval from the federal
court on November 2, 2004. In the settlement, PayPal does
not acknowledge that any of the allegations in the case are
true. Under the terms of the settlement, certain PayPal account
holders will be eligible to receive payment from a settlement
fund of $9.25 million, less administrative costs and the
amount awarded to plaintiffs counsel by the court. That
sum will be distributed to class members who have submitted
timely claims in accordance with the settlements plan of
allocation, part of which still must be approved by the court.
The parties expect that a plan of allocation will be submitted
to the court in the second quarter of 2005. The amount of the
settlement was fully accrued in our consolidated statement of
income for the year ended December 31, 2003.
In July 2004, a purported class action lawsuit was filed by two
eBay users in Superior Court of the State of California, County
of Santa Clara (No. 104CV022708) alleging that eBay engaged
in improper billing practices as the result of problems with the
rollout of a new billing software system in the second and third
quarters of 2004. The lawsuit sought damages and injunctive
relief. An amended complaint was filed in January 2005, dropping
one plaintiff, changing the capacity of the other plaintiff to
that of representative plaintiff, and adding seven additional
eBay users as plaintiffs. The amended complaint expanded its
claim to include numerous alleged improper billing practices
from September 2003 until the present. In February 2005, eBay
filed a motion to strike and a demurrer seeking to dismiss the
complaint. On April 1, 2005, the court sustained portions
of the demurrer, but granted the plaintiffs leave to amend their
complaint. We believe that we have meritorious defenses and
intend to defend ourselves vigorously.
In February 2005, eBay was sued in Superior Court of the State
of California, County of Santa Clara (No. 105CV035930)
in a purported class action alleging that certain bidding
features of our site constitute
64
shill bidding for the purpose of artificially
inflating bids placed by buyers on the site. The complaint
alleges violations of Californias Auction Act,
Californias Consumer Remedies Act, and unfair competition.
The complaint seeks injunctive relief, damages, and a
constructive trust. We believe that we have meritorious defenses
and intend to defend ourselves vigorously.
In March 2005, eBay, PayPal, and an eBay seller were sued in
Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of Kings
(No. 6125/05) in a purported class action alleging that
certain disclosures regarding PayPals Buyer Protection
Policy, users chargeback rights, and the effects of
users choice of funding mechanism are deceptive and/or
misleading. The complaint alleges misrepresentation on the part
of eBay and PayPal, breach of contract and deceptive trade
practices by PayPal, and that PayPal and eBay have jointly
violated the civil RICO statute (18 U.S.C.
Section 1961(4)). The complaint seeks injunctive relief,
compensatory damages, and punitive damages. On April 5,
2005, eBay and PayPal removed the case to the U.S. District
Court for the Eastern District of New York. We believe that eBay
and PayPal have meritorious defenses and intend to defend
ourselves vigorously.
Other third parties have from time to time claimed, and others
may claim in the future, that we have infringed their
intellectual property rights. We have been notified of several
potential patent disputes, and expect that we will increasingly
be subject to patent infringement claims as our services expand
in scope and complexity. In particular, we expect to face
additional patent infringement claims involving services we
provide, including various aspects of our Payments business. We
have in the past been forced to litigate such claims. We may
also become more vulnerable to third-party claims as laws such
as the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, the Lanham Act and the
Communications Decency Act are interpreted by the courts and as
we expand geographically into jurisdictions where the underlying
laws with respect to the potential liability of online
intermediaries like ourselves are either unclear or less
favorable. These claims, whether meritorious or not, could be
time consuming and costly to resolve, cause service upgrade
delays, require expensive changes in our methods of doing
business, or could require us to enter into costly royalty or
licensing agreements.
From time to time, we are involved in other disputes that arise
in the ordinary course of business. The number and significance
of these disputes is increasing as our business expands and our
company grows larger. Any claims against us, whether meritorious
or not, could be time consuming, result in costly litigation,
require significant amounts of management time, and result in
the diversion of significant operational resources.
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Item 2: |
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of
Proceeds |
None.
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Item 3: |
Defaults Upon Senior Securities |
Not applicable.
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Item 4: |
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
Not applicable.
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Item 5: |
Other Information |
Audit Committee Pre-Approvals of Non-Audit Engagements
The Audit Committee of our Board of Directors has adopted a
policy requiring the pre-approval of any non-audit engagement of
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, or PwC, our independent registered
public accounting firm. In the event that we wish to engage PwC
to perform accounting, technical, diligence or other permitted
services not related to the services performed by PwC as our
independent registered public accounting firm, our internal
finance personnel will prepare a summary of the proposed
engagement, detailing the nature of the engagement, the reasons
why PwC is the preferred provider of such services and the
estimated duration and cost of the engagement. The report will
be provided to our Audit Committee or a designated committee
member, who will evaluate whether the proposed engagement will
interfere with the
65
independence of PwC in the performance of its auditing services.
We intend to disclose all approved non-audit engagements in the
appropriate quarterly report on Form 10-Q or annual report
on Form 10-K.
Our Audit Committee approved the following non-audit engagement
during the quarter ended March 31, 2005:
|
|
|
|
|
the engagement by PayPal of PwC to perform a review of the
PayPal Compliance Program; and |
|
|
|
the engagement of PwC to perform due diligence services related
to certain potential acquisitions. |
Exhibit 10.31. 2003 Deferred Stock Unit Plan, as
amended.
Exhibit 10.32. Form of 2003 Deferred Stock Unit Plan
Electing Director Award Agreement.
Exhibit 10.33. Form of 2003 Deferred Stock Unit Plan New
Director Award Agreement.
Exhibit 10.34. Summary of Compensation Payable to Named
Executive Officers.
Exhibit 31.01. Certification of eBays Chief Executive
Officer, as required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002.
Exhibit 31.02. Certification of eBays Chief Financial
Officer, as required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002.
Exhibit 32.01. Certification of eBays Chief Executive
Officer, as required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002.
Exhibit 32.02. Certification of eBays Chief Financial
Officer, as required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002.
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|
|
Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or
arrangement. |
66
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
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|
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eBay Inc. |
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Principal Executive Officer: |
|
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Margaret C. Whitman
|
|
|
|
|
|
Margaret C. Whitman |
|
President and Chief Executive Officer |
Date: April 26, 2005
|
|
|
Principal Financial Officer: |
|
|
|
|
|
Rajiv Dutta |
|
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
Date: April 26, 2005
|
|
|
Principal Accounting Officer: |
|
|
|
|
|
Douglas Jeffries |
|
Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer |
Date: April 26, 2005
67
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
|
|
|
|
|
Number |
|
Description |
|
|
|
|
10 |
.31 |
|
2003 Deferred Stock Unit Plan, as amended. |
|
10 |
.32 |
|
Form of 2003 Deferred Stock Unit Plan Electing Director Award
Agreement. |
|
10 |
.33 |
|
Form of 2003 Deferred Stock Unit Plan New Director Award
Agreement. |
|
10 |
.34 |
|
Summary of Compensation Payable to Named Executive
Officers. |
|
31 |
.01 |
|
Certification of eBays Chief Executive Officer as required
by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
31 |
.02 |
|
Certification of eBays Chief Financial Officer, as
required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
32 |
.01 |
|
Certification of eBays Chief Executive Officer, as
required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
32 |
.02 |
|
Certification of eBays Chief Financial Officer, as
required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or
arrangement. |
68