UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Form 10-Q
(Mark One)
[X] | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended April 3, 2004
or
[ ] | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from ____________ to ____________.
Commission File Number: 0-26976
Pixar
California(State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or organization) | 68-0086179(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
1200 Park Avenue, Emeryville, California(Address of principal executive offices) | 94608(Zip code) |
(510) 752-3000
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Act) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes [X] No [ ].
The number of shares outstanding of the Registrants Common Stock as of May 5, 2004 was 56,227,655.
Pixar
FORM 10-Q
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EXHIBIT 31.1 | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 31.2 | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 32.1 |
1
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
PIXAR
BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited, in thousands, except share data)
April 3, | January 3, | |||||||
2004 |
2004 |
|||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 52,398 | $ | 48,320 | ||||
Investments |
489,508 | 473,603 | ||||||
Trade receivables, net |
1,467 | 2,152 | ||||||
Receivable from Disney |
197,672 | 197,177 | ||||||
Other receivables |
3,404 | 4,465 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
2,349 | 1,047 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
51,738 | 51,496 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
115,161 | 115,026 | ||||||
Capitalized film production costs |
115,992 | 107,667 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 1,029,689 | $ | 1,000,953 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 2,310 | $ | 1,803 | ||||
Income taxes payable |
11,579 | 37,595 | ||||||
Accrued liabilities |
11,679 | 13,007 | ||||||
Unearned revenue |
6,142 | 8,038 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
31,710 | 60,443 | ||||||
Shareholders equity: |
||||||||
Preferred stock; no par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized and no shares issued and outstanding |
| | ||||||
Common stock; no par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 56,174,231 and 55,473,176 issued and
outstanding as of April 3, 2004 and January 3, 2004, respectively |
578,102 | 546,999 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
(62 | ) | 314 | |||||
Retained earnings |
419,939 | 393,197 | ||||||
Total shareholders equity |
997,979 | 940,510 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ | 1,029,689 | $ | 1,000,953 | ||||
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
2
PIXAR
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited, in thousands, except per share data)
Quarter Ended |
||||||||
April 3, | March 29, | |||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Revenue: |
||||||||
Film |
$ | 51,092 | $ | 16,375 | ||||
Software |
2,732 | 2,282 | ||||||
Total revenue |
53,824 | 18,657 | ||||||
Cost of revenue |
5,904 | 2,950 | ||||||
Gross profit |
47,920 | 15,707 | ||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||
Research and development |
3,398 | 2,321 | ||||||
Sales and marketing |
372 | 388 | ||||||
General and administrative |
3,076 | 2,385 | ||||||
Total operating expenses |
6,846 | 5,094 | ||||||
Income from operations |
41,074 | 10,613 | ||||||
Other income |
2,896 | 2,904 | ||||||
Income before income taxes |
43,970 | 13,517 | ||||||
Income tax expense |
17,228 | 5,339 | ||||||
Net income |
$ | 26,742 | $ | 8,178 | ||||
Basic net income per share |
$ | 0.48 | $ | 0.15 | ||||
Shares used in computing basic net income per share |
55,791 | 53,046 | ||||||
Diluted net income per share |
$ | 0.46 | $ | 0.15 | ||||
Shares used in computing diluted net income per share |
58,607 | 56,161 |
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
3
PIXAR
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited, in thousands)
Quarter Ended |
||||||||
April 3, | March 29, | |||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 26,742 | $ | 8,178 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |
||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,764 | 1,961 | ||||||
Capitalized film production costs |
(14,137 | ) | (12,661 | ) | ||||
Amortization of capitalized film production costs |
5,812 | 2,856 | ||||||
Tax benefit from stock option exercises |
10,955 | 4,198 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
(242 | ) | (389 | ) | ||||
Gain on sales of investments |
(648 | ) | (207 | ) | ||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Trade and other receivables, net |
1,746 | 1,533 | ||||||
Receivable from Disney |
(495 | ) | 101,445 | |||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
(1,302 | ) | 1,067 | |||||
Accounts payable |
507 | (510 | ) | |||||
Income taxes payable |
(26,016 | ) | | |||||
Accrued liabilities |
(1,328 | ) | 1,381 | |||||
Unearned revenue |
(1,896 | ) | (162 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
1,462 | 108,690 | ||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: |
||||||||
Purchases of property and equipment |
(1,899 | ) | (1,743 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sale of investments |
313,739 | 55,787 | ||||||
Purchases of investments |
(329,372 | ) | (142,095 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(17,532 | ) | (88,051 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities: |
||||||||
Proceeds from exercised stock options |
20,148 | 8,214 | ||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
20,148 | 8,214 | ||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
4,078 | 28,853 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
48,320 | 44,431 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
$ | 52,398 | $ | 73,284 | ||||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |
||||||||
Cash paid during the period for income taxes |
$ | 33,875 | $ | | ||||
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities: |
||||||||
Unrealized loss on investments, net of taxes |
$ | (376 | ) | $ | (571 | ) | ||
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
4
PIXAR
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(1) Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows of Pixar (or the Company) for the periods presented. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements as of January 3, 2004 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended January 3, 2004, including notes thereto. These audited financial statements are included in Pixars Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 18, 2004.
The results of operations for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the current year or any other period.
Certain amounts reported in previous periods have been reclassified to conform to the 2004 financial statement presentation.
(2) Fiscal Year
Pixar operates on a 52 or 53-week fiscal year, whereby the year ends on the Saturday nearest December 31. Fiscal 2004 will end on January 1, 2005 and will consist of 52 weeks.
(3) Stock Option Accounting
The Company has elected to continue using the intrinsic-value method of accounting for stock-based compensation plans in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB) No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related interpretations. The Company has adopted those provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, and SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation Transition and Disclosure, which require disclosure of the pro forma effects on net income and net income per share as if compensation cost had been recognized based upon the fair value-based method at the date of grant of options awarded.
The following table reflects pro forma net income and net income per share had the Company elected to adopt the fair value-based method (in thousands, except per share data):
Quarter Ended |
||||||||
April 3, | March 29, | |||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Net income: |
||||||||
As reported |
$ | 26,742 | $ | 8,178 | ||||
Fair value-based compensation cost, net of taxes |
(4,510 | ) | (1,612 | ) | ||||
Pro forma net income |
$ | 22,232 | $ | 6,566 | ||||
Basic net income per share: |
||||||||
As reported |
$ | 0.48 | $ | 0.15 | ||||
Pro forma |
$ | 0.40 | $ | 0.12 | ||||
Diluted net income per share: |
||||||||
As reported |
$ | 0.46 | $ | 0.15 | ||||
Pro forma |
$ | 0.39 | $ | 0.12 |
5
These pro forma amounts may not be representative of future disclosures since the estimated fair value of stock options is amortized to expense over the vesting period, and additional options may be granted in future years. The pro forma amounts assume that the Company had been following the fair value-based method since the beginning of 1996.
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The weighted-average fair value of options granted was $26.47 and $23.87 for the quarters ended April 3, 2004 and March 29, 2003, respectively. Values were estimated using zero dividend yield for all years; expected volatility of 42% and 51% for the quarters ended April 3, 2004 and March 29, 2003, respectively; risk-free interest rates of 3.09% and 2.84% for the quarters ended April 3, 2004 and March 29, 2003, respectively; and weighted-average expected lives of 5.0 years.
(4) Net Income per Share
Basic net income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common and dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period, using the treasury stock method for options. Of the outstanding options to purchase shares of common stock, for the quarters ended April 3, 2004 and March 29, 2003, options to purchase approximately 374,000 shares and 52,000 shares, respectively, of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted net income per share because the options exercise price was greater than the average market price of the common shares.
The reconciliation of basic and diluted net income per share is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Quarter Ended |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
April 3, | March 29, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Net | Net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net | Income | Net | Income | |||||||||||||||||||||
Income |
Shares |
per Share |
Income |
Shares |
per Share |
|||||||||||||||||||
Basic net income per share |
$ | 26,742 | 55,791 | $ | 0.48 | $ | 8,178 | 53,046 | $ | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||
Effect of dilutive shares: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Options |
2,816 | 3,115 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted net income per share |
$ | 26,742 | 58,607 | $ | 0.46 | $ | 8,178 | 56,161 | $ | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||
(5) Comprehensive Income
Other comprehensive income (loss) consists of unrealized holding gains or losses on the Companys investments. The following table sets forth the calculation of comprehensive income, net of income taxes (in thousands):
Quarter Ended |
||||||||
April 3, | March 29, | |||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Net income |
$ | 26,742 | $ | 8,178 | ||||
Unrealized holding losses on investments, net of tax benefit |
(376 | ) | (571 | ) | ||||
Comprehensive income |
$ | 26,366 | $ | 7,607 | ||||
6
(6) Feature Film and Co-Production Agreements
Feature Film Agreement
In 1991, the Company entered into a feature film agreement with Walt Disney Pictures, a wholly owned subsidiary of Walt Disney Pictures and Television (together with its subsidiaries and affiliates collectively referred to herein as Disney), to develop and produce up to three computer-animated feature films (the Feature Film Agreement). In 1995, the Company released its first and only feature film under the terms of the Feature Film Agreement, Toy Story. The Company continues to receive compensation based on revenue from the distribution of Toy Story and related products. Based on the individual-film-forecast-computation method, all significant Toy Story film production costs were fully amortized by the year ended December 31, 1997.
Co-Production Agreement
In 1997, the Company extended its original relationship with Disney (under which Toy Story was created and produced) by entering into the Co-Production Agreement. Under the Co-Production Agreement, the Company agreed to produce, on an exclusive basis, five original computer-animated feature films (the Pictures) for distribution by Disney. Pixar and Disney agreed to co-finance, co-own and co-brand the Pictures and share equally in the profits of each Picture and any related merchandise and other ancillary products, after Disney recovers all marketing and distribution costs and fees. The first three original Pictures produced under the Co-Production Agreement were A Bugs Life, Monsters, Inc. and Finding Nemo. The Company is currently in various stages of production on the final two Pictures under this agreement: The Incredibles and Cars. As a sequel, Toy Story 2 did not count toward the Pictures; however, it was produced under the Co-Production Agreement and is afforded the same financial terms as the Pictures. The term of the Co-Production Agreement continues until delivery to Disney of the fifth Picture, Cars, which is currently targeted for a 2005 holiday release.
All payments to Pixar from Disney for development and production of Toy Story under the Feature Film Agreement, and A Bugs Life, Toy Story 2, Monsters, Inc., Finding Nemo, The Incredibles and Cars under the Co-Production Agreement have been recorded as cost reimbursements. Accordingly, no revenue has been recognized for such reimbursements; rather, the Company has netted the reimbursements against the related costs.
Creative Development Group
In addition to the films produced and in process under the Co-Production Agreement, Pixars creative development group is working on concept development, pre-production and production for new projects that are not governed by the Co-Production Agreement. Costs related to these projects, including for example, the first feature film produced outside the existing Disney relationship (Project 2006), are therefore neither shared nor reimbursed by Disney. Such costs are capitalized as film costs and will be amortized under the individual-film-forecast-computation method assuming the concept development leads to a successful concept and realization of a film project, when it is expected that the film will be set for production. In the event a film is not set for production within three years from the time of the first capitalized transaction, such costs will be expensed.
Components of Capitalized Film Production Costs
The total film production costs and related amounts capitalized are as follows (in thousands):
Total Through |
||||||||
April 3, | January 3, | |||||||
2004 |
2004 |
|||||||
Released films |
$ | 188,021 | $ | 187,210 | ||||
Less: Cumulative amortization of film production costs |
(163,502 | ) | (157,690 | ) | ||||
Total film production costs capitalized for released films |
24,519 | 29,520 | ||||||
Films in production |
90,217 | 77,301 | ||||||
Films in development or pre-production |
1,256 | 846 | ||||||
Total film production costs capitalized |
$ | 115,992 | $ | 107,667 | ||||
7
Under the Co-Production Agreement, certain operating expenses benefiting the productions, such as certain research and development and certain general and administrative expenses, are paid half by Pixar and half by Disney. From the beginning of each respective fiscal year, the Company recorded the following amounts reimbursed by Disney as offsets to the following expense categories (in thousands):
Quarter Ended |
||||||||
April 3, | March 29, | |||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Research and development |
$ | 1,874 | $ | 1,723 | ||||
General and administrative |
911 | 998 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 2,785 | $ | 2,721 | ||||
For released films, the Company expects to amortize, based on current estimates, approximately $9 million to $12 million in capitalized film production costs over the succeeding twelve-month period. This forecast does not include amortization for The Incredibles, which is targeted for release on November 5, 2004. The Company has amortized more than 80% of each released films original production costs as of April 3, 2004, with the exception of Finding Nemo, which is projected to reach the 80% milestone by the end of fiscal 2004.
At April 3, 2004 and January 3, 2004, receivables from Disney aggregated $197.7 million and $197.2 million, respectively, which consists of receivables for film revenue, advances net of Disneys actual share of production expenditures for all films under the Co-Production Agreement and amounts due for miscellaneous reimbursements.
(7) Segment Reporting
The chief operating decision-maker is considered to be the Companys Chief Executive Officer (CEO). The CEO reviews financial information presented on a summary basis accompanied by disaggregated information about film revenue for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. The summary financial information reviewed by the CEO is identical to the information presented in the accompanying statement of income and the Company has no foreign operations. Therefore, the Company operates in a single operating segment.
The Companys revenue segment information by film category follows (in thousands):
Quarter Ended |
||||||||
April 3, | March 29, | |||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Finding Nemo |
$ | 40,183 | $ | | ||||
Monsters, Inc. |
2,443 | 8,573 | ||||||
Library titles (1) |
8,332 | 7,711 | ||||||
Animation services |
134 | 91 | ||||||
$ | 51,092 | $ | 16,375 | |||||
(1) | Library titles include Toy Story, A Bugs Life and Toy Story 2. |
8
(8) New Accounting Pronouncements
In April 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) determined that stock-based compensation should be recognized as a cost in the financial statements and that such cost be measured according to the fair value of the stock options. The FASB has not as yet determined the methodology for calculating fair value and plans to issue an accounting standard that would become effective in 2005. The Company will continue to monitor communications on this subject from the FASB in order to determine the impact on the Companys financial statements.
In December 2003, the Staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 (SAB 104), Revenue Recognition, which supersedes SAB 101, Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements. SAB 104s primary purpose is to rescind accounting guidance contained in SAB 101 related to multiple element revenue arrangements, superseded as a result of the issuance of EITF 00-21, Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables. Additionally, SAB 104 rescinds the SECs Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements Frequently Asked Questions and Answers (the FAQ) issued with SAB 101 that had been codified in SAB Topic 13, Revenue Recognition. Selected portions of the FAQ have been incorporated into SAB 104. While the wording of SAB 104 has changed to reflect the issuance of EITF 00-21, the revenue recognition principles of SAB 101 remain largely unchanged by the issuance of SAB 104. The adoption of SAB 104 in December 2003 did not materially affect the Companys revenue recognition policies, or the Companys results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
In March 2004, the FASBs Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached a consensus on Issue No. 03-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments. Issue No. 03-1 states that companies carrying debt and equity securities at amounts higher than the securities fair values will soon have to use more detailed criteria to evaluate whether to record a loss and will have to disclose additional information about unrealized losses. Issue No. 03-1 is effective for reporting periods beginning after June 15, 2004 and the disclosure requirements are effective for annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2004. The Company believes that the adoption of EITF No. 03-1 will not have a material effect on its results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements that have been made pursuant to the provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, particularly statements referencing the targeted release dates of our feature films, our target earnings per share for the second quarter of fiscal 2004, our anticipated revenues and operating expenses, our expectations on DVD penetration and the resulting effect on our home video sales and our expectations regarding any future distribution agreement into which we may enter. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as may, could, would, might, will, should, expect, forecast, predict, potential, continue, anticipates, expects, intends, plans, believes, seeks, estimates, is scheduled for, targeted, and variations of such words and similar expressions. Such forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates, and projections about our industry, managements beliefs, and assumptions made by management. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict; therefore, actual results and outcomes may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in any such forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include those set forth herein under Risk Factors on pages 15 through 24. Particular attention should be paid to the cautionary language in Risk Factors To meet our fiscal 2004 earnings projections, we are dependent on our feature films and the accuracy of our forecasts, Our operating results have fluctuated in the past, and we expect such fluctuations to continue, Our scheduled successive releases of feature films will continue to place a significant strain on our resources, and The Co-Production Agreement imposes several risks and restrictions on us. Unless required by law, Pixar undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the section entitled Risk Factors on pages 15 through 24 below and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 3, 2004 in addition to our interim financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this report.
Overview
Pixar was formed in 1986 when Steve Jobs purchased the computer division of Lucasfilm and incorporated it as a separate company. In 1991, we entered into a feature film agreement (the Feature Film Agreement) with Walt Disney Pictures, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Walt Disney Company (together with its subsidiaries and affiliates collectively referred to herein as Disney), for the development and production of up to three animated feature films to be marketed and distributed by Disney. It was pursuant to the Feature Film agreement that Toy Story was developed, produced, and distributed. Our share of revenues and expenses from Toy Story is governed by the terms of the Feature Film Agreement.
In February 1997, we entered into the Co-Production Agreement (which, except for certain economic provisions applicable to Toy Story, superseded the Feature Film Agreement) with Disney pursuant to which we, on an exclusive basis, agreed to produce five original computer-animated feature-length theatrical motion pictures (the Pictures) for distribution by Disney. Pixar and Disney agreed to co-finance the production costs of the Pictures, co-own the Pictures (with Disney having exclusive distribution and exploitation rights), co-brand the Pictures, and share equally in the profits of each Picture and any related merchandise as well as other ancillary products, after recovery of all marketing and distribution costs (which Disney finances), a distribution fee paid to Disney and any other predefined fees or costs, including any participations provided to talent. The Co-Production Agreement generally provides that we will be responsible for the production of each Picture, while Disney will be responsible for the marketing, promotion, publicity, advertising and distribution of each Picture.
The Co-Production Agreement also contemplates that with respect to theatrical sequels, made-for-home video sequels, television productions,
9
interactive media products and other derivative works related to the Pictures, we will have the opportunity to co-finance and produce such products or to earn passive royalties on such products. We will not share in any theme park revenues generated as a result of the Pictures. Pursuant to the Co-Production Agreement, in addition to co-financing the production costs of the Pictures, Disney will reimburse us for our share of certain general and administrative costs and certain research and development costs that benefit the productions.
Our second feature film, A Bugs Life, was released in November 1998 and counted as the first original Picture under the Co-Production Agreement. In November 1999, Toy Story 2, our third animated feature film was released. As a theatrical sequel, Toy Story 2 is a derivative work of the original Toy Story and therefore it does not count toward the five original Pictures to be produced under the Co-Production Agreement. As a derivative work, Toy Story 2 is treated as a Picture under the Co-Production Agreement, and all the provisions applicable to the five original Pictures apply.
In November 2001, we released Monsters, Inc., our fourth animated feature film, which counts as the second original Picture under the Co-Production Agreement. In May 2003, we released Finding Nemo, our fifth animated feature film, which counts as the third original Picture under the Co-Production Agreement. We are currently in various stages of production on the remaining two films, The Incredibles and Cars. These films will be produced and distributed under the Co-Production Agreement and will count as the fourth and fifth films of the Pictures to be produced under the Co-Production Agreement. The Incredibles is scheduled to be released November 5, 2004 and Cars is currently scheduled for a 2005 holiday release.
The term of the Co-Production Agreement continues until delivery to Disney of Cars. Since the delivery of Finding Nemo, we have had the ability to negotiate and enter into another distribution agreement with any other third party. We have produced five highly successful films to date, and we believe that this success combined with the strength of our financial resources, position us to negotiate a distribution arrangement beyond the Co-Production Agreement with more favorable economic terms and full ownership of our films. In January 2004, we announced that we had ended our discussions with Disney on extending our existing arrangement with them. We are currently exploring other alternatives. Although we look forward to a more favorable agreement for films released after Cars, we also understand that ending our relationship with Disney may increase some of the risks we face in the motion picture industry. See Risk Factors The Co-Production Agreement imposes several risks and restrictions on us, Risk Factors We experience intense competition with respect to our animated feature films, animation products, and software and Risk Factors We face various distribution risks with respect to our feature films.
All payments to us from Disney for development and production of Toy Story under the Feature Film Agreement, and A Bugs Life, Toy Story 2, Monsters, Inc., Finding Nemo, The Incredibles and Cars under the Co-Production Agreement have been recorded as cost reimbursements. Accordingly, no revenue has been recognized for such reimbursements; rather, we have netted the reimbursements against the related costs.
The statements regarding the targeted release dates for our future films are forward-looking, and the actual release dates may differ. Factors that could cause delays in the release of our films include, but are not limited to: (1) the uncertainties related to production delays; (2) financing requirements; (3) personnel availability; (4) external socioeconomic and political events; and (5) the release dates of competitive films. Please see Risk Factors for a more detailed discussion of these factors.
Target Earnings per Share for the Second Quarter of Fiscal 2004
We expect continuing international home video revenues from Finding Nemo to drive our results for the second quarter, particularly from its release in Spain, France, and Japan. Based on the popularity of the film at the international box office, and considering the growing trends of the DVD format, our home video sales projections are now expected to trend higher than those of Monsters, Inc. However, we anticipate that these gains will be somewhat mitigated by increases in marketing costs. Our net units take into account certain return reserves for the Finding Nemo home video which differ from those estimated by Disney. We will evaluate these projections on a quarterly basis and adjust them in future periods, if necessary. Revenues from the domestic pay television licensing of Finding Nemo are also expected in the second quarter, along with some contributions from merchandise and home video for our films. Accordingly, we are targeting diluted earnings per share of approximately $0.30 for the second quarter of fiscal 2004.
These statements regarding our targeted earnings per share are forward-looking, and actual results may differ materially. Factors that could cause actual results for the second quarter of fiscal 2004 to differ include, but are not limited to: (1) the timing and amount of worldwide revenues and distribution costs from The Incredibles, Finding Nemo, Monsters, Inc. and other titles in our film library, (2) the timing, accuracy, and sufficiency of the information we receive from Disney to determine revenues and associated gross profits, (3) the timing and amount of non-film related revenues and expenses, (4) the accuracy of assumptions and judgments used to estimate certain revenues and associated gross profits, (5) the market price of our common stock and related volatility, (6) potential delays in the release dates of our films, (7) final terms of our future distribution deal, and (8) external socioeconomic and political events that are beyond our control. Please see Risk Factors for a more detailed discussion of these factors.
Recent Developments
Changes in Management
In March 2004, we announced that Ann Mather, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, will retire in May 2004 to devote more time to her family. We also announced that Simon Bax would become Pixars new Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in May 2004. Mr. Bax has over 20 years of financial operations experience, including more than 7 years as the Chief Financial Officer of Fox Filmed Entertainment.
Critical Accounting Policies
Revenue Recognition
We recognize film revenue from the distribution of our animated feature films and related products when earned and reasonably estimable in
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accordance with Statement of Position 00-2 Accounting by Producers or Distributors of Films (SOP 00-2). The following are the conditions that must be met in order to recognize revenue in accordance with SOP 00-2:
| persuasive evidence of a sale or licensing arrangement with a customer exists; | |||
| the film is complete and, in accordance with the terms of the arrangement, has been delivered or is available for immediate and unconditional delivery; | |||
| the license period of the arrangement has begun and the customer can begin its exploitation, exhibition or sale; | |||
| the arrangement fee is fixed or determinable; and | |||
| collection of the arrangement fee is reasonably assured. |
Under the Co-Production Agreement, we share equally with Disney in the profits of Finding Nemo, Monsters, Inc., Toy Story 2 and A Bugs Life after Disney recovers its marketing, distribution and other predefined costs and fees. Our revenues for Toy Story are governed by the terms of the Feature Film Agreement. The amount of revenue recognized in any given quarter or quarters from all of our films depends on the timing, accuracy and sufficiency of the information we receive from Disney to determine revenues and associated gross profits. Although Disney provides us with the most current information available to enable us to recognize our share of revenue and determine our film gross profit, in the past we have made adjustments, and we are likely to make adjustments in the future, to that information based on our estimates and judgments. For example, in the past, our theatrical revenues have been adjusted for our estimated reserves on potential uncollectible amounts to be received from theatrical exhibitors. We also make adjustments to our home video revenues for estimates on return reserves that may differ from those reported by Disney. Disney may provide us with reserve information that may differ substantially from our historical experience with our previous titles. Unless we obtain compelling explanations for such differences, we have and may continue to record reserves more in line with our historical experience. The estimates on reserves may be adjusted in future periods as additional information becomes available, such as actual rates of returns, inventory levels in the distribution channel, as well as other business and industry information.
We also utilize margin normalization, such as with merchandising or home video, in accordance with the provisions of SOP 00-2. This may result in the utilization of budgeted or forecasted information rather than actual costs incurred if it is deemed to be a more accurate reflection of our participation. Similar to return reserves, these expense estimates are reviewed and may be adjusted periodically to ensure the most accurate depiction of our participation is reflected. We also have the right to audit Disneys books and records related to the Pictures according to the terms of the Co-Production Agreement. Additionally, during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003 and the first quarter of fiscal 2004, our fiscal reporting periods differed from that of Disney. Consequently, it was necessary to use a combination of information from Disney and our own estimates to determine our revenues for the periods between Disneys fiscal period end and ours. Any revenue received in advance from Disney is deferred and recorded as revenue when earned.
Any adjustments resulting from changes to our estimated reserves, margin normalization or updated information from Disney, noted above, could have a material effect on our financial statements in any given quarter or quarters. For example, during 2002 and 2003, there were a number of adjustments to our earnings resulting from the aforementioned estimates, as well as our reliance on Disney. During fiscal 2002, one-time adjustments to A Bugs Life and Toy Story 2 home video reserves and margins and merchandising revenues had a positive net impact of $0.19 to our diluted net income per share. We also received updated information from Disney in the first quarter of fiscal 2003, which decreased previously recorded home video expenses by $3.2 million for all of our film titles on a cumulative basis. This resulted in an increase of $0.03 to our diluted net income per share for our first quarter of fiscal 2003. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2003, we recognized an adjustment which reduced our Monsters, Inc. domestic home video revenue after we received updated information from Disney, which reflected higher returns of domestic home video than had been originally anticipated. This adjustment reduced our home video revenues by $4.4 million and had a net impact of $0.04 to our diluted net income per share in the second quarter of fiscal 2003. We also received a settlement on Monsters, Inc. merchandise revenue for the third quarter of fiscal 2003, which resulted in an increase of $3.5 million to our revenues and $0.03 to our diluted net income per share.
In accordance with the provisions of SOP 00-2, a film is classified as a library title after three years from the films initial release. Currently, Toy Story, A Bugs Life and Toy Story 2 are classified as library titles. Monsters, Inc. will be classified as a library title beginning in the third quarter of fiscal 2004. The term library titles is used solely for the purpose of classification and for identifying previously released films in accordance with the provisions of SOP 00-2. Revenue recognition for such titles is in accordance with our revenue recognition policy for film revenue.
Software Revenue
Revenue for software licenses are recognized in compliance with SOP 97-2 Software Revenue Recognition as amended by SOP 98-9 Modification of SOP 97-2, With Respect to Certain Transactions. Under SOP 97-2, as amended, we recognize revenues when all of the following conditions are met:
| persuasive evidence of an agreement exists; | |||
| delivery of the product has occurred; | |||
| the fee is fixed or determinable; and | |||
| collection of these fees is probable. |
SOP 97-2, as amended, generally requires revenue earned on software arrangements involving multiple elements to be allocated to each element based on the relative fair values of the elements. Revenue recognized from multiple-element arrangements is allocated to undelivered elements of the
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arrangement, such as support services, based on the relative fair values of the elements. Our determination of fair value of each element in multi-element arrangements is based on vendor-specific objective evidence (VSOE). We limit our assessment of VSOE for each element to either the price charged when the same element is sold separately or the price established by management, having the relevant authority to do so, for an element not yet sold separately.
Software maintenance is recorded as deferred revenue and is recognized ratably over the term of the agreement, which is generally twelve months.
Film Production Costs
We capitalize our share of direct film production costs in accordance with SOP 00-2. Film production costs include costs to develop and produce computer animated motion pictures, which primarily consists of salaries, equipment and overhead. With regard to the Pictures, we capitalize film production costs in excess of reimbursable amounts from Disney. With respect to Project 2006, our first feature film outside of our existing Disney relationship, and beyond, we capitalize all film production costs. Production overhead, a component of film costs, includes allocable costs of individuals or departments with exclusive or significant responsibility for the production of our films. Capitalized production overhead does not include administrative, general and research and development expenses. In addition to the films produced, we are also working on concept development for several new projects.
Once a film is released, capitalized film production costs will be amortized in the proportion that the revenue during the period for each film bears to the estimated revenue to be received from all sources under the individual-film-forecast-computation method. The amount of film costs that will be amortized each quarter will depend on how much future revenue we expect to receive from each film. We make certain estimates and judgments of our future gross revenues to be received for each film based on information received from Disney, and our knowledge of the industry. Estimates of anticipated total gross revenues are reviewed periodically and may be revised if necessary. A change to the estimate of gross revenues for an individual film may result in an increase or decrease to the percentage of amortization of capitalized film costs relative to a previous period. Unamortized film production costs are compared with net realizable value each reporting period on a film-by-film basis. If estimated remaining gross revenues are not sufficient to recover the unamortized film production costs, the unamortized film production costs will be written down to fair value.
Results of Operations
Our results for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 were driven primarily by worldwide home video revenue, continuing foreign theatrical revenue, merchandising, and ancillary royalties from Finding Nemo as well as continued worldwide home video revenue and merchandising from Monsters, Inc. and our library titles.
Revenue
Total revenue, which consists of film revenue and software revenue, was $53.8 million for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 compared to $18.7 million in the corresponding prior year period. The period-over-period increase was largely due to the timing and success of Finding Nemos worldwide home video performance and continued foreign theatrical revenues in the first quarter of fiscal 2004.
Film revenue for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 was $51.1 million compared with $16.4 million in the corresponding prior year period. The increase in revenues for the current quarter as compared to the corresponding prior year quarter is due primarily to Finding Nemo. Film revenue for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 consisted of $40.2 million from Finding Nemo related primarily to worldwide home video revenue, worldwide theatrical revenues, merchandising, and ancillary royalties. Also included in our film revenues for the first quarter ended April 3, 2004 was $8.3 million from our library titles, which consisted of merchandise sales, worldwide home video sales and ancillary royalties and $2.4 million from Monsters, Inc.
Film revenue for the quarter ended March 29, 2003 consisted of $8.6 million from Monsters, Inc., which related primarily to revenues from domestic pay television licensing, and to a lesser extent, revenues from pay-per-view and merchandise sales. Also included in our film revenue for the first quarter ended March 29, 2003 was $7.7 million from our library titles, which consisted of continued worldwide home video sales, merchandise sales, international television licensing and ancillary royalties. During the first quarter of fiscal 2003, we received additional information from Disney that decreased home video expenses for all of our film titles on a cumulative basis and contributed approximately $3.2 million to our net revenues and $0.03 to our fully diluted net income per share.
In May 2003, two of our library titles, Toy Story and Toy Story 2, were placed on a domestic home video sales moratorium.
Software revenue includes software license revenue, principally from RenderMan®, and royalty revenue from licensing Physical Effects, Inc. (PEI) technology to a third party. PEI, a company we acquired in 1998, licensed certain of its technology to a third party, from which we receive associated royalty revenue on a quarterly basis. Software revenue for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 was $2.7 million compared to $2.3 million in the corresponding prior year period, resulting from increases in RenderMan® software licensing sales during the period. In spite of the increase in software revenue for the quarter ended April 3, 2004, our primary focus is on content creation for animated feature films and related products, and as a result, we have not increased the time and resources necessary to generate consistently higher RenderMan® license revenues. Therefore, we continue to expect ongoing variability in revenues derived from software licenses. Software maintenance contracts are recorded as unearned revenue and recognized ratably over the term of the agreement, which is generally twelve months.
For the quarter ended April 3, 2004, Disney accounted for 92% of our total revenue compared to 89% for the corresponding prior year period. The revenue from Disney consisted primarily of film related revenue. Because of our relationship with Disney under the Co-Production Agreement, Disney is expected to continue to represent significantly greater than 10% of our revenue in 2004 and for the near future.
Cost of Revenue
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Cost of revenue includes cost of film revenue and cost of software revenue. Cost of film revenue for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 was $5.9 million compared to $2.9 million in the corresponding prior year period. Cost of film revenue represents amortization of capitalized film production costs. See Capitalized Film Production Costs below. For the quarter ended April 3, 2004, cost of film revenue represented amortization of capitalized film production costs associated with Finding Nemo, Monsters, Inc., Toy Story 2 and A Bugs Life, and represented 12% of total film revenue as compared to 18% for the corresponding prior year period. The decrease in cost of film revenue as a percentage of total film revenue for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 compared to the prior year period can be attributable to a higher proportion of revenues resulting from Finding Nemo, which had a lower amortization percentage than Monsters, Inc. in the prior period, since we expect to receive more revenues from Finding Nemo over its lifetime. Additionally, the cost amortization percentages from Monsters, Inc. and our library titles have declined in the current quarter relative to the corresponding prior year period due to increases in their ultimate revenues.
Cost of software revenue consists of the direct costs and manufacturing overhead required to reproduce and package our software products. Cost of software revenue as a percentage of the related revenue was less than 1% for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 as compared to 1% for the corresponding prior year period.
Operating Expenses
Total operating expenses were $6.8 million for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 compared to $5.1 million in the corresponding prior year period. The increase in operating expenses over the prior year period reflects the growth experienced by the studio as we ramp up to meet the demands of multiple films in production and an increased proportion of operating expenses previously shared with Disney. Under the Co-Production Agreement, Disney reimburses us for half of certain general and administrative costs and certain research and development costs that benefit the productions. The funding received from Disney is treated as operating expense reimbursements. To the extent that personnel, facilities and other expenditures are not capitalized by us nor allocated to and paid for by Disney, and precede or are not subsequently followed by an increase in revenue, our business, operating results and financial condition will be materially adversely affected. For example, in February 2003, we approved Project 2006 for production, and because it is our first feature film to be produced outside of the existing relationship with Disney, certain costs that have been reimbursed by Disney in our previous films will now be expensed as incurred.
Research and Development. Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and support for personnel conducting research and development for our RenderMan® software and for our proprietary Marionette and Ringmaster animation and production management software and for creative development for future films. Research and development expenses increased to $3.4 million for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 from $2.3 million for the corresponding prior year period due to an increase in employee related costs, our incurring a larger share of operating expenses previously shared with Disney, increased legal expenses related to our intellectual properties and an increase in expenses related to short film projects. We expect research and development expenses to increase in future periods. To date, all research and development costs not reimbursed by Disney have been expensed as incurred.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries and related overhead, as well as public relations, advertising, technical support and trade show costs required to support our software sales. Sales and marketing expenses of $372,000 and $388,000 remained relatively consistent for the quarters ended April 3, 2004 and March 29, 2003, respectively. We believe that sales and marketing expenses may increase in future periods, particularly in the areas of public relations and corporate marketing related to our films.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries of management and administrative personnel, insurance costs and professional fees. General and administrative expenses increased to $3.1 million for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 from $2.4 million in the corresponding prior year period. The increase was due primarily to increased professional services fees, employee related costs, and an increased proportion of operating expenses previously shared with Disney. General and administrative expenses may continue to increase in future periods.
Other Income, Net
Other income, net was $2.9 million for the quarters ended April 3, 2004 and March 29, 2003, and consists primarily of interest income on investments. Even though cash, cash equivalents and investments increased over the comparable prior year period, lower interest rates for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 caused interest income to remain comparable to the quarter ended March 29, 2003.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 approximates the federal and state statutory income tax rate of 39.2% versus 39.5% in the same period of the prior year.
Capitalized Film Production Costs
We had $116.0 million in capitalized film production costs as of April 3, 2004, consisting primarily of costs relating to Toy Story 2, A Bugs Life, Monsters, Inc., Finding Nemo, The Incredibles, and Cars, all of which are being co-financed by Disney under the Co-Production Agreement. Capitalized film production costs also include costs related to Project 2006, our first Pixar-only financed film. All Toy Story capitalized film costs were fully amortized as of December 31, 1997.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash, cash equivalents and investments increased to $541.9 million by the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2004, an increase of $20.0 million since
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January 3, 2004. The increase was primarily due to cash received from Disney for our share of film revenue, particularly relating to Finding Nemo worldwide theatrical revenue and home video sales, along with proceeds from stock option exercises, interest income and software revenue, offset by film production costs. Net cash provided by operating activities for the quarter ended April 3, 2004 of $1.5 million was primarily attributable to net income of $26.7 million resulting primarily from film revenue related to Finding Nemo, Monsters, Inc., and our film library, the non-cash impact of the tax benefit from stock option exercises of $11.0 million, the non-cash impact of depreciation and amortization expense and amortization of capitalized film production costs of $7.6 million, a decrease in trade and other receivables of $1.7 million, offset by a decrease in income taxes payable of $26.0 million, capitalized film production costs of $14.1 million, a decrease in unearned revenue of $1.9 million, a decrease in accrued liabilities of $1.3 million and an increase in prepaid expenses and other assets of $1.3 million. Net cash used in investing activities of $17.5 million primarily consisted of the purchase of investments of $329.4 million and property and equipment of $1.9 million, offset by net proceeds from sales of investments of $313.7 million. Net cash provided by financing activities consisted entirely of proceeds of $20.1 million from exercised stock options.
Net cash provided by operating activities for the quarter ended March 29, 2003 of $108.7 million was primarily attributable to a decrease of $101.4 million in our receivable from Disney as a result of cash received, net income of $8.2 million and the non-cash impact of the tax benefit from stock option exercises of $4.2 million, partially offset by capitalized film production costs of $12.7 million. Net cash used in investing activities of $88.1 million primarily consisted of investments in securities of $142.1 million, offset by proceeds from the sales of investment securities of $55.8 million. Net cash provided by financing activities consisted entirely of proceeds of $8.2 million from exercised stock options.
As of April 3, 2004, our principal source of liquidity was approximately $541.9 million in cash, cash equivalents and investments. Our future capital commitments primarily consist of obligations to fund production costs of films and derivative products under the Co-Production Agreement and beyond. Pursuant to the Co-Production Agreement, we will co-finance the next two original animated feature films we have in production, The Incredibles and Cars. In the future, we may co-finance other derivative works such as theatrical sequels, direct to home video sequels, interactive products and television productions. Additionally, we have already approved for production our first film beyond the Co-Production Agreement and will finance those costs entirely. We also have obligations to pay portions of any revenue derived from each feature film produced under the Co-Production Agreement to our entertainment law firm in consideration for services rendered.
Film Production Costs. For the remainder of 2004, we expect to spend approximately $55 million to $60 million, net of Disneys film cost reimbursements, on direct film costs and other costs to fund our ongoing film projects under the Co-Production Agreement and beyond, which will directly impact working capital.
Capital Expenditures. For the remainder of 2004, we expect to spend approximately $15 million to $18 million related to capital expenditures for our Emeryville headquarters and studio and other facility related projects.
We believe that our current available funds and forecasted cash from operations for the remainder of 2004 will be sufficient to satisfy our currently anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures, including the production costs of The Incredibles and Cars, the remaining post-production costs for Finding Nemo, as well as the production and development costs associated with films not covered under the Co-Production Agreement. There can be no assurance that current and forecasted cash from operations will be sufficient to fund operations. To date, we have chosen to use our existing cash resources to fund both the construction on our Emeryville facility and film production costs. We may continue to use our cash resources for such expenditures, or may choose to finance such capital expenditures through issuance of additional equity or debt securities, by obtaining a credit facility or by some other financing mechanism.
Contractual Obligations. At April 3, 2004, we had contractual commitments to make payments under operating leases. Payments due under these long-term obligations are as follows (in thousands):
Payments Due by Period |
||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | 1-3 | 3-5 | More than | |||||||||||||||||
Total |
1 Year |
Years |
Years |
5 Years |
||||||||||||||||
Operating lease obligations |
$ | 1,201 | $ | 662 | $ | 481 | $ | 58 | $ | | ||||||||||
Total |
$ | 1,201 | $ | 662 | $ | 481 | $ | 58 | $ | | ||||||||||
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of April 3, 2004, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In April 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) determined that stock-based compensation should be recognized as a cost in the financial statements and that such cost be measured according to the fair value of the stock options. The FASB has not as yet determined the methodology for calculating fair value and plans to issue an accounting standard that would become effective in 2005. We will continue to monitor communications on this subject from the FASB in order to determine the impact on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
In December 2003, the Staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 (SAB 104), Revenue
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Recognition, which supersedes SAB 101, Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements. SAB 104s primary purpose is to rescind accounting guidance contained in SAB 101 related to multiple element revenue arrangements, superseded as a result of the issuance of EITF 00-21, Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables. Additionally, SAB 104 rescinds the SECs Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements Frequently Asked Questions and Answers (the FAQ) issued with SAB 101 that had been codified in SAB Topic 13, Revenue Recognition. Selected portions of the FAQ have been incorporated into SAB 104. While the wording of SAB 104 has changed to reflect the issuance of EITF 00-21, the revenue recognition principles of SAB 101 remain largely unchanged by the issuance of SAB 104. The adoption of SAB 104 in December 2003 did not materially affect our revenue recognition policies, or our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
In March 2004, the FASBs Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached a consensus on Issue No. 03-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments. Issue No. 03-1 states that companies carrying debt and equity securities at amounts higher than the securities fair values will soon have to use more detailed criteria to evaluate whether to record a loss and will have to disclose additional information about unrealized losses. Issue No. 03-1 is effective for reporting periods beginning after June 15, 2004 and the disclosure requirements are effective for annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2004. We believe the adoption of EITF No. 03-1 will not have a material effect on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
Risk Factors
The following is a discussion of certain factors that currently impact or may impact our business, operating results and/or financial condition. You should carefully consider these factors before making an investment decision with respect to our Common Stock.
Our operating results are primarily dependent on the success of our feature films, and forecasting is extremely difficult.
For the remainder of 2004, our revenue and operating results will be largely dependent upon (1) the timing and amount of worldwide revenues and distribution costs for The Incredibles, Finding Nemo, Monsters, Inc., and to a lesser extent, the titles in our film library, (2) the timing, accuracy and sufficiency of the information we receive from Disney to determine revenues and associated gross profits, (3) the timing and amount of non-film related revenues and expenses, (4) the accuracy of our assumptions and judgments used to estimate certain revenues and associated gross profits, (5) the market price of our Common Stock and related volatility, (6) potential delays in the release date of The Incredibles, (7) the terms of our next distribution arrangement and (8) external socioeconomic and political events that are beyond our control.
Dependence on revenue from our feature films.
Under the current Co-Production Agreement, which governs our relationship with Disney regarding the Pictures, Pixar and Disney share equally in the profits of our animated feature films after Disney recovers its distribution fee and its marketing and distribution costs. Distribution costs include worldwide theatrical release costs, costs related to merchandise, Disneys costs to market and distribute home videos in the United States and foreign markets, Disneys distribution fee, and other distribution costs including talent participation and residuals. We remain dependent on the timing, accuracy and sufficiency of the information provided by Disney.
For our business to be successful, our films must achieve box office success. While we have been successful in the release of our first five feature films, this level of success is highly unusual in the motion picture industry, and our future releases may not achieve similar results. For the remainder of fiscal 2004, we will be dependent primarily on the foreign home video sales and worldwide television licensing from Finding Nemo and the worldwide theatrical and merchandising success of our sixth feature film, The Incredibles. In addition, for the remainder of 2004, we expect further contributions from Monsters, Inc. through worldwide television licensing and home video revenues and on-going revenues from our library titles. If The Incredibles, Finding Nemo and Monsters, Inc. do not generate sufficient revenues from these sources, our 2004 results would be adversely affected. To date, we have recognized most of the revenues we expect to recognize over the lifetime of the Toy Story franchise and A Bugs Life.
Forecasting film revenue and associated gross profits from our feature films is extremely difficult.
Although we have experienced a successful track record with the releases of our feature films, it is difficult to predict the worldwide box office success of The Incredibles before its theatrical release on November 5, 2004. Even if The Incredibles experiences a very successful worldwide theatrical run, it is difficult to predict the related home video, television licensing, merchandising and ancillary revenue streams. While customer acceptance is initially measured by box office success, customer acceptance within each follow-on product category, such as home video, merchandise or television, depends on factors unique to each type of product, such as pricing, competitive products, and the time of year or state of the economy into which a product is released, among many other factors. In addition, we have found that the degree of customer acceptance varies widely among foreign countries. While box office success is often a good indicator of general customer acceptance, the relative success of follow-on products is not always directly correlated, and the degree of correlation is difficult to predict.
It is also difficult to forecast the amount of revenues from Finding Nemo, Monsters, Inc. and the titles in our film library. The revenues generated from continued home video and merchandise sales can fluctuate due to various market factors. Because the revenues from films nearing the end of their life cycle tend to be relatively small, minor fluctuations can result in notable variances from our forecast. Both Toy Story and Toy Story 2 domestic home videos are currently subject to a sales moratorium, which began on May 1, 2003. Although this strategy is designed to increase potential sales over the lifetime of a title, to prevent a declining sales price and to support a potentially higher sales price upon re-release, it is difficult to predict the actual impact of this strategy, particularly since these are our first titles to be placed on a sales moratorium, and it may not generate the results we expect in future years.
With respect to the difficulty of forecasting the timing of revenues, Disney distributes our films and film-related products and therefore determines the timing of product releases. While we are targeting to release The Incredibles and Cars theatrically worldwide during the holiday periods of 2004 and 2005, respectively, the specific dates of the international releases will depend on territory-specific factors, such as the local competitive environment and school holidays. In some instances, the holiday period may not be the optimal release window for the films. Therefore,
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the timing of international revenues could span over several months, and the forecasting of such revenues is inherently more difficult.
In addition, the amount of revenue recognized in any given quarter or quarters from all of our films depends on the timing, accuracy, and sufficiency of the information we receive from Disney to determine revenues and associated gross profits. Although we obtain from Disney the most current information available to recognize our share of revenue and to determine our film gross profit, Disney may make subsequent adjustments to the information that it has provided, which could have a material impact on us in later periods. For instance, towards the end of the life cycle for a revenue stream, Disney may inform us, and has in the past informed us, of additional distribution costs to those previously forecasted. Such adjustments have impacted and may continue to impact our revenue share and our film gross profit. In addition, through information we obtain from other sources, we may make certain judgments and/or assumptions and adjust the information we receive from Disney. For example, we also make adjustments to our home video revenues for estimates on return reserves that may differ from those reported by Disney. Disney may provide us with reserve information that may differ substantially from our historical experience with our previous titles. Unless we obtain compelling explanations for such differences, we have and may continue to record reserves more in line with our historical experience. The estimates on reserves may be adjusted in future periods as additional information becomes available, such as actual rates of returns, inventory levels in the distribution channel, as well as other business and industry information.
We also utilize margin normalization, such as with merchandising or home video, in accordance with the provisions of SOP 00-2. This may result in the utilization of budgeted or forecasted information rather than actual costs incurred if it is deemed to be a more accurate reflection of our participation. Similar to return reserves, these expense estimates are reviewed and may be adjusted periodically to ensure the most accurate depiction of our participation is reflected. We also have the right to audit Disneys books and records related to the Pictures according to the terms of the Co-Production Agreement. Additionally, during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2003 and the first quarter of fiscal 2004, our fiscal reporting periods differed from that of Disney. Consequently, it was necessary to use a combination of information from Disney and our own estimates to determine our revenues for the periods between Disneys fiscal period end and ours. Any revenue received in advance from Disney is deferred and recorded as revenue when earned.
Any adjustments resulting from changes to our estimated reserves, margin normalization or updated information from Disney, noted above, could have a material effect on our financial statements in any given quarter or quarters. For example, during fiscal 2002 and 2003, there were a number of adjustments to our earnings resulting from the aforementioned estimates, as well as our reliance on Disney. During fiscal 2002, one-time adjustments to A Bugs Life and Toy Story 2 home video reserves and margins and merchandising revenues had a positive net impact of $0.19 to our diluted net income per share. We also received updated information from Disney in the first quarter of fiscal 2003 which decreased previously recorded home video expenses by $3.2 million for all of our film titles on a cumulative basis. This resulted in an increase of $0.03 to our diluted net income per share for our first quarter of fiscal 2003. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2003, we recognized an adjustment which reduced our Monsters, Inc. domestic home video revenue after we received updated information from Disney, which reflected higher returns of domestic home video than had been originally anticipated. This adjustment reduced our home video revenues by $4.4 million and had a net impact of $0.04 to our diluted net income per share in the second quarter of fiscal 2003. We also received a settlement on Monsters, Inc. merchandise revenue for the third quarter of fiscal 2003, which resulted in an increase of $3.5 million to our revenues and $0.03 to our diluted net income per share.
With respect to capitalized film production costs, our policy is to amortize these costs over the expected revenue streams as we recognize revenues from the associated films. The amount of film costs that will be amortized each quarter depends on how much future revenue we expect to receive from each film. Unamortized film production costs are compared with net realizable value each reporting period on a film-by-film basis. If estimated remaining gross revenues are not sufficient to recover the unamortized film production costs, the unamortized film production costs will be written down to net realizable value. In any given quarter, if we lower our previous forecast with respect to total anticipated revenue from any individual feature film, we would be required to accelerate amortization of related film costs, resulting in lower gross margins. Such lower gross margins would adversely impact our business, operating results, and financial condition.
Forecasting our operating expenses is extremely difficult.
Our operating expenses will continue to be extremely difficult to forecast. We budget the direct costs of the Pictures with Disney, and we share such costs equally. We capitalize our share of direct costs of film production in accordance with SOP 00-2. A substantial portion of all of our other costs is incurred for the benefit of feature films (Overhead), including research and development expenses and general and administrative expenses. Portions of our Overhead are included in the budgets for the Pictures under the Co-Production Agreement, and we share such costs equally with Disney under the Co-Production Agreement. With respect to the portion of our Overhead that is not reimbursed by Disney, we either (1) capitalize such portion as film production costs, if required under SOP 00-2, or (2) charge it to operating expense in the period incurred. Since a substantial portion of our Overhead is related to the Pictures, and is therefore reimbursed by Disney, and since we capitalize other amounts in accordance with SOP 00-2, our reported operating expenses for the first quarter of fiscal 2004 have not reflected, and future reported operating expenses will not reflect, our true level of spending on the production of animated feature films, related products and Overhead. Further, as we continue production of our films beyond the Co-Production Agreement, we expect our operating expenses to continue to increase to the extent that they are not capitalized or shared with Disney.
Film production budgets may increase, and film production spending may exceed such budgets.
Our future film budgets may continue to increase due to factors including, but not limited to, (1) escalation in compensation rates of people required to work on our current projects, (2) number of personnel required to work on our current projects, (3) equipment needs, (4) the enhancement of existing or the development of new proprietary technology and (5) the expansion of our facilities to accommodate the growth of the studio. The budget for The Incredibles and Cars and subsequent films and related products are expected to be greater than the budgets for our previous films. Under the Co-Production Agreement, we will continue to finance the budgets of The Incredibles and Cars equally with Disney. In addition, we have approved for production our first Pixar-only financed film, Project 2006. Due to production exigencies, which are often difficult to predict, it is not uncommon for film production spending to exceed film production budgets, and our current projects may not be completed within the budgeted amounts. In addition, when production of each film is completed, we may incur significant carrying costs associated with transitioning personnel on
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creative and development teams from one project to another. These carrying costs, which are currently shared with Disney and treated as film costs, increase overall production budgets and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
Software revenue.
Our fiscal 2004 earnings are expected to include revenues attributable to non-film related sources including software revenue; however, there can be no assurance as to the timing and amount of such revenues.
Other non-film revenue and expenses.
Our fiscal 2004 earnings are expected to include our forecast of other non-film related sources such as interest income and our effective tax rate. Interest income is difficult to predict and can fluctuate depending on our cash balance as well as external factors beyond our control, such as economic conditions and interest rates available to us during the year. For example, in the first quarter of fiscal 2004, our average cash, cash equivalents and investment balances increased; however, net interest income remained constant compared to the corresponding prior year period due to declining interest rates. Income tax expense may also fluctuate. Our income tax rate for fiscal 2003 approximated statutory rates, and we expect that our income tax rate for fiscal 2004 will also approximate statutory rates; however, our effective tax rate may fluctuate in future periods.
Our operating results have fluctuated in the past, and we expect such fluctuations to continue.
Our revenues fluctuate significantly
We continue to expect significant fluctuations in our future quarterly and annual revenues because of a variety of factors, including the following:
| the timing of the domestic and international theatrical releases of our animated feature films, | |||
| the success of our animated feature films, | |||
| the timing of the release of related products into their respective markets, such as home videos, television, and merchandising, | |||
| the demand for such related products, which is often a function of the success of the related animated feature film, | |||
| Disneys costs to distribute and promote our feature films and related products under the Co-Production Agreement, | |||
| Disneys success at marketing our feature films and related products under the Co-Production Agreement, | |||
| the timing and accuracy of information received from Disney and other sources on which we base estimates of revenue to be recognized from our animated feature films and related products, | |||
| the timing and amount of non-film related revenues, such as the licensing of our software, | |||
| the introduction of new feature films or products by our competitors, | |||
| the final terms of our next distribution arrangement, and | |||
| external socioeconomic and political events that are beyond our control. |
In particular, since our revenue under the Co-Production Agreement is directly related to the success of our animated feature films, our operating results are likely to fluctuate depending on the level of success of our animated feature films and related products. The revenues derived from the production and distribution of an animated feature film depend primarily on the films acceptance by the public, which cannot be predicted and does not necessarily bear a direct correlation to the production or distribution costs incurred. The commercial success of a motion picture also depends upon promotion and marketing, production costs and other factors. Further, the theatrical success of a feature film can be a significant factor in determining the amount of revenues generated from the sale of the related products.
Our operating expenses fluctuate
Operating expenses for the first quarter of fiscal 2004 increased in comparison to the same period in fiscal 2003, and we expect to continue to increase our operating expenses to fund greater levels of research and development, to ramp up to meet the demands of multiple films in production and to expand operations. In addition, we expect our spending levels may increase significantly due to the following:
| continued investment in proprietary software systems, | |||
| continued and potentially increasing competition costs for creative, technical and administrative talent, | |||
| increased costs associated with the expansion of our facilities, | |||
| increased number of personnel required to support studio growth as we have multiple films in parallel production, | |||
| increased investment in creative development and our Pixar-only financed films, |
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| increased proportion of operating expenses previously shared with Disney, and | |||
| increased investment in administrative functions to support our expanding operations. |
A portion of our operating expenses that are allocable to film productions is either capitalized by us or reimbursed by Disney under the Co-Production Agreement. To the extent that we do not capitalize (or Disney does not reimburse) the increases in expenses, our operating expenses will increase in fiscal 2004. In addition, as we increase the resources allocated to our productions beyond our feature film Cars, which is the last film to be co-financed with Disney under the current Co-Production Agreement, we expect our operating expenses to increase significantly.
Our scheduled successive releases of feature films will continue to place a significant strain on our resources.
We have established parallel creative teams so that we can develop more than one film at a time. These teams are currently working primarily on The Incredibles, which is currently scheduled for release on November 5, 2004, and Cars, as well as future projects, including Project 2006, our first Pixar-only financed film, as we move towards producing one feature film per year. We have only produced and released five feature films to date and have limited experience with respect to producing animated feature films in parallel. Due to the strain on our personnel from the effort required for the release of an upcoming film and the time required for creative development of future films, it is possible that we would be unable to release a new film in successive years. In the past, we have been required, and may continue to be required, to expand our employee base, increase capital expenditures and procure additional resources and facilities in order to accomplish the scheduled releases of our animated feature films. This growth and expansion has placed, and continues to place, a significant strain on our resources. We cannot provide any assurances that The Incredibles, Cars, Project 2006 or any future animated film will be released as targeted or that this strain on resources will not have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, John Lasseters availability has been a key ingredient in the successful completion of our prior films. As we move towards achieving one film a year, there has been and will continue to be additional demands placed on his availability. In addition to Mr. Lasseters role as our Executive Vice President, Creative, he is also directing his next feature film, Cars. A lack of his availability may adversely impact the success and timing of our future films.
We continuously implement a variety of new and upgraded operational and financial systems, procedures and controls, including improvement and maintenance of our accounting system, other internal management systems and backup systems. Our growth and these diversification activities, along with the corresponding increase in the number of our employees and our rapidly increasing costs, have resulted in increased responsibility for our management team. We will need to continue to improve our operational, financial and management information systems, to hire, train, motivate and manage our employees, to integrate them into Pixar and to provide adequate facilities and other resources for them. We cannot provide any assurance we will be successful in accomplishing all of these activities on a timely and cost-effective basis. Any failure to accomplish one or more of these activities on a timely and cost-effective basis would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Co-Production Agreement imposes several risks and restrictions on us.
We are dependent on Disney for the distribution and promotion of our feature films and related products.
The decisions regarding the timing of the theatrical release and related products, the marketing and distribution strategy, and the extent of promotional support are important factors in determining the success of our motion pictures and related products. Under the terms of the Co-Production Agreement, Disney is required to market and distribute our feature films in the same manner as their premier animated films, and Disney is required to consult with us with respect to all major marketing and distribution decisions. While Disney is prohibited from distributing potential competing films within certain release collars, we ultimately do not control (1) the manner in which Disney distributes our animated feature films and related products, (2) the number of theaters to which Disney distributes our feature films, (3) the specific timing of release of our feature films and related products or (4) the specific amount or quality of marketing and promotional support of the feature films and related products as well as the associated promotional and marketing budgets. Because Disney co-finances the films developed and produced under the Co-Production Agreement, distributes the films under the Walt Disney Pictures label and enjoys substantial financial benefits in the event that such films achieve significant box office revenues, we believe that Disney desires such films to be successful. Nonetheless, Disney could make certain decisions as to marketing, distribution or promotion of the animated feature films or related products or the marketing and promotion of its own animated or other family films that could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition. In addition, the costs for marketing, distribution and promotion of the films and related products are incurred well in advance of the release of such films and products, and we experience a delay in the receipt of proceeds from such films and products until after Disney recovers such costs. We are also dependent on Disney for receiving accurate information on a timely basis on which we base estimates to recognize revenue and associated gross profit from the animated feature films and related products. If we fail to receive accurate information from Disney, or fail to receive it on a timely basis, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.
Disney has an exclusive arrangement with us.
We have agreed not to release or authorize the release of any of our feature length animated theatrical motion pictures, other than the Pictures, until twelve months from our delivery of the fifth Picture under the Co-Production Agreement. We currently anticipate the delivery of the fifth Picture, Cars, approximately mid-2005. However, now that we have delivered Finding Nemo, we are free to enter into any agreement with any third party for the development, production or distribution of any feature length animated theatrical motion picture (other than the Pictures). In January 2004, we announced that we had ended our discussions with Disney regarding a new arrangement with them for films released beyond Cars. We are currently exploring other alternatives.
We also agreed that we will not develop or produce any rides or attractions for major theme parks not owned or operated by Disney, and to give Disney a right to negotiate with respect to animated television productions or animated made-for-home video productions that we propose to produce during the term of the Co-Production Agreement. Disney, however, is not similarly restricted by the exclusivity provisions that bind us under the Co-
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Production Agreement and, therefore, may develop, produce or distribute other feature length animated and computer animated theatrical motion pictures itself or enter into similar agreements with third parties. However, if Disney produces any derivative works without Pixar, we are entitled to receive passive royalties pursuant to the terms of the Co-Production Agreement. See Risk Factors We experience intense competition with respect to our animated feature films, animation products, and software.
We have an obligation to co-finance production costs.
Under the Co-Production Agreement, we will continue to co-finance The Incredibles and Cars and may co-finance other related products to be developed and produced pursuant to the Co-Production Agreement. We co-financed A Bugs Life, Toy Story 2, Monsters, Inc. and Finding Nemo. We also have approved for production and have begun financing Project 2006, our first Pixar-only financed film. If our feature films and related products do not generate proceeds sufficient to more than offset our share of their production costs, our business, operating results and financial condition will be materially adversely affected.
Disney retains the exclusive distribution and exploitation rights.
We share equally with Disney in the profits of each Picture and any related merchandise after Disney recovers certain costs; however, Disney retains the exclusive distribution and exploitation rights of each Picture, all characters and story elements of each Picture and all related products we develop under the Co-Production Agreement. Accordingly, except in certain specified circumstances, we are not able to exploit or distribute any of our feature films or characters or elements of any of our feature films or related products developed under the Co-Production Agreement without a license from Disney. We cannot provide any assurances that such a license would be available to us on commercially reasonable terms or at all.
Disney can terminate the agreement under various circumstances.
Under the terms of the Co-Production Agreement, Disney may terminate the agreement under certain circumstances. For example, Disney is entitled to terminate the Co-Production Agreement in the event that certain types of competitors directly or indirectly acquire or control a 50% or greater ownership interest in Pixar or Pixar merges or consolidates into such a competitor. Disney would not lose any of its rights to distribute and exploit all feature films and all characters and elements of our feature films and other products we develop under the Co-Production Agreement, except for feature films or related products then in development or production as to which Disney does not elect to proceed, as to which we would regain the rights subject to a lien in favor of Disney for the costs advanced to date. Further, in the event that Disney terminated the Co-Production Agreement, we would be required to seek alternative channels for distribution of our animated feature films and related products.
There are significant risks associated with the motion picture industry.
The completion and commercial success of a motion picture is extremely unpredictable, and the motion picture industry involves a substantial degree of risk. Each motion picture is an individual artistic work, and its commercial success is primarily determined by audience reaction, which is unpredictable. The completion and commercial success of a motion picture also depends upon other factors, such as:
| talent and crew availability, | |||
| financing requirements, | |||
| distribution strategy, including the time of the year and the number of screens on which it is shown, | |||
| the number, quality and acceptance of other competing films released into the marketplace at or near the same time, | |||
| critical reviews, | |||
| the availability of alternative forms of entertainment and leisure time activities, | |||
| piracy and unauthorized recording, transmission and distribution of motion pictures, | |||
| general socioeconomic conditions and political events, | |||
| weather conditions, and | |||
| other tangible and intangible factors. |
All of these factors can change and cannot be predicted with certainty. In addition, motion picture attendance is seasonal, with the greatest attendance typically occurring during the summer and holidays. The release of a film during a period of relatively low theater attendance is likely to affect the films box office receipts adversely. Under the terms of the Co-Production Agreement, Pixar is guaranteed theatrical release either during the summer or holiday period. In addition, due to the expected release of a large number of family films by Disney and other movie studios in the next several years, it is possible that further saturation of the family film market, particularly CGI films, may adversely impact the commercial success of our films, and therefore have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
In order for our feature films and related products to be successful, we must develop appealing creative content.
The success of each animated film developed and produced by us will depend in large part upon our creative teams ability to produce content that will appeal to a broad audience and to develop compelling stories and characters that will achieve broad market acceptance. Traditionally, this process has been extremely difficult. While we have enjoyed worldwide box office success with Toy Story, A Bugs Life, Toy Story 2, Monsters, Inc.,
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and Finding Nemo, there can be no assurance that similar levels of success will be achieved by our subsequent films, including The Incredibles, Cars and Project 2006.
We experience intense competition with respect to our animated feature films, animation products, and software.
Animated Feature Films.
Our animated feature films compete and will continue to compete with family-oriented, animated and live action feature films and other family-oriented entertainment products produced by major movie studios, including Disney (as somewhat limited by the Co-Production Agreement), DreamWorks SKG, Warner Bros., Sony Pictures Entertainment (Sony), Fox Entertainment Group Inc. (Fox), Paramount Pictures (Paramount), Lucasfilm Ltd. (Lucasfilm), Universal Studios, Inc. and MGM/UA, as well as numerous other independent motion picture production companies.
In 2004, competition is expected to continue to intensify in the family-oriented, animated and live action feature film market and may affect the ultimate box office success of The Incredibles, which will be released on November 5, 2004. Some of the family-oriented animated and live action feature films that will be released during the 2004 holiday period that could compete with The Incredibles include the following:
| Shark Tale by Dreamworks, | |||
| J.M. Barries Neverland by Miramax, | |||
| Alexander by Warner Brothers, | |||
| The Polar Express by Warner Brothers, | |||
| SpongeBob SquarePants Movie by Paramount, | |||
| National Treasure by Disney, | |||
| Oceans Twelve by Warner Brothers, | |||
| The Brothers Grimm by Dimension Films, | |||
| Lemony Snickets: A Series of Unfortunate Events by Paramount, and | |||
| The Aviator by Warner Brothers. |
We believe competition from animated feature films and family-oriented feature films may continue to intensify over the next several years, possibly affecting Cars, which is currently targeted for a 2005 holiday release, and Project 2006. Due to a potentially large number of family-oriented films scheduled for release over the next few years, it is possible that the market for these films, whether animated or live action, will become further saturated before we release The Incredibles, Cars and Project 2006. This could result in the failure of such films to achieve the commercial success required for us to profit from such films.
Our films will continue to compete with the feature films of other movie studios for optimal release dates, audience acceptance, and exhibition outlets. In addition, we compete and will continue to compete with other movie studios for the services of performing artists, and the services of other creative and technical personnel, particularly in the fields of animation and technical direction. Some of the other movie studios with which we compete have significantly greater financial, marketing and other resources than we do.
There appears to be increasing widespread acceptance for CGI animated films. In 2004, a significant increase is expected in the number of CGI animated films to be released, a trend that could carry through 2005 and beyond. Animated feature films currently in production that are primarily CGI include Shrek 2, Shark Tale, Madagascar, Chicken Little, The Polar Express, A Day With Wilbur Robinson, Over the Hedge, Jimmy Neutron 2, Robots, Ice Age 2 and Valiant, among others. Disney is also considering developing and producing feature-length CGI-animated films based on classic fairy tales, such as Rapunzel Unbraided. In addition to box office and home video competition, other family-oriented films may continue to compete with Monsters, Inc. and Finding Nemo, as well as our film library with respect to related television, merchandise, and other future revenue sources.
Furthermore, due to the recent success of CGI-animated films, several movie studios have developed their own internal computer animation capability, which may be used for special effects in animated films and live action films. For example, DreamWorks SKG successfully produced Antz in 1998, Shrek in 2001 and is scheduled to release Shrek 2 and Shark Tale in 2004. In addition, Fox successfully produced, through its subsidiary Blue Sky, Ice Age, which was released in March 2002. Other movie studios may internally develop, license or sub-contract three-dimensional animation capability, or enter into co-production agreements with other studios capable of developing and producing three-dimensional CGI-animated films. Further, we believe that continuing enhancements to commercially available computer hardware and software technology have lowered and will continue to lower barriers to entry for studios or special effects companies which intend to produce computer-animated feature films or other products. For example, SGIs subsidiary licenses Maya, which is its next generation three-dimensional software for creating high quality animation and visual effects. Maya incorporates many new features and could be used to make a computer-animated feature film.
The Co-Production Agreement provides that we will develop and produce five original computer-animated feature films. Because Disney co-finances the films developed and produced under the Co-Production Agreement, distributes the films under the Walt Disney Pictures label and enjoys financial benefits in the event that such films achieve significant box office revenues, we believe that Disney desires such films to be successful. Nonetheless, during its long history, Disney has been a very successful producer and distributor of its own animated feature films. While
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the Co-Production Agreement imposes restrictions prohibiting Disney from releasing G-rated films, whether live action or animated, within certain release windows from our films, it is likely that other family-oriented motion pictures distributed by Disney or its affiliates will overlap in the market and compete with our animated feature films. For example, Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl, which was released July 9, 2003, Spy Kids 3D: Game Over, which was released on July 25, 2003 and Freaky Friday, which was released on August 6, 2003, competed directly with Finding Nemo for domestic theatrical market share this past summer. The home video releases of Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl and Freaky Friday have also competed with Finding Nemo in the worldwide home video market. We expect the theatrical release of J.M. Barries Neverland by Miramax on October 22, 2004 and National Treasure on November 24, 2004 to compete with the worldwide theatrical release of The Incredibles. Beyond Cars, Disney may begin to release their movies during our release windows. This could have an adverse impact on the commercial success required for us to profit from future films. Our contractual arrangement with Disney also presents other risks. See Risk Factors The Co-Production Agreement imposes several risks and restrictions on us.
Computer Graphics Special Effects Firms.
We also expect to compete with computer graphics special effects firms, including ILM, Rhythm & Hues/VIFX, Tippett Studios, WETA Digital, Digital Domain, and Sony Pictures Imageworks. These computer graphics special effects firms may be capable of creating their own three-dimensional computer animated feature films or may produce three-dimensional computer-animated feature films for movie studios that compete with us. For example, ILM has already created and produced three-dimensional character animation which was used for several central characters in the live action film Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones, and ILM has a royalty-free, paid-up license to use our RenderMan® software and to obtain at no cost all enhancements and upgrades thereto. Other computer graphics special effects firms have licensed or may license RenderMan®. Accordingly, our RenderMan® software may not provide us with a competitive advantage. We also compete, or may in the future compete, with the above firms with respect to animation products other than feature films.
Software Publishers.
We also experience competition with respect to our RenderMan® software product. In particular, we compete with makers of computer graphics imaging and animation software, principally Alias (owned by SGI), Discreet (a division of Autodesk), Mental Images GmbH and Avid Technologies. Mental Images, Avid and Alias are each marketing competing rendering software products, usually at lower prices than the price at which we offer RenderMan®. SGI has licensed several of our patents that cover certain rendering techniques and may therefore be better able to market products that compete with our RenderMan® software. Under appropriate circumstances, we might elect to license our rendering technology patents to other companies, some of which may compete with us. In addition, as PCs become more powerful, software suppliers may also be able to introduce products for PCs that would be competitive with RenderMan® in terms of price and performance for professional users. In addition, there have been advances in graphics processing unit technology that may impinge on the market for software rendering solutions. Faster and lower cost graphic cards provide capability for users to produce pictures of higher complexity than previously available.
We expect competition to persist, intensify and increase in each of our business areas in the future. Some of our current and potential competitors have longer operating histories, larger installed customer bases and significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do. There can be no assurance that we will be able to compete successfully against current or future competitors. Such competition could materially adversely affect our business, operating results or financial condition.
Our success depends on certain key employees.
Our success depends to a significant extent on the performance of a number of senior management personnel and other key employees, especially our film directors, producers, animators, creative personnel and technical directors. In particular, we are dependent upon the services of Steve Jobs, John Lasseter, Edwin E. Catmull, Simon Bax, Sarah McArthur and Lois Scali. We do not currently have key person life insurance for any of our employees. We do have an employment agreement with Mr. Lasseter, who has been fundamental to Pixars relationship with Disney; however, such employment agreement does not necessarily assure the services of Mr. Lasseter. Moreover, although it is standard in the motion picture industry to rely on employment agreements as a method of retaining the services of key employees, we have not required our employees, other than Mr. Lasseter, to enter into employment agreements. The loss of the services of any of Messrs. Jobs, Lasseter, Bax, Dr. Catmull, Ms. McArthur, Ms. Scali or of other key employees, especially our film directors, producers, animators, creative personnel and technical directors, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.
Our Chief Executive Officer has divided responsibilities.
Pixars Chief Executive Officer and Chairman, Steve Jobs, is also Chief Executive Officer at Apple Computer, Inc. Although Mr. Jobs spends time at Pixar and is active in our management, he does not devote his full time and resources to Pixar.
To be successful, we need to attract and retain qualified personnel.
Our success continues to depend to a significant extent on our ability to identify, attract, hire, train and retain qualified professional, creative, technical and managerial personnel. Competition for the caliber of talent required to make our films, particularly our film directors, producers, animators, creative personnel and technical directors, will continue to intensify as more studios build their in-house CGI-animation or special effects capabilities. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in identifying, attracting, hiring, training and retaining such personnel in the future. If we were unable to hire, assimilate and retain qualified personnel in the future, particularly film directors, producers, animators, creative personnel and technical directors, such inability would have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
We face various distribution risks with respect to our feature films.
Under the Feature Film Agreement and the Co-Production Agreement, Disney is required to distribute the animated feature films in a manner
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consistent with those of Disneys premier animated films. Currently, distribution of our films generally includes (1) worldwide theatrical exhibition, (2) worldwide home video sales, (3) worldwide television licensing, including Pay-Per-View, pay television, network, basic cable and syndication, (4) non-theatrical exhibition, such as airlines, schools and armed forces facilities and (5) marketing of other rights of the picture, which may include licensing of merchandise, such as toys, interactive games and soundtrack recordings. Although the Co-Production Agreement provides us with some protection, we cannot provide any assurances that our feature films made under the Co-Production Agreement will be distributed through all of these outlets.
Although we have enjoyed a tremendously successful track record with our first five feature films, we cannot provide any assurances that our future films will enjoy the same level of success. Currently, Disney shares the financial risks associated with the production of our films under the Co-Production Agreement by financing 50% of the production costs. In addition, under the Co-Production Agreement, Disney is responsible for financing 100% of the costs related to the marketing and distribution of the films. In the event that a film does not generate sufficient revenues to offset such costs, Pixar is not responsible for any losses Disney incurs. However, because we anticipate to finance 100% of the production costs of our films under any future distribution agreement, we expect to bear all of the financial risks associated with a future films production costs. In addition, we cannot provide any assurances that future distribution agreements will provide us with our current level of risk minimization related to the financing of marketing and distribution expenses. In addition, as additional entrants emerge in the animation marketplace, there may be increased competition for distribution partners.
We have a limited operating history.
Until 1996, we had generated recurring revenue primarily from the license of our RenderMan® software, amounts we received under software development contracts and fees for animated television commercial development. We expect to generate a substantial majority of our future revenue from the development and production of animated feature films and related products, as we have since 1996. We have, to date, developed, produced and released only five animated feature films, Toy Story, A Bugs Life, Toy Story 2, Monsters, Inc., and Finding Nemo. Accordingly, we have a limited operating history in implementing our business model upon which an evaluation of our prospects can be based. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by companies in the early stages of a business enterprise, particularly companies in highly competitive markets. To address these risks, we must, among other things, respond to changes in the competitive environment, continue to attract, retain and motivate qualified persons, and continue to upgrade our technologies. We cannot provide any assurances that we will be successful in addressing such risks.
Our current and future commitments may have an adverse impact on our cash balances.
We are currently co-financing our remaining two unreleased Pictures, The Incredibles and Cars pursuant to the Co-Production Agreement. We are also solely financing Project 2006. In the future, we may co-finance other derivative works such as sequels and television productions. The future development and production costs of The Incredibles, Cars, Project 2006 and films beyond, and any future expansion of our studio and headquarters in Emeryville, California, may have an adverse impact on our cash and investment balances. We expect to fully finance the production costs of films for release after Cars. As of April 3, 2004, we had approximately $541.9 million in cash, cash equivalents and investments. We believe that these funds, along with cash provided by operating activities, will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures, and the development and production costs of The Incredibles and Cars, as well as development and production costs for Project 2006. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Liquidity and Capital Resources. To date, we have chosen to use our existing cash resources to fund film production costs and construction costs. We may continue to use our cash resources for such expenditures, or may choose to finance such capital expenditures through issuance of additional equity or debt securities, by obtaining a credit facility or by some other financing mechanism. The sale of additional equity or convertible debt securities would result in additional dilution to our shareholders. Moreover, we cannot provide any assurances that we will be successful in obtaining future financing, or even if such financing is available, that we will obtain it on favorable terms or on terms providing us with sufficient funds to meet our obligations and objectives.
We depend on our proprietary technology and computer systems for the timely and successful development of our feature films and related products.
We cannot provide any assurances that we will not experience difficulties that could delay or prevent the successful development or production of future animated feature films or other related products. Among other things, because we are dependent upon a large base of software and a large number of computers for the development and production of our animated feature films and related products, an error or defect in the software, a failure in the hardware or a failure of the backup processes could result in a significant delay in one or more productions in process which, in turn, could result in potentially significant delays in the release dates of our feature films or other products. In the past we have experienced minor delays as a result of such matters. Significant delays in production and significant delays in release dates could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition. Further, because we rely mostly on internally developed software, we would not be able to rely upon assistance from third parties in the event that the software fails.
A single shareholder owns a large percentage of our outstanding stock.
Our Chief Executive Officer, Steve Jobs, beneficially owns approximately 53.4% of our outstanding Common Stock as of April 3, 2004. As a result, Mr. Jobs, acting alone, is able to exercise sole discretion over all matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election of the entire board of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions, including an acquisition of Pixar. Such concentration of ownership may also have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of Pixar, impeding a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business combination involving Pixar, or discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of Pixar.
Business interruptions could adversely affect our operations.
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Our operations are vulnerable to interruption by fire, earthquake, power loss, telecommunications failure and other events beyond our control. Although we have developed certain plans to respond in the event of a disaster, there can be no assurance that they will be effective in the event of a specific disaster. Our facilities in the State of California have in the past and may in the future be subject to electrical blackouts as a consequence of a shortage of available electrical power. In the event of a short-term power outage, we have installed UPS (uninterrupted power source) equipment to protect our RenderFarm and other sensitive equipment, along with two 1.5 Megawatt backup generators; however, a long-term power outage could disrupt our operations. Prices for electricity have in the past risen dramatically and may increase in the future. An increase in prices would increase our operating costs, which could in turn adversely affect our profitability. We do not carry earthquake insurance for earthquake related losses and although we carry business interruption insurance for other potential losses, there can be no assurance that such insurance will be sufficient to compensate us for losses that may occur and any losses or damages incurred by us could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Terrorist activities and resulting military and other actions could adversely affect our business.
The continued threat of terrorism within the United States and abroad, military action and heightened security measures in response to such threats, as well as other socioeconomic and political events, may cause significant disruption to commerce, including the entertainment industry, throughout the world. For example, the terrorist attacks in New York and Washington, D.C. on September 11, 2001 disrupted commerce throughout the United States and Europe. Such disruption in the future could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Work stoppages could adversely impact our operations.
Although none of our employees are represented by a labor union, it is common for film directors, producers, animators and actors at film production companies to belong to a union. There can be no assurance that our employees will not join or form a labor union or that we, for certain purposes, will not be required to become a union signatory. We may be directly or indirectly dependent upon certain union members, and work stoppages or strikes organized by such unions could materially adversely impact our business, financial condition or results of operations. For example, many of the actors who provide voice talent for the Pictures and Derivative Works are members of the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) and/or the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA) and the current SAG and AFTRA contract expires June 30, 2005. If a work stoppage did occur, it could delay the completion of our films and have a material adverse effect on our business operating results or financial condition.
To be successful, we will need to continuously enhance our existing proprietary technology and develop new technology.
Substantially all of our revenues have been derived, and substantially all of our future revenues are expected to be derived, from the use and license of our proprietary technologies. We expect that we will be required to enhance these technologies and to develop new technologies in order to be successful in our industry and in the licensing of our RenderMan® software. We cannot provide any assurances that we will be successful in enhancing our existing technologies or in developing and utilizing new technologies, or that competitors will not develop technology that is equivalent or superior to our technologies or that makes our technologies obsolete. If we are unable to develop enhancements to our existing technologies or new technologies as required, or if the costs associated with developing those technologies continue to increase, our business, operating results or financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
There are various risks associated with our proprietary rights.
Our efforts to protect our proprietary technologies may not succeed.
Our success and ability to compete is dependent in part upon our proprietary technology. While we rely on a combination of patents, copyright and trade secret protection, nondisclosure agreements and cross-licensing arrangements to establish and protect our proprietary rights, we believe that factors such as the technical and creative skills of our personnel are more essential to our success and ability to compete. We currently have twenty-eight patents in force in the United States and fourteen patents in force in foreign countries. In addition, we have a number of patent applications pending in the United States and in foreign countries. We cannot provide any assurances that patents will issue from any of these pending applications or that, if patents do issue, any claims allowed will be sufficiently broad to protect our technology. In addition, we cannot provide any assurances that any patents that have been issued to us, or that we may license from third parties, will not be challenged, invalidated or circumvented, or that any rights granted thereunder would provide us with any proprietary protection. Failure of the patents to provide protection of our technology may make it easier for our competitors to offer technology equivalent to or superior to our technology. We generally enter into confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, consultants and vendors, and generally control access to and distribution of our software, documentation and other proprietary information. Despite these precautions, it may be possible for a third party to copy or otherwise obtain and use our proprietary information, products or technology without authorization, or to develop similar or superior technology independently. Policing unauthorized use of our products is difficult and expensive. In addition, effective copyright, patent and trade secret protection may be unavailable or limited in certain foreign countries. We generally rely on electronically delivered software licenses that include an electronic acceptance by the purchaser, which may be unenforceable under the laws of certain jurisdictions. We cannot provide any assurances that the steps we take will prevent misappropriation of our technology or that our confidentiality or license agreements will be enforceable.
Enforcing our proprietary rights may require litigation.
Litigation may be necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets, to protect our patents, to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others, or to defend against claims of infringement or invalidity. Any such litigation could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.
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Others may assert infringement claims against us.
One of the risks of the film production business is the possibility of claims that our productions infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties with respect to previously developed films, stories, characters or other entertainment. In addition, our technology and software may be subject to patent, copyright or other intellectual property claims of third parties. We have received, and are likely to receive in the future, claims of infringement of other parties proprietary rights. There can be no assurance that infringement or invalidity claims (or claims for indemnification resulting from infringement claims) will not be asserted or prosecuted against us, or that any assertions or prosecutions will not materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. Irrespective of the validity or the successful assertion of such claims, we would incur significant costs and diversion of resources with respect to the defense thereof, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. If any claims or actions are asserted against us, we may seek to obtain a license under a third partys intellectual property rights. We cannot provide any assurances, however, that under such circumstances a license would be available on reasonable terms or at all.
Third-party technology licenses may not continue to be available to us in the future.
We also rely on certain technology that we license from third parties, including software that we integrate and use with our internally developed software. We cannot provide any assurances that these third-party technology licenses will continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms. The loss of, or inability to maintain any of these technology licenses could result in delays in feature film releases or product releases until equivalent technology could be identified, licensed and integrated. Any such delays in feature film releases or product releases could materially adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
The market price of our Common Stock has been volatile in the past, and we expect such volatility to continue.
The market price of our Common Stock is highly volatile and is subject to wide fluctuations in response to a wide variety of factors, including the publication of box office results for our feature films and those of our competitors, fluctuations in our quarterly or annual results of operations, changes in financial estimates by securities analysts, announcements made by us, Disney, or our competitors, budget increases, delays in or cancellation of feature film or other product release dates, speculation about the negotiation of terms or conditions of our next distribution arrangement, or socioeconomic, political or other factors. For example, during fiscal 2003, our Common Stock closed as low as $50.19 and as high as $74.20 per share. Moreover, in recent years, the stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations, some of which have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performances of the companies affected. These broad market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our Common Stock. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a companys securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against such a company. If brought against Pixar, such litigation could result in substantial costs and a diversion of managements attention and resources, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.
As described in Risk Factors Our operating results have fluctuated in the past, and we expect such fluctuations to continue, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations may not be necessarily meaningful. Accordingly, you should not rely on our annual and quarterly results of operations as any indication of future performance. In addition, it is possible that in some future period our operating results will be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors or the guidance we have provided. In such event, the price of our Common Stock may be materially adversely affected. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Our reported financial results could be affected if significant changes in current accounting principles are adopted.
Recent actions and public comments from the SEC have focused on the integrity of financial reporting generally. Similarly, Congress has considered a variety of bills that could affect certain accounting principles. The FASB and other regulatory accounting agencies have recently introduced several new or proposed accounting standards, such as accounting for stock options, some of which represent a significant change from current practices. Changes in our accounting for stock options could materially increase our reported expenses.
We are subject to risks caused by the availability and cost of insurance.
Changing conditions in the insurance industry have affected most areas of corporate insurance. These changes have equated to higher premium costs, higher deductibles and lower insurance coverage limits. Due to these factors, we have elected to self-insure certain risks. For example, we do not carry earthquake insurance due to its high cost; however, our primary facility in Emeryville, California was designed to withstand a 7.0 Richter scale magnitude earthquake with minimal structural damage to the building.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Investment Portfolio. We invest in a variety of investment grade, interest-bearing securities, including fixed rate obligations of corporations and national governmental entities and agencies. This diversification of risk is consistent with our policy to ensure safety of our principal and maintain liquidity. We only invest in securities with maturities of 24 months or less, with only government obligations exceeding 12 months. Our investments are primarily fixed rate obligations and carry a certain degree of interest rate risk. A rise in interest rates could adversely impact the fair market value of these securities.
All of our financial instruments are held for purposes other than trading and are considered available for sale per SFAS 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. The table below provides information regarding our investment portfolio at April 3, 2004. The table presents principal cash flows and related weighted-average fixed interest rates presented by expected maturity date (dollars in thousands):
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Less than 1 Year |
Over 1 Year |
Total |
||||||||||
Available-for-sale securities |
$ | 242,848 | $ | 246,660 | $ | 489,508 | ||||||
Weighted-average interest rate |
2.29 | % | 1.97 | % | 2.13 | % |
Impact of Foreign Currency Rate Changes. Disney and its affiliates distribute our products in foreign markets; therefore, we are not directly exposed to foreign currency rate fluctuations. We recognize revenues from foreign territories based on an average foreign currency exchange rate used by Disney for revenue reporting. This rate may differ from the actual exchange rate at the time cash is remitted to Disney and subsequently to us. Therefore, there may be some indirect foreign currency exchange rate exposure as managed by Disney.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. Our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Pixar is regularly subject to certain legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. Many of these have not yet been fully adjudicated. In the opinion of management, Pixar does not have a potential liability related to any current legal proceedings and claims that would have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, liquidity or results of operations. However, the results of legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty. Should Pixar fail to prevail in any of these legal matters or should several of these legal matters be resolved against Pixar in the same reporting period, the operating results of a particular reporting period could be materially adversely affected.
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) Exhibits
Exhibit 31.1
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
Exhibit 31.2
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
Exhibit 32.1
|
Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
(b) Reports on Form 8-K The following current report on Form 8-K was filed by Pixar during Pixars first fiscal quarter ended April 3, 2004: Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 4, 2004, furnishing pursuant to Item 12 Pixars press release regarding its financial results for the fourth quarter and year ended January 3, 2004.
Items 2, 3, 4 and 5 are not applicable and have been omitted.
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
PIXAR | ||
By: | /s/ ANN MATHER | |
Ann Mather | ||
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer and Duly Authorized Officer) |
Date: May 13, 2004
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit | ||
Number |
Description |
|
31.1
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a), as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.1
|
Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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