UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2004

OR

Commission File No. 0-30900

XO Communications, Inc.

11111 Sunset Hills Road
Reston, Virginia 20190
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(703) 547-2000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [X] NO [  ]

     Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.). YES [X] NO [  ]

APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE
PRECEEDING FIVE YEARS:

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13, or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. YES [X] NO [  ]

     As of May 3, 2004, the number of shares of common stock of XO Communications, Inc. issued and outstanding was 136,553,035 (excluding 45,380,000 shares of common stock deposited into escrow pending the consummation of our acquisition of the assets of Allegiance Telecom, Inc.).

XO Communications, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Index to Form 10-Q

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

XO Communications, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Amounts in thousands, except for share and per share data)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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XO Communications, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Amounts in thousands, except for share and per share data)
(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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XO Communications, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Amounts in thousands)
(Unaudited)

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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XO Communications, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

     (a) Basis of Presentation

     The condensed consolidated financial statements of XO Communications, Inc. (“XO Parent”) and its subsidiaries (together with its predecessors, collectively referred to as the “Company” or “XO”) are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with guidelines established for interim financial statements by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (the “Commission”) instructions to Form 10-Q and generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States for complete financial statements. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2004 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any subsequent quarterly period, or for the year ending December 31, 2004. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all the adjustments (consisting of those of a normal recurring nature) considered necessary to present fairly the financial position and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States applicable to interim periods. The accompanying financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of XO, included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003 (the “2003 Annual Report”).

     (b) Principles of Consolidation

     The Company’s consolidated financial statements include all of the assets, liabilities and results of operations of subsidiaries in which the Company has a controlling interest. All inter-company accounts and transactions among consolidated entities have been eliminated.

     (c) Use of Estimates and Assumptions

     The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Management periodically assesses the accuracy of these estimates and assumptions. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

     (d) Net Income (Loss) Per Share

     Net income (loss) per common share, basic and diluted, is computed by dividing net income (loss) applicable to common shares by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. In periods of net loss, the assumed common share equivalents for options and warrants are anti-dilutive, and are therefore not included in the weighted average shares balance on the consolidated statement of operations. As of March 31, 2004, the Company has options outstanding to purchase approximately 9.8 million shares of common stock of which 3.6 million are exercisable and exercisable warrants to purchase shares up to an additional 23.75 million shares of common stock that can further dilute investors, if exercised.

     (e) Stock-Based Compensation

     As allowed by SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation-Transition and Disclosure,” (“SFAS No. 148”), the Company has chosen to continue to account for compensation cost associated with its employee stock plan in accordance with the intrinsic value method prescribed by APB No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” (“APB No. 25”) adopting the disclosure-only provisions of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” (“SFAS No. 123”). Under this method, no compensation expense is recorded if stock options are granted at an exercise price equal to or greater than the fair market value of the Company’s stock on the grant date.

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If the Company had adopted the fair value method of accounting for its stock awards, stock-based compensation would have been determined based on the fair value for all stock awards at the grant date using a Black-Scholes pricing model and the following weighted average assumptions:

     The Company’s pro forma net loss, and pro forma net loss per common share, basic and diluted, if the Company had used the fair value method would have been as follows (dollars in thousands, except per share data):

     The XO Communications, Inc. 2002 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2002 Stock Incentive Plan”) was adopted in January 2003. Under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan, the Company is authorized to issue awards for up to 17.6 million shares of its common stock in the form of restricted stock or options to purchase stock. The Company granted a total of 643,882 options during the quarter ended March 31, 2004.

     In June 2003, XO filed a registration statement covering the offer and sale of stock options and stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) to be granted in conjunction with the 2003 Employee Retention and Incentive Plan (the “Retention Plan”) for an aggregate award of 1.9 million shares of its common stock. During the quarter ended March 31, 2004, XO granted 324,720 options and 18,999 SARs under the Retention Plan.

     (f) Comprehensive Loss

     Comprehensive loss includes the Company’s net loss applicable to common shares, as well as net unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments. The following table reflects the Company’s calculation of comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 (dollars in thousands):

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2. PENDING BUSINESS COMBINATION

     On February 19, 2004, the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York approved the Asset Purchase Agreement entered into on February 18, 2004 between the Company, Allegiance Telecom, Inc. and Allegiance Telecom Company Worldwide (“Allegiance”). Allegiance and its direct and indirect subsidiaries had been in bankruptcy since May 14, 2003. Allegiance is a facilities-based national local exchange carrier that provides integrated telecommunications services to business, government and other institutional users in 36 major metropolitan areas across the United States. Allegiance’s service offerings include voice, data, and integrated communications services. Under the Asset Purchase Agreement, XO will purchase all of Allegiance’s local exchange carrier businesses (the “Acquired Businesses”) for approximately $311.0 million of cash and 45.4 million shares of XO common stock. The amount of cash consideration may be adjusted based on changes in the Acquired Businesses’ working capital, customer base, or assumed bankruptcy cure amounts, as provided in the Asset Purchase Agreement. XO will not acquire Allegiance’s customer premises installation and maintenance business, their shared hosting business, or their dedicated dial-up access service business.

     Upon the beginning of the bid process in February 2004, the Company placed into escrow a deposit of $30.0 million under a purchase price escrow agreement with Allegiance that served as an earnest money deposit on the purchase. Upon the receipt of certain regulatory approvals, on April 13, 2004 (the “Early Funding Date”) the Company placed into escrow the additional cash consideration of $282.5 million and the common stock consideration for the purchase of the Acquired Businesses. On the Early Funding Date, XO entered into an operating agreement that allows it to manage and fund the Acquired Businesses. Closing under the Asset Purchase Agreement is anticipated to occur following the receipt of state regulatory approvals and the confirmation of Allegiance’s Plan of Reorganization which is currently expected to be in June 2004. Upon closing, the consideration in escrow will be distributed and XO will take title to the Acquired Businesses. The Company also purchased $36.4 million of unsecured Allegiance debt securities with a face value of $92.5 million during the first quarter of 2004. After Allegiance’s Plan of Reorganization is confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court and becomes effective, XO will be entitled to receive its pro rata share of the distribution made to unsecured creditors. Both the deposit and debt security payments are included in other long-term assets in the accompanying balance sheet.

     The consolidated results of Allegiance, as disclosed in their 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2003 and 2002 are shown in the table below. As noted above, XO will only be acquiring a substantial portion of the consolidated business. The information given below is presented for information purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of future operations (dollars in thousands):

3. MARKETABLE SECURITIES

     The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of the investment securities available-for-sale as of March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, are as follows (dollars in thousands):

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     Debt securities as of March 31, 2004 mature in 2007.

4. LONG-LIVED ASSETS

     XO’s long-lived assets include property and equipment, fixed wireless licenses, and identifiable intangible assets to be held and used. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated useful lives of telecommunications networks and acquired bandwidth are 3 to 20 years and 5 to 7 years for furniture fixtures, equipment and other. These useful lives are determined based on historical usage with consideration given to technological changes and trends in the industry that could impact the network architecture and asset utilization. Costs of additions and improvements are capitalized and repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. Direct external and internal costs of constructing property and equipment are capitalized including interest costs related to construction.

     Property and Equipment

     Property and equipment consisted of the following components (dollars in thousands):

     Depreciation expense related to property and equipment for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 was $19.2 million and $19.9 million respectively. Assets classified as construction-in-progress are not being depreciated as they are not currently ready for their intended use.

     Broadband Wireless Licenses and Other Intangibles

     Broadband wireless licenses and other intangible assets consisted of the following components (dollars in thousands):

     Amortization expense related to intangible assets for each of the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 was $6.5 million. As of March 31, 2004, approximately $23.5 million of fixed wireless

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licenses are not being amortized as commercial services have not been deployed in the license’s geographic area.

5. RESTRUCTURING CHARGES

     As of March 31, 2004, the remaining restructuring accrual resulting from restructuring of the Company’s business operations initiated in prior years including divesting the Company’s European operations, reducing the Company’s discretionary spending, capital expenditure and workforce was $55.3 million, which relates primarily to payments due to landlords on exited leased facilities. The restructuring accrual has decreased from $60.0 million as of December 31, 2003, primarily due to $4.1 million in payments associated with exited leased facilities.

6. LONG-TERM DEBT

     The Company has a secured credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) which matures on July 15, 2009. There are no additional borrowings available under the Credit Facility. At March 31, 2004, long-term debt of $339.2 million and $6.7 million of accrued interest that, if not paid, converts to principal, was outstanding on the Credit Facility. There are no current debt service requirements since cash interest payments as well as automatic and permanent quarterly reductions on the principal amount outstanding do not commence until 2009. However, in the event that consolidated excess cash flow (as defined in the Credit Facility) for any fiscal quarter during the term of the agreement is greater than $25 million, at the request of the lender, the Company will pay an amount equal to 50% of such excess cash flow greater than $25 million toward the reduction of outstanding indebtedness. In addition, if the ratio of XO’s consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization to interest expense for the four consecutive quarters exceeds 4:1, XO would be required to pay cash interest, unless waived by the lenders.

     The security for the Credit Facility consists of all assets of XO Parent, including the stock of its direct and indirect subsidiaries, and the assets of virtually all of those subsidiaries. The Credit Facility limits additional indebtedness, liens, dividend payments and certain investments and transactions, and contains certain covenants with respect to EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) requirements and maximum capital expenditures. The Company was required to achieve a minimum consolidated EBITDA loss of not more than $12.0 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2004. Prior to the end of the first quarter of 2004, the lender waived the applicability of the minimum consolidated EBITDA covenant for the two fiscal quarters ending March 31, 2004 and June 30, 2004. Actual consolidated EBITDA loss for the quarter ended March 31, 2004 was $17.6 million. The Company is also required under the terms of the Credit Facility to maintain an unrestricted cash balance of $25 million at the end of March 31, 2004 and each fiscal quarter thereafter during the term.

     At March 31, 2004, more than 90% of the underlying loans of the Credit Facility are held by an entity controlled by Mr. Carl C. Icahn, Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors (“Mr. Icahn”). As discussed above, the Company is not required to pay cash interest accrued on the principal amount under the Credit Facility until it meets certain financial ratios; however, the Company can elect to begin paying interest in cash prior to the required date. Loans under the Credit Facility bear interest, at the Company’s option, at an alternate base rate, as defined, or a Eurodollar rate plus, in each case, applicable margins. Once the Company begins to pay accrued interest in cash, the applicable margins are reduced. At March 31, 2004, the annualized weighted average interest rate applicable to outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility was 7.5%.

7. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

     Pursuant to the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, the Company has the authority to issue 1,000.0 million shares of Common Stock and 200.0 million shares of undesignated preferred stock. As of March 31, 2004, approximately 136.5 million shares of its Common Stock had been issued, more than 60% of which were owned by entities controlled by Mr. Icahn.

     The Company initiated a rights offering (the “Rights Offering”) during the fourth quarter of 2003 offering 40.0 million shares of its common stock at a price of $5.00 per share. The Rights Offering closed on January 5, 2004. An aggregate of 39.7 million shares were issued, yielding net proceeds of

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$197.6 million. Subsequent to closing, these net proceeds were used to pay down the Company’s Credit Facility.

8. OPERATING SEGMENTS

     Reportable Segments

     The Company operates its business as one telecommunications segment. The Company’s communications segment includes all of its products and services including data, voice, integrated voice and data, and other services. These services have similar network operations and technology requirements and are sold through similar sales channels to a similar targeted customer base. Therefore, the Company manages these services as a single segment that are sold in geographic areas, or markets, within the United States, or that are sold to customers with a presence across geographical markets.

     Products and Services

     The Company classifies its products and services revenues offered by its communications services segment into voice services, data services, integrated voice and data services, and other services (dollars in thousands):

9. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

     Various entities controlled by Mr. Icahn hold the following interests in XO:

     In addition, entities controlled by Mr. Icahn have acquired an option to purchase 6.25 million additional shares of XO’s Common Stock from Franklin Mutual Advisors, LLC at a strike price of $4.25 per share, which expires June 21, 2004.

     As a result of his majority ownership, Mr. Icahn can elect all of our directors, appoint the members of the committees of our Board of Directors, appoint key members of our executive management team, and appoint our auditors. Currently, Mr. Icahn is Chairman of the Board of Directors and three employees of Icahn Associates also sit on the Board of Directors and various Committees of the Board of Directors. Under applicable law and XO’s Certificate of Incorporation and by-laws, certain actions cannot be taken without the approval of holders of a majority of our voting stock, including, without limitation, mergers, acquisitions, the sale of substantially all our assets, and amendments to our Certificate of Incorporation and by-laws.

     Mr. Icahn, through various entities that he owns or controls, has the right to require XO to register, under the Securities Act of 1933, shares of XO’s Common Stock held by such entities and to include shares of XO’s Common Stock held by them in certain registration statements filed by XO.

     Dixon Properties, LLC (“Dixon”), which is controlled by Mr. Icahn, owns the building in which XO’s headquarters is located. XO currently leases approximately 170,000 square feet of space in that building. Pursuant to the lease agreement, XO has paid $1.0 million in lease rent to Dixon for the quarter ended March 31, 2004 and XO is obligated to pay approximately $14.7 million to Dixon through the expiration of the initial term of the lease, which is November 30, 2007.

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     XO has entered into a Tax Allocation Agreement, dated January 16, 2003, between XO and Starfire Holding Corporation (“Starfire”), the parent entity of the affiliated group of corporations controlled by Mr. Icahn. XO and Starfire will file consolidated returns during the period in which Mr. Icahn’s ownership of XO was equal to or greater than 80%, as required by the Internal Revenue Code. Upon the closing of the Rights Offering in January 2004, Mr. Icahn’s ownership percentage fell below 80%. Consequently, XO will no longer be included as part of Starfire’s consolidated group after January 2004. Upon deconsolidation, the Tax Allocation Agreement generally provides that Starfire will reimburse XO each year going forward for the excess of XO’s actual income tax expense over the income tax that would have been owed if the net operating losses or other tax attributes used in prior periods by the Starfire consolidated group excluding XO, if any, were still available to XO.

     The Company provides certain telecommunications services to companies affiliated with Mr. Icahn. For each of the quarters ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, the total revenue recognized on such services affiliated with Mr. Icahn was approximately $0.2 million. During the quarters ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, the Company has purchased approximately $0.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively, in services from Icahn affiliates. During the quarter ended March 31, 2004, the Company purchased $0.1 million in hardware and services from Dell Computers, Inc. Mr. Adam Dell, an XO director, is the brother of Mr. Michael Dell, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Dell Computers.

10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

     Legal Proceedings

     XO is involved in lawsuits, claims, investigations and proceedings consisting of commercial, securities, tort, and employment matters, which arise in the ordinary course of business. In addition, disputes with respect to general unsecured claims and two administrative expense claims against XO in the aggregate amount of approximately $23.0 million remain pending from XO’s 2002 Chapter 11 proceedings. In accordance with SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies,” XO makes a provision for a liability when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. XO believes it has adequate provisions for any such matters. XO reviews these provisions at least quarterly and adjusts these provisions to reflect the impacts of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and events pertaining to a particular case. Litigation is inherently unpredictable. However, XO believes that it has valid defenses with respect to legal matters pending against it. Nevertheless, it is possible that cash flows or results of operations could be materially affected in any particular period by the unfavorable resolution or disposition of one or more of these contingencies.

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-looking and Cautionary Statements

     Some statements and information contained in this document are not historical facts, but are “forward-looking statements,” as such term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believes,” “expects,” “plans,” “may,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” or “anticipates” or the negative of these words or other variations of these words or other comparable words, or by discussions of strategy that involve risks and uncertainties. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding:

•		our services, including the development and deployment of data products and services based on IP, Ethernet and other technologies and strategies to expand our targeted customer base and broaden our sales channels;
•		the operation of our network and back office systems, including with respect to the development of IP protocols;
•		liquidity and financial resources, including anticipated capital expenditures, funding of capital expenditures and anticipated levels of indebtedness; and
•		trends related to and expectations regarding the results of operations in future periods, including but not limited to those statements set forth in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations below.

     All such forward-looking statements are qualified by the inherent risks and uncertainties surrounding expectations generally and also may materially differ from our actual experience involving any one or more of these matters and subject areas. The operation and results of our business also may be subject to the effect of other risks and uncertainties in addition to the relevant qualifying factors identified in the “Liquidity Assessment” discussions set forth below and the “Risks and Uncertainties” discussion and the “Risk Factors” section of our 2003 Annual Report, including, but not limited to:

•		general economic conditions in the geographic areas that we are targeting for the sale of telecommunications services;
•		the ability to achieve and maintain market penetration and average per customer revenue levels sufficient to provide financial viability to our business;
•		the quality and price of similar or comparable telecommunications services offered, or to be offered, by our current or future competitors; and
•		future telecommunications-related legislation or regulatory developments and the conduct of incumbent carriers in reaction to such developments.

Overview

     We provide a comprehensive array of voice and data communications services to business customers. Our voice services include local and long distance services, both bundled and standalone, other voice-related services such as conferencing, domestic and international toll free services and voicemail, and transactions processing services for prepaid calling cards. Our data services include Internet access, private data networking, including dedicated transmission capacity on our networks, virtual private network services, Ethernet services, and web hosting services. We also combine many of these services in flat rate service packages. These services are offered to a variety of customers, including small, medium and large retail businesses, multi-location businesses and carrier or wholesale customers.

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     To serve our customers’ broad and expanding telecommunications needs, we operate a network comprised of a series of rings of fiber optic cables located in the central business districts of numerous metropolitan areas, which we refer to as metro fiber networks, that are connected primarily by a network of numerous dedicated wavelengths of transmission capacity on fiber optic cables, which we refer to as an intercity network. By integrating these networks with advanced telecommunications technologies, we are able to provide a comprehensive array of telecommunications services primarily or entirely over a network that we own or control, from the initiation of the voice or data transmission to the point of termination, which we refer to as end-to-end service. This capability enables us to provide telecommunications services between customers connected to our network and among customers with multiple locations primarily or entirely over our network.

     With the acquisition of substantially all of Allegiance’s network assets and customer base discussed below, XO will become one of the nation’s largest competitive independent providers of national local telecommunications and broadband services. The company will own one of the largest network of nationwide connections to the RBOCs’ networks, more than any other competitive local exchange carrier, or CLEC, and will double its Points of Presence (PoPs) within the 36 metropolitan areas where both XO and Allegiance operate. We believe that this extensive network will allow the combined company to (i) improve delivery of service to customers (ii) reduce network costs (iii) improve operating results and (iv) improve our ability to compete with other companies in the nationwide local telecommunications services market.

Recent Events

     Announcement of Acting Chief Financial Officer appointment

     On April 14, 2004, we announced that we had appointed William Garrahan as Acting Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Garrahan replaces Wayne Rehberger, who has taken the position of Chief Operating Officer of XO. From July 2001 to March 2004, Mr. Garrahan served as our Vice President and Senior Vice President, Corporate Development and Strategic Planning. From September 1996 to February 2001, he was Senior Vice President with Lehman Brothers in its equity research department.

     Pending Business Combination

     On February 19, 2004, the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York approved the Asset Purchase Agreement by and between XO, Allegiance Telecom, Inc. and Allegiance Telecom Company Worldwide, collectively referred to as Allegiance. Allegiance and its direct and indirect subsidiaries had been in bankruptcy since May 14, 2003. Allegiance is a facilities-based national local exchange carrier that provides integrated telecommunications services to business, government and other institutional users in 36 major metropolitan areas across the United States. Allegiance’s service offerings include voice, data, and integrated communications services. Under the Asset Purchase Agreement, XO will purchase all of Allegiance’s local exchange carrier businesses, referred to as the Acquired Businesses, for approximately $311.0 million in cash and 45.4 million shares of XO common stock. The amount of cash consideration may be increased or decreased, based on changes in the Acquired Businesses’ working capital, customer base, or assumed bankruptcy cure amounts, provided in the Asset Purchase Agreement. We currently estimate that the purchase price could increase by as much as $25.0 million based on the resolution of certain outstanding items. XO will not acquire Allegiance’s customer premises installation and maintenance business, their shared hosting business, or their dedicated dial-up access service business.

     The assets of the Acquired Businesses consist primarily of:

•		switching and routing equipment, located both in current Allegiance facilities and in facilities operating by one or more incumbent local exchange carriers;
•		physical points of presence in the form of network operations centers, data centers, central offices, and sales offices located in 36 major metropolitan areas;
•		customer and sales agreements and receivables that constitute a majority of Allegiance’s voice and data revenues;
•		leased intercity and metro fiber network capacity that is both redundant to and expansive of XO’s current network; and
•		billing, provisioning, and other back-office information technology platforms.

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     Upon the beginning of the bid process, in February 2004 we placed into escrow a deposit of $30.0 million under a purchase price escrow agreement with Allegiance that served as an earnest money deposit on the purchase. Upon the receipt of specified regulatory approvals, on April 13, 2004, the Early Funding Date, we placed into escrow the additional cash of $282.5 million and the common stock consideration for the purchase of the Acquired Businesses. On the Early Funding Date, we entered into an operating agreement that allows us to manage and fund the Acquired Businesses. Closing under the Asset Purchase Agreement is anticipated to occur following state regulatory approvals and the confirmation of Allegiance’s Plan of Reorganization, which we currently expect to occur in June 2004. Upon closing, the consideration in escrow will be distributed and we will take title to the Acquired Businesses.

Comparison of Financial Results

     The operational results of XO for the three months ended March 31, 2004 are discussed below. Because the acquisition of Allegiance is expected to close in the second quarter of 2004, forward looking information for XO’s stand alone business is not deemed indicative of future trends and is not provided below. However, forward looking information with respect to the combined company of XO and Allegiance is discussed at the end of the financial results analysis. Our actual experience may differ materially from our projections of the combined company, based on many factors including, among others:

•		there are inherent uncertainties in projecting future results for any business, and we have only been managing the Acquired Businesses since April 13, 2004 under the terms of an operating agreement approved by the Bankruptcy Court, which further limits our ability to make accurate projections;
•		we may not successfully integrate the Acquired Businesses as efficiently as expected; and
•		while Allegiance’s consolidated financial position and results of operations have been audited, stand alone financial information with respect to the Acquired Businesses is not audited.

     Three Months Ended March 31, 2004 versus Three Months Ended March 31, 2003

     Revenue. Total revenue for the three months ending March 31, 2004 decreased 8.8% to $260.9 million from $286.1 million in the same period of 2003. Customer churn of 2.4% during 2003 exceeded acquisition revenue, particularly in the carrier customer base due to downsizing network requirements and competitive pricing pressures. Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2004, was relatively consistent with revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2003 of $261.0 million, as commercial offerings to middle market businesses have begun to show slight growth.

     Based on our preliminary review and analyses and our initial role in managing Allegiance, we believe that on a pro forma basis, the annualized revenue of the combined company will be approximately $1.5 billion. If current business and industry trends continue, we would expect that the revenue for the combined company will be relatively stable during the year following the acquisition, although it may fluctuate quarter to quarter. This projection could be negatively impacted if we do not successfully integrate the Acquired Businesses’ customers, billing systems and sales forces.

     Revenue for XO services was earned from providing the following services (dollars in thousands):

     Voice services revenue includes revenue from local and long distance voice services, prepaid calling card processing, and other voice telecommunications based services, interactive voice response services and stand-alone long distance services. Voice services revenue in the first quarter of 2004

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decreased to $130.9 million from $150.7 million for the same period of 2003 but was relatively stable with fourth quarter 2003 results of $131.6 million. The year over year decrease is primarily attributable to carrier customer declines driven by churn from competitive pricing pressures. In addition, as costs for services declined we reduced our prices for certain services. Finally, the FCC mandated certain rate reductions in carrier access billings.

     Data services revenue includes revenue from Internet access, network access and web applications hosting services. Data services revenue in the first quarter of 2004 decreased to $92.9 million from $102.0 million for the same period of 2003 but was relatively stable with fourth quarter 2003 results of $92.4 million. The majority of the year over year decline was attributable to carrier customer churn due to network downsizing.

     Integrated voice and data services revenue is generated largely from our XOptions service offerings, a flat-rate bundled package offering a combination of voice and data services. Integrated voice and data services in the first quarter of 2004 increased to $37.1 million from $33.4 million for the same period in 2003, but was relatively stable with fourth quarter 2003 results of $37.0 million.

     Costs and expenses. The table below provides costs and expenses by classification and as a percentage of revenue (dollars in thousands):

     Cost of service. Cost of service includes expenses directly associated with providing telecommunications services to our customers. Cost of service includes, among other items, the cost of connecting customers to our networks via leased facilities, the costs of leasing components of our network facilities and costs paid to third party service providers for interconnect access and transport services. Cost of service for the three months ended March 31, 2004 increased in absolute dollars and increased as a percentage of revenue compared to the same period in 2003. The absolute dollar increase is due to increased customer volume. The increase as a percentage of revenue was due primarily to reduced revenue resulting from pricing reductions discussed above with no offsetting direct expense reductions.

     Based on our preliminary review and analyses and our initial role in managing the Acquired Businesses we believe that, on a pro forma basis, cost of service as a percentage of revenue for the combined company will increase initially, since the Acquired Businesses has a higher cost of service as a percentage of revenue than XO. We believe that if our integration of the combined company’s networks succeeds as expected, that this percentage will decrease thereafter and should approximate XO historical levels by the end of 2004. We estimate a potential benefit of approximately $60.0 million in annual cost of service expense synergies if our integration efforts are successful. Cost of service as a percentage of revenue will be adversely impacted if we do not successfully integrate the Allegiance networks and systems in a timely manner.

     Selling, operating and general. Selling, operating and general expense includes expenses related to sales and marketing, internal network operations and engineering, information systems, general corporate office functions and collection risks. Selling, operating and general expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2004 was $168.6 million or 64.6% of revenue compared to $166.2 million or 58.1% of revenue for the quarter ended March 31, 2003. Selling, operating and general expense increased in absolute dollars due to increased levels of temporary contract labor required to fully implement new back office systems and procedures, offset by savings from headcount reductions in the network operations, sales and information technology groups, and the renegotiation of certain contracts. The increase in selling, operating and general expense as a percentage of revenue for the quarter ended March 31, 2004 when compared to the percentage for fiscal 2003 results is due to the large reduction of revenues due to price reductions discussed above, with no associated offsetting direct expense reductions.

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      Based on our preliminary review and analyses and our inital role in managing the Acquired Businesses, on a pro forma basis we expect that selling, operating and general expense for the combined company will increase in absolute dollars, but decrease as a percentage of revenue by the end of 2004 as we integrate the organizations. We estimate a potential benefit of approximately $100.0 million in annual selling, operating and general expense synergies if our integration efforts are successful. This projection would be adversely affected if we do not successfully integrate the Acquired Businesses.

     Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation expense decreased to $19.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004, compared to $19.9 million for the same period in 2003. The decrease is due to certain IT systems becoming fully depreciated in late 2003. Amortization expense includes the amortization of fixed wireless licenses and other intangible assets with definite useful lives. Total amortization expense remained constant at $6.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. As of March 31, 2004, we had approximately $87.4 million of construction-in-progress plus $23.5 million of fixed wireless licenses that are not currently ready for their intended use or placed into service and, accordingly, are not currently being depreciated or amortized.

     Depreciation and amortization expense will increase, as the Acquired Businesses include a significant amount of fixed assets. In addition, as we will apply SFAS 141, “Business Combinations”, we may identify intangibles within the Acquired Businesses not previously recorded by Allegiance.

     Investment income, net. Investment income for the three months ended March 31, 2004 decreased to $1.4 million from $3.2 million for the same period in 2003. The decrease in investment income is due primarily to reduced interest rates on lower invested balances.

     Interest expense, net. Interest expense, net includes interest expense on debt and capital leases, less any amounts capitalized for construction efforts. The majority of interest expense in 2004 is non-cash as the Credit Facility allows for accrued interest to be converted into principal if unpaid. Interest expense, net for the quarter ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 was $6.6 million and $9.7 million, respectively. The significant reduction for 2004 was due to the repayment of outstanding principal under the Credit Facility with the proceeds of the Rights Offering in January 2004. During the three months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, XO capitalized interest on construction costs of $0.9 million and $0.7 million, respectively.

Critical Accounting Policies

     Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in the notes to the consolidated financial statements in our 2003 Annual Report. The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions regarding uncertainties that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Management uses historical experience and all available information to make these judgments and estimates and actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions that are used to prepare our financial statements at any given time. Despite these inherent limitations, management believes that Management’s Discussion and Analysis and the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and footnotes provide a meaningful and fair perspective of our financial condition and our operating results for the current period. Management believes the following critical accounting policies represent the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

     Long-Lived Assets

     Our long-lived assets include property and equipment, fixed wireless licenses, and identifiable intangible assets to be held and used. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated useful lives of telecommunications networks and acquired bandwidth are 3 to 20 years and 5 to 7 years for furniture fixtures, equipment and other. These useful lives are determined based on historical usage with consideration given to technological changes and trends in the industry that could impact the network architecture and asset utilization. This latter assessment is significant because we operate within an industry in which new technological changes could render some or all of our network related equipment obsolete requiring application of a

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shorter useful life or, in certain circumstances, a write-off of the entire value of the asset. Accordingly, in making this assessment, we consider our planned use of the assets, the views of experts both from internal and outside sources regarding the impact of technological advances and trends in the industry on the value and useful lives of our network assets. Costs of additions and improvements are capitalized and repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. Direct external and internal costs of constructing property and equipment are capitalized including interest costs related to construction.

     Investments in broadband wireless licenses are amortized over the license period of 10 years as determined by the Federal Communications Commission. In order to receive an extension on the original license term from the FCC, we are required to show substantial service in the license area within ten years of being licensed. Failure to meet this requirement could result in forfeiture of the license. Approximately $23.5 million in book value of these licenses have not yet been placed into service. Had these licenses been in service during the first quarter of 2004, amortization expense would have increased by approximately $1.1 million. If we fail to show substantial service in the licensed geographic area at the end of the original ten year period and are not granted an extension or renewal from the FCC, we would forfeit the right to offer such services in that market, and write-off the impaired asset. XO is evaluating recent improvements in the price and performance of broadband wireless equipment, and is developing a plan to meet the FCC’s substantial service test in all its licensed areas before the licenses are due for renewal proceedings.

     Other intangibles consist of customer relationships, internally developed technology and XO’s trade name. The customer relationships and internally developed technology are being amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of three years. The XO trade name was determined to have an indefinite life and is not being amortized, but is reviewed at least annually for impairment, as required under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 142 “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” or SFAS No. 142.

     Depreciation or amortization of the long-lived asset begins when the asset is substantially complete or placed into service.

     Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount should be addressed pursuant to SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” or SFAS No. 144. The criteria for determining impairment for long-lived assets to be held and used is determined by comparing the carrying value of these long-lived assets to management’s best estimate of future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. We believe that no impairment existed under SFAS No. 144 as of December 31, 2003. In the event that there are changes in the planned use of our long-lived assets or our expected future undiscounted cash flows are reduced significantly, our assessment of our ability to recover the carrying value of these assets under SFAS No. 144 could change.

     Revenue Recognition

     Revenues from telecommunications services are recognized when the services are performed, evidence of an arrangement exists, the fee is fixed and determinable and collectibility is probable. In circumstances when these criteria are not met, revenue recognition is deferred until resolution occurs. For example, if a customer files for protection under bankruptcy, we believe the probability of collection is weakened. Consequently, under such circumstances, although we continue to bill the customer for all services provided, we do not recognize revenue until cash is received. In addition, telecommunications customers often dispute the amounts that we invoice them due to regulatory issues, late payment fees, and early termination charges based on differences of opinion regarding contract terms or service levels. Accordingly, as these billings are not considered fixed and determinable and collection of such amounts is not considered probable while these amounts are disputed, revenue recognition is deferred until the dispute is resolved and the cash is collected.

     Service discounts and incentives related to telecommunications services are recorded as a reduction of revenue when granted or ratably over a contract period. Fees billed in connection with customer installations and other non-recurring fees are deferred and recognized ratably over the

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estimated customer life. The estimated customer life is calculated by analyzing customer disconnects as a percentage of revenue. This calculation is reviewed every quarter.

     We establish an allowance for collection of doubtful accounts and other sales credit adjustments. Allowances for sales credits are established through a charge to revenue, while allowances for doubtful accounts are established through a charge to selling, operating and general expenses. We assess the adequacy of these reserves monthly by considering general factors, such as the length of time individual receivables are past due, historical collection experience, the economic and competitive environment, and changes in the credit worthiness of our customers. As considered necessary, we also assess the ability of specific customers to meet their financial obligations to us and establish specific valuation allowances based on the amount we expect to collect from these customers. We can and have experienced material changes to our reserve requirements on a month to month basis as significant customers have in the past unexpectedly filed for bankruptcy or otherwise became insolvent. We believe that our established valuation allowances were adequate as of March 31, 2004. If circumstances relating to specific customers change or economic conditions worsen such that our past collection experience and assessment of the economic environment are no longer valid, our estimate of the recoverability of our trade receivables could be changed. If this occurs, we would adjust our valuation allowance in the period the new information is known.

     Cost of Service

     Cost of service includes expenses directly associated with providing telecommunications services to customers, including, among other items, the cost of connecting customers to our networks via leased facilities, the costs of leasing components of our network facilities and costs paid to third party providers for local access and transport services. All such costs are expensed as incurred. We accrue for the expected costs of services received from third party telecommunications providers during the period the services are rendered. Invoices received from the third party telecommunications providers are often disputed due to billing discrepancies. We accrue for all invoiced amounts, even amounts in dispute, as these amounts represent contingent liabilities that are considered probable and measurable. Disputes resolved in our favor may reduce cost of service in the period the dispute is settled and typically reflect costs paid in prior periods. As the period of time required to resolve these types of disputes often lapses over several quarters, the benefits associated with the favorable resolution of such disputes normally are realized in periods subsequent to the accrual of the disputed invoice.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

     Capital Resources and Liquidity Assessment

     During the quarter ended March 31, 2004, our operating activities used net cash of $34.9 million, our investing activities used net cash $75.4 million, and our financing activities provided net cash of $2.2 million. Our balance of cash and cash equivalents decreased to $370.5 million at March 31, 2004 from $478.6 million at December 31, 2003.

     On April 14, 2004, we transferred the final cash installment of $282.5 million into an escrow account as part of the total consideration for the Acquired Businesses. After the acquisition, we expect that the combined company will continue to use cash for operating and investing activities, but at a reduced rate as compared to our first quarter results.

     Based on current trends, our preliminary review and analyses, and our initial management of the Acquired Businesses, after funding the Allegiance acquisition, we believe we have sufficient cash to fund our needs through to the point we expect to become free cash flow positive, in 2005. However, our cash could be negatively impacted if there is a material purchase price adjustment, if we are not successful in properly integrating XO and the Acquired Businesses in a timely manner, if we see unexpected customer losses during the integration period, if integration costs are higher than expected or if there are further downturns in the industry or the economy. In addition, we continue to investigate potential acquisitions to add additional scale and synergies to our business. Effecting any such acquisitions would likely require additional cash. For all

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of these reasons we are currently considering raising additional capital through the issuance of debt and/or equity securities.

     We raised net proceeds of $197.6 million in January 2004 upon the consummation of our Rights Offering, and applied these proceeds to the outstanding balance on the credit facility, reducing the amount outstanding from $536.8 million as of December 31, 2003 to $339.2 million. We have no current debt service requirements since cash interest payments as well as automatic and permanent quarterly reductions of the principal amount outstanding under the Credit Facility do not commence until 2009. There are no additional borrowings available under our Credit Facility. However, in the event that consolidated excess cash flow (as defined in the Credit Facility) for any fiscal quarter during the term of the agreement is greater than $25.0 million, at the request of the lender, XO will pay an amount equal to 50% of such excess cash flow greater than $25.0 million toward the reduction of outstanding indebtedness. In addition, if the ratio of our consolidated earnings before interest, taxes depreciation and amortization for the four consecutive quarters exceeds 4:1, we would be required to pay cash interest, unless waived by the lenders.

     Our Credit Facility limits additional indebtedness, liens, dividend payments and certain investments and transactions, and contains certain covenants with respect to EBITDA requirements and maximum capital expenditures. The Company was required to achieve a minimum consolidated EBITDA loss of not more than $12.0 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2004. Prior to the end of the first quarter of 2004, the lender waived the applicability of the minimum consolidated EBITDA covenant for the two fiscal quarters ending March 31, 2004 and June 30, 2004. Actual consolidated EBITDA loss for the quarter ended March 31, 2004 was $17.6 million. The Company is also required under the terms of the Credit Facility to maintain an unrestricted cash balance of $25.0 million at the end of March 31, 2004 and each fiscal quarter thereafter during the term.

     Credit Risk

     Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of trade receivables. Although our trade receivables are geographically dispersed and include customers in many different industries, a portion of our revenue is generated from services provided to other telecommunications service providers. Several of these companies have filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. We believe that our established valuation and credit allowances are adequate as of March 31, 2004 to cover these risks.

Regulatory Overview

     Overview

     The Telecommunications Act of 1996, or the “Telecom Act”, which substantially revised the Communications Act of 1934, established the regulatory framework for the introduction of competition for local telecommunications services throughout the United States by new competitive independent entrants such as us. Prior to the passage of the Telecom Act, states typically granted an exclusive franchise in each local service area to a single dominant carrier - often a former subsidiary of AT&T known as an RBOC - which owned the entire local exchange network and operated a virtual monopoly in the provision of most local exchange services in most locations in the United States. The Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs), following some recent consolidation, now consist of the following companies: BellSouth, Verizon, Qwest Communications and SBC Communications.

     Among other things, the Telecom Act preempts state and local governments from prohibiting any entity from providing telecommunications service, which has the effect of eliminating prohibitions on entry that existed in almost half of the states at the time the Telecom Act was enacted. At the same time, the Telecom Act preserved state and local jurisdiction over many aspects of local telephone service and, as a result, we are subject to varying degrees of federal, state and local regulation. Consequently, federal, state, and local regulation, and other legislative and judicial actions relating to the telecommunications industry could significantly affect our business.

     We believe that the Telecom Act provided the opportunity to accelerate the development of competition at the local level by, among other things, requiring the incumbent carriers to cooperate with competitors’ entry into the local exchange market. We have developed our business and designed

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and constructed our networks to take advantage of the features of the Telecom Act that require cooperation from the incumbent carriers, and believe that the continued viability of the pro-competitive statutory provisions is critical to the success of the competitive framework contemplated by the Telecom Act.

     Although the Telecom Act and the related rules governing competition issued by the FCC, as well as pro-competitive policies already developed by state regulatory commissions, have enabled new entrants like us to capture a portion of the incumbent carriers’ market share of local services, there have been numerous attempts to limit or eliminate the basic framework for competition in the local exchange services market through a combination of federal legislation, adoption of new rules by the FCC, and RBOC challenges to existing and proposed regulations. We expect these efforts to limit the benefits of the Telecom Act to continue. Successful implementation of our business plan is predicated on the assumption that the basic competitive framework will remain in place.

     Federal Regulation

     The FCC exercises jurisdiction over our telecommunications facilities and services. We have authority from the FCC for the installation, acquisition and operation of our wireline network facilities to provide facilities-based domestic interstate and international services. In addition, we have obtained FCC authorizations for the operation of our LMDS and 39 GHz broadband wireless facilities. Unlike incumbent carriers, we are not currently subject to price cap or rate of return regulation, which leaves us free to set our own pricing policies for end user services subject only to the general federal guidelines that our charges for interstate and international services be just, reasonable, and non-discriminatory. The FCC allows us to file interstate tariffs for interstate access services (rates charged by carriers for access to their networks). The FCC, however, required that, with only minor exception, we withdraw our tariffs for interstate domestic long distance services and international long distance services. We, however, are still required to make the terms, conditions and rates of the detariffed services available to the public on our Company web page, and such terms, conditions, and rates are located at http://www.xo.com/legal/.

     The following is a summary of the interconnection and other rights granted by the Telecom Act that are important for effective local service competition and our belief as to the effect of the requirements, if properly implemented:

•		interconnection with the networks of incumbents and other carriers, which permits our customers to exchange traffic with customers connected to other networks;
•		local loop and transport unbundling, which allows us to selectively gain access at cost-based rates to incumbent carriers’ facilities and wires that connect the incumbent carriers’ central offices and/or customer premises, thereby enabling us to serve customers not directly connected to our networks;
•		reciprocal compensation, which mandates arrangements for local traffic exchange between us and both incumbent and competitive carriers and compensation for terminating local traffic originating on other carriers’ networks, thereby improving our margins for local service;
•		number portability, which allows customers to change local carriers without changing telephone numbers, thereby removing a significant barrier for a potential customer to switch to our local voice services;
•		access to phone numbers, which mandates assignment of new telephone numbers to our customers, thereby enabling us to provide telephone numbers to new customers on the same basis as incumbent carriers; and
•		collocation of telecommunications equipment in incumbent carrier central offices, which enables us to have direct access to unbundled loops and other network elements and facilitates for efficient integration with our switching and other network facilities.

     In January 1999, the U.S. Supreme Court, in a decision that was generally favorable to competitive telephone companies such as us, upheld key provisions of the FCC rules implementing the Telecom Act. In finding that the FCC has general jurisdiction to implement the Telecom Act’s local

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competition provisions, the Court confirmed the FCC’s role in establishing national telecommunications policy, and thereby created greater certainty regarding the rules governing local service competition on a going forward basis.

     Although the rights established in the Telecom Act are a necessary prerequisite to the introduction of full local competition, they must be properly implemented and enforced to permit competitive telephone companies like us to compete effectively with the incumbent carriers. Discussed below are several FCC and court proceedings relating to the application of certain FCC rules and policies that are significant to and directly impact our operations as well as the nature and scope of industry competition.

Unbundling of Incumbent Network Elements

     On August 21, 2003, the FCC released its Triennial Review Order (“TRO”). Under the TRO, our ability to obtain access to certain unbundled network elements (“UNEs”) and incumbent network upgrades may be curtailed or more costly in the future. Also, the TRO delegated to the states the overall responsibility for deciding whether certain unbundled elements should remain available to competitors like us in local markets of each of the respective states. Delegation of these determinations created the risk that some states may decide to limit or eliminate certain unbundled network elements to which we have access today and that we would be faced with different sets of rules and costs if states issue inconsistent decisions.

     The following Triennial Review Order matters directly impact us and many of our competitors:

•		Curtailed Access to Broadband: The TRO adopted new rules that, for certain very small customers restrict competitive carriers from leasing as unbundled elements certain upgrades that the incumbent carriers make to their networks, such as the deployment of new optical fiber or upgrades from copper to optical fiber. For example, a new fiber loop to a very small customer that replaces an existing copper loop could be exempt from unbundling, except that incumbents must continue to unbundle the pre-existing copper loop or provide a voice channel for us on the new fiber loops that is equivalent to the old copper loop. Although the imposition of any restrictions on our access to the incumbents’ broadband networks is not a favorable development for us, we believe that the adverse impact is partially mitigated by the fact that incumbents are required to continue to provide us with basic access to those facilities that we currently lease from them to serve many of our customers.
•		Unbundled Local Loops: The Order made a general, national finding that, with the exception of optical carrier (“OC”) level loops, competitive carriers should have access to unbundled loops of the incumbent carriers at cost-based rates. The states, however, may remove competitive carriers’ access to certain non-OC level high capacity and unlit capacity loops based on the results of specified competitive analyses. Incumbent carriers will no longer be required to provide competitive carriers with access to OC level loops as UNEs. We believe that the net result of these changes will not have a significant impact on us because the access to the vast majority of unbundled loops that we use today will be preserved.
•		Unbundled Dedicated Transport: The TRO has changed the definition of “dedicated transport” in such a way that competitive carriers have to purchase certain transport facilities at higher rates. The TRO maintained unbundled access to many types of transport between incumbent facilities, such as transport between incumbent central offices, but it redefines dedicated transport to eliminate the unbundling of other transport. The TRO also sets forth a test that the states must follow in considering whether certain non-OC level high capacity transport should be available as UNEs in local markets within the states. The FCC also ruled that OC level transport would no longer be available as an unbundled element and that shared transport would be unavailable as an unbundled element in most business markets. We believe that it is likely that this determination will raise our costs for transport services in the future.
•		Enhanced Extended Links and Co-Mingling: The TRO enhances the ability of competitive carriers like us to obtain a combination of unbundled loop and transport elements known as

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		“enhanced extended links”, provided that the underlying loop and transport elements are individually available on an unbundled basis. The FCC created new rules that permit competitive carriers to mix services that they lease from the incumbent carriers. We will now be able to mix incumbent carrier unbundled network elements with services purchased from the wholesale tariff (e.g., switched and special access services) instead of being required to artificially segregate unbundled network elements from such wholesale services. Because we currently lease both wholesale services and unbundled network elements from the incumbent carriers, we believe that these developments will result in cost savings for us.
•		Calculation of Unbundled Element Rates: The TRO will allow incumbent carriers to utilize a higher cost of capital and shorter depreciation lives to establish rates for unbundled elements. We believe that these modifications could raise our costs for leasing unbundled network elements in the future.

     Although the rules adopted by the FCC in the Triennial Review Order became effective on October 2, 2003, many of the requirements imposed by the FCC in the TRO were not self-executing. Accordingly, the FCC made clear that carriers must follow the change of law procedures in their applicable interconnection agreements to implement any TRO requirements that are not self-executing and that carriers must follow the procedures et forth in section 252(b) of the Telecom Act to modify interconnection agreements that are silent as to implementation of changes in law. We have been in negotiations with incumbent carriers to amend our interconnection agreements to implement relevant TRO requirements and to date have executed amendments in several states.

     Several carriers and other entities appealed the FCC’s TRO decision. On March 2, 2004, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit in Washington, D.C. issued its opinion in United States Telecom Association v. FCC, No. 00-1012 (“USTA Decision”). In the USTA Decision, the court reversed and vacated many of the conclusions of the TRO. Specifically, the court found that the FCC improperly delegated to the states the overall responsibility for deciding whether certain unbundled elements should remain available to competitive carriers in each of the respective states. The FCC’s determination in the TRO that competitive carriers should have access to switching platform services as a UNE (“UNE-P”) was vacated by the court. The court also vacated the portions of the TRO which held that competitive carriers should have access to high capacity non-OC level unbundled dedicated transport at cost-based UNE rates. In addition, a number of RBOCs have taken the position that they believe the USTA Decision vacates portions of the TRO holding that competitors should have access to certain non-OC level high capacity loops at cost-based UNE rates although we disagree with this interpretation of the USTA Decision. If the RBOCs prevail on their position, our costs for purchasing high capacity local loops can be expected to increase depending on final determinations by regulatory agencies and/or the courts.

     XO does not rely on ILEC facilities to switch the majority of its customers’ traffic and, therefore, will not be affected by the court’s decision pertaining to UNE-P service. Additionally, with the pending acquisition of Allegiance and its hundreds of collocation sites, we believe XO will lease less unbundled dedicated transport facilities from the ILECs. We expect these factors to help mitigate the effects of any potential increases in the costs of leasing transport capacity that may result if the USTA decision is not further stayed or reversed. Finally, it is our position that incumbent carriers are required to make unbundled network elements impacted by the USTA Decision available at cost-based UNE rates under state and federal laws, independent of the TRO. The USTA Decision has been stayed by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit until June 15, 2004. Parties will seek review of the USTA Decision at the Supreme Court and will also seek a further stay of the decision. If the USTA Decision does go into effect and reverses and vacates large portions of the TRO, our ability to obtain access to certain unbundled network elements and incumbent network upgrades may be curtailed or become more costly in the future. The FCC has urged competitive carriers and incumbent carriers to engage in good faith commercial negotiations to agree upon rates, terms and conditions for the continued availability of UNEs impacted by the USTA Decision. We are engaged in such commercial negotiations with several incumbent carriers but, at this time, cannot predict the outcome of these negotiations or whether they will result in preserving existing UNE rates.

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     Many incumbent carriers will continue to seek to institute follow-on administrative proceedings with the FCC and state regulatory agencies, and lobby the United States Congress, all in an effort to affect laws and regulations in a manner even more favorable to them and against the interests of competitive carriers. At the same time, we anticipate that competitive carriers will endeavor to improve their positions and access to the incumbents’ networks through similar means. The final outcome of the appellate review and implementation process remains unknown at this time, but it is possible that further changes to the rules could adversely affect our cost of doing business by increasing the cost of purchasing or leasing network facilities from the incumbent carriers.

Regulation of the RBOCs’ Ability to Provide Long Distance Service

     The FCC has primary jurisdiction over the implementation of Section 271 of the Telecom Act, which provides that the RBOCs cannot offer in-region long distance services until they have demonstrated that:

•		they have entered into an approved interconnection agreement with a facilities-based competitive telephone company or that no such competitive telephone company has requested interconnection as of a statutorily determined deadline;
•		they have satisfied a 14-element checklist designed to ensure that the RBOC is offering access and interconnection to all local exchange carriers on competitive terms; and
•		the FCC has determined that allowing the RBOC to offer in-region, long distance services is consistent with the public interest, convenience and necessity.

     As of December 15, 2003, the FCC granted all of the RBOCs the authority to provide long distance service in every state in which they operate. All of the RBOCs now have the authority to bundle in-region long distance services with in-region local services. RBOC authorization to provide in-region long distance services could have an adverse affect on our ability to compete if effective post-approval safeguards are not enforced to ensure that the RBOCs continue to comply with the market-opening requirements.

Provision of Broadband Telecommunications Services and Information Services

     Current federal and state regulation places certain restrictions and conditions on the provision of advanced telecommunications services, or broadband services, such as data and DSL services, by the RBOCs. Furthermore, the network elements that RBOCs must make available under the FCC’s unbundling rules to competitors may be used for the provision of broadband services. However, at the urging of the RBOCs and other incumbent carriers, the FCC, in the TRO, appears to have greatly curtailed the extent to which the incumbents must unbundled the broadband portion of their networks for their competitors. The RBOCs continue to push for further deregulation through federal and state legislative efforts. In addition, it is anticipated that deregulatory legislation will be pursued by the RBOCs in Congress. In addition to possible legislation, the FCC has initiated another pending proceeding that could relax incumbent carriers’ obligation to make unbundled network elements that are used for certain broadband or information services available to us. The FCC has issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking entitled “Appropriate Framework for Broadband Access to the Internet Over Wireline Facilities” that requests comments on the proper classification of broadband access services as either regulated telecommunications services or unregulated information services. The TRO decision, in conjunction with a decision in this proceeding, a legislative change or a court ruling further broadening the definition of what constitutes unregulated information services could have the effect of allowing RBOCs to provide terms, conditions and pricing to their own affiliates that provide data or information services that are better than those made available to competitive carriers such as us. Such developments could also be expected to adversely affect our cost of doing business by increasing the cost of purchasing or leasing such facilities from the RBOCs.

Universal Service

     In 1997, the FCC established a significantly expanded federal telecommunications subsidy regime known as “universal service”. Specifically, the FCC established new subsidies for services provided to

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qualifying schools and libraries and rural health care providers, and expanded existing subsidies to low income consumers. Most telecommunications companies, including us, must pay for these programs based on their share of interstate and international telecommunications end user revenues. On March 5, 2004, the Wireline Competition Bureau released a public notice announcing that the proposed universal service contribution factor for the second quarter of 2004 will remain at 8.7 percent. The FCC has taken further steps to modify the system for assessment and recovery of universal service funds. In a December 2002 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, the FCC asked many broad-ranging questions regarding universal service, including whether to change its method of assessing contributions due from carriers by basing it on the number and capacity of connections they provide, rather than on interstate and international end user revenues they earn. At this time, we are unable to predict whether the FCC’s rulemaking or legislative initiatives will increase the size of our subsidy payments, the scope of the subsidy program, or our costs of calculating, collecting and remitting the universal service related payments.

Intercarrier Compensation Reform

     Currently, telecommunications carriers are required to pay other carriers for interstate access charges and local reciprocal compensation charges. These two forms of Intermarried compensation have been under review by the FCC since 2001. The FCC continues to consider a broad order reforming the Intercarrier compensation system and the following specific proceedings also impact Intercarrier compensation issues for us.

     Access Charges. Long distance carriers pay local facilities-based carriers, including us, interstate access charges for both originating and terminating the interstate calls of long distance customers on the local carriers’ networks. Historically, the incumbent carriers set access charges higher than cost and justified this pricing to regulators as a subsidy to the cost of providing local telephone service to higher cost customers. With the establishment of an explicit and competitively neutral universal service subsidy mechanism, however, the FCC is under increasing pressure to revise the current access charge regime to bring the charges closer to the actual cost of providing access. In response, the FCC issued a decision in 2001 setting interstate rates that competitive local carriers charge to long distance carriers at a level that will gradually decrease over three years from a maximum of $0.025 per minute to the rates charged by incumbent carriers. As long as we are in compliance with the FCC’s rate schedule, the FCC’s order forbids long distance carriers from challenging our interstate access rates. Although this FCC decision lowering access charges will reduce our access charge revenues over time, we do not expect that such a reduction will have a material impact on our total revenues or financial position. In 2001, the FCC also issued a declaratory ruling that commercial mobile radio service (“CMRS”) providers are not permitted to collect switched access charges from long distance carriers absent a contract between the parties that imposes a payment obligation on the long distance carrier. In November 2003, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia denied petitions for review of the FCC’s declaratory ruling on CMRS access charges. Sprint PCS and AT&T are currently litigating in federal district court in Missouri the issue of whether, in the absence of a written contract, Sprint PCS can charge AT&T for switched access services. We are unable to determine how the court will ultimately rule; however, if Sprint PCS prevails in this lawsuit against AT&T, it may encourage CMRS providers to attempt to collect switched access charges from us even in the absence of a written contract.

     AT&T Declaratory Ruling Re: VoIP. AT&T petitioned the FCC to find that voice over Internet protocol (“VoIP”) services, including phone to phone services, are exempt from switched access charges. On April 21, 2004, the FCC released an Order denying AT&T’s petition (the “AT&T Order”). The FCC held that an interexchange service that uses ordinary customer premises equipment that originates and terminates on the public switched telephone network, that provides no enhanced functionality, and that undergoes no net protocol conversion, is a telecommunications service and subject to switched access charges. The FCC did not make a determination regarding the retroactive applicability of access charges to the foregoing type of interexchange service. While the AT&T Order addressed a limited fact pattern, the order places interexchange services similar to those VoIP services offered by AT&T in the same regulatory category as traditional telecommunications services and, therefore, subjects such VoIP services to access charges and other regulatory obligations including

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Universal Service fees. Like a growing number of carriers, we utilize Internet protocol technology for the transmission of a portion of our network traffic. The FCC has now made clear that, to the extent such services share the same characteristics as those addressed in the AT&T Order, they will be treated as regulated services subject to access charges going forward. Although the FCC did not rule on the applicability of access charges for services prior to April 21, 2004, the RBOCs may attempt to assert claims against other telecommunications companies including us for the retroactive payment of access charges. On April 22, 2004 SBC Communications filed a collections lawsuit against AT&T seeking retroactive payment of unpaid access charges.

     Vonage Petition. On September 22, 2003, Vonage Holdings, Inc. (“Vonage”) filed a petition requesting that the FCC preempt an order of the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission (“PUC”) requiring Vonage to comply with state laws governing providers of telephone service. The Minnesota PUC decision has been overturned by a Minnesota state court and now Vonage is seeking Federal preemption so that no future rulings of the Minnesota PUC can subject Vonage to state regulation. Vonage provides VoIP origination services to its customers and Vonage claims that it is therefore a provider of information services and not subject to traditional common carrier regulations. Specifically, Vonage asks that the FCC find that certain specific E911 requirements imposed by the Minnesota PUC are in conflict with federal policies. Further, Vonage states that preemption is necessary because of the impossibility of separating the Internet, or any service offered over it, into intrastate and interstate components. Until the FCC issues its ruling, it is unclear how VoIP offerings by XO and other companies will be regulated.

     Level (3) Forbearance Petition. On December 23, 2003, Level(3) filed a petition for forbearance requesting the FCC to forbear from application of interstate or intrastate access charges on Internet protocol (IP) traffic that originates or terminates on the public switched telephone network (PSTN). If the FCC were to rule in Level (3)’s favor, we would expect that there would be reductions in network and regulatory costs associated with the termination of certain IP-to-PSTN and PSTN-to-IP traffic.

     Pulver.Com Ruling. On February 12, 2004, the FCC ruled that Pulver.Com’s Free World Dialup (FWD) offering will remain a minimally regulated VoIP service. The Pulver.com Order made clear that IP-to-IP calls that do not transit over any portion of the PSTN will be largely free of regulation. Almost all of the calls carried by XO do transit some portion of the PSTN.

     FCC VoIP NPRM. On February 12, 2004, the FCC initiated a major proceeding seeking public comment on a variety of issues based on the premise that Internet services and VoIP should remain largely free of regulatory burdens. In connection with this proceeding, the FCC will address VoIP-related Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement (CALEA) issues to address the technical aspects of enabling law-enforcement access to IP-enabled services. At this time it is unclear how, if at all, the FCC will regulate IP-enabled service including VoIP.

     Local Reciprocal Compensation Charges. Local telephone companies such as us that originate traffic that is terminated on the network of other carriers typically compensate the other local carriers for terminating that traffic. These payments flow in both directions between any two carriers. First, when we terminate traffic for another local carrier to a customer on our network, we collect compensation. Second, when we send our customers’ traffic to another carrier for termination, we pay compensation. Some competitors, however, have a customer base that generates many more minutes of terminating traffic from other carriers than originating traffic destined for other carriers. For example, a competitor that has a customer base that has many information service providers typically will have a large amount of compensation being paid to it by other carriers, while it will owe very little reciprocal compensation to other carriers. The FCC revamped the local reciprocal compensation structure in 2001 on an interim basis for three years to eliminate or reduce the opportunity for carriers to take advantage of an imbalance of originating and terminating traffic flows due to traffic terminated to information service providers. The FCC also initiated a rulemaking to examine inter-carrier compensation more comprehensively. Under the decision, at the election of the incumbent carrier, terminating traffic that is out-of-balance by a ratio of more than 3 to 1 can be compensated at a lower rate, or in some cases, at no charge. This ruling allows us to continue to collect reciprocal compensation payments from other carriers since we have an imbalance in the amount of traffic we terminate versus the amount we

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originate. Going forward, an adverse ruling in the general intercarrier compensation reform proceeding could end reciprocal compensation payments and eliminate this line of revenue for us.

     TELRIC Proceeding. On September 10, 2003, the FCC initiated a new proceeding to consider significantly revamping the current Total Element Long Run Incremental Cost (“TELRIC”) methodology used for the pricing of unbundled network elements. An adverse ruling in the new proceeding will allow the incumbent carriers to increase unbundled network element rates and this would raise our costs for leasing unbundled network elements in the future. A decision is expected sometime in 2004. Several State Commissions have also initiated proceedings to review the rate levels that the incumbent carriers charge for unbundled network elements. An adverse ruling in these proceedings would allow the incumbent carriers to increase unbundled network element rates in the applicable state and this would raise our costs for leasing unbundled network elements in the future.

     LMDS Auction. On July 28, 2004, the FCC plans to initiate an auction of spectrum in the 24 GHz band. The 24 GHz band consists of the bands 24.25-24.45 GHz and 25.05-25.25 GHz. Five licenses, each with two paired 40 MHz blocks, will be offered in each of 176 geographic areas. Stations in the 24 GHz Service may render any kind of digital fixed communications service. Auction winners will be required to protect incumbent licensees. Virtually all of the incumbent licenses are held by Teligent, Inc. in a variety of areas throughout the country. The winning bidder for the 24 GHz service may use these stations to provide services in competition with those offered by XO, although the 24 GHz bands consist of less spectrum than that for which XO is licensed to provide LMDS service.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

     We had $345.9 million in secured loans as of March 31, 2004. Currently, we do not pay cash interest on the loans under the Credit Agreement.

     Marketable securities, available for sale, at March 31, 2004 consist primarily of investments in equity and debt securities of publicly-traded companies. The fair value of our investment in equity and debt securities exposes us to market risk; however, if the fair value were to increase or decrease immediately, it would not likely have a material impact on our financial position or our results of operations. We are not currently engaged in the use of off-balance sheet derivative financial instruments, to hedge or partially hedge interest rate exposure nor do we maintain any other off-balance sheet arrangements for the purposes of credit enhancement, hedging transactions, or other financial or investment purposes.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

     The term “disclosure controls and procedures” is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These rules refer to the controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within required time periods. Our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on the evaluation, they have concluded that, as of the end of such period, the controls and procedures were effective at ensuring that required information was accurate and disclosed on a timely basis in our report filed under the Exchange Act.

Changes in Internal Controls

     We maintain a system of internal accounting controls that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that our books and records accurately reflect our transactions and that our established policies and procedures are followed. For the three months ended March 31, 2004, there were no changes to our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

     XO is involved in lawsuits, claims, investigations and proceedings consisting of commercial, securities, tort, and employment matters, which arise in the ordinary course of business. In addition, disputes with respect to general unsecured claims and two administrative expense claims against XO in the aggregate amount of approximately $23.0 million remain pending from XO’s 2002 Chapter 11 proceedings. In accordance with SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies,” XO makes a provision for a liability when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. XO believes it has adequate provisions for any such matters. XO reviews these provisions at least quarterly and adjusts these provisions to reflect the impacts of negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and events pertaining to a particular case. Litigation is inherently unpredictable. However, XO believes that it has valid defenses with respect to legal matters pending against it. Nevertheless, it is possible that cash flows or results of operations could be materially affected in any particular period by the unfavorable resolution or disposition of one or more of these contingencies.

Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds

     None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Securities

     None.

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

     No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the quarter ended March 31, 2004.

Item 5. Other Information

     None.

Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K

(a) Exhibits

(b) Reports on Form 8-K

(1)		On January 8, 2004, XO filed a Current Report on Form 8-K disclosing that XO concluded its $200 million rights offering of 40 million shares of XO common stock, $0.01 par value, at a purchase price of $5.00 per share, yielding gross proceeds to XO of approximately $198.6 million.
(2)		On January 23, 2004, XO filed a Current Report on Form 8-K disclosing that XO had issued all of the 39.7 million shares of XO common stock in accordance with the terms of XO’s Rights Offering that had concluded on January 6, 2004.
(3)		On February 24, 2004, XO filed a Current Report on Form 8-K announcing the order issued by the U.S Bankruptcy court for the Southern District of New York approving that certain Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 18, 2004, by and among Allegiance Telecom, Inc., Allegiance Telecom Company Worldwide, and XO, and the proposed purchase of substantially all of the assets of Allegiance Telecom, Inc. by XO pursuant to the terms thereof.

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(4)

On March 8, 2004, XO filed a Current Report on Form 8-K announcing that XO had issued a press release responding to the decision of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit’s ruling with respect to the FCC “Triennial Review Order” on local telephone competition.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrants have duly caused this report to be signed on their behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	XO Communications, Inc.
Date: May 10, 2004	By:	/s/ William Garrahan
	William Garrahan
	Senior Vice President and Acting Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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