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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

Commission File Number:  0-28389

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

          None.

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

          Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share.

          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

          Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   x

          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act)

          The market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates was $351,733,715 based upon the closing price of $33.20 as quoted on the NASDAQ National Market as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. Solely for purposes of this calculation, directors and officers of the registrant are deemed to be affiliates.

          As of March 13, 2003, there were 11,087,327 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

          Documents Incorporated by Reference:  

          Part III of this Form 10-K incorporates information by reference from the registrant’s definitive proxy statement which will be filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2002.

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Forward Looking Statements

          This Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that are based on assumptions and describe future plans, strategies and expectations of Connecticut Bancshares, Inc. (“CTBS”) and its wholly-owned subsidiary, The Savings Bank of Manchester (“SBM” or the “Bank”), and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”).  These forward-looking statements are generally identified by use of the words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project,” or similar expressions. The Company’s ability to predict results or the actual effect of future plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on the operations of the Company include, but are not limited to, changes in interest rates, general economic conditions, legislative/regulatory changes, monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. Government, including policies of the U.S. Treasury and the Federal Reserve Board, the quality or composition of the loan or investment portfolios, demand for loan products, deposit flows, competition, demand for financial services in the Bank’s market area and accounting principles and guidelines. These risks and uncertainties should be considered in evaluating forward looking statements and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. Subject to applicable laws and regulations, the Company does not undertake – and specifically disclaims any obligation – to publicly release the result of any revisions which may be made to any forward looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of the statements or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events. 

PART I

Item 1. Business.

          CTBS, a Delaware corporation, was organized in October 1999 for the purpose of becoming the holding company for SBM upon the conversion of the Bank’s former parent holding company, Connecticut Bankshares, M.H.C. (“M.H.C.”), from a mutual to stock form of organization (the “Conversion”). The Conversion was completed on March 1, 2000. In connection with the Conversion, the Company sold 10,400,000 shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Common Stock”) at a purchase price of $10.00 per share, to depositors of the Bank in a subscription offering.  In addition, the Company issued an additional 832,000 shares, representing 8.00% of the shares sold in the subscription offering, to SBM Charitable Foundation, Inc., a charitable foundation established by the Bank. The Company does not transact any material business other than through the Bank.  The Company used 50% of the net proceeds from the Conversion to buy all of the common stock of the Bank and retained the remaining 50% which was primarily invested in fixed income securities. 

          On August 31, 2001, the Bank acquired First Federal Savings and Loan Association of East Hartford (“First Federal”) for $106.75 million in cash.  Immediately after the completion of the acquisition, First Federal was merged into the Bank.  The results of First Federal are included in the historical results of the Company subsequent to August 31, 2001. 

          The Bank was founded in 1905 as a Connecticut-chartered mutual savings bank. In 1996, the Bank converted to stock form as part of the M.H.C.’s mutual holding company formation. The Bank is regulated by the Connecticut Department of Banking and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Bank’s deposits are insured to the maximum allowable amount by the Bank Insurance Fund of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) system.

          The Bank is a traditional savings association that accepts retail deposits from the general public in the areas surrounding its 28 full-service banking offices and uses those funds, together with funds generated from operations and borrowings, to originate residential mortgage loans, commercial loans and consumer loans, primarily home equity loans and lines of credit. The Bank primarily holds the loans that it originates for investment. However, the Bank also sells loans, primarily fixed-rate mortgage loans, in the secondary market, while generally retaining the servicing rights. The Bank also invests in mortgage-backed securities, debt and equity securities and other permissible investments. The Bank’s revenues are derived principally from the generation of interest and fees on loans originated and, to a lesser extent, interest and dividends on investment and mortgage-backed securities. The Bank’s primary sources of funds are deposits, principal and interest payments on loans and investments and mortgage-backed securities and advances from the FHLB of Boston.

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          The Company’s internet website is www.sbmct.com. The Company makes available free of charge on or through its website its annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable after the Company electronically files such material with, or furnishes it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Market Area

          The Bank is headquartered in Manchester, Connecticut in Hartford County. The Bank’s primary deposit gathering and lending areas are concentrated in the communities surrounding its 28 banking offices located in Hartford, Tolland and Windham Counties.

          Hartford County is located in central Connecticut approximately two hours from both Boston and New York City and contains the city of Hartford. The region serves as the governmental and as a financial center of Connecticut. Hartford County has a diversified mix of industry groups, including insurance and financial services, manufacturing, service, government and retail. The major employers in the area include several prominent international and national insurance and manufacturing companies, such as Aetna, Inc., The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc., United Technologies Corp., Stanley Works, as well as many regional banks and the Connecticut state government.

Competition

          The Bank faces intense competition in attracting deposits and loans in its primary market area. Historically, the Bank’s most direct competition for deposits came from the several commercial and savings banks operating in its primary market area and, to a lesser extent, from other financial institutions, such as brokerage firms, credit unions and insurance companies. Although these entities continue to provide a source of competition for deposits, the Bank faces increasingly significant competition for deposits from the mutual fund industry as customers seek alternative sources of investment for their funds. The Bank must also compete for investors’ funds which may be used to purchase short-term money market securities and other corporate and government securities. While the Bank faces competition for loans from the significant number of traditional financial institutions, primarily savings banks and commercial banks in its market area, its most significant competition comes from other financial services providers, such as the mortgage companies and mortgage brokers operating in its primary market area. Additionally, the Bank faces increased competition as a result of regulatory actions and legislative changes, most notably the enactment of the Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999. These changes have eased, and likely will continue to ease, restrictions on interstate banking and entry into the financial services market by non-depository and non-traditional financial services providers, including insurance companies, securities brokerage and underwriting firms, and specialty financial services companies such as Internet-based providers.

Lending Activities

          General. The types of loans that the Bank may originate are limited by federal and state laws and regulations. Interest rates charged by the Bank on loans are affected principally by the Bank’s current asset/liability strategy, the demand for such loans, the supply of money available for lending purposes and the rates offered by competitors. These factors are, in turn, affected by general and economic conditions, monetary policies of the federal government, including the Federal Reserve Board, legislative tax policies and governmental budgetary matters.

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          Loan Portfolio Analysis. The following table sets forth the composition of the Bank’s loan portfolio in dollar amounts and as a percentage of the portfolio at the dates indicated.

(1) Includes construction to permanent residential and commercial real estate loans.

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          One- to Four-Family Real Estate Loans. The Bank’s primary lending activity is to originate loans secured by one- to four-family residences located in its primary market area. Of the one- to four-family loans outstanding at December 31, 2002, approximately 73.11% were fixed-rate mortgage loans and 26.89% were adjustable-rate loans.

          The Bank originates fixed-rate fully amortizing loans with maturities ranging between 10 and 30 years. Management establishes the loan interest rates based on market conditions. The Bank offers mortgage loans that conform to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac guidelines, as well as jumbo loans, which are presently loans in amounts over $322,700.  Fixed-rate conforming loans are generally originated to be held in the Bank’s portfolio. However, the Bank may sell such loans from time to time. Management periodically determines whether or not to sell loans based on changes in prevailing market interest rates.  Loans that are sold are generally sold to Freddie Mac, with the servicing rights retained.

          Currently, the Bank also offers adjustable-rate mortgage loans, with an interest rate based on the one year Constant Maturity Treasury index, which is adjusted annually at the outset of the loan or which is adjusted annually after a three or five year initial fixed period and with terms of up to 30 years. Interest rate adjustments on such loans are limited to no more than 2% during any adjustment period and 6% over the life of the loan. Adjustable-rate loans may possess a conversion option, whereby the borrower may opt to convert the loan to a fixed interest rate after a predetermined period of time, generally within the first 60 months of the loan term.

          Adjustable-rate mortgage loans help reduce the Bank’s exposure to changes in interest rates. There are, however, unquantifiable credit risks resulting from the potential of increased costs due to changed rates to be paid by borrowers. It is possible that during periods of rising interest rates the risk of default on adjustable-rate mortgage loans may increase as a result of repricing and the increased payments required to be paid by borrowers. In addition, although adjustable-rate mortgage loans allow the Bank to adjust the sensitivity of its asset base to changes in interest rates, the extent of this interest sensitivity is limited by the annual and lifetime interest rate adjustment limits. Because of these considerations, the Bank has no assurance that yields on adjustable-rate mortgage loans will be sufficient to offset increases in the Bank’s cost of funds during periods of rising interest rates. The Bank believes these risks, which have not had a material adverse effect on the Bank to date, are generally less than the risks associated with holding fixed-rate loans in its portfolio in a rising interest rate environment.

          The Bank underwrites fixed- and variable-rate one- to four-family residential mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios of up to 97% and 95%, respectively, provided that a borrower obtains private mortgage insurance on loans that exceed 80% of the appraised value or sales price, whichever is less, of the secured property. The Bank also requires that fire, casualty, title, hazard insurance and, if appropriate, flood insurance be maintained on all properties securing real estate loans made by the Bank. An independent licensed appraiser generally appraises all properties.

          In an effort to provide financing for moderate income and first-time home buyers, the Bank offers FHA (Federal Housing Authority) and CHFA (Connecticut Housing Finance Authority) loans and has its own First-Time Home Buyer loan program. These programs offer residential mortgage loans to qualified individuals. These loans are offered with adjustable- and fixed-rates of interest and terms of up to 30 years. Such loans may be secured by one- to four-family residential property, in the case of FHA and CHFA loans, and must be secured by a single-family owner-occupied unit in the case of First-Time Home Buyer loans. All of these loans are originated using modified underwriting guidelines. FHA loans are closed in the name of the Bank and immediately sold in the secondary market to Countrywide Mortgage Company with the loan servicing rights released. CHFA loans are immediately assigned after closing to the Connecticut Housing Finance Authority with servicing rights retained by the Bank. Countrywide Mortgage and CHFA establish their respective rates and terms upon which such loans are offered. First-Time Home Buyer loans are offered with a discounted interest rate (approximately 50 basis points) and usually with no application or loan origination fees. All such loans are originated in amounts of up to 97% of the lower of the property’s appraised value or the sale price. Private mortgage insurance is required on all such loans.

          The Bank also offers to its full-time employees who satisfy certain criteria and the general underwriting standards of the Bank fixed and adjustable-rate mortgage loans with reduced interest rates, which are currently 50 to 100 basis points below the rates offered to the Bank’s other customers. The Employee Mortgage Rate is limited to

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the purchase, construction or refinancing of an employee’s owner-occupied residence. The Employee Mortgage Rate normally ceases upon termination of employment or if the property no longer is the employee’s residence. Upon termination of the Employee Mortgage Rate, the interest rate reverts to the contract rate in effect at the time that the loan was extended. All other terms and conditions contained in the original mortgage and note continue to remain in effect. As of December 31, 2002, the Bank had $14.04 million of Employee Mortgage Rate loans, or 0.90% of total loans.

          Construction Loans. The Bank originates construction loans to individuals for the construction and acquisition of personal residences. At December 31, 2002, the unadvanced portion of construction loans totaled $11.57 million.

          The Bank’s residential construction loans generally provide for the payment of interest only during the construction phase, which is usually twelve months. At the end of the construction phase, the loan converts to a permanent mortgage loan. Loans can be made with a maximum loan-to-value ratio of 90%, provided that the borrower obtains private mortgage insurance on the loan if the loan balance exceeds 80% of the appraised value or sales price, whichever is less, of the secured property. Construction loans to individuals are generally made on the same terms as the Bank’s one- to four-family mortgage loans.

          Before making a commitment to fund a residential construction loan, the Bank requires an appraisal of the property by an independent licensed appraiser. The Bank also reviews and inspects each property before disbursing any funds during the term of the construction loan. Loan proceeds are disbursed after each inspection based on the percentage-of-completion method.

          The Bank also originates residential development loans primarily to finance the construction of single-family homes and subdivisions. At December 31, 2002, residential development loans totaled $31.34 million, or 2.01% of the Bank’s total loans. These loans are generally offered to experienced builders with whom the Bank has an established relationship. Residential development loans are typically offered with terms of up to 24 months. The maximum loan-to-value limit applicable to these loans is 80% for contract sales and 75% for speculative properties. Construction loan proceeds are disbursed periodically in increments as construction progresses and as inspection by an approved appraiser of the Bank warrants.

          The Bank also makes construction loans for commercial development projects. The projects include multi-family, apartment, industrial, retail and office buildings. These loans generally have an interest-only phase during construction and then convert to permanent financing. Disbursement of funds are at the sole discretion of the Bank and are based on the progress of construction. The maximum loan-to-value limit applicable to these loans is 80%. At December 31, 2002, commercial construction loans totaled $14.96 million, or 0.96% of total loans.

          The Bank also originates land loans to local contractors and developers for the purpose of improving the property, or for the purpose of holding or developing the land for sale. Such loans are secured by a lien on the property, are limited to 70% of the lower of the acquisition price or the appraised value of the land and have a term of up to two years with a floating interest rate based on the Bank’s internal base rate. The Bank’s land loans are generally secured by property in its primary market area. The Bank requires title insurance and, if applicable, an environmental site assessment.

          Construction and development financing is generally considered to involve a higher degree of credit risk than long-term financing on improved, owner-occupied real estate. Risk of loss on a construction loan depends largely upon the accuracy of the initial estimate of the property’s value at completion of construction compared to the estimated cost (including interest) of construction and other assumptions. If the estimate of construction cost proves to be inaccurate, the Bank may be required to advance funds beyond the amount originally committed in order to protect the value of the property. Additionally, if the estimate of value proves to be inaccurate, the Bank may be confronted with a project, when completed, having a value which is insufficient to assure full repayment.

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          Commercial and Multi-Family Real Estate Loans. The Bank originates multi-family and commercial real estate loans that are generally secured by five or more unit apartment buildings and properties used for business purposes such as small office buildings, industrial facilities or retail facilities primarily located in the Bank’s primary market area. The Bank’s multi-family and commercial real estate underwriting policies provide that such real estate loans may be made in amounts of up to 80% of the appraised value of the property provided such loan complies with the Bank’s current loans-to-one-borrower limit, which at December 31, 2002 was $37.28 million. The Bank’s multi-family and commercial real estate loans are made with terms of up to 20 years and are offered with fixed interest rates as well as interest rates that adjust periodically which are generally indexed to the Federal Home Loan Bank Advance rates with a comparable term or repricing period. In reaching its decision on whether to make a multi-family or commercial real estate loan, the Bank considers the net operating income of the property, the borrower’s expertise, credit history and profitability and the value of the underlying property. In addition, with respect to commercial real estate rental properties, the Bank will also consider the term of the lease and the quality of the tenants. The Bank has generally required that the properties securing these real estate loans have debt service coverage ratios (the ratio of earnings before debt service to debt service) of at least 1.20x. Environmental surveys are generally required for commercial real estate loans. Generally, multi-family and commercial real estate loans made to corporations, partnerships and other business entities require personal guarantees by the principals.

          Loans secured by multi-family and commercial real estate properties generally involve larger principal amounts and a greater degree of risk than one- to four-family residential mortgage loans. Because payments on loans secured by multi-family and commercial real estate properties often depend on the successful operation or management of the properties, repayment of such loans may be affected by adverse conditions in the real estate market or the economy. The Bank tries to minimize these risks through its underwriting standards.

          Commercial Loans. The Bank makes commercial business loans primarily in its market area to a variety of professionals, sole proprietorships and businesses. The Bank offers a variety of commercial lending products, including term loans for fixed assets and working capital, revolving lines of credit, letters of credit, and Small Business Administration guaranteed loans. The maximum amount of a commercial business loan is limited by the Bank’s loans-to-one-borrower limit which at December 31, 2002, was $37.28 million. Term loans are generally offered with initial fixed rates of interest for one to five years and with terms of up to ten years. Business lines of credit have adjustable rates of interest and are payable on demand, subject to annual review and renewal. Business loans with variable rates of interest adjust on a daily basis and are indexed to the Bank’s base rate.  At December 31, 2002, the Bank had $70.06 million of unadvanced commercial lines of credit.

          When making commercial business loans, the Bank considers the financial statements of the borrower, the Bank’s lending history with the borrower, the debt service capabilities of the borrower, the projected cash flows of the business and the value of the collateral. Commercial business loans are generally secured by a variety of collateral, primarily accounts receivable, inventory and equipment, and are supported by personal guarantees. Depending on the collateral used to secure the loans, commercial loan relationships are made in amounts of up to 90% of the value of the collateral securing the loan. The Bank generally does not make unsecured commercial loans.

          Unlike residential mortgage loans, which generally are made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from his or her employment or other income, and which are secured by real property whose value tends to be more easily ascertainable, commercial loans are of higher risk and typically are made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from the cash flow of the borrower’s business. As a result, the availability of funds for the repayment of commercial loans may depend substantially on the success of the business itself. Further, any collateral securing such loans may depreciate over time, may be difficult to appraise and may fluctuate in value.

          Consumer Loans. The Bank offers a variety of consumer loans, including second mortgage loans and home equity lines of credit, both of which are secured by owner-occupied one- to four-family residences. At December 31, 2002, second mortgage loans and equity lines of credit totaled $93.28 million, or 5.99% of the Bank’s total loans and 72.34% of consumer loans. Additionally, at December 31, 2002, the unadvanced amounts of home equity lines of credit totaled $45.17 million. The underwriting standards employed by the Bank for second mortgage loans and equity lines of credit include a determination of the applicant’s credit history, an assessment of the applicant’s ability

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to meet existing obligations and payments on the proposed loan and the value of the collateral securing the loan. Home equity lines of credit have adjustable rates of interest which are indexed to the prime rate as reported in The Wall Street Journal. Interest rate adjustments on home equity lines of credit are limited to no more than a maximum of 17%. Generally, the maximum loan-to-value ratio on home equity lines of credit is 90%. A home equity line of credit may be drawn down by the borrower for a period of 10 years from the date of the loan agreement. During this period, the borrower has the option of paying, on a monthly basis, either principal and interest or only the interest. The borrower has to pay back the amount outstanding under the line of credit at the end of a 20-year period. The Bank offers fixed- and adjustable-rate second mortgage loans with terms up to 20 years. The loan-to-value ratios of both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate home equity loans are generally limited to 90%. 

          The Bank offers fixed-rate automobile loans through local dealerships for new or used vehicles with terms of up to 72 months and loan-to-value ratios of the lesser of the purchase price or the retail value shown in the NADA Used Car Guide. At December 31, 2002, automobile loans totaled $19.83 million, or 1.27% of the Bank’s total loans and 15.38% of consumer loans. For the year ended December 31, 2002, the Bank purchased $5.28 million of automobile loans from local dealerships.

          Other consumer loans at December 31, 2002 amounted to $15.83 million, or 1.02% of the Bank’s total loans and 12.28% of consumer loans. These loans include unsecured personal loans, collateral loans, credit card loans and education loans. Unsecured personal loans generally have a fixed-rate, a maximum borrowing limitation of $25,000 and a maximum term of five years. Collateral loans are generally secured by a passbook account, a certificate of deposit or marketable securities.

          Consumer loans entail greater risk than do residential mortgage loans, particularly in the case of loans that are unsecured or secured by rapidly depreciating assets such as automobiles. In these cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance as a result of the greater likelihood of damage, loss or depreciation. The remaining deficiency often does not warrant further substantial collection efforts against the borrower beyond obtaining a deficiency judgment. In addition, consumer loan collections depend on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and thus are more likely to be adversely affected by job loss, divorce, illness or personal bankruptcy.

          Loans to One Borrower. The maximum amount that the Bank may lend to one borrower is limited by statute. At December 31, 2002, the Bank’s statutory limit on loans to one borrower was $37.28 million.  At that date, the Bank’s largest relationship was $14.03 million. The loan was performing according to its terms as of December 31, 2002.

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          Maturity of Loan Portfolio. The following table shows the remaining contractual maturity of the Bank’s total loans at December 31, 2002, excluding the effect of prepayments.

(1) Includes construction to permanent residential and commercial real estate loans.

          The following table sets forth, at December 31, 2002, the dollar amount of loans contractually due after December 31, 2003 and whether such loans have fixed interest rates or adjustable interest rates.  Adjustable rate loans in the table below refer to loans in which the interest rate is subject to adjustment prior to the loan’s final maturity dates.

(1) Includes construction to permanent residential and commercial real estate loans.

          The average life of a loan is substantially less than its contractual term because of prepayments. In addition, due-on-sale clauses on loans generally give the Bank the right to declare loans immediately due and payable if, among other things, the borrower sells the real property with the mortgage and the loan is not repaid. The average life of a mortgage loan tends to increase, however, when current mortgage loan market rates are substantially higher than rates on existing mortgage loans and, conversely, tends to decrease when rates on existing mortgage loans are substantially higher than current mortgage loan market rates.

          Loan Approval Procedures and Authority. The Bank’s lending activities follow written, non-discriminatory, underwriting standards and loan origination procedures established by the Bank’s Board of Directors

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and management. The Bank’s policies and loan approval limits are established by management and are approved by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors has designated certain individuals of the Bank and certain branch managers to consider and approve loans within their designated authority.

          All one- to four-family mortgage loans secured by the borrower’s primary residence in amounts of up to $500,000 and all residential construction and second mortgage loans and home equity lines of credit in amounts of up to $250,000 may be approved by a designated individual. All second mortgage loans and home equity lines of credit in excess of $250,000 and up to $500,000 require the approval of the Bank’s loan committee. All residential and residential construction loans in excess of $500,000 require the approval of the Bank’s loan committee. All residential loans in excess of $1.00 million require the approval of the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors.

          All commercial loans, including commercial real estate loans, multifamily loans, commercial construction and development loans and commercial business loans in amounts of up to $500,000 may be approved by any two of the designated individuals with the appropriate authority. All commercial loans in excess of $500,000 require the approval of the Bank’s loan committee; and all commercial loans where an individual loan is in excess of $1.00 million or the aggregate indebtedness exceeds $3.00 million require the approval of the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors.

          With regard to consumer loans, automobile loans in amounts of up to $50,000 and unsecured personal loans in amounts of up to $25,000 may be approved by either one or two of the designated individuals depending on the credit score; automobile loans in excess of $50,000 and unsecured personal loans in excess of $25,000 must be approved by the Bank’s loan committee. Collateral loans of up to $25,000 may be approved by any branch manager.

          Loan Originations, Purchases and Sales. The Bank’s lending activities are conducted by its salaried and commissioned loan personnel and through non-bank third-party correspondents. Currently, the Bank uses 16 loan originators who solicit and originate mortgage loans on behalf of the Bank. These loan originators accounted for approximately 75% of the adjustable-rate and fixed-rate mortgage loans originated by the Bank in 2002. Loan originators are compensated by a commission that is based on product, mortgage type, and new or existing customer relationship. The commission currently ranges from 20 to 60 basis points of the loan amount. All loans originated by the loan originators are underwritten in conformity with the Bank’s loan underwriting policies and procedures. At December 31, 2002, the Bank serviced $142.62 million of loans for others.

          From time to time when market conditions are favorable, the Bank will purchase loans, primarily secured by one- to four-family residential properties located outside of the Bank’s primary market area, usually in Fairfield County, Connecticut or in Massachusetts. Purchased loans are underwritten according to the Bank’s own underwriting criteria and procedures and are generally purchased without the accompanying servicing rights. Amounts outstanding related to loan purchases totaled $30.45 million and $56.53 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively.

          Substantially all of the Bank’s adjustable-rate mortgage loans are originated for inclusion in the Bank’s loan portfolio. Historically, the Bank originated fixed-rate mortgage loans for sale in the secondary market. However, since 1998 and due to the low demand for adjustable-rate mortgage loans, the Bank has retained for its portfolio a significant portion of fixed-rate mortgage loans.  Sales are generally to Freddie Mac, with servicing rights retained. Loan sale decisions are made by the Bank’s management and are generally based on prevailing market interest rates and the Bank’s loan-to-asset ratio.

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          The following table presents total loans originated, sold, purchased and repaid during the periods indicated.

(1) Includes construction to permanent residential and commercial real estate loans.

          Loan Commitments. The Bank issues loan commitments to prospective borrowers on the condition that certain events occur. Commitments are made in writing on specified terms and conditions and are generally honored for up to 60 days from approval. At December 31, 2002, the Bank had loan commitments and unadvanced loans and lines of credit totaling $270.53 million.

          Loan Fees. In addition to interest earned on loans, the Bank receives income from fees derived from loan originations, loan modifications, late payments and for miscellaneous services related to its loans. Income from these activities varies from period to period depending upon the volume and type of loans made and competitive conditions. On loans originated by third-party originators, the Bank may pay a premium to compensate an originator for loans where the borrower is paying a higher rate on the loan.

          The Bank charges loan origination fees which are calculated as a percentage of the amount borrowed. As required by applicable accounting principles, loan origination fees, discount points and certain loan origination costs are deferred and recognized over the contractual remaining lives of the related loans on a level yield basis. At

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December 31, 2002, the Bank had $693,000 of net deferred loan fees. The Bank amortized approximately $110,000 of net deferred loan fees during the year ended December 31, 2002.

          Nonperforming Assets, Delinquencies and Impaired Loans. All loan payments are due on the first day of each month. When a borrower fails to make a required loan payment, the Bank attempts to cure the deficiency by contacting the borrower and seeking the payment. A late notice is mailed on the 16^th day of the month. In most cases, deficiencies are cured promptly. If a delinquency continues beyond the 30^th day of the month, the account is referred to an in-house collector. The Bank generally prefers to work with borrowers to resolve problems, but the Bank will institute foreclosure or other proceedings, as necessary, to minimize any potential loss.

          On a monthly basis, management informs the Board of Directors of the amount of loans delinquent for more than 30 days, all loans in foreclosure and all foreclosed and repossessed property that the Bank owns. The Bank ceases accruing interest on mortgage loans when principal or interest payments are delinquent 90 days or more unless management determines that the loan principal and interest is fully secured and in the process of collection. Once the accrual of interest on a loan is discontinued, all interest previously accrued is reversed against current period interest income once management determines that interest is uncollectable.

          On January 1, 1995, the Bank adopted SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan,” as amended by SFAS No. 118 “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan—an amendment to SFAS No. 114.” At December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, the Bank had a recorded investment in impaired loans of $2.89 million, $7.68 million and $6.92 million, respectively, for which an additional allowance for loan losses of $80,000, $157,000 and $771,000, respectively, was required.

          At December 31, 2002, the Bank’s largest nonperforming loan was a commercial real estate loan with a balance of $395,000.  The nonperforming loan is secured by an industrial building in Central Connecticut.  At December 31, 2002, the loan was current as to interest, but was past due greater than 90 days as to principal.

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          The following table sets forth information regarding nonperforming loans, troubled debt restructurings and other real estate owned at the dates indicated.

          Interest income that would have been recorded for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000 had nonaccruing loans been current according to their original terms amounted to approximately $427,000, $446,000 and $568,000, respectively. No interest related to these loans was included in interest income in any year.

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          The following tables set forth the delinquencies in the Bank’s loan portfolio as of the dates indicated. All loans noted as 90 days or more past due in the tables below were still accruing interest at December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.