Back to GetFilings.com
1
================================================================================
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
----------------------
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended September 30, 1998
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 1-10059
STERLING CHEMICALS HOLDINGS, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
DELAWARE 76-0185186
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) (I.R.S. EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NO.)
1200 SMITH STREET, SUITE 1900
HOUSTON, TEXAS 77002-4312 (713) 650-3700
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES) (REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE)
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT: NONE
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT: COMMON STOCK,
PAR VALUE $.01 PER SHARE
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 333-04343-01
STERLING CHEMICALS, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
DELAWARE 76-0502785
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) (I.R.S. EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NO.)
1200 SMITH STREET SUITE 1900
HOUSTON, TEXAS 77002-4312 (713) 650-3700
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES) (REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE)
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT: NONE
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT: NONE
STERLING CHEMICALS, INC. MEETS THE CONDITIONS SET FORTH IN GENERAL INSTRUCTION
J(1)(a) AND (b) OF FORM 10-K, AND IS THEREFORE FILING THIS FORM WITH THE REDUCED
DISCLOSURE FORMAT PROVIDED FOR BY GENERAL INSTRUCTION J(2) OF FORM 10-K
----------------------
Indicate by check mark whether each of the registrants (1) has filed all
reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of each of the registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of the Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ]
As of December 7, 1998, Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. had 12,728,842
shares of common stock outstanding. As of such date, the aggregate market value
of such common stock held by nonaffiliates, based upon the last sales price of
these shares as reported on the OTC Electronic Bulletin Board maintained by the
National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., was approximately $39 million.
As of December 7, 1998, all outstanding equity securities of Sterling Chemicals,
Inc. were owned by Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.
Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement relating to the 1999 Annual
Meeting of Stockholders of Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. are incorporated by
reference in Part III of this Form 10-K.
================================================================================
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
----
PART I
Important Information Regarding this Form 10-K............................................. 1
Item 1. Business................................................................................... 2
Item 2. Properties................................................................................. 16
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.......................................................................... 16
Item 4. Submission of Matters to Vote of Security Holders.......................................... 18
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters...................... 19
Item 6. Selected Financial Data of the Company..................................................... 20
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations...... 22
Item 7A. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosure about Market Risk.................................. 36
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data................................................ 37
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial
Disclosure................................................................................. 72
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant......................................... 72
Item 11. Executive Compensation..................................................................... 72
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management............................. 72
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions............................................. 72
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K............... 73
i
3
IMPORTANT INFORMATION REGARDING THIS FORM 10-K
Readers should consider the following information as they review this Form 10-K.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Form 10-K includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements other than
statements of historical facts included in this Form 10-K, including without
limitation the statements under "Business" and "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" regarding the
cyclicality of the Company's industry, current and future industry conditions
and the potential effects of such matters on the Company's business strategy,
results of operations and financial position, are forward-looking statements.
Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in the
forward-looking statements contained herein are reasonable, no assurance can be
given that such expectations will prove to have been correct. Certain important
factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations
("Cautionary Statements") are stated herein in conjunction with the
forward-looking statements or are included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. See
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations - Certain Known Events, Trends, Uncertainties and Risk Factors." All
subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to the
Company or persons acting on its behalf are expressly qualified in their
entirety by the Cautionary Statements.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS, ETC.
All statements contained in this Form 10-K, including the forward-looking
statements discussed above, are made as of December 17, 1998, except for those
statements that are expressly made as of another date. The Company disclaims any
responsibility for the correctness of any information contained in this Form
10-K to the extent such information is affected or impacted by events,
circumstances, or developments occurring after December 17, 1998, or by the
passage of time after such date and, except as required by applicable securities
laws, does not intend to update such information.
DOCUMENT SUMMARIES
Statements contained in this Form 10-K describing documents and agreements
are provided in summary form only and such summaries are qualified in their
entirety by reference to the actual documents and agreements filed as exhibits
to this Form 10-K.
1
4
PART I
This combined Form 10-K is separately filed by Sterling Chemicals Holdings,
Inc. ("Holdings") and Sterling Chemicals, Inc. ("Chemicals"). Information
contained herein relating to Chemicals is filed by Holdings and separately by
Chemicals on its own behalf. Unless otherwise indicated, Holdings and its
subsidiaries, including Chemicals, are collectively referred to as the
"Company."
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
The Company was organized as a Delaware corporation in 1986 and has its
principal executive offices in Houston, Texas. In connection with the Company's
August 1996 merger with STX Acquisition Corp. (the "Merger"), the Company
recapitalized and reorganized into a holding company whose only material asset
is the capital stock of Chemicals, its wholly owned operating subsidiary (the
"1996 Recapitalization"). Through Chemicals and its subsidiaries, the Company
manufactures seven commodity petrochemicals at its Texas City, Texas plant (the
"Texas City Plant"). Additionally, the Company manufactures chemicals for use
primarily in the pulp and paper industry at five plants in Canada and one plant
in Valdosta, Georgia (the "Valdosta Plant"), and manufactures acrylic fibers in
a plant near Pensacola, Florida (the "Santa Rosa Plant"). At its Texas City
Plant, the Company produces styrene, acrylonitrile, acetic acid, plasticizers,
methanol, tertiary butylamine ("TBA"), and sodium cyanide. The Company generally
sells its petrochemical products to customers for use in the manufacture of
other chemicals and products, which in turn are used in the production of a wide
array of consumer goods and industrial products. The Company produces regular
textile fibers, specialty textile fibers, and technical fibers at the Santa Rosa
Plant, as well as licensing its acrylic fibers manufacturing technology to
producers worldwide. Sodium chlorate is produced at the five plants in Canada
and at the Valdosta Plant. Sodium chlorite is produced at one of the Canadian
locations. In addition, chlor-alkali and calcium hypochlorite are produced at
one of the Canadian locations. The Company licenses, engineers, and oversees
construction of large-scale chlorine dioxide generators for the pulp and paper
industry as part of the pulp chemical business. These generators convert sodium
chlorate into chlorine dioxide at pulp mills.
The Company's business strategy is to become a premier producer of
chemicals with a strong market position in all major product and fist quartile
cost position in existing businesses, and to expand its production capacity to
capture future growth opportunities in the petrochemical, acrylic fibers, and
pulp chemical industries. Key elements of this strategy are to: (i) maintain a
competitive cost position by reducing costs and working capital and by investing
in new technology and equipment; (ii) pursue low cost expansions; (iii) pursue
growth opportunities through the construction of additional capacity; (iv)
continue to build strong industry partnerships through securing long-term supply
contracts with key customers; and (v) pursue a focused long-term acquisition
strategy, targeting chemical businesses and assets which will strengthen the
Company's existing market positions, provide upstream or downstream integration,
or produce complementary chemical products. The cyclicality of the markets for
the Company's primary products, however, also subjects the Company to periods of
overcapacity accompanied by lower prices and profit margins for such products.
In addition, the instruments governing the Company's outstanding debt limit the
Company's ability to incur additional debt to finance additional acquisitions
and other expenditures. These and other factors may limit the Company's ability
to successfully implement its business strategy.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
On March 30, 1998, the Company and BP Chemicals Inc. ("BP") established an
exclusive 50/50 acrylonitrile joint venture marketing company, ANEXCO LLC, to
service the acrylonitrile marketing needs of both partners in Asia and South
America beginning April 1, 1998. The Company and BP project annual sales by
ANEXCO LLC of approximately 500,000 metric tons of acrylonitrile with most
materials coming from the United States, supplemented by product from South
Africa.
The Company's methanol production facility at the Texas City Plant was shut
down in August 1998. This action was taken solely for economic reasons relating
to a significant disparity between domestic and foreign natural gas prices and
the resulting costing disadvantage to domestic methanol producers. The Company
has contracted with a third party to supply methanol to the Company through
January 31, 1999, for both its internal needs and to satisfy delivery
requirements under existing contractual commitments. The Company believes the
methanol production unit is capable of being restarted without significant
expense or delay; however, as of December 17, 1998 no decision had been made as
to if or when the unit will be restarted.
During fiscal 1998, 111 Company employees took early retirement under
voluntary severance programs established by the Company at the Texas City Plant.
The Company recorded a pre-tax charge of $6 million in fiscal
2
5
1998 for costs associated with the workforce reductions. The Company anticipates
annual savings from such workforce reductions of approximately $6 million. In
addition, in September 1998, the Company reduced its pulp chemicals workforce by
25 employees and recorded a pre-tax charge of approximately $1 million. The
Company anticipates annual savings from such workforce reductions of
approximately $1 million. Additionally, a Multiskilling/CLAIR (Clean, Lubricate,
Adjust, Inspect & Repair) program, which improves work practices at the Texas
City Plant, has resulted in a reduction of contract maintenance workforce of
over 100 workers over the past two years. In November 1998, the Company further
reduced its workforce in its petrochemical business and corporate office by 60
employees and contractors at a pre-tax cost of approximately $2 million with
expected annual savings of approximately $5 million. The Company plans to pursue
additional cost reductions in 1999 through changes in its manufacturing
processes and workforce reductions.
In December 1998, the Company obtained certain amendments to the financial
covenants in the Company's Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. At no time was
the Company not in compliance with the covenants. The Company requested the
amendments based on its revised financial projections, and the amendments made
the financial covenants less restrictive through December 31, 1999.
In December 1998, the Company entered into separate Standby Purchase
Agreements (collectively, the "Purchase Agreements") with each of Gordon A.
Cain, William A. McMinn, James Crane, Mr. Diassi, Mr. Hevrdejs and Koch Capital
(collectively, the "Purchasers"). Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase
Agreements, the Purchasers committed to purchase up to 2.5 million shares of
Common Stock, at a price of $6.00 per share, if, as and when requested by the
Company at any time or from time to time prior to December 15, 2001. Under each
of the Purchasers Agreements, the Company may only require the Purchasers to
purchase such shares if it believes that such capital is necessary to maintain,
reestablish, or enhance its borrowing ability under the Company's revolving
credit facilities or to satisfy any requirement thereunder to raise additional
equity. To induce the Purchasers to enter into the Purchase Agreements, the
Company issued to them warrants to purchase an aggregate of 300,000 shares of
Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.00 per share. Pursuant to the Purchase
Agreements, the Company agreed to issue to the Purchasers additional warrants to
purchase up to 300,000 additional shares of Common Stock if, as and when they
purchase shares of Common Stock under the Purchase Agreements. Any shares of
Common Stock purchased under the Purchase Agreement and the warrants issued to
the Purchasers as contemplated by the Purchase Agreements will be subject to the
terms of the Amended and Restated Voting Agreement dated as of December 15,
1998, the Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. Stockholders Agreement dated
effective as of August 21, 1996, as amended, and the Tag-Along Agreement dated
as of August 21, 1996, each of which is filed as an Exhibit to this Form 10-K.
SALES AND MARKETING
The Company primarily sells its petrochemical products pursuant to
multi-year contracts and spot transactions in both the domestic and export
markets through its commercial organization and sales force. The Company has
certain long-term agreements, which provide for the dedication of 100% of the
Company's production of acetic acid, plasticizers, TBA, and sodium cyanide, each
to one customer. The Company also has various sales and conversion agreements,
which dedicate to certain customers significant portions of the Company's
production of styrene, acrylonitrile, and methanol, the Company's major
petrochemical products. Some of these agreements generally provide for cost
recovery plus an agreed margin or element of profit based upon market price.
This long-term, high volume focus allows the Company to maintain relatively low
selling, general, and administrative expenses related to the marketing of its
petrochemical products. The Company competes on the basis of product price,
quality, and deliverability. Prices for the Company's commodity chemicals are
determined by market factors that are largely beyond the Company's control and,
except with respect to a number of its multi-year contracts, the Company
generally sells its products at prevailing market prices.
Some of the Company's multi-year contracts for its petrochemical products
are structured as conversion agreements, pursuant to which the customer
furnishes raw materials that the Company processes into finished products. In
exchange, the Company receives a fee typically designed to cover its fixed and
variable costs of production and to generally provide an element of profit
dependent on the existing market conditions for the product. These conversion
agreements allow the Company to maintain lower levels of working capital and, in
some cases, to gain access to certain improvements in manufacturing process
technology. The Company believes its conversion agreements help insulate the
Company to some extent from the effects of declining markets and changes in raw
material prices, while allowing it to share in the benefits of favorable market
conditions for most of the products sold under these arrangements. The balance
of the Company's petrochemical products are sold by its direct sales force.
The Company, through two wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, "Sterling
Fibers"), currently markets its acrylic fiber products to North American
customers through internal sales staff and to international customers through
3
6
non-affiliated agents. Acrylic fiber products are priced based upon market
conditions, which include, but are not limited to, raw material costs, prices of
competing products and suppliers, and type of end use.
The Company sells sodium chlorate primarily in Canada and the United States
generally under one to five-year supply contracts, most of which provide for
minimum and maximum volumes or a percentage of requirements at market prices. In
addition, most sales contracts contain certain "meet or release" pricing clauses
and some contain restrictions on the amount of future price increases. Certain
contracts are evergreen and require advance notice before termination.
The Company markets chlorine dioxide generators worldwide to the pulp and
paper industry. The Company sells the technology and equipment, which it designs
and purchases from specific strategic alliance partners. In addition to being
paid for the technology and equipment, the Company receives royalties based on
the amount of chlorine dioxide produced by the generator, generally over a
ten-year period.
CONTRACTS
The Company's key multi-year contracts and conversion agreements, which
collectively accounted for 24% of the Company's fiscal 1998 revenues, are
described below:
Styrene-Bayer
The Company and Bayer Corporation ("Bayer"), a subsidiary of Bayer AG, are
currently operating under a conversion agreement effective through December 21,
2000. Under this agreement, the Company provides Bayer, subject to specified
minimum and maximum quantities, a major portion of Bayer's styrene requirements
for its manufacture of styrene-containing polymers. The agreement permits Bayer
to terminate its obligations upon twelve months' notice to the Company should
Bayer sell its business that uses styrene or assign the agreement (subject to
the Company's consent) to a third-party purchaser of the business. During fiscal
1998, the Company delivered approximately 9% of its styrene production pursuant
to this agreement.
Styrene-BP Chemicals
Effective April 1, 1994, the Company and BP entered into a styrene sales
and purchase agreement. The initial term of the agreement expired in December
1996. The Company and BP extended this agreement on substantially the same terms
but at approximately half of the original volume through June 30, 1999. During
fiscal 1998, the Company delivered approximately 6% of its styrene production to
BP pursuant to this agreement.
Acrylonitrile-Solutia
The Company and Solutia Inc., formerly the chemical business of Monsanto
Company ("Solutia"), are parties to a multi-year conversion agreement, pursuant
to which the Company delivered approximately 31% and 27% of its fiscal 1998 and
1997 acrylonitrile production, respectively. Solutia has recently announced that
it is constructing a new acrylonitrile production facility in Chocolate Bayou,
Texas, which is expected to have an annual capacity of 500 million pounds and
which is currently expected to begin production in the third calendar quarter of
2000. Solutia has elected to terminate the aforementioned agreement, effective
September 1, 2000.
Acrylonitrile-Cytec
In connection with the Company's acquisition of its acrylic fibers business
from Cytec Industries Inc. ("Cytec") on January 31, 1997 (the "AFB
Acquisition"), the Company assumed an existing supply contract for acrylonitrile
pursuant to which Sterling Fibers purchases its requirements for acrylonitrile
from Cytec. Upon the expiration of such supply contract on February 28, 2002,
the Company expects to supply all of Sterling Fibers' acrylonitrile requirements
from the Texas City Plant.
Acrylonitrile-BP Chemicals
In 1988, the Company entered into a long-term production agreement with BP,
under which BP contributed the majority of the capital expenditures required for
starting the third acrylonitrile reactor train at the Texas City Plant and has
the option to take up to approximately one-sixth of the Company's total
acrylonitrile capacity. This agreement was amended and restated during April
1998 to, among other things, encourage increased manufacturing and technical
cooperation. Under the agreement, BP furnishes the necessary raw materials and
pays the Company a conversion fee for the amount of acrylonitrile it takes and
reimburses the Company for a portion of the fixed costs related to
4
7
acrylonitrile production at the Texas City Plant. During fiscal 1998, the
Company delivered approximately 17% of its acrylonitrile production to BP
pursuant to this agreement. The acrylonitrile reactor in which BP invested
capital incorporates certain BP technological improvements under a separate
license agreement. The Company has the right to incorporate these and any future
improvements into its other existing acrylonitrile reactors. To protect BP in
the event the Company defaults under the production agreement, BP has a first
security interest in the third reactor and related equipment and in the first
acrylonitrile produced in the three reactor units to the extent BP is entitled
to purchase the same under the production agreement. As previously discussed, in
April 1998 the Company and BP formed ANEXCO LLP for the purposes of jointly
marketing acrylonitrile in Asia and South America. The Company delivered
approximately 18% of its fiscal 1998 acrylonitrile production to ANEXCO LLC
pursuant to this agreement.
Acetic Acid-BP Chemicals
An agreement with BP that has been in effect since August 1986 currently
gives BP the exclusive right to purchase all of the Company's acetic acid
production until August 2016. Under the agreement, BP is obligated to make
certain unconditional monthly payments to the Company until August 2006 and to
reimburse the Company for operating costs. In addition, the Company is entitled
to receive annually a portion of the profits earned by BP from the sale of
acetic acid produced by the Company.
Methanol-BP Chemicals
In August 1996, the Company entered into a long-term production and sales
agreement with BP, under which BP contributed a significant portion of the
capital expenditures required for the reconstruction and capacity increase of
the Company's methanol production facility at the Texas City Plant and obtained
the right to receive a substantial portion of the Company's methanol production.
During fiscal 1998, the Company delivered approximately 40% of its methanol
production to BP pursuant to this agreement. The initial term of this agreement
expires July 31, 2016. The output of the methanol facility is marketed by BP to
the Company's acetic acid unit, the merchant market, and BP's worldwide acetic
acid business. Due to a significant disparity between domestic and foreign
natural gas prices and the resulting costing disadvantage to domestic methanol
producers, the Company shut down its methanol production facility in August
1998. The Company has contracted with a third party to supply methanol to the
Company through January 31, 1999 for both its internal needs and to satisfy
delivery requirements under existing contractual commitments. The Company
believes the methanol production unit is capable of being restarted without
significant expense or delay; however, as of December 17, 1998, no decision had
been made as to if or when the unit will be restarted.
Plasticizers-BASF
A product sales agreement has been in effect with BASF Corporation ("BASF")
since August 1, 1986, pursuant to which the Company sells all of its
plasticizers production to BASF. In November 1997, the Company signed a new 10
year agreement with BASF. The agreement expires at the end of 2007. BASF
provides certain raw materials to the Company and markets the plasticizers
produced by the Company. BASF is obligated to make certain quarterly payments to
the Company and reimburses the Company monthly for actual production costs. In
addition, the Company is entitled to a share of profit earned by BASF
attributable to the plasticizers supplied by the Company.
During fiscal 1998, BP accounted for approximately 12% of the Company's
revenues. No other single customer of the Company accounted for more than 10% of
the Company's revenues in fiscal 1998. For information regarding the Company's
export sales and domestic and foreign operations, see Note 9 of Item 8, "Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements," which is hereby incorporated by
reference.
5
8
PRODUCT SUMMARY
The Company's principal products and their primary end uses and raw
materials are set forth below.
COMPANY PRODUCT INTERMEDIATE PRODUCTS PRIMARY END PRODUCTS RAW MATERIALS
- --------------- --------------------- -------------------- -------------
Petrochemicals
and Fibers
Styrene Polystyrene Building products, boat and automotive Ethylene and Benzene
ABS/SAN resins components, disposable cups and trays,
Styrene butadiene packaging and containers, housewares,
latex tires, audio and video cassettes,
Unsaturated polyester luggage,
resins children's toys, paper coating,
appliance
parts, and carpet backing
Acrylonitrile Acrylic fibers Apparel, furnishings, upholstery, Ammonia, Air, and Propylene
ABS/SAN resins household appliances, carpets,
plastics for automotive parts using
ABS and SAN polymers
Acetic Acid Vinyl acetate monomer Adhesives, cigarette filters, and Methanol, Carbon Monoxide
surface coatings
Methanol Acetic acid Adhesives, cigarette filters, and Natural Gas, Steam, and Carbon
MTBE surface coatings, gasoline oxygenate Dioxide
Formaldehyde and octane enhancer, plywood adhesives
Plasticizers Polyvinyl chloride Flexible plastics, such as shower Alpha-Olefins, Carbon
(PVC) curtains and liners, floor coverings, Monoxide, Hydrogen,
cable insulation, upholstery, and Orthoxylene, and Air
plastic molding
TBA NA Pesticides, solvents, Isobutylene and the
pharmaceuticals, and synthetic rubber Acrylonitrile by-product
Hydrogen Cyanide ("HCN")
Sodium Cyanide NA Electroplating and precious metals Sodium Hydroxide and
recovery by-product HCN
Regular Textile NA Apparel, fleece, hosiery, industrial, Acrylonitrile, Vinyl Acetate,
Fibers and sweaters Sodium Thiocyanate, Sodium
Bisulfate, and Finish Oil
Specialty Textile NA High-end hosiery, pile fabrics, and Acrylonitrile, Vinyl Acetate,
Fibers outdoor furniture Sodium Thiocyanate, Sodium
Bisulfate, and Finish Oil
Technical Fibers NA Friction materials (brake linings), Acrylonitrile, Vinyl Acetate,
gaskets, specialty papers, and Sodium Thiocyanate, Sodium
non-wovens Bisulfate, and Finish Oil
Pulp Chemicals
Sodium Chlorate Chlorine dioxide Bleaching agent for pulp production; Electricity, Salt, and Water
Downstream products include high
quality office and coated papers
Chlorine Dioxide NA Chlorine dioxide for use in the NA
Generators bleaching of pulp
Sodium Chlorite Chlorine dioxide Antimicrobial agent for municipal Sodium Chlorate and
water treatment, disinfectant for Hydrochloric Acid
fresh produce
Chlor-alkali
Caustic soda NA Bleaching and digesting agent for Electricity, Salt, and Water
pulp and paper
Chlorine NA Widely used in potable water and Electricity, Salt, and Water
wastewater treatment programs, as
well as swimming pools
Muriatic acid NA Stimulation agent in oil and gas Chlorine, Hydrogen, and Water
extraction operations
Calcium NA Sanitizing agent to control bacteria Lime,Water, Caustic Soda, and
Hypochlorite and algae in swimming pools Chlorine
6
9
PRODUCTS
Petrochemicals and Fibers
Styrene. The Company is the third largest North American producer of
styrene. The Company's styrene unit, located at the Texas City Plant, is one of
the largest in the world and has an annual rated production capacity of 1.7
billion pounds, which represents approximately 12% of total North American
capacity. The Company sold approximately 34% of its styrene sales volumes
pursuant to conversion contracts during fiscal 1998. Approximately 40% of the
Company's styrene sales volumes were exported in fiscal 1998, principally to
Asia, either directly or pursuant to arrangements with large international
trading companies.
Acrylonitrile. The Company is the second largest global producer of
acrylonitrile. The Company's acrylonitrile unit, located at the Texas City
Plant, has an annual rated production capacity of 740 million pounds, which
represents approximately 22% of total North American capacity. The Company sold
approximately 45% of its acrylonitrile sales volumes pursuant to long-term
conversion agreements during fiscal 1998. Approximately 50% of the Company's
acrylonitrile production in fiscal 1998 was exported. ANEXCO LLC was formed by
the Company and BP to service their acrylonitrile marketing needs in Asia and
South America, beginning April 1, 1998. HCN is a by-product of acrylonitrile
manufacturing and is used by the Company as a raw material for the production of
TBA and sodium cyanide and is also burned as fuel.
Acetic Acid. The Company is the third largest North American producer of
acetic acid. The Company's acetic acid unit, located at the Texas City Plant,
has an annual rated production capacity of nearly 800 million pounds, which
represents approximately 11% of total North American capacity. All of the
Company's acetic acid production is sold to BP pursuant to a long-term contract
through 2016.
Methanol. In August 1996, the Company completed construction of a 150
million gallon per year methanol unit at the Texas City Plant. Capital
investment in the unit and production capacity are shared by the Company and BP.
Approximately 42% of the methanol production was used as a raw material in the
Company's acetic acid unit during fiscal 1998, replacing methanol that was
previously purchased from third parties. The remaining methanol is available for
the merchant market and for BP's worldwide acetic acid business. As previously
discussed, the Company shut down its methanol production facility in August
1998. The Company believes the methanol production unit is capable of being
restarted without significant expense or delay; however, as of December 17,
1998, no decision had been made as to if or when the unit will be restarted.
Plasticizers. The Company has an agreement with BASF pursuant to which the
Company sells all of its plasticizers production to BASF through 2007. The
Company's rated plasticizers capacity is 280 million pounds per year.
TBA. The Company produces HCN as a by-product of its acrylonitrile
manufacturing process. The Company uses a portion of its HCN to produce TBA,
which it sells to Flexsys America L.P. ("Flexsys") pursuant to a long-term
conversion agreement. The Company's rated capacity for TBA is 21 million pounds
per year.
Sodium Cyanide. At the Texas City Plant, the Company operates a sodium
cyanide unit, which is owned by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company ("DuPont").
The Company and DuPont have an agreement whereby the Company receives a fee for
operating the facility. The facility uses, as a raw material, HCN by-product
generated by the Company's acrylonitrile manufacturing process. The rated
capacity of this unit is 100 million pounds per year.
Acrylic Fibers. Sterling Fibers is the second largest producer of acrylic
fibers in North America. The Santa Rosa Plant has an annual rated production
capacity of 184 million pounds, which represents approximately 35% of total
North American capacity. Approximately 15% of the Company's acrylic fibers
production in fiscal 1998 was exported. Sterling Fibers produces regular textile
fibers, specialty textile fibers, and technical fibers. Regular textile fibers
are commodity fibers whose sales are primarily driven by price and service
rather than product characteristics. Specialty textile fibers are targeted for
specific applications or end uses and typically have higher margins than regular
textile fibers. Technical fibers are specially engineered for industrial,
non-textile uses and typically have higher margins than textile fibers.
7
10
Pulp Chemicals
Sodium Chlorate. Sodium chlorate is manufactured by passing an electric
current through an undivided cell containing a solution of sodium chloride
(salt). Sodium chlorate is also used as a raw material to produce sodium
chlorite. The Company is the second largest producer of sodium chlorate in North
America. The Company's six sodium chlorate plants have an aggregate annual rated
production capacity of approximately 500,000 tons, which represents
approximately 23% of total North American sodium chlorate capacity.
Chlorine Dioxide Generators. Through its ERCO Systems Group ("ERCO"), the
Company is the largest worldwide supplier of patented technology for the
generators which certain pulp mills use to convert sodium chlorate into chlorine
dioxide. Each mill that uses chlorine dioxide requires at least one generator.
The Company receives revenue when a generator is sold to a mill and also
receives royalties from the mill after start-up, generally over a ten-year
period, based on the amount of chlorine dioxide produced by the generator. The
Company has supplied approximately two-thirds of all existing modern pulp mill
generators worldwide.
The research and development group of ERCO works to develop new and more
efficient generators. When pulp mills move to higher levels of substitution of
chlorine dioxide for elemental chlorine, they are usually required to upgrade
generator capacity or purchase new generator technology. Mills may also convert
to a newer generator to take advantage of efficiency advances and technological
improvements. Each upgrade or conversion requires a licensing agreement, which
generally provides for payment of an additional ten-year royalty.
Sodium Chlorite. The Company has a rated annual sodium chlorite capacity of
approximately 3,500 tons, which represents approximately 37% of total North
American capacity.
Chlor-alkali Products. The Company's rated chlorine capacity is 33,000
metric tons per year, which is less than 1% of North American elemental chlorine
capacity. The Company has caustic soda and muriatic acid production capacity of
37,000 and 45,000 metric tons per year, respectively.
Calcium Hypochlorite. The Company currently has rated calcium hypochlorite
production capacity of 8,500 metric tons per year. This volume represents 6% of
total North American capacity. All of the Company's calcium hypochlorite is
marketed by BioLab, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Great Lakes Chemical
Corporation, pursuant to a long-term sales and marketing agreement.
RAW MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTS AND ENERGY RESOURCES
For each of the Company's products, the combined cost of raw materials and
utilities is far greater than all other production costs combined. Thus, an
adequate supply of these materials at reasonable prices is critical to the
success of the Company's business. Most of the raw materials used by the Company
are supplied by others, and many of them are subject to wide price fluctuations
for a variety of reasons beyond the Company's control. Although the Company
believes that it will continue to be able to secure adequate supplies of its raw
materials and energy at acceptable prices to meet its requirements, there can be
no assurance that it will be able to do so.
Petrochemicals and Fibers
Styrene. The Company manufactures styrene from ethylene and benzene. The
Company converts benzene and ethylene into ethylbenzene, which is then processed
into styrene. Benzene and ethylene are both commodity petrochemicals and the
price for each can fluctuate widely due to significant changes in the
availability of these products. The Company has multi-year arrangements with
several ethylene suppliers that provide for its estimated requirements for
purchased ethylene at generally prevailing and competitive market prices. The
Company's conversion agreements require that the other parties to such
agreements furnish the Company with the ethylene and/or benzene necessary to
fulfill its conversion obligations. Approximately 16% and 23% of the Company's
fiscal 1998 benzene and ethylene requirements, respectively, were furnished by
customers pursuant to conversion arrangements.
Acrylonitrile. The Company produces acrylonitrile by reacting propylene and
ammonia over a solid-fluidized catalyst at low pressure. Propylene and ammonia
are both commodity chemicals and the price for each can fluctuate widely due to
significant changes in the availability of these products. The Company purchases
propylene and ammonia for use in the production of acrylonitrile for sale to
others. For acrylonitrile produced by the Company under conversion contracts,
the requisite propylene and/or ammonia is furnished to the Company by the
customers. Approximately 44% and 40% of the Company's fiscal 1998 propylene and
ammonia requirements, respectively, were furnished by customers pursuant to
conversion arrangements. If various customers for whom the Company now
8
11
manufactures acrylonitrile under conversion arrangements were to cease
furnishing their own raw materials and seek only to purchase acrylonitrile from
the Company, the Company's requirements for purchased propylene and ammonia
could significantly increase.
HCN is a by-product of the acrylonitrile manufacturing process and is used
by the Company as a raw material for the production of TBA and sodium cyanide
and is also burned as fuel.
Acetic Acid. Acetic acid is manufactured primarily from carbon monoxide and
methanol. The Company normally produces all of the methanol required by its
acetic acid unit; however, the Company is currently purchasing its methanol
requirements from a third party due to the Company's shutdown of its methanol
production facility in August 1998. In 1996, Praxair Hydrogen Supply, Inc.
("Praxair") constructed a partial oxidation unit at the Texas City Plant that
supplies carbon monoxide to the Company for production of acetic acid.
Methanol. The Company produces methanol primarily from natural gas and
steam. The Company obtains its natural gas under various supply contracts. As
previously indicated, the Company's methanol production facility was shut down
in August 1998. The Company believes the methanol production unit is capable of
being restarted without significant expense or delay; however, as of December
17, 1998, no decision had been made as to if or when the unit will be restarted.
Plasticizers. The primary raw materials for plasticizers are alpha-olefins
and orthoxylene, which are supplied by BASF under its long-term contract with
the Company, which expires at the end of 2007.
TBA. The Company produces HCN as a by-product of its acrylonitrile
manufacturing process. The Company uses a portion of its HCN to produce TBA,
which it sells to Flexsys pursuant to a long-term conversion agreement. Flexsys
supplies the isobutylene, sulfuric acid, and caustic soda needed in the
Company's TBA operations.
Sodium Cyanide. Sodium cyanide is manufactured from the Company's
by-product HCN and caustic soda. DuPont supplies the caustic soda for sodium
cyanide production under its long-term contract with the Company.
Acrylic Fibers. Acrylonitrile is the most significant raw material used in
the production of acrylic fibers, representing approximately 50% of the total
cash cost of production. Pursuant to its supply agreement with Cytec, Sterling
Fibers will purchase all of its acrylonitrile requirements from Cytec until
February 28, 2002, after which time the Company expects to supply such
acrylonitrile requirements from the Texas City Plant.
Pulp Chemicals
Sodium Chlorate. The primary raw materials for the production of sodium
chlorate are electricity, salt, and water. Of these, electric power costs
typically represent approximately 65% of the variable cost of production of
sodium chlorate. Electric power is purchased by each of the Company's pulp
chemicals facilities pursuant to contracts with local electric utilities.
Consequently, the rates charged by local electric utilities are an important
competitive factor among sodium chlorate producers. On average, the Company's
electrical power costs at its pulp chemical facilities are believed to be
competitive with other producers in the areas in which it operates.
The Company purchases most of the sodium chloride (salt) that it uses in
the manufacture of sodium chlorate under requirements contracts with major
suppliers.
Chlor-alkali. The primary raw materials for the production of chlor-alkali
are salt, water, and electricity. The Company's plant near Saskatoon,
Saskatchewan, Canada (the "Saskatoon Plant") is located on top of a bed of
sodium chloride, or salt, and is solution-mined on site, supplying a
concentrated brine solution to the chlor-alkali manufacturing operations. The
other primary raw material is electrical power, which is supplied by the
Saskatchewan Power Corporation under a ten year agreement expiring December 5,
2001. After 2001, the agreement is renewable on a year to year basis. In a
secondary process, some of the chlorine reacts with by-product hydrogen to
produce hydrochloric acid.
Calcium Hypochlorite. The primary raw materials for calcium hypochlorite
are lime, water, caustic soda, and chlorine. Lime is purchased pursuant to a
long-term contract, while caustic soda and chlorine are produced at the
Saskatoon Plant. In the calcium hypochlorite process, fine powdered lime is
dissolved in water to produce a slurry. The slurry is then mixed with a caustic
soda solution in a batch reactor and chlorine gas is introduced on a carefully
controlled basis. From the resulting slurry the solid component, calcium
hypochlorite is centrifuged, dried, granulated, and screened to meet
specifications.
9
12
TECHNOLOGY AND LICENSING
Petrochemicals and Fibers
In 1986, Monsanto Company ("Monsanto") granted the Company a nonexclusive,
irrevocable, and perpetual right and license to use Monsanto's technology and
other technology Monsanto acquired through third-party licenses in effect at the
time of the acquisition of the Texas City Plant. These licenses are used in the
production of styrene, acrylonitrile, methanol, TBA, acetic acid, and
plasticizers. During fiscal 1991, BP Chemicals Ltd. ("BPCL") purchased the
acetic acid technology from Monsanto (subject to existing licenses).
On December 30, 1997, the Company entered into an Acetic Acid Technology
Agreement with BP and BPCL, pursuant to which BPCL granted the Company a
non-exclusive, irrevocable, and perpetual right and license to use BPCL's acetic
acid technology at the Texas City Plant, including any new acetic technology
developed by BPCL at its acetic acid facilities in England during the term of
such agreement or pursuant to the research and development program provided by
BPCL under the terms of such agreement.
BPCL has also granted to the Company a nonexclusive, perpetual,
royalty-free license (except in the case of a breach of the related production
agreement) to use BPCL's acrylonitrile technology at the Texas City Plant as
part of the 1988 acrylonitrile expansion project. The Company and BPCL have
agreed to cross-license any technology or improvements relating to the
manufacture of acrylonitrile at the Texas City Plant.
The Company believes that the manufacturing processes that the Company
utilizes at the Texas City Plant are cost effective and competitive. Although
the Company does not engage in alternative process research with respect to the
Texas City Plant, it does monitor new technology developments and, when the
Company believes it is necessary, it will seek to obtain licenses for process
improvements.
Sterling Fibers owns substantially all of the technology used in its
acrylic fibers operations. Sterling Fibers licenses certain of its acrylic
fibers manufacturing technology to producers worldwide. The Company expects to
capitalize on increasing demand for this technology as developing countries seek
to increase acrylic fibers production capacity. Approximately 15% of the world's
total acrylic fibers capacity is based on Sterling Fibers' technology. The
competitiveness of Sterling Fibers with respect to its specialty textiles and
technical fibers products (which are its higher margin products) is maintained,
to a significant extent, through the exclusive ownership or use of certain
product and manufacturing technology. If competitors of Sterling Fibers gain
access to the use of similar technology, or render such technology obsolete
through the introduction of superior technology, the ability of Sterling Fibers
to compete would be materially affected in an adverse manner.
Pulp Chemicals
The Company produces sodium chlorate using state-of-the-art metal cell
technology. The principal technology business of the Company is the design,
sale, and technical service of custom-built patented chlorine dioxide
generators. The ERCO engineering group is involved in the technical support of
the Company's sales and marketing group through joint calling efforts which
define the scope of a project, as well as producing technical schedules and cost
estimates.
The Company performs detailed design of chlorine dioxide generators, which
are then fabricated by contractors. Plant installation, instrumentation testing,
and generator start-up are supervised by a joint engineering/technical service
team of the Company. Prior to 1996, the Company was involved in a number of
patent disputes with Akzo Nobel, N.V. regarding chlorine dioxide technology. In
1996, the parties reached a settlement of such disputes that allows licensees of
both the Company and Akzo Nobel, N.V. to operate their chlorine dioxide
generators within the broadest range of operating conditions.
The Company's pulp chemical research and development activities are carried
out at its Toronto, Ontario, laboratories. Activities include the development of
new or improved chlorine dioxide generation processes and research in new
technologies focusing on electrochemical and membrane technology related to
chlorine dioxide, including improvement of quality and reduction of quantity of
pulp mill effluents and treatment of municipal water supplies.
10
13
COMPETITION AND INDUSTRY CONDITIONS
General
The industries in which the Company operates are highly competitive. Many
of the Company's competitors, particularly in the petrochemical industry, are
larger and have substantially greater financial resources than the Company.
Among the Company's competitors are some of the world's largest chemical
companies that have their own raw material resources. In addition, a significant
portion of the Company's business is based upon widely available technology. The
entrance of new competitors into the industry and the addition by existing
competitors of new capacity may reduce the Company's ability to maintain profit
margins or its ability to preserve its market share, or both. Such developments
could have a negative impact on the Company's ability to maintain existing
profit margins or to obtain higher profit margins, even during periods of
increased demand for the Company's products.
Many of the Company's primary competitors by product are set forth below:
Styrene Dow Chemical Company, Lyondell Chemical Company, Amoco
Chemical Company (a subsidiary of Amoco Corporation),
Chevron Chemical Company (a subsidiary of Chevron
Corporation), Cos-Mar (a joint venture of General
Electric Company and FINA Inc.), Nova Chemical Co., and
Huntsman Chemical Corporation
Acrylonitrile BP Chemicals Inc., Cytec Industries Inc., E.I. du Pont
de Nemours and Company, and Solutia Inc.
Acetic Acid Celanese Ltd., Eastman Chemical Company, and Millenium
Chemicals
Methanol Methanex Methanol Co., Borden Chemicals, Lyondell
Chemical Company, Celanese Ltd., and Beaumont Methanol
Plasticizers Exxon Corporation, Aristech Chemicals, and Eastman
Chemical Company
TBA BASF Corporation and Nitto Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
Acrylic Fibers Solutia Inc.
Sodium Chlorate Akzo Nobel N.V., CXY Chemicals Ltd., Kerr-McGee
Corporation, and Huron Chemicals
Chlorine Dioxide
Generators Akzo Nobel, N. V.
Sodium Chlorite Vulcan Chemicals (a subsidiary of Vulcan Materials Co.)
Chlor-alkali Dow Chemical Company, OxyChem, and Pioneer Companies,
Inc.
Calcium
Hypochlorite Olin Corporation and PPG Industries
Historically, petrochemical industry profitability has been affected by
vigorous price competition, which may intensify due to, among other things, new
domestic and foreign industry capacity. The Company's businesses are subject to
changes in the world economy, including changes in currency exchange rates. In
general, weak economic conditions either in the United States or in the world
tend to reduce demand and put pressure on margins. In fiscal 1998, economic
events in various Asian countries negatively impacted the demand growth for the
Company's products and, along with increases in supply (particularly styrene,
acrylonitrile, and methanol) had a negative impact on sales volumes, prices, and
margins in fiscal 1998. Operations outside the United States are subject to the
economic and political risks inherent in the countries in which they operate.
Additionally, the export and domestic markets can be affected significantly by
import laws and regulations. During fiscal 1998, the Company's export sales were
approximately 28% of total revenues. It is not possible to predict accurately
how changes in raw material costs, market conditions, or other factors will
affect future sales volumes, prices, and margins for the Company's products.
11
14
Petrochemicals and Fibers
Styrene. According to Chemical Marketing Associates, Inc. ("CMAI"), the
total North American capacity for styrene is 14.4 billion pounds per year. The
Company's rated capacity of 1.7 billion pounds per year represents approximately
12% of total North American capacity.
Styrene prices are cyclical and sensitive to overall supply relative to
demand and the level of general business activity. During 1994 and the first
half of 1995, the styrene industry ran at high utilization rates resulting from
demand growth from worldwide economic expansion resulting in high styrene prices
and margins. During the second half of 1995, styrene prices decreased
significantly as demand growth weakened. Increased capacity additions,
particularly in Asia, resulted in lower styrene prices and margins in 1996,
1997, and 1998. Economic events in various Asian countries in 1997 and 1998
reduced demand growth for styrene and, along with capacity increases in 1997 and
1998, resulted in lower prices and margins. Global production capacity for
styrene is estimated at approximately 45 billion pounds, including 6-7 billion
pounds of capacity which was added by competitors in 1997 and 1998. Average
styrene sales prices received by the Company declined by 41% from fiscal 1995 to
1996, 2% from fiscal 1996 to 1997, and 11% from fiscal 1997 to 1998.
Acrylonitrile. The acrylonitrile market exhibits characteristics in
capacity utilization, selling prices, and profit margins similar to those of
styrene. Moreover, as a result of the Company's high percentage of export
acrylonitrile sales, demand for the Company's acrylonitrile is most
significantly influenced by export customers, particularly those that supply
acrylic fiber to China. During 1995, strong demand for acrylic fiber and ABS
resins, particularly in China, increased demand for acrylonitrile resulting in
higher prices and margins. Acrylonitrile demand began to weaken in late 1995 for
the same reasons that caused the deterioration in the styrene market. Increased
acrylonitrile capacity in the United States and Asia and weakened demand growth
in Asian markets resulted in lower acrylonitrile prices and margins in 1996,
1997, and 1998. Global production capacity for acrylonitrile is estimated at
over 11 billion pounds, including 1 billion pounds which was added by
competitors in 1998. Solutia has recently announced that it is constructing a
new acrylonitrile production facility in Chocolate Bayou, Texas, which is
expected to have an annual capacity of 500 million pounds and which is currently
expected to begin production in the third calendar quarter of 2000. Average
acrylonitrile sales prices received by the Company declined by 29% from fiscal
1995 to 1996, 3% from fiscal 1996 to 1997, and 25% from fiscal 1997 to 1998.
Methanol. The methanol facility production capacity is shared by the
Company and BP. Approximately 42% of the methanol production was used as a raw
material in the Company's acetic acid unit in fiscal 1998. The remaining
methanol production was used for the merchant market. As previously indicated,
the methanol production facility was shut down in August 1998.
Other petrochemical products. The Company sells all of its acetic acid,
plasticizers, and TBA production to BP, BASF, and Flexsys, respectively,
pursuant to long-term contracts. In addition, the Company operates a sodium
cyanide unit, which is owned by DuPont.
Acrylic Fibers. There are only two manufacturers of acrylic fibers in North
America, Sterling Fibers and Solutia. In general, Sterling Fibers and Solutia
have mostly different customers and focus on different segments of the same
markets. Acrylic fibers also compete with other fibers, including cotton and
polyester. During fiscal 1998, Sterling Fibers experienced decreased sales
prices and margins due to a significant drop in the demand for its products as a
result of the economic events in various countries in Asia and increased
competition from European suppliers.
Pulp Chemicals
Sodium Chlorate. The primary derivative of sodium chlorate is chlorine
dioxide. Chlorine dioxide is a powerful and highly selective oxidizing agent
suitable for pulp bleaching. It has the ability to substantially reduce
hazardous substances, including dioxins and furans, in bleach plant effluent, as
well as produce high-brightness pulp with little or no damage to the cellulose
fiber.
Substitution of chlorine dioxide for elemental chlorine is driven primarily
by environmental concerns. By the end of 1997, approximately 80% to 85% of
Canadian bleach plant capacity and approximately 55% to 60% of United States
bleach plant capacity had been converted to elemental chlorine-free ("ECF"). On
November 14, 1997, the Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") enacted
regulations that support substitution of chlorine dioxide, which is produced
from sodium chlorate, for elemental chlorine in the pulp bleaching process.
These regulations, commonly referred to as the "Cluster Rules", require
increased substitution of chlorine dioxide for elemental chlorine in the pulp
12
15
bleaching process which significantly reduces the amount of absorbable organic
halides ("AOX") and chlorine derivatives in bleach plant effluent.
On May 7, 1998, several conservation groups and an Indian tribe instigated
litigation in the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (San Francisco)
challenging the EPA's passage of the Cluster Rules on the grounds that EPA
violated the Clean Water Act and the Administrative Procedures Act because EPA
did not adopt the "best available technology" and that the Cluster Rules
violated certain treaty rights of the Indian tribe. A representative of the
paper industry was permitted to intervene in such action on June 8, 1998. In
addition, three separate petitions were filed by industry representatives on
August 26, 1998 in the Fourth Circuit, the Eleventh Circuit and District of
Columbia Circuit challenging certain aspects of the Cluster Rules for reasons
generally supportive of industry's positions. On October 9, 1998, a motion to
consolidate all of such actions was filed in the Ninth Circuit and a stay of
further proceedings was ordered until November 30, 1998. The Ninth Circuit
approved the motion to consolidate and the actions filed in the District of
Columbia and Fourth Circuits have been transferred. The action in the Eleventh
Circuit has not yet been transferred by the Eleventh Circuit. The Company
believes that the industry's position in such actions is likely to prevail,
although no assurances can be given to that effect. Even if industry does
prevail in such actions, the existence of such actions adds a measure of
uncertainty as to rate of implementation of the Cluster Rules, which could
negatively affect the performance of the Company's sodium chlorate operations.
Historically, sodium chlorate has experienced cycles in capacity
utilization, selling prices, and profit margins. Since the mid-1980s, however,
North American demand for sodium chlorate has grown at an average annual rate of
approximately 10% as pulp mills have accelerated substitution of chlorine
dioxide for elemental chlorine in bleaching applications. In fiscal 1998, demand
for sodium chlorate did not increase at historical rates as a result of weak
market conditions and lower operating rates in the pulp and paper industry.
Chlor-alkali. Through one of its wholly-owned subsidiaries ("Sterling
Sask"), the Company has one of three Western Canadian chlor-alkali production
operations. Dow Chemicals Company, located in Fort Saskatchewan, Alberta, and
CXY Chemicals, Ltd., located in North Vancouver, British Columbia, are the
others. Sterling Sask competes in the regional Western Canadian market by
selling to small volume regional customers who prefer the higher quality product
produced by membrane technology. This technology and its proximity to its
customers give Sterling Sask a competitive advantage in terms of product
quality, product availability, service, and freight costs, and partially
mitigate the Sterling Sask business exposure to the severe price swings in the
overall North American market.
Calcium Hypochlorite. Calcium hypochlorite is manufactured by three North
American companies. The largest is Olin Corporation, followed by PPG Industries,
Inc. and Sterling Sask, with Sterling Sask representing approximately 6% of
total North American capacity. World markets are served primarily by production
from North America (56%) and Japan (22%). Major consuming countries include the
United States, Australia, and South Africa. Demand for calcium hypochlorite is
closely correlated with swimming pool starts (linked to economic growth) and
summer temperatures (hotter weather leads to increased consumption). Demand from
the pool sector is also highly seasonal, concentrated in the spring and summer
months.
For information regarding revenues for each of the Company's principal
products, see Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations." For historical information presented on a
segmented basis for the Company's petrochemicals and fibers business and pulp
chemical business, see Note 9 of Item 8, "Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements."
ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
General
The Company's operations involve the handling, production, transportation,
treatment, and disposal of materials that are classified as hazardous or toxic
waste and that are extensively regulated by environmental and health and safety
laws and regulations. Environmental permits required for the Company's
operations are subject to periodic renewal and can be revoked or modified for
cause or when new or revised environmental laws or permit requirements are
implemented. Changing and increasingly strict environmental laws, regulations,
and permit requirements can affect the manufacture, handling, processing,
distribution, and use of the Company's chemical products and, if so, the
Company's business and operations may be materially and adversely affected. In
addition, changes in the law, regulations, and permit requirements can cause the
Company to incur substantial costs in upgrading or redesigning its facilities
and processes, including its waste treatment, storage, disposal, and other waste
handling practices and equipment.
13
16
At all of its facilities, the Company conducts environmental management
programs designed to maintain compliance with applicable environmental laws. The
Company routinely conducts inspection and surveillance programs designed to
detect and respond to leaks or spills of regulated hazardous substances and to
correct identified regulatory deficiencies. Likewise, the Company believes that
its procedures for waste handling are consistent with industry standards and
applicable laws and regulations. In addition, the Company believes that its
operations are consistent with good industry practice through participation in
the Responsible Care initiatives as a part of membership in the CMA (U.S.) and
the Canadian Chemical Producers Association. However, a business risk frequently
associated with chemical operations is the potential for personal injury and
property damage claims from nearby landowners and occupants. While the Company
believes that its business operations and facilities generally are operated in
compliance with all material aspects of applicable environmental and health and
safety laws, regulations, and disclosure requirements, there can be no assurance
that past practices and future operations will not result in material claims or
regulatory action, require material environmental expenditures, or result in
exposure or injury claims by employees and the public. Some risk of
environmental costs and liabilities are inherent in the operations and products
of the Company, as it is with other companies engaged in similar businesses.
The Company's operating expenditures for environmental matters, mostly
waste management and compliance, were approximately $52 million and $50 million
for fiscal 1998 and 1997, respectively. The Company also spent approximately $2
million and $3 million for environmentally related capital projects in fiscal
1998 and 1997, respectively. In fiscal 1999, the Company anticipates spending
approximately $2 million for capital projects related to waste management and
environmental compliance. There are no capital expenditures related to
remediation projected in fiscal 1999. The Company does not expect expenditures
for environmentally related capital projects in fiscal 2000 to differ materially
from fiscal 1999 expenditures.
In light of its historical expenditures and expected future results of
operations, the Company believes that it will have adequate resources to conduct
its operations in compliance with applicable environmental and health and safety
laws, regulations, and disclosure requirements. Nevertheless, the Company may be
required to make significant site and operational modifications that are not
currently contemplated in order to comply with changing facility permitting
requirements and regulatory standards. Additionally, the Company has incurred
and may yet incur liability for investigation and cleanup of waste or
contamination at its own facilities or at facilities operated by third parties
where the Company has disposed of waste. The Company continually reviews all
estimates of potential environmental liabilities but can give no assurances that
all potential liabilities arising out of the Company's past and present
operations have been identified and fully assessed or that the amount necessary
to investigate and remediate such conditions will not be significant to the
Company.
The Company believes that it would be able to recover certain losses that
may arise out of claims related to environmental conditions that existed at each
of its facilities which existed prior to their acquisition by the Company
through contractual indemnities and/or statutory law and common law principles,
although there can be no assurance that the Company would prevail against any
prior owner of any of its facilities with respect to any such claim.
Petrochemicals and Fibers
Air emissions from the Texas City Plant and the Santa Rosa Plant are
subject to certain permit requirements and self-implementing emission
limitations and standards under state and federal law. The Texas City Plant is
located in an area that the EPA has classified as not having attained the
ambient air quality standards for ozone, which is controlled by direct
regulation of volatile organic compounds ("VOCs") and nitrogen oxide ("NOx").
The Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission has imposed strict
requirements on regulated facilities, including the Texas City Plant, to ensure
that the air quality control region would achieve the ambient air quality
standards for ozone. The Santa Rosa Plant is located in an area currently
designated as being in attainment for ozone under the Clean Air Act. The Texas
City Plant and the Santa Rosa Plant are subject to the federal government's June
1997 National Ambient Air Quality Standards ("NAAQS") which lower the ozone and
particulate matter ("PM") threshold for attainment. Local authorities also may
impose new ozone and PM standards. Compliance with these stricter standards may
substantially increase the Company's future NOx and PM control costs, the amount
and full impact of which cannot be determined at this time.
To reduce the risk of offsite consequences from unanticipated events, the
Company acquired a greenbelt buffer zone adjacent to the Texas City Plant in
1991 and, in connection with the AFB Acquisition, acquired greenbelt area for
the Santa Rosa Plant. The Company also participates in a regional air monitoring
network to monitor ambient air quality in the Texas City community. These
programs are part of the Company's commitment to the Responsible Care
initiatives of the CMA.
14
17
A December 1994 Florida Department of Environmental Protection ("FDEP")
waiver for use of an onsite nonhazardous landfill applies to the Santa Rosa
Plant. This waiver was obtained in connection with Cytec's July 1994 petition
for a rulemaking to avoid a January 1995 rule prohibiting disposal of industrial
waste in other than a Class I landfill. Upon consummation of the AFB
Acquisition, Sterling Fibers succeeded to the rights of Cytec under that
petition and waiver. Should the petition be denied or the waiver be revoked
there are certain administrative options available to the Company. However, the
Company does not believe the additional cost of sending all of the Company's
waste to an offsite facility would have a material adverse impact on the
Company.
A settlement agreement entered into by the EPA, FDEP, and an environmental
group may also potentially apply to the Santa Rosa Plant. The settlement imposes
a no-migration standard for injection wells in underground drinking water zones
without regard to actual risk considerations. The Company, along with several
similarly situated companies, is contesting this no-migration settlement. In the
event that the no-migration rule becomes enforceable, Sterling Fibers may incur
material costs in redesigning its waste water handling systems.
Pulp Chemicals
The Company's pulp chemical business is sensitive to potential
environmental regulations. On November 14, 1997, the EPA enacted regulations
that support substitution of chlorine dioxide for elemental chlorine in paper
pulp bleaching processes to reduce the amount of AOX and other chlorine
derivatives in bleach plant effluent. Chlorine dioxide is produced from sodium
chlorate, which is one of the Company's pulp chemical products. Thus,
regulations restricting, but not altogether banning, AOX and other chlorine
derivatives in bleach plant effluent have a favorable effect on the Company's
business.
Conversely, a significant ban on all chlorine containing compounds could
have a materially adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and
results of operations. British Columbia has a regulation in place requiring
elimination of the use of all chlorine products, including chlorine dioxide, in
the bleaching process by the year 2002. The pulp and paper industry believes
that a ban of chlorine dioxide in the bleaching process will yield no measurable
environmental or public health benefit and is working to change this regulation
but there can be no assurance that the regulation will be changed. In the event
such a regulation is implemented, the Company would seek to sell the products it
manufactures at its British Columbia facility to customers in other markets. The
Company is not aware of any other laws or regulations in place in North America
which would restrict the use of such products for other purposes.
Four of the Canadian pulp chemicals facilities (the "Tenneco Facilities")
were acquired from Tenneco Canada, Inc. ("Tenneco") in 1992. Groundwater data
obtained during the acquisition of the Tenneco Facilities indicated elevated
concentrations of certain chemicals in the soil and groundwater. Prior to
completion of the acquisition, the Company conducted a focused baseline sampling
of groundwater conditions beneath the facilities and confirmed the previous
data. The Company has addressed or is addressing elevated soil or groundwater
concentrations of chemicals, which it has encountered from time to time at the
Tenneco Facilities. The Company also reviewed air emissions sources during the
acquisition of the Tenneco Facilities and considered all available dustfall and
vegetation stress studies. This review indicated emission excursion episodes at
specific locations in the scrubber systems at the Thunder Bay, Buckingham, and
Vancouver facilities. The conditions at the three sites have been addressed and
satisfactorily resolved. The Company believes that the Tenneco Facilities are
otherwise in compliance with all material aspects of permit requirements under
applicable provincial law.
For more information regarding the environmental risks faced by the
Company, including risks that affect the Company's ability to predict future
environmental expenditures and developments, see Item 7 "Managements Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Certain Known
Events, Trends, Uncertainties, and Risk Factors-Environmental and Safety
Matters."
EMPLOYEES
As of September 30, 1998, the Company had approximately 1,500 employees,
including approximately 675 assigned to its petrochemicals division,
approximately 325 assigned to its acrylic fibers division, and approximately 500
assigned to its pulp chemicals division. Approximately 40% of the employees at
the Company's manufacturing facilities are covered by union agreements. The
primary union agreement at the Texas City Plant is with the Texas City, Texas
Metal Trades Council, AFL-CIO, of Galveston County, Texas. It covers all hourly
employees at the Texas City Plant and will expire in April 1999. The Company is
negotiating a new labor agreement with the union that the Company expects will
improve the competitiveness of the Texas City Plant, although no assurances can
be given to that effect. Employees at the Vancouver plant are represented by the
Pulp, Paper, and Woodworkers Union. The Vancouver labor agreement was
renegotiated in November 1997 and is subject to further renegotiation in
November
15
18
2000. Employees at the Buckingham plant are represented by either the
Communications, Energy, and Paperworkers Union or an office and professional
workers union. Both Buckingham labor agreements were renegotiated in November
1997 and are subject to renegotiation in November 1999. Approximately 70% of the
employees at the Saskatoon Plant are represented by the Communications, Energy,
and Paperworkers of Canada. The collective agreement is a four year contract
expiring September 30, 2001. In April 1998, production and maintenance workers
at the Valdosta Plant voted to be represented by the United Paper Workers
International Union. The Company is negotiating a labor agreement at this
facility. The Company believes its relationship with its employees is generally
good. However, a strike by one or more of the unions representing the Company's
employees could have a materially adverse effect on the Company's financial
condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
INSURANCE
The Company maintains full replacement value insurance coverage for
property damage to all of its plants and business interruption insurance.
Although the Company carries such insurance, a significant interruption in the
operation of one or more of the Company's facilities could have a material
adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or
cash flows. The Company also maintains other insurance coverages for various
risks associated with its business. There can be no assurance that the Company
will not incur losses beyond the limits of, or outside the coverage of, its
insurance. From time to time various types of insurance for companies in the
chemical industry have been very expensive or, in some cases, unavailable. There
can be no assurance that in the future the Company will be able to maintain its
existing coverage or that the premiums will not increase substantially.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The principal executive offices of the Company are located in Houston,
Texas, and are subleased through Citicorp, N.A.
The Texas City Plant is located approximately 45 miles south of Houston in
Texas City, Texas, on a 290-acre site on Galveston Bay near many other chemical
manufacturing complexes and refineries. The Company has facilities to load its
products in trucks, railcars, barges, and ocean-going tankers for shipment to
customers. The site offers room for future expansion and includes a greenbelt
around the northern edge of the plant site. The Company owns or leases all of
the real property which comprises the Texas City Plant and all of the facilities
and equipment located there, other than the sodium cyanide unit which is owned
by DuPont, a cogeneration facility owned by a joint venture between the Company
and Praxair Energy Resources, Inc., and the partial oxidation unit constructed
at the site by Praxair. The Company also owns storage facilities, approximately
200 rail cars, and an acetic acid barge in connection with the petrochemicals
business.
The Company owns all of the real property, which comprises the Santa Rosa
Plant and owns or leases all of the facilities and equipment located there. The
Santa Rosa Plant is located on 1,100 acres near Pensacola in Santa Rosa County,
Florida.
The Company's pulp chemicals business includes five manufacturing plants in
Canada and the Valdosta Plant. The Buckingham, Quebec and Vancouver, British
Columbia sites are approximately 20 acres each and are owned by the Company. The
plant located near Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, is on approximately 270 acres and is
owned by the Company. The Thunder Bay, Ontario, and Grande Prairie, Alberta,
sites are leased by the Company. The Valdosta Plant was constructed in
conjunction with, and is leased from, the Valdosta-Lowndes County Industrial
Authority. The Company also leases approximately 487 rail cars in connection
with its pulp chemicals business. Headquarters for the pulp chemicals operations
is located in Toronto, Ontario, in an approximately 50,000 square foot single
story office building owned by the Company. The building is situated on 6.56
acres owned by the Company.
The Company believes its properties and equipment are sufficient to conduct
the Company's business.
See Item 1 "Business" for other information required by this item.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Ammonia Release
On May 8, 1994, an ammonia release occurred at the Texas City Plant while a
reactor in the acrylonitrile unit was being restarted after a shutdown for
routine maintenance. Approximately 52 lawsuits and interventions involving
16
19
approximately 6,000 plaintiffs were filed against the Company seeking an
unspecified amount of money for alleged damages from the ammonia release. Many
of these lawsuits were filed in April and early May 1996.
Approximately 2,600 of the plaintiffs agreed to submit their damage claims
to binding arbitration. A two week evidentiary hearing was conducted in July
1996 before a three judge panel to determine the amount of damages. On May 1,
1997, the three judge panel awarded the plaintiffs an amount of damages which
was well within the limits of the Company's insurance coverage.
Thirty-nine of the plaintiffs tried their cases to a jury in Harris County
District Court. After approximately five months of trial, the jury returned a
verdict on September 2, 1997. The total amount awarded for all 39 plaintiffs was
well within the limits of the Company's insurance coverage.
Approximately 5,500 of the claims in litigation have now been resolved or
are pending final resolution, and the Company continues to vigorously defend
against the claims of the approximately 500 remaining plaintiffs.
Cases Outstanding:
1. Otis Pointer Jr., individually and on behalf of all others similarly
situated, v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc., Paul Saunders, and an unknown
chemical operator; Cause No. 94CV0514; In the 56th Judicial District
Court of Galveston County, Texas ("Pointer").
2. Holly Benefiel, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 95CV0246;
In the 56th Judicial District Court of Galveston County, Texas.
3. Lilly Gordon, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 95-36592;
In the 281st Judicial District Court of Harris County, Texas
("Gordon").
4. Versell Allums, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc., Paul Saunders, and
an unknown chemical operator; Cause No. 95CV1017; In the 10th Judicial
District Court of Galveston County, Texas.
5. Lee Arvie, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 96CV0431; In
the 56th Judicial District Court of Galveston County, Texas.
6. Nita Moore, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 96-22420; In
the 270th Judicial District Court of Harris County, Texas.
7. Gloria Cotton, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 96CV0446;
In the 122nd Judicial District Court of Galveston County, Texas.
8. Timothy McClurkin, Sr. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 96CV0451;
In the 56th Judicial District Court of Galveston County, Texas.
9. Allen E. Kitchens v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc., et al.; Cause No.
43,352; In the Galveston County Court, Galveston County, Texas.
The following ammonia lawsuits were settled or dismissed after September
30, 1997:
1. Maurice Benson, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 95CV1265;
In the 56th Judicial District Court of Galveston County, Texas.
2. Darrell Vick, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 95CV1262;
In the 122nd Judicial District Court of Galveston County, Texas.
3. Nathaniel Barron, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc., and Paul
Saunders; Cause No. 96CV0103; In the 10th Judicial District Court of
Galveston County, Texas.
4. Melton Avie, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc., BP America, Inc., BP
Chemicals America, Inc., n/k/a BP Chemicals, Inc., Allen Bolen,, and
Paul Saunders; Cause No. 96CV0377; In the 56th Judicial District Court
of Galveston County, Texas.
5. Earl Rivas and Rosie Rivas v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc., Sterling
Chemical Company, Sterling Chemical Company, Inc., B.P. Chemicals,
Inc., B.P. Chemicals America, Inc., Paul Saunders,, and Allan Bolen;
Cause No. 96CV0438; In the 10th Judicial District Court of Galveston
County, Texas.
6. Mattie Moses, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 96CV0458;
In the 56th Judicial District Court of Galveston County, Texas.
7. Prince Ella Green and James Green v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause
No. 96CV0454; In the 212th Judicial District Court of Galveston County,
Texas.
8. Jacqueline Lynch, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 43353;
In the County Court at Law No. 2 of Galveston County, Texas.
9. Phyllis Joiner, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 56189; In
the Justice of the Precinct No. 1, Galveston County, Texas.
17
20
10. Patricia A. Glover v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc., Paul Saunders, Allen
Bolen, et al.; Cause No. 96CV0459; In the 212th Judicial District Court
of Galveston County, Texas.
11. Wayne R. Lee v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 96CV0467; In the
10th Judicial District Court of Galveston County, Texas.
12. Rodney Curry, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 95CV1263;
In the 122nd Judicial District Court of Galveston County, Texas.
13. Jayson Rhodes, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No. 95CV1266;
In the 10th Judicial District Court of Galveston County, Texas.
14. Bertha L. Anderson, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No.
96CV0440; In the 122nd Judicial District Court of Galveston County,
Texas
15. Carl Terry, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc. and Paul Saunders; Cause
No. 96CV0436; In the 212th Judicial District Court of Galveston County,
Texas.
16. Phyllis Cormier, et al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No.
96-023195; In the 269th Judicial District Court of Harris County,
Texas.
The Company does not believe the claims and litigation arising out of this
incident will have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial
condition, results or operations, or cash flows, although no assurances can be
given to that effect.
Nickel Carbonyl Release
On July 30, 1997, as the Company's methanol unit at the Texas City Plant
was being shut down for repair, nickel carbonyl was formed when carbon monoxide
reacted with nickel catalyst in the unit's reformer. After isolating the nickel
carbonyl within the methanol unit, the Company worked with the permission and
guidance of the Texas Natural Resources Conservation Commission to destroy the
nickel carbonyl by incineration on-site.
Prior to its incineration, several Company employees and contractor
employees may have been exposed to nickel carbonyl in the methanol unit. Sixteen
contractor employees allegedly exposed to nickel carbonyl are plaintiffs in a
lawsuit (Kurt Bodenshot, et. al. v. Sterling Chemicals, Inc.; Cause No.
97CV0966; In the 212th Judicial District Court of Galveston County, Texas)
against the Company seeking unspecified damages for personal injuries.
Additional claims and litigation against the Company relating to this incident
may ensue. The Company does not believe that the claims and litigation arising
out of this incident will have a material adverse effect on the Company's
financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows, although no
assurances can be given to that effect.
Ethylbenzene Release
On April 1, 1998, a chemical leak occurred when a line failed in the
ethylbenzene unit at the Texas City Plant. The released chemicals included
ethylbenzene, benzene, polyethylbenzene, and hydrochloric acid. The Company does
not believe any serious injuries were sustained, although a number of citizens
sought medical examinations at local hospitals after a precautionary alert was
given to neighboring communities. There is no lawsuit pending against the
Company based on this release, but the Company has received, and in some
instances resolved, claims from individuals for alleged damage from this
incident. The Company believes that its general liability insurance coverage is
sufficient to cover all costs and expenses related to this incident in excess of
the deductible.
Other Claims
The Company is subject to various other claims and legal actions that arise
in the ordinary course of its business.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None
18
21
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
There is no established public trading market for Holdings' common stock,
par value $.01 per share ("Common Stock"), although the Common Stock is traded
on the OTC Electronic Bulletin Board maintained by the National Association of
Securities Dealers, Inc. under the symbol "STXX." The following table sets forth
the high and low bid information of the Common Stock as reported on the OTC
Electronic Bulletin Board for the fiscal years ended September 30, 1998 and
1997.
First Second Third Fourth
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
------- ------- ------- -------
1998 High $13 $12 $9 1/2 $ 9 1/8
Low $11 $8 $8 $ 7
1997 High $12 3/4 $12 1/2 $12 1/4 $ 13
Low $11 $11 $11 $ 11 3/8
As of December 7, 1998, there were approximately 426 record holders of
Common Stock.
Holdings has not paid dividends on the Common Stock in any of the last
three fiscal years and does not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable
future. Any future determination as to the payment of dividends will be made at
the discretion of the Board of Directors of Holdings and will depend upon the
Company's operating results, financial condition, capital requirements, general
business conditions, and such other factors that the Board of Directors deems
relevant. In addition, the payment of dividends on the Common Stock is
restricted by the terms of the indenture governing Holding's 13 1/2% Senior
Secured Discount Notes Due 2008 ("13 1/2% Notes") and the terms of both series
of Holding's outstanding preferred stock. Holdings' subsidiaries (including
Chemicals) are parties to various debt agreements that limit their ability to
provide funds to Holdings by way of dividends, distributions, and advances.
19
22
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA OF THE COMPANY
The following table sets forth selected financial data with respect to the
Company's consolidated financial condition and consolidated results of
operations and should be read in conjunction with "Item 7. Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and
the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes in Item 8 of
this Form 10-K.
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996(1) 1995 1994
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
OPERATING DATA: (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
Revenues $ 822,590 $ 908,787 $ 790,465 $ 1,030,198 $ 700,840
Gross profit 90,179 95,639 111,426 271,618 93,924
Net income (loss) attributable to
common stockholders (2) (48,579) (28,965) 31,604 150,049 19,132
Net cash provided by operating
activities 45,884 47,314 63,601 191,838 75,249
Net cash used in investing activities (26,622) (196,351) (95,957) (53,962) (9,737)
Net cash provided by (used in)
financing activities (15,238) 151,610 7,190 (109,017) (64,874)
EBITDA(3) 88,753 107,318 121,200 281,480 108,600
PER SHARE DATA:
Net income (loss) per common
share (3.99) (2.58) 0.62 2.70 0.34
Cash dividends -- -- -- -- --
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Working capital $ 91,910 $ 120,104 $ 76,933 $ 74,620 $ 20,809
Total assets 765,956 878,971 689,684 609,939 580,925
Long-term debt (excluding current
maturities) 873,616 876,281 714,632 103,581 192,621
Redeemable preferred stock 18,249 15,793 -- -- --
Stockholders' equity (deficiency in
assets) (348,179) (288,528) (272,439) 239,318 89,734
(1) See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a
discussion of merger activities and related financing.
(2) During fiscal 1998, the Company recorded a pre-tax charge of $6 million
for costs associated with workforce reductions.
(3) EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization,
stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), and certain merger-related expenses) is
presented because it is a widely accepted financial indicator of a company's
ability to incur and service debt. It is not intended as an alternative measure
of performance to net income (loss). Because EBITDA excludes some, but not all,
items that affect net income (loss) and may vary among companies, the EBITDA
calculation presented above may not be comparable to similarly titled measures
of other companies. SARs expense (income) was $8,540, $(2,767), and $21,843 for
the years ended September 30, 1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively. Certain
merger-related expenses were $3,633 for the year ended September 30, 1996.
20
23
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA FOR CHEMICALS
The following table sets forth selected financial data with respect to
Chemical's consolidated financial condition and consolidated results of
operations and should be read in conjunction with "Item 7. Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and
Chemical's Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes in Item 8 of this
Form 10-K. All issued and outstanding shares of Chemicals are held by Holdings,
and accordingly, per share data is not presented.
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, PERIOD FROM
------------------------ MAY 14, 1996 (DATE OF INCEPTION)
1998 1997 TO SEPTEMBER 30, 1996(1)
--------- --------- --------------------------------
OPERATING DATA: (Dollars in Thousands)
Revenues $ 822,590 $ 908,787 $ 83,410
Gross profit 90,179 95,639 363
Net income (loss) (33,669) (14,851) 174
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Working capital $ 92,008 $ 119,829 $ 77,299
Total assets 762,503 875,317 685,451
Long-term debt
(excluding current maturities) 745,720 768,870 619,875
Stockholder's equity
(deficiency in assets) (220,445) (175,587) (184,302)
(1) See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a
discussion of merger activities and related financing. Prior to August 21, 1996,
Chemicals had no operating activities, other than those related to merger
activities.
21
24
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
Holdings is a holding company whose only material asset is its investment
in Chemicals. Holdings' only material liabilities are its obligation to repay
the 13 1/2% Notes, redeem its outstanding preferred stock, and certain other
contingent obligations. Chemicals directly or indirectly owns substantially all
of the consolidated operating assets, and is obligated for substantially all
remaining liabilities, of the Company. The Merger and related financings were
accounted for as a recapitalization, with no change in the basis of the assets
and liabilities of Chemicals. Other than the additional interest expense
associated with the 13 1/2% Notes, results of operations for the Company are
essentially the same as those for Chemicals. Accordingly, the discussion that
follows is applicable to both entities, except as specifically noted. A separate
discussion of the results of operations for Chemicals would not, in the opinion
of the Company, provide any additional meaningful information.
The primary markets in which the Company competes, especially styrene and
acrylonitrile, are cyclical and are sensitive to changes in the balance between
supply and demand, the price of raw materials, and the level of general
worldwide economic activity. Historically, these markets have experienced
alternating periods of tight supply and rising prices and profit margins,
followed by periods of large capacity additions resulting in overcapacity and
declining prices and profit margins. Large global capacity additions of styrene
and acrylonitrile were completed during 1997 and 1998. In addition, recent
events in the financial markets in certain Asian countries have impacted the
demand growth for the Company's products, particularly styrene and
acrylonitrile, resulting in a negative impact on sales volumes, prices, and
margins in fiscal 1998.
Styrene prices are cyclical and sensitive to overall supply relative to
demand and the level of general business activity. During 1994 and the first
half of 1995, the styrene industry ran at high utilization rates resulting from
demand growth from worldwide economic expansion resulting in high styrene prices
and margins. During the second half of 1995, styrene prices decreased
significantly as demand growth weakened. Increased capacity additions,
particularly in Asia, resulted in lower styrene prices and margins in 1996,
1997, and 1998. Economic events in various Asian countries in 1997 and 1998
reduced demand growth for styrene and, along with capacity increases in 1997 and
1998, resulted in lower prices and margins. Global production capacity for
styrene is estimated at approximately 45 billion pounds, including approximately
6-7 billion pounds of capacity which was added by competitors in 1997 and 1998.
Average styrene sales prices received by the Company declined by 41% from fiscal
1995 to 1996, 2% from fiscal 1996 to 1997, and 11% from fiscal 1997 to 1998.
The acrylonitrile market exhibits characteristics in capacity utilization,
selling prices, and profit margins similar to those of styrene. Moreover, as a
result of the Company's high percentage of export acrylonitrile sales, demand
for the Company's acrylonitrile is most significantly influenced by export
customers, particularly those that supply acrylic fiber to China. During 1995,
strong demand for acrylic fiber and ABS resins, particularly in China, increased
demand for acrylonitrile resulting in higher prices and margins. Acrylonitrile
demand began to weaken in late 1995 for the same reasons that caused the
deterioration in the styrene market. Increased acrylonitrile capacity in the
United States and Asia and weakened demand growth in Asian markets resulted in
lower acrylonitrile prices and margins in 1996, 1997, and 1998. Global
production capacity for acrylonitrile is estimated at over 11 billion pounds,
including one billion pounds which was added by competitors in 1998. Solutia has
recently announced that it is constructing a new acrylonitrile production
facility in Chocolate Bayou, Texas which is expected to have annual capacity of
500 million pounds and which is expected to begin production in the third
calendar quarter of 2000. Average acrylonitrile sales prices received by the
Company declined by 29% from fiscal 1995 to 1996, 3% from fiscal 1996 to 1997,
and 25% from fiscal 1997 to 1998.
The Company primarily sells its petrochemical products pursuant to
multi-year contracts and high volume spot transactions in both the domestic and
export markets. This long-term, high volume focus allows the Company to maintain
relatively low selling, general, and administrative expenses relating to product
marketing. Prices for the Company's commodity chemicals are determined by global
market factors, including changes in the cost of raw materials, that are largely
beyond the Company's control and, except with respect to certain of its
multi-year contracts, the Company generally sells its products at prevailing
market prices.
During the past five fiscal years, the Company's results of operations have
varied significantly from year to year primarily as a result of cyclical changes
in the markets for its primary products. The Company has attempted to stabilize
these fluctuations by manufacturing two primary product groups, petrochemicals
and fibers and pulp chemicals, which have historically been subject to different
market dynamics, including timing differences in their respective cyclical
upturns and downturns.
22
25
In addition, the Company markets substantial volumes of petrochemicals
(approximately 52%, 50%, and 50% of total sales volumes in fiscal years 1998,
1997, and 1996, respectively) and generates substantial revenues (approximately
34%, 32%, and 36% of total revenues in fiscal years 1998, 1997, and 1996,
respectively) under conversion agreements. Under these agreements, the customer
furnishes raw materials that the Company processes in exchange for a fee
designed to cover its fixed and variable costs of production. The conversion
agreements allow the Company to maintain lower levels of working capital and, in
some cases, to gain access to certain improvements in manufacturing process
technology. The Company believes that its petrochemical conversion agreements
help insulate the Company to some extent from the effects of declining markets
and increases in raw material prices, while allowing it to share in the benefits
of favorable market conditions for most of the products sold under these
arrangements.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Debt Structure. In July 1997, Chemicals entered into an Amended and
Restated Credit Agreement (as amended, the "Credit Agreement") with Chase Bank
of Texas, National Association (formerly named Texas Commerce Bank National
Association), individually and as administrative agent, Credit Suisse First
Boston, individually and as documentation agent, and certain other financial
institutions. As of September 30, 1998, Chemicals had outstanding under the
Credit Agreement three series of term loans (the "Term Loans") consisting of (a)
Tranche A term loans due March 31, 2003 in the aggregate principal amount of $76
million, (b) Tranche B term loans due September 30, 2004 in the aggregate
principal amount of $198 million, and (c) ESOP term loans due September 30, 2000
in the aggregate principal amount of $3 million. The Credit Agreement requires
that certain amounts of Excess Cash Flow (as defined therein) be used to prepay
amounts outstanding under the Term Loans. No such mandatory prepayment is
required in fiscal 1999.
The Credit Agreement establishes a revolving credit facility pursuant to
which Chemicals may borrow, repay, and reborrow funds for general corporate
purposes (the "Revolver"). The Revolver matures on March 31, 2003. As of
September 30, 1998, the Company had no amounts drawn and approximately $3
million in letters of credit outstanding under the Revolver. Availability of
credit under the Revolver is subject to a monthly borrowing base consisting of
85% of eligible accounts receivable and 65% of eligible inventory with an
inventory cap of 50% of the borrowing base. At September 30, 1998, and after
deducting approximately $3 million on account of outstanding letters of credit,
the borrowing base limited the total credit available under the Revolver to a
maximum of $118 million, up from $113 million at September 30, 1997. Although no
assurances can be given, the Company does not believe the borrowing base will
operate to prevent the Company from obtaining any credit that it may require
under the Revolver in the reasonably foreseeable future. Availability of credit
under the Revolver is also subject to the Company being in compliance with
numerous financial and operational covenants contained in the Credit Agreement.
The Company's ability to obtain additional financing in the future
(including amounts available under the Revolver) for working capital, capital
expenditures, acquisitions, and general corporate purposes, should it need to do
so, will be affected by the covenants in its various debt agreements (including,
without limitation, covenants that restrict the Company's ability to incur
indebtedness, pay dividends, create liens, sell assets, engage in mergers and
acquisitions, and refinance existing indebtedness, as well as covenants that
obligate the Company to maintain certain financial ratios) and by cash
requirements for debt service. Based on the Company's results of operations for
the four quarters ended September 30, 1998, these covenants operate to limit the
amount of additional debt (including amounts available under the Revolver) that
may be incurred by the Company. Notwithstanding these limitations, and although
no assurances can be given, the Company believes the credit available to it
under the Revolver, when added to its internally generated funds and other
sources of capital, will be sufficient to meet its liquidity needs in the
reasonably foreseeable future. Moreover, under limited circumstances, additional
indebtedness may be incurred by the Company to finance future acquisitions (i)
if the debt is incurred in Unrestricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the Credit
Agreement and the Company's indentures) or (ii) if the pro forma effect of such
acquisition has a sufficient positive impact on certain financial ratios. If the
Company makes an acquisition through an Unrestricted Subsidiary, however, the
Company's access to the cash flow of that entity is likely to be limited.
In April and December of 1998, the Company obtained certain amendments to
the financial covenants in the Credit Agreement which made the financial
covenants less restrictive through December 31, 1999. At no time was the Company
not in compliance with the covenants. The Company requested the amendments based
on its revised financial projections. Beginning March 31, 2000, certain of these
financial covenants become more restrictive, and therefore the Company will be
required to have significantly increased cash flows and operating results (or
obtain further amendments or waivers) in order to maintain compliance.
23
26
In December 1998, the Company entered into separate Standby Purchase
Agreements (collectively, the "Purchase Agreements") with each of Gordon A.
Cain, William A. McMinn, James Crane, Mr. Diassi, Mr. Hevrdejs and Koch Capital
(collectively, the "Purchasers"). Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase
Agreements, the Purchasers committed to purchase up to 2.5 million shares of
Common Stock, at a price of $6.00 per share, if, as and when requested by the
Company at any time or from time to time prior to December 15, 2001. Under each
of the Purchasers Agreements, the Company may only require the Purchasers to
purchase such shares if it believes that such capital is necessary to maintain,
reestablish, or enhance its borrowing ability under the Company's revolving
credit facilities or to satisfy any requirement thereunder to raise additional
equity. To induce the Purchasers to enter into the Purchase Agreements, the
Company issued to them warrants to purchase an aggregate of 300,000 shares of
Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.00 per share. Pursuant to the Purchase
Agreements, the Company agreed to issue to the Purchasers additional warrants to
purchase up to 300,000 additional shares of Common Stock if, as and when they
purchase shares of Common Stock under the Purchase Agreements. Any shares of
Common Stock purchased under the Purchase Agreement and the warrants issued to
the Purchasers as contemplated by the Purchase Agreements will be subject to the
terms of the Amended and Restated Voting Agreement dated as of December 15,
1998, the Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. Stockholders Agreement dated
effective as of August 21, 1996, as amended, and the Tag-Along Agreement dated
as of August 21, 1996, each of which is filed as an Exhibit to this Form 10-K.
The Company's ability to comply with the covenants and other terms of its
various debt agreements, meet its debt service obligations, and repay principal
when due will depend on the future performance of the Company, which is subject
to a number of risks and uncertainties. At September 30, 1998, the Company was
in compliance with its financial covenants and, based on its financial
projections, the Company believes that it will remain in compliance for the
reasonably foreseeable future, although no assurances can be given to that
effect. However, if weak market conditions (particularly in various Asian
countries) continue to negatively impact the sales prices, margins, and volumes
of the Company's products (particularly styrene, acrylonitrile, methanol, sodium
chlorate, and acrylic fibers), the Company may have difficulty remaining in
compliance with the financial covenants in certain of its debt agreements. If
the Company fails to remain in compliance with any financial covenants and if
appropriate amendments or waivers are not obtained, debt holders could pursue
remedies available to them under the relevant debt agreements. See "Certain
Known Events, Trends, Uncertainties, and Risk Factors".
The Company's loan documents contain provisions which restrict the payment
of advances, loans, and dividends from its subsidiaries (including Chemicals) to
Holdings. The most restrictive of those covenants limits such payments during
fiscal 1999 to approximately $2 million plus any amounts due to Holdings from
Chemicals under the intercompany tax sharing agreement. Such restriction is not
expected to limit Holdings' ability to meet its obligations in fiscal 1999.
In July 1997, Sterling Sask entered into a Credit Agreement (the "Sask
Credit Agreement") with The Chase Manahattan Bank of Canada, individually and as
administrative agent, and certain other financial institutions. As of September
30, 1998, Sterling Sask had outstanding under the Sask Credit Agreement two
series of term loans (the "Sask Term Loans") consisting of (a) Tranche A term
loans due June 30, 2003 in the aggregate principal amount of Cdn. $21 million
and (b) Tranche B term loans due June 30, 2005 in the aggregate principal amount
of $36 million. The Sask Credit Agreement requires that certain amounts of
Excess Cash Flow (as defined therein) be used to prepay amounts outstanding
under the Sask Term Loans. A mandatory prepayment in the amount of approximately
Cdn. $5 million will be required in fiscal 1999.
The Sask Credit Agreement provides for a revolving credit facility of Cdn.
$8 million to be used by Sterling Sask solely for its general corporate purposes
(the "Saskatoon Revolver"). No borrowings were outstanding under the Sask
Revolver as of September 30, 1998. Although no assurances can be given, the
Company believes the credit available to Sterling Sask under the Saskatoon
Revolver and the funds internally generated by Sterling Sask will be sufficient
to meet Sterling Sask's liquidity needs in the reasonably foreseeable future.
Because of restrictions in the Sask Credit Agreement, the Company will
generally not have access to the cash flows of Sterling Sask. In addition,
because of its designation as an Unrestricted Subsidiary under the Credit
Agreement and the indentures governing the 13 1/2% Notes, Chemical's 11 3/4%
Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 ("11 3/4% Notes"), and Chemicals' 11 1/4%
Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2007 ("11 1/4% Notes") (collectively, the
"Indentures"), Sterling Sask's results are not considered in determining the
Company's compliance with the covenants contained therein.
The Saskatoon Credit Agreement contains provisions, which restrict the
payment of advances, loans and dividends from Sterling Sask to Chemicals. The
most restrictive of the covenants limits such payments during fiscal 1999 to
less than $1 million, plus any amounts due to Chemicals or Holdings from
Sterling Sask under the intercompany tax sharing agreement.
24
27
At September 30, 1998, the Company's long-term debt (excluding current
maturities) was $874 million.
Working Capital. Working capital at September 30, 1998 was $92
million, a decrease of $28 million from September 30, 1997. This decrease
was the result of the following changes:
Current Assets Current Liabilities
(In Millions) (In Millions)
Cash and cash equivalents $ 3 Accounts payable $ 34
Inventories (15) Accrued liabilities 5
Accounts receivable (53) Current portion long-term debt (3)
Other 1 ---------
-------- $ 36
$ (64)
( ) - Decrease in assets, increase in liabilities
Cash Flow. Net cash provided from operations was $46 million for fiscal
1998, a decrease of $1 million compared to fiscal 1997. The decreased earnings
during fiscal 1998 as compared to fiscal 1997 was offset by lower working
capital requirements as a result of lower raw materials prices, lower
receivables, and improved working capital management. Net cash flow used in
investing activities was $27 million in fiscal 1998 compared to $196 million in
fiscal 1997. The decrease was primarily due to the absence of the consummation
of any acquisitions in fiscal 1998, whereas both the AFB Acquisition and the
Saskatoon Acquisition were consummated in fiscal 1997. Net cash flow used in
financing activities was $15 million in fiscal 1998 as compared to net cash
flows provided by financing activities of $152 million in fiscal 1997. The
decrease in net cash flows from financing activities in fiscal 1998 as compared
to fiscal 1997 was primarily due to the inclusion of the proceeds from long-term
debt associated with the AFB Acquisition and the Saskatoon Acquisition in fiscal
1997.
Capital Expenditures. Capital expenditures for fiscal 1998, 1997, and 1996
were $27 million, $43 million, and $96 million, respectively. The fiscal 1998
capital expenditures were primarily related to routine safety, environmental,
and replacement capital. The fiscal 1997 capital expenditures were primarily for
construction costs related to the methanol unit and the Valdosta Plant, along
with the distributive control system upgrade at the acrylonitrile unit. In
addition, the Company incurred capital expenditures in fiscal 1997 for process
modernization in styrene and acrylonitrile, and routine safety, environmental,
and replacement capital in the Company's petrochemical, pulp chemical, and
fibers businesses. The fiscal 1996 capital expenditures were primarily for the
expansion of the acetic acid unit, construction of the methanol unit, and
construction of the Valdosta Plant. The acetic acid expansion was completed in
June 1996, the methanol unit was completed in August 1996, and the Valdosta
Plant came on stream in December 1996.
Capital expenditures are expected to be approximately $30 to $40 million in
fiscal 1999, with about $20 to $25 million dedicated to the petrochemical and
fibers businesses and $10 to $15 million dedicated to the pulp chemical
business. Capital expenditures will be primarily for process enhancements for
styrene, expansion of acetic acid, and routine safety, environmental, and
replacement capital.
The Company's capital expenditures for environmentally-related prevention,
containment, and process improvements were $2 million and $3 million for fiscal
years 1998 and 1997, respectively. The Company does not anticipate a material
increase in these types of expenditures during fiscal 1999, although no
assurances can be given to that effect. During fiscal years 1998 and 1997, the
Company did not incur any other infrequent or non-recurring material
environmental expenditures which were required under existing environmental
regulations. See "Certain Known Events, Trends, Uncertainties, and Risk Factors
- - Environmental and Safety Matters."
The Company routinely incurs expenses associated with hazardous substance
management and pollution prevention in ongoing operations. These operating
expenses include items such as depreciation on its waste treatment facilities,
outside waste management, fuel, electricity, and salaries. The amounts of these
operating expenses were approximately $52 million and $50 million for fiscal
years 1998 and 1997, respectively. The Company does not anticipate a material
increase in these types of expenses during fiscal 1999, although no assurances
can be given to that effect. The Company considers these types of environmental
expenditures normal operating expenses and includes them in cost of goods sold.
Foreign Exchange. The Company enters into forward foreign exchange
contracts to reduce risk due to Canadian dollar exchange rate movements. The
Company does not engage in currency speculation. The forward foreign exchange
contracts have varying maturities with none exceeding 18 months. The Company
makes net settlements of
25
28
United States dollars for Canadian dollars at rates agreed to at inception of
the contracts. The Company had a notional amount of approximately $54 million
and $20 million of forward foreign exchange contracts outstanding to buy
Canadian dollars at September 30, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The deferred loss
on these forward foreign exchange contracts at September 30, 1998 was $5 million
and at September 30, 1997 was less than $1 million.
ACCOUNTING CHANGES
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No 128, "Earnings Per Share" which
establishes standards for computing and presenting earnings per share ("EPS").
SFAS No. 128 replaces the presentation of primary EPS previously prescribed by
Accounting Principles Board ("APB") Opinion No. 15 with a presentation of basic
EPS, which is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by
the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The
Statement also requires dual presentation of basic and diluted EPS. Diluted EPS
is computed similarly to fully diluted EPS pursuant to APB No. 15. Pro forma
basic and diluted EPS for all historical periods presented, assuming that SFAS
No. 128 was effective at the beginning of each such historical period, would not
be materially different from what has been presented using APB No. 15. The
Company adopted SFAS No. 128 for fiscal 1998 and has restated prior year amounts
to reflect adoption of the new standard.
SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income," established standards for
reporting and displaying of comprehensive income and its components. SFAS No.
131, "Disclosure About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,"
establishes standards for the way that public business enterprises report
information about operating segments in interim and annual financial statements.
SFAS No. 132, "Employers' Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement
Benefits," establishes revisions to employers' disclosure about pension and
other post retirement benefit plans. Management is evaluating the disclosures
required when these three statements are adopted in the first quarter of fiscal
1999.
SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities," establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative
instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other
contracts and for hedging activities. Management is evaluating the disclosures
required when this statement is adopted in the first quarter of fiscal 2000.
CERTAIN KNOWN EVENTS, TRENDS, UNCERTAINTIES, AND RISK FACTORS
Raw Material Prices and Availability. For each of the Company's products,
the cost of raw materials and utilities is far greater than all other costs of
production combined. Therefore, an adequate supply of raw materials at
reasonable prices is critical to the success of the Company's business. Most of
the raw materials used by the Company are supplied by others, and many of them
are subject to wide price fluctuations for a variety of reasons beyond the
Company's control, including changes in the availability of these products
because of major capacity additions or significant plant operating problems.
Although no assurances can be given, the Company believes that it will continue
to secure adequate supplies of all its raw materials at acceptable prices. The
primary raw material for acrylic fibers is acrylonitrile, which is produced by
the Company. However, as part of the AFB Acquisition, the Company assumed an
existing acrylonitrile supply agreement, which expires February 28, 2002,
pursuant to which Sterling Fibers purchases all of the Santa Rosa Plant's
requirements for acrylonitrile from Cytec. Upon the expiration of such supply
contract, the Company expects to supply all of Sterling Fibers' acrylonitrile
requirements from the Texas City Plant.
Cyclical Markets for Products; Capacity Increases on Key Petrochemical
Products. The prices of the Company's petrochemical and fibers and pulp chemical
products are cyclical and sensitive to overall supply relative to demand and the
level of general business activity. Large global capacity additions of styrene
and acrylonitrile were completed in 1997 and 1998. For styrene, approximately
6-7 billion pounds of new capacity was added, and for acrylonitrile,
approximately one billion pounds of new capacity was added. The resulting impact
on prices and margins negatively impacted the Company's results in fiscal 1998.
The Company believes that these completed and announced global capacity
additions in styrene and acrylonitrile will result in continued overcapacity for
these markets in the foreseeable future.
Environmental and Safety Matters. The Company's operations involve the
handling, production, transportation, treatment, and disposal of materials that
are classified as hazardous or toxic waste and that are extensively regulated by
environmental and health and safety laws and regulations. Environmental permits
required for the Company's operations are subject to periodic renewal and can be
revoked or modified for cause or when new or revised environmental laws or
permit requirements are implemented. Changing and increasingly strict
environmental laws, regulations, and permit requirements can affect the
manufacture, handling, processing, distribution, and use of the
26
29
Company's chemical products and, if so, the Company's business and operations
may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, changes in the law,
regulations, and permit requirements can cause the Company to incur substantial
costs in upgrading or redesigning its facilities and processes, including its
waste treatment, storage, disposal, and other waste handling practices and
equipment. For these reasons, the Company's estimates of future environmental
expenditures and liabilities are uncertain.
A business risk inherent in all chemical operations is the potential for
personal injury and property damage claims from nearby landowners and occupants.
While the Company believes that its business operations and facilities generally
are operated in compliance with all material aspects of applicable environmental
and health and safety laws, regulations, and disclosure requirements, there can
be no assurance that past practices and future operations will not result in
material claims or regulatory action, require material environmental
expenditures, or result in exposure or injury claims by employees and the
public. Some risk of environmental costs and liabilities are inherent in the
operations and products of the Company, as it is with other companies engaged in
similar businesses. In addition, a catastrophe at any of the Company's
facilities could result in liabilities to the Company in excess of its insurance
coverages.
The Company's pulp chemical business is sensitive to potential
environmental regulations. On November 14, 1997, the EPA enacted regulations,
commonly referred to as the "Cluster Rules", that support substitution of
chlorine dioxide for elemental chlorine in paper pulp bleaching processes to
reduce the amount of AOX and other chlorine derivatives in bleach plant
effluent. Chlorine dioxide is produced from sodium chlorate, which is one of the
Company's pulp chemical products. Thus, regulations restricting, but not
altogether banning, AOX and other chlorine derivatives in bleach plant effluent
have a favorable effect on the Company's business.
On May 7, 1998, several conservation groups and an Indian tribe instigated
litigation in the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (San Francisco)
challenging the EPA's passage of the Cluster Rules. See Item 1
"Business-Environmental Matters" for a more detailed discussion of this
litigation. The Company believes that the industry's position in such actions is
likely to prevail, although no assurances can be given to that effect. Even if
industry does prevail in such actions, the existence of such actions adds a
measure of uncertainty as to rate of implementation of the Cluster Rules, which
could negatively affect the performance of the Company's sodium chlorate
operations.
Any significant ban on all chlorine containing compounds could have a
materially adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and results of
operations. British Columbia has a regulation in place requiring elimination of
the use of all chlorine products, including chlorine dioxide, in the bleaching
process by the year 2002. The pulp and paper industry believes that a ban of
chlorine dioxide in the bleaching process will yield no measurable environmental
or public health benefit and is working to change this regulation but there can
be no assurance that the regulation will be changed. In the event such a
regulation is implemented, the Company would seek to sell the products it
manufactures at its British Columbia facility to customers in other markets. The
Company is not aware of any other laws or regulations in place in North America
which would restrict the use of such products for other purposes.
Legal Proceedings. The Company is currently a party to several legal
proceedings. See the information under "Legal Proceedings" in Note 7 to
Consolidated Financial Statements, which is incorporated by reference, for a
more detailed description of these proceedings. The Company is not able to
predict the final outcome of these proceedings, and there can be no assurance
that the ultimate resolution will not have a material adverse effect on the
Company's financial condition, results of operations, and/or liquidity.
Additional legal proceedings could be commenced against the Company in the
future. See "Environmental and Safety Matters." These proceedings could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, results of
operations, and liquidity.
High Financial Leverage, Substantial Restrictions, and Covenants. The
Company had consolidated indebtedness of $883 million and deficiency in assets
of $348 million at September 30, 1998. The Company may in the future incur
additional debt in order to finance acquisitions or for general corporate
purposes. The Company's high degree of leverage could have important
consequences, including the following: (i) the ability to obtain additional
financing in the future (including amounts available under the Revolver) for
working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, general corporate purposes,
and other purposes, if needed, may be restricted; (ii) a substantial portion of
cash flow from operations will be dedicated to cover cash interest requirements,
thereby limiting the funds available for operations and any future business
opportunities; and (iii) the degree of leverage may make the Company more
vulnerable to a downturn in its businesses or the economy generally. There can
be no assurance that the Company's internally generated funds and availability
to credit will be sufficient to enable the Company to meet its debt service
obligations. For this and other reasons, the Company may determine to raise
additional equity capital through one or more public or private transactions.
Such transactions could be dilutive to all or a portion of the Company's common
stockholders and could adversely affect prevailing market prices of the
Company's common stock.
27
30
The Company's debt instruments contain numerous financial and operating
covenants which (i) restrict the Company's ability to incur indebtedness, pay
dividends, create liens, sell assets, engage in certain mergers and
acquisitions, and refinance existing indebtedness, (ii) obligate the Company to
maintain certain financial ratios, including an interest coverage ratio, a
current ratio, a fixed charge coverage ratio, a leverage ratio, and a senior
debt leverage ratio, and (iii) may limit the Company's ability to carry out its
acquisition strategy. Certain of these ratios escalate over time, and therefore
the Company will be required to have increased cash flows and operating results
in future periods in order to maintain compliance with the terms of such debt
instruments. The instruments governing future debt of the Company, if any, may
also contain similar covenants. The ability of the Company to comply with such
covenants and other terms of its debt instruments and to satisfy its other debt
obligations will depend on the future performance of the Company, which is
subject to prevailing economic conditions and the risks and uncertainties
discussed herein, many of which are beyond its control. There can be no
assurance that the Company will be able to comply with such covenants and terms
in the future. The failure of the Company to comply with any of these covenants
would permit the lenders to accelerate the maturity of the indebtedness owing to
them and to exercise other remedies provided for in the debt instruments.
In the event of a change of control and under certain other circumstances,
Holdings will be required to offer to purchase all of its outstanding 13 1/2%
Notes and Chemicals will be required to offer to purchase all of its outstanding
11 1/4% Notes and 11 3/4% Notes, in each case subject to certain conditions, at
a price equal to 101% of the Accreted Value with respect to the 13 1/2% Notes,
and 101% of the principal amount thereof with respect to the 11 1/4% Notes and
11 3/4% Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any.
The markets for many of the Company's products are cyclical and sensitive
to the level of general business activity. See "Overview" and "Cyclical Markets
for Products; Capacity Increases on Key Petrochemical Products." Weakness in the
level of worldwide economic activity or in the markets for one or more of the
Company's major products could have a material adverse effect on the Company's
ability to meet its debt service obligations and comply with the restrictions
imposed by its debt instruments.
Assets Pledged to Secure Debt. The Company has granted liens on
substantially all of its assets to secure its senior debt. If an event of
default occurs, the lenders will have the right to foreclose upon such
collateral or to take other actions to protect their interests, in each case
without the approval of the Company or its stockholders. Foreclosure would
involve a disposal of substantially all the Company's assets and could result in
an investment loss.
Highly Competitive Industry. The industries in which the Company operates
are highly competitive. Many of the Company's competitors, particularly in the
petrochemical industry, are larger, are better capitalized, and have
substantially greater financial resources than the Company. Among the Company's
competitors are some of the world's largest chemical companies, many of whom
have their own raw material resources. In addition, a significant portion of the
Company's business is based upon widely available technology. The entrance of
new competitors into the industry and the addition by existing competitors of
new capacity may reduce the Company's ability to maintain profit margins or its
ability to preserve its market share, or both. Such developments could have a
negative impact on the Company's ability to maintain existing profit margins or
to obtain higher profit margins, even during periods of increased demand for the
Company's products. The competitiveness of Sterling Fibers with respect to its
specialty textiles and technical fibers products (which are its higher margin
products) is maintained, to a significant extent, through the exclusive
ownership or use of certain product and manufacturing technology. If competitors
of Sterling Fibers gain access to the use of similar technology, or render such
technology obsolete through the introduction of superior technology, the
financial condition of Sterling Fibers would be materially affected in an
adverse manner.
Dependence on Texas City Plant. All of the Company's petrochemicals,
including all of its styrene and acrylonitrile, are produced at the Texas City
Plant. Significant unscheduled downtime at the Texas City Plant due to equipment
breakdowns, interruptions in the supply of raw materials, power failures,
natural forces, or any other cause, including the normal hazards associated with
the production of petrochemicals, could have a material adverse effect on the
Company. Although the Company maintains insurance, including business
interruption insurance, that it considers to be adequate under the
circumstances, there can be no assurance that a significant interruption in the
operation of the Texas City Plant would not have a material adverse effect on
the Company's financial condition and results of operations.
Ability to Complete Acquisitions. An element of the Company's stated
business strategy is to pursue strategic acquisitions that either expand or
complement the Company's products. The financing for such acquisitions will
likely affect the Company's capitalization. There can be no assurance that the
Company will be able to identify and make acquisitions on terms favorable to it
or that the Company will be able to obtain financing for such acquisitions on
terms the Company finds acceptable. As of September 30, 1998, the financial
covenants contained in various debt instruments of the Company operate to limit
the amount of additional debt that may be incurred by the Company, although,
under certain
28
31
circumstances, additional debt may be incurred by the Company to finance future
acquisitions if the debt is incurred in Unrestricted Subsidiaries or if the pro
forma effect of the acquisition has a sufficient positive impact on certain
financial ratios.
Long-Term Contracts and Significant Customers. The Company sells portions
of its styrene and acrylonitrile production under long-term contracts, and sells
all of its acetic acid and plasticizers production under long-term contracts
with single customers. These contracts are intended to provide some stability if
demand for or prices of these products decline significantly, but also limit the
Company's ability to take full advantage of attractive market conditions during
periods of higher prices for these products. During fiscal 1998, a significant
portion of the Company's production from the Texas City Plant was dedicated to
multi-year contracts with Solutia, Bayer, BP, and BASF. Under certain market
conditions, the loss of one or more of these customers or a material reduction
in the amount of product purchased by one or more of them could have a material
adverse effect on the Company. Solutia has elected to terminate an acrylonitrile
purchase agreement, effective September 1, 2000. The Company does not believe
this termination will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition,
results of operations, or cash flows, although no assurance can be given to that
effect.
Foreign Operations, Country Risks, and Exchange Rate Fluctuations.
Approximately 21% of the Company's fiscal 1998 revenues were derived from its
Canadian-based pulp chemicals business and approximately 28% were derived from
export sales. International operations and exports to foreign markets are
subject to a number of special risks, including currency exchange rate
fluctuations, trade barriers, exchange controls, national and regional labor
strikes, political risks, and risks of increases in duties, taxes, and
governmental royalties, as well as changes in laws and policies governing
operations of foreign-based companies. In addition, earnings of foreign
subsidiaries and intercompany payments are subject to foreign income tax rules
that may reduce cash flow available to meet required debt service and other
obligations of the Company.
Since the Company derives most of its pulp chemical revenues from
production and sales by subsidiaries within Canada, the Company has organized
its subsidiary structure and its operations in part based on certain assumptions
about various Canadian tax laws, currency exchange laws, and capital
repatriation laws and other relevant laws. While the Company believes that such
assumptions are correct, there can be no assurance that Canadian taxing or other
authorities will reach the same conclusion. If such assumptions are incorrect,
or if Canada were to change or modify such laws or the current interpretations
thereof, the Company may suffer material adverse tax and financial consequences.
A portion of the Company's expenses and sales are denominated in Canadian
dollars and, accordingly, the Company's revenues, cash flows, and earnings may
be affected by fluctuations in the exchange rate between the United States
dollar and the Canadian dollar, which may also have material adverse tax
consequences. In addition, because a portion of the Company's sales, cost of
goods sold, and other expenses are denominated in Canadian dollars, the Company
has a translation exposure to fluctuations in the Canadian dollar against the
United States dollar. These currency fluctuations could have a material adverse
impact on the Company as increases in the value of the Canadian dollar have the
effect of increasing the United States dollar equivalent of cost of goods sold
and other expenses with respect to the Company's Canadian production facilities.
The Company enters into forward foreign exchange contracts to hedge such
exposure for periods consistent with its committed exposure, but does not engage
in currency speculation.
Subsidiary Operations. All of Holdings' operations are conducted, and all of
Holdings' assets are owned, by its subsidiaries (including Chemicals). The right
of Holdings, and thus the right of its stockholders, to participate in any
distribution of earnings or assets of Holdings' subsidiaries is subject to the
claims of creditors of such subsidiaries. Holdings' subsidiaries are parties to
various debt documents and other agreements that limit their ability to incur
additional indebtedness and to provide funds to Holdings by way of dividends,
distributions, and advances. A substantial portion of Chemicals' operations are
conducted, and a substantial portion of Chemicals' assets are owned, by its
subsidiaries. The right of Chemicals, and thus the right of its stockholder
(Holdings), to participate in any distribution of earnings or assets of
Chemicals' subsidiaries is subject to the claims of creditors of such
subsidiaries. Chemicals' subsidiaries are parties to various debt documents and
other agreements that limit their ability to incur additional indebtedness and
to provide funds to Chemicals by way of dividends, distributions, and advances.
Year 2000 Issue. Certain computer systems and other equipment with computer
chips store dates as two digits rather than four to define the applicable year
(e.g. 97 for 1997). Any clock or date recording mechanism (including date
sensitive software) which uses only two digits to represent the year may
interpret the digits "00" as the year 1900 rather than the year 2000. This could
result in a system failure or miscalculations causing serious disruption of
operations. As is the case with most companies, the Company is in the process,
using both internal and external resources, of addressing the Year 2000 issue.
The Company is currently engaged in a comprehensive project intended to upgrade
its information technology (IT) systems (such as computer systems and software)
and non-IT systems (such as process
29
32
control systems and other equipment that utilize embedded chips to control
various functions) to systems that will consistently and properly recognize the
Year 2000 and subsequent years.
The Company has conducted an inventory of its hardware and software and
made a preliminary assessment of the Year 2000 compliance of its business and
process control systems. This preliminary assessment determined which of the
Company's business and process control systems are critical to its business.
Those systems deemed to be critical were assigned a higher priority in the Year
2000 remediation effort as compared to other non-critical systems. In this phase
of the project, the Company discovered certain Year 2000 deficiencies in its
business systems and initiated plans to rectify such issues in the remediation
and replacement phase of the project. The preliminary assessment of the
Company's process control systems did not detect any material Year 2000
difficulties. The Company then engaged a nationally recognized independent
consultant to perform a more detailed survey of all of its business and process
control systems (both critical and non-critical) to confirm the absence of any
additional material Year 2000 deficiencies, which survey is scheduled to be
completed by December 31, 1998. In the event that the survey does reveal
additional material Year 2000 deficiencies, the Company plans to initiate the
remediation or replacement of such systems.
In the second phase of the Company's Year 2000 project, the Company
believes it is taking the necessary steps to rectify all material Year 2000
deficiencies. A major component of this effort involves the replacement of all
critical business systems, which may not be Year 2000 compliant with new
business systems intended to be Year 2000 compliant. All of such projects are
scheduled to be completed by mid-year 1999. If the Company's consultant
determines that any additional systems under review have material Year 2000
deficiencies, the Company plans to take appropriate remedial action.
The final phase of the Company's Year 2000 project involves testing all
critical systems to confirm that such systems will react properly to the advent
of the year 2000. The Company is in the process of conducting tests on all of
its current IT and non-IT systems that were not identified as having Year 2000
deficiencies and anticipates that all such testing will be completed by April 1,
1999. Once the remediation and replacement phase is completed, the Company will
conduct tests on all newly installed and updated systems to determine if they
are Year 2000 compliant. Such testing is expected to be completed by mid-year
1999.
The total estimated expense for the Company's Year 2000 compliance projects
is approximately $7 to $10 million, of which the Company has incurred
approximately $3 million through September 30, 1998. The Company has and will
fund such expense out of its operating cash flow and/or borrowings under its
credit facilities.
Irrespective of the efforts of the Company, certain Year 2000 problems,
such as processing failures, error messages, or incorrect data may still occur
in some of its computer systems if the Company receives programs and/or data
from third parties who are not Year 2000 compliant. Moreover, the Company's
business may be disrupted in other ways by Year 2000 problems of third parties,
which may affect, for example, the Company's ability to obtain needed materials
or deliver its products. The Company is in the process of determining whether
vendors, customers, and others with whom it deals are Year 2000 compliant and
has requested that such persons (other than those that the Company believes do
not have a material impact on the business of the Company or its operations)
complete and return surveys with respect to their Year 2000 issues. The Company
had not received any survey response which indicates that any of such persons
has any specific Year 2000 problems. However, no assurances can be given that a
Year 2000 problem will not occur for the Company as a result of a Year 2000
problem of a vendor or customer of the Company or some other person with whom
the Company deals.
While the Company's Year 2000 projects are expected to be successfully
completed by mid-year 1999, it is possible that one or more of such projects may
not be completed or that compliance efforts may be ineffective. A failure to
properly and timely correct any Year 2000 deficiencies would affect the Company
on several levels. If the Company's Year 2000 remediation efforts were to prove
unsuccessful, the Company might be unable to take orders, sell products, and
otherwise generally conduct its business. Since the Company's business is
characterized by large volume sales to a relatively limited number of customers,
the Company believes that, with the engagement of additional personnel, orders
could be processed and deliveries completed through manual means. In preparation
for such a scenario, the Company has outlined a contingency plan to guide the
hiring and training of additional personnel and the processing of paperwork by
manual means.
Although the Company believes that it is taking the appropriate courses of
action to ensure that it is Year 2000 compliant, there can be no assurance that
the actions discussed herein will have the anticipated results or that Year 2000
problems will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial
condition or results of operations. Specific factors which might affect the
success of the Company's Year 2000 efforts and the occurrence of Year 2000
disruption or expense include failure of the Company or its consultant to
properly identify deficient systems, the failure of the
30
33
selected remedial action to adequately address the deficiencies, the failure of
the Company's consultant to complete the remediation in a timely manner (due to
shortages of qualified labor or other factors), unforeseen expenses related to
the remediation of existing systems or the transition to replacement systems,
and the failure of third parties to become compliant or to adequately notify the
Company of potential noncompliance.
Labor Relations. Approximately 40% of the Company's employees are covered
under various union contracts. Approximately 27% of the Company's employees are
covered by one union contract, which expires on May 1, 1999 (the "Texas City
Union Contract"). The Company is in the process of negotiating for a new union
contract to replace the existing Texas City Union Contract. The Company's
objective is for the new Texas City Union Contract to provide work rules and
other changes that are more favorable to the Company and that will improve the
competitiveness of the Texas City Plant. The Company is not able to predict if
it will be successful in replacing the existing Texas City Union Contract or, if
so, the extent to which the new contract will improve the competitiveness of the
Texas City Plant.
Although the Company believes its relationship with its employees is
generally good, a strike by one or more of the unions representing the Company's
employees could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial
condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
31
34
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth revenues, gross profit, and operating income
for the Company's primary segments for the years ended September 30, 1998, 1997,
and 1996.
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
-------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------ ------ ------
(Dollars in Millions)
REVENUES:
Petrochemicals and Fibers ................. $ 622 $ 728 $ 633
Pulp Chemicals ............................ 201 181 157
------ ------ ------
$ 823 $ 909 $ 790
====== ====== ======
GROSS PROFIT:
Petrochemicals and Fibers ................. $ 31 $ 33 $ 53
Pulp Chemicals ............................ 59 63 58
------ ------ ------
$ 90 $ 96 $ 111
====== ====== ======
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS):
Petrochemicals and Fibers ................. $ (3) $ 11 $ 31
Pulp Chemicals ............................ 36 46 36
------ ------ ------
$ 33 $ 57 $ 67
====== ====== ======
COMPARISON OF FISCAL 1998 TO FISCAL 1997
Revenues for fiscal 1998 were $823 million compared to revenues of $909
million for fiscal 1997, a decrease of 9%. The decrease in revenues resulted
primarily from lower styrene, acrylonitrile, and methanol sales prices and
reduced styrene sales volumes, partially offset by a full year of operations
from the AFB Acquisition and the Saskatoon Acquisition. Revenues excluding the
impact of the AFB Acquisition and the Saskatoon Acquisition would have been $676
million and $807 million for fiscal 1998 and 1997, respectively. A net loss of
$48.6 million, or $3.99 per share, was recorded for fiscal 1998 compared to a
net loss of $29.0 million, or $2.58 per share, for fiscal 1997. Increased losses
for fiscal 1998, as compared to fiscal 1997, were primarily due to: (i) reduced
styrene, acrylonitrile, sodium chlorate, and methanol margins, (ii) weak markets
in acrylic fibers, (iii) increased interest expense resulting from financings
related to the AFB Acquisition and the Saskatoon Acquisition, and the issuance
of the 11 1/4% Notes, the proceeds of which were used to prepay outstanding
indebtedness under the Term Loans, (iv) increased selling, general, and
administrative ("SG&A") expense, and (v) costs associated with workforce
reductions, all of which were partially offset by the results of the Sterling
Sask's operations.
Revenues, Cost of Goods, and Gross Profit
Petrochemicals and Fibers
For fiscal 1998, the Company's revenues from its petrochemical and fibers
businesses decreased to $622 million when compared to fiscal 1997 revenues of
$728 million. The 15% decrease in revenues was primarily due to reduced styrene,
acrylonitrile, and methanol sales prices and decreased styrene sales volumes.
The economic conditions in Asia negatively impacted market conditions in the
fiscal 1998 period, particularly for the Company's styrene, acrylonitrile, and
acrylic fibers products. The Company's petrochemicals and fibers businesses
recorded an operating loss of $3 million for fiscal 1998 compared to operating
income of $11 million for fiscal 1997. The decrease in operating results for
fiscal 1998, as compared to fiscal 1997, was primarily due to weaker operational
performance in styrene, acrylonitrile, and methanol, partially offset by
stronger performance in acetic acid.
Styrene revenues decreased 24% to $237 million in fiscal 1998, compared to
fiscal 1997. Styrene sales prices decreased 11% for fiscal 1998 as compared to
the prior year period. In addition, styrene sales volumes decreased 16% for
fiscal 1998 as compared to the prior year period. These decreases in sales
prices and volumes were primarily due to weaker market conditions, particularly
in Asia. The prices of styrene's major raw materials, benzene and ethylene, were
approximately 14% and 25% lower, respectively, during fiscal 1998 as compared to
fiscal 1997. Styrene margins decreased in fiscal 1998 compared to fiscal 1997,
as significantly lower sales prices more then offset the lower raw materials
costs.
Acrylonitrile revenues decreased 23% to $112 million in fiscal 1998,
compared to fiscal 1997. Acrylonitrile sales prices decreased 25% in fiscal
1998, as compared to the prior year period. The lower sales price was primarily
due to
32
35
weaker market conditions, primarily in Asia. Acrylonitrile sales volumes
increased 2% in fiscal 1998, as compared to the prior year period. The prices of
acrylonitrile's major raw materials, propylene and ammonia, were approximately
28% and 25% lower, respectively, in fiscal 1998 as compared to the comparable
period in fiscal 1997. Acrylonitrile margins decreased in fiscal 1998 compared
to fiscal 1997, as significantly lower sales prices more then offset the lower
raw material costs.
Revenues from the Company's acrylic fibers business for fiscal 1998 were
$100 million. The Company consummated the AFB Acquisition on January 31, 1997
and recorded revenues of $92 million for fiscal 1997. Sterling Fibers
performance in fiscal 1998 was negatively impacted by weak market conditions,
particularly in Asia, and imports from European suppliers.
Revenues from the Company's other petrochemical products (including
methanol, acetic acid, plasticizers, TBA, and sodium cyanide) in fiscal 1998
decreased 5% to $173 million as compared to fiscal 1997. The decrease in
revenues was primarily due to a 16% decrease in methanol sales prices as a
result of overcapacity in the global methanol market, partially offset by better
operating performance in acetic acid. The Company's other petrochemical products
reported increased operating earnings in fiscal 1998 as compared to fiscal 1997.
The increase in operating earnings is primarily due to better operating
performance in acetic acid, partially offset by the aforementioned weaker
pricing in methanol.
Pulp Chemicals
Revenues from the Company's pulp chemical business for fiscal 1998
increased by approximately 11% to $201 million compared to fiscal 1997. The
increase in revenues was primarily due to an increase in sales volumes of sodium
chlorate of 12% compared to fiscal 1997. The increase in sales volumes was
primarily due to the additional volumes from the Saskatoon Acquisition in July
1997 and the startup of the Valdosta Plant in December 1996. Average sales
prices for sodium chlorate declined 7% in fiscal 1998, compared to fiscal 1997.
The decline in sodium chlorate sales prices was primarily due to decreased
demand as a result of lower pulp mill operating rates partially due to the
economic environment in various countries in Asia. The Company's pulp chemicals
business recorded operating earnings of $36 million in fiscal 1998, compared to
operating earnings of $46 million in fiscal 1997. The reduced operating earnings
in fiscal 1998 compared to fiscal 1997 is primarily due to reduced sodium
chlorate sales prices and higher energy costs in the current period, partially
offset by increased sodium chlorate sales volumes.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
SG&A expenses for fiscal 1998 totaled $51 million, compared to $38 million
in fiscal 1997. The increase was primarily due to SG&A expense related to the
new fibers business, the new Saskatoon chemical business, increased corporate
development activities, and costs associated with upgrades of certain of the
Company's information technology systems, which include Year 2000 compliance
activities.
Other Expenses
Other expense of $6 million in fiscal 1998 is related to the voluntary
severance programs offered by the Company in January and April 1998 at the Texas
City Plant.
Interest and Debt Related Expenses
Interest and debt related expense for fiscal 1998 increased $16 million
compared to fiscal 1997 primarily due to the additional debt incurred in the
connection with the AFB Acquisition and the Saskatoon Acquisition and the
issuance of the 11 1/4% Notes. The proceeds of the 11 1/4% Notes were used to
prepay outstanding indebtedness under the Term Loans.
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes
Benefit for income taxes for fiscal 1998 was $26 million, with an effective
tax rate of 36%, compared to $7 million, with an effective tax rate of 23%, for
fiscal 1997. The increase in the benefit was primarily the result of the
Company's pre-tax loss of approximately $72 million for fiscal 1998 compared to
a pre-tax loss of $31 million in fiscal 1997.
Extraordinary Item
The $4 million after-tax ($6 million pre-tax) extraordinary item in fiscal
1997 related to unamortized debt issue costs which were expensed in April 1997
as a result of the partial prepayment of the Term Loans.
33
36
COMPARISON OF FISCAL 1997 TO FISCAL 1996
Revenues for fiscal 1997 were $909 million compared to revenues of $790
million for fiscal 1996, an increase of 15%. The increase in revenues resulted
primarily from eight months of operations from the AFB Acquisition, three months
of operations from the Saskatoon Acquisition, the startup of the Valdosta Plant
in December 1996, and the startup of the methanol unit in August 1996. A net
loss of $28 million, or $2.58 per share, was recorded in fiscal 1997 compared to
net income of $31.6 million, or $0.62 per share, in fiscal 1996. The net loss in
fiscal 1997 as compared to net income in fiscal 1996 was primarily due to
reduced styrene and acrylonitrile margins and volumes and increased interest
expense resulting from the financings related to the 1996 Recapitalization, the
AFB Acquisition, and the Saskatoon Acquisition, all partially offset by the
results of the acrylic fibers and Saskatoon operations.
Revenues, Cost of Goods, and Gross Profit
Petrochemicals and Fibers
For fiscal 1997, the Company's revenues from its petrochemical and fibers
businesses increased to $728 million, when compared to fiscal 1996 revenues of
$633 million. The AFB Acquisition and the new methanol unit had a positive
impact on revenues in fiscal 1997, partially offset by reduced styrene and
acrylonitrile average sales prices and sales volumes. The Company's
petrochemical and fibers businesses recorded operating income of $11 million in
fiscal 1997 as compared to $31 million in fiscal 1996. The decrease in operating
income was primarily due to weaker operational performance in styrene and
acrylonitrile, mostly offset by the positive impact of the methanol unit and the
AFB Acquisition.
Styrene revenues for fiscal 1997 decreased 4% as compared to fiscal 1996
due to average sales prices decreasing by approximately 2% primarily as a result
of weaker market conditions, particularly in the export market. In addition,
fiscal 1997 sales volumes decreased by approximately 5% as compared to fiscal
1996. The prices of styrene's major raw materials, benzene and ethylene, were
substantially higher during fiscal 1997 compared to fiscal 1996. Benzene prices
were approximately 10% higher while ethylene prices were approximately 18%
higher. These price escalations contributed significantly to the decline in
styrene margins as market conditions did not allow for sufficient styrene price
increases to compensate for these rising costs.
Acrylonitrile revenues for fiscal 1997 decreased 9% as a result of a
decline of approximately 6% in sales volumes and approximately 3% in average
sales prices. The 6% reduction in volumes in fiscal 1997 were primarily due to a
partial shutdown during the third quarter as a result of operating difficulties
following the completion of a capital project. The prices of propylene and
ammonia, which are the major raw materials used to make acrylonitrile, were
approximately 14% and 13% higher, respectively, in fiscal 1997 than in fiscal
1996. The combination of lower average sales prices and higher raw materials
costs resulted in lower acrylonitrile margins in fiscal 1997 as compared to
fiscal 1996.
Sterling Fibers recorded eight months of revenues of approximately $92
million since its acquisition on January 31, 1997.
Revenues during fiscal 1997 from the Company's other petrochemical products
(including methanol, acetic acid, plasticizers, TBA, and sodium cyanide)
increased approximately 23% when compared to fiscal 1996 revenues primarily due
to the impact of the methanol unit completion in August 1996, partially offset
by a decline in acetic acid revenues resulting from a procedural change in the
billings under the Company's production contract with BP and the recording of
related revenues. Prior to the startup of the Company's methanol unit, the
Company purchased the methanol used in the production of acetic acid. Under the
BP contract, such purchases were ultimately re-billed to BP and included in
acetic acid revenues. Methanol for acetic acid production is supplied by the
Company's methanol facility and is included in methanol revenues. In addition,
the Company's other petrochemical products reported increased operating earnings
in fiscal 1997 as compared to fiscal 1996, primarily due to the aforementioned
methanol unit completion and better operating performance in acetic acid.
Pulp Chemicals
Revenues from the Company's pulp chemical business for fiscal 1997
increased by approximately 15% to $181 million compared to fiscal 1996. The
increase in revenues was primarily due to an increase in sales revenues from
sodium chlorate of 17% compared to fiscal 1996, as a result of the startup of
the Valdosta Plant in fiscal 1997, and the additional revenues of the Saskatoon
Acquisition. Average sales prices for sodium chlorate declined 5% in fiscal 1997
34
37
compared to fiscal 1996. Operating earnings for the pulp chemicals business were
$46 million for fiscal 1997 compared to $36 million in fiscal 1996. The increase
was primarily due to increased sales volumes of sodium chlorate.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
SG&A expenses for fiscal 1997 totaled $38 million, compared to $40 million
in fiscal 1996. This decrease was related to $4 million in SAR expenses, which
were paid, as a part of the Merger in fiscal 1996.
Interest and Debt Related Expenses
Interest and debt related expense for fiscal 1997 increased $76 million
compared to fiscal 1996 primarily due to the additional debt incurred in the
1996 Recapitalization, the AFB Acquisition, and the Saskatoon Acquisition.
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes
Provision (benefit) for income taxes for fiscal 1997 was $(7) million, with
an effective tax rate of 23%, compared to $17 million, with an effective tax
rate of 34% for fiscal 1996. The decrease in the provision was primarily the
result of the Company's pre-tax loss of approximately $31 million for fiscal
1997 compared to pre-tax income of $50 million in fiscal 1996.
Extraordinary Item
The $4 million after-tax ($6 million pre-tax) extraordinary item in fiscal
1997 related to unamortized debt issue costs which were expensed in April 1997
as a result of the partial prepayment of the Term Loans. The extraordinary item
in fiscal 1996 of $2 million after-tax ($3 million pre-tax) related to the loss
on early extinguishment of debt resulting from the 1996 Recapitalization.
35
38
ITEM 7A. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The table below provides information about the Company's market sensitive
financial instruments and constitutes a "forward-looking statement." The
Company's major market risk exposure is changing interest rates, primarily in
the United States. Interest rate swaps may be used to adjust interest rate
exposure, when appropriate, based upon market conditions. A portion of the
Company's borrowings and transactions are denominated in foreign currencies
which exposes the Company to market risk associated with exchange rate
movements. The Company's policy generally is to hedge a portion of foreign
currency cash exposures through foreign exchange forward contracts. These
contracts are entered into with major financial institutions thereby minimizing
the risk of credit loss. All items described are non-trading and are stated in
U.S. dollars.
FAIR
EXPECTED MATURITY DATES VALUE
(IN THOUSANDS) 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 THEREAFTER TOTAL SEPTEMBER
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---------- ----- ----------
30, 1998
DEBT
U.S. $ denominated $ 5,941 $ 13,202 $ 24,662 $ 31,442 $ 84,607 $ 708,979 $ 868,833 $ 767,046
Average interest rates
- fixed -- -- -- -- -- 12.2%
Average interest rates
- variable (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) (a)
Interest rate swaps $ 49,107 $ 31,250 $ 13,393 -- -- -- $ 2,251(b)
Canadian $ denominated $ 2,968 $ 1,938 $ 1,938 $ 3,035 $ 3,813 $ -- $ 13,692 $ 13,692
Average interest rates
- variable (c) (c) (c) (c) (c) --
FIRM COMMITMENTS, FORWARD
CONTRACTS
Contract notional amount
- U.S. $ sold $ 48,000 $ 6,000 -- -- -- -- $ 54,000 $ 49,300(d)
Average contractual
exchange rate 1.40 1.40 -- -- -- --
(a) The Term Loans, the ESOP Loan, and the Revolver borrowings bear interest,
at Chemicals' option, at an annual rate of either the Eurodollar Rate or
the Base Rate plus an Applicable Margin ranging from 0.5% to 3.5% depending
upon the Company's Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement). The
"Base Rate" is equal to the greater of the Prime Rate as announced from
time to time by the agent bank, the "Federal Funds Effective Rate" plus
1/2% or the "Base CD Rate" plus 1% (as such terms are defined in the Credit
Agreement). At September 30, 1998, the interest rates in effect for the
Tranche A term loan, the Tranche B term loan, and the ESOP Loan were 7.8%,
8.3%, and 7.8%, respectively.
(b) Represents unrealized loss.
(c) The Sterling Sask Tranche A term loan and the Saskatoon Revolver borrowings
bear interest, at the Company's option, at an annual rate of either the
Bankers Acceptance Rate or the Base Rate plus an Applicable Margin ranging
from 1% to 2.5% depending upon the Company's Leverage Ratio (as defined in
the Saskatoon Credit Agreement). The Tranche B term loan bears interest, at
the Company's option, at an annual rate of either the Eurodollar Rate or
the Base Rate plus an Applicable Margin ranging from 0% to 2.5% depending
upon the Company's Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Saskatoon Credit
Agreement). The "Base Rate" for the Tranche A term loan and the Saskatoon
Revolver is equal to the greater of the Prime Rate for Canadian Dollar
commercial loans made in Canada, as announced from time to time by the
agent bank, or the rate for Canadian Dollar Bankers Acceptances accepted by
the agent with a term to maturity of 30 days plus 1% (as such terms are
defined in the Saskatoon Credit Agreement). The "Base Rate" for the Tranche
B term loan is equal to the greater of the Prime Rate as announced from
time to time by the agent bank, the "Federal Funds Effective Rate" plus1/2%
or the "Base CD Rate" plus 1% (as such terms are defined in the Saskatoon
Credit Agreement). At September 30, 1998, the interest rates in effect for
the Tranche A and Tranche B term loans were 8.2% and 8.4%, respectively.
(d) Represents notional amount less unrealized foreign exchange losses.
36
39
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
STERLING CHEMICALS HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
---------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
--------- --------- ---------
Revenues ................................................. $ 822,590 $ 908,787 $ 790,465
Cost of goods sold ....................................... 732,411 813,148 679,039
--------- --------- ---------
Gross profit ............................................. 90,179 95,639 111,426
Selling, general and administrative expenses ............. 51,427 38,170 40,305
Other expense ............................................ 5,962 -- --
Merger related expenses .................................. -- -- 3,633
Write-off of assets ...................................... -- -- 3,706
Interest and debt related expenses, net of interest income 104,455 88,901 13,380
--------- --------- ---------
Income (loss) before taxes and extraordinary item ........ (71,665) (31,432) 50,402
Provision (benefit) for income taxes .................... (25,546) (7,296) 16,898
--------- --------- ---------
Income (loss) before extraordinary item .................. (46,119) (24,136) 33,504
Extraordinary item, loss on early extinguishment of debt,
net of tax (Note 4) .................................. -- 3,924 1,900
--------- --------- ---------
Net income (loss) ........................................ (46,119) (28,060) 31,604
Preferred stock dividends ................................ 2,460 905 --
--------- --------- ---------
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders .... $ (48,579) $ (28,965) $ 31,604
========= ========= =========
Per share data:
Income (loss) before extraordinary item .................. $ (3.99) $ (2.23) $ 0.66
Extraordinary item ....................................... -- (0.35) (0.04)
--------- --------- ---------
Net income (loss) per common share ....................... $ (3.99) $ (2.58) $ 0.62
========= ========= =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
37
40
STERLING CHEMICALS HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
SEPTEMBER 30,
------------------------
1998 1997
--------- ---------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents ................................................... $ 11,168 $ 7,958
Accounts receivable ......................................................... 114,571 167,248
Inventories ................................................................. 73,225 87,870
Prepaid expenses ............................................................ 15,571 10,956
Deferred income tax benefit ................................................. 5,140 10,005
--------- ---------
Total current assets ...................................................... 219,675 284,037
Property, plant and equipment, net ............................................. 450,315 492,036
Other assets ................................................................... 95,966 102,898
--------- ---------
Total assets .............................................................. $ 765,956 $ 878,971
========= =========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIENCY IN ASSETS)
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable ............................................................ $ 46,983 $ 80,658
Accrued liabilities ......................................................... 71,873 77,565
Current portion of long-term debt ........................................... 8,909 5,710
--------- ---------
Total current liabilities ................................................. 127,765 163,933
Long-term debt ................................................................. 873,616 876,281
Deferred income tax liability .................................................. 11,123 36,038
Deferred credits and other liabilities ......................................... 80,289 73,336
Common stock held by ESOP ...................................................... 5,938 7,688
Less: unearned compensation ................................................... (2,845) (5,570)
Redeemable preferred stock ..................................................... 18,249 15,793
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7) ......................................... -- --
Stockholders' equity (deficiency in assets):
Common stock, $.01 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized, 12,273,000 shares
issued and 12,073,000 outstanding at September 30, 1998; and 11,942,000
shares
issued and 11,714,000 outstanding at September 30, 1997 ................... 123 120
Additional paid-in capital .................................................. (542,701) (542,485)
Retained earnings ........................................................... 229,590 277,691
Pension adjustment .......................................................... (121) (31)
Accumulated translation adjustment .......................................... (32,559) (21,093)
Deferred compensation ....................................................... (111) --
--------- ---------
(345,779) (285,798)
Treasury stock, at cost, 200,000 and 228,000 shares at September 30, 1998
and 1997, respectively .................................................... (2,400) (2,730)
--------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity (deficiency in assets) ....................... (348,179) (288,528)
--------- ---------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficiency in assets) ..... $ 765,956 $ 878,971
========= =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
38
41
STERLING CHEMICALS HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIENCY IN ASSETS)
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
ADDITIONAL ACCUMULATED
COMMON STOCK PAID-IN RETAINED PENSION TRANSLATION DEFERRED TREASURY
SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL EARNINGS ADJUSTMENT ADJUSTMENT COMPENSATION STOCK
------- ----- --------- --------- --------- ---------- --------- --------
Balance, September 30, 1995 ... 60,327 $ 603 $ 33,269 $ 275,052 $ (1,556) $ (17,307) $ (129) $(50,614)
Net income ..................... -- -- -- 31,604 -- -- -- --
Redemption of common stock ..... (50,690) (507) (616,892) -- -- -- -- --
Common stock issued in
the 1996 Recapitalization .... 5,349 54 64,084 -- -- -- -- --
Employee stock purchase ........ 250 2 3,000 -- -- -- -- --
Stock warrants ................. -- -- 6,900 -- -- -- -- --
Translation adjustment ......... -- -- -- -- -- (1,817) -- --
Treasury stock transactions .... (4,637) (46) (50,438) -- -- -- -- 50,614
Amortization of deferred
compensation ................. -- -- -- -- -- -- 129 --
Pension adjustment ............. -- -- -- -- 1,556 -- -- --
------- ----- --------- --------- --------- ---------- --------- --------
Balance, September 30, 1996 ... 10,599 106 (560,077) 306,656 -- (19,124) -- --
Net loss ....................... -- -- -- (28,060) -- -- -- --
Common stock issued in
connection with AFB
Acquisition, net ............. 778 8 9,331 -- -- -- -- --
Preferred stock dividends ...... -- -- -- (905) -- -- -- --
Translation adjustment ......... -- -- -- -- -- (1,969) -- --
Employee stock purchase ........ (44) -- (531) -- -- -- -- --
Treasury stock purchases ....... (228) -- -- -- -- -- -- (2,730)
Common stock issued in
connection with the
Saskatoon Acquisition, net ... 609 6 6,379 -- -- -- -- --
Stock warrants ................ -- -- 2,413 -- -- -- -- --
Pension adjustment ............. -- -- -- -- (31) -- --
------- ----- --------- --------- --------- ---------- --------- --------
Balance, September 30, 1997 ... 11,714 120 (542,485) 277,691 (31) (21,093) -- (2,730)
Net loss ....................... -- -- -- (46,119) -- -- -- --
Common stock issued in
connection with the
exercise of warrants ......... 345 3 -- -- -- -- -- --
Preferred stock dividends ...... -- -- -- (2,460) -- -- -- --
Treasury shares issued
as restricted stock .......... 23 -- (48) -- -- -- (222) 270
Treasury shares issued to ESOP . -- -- (168) -- -- -- -- 168
Revaluation of ESOP shares to
independently appraised
market value ................. -- -- -- 478 -- -- -- --
Amortization of deferred
compensation ................. -- -- -- -- -- -- 111 --
Translation adjustment ......... -- -- -- -- -- (11,466) -- --
Treasury stock purchases ....... (9) -- -- -- -- -- -- (108)
Pension adjustment ............. -- -- -- -- (90) -- -- --
------- ----- --------- --------- --------- ---------- --------- --------
Balance, September 30, 1998 ... 12,073 $ 123 $(542,701) $ 229,590 $ (121) $ (32,559) $ (111) $ (2,400)
======= ===== ========= ========= ========= ========== ========= ========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
39
42
STERLING CHEMICALS HOLDINGS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
----------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
-------- --------- ---------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss) ................................................... $(46,119) $ (28,060) $ 31,604
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by
operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization .................................. 55,963 49,849 41,539
Interest amortization .......................................... 4,376 4,163 1,163
Loss on disposal/write off of assets ........................... 353 241 3,706
Extraordinary item ............................................. -- 3,924 1,900
Deferred tax expense (benefit) ................................. (14,877) 2,866 4,172
Accrued compensation including SARs ............................ -- -- 8,984
Merger related expenses ........................................ -- -- 3,633
Discount notes amortization .................................... 16,878 15,499 1,656
Other .......................................................... 1,467 2,087 (3,766)
Change in assets/liabilities:
Accounts receivable ............................................ 44,419 (8,985) (18,297)
Inventories .................................................... 13,675 (6,674) 14,147
Prepaid expenses ............................................... (2,852) (7,767) (5,173)
Other assets ................................................... 654 (1,754) (8,900)
Accounts payable ............................................... (32,896) (1,424) (5,454)
Accrued liabilities ............................................ (9,300) 27,305 (7,018)
Other liabilities .............................................. 14,143 (3,956) (295)
-------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by operating activities ........................... 45,884 47,314 63,601
-------- --------- ---------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures ........................................... (26,622) (43,428) (95,957)
Business acquisitions .......................................... -- (152,923) --
-------- --------- ---------
Net cash used in investing activities ............................... (26,622) (196,351) (95,957)
-------- --------- ---------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from long-term debt ................................... 59,862 375,260 800,350
Repayment of long-term debt .................................... (75,152) (236,104) (196,285)
Redemption of common stock ..................................... -- -- (616,160)
Purchase of other equity interests ............................. -- -- (14,587)
Issuance of common stock, net .................................. 3 18,721 64,040
Sale of warrants ............................................... -- 2,413 6,900
Debt issuance costs ............................................ -- (9,684) (33,070)
Other merger fees .............................................. -- -- (3,709)
Issuance of preferred stock .................................... -- 4,887 --
Purchase of treasury stock ..................................... (105) (3,256) --
Other .......................................................... 154 (627) (289)
-------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities ................. (15,238) 151,610 7,190
Effect of United States /Canadian exchange rate on cash ............. (814) (224) (107)
-------- --------- ---------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents ................ 3,210 2,349 (25,273)
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of year ....................... 7,958 5,609 30,882
-------- --------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents - end of year ............................. $ 11,168 $ 7,958 $ 5,609
======== ========= =========
Supplement disclosures of cash flow information:
Interest paid, net of interest income received ................. $(92,251) $ (60,387) $ (8,378)
Income taxes received (paid) ................................... 6,653 3,116 (15,618)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
40
43
STERLING CHEMICALS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
------------------------ MAY 14, 1996 (DATE OF INCEPTION)
1998 1997 TO SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 (1)
--------- --------- --------------------------------
Revenues ............................................ $ 822,590 $ 908,787 $ 83,410
Cost of goods sold .................................. 732,411 813,148 83,047
--------- --------- --------
Gross profit ........................................ 90,179 95,639 363
Selling, general and administrative expenses ........ 50,231 37,475 3,426
Other expense ....................................... 5,962 -- --
Interest and debt related expenses .................. 86,618 72,931 1,615
Interest income from parent ......................... -- (1,692) (5,236)
--------- --------- --------
Income (loss) before taxes and extraordinary item ... (52,632) (13,075) 558
Provision (benefit) for income taxes ................ (18,963) (2,148) 384
--------- --------- --------
Income (loss) before extraordinary item ............. (33,669) (10,927) 174
Extraordinary item, loss on early extinguishment
of debt, net of tax (Note 4) ..................... -- 3,924 --
--------- --------- --------
Net income (loss) ................................... $ (33,669) $ (14,851) $ 174
========= ========= ========
(1) See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a
discussion of merger activities and related financing. Prior to August
21, 1996, Chemicals had no operating activities, other than those
related to merger activities.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
41
44
STERLING CHEMICALS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
SEPTEMBER 30,
--------------------------
1998 1997
----------- -----------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents ......................................... $ 11,159 $ 7,958
Accounts receivable ............................................... 116,398 167,898
Inventories ....................................................... 73,225 87,870
Prepaid expenses .................................................. 13,632 10,031
Deferred income tax benefit ....................................... 5,140 10,005
----------- -----------
Total current assets ............................................ 219,554 283,762
Property, plant and equipment, net ................................... 450,315 492,036
Other assets ......................................................... 92,634 99,519
----------- -----------
Total assets .................................................... $ 762,503 $ 875,317
=========== ===========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY (DEFICIENCY IN ASSETS)
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable .................................................. $ 46,764 $ 80,658
Accrued liabilities ............................................... 71,873 77,565
Current portion of long-term debt ................................. 8,909 5,710
----------- -----------
Total current liabilities ......................................... 127,546 163,933
Long-term debt ....................................................... 745,720 768,870
Deferred income tax liability ........................................ 23,301 42,646
Deferred credits and other liabilities ............................... 83,288 73,337
Common stock held by ESOP ............................................ 5,938 7,688
Less: unearned compensation ......................................... (2,845) (5,570)
Commitments and contingencies ........................................ --
Stockholder's equity (deficiency in assets):
Common stock, $.01 par value ...................................... -- --
Additional paid-in capital ........................................ (139,786) (139,786)
Accumulated deficit ............................................... (47,868) (14,677)
Pension adjustment ................................................ (121) (31)
Accumulated translation adjustment ................................ (32,559) (21,093)
Deferred Compensation ............................................. (111) --
----------- -----------
Total stockholder's equity (deficiency in assets) ................. (220,445) (175,587)
----------- -----------
Total liabilities and stockholder's equity (deficiency in assets) . $ 762,503 $ 875,317
=========== ===========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
42
45
STERLING CHEMICALS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY (DEFICIENCY IN ASSETS)
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
ADDITIONAL ACCUMULATED
COMMON STOCK PAID-IN ACCUMULATED PENSION DEFERRED TRANSLATION
SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL DEFICIT ADJUSTMENT COMPENSATION ADJUSTMENT
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Balance, May 14,1996 ............. $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ --
Common stock issued .............. 1 -- 1 -- -- -- --
Capital transfer, net ............ -- -- (165,353) -- (1,556) -- (20,194)
Net income ....................... -- -- -- 174 -- -- --
Pension adjustment ............... -- -- -- -- 1,556 -- --
Translation adjustment ........... -- -- -- -- -- -- 1,070
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Balance, September 30, 1996 ...... 1 -- (165,352) 174 -- -- (19,124)
Contribution from parent ......... -- -- 27,684 -- -- -- --
Net loss ......................... -- -- -- (14,851) -- -- --
Pension adjustment ............... -- -- -- -- (31) -- --
Earned ESOP shares ............... -- -- (2,118) -- -- -- --
Translation adjustment ........... -- -- -- -- -- -- (1,969)
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Balance, September 30, 1997 ...... 1 -- (139,786) (14,677) (31) -- (21,093)
Net loss ......................... -- -- (33,669) -- -- --
Pension adjustment ............... -- -- -- (90) -- --
Establishment of restricted .... -- -- -- -- -- (222) --
stock
Revaluation of ESOP shares to
independently appraised market
value .......................... -- -- -- 478 -- -- --
Amortization of deferred
compensation ................... -- -- -- -- -- 111 --
Translation adjustment ........... -- -- -- -- -- (11,466)
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Balance, September 30, 1998 ...... 1 -- (139,786) (47,868) (121) (111) (32,559)
========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
43
46
STERLING CHEMICALS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
------------------------ MAY 14, 1996 (DATE OF INCEPTION)
1998 1997 TO SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 (1)
---------- ---------- -------------------------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss) .................................... $ (33,669) $ (14,851) $ 174
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net
cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization ..................... 59,151 53,680 4,801
Deferred tax expense (benefit) .................... (10,771) 7,847 1,457
Extraordinary item ................................ -- 3,924 --
Other ............................................. 2,020 2,173 (511)
Change in assets/liabilities:
Accounts receivable ............................... 45,484 (13,510) 164
Inventories ....................................... 13,675 (6,674) (468)
Prepaid expenses .................................. (1,838) (5,733) (2,428)
Other assets ...................................... 2,078 (2,271) 784
Accounts payable .................................. (35,102) (1,288) 7,025
Accrued liabilities ............................... (3,441) 27,218 (4,460)
Other liabilities ................................. 8,288 (3,941) (2,294)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net cash provided by operating activities ............ 45,875 46,574 4,244
---------- ---------- ----------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures .............................. (26,623) (43,428) (6,398)
Business acquisitions ............................. -- (152,923) --
---------- ---------- ----------
Net cash used in investing activities ................ (26,623) (196,351) (6,398)
---------- ---------- ----------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from long-term debt ...................... 59,862 375,260 637,900
Repayment of long-term debt ....................... (75,153) (236,104) (6,400)
Debt issuance costs ............................... -- (9,684) (27,939)
Intercompany financing ............................ 1 3,000 --
Distribution to parent ............................ -- -- (609,961)
Contribution from parent .......................... -- 22,286 14,165
Other ............................................. 54 (2,380) --
---------- ---------- ----------
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities .. (15,236) 152,378 7,765
Effect of United States /Canadian exchange rate on . (815) (224) (30)
---------- ---------- ----------
cash
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents ............ 3,201 2,377 5,581
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of period ...... 7,958 5,581 --
---------- ---------- ----------
Cash and cash equivalents - end of year .............. $ 11,159 $ 7,958 $ 5,581
========== ========== ==========
Supplement disclosures of cash flow information:
Interest paid, net of interest income received .... $ (92,279) $ (60,402) $ (2,655)
Income taxes received (paid) ...................... 6,653 3,116 (4,950)
(1) See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a
discussion of merger activities and related financing. Prior to August
21, 1996, Chemicals had no operating activities, other than those
related to merger activities.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
44
47
STERLING CHEMICALS HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. MERGER ACTIVITIES
Sterling Chemicals, Inc. (prior to the Merger, "Sterling") and STX
Acquisition Corp. ("STX Acquisition"), a Delaware corporation formed in April
1996 by an investor group led by The Sterling Group, Inc. ("TSG") and The
Unicorn Group L.L.C. ("Unicorn"), entered into an Amended and Restated Agreement
and Plan of Merger dated April 24, 1996 (the "Merger Agreement"). On August 20,
1996, the Merger Agreement was approved by a majority of the shares outstanding,
and on August 21, 1996, STX Acquisition merged with and into Sterling, changing
its name to Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. ("Holdings"), and continuing as
the surviving corporation (the "Merger"). In connection with the Merger,
Holdings transferred all of its operating assets and liabilities, excluding its
13 1/2% Senior Discount Notes due 2008 (the "13 1/2% Notes"), to a wholly owned
subsidiary, STX Chemicals Corp., which at the time of the Merger changed its
name to Sterling Chemicals, Inc. (after the Merger, "Chemicals"). Holdings has
no direct subsidiaries other than Chemicals. As used in these notes, the term
"Company" refers to Sterling and its subsidiaries prior to the consummation of
the Merger and, following the Merger, to Holdings and its subsidiaries,
including Chemicals.
Each share of the Company's common stock outstanding immediately prior to
the Merger was converted (at the election of the holder thereof) into either
$12.00 cash or the right to retain such shares ("Rollover Shares"), with the
aggregate number of Rollover Shares limited to 5.0 million. As a result of the
Merger, on August 21, 1996, the former STX Acquisition stockholders held
approximately 5.3 million shares (49%), stockholders with Rollover Shares held
approximately 5.0 million shares (46%), and the Company's newly formed Employee
Stock Ownership Plan (the "ESOP") held approximately 542,000 shares (5%) of the
outstanding common shares of Holdings' common stock, par value $0.01 per share
("Holdings Common Stock").
The Merger was financed by the proceeds of (i) bank term loans of $356.5
million, including an ESOP term loan of $6.5 million, amounts drawn against a
revolving credit facility of $6.4 million, each pursuant to a new credit
agreement (the "Original Credit Agreement"), (ii) an offering by Chemicals of
$275.0 million of Chemicals' 11 3/4% Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 (the "11
3/4% Notes"), (iii) an offering of $191.8 million (initial proceeds of $100
million) representing 191,751 Units, with each unit consisting of one 13 1/2%
Note and one warrant to purchase three shares of Holdings Common Stock for $0.01
per share beginning in August 1997, (iv) equity raised by STX Acquisition of
approximately $70.7 million, and (v) cash on hand of $10.3 million. These
proceeds were used to redeem Sterling's common stock other than Rollover Shares
($608.3 million), purchase other equity interests (primarily stock appreciation
rights ("SARs")) ($14.6 million), repay debt outstanding prior to the Merger
($142.7 million), loan monies to the new ESOP ($6.5 million), and pay fees and
expenses ($46.8 million).
The Company has accounted for the Merger and related financing
(collectively the "1996 Recapitalization") as a series of debt and equity
transactions representing a recapitalization. Accordingly, the historical basis
of the Company's assets and liabilities have not been impacted by the 1996
Recapitalization.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The Company manufactures seven commodity petrochemicals at its Texas City,
Texas plant (the "Texas City Plant"). Additionally, the Company manufactures
chemicals for use primarily in the pulp and paper industry at five plants in
Canada and one plant in Valdosta, Georgia (the "Valdosta Plant"), and
manufactures acrylic fibers in a plant near Pensacola, Florida (the "Santa Rosa
Plant"). At its Texas City Plant, the Company produces styrene, acrylonitrile,
acetic acid, plasticizers, methanol, tertiary butylamine ("TBA"), and sodium
cyanide. The Company generally sells its petrochemical products to customers for
use in the manufacture of other chemicals and products, which in turn are used
in the production of a wide array of consumer goods and industrial products. The
Company produces regular textiles, specialty textiles, and technical fibers at
the Santa Rosa Plant, as well as licensing the acrylic fibers manufacturing
technology to producers worldwide. Sodium chlorate is produced at the five
plants in Canada and the Valdosta Plant. Sodium chlorite is produced at one of
the Canadian locations. In addition, chlor-alkali and calcium hypochlorite are
produced at one of the Canadian locations. The Company licenses, engineers, and
overseas construction of large-scale chlorine dioxide generators for the pulp
and paper industry as part of the pulp chemical business. These generators
convert sodium chlorate into chlorine dioxide at pulp mills.
The significant accounting policies of the Company are described below.
45
48
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all wholly
owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and
transactions have been eliminated. The Company's investment in a cogeneration
joint venture of a 50% equity interest and a 50/50 acrylonitrile marketing joint
venture are accounted for under the equity method with the Company's share of
the operating results of the joint ventures recorded in its Statement of
Operations.
CASH EQUIVALENTS
The Company considers all investments purchased with a remaining maturity
of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market; cost is determined
on the first-in, first-out basis except for stores and supplies, which are
valued at average cost.
The Company enters into agreements with other companies to exchange
chemical inventories in order to minimize working capital requirements and to
facilitate distribution logistics. Balances related to quantities due to or
payable by the Company are included in inventory.
PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant, and equipment are recorded at cost. Major renewals and
improvements, which extend the useful lives of the equipment, are capitalized.
Major planned maintenance expenses are accrued for during the periods prior to
the maintenance, while routine repair and maintenance expenses are charged to
operations as incurred. Disposals are removed at carrying cost less accumulated
depreciation with any resulting gain or loss reflected in operations.
Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over estimated useful
lives ranging from 5 to 25 years with the predominant life of the plant and
equipment being 15 years. The Company capitalizes interest costs, which are
incurred as part of the cost of constructing major facilities and equipment. The
amount of interest capitalized for the fiscal years 1998, 1997, and 1996 was
$0.8 million, $3.8 million, and $4.1 million, respectively.
IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
Impairment tests of long lived assets are made when conditions indicate
their carrying cost may not be recoverable. Such impairment tests are based on a
comparison of undiscounted future cash flows or the market value of similar
assets to the carrying cost of the asset. If an impairment is indicated, the
asset value is written down to its estimated fair value.
PATENTS AND ROYALTIES
The cost of patents is amortized on a straight-line basis over their
estimated useful lives which approximates ten years. The Company capitalized the
value of the chlorine dioxide generator technology acquired in fiscal 1992 based
on the net present value of all estimated remaining royalty payments associated
with the technology. The resulting intangible amount is included in other assets
and is amortized over an average life for these royalty payments of ten years.
DEBT ISSUE COSTS
Debt issue costs relating to long-term debt are amortized using the
effective interest method and are included in other assets.
INCOME TAXES
Deferred income taxes are recorded to reflect the tax effect of the
temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of
the Company's assets and liabilities at enacted rates.
46
49
REVENUE RECOGNITION
The Company generates revenues through sales in the open market, raw
material conversion agreements, and long-term supply contracts. In addition, the
Company has entered into shared profit arrangements with respect to certain
petrochemical products. The Company recognizes revenue from sales in the open
market, raw material conversion agreements, and long-term supply contracts as
the products are shipped. Revenues from shared profit arrangements are estimated
and accrued monthly. Deferred credits are amortized over the life of the
contract which gave rise to them. The Company also generates revenues from the
construction and sale of chlorine dioxide generators, which are recognized using
the percentage of completion method. The Company also receives prepaid
royalties, which are recognized over a period, which is typically ten years. In
addition, the Company generates revenues from the sale of acrylic fibers
manufacturing technology to producers worldwide, which are recognized as earned.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE
Assets and liabilities denominated in Canadian dollars are translated into
United States dollars at year-end exchange rates and revenues and expenses are
translated at the average monthly exchange rates. Translation adjustments are
reported as a separate component of stockholders' equity, while transaction
gains and losses are included in operations when incurred.
The Company's Canadian subsidiaries enter into forward foreign exchange
contracts to minimize the short-term impact of Canadian dollar fluctuations on
certain of its Canadian dollar denominated commitments. Gains or losses on these
contracts are deferred and are included in operations in the same period in
which the related transactions are settled.
HEDGING
The Company periodically enters into contracts to hedge against the
volatility in natural gas prices, which is used in the production of styrene and
methanol. These transactions generally take the form of price collars, and are
placed with major financial institutions and industrial companies. The results
of the hedging transactions are included in Cost of Goods Sold as the related
production of styrene and methanol occurs.
EARNINGS PER SHARE
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 128, "Earnings Per
Share", establishes standards for computing and presenting earnings per share
("EPS") and replaces the presentation of primary EPS previously prescribed with
a presentation of basic EPS, which is computed by dividing income available to
common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding
for the period. The statement also requires presentation of diluted EPS. Diluted
EPS is computed similarly to fully diluted EPS pursuant to Accounting Principles
Board Opinion No. 15. The Company adopted SFAS No. 128 for fiscal 1998 and has
restated prior year amounts to reflect adoption of the new standard. As losses
were incurred in fiscal 1998 and 1997 and there were an insignificant number of
options outstanding during fiscal 1996, basic and diluted EPS are the same
amount for these periods.
For purposes of computing net income (loss) per common share, net income
(loss) has been reduced by an amount equal to the fair market value of Released
Shares (as hereinafter defined) at the end of the period, minus the sum of the
amount previously recognized as compensation expense with respect to Released
Shares and the amount of depreciation/appreciation in value of Released Shares
in prior periods. This reduction results from the Company being required, under
certain circumstances, to purchase for cash common stock distributed to
participants by the ESOP. "Released Shares" are shares held by the ESOP but
allocated to employees. The weighted average number of outstanding shares and
computation of the net income (loss) per common share is as follows (in
thousands, except per share data):
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
-------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
---------- ---------- ----------
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders $ (48,579) $ (28,965) $ 31,604
Plus depreciation in value of Released Shares 298 -- --
---------- ---------- ----------
Net income (loss) for purpose of computing net income (loss) per share $ (48,281) $ (28,965) $ 31,604
========== ========== ==========
Net income (loss) per common share $ (3.99) $ (2.58) $ 0.62
========== ========== ==========
Weighted average shares outstanding 12,104 11,237 50,700
========== ========== ==========
47
50
CASH FLOW STATEMENT
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 1998, the Company elected to change
from the direct method of reporting net cash flows from operating activities to
the indirect method. Accordingly, the prior years statements of cash flows have
been conformed to the current year presentation.
ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS
Environmental costs are expensed unless the expenditures extend the
economic useful life of the assets. Costs that extend the economic life of the
assets are capitalized and depreciated over the remaining life of such assets.
Liabilities are recorded when environmental assessments and/or remedial efforts
are probable, and the cost can be reasonably estimated.
DISCLOSURES ABOUT FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
In preparing disclosures about the fair value of financial instruments,
the Company has assumed that the carrying amount approximates fair value for
cash and cash equivalents, receivables, short-term borrowings, accounts payable
and certain accrued expenses because of the short maturities of those
instruments. The fair values of long-term debt instruments are estimated based
upon quoted market values (if applicable) or on the current interest rates
available to the Company for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities.
Considerable judgment is required in developing these estimates and,
accordingly, no assurance can be given that the estimated values presented
herein are indicative of the amounts that would be realized in a free market
exchange.
ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported
periods. Significant estimates include environmental reserves, litigation
contingencies, maintenance costs related to shut downs, taxes, and revenues.
Actual results could differ from these estimates.
RECLASSIFICATION
Certain amounts reported in the financial statements for the prior periods
have been reclassified to conform with the current financial statement
presentation with no effect on net income (loss) or stockholders' equity
(deficiency in assets).
48
51
3. DETAIL OF CERTAIN BALANCE SHEET ACCOUNTS:
SEPTEMBER 30,
------------------------
1998 1997
---------- ----------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Inventories:
Finished products ............................... $ 42,436 $ 47,572
Raw materials ................................... 8,089 17,800
---------- ----------
Inventories at FIFO cost ........................... 50,525 65,372
---------- ----------
Inventories under exchange agreements ........... 3,031 2,179
Stores and supplies ............................. 19,669 20,319
---------- ----------
$ 73,225 $ 87,870
========== ==========
Property, plant and equipment:
Land ............................................ $ 12,897 $ 12,766
Buildings ....................................... 51,362 51,032
Plant and equipment ............................. 652,872 634,772
Construction in progress ........................ 30,506 43,856
Less: accumulated depreciation ................. (297,322) (250,390)
---------- ----------
$ 450,315 $ 492,036
========== ==========
Other assets:
Patents and technology, net ..................... $ 26,821 $ 32,918
Debt issue costs ................................ 28,248 32,472
Other ........................................... 40,897 37,508
---------- ----------
$ 95,966 $ 102,898
========== ==========
Accrued liabilities:
Repairs ......................................... $ 16,890 $ 19,205
Interest ........................................ 14,433 14,661
Property taxes .................................. 7,754 8,255
Other ........................................... 32,796 35,444
---------- ----------
$ 71,873 $ 77,565
========== ==========
Deferred credits and other liabilities:
Deferred revenue ................................ $ 15,168 $ 19,963
Accrued postretirement benefits ................. 37,663 33,448
Other ........................................... 27,458 19,925
---------- ----------
$ 80,289 $ 73,336
========== ==========
4. LONG-TERM DEBT:
Long-term debt consisted of the following:
SEPTEMBER 30,
--------------------------
1998 1997
---------- ----------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Revolving credit facilities $ -- $ 9,400
Term loans 274,000 275,334
Saskatoon term loans 49,552 53,822
ESOP term loan 3,250 4,875
11 1/4% notes 152,816 153,148
11 3/4% notes 275,000 275,000
13 1/2% notes 127,907 110,412
---------- ----------
Total debt outstanding 882,525 881,991
========== ==========
Less:
Current maturities (8,909) (5,710)
---------- ----------
Total long-term debt $ 873,616 $ 876,281
========== ==========
49
52
TERM LOANS, REVOLVER AND ESOP LOANS
As part of the 1996 Recapitalization, Chemicals entered into the Original
Credit Agreement with Texas Commerce Bank National Association (now Chase Bank
of Texas, N.A., "Chase"), as agent bank for a syndicate of lenders. Funding
under the Original Credit Agreement occurred August 21, 1996, upon the
consummation of the Merger. The Original Credit Agreement provided for
facilities consisting of a six and one-half year revolving credit facility
providing for up to $100 million (subject to a monthly borrowing base
calculation) in revolving loans (the "Revolver"), a term loan facility
consisting of a six and one-half year $200 million Tranche A term loan and an
eight-year $150 million Tranche B term loan (the "Original Term Loans"), and a
four-year $6.5 million ESOP Term Loan (the "ESOP Loan").
On January 31, 1997, the Company acquired (the "AFB Acquisition") the
acrylic fibers business (the "AFB") of Cytec Industries Inc. ("Cytec") (see Note
8). In connection with the AFB Acquisition, Chemicals entered into a credit
agreement (the "Fibers Credit Agreement") with Chase, as agent bank for a
syndicate of lenders. Funding under the Fibers Credit Agreement occurred January
31, 1997, upon consummation of the AFB Acquisition. The Fibers Credit Agreement
provided for a term loan facility consisting of a $31 million Tranche A term
loan due June 30, 2003 and a $50 million Tranche B term loan due September 30,
2004 (the "Fibers Term Loans").
On April 7, 1997, Chemicals completed a private offering (the "11 1/4%
Notes Offering") of $150,000,000 of 11 1/4% Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2007
(the "11 1/4% Notes"). The 11 1/4% Notes are unsecured senior subordinated
obligations of Chemicals, ranking subordinate in right of payment to all
existing and future senior debt of Chemicals, but pari passu with the 11 3/4%
Notes and all future senior subordinated indebtedness. On July 7, 1997,
Chemicals completed a registered exchange offer, pursuant to which all of the 11
1/4% Notes were exchanged for publicly registered 11 1/4% Notes with
substantially similar terms.
The proceeds of the 11 1/4% Notes Offering were used to prepay outstanding
indebtedness under the Original Term Loans. In connection with such prepayments,
Chemicals and the requisite lenders under the Original Credit Agreement and the
Fibers Credit Agreement effected amendments to such agreements (the
"Amendments"). Among other things, the Amendments: (i) permitted and provided
for the issuance of the 11 1/4% Notes, (ii) adjusted the method of the
application of voluntary prepayments to allow the proceeds of the 11 1/4% Notes
Offering to be applied in a manner that significantly reduced required principal
payments, particularly over the next three years, (iii) amended certain
financial covenants to make them somewhat less restrictive, (iv) increased the
commitment under the Revolver by $25 million to $125 million, and (v) included a
new financial covenant with respect to the maintenance of a specified Senior
Debt Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Amendments). Unamortized debt issue costs
related to the Original Term Loans of approximately $6.0 million pre-tax, $3.9
million after-tax, were expensed in April 1997, and recorded as an extraordinary
loss from early extinguishment of debt.
In connection with the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of
Saskatoon Chemicals Ltd., a subsidiary of Weyerhauser Canada Ltd., the Company
consolidated and combined the Original Credit Agreement and the Fibers Credit
Agreement (as consolidated, the "Credit Agreement"), as well as the Original
Term Loans and the Fibers Term Loans (as consolidated, the "Term Loans").
The Term Loans, the ESOP Loan, and the Revolver borrowings bear interest,
at Chemicals' option, at an annual rate of either the Eurodollar Rate or the
Base Rate plus an Applicable Margin ranging from 0.5% to 3.5% depending upon the
Company's Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement). The "Base Rate"
is equal to the greater of the Prime Rate as announced from time to time by the
agent bank, the "Federal Funds Effective Rate" plus 1/2% or the "Base CD Rate"
plus 1% (as such terms are defined in the Credit Agreement). At September 30,
1998, the interest rates in effect for the Tranche A term loan, the Tranche B
term loan, and the ESOP Loan were 7.8%, 8.3%, and 7.8%, respectively. The Credit
Agreement also requires Chemicals to pay a commitment fee in the amounts of
3/8% or 1/2% of the unused commitment under the Revolver depending on the
Company's Leverage Ratio.
The Credit Agreement requires the principal amount of the Term Loans to be
amortized in quarterly installments of $333,333 beginning with the fiscal
quarter ending September 30, 1997, increasing in March 2000. The ESOP Loan will
be amortized in 12 equal quarterly installments of $406,250, with the last
payment in September 2000.
Chemicals' obligations under the Credit Agreement are secured by a first
priority lien on the capital stock of Chemicals' domestic subsidiaries, 65% of
the capital stock of its foreign subsidiaries and substantially all of the
domestic assets of Chemicals and its subsidiaries, including without limitation,
accounts receivable, inventory, intangibles and fixed assets, and assignments of
certain material leases, licenses, and contracts. In addition, the Credit
Agreement is secured by a pledge by Holdings of all of the capital stock of
Chemicals.
50
53
The Credit Agreement contains numerous financial and operating covenants,
including, but not limited to, restrictions on Chemicals' ability to incur
indebtedness (including future borrowings under the Revolver), pay dividends,
create liens, sell assets, engage in mergers and acquisitions, and refinance
existing indebtedness. The Credit Agreement also requires Chemicals to satisfy
certain financial covenants and tests. In addition, the Credit Agreement
includes various circumstances that will constitute, upon occurrence and subject
in certain cases to notice and grace periods, an event of default thereunder.
During April and December 1998, the Company obtained certain amendments to
the financial covenants in the Credit Agreement. At no time was the Company not
in compliance with the covenants. The Company requested the amendments based on
its revised financial projections, and the amendments made the financial
covenants less restrictive through December 31, 1999. Under certain
circumstances, the amendments require the Company to raise up to $15 million in
additional stockholders' equity. As discussed in Note 12, the Company has made
provisions for such equity.
On July 10, 1997, Sterling Pulp Chemicals (Sask) Ltd. ("Sterling Sask"), an
indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Holdings and Chemicals, acquired
substantially all of the assets of Saskatoon Chemicals Ltd. ("Saskatoon
Chemicals"), a subsidiary of Weyerhauser Canada Ltd. (the "Saskatoon
Acquisition"). In connection with the Saskatoon Acquisition, Sterling Sask
entered into a credit agreement (the "Saskatoon Credit Agreement") with The
Chase Manhattan Bank of Canada, individually and as administrative agent.
Funding under the Saskatoon Credit Agreement occurred July 10, 1997, upon
consummation of the Saskatoon Acquisition. The Saskatoon Credit Agreement
provides for a revolving credit facility of Cdn. $8.0 million (the "Saskatoon
Revolver"), and a term loan facility consisting of Cdn. $21.2 million Tranche A
term loan due June 30, 2003, and $36.4 million Tranche B term loan due June 30,
2005 (the "Saskatoon Term Loans"). Advances under the Saskatoon Revolver are
subject to a borrowing base consisting of 85% of eligible accounts receivable
and 65% of eligible inventory with an inventory cap of 50% of the borrowing
base. At September 30, 1998, the borrowing base did not limit such available
credit and there were no borrowings outstanding under the Saskatoon Revolver.
Sterling Sasks' obligations under the Saskatoon Credit Agreement are secured by
substantially all of the assets of Sterling Sask. The Saskatoon Credit Agreement
requires Sterling Sask to satisfy certain financial covenants and tests. In
addition, the Saskatoon Credit Agreement requires that certain amounts of Excess
Cash Flow (as defined therein) be used to prepay amounts outstanding under the
Saskatoon Term Loans. A mandatory prepayment of Cdn. $5.3 million will be
required in fiscal 1999.
The Sterling Sask Tranche A term loan and the Saskatoon Revolver borrowings
bear interest, at the Company's option, at an annual rate of either the Bankers
Acceptance Rate or the Base Rate plus an Applicable Margin ranging from 1% to
2.5% depending upon the Company's Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Saskatoon
Credit Agreement). The Tranche B term loan bears interest, at the Company's
option, at an annual rate of either the Eurodollar Rate or the Base Rate plus an
Applicable Margin ranging from 0% to 2.5% depending upon the Company's Leverage
Ratio (as defined in the Saskatoon Credit Agreement). The "Base Rate" for the
Tranche A term loan and the Saskatoon Revolver is equal to the greater of the
Prime Rate for Canadian Dollar commercial loans made in Canada, as announced
from time to time by the agent bank, or the rate for Canadian Dollar Bankers
Acceptances accepted by the agent with a term to maturity of 30 days plus 1% (as
such terms are defined in the Saskatoon Credit Agreement). The "Base Rate" for
the Tranche B term loan is equal to the greater of the Prime Rate as announced
from time to time by the agent bank, the "Federal Funds Effective Rate" plus
1/2% or the "Base CD Rate" plus 1% (as such terms are defined in the Saskatoon
Credit Agreement). At September 30, 1998, the interest rates in effect for the
Tranche A and Tranche B term loans were 8.12% and 8.4%, respectively. The
Saskatoon Credit Agreement also requires Sterling Sask to pay a commitment fee
in the amount of 1/2% of the unused commitment under the Saskatoon Revolver.
At September 30, 1998, Chemicals had indebtedness of $274.0 million under
the Term Loans, $49.6 million under the Saskatoon Term Loans, and $3.3 million
under the ESOP Loan. The Revolver has a total commitment of $125 million. The
Revolver matures at March 31, 2003. As of September 30, 1998, the Company had no
amounts drawn and approximately $2.7 million in letters of credit outstanding
under the Revolver. Available credit under the Revolver for loans and letters of
credit is subject to a monthly borrowing base consisting of 85% of eligible
accounts receivable and 65% of eligible inventory with an inventory cap of 50%
of the borrowing base. At September 30, 1998, the borrowing base limited the
total credit available under the Revolver to a maximum of $120.9 million.
Accordingly and after giving effect to the $2.7 million of outstanding letters
of credit, as of September 30, 1998, the unused credit available under the
Revolver was $118.2 million, up from $113 million at September 30, 1997.
Availability of credit under the Revolver is subject to Chemicals being in
compliance with numerous financial and operational covenants contained in the
Credit Agreement. At September 30, 1998, Chemicals was in compliance with such
covenants. The failure of Chemicals to comply with these covenants would permit
the lenders to accelerate the maturity of the indebtedness under the Credit
Agreement and exercise other remedies, in each case without the approval of
Chemicals. In addition, based on the
51
54
Company's results of operations for the four quarters ended September 30, 1998,
these covenants operate to limit the amount of additional debt (including
amounts available under the Revolver) that may be incurred by the Company.
DISCOUNT NOTES AND SUBORDINATED NOTES
As part of the 1996 Recapitalization, Chemicals also issued the 11 3/4%
Notes and Holdings issued $191.8 million ($100 million initial proceeds)
representing 191,751 Units, with each Unit consisting of one 13 1/2% Note and
one warrant to purchase three shares of Holdings Common Stock for $.01 per
share.
The 11 3/4% Notes bear interest at the annual rate of 11 3/4%, payable
semi-annually on February 15 and August 15 of each year commencing February 15,
1997. The 13 1/2% Notes will accrete interest until August 15, 2001, with no
interest payable in cash until February 15, 2002, at an annual rate of 13 1/2%,
compounded semi-annually. Commencing in 2002, interest will be payable
semi-annually on February 15 and August 15 of each year until maturity.
Except as otherwise provided below, the 11 3/4% Notes may not be redeemed
by Chemicals prior to August 15, 2001. From that date through August 15, 2004,
the 11 3/4% Notes may be redeemed at a premium of the principal amount thereof
at maturity varying between 105.875% and 101.958%. Subsequent to August 15,
2004, Chemicals may redeem the 11 3/4% Notes at their face value plus accrued
and unpaid interest. Prior to August 15, 1999, Chemicals may redeem in the
aggregate up to 35% of the original principal amount of the 11 3/4% Notes with
the proceeds of one or more public equity offerings, as defined. Such
redemptions may be made at a redemption price of 111.75% of the face value plus
accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. After such redemption, at
least $178.8 million aggregate principal amount of the 11 3/4% Notes must remain
outstanding.
Except as otherwise provided below, the 13 1/2% Notes may not be redeemed
by Holdings prior to August 15, 2001. From that date through August 15, 2006,
the 13 1/2% Notes may be redeemed at a premium of the principal amount thereof
at maturity varying between 106.75% and 101.35%. Subsequent to August 15, 2006,
the Company may redeem the 13 1/2% Notes at their principal amount plus accrued
interest. Prior to August 15, 1999, Holdings may redeem in the aggregate up to
35% of the Accreted Value (as defined in the Indenture) of the 13 1/2% Notes
with the proceeds of one or more public equity offerings, as defined. Such
redemptions may be made at a redemption price of 113.5% of the Accreted Value
plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. After such redemption,
at least $124.6 million aggregate principal amount of the 13 1/2% Notes must
remain outstanding.
The 11 1/4% Notes bear interest at the annual rate of 11 1/4%, payable
semi-annually on April 1 and October 1 of each year commencing October 1, 1997.
Except as otherwise provided below, the 11 1/4% Notes may not be redeemed by
Chemicals prior to April 1, 2002. From that date through April 1, 2005, the 11
1/4% Notes may be redeemed at a premium of the principal amount thereof at
maturity varying between 105.625% and 101.875%. Subsequent to April 1, 2005,
Chemicals may redeem the 11 1/4% Notes at their face value plus accrued and
unpaid interest. Prior to April 1, 2000, Chemicals may redeem in the aggregate
up to 35% of the original principal amount of the 11 1/4% Notes with the
proceeds of one or more public equity offerings, as defined. Such redemptions
may be made at a redemption price of 111.25% of the face value plus accrued and
unpaid interest to the redemption date. After such redemption, at least $97.5
million aggregate principal amount of the 11 1/4% Notes must remain outstanding.
The indentures governing the 11 1/4% Notes, 11 3/4% Notes, and 13 1/2%
Notes (the "Indentures") contain numerous financial and operating covenants,
including, but not limited to, restrictions on Chemicals' or Holdings' ability
to incur indebtedness, pay dividends, create liens, sell assets, engage in
mergers and acquisitions, and refinance existing indebtedness. In addition, the
Indentures include various circumstances that will constitute, upon occurrence
and subject in certain cases to notice and grace periods, an event of default
thereunder.
The Saskatoon Credit Agreement contains provisions, which restrict the
payment of advances, loans and dividends from Sterling Sask to Chemicals. The
most restrictive of the covenants limits such payments during fiscal 1999 to
approximately $0.5 million, plus any amounts due to Chemicals or Holdings from
Sterling Sask under the intercompany tax sharing agreement.
The Credit Agreement and the indenture for the 11 1/4% Notes and the 11
3/4% Notes contain provisions which restrict the payment of advances, loans, and
dividends from Chemicals to Holdings. The most restrictive of the covenants
limits such payments during fiscal 1999 to approximately $2.0 million, plus any
amounts due to Holdings from Chemicals under the intercompany tax sharing
agreement.
52
55
DEBT MATURITIES
The estimated remaining principal payments on the outstanding Term Loans,
Saskatoon Term Loans, Revolver, and ESOP Loan are as follows:
YEAR ENDING PRINCIPAL
SEPTEMBER 30, PAYMENTS
(Dollars in
Thousands)
1999 ............................................................... $ 8,909
2000 ............................................................... 15,140
2001 ............................................................... 26,600
2002 ............................................................... 34,477
2003 ............................................................... 88,420
Thereafter .......................................................... 153,256
--------
Total Term Loans, Saskatoon Term Loans, Revolver and ESOP Loan ...... $326,802
========
5. INCOME TAXES
A reconciliation of federal statutory income taxes to the Company's
effective tax provision (benefit) before extraordinary item follows:
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
--------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
-------- -------- --------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Provision (benefit) for federal income tax at the statutory rate .. $(26,968) $(11,001) $ 17,641
Foreign sales corporation ......................................... -- -- (700)
State and foreign income taxes .................................... 1,422 3,782 1,529
Other ............................................................. -- (77) (1,572)
-------- -------- --------
Effective tax provision (benefit) ................................. $(25,546) $ (7,296) $ 16,898
======== ======== ========
The provision (benefit) for income taxes is composed of the following:
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
---------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
-------- ------- --------
(Dollars in Thousands)
From operations:
Current federal ..................... $ (5,900) $(6,131) $ 12,084
Deferred federal .................... (21,854) (9,211) (3,249)
Deferred foreign .................... 2,132 6,104 7,421
Current state ....................... 76 1,942 642
Deferred state ...................... -- -- --
-------- ------- --------
Total tax provision (benefit) ............ $(25,546) $(7,296) $ 16,898
======== ======= ========
53
56
The components of the Company's deferred income tax assets and liabilities
are summarized below:
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
-----------------------
1998 1997
---------- ----------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Accrued liabilities ........................................ $ 23,177 $ 6,461
Accrued postretirement cost ................................ 10,010 12,350
Tax loss and credit carryforward ........................... 24,783 12,723
Foreign dividends .......................................... 15,490 11,764
Other ...................................................... 2,490 1,166
---------- ----------
Total deferred tax assets .................................. 75,950 44,464
---------- ----------
Less: current deferred income tax assets .................. 5,140 10,005
---------- ----------
Noncurrent deferred tax assets ............................. $ 70,810 $ 34,459
========== ==========
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant and equipment .............................. $ 78,113 $ 67,996
Accrued pension cost ....................................... 2,211 1,665
Other ...................................................... 1,609 836
---------- ----------
Total deferred tax liabilities ............................. 81,933 70,497
---------- ----------
Net deferred tax liability ................................. $ 11,123 $ 36,038
========== ==========
In fiscal 1998, the Company generated approximately $65 million in United
States net operating losses, of which $18 million will be carried back and
utilized in a prior fiscal year and $47 million will be carried forward and if
not utilized in future years, will expire in fiscal 2013. The Company also has
approximately Cdn. $12.9 million in Canadian tax credit carryforwards which will
expire from 1999 through 2004.
6. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
The Company has established the following benefit plans:
RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS
The Company has non-contributory pension plans in the United States and
employer and employee contributory plans in Canada which cover all salaried and
wage employees. The benefits under these plans are based primarily on years of
service and employees' pay near retirement. For those Company employees who were
employed by the Company as of September 30, 1986, and were previously employed
by Monsanto, the Company recognizes their Monsanto pension years of service for
purposes of determining benefits under the Company's plans. For those Company
employees who were employed by the Company on August 21, 1992, and were
previously employed by Tenneco Inc., the Company recognizes their Tenneco Inc.
pension years of service for purposes of determining benefits under the
Company's plans. The Company's funding policy is consistent with the funding
requirements of federal law and regulations. Plan assets consist principally of
common stocks and government and corporate securities.
For those Company employees as of January 31, 1997, who: (i) were
previously employed by Cytec and (ii) elect to retire from the Company on or
before January 31, 1999, the Company supplements the standard pension payable
such that the employee's total combined pension from the Company and from the
Cytec Nonbargaining Employees' Retirement Plan equals the amount the employee
would have received had he or she remained an employee of Cytec until
retirement. The estimated liability for such supplements as of September 30,
1998 and 1997 is immaterial.
In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, the Company
has recorded its additional minimum liability. In recognizing the additional
pension liability at September 30, 1998 and 1997, the Company recorded a net
reduction to stockholders' equity of $121,000 and $31,000, respectively.
54
57
The components of pension expense for the years ended September 30, 1998,
1997, and 1996 were as follows:
1998 1997 1996
--------- --------- ---------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Service cost (for benefits earned during the period) . $ 5,093 $ 4,857 $ 3,664
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation ........ 6,153 5,941 5,044
Actual return on plan assets and contributions ....... (75) (16,116) (6,001)
Deferral of asset gain (loss) ........................ (7,336) 10,107 1,050
Net amortization of unrecognized amounts ............. 906 831 926
--------- --------- ---------
Pension expense ...................................... $ 4,741 $ 5,620 $ 4,683
========= ========= =========
Assumptions used in determining the projected benefit obligation and
pension cost for the periods were as follows:
FISCAL YEAR
---------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------------ ------------ ------------
Discount rates......................................................... 7.0% 7.75% 7.75%
Rates of increase in salary compensation level......................... 4.75% 5.25% 5.5%
Expected long-term rate of return on assets............................ 8.0% 8.5% 9.0%
The funded status of the Company's pension plans as of the actuarial
valuation dates of August 31, 1998 and 1997 were as follows:
1998 1997
---------------------------- ----------------------------
ASSETS ACCUMULATED ASSETS ACCUMULATED
EXCEED BENEFITS EXCEED BENEFITS
ACCUMULATED EXCEED ACCUMULATED EXCEED
BENEFITS ASSETS BENEFITS ASSETS
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Actuarial present value of benefits based on service
to date and present pay levels:
Vested benefit obligation ............................ $ 70,634 $ 2,258 $ 62,396 $ 771
Non-vested benefit obligation ........................ 3,750 95 1,685 5
Accumulated benefit obligation ....................... 74,384 2,353 64,081 776
Plan assets at fair value ............................ 85,073 1,115 84,598 --
Plan assets in excess of (less than) accumulated
benefit obligation ................................ 10,689 (1,238) 20,517 (776)
Additional amounts related to projected salary
increases ......................................... 19,419 2,648 18,017 98
Plan assets more (less) than total projected benefit
obligation ........................................ (8,730) (1,410) 2,500 (874)
Unrecognized net (gain) loss resulting from plan
experience and changes in actuarial assumptions ... 7,880 266 (6,913) 40
Unrecognized prior service cost ...................... 5,689 177 6,370 3
Unrecognized transition obligation ................... 1,734 4 2,110 5
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Total prepaid (accrued) pension obligation ........... $ 6,573 $ (963) $ 4,067 $ (826)
============ ============ ============ ============
POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSIONS
The Company provides certain health care benefits and life insurance
benefits for retired employees. Substantially all of the Company's employees
become eligible for these benefits at normal retirement age. The Company accrues
the cost of these benefits during the period in which the employee renders the
necessary service.
Health care benefits are provided to employees who retire from the Company
with ten or more years of service except for Canadian employees covered by
collective bargaining agreements. All of the Company's employees are eligible
for postretirement life insurance. Postretirement health care benefits for
United States plans are non-contributory. Benefit provisions for most hourly and
some salaried employees are subject to collective bargaining. In general, the
plans stipulate that retiree health care benefits are paid as covered expenses
are incurred. For United States employees, postretirement medical plan
deductibles are assumed to increase at the rate of the long-term consumer price
index. The components of postretirement benefits cost other than pensions for
the years ended September 30, 1998, 1997, and 1996 were as follows:
55
58
1998 1997 1996
---------- ---------- ----------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Service cost (for benefits earned during the period) . $ 1,466 $ 1,343 $ 1,155
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation ........ 2,818 2,494 1,985
Amortization of plan amendments ...................... 26 29 243
---------- ---------- ----------
$ 4,310 $ 3,866 $ 3,383
========== ========== ==========
Actuarial assumptions used to determine costs and benefit obligations for
postretirement benefit plans other than pensions include an average discount
rate of 7.5% and an average rate of future increases in benefit compensation of
5.5%. The average assumed composite rate of future increases in per capita cost
of health care benefits (health care cost trend rate) was 8.8% for fiscal 1998,
exclusive of demographic changes, decreasing gradually to 5.5% by the year 2027.
These trend rates reflect current cost performance and the Company's expectation
that future rates will decline. Increasing the health care cost trend rate by
one percentage point would increase the accumulated postretirement benefit
obligation by $1.7 million and would increase annual aggregate service and
interest costs by $226,000.
The following sets forth the plans funded status reconciled with amounts
reported in the Company's consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 1998 and
1997.
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation (APBO):
1998 1997
---------- ----------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Retirees ........................................... $ 13,530 $ 10,723
Fully eligible active plan participants ............ 11,865 11,421
Other active plan participants ..................... 17,736 16,473
---------- ----------
Total APBO .................................... 43,131 38,617
Plan assets at fair value .......................... -- --
Unrecognized loss .................................. (5,303) (4,975)
Unrecognized prior service cost .................... (165) (194)
---------- ----------
Accrued postretirement benefit liability ........... $ 37,663 $ 33,448
========== ==========
EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
In fiscal 1996, the Company established the 1996 Employee Stock Purchase
Plan. This plan authorized up to 250,000 shares of common stock to be issued to
key employees and management at an issue price of $12 per share. This plan
became effective as of September 19, 1996, and terminated on September 30, 1996.
All authorized shares were issued by the end of fiscal 1996.
EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP TRUST
The original Employee Stock Ownership Trust (the "old ESOT") was formed to
invest primarily in the Company's common stock and included only participants
contributing to the Company's Savings and Investment Plan (the "Savings Plan").
The Company's contribution to the old ESOT was 60% of the participant's Savings
Plan contributions to the extent that such participant's contributions did not
exceed 7.5% of the employee's eligible earnings. The Company's contributions
were subject to a 20% per year vesting schedule commencing after one year of
service. The Company's contributions to the old ESOT for the year ended
September 30, 1996 was $1.7 million.
56
59
An application for determination was filed with the Internal Revenue
Service terminating the old ESOT and assets were distributed to participants
during fiscal 1997.
In connection with the Merger, a new Employee Stock Ownership Trust (the
"new ESOT") was established which covers substantially all United States
employees. Allocations of shares of common stock will be made annually to
participants. The new ESOT primarily invests in shares of Holdings Common Stock
and borrowed $6.5 million from Chemicals pursuant to the ESOP Loan to purchase
approximately 542,000 shares of Holdings Common Stock. As more fully described
in Note 4, the ESOP Loan is payable in 16 quarterly installments during the
period beginning December 31, 1996, and ending September 30, 2000. The shares of
Holdings Common Stock purchased by the new ESOT have been pledged as security
for the ESOP Loan and such shares will be released and allocated to the new ESOT
participants' account as the ESOP Loan is discharged. Until the ESOP Loan is
paid in full, contributions to the new ESOT will be used to pay the outstanding
principal and interest on the ESOP Loan. In addition, during fiscal 1998 and
1997, the new ESOT purchased 14,000 and 99,000, respectively, shares of Holdings
Common Stock. In fiscal 1998 and 1997, 172,000 and 49,000, respectively, new
ESOT shares had been allocated to employees. The Company recorded $1.4 million
and $1.6 million of expense related to the new ESOT in fiscal 1998 and 1997,
respectively.
SAVINGS AND INVESTMENT PLAN
The Savings Plan covers substantially all United States employees,
including executive officers. The Savings Plan is qualified under Section 401(k)
of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Code"). Each participant has the option to
defer taxation of a portion of his or her earnings by directing the Company to
contribute a percentage of such earnings to the Savings Plan. A participant may
direct up to a maximum of 15% of eligible earnings to the Savings Plan, subject
to certain limitations set forth in the Code for "highly compensated"
participants, as defined in Section 414(q) of the Code. A participant's
contributions become distributable upon the termination of his or her
employment. The Company does not make any contribution to the Savings Plan.
PROFIT SHARING AND BONUS PLANS
In January 1997, the Board of Directors, upon recommendation of the
Compensation Committee, approved the establishment of a Profit Sharing Plan that
is designed to benefit all qualified employees, and a Bonus Plan that will
provide for bonuses to exempt salaried employees based on the Company's annual
financial performance.
Under the Company's previous profit sharing plans, expense for the year
ended September 30, 1996, was $2.8 million. No expenses for profit sharing or
bonuses were incurred in fiscal 1998 and 1997.
OMNIBUS STOCK AND INCENTIVE PLAN
Prior to the Merger, the Company had an Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan
(the "Original Omnibus Plan"), under which the Company could grant to key
employees incentive and nonincentive stock options, SARs, restricted stock,
performance units, and performance shares. The terms and amounts of all awards
were determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Upon a
change of control of the Company, all awards granted under the plan were to
become fully vested and all performance based awards were to be paid at the
higher of performance goals or actual performance to date.
In fiscal 1993, the Company granted SARs to certain key employees and
directors. Total expense (benefit) was determined based on 3.6 million SARs
granted, the vesting period (five years beginning September 1992) and the
appreciation of the Company's stock price above the fair market value of the
Company's common stock on the date of grant of the SARs. In October 1994, the
Company amended the SAR program by modifying the vesting periods and limiting
the amount of appreciation for each SAR during each vesting period, thereby
limiting the Company's aggregate future expenses. The Company recorded expense
for the year ended September 30, 1996 of $8.5 million and paid $13.8 million in
August 1996, pursuant to the SARs, as amended. The expense for the SARs is
included in selling, general, and administrative expenses in the Company's
income statement.
All existing stock options and the Original Omnibus Plan were terminated in
connection with the Merger.
57
60
OMNIBUS STOCK AWARDS AND INCENTIVE PLAN
In April 1997, the Board of Directors approved the establishment of the
Omnibus Stock Awards and Incentive Plan (as amended, the "Omnibus Plan"). Under
the Omnibus Plan, the Company may grant to key employees incentive and
nonqualified stock options, SARs, restricted stock awards, performance awards,
and phantom stock awards. One million shares of the Company's stock are reserved
for issuance under the Omnibus Plan. The terms and amounts of the awards
(including vesting schedule) are determined by the Compensation Committee of the
Board of Directors. Substantially all of the outstanding stock options become
exercisable (vest) in equal annual installments beginning a year from date of
grant and ending in fiscal 2002. In the event of a change of control of the
Company or a qualified public offering of Holdings Common Stock, all awards will
immediately vest and become exercisable.
During fiscal 1998, the Company issued 23,000 restricted stock awards to
certain employees. The restricted stock awards vest 25% immediately and 25% per
year over the next three years.
NONQUALIFIED STOCK OPTION PLAN FOR NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTORS
Also in April 1997, the Board of Directors approved the establishment of
the Nonqualified Stock Option Plan for Non-Employee Directors (the "Nonqualified
Plan"). Each non-employee director of the Company is eligible to participate in
the Nonqualified Plan. Each eligible director on the date of adoption of the
Nonqualified Plan was granted an option to acquire 2,000 shares of Holdings
Common Stock (4,000 shares for the Vice-Chairman), and each eligible director
who is serving on the Board of Directors on each subsequent October 1st is
automatically granted an option to acquire 1,000 shares of Holdings Common Stock
(2,000 shares for the Vice-Chairman). All options expire ten years from date of
grant. All options are granted at the fair market value on the date of grant (as
determined by the Board of Directors) which vest and are exercisable
immediately. A total of 160,000 shares of Holdings Common Stock are reserved for
issuance under the Nonqualified Plan.
OUTSTANDING STOCK OPTIONS
A summary of the status of the Company's outstanding stock options as of
September 30, 1998 and 1997, and changes during the years then ended is
presented below:
1998 1997
------------------------------- ------------------------------
WEIGHTED- WEIGHTED-
SHARES AVERAGE SHARES AVERAGE
(IN THOUSANDS) EXERCISE PRICE (IN THOUSANDS) EXERCISE PRICE
--------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
Outstanding at beginning of year 241 $ 12.00 -- --
Granted 489 $ 11.62 274 $ 12.00
Exercised -- -- --
Forfeited (38) $ 11.94 (33) $ 12.00
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Outstanding at end of year 692 $ 11.74 241 $ 12.00
========== ========== ========== ==========
Options exercisable at end of year 86 14
========== ==========
The range of exercise prices for options outstanding at September 30, 1998,
was $9.50 - $12.00, with all exercisable options having an exercise price of
$12.00.
In addition, during fiscal 1998, the Company granted certain employees
rights to purchase an aggregate of 230,000 shares of Common Stock, at then
current market prices. These rights expired without being exercised.
In the first quarter of fiscal 1998, the Company elected to continue to
apply the intrinsic value method of accounting for stock-based compensation and
increase its footnote disclosure, as permitted by SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for
Stock-Based Compensation."
All stock options are granted at or above fair market value of the Holdings
Common Stock at the grant date. The weighted average fair value of the stock
options granted during fiscal 1998 and 1997 was $1.9 million and $0.5 million,
respectively. The fair value of each such stock option grant is estimated on the
date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following
weighted average assumptions used for the grants in fiscal 1998: risk free
interest rate of 4.4%; expected dividend yield of 0.0%; expected life of ten
years; and expected volatility of 29%. Stock options generally expire ten years
from the date of grant and fully vest after five years. The outstanding stock
options at September 30, 1998, have a weighted average contractual life of
approximately 9 years.
58
61
In accordance with the intrinsic value method of stock-based compensation,
no compensation costs have been recognized for stock option awards described
above. Had compensation cost for all option issuances been determined consistent
with SFAS No. 123, it would not have had a material impact on the Company's pro
forma net loss and loss per share for fiscal 1998.
On December 14, 1998, the Company issued to all of its employees who held
stock options on that date new options with an exercise price of $6.00 per
share. The new options were issued in exchange for and cancellation of stock
options previously issued to those employees for the same number of shares, and
with the same vesting schedules, as the new stock options.
7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
PRODUCT CONTRACTS
The Company has certain long-term agreements, which provide for the
dedication of 100% of the Company's production of acetic acid, plasticizers,
TBA, sodium cyanide, and calcium hypochlorite each to one customer. The Company
also has various sales and conversion agreements, which dedicate significant
portions of the Company's production of styrene, acrylonitrile, and methanol to
various customers. Some of these agreements generally provide for cost recovery
plus an agreed margin or element of profit based upon market price.
LEASE COMMITMENTS
The Company has entered into various long-term noncancellable operating
leases. Future minimum lease commitments at September 30, 1998, are as follows:
fiscal 1999 -- $4.9 million; fiscal 2000 -- $4.2 million; fiscal 2001 -- $4.0
million; fiscal 2002 -- $3.9 million; fiscal 2003 -- $3.3 million; and $8.1
million thereafter.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SAFETY MATTERS
The Company's operations involve the handling, production, transportation,
treatment, and disposal of materials that are classified as hazardous or toxic
waste and that are extensively regulated by environmental and health and safety
laws and regulations. Environmental permits required for the Company's
operations are subject to periodic renewal and can be revoked or modified for
cause or when new or revised environmental laws or permit requirements are
implemented. Changing and increasingly strict environmental laws, regulations,
and permit requirements can affect the manufacture, handling, processing,
distribution, and use of the Company's chemical products and, if so, the
Company's business and operations may be materially and adversely affected. In
addition, changes in the law, regulations, and permit requirements can cause the
Company to incur substantial costs in upgrading or redesigning its facilities
and processes, including waste treatment, storage, disposal, and other waste
handling practices and equipment.
While the Company believes that its business operations and facilities
generally are operated in compliance with all material aspects of applicable
environmental and health and safety laws, regulations, and disclosure
requirements, there can be no assurance that past practices and future
operations will not result in material claims or regulatory action, require
material environmental expenditures, or result in exposure or injury claims by
employees and the public. Some risk of environmental costs and liabilities is
inherent in the operations and products of the Company, as it is with other
companies engaged in similar businesses. In addition, a catastrophic event at
any of the Company's facilities could result in liabilities to the Company
substantially in excess of its insurance coverages.
The Company's operating expenditures for environmental matters, mostly
waste management and compliance, were approximately $52 million, $50 million,
and $47 million for fiscal 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively. The Company also
spent approximately $2 million and $3 million for environmentally related
capital projects in fiscal 1998 and 1997 respectively.
Any significant ban on all chlorine containing compounds could have a
materially adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and results of
operations. British Columbia has a regulation in place requiring elimination of
the use of all chlorine products, including chlorine dioxide, in the bleaching
process by the year 2002. Chlorine dioxide is produced from sodium chlorate,
which is one of the Company's pulp chemical products. The pulp and paper
industry believes that a ban of chlorine dioxide in the bleaching process will
yield no measurable environmental or public health benefit and is working to
change this regulation but there can be no assurance that the regulation will be
changed. In the event such a regulation is implemented, the Company would seek
to sell the products it manufactures at its British
59
62
Columbia facility to customers in other markets. The Company is not aware of any
other laws or regulations in place in North America, which would restrict the
use of such products for other purposes.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Ammonia Release
On May 8, 1994, an ammonia release occurred at the Texas City Plant while a
reactor in the acrylonitrile unit was being restarted after a shutdown for
routine maintenance. Approximately 52 lawsuits and interventions involving
approximately 6,000 plaintiffs were filed against the Company seeking an
unspecified amount of money for alleged damages from the ammonia release.
Approximately 2,600 of the plaintiffs agreed to submit their damage claims
to binding arbitration. A two week evidentiary hearing was conducted in July
1996 before a three judge panel to determine the amount of damages. On May 1,
1997, the three judge panel awarded the plaintiffs an amount of damages which
was well within the limits of the Company's insurance coverage.
Thirty-nine of the plaintiffs tried their cases to a jury in Harris County
District Court. After approximately five months of trial, the jury returned a
verdict on September 2, 1997. The total amount awarded for all 39 plaintiffs was
well within the limits of the Company's insurance coverage.
Approximately 5,500 of the claims in litigation have now been resolved or
are pending final resolution and the Company continues to vigorously defend
against the claims of the approximately 500 remaining plaintiffs.
Nickel Carbonyl Release
On July 30, 1997, as the Company's methanol unit at the Texas City Plant
was being shut down for repair, nickel carbonyl was formed when carbon monoxide
reacted with nickel catalyst in the unit's reformer. After isolating the nickel
carbonyl within the methanol unit, the Company worked with the permission and
guidance of the Texas Natural Resources Conservation Commission to destroy the
nickel carbonyl by incineration on-site.
Prior to its incineration, several Company employees and contractor
employees may have been exposed to nickel carbonyl in the methanol unit. Sixteen
contractor employees allegedly exposed to nickel carbonyl are plaintiffs in a
lawsuit against the Company seeking unspecified damages for personal injuries.
Additional claims and litigation against the Company relating to this incident
may ensue.
Ethylbenzene Release
On April 1, 1998, a chemical leak occurred when a line failed in the
ethylbenzene unit at the Texas City Plant. The released chemicals included
ethylbenzene, benzene, polyethylbenzene, and hydrochloric acid. The Company does
not believe any serious injuries were sustained, although a number of citizens
sought medical examinations at local hospitals after a precautionary alert was
given to neighboring communities. There is no lawsuit pending against the
Company based on this release, but the Company has received, and in some
instances resolved, claims from individuals for alleged damage from this
incident.
Other Claims
The Company is subject to various other claims and legal actions that arise
in the ordinary course of its business.
LITIGATION CONTINGENCY
The Company has made estimates of the reasonably possible range of
liability with regard to its outstanding litigation for which it may incur
liability. These estimates are based on the Company's judgments using currently
available information as well as consultation with the Company's insurance
carriers and outside legal counsel. A number of the claims in these litigation
matters are covered by the Company's insurance policies or by third-party
indemnification of the Company. The Company, therefore, has also made estimates
of its probable recoveries under insurance policies or from third-party
indemnitors based on its understanding of its insurance policies and
indemnifications, discussions with its insurers and indemnitors, and
consultation with outside legal counsel, in addition to the Company's judgments.
Based on the foregoing, as of September 30, 1998, the Company has accrued
approximately $8.3 million as its estimate of aggregate contingent liability for
these matters and has also recorded
60
63
aggregate receivables from its insurers and third-party indemnitors of
approximately $6.6 million. At September 30, 1998, management estimates that the
aggregate reasonably possible range of loss for all litigation combined, in
addition to the amount accrued, is from $0 to $9 million. The Company believes
that this additional reasonably possible loss is substantially covered by
insurance.
While the Company has based its estimates on its evaluation of available
information to date and the other matters described above, much of the
litigation remains in the discovery stage and it is impossible to predict with
certainty the ultimate outcome. The Company will adjust its estimates as
necessary as additional information is developed and evaluated. However, the
Company believes that the final resolution of these contingencies will not have
a material adverse impact on the financial position, results of operations, or
cash flows of the Company.
The timing of probable insurance and indemnity recoveries, and payment of
liabilities, if any, is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the
financial position, results of operations, or cash flows of the Company.
8. BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS
On January 31, 1997, the Company acquired the AFB from Cytec. The AFB, now
owned by two wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company (collectively "Sterling
Fibers"), recorded sales of approximately $92 million during the eight months of
operations in fiscal 1997 and consists of an acrylic fibers plant located near
Pensacola, Florida, and several associated marketing and research offices.
Sterling Fibers is one of two acrylic fibers manufacturers in the United States.
Cytec supplies acrylonitrile to Sterling Fibers through a five-year supply
agreement ending in 2002. The acquisition was financed through the incurence of
$81 million of term debt under the Fibers Credit Agreement with substantially
the same lenders as those under the Original Credit Agreement, the issuance of
$10 million (liquidation value) of Series A "pay in kind" mandatory redeemable
preferred stock ("Series A Preferred") to Cytec, and the sale of $10 million of
Holdings Common Stock in a private placement. The Company used the purchase
method to account for the acquisition, and operating results of Sterling Fibers
beginning February 1, 1997, are included with those of the Company.
On July 10, 1997, Sterling Sask acquired substantially all of the assets of
Saskatoon Chemicals. The acquired assets include a manufacturing plant near
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, which manufactures sodium chlorate, caustic soda,
calcium hypochlorite, chlorine, and hydrochloric acid. Total consideration of
$69.2 million was financed with: (i) approximately $54.6 million under a new
credit facility established by Sterling Sask with a group of lenders, (ii)
approximately $7.3 million pursuant to a private placement of Holdings Common
Stock, and (iii) approximately $7.3 million pursuant to a private placement of
Units, each Unit consisting of shares of Holdings' Series B "pay in kind"
mandatory Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock ("Series B Preferred") and
warrants to purchase shares of Holdings Common Stock. The Saskatoon Acquisition
was accounted for under the purchase method and operating results of Sterling
Sask beginning July 10, 1997, are included with those of the Company.
The following table presents the unaudited pro forma results of operations
of the Company as if the AFB Acquistion and the Saskatoon Acquisition had
occurred on October 1, 1995. The pro forma results have been prepared for
comparative purposes only and do not purport to be indicative of what would have
occurred had the AFB Acquistion and the Saskatoon Acquisition been made at the
beginning of the fiscal year 1996 or of results which may occur in the future
(in thousands, except per share amounts).
Pro Forma Pro Forma
Twelve Months Twelve Months
Ended Ended
September 30, September 30,
1997 1996
--------------- ---------------
Revenues................................................. $ 988,000 $ 975,600
Income (loss) before extraordinary items................. $ (27,300) $ 39,400
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders.... $ (34,200) $ 34,400
Net income (loss) per common share....................... $ (2.85) $ 0.66
61
64
9. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION:
Sales to individual customers constituting 10% or more of total revenues
and sales by segment were as follows (there were no sales to individual
customers constituting 10% or more of total revenues in fiscal 1997 and 1996):
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
---------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------------ ------------ ------------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Major Customers:
British Petroleum plc and subsidiaries $ 100,610 * *
Export Sales:
Export revenues $ 233,165 $ 274,139 $ 267,153
Percentage of total revenues 28% 30% 34%
Export revenues (as a percent of total exports) by geographical area:
Asia 65% 56% 66%
Europe 16% 41% 34%
Other 19% 3% --
* DOES NOT COMPRISE 10% OF TOTAL REVENUE FOR 1997 AND 1996, THEREFORE NOT
REPORTED.
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
-------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
---------- ---------- ----------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Segment Information (1)
Revenues:
Petrochemical and Fibers $ 621,605 $ 728,215 $ 633,754
Pulp 200,985 180,572 156,711
---------- ---------- ----------
Total $ 822,590 $ 908,787 $ 790,465
Operating income (loss):
Petrochemical and Fibers $ (3,442) $ 11,524 $ 31,891
Pulp 36,232 45,945 35,597
---------- ---------- ----------
Total $ 32,790 $ 57,469 $ 67,488
Depreciation and amortization expenses:
Petrochemical and Fibers $ 31,894 $ 32,762 $ 28,125
Pulp 24,069 21,250 14,577
---------- ---------- ----------
Total $ 55,963 $ 54,012 $ 42,702
Capital expenditures:
Petrochemical and Fibers $ 16,768 $ 22,664 $ 50,033
Pulp 9,854 20,764 45,924
---------- ---------- ----------
Total $ 26,622 $ 43,428 $ 95,957
Identifiable assets:
Petrochemicals and Fibers $ 474,426 $ 554,474 $ 457,273
Pulp 300,576 324,497 232,411
---------- ---------- ----------
Total $ 775,002 $ 878,971 $ 689,684
(1) The petrochemical and fibers segment is based in the United States. The
pulp segment is primarily based in Canada.
10. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
FOREIGN EXCHANGE
The Company enters into forward foreign exchange contracts to hedge
Canadian dollar currency transactions on a continuing basis for periods
consistent with its committed exposures. The forward foreign exchange contracts
have varying maturities with none exceeding 18 months. The Company makes net
settlements of United States dollars for Canadian dollars at rates agreed to at
inception of the contracts.
The Company enters into forward foreign exchange contracts to reduce risk
due to Canadian dollar exchange rate movements. The Company does not engage in
currency speculation. The Company had a notional amount of approximately $54
million and $20 million of forward foreign exchange contracts outstanding to buy
Canadian dollars at September 30, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The deferred loss
on these forward foreign exchange contracts at September 30, 1998 and 1997 was
$4.7 million and $0.3 million, respectively.
62
65
GAS HEDGE
The Company hedged a portion of its natural gas to be used in the
production of styrene and methanol during fiscal 1998 and 1999. At September 30,
1998, the Company had primarily natural gas collar contracts on 900,000 MMbtu's
of natural gas per month for October 1998 through March 1999 with an average
"floor" price of $2.23 per MMbtu and an average "cap" price of $2.51 per MMbtu.
The Company's hedging agreements are settled on a monthly basis. All of the
Company's contracts specify the third-party index to be the inside FERC Houston
Ship Channel First of the Month Index Price. The Company had a net loss of $1.0
million and $0.1 million due to natural gas hedging contracts in fiscal 1998 and
1997, respectively, and an unrealized gain of $0.2 million at September 30,
1998.
INTEREST RATE SWAPS
The Company has entered into a declining balance interest rate swap
contract to hedge a portion of its interest rate risk that expires in January
2002. At September 30, 1998, the Company had a contractual notional amount of
$62.5 million outstanding with a fixed rate of 6.66% and a floating rate based
on LIBOR. The Company's interest rate swap is settled on a quarterly basis, with
the interest rate differential received or paid by the Company recognized as
adjustments to interest expense.
CONCENTRATION OF RISK
The Company sells its products primarily to companies involved in the
petrochemical, fiber, and pulp and paper manufacturing industries. The Company
performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not
require collateral for accounts receivable. However, letters of credit are
required by the Company on many of its export sales. The Company's credit losses
have been minimal.
The Company maintains cash deposits with major banks, which from time to
time may exceed federally insured limits. The Company periodically assesses the
financial condition of the institutions and believes that any possible loss is
minimal.
Approximately 40% of the Company's employees are covered by union
agreements. Approximately 27% of the Company's employees are covered by union
agreements, which could expire within one year.
INVESTMENTS
It is the policy of the Company to invest its excess cash in investment
instruments or securities whose value is not subject to market fluctuations such
as certificates of deposit, repurchase agreements, or Eurodollar deposits with
domestic or foreign banks or other financial institutions. Other permitted
investments include commercial paper of major United States corporations with
ratings of A1 by Standard & Poor's Ratings Group or P1 by Moody's Investor
Services, Inc., loan participations of major United States corporations with a
short term credit rating of A1/P1 and direct obligations of the United States
Government or its agencies. In addition, not more than $5 million will be
invested by the Company with any single bank, financial institution, or United
States corporation.
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The carrying amounts reflected in the consolidated balance sheet for cash,
cash equivalents, and receivables approximate fair value as reported in the
balance sheet due to the short maturities. The following table presents the
carrying values and fair values of the Company's long-term debt at September 30,
1998.
CARRYING VALUE FAIR VALUE
-------------- ------------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Revolving credit facilities $ -- $ --
Term loans 274,000 274,000
Saskatoon term loans 49,552 49,552
ESOP term loans 3,250 3,250
11 1/4% Notes 152,816 126,645
11 3/4% Notes 275,000 238,453
13 1/2% Notes 127,907 88,838
The fair values of the 13 1/2% Notes, 11 1/4% Notes, and 11 3/4% Notes are
based on quoted market prices.
63
66
At September 30, 1998, the outstanding natural gas hedging contracts had a
fair value of approximately $0.2 million gain and the foreign exchange contracts
had a fair value of $4.7 million loss. In addition, the interest rate swaps had
a fair market value of $2.3 million loss, based on the Company's estimate of
what it would have to pay to terminate the swap at September 30, 1998.
11. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In connection with the 1996 Recapitalization, the Company paid TSG and
Unicorn one-time transaction fees of approximately $8.4 million and $4.4
million, respectively. T. Hunter Nelson and Frank J. Hevrdejs, members of the
Board of Directors of the Company, are principals of TSG and Frank P. Diassi,
Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company, is a principal of Unicorn. In
addition, the Company paid TSG a one-time transaction fee of approximately $1.1
million in connection with the AFB Acquisition, and a fee of approximately $0.7
million in connection with the Saskatoon Acquisition.
Investment banking fees of approximately $3.3 million were paid as part of
the 1996 Recapitalization to Lazard Freres & Company ("Lazard"). A member of the
former Board of Directors is a Limited Managing Director of Lazard. However, the
Board member agreed not to receive any compensation from Lazard related to the
Merger.
Also in connection with the 1996 Recapitalization, Credit Suisse First
Boston Corporation ("CFSB") served as managing underwriter for the public
offering of the 13 1/2% Notes and 11 3/4% Notes and provided certain financial
advisory services to STX Acquisition and Chemicals, for which such firm received
underwriting discounts and commissions and financial advisory fees totaling
approximately $17 million. In addition, CSFB received net compensation of
approximately $1.0 million related to the 11 1/4% Notes Offering. John L.
Garcia, a director and stockholder of the Company, is a Managing Director of
CSFB.
Since October 1, 1991, the Company and certain affiliates of Koch
Industries have had ongoing commercial relationships in the ordinary course of
business, including, from time to time, supply of raw materials or sales of
petrochemicals and transportation of natural gas. For the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1998, 1997, and 1996 (i) product sales to and raw material
purchases from Koch Chemical, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Koch
Industries, (ii) payments to John Zink Company, an indirect wholly-owned
subsidiary of Koch Industries, in consideration for certain contracting and
construction services performed at the Texas City Plant, and (iii) services for
the transportation of natural gas by Koch Gateway Pipeline Company to the Santa
Rosa Plant, each represented less than 5% of the Company's revenues.
In connection with the Saskatoon Acquisition, the Company paid a fee to
Clipper Capital Associates, Inc. ("Clipper") and Olympus Partners ("Olympus") of
$0.1 million to act as placement agents for the Series B Preferred Stock. Robert
Calhoun, a former director of the Company, is President of Clipper. Affiliates
of Clipper and Olympus are significant stockholders of the Company.
As of December 15, 1998, the Company entered into the Standby Purchase
Agreements with, and issued warrants to, Frank P. Diassi, Frank J. Hevrdejs, and
Koch Capital Services, Inc. as describe below in Footnote 12.
12. CAPITAL STOCK
The authorized shares of Holdings Common Stock at September 30, 1998 and
1997 was 20,000,000.
On January 31, 1997, the Company issued 778,232 additional shares of
Holdings Common Stock in connection with the AFB Acquisition. In addition, on
July 10, 1997, the Company issued 608,334 shares of Holdings Common Stock in
connection with the Saskatoon Acquisition.
In connection with the issuance of the 13 1/2% Notes (see Note 4), Holdings
issued 191,751 warrants to purchase three shares of Holdings Common Stock for
$0.01, exercisable beginning in August 1998 until August 2008. During fiscal
1998, 345,123 shares of Common Stock were issued as a result of 115,041 of these
warrants being exercised. In connection with the Saskatoon Acquisition, Holdings
also issued to holders of the Series B Preferred Stock warrants to purchase
201,048 shares of Holdings Common Stock for $0.01, exercisable beginning in July
1997 until December 2007. At September 30, 1998, warrants to purchase an
aggregate of 431,178 shares Holdings Common Stock were outstanding.
In December 1998, the Company entered into separate Standby Purchase
Agreements (collectively, the "Purchase Agreements") with each of Gordon A.
Cain, William A. McMinn, James Crane, Mr. Diassi, Mr. Hevrdejs and Koch
64
67
Capital (collectively, the "Purchasers"). Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase
Agreements, the Purchasers committed to purchase up to 2.5 million shares of
Common Stock, at a price of $6.00 per share, if, as and when requested by the
Company at any time or from time to time prior to December 15, 2001. Under each
of the Purchasers Agreements, the Company may only require the Purchasers to
purchase such shares if it believes that such capital is necessary to maintain,
reestablish, or enhance its borrowing ability under the Company's revolving
credit facilities or to satisfy any requirement thereunder to raise additional
equity. To induce the Purchasers to enter into the Purchase Agreements, the
Company issued to them warrants to purchase an aggregate of 300,000 shares of
Common Stock at an exercise price of $6.00 per share. Pursuant to the Purchase
Agreements, the Company agreed to issue to the Purchasers additional warrants to
purchase up to 300,000 additional shares of Common Stock if, as and when they
purchase shares of Common Stock under the Purchase Agreements. Any shares of
Common Stock purchased under the Purchase Agreement and the warrants issued to
the Purchasers as contemplated by the Purchase Agreements will be subject to the
terms of the Amended and Restated Voting Agreement dated as of December 15,
1998, the Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. Stockholders Agreement dated
effective as of August 21, 1996, as amended, and the Tag-Along Agreement dated
as of August 21, 1996, each of which is filed as an Exhibit to this Form 10-K.
13. MANDATORY REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
In connection with the AFB Acquisition, the Company authorized 350,000
shares and issued 104,110 shares of non-voting Series A Preferred Stock with a
fair value and carrying value of $10.0 million. The Series A Preferred Stock has
a cumulative dividend rate of 10%, payable in kind semi-annually on January 1
and July 1 of each year commencing July 1, 1997. The Company may redeem all or
any number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock at any time with proper written
notice at a price of $100 per share plus accrued dividends. The holders of
Series A Preferred Stock may elect to have the Company redeem shares on any
dividend payment date after June 30, 2009 with proper written notice at a price
of $100 per share plus accrued dividends. The carrying value of the Series A
Preferred Stock at September 30, 1998 and 1997, was $11.8 million and $10.7
million, respectively (liquidation value of $100 per share).
In connection with the Saskatoon Acquisition, the Company authorized 58,000
shares and issued approximately 7,532 shares of non-voting Series B Preferred
Stock with a fair value of $4.9 million. The Series B Preferred Stock has a 14%
dividend rate through July 10, 2002, and thereafter a variable rate between 14%
and 18% depending on payment terms (as defined) until redeemed. The dividend is
payable in kind on January 1, April 1, July 1, and October 1 of each year
commencing October 1, 1997. The Company may redeem all or any number of shares
of Series B Preferred Stock at any time with proper written notice at a price of
$1,000 per share plus a premium ranging from 5% to 1% depending on the date of
redemption plus accrued dividends. The holders of Series B Preferred Stock may
elect to have the Company redeem shares on any dividend payment date after June
30, 2009, with proper written notice at a price of $1,000 per share plus accrued
dividends. The carrying value of the Series B Preferred Stock at September 30,
1998 and 1997, was $6.5 million and $5.1 million, respectively (liquidation
value of $1,000 per share). The difference in the carrying value and the
redemption amount will be accreted as a charge to retained earnings over the
holding period using the effective interest rate method.
14. NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income," establishes standards for
reporting and displaying of comprehensive income and its components. SFAS No.
131, "Disclosure About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,"
establishes standards for the way that public business enterprises report
information about operating segments in interim and annual financial statements.
SFAS No. 132, "Employers' Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement
Benefits," establishes revisions to employers' disclosure about pension and
other post retirement benefit plans. Management is currently evaluating the
disclosures required when these three statements are adopted in the first
quarter of fiscal 1999. Adoption of these three statements will have no effect
on net income (loss).
SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities," establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative
instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other
contracts and for hedging activities. Management is currently evaluating the
accounting impact and disclosures required when this statement is adopted in the
first quarter of fiscal 2000.
65
68
STERLING CHEMICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Except as modified below, the Notes to the Company's Consolidated Financial
Statements are incorporated herein by reference insofar as they relate to
Chemicals.
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
CASH FLOWS
On August 21, 1996, Holdings transferred all of its operating assets and
liabilities (net $422.8 million) to Chemicals. At the same time, Chemicals
transferred $610 million in cash to Holdings.
INCOME TAXES
Chemicals is included in the consolidated federal tax return filed by its
parent, Holdings. A tax sharing agreement between Holdings and Chemicals defines
the computation of Chemicals' obligations to Holdings. Chemicals' provision for
income taxes is computed as if Chemicals and its subsidiaries file their annual
tax return on a separate company basis. Deferred income taxes are recorded to
reflect the tax effect of the temporary differences between the financial
reporting basis and the tax basis of Chemicals' assets and liabilities at
enacted rates.
EARNINGS PER SHARE
All issued and outstanding shares of Chemicals are held by Holdings, and
accordingly, earnings per share are not presented.
2. INCOME TAXES
A reconciliation of federal statutory income taxes to Chemicals' effective
tax provision (benefit) before extraordinary item follows:
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
-------------------------- MAY 14, 1996
1998 1997 TO SEPTEMBER 30, 1996
---------- ---------- ---------------------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Provision (benefit) for federal income tax at the statutory rate ..... $ (20,385) $ (4,576) $ 195
Foreign sales corporation ............................................ -- -- (116)
State and foreign income taxes ....................................... 1,422 3,782 115
Tax settlements and other ............................................ -- (1,354) 190
---------- ---------- ----------
Effective tax provision (benefit) .................................... (18,963) (2,148) $ 384
========== ========== ==========
The provision (benefit) for income taxes is composed of the following:
YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,
-------------------------- MAY 14, 1996
1998 1997 TO SEPTEMBER 30, 1996
---------- ---------- ---------------------
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
From operations:
Current federal ................ $ (5,900) $ (5,959) $ (1,001)
Deferred federal ............... (15,271) (4,235) 1,457
Deferred foreign ............... 2,132 6,104 90
Current state .................. 76 1,942 (162)
---------- ---------- ----------
Total tax provision (benefit) .. (18,963) (2,148) $ 384
========== ========== ==========
66
69
The components of Chemicals' deferred income tax assets and liabilities are
summarized below:
SEPTEMBER 30,
-------------------------
1998 1997
---------- ----------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Accrued liabilities .................................. $ 12,074 $ 5,367
Accrued postretirement cost .......................... 10,010 12,350
Tax loss and credit carryforward and other ........... 24,783 7,209
Foreign dividends .................................... 15,490 11,764
Other ................................................ 2,490 1,166
---------- ----------
Total deferred tax assets ............................ 64,847 37,856
---------- ----------
Less: current deferred income tax asset ............. 5,140 10,005
---------- ----------
Noncurrent deferred tax assets ....................... $ 59,707 $ 27,851
========== ==========
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant and equipment ........................ $ 78,113 $ 67,996
Accrued pension cost ................................. 2,211 1,665
Other ................................................ 2,684 836
---------- ----------
Total deferred tax liabilities ....................... 83,008 70,497
---------- ----------
Net deferred tax liability ........................... $ 23,301 $ 42,646
========== ==========
In fiscal 1998, Chemicals generated approximately $48 million in United
States net operating losses, of which $18 million will be carried back and
utilized in a prior fiscal year and $30 million will be carried forward and if
not utilized in future years, will expire in fiscal 2013. Chemicals also has
approximately Cdn. $12.9 million in Canadian tax credit carry forwards which
will expire from 1999 through 2004.
67
70
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.
We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of Sterling Chemicals Holdings,
Inc. and subsidiaries as of September 30, 1998 and 1997, and the related
consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders' equity
(deficiency in assets) and cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended September 30, 1998. These financial statements are the responsibility of
the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Sterling Chemicals
Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries as of September 30, 1998 and 1997 and the
consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended September 30, 1998 in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
December 4, 1998 (December 17, 1998 as to Notes 4, 11, and 12)
Houston, Texas
68
71
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Stockholder of Sterling Chemicals, Inc.
We have audited the consolidated balance sheets of Sterling Chemicals, Inc. and
subsidiaries as of September 30, 1998 and 1997, and the related consolidated
statements of operations, changes in stockholder's equity (deficiency in assets)
and cash flows for the years ended September 30, 1998 and 1997 and for the
period from May 14, 1996 (date of incorporation) to September 30, 1996. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Sterling
Chemicals, Inc. and subsidiaries as of September 30, 1998 and 1997 and the
consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the years
ended September 30, 1998 and 1997 and for the period from May 14, 1996 (date of
incorporation) to September 30, 1996 in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
December 4, 1998 (December 17, 1998 as to Notes 4, 11, and 12)
Houston, Texas
69
72
REPORT OF MANAGEMENT
Management is responsible for the preparation and content of the financial
statements and other information included in this annual report. The financial
statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles appropriate under the circumstances to reflect, in all material
respects, the substance of events and transactions that should be included. The
financial statements reflect management's judgments and estimates as to the
effects of events and transactions that are accounted for or disclosed.
Management maintains accounting systems which are supported by internal
accounting controls that provide reasonable assurance that assets are
safeguarded and that transactions are executed in accordance with management's
authorization and recorded properly to permit the preparation of financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The
concept of reasonable assurance is based on the recognition that the cost of a
system of internal accounting controls should not exceed the benefits.
Deloitte & Touche LLP performed an independent audit of the Company's
financial statements for fiscal years 1998, 1997, and 1996, for the purpose of
determining that the statements are presented fairly and in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles. The independent auditors are appointed
by the Board of Directors and meet regularly with the Audit and Compliance
Committee of the Board. The Audit and Compliance Committee of the Board of
Directors is composed solely of outside directors. The Audit and Compliance
Committee meets periodically with the Company's senior officers and independent
accountants to review the adequacy and reliability of the Company's accounting,
financial reporting, and internal controls.
Peter W. De Leeuw
President and Chief Executive Officer
Paul G. Vanderhoven
Controller - Principal Accounting Officer
December 17, 1998
70
73
STERLING CHEMICALS HOLDINGS, INC.
SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
FISCAL FIRST SECOND THIRD FOURTH
YEAR QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER QUARTER
---- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Revenues 1998 $ 230,236 $ 204,504 $ 205,414 $ 182,436
1997 186,926 239,763 239,244 242,854
Gross Profit 1998 22,497 14,388 25,604 27,690
1997 15,083 16,827 28,995 34,734
Loss before extraordinary items 1998 (10,145) (16,288) (13,118) (6,568)
1997 (7,198) (7,811) (5,453) (3,674)
Net loss (1) 1998 (10,145) (16,288) (13,118) (6,568)
1997 (7,198) (7,811) (9,377) (3,674)
Per Share Data:
Loss before extraordinary item 1998 $ (0.91) $ (1.37) $ (1.13) $ (0.60)
1997 (0.68) (0.72) (0.48) (0.35)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders 1998 (0.91) (1.37) (1.13) (0.60)
1997 (0.68) (0.72) (0.84) (0.35)
- --------------------
(1) During the second and third quarters of fiscal 1998, the Company recorded
$3.0 million and $3.0 million, respectively, related to voluntary severance
programs offered by the Company at the Texas City Plant. During the third
quarter of fiscal 1997, the Company recorded a $3.9 million after-tax ($6.0
million pre-tax) extraordinary item related to unamortized debt issue costs
as a result of the partial prepayment of the Term Loans.
71
74
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
Not applicable.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The Proxy Statement for the Company's 1999 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
is incorporated herein by reference in response to this item.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The Proxy Statement for the Company's 1999 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
is incorporated herein by reference in response to this item.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The Proxy Statement for the Company's 1999 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
is incorporated herein by reference in response to this item.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The Proxy Statement for the Company's 1999 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
is incorporated herein by reference in response to this item.
72
75
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON
FORM 8-K.
(a) Financial Statements, Financial Statement Schedules and Exhibits
1. Consolidated Financial Statements
PAGE OF
THIS 10-K
---------
Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. Consolidated Statements of Operations for the fiscal
years ended September 30, 1998, 1997, and 1996............................................. 37
Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 1998
and 1997................................................................................... 38
Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity..
(Deficiency in Assets) for the fiscal years ended September 30, 1998, 1997, and 1996...... 39
Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the fiscal
years ended September 30, 1998, 1997, and 1996............................................. 40
Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Consolidated Statements of Operations for the period from May
14, 1996 to September 30, 1996 and the fiscal years ended September 30, 1998 and 1997...... 41
Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 1998 and 1997........ 42
Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholder's Equity
(Deficiency in Assets) for the period from May 14, 1996 to September 30, 1996 and the
fiscal years ended September 30, 1998 and 1997............................................. 43
Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the period from May 14,
1996 to September 30, 1996 and the fiscal years ended September 30, 1998 and 1997.......... 44
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.................................................... 45
Reports of Independent Accountants............................................................ 68
Report of Management.......................................................................... 70
2. All schedules for which provision is made in Regulation S-X of the
Securities and Exchange Commission are not required under the related
instruction or are inapplicable and, therefore, have been omitted.
73
76
3. Exhibits
The following exhibits are filed as part of this Form 10-K:
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT
------ ----------------------
2.1 - Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger between
STX Acquisition Corp. and Sterling Chemicals, Inc. dated as
of April 24, 1996, incorporated by reference from the
Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 24, 1996,
as amended by Form 8-K/A.
3.1 - Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Sterling Chemicals
Holdings, Inc., incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended June 30, 1997.
3.2 - Certificate of Incorporation of Sterling Chemicals, Inc., as
amended, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.2 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1996.
3.3 - Restated Bylaws of Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.3 to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1996.
3.4 - Bylaws of Sterling Chemicals, Inc., incorporated by
reference from Exhibit 3.4 to the Registration Statement on
Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp. and STX Chemicals Corp.
(Registration No. 333-04343).
4.1 - Warrant Agreement (including form of Warrant) dated as of
August 15, 1996 between Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.
and KeyCorp Shareholder Services, Inc. as Warrant Agent,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.4 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp.
and STX Chemicals Corp. (Registration No. 333-04343).
4.2 - Warrant Agreement dated as of July 10, 1997 between Sterling
Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and Harris Trust and Savings Bank
as Warrant Agent, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended June 30, 1997.
**4.3 - Warrant Agreement dated as of December 15, 1998 between
Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and Harris Trust and
Savings Bank, as Warrant Agent.
**4.4 - Warrant Agreement dated as of December 15, 1998 executed by
Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. in favor of Chase Bank of
Texas, National Association, Credit Suisse First Boston and
certain other financial institutions.
4.5 - Indenture dated as of August 15, 1996 between Sterling
Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and Fleet National Bank governing
the 13 1/2% Senior Secured Discount Notes Due 2008 of the
Company, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.5 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp.
and STX Chemicals Corp. (Registration No. 333-04343).
4.5(a) - First Supplement Indenture dated October 1, 1997 governing
the 13 1/2 % Senior Secured Discount Notes Due 2008 of the
Company, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.2 to the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly
period ended March 31, 1998.
4.5(b) - Second Supplement Indenture dated March 16, 1998 governing
the 13 1/2 % Senior Secured Discount Notes Due 2008 of the
Company, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.3 to the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly
period ended March 31, 1998.
4.6 - Indenture dated as of August 15, 1996 between Sterling
Chemicals, Inc. and Fleet National Bank governing the 11
3/4% Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 of Sterling
Chemicals, Inc. (formerly known as STX Chemicals Corp.),
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.7 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp.
and STX Chemicals Corp. (Registration No. 333-04343).
4.6(a) - First Supplement Indenture dated October 1, 1997 governing
the 11 3/4% Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 of Sterling
Chemicals, Inc., incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.4
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended March 31, 1998.
4.6(b) - Second Supplement Indenture dated March 16, 1998 governing
the 11 3/4% Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 of Sterling
Chemicals, Inc., incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.5
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended March 31, 1998.
74
77
4.7 - Indenture dated as of April 7, 1997 between Sterling
Chemicals, Inc. and Fleet National Bank governing the 11
1/4% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2007 of Sterling
Chemicals, Inc., incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended March 31, 1997.
4.7(a) - First Supplement Indenture dated March 16, 1998 governing
the 11 1/4% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2007 of Sterling
Chemicals, Inc., incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.6
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended March 31, 1998.
4.8 - Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated July 10, 1997
among Sterling Chemicals, Inc. and Texas Commerce Bank
National Association, individually and as Administrative
Agent, Credit Suisse First Boston, individually and as
Documentation Agent, and the other lenders named therein,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.6 to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1997.
4.8(a) - First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement,
dated March 31, 1998, among Sterling Chemicals, Inc. and
Chase Bank of Texas, N.A., individually and as
Administrative Agent, Credit Suisse First Boston,
individually and as Documentation Agent, and the other
lenders named therein, incorporated by reference from
Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the quarterly period ended March 31, 1998.
**4.8(b) - Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement,
dated December 15, 1998, among Sterling Chemicals, Inc. and
Chase Bank of Texas, National Association, individually and
as Administrative Agent, Credit Suisse First Boston,
individually and as Documentation Agent, and the other
lenders named therein.
4.9 - Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. Stockholders Agreement
dated effective as of August 21, 1996, incorporated by
reference from Exhibit 4.10 to the Registration Statement on
Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp. and STX Chemicals Corp.
(Registration No. 333-04343).
4.9(a) - First Amendment to Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.
Stockholders Agreement dated effective as of December 31,
1997, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.7 to the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly
period ended March 31, 1998.
**4.9(b) - Second Amendment to Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.
Stockholders Agreement dated effective as of May 1, 1998.
4.10 - Registration Rights Agreement, incorporated by reference
from Exhibit 4.11 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1
of STX Acquisition Corp. and STX Chemicals Corp.
(Registration No. 333-04343).
4.11 - Amended and Restated Voting Agreement dated as of
January 22, 1997, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.5
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended June 30, 1998.
**4.11(a) - Amended and Restated Voting Agreement dated as of December
15, 1998.
4.12 - Tag-Along Agreement dated as of August 21, 1996 incorporated
by reference from Exhibit 4.13 to the Registration Statement
on Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp. and STX Chemicals Corp.
(Registration No. 333-04343).
4.13 - Intercreditor Agreement dated as of August 21, 1996 between
Texas Commerce Bank National Association and Fleet National
Bank, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.14 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp.
and STX Chemicals Corp. (Registration No.333-04343).
4.14 - Security Agreement (Pledge) dated August 21, 1996 between
STX Acquisition Corp. and Texas Commerce Bank National
Association, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.15 to
the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of STX Acquisition
Corp. and STX Chemicals Corp. (Registration No. 333-04343).
4.14(a) - Second Amendment and Supplement to Security Agreement
(Pledge) dated January 31, 1997 between Sterling Chemicals
Holdings, Inc. and Texas Commerce Bank National Association,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
December 31, 1996.
+10.1 - Assets Purchase Agreement dated August 1, 1986, between
Monsanto Company and the Company, incorporated by reference
from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1992.
10.2 - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Salaried Employees' Pension Plan
(Restated as of October 1, 1993), incorporated by reference
from Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1993.
75
78
10.2(a) - Supplement to the Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Salaried
Employee's Pension Plan (Restated as of January 1, 1994),
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.6(a) to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1994.
10.2(b) - First and Second Amendments to the Sterling Chemicals, Inc.
Salaried Employees' Pension Plan dated April 27, 1994 and
September 23, 1994, respectively, incorporated by reference
from Exhibit 10.6(b) to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994.
10.3 - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Hourly Paid Employees' Pension Plan
(Restated as of October 1, 1993), incorporated by reference
from Exhibit 10.8 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1993.
10.3(a) - Supplement to the Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Hourly Paid
Employee's Pension Plan (Restated as of January 1, 1994),
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.8(a) to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1994.
10.3(b) - First Amendment to the Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Hourly Paid
Employees' Pension Plan dated April 27, 1994, incorporated
by reference from Exhibit 10.8(b) to the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30,
1994.
10.3(c) - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Amended and Restated Hourly Paid
Employees' Pension Plan (Effective as of May 1, 1996),
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3(c) to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1996.
10.4 - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Amended and Restated Savings and
Investment Plan, incorporated by reference from Exhibit
10.10 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended September 30, 1993.
10.4(a) - Supplements to the Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Savings and
Investment Plan for Hourly Paid Employees and Salaried
Employees, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.10(a)
to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended September 30, 1994.
10.4(b) - First and Second Amendments to the Sterling Chemicals, Inc.
Amended and Restated Savings and Investment Plan dated April
27, 1994 and October 26, 1994, respectively, incorporated by
reference from Exhibit 10.10(b) to the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30,
1994.
10.5 - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Pension Benefit Equalization Plan,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.10 to the
Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration
No. 33-24020).
10.6 - Sterling Chemicals Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP),
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1996.
+10.7 - Styrene Monomer Conversion Contract dated November 3, 1995,
between Monsanto Company (subsequently assigned to Bayer
Corporation, a subsidiary of Bayer AG) and the Company,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.13 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1995.
+10.8 - Production Agreement dated April 15, 1988 between BP
Chemicals Americas Inc. and the Company and First and Second
Amendment thereto, incorporated by reference from Exhibit
10.21 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1
(Registration No. 33-24020).
+10.8(a) - Amended and Restated Production Agreement dated March 31,
1998, between BP Chemicals, Inc. and Sterling Chemicals,
Inc., incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly
period ended March 31, 1998.
+10.9 - Agreement dated May 2, 1988, between E.I. du Pont de Nemours
and Company and the Company, incorporated by reference from
Exhibit 10.22 to the Company's Registration Statement on
Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-24020).
+10.10 - Amended and Restated Product Sales Agreement dated January
1, 1997, between BASF Corporation and the Company,
incorporated by referenced from Exhibit 10.11 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1997.
10.11 - License Agreement dated August 1, 1986, between Monsanto
Company and the Company, incorporated by reference from
Exhibit 10.25 to the Company's Registration Statement on
Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-24020).
76
79
+10.12 - Amended Lease and Production Agreement dated August 8, 1994,
between BP Chemicals Americas Inc. and the Company,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.21 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1994.
+10.12(a)- Second Amended and Restated Production Agreement dated
effective as of August 1, 1996, between BP Chemicals Inc.
and Sterling Chemicals, Inc., incorporated by reference from
Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the quarterly period ended March 31, 1998.
10.13 - Form of Indemnity Agreement executed between the Company and
each of its officers and directors prior to the Merger,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.30 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1994.
10.14 - Form of Indemnity Agreement executed between the Company and
each of its officers and directors, incorporated by
reference from Exhibit 10.17 to the Company's Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1996.
10.15 - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Amended and Restated Supplemental
Employee Retirement Plan, incorporated by reference from
Exhibit 10.34 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1989 (Commission
File Number 1-10059).
10.16 - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.35 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1989 (Commission File Number 1-10059).
10.17 - Articles of Agreement between the Company, its successors
and assigns, and Texas City, Texas Metal Trades Council,
AFL-CIO Texas City, Texas, May 1, 1996 to May 1, 1999,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.22 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1996.
10.18 - Conditional Performance Guaranty dated as of August 20,
1992, by Albright & Wilson, Ltd. in favor of Sterling Pulp
Chemicals, Ltd., Sterling Canada, Inc. and the Indemnities
identified in Section 10.2 of the Purchase Agreement,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.38 to the
Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 3,
1992.
10.19 - Performance Guaranty dated as of August 20, 1992, by the
Company in favor of Tenneco Canada Inc., Rio Linda Chemical
Co., Albright & Wilson Americas, Inc. and the Indemnities
identified in Section 10.3 of the Purchase Agreement,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.39 to the
Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 3,
1992.
+10.20 - Sales and Purchase Agreement dated April 1, 1994, between BP
Chemicals Ltd. and the Company, incorporated by reference
from Exhibit 10.48 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994.
10.21 - Agreement between Sterling Pulp Chemicals Ltd., North
Vancouver, British Columbia, and Pulp, Paper and Woodworkers
of Canada Local 5 British Columbia effective December 1,
1994 to November 30, 1998, incorporated by reference from
Exhibit 10.50 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994.
+10.22 - Methanol Production Agreement between BP Chemicals Inc. and
Sterling Chemicals, Inc. dated September 26, 1996,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.33 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1996.
10.23 - Consulting Agreement dated April 23, 1996, among The
Sterling Group, Inc., STX Acquisition Corp., and STX
Chemicals Corp, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.34
to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended September 30, 1996.
10.24 - Asset Purchase Agreement, dated December 23, 1996, among
Sterling Fibers, Inc., Sterling Chemicals, Inc., Sterling
Chemicals Holdings, Inc., Cytec Acrylic Fibers Inc., Cytec
Technology Corp., and Cytec Industries Inc., incorporated by
reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December
31, 1996.
10.25 - Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. Omnibus Stock Awards and
Incentive Plan effective April 23, 1997, as amended,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
March 31, 1998.
+10.26 - Joint Venture Agreement dated March 31, 1998, between
Sterling Chemicals, Inc. and BP Chemicals, Inc.,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
March 31, 1998.
77
80
++10.26(a)- First Amendment to Joint Venture Agreement dated effective
as of March 31, 1998 between Sterling Chemicals, Inc. and BP
Chemicals Inc.
**10.27 - Employment Agreement dated as of March 16, 1998 between
Peter W. De Leeuw and the Company.
**10.28 - Employment Agreement dated as of January 19, 1998 between
Gary M. Spitz and the Company.
**10.29 - Standby Purchase Agreement dated as of December 15, 1998
between Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and Frank P.
Diassi.
**10.30 - Standby Purchase Agreement dated as of December 15, 1998
between Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and Frank J.
Hevrdejs.
**10.31 - Standby Purchase Agreement dated as of December 15, 1998
between Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and Koch Capital
Services, Inc.
**21.1 - Subsidiaries of Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.
**23.1 - Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP
**27.1 - Financial Data Schedule - Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.
**27.2 - Financial Data Schedule - Sterling Chemicals, Inc.
** Filed herewith.
+ Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to portions of this
Exhibit, and such request has been granted.
++ Filed herewith and confidential treatment has been requested with respect
to portions of this Exhibit.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K.
None.
78
81
SIGNATURES
PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, THE REGISTRANTS HAVE DULY CAUSED THIS REPORT TO BE SIGNED
ON THEIR BEHALF BY THE UNDERSIGNED, THEREUNTO DULY AUTHORIZED.
STERLING CHEMICALS HOLDINGS, INC.
STERLING CHEMICALS, INC.
(Registrants)
By /s/ PETER W. DE LEEUW
--------------------------------------
(Peter W. De Leeuw)
President and Chief Executive Officer
DATE: DECEMBER 17, 1998
PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1934, THIS REPORT HAS
BEEN SIGNED BELOW BY THE FOLLOWING PERSONS ON BEHALF OF EACH OF THE REGISTRANTS
AND IN THE CAPACITIES AND ON THE DATES INDICATED.
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
--------- ----- ----
/s/ FRANK P. DIASSI Chairman of the Board of December 17, 1998
- -------------------------------------------- Directors
(Frank P. Diassi)
/s/ PETER W. DE LEEUW President, Chief Executive December 17, 1998
- -------------------------------------------- Officer and Director
(Peter W. De Leeuw) (principal executive officer)
/s/ GARY M. SPITZ Vice President-Finance and December 17, 1998
- -------------------------------------------- Chief Financial Officer
(Gary M. Spitz) (principal finance officer)
/s/ PAUL G. VANDERHOVEN Controller December 17, 1998
- -------------------------------------------- (principal accounting officer)
(Paul G. Vanderhoven)
/s/ ROBERT W. ROTEN Vice Chairman of the Board of December 17, 1998
- -------------------------------------------- Directors
(Robert W. Roten)
/s/ FRANK J. HEVRDEJS Director December 17, 1998
- --------------------------------------------
(Frank J. Hevrdejs)
/s/ T. HUNTER NELSON Director December 17, 1998
- --------------------------------------------
(T. Hunter Nelson)
/s/ JOHN L. GARCIA Director December 17, 1998
- --------------------------------------------
(John L. Garcia)
/s/ ALLAN R. DRAGONE Director December 17, 1998
- --------------------------------------------
(Allan R. Dragone)
/s/ GEORGE J. DAMIRIS Director December 17, 1998
- --------------------------------------------
(George J. Damiris)
/s/ ROLF H. TOWE Director December 17, 1998
- --------------------------------------------
(Rolf H. Towe)
79
82
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT
------ ----------------------
2.1 - Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger between
STX Acquisition Corp. and Sterling Chemicals, Inc. dated as
of April 24, 1996, incorporated by reference from the
Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 24, 1996,
as amended by Form 8-K/A.
3.1 - Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Sterling Chemicals
Holdings, Inc., incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended June 30, 1997.
3.2 - Certificate of Incorporation of Sterling Chemicals, Inc., as
amended, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.2 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1996.
3.3 - Restated Bylaws of Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.3 to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1996.
3.4 - Bylaws of Sterling Chemicals, Inc., incorporated by
reference from Exhibit 3.4 to the Registration Statement on
Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp. and STX Chemicals Corp.
(Registration No. 333-04343).
4.1 - Warrant Agreement (including form of Warrant) dated as of
August 15, 1996 between Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.
and KeyCorp Shareholder Services, Inc. as Warrant Agent,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.4 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp.
and STX Chemicals Corp. (Registration No. 333-04343).
4.2 - Warrant Agreement dated as of July 10, 1997 between Sterling
Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and Harris Trust and Savings Bank
as Warrant Agent, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended June 30, 1997.
**4.3 - Warrant Agreement dated as of December 15, 1998 between
Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and Harris Trust and
Savings Bank, as Warrant Agent.
**4.4 - Warrant Agreement dated as of December 15, 1998 executed by
Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. in favor of Chase Bank of
Texas, National Association, Credit Suisse First Boston and
certain other financial institutions.
4.5 - Indenture dated as of August 15, 1996 between Sterling
Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and Fleet National Bank governing
the 13 1/2% Senior Secured Discount Notes Due 2008 of the
Company, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.5 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp.
and STX Chemicals Corp. (Registration No. 333-04343).
4.5(a) - First Supplement Indenture dated October 1, 1997 governing
the 13 1/2 % Senior Secured Discount Notes Due 2008 of the
Company, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.2 to the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly
period ended March 31, 1998.
4.5(b) - Second Supplement Indenture dated March 16, 1998 governing
the 13 1/2 % Senior Secured Discount Notes Due 2008 of the
Company, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.3 to the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly
period ended March 31, 1998.
4.6 - Indenture dated as of August 15, 1996 between Sterling
Chemicals, Inc. and Fleet National Bank governing the 11
3/4% Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 of Sterling
Chemicals, Inc. (formerly known as STX Chemicals Corp.),
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.7 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp.
and STX Chemicals Corp. (Registration No. 333-04343).
4.6(a) - First Supplement Indenture dated October 1, 1997 governing
the 11 3/4% Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 of Sterling
Chemicals, Inc., incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.4
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended March 31, 1998.
4.6(b) - Second Supplement Indenture dated March 16, 1998 governing
the 11 3/4% Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 of Sterling
Chemicals, Inc., incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.5
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended March 31, 1998.
83
4.7 - Indenture dated as of April 7, 1997 between Sterling
Chemicals, Inc. and Fleet National Bank governing the 11
1/4% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2007 of Sterling
Chemicals, Inc., incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended March 31, 1997.
4.7(a) - First Supplement Indenture dated March 16, 1998 governing
the 11 1/4% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2007 of Sterling
Chemicals, Inc., incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.6
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended March 31, 1998.
4.8 - Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated July 10, 1997
among Sterling Chemicals, Inc. and Texas Commerce Bank
National Association, individually and as Administrative
Agent, Credit Suisse First Boston, individually and as
Documentation Agent, and the other lenders named therein,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.6 to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1997.
4.8(a) - First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement,
dated March 31, 1998, among Sterling Chemicals, Inc. and
Chase Bank of Texas, N.A., individually and as
Administrative Agent, Credit Suisse First Boston,
individually and as Documentation Agent, and the other
lenders named therein, incorporated by reference from
Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the quarterly period ended March 31, 1998.
**4.8(b) - Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement,
dated December 15, 1998, among Sterling Chemicals, Inc. and
Chase Bank of Texas, National Association, individually and
as Administrative Agent, Credit Suisse First Boston,
individually and as Documentation Agent, and the other
lenders named therein.
4.9 - Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. Stockholders Agreement
dated effective as of August 21, 1996, incorporated by
reference from Exhibit 4.10 to the Registration Statement on
Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp. and STX Chemicals Corp.
(Registration No. 333-04343).
4.9(a) - First Amendment to Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.
Stockholders Agreement dated effective as of December 31,
1997, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.7 to the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly
period ended March 31, 1998.
**4.9(b) - Second Amendment to Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.
Stockholders Agreement dated effective as of May 1, 1998.
4.10 - Registration Rights Agreement, incorporated by reference
from Exhibit 4.11 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1
of STX Acquisition Corp. and STX Chemicals Corp.
(Registration No. 333-04343).
4.11 - Amended and Restated Voting Agreement dated as of
January 22, 1997, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.5
to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended June 30, 1998.
**4.11(a) - Amended and Restated Voting Agreement dated as of December
15, 1998.
4.12 - Tag-Along Agreement dated as of August 21, 1996 incorporated
by reference from Exhibit 4.13 to the Registration Statement
on Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp. and STX Chemicals Corp.
(Registration No. 333-04343).
4.13 - Intercreditor Agreement dated as of August 21, 1996 between
Texas Commerce Bank National Association and Fleet National
Bank, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.14 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-1 of STX Acquisition Corp.
and STX Chemicals Corp. (Registration No.333-04343).
4.14 - Security Agreement (Pledge) dated August 21, 1996 between
STX Acquisition Corp. and Texas Commerce Bank National
Association, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.15 to
the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of STX Acquisition
Corp. and STX Chemicals Corp. (Registration No. 333-04343).
4.14(a) - Second Amendment and Supplement to Security Agreement
(Pledge) dated January 31, 1997 between Sterling Chemicals
Holdings, Inc. and Texas Commerce Bank National Association,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
December 31, 1996.
+10.1 - Assets Purchase Agreement dated August 1, 1986, between
Monsanto Company and the Company, incorporated by reference
from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1992.
10.2 - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Salaried Employees' Pension Plan
(Restated as of October 1, 1993), incorporated by reference
from Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1993.
84
10.2(a) - Supplement to the Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Salaried
Employee's Pension Plan (Restated as of January 1, 1994),
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.6(a) to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1994.
10.2(b) - First and Second Amendments to the Sterling Chemicals, Inc.
Salaried Employees' Pension Plan dated April 27, 1994 and
September 23, 1994, respectively, incorporated by reference
from Exhibit 10.6(b) to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994.
10.3 - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Hourly Paid Employees' Pension Plan
(Restated as of October 1, 1993), incorporated by reference
from Exhibit 10.8 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1993.
10.3(a) - Supplement to the Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Hourly Paid
Employee's Pension Plan (Restated as of January 1, 1994),
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.8(a) to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1994.
10.3(b) - First Amendment to the Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Hourly Paid
Employees' Pension Plan dated April 27, 1994, incorporated
by reference from Exhibit 10.8(b) to the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30,
1994.
10.3(c) - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Amended and Restated Hourly Paid
Employees' Pension Plan (Effective as of May 1, 1996),
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3(c) to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1996.
10.4 - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Amended and Restated Savings and
Investment Plan, incorporated by reference from Exhibit
10.10 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended September 30, 1993.
10.4(a) - Supplements to the Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Savings and
Investment Plan for Hourly Paid Employees and Salaried
Employees, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.10(a)
to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended September 30, 1994.
10.4(b) - First and Second Amendments to the Sterling Chemicals, Inc.
Amended and Restated Savings and Investment Plan dated April
27, 1994 and October 26, 1994, respectively, incorporated by
reference from Exhibit 10.10(b) to the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30,
1994.
10.5 - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Pension Benefit Equalization Plan,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.10 to the
Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration
No. 33-24020).
10.6 - Sterling Chemicals Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP),
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1996.
+10.7 - Styrene Monomer Conversion Contract dated November 3, 1995,
between Monsanto Company (subsequently assigned to Bayer
Corporation, a subsidiary of Bayer AG) and the Company,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.13 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1995.
+10.8 - Production Agreement dated April 15, 1988 between BP
Chemicals Americas Inc. and the Company and First and Second
Amendment thereto, incorporated by reference from Exhibit
10.21 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1
(Registration No. 33-24020).
+10.8(a) - Amended and Restated Production Agreement dated March 31,
1998, between BP Chemicals, Inc. and Sterling Chemicals,
Inc., incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly
period ended March 31, 1998.
+10.9 - Agreement dated May 2, 1988, between E.I. du Pont de Nemours
and Company and the Company, incorporated by reference from
Exhibit 10.22 to the Company's Registration Statement on
Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-24020).
+10.10 - Amended and Restated Product Sales Agreement dated January
1, 1997, between BASF Corporation and the Company,
incorporated by referenced from Exhibit 10.11 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1997.
10.11 - License Agreement dated August 1, 1986, between Monsanto
Company and the Company, incorporated by reference from
Exhibit 10.25 to the Company's Registration Statement on
Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-24020).
85
+10.12 - Amended Lease and Production Agreement dated August 8, 1994,
between BP Chemicals Americas Inc. and the Company,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.21 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1994.
+10.12(a)- Second Amended and Restated Production Agreement dated
effective as of August 1, 1996, between BP Chemicals Inc.
and Sterling Chemicals, Inc., incorporated by reference from
Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the quarterly period ended March 31, 1998.
10.13 - Form of Indemnity Agreement executed between the Company and
each of its officers and directors prior to the Merger,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.30 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1994.
10.14 - Form of Indemnity Agreement executed between the Company and
each of its officers and directors, incorporated by
reference from Exhibit 10.17 to the Company's Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1996.
10.15 - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Amended and Restated Supplemental
Employee Retirement Plan, incorporated by reference from
Exhibit 10.34 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1989 (Commission
File Number 1-10059).
10.16 - Sterling Chemicals, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.35 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1989 (Commission File Number 1-10059).
10.17 - Articles of Agreement between the Company, its successors
and assigns, and Texas City, Texas Metal Trades Council,
AFL-CIO Texas City, Texas, May 1, 1996 to May 1, 1999,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.22 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1996.
10.18 - Conditional Performance Guaranty dated as of August 20,
1992, by Albright & Wilson, Ltd. in favor of Sterling Pulp
Chemicals, Ltd., Sterling Canada, Inc. and the Indemnities
identified in Section 10.2 of the Purchase Agreement,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.38 to the
Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 3,
1992.
10.19 - Performance Guaranty dated as of August 20, 1992, by the
Company in favor of Tenneco Canada Inc., Rio Linda Chemical
Co., Albright & Wilson Americas, Inc. and the Indemnities
identified in Section 10.3 of the Purchase Agreement,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.39 to the
Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 3,
1992.
+10.20 - Sales and Purchase Agreement dated April 1, 1994, between BP
Chemicals Ltd. and the Company, incorporated by reference
from Exhibit 10.48 to the Company's Annual Report on Form
10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994.
10.21 - Agreement between Sterling Pulp Chemicals Ltd., North
Vancouver, British Columbia, and Pulp, Paper and Woodworkers
of Canada Local 5 British Columbia effective December 1,
1994 to November 30, 1998, incorporated by reference from
Exhibit 10.50 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994.
+10.22 - Methanol Production Agreement between BP Chemicals Inc. and
Sterling Chemicals, Inc. dated September 26, 1996,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.33 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended September 30, 1996.
10.23 - Consulting Agreement dated April 23, 1996, among The
Sterling Group, Inc., STX Acquisition Corp., and STX
Chemicals Corp, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.34
to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended September 30, 1996.
10.24 - Asset Purchase Agreement, dated December 23, 1996, among
Sterling Fibers, Inc., Sterling Chemicals, Inc., Sterling
Chemicals Holdings, Inc., Cytec Acrylic Fibers Inc., Cytec
Technology Corp., and Cytec Industries Inc., incorporated by
reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December
31, 1996.
10.25 - Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. Omnibus Stock Awards and
Incentive Plan effective April 23, 1997, as amended,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
March 31, 1998.
+10.26 - Joint Venture Agreement dated March 31, 1998, between
Sterling Chemicals, Inc. and BP Chemicals, Inc.,
incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
March 31, 1998.
86
++10.26(a)- First Amendment to Joint Venture Agreement dated effective
as of March 31, 1998 between Sterling Chemicals, Inc. and BP
Chemicals Inc.
**10.27 - Employment Agreement dated as of March 16, 1998 between
Peter W. De Leeuw and the Company.
**10.28 - Employment Agreement dated as of January 19, 1998 between
Gary M. Spitz and the Company.
**10.29 - Standby Purchase Agreement dated as of December 15, 1998
between Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and Frank P.
Diassi.
**10.30 - Standby Purchase Agreement dated as of December 15, 1998
between Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and Frank J.
Hevrdejs.
**10.31 - Standby Purchase Agreement dated as of December 15, 1998
between Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc. and Koch Capital
Services, Inc.
**21.1 - Subsidiaries of Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.
**23.1 - Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP
**27.1 - Financial Data Schedule - Sterling Chemicals Holdings, Inc.
**27.2 - Financial Data Schedule - Sterling Chemicals, Inc.
** Filed herewith.
+ Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to portions of this
Exhibit, and such request has been granted.
++ Filed herewith and confidential treatment has been requested with respect
to portions of this Exhibit.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K.
None.