FORM 10-Q
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
(Mark One)
x
|
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) | |
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2004
OR
o
|
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE | |
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from ______ to ______
Commission file number 001-14905
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
Delaware | 47-0813844 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
1440 Kiewit Plaza, Omaha, Nebraska 68131
(402) 346-1400
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES x NO o
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Number of shares of common stock outstanding as of April 30, 2004:
Class A
1,275,481
Class B 7,862,829
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
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Exhibit 31 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications |
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Exhibit 32 Section 1350 Certifications |
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EXHIBIT 31.1 | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 31.2 | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 32.1 | ||||||||
EXHIBIT 32.2 |
1
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Part I Financial Information
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
and Subsidiaries
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Insurance and Other: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 34,683 | $ | 31,262 | ||||
Investments: |
||||||||
Fixed maturity securities |
24,947 | 26,116 | ||||||
Equity securities |
36,012 | 35,287 | ||||||
Other |
3,004 | 2,924 | ||||||
Receivables |
12,706 | 12,314 | ||||||
Inventories |
3,693 | 3,656 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment |
6,202 | 6,260 | ||||||
Goodwill of acquired businesses |
22,958 | 22,948 | ||||||
Deferred charges reinsurance assumed |
2,879 | 3,087 | ||||||
Other |
4,588 | 4,468 | ||||||
151,672 | 148,322 | |||||||
Investments in MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company |
4,037 | 3,899 | ||||||
Finance and Financial Products: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
6,228 | 4,695 | ||||||
Investments in fixed maturity securities: |
||||||||
Available-for-sale |
8,465 | 9,092 | ||||||
Trading |
10,426 | 148 | ||||||
Securities purchased under agreements to resell |
16,076 | 100 | ||||||
Trading account assets |
4,688 | 4,519 | ||||||
Loans and finance receivables |
4,652 | 4,951 | ||||||
Other |
4,710 | 4,833 | ||||||
55,245 | 28,338 | |||||||
$ | 210,954 | $ | 180,559 | |||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
Insurance and Other: |
||||||||
Losses and loss adjustment expenses |
$ | 45,344 | $ | 45,393 | ||||
Unearned premiums |
7,742 | 6,308 | ||||||
Life and health insurance benefits and other policyholder liabilities |
6,080 | 6,507 | ||||||
Accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities |
6,259 | 6,386 | ||||||
Income taxes, principally deferred |
12,467 | 11,479 | ||||||
Notes payable and other borrowings |
3,998 | 4,182 | ||||||
81,890 | 80,255 | |||||||
Finance and Financial Products: |
||||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
18,865 | 7,931 | ||||||
Trading account liabilities |
6,464 | 5,445 | ||||||
Securities sold but not yet purchased |
14,012 | 89 | ||||||
Notes payable and other borrowings |
5,031 | 4,937 | ||||||
Other |
4,137 | 3,561 | ||||||
48,509 | 21,963 | |||||||
Total liabilities |
130,399 | 102,218 | ||||||
Minority shareholders interests |
831 | 745 | ||||||
Shareholders equity: |
||||||||
Common stock Class A, $5 par value and Class B, $0.1667 par value |
8 | 8 | ||||||
Capital in excess of par value |
26,188 | 26,151 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
20,097 | 19,556 | ||||||
Retained earnings |
33,431 | 31,881 | ||||||
Total shareholders equity |
79,724 | 77,596 | ||||||
$ | 210,954 | $ | 180,559 | |||||
See accompanying Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
2
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
and Subsidiaries
First Quarter |
||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||
Insurance and Other: |
||||||||
Insurance premiums earned |
$ | 5,002 | $ | 5,176 | ||||
Sales and service revenues |
10,062 | 4,013 | ||||||
Interest, dividend and other investment income |
651 | 819 | ||||||
Realized investment gains |
491 | 707 | ||||||
16,206 | 10,715 | |||||||
Finance and Financial Products: |
||||||||
Interest income |
339 | 343 | ||||||
Realized investment gains |
156 | 116 | ||||||
Other |
483 | 202 | ||||||
978 | 661 | |||||||
17,184 | 11,376 | |||||||
Costs and expenses: |
||||||||
Insurance and Other: |
||||||||
Insurance losses and loss adjustment expenses |
3,465 | 3,730 | ||||||
Insurance underwriting expenses |
1,241 | 1,153 | ||||||
Cost of sales and services |
8,430 | 2,889 | ||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
1,182 | 820 | ||||||
Interest expense |
34 | 40 | ||||||
14,352 | 8,632 | |||||||
Finance and Financial Products: |
||||||||
Interest expense |
199 | 92 | ||||||
Other |
471 | 230 | ||||||
670 | 322 | |||||||
15,022 | 8,954 | |||||||
Earnings before income taxes and equity in earnings of
MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company |
2,162 | 2,422 | ||||||
Equity in earnings of MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company |
138 | 128 | ||||||
Earnings before income taxes and minority interests |
2,300 | 2,550 | ||||||
Income taxes |
733 | 805 | ||||||
Minority shareholders interests |
17 | 15 | ||||||
Net earnings |
$ | 1,550 | $ | 1,730 | ||||
Average common shares outstanding * |
1,537,076 | 1,534,802 | ||||||
Net earnings per common share * |
$ | 1,008 | $ | 1,127 | ||||
* | Average shares outstanding include average Class A common shares and average Class B common shares determined on an equivalent Class A common stock basis. Net earnings per share shown above represents net earnings per equivalent Class A common share. Net earnings per Class B common share is equal to one-thirtieth (1/30) of such amount. |
See accompanying Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
3
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
and Subsidiaries
First Quarter |
||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
Net cash flows from operating activities |
$ | 2,420 | $ | 2,641 | ||||
Cash flows from investing activities: |
||||||||
Purchases of investments |
(1,833 | ) | (4,327 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments |
3,487 | 8,873 | ||||||
Loans and investments originated in finance businesses |
(546 | ) | (701 | ) | ||||
Principal collection on loans and investments
originated in finance businesses |
1,008 | 1,450 | ||||||
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired |
(19 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||
Other |
467 | (136 | ) | |||||
Net cash flows from investing activities |
2,564 | 5,156 | ||||||
Cash flows from financing activities: |
||||||||
Proceeds from borrowings of finance businesses |
525 | 454 | ||||||
Proceeds from other borrowings |
76 | 289 | ||||||
Repayments of borrowings of finance businesses |
(543 | ) | (1,072 | ) | ||||
Repayments of other borrowings |
(120 | ) | (208 | ) | ||||
Change in short term borrowings of finance businesses |
99 | (156 | ) | |||||
Change in other short term borrowings |
(139 | ) | (429 | ) | ||||
Other |
72 | 69 | ||||||
Net cash flows from financing activities |
(30 | ) | (1,053 | ) | ||||
Increase in cash and cash equivalents |
4,954 | 6,744 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year * |
35,957 | 12,748 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of first quarter * |
$ | 40,911 | $ | 19,492 | ||||
Supplemental cash flow information: |
||||||||
Cash paid during the period for: |
||||||||
Income taxes |
$ | 53 | $ | 45 | ||||
Interest of finance and financial products businesses |
59 | 163 | ||||||
Other interest |
47 | 67 | ||||||
* Cash and cash equivalents are comprised of the
following: |
||||||||
Beginning of year |
||||||||
Insurance and Other |
$ | 31,262 | $ | 10,294 | ||||
Finance and Financial Products |
4,695 | 2,454 | ||||||
$ | 35,957 | $ | 12,748 | |||||
End of first quarter |
||||||||
Insurance and Other |
$ | 34,683 | $ | 16,130 | ||||
Finance and Financial Products |
6,228 | 3,362 | ||||||
$ | 40,911 | $ | 19,492 | |||||
See accompanying Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
4
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
and Subsidiaries
Note 1. General
The accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. (Berkshire or Company) consolidated with the accounts of all its subsidiaries and affiliates in which Berkshire holds a controlling financial interest as of the financial statement date. Beginning as of January 1, 2004, Berkshires Consolidated Financial Statements also include the accounts of Value Capital, L.P. (Value Capital) as a result of the adoption of FASBs revised Interpretation No. 46 Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (FIN 46). See Note 1(r) to the December 31, 2003 audited Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information concerning this new accounting pronouncement and Note 11 below for additional information concerning Value Capital.
Reference is made to Berkshires most recently issued Annual Report that included information necessary or useful to understanding Berkshires businesses and financial statement presentations. In particular, Berkshires significant accounting policies and practices were presented as Note 1 to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in that Report. Certain amounts in 2003 have been reclassified to conform with current year presentation.
Financial information in this Report reflects any adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to a fair statement of results for the interim periods in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP).
For a number of reasons, Berkshires results for interim periods are not normally indicative of results to be expected for the year. The timing and magnitude of catastrophe losses incurred by insurance subsidiaries and the estimation error inherent to the process of determining liabilities for unpaid losses of insurance subsidiaries can be relatively more significant to results of interim periods than to results for a full year. Realized investment gains/losses are recorded when investments are sold, other-than-temporarily impaired or in certain instances, as required by GAAP, when investments are marked-to-market. Variations in the amounts and timing of realized investment gains/losses can cause significant variations in periodic net earnings.
Note 2. Significant business acquisitions
Berkshires long-held acquisition strategy is to purchase businesses with consistent earning power, good returns on equity, able and honest management and at sensible prices. Businesses with these characteristics typically have market values that exceed net asset value, thus producing goodwill for accounting purposes.
On May 23, 2003, Berkshire acquired McLane Company, Inc. (McLane), from Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. for cash consideration of approximately $1.5 billion. McLane is one of the nations largest wholesale distributors of groceries and nonfood items to convenience stores, wholesale clubs, mass merchandisers, quick service restaurants, theaters and others.
On August 7, 2003, Berkshire acquired all the outstanding common stock of Clayton Homes, Inc. (Clayton) for cash consideration of approximately $1.7 billion in the aggregate. Clayton is a vertically integrated manufactured housing company with 20 manufacturing plants, 305 company owned stores, 542 independent retailers, 89 manufactured housing communities and financial services operations that provide mortgage services and insurance protection.
The results of operations for each of the entities acquired are included in Berkshires consolidated results of operations from the effective date of each acquisition. The following table sets forth certain unaudited consolidated earnings data for the first quarter of 2003, as if each of the acquisitions discussed above were consummated on the same terms at the beginning of the year. Dollars are in millions, except per share amount.
2003 |
||||
Total revenues |
$ | 16,846 | ||
Net earnings |
1,759 | |||
Earnings per equivalent Class A common share |
1,146 |
5
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
Notes To Interim Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 3. Investments in MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company
On March 14, 2000, Berkshire acquired 900,942 shares of common stock and 34,563,395 shares of convertible preferred stock of MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company (MidAmerican) for $35.05 per share, or approximately $1.24 billion in the aggregate. During March 2002, Berkshire acquired 6,700,000 additional shares of the convertible preferred stock for $402 million. Such investments currently give Berkshire about a 9.9% voting interest and an 83.7% economic interest in the equity of MidAmerican (80.5% on a diluted basis). Since March 2000, Berkshire and certain of its subsidiaries also acquired approximately $1,728 million of 11% non-transferable trust preferred securities, of which $150 million were redeemed in August 2003. Mr. Walter Scott, Jr., a member of Berkshires Board of Directors, controls approximately 88% of the voting interest in MidAmerican. The convertible preferred stock is, in substance, a substantially identical subordinate interest to a share of common stock and economically equivalent to common stock. Therefore, Berkshire accounts for its investments in MidAmerican pursuant to the equity method. Reference is made to Berkshires Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2003 for additional information concerning terms of the convertible preferred stock.
MidAmerican is a U.S. based global energy company whose principal businesses are regulated electric and natural gas utilities, regulated interstate natural gas transmission and electric power generation. Through its subsidiaries it owns and operates a combined electric and natural gas utility company in the United States, two natural gas pipeline companies in the United States, two electricity distribution companies in the United Kingdom and a diversified portfolio of domestic and international electric power projects. It also owns the second largest residential real estate brokerage firm in the United States.
Condensed consolidated balance sheets of MidAmerican are as follows. Amounts are in millions.
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Assets: |
||||||||
Properties, plants, and equipment, net |
$ | 11,355 | $ | 11,181 | ||||
Goodwill |
4,327 | 4,306 | ||||||
Other assets |
3,999 | 3,681 | ||||||
$ | 19,681 | $ | 19,168 | |||||
Liabilities and shareholders equity: |
||||||||
Debt, except debt owed to Berkshire |
$ | 10,412 | $ | 10,296 | ||||
Debt owed to Berkshire |
1,578 | 1,578 | ||||||
Other liabilities and minority interests |
4,755 | 4,523 | ||||||
16,745 | 16,397 | |||||||
Shareholders equity |
2,936 | 2,771 | ||||||
$ | 19,681 | $ | 19,168 | |||||
Condensed consolidated statements of earnings of MidAmerican for the first quarter of 2004 and 2003 are as follows. Amounts are in millions.
First Quarter |
||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Revenues |
$ | 1,764 | $ | 1,616 | ||||
Costs and expenses: |
||||||||
Cost of sales and operating expenses |
1,121 | 1,041 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
170 | 142 | ||||||
Interest expense debt held by Berkshire |
43 | 48 | ||||||
Other interest expense |
191 | 179 | ||||||
1,525 | 1,410 | |||||||
Earnings
before taxes and minority interests |
239 | 206 | ||||||
Income taxes and minority interests |
92 | 75 | ||||||
Net earnings |
$ | 147 | $ | 131 | ||||
6
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
Notes To Interim Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 4. Investments in fixed maturity securities
Data with respect to investments in fixed maturity securities, which are classified as available-for-sale, are shown in the tabulation below (in millions).
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Insurance and other: |
||||||||
Amortized cost |
$ | 22,239 | $ | 23,143 | ||||
Gross unrealized gains |
2,732 | 3,033 | ||||||
Gross unrealized losses |
(24 | ) | (60 | ) | ||||
Fair value |
$ | 24,947 | $ | 26,116 | ||||
Finance and financial products: |
||||||||
Amortized cost |
$ | 7,727 | $ | 8,513 | ||||
Gross unrealized gains |
739 | 579 | ||||||
Gross unrealized losses |
(1 | ) | | |||||
Fair value |
$ | 8,465 | $ | 9,092 | ||||
Note 5. Investments in equity securities
Data with respect to investments in equity securities are shown in the tabulation below (in millions).
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Total cost |
$ | 8,331 | $ | 8,515 | ||||
Gross unrealized gains |
27,701 | 26,837 | ||||||
Gross unrealized losses |
(20 | ) | (65 | ) | ||||
Total fair value |
$ | 36,012 | $ | 35,287 | ||||
Fair value: |
||||||||
American Express Company |
$ | 7,861 | $ | 7,312 | ||||
The Coca-Cola Company |
10,060 | 10,150 | ||||||
The Gillette Company |
3,754 | 3,526 | ||||||
Wells Fargo & Company |
3,199 | 3,324 | ||||||
Other equity securities |
11,138 | 10,975 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 36,012 | $ | 35,287 | ||||
Note 6. Receivables
Receivables of insurance and other businesses are comprised of the following (in millions).
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Insurance premiums receivable |
$ | 5,185 | $ | 5,183 | ||||
Reinsurance recoverables on unpaid losses |
2,652 | 2,781 | ||||||
Trade and other receivables |
5,314 | 4,791 | ||||||
Allowances for uncollectible accounts |
(445 | ) | (441 | ) | ||||
$ | 12,706 | $ | 12,314 | |||||
7
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Notes To Interim Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 7. Deferred income tax liabilities
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are shown below (in millions).
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Deferred tax liabilities: |
||||||||
Unrealized appreciation of investments |
$ | 10,951 | $ | 10,663 | ||||
Deferred charges reinsurance assumed |
1,025 | 1,080 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment |
1,110 | 1,124 | ||||||
Investments |
489 | 337 | ||||||
Other |
1,467 | 1,350 | ||||||
15,042 | 14,554 | |||||||
Deferred tax assets: |
||||||||
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses |
(1,203 | ) | (1,299 | ) | ||||
Unearned premiums |
(449 | ) | (372 | ) | ||||
Other |
(1,506 | ) | (1,448 | ) | ||||
(3,158 | ) | (3,119 | ) | |||||
Net deferred tax liability |
$ | 11,884 | $ | 11,435 | ||||
Note 8. Notes payable and other borrowings
Notes payable and other borrowings of Berkshire and its subsidiaries as of March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003 are summarized below. Amounts are in millions.
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Insurance and other: |
||||||||
Issued by Berkshire: |
||||||||
SQUARZ notes 3% due 2007 |
$ | 400 | $ | 400 | ||||
Investment agreements due 2012-2033 |
625 | 632 | ||||||
Issued by subsidiaries and guaranteed by Berkshire: |
||||||||
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings |
1,380 | 1,527 | ||||||
Other debt due 2006-2035 |
315 | 315 | ||||||
Issued by subsidiaries and not guaranteed by Berkshire: |
||||||||
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings |
22 | 14 | ||||||
Borrowings under investment agreements due 2004-2041 |
251 | 271 | ||||||
Other debt due 2004-2032 |
1,005 | 1,023 | ||||||
$ | 3,998 | $ | 4,182 | |||||
Finance and financial products: |
||||||||
Issued by subsidiaries and guaranteed by Berkshire: |
||||||||
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings |
$ | 92 | $ | 83 | ||||
3.375% notes due 2008 |
1,049 | 744 | ||||||
4.20% notes due 2010 |
497 | 497 | ||||||
4.625% notes due 2013 |
948 | 744 | ||||||
Bank borrowings due 2006 |
| 525 | ||||||
Other |
215 | 201 | ||||||
Issued by subsidiaries and not guaranteed by Berkshire: |
||||||||
Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings |
170 | 80 | ||||||
Other debt due 2004-2037 |
2,060 | 2,063 | ||||||
$ | 5,031 | $ | 4,937 | |||||
8
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Notes To Interim Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 9. Common stock
The following table summarizes Berkshires common stock activity during the first quarter of 2004.
Class A common stock | Class B common stock | |||||||
(1,650,000 shares authorized) |
(55,000,000 shares authorized) |
|||||||
Issued and Outstanding |
Issued and Outstanding |
|||||||
Balance at December 31, 2003 |
1,282,979 | 7,609,543 | ||||||
Conversions of Class A common stock
to Class B common stock and other |
(6,087 | ) | 207,106 | |||||
Balance at March 31, 2004 |
1,276,892 | 7,816,649 | ||||||
Each share of Class A common stock is convertible, at the option of the holder, into thirty shares of Class B common stock. Class B common stock is not convertible into Class A common stock. Class B common stock has economic rights equal to one-thirtieth (1/30) of the economic rights of Class A common stock. Accordingly, on an equivalent Class A common stock basis, there are 1,537,447 shares outstanding at March 31, 2004 and 1,536,630 shares outstanding at December 31, 2003. Each Class A common share is entitled to one vote per share. Each Class B common share possesses the voting rights of one-two-hundredth (1/200) of the voting rights of a Class A share. Class A and Class B common shares vote together as a single class.
Note 10. Comprehensive income
Berkshires comprehensive income for the first quarter of 2004 and 2003 is shown in the table below (in millions).
First Quarter |
||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Net earnings |
$ | 1,550 | $ | 1,730 | ||||
Other comprehensive income: |
||||||||
Increase (decrease) in unrealized appreciation of investments |
806 | (656 | ) | |||||
Applicable income taxes and minority interests |
(294 | ) | 242 | |||||
Other |
49 | (15 | ) | |||||
Applicable income taxes and minority interests |
(20 | ) | 4 | |||||
541 | (425 | ) | ||||||
Comprehensive income |
$ | 2,091 | $ | 1,305 | ||||
Note 11. Value Capital
Value Capital L.P., (Value Capital), a limited partnership, commenced operations in 1998. A wholly owned Berkshire subsidiary is a limited partner in Value Capital. The partnerships objective is to achieve income and capital growth from investments and arbitrage in fixed income investments. Profits and losses (after fees to the general partner) are allocated to the partners based upon each partners investment. As of March 31, 2004, Berkshires share of such profit and loss was approximately 90%, although as a limited partner Berkshires exposure to loss is limited to the carrying value of its investment. Through December 31, 2003, Berkshire accounted for its limited partnership investment pursuant to the equity method. Beginning in 2004, Berkshire consolidates Value Capital in connection with the adoption of revised FIN 46. FIN 46 encourages but does not require restatement of previously issued financial statements. Berkshire has elected to not restate its prior year financial statements. Value Capital is being consolidated solely to comply with the requirements of FIN 46. Berkshire does not guarantee any of Value Capitals liabilities and has no control over decisions made by the management of Value Capital or those of its general partner.
9
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Notes To Interim Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
Note 12. Business segment data
A disaggregation of Berkshires consolidated data for the first quarter of each of the two most recent years is as follows. Amounts are in millions.
First Quarter |
||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Revenues |
||||||||
Operating Businesses: |
||||||||
Insurance group: |
||||||||
Premiums earned: |
||||||||
GEICO |
$ | 2,108 | $ | 1,820 | ||||
General Re |
1,815 | 2,049 | ||||||
Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group |
802 | 1,075 | ||||||
Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group |
277 | 232 | ||||||
Investment income |
663 | 855 | ||||||
Total insurance group |
5,665 | 6,031 | ||||||
Apparel |
517 | 471 | ||||||
Building products |
948 | 830 | ||||||
Finance and financial products |
858 | 545 | ||||||
Flight services |
739 | 548 | ||||||
McLane Company |
5,341 | | ||||||
Retail |
585 | 465 | ||||||
Shaw Industries |
1,226 | 1,019 | ||||||
Other businesses |
709 | 684 | ||||||
16,588 | 10,593 | |||||||
Reconciliation of segments to consolidated amount: |
||||||||
Realized investment gains |
647 | 823 | ||||||
Other revenues |
8 | 5 | ||||||
Eliminations |
(49 | ) | (14 | ) | ||||
Purchase-accounting adjustments |
(10 | ) | (31 | ) | ||||
$ | 17,184 | $ | 11,376 | |||||
First Quarter |
||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Earnings (loss) before taxes |
||||||||
Operating Businesses: |
||||||||
Insurance group: |
||||||||
Underwriting gain: |
||||||||
GEICO |
$ | 223 | $ | 105 | ||||
General Re |
42 | 32 | ||||||
Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group |
22 | 143 | ||||||
Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group |
9 | 13 | ||||||
Net investment income |
658 | 851 | ||||||
Total insurance group |
954 | 1,144 | ||||||
Apparel |
70 | 65 | ||||||
Building products |
119 | 99 | ||||||
Finance and financial products |
142 | 210 | ||||||
Flight services |
30 | (8 | ) | |||||
McLane Company |
56 | | ||||||
Retail |
24 | 19 | ||||||
Shaw Industries |
103 | 69 | ||||||
Other businesses |
72 | 82 | ||||||
1,570 | 1,680 | |||||||
Reconciliation of segments to consolidated amount: |
||||||||
Realized investment gains |
636 | 811 | ||||||
Equity in earnings of MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company |
138 | 128 | ||||||
Interest expense * |
(23 | ) | (23 | ) | ||||
Corporate and other |
| 2 | ||||||
Purchase-accounting adjustments |
(21 | ) | (48 | ) | ||||
$ | 2,300 | $ | 2,550 | |||||
* | Amounts of interest expense represent interest on notes payable and other borrowings exclusive of that of finance businesses and interest allocated to certain businesses. |
10
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Results of Operations
Net earnings for the first quarter of 2004 and 2003 are disaggregated in the table that follows. Amounts are after deducting minority interests and income taxes. Dollar amounts are in millions.
First Quarter |
||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Insurance underwriting |
$ | 192 | $ | 188 | ||||
Insurance investment income |
455 | 592 | ||||||
Non-insurance businesses |
378 | 339 | ||||||
Equity in earnings of MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company |
138 | 128 | ||||||
Interest expense |
(15 | ) | (15 | ) | ||||
Purchase-accounting adjustments |
(13 | ) | (29 | ) | ||||
Other |
| 1 | ||||||
Earnings before realized investment gains |
1,135 | 1,204 | ||||||
Realized investment gains |
415 | 526 | ||||||
Net earnings |
$ | 1,550 | $ | 1,730 | ||||
Insurance Underwriting
A summary follows of underwriting results from Berkshires insurance businesses for the first quarter of 2004 and 2003. Dollar amounts are in millions.
First Quarter |
||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Underwriting gain attributable to: |
||||||||
GEICO |
$ | 223 | $ | 105 | ||||
General Re |
42 | 32 | ||||||
Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group |
22 | 143 | ||||||
Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group |
9 | 13 | ||||||
Pre-tax underwriting gain |
296 | 293 | ||||||
Income taxes
and minority interests |
104 | 105 | ||||||
Net underwriting gain |
$ | 192 | $ | 188 | ||||
Berkshire engages in both primary insurance and reinsurance of property and casualty risks. Through General Re, Berkshire also reinsures life and health risks. In primary insurance activities, Berkshire subsidiaries assume defined portions of the risks of loss from persons or organizations that are directly subject to the risks. In reinsurance activities, Berkshire subsidiaries assume defined portions of similar or dissimilar risks that other insurers or reinsurers have subjected themselves to in their own insuring activities. Berkshires principal insurance businesses are: (1) GEICO, (2) General Re, (3) Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group (BHRG) and (4) Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group. Berkshires management views insurance businesses as possessing two distinct operationsunderwriting and investing. Accordingly, Berkshire evaluates the performance of underwriting operations without allocation of investment income.
GEICO
GEICO Corporation through its affiliates (GEICO) provides private passenger auto insurance to customers in 48 states and the District of Columbia. GEICO policies are marketed mainly through direct response methods, in which insureds apply directly to the company for insurance coverage over the telephone, through the mail or via the Internet. This is a significant element in GEICOs strategy to be a low cost insurer. In addition, GEICO strives to provide excellent service to customers with the goal of establishing long-term customer relationships.
GEICOs pre-tax underwriting results for the first quarter of 2004 and 2003 are summarized in the table below. Dollar amounts are in millions.
First Quarter |
||||||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||||||||||
Amount |
% |
Amount |
% |
|||||||||||||
Premiums earned |
$ | 2,108 | 100.0 | $ | 1,820 | 100.0 | ||||||||||
Losses and loss expenses |
1,504 | 71.3 | 1,370 | 75.3 | ||||||||||||
Underwriting expenses |
381 | 18.1 | 345 | 18.9 | ||||||||||||
Total losses and expenses |
1,885 | 89.4 | 1,715 | 94.2 | ||||||||||||
Pre-tax underwriting gain |
$ | 223 | $ | 105 | ||||||||||||
11
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
GEICO (Continued)
Premiums earned in the first quarter of 2004 were $2,108 million, an increase of $288 million (15.8%) over the first quarter of 2003. The growth in premiums earned for voluntary auto was 16.1% and reflects an 11.1% increase in policies-in-force during the past year and average rate increases of less than two percent.
Policies-in-force over the last twelve months increased 7.9% in the preferred risk auto line and increased 22.5% in the standard and nonstandard auto lines. Voluntary auto new business sales in the first quarter of 2004 increased 17.1% compared to 2003. Voluntary auto policies-in-force at March 31, 2004 were 177,000 higher than at December 31, 2003 and reflect strong growth in the standard and nonstandard lines during the last twelve months.
Losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred for the first quarter of 2004 totaled $1,504 million, an increase of $134 million (9.8%) over the first quarter of 2003. The loss ratio was 71.3% in the first quarter of 2004 compared to 75.3% in 2003. Claims frequencies in 2004 for physical damage coverages declined in the three to six percent range from the first quarter of 2003, which included more weather related losses from winter snowstorms. Frequencies for bodily injury coverages in the first quarter of 2004 decreased in the two to four percent range from 2003. Bodily injury severity increased in the six to eight percent range over the first quarter of 2003 while physical damage severity increased within a two to four percent range. Losses from catastrophe events for the first quarter of 2004 and 2003 were negligible.
Policy acquisition expenses increased 13.6% in the first quarter of 2004 to $198 million and reflect increased advertising and increased staffing to handle the growth in new business. Other operating expenses for the first quarter of 2004 were $183 million, an increase of 7.0% over the first quarter of 2003, reflecting higher salary, profit sharing and other employee benefit expenses.
Overall, the increase in premium volume coupled with better than expected claim experience resulted in excellent underwriting results for the first quarter of 2004. Several competitors in the private passenger auto market recently initiated rate decreases in several states, which will make continued policies-in-force growth more challenging for GEICO. Consequently, the rate of increase in policies-in-force will likely slow over the remainder of 2004. In addition, the comparative increase in underwriting gains generated thus far in 2004 should not be expected to continue over the remainder of 2004, as claim experience in the first quarter of 2004 was somewhat better than expected. Nevertheless GEICOs underwriting results for the remainder of 2004 are presently expected to be good.
General Re
General Re conducts a reinsurance business, which offers reinsurance coverage of essentially all types of property, casualty, life and health risks in the United States and worldwide. General Res principal reinsurance operations are internally comprised of: (1) North American property/casualty, (2) international property/casualty, which principally consists of business written through 89% owned Cologne Re, (3) London-market property/casualty through the Faraday operations, and (4) global life/health.
General Res pre-tax underwriting results for the first quarter of 2004 and 2003 are summarized below. Dollars are in millions.
Premiums earned |
Pre-tax underwriting gain |
|||||||||||||||
First Quarter |
First Quarter |
|||||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||||||||
North American property/casualty |
$ | 764 | $ | 889 | $ | 18 | $ | 11 | ||||||||
International property/casualty |
400 | 407 | 12 | 4 | ||||||||||||
Faraday (London-market) |
195 | 291 | 7 | 14 | ||||||||||||
Global life/health |
456 | 462 | 5 | 3 | ||||||||||||
$ | 1,815 | $ | 2,049 | $ | 42 | $ | 32 | |||||||||
General Re strives to generate long-term pre-tax underwriting gains in essentially all of its product lines. Underwriting performance is not evaluated based upon market share and underwriters are instructed to reject inadequately priced risks.
In general, net premiums written in the first quarter of 2004 decreased due to maintaining underwriting discipline, as price competition appears to be increasing in certain property/casualty markets. Barring a change in the market conditions, management expects written and earned premiums to decline over the remainder of 2004 when compared with 2003 premium volume.
12
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
General Re (Continued)
North American property/casualty
General Res North American property/casualty operations underwrite predominantly excess reinsurance across essentially all lines of property and casualty business. Excess reinsurance provides indemnification of losses above a stated retention on either an individual claim basis or in the aggregate across all claims in a portfolio. Reinsurance contracts are written on both a treaty (group of risks) and facultative (individual risk) basis.
Premiums earned in the first quarter of 2004 declined from the first quarter of 2003 by $125 million (14.1%). The decline in premiums earned reflects a net reduction from cancellations/non-renewals over new contracts (estimated at $179 million), partially offset by rate increases across all lines of business (estimated at $54 million).
The North American property/casualty business produced pre-tax underwriting gains of $18 million and $11 million in the first quarter of 2004 and 2003, respectively. Results for the first three months of 2004 consisted of $46 million in current accident year gains, partially offset by $28 million in prior accident years losses. Results for the comparable 2003 period included $29 million in current accident year gains, partially offset by $18 million in prior accident years losses. Results for both 2004 and 2003 periods reflect the favorable effects of re-pricing efforts and improved contract terms and conditions implemented over the past three years. Additionally, underwriting results for both 2004 and 2003 benefited from the absence of major catastrophes and other large individual property losses ($20 million or greater), a condition that is unusual and should not be expected to occur regularly in the future.
Prior years losses of $28 million and $18 million for 2004 and 2003 were primarily attributed to discount accretion on workers compensation reserves and deferred charge amortization on retroactive reinsurance contracts (approximately $26 million in each period). During the first quarter of 2004, losses incurred reflected increases for prior years casualty losses of $30 million (primarily in the workers compensation, errors and omissions, and directors and officers lines), which were offset by reserve decreases of $28 million for prior years property losses. Management believes the revised estimates in 2004 on prior years casualty loss reserves were primarily due to escalating medical inflation and utilization that adversely affect workers compensation losses, and an increased frequency in corporate bankruptcies, scandals and accounting restatements which increased losses under errors and omissions and directors and officers coverages.
General Re continuously estimates its liabilities and related reinsurance recoverables for environmental and asbestos claims and claim expenses. Most liabilities for such claims arise from exposures in the United States. Environmental and asbestos exposures do not lend themselves to traditional methods of loss development determination and therefore reserves related to these exposures may be considered less reliable than reserves for standard lines of business (e.g., automobile). The estimate for environmental and asbestos losses is composed of four parts: known claims, development on known claims, incurred but not reported (IBNR) losses and direct excess coverage litigation expenses. At March 31, 2004, environmental and asbestos loss reserves for North America were $1,031 million ($871 million net of reinsurance). As of December 31, 2003 such amounts totaled $1,050 million ($890 million net of reinsurance). The changing legal environment concerning asbestos and environmental claims has made quantification of potential exposures very difficult. Future changes to the legal environment may precipitate significant changes in reserves.
Due to the long-tail nature of casualty losses, a higher level of uncertainty is involved in estimating loss reserves for current accident year occurrences. Thus, the ultimate level of underwriting gain or loss with respect to the 2004 accident year will not be fully known for many years. North American property/casualty loss reserves were $15.5 billion ($14.3 billion net of reinsurance) at March 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003. About 51% of the reserves represent estimates of IBNR losses.
Although total loss reserve levels are now believed to be adequate, there can be no guarantees. A relatively small change in the estimate of net reserves can produce large changes in periodic underwriting results. For instance, a one-percentage point change in net loss reserves at March 31, 2004 would produce a pre-tax underwriting gain or loss of $143 million, or roughly 5% of annualized first quarter 2004 premiums earned. In addition, the timing and magnitude of catastrophe and large individual property losses are expected to continue to contribute to volatile periodic underwriting results in the future.
13
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
General Re (Continued)
International property/casualty
The international property/casualty operations write quota-share and excess reinsurance on risks around the world, with its largest markets in Continental Europe and the United Kingdom. International property/casualty business is written on a direct reinsurance basis primarily through Cologne Re.
Premiums earned in the first quarter of 2004 decreased $7 million (1.7%) from the comparable period in 2003. In local currencies, premiums earned declined 14.7% in 2004 versus 2003. The decrease in premiums earned was primarily due to the non-renewal of unprofitable business in Continental Europe and the United Kingdom.
The international property/casualty operations produced pre-tax underwriting gains of $12 million and $4 million during the first quarter of 2004 and 2003, respectively. The underwriting gains in both 2004 and 2003 reflected rate increases and the lack of large individual property and catastrophe losses, partially offset by underwriting losses in casualty lines.
At March 31, 2004, the international property/casualty operations had gross loss reserves of $5.9 billion, ($5.7 billion net of reinsurance) compared to $6.4 billion in gross loss reserves at December 31, 2003 ($6.0 billion net of reinsurance).
Faraday (London-market)
London-market business is written through Faraday Holdings Limited (Faraday). Faraday owns the managing agent of Syndicate 435 at Lloyds of London and provides capacity and participates in the results of Syndicate 435. Through Faraday, General Res participation in Syndicate 435 was 100% in 2004 and 2003. Also included in the London-market segment are Cologne Res UK and Continental Europe broker-market subsidiaries.
Premiums earned in the London-market operations decreased $96 million (33.0%) in the first quarter of 2004 as compared to the same period in 2003. In local currencies, premiums earned decreased 41.7% in 2004 from 2003. The decrease in premiums earned was primarily due to declines in premiums earned from Syndicate 435 as well as from Cologne Res Continental Europe broker-market subsidiary, which was placed in run-off in June 2003.
London-market operations produced pre-tax underwriting gains in the first quarter of 2004 and 2003 of $7 million and $14 million, respectively. Underwriting gains in the first quarter of 2004, occurred primarily in property and aviation lines, reflecting more selective underwriting and a lack of catastrophes and other large losses. These gains were partially offset by underwriting losses in casualty lines.
At March 31, 2004, the Faraday operations had gross loss reserves of $2.1 billion, ($1.8 billion net of reinsurance) compared to $1.9 billion in gross reserves at December 31, 2003 ($1.7 billion net of reinsurance).
Global life/health
General Res global life/health affiliates reinsure such risks worldwide. Premiums earned in the first quarter of 2004 decreased by $6 million (1.3%) compared with the same period in 2003. Adjusting for the effects of foreign currency exchange, premiums earned declined 8.2% in 2004 versus 2003. The decline in 2004 reflects decreased premiums in both the U.S. and international life/health operations.
Underwriting results for the global life/health operations produced pre-tax underwriting gains of $5 million for the first quarter of 2004 and $3 million for the same period in 2003. In 2004, the international life/health segment produced $7 million in gains, primarily in the life unit. Offsetting these gains were $2 million in losses in the U.S. life/health operations, due to a $9 million loss from run-off operations.
Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group
The Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group (BHRG) underwrites excess-of-loss reinsurance and quota-share coverages for insurers and reinsurers around the world. BHRG is believed to be one of the leaders in providing catastrophe excess-of-loss reinsurance. Since July 2001, BHRG has also written a number of policies for large or otherwise unusual discrete commercial property risks on a direct and facultative reinsurance basis. This business is referred to as individual risk.
14
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group (Continued)
BHRGs pre-tax underwriting results are summarized in the table below. Amounts are in millions.
Premiums earned |
Pre-tax underwriting gain (Loss) |
|||||||||||||||
First Quarter |
First Quarter |
|||||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||||||||
Catastrophe and individual risk |
$ | 301 | $ | 299 | $ | 208 | $ | 273 | ||||||||
Retroactive reinsurance |
| | (198 | ) | (144 | ) | ||||||||||
Traditional multi-line |
501 | 776 | 12 | 14 | ||||||||||||
$ | 802 | $ | 1,075 | $ | 22 | $ | 143 | |||||||||
Premiums earned from catastrophe and individual risk contracts in the first quarter of 2004 of $301 million were relatively unchanged from the first quarter of 2003. Premiums written during the first quarter of 2004 were $687 million and derived primarily from catastrophe reinsurance. Unearned catastrophe and individual risk premiums totaled about $930 million as of March 31, 2004. Thus, premiums earned over the remainder of 2004 from catastrophe and individual risk policies will be considerable.
The underwriting gains from catastrophe and individual risk business in 2004 and 2003 reflect relatively low levels of catastrophe losses and other large individual property losses. The timing and magnitude of losses may produce extraordinary volatility in periodic underwriting results of BHRGs catastrophe and individual risk business. A single event could potentially produce a pre-tax gross loss of approximately $6.1 billion. Such volatility is accepted, however, provided that the long-term prospect of achieving an underwriting profit is reasonable.
BHRG did not enter into any new retroactive reinsurance policies during the first quarter of 2004 or 2003. Retroactive policies normally provide very large, but limited, indemnification of unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses with respect to past loss events, which are generally expected to be paid over long periods of time. Loss payments have not commenced on several contracts, which are subject to specified loss retentions by the counterparty to the contracts.
The underwriting losses from retroactive reinsurance are primarily attributed to the amortization of deferred charges established on the retroactive reinsurance contracts. The deferred charges, which represent the difference between the policy premium and the estimated ultimate claim reserves, are amortized over the expected claim payment period using the interest method. The amortization charges are recorded as losses incurred and, therefore, produce underwriting losses. The level of amortization in a given period is based upon estimates of the timing and amount of future loss payments. During the first quarter of 2004, the estimated timing of future loss payments with respect to one large contract was accelerated. As of December 31, 2003, loss reserves established for this account were previously set at policy limits. However, the acceleration of the estimated timing of future loss payments produced an incremental pre-tax amortization charge of approximately $100 million in the first quarter of 2004. Changes to the estimated timing and amount of future loss payments under retroactive contracts resulted in a first quarter charge of $40 million in 2003. Assuming there are no further changes to the timing or amount of estimated loss payments, aggregate amortization charges over the remainder of 2004 are expected to approximate $275 million.
Unamortized deferred charges at March 31, 2004 totaled approximately $2.6 billion. BHRG believes that these charges are reasonable relative to the large amounts of float generated from these policies, which totaled about $7.8 billion at March 31, 2004. Income generated from the investment of float is reflected in net investment income.
Premiums earned in the first quarter of 2004 from traditional multi-line reinsurance totaled $501 million, a decrease of $275 million (35.4%) from the first quarter of 2003. The comparative decrease was primarily due to declines in quota-share participations (including Lloyds) and the termination of a major quota-share contract in mid-2003. Net underwriting results in the first quarter of 2004 and 2003 reflected low amounts of property and aviation losses.
Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group
Premiums earned by Berkshires various other primary insurers totaled $277 million for the first quarter of 2004, an increase of $45 million (19.4%) over the first quarter of 2003. The increase in premiums earned was principally attributed to the NICO Primary group and U.S. Liability Insurance Group. For the first three months, Berkshires primary insurers produced underwriting gains of $9 million in 2004 and $13 million in 2003.
15
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Insurance Investment Income
After-tax net investment income produced by Berkshires insurance and reinsurance businesses for the first quarter of 2004 and 2003 is summarized in the table below. Dollar amounts are in millions.
First Quarter |
||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Net
investment income before income taxes and minority interests |
$ | 658 | $ | 851 | ||||
Income taxes
and minority interests |
203 | 259 | ||||||
Net investment income |
$ | 455 | $ | 592 | ||||
Pre-tax investment income earned by Berkshires insurance businesses in the first quarter of 2004 totaled $658 million, a decline of $193 million (22.7%) from the first quarter of 2003. The decline in investment income was primarily the result of the disposals of significant positions of longer term/higher yielding U.S. Treasury securities during the second quarter of 2003 and high-yield corporate bonds over the last half of 2003 and first quarter of 2004. Cash generated from the aforementioned disposals was primarily reinvested in short-term/low yield instruments. Cash and cash equivalents have grown from about $15.3 billion at March 31, 2003 ($9.5 billion at December 31, 2002) to about $33.3 billion at March 31, 2004.
Absent an increase in short-term interest rates or new opportunities to reinvest in longer term instruments where yields are perceived as adequate to compensate for interest rate and credit risk, the comparative amount of investment income earned over the remainder of 2004 from assets of Berkshires insurance businesses will decline significantly in comparison with 2003. While the exceptionally high level of cash and cash equivalents is expected to depress Berkshires investment earnings over the short-term, Berkshires management believes it is currently the best alternative in preserving capital and maintaining flexibility to make significant acquisitions in the future when opportunities arise.
Total invested assets of Berkshires insurance businesses totaled $96.7 billion at March 31, 2004, an increase of $3.2 billion since December 31, 2003 and $15.8 billion since March 31, 2003. Invested assets derive from shareholder capital and reinvested earnings as well net liabilities assumed under insurance contracts or float. The major components of float are unpaid losses, unearned premiums and other liabilities to policyholders less premiums and reinsurance receivables, deferred charges assumed under retroactive reinsurance contracts and deferred policy acquisition costs. Float totaled $45.0 billion at March 31, 2004, $44.2 billion at December 31, 2003 and $42.5 billion at March 31, 2003. The cost of float, as represented by the ratio of pre-tax underwriting gain or loss to average float, was negative in both the first quarter of 2004 and for the full year of 2003, as Berkshires insurance businesses generated pre-tax underwriting gains.
Non-Insurance Businesses
Results of operations of Berkshires diverse non-insurance businesses for the first quarter of 2004 and 2003 are summarized in the following table. Dollar amounts are in millions.
First Quarter |
||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||
Pre-tax earnings |
$ | 616 | $ | 536 | ||||
Income
taxes/minority interests |
238 | 197 | ||||||
Net earnings |
$ | 378 | $ | 339 | ||||
A comparison of revenues and pre-tax earnings for the non-insurance business segments follows. Dollar amounts are in millions.
Revenues |
Pre-tax Earnings |
|||||||||||||||
First Quarter |
First Quarter |
|||||||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||||||||
Apparel |
$ | 517 | $ | 471 | $ | 70 | $ | 65 | ||||||||
Building products |
948 | 830 | 119 | 99 | ||||||||||||
Finance and financial products |
858 | 545 | 142 | 210 | ||||||||||||
Flight services |
739 | 548 | 30 | (8 | ) | |||||||||||
McLane Company |
5,341 | | 56 | | ||||||||||||
Retail |
585 | 465 | 24 | 19 | ||||||||||||
Shaw Industries |
1,226 | 1,019 | 103 | 69 | ||||||||||||
Other businesses |
709 | 684 | 72 | 82 | ||||||||||||
$ | 10,923 | $ | 4,562 | $ | 616 | $ | 536 | |||||||||
16
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Non-Insurance Businesses (Continued)
Berkshires apparel businesses generated sales of $517 million for the first quarter of 2004, an increase of $46 million (9.8%) over the first quarter of 2003. Most of the first quarter sales increase was attributed to a 19% increase in unit volume sales by Fruit of the Loom. Otherwise, first quarter 2004 sales from Berkshires other footwear and clothing businesses were relatively unchanged from 2003. Pre-tax earnings of Berkshires apparel businesses in the first quarter of 2004 was $70 million, an increase of 7.7% over 2003 and was attributed to higher earnings of Fruit of the Loom and Garan.
Revenues and pre-tax earnings for the first quarter of 2004 of Berkshires building products group increased 14.2% and 20.2%, respectively, over revenues and pre-tax earnings for the first quarter of 2003. The comparative increase in revenues reflected increased unit sales of insulation, brick, and paint products, as well as in sales of connector plates and truss components. Favorable residential housing construction continued in the first quarter of 2004 and revenues and earnings in the first quarter of 2003 reflected a generally weaker economy in the United States. In recent months, certain production costs (such as steel and energy) have risen. If such increases persist, profit margins may decline in future periods.
Revenues generated by Berkshires finance and financial products businesses for the first quarter of 2004 totaled $858 million, an increase of 57.4% over the first quarter of 2003. Revenues for the first quarter of 2004 include amounts earned by the manufactured housing sales and finance business (Clayton Homes), acquired by Berkshire in August 2003 as well as revenues of Value Capital, which is consolidated in Berkshires financial statements effective January 1, 2004 upon the adoption of revised FIN No. 46. See Note 2 for information regarding the Clayton acquisition and Notes 1 and 11 for additional information regarding Berkshires reporting of its investment in Value Capital. The consolidation of Value Capital in 2004 had no effect on net earnings of the finance group because prior to 2004, Berkshires proportionate share of Value Capitals earnings was included in earnings pursuant to the equity method. Clayton and Value Capital generated total revenues of about $465 million for the first quarter of 2004.
Excluding these two businesses, finance revenues in the first quarter of 2004 declined $153 million compared to the first quarter of 2003. The comparative decline in first quarter revenues was primarily due to lower interest income, resulting from lower amounts of non-cash invested assets associated with the leveraged proprietary investing activities, the life/annuity insurance business, and from the financed loan to FINOVA through Berkadia. The FINOVA loan was repaid in full during the first quarter of 2004.
Pre-tax earnings from finance businesses, excluding realized gains, for the first quarter of 2004 were $142 million, a decrease of $68 million (32.4%) from the first quarter of 2003. Pre-tax earnings of Berkshires proprietary investing business declined about $31 million as a result of comparatively lower invested assets. In addition, pre-tax earnings in 2004 of the life/annuity insurance business declined about $55 million as a result of a much higher allocation of investments in cash and cash equivalents, while liabilities associated with this business are largely long-term and at higher interest rates. Also, loan prepayments since March 31, 2003 totaling $1,525 million by FINOVA resulted in a $29 million reduction in comparative first quarter pre-tax earnings of Berkadia. Partially offsetting the aforementioned declines was the impact of the Clayton acquisition as well as improved results by Berkshires leasing businesses (XTRA and CORT).
Revenues from flight services for the first quarter of 2004 exceeded 2003 by 34.9%. The total revenue increase included increases of $182 million (45%) in aircraft sales and flight operations revenue of NetJets and $9 million (7%) in revenue at FlightSafety. Increased revenue in 2004 from NetJets included a 90% increase in aircraft sales (over depressed sales levels in 2003) as well as increased usage by clients in the NetJets program. The increased revenue from FlightSafety was primarily attributed to a 10% increase in simulator usage.
Pre-tax earnings of the flight services segment for the first quarter of 2004 totaled $30 million, compared to a pre-tax loss of $8 million for the first quarter of 2003. Pre-tax earnings reflect charges of $11 million in 2004 and $25 million in 2003 related to the write-down of the carrying value of certain aircraft of NetJets to net realizable value. Otherwise, NetJets produced a breakeven result in 2004 compared to a pre-tax loss of $18 million in 2003. Improvements in comparative first quarter revenues and pre-tax earnings at FlightSafety were primarily attributed to increased training revenues. During 2003, Berkshires flight services businesses were adversely affected by uncertain economic conditions in the United States, weakness in the airline and travel industries and the lingering effects of the September 11th terrorist attack. Nevertheless, NetJets and FlightSafety continue to be leaders in the aircraft fractional ownership and training markets. Absent major adverse changes to the general economy or to the airline and travel industries, Berkshire anticipates that the comparative improvement in results will continue over the remainder of 2004.
17
FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Non-Insurance Businesses (Continued)
Revenues of Shaw in the first quarter of 2004 increased $207 million (20.3%) over the first quarter of 2003. The higher revenue levels in 2004 reflected a 20% increase in unit volume sold and overall unchanged selling prices. The revenue increase also reflects the inclusion of Georgia Tufters and the Dixie Group, which were acquired in 2003. These two businesses generated first quarter 2004 revenues of about $70 million. Pre-tax earnings for the first quarter of 2004 were $103 million, an increase of $34 million (49.3%) over the first quarter of 2003. The comparative increase in pre-tax earnings was due primarily to the increase in revenues and relatively lower selling and administrative costs. Raw material and energy related costs have risen significantly over the first several months of 2004. If such cost increases cannot be sufficiently passed onto customers, operating margins may decline in future periods.
Revenues from Berkshires various home furnishing and jewelry retailers for the first quarter of 2004 increased $120 million (25.8%) over the first quarter of 2003. Higher sales volume was attained by each of the seven businesses. Sales associated with new home furnishing stores (R.C.Willey in May 2003 and Nebraska Furniture Mart in August 2003) totaled $92 million for the first quarter of 2004. Pre-tax earnings of the retailing group for the first quarter of 2004 totaled $24 million, an increase of $5 million (26.3%) over the first quarter of 2003. The increase in first quarter pre-tax earnings was attributed to the aforementioned sales increases and relatively lower operating expenses.
On May 23, 2003, Berkshire acquired McLane Company, Inc. from Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. Results of McLanes business operations are included in Berkshires consolidated results beginning on that date. McLanes revenues were $5,341 million and pre-tax earnings totaled $56 million for the first quarter of 2004. In 2003, approximately 35% of McLanes annual revenues derived from sales to Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. McLanes business is marked by high sales volume and low profit margins. On a proforma basis, McLanes sales and pre-tax earnings for the first quarter of 2003 totaled approximately $5,226 million and $49 million, respectively. See Note 2 for additional information regarding McLane.
Equity in Earnings of MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company
Earnings from MidAmerican represent Berkshires share of MidAmericans net earnings, as determined under the equity method. First quarter earnings from MidAmerican totaled $138 million in 2004 and $128 million in 2003. MidAmericans earnings in the first quarter of 2004 reflected increased earnings from its two natural gas pipelines and increased earnings from its real estate brokerage business. See Note 3 for additional information regarding Berkshires investments in MidAmerican.
Purchase-Accounting Adjustments
Purchase-accounting adjustments reflect the after-tax effect on net earnings with respect to the amortization of fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities recorded at various business acquisition dates. Purchase-accounting adjustments consist primarily of the amortization of the excess of market value over historical cost of fixed maturity investments held by certain businesses at their acquisition dates. Berkshire included such excess in the cost of the investments and subsequently amortizes it over the estimated remaining lives of the investments.
Realized Investment Gains
Realized investment gains and losses have been a recurring element in Berkshires net earnings for many years. Such amounts recorded when investments (1) are sold; (2) other-than-temporarily impaired; and (3) marked-to-market with a corresponding gain or loss included in earnings may fluctuate significantly from period to period, resulting in a meaningful effect on reported net earnings. The Consolidated Statements of Earnings include after-tax realized investment gains of $415 million and $526 million for the first quarter of 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Realized investment gains for the first quarter of 2004 are net of an after-tax charge of $68 million related to investments by certain Berkshire subsidiaries in life insurance settlement contracts. Prior to January 1, 2004, Berkshire accounted for these investments on the cost basis. Therefore, the cost of the investment included the initial purchase price plus periodic maintenance costs. Beginning in 2004, as a result of obtaining information which suggested that the SEC believed that a different accounting method should be used, these investments are being accounted for under FASB Technical Bulletin (FTB) 85-4 Accounting for Purchases of Life Insurance. Under FTB 85-4, the carrying value of each contract at purchase and at the end of each reporting period is equal to the cash surrender value of the contract. Cash paid to purchase these contracts that is in excess of the cash surrender value at the date of purchase is expensed immediately. Periodic maintenance costs, such as premiums necessary to keep the underlying policy in force are now charged to earnings immediately. The aforementioned charge includes $46 million related to life settlement contracts held at December 31, 2003. Despite the write-down in the value of these contracts, management views these contracts to have a value no less than the cost paid for the policies plus any subsequent maintenance costs.
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FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Realized Investment Gains (Continued)
After-tax realized gains also included $156 million in 2004 and $68 million in 2003 from increases in fair value of foreign currency forward contracts. The gains were due to the decline in the value of the U.S. dollar against certain foreign currencies. As of May 5, 2004, the fair value of open foreign currency forward contracts declined by approximately $600 million ($390 million after-tax) due to the increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies. If the fair value as of May 5 remains unchanged, the decline in fair value will be charged against earnings in the second quarter of 2004. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates may produce material changes in the fair value of these contracts and consequently, may produce exceptional volatility in reported earnings in a given period.
Financial Condition
Berkshires balance sheet continues to reflect significant liquidity and a strong capital base. Consolidated shareholders equity at March 31, 2004 totaled $79.7 billion. Consolidated cash and invested assets, excluding assets of finance and financial products businesses, totaled approximately $98.6 billion at March 31, 2004 (including cash and cash equivalents of $34.7 billion) and $95.6 billion at December 31, 2003 (including $31.3 billion in cash and cash equivalents).
Berkshires consolidated notes payable and other borrowings, excluding borrowings of finance businesses, totaled $4.0 billion at March 31, 2004 and $4.2 billion at December 31, 2003. During the first quarter of 2004, commercial paper and short-term borrowings of subsidiaries declined $139 million to $1,402 million at March 31, 2004 primarily from prepayments arising from improved operating cash flow of NetJets.
In May 2002, Berkshire issued the SQUARZ securities, which consist of $400 million par amount of senior notes due in November 2007 together with warrants to purchase 4,464 Class A equivalent shares of Berkshire common stock, which expire in May 2007. A warrant premium is payable to Berkshire at an annual rate of 3.75% and interest is payable to note holders at a rate of 3.00%. Each warrant provides the holder the right to purchase either 0.1116 shares of Class A or 3.348 shares of Class B stock for $10,000. In addition, holders of the senior notes have the option to require Berkshire to repurchase the senior notes at par annually each May 15 from 2004 through 2006, provided that the holders also surrender a corresponding amount of warrants for cancellation. All warrants and senior notes were outstanding as of March 31, 2004.
Assets of the finance and financial products businesses totaled $55.2 billion at March 31, 2004 and $28.3 billion at December 31, 2003. Liabilities totaled $48.5 billion at March 31, 2004 and $22.0 billion at December 31, 2003. Finance assets and liabilities at March 31, 2004 reflect the consolidation beginning on January 1, 2004 of the assets ($27.0 billion) and liabilities ($26.4 billion) of Value Capital. Assets owned by Value Capital as of March 31, 2004 primarily included investments in fixed maturity securities-trading ($10.2 billion) and securities purchased under agreements to resell ($15.9 billion), while liabilities primarily included securities sold but not yet purchased ($13.8 billion) and securities sold under agreements to repurchase ($11.6 billion). As of December 31, 2003, the net investment in Value Capital ($634 million) was included in other assets of the finance and financial products businesses.
While the consolidation of Value Capital produced significant increases in consolidated assets and liabilities during the first quarter of 2004, Berkshire has not guaranteed any liabilities of the partnership. Berkshires obligation to provide financial support to the partnership is limited to its net investment ($617 million as of March 31, 2004).
Cash and cash equivalents of finance and financial products businesses increased $1.5 billion during the first quarter to $6.2 billion as of March 31, 2004. The increase reflects the inclusion of Value Capital cash held at the beginning of the year ($673 million) as well as an increase of $352 million in cash pledged by counterparties to certain foreign currency forward contracts as collateral against the fair value of contracts in which Berkshire had a net unrealized gain.
During the first quarter of 2004, manufactured housing loans of Clayton increased approximately $280 million to about $3.0 billion as of March 31. Clayton is a leading builder of manufactured housing, provides financing to customers, and acquires other installment loan portfolios. Prior to its acquisition by Berkshire in August 2003, Clayton securitized and sold a significant portion of its installment loans through special purpose entities. In early 2003, Clayton discontinued loan securitizations and sales. Loan portfolios are expected to continue to grow over time.
Notes payable and other borrowings of Berkshires finance and financial products businesses totaled $5.0 billion at March 31, 2004 and $4.9 billion at December 31, 2003. During the first quarter of 2004, Berkshire Hathaway Finance Corporation issued a total of $500 million par amount of medium term notes due in 2008 and 2013. The proceeds of these issues were used to finance new and existing loans of Clayton. The medium term notes are guaranteed by Berkshire. Additional borrowings are expected in the future as retained loan portfolios continue to increase. In February 2004, the remaining balance of Berkadias bank borrowing ($525 million) was repaid upon the collection of the final $525 million loan to FINOVA.
Berkshire believes that it currently maintains sufficient liquidity to cover its existing contractual obligations and provide for contingent liquidity.
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FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
Contractual Obligations
Berkshire and its subsidiaries have contractual obligations associated with ongoing business and financing activities, which will result in cash payments in future periods. Certain of those obligations, such as notes payable and other borrowings and related interest payments, are reflected in the Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition, Berkshire and subsidiaries have entered into long-term contracts to acquire goods or services in the future, which are not currently reflected in the financial statements and will be reflected in future periods as the goods are delivered or services provided. At March 31, 2004, there have been no material changes in Berkshires contractual obligations from those reported in Berkshires Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003.
Critical Accounting Policies
In applying certain accounting policies, Berkshires management is required to make estimates and judgments regarding transactions that have occurred and ultimately will be settled several years in the future. Amounts recognized in the financial statements from such estimates are necessarily based on assumptions about numerous factors involving varying, and possibly significant, degrees of judgment and uncertainty. Accordingly, the amounts currently recorded in the financial statements may prove, with the benefit of hindsight, to be inaccurate. The balance sheet items most significantly affected by these estimates are property and casualty insurance and reinsurance related liabilities, deferred charges on retroactive reinsurance, and goodwill of businesses acquired.
Reference is made to Critical Accounting Policies in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in Berkshires Annual Report for the year ending December 31, 2003, for additional information on Berkshires critical accounting estimates.
Berkshires Consolidated Balance Sheet includes estimated liabilities for unpaid losses from property and casualty insurance and reinsurance contracts of $45.3 billion and reinsurance receivables of $2.7 billion at March 31, 2004. Due to the inherent uncertainties in the process of establishing these amounts, the actual ultimate claim amounts will differ from the currently recorded amounts. A small percentage change in estimates of this magnitude will result in a material effect on reported earnings. For instance, a 5% increase in the March 31, 2004 net estimate would produce a $2.1 billion charge to pre-tax earnings. Future effects from changes in these estimates will be recorded as a component of losses incurred in the period of the change.
Unamortized deferred charges on retroactive reinsurance policies assumed totaled $2.9 billion at March 31, 2004. Significant changes in either the timing or ultimate amount of loss payments may have a significant effect on unamortized deferred charges and the amount of periodic amortization.
Berkshires Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2004 includes goodwill of acquired businesses of approximately $23.0 billion. These amounts were recorded as a result of Berkshires numerous business acquisitions accounted for under the purchase method. Prior to 2002, goodwill from each acquisition was generally amortized as a charge to earnings over periods not exceeding 40 years. Under SFAS No. 142, which was adopted by Berkshire as of January 1, 2002, periodic amortization ceased, in favor of an impairment-only accounting model.
Forward-Looking Statements
Investors are cautioned that certain statements contained in this document as well as some statements in periodic press releases and some oral statements of Berkshire officials during presentations about Berkshire, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the Act). Forward-looking statements include statements which are predictive in nature, which depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, which include words such as expects, anticipates, intends, plans, believes, estimates, or similar expressions. In addition, any statements concerning future financial performance (including future revenues, earnings or growth rates), ongoing business strategies or prospects, and possible future Berkshire actions, which may be provided by management are also forward-looking statements as defined by the Act. Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and projections about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions about Berkshire, economic and market factors and the industries in which Berkshire does business, among other things. These statements are not guaranties of future performance and Berkshire has no specific intention to update these statements.
Actual events and results may differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in forward-looking statements due to a number of factors. The principal important risk factors that could cause Berkshires actual performance and future events and actions to differ materially from such forward-looking statements, include, but are not limited to, changes in market prices of Berkshires significant equity investees, the occurrence of one or more catastrophic events, such as an earthquake or hurricane that causes losses insured by Berkshires insurance subsidiaries, changes in insurance laws or regulations, changes in Federal income tax laws, and changes in general economic and market factors that affect the prices of securities or the industries in which Berkshire and its affiliates do business, especially those affecting the property and casualty insurance industry.
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FORM 10-Q | Q/E 3/31/04 |
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Reference is made to Berkshires most recently issued Annual Report and in particular the Market Risk Disclosures included in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. As of March 31, 2004, there have been no material changes in the market risks described in Berkshires most recently issued Annual Report, except as discussed below.
During the first quarter of 2004, market risks associated with foreign currency forward contracts increased significantly. The notional value of outstanding contracts increased about $7 billion to about $18 billion at March 31, 2004. As a result, the potential effect of currency exchange rate changes on the fair value of these contracts increased. The fair value of unhedged open foreign currency forward contracts totaled $870 million at March 31, 2004 and $630 million at December 31, 2003. Changes in such amounts are reflected in earnings (as realized gains) in the period of the change.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Corporation carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Corporations management, including the Chairman (Chief Executive Officer) and the Vice President-Treasurer (Chief Financial Officer), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Corporations disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14. Based upon that evaluation, the Chairman (Chief Executive Officer) and the Vice President -Treasurer (Chief Financial Officer) concluded that the Corporations disclosure controls and procedures are effective in timely alerting them to material information relating to the Corporation (including its consolidated subsidiaries) required to be included in the Corporations periodic SEC filings. During the quarter, there have been no significant changes in the Corporations internal controls over financial reporting or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls over financial reporting, nor were any corrective actions required with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.
Part II Other Information
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
a. | Exhibits |
31.1 | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications | |||
31.2 | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications | |||
32.1 | Section 1350 Certifications | |||
32.2 | Section 1350 Certifications |
b. | Report on Form 8-K |
Form 8-K dated March 12, 2004. Item 7. Financial Statements, Proforma Information and Exhibits. Item 12. Results of Operations and Financial Condition. Report contained Berkshires 2003 Annual Report to shareholders.
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirement of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
BERKSHIRE HATHAWAY INC.
(Registrant)
Date May 6, 2004
|
/s/ Marc D. Hamburg | |
(Signature) | ||
Marc D. Hamburg, Vice President | ||
and Principal Financial Officer |
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