UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
þ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-13958
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
Delaware | 13-3317783 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer | |
incorporation or organization) | Identification No.) |
Hartford Plaza, Hartford, Connecticut 06115-1900
(Address of principal executive offices)
(860) 547-5000
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12
months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports),
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes þ No o
As of April 25, 2005, there were outstanding 296,626,246 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the registrant.
1
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EX-15.01: DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP LETTER OF AWARENESS | ||||||||
EX-31.01: CERTIFICATION | ||||||||
EX-31.02: CERTIFICATION | ||||||||
EX-32.01: CERTIFICATION | ||||||||
EX-32.02: CERTIFICATION |
2
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc.
Hartford, Connecticut
We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of March 31, 2005, and the related condensed consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders equity, comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management.
We conducted our reviews in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.
Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to such condensed consolidated interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31, 2004, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders equity, comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein), and in our report dated February 24, 2005 (which report includes an explanatory paragraph relating to the Companys change in its method of accounting and reporting for certain nontraditional long-duration contracts and for separate accounts in 2004), we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2004 is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Hartford, Connecticut
April 29, 2005
3
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
(In millions, except for per share data) | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
Revenues |
||||||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 3,506 | $ | 3,181 | ||||
Fee income |
952 | 825 | ||||||
Net investment income |
1,293 | 1,478 | ||||||
Other revenues |
112 | 104 | ||||||
Net realized capital gains |
128 | 144 | ||||||
Total revenues |
5,991 | 5,732 | ||||||
Benefits, claims and expenses |
||||||||
Benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
3,355 | 3,297 | ||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future
profits |
772 | 679 | ||||||
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
715 | 692 | ||||||
Interest expense |
63 | 66 | ||||||
Other expenses |
172 | 180 | ||||||
Total benefits, claims and expenses |
5,077 | 4,914 | ||||||
Income before income taxes and cumulative effect of
accounting change |
914 | 818 | ||||||
Income tax expense |
248 | 227 | ||||||
Income before cumulative effect of accounting change |
666 | 591 | ||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax |
| (23 | ) | |||||
Net income |
$ | 666 | $ | 568 | ||||
Basic earnings per share |
||||||||
Income before cumulative effect of accounting change |
$ | 2.26 | $ | 2.04 | ||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax |
| (0.08 | ) | |||||
Net income |
$ | 2.26 | $ | 1.96 | ||||
Diluted earnings per share |
||||||||
Income before cumulative effect of accounting change |
$ | 2.21 | $ | 2.01 | ||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax |
| (0.08 | ) | |||||
Net income |
2.21 | 1.93 | ||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding |
294.8 | 289.9 | ||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding and dilutive potential common shares |
301.3 | 294.9 | ||||||
Cash dividends declared per share |
$ | 0.29 | $ | 0.28 | ||||
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
(In millions, except for share data) | March 31, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | ||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
Assets |
||||||||
Investments |
||||||||
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $72,740 and $71,359) |
$ | 75,215 | $ | 75,100 | ||||
Equity securities, held for trading, at fair value (cost of $14,605 and $12,514) |
15,855 | 13,634 | ||||||
Equity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value (cost of $1,002 and $742) |
1,089 | 832 | ||||||
Policy loans, at outstanding balance |
2,119 | 2,662 | ||||||
Other investments |
2,230 | 2,180 | ||||||
Total investments |
96,508 | 94,408 | ||||||
Cash |
1,439 | 1,148 | ||||||
Premiums receivable and agents balances |
3,296 | 3,235 | ||||||
Reinsurance recoverables |
5,953 | 6,178 | ||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future profits |
8,989 | 8,509 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes |
550 | 419 | ||||||
Goodwill |
1,720 | 1,720 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
658 | 643 | ||||||
Other assets |
3,805 | 3,452 | ||||||
Separate account assets |
138,502 | 140,023 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 261,420 | $ | 259,735 | ||||
Liabilities |
||||||||
Reserve for future policy benefits and unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses
|
||||||||
Property and
casualty
|
$ | 21,301 | $ | 21,329 | ||||
Life |
12,373 | 12,246 | ||||||
Other policyholder funds and benefits payable |
55,459 | 52,833 | ||||||
Unearned premiums |
4,943 | 4,807 | ||||||
Short-term debt |
622 | 621 | ||||||
Long-term debt |
4,300 | 4,308 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
9,709 | 9,330 | ||||||
Separate account liabilities |
138,502 | 140,023 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
247,209 | 245,497 | ||||||
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 7) |
||||||||
Stockholders Equity |
||||||||
Common stock - 750,000,000 shares authorized, 299,511,125 and 297,200,090
shares issued, $0.01 par value |
3 | 3 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
4,696 | 4,567 | ||||||
Retained earnings |
8,863 | 8,283 | ||||||
Treasury stock, at cost 3,015,913 and 2,991,820 shares |
(41 | ) | (40 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax |
690 | 1,425 | ||||||
Total stockholders equity |
14,211 | 14,238 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
$ | 261,420 | $ | 259,735 | ||||
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
(In millions, except for share data) | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
Common Stock/Additional Paid-in Capital |
||||||||
Balance at beginning of period |
$ | 4,570 | $ | 3,932 | ||||
Issuance of common stock in underwritten offering |
| 411 | ||||||
Issuance of shares under incentive and stock compensation plans |
114 | 67 | ||||||
Tax benefit on employee stock options and awards |
15 | 12 | ||||||
Balance at end of period |
4,699 | 4,422 | ||||||
Retained Earnings |
||||||||
Balance at beginning of period |
8,283 | 6,499 | ||||||
Net income |
666 | 568 | ||||||
Dividends declared on common stock |
(86 | ) | (81 | ) | ||||
Balance at end of period |
8,863 | 6,986 | ||||||
Treasury Stock, at Cost |
||||||||
Balance at beginning of period |
(40 | ) | (38 | ) | ||||
Return of shares under incentive and stock compensation plans to treasury stock |
(1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
Balance at end of period |
(41 | ) | (39 | ) | ||||
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax |
||||||||
Balance at beginning of period |
1,425 | 1,246 | ||||||
Change in unrealized gain/loss on securities |
(686 | ) | 574 | |||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change |
| 292 | ||||||
Change in net gain/loss on cash flow hedging instruments |
(31 | ) | 59 | |||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
(18 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||
Total other
comprehensive income (loss) |
(735 | ) | 922 | |||||
Balance at end of period |
690 | 2,168 | ||||||
Total stockholders equity |
$ | 14,211 | $ | 13,537 | ||||
Outstanding Shares (in thousands) |
||||||||
Balance at beginning of period |
294,208 | 283,380 | ||||||
Issuance of common stock in underwritten offering |
| 6,703 | ||||||
Issuance of shares under incentive and stock compensation plans |
2,311 | 1,619 | ||||||
Return of shares under incentive and stock compensation plans to treasury stock |
(24 | ) | (25 | ) | ||||
Balance at end of period |
296,495 | 291,677 | ||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
(In millions) | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
|
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 666 | $ | 568 | ||||
Other Comprehensive Income |
||||||||
Change in unrealized gain/loss on securities |
(686 | ) | 574 | |||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change |
| 292 | ||||||
Change in net gain/loss on cash flow hedging instruments |
(31 | ) | 59 | |||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
(18 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||
Total other comprehensive income (loss) |
(735 | ) | 922 | |||||
Total comprehensive income (loss) |
$ | (69 | ) | $ | 1,490 | |||
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
6
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
(In millions) | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
Operating Activities |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 666 | $ | 568 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities |
||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future profits |
772 | 679 | ||||||
Additions to deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future profits |
(1,057 | ) | (952 | ) | ||||
Change in: |
||||||||
Reserve for future policy benefits and unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses
and unearned premiums |
221 | (1,022 | ) | |||||
Reinsurance recoverables |
(19 | ) | 151 | |||||
Receivables |
(53 | ) | (904 | ) | ||||
Payables and accruals |
(197 | ) | 575 | |||||
Accrued and deferred income taxes |
139 | 641 | ||||||
Net realized capital gains |
(128 | ) | (144 | ) | ||||
Net increase in equity securities, held for trading |
(2,220 | ) | (1,611 | ) | ||||
Net receipts from investment and universal life-type contracts credited to
policyholders accounts associated with equity securities, held for trading |
2,367 | 1,915 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
29 | 33 | ||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax |
| 23 | ||||||
Other, net |
146 | 147 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
666 | 99 | ||||||
Investing Activities |
||||||||
Purchase of available-for-sale investments |
(10,587 | ) | (4,674 | ) | ||||
Sale of available-for-sale investments |
8,905 | 4,315 | ||||||
Maturity of available-for-sale investments |
750 | 763 | ||||||
Additions to property and equipment, net |
(15 | ) | (18 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities |
(947 | ) | 386 | |||||
Financing Activities |
||||||||
Repayment of short-term debt, net |
| (477 | ) | |||||
Issuance of long-term debt |
| 197 | ||||||
Repayment of long-term debt |
| (250 | ) | |||||
Issuance of common stock in underwritten offering |
| 411 | ||||||
Net receipts from investment and universal life-type contracts charged against
policyholder accounts |
548 | (164 | ) | |||||
Dividends paid |
(86 | ) | (79 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from issuance of shares under incentive and stock compensation plans |
105 | 55 | ||||||
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities |
567 | (307 | ) | |||||
Foreign exchange rate effect on cash |
5 | (2 | ) | |||||
Net increase in cash |
291 | 176 | ||||||
Cash beginning of period |
1,148 | 462 | ||||||
Cash end of period |
$ | 1,439 | $ | 638 | ||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: |
||||||||
Net Cash Paid During the Period For: |
||||||||
Income taxes |
$ | 81 | $ | 30 | ||||
Interest |
$ | 52 | $ | 53 |
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
7
THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
1. Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. is a financial holding company for a group of subsidiaries that provide investment products and life and property and casualty insurance to both individual and business customers in the United States and internationally (collectively, The Hartford or the Company).
The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis of accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, which differ materially from the accounting prescribed by various insurance regulatory authorities.
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and notes as of March 31, 2005, and for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 are unaudited. These financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal accruals) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods. These condensed financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report. The results of operations for the interim periods should not be considered indicative of results to be expected for the full year.
Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc., companies in which the Company directly or indirectly has a controlling financial interest and those variable interest entities in which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Entities in which The Hartford does not have a controlling financial interest but in which the Company has significant influence over the operating and financing decisions are reported using the equity method. All material intercompany transactions and balances between The Hartford and its subsidiaries and affiliates have been eliminated.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period financial information to conform to the current period classifications. Specifically, the Company reclassified amounts assessed against certain contractholder balances during the first quarter of 2004 from net investment income to fee income.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The most significant estimates include those used in determining insurance reserves; Life operations deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future profits; the valuation of investments and derivative instruments and the evaluation of other-than temporary impairments; pension and other postretirement benefits; and contingencies.
Significant Accounting Policies
For a description of significant accounting policies, see Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Stock-Based Compensation
In January 2003, the Company began expensing all stock-based compensation awards granted or modified after January 1, 2003 under the fair value recognition provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. All stock-based awards granted or modified prior to January 1, 2003 continue to be valued using the intrinsic value-based provisions set forth in Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25 Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. If the fair value method had been applied to all outstanding and unvested awards for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, the effect on net income and earnings per share would have been immaterial. (For further discussion of the Companys stock compensation plans, see Note 18 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.)
Income Taxes
The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 was 27% and 28%, respectively. The principal causes of the difference between the effective rate and the U.S. statutory rate of 35% were tax-exempt interest earned on invested assets and the dividends received deduction.
8
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies
Future Adoption of Accounting Standards
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (SFAS No. 123R). In April 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission deferred the required effective date for adoption to annual periods beginning after June 15, 2005. As disclosed in Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in The Hartfords 2004 10-K Annual Report, the adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Companys consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
2. Earnings Per Share
The following tables present a reconciliation of net income and shares used in calculating basic earnings per share to those used in calculating diluted earnings per share.
Net | ||||||||||||
Income | Shares | Per Share Amount | ||||||||||
March 31, 2005 |
||||||||||||
Basic Earnings per Share |
||||||||||||
Net income available to common shareholders |
$ | 666 | 294.8 | $ | 2.26 | |||||||
Diluted Earnings per Share |
||||||||||||
Stock compensation plans |
| 3.3 | ||||||||||
Equity units |
| 3.2 | ||||||||||
Net income available to common shareholders plus assumed conversions |
$ | 666 | 301.3 | $ | 2.21 | |||||||
March 31, 2004 |
||||||||||||
Basic Earnings per Share |
||||||||||||
Net income available to common shareholders |
$ | 568 | 289.9 | $ | 1.96 | |||||||
Diluted earnings per Share |
||||||||||||
Stock compensation plans |
| 3.1 | ||||||||||
Equity units |
| 1.9 | ||||||||||
Net income available to common shareholders plus assumed conversions |
$ | 568 | 294.9 | $ | 1.93 | |||||||
Basic earnings per share are computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share include the dilutive effect of outstanding options and the Companys equity units, if any, using the treasury stock method, and also contingently issuable shares. Under the treasury stock method, exercise of options is assumed with the proceeds used to purchase common stock at the average market price for the period. The difference between the number of shares assumed issued and number of shares purchased represents the dilutive shares. Under the treasury stock method for the equity units, the number of shares of common stock used in calculating diluted earnings per share is increased by the excess, if any, of the number of shares issuable upon settlement of the purchase contracts, over the number of shares that could be purchased by The Hartford in the market using the proceeds received upon settlement. The number of issuable shares is based on the average market price for the last 20 trading days of the period. The number of shares purchased is based on the average market price during the entire period. Contingently issuable shares are included upon satisfaction of certain conditions related to the contingency.
Upon exercise of outstanding options, the additional shares issued and outstanding are included in the calculation of the Companys weighted average shares from the date of exercise. Similarly, upon settlement of the purchase contracts associated with the Companys equity units, the associated common shares are added to the Companys issued and outstanding shares. Accordingly, assuming The Hartfords common stock price exceeds $56.875 per share and assuming operation of the equity unit purchase contracts in the ordinary course, on August 16, 2006, 12.1 million common shares will be added to the Companys issued and outstanding shares and will be included in the calculation of the Companys weighted average shares for the period the shares are outstanding. Additionally, assuming The Hartfords common stock price exceeds $57.645 per share and assuming operation of the equity unit purchase contracts in the ordinary course, on November 16, 2006, 5.7 million common shares will be added to the Companys issued and outstanding shares and will be included in the calculation of the Companys weighted average shares for the period the shares are outstanding. For further discussion of the Companys equity units offerings, see Note 14 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in The Hartfords 2004 10-K Annual Report.
3. Segment Information
The Hartford is organized into two major operations: Life and Property & Casualty. Within the Life and Property & Casualty operations, The Hartford conducts business principally in eight operating segments. Additionally, Corporate primarily includes all of the Companys debt financing and related interest expense, as well as certain capital raising and purchase accounting adjustment activities.
9
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
3. Segment Information (continued)
Life is organized into four reportable operating segments: Retail Products Group (Retail), Institutional Solutions Group (Institutional), Individual Life and Group Benefits.
Property & Casualty is organized into four reportable operating segments: the underwriting segments of Business Insurance, Personal Lines, and Specialty Commercial (collectively Ongoing Operations); and the Other Operations segment. For the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, AARP accounts for earned premiums of $560 and $520, respectively, in Personal Lines.
For further discussion of the types of products offered by each segment see Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.
The measure of profit or loss used by The Hartfords management in evaluating the performance of its Life segments is net income. The Property & Casualty underwriting segments are evaluated by The Hartfords management primarily based upon underwriting results. Underwriting results represent premiums earned less incurred claims, claim adjustment expenses and underwriting expenses. Net income (loss) for Property & Casualty is the sum of underwriting results, net investment income, net realized capital gains and losses, net servicing and other income, other expenses, and related income taxes.
The following tables present revenues and net income (loss). Underwriting results are presented for the Business Insurance, Personal Lines, Specialty Commercial and Other Operations segments, while net income is presented for Life, Property & Casualty and Corporate.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
Revenues | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Life
|
||||||||
Retail Products Group |
$ | 837 | $ | 763 | ||||
Institutional Solutions Group |
424 | 442 | ||||||
Individual Life |
262 | 254 | ||||||
Group Benefits |
1,046 | 1,004 | ||||||
Other |
411 | 595 | ||||||
Total Life [1] |
2,980 | 3,058 | ||||||
Property & Casualty
|
||||||||
Ongoing Operations
|
||||||||
Earned premiums and other revenues
|
||||||||
Business Insurance |
1,150 | 1,019 | ||||||
Personal Lines |
919 | 864 | ||||||
Specialty Commercial |
547 | 395 | ||||||
Total Ongoing Operations earned premiums and other revenues |
2,616 | 2,278 | ||||||
Other Operations earned premiums |
3 | 12 | ||||||
Net investment income |
337 | 311 | ||||||
Net realized capital gains |
48 | 71 | ||||||
Total Property & Casualty |
3,004 | 2,672 | ||||||
Corporate |
7 | 2 | ||||||
Total revenues |
$ | 5,991 | $ | 5,732 | ||||
[1] | Amounts include net realized capital gains of $81 and $76 for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. |
10
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
3. Segment Information (continued)
Net Income
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Life |
||||||||
Retail Products Group |
$ | 156 | $ | 107 | ||||
Institutional Solutions Group |
40 | 28 | ||||||
Individual Life |
39 | 33 | ||||||
Group Benefits |
59 | 47 | ||||||
Other[1] |
(3 | ) | 66 | |||||
Total Life |
291 | 281 | ||||||
Property & Casualty |
||||||||
Ongoing Operations |
||||||||
Underwriting results |
||||||||
Business Insurance |
118 | 225 | ||||||
Personal Lines |
127 | 106 | ||||||
Specialty Commercial |
40 | (110 | ) | |||||
Total Ongoing Operations underwriting results |
285 | 221 | ||||||
Other Operations underwriting results |
(28 | ) | (65 | ) | ||||
Total Property & Casualty underwriting results |
257 | 156 | ||||||
Net servicing and other income |
13 | 9 | ||||||
Net investment income |
337 | 311 | ||||||
Other expenses |
(60 | ) | (68 | ) | ||||
Net realized capital gains |
48 | 71 | ||||||
Income tax expense |
(178 | ) | (138 | ) | ||||
Total Property & Casualty |
417 | 341 | ||||||
Corporate |
(42 | ) | (54 | ) | ||||
Net income |
$ | 666 | $ | 568 | ||||
[1] | The 2005 amount reflects the $66 provision for the regulatory investigations discussed in Note 7. |
4. Investments and Derivative Instruments
As of March 31, 2005 | As of December 31, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross | Gross | Gross | Gross | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost | Gains | Losses | Fair Value | Cost | Gains | Losses | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bonds and Notes |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities (ABS) |
$ | 7,439 | $ | 78 | $ | (79 | ) | $ | 7,438 | $ | 7,446 | $ | 95 | $ | (72 | ) | $ | 7,469 | ||||||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage
obligations (CMOs) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agency backed |
1,001 | 7 | (4 | ) | 1,004 | 1,138 | 11 | (3 | ) | 1,146 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-agency backed |
152 | | (1 | ) | 151 | 80 | 1 | | 81 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage-backed
securities (CMBS) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agency backed |
72 | 2 | (1 | ) | 73 | 71 | 2 | (1 | ) | 72 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-agency backed |
11,386 | 304 | (123 | ) | 11,567 | 11,235 | 473 | (32 | ) | 11,676 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate |
33,140 | 1,922 | (319 | ) | 34,743 | 31,826 | 2,444 | (117 | ) | 34,153 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Government/Government agencies |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign |
1,519 | 93 | (16 | ) | 1,596 | 1,648 | 153 | (5 | ) | 1,796 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
United States |
1,133 | 24 | (15 | ) | 1,142 | 1,116 | 22 | (6 | ) | 1,132 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities (MBS) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agency backed |
3,309 | 12 | (29 | ) | 3,292 | 2,774 | 29 | (4 | ) | 2,799 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
States, municipalities and
political subdivisions |
10,640 | 637 | (18 | ) | 11,259 | 10,589 | 760 | (12 | ) | 11,337 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Redeemable preferred stock |
36 | 1 | | 37 | 36 | 3 | | 39 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term investments |
2,913 | | | 2,913 | 3,400 | | | 3,400 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total fixed maturities |
$ | 72,740 | $ | 3,080 | $ | (605 | ) | $ | 75,215 | $ | 71,359 | $ | 3,993 | $ | (252 | ) | $ | 75,100 | ||||||||||||||
Derivative Instruments
The Company utilizes a variety of derivative instruments, including swaps, caps, floors, forwards, futures and options designed to achieve one of four Company-approved objectives: to hedge risk arising from interest rate, price or currency exchange rate volatility; to manage liquidity; to control transaction costs; or to enter into replication transactions.
11
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
4. Investments and Derivative Instruments (continued)
On the date the derivative contract is entered into, the Company designates the derivative as (1) a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability (fair value hedge), (2) a hedge of a forecasted transaction or of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (cash flow hedge), (3) a foreign-currency fair value or cash flow hedge (foreign-currency hedge), (4) a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation (net investment hedge) or (5) held for other investment and risk management activities, which primarily involve managing asset or liability related risks that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment.
The Companys derivative transactions are permitted uses of derivatives under the derivatives use plan filed and/or approved, as applicable, by the State of Connecticut, the State of Illinois and the State of New York insurance departments. The Company does not make a market or trade in these instruments for the express purpose of earning short-term trading profits.
For a detailed discussion of the Companys use of derivative instruments, see Notes 1 and 4 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Derivative instruments are recorded at fair value and presented in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as follows:
March 31, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | |||||||||||||||
Asset Values | Liability Values | Asset Values | Liability Values | |||||||||||||
Other investments |
$ | 210 | $ | | $ | 196 | $ | | ||||||||
Reinsurance recoverables |
| 70 | | 67 | ||||||||||||
Other policyholder funds and benefits payable |
136 | | 129 | | ||||||||||||
Fixed maturities |
| 1 | 4 | | ||||||||||||
Other liabilities |
| 573 | | 590 | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 346 | $ | 644 | $ | 329 | $ | 657 | ||||||||
The following table summarizes the notional amount and fair value of derivatives by hedge designation as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. The notional amount of derivative contracts represents the basis upon which pay or receive amounts are calculated and are not necessarily reflective of credit risk. The fair value amounts of derivative assets and liabilities are presented on a net basis in the following table.
March 31, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | |||||||||||||||
Notional Amount | Fair Value | Notional Amount | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
Cash flow hedge |
$ | 8,223 | $ | (479 | ) | $ | 7,779 | $ | (442 | ) | ||||||
Fair value hedge |
1,231 | (14 | ) | 1,113 | (2 | ) | ||||||||||
Net investment hedge |
415 | 9 | 401 | (23 | ) | |||||||||||
Other investment and risk management activities |
50,849 | 186 | 46,985 | 139 | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 60,718 | $ | (298 | ) | $ | 56,278 | $ | (328 | ) | ||||||
The increase in notional amount since December 31, 2004 is primarily due to an increase in embedded derivatives associated with guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit (GMWB) product sales and new hedging strategies. The increase in net fair value of derivative instruments since December 31, 2004 was primarily due to the strengthening of the U.S. Dollar in comparison to foreign currencies and derivatives associated with the GMWB rider due to the decline in value of the equity markets and the increase in equity market volatility, partially offset by the rise in interest rates.
The Company offers certain variable annuity products with a GMWB rider, which is accounted for as an embedded derivative. (For further discussion, refer to Note 6 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.)
During the first quarter of 2005, the Company entered into interest rate swap agreements with a combined notional and fair value of $122 and $(2), respectively, to hedge the variability in certain variable rate Life issued investment contracts. These swaps convert the variable liability payment (e.g. based off of the Consumer Price Index) to a variable rate, London-Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), to better match the cash receipts earned from the supporting investment portfolio. Certain of these swap agreements are designated as cash flow hedges and have a notional and fair value of $75 and $(1), respectively, as of March 31, 2005. In addition, swap agreements that do not receive hedge accounting have a notional and fair value of $47 and $(1), respectively, as of March 31, 2005.
During the first quarter of 2005, the Company entered into forward starting Standard and Poors (S&P) 500 put options, as well as S&P index futures and interest rate swap contracts to economically hedge the equity volatility risk exposure associated with anticipated future sales of the GMWB rider. As of March 31, 2005, the notional and fair value for these contracts was $882 and $39, respectively, and the net gain, after-tax, from these contracts was $3.
12
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
4. Investments and Derivative Instruments (continued)
The total notional amount of derivative contracts purchased to hedge the in-force GMWB exposure, as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, was $4.0 billion and $3.1 billion, respectively, and net fair value was $114 and $108, respectively. For the first quarter ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, net realized capital gains and losses included the change in market value of both the embedded derivative related to the GMWB liability and the related derivative contracts that were purchased as economic hedges. For the first quarter ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, the net effect was a net gain of $5 and a net loss of $1, after-tax, respectively.
For the first quarter ended March 31, 2005, gross gains and losses representing the total ineffectiveness of all fair value and net investment hedges were immaterial. For the first quarter ended March 31, 2005, the Companys net gain and loss representing hedge ineffectiveness on cash flow hedges was $(2), after-tax. For the first quarter ended March 31, 2004, the Companys net gains and losses representing the total ineffectiveness of all cash flow, fair value and net investment hedges were immaterial.
The total change in value for other derivative-based strategies which do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, including periodic net coupon settlements, are reported as net realized capital gains and losses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the first quarter ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company recognized an after-tax net gain of $11 and $17, respectively, for derivative-based strategies, which do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment.
As of March 31, 2005, the after-tax deferred net gains on derivative instruments accumulated in AOCI that are expected to be reclassified to earnings during the next twelve months are $3. This expectation is based on the anticipated interest payments on hedged investments in fixed maturity securities that will occur over the next twelve months, at which time the Company will recognize the deferred net gains (losses) as an adjustment to interest income over the term of the investment cash flows. The maximum term over which the Company is hedging its exposure to the variability of future cash flows (for all forecasted transactions, excluding interest payments on variable rate debt) is twenty-four months. For the first quarter ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, the net reclassifications from AOCI to earnings resulting from the discontinuance of cash flow hedges were immaterial.
5. Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and Present Value of Future Profits
Life
Changes in deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future profits were as follows:
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Balance, January 1 |
$ | 7,438 | $ | 6,624 | ||||
Capitalization |
556 | 494 | ||||||
Amortization Deferred Policy Acquisitions costs |
(272 | ) | (225 | ) | ||||
Amortization Present Value of Future Profits |
(8 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||
Amortization Realized Capital Gains/Losses |
(11 | ) | (5 | ) | ||||
Adjustments to unrealized gains and losses on securities
available-for-sale and other |
245 | (251 | ) | |||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change [1] |
| (105 | ) | |||||
Effect of Currency Translation Adjustment |
(39 | ) | | |||||
Balance, March 31 |
$ | 7,909 | $ | 6,524 | ||||
[1] | Represents the Companys adoption of American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Statement of Position (SOP) 03-1, Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for Certain Nontraditional Long-Duration Contracts and for Separate Accounts (SOP 03-1). |
Property & Casualty
Changes in deferred policy acquisition costs are as follows:
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Balance, January 1 |
$ | 1,071 | $ | 975 | ||||
Capitalization |
501 | 458 | ||||||
Amortization Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs |
(492 | ) | (446 | ) | ||||
Balance, March 31 |
$ | 1,080 | $ | 987 | ||||
6. Separate Accounts, Death Benefits and Other Insurance Benefit Features
Many of the variable annuity contracts issued by the Company offer various guaranteed minimum death, withdrawal and income benefits. Guaranteed minimum death and income benefits are offered in various forms as described in the footnotes to the table below. The Company currently reinsures a significant portion of the death benefit guarantees associated with its in-force block of business.
13
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
6. Separate Accounts, Death Benefits and Other Insurance Benefit Features (continued)
Changes in the gross U.S. guaranteed minimum death benefit (GMDB) and Japan GMDB/guaranteed minimum income benefits (GMIB) liability balance sold with annuity products are as follows:
U.S. GMDB [1] | Japan GMDB/GMIB | |||||||
Liability balance as of January 1, 2005 |
$ | 174 | $ | 28 | ||||
Incurred |
32 | 7 | ||||||
Paid |
38 | | ||||||
Currency translation adjustment |
| (2 | ) | |||||
Liability balance as of March 31, 2005 |
$ | 168 | $ | 33 | ||||
[1] | The reinsurance recoverable asset, related to the U.S. GMDB was $55 as of March 31, 2005. |
U.S. GMDB [1] | Japan GMDB/GMIB | ||||||||||
Liability balance upon adoption as of January 1, 2004
|
$ | 217 | $ | 8 | |||||||
Incurred
|
123 | 21 | |||||||||
Paid
|
166 | 1 | |||||||||
Liability balance as of December 31, 2004
|
$ | 174 | $ | 28 | |||||||
[1] | The reinsurance recoverable asset, related to the U.S. GMDB was $108 upon adoption of SOP 03-1 and $64 as of December 31, 2004. |
The net GMDB and GMIB liability is established by estimating the expected value of net reinsurance costs and death and income benefits in excess of the projected account balance. The excess death and income benefits and net reinsurance costs are recognized ratably over the accumulation period based on total expected assessments. The GMDB and GMIB liabilities are recorded in Future Policy Benefits on the Companys balance sheet. Changes in the GMDB and GMIB liability are recorded in Benefits, Claims and Claims Adjustment Expenses on the Companys statement of income. The Company regularly evaluates estimates used and adjusts the additional liability balances, with a related charge or credit to benefit expense, if actual experience or other evidence suggests that earlier assumptions should be revised.
The following table provides details concerning GMDB and GMIB exposure at March 31, 2005:
Breakdown of Variable Annuity Account Value by GMDB/GMIB Type
Weighted Average | ||||||||||||||||
Account | Net Amount | Retained Net Amount | Attained Age of | |||||||||||||
Value | at Risk | at Risk | Annuitant | |||||||||||||
Maximum anniversary value (MAV) [1] |
||||||||||||||||
MAV only |
$ | 58,807 | $ | 7,015 | $ | 804 | 63 | |||||||||
With 5% rollup [2] |
4,025 | 642 | 121 | 62 | ||||||||||||
With Earnings Protection Benefit Rider (EPB) [3] |
4,985 | 193 | 42 | 60 | ||||||||||||
With 5% rollup & EPB |
1,442 | 122 | 21 | 61 | ||||||||||||
Total MAV |
69,259 | 7,972 | 988 | 63 | ||||||||||||
Asset Protection Benefit (APB) [4] |
18,885 | 71 | 41 | 61 | ||||||||||||
Ratchet [5] (5 years) |
38 | 3 | | 66 | ||||||||||||
Reset [6] (5-7 years) |
7,759 | 690 | 690 | 64 | ||||||||||||
Return of Premium [7]/Other |
8,263 | 53 | 53 | 49 | ||||||||||||
Subtotal U.S. Guaranteed Minimum Death Benefits |
104,204 | 8,789 | 1,772 | 62 | ||||||||||||
Japan Guaranteed Minimum Death and Income Benefit [8] |
16,495 | 76 | 76 | 67 | ||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 120,699 | $ | 8,865 | $ | 1,848 | ||||||||||
[1] | MAV: the death benefit is the greatest of current account value, net premiums paid and the highest account value on any anniversary before age 80 (adjusted for withdrawals). | |
[2] | Rollup: the death benefit is the greatest of the MAV, current account value, net premium paid and premiums (adjusted for withdrawals) accumulated at generally 5% simple interest up to the earlier of age 80 or 100% of adjusted premiums. | |
[3] | EPB: The death benefit is the greatest of the MAV, current account value, or contract value plus a percentage of the contracts growth. The contracts growth is account value less premiums net of withdrawals, subject to a cap of 200% of premiums net of withdrawals. | |
[4] | APB: the death benefit is the greater of current account value or MAV, not to exceed current account value plus 25% times the greater of net premiums and MAV (each adjusted for premiums in the past 12 months). | |
[5] | Ratchet: the death benefit is the greatest of current account value, net premiums paid and the highest account value on any specified anniversary before age 85 (adjusted for withdrawals). | |
[6] | Reset: the death benefit is the greatest of current account value, net premiums paid and the most recent five to seven year anniversary account value before age 80 (adjusted for withdrawals). | |
[7] | Return of premium: the death benefit is the greater of current account value and net premiums paid. | |
[8] | Death benefits include a Return of Premium and MAV (before age 75) as described above and income benefits include a guarantee to return initial investment, adjusted for earnings liquidity, through a fixed annuity, after a minimum deferral period of 10, 15, or 20 years. The guaranteed remaining balance related to the Japan GMIB was $9.7 billion and $7.3 billion as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. |
14
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
6. Separate Accounts, Death Benefits and Other Insurance Benefit Features (continued)
The Company offers certain variable annuity products with a GMWB rider. The GMWB provides the policyholder with a guaranteed remaining balance (GRB) if the account value is reduced to zero through a combination of market declines and withdrawals. The GRB is generally equal to premiums less withdrawals. However, annual withdrawals that exceed a specified percentage of the premiums paid may reduce the GRB by an amount greater than the withdrawals and may also impact the guaranteed annual withdrawal amount that subsequently applies after the excess annual withdrawals occur. In certain contracts, the policyholder also has the option, after a specified time period, to reset the GRB to the then-current account value, if greater. The GMWB represents an embedded derivative liability in the variable annuity contract that is required to be reported separately from the host variable annuity contract. It is carried at fair value and reported in other policyholder funds. The fair value of the GMWB obligations are calculated based on actuarial assumptions related to the projected cash flows, including benefits and related contract charges, over the lives of the contracts, incorporating expectations concerning policyholder behavior. Because of the dynamic and complex nature of these cash flows, stochastic techniques under a variety of market return scenarios and other best estimate assumptions are used. Estimating cash flows involves numerous estimates and subjective judgments including those regarding expected market rates of return, market volatility, correlations of market returns and discount rates.
As of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the embedded derivative asset recorded for GMWB, before reinsurance or hedging, was $136 and $129, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, the change in value of the GMWB, before reinsurance and hedging, reported in realized gains (losses) was $19 and $(27), respectively. There were no payments made for the GMWB during the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
As of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, $11.4 billion, or 37%, and $11.7 billion, or 39%, respectively, of account value representing all of the contracts written before July 2003, with the GMWB feature was reinsured and $19.7 billion, or 63%, and $18.1 billion, or 61%, respectively, was unreinsured. In order to minimize the volatility associated with the unreinsured GMWB liabilities, the Company established a hedging-based risk management strategy. In 2003, the Company began hedging its unreinsured GMWB exposure using interest rate futures, and Standard and Poors (S&P) 500 and NASDAQ index options and futures contracts. During 2004, the Company began using Europe, Australasia and Far East (EAFE) Index swaps to hedge GMWB exposure to international equity markets. The GRB as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 was $27.4 billion and $25.4 billion, respectively.
7. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
The Hartford is involved in claims litigation arising in the ordinary course of business, both as a liability insurer defending third-party claims brought against insureds and as an insurer defending coverage claims brought against it. The Hartford accounts for such activity through the establishment of unpaid claim and claim adjustment expense reserves. Subject to the uncertainties discussed below under the caption Asbestos and Environmental Claims, management expects that the ultimate liability, if any, with respect to such ordinary-course claims litigation, after consideration of provisions made for potential losses and costs of defense, will not be material to the consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of The Hartford.
The Hartford is also involved in other kinds of legal actions, some of which assert claims for substantial amounts. These actions include, among others, putative state and federal class actions seeking certification of a state or national class. Such putative class actions have alleged, for example, underpayment of claims or improper underwriting practices in connection with various kinds of insurance policies, such as personal and commercial automobile, property, and inland marine; improper sales practices in connection with the sale of life insurance and other investment products; and improper fee arrangements in connection with mutual funds. The Hartford also is involved in individual actions in which punitive damages are sought, such as claims alleging bad faith in the handling of insurance claims. Like many other insurers, The Hartford also has been joined in actions by asbestos plaintiffs asserting that insurers had a duty to protect the public from the dangers of asbestos. Management expects that the ultimate liability, if any, with respect to such lawsuits, after consideration of provisions made for estimated losses, will not be material to the consolidated financial condition of The Hartford. Nonetheless, given the large or indeterminate amounts sought in certain of these actions, and the inherent unpredictability of litigation, it is possible that an adverse outcome in certain matters could, from time to time, have a material adverse effect on the Companys consolidated results of operations or cash flows in particular quarterly or annual periods.
Broker Compensation Litigation On October 14, 2004, the New York Attorney Generals Office filed a civil complaint (the NYAG Complaint) against Marsh Inc. and Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. (collectively, Marsh) alleging, among other things, that certain insurance companies, including The Hartford, participated with Marsh in arrangements to submit inflated bids for business insurance and paid contingent commissions to ensure that Marsh would direct business to them. The Hartford was not joined as a defendant in the action, which has since settled. Since the filing of the NYAG Complaint, several private actions have been filed against the Company asserting claims arising from the allegations of the NYAG Complaint.
Two securities class actions, now consolidated, have been filed in the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut alleging claims against the Company and certain of its executive officers under Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act and SEC
15
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
7. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)
Rule 10b-5. The consolidated amended complaint alleges on behalf of a putative class of shareholders that the Company and the four named individual defendants, as control persons of the Company, failed to disclose to the investing public that The Hartfords business and growth was predicated on the unlawful activity alleged in the NYAG Complaint. The class period alleged is August 6, 2003 through October 13, 2004, the day before the NYAG Complaint was filed. The complaint seeks damages and attorneys fees. The Company and the individual defendants dispute the allegations and intend to defend these actions vigorously.
In addition, three putative class actions, now consolidated, have been filed in the same court on behalf of participants in the Companys 401(k) plan against The Hartford, Hartford Fire Insurance Company, the Companys Pension Fund Trust and Investment Committee, the Companys Pension Administration Committee, the Companys Chief Financial Officer, and John/Jane Does 1-15. The suits assert claims under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA), alleging that the Company and the other named defendants breached their fiduciary duties to plan participants by, among other things, failing to inform them of the risk associated with investment in the Companys stock as a result of the activity alleged in the NYAG Complaint. The class period alleged is November 5, 2003 through the present. The complaints seek restitution of losses to the plan, declaratory and injunctive relief, and attorneys fees. All defendants dispute the allegations and intend to defend these actions vigorously.
Two corporate derivative actions, now consolidated, also have been filed in the same court. The consolidated amended complaint, brought by a shareholder on behalf of the Company against its directors and an executive officer, alleges that the defendants knew adverse non-public information about the activities alleged in the NYAG Complaint and concealed and misappropriated that information to make profitable stock trades, thereby breaching their fiduciary duties, abusing their control, committing gross mismanagement, wasting corporate assets, and unjustly enriching themselves. The complaint seeks damages, injunctive relief, disgorgement, and attorneys fees. All defendants dispute the allegations and intend to defend these actions vigorously.
Ten putative class actions also have been filed by alleged policyholders in federal district courts against several brokers and insurers, including the Company. These actions assert, on behalf of a class of persons who purchased insurance through the broker defendants, claims under the Sherman Act and state law, and in some cases the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO), arising from the conduct alleged in the NYAG Complaint. The class period alleged is 1994 through the date of class certification, which has not yet occurred. The complaints seek treble damages, injunctive and declaratory relief, and attorneys fees. Pursuant to an order of the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation, it is likely that the venue for all of these actions will be the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey. Putative class actions also have been filed in the Circuit Court for Cook County, Illinois, Chancery Division and in the Circuit Court for Seminole County, Florida, Civil Division, on behalf of a class of all persons who purchased insurance from defendant insurers, including Hartford entities. These state court actions assert unjust enrichment claims and violations of state unfair trade practices acts arising from the conduct alleged in the NYAG Complaint and seek remedies including restitution of premiums, and, in the Illinois action, imposition of a constructive trust, and declaratory and injunctive relief. The class period alleged is 1994 through the present. The Company has removed both actions to federal court, but the plaintiffs have moved to remand the actions to the respective state courts. The plaintiffs' motion to remand the Illinois action was denied; the remand motion in the Florida action has not been decided. The Company disputes the allegations in all of these actions and intends to defend the actions vigorously.
Additional complaints may be filed against the Company in various courts alleging claims under federal or state law arising from the conduct alleged in the NYAG Complaint. The Companys ultimate liability, if any, in the pending and possible future suits is highly uncertain and subject to contingencies that are not yet known, such as how many suits will be filed, in which courts they will be lodged, what claims they will assert, what the outcome of investigations by the New York Attorney Generals Office and other regulatory agencies will be, the success of defenses that the Company may assert, and the amount of recoverable damages if liability is established. In the opinion of management, it is possible that an adverse outcome in one or more of these suits could have a material adverse effect on the Companys consolidated results of operations or cash flows in particular quarterly or annual periods.
Asbestos and Environmental Claims
As discussed in Note 12 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption Asbestos and Environmental Claims, included in the Companys 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report, the Company continues to receive asbestos and environmental claims that involve significant uncertainty regarding policy coverage issues. Regarding these claims, the Company continually reviews its overall reserve levels and reinsurance coverages, as well as the methodologies it uses to estimate its exposures. Because of the significant uncertainties that limit the ability of insurers and reinsurers to estimate the ultimate reserves necessary for unpaid losses and related expenses, particularly those related to asbestos, the ultimate liabilities may exceed the currently recorded reserves. Any such additional liability cannot be reasonably estimated now but could be material to the Companys future consolidated operating results, financial condition and liquidity.
Regulatory Developments
In June 2004, the Company received a subpoena from the New York Attorney Generals Office in connection with its inquiry into compensation arrangements between brokers and carriers. In mid-September 2004 and subsequently, the Company has received
16
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
7. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)
additional subpoenas from the New York Attorney Generals Office, which relate more specifically to possible anti-competitive activity among brokers and insurers. Since the beginning of October 2004, the Company has received subpoenas or other information requests from Attorneys General and regulatory agencies in more than a dozen jurisdictions regarding broker compensation and possible anti-competitive activity. The Company may receive additional subpoenas and other information requests from Attorneys General or other regulatory agencies regarding similar issues. The Company also has received a subpoena from the New York Attorney Generals Office requesting information related to the Companys underwriting practices with respect to legal professional liability insurance. In addition, the Company has received a request for information from the New York Attorney Generals Office concerning the Companys compensation arrangements in connection with the administration of workers compensation plans. The Company intends to continue cooperating fully with these investigations, and is conducting an internal review, with the assistance of outside counsel, regarding broker compensation issues in its Property & Casualty and Group Benefits operations.
On October 14, 2004, the New York Attorney Generals Office filed a civil complaint against Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc., and Marsh, Inc. (collectively, Marsh). The complaint alleges, among other things, that certain insurance companies, including the Company, participated with Marsh in arrangements to submit inflated bids for business insurance and paid contingent commissions to ensure that Marsh would direct business to them. The Company was not joined as a defendant in the action, which has since settled. Although no regulatory action has been initiated against the Company in connection with the allegations described in the civil complaint, it is possible that the New York Attorney Generals Office or one or more other regulatory agencies may pursue action against the Company or one or more of its employees in the future. The potential timing of any such action is difficult to predict. If such an action is brought, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
On October 29, 2004, the New York Attorney Generals Office informed the Company that the Attorney General is conducting an investigation with respect to the timing of the previously disclosed sale by Thomas Marra, a director and executive officer of the Company, of 217,074 shares of the Companys common stock on September 21, 2004. The sale occurred shortly after the issuance of two additional subpoenas dated September 17, 2004 by the New York Attorney Generals Office. The Company has engaged outside counsel to review the circumstances related to the transaction and is fully cooperating with the New York Attorney Generals Office. On the basis of the review, the Company has determined that Mr. Marra complied with the Companys applicable internal trading procedures and has found no indication that Mr. Marra was aware of the additional subpoenas at the time of the sale.
There continues to be significant federal and state regulatory activity relating to financial services companies, particularly mutual funds companies. These regulatory inquiries have focused on a number of mutual fund issues, including market timing and late trading, revenue sharing and directed brokerage, fees, transfer agents and other fund service providers, and other mutual-fund related issues. The Company has received requests for information and subpoenas from the SEC, subpoenas from the New York Attorney Generals Office, a subpoena from the Connecticut Attorney Generals Office, requests for information from the Connecticut Securities and Investments Division of the Department of Banking, and requests for information from the New York Department of Insurance, in each case requesting documentation and other information regarding various mutual fund regulatory issues.
The SECs Division of Enforcement and the New York Attorney Generals Office are investigating aspects of the Companys variable annuity and mutual fund operations related to market timing. The Companys mutual funds are available for purchase by the separate accounts of different variable universal life insurance policies, variable annuity products, and funding agreements, and they are offered directly to certain qualified retirement plans. Although existing products contain transfer restrictions between subaccounts, some products, particularly older variable annuity products, do not contain restrictions on the frequency of transfers. In addition, as a result of the settlement of litigation against the Company with respect to certain owners of older variable annuity products, the Companys ability to restrict transfers by these owners is limited. In February 2005, the Company agreed in principle with the Boards of Directors of the mutual funds to indemnify the mutual funds for any material harm caused to the funds from frequent trading by these owners. The specific terms of the indemnification have not been determined.
The SECs Division of Enforcement also is investigating aspects of the Companys variable annuity and mutual fund operations related to directed brokerage and revenue sharing. The Company discontinued the use of directed brokerage in recognition of mutual fund sales in late 2003. The Company also has received subpoenas from the New York Attorney Generals Office and the Connecticut Attorney Generals Office requesting information related to the Companys group annuity products. The Company continues to cooperate fully with the SEC, the New York Attorney Generals Office and other regulatory agencies.
To date, neither the SECs and New York Attorney Generals market timing investigation nor the SECs directed brokerage investigation has resulted in either regulator initiating any formal action against the Company. However, the Company believes that the SEC and the New York Attorney Generals Office are likely to take some action against the Company at the conclusion of the respective investigations. The potential timing of any such action is difficult to predict. Based on the Companys discussions with the SEC and the New York Attorney Generals Office and its own analysis, the Company recorded a charge of $66 to establish a reserve for these matters during the first quarter of 2005. This reserve is an estimate; in view of the uncertainties regarding the timing and outcome of any payments relating to these types of regulatory investigations, as well as the tax-deductibility, if any, and any potential deferred
17
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(unaudited)
7. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)
acquisition cost effects (though no deferred acquisition cost effects are included in this estimate) that may be applicable, it is possible that the ultimate cost to the Company of these matters may exceed or be below the reserve amount, perhaps by a significant amount.
8. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Tax
Comprehensive income is defined as all changes in stockholders equity, except those arising from transactions with stockholders. Comprehensive income includes net income and other comprehensive income (loss), which for the Company consists of changes in unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments available-for-sale carried at market value, changes in gains or losses on cash flow hedging instruments, changes in foreign currency translation gains or losses and changes in the Companys minimum pension liability.
The components of AOCI, net of tax, were as follows:
Net Gain | Foreign | |||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized | (Loss) on | Currency | Minimum | Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||
Gain | Cash Flow | Cumulative | Pension | Other | ||||||||||||||||
on | Hedging | Translation | Liability | Comprehensive | ||||||||||||||||
Securities | Instruments | Adjustments | Adjustment | Income | ||||||||||||||||
For the three months ended March 31, 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 2,162 | $ | (215 | ) | $ | (42 | ) | $ | (480 | ) | $ | 1,425 | |||||||
Unrealized gain/loss on securities [1] [2] |
(686 | ) | | | | (686 | ) | |||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments [1] |
| | (18 | ) | | (18 | ) | |||||||||||||
Net gain/loss on cash flow hedging instruments [1] [3] |
| (31 | ) | | | (31 | ) | |||||||||||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,476 | $ | (246 | ) | $ | (60 | ) | $ | (480 | ) | $ | 690 | |||||||
For the three months ended March 31, 2004 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 1,764 | $ | (42 | ) | $ | (101 | ) | $ | (375 | ) | $ | 1,246 | |||||||
Unrealized gain/loss on securities [1] [2] |
574 | | | | 574 | |||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments [1] |
| | (3 | ) | | (3 | ) | |||||||||||||
Net gain/loss on cash flow hedging instruments [1] [3] |
| 59 | | | 59 | |||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting changes [4] |
292 | | | | 292 | |||||||||||||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 2,630 | $ | 17 | $ | (104 | ) | $ | (375 | ) | $ | 2,168 | ||||||||
[1] | Unrealized gain on securities is net of tax and other items of $(296) and $276 for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Net gain on cash flow hedging instruments is net of tax expense (benefit) of $(17) and $32 for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Foreign currency cumulative translation adjustments are net of tax of $(10) and $(2) for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. | |||
[2] | Net of reclassification adjustment for gains realized in net income of $72 and $83 for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. | |||
[3] | Net of amortization adjustment of $9 and $4 to net investment income for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. | |||
[4] | Cumulative effect of accounting change is net of tax of $157 for the three months ended March 31, 2004. |
9. Pension Plans and Postretirement Health Care and Life Insurance Benefit Plans
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost
Total net periodic benefit cost for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 include the following components:
Other Postretirement | ||||||||||||||||
Pension Benefits | Benefits | |||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
Service cost |
$ | 33 | $ | 26 | $ | 3 | $ | 4 | ||||||||
Interest cost |
56 | 43 | 8 | 7 | ||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(67 | ) | (43 | ) | (2 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost |
(4 | ) | 1 | (6 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||||
Amortization of unrecognized net losses |
15 | 7 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Net periodic benefit cost |
$ | 33 | $ | 34 | $ | 4 | $ | 5 | ||||||||
Employer Contributions
On April 15, 2005, the Company, at its discretion, made a $200 contribution into the U.S. qualified defined benefit plan (the Plan). In addition, the Companys 2005 required minimum funding contribution is expected to be immaterial.
18
Item 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollar amounts in millions except share data unless otherwise stated)
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) addresses the financial condition of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, The Hartford or the Company) as of March 31, 2005, compared with December 31, 2004, and its results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2005, compared to the equivalent 2004 period. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the MD&A in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Certain of the statements contained herein are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and include estimates and assumptions related to economic, competitive and legislative developments. These forward-looking statements are subject to change and uncertainty which are, in many instances, beyond the Companys control and have been made based upon managements expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effect upon the Company. There can be no assurance that future developments will be in accordance with managements expectations or that the effect of future developments on The Hartford will be those anticipated by management. Actual results could differ materially from those expected by the Company, depending on the outcome of various factors. These factors include: the difficulty in predicting the Companys potential exposure for asbestos and environmental claims and related litigation; the possible occurrence of terrorist attacks; the response of reinsurance companies under reinsurance contracts and the availability, pricing and adequacy of reinsurance to protect the Company against losses; changes in the stock markets, interest rates or other financial markets, including the potential effect on the Companys statutory capital levels; the inability to effectively mitigate the impact of equity market volatility on the Companys financial position and results of operations arising from obligations under annuity product guarantees; the difficulty in predicting the Companys potential exposure arising out of regulatory proceedings or private claims relating to incentive compensation or payments made to brokers or other producers and alleged anti-competitive conduct; the uncertain effect on the Company of regulatory and market-driven changes in practices relating to the payment of incentive compensation to brokers and other producers, including changes that have been announced and those which may occur in the future; the possibility of more unfavorable loss experience than anticipated; the incidence and severity of catastrophes, both natural and man-made; stronger than anticipated competitive activity; unfavorable judicial or legislative developments, including the possibility that the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 is not extended beyond 2005; the potential effect of domestic and foreign regulatory developments, including those which could increase the Companys business costs and required capital levels; the possibility of general economic and business conditions that are less favorable than anticipated; the Companys ability to distribute its products through distribution channels, both current and future; the uncertain effects of emerging claim and coverage issues; the effect of assessments and other surcharges for guaranty funds and second-injury funds and other mandatory pooling arrangements; a downgrade in the Companys claims-paying, financial strength or credit ratings; the ability of the Companys subsidiaries to pay dividends to the Company; and other factors described in such forward-looking statements.
INDEX
Overview
|
19 | |||
Critical Accounting Estimates
|
21 | |||
Consolidated Results of Operations
|
22 | |||
Life Retail Products Group |
24 28 |
|||
Institutional Solutions Group
|
29 | |||
Individual Life
|
30 | |||
Group Benefits
|
30 | |||
Property & Casualty
|
31 | |||
Business Insurance
|
36 | |||
Personal Lines | 37 | |||
Specialty Commercial | 39 | |||
Other Operations (Including
Asbestos and Environmental Claims) Investments |
41 43 |
|||
Investment Credit Risk | 47 | |||
Capital Markets Risk Management | 51 | |||
Capital Resources and Liquidity | 53 | |||
Accounting Standards | 58 |
OVERVIEW
The Hartford is a diversified insurance and financial services company with operations dating back to 1810. The Company is headquartered in Connecticut and is organized into two major operations: Life and Property & Casualty, each containing reporting segments. Within the Life and Property & Casualty operations, The Hartford conducts business principally in eight operating segments.
Many of the principal factors that drive the profitability of The Hartfords Life and Property & Casualty operations are separate and distinct. Management considers this diversification to be a strength of The Hartford that distinguishes the Company from its peers. To present its operations in a more meaningful and organized way, management has included separate overviews within the Life and Property & Casualty sections of MD&A. For further overview of Lifes profitability and analysis, see page 24. For further overview of Property & Casualtys profitability and analysis, see page 31.
19
Regulatory Developments
In June 2004, the Company received a subpoena from the New York Attorney Generals Office in connection with its inquiry into compensation arrangements between brokers and carriers. In mid-September 2004 and subsequently, the Company has received additional subpoenas from the New York Attorney Generals Office, which relate more specifically to possible anti-competitive activity among brokers and insurers. Since the beginning of October 2004, the Company has received subpoenas or other information requests from Attorneys General and regulatory agencies in more than a dozen jurisdictions regarding broker compensation and possible anti-competitive activity. The Company may receive additional subpoenas and other information requests from Attorneys General or other regulatory agencies regarding similar issues. The Company also has received a subpoena from the New York Attorney Generals Office requesting information related to the Companys underwriting practices with respect to legal professional liability insurance. In addition, the Company has received a request for information from the New York Attorney Generals Office concerning the Companys compensation arrangements in connection with the administration of workers compensation plans. The Company intends to continue cooperating fully with these investigations, and is conducting an internal review, with the assistance of outside counsel, regarding broker compensation issues in its Property & Casualty and Group Benefits operations.
On October 14, 2004, the New York Attorney Generals Office filed a civil complaint against Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc., and Marsh, Inc. (collectively, Marsh). The complaint alleges, among other things, that certain insurance companies, including the Company, participated with Marsh in arrangements to submit inflated bids for business insurance and paid contingent commissions to ensure that Marsh would direct business to them. The Company was not joined as a defendant in the action, which has since settled. Although no regulatory action has been initiated against the Company in connection with the allegations described in the civil complaint, it is possible that the New York Attorney Generals Office or one or more other regulatory agencies may pursue action against the Company or one or more of its employees in the future. The potential timing of any such action is difficult to predict. If such an action is brought, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
On October 29, 2004, the New York Attorney Generals Office informed the Company that the Attorney General is conducting an investigation with respect to the timing of the previously disclosed sale by Thomas Marra, a director and executive officer of the Company, of 217,074 shares of the Companys common stock on September 21, 2004. The sale occurred shortly after the issuance of two additional subpoenas dated September 17, 2004 by the New York Attorney Generals Office. The Company has engaged outside counsel to review the circumstances related to the transaction and is fully cooperating with the New York Attorney Generals Office. On the basis of the review, the Company has determined that Mr. Marra complied with the Companys applicable internal trading procedures and has found no indication that Mr. Marra was aware of the additional subpoenas at the time of the sale.
There continues to be significant federal and state regulatory activity relating to financial services companies, particularly mutual funds companies. These regulatory inquiries have focused on a number of mutual fund issues, including market timing and late trading, revenue sharing and directed brokerage, fees, transfer agents and other fund service providers, and other mutual-fund related issues. The Company has received requests for information and subpoenas from the SEC, subpoenas from the New York Attorney Generals Office, a subpoena from the Connecticut Attorney Generals Office, requests for information from the Connecticut Securities and Investments Division of the Department of Banking, and requests for information from the New York Department of Insurance, in each case requesting documentation and other information regarding various mutual fund regulatory issues.
The SECs Division of Enforcement and the New York Attorney Generals Office are investigating aspects of the Companys variable annuity and mutual fund operations related to market timing. The Companys mutual funds are available for purchase by the separate accounts of different variable universal life insurance policies, variable annuity products, and funding agreements, and they are offered directly to certain qualified retirement plans. Although existing products contain transfer restrictions between subaccounts, some products, particularly older variable annuity products, do not contain restrictions on the frequency of transfers. In addition, as a result of the settlement of litigation against the Company with respect to certain owners of older variable annuity products, the Companys ability to restrict transfers by these owners is limited. In February 2005, the Company agreed in principle with the Boards of Directors of the mutual funds to indemnify the mutual funds for any material harm caused to the funds from frequent trading by these owners. The specific terms of the indemnification have not been determined.
The SECs Division of Enforcement also is investigating aspects of the Companys variable annuity and mutual fund operations related to directed brokerage and revenue sharing. The Company discontinued the use of directed brokerage in recognition of mutual fund sales in late 2003. The Company also has received subpoenas from the New York Attorney Generals Office and the Connecticut Attorney Generals Office requesting information related to the Companys group annuity products. The Company continues to cooperate fully with the SEC, the New York Attorney Generals Office and other regulatory agencies.
To date, neither the SECs and New York Attorney Generals market timing investigation nor the SECs directed brokerage investigation has resulted in either regulator initiating any formal action against the Company. However, the Company believes that the SEC and the New York Attorney Generals Office are likely to take some action against the Company at the conclusion of the respective investigations. The potential timing of any such action is difficult to predict. Based on the Companys discussions with the SEC and the New York Attorney Generals Office and its own analysis, the Company recorded a charge of $66 to establish a reserve for these matters during the first quarter of 2005. This reserve is an estimate; in view of the uncertainties regarding the timing and outcome of any payments relating to these types of regulatory investigations, as well as the tax-deductibility, if any, and any potential deferred
20
acquisition cost effects (though no deferred acquisition cost effects are included in this estimate) that may be applicable, it is possible that the ultimate cost to the Company of these matters may exceed or be below the reserve amount, perhaps by a significant amount.
Broker Compensation
As the Company has disclosed previously, the Company pays brokers and independent agents commissions and other forms of incentive compensation in connection with the sale of many of the Companys insurance products. Since the New York Attorney Generals Office filed a civil complaint against Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Marsh, Inc. (collectively, Marsh) on October 14, 2004, several of the largest national insurance brokers, including Marsh, Aon Corporation and Willis Group Holdings Limited, have announced that they have discontinued the use of contingent compensation arrangements. Other industry participants may make similar, or different, determinations in the future. In addition, legal, legislative, regulatory, business or other developments may require changes to industry practices relating to incentive compensation. At this time, it is not possible to predict the effect of these announced or potential changes on the Companys business or distribution strategies.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The Company has identified the following estimates as critical in that they involve a higher degree of judgment and are subject to a significant degree of variability: insurance reserves; Life operations deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future profits; the valuation of investments and derivative instruments and the evaluation of other-than-temporary impairments; pension and other postretirement benefits; and contingencies. In developing these estimates management makes subjective and complex judgments that are inherently uncertain and subject to material change as facts and circumstances develop. Although variability is inherent in these estimates, management believes the amounts provided are appropriate based upon the facts available upon compilation of the financial statements. For a discussion of each of these critical accounting estimates, see The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Life Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs and Present Value of Future Profits
Policy acquisition costs include commissions and certain other expenses that vary with and are primarily associated with acquiring business. Present value of future profits is an intangible asset recorded upon applying purchase accounting in an acquisition of a life insurance company. Deferred policy acquisition costs and the present value of future profits intangible asset are amortized in the same way. Both are amortized over the estimated life of the contracts acquired, usually 20 years. Within the following discussion, deferred policy acquisition costs and the present value of future profits intangible asset will be referred to as DAC. At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the carrying value of Lifes DAC was $7.9 billion and $7.4 billion, respectively. For statutory accounting purposes, such costs are expensed as incurred.
DAC related to traditional policies are amortized over the premium-paying period in proportion to the present value of annual expected premium income. DAC related to investment contracts and universal life-type contracts are deferred and amortized using the retrospective deposit method. Under the retrospective deposit method, acquisition costs are amortized in proportion to the present value of estimated gross profits (EGPs), arising principally from projected investment, mortality and expense margins and surrender charges. The attributable portion of the DAC amortization is allocated to realized gains and losses on investments. The DAC balance is also adjusted through other comprehensive income by an amount that represents the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs that would have been required as a charge or credit to operations had unrealized gains and losses on investments been realized. Actual gross profits that vary from managements estimates result in increases or decreases in the rate of amortization, commonly referred to as a true-up, which are recorded in the current period.
Life regularly evaluates its estimates of future gross profits combined with actual gross profits earned to date to determine if actual experience or other evidence suggests that those earlier estimates of future gross profits should be revised. In the event that Life were to revise its EGPs, the cumulative DAC amortization would be adjusted to reflect such revised EGPs in the period the revision was determined to be necessary. Several assumptions considered to be significant in the development of EGPs include separate account fund performance, surrender and lapse rates, estimated interest spread and estimated mortality. The separate account fund performance assumption is critical to the development of the EGPs related to Lifes variable annuity and to a lesser extent, variable universal life insurance businesses. The average annual long-term rate of assumed separate account fund performance (before mortality and expense charges) used in estimating gross profits for the variable annuity and variable universal life business was 9% for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004. For other products including fixed annuities and other universal life-type contracts, the average assumed investment yield ranged from 5.7% to 7.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
Life had developed models to evaluate its DAC asset, which allowed it to run a large number of stochastically determined scenarios of separate account fund performance. These scenarios were then utilized to calculate a statistically significant range of reasonable estimates of EGPs. This range was then compared to the present value of EGPs currently utilized in the DAC amortization model. As of March 31, 2005, the present value of the EGPs utilized in the DAC amortization model fall within a reasonable range of statistically calculated present value of EGPs. As a result, Life does not believe there is sufficient evidence to suggest that a revision to the EGPs
21
(and therefore, a revision to the DAC) as of March 31, 2005 is necessary; however, if in the future the EGPs utilized in the DAC amortization model were to fall outside of the margin of the reasonable range of statistically calculated EGPs, a revision could be necessary. Furthermore, Life has estimated that the present value of the EGPs is likely to remain within a reasonable range if overall separate account returns decline by 18% or less over the next twelve months, and if certain other assumptions that are implicit in the computations of the EGPs are achieved.
Additionally, Life continues to perform analyses with respect to the potential impact of a revision to future EGPs. If such a revision to EGPs were deemed necessary, Life would adjust, as appropriate, all of its assumptions for products accounted for in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 97, Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises for Certain Long-Duration Contracts and for Realized Gains and Losses from the Sale of Investments, and reproject its future EGPs based on current account values at the end of the quarter in which a revision is deemed to be necessary. To illustrate the effects of this process, assume the Company had concluded that a revision of Lifes EGPs was required at March 31, 2005. If Life assumed a 9% average long-term rate of growth from March 31, 2005 forward along with other appropriate assumption changes in determining the revised EGPs, Life estimates the cumulative increase to amortization would be approximately $40-$45, after-tax. If, instead, Life were to assume a long-term growth rate of 8% in determining the revised EGPs, the adjustment would be approximately $70-$75, after-tax. Any such adjustment would not affect statutory income or surplus, due to the prescribed accounting for such amounts that is discussed above.
Aside from absolute levels and timing of market performance assumptions, additional factors that will influence this determination include the degree of volatility in separate account fund performance and shifts in asset allocation within the separate account made by policyholders. The overall return generated by the separate account is dependent on several factors, including the relative mix of the underlying sub-accounts among bond funds and equity funds as well as equity sector weightings. Lifes overall separate account fund performance has been reasonably correlated to the overall performance of the S&P 500 Index (which closed at 1,181 on March 31, 2005), although no assurance can be provided that this correlation will continue in the future.
The overall recoverability of the DAC asset is dependent on the future profitability of the business. Life tests the aggregate recoverability of the DAC asset by comparing the amounts deferred to the present value of total EGPs. In addition, Life routinely stress tests its DAC asset for recoverability against severe declines in its separate account assets, which could occur if the equity markets experienced another significant sell-off, as the majority of policyholders funds in the separate accounts is invested in the equity market. As of March 31, 2005, Life believed variable annuity separate account assets could fall by at least 35% before portions of its DAC asset would be unrecoverable.
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||
Operating Summary | 2005 | 2004 | Change | |||||||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 3,506 | $ | 3,181 | 10 | % | ||||||
Fee income |
952 | 825 | 15 | % | ||||||||
Net investment income |
1,293 | 1,478 | (13 | %) | ||||||||
Other revenues |
112 | 104 | 8 | % | ||||||||
Net realized capital gains |
128 | 144 | (11 | %) | ||||||||
Total revenues |
5,991 | 5,732 | 5 | % | ||||||||
Benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
3,355 | 3,297 | 2 | % | ||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future profits |
772 | 679 | 14 | % | ||||||||
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
715 | 692 | 3 | % | ||||||||
Interest expense |
63 | 66 | (5 | %) | ||||||||
Other expenses |
172 | 180 | (4 | %) | ||||||||
Total benefits, claims and expenses |
5,077 | 4,914 | 3 | % | ||||||||
Income before income taxes and cumulative effect of accounting change |
914 | 818 | 12 | % | ||||||||
Income tax expense |
248 | 227 | 9 | % | ||||||||
Income before cumulative effect of accounting change |
666 | 591 | 13 | % | ||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax |
| (23 | ) | 100 | % | |||||||
Net income |
$ | 666 | $ | 568 | 17 | % | ||||||
The Hartford defines NM as not meaningful for increases or decreases greater than 200%, or changes from a net gain to a net loss position, or vice versa.
Total Revenues
Total revenues increased $259, or 5% for the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared with the same prior year period. The increase was primarily due to the following:
| Earned premium growth in the Business Insurance, Personal Lines and Specialty Commercial segments of Property & Casualty. Also contributing to the increase was a $90 decrease in earned premium on retrospectively rated policies recorded in the first quarter of 2004. | |||
| Fee income growth of $125 in the Companys Life operation, principally in the individual annuity business. |
22
Partially offsetting the increase was:
| A decrease in net investment income of $185, primarily related to the Companys trading securities portfolio. |
Net Income
Net income increased $98 or 17%, primarily due to the following:
| Increases in net income for all four of the Companys Life segments totaling $79, including $23 related to the cumulative effect of the Companys adoption of SOP 03-1 in the three months ended March 31, 2004. | |||
| A $66 after-tax improvement in Property & Casualty underwriting results, of which $42 related to Ongoing Operations. | |||
| A $19 after-tax increase in Property & Casualty net investment income. |
Partially offsetting the increase was:
| A charge of $66 recorded in Life to establish a reserve for investigations related to market timing by the SEC and New York Attorney General and directed brokerage by the SEC. |
Income Taxes
The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 was 27% and 28%, respectively. The principal causes of the difference between the effective rate and the U.S. statutory rate of 35% were tax-exempt interest earned on invested assets and the dividends received deduction.
Organizational Structure
The Hartford is organized into two major operations: Life and Property & Casualty. Within the Life and Property & Casualty operations, The Hartford conducts business principally in eight operating segments. Additionally, Corporate primarily includes all of the Companys debt financing and related interest expense, as well as certain capital raising and purchase accounting adjustment activities.
Life is organized into four reportable operating segments: Retail Products Group (Retail), Institutional Solutions Group (Institutional), Individual Life and Group Benefits.
Property & Casualty is organized into four reportable operating segments: the underwriting segments of Business Insurance, Personal Lines, and Specialty Commercial (collectively Ongoing Operations); and the Other Operations segment.
For a further description of each operating segment, see Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and Business section included in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Segment Results
The following is a summary of net income for each of the Companys Life segments and aggregate net income for the Companys Property & Casualty operations.
Net Income (Loss) | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Change | ||||||||||
Life
|
||||||||||||
Retail Products Group |
$ | 156 | $ | 107 | 46 | % | ||||||
Institutional Solutions Group |
40 | 28 | 43 | % | ||||||||
Individual Life |
39 | 33 | 18 | % | ||||||||
Group Benefits |
59 | 47 | 26 | % | ||||||||
Other |
(3 | ) | 66 | NM | ||||||||
Total Life |
291 | 281 | 4 | % | ||||||||
Total Property & Casualty |
417 | 341 | 22 | % | ||||||||
Corporate |
(42 | ) | (54 | ) | 22 | % | ||||||
Total net income |
$ | 666 | $ | 568 | 17 | % | ||||||
23
The Property & Casualty segments are evaluated by The Hartfords management primarily based upon underwriting results. Underwriting results represent premiums earned less incurred claims, claim adjustment expenses and underwriting expenses. The sum of underwriting results, net investment income, net realized capital gains and losses, other expenses, and related income taxes is net income (loss). The following is a summary of Property & Casualty underwriting results by segment.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||
Underwriting Results (before-tax) | 2005 | 2004 | Change | |||||||||
Business Insurance |
$ | 118 | $ | 225 | (48 | %) | ||||||
Personal Lines |
127 | 106 | 20 | % | ||||||||
Specialty Commercial |
40 | (110 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Other Operations |
(28 | ) | (65 | ) | 57 | % | ||||||
Total |
$ | 257 | $ | 156 | 65 | % | ||||||
LIFE
Executive Overview
Life has four reportable operating segments: Retail Products Group, Institutional Solutions Group, Individual Life and Group Benefits. The Company provides investment and retirement products such as variable and fixed annuities, mutual funds and retirement plan services and other institutional investment products; structured settlements; private placement life insurance; individual life insurance products including variable universal life, universal life, interest sensitive whole life and term life; and group benefit products, such as group life and group disability insurance.
Life derives its revenues principally from: (a) fee income, including asset management fees, on separate account and mutual fund assets and mortality and expense fees, as well as cost of insurance charges; (b) net investment income on general account assets; (c) fully insured premiums; and (d) certain other fees. Asset management fees and mortality and expense fees are primarily generated from separate account assets, which are deposited with the Company through the sale of variable annuity and variable universal life products and from mutual funds. Cost of insurance charges are assessed on the net amount at risk for investment-oriented life insurance products. Premium revenues are derived primarily from the sale of group life, group disability and individual term insurance products.
Lifes expenses essentially consist of interest credited to policyholders on general account liabilities, insurance benefits provided, amortization of the deferred policy acquisition costs, expenses related to the selling and servicing the various products offered by the Company, dividends to policyholders, and other general business expenses.
Lifes profitability in its variable annuity, mutual fund and to a lesser extent, variable universal life businesses depends largely on the amount of the contract holder account value or assets under management on which it earns fees and the level of fees charged. Changes in account value or assets under management are driven by two main factors: net flows, which measure the success of the Companys asset gathering and retention efforts and the market return of the funds, which is heavily influenced by the return on the equity markets. Net flows are comprised of new sales and other deposits less surrenders, death benefits, policy charges and annuitizations of investment type contracts, for instance, variable annuity contracts. In the mutual fund business, net flows are known as net sales. Net sales are comprised of new sales less redemptions of mutual fund customers. The Company uses the average daily value of the S&P 500 Index as an indicator for evaluating market returns of the underlying account portfolios in the United States. Relative profitability of variable products is highly correlated to the growth in account values or assets under management since these products generally earn fee income on a daily basis. Thus, a prolonged downturn in the financial markets could reduce revenues and potentially raise the possibility of a charge against deferred policy acquisition costs.
The profitability of Lifes fixed annuities and other spread based products depends largely on its ability to earn target spreads between earned investment rates on its general account assets and interest credited to policyholders. Profitability is also influenced by operating expense management including the benefits of economies of scale in the administration of its United States variable annuity businesses in particular. In addition, the size and persistency of gross profits from these businesses is an important driver of earnings as it affects the rate of amortization of the deferred policy acquisition costs.
Lifes profitability in its individual life insurance and group benefits businesses depends largely on the size of its in force block, the adequacy of product pricing and underwriting discipline, actual mortality and morbidity experience, and the efficiency of its claims and expense management.
Performance Measures
Fee Income
Fee income is largely driven from amounts collected as a result of contractually defined percentages of assets under management on investment type contracts. These fees are generally collected on a daily basis from the contract holders account. For individual life insurance products, fees are contractually defined percentages based on levels of insurance, age, premiums and deposits collected and contract holder account value. Life insurance fees are generally collected on a monthly basis. Therefore, the growth in assets under management either through positive net flows or net sales and favorable equity market performance will have a favorable impact on fee income. Conversely, negative net flows or net sales and unfavorable equity market performance will reduce fee income generated from investment type contracts.
24
As of and For the | ||||||||
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Product/Key Indicator Information | ||||||||
United States Variable Annuities |
||||||||
Account value, beginning of period |
$ | 99,617 | $ | 86,501 | ||||
Net flows |
412 | 2,201 | ||||||
Change in market value |
(1,958 | ) | 1,684 | |||||
Account value, end of period |
$ | 98,071 | $ | 90,386 | ||||
Retail Mutual Funds |
||||||||
Assets under management, beginning of period |
$ | 25,240 | $ | 20,301 | ||||
Net sales |
381 | 1,055 | ||||||
Change in market value and other |
(672 | ) | 532 | |||||
Account value, end of period |
$ | 24,949 | $ | 21,888 | ||||
Individual Life Insurance |
||||||||
Variable universal life account value, end of period |
$ | 5,249 | $ | 4,797 | ||||
Total life insurance inforce |
141,739 | 132,482 | ||||||
S&P500 Index |
||||||||
Period end closing value |
1,181 | 1,126 | ||||||
Daily average value |
1,192 | 1,132 | ||||||
Japan Annuities |
||||||||
Account value, end of period |
$ | 17,615 | $ | 8,119 | ||||
| The increase in assets under management and average account values can be attributed to market appreciation and net flows over the past four quarters, with most of the growth occurring in the fourth quarter of 2004. |
| Net flows and net sales for the U.S. variable annuity and retail mutual fund businesses, respectively, have slowed due to lower sales levels and higher surrender levels. |
| The change in the market value will be volatile based on market conditions. |
| Japan annuity account values continue to grow as a result of new sales, which in the first quarter of 2005 were higher than the U.S. sales levels. |
Net Investment Income and Interest Credited
Certain investment type contracts such as fixed annuities and other spread-based contracts generate deposits that the Company collects and invests to earn investment income. In addition, insurance type contracts such as those sold by the Group Benefits segment collect premiums (discussed below) for protection from losses specified in the particular insurance contract. These deposits and premiums together comprise the majority of the assets of the general account that are invested to generate investment income for the Company. The investment type contracts use this investment income to credit the contract holder an amount of interest specified in the respective contract. As discussed in the overview, the amount of investment income earned in excess of the interest credited to the contract holder is the spread income earned by the Company. For insurance type contracts, net investment income earned during the time that premiums are invested prior to paying claims and expenses supports the profitability of these products.
| Net investment income and interested credited on general account assets in Other decreased due to the mark to market effects of trading account securities supporting the Japanese variable annuity business. |
Premiums
As discussed above, traditional insurance type products collect premiums from policyholders in exchange for financial protection of the policy holder from a specified insurable loss, such as death or disability. These premiums together with net investment income earned from the overall investment strategy are used to pay the contractual obligations under these insurance contracts. Sales impact premium growth and can increase or decrease in a given year based on a number of factors, including but not limited to, customer demand for the Companys product offerings, pricing competition, distribution channels and the Companys reputation and ratings. A majority of sales correspond with the open enrollment periods of employers benefit plans, typically January 1 or July 1.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Group Benefits Segment | ||||||||
Earned premiums and other consideration |
$ | 948 | $ | 915 | ||||
Fully insured ongoing sales (excluding buyouts) |
376 | 341 | ||||||
| Earned premiums for the first quarter of 2005 included $25 in buyout premiums compared to $0 in the prior year comparable quarter. |
25
Expenses
There are three major categories for expenses. The first category of expenses is benefits and claims. These include the costs of mortality and morbidity, particularly in the Group Benefits segment and mortality in the individual life businesses, as well as other contract holder benefits to policyholders. In addition, traditional insurance type products generally use a loss ratio which is expressed as the amount of benefits incurred during a particular period divided by earned premiums and other considerations, as a key indicator of underwriting performance. The Group Benefits segment occasionally buys a block of claims for a stated premium amount. The Company excludes this buyout from the loss ratio used for evaluating the underwriting results of the ongoing business as buyouts may distort the loss ratio.
The second major category is insurance operating costs and expenses, which is commonly expressed as a percentage of revenue. The third category is the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and the present value of future profits, which is typically expressed as a percentage of pretax income before the cost of this amortization. The individual annuity business within the Retail Products Group segment accounts for the majority of the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of future profits for Life.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Retail Products Group | ||||||||
Insurance expenses, net of deferrals |
$ | 206 | $ | 175 | ||||
Expense ratio, annualized (individual annuity) |
17.8 | bps | 18.5 | bps | ||||
DAC amortization ratio (individual annuity) |
50.0 | % | 51.4 | % | ||||
Individual Life |
||||||||
Death benefits |
$ | 66 | $ | 67 | ||||
Insurance expenses, net of deferrals |
$ | 40 | $ | 40 | ||||
Group Benefits |
||||||||
Total benefits and claims |
$ | 722 | $ | 684 | ||||
Loss ratio (excluding buyout premiums) |
75.5 | % | 74.8 | % | ||||
Insurance expenses, net of deferrals and amortization |
$ | 244 | $ | 257 | ||||
Expense ratio, annualized (excluding buyout premiums) |
26.4 | % | 28.1 | % | ||||
| Retail Products Groups expense ratios continue to benefit from the Companys economies of scale in the variable annuity business. |
| Group Benefits total benefits and claims includes $25 of reserve change related to the first quarter 2005 premium buyout. |
| The Group Benefits segment has a block of financial institution business that is experience rated. Under the terms of this business the loss experience will inversely affect the commission expenses incurred. |
Profitability
Management evaluates the rates of return various businesses can provide as a way of determining where additional capital is invested to increase net income and shareholder returns. Specifically, because of the importance of its individual annuity products, Life uses the return on assets for the individual annuity business for evaluating profitability. In Group Benefits, after tax margin is a key indicator of overall profitability.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Ratios | ||||||||
Retail Products Group |
||||||||
Individual annuity return on assets |
50.2 | bps | 36.9 | bps | ||||
Group Benefits |
||||||||
After-tax margin |
6.4 | % | 5.1 | % | ||||
| Return on assets increased from prior year due to higher income as a result of market appreciation and growth in the assets under management. |
| The improvement in the Group Benefits after-tax margin was primarily due to higher net investment income and a favorable expense ratio compared to 2004. |
26
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Change | ||||||||||
Operating Summary | ||||||||||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 999 | $ | 995 | | |||||||
Fee income |
950 | 825 | 15 | % | ||||||||
Net investment income [1] |
950 | 1,162 | (18 | %) | ||||||||
Other revenues |
| | | |||||||||
Net realized capital gains (losses) |
81 | 76 | 7 | % | ||||||||
Total revenues |
2,980 | 3,058 | (3 | %) | ||||||||
Benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses [1] |
1,739 | 1,877 | (7 | %) | ||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and present value of
future profits |
280 | 233 | 20 | % | ||||||||
Insurance operating costs and other expenses |
577 | 527 | 9 | % | ||||||||
Total benefits, claims and expenses |
2,596 | 2,637 | (2 | %) | ||||||||
Income before income taxes and cumulative effect of accounting change |
384 | 421 | (9 | %) | ||||||||
Income tax expense |
93 | 117 | (21 | %) | ||||||||
Income before cumulative effect of accounting change |
291 | 304 | (4 | %) | ||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax [2] |
| (23 | ) | 100 | % | |||||||
Net income |
$ | 291 | $ | 281 | 4 | % | ||||||
[1] | Includes impact of mark to market effects of trading securities supporting the Japanese variable annuity business, which are classified in net investment income and corresponding amounts credited to policyholders within benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses. | |||
[2] | For the quarter ended March 31, 2004, represents the cumulative impact of the Companys adoption of SOP 03-1. |
Lifes net income increased due primarily to business growth in all of its segments. Net income in the Retail segment increased 46%, principally driven by higher fee income from growth in the variable annuity and mutual fund businesses as a result of increasing assets under management. The Institutional segment contributed higher earnings due to first quarter 2005 surrender activity in the leveraged block of the private placement life insurance business, as well as favorable mortality experience and higher investment spreads in the institutional business. Net income in the Group Benefits segment increased primarily due to higher net investment income and a favorable expense ratio compared to 2004. Additionally, net income was higher for Individual Life and the international operations. The increase in Individual Life earnings was primarily driven by growth in account values and life insurance inforce. Net income for the international operations, which is included in the other category, increased over the prior year primarily driven by the increase in assets under management of the Japan annuity business and net after-tax realized gains. Japans assets under management have grown to $17.6 billion at March 31, 2005 from $8.1 billion at March 31, 2004. The Company recorded a charge of $66, in Other, to establish a reserve for regulatory matters during the first quarter of 2005, which partially offset the increases in net income.
27
RETAIL PRODUCTS GROUP
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||
Operating Summary | 2005 | 2004 | Change | |||||||||
Fee income and other |
$ | 580 | $ | 506 | 15 | % | ||||||
Earned premiums |
(14 | ) | (14 | ) | | |||||||
Net investment income |
265 | 272 | (3 | %) | ||||||||
Net realized capital gains (losses) |
6 | (1 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total revenues |
837 | 763 | 10 | % | ||||||||
Benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
247 | 257 | (4 | %) | ||||||||
Insurance operating costs and other expenses |
206 | 175 | 18 | % | ||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and
present value
of future profits |
187 | 167 | 12 | % | ||||||||
Total benefits, claims and expenses |
640 | 599 | 7 | % | ||||||||
Income before income taxes and cumulative effect of
accounting change |
197 | 164 | 20 | % | ||||||||
Income tax expense |
41 | 38 | 8 | % | ||||||||
Income before cumulative effect of accounting change |
156 | 126 | 24 | % | ||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax [1] |
| (19 | ) | 100 | % | |||||||
Net income |
$ | 156 | $ | 107 | 46 | % | ||||||
Assets Under Management |
||||||||||||
Individual variable annuity account values |
$ | 98,071 | $ | 90,386 | 9 | % | ||||||
Individual fixed annuity and other account values |
10,946 | 11,312 | (3 | %) | ||||||||
Other retail products account values |
7,280 | 5,230 | 39 | % | ||||||||
Total account values [2] |
116,297 | 106,928 | 9 | % | ||||||||
Retail mutual fund assets under management |
24,949 | 21,888 | 14 | % | ||||||||
Other mutual fund assets under management |
1,461 | 1,089 | 34 | % | ||||||||
Total mutual fund assets under management |
26,410 | 22,977 | 15 | % | ||||||||
Total assets under management |
$ | 142,707 | $ | 129,905 | 10 | % | ||||||
[1] | For the three months ended March 31, 2004, represents the cumulative impact of the Companys adoption of SOP 03-1. | |||
[2] | Includes policyholder balances for investment contracts and reserves for future policy benefits for insurance contracts. |
Net income in the Retail segment increased, principally driven by higher fee income from growth in the assets under management in virtually all businesses of the segment and the cumulative effect of accounting change from the Companys adoption of SOP 03-1 recognized in the first quarter of 2004. Fee income generated by the variable annuity operation increased as average account values were higher in the first quarter of 2005 compared to the prior period. The increase in average account values can be attributed to market appreciation of $4.0 billion over the past four quarters, with most of the growth occurring in the fourth quarter of 2004, and approximately $3.7 billion of net flows over the past four quarters. Another contributing factor to the increase in fee income was the mutual fund and 401(k) businesses. Retail mutual fund assets under management increased 14% principally due to net sales of $1.8 billion and market appreciation of $1.3 billion during the past four quarters. In addition, 401(k) assets under management grew 37% to $7.1 billion as a result of favorable net flows and market conditions. In addition, the fixed annuity business contributed higher net income, excluding the cumulative effects of accounting change in 2004, due to improved investment spreads from the market value adjusted (MVA) products. A consequence of the positive earnings drivers discussed above was higher DAC amortization costs due to higher gross profits.
28
INSTITUTIONAL SOLUTIONS GROUP
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||
Operating Summary | 2005 | 2004 | Change | |||||||||
Fee income and other |
$ | 67 | $ | 74 | (9 | %) | ||||||
Earned premiums |
84 | 109 | (23 | %) | ||||||||
Net investment income |
273 | 257 | 6 | % | ||||||||
Net realized capital gains |
| 2 | (100 | %) | ||||||||
Total revenues |
424 | 442 | (4 | %) | ||||||||
Benefits, claims and claims adjustment expenses |
316 | 355 | (11 | %) | ||||||||
Insurance operating costs and other expenses |
26 | 25 | 4 | % | ||||||||
Dividends to policyholders |
17 | 12 | 42 | % | ||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and
present value
of future profits |
9 | 9 | | |||||||||
Total benefits, claims and expenses |
368 | 401 | (8 | %) | ||||||||
Income before income taxes and cumulative effect of
accounting change |
56 | 41 | 37 | % | ||||||||
Income tax expense |
16 | 12 | 33 | % | ||||||||
Income before cumulative effect of accounting change |
40 | 29 | 38 | % | ||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax [1] |
| (1 | ) | 100 | % | |||||||
Net income |
$ | 40 | $ | 28 | 43 | % | ||||||
Assets Under Management |
||||||||||||
Institutional account values |
$ | 15,497 | $ | 12,941 | 20 | % | ||||||
Governmental account values |
9,882 | 9,243 | 7 | % | ||||||||
Private Placement Life Insurance account values: |
||||||||||||
Variable Products |
22,641 | 21,305 | 6 | % | ||||||||
Leveraged COLI |
1,957 | 2,537 | (23 | %) | ||||||||
Total Private Placement Life Insurance account values [2] |
24,598 | 23,842 | 3 | % | ||||||||
Mutual fund assets under management |
1,553 | 1,246 | 25 | % | ||||||||
Total assets under management |
$ | 51,530 | $ | 47,272 | 9 | % | ||||||
[1] | For the three months ended March 31, 2004, represents the cumulative impact of the Companys adoption of SOP 03-1. | |||
[2] | Includes policyholder balances for investment contracts and reserves for future policy benefits for insurance contracts. |
Net income in the Institutional segment increased, principally driven by higher earnings in the private placement life insurance business (PPLI) combined with a favorable after-tax mortality gain of $3 and improved investment spreads in the institutional business. The PPLI business contributed higher earnings due primarily to surrender activity of $572 in account value associated with the leveraged COLI product. This increase in surrenders resulted in the recognition of an after-tax deferred gain of $6 in the first quarter of 2005 that was recognized in benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses. In addition, PPLI reported higher earnings due to favorable mortality experience in the first quarter of 2005. The institutional business earned higher investment spreads due to the growth in average account values within the institutional businesses as a result of positive net flows that were largely attributable to increased sales levels for the funding agreement backed investor notes program. Partially offsetting these increases to net income was lower fee income due to the leveraged COLI product surrender activity discussed above.
29
INDIVIDUAL LIFE
Operating Summary
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Change | ||||||||||
Fee income and other |
$ | 195 | $ | 186 | 5 | % | ||||||
Earned premiums |
(8 | ) | (5 | ) | (60 | %) | ||||||
Net investment income |
75 | 73 | 3 | % | ||||||||
Total revenues |
262 | 254 | 3 | % | ||||||||
Benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
120 | 125 | (4 | %) | ||||||||
Insurance operating costs and other expenses |
40 | 40 | | |||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs and present
value of future profits |
45 | 39 | 15 | % | ||||||||
Total benefits, claims and expenses |
205 | 204 | | |||||||||
Income before income taxes and cumulative effect of
accounting change |
57 | 50 | 14 | % | ||||||||
Income tax expense |
18 | 16 | 13 | % | ||||||||
Income before cumulative effect of accounting change |
39 | 34 | 15 | % | ||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of tax [1] |
| (1 | ) | 100 | % | |||||||
Net income |
$ | 39 | $ | 33 | 18 | % | ||||||
Account Values |
||||||||||||
Variable universal life insurance |
$ | 5,249 | $ | 4,797 | 9 | % | ||||||
Universal life/interest sensitive whole life |
3,452 | 3,297 | 5 | % | ||||||||
Modified guaranteed life and other |
728 | 742 | (2 | %) | ||||||||
Total account values |
$ | 9,429 | $ | 8,836 | 7 | % | ||||||
Life Insurance Inforce |
||||||||||||
Variable universal life insurance |
$ | 69,442 | $ | 67,101 | 3 | % | ||||||
Universal life/interest sensitive whole life |
39,349 | 38,532 | 2 | % | ||||||||
Modified guaranteed life and other |
32,948 | 26,849 | 23 | % | ||||||||
Total life insurance inforce |
$ | 141,739 | $ | 132,482 | 7 | % | ||||||
[1] | For the three months ended March 31, 2004, represents the cumulative impact of the Companys adoption of SOP 03-1. |
Net income in the Individual Life segment increased due to revenue growth from 7% increases in both life insurance inforce and account value, while claims and expenses remained stable. Fee income included increased cost of insurance charges of $4 and other fee income of $3. These were primarily driven by business growth and aging in the variable universal, universal, and interest sensitive whole life insurance inforce. Variable fee income, also a component of fee income, grew $2 as favorable equity markets and sales added 9% to the variable universal life account value. Investment income grew with the increase in general account assets from continued sales of general account products. Partially offsetting these positive earnings drivers was higher amortization of deferred acquisitions costs as a result of higher gross margins.
GROUP BENEFITS
Operating Summary
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Change | ||||||||||
Earned premiums and other |
$ | 948 | $ | 915 | 4 | % | ||||||
Net investment income |
98 | 89 | 10 | % | ||||||||
Total revenues |
1,046 | 1,004 | 4 | % | ||||||||
Benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
722 | 684 | 6 | % | ||||||||
Insurance operating costs and other expenses |
237 | 252 | (6 | %) | ||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition
costs and present value
of future profits |
7 | 5 | 40 | % | ||||||||
Total benefits, claims and expenses |
966 | 941 | 3 | % | ||||||||
Income before income taxes |
80 | 63 | 27 | % | ||||||||
Income tax expense |
21 | 16 | 31 | % | ||||||||
Net income |
$ | 59 | $ | 47 | 26 | % | ||||||
Earned Premiums and Other |
||||||||||||
Fully insured ongoing premiums |
$ | 912 | $ | 905 | 1 | % | ||||||
Buyout premiums |
25 | | | |||||||||
Other |
11 | 10 | 10 | % | ||||||||
Total earned premiums and other |
$ | 948 | $ | 915 | 4 | % | ||||||
30
Net income in the Group Benefits segment increased primarily due to higher net investment income and a favorable expense ratio compared to 2004. The segments ratio of insurance operating costs and other expenses to premiums and other considerations (excluding buyouts) decreased to 26%, from 28% in 2004, which contributed favorably to net income. The segment has a block of financial institution business that is experience rated. Under the terms of this business the loss experience will inversely effect the commission expenses incurred. The decrease in commissions for the quarter compared to the prior year period was primarily attributed to the experience rated financial institution business. The segments loss ratio (defined as benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses as a percentage of premiums and other considerations excluding buyouts) was 76%, up from 75% in first quarter 2004. This increase was due to an increase in the loss ratio of the experience rated financial institution business and less favorable disability morbidity.
PROPERTY & CASUALTY
Executive Overview
Property & Casualty is organized into four reportable operating segments: the underwriting segments of Business Insurance, Personal Lines and Specialty Commercial (collectively Ongoing Operations); and the Other Operations segment. Within Ongoing Operations, Business Insurance and Specialty Commercial provide a number of coverages, as well as insurance related services, to businesses throughout the United States, including workers compensation, property, automobile, liability, umbrella, specialty casualty, marine, agriculture, fidelity and surety bonds, professional liability and directors and officers liability coverages. Personal Lines provides automobile, homeowners and home-based business coverage to individuals throughout the United States. Through its Other Operations segment, Property & Casualty is responsible for managing operations of The Hartford that have discontinued writing new or renewal business as well as managing the claims related to asbestos and environmental exposures.
Profitability, including underwriting profitability, and earned premium growth are primary objectives for the Property & Casualty company.
Profitability
The profitability of Property & Casualty underwriting segments is evaluated by The Hartfords management primarily based upon underwriting results. Underwriting results is a before-tax measure that represents earned premiums less incurred claims, claim adjustment expenses and underwriting expenses. Underwriting results within Ongoing Operations are influenced significantly by earned premium growth and the adequacy of the Companys pricing. Underwriting profitability over time is also greatly influenced by the Companys underwriting discipline which seeks to manage exposure to loss through favorable risk selection and diversification and by its ability to manage its expense ratio which it accomplishes through economies of scale and its management of acquisition costs and other underwriting expenses. Furthermore, catastrophe losses and prior accident year loss development are unpredictable and can result in significant volatility in underwriting results. The underwriting loss in Other Operations principally relates to prior accident year loss development.
In addition to after-tax underwriting results for each segment, net income for Property & Casualty includes the after-tax impacts of the income from servicing businesses, other expenses, net investment income and net realized capital gains (losses). The investment return, or yield, on Property & Casualtys invested assets is also an important element of the Companys earnings since premiums received are invested for a period of time before loss and loss adjustment expenses are paid.
The following is a reconciliation of underwriting results to net income.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Underwriting results |
$ | 257 | $ | 156 | ||||
Servicing and other income |
13 | 9 | ||||||
Net investment income |
337 | 311 | ||||||
Other expenses |
(60 | ) | (68 | ) | ||||
Net realized capital gains |
48 | 71 | ||||||
Income tax expense |
(178 | ) | (138 | ) | ||||
Net income |
$ | 417 | $ | 341 | ||||
Highlights of 1st quarter 2005 profitability compared to 1st quarter of 2004:
| Net income grew $76, or 22%, driven primarily by improved underwriting results and increased investment income, partially offset by a decrease in net realized capital gains. | |||
| Total Property & Casualty underwriting results improved $101, or 65%, due to earned premium growth, continued favorable property claim frequency for accident year 2005 and the impact of prior accident year premium and loss adjustments recorded in the first quarter of 2004. |
31
| The underwriting results in the first quarter of 2004 included reserve strengthening of $190 for construction defects claims, reserve strengthening of $130 for assumed casualty reinsurance and a $90 decrease in earned premium on retrospectively rated policies, partially offset by a $395 release of September 11 reserves. | |||
| Before considering the $90 earned premium reduction for retrospectively rated policies in the first quarter of 2004, the combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year loss development for Ongoing Operations improved from 89.0 in the first quarter of 2004 to 87.1 in the first quarter of 2005. | |||
| Investment income grew $26, or 8%, primarily as a result of increased cash flows from underwriting and an increase in income from limited partnership investments. | |||
| Net realized capital gains decreased by $23 due to lower net realized gains on the sale of fixed maturity investments. |
Earned premium growth
In addition to profitability, earned premium growth is an objective for Business Insurance and Personal Lines. Earned premium growth is not a specific objective for Specialty Commercial since Specialty Commercial is comprised of transactional businesses where premium writings may fluctuate based on perceived market opportunity. Written premiums are earned over the policy term, which is six months for certain Personal Lines business and 12 months for substantially all of the remainder of the Companys business. New business growth and premium renewal retention, which include the impact of written pricing increases (decreases), are factors that contribute to growth in written and earned premium.
The following table presents earned premiums by underwriting segment.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
Earned premiums | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Business Insurance |
$ | 1,150 | $ | 1,018 | ||||
Personal Lines |
889 | 835 | ||||||
Specialty Commercial |
465 | 321 | ||||||
Other Operations |
3 | 12 | ||||||
Total Property & Casualty earned premiums |
$ | 2,507 | $ | 2,186 | ||||
Highlights of 1st quarter 2005 earned premiums compared to 1st quarter of 2004:
| Earned premiums grew $321, or 15%, including growth in all three segments of Ongoing Operations. | |||
| Business Insurance and Personal Lines earned premiums grew 13% and 6%, respectively, as a result of new business growth outpacing non-renewals and, to a lesser extent, earned pricing increases. | |||
| Business Insurance earned premium growth of $132, or 13%, was driven by growth of 19% in small commercial business and 8% in middle market business. The growth in small commercial was generated from new business and renewals in both the Select traditional and Select Xpand products and the growth in middle market was generated primarily from growth in workers compensation business written in 2004. | |||
| Personal Lines earned premium growth of $54, or 6%, was driven by both Agency and AARP business, partially offset by earned premium reductions in Omni and Other Affinity business. | |||
| Specialty Commercial earned premium grew $144, or 45%, largely because of the $90 earned premium reduction in the first quarter of 2004 and because of earned premium growth of $38 from policies on a single alternative markets insured program that will expire before the end of 2005. |
Outlook
Due to continued favorable non-catastrophe property claim frequency in Business Insurance and Personal Lines, earned pricing increases have equaled or exceeded increases in loss costs through the first quarter of 2005. Favorable property claim frequency, however, may not continue over the remainder of 2005. Furthermore, earned pricing is expected to be less favorable over the remainder of the year given that written pricing increases in Personal Lines and small commercial have been declining and written pricing changes in middle market business have turned slightly negative. Nevertheless, for the remainder of 2005, management expects continued earned premium growth due to new business outpacing non-renewals, particularly in small commercial within Business Insurance and in Personal Lines. Furthermore, management expects continued growth in underwriting results in 2005 over 2004 due to the earned premium growth and favorable combined ratios, subject to the level of catastrophe losses and prior accident year loss development, which cannot be predicted.
32
Unless otherwise specified, the following discussion speaks to changes in the first quarter of 2005 as compared to the first quarter of 2004.
Property & Casualty Operating Summary
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Change | ||||||||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 2,507 | $ | 2,186 | 15 | % | ||||||
Net investment income |
337 | 311 | 8 | % | ||||||||
Other revenues [1] |
112 | 104 | 8 | % | ||||||||
Net realized capital gains |
48 | 71 | (32 | %) | ||||||||
Total revenues |
3,004 | 2,672 | 12 | % | ||||||||
Benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
||||||||||||
Current year |
1,580 | 1,469 | 8 | % | ||||||||
Prior year |
34 | (51 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
1,614 | 1,418 | 14 | % | ||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
492 | 446 | 10 | % | ||||||||
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
144 | 166 | (13 | %) | ||||||||
Other expenses |
159 | 163 | (2 | %) | ||||||||
Total benefits, claims and expenses |
2,409 | 2,193 | 10 | % | ||||||||
Income before income taxes |
595 | 479 | 24 | % | ||||||||
Income tax expense |
178 | 138 | 29 | % | ||||||||
Net income [2] |
$ | 417 | $ | 341 | 22 | % | ||||||
Ongoing Operations Underwriting Ratios [3] |
||||||||||||
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
||||||||||||
Current year |
63.1 | 66.8 | 3.7 | |||||||||
Prior year |
0.2 | (4.5 | ) | (4.7 | ) | |||||||
Total loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
63.3 | 62.2 | (1.1 | ) | ||||||||
Expense ratio |
25.1 | 27.3 | 2.2 | |||||||||
Policyholder dividend ratio |
0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | |||||||||
Combined ratio |
88.6 | 89.8 | 1.2 | |||||||||
Catastrophe ratio |
1.9 | (12.2 | ) | (14.1 | ) | |||||||
Combined ratio before catastrophes |
86.8 | 102.0 | 15.2 | |||||||||
Combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development |
87.1 | 92.7 | 5.6 | |||||||||
Underwriting Results |
||||||||||||
Ongoing Operations |
$ | 285 | $ | 221 | 29 | % | ||||||
Other Operations |
(28 | ) | (65 | ) | 57 | % | ||||||
Total Property & Casualty underwriting results |
$ | 257 | $ | 156 | 65 | % | ||||||
[1] | Represents servicing revenue. | |
[2] | Includes net realized capital gains, after-tax, of $31 and $47 for the months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. | |
[3] | Ratios exclude Other Operations. |
Total revenues
Total revenues for Property & Casualty increased $332, or 12%, for the quarter ended March 31, 2005. The increase was primarily due to earned premium growth of $321 and an increase in investment income of $26, partially offset by a decrease in net realized capital gains of $23.
| Earned premiums grew in all segments due to new business growth, strong renewal retention and, to a lesser extent, earned pricing increases in Business Insurance and Personal Lines. Also contributing to the increase was a $90 decrease in earned premium on retrospectively rated policies recorded in the first quarter of 2004. | |||
| The increase in investment income is primarily driven by an increase in underwriting cash flow and an increase in income from limited partnership investments. | |||
| The decrease in net realized capital gains is principally due to lower net realized gains on the sale of fixed maturity investments |
Net income
Net income increased $76, or 22%, for the three months ended March 31, 2005, principally from the following activity:
| A $42 after-tax increase in Ongoing Operations underwriting results derived from earned premium growth at a combined ratio less than 100.0 as well as from a 1.2 point improvement in the combined ratio, from 89.8 to 88.6. |
33
| A $24 after-tax increase in Other Operations underwriting results as a result of a decrease in prior accident year loss development. 2004 first quarter prior accident year development for Other Operations included before-tax reserve strengthening of $130 for assumed casualty reinsurance, partially offset by a before tax reserve release of $97 for September 11. | |||
| The $19 after-tax increase in net investment income, partially offset by the $16 after-tax decrease in net realized capital gains. |
Ongoing Operations before-tax underwriting results increased by $64, with a corresponding 1.2 point improvement in the combined ratio, driven by factors both increasing and decreasing the results.
Factors improving Ongoing Operations underwriting results and combined ratio
| The $90 before-tax decrease in earned premium on retrospectively rated policies in Specialty Commercial recorded in the first quarter of 2004, | |||
| A $74 improvement resulting from earned premium growth at a combined ratio less than 100.0 as well as from a decrease in the combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development, and | |||
| A $30 before-tax reserve release for allocated loss adjustment expenses in the first quarter of 2005. |
Partially offsetting these improvements were factors decreasing underwriting results and increasing the combined ratio
| First quarter 2005 reserve strengthening of $19, before-tax, and reinstatement premium of $9, before-tax, related to the 2004 third quarter hurricanes, and | |||
| Net favorable reserve development of $99 in the first quarter of 2004, including a before-tax reserve release of $298 for September 11, partially offset by before-tax reserve strengthening of $190 for construction defects claims. |
Before considering the 2004 earned premium adjustment, the combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development decreased from 89.0 to 87.1, due to a 1.0 point improvement in the current accident year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio and a 1.1 point improvement in the expense ratio. The improvement in the current accident year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio was due, in part, to continued favorable property claim frequency in Business Insurance and Personal Lines. Contributing to the improvement in the expense ratio was a reduction in contingent commissions due, in part, to a decision made by some agents and brokers not to accept contingent commissions after the third quarter of 2004.
Ratios
For a detailed discussion of the Companys ratios see the Property & Casualty Executive Overview section of the MD&A included in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Premium Measures
Written premium, a non-GAAP measure, is a statutory accounting financial measure which represents the amount of premiums charged for policies issued, net of reinsurance, during a fiscal period. Earned premium is a GAAP and statutory measure. Premiums are considered earned and are included in the financial results on a pro rata basis over the policy period. Management believes that written premium is a performance measure that is useful to investors as it reflects current trends in the Companys sale of property and casualty insurance products, as compared to earned premium. For a further discussion of the Companys premium measures, see the Property & Casualty Executive Overview section of the MD&A included in The Hartfords 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Reserves
Reserving for property and casualty losses is an estimation process. As additional experience and other relevant claim data become available, reserve levels are adjusted accordingly. Such adjustments of reserves related to claims incurred in prior years are a natural occurrence in the loss reserving process and are referred to as reserve development. Reserve development that increases previous estimates of ultimate cost is called reserve strengthening. Reserve development that decreases previous estimates of ultimate cost is called reserve releases. Reserve development can influence the comparability of year over year underwriting results and is set forth in the paragraphs and tables that follow. The prior accident year development in the following table represents the ratio of reserve development to earned premiums. For a detailed discussion of the Companys reserve policies, see Notes 1, 11 and 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and the Critical Accounting Estimates section of the MD&A included in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Based on the results of the quarterly reserve review process, the Company determines the appropriate reserve adjustments, if any, to record. Recorded reserve estimates are changed after consideration of numerous factors, including but not limited to, the magnitude of the difference between the actuarial indication and the recorded reserves, improvement or deterioration of actuarial indications in the period, the maturity of the accident year, trends observed over the recent past and the level of volatility within a particular line of business. In general, changes are made more quickly to more mature accident years and less volatile lines of business. For information regarding reserving for asbestos and environmental claims within Other Operations, refer to the Other Operations segment discussion.
34
A rollforward of liabilities for unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2005 for Property & Casualty follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Business | Personal | Specialty | Ongoing | Other | ||||||||||||||||||||
Insurance | Lines | Commercial | Operations | Operations | Total P&C | |||||||||||||||||||
Beginning liabilities for unpaid
claims and claim adjustment
expenses-gross |
$ | 6,057 | $ | 2,000 | $ | 5,519 | $ | 13,576 | $ | 7,753 | $ | 21,329 | ||||||||||||
Reinsurance and other recoverables |
474 | 190 | 2,091 | 2,755 | 2,383 | 5,138 | ||||||||||||||||||
Beginning liabilities for unpaid
claims and claim adjustment
expenses-net |
5,583 | 1,810 | 3,428 | 10,821 | 5,370 | 16,191 | ||||||||||||||||||
Add provision for unpaid claims and
claim adjustment expenses |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current year |
689 | 577 | 314 | 1,580 | | 1,580 | ||||||||||||||||||
Prior year |
8 | (11 | ) | 9 | 6 | 28 | 34 | |||||||||||||||||
Total provision for unpaid claims and
claim adjustment expenses |
697 | 566 | 323 | 1,586 | 28 | 1,614 | ||||||||||||||||||
Less payments |
(521 | ) | (543 | ) | (272 | ) | (1,336 | ) | (246 | ) | (1,582 | ) | ||||||||||||
Ending liabilities for unpaid claims
and claim adjustment expenses-net |
5,759 | 1,833 | 3,479 | 11,071 | 5,152 | 16,223 | ||||||||||||||||||
Reinsurance and other recoverables |
516 | 178 | 2,115 | 2,809 | 2,269 | 5,078 | ||||||||||||||||||
Ending liabilities for unpaid claims
and claim adjustment expenses-gross |
$ | 6,275 | $ | 2,011 | $ | 5,594 | $ | 13,880 | $ | 7,421 | $ | 21,301 | ||||||||||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 1,150 | $ | 889 | $ | 465 | $ | 2,504 | $ | 3 | $ | 2,507 | ||||||||||||
Loss and loss expense paid ratio [1] |
45.3 | 61.4 | 58.5 | 53.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Loss and loss expense incurred ratio |
60.7 | 63.7 | 69.1 | 63.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Prior accident year development (pts.) |
0.7 | (1.2 | ) | 1.9 | 0.2 | |||||||||||||||||||
[1] | The loss and loss expense paid ratio represents the ratio of paid claims and claim adjustment expenses to earned premiums. |
Ongoing Operations
During the quarter ended March 31, 2005, the Company revised its estimate of the ultimate cost of allocated loss adjustment expenses, largely on accident year 2003, for both Personal Lines and Business Insurance. This revision resulted in a reserve release of $30 ($20 in Personal Lines and $10 in Business Insurance). The reduction in reserve estimates for allocated loss adjustment expenses were largely the result of cost reduction initiatives implemented by the Company to reduce allocated loss adjustment expense, for both legal and non-legal expenses. Also during the first quarter of 2005, the Company increased its estimate of the reserve for loss and loss adjustment expenses related to the third quarter 2004 hurricanes by a total of $19, including $10 in Business Insurance, $8 in Personal Lines and $1 in Specialty Commercial. The main drivers of the increase were late-reported claims for condominium assessments and continued increases in the costs of building materials and contracting services. The Company also recorded prior year development of $10 from its participation in a number of involuntary pools.
Other Operations
As part of the Companys ongoing practices of continually monitoring its reserve position, in the first quarter 2005, the Company reviewed certain of its domestic assumed reinsurance reserves. As a result, the Company increased its domestic assumed reinsurance reserves by $12.
Reinsurance Recoverables
Refer to the MD&A in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report for an explanation of Property & Casualtys reinsurance recoverables.
35
BUSINESS INSURANCE
Underwriting Summary
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Change | ||||||||||
Written premiums |
$ | 1,238 | $ | 1,136 | 9 | % | ||||||
Change in unearned premium reserve |
88 | 118 | (25 | %) | ||||||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 1,150 | $ | 1,018 | 13 | % | ||||||
Benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
||||||||||||
Current year |
689 | 626 | 10 | % | ||||||||
Prior year |
8 | (147 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
697 | 479 | 46 | % | ||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
280 | 255 | 10 | % | ||||||||
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
55 | 59 | (7 | %) | ||||||||
Underwriting results |
$ | 118 | $ | 225 | (48 | %) | ||||||
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
||||||||||||
Current year |
60.0 | 61.6 | 1.6 | |||||||||
Prior year |
0.7 | (14.5 | ) | (15.2 | ) | |||||||
Total loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
60.7 | 47.1 | (13.6 | ) | ||||||||
Expense ratio |
28.9 | 30.3 | 1.4 | |||||||||
Policyholder dividend ratio |
0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | |||||||||
Combined ratio |
89.8 | 77.9 | (11.9 | ) | ||||||||
Catastrophe ratio |
1.5 | (15.4 | ) | (16.9 | ) | |||||||
Combined ratio before catastrophes |
88.2 | 93.4 | 5.2 | |||||||||
Combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development |
88.3 | 90.3 | 2.0 | |||||||||
Premium Breakdown
Written Premiums [1] | Earned Premiums [1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, | March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Change | 2005 | 2004 | Change | |||||||||||||||||||
Small Commercial |
$ | 658 | $ | 560 | 18 | % | $ | 572 | $ | 481 | 19 | % | ||||||||||||
Middle Market |
580 | 576 | 1 | % | 578 | 537 | 8 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 1,238 | $ | 1,136 | 9 | % | $ | 1,150 | $ | 1,018 | 13 | % | ||||||||||||
[1] | The difference between written premiums and earned premiums is attributable to the change in unearned premium reserve. |
Earned Premiums
Earned premiums for the segment increased $132, or 13%, primarily due to new business growth outpacing non-renewals for both small commercial and middle market and earned pricing increases in small commercial.
| Growth in small commercial was driven by growth in 2004 and the first quarter of 2005 for Select Xpand and traditional Select, primarily from Spectrum package business and workers compensation. | |||
| Growth in middle market earned premium was driven by new business growth in 2004, particularly for workers compensation. |
In the first quarter of 2005, earned pricing increased 5% for small commercial and decreased 1% for middle market. As substantially all premiums in the segment are earned over a 12 month policy period, earned pricing changes in the first quarter of 2005 reflect written pricing changes in 2004 and the first quarter of 2005.
| Written pricing for small commercial increased 5% over the last 9 months of 2004 and 4% in the first quarter of 2005. | |||
| Written pricing for middle market decreased by 1% over the last 9 months of 2004 and 3% in the first quarter of 2005. |
Written premiums
Written premium for the segment increased $102, or 9%, due primarily to new business growth outpacing non-renewals in small commercial.
| New business written premium for small commercial increased by $30 due to growth in all lines of business except Select auto. Growth in Select Xpand was $16, or 53%, of the increase in new business written premium for small commercial. | |||
| New business written premium for middle market decreased $25 due to written pricing decreases and greater competition. | |||
| Premium renewal retention for small commercial increased from 87% to 89%, despite slightly lower written pricing increases. |
36
| Premium renewal retention for middle market decreased slightly to 80% due to a decrease in retention on larger accounts, and lower written pricing, partially offset by stronger retention on smaller accounts. |
Underwriting results and ratios
Prior accident year development, including catastrophe loss development, affects the comparison of the loss and loss adjustment expense ratio, the combined ratio and the catastrophe ratio. Underwriting results decreased $107, with a corresponding 11.9 point increase in the combined ratio. The net decrease in underwriting results was principally driven by the following factors:
Factors decreasing underwriting results
| A $175 release of September 11 reserves in the first quarter of 2004, and | |||
| A $10 strengthening of third quarter 2004 hurricane reserves in the first quarter of 2005. |
Partially offsetting these reductions were factors improving underwriting results
| A $36 improvement resulting from earned premium growth at a combined ratio less than 100.00 as well as from a decrease in the combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development of 2.0 points, from 90.3 to 88.3, | |||
| A $23 increase in reserves for construction defects claims in the first quarter of 2004, | |||
| A $12 decrease in current accident year catastrophe losses, and | |||
| A $10 release of reserve for allocated loss adjustment expenses in the first quarter of 2005. |
The 2.0 point improvement in the combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development was due primarily to an $11 reduction in contingent commissions and favorable property claim frequency and severity, partially offset by the impact on earned premium of a decline in earned pricing increases for small commercial and a decrease in earned pricing for middle market. The $11 reduction in 2004 contingent commissions was due, in part, to a decision made by some agents and brokers not to accept contingent commissions after the third quarter of 2004.
PERSONAL LINES
Underwriting Summary
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Change | ||||||||||
Written premiums |
$ | 864 | $ | 836 | 3 | % | ||||||
Change in unearned premium reserve |
(25 | ) | 1 | NM | ||||||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 889 | $ | 835 | 6 | % | ||||||
Benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
||||||||||||
Current year |
577 | 533 | 8 | % | ||||||||
Prior year |
(11 | ) | 1 | NM | ||||||||
Total benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
566 | 534 | 6 | % | ||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
143 | 125 | 14 | % | ||||||||
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
53 | 70 | (24 | %) | ||||||||
Underwriting results |
$ | 127 | $ | 106 | 20 | % | ||||||
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
||||||||||||
Current year |
65.0 | 64.0 | (1.0 | ) | ||||||||
Prior year |
(1.2 | ) | 0.1 | 1.3 | ||||||||
Total loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
63.7 | 64.1 | 0.4 | |||||||||
Expense ratio |
22.0 | 23.3 | 1.3 | |||||||||
Combined ratio |
85.8 | 87.4 | 1.6 | |||||||||
Catastrophe ratio |
2.5 | 0.8 | (1.7 | ) | ||||||||
Combined ratio before catastrophes |
83.3 | 86.6 | 3.3 | |||||||||
Combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development |
85.0 | 86.1 | 1.1 | |||||||||
Other revenues [1] |
$ | 30 | $ | 29 | 3 | % | ||||||
Policies in force |
3,541,673 | 3,414,646 | 4 | % | ||||||||
[1] | Represents servicing revenue. |
37
Written Premiums [1] | Earned Premiums [1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, | March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Change | 2005 | 2004 | Change | |||||||||||||||||||
Business Unit |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
AARP |
$ | 550 | $ | 523 | 5 | % | $ | 560 | $ | 520 | 8 | % | ||||||||||||
Other Affinity |
29 | 34 | (15 | %) | 31 | 36 | (14 | %) | ||||||||||||||||
Agency |
232 | 210 | 10 | % | 242 | 215 | 13 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Omni |
53 | 69 | (23 | %) | 56 | 64 | (13 | %) | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 864 | $ | 836 | 3 | % | $ | 889 | $ | 835 | 6 | % | ||||||||||||
Product Line |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Automobile |
$ | 672 | $ | 649 | 4 | % | $ | 674 | $ | 633 | 6 | % | ||||||||||||
Homeowners |
192 | 187 | 3 | % | 215 | 202 | 6 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 864 | $ | 836 | 3 | % | $ | 889 | $ | 835 | 6 | % | ||||||||||||
Combined Ratios |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Automobile |
89.6 | 90.1 | 0.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Homeowners |
73.7 | 78.7 | 5.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
85.8 | 87.4 | 1.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
[1] | The difference between written premiums and earned premiums is attributable to the change in unearned premium reserve. |
Earned premiums
Earned premiums increased $54, or 6%, due to growth in both AARP and Agency, partially offset by a reduction in Other Affinity and Omni and $6 of additional catastrophe treaty reinstatement premium related to the third quarter 2004 hurricanes. AARP and Agency earned premium increased $40 and $27, respectively, primarily because of earned pricing increases and new business growth exceeding non-renewals over the previous 6 to 12 months.
| Agency earned premium grew, in part, because of continued growth of the Dimensions automobile and homeowners class plans started in 2004, which allows the Company to write a broader class of risks. | |||
| AARP earned premium reflects growth in the size of the AARP target market and direct marketing programs to increase premium writings, particularly in auto. | |||
| Omni earned premium decreased, because of a strategic decision by management to focus on more profitable non-standard auto business. |
Earned pricing increases for automobile of 2% in the first quarter of 2005 are down from 6% in the first quarter of 2004. Likewise, earned pricing increases for homeowners of 7% in the first quarter of 2005 are down from 13% in the first quarter of 2004. The moderation in earned pricing increases in the first quarter of 2005 are a reflection of a decline in written pricing increases over the previous 6 to 12 months.
| Written pricing increases for automobile declined from 2% over the last 9 months of 2004 to being flat in the first quarter of 2005 | |||
| Written pricing increases for homeowners declined from 7% over the last 9 months of 2004 to 5% in the first quarter of 2005. |
Written premiums
Written premium for the segment increased by $28, or 3%, due to new business written premium outpacing non-renewals, including the impact of written pricing increases in homeowners. In addition, homeowners written premium included the effect of automatic increases in the amount of insurance coverage to adjust for construction cost inflation. New business written premium decreased slightly to $135 from $136 in the first quarter 2004, primarily due to a decrease in new business written premium in Omni of $15, partially offset by an increase in new business written premium in AARP auto of $11 and Agency and AARP homeowners of $4.
Premium renewal retention for automobile decreased slightly from 88% during the first quarter 2004 to 87% during the first quarter 2005, driven partly by the impact of declining written pricing. Premium renewal retention for homeowners decreased from 101% during the first quarter of 2004 to 94% during the first quarter of 2005 also due to declining written pricing increases.
Policies in force
The number of policies in force has increased in auto and homeowners from 2,091,532 and 1,323,114, respectively, as of March 31, 2004 to 2,186,702 and 1,354,971, respectively, as of March 31, 2005. The growth in policies in force does not correspond directly with the growth in earned premiums due to the impact of earned pricing changes and because policy in force counts are as of a point in time rather than over a period of time.
38
| Most of the growth in auto policies in force was generated by AARP and Agency, partially offset by reductions in Omni and Other Affinity. New business policies for AARP auto are up 17% as a result of increased marketing to AARP customers. The increase in new business auto policies for Agency is due to the new Dimensions auto class plan, which was rolled out to an additional two states in the first quarter of 2005, bringing the total number of states to 39. | |||
| Most of the growth in homeowners business was generated by Agency, due to the new Dimensions homeowners class plan, which has been rolled out to an additional three states during the first quarter of 2005, bringing the total number of states to 31. |
Underwriting results and ratios
Prior accident year loss development, including catastrophe loss development, and reinstatement premium affect the comparison of the loss and loss adjustment expense ratio, the combined ratio and the catastrophe ratio. Underwriting results increased $21, or 20%, with a corresponding decrease in the combined ratio to 85.8. The net increase in underwriting results was principally driven by the following factors:
Factors increasing underwriting results
| A $20 reduction in prior accident year reserves related to allocated loss adjustment expenses, and | |||
| A $17 improvement resulting from earned premium growth at a combined ratio less than 100.0 as well as from a decrease in the combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development of 1.1 points, from 86.1 to 85.0. |
Partially offsetting these reductions were factors decreasing underwriting results
| A $9, or 0.8 point, increase in current accident year catastrophe losses. Catastrophe losses in the first quarter of 2004 were unusually low, and | |||
| An $8 increase in prior accident year catastrophe loss reserves and $6 of additional reinstatement premium for the third quarter 2004 hurricanes. |
The 1.1 point improvement in the combined ratio before catastrophes and prior year development was due primarily to a 1.3 point reduction in the expense ratio, largely driven by earned premium growth. The current accident year loss and loss adjustment expense ratio increased 1.0 point due primarily to the increase in current accident year catastrophe losses. An increase in severity for homeowers and automobile claims was largely offset by a decrease in frequency in homeowners claims.
SPECIALTY COMMERCIAL
Underwriting Summary
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Change | ||||||||||
Written premiums |
$ | 477 | $ | 426 | 12 | % | ||||||
Change in unearned premium reserve |
12 | 105 | (89 | %) | ||||||||
Earned premiums |
$ | 465 | $ | 321 | 45 | % | ||||||
Benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
||||||||||||
Current year |
314 | 293 | 7 | % | ||||||||
Prior year |
9 | 47 | (81 | %) | ||||||||
Total benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
323 | 340 | (5 | %) | ||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
69 | 61 | 13 | % | ||||||||
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
33 | 30 | 10 | % | ||||||||
Underwriting results |
$ | 40 | $ | (110 | ) | NM | ||||||
Loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
||||||||||||
Current year |
67.1 | 90.3 | 23.2 | |||||||||
Prior year |
1.9 | 14.9 | 13.0 | |||||||||
Total loss and loss adjustment expense ratio |
69.1 | 105.2 | 36.1 | |||||||||
Expense ratio |
21.9 | 28.1 | 6.2 | |||||||||
Policyholder dividend ratio |
0.4 | 0.8 | 0.4 | |||||||||
Combined ratio |
91.3 | 134.1 | 42.8 | |||||||||
Catastrophe ratio |
1.5 | (35.6 | ) | (37.1 | ) | |||||||
Combined ratio before catastrophes |
89.8 | 169.7 | 79.9 | |||||||||
Combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development |
88.0 | 117.5 | 29.5 | |||||||||
Other revenues [1] |
$ | 82 | $ | 74 | 11 | % | ||||||
[1] | Represents servicing revenue. |
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Premium Breakdown
Written Premiums [1] | Earned Premiums [1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, | March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Change | 2005 | 2004 | Change | |||||||||||||||||||
Property |
66 | 83 | (20 | %) | 76 | 87 | (13 | %) | ||||||||||||||||
Casualty |
242 | 192 | 26 | % | 214 | 81 | 164 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Bond |
52 | 48 | 8 | % | 49 | 44 | 11 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Professional Liability |
76 | 78 | (3 | %) | 82 | 82 | | |||||||||||||||||
Other |
41 | 25 | 64 | % | 44 | 27 | 63 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 477 | $ | 426 | 12 | % | $ | 465 | $ | 321 | 45 | % | ||||||||||||
[1] | The difference between written premiums and earned premiums is attributable to the change in unearned premium reserve. |
Earned premiums
Earned premiums for the Specialty Commercial segment grew $144, or 45%, which included increases in casualty, bond and other and a decrease in property.
| Property earned premium decreased $11, or 13%, primarily because of the decline in new business in 2004 and the first quarter of 2005, earned pricing decreases and the decision made in the fourth quarter of 2004 to exit the multi-peril crop insurance (MPCI) business. | |||
| Casualty earned premiums increased $133, primarily because of a $90 decrease in earned premiums under retrospectively-rated policies recorded in the first quarter of 2004. The remainder of the increase is driven by a $38 increase in earned premium on a single alternative markets insured program and by earned pricing increases as a result of written pricing increases in 2004. | |||
| Bond earned premium grew $5, or 11%, due to new business growth and written pricing increases in 2004 and the first quarter of 2005. | |||
| Professional liability earned premium remained flat at $82. | |||
| Within the other category, earned premium increased by $17 due to increased premiums on internal reinsurance programs. |
Written premiums
Written premiums for the Specialty Commercial segment grew $51, or 12%, which included increases in casualty, bond and other, and decreases in property and professional liability.
| Property written premium decreased $17, or 20%, due to a decline in new business growth as well as the impact of exiting the MPCI business, partially offset by an increase in premium renewal retention. | |||
| Casualty written premium increased $50, or 26%, primarily due to a $38 increase in written premium from policies on a single alternative markets insured program that will expire before the end of 2005. Also contributing to the increase in written premium is an increase in premium renewal retention, partially offset by a decrease in new business growth. | |||
| Bond written premium increased $4, or 8%, in the first quarter of 2005, primarily due to new business growth in commercial surety business, an increase in written pricing and a decrease in the portion of risks ceded to outside reinsurers. | |||
| Professional liability written premium remained relatively flat at $76, largely due to a decrease in both written pricing and new business written premium and a decrease in premium renewal retention, partially offset by a decrease in the portion of risks ceded to outside reinsurers. | |||
| Within the other category, written premium increased by $16 due to increased premiums on internal reinsurance programs. |
Underwriting results and ratios
Prior accident year loss development, including catastrophe loss development, and the earned premium adjustment on retrospectively rated policies recorded in the first quarter of 2004 affect the comparison of all of the underwriting ratios. Underwriting results improved $150, with a corresponding 42.8 point improvement in the combined ratio to 91.3. The net increase in underwriting results was primarily driven by the following:
| The $90 decrease in earned premiums under retrospectively rated policies in the first quarter of 2004, and | |||
| A $38 decrease in unfavorable prior accident year loss development from 2004 to 2005. Prior accident year loss development of $47 for the first quarter of 2004 included $167 of reserve strengthening for construction defect claims, a release of $116 in September 11 reserves and strengthening in large deductible workers compensation reserves and a release in other liability reserves, each approximately $150. |
Before considering the 2004 earned premium adjustment, the combined ratio before catastrophes and prior accident year development decreased from 91.7 to 88.0, due to improved current accident year underwriting results. Current accident year underwriting improvement in bond and property was partially offset by a decline in current accident year underwriting results in casualty. Before the impact of the $90 decrease in earned premiums on retrospectively rated policies in 2004, the expense ratio remained flat at 21.9%.
40
OTHER OPERATIONS (INCLUDING ASBESTOS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CLAIMS)
Operating Summary
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Change | ||||||||||
Written premiums |
$ | 2 | $ | (1 | ) | NM | ||||||
Change in unearned premium reserve |
(1 | ) | (13 | ) | 92 | % | ||||||
Earned premiums |
3 | 12 | (75 | %) | ||||||||
Benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
||||||||||||
Current year |
0 | 17 | (100 | %) | ||||||||
Prior year |
28 | 48 | (42 | %) | ||||||||
Total benefits, claims and claim adjustment expenses |
28 | 65 | (57 | %) | ||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs |
0 | 5 | (100 | %) | ||||||||
Insurance operating costs and expenses |
3 | 7 | (57 | %) | ||||||||
Underwriting results |
$ | (28 | ) | $ | (65 | ) | 57 | % | ||||
The Other Operations segment includes operations that are under a single management structure, Heritage Holdings, which is responsible for two related activities. The first activity is the management of certain subsidiaries and operations of the Company that have discontinued writing new business. The second is the management of claims (and the associated reserves) related to asbestos and environmental exposures.
Earned premiums continued to decline in the first quarter of 2005, as a result of the Companys decision to exit from the assumed domestic reinsurance business in the second quarter of 2003. Underwriting losses decreased by $37, primarily due to the impact of the strengthening of reserves in the first quarter of 2004.
Asbestos and Environmental Claims
The Company continues to receive asbestos and environmental claims. Asbestos claims relate primarily to bodily injuries asserted by people who came in contact with asbestos or products containing asbestos. Environmental claims relate primarily to pollution and related clean up costs.
The Company wrote several different categories of insurance contracts that may cover asbestos and environmental claims. First, The Hartford wrote primary policies providing the first layer of coverage in an insureds liability program. Second, the Company wrote excess policies providing higher layers of coverage for losses that exhaust the limits of underlying coverage. Third, the Company acted as a reinsurer assuming a portion of risks previously assumed by other insurers writing primary, excess and reinsurance coverages. Fourth, the Company participated in the London Market, writing both direct insurance and assumed reinsurance business.
With regard to both environmental and particularly asbestos claims, significant uncertainty limits the ability of insurers and reinsurers to estimate the ultimate reserves necessary for unpaid losses and related expenses. Traditional actuarial reserving techniques cannot reasonably estimate the ultimate cost of these claims, particularly during periods where theories of law are in flux. The degree of variability of reserve estimates for these exposures is significantly greater than for other more traditional exposures. In particular, the Company believes there is a high degree of uncertainty inherent in the estimation of asbestos loss reserves.
In the case of the reserves for asbestos exposures, factors contributing to the high degree of uncertainty include inadequate loss development patterns, plaintiffs expanding theories of liability, the risks inherent in major litigation, and inconsistent emerging legal doctrines. Furthermore, over time, insurers, including the Company, have experienced significant changes in the rate at which asbestos claims are brought, the claims experience of particular insureds, and the value of claims, making predictions of future exposure from past experience uncertain. For example, in the past few years, insurers in general, including the Company, have experienced an increase in the number of asbestos-related claims due to, among other things, plaintiffs increased focus on new and previously peripheral defendants and an increase in the number of insureds seeking bankruptcy protection as a result of asbestos-related liabilities. Plaintiffs and insureds have sought to use bankruptcy proceedings, including pre-packaged bankruptcies, to accelerate and increase loss payments by insurers. In addition, some policyholders have asserted new classes of claims for so-called non-products coverages to which an aggregate limit of liability may not apply. Further uncertainties include insolvencies of other carriers and unanticipated developments pertaining to the Companys ability to recover reinsurance for asbestos and environmental claims. Management believes these issues are not likely to be resolved in the near future.
In the case of the reserves for environmental exposures, factors contributing to the high degree of uncertainty include expanding theories of liability and damages; the risks inherent in major litigation; inconsistent decisions concerning the existence and scope of coverage for environmental claims; and uncertainty as to the monetary amount being sought by the claimant from the insured.
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It is also not possible to predict changes in the legal and legislative environment and their impact on the future development of asbestos and environmental claims. It is unknown whether potential Federal asbestos-related legislation will be enacted or what its effect would be on the Companys aggregate asbestos liabilities.
The reporting pattern for assumed reinsurance claims, including those related to asbestos and environmental claims, is much longer than for direct claims. In many instances, it takes months or years to determine that the policyholders own obligations have been met and how the reinsurance in question may apply to such claims. The delay in reporting reinsurance claims and exposures adds to the uncertainty of estimating the related reserves.
Given the factors and emerging trends described above, the Company believes the actuarial tools and other techniques it employs to estimate the ultimate cost of claims for more traditional kinds of insurance exposure are less precise in estimating reserves for its asbestos and environmental exposures. For this reason, the Company relies on exposure-based analysis to estimate the ultimate costs of these claims and regularly evaluates new information in assessing its potential asbestos and environmental exposures.
Reserve Activity
Reserves and reserve activity in the Other Operations segment are categorized and reported as asbestos, environmental, or all other activity. The all other category of reserves covers a wide range of insurance and assumed reinsurance coverages, including, but not limited to, potential liability for breast implants, construction defects, lead paint, silica, pharmaceutical products, molestation and other long-tail or late emerging liabilities.
As a part of the Companys ongoing practices of continually monitoring its reserve position, in the first quarter 2005, the Company reviewed certain of its domestic assumed reinsurance reserves. As a result, the Company increased its domestic assumed reinsurance reserves by $12.
Consistent with the Companys long-standing reserving practices, the Company will continue to review and monitor its reserves in the Other Operations segment regularly and, where future developments indicate, make appropriate adjustments to the reserves. For a discussion of the Companys reserving practices, please see the Critical Accounting EstimatesReserves and Other Operations (Including Asbestos and Environmental Claims)Asbestos and Environmental ClaimsReserve Activity sections of Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the Companys 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The loss reserving assumptions, drawn from both industry data and the Companys experience, have been applied over time to all of this business and have resulted in reserve strengthening or reserve releases at various times over the past decade. The Company believes that its current asbestos and environmental reserves are reasonable and appropriate. However, analyses of future developments could cause the Company to change its estimates and ranges of its asbestos and environmental reserves, and the effect of these changes could be material to the Companys consolidated operating results, financial condition and liquidity.
Currently, the Company is performing its regular comprehensive review of its asbestos liabilities and assumed reinsurance to be completed in the second quarter of 2005 and expects to perform its regular comprehensive review of its environmental liabilities in the third quarter of 2005. In addition, the Company currently expects to perform a regular comprehensive review of Other Operations reinsurance recoverables in the second quarter of 2005. If there are significant developments that affect particular exposures, reinsurance arrangements or the financial condition of particular reinsurers, the Company will make adjustments in the portion of liabilities it expects to cede or in its allowance for uncollectible reinsurance.
The following table presents reserve activity, inclusive of estimates for both reported and incurred but not reported claims, net of reinsurance, for Other Operations, categorized by asbestos, environmental and all other claims, for the three months ended March 31, 2005.
Other Operations Claims and Claim Adjustment Expenses
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 | Asbestos | Environmental | All Other [1] | Total | ||||||||||||
Beginning liability net [2] [3] |
$ | 2,471 | $ | 385 | $ | 2,514 | $ | 5,370 | ||||||||
Claims and claim adjustment expenses incurred |
9 | | 19 | 28 | ||||||||||||
Claims and claim adjustment expenses paid |
(94 | ) | (29 | ) | (123 | ) | (246 | ) | ||||||||
Ending liability net [2] [3] |
$ | 2,386[4] | $ | 356 | $ | 2,410 | $ | 5,152 | ||||||||
[1] | All Other includes unallocated loss adjustment expense reserves and the allowance for uncollectible reinsurance. | |
[2] | Excludes asbestos and environmental liabilities reported in Ongoing Operations of $11 and $8, respectively, as of March 31, 2005 and $13 and $9, respectively as of December 31, 2004. Total net claim and claim adjustment expenses incurred in Ongoing Operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2005 includes $3 related to environmental claims. Total net claim and claim adjustment expenses paid in Ongoing Operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2005 includes $2 and $4, respectively, related to asbestos and environmental claims. | |
[3] | Gross of reinsurance, asbestos and environmental reserves, including liabilities in Ongoing Operations, were $4,138 and $475, respectively, as of March 31, 2005 and $4,322 and $501, respectively, as of December 31, 2004. | |
[4] | The one year and average three year net paid amounts for asbestos claims, including Ongoing Operations, are $207 and $1,572, respectively, resulting in a one year net survival ratio of 11.6 (12.9 excluding the MacArthur payments) and a three year net survival ratio of 4.6 (13.5 excluding the MacArthur payments). Net survival ratio is the quotient of the net carried reserves divided by the average annual payment amount and is an indication of the number of years that the net carried reserve would last (i.e. survive) if the future annual claim payments were consistent with the calculated historical average. |
42
The Company classifies its asbestos and environmental reserves into three categories: direct insurance; assumed reinsurance and London Market. Direct insurance includes primary and excess coverage. Assumed Reinsurance includes both treaty reinsurance (covering broad categories of claims or blocks of business) and facultative reinsurance (covering specific risks or individual policies of primary or excess insurance companies). London Market business includes the business written by one or more of The Hartfords subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, which are no longer active in the insurance or reinsurance business. Such business includes both direct insurance and assumed reinsurance.
Of these three categories, direct policies tend to have the greatest factual developments from which to estimate the Companys exposures. Over the last three years, including the current reporting period, the Company experienced a reduction in newly reported environmental claims on direct business, and actual claim payments have been made at levels within the Companys previously established provisions for loss. However, with respect to asbestos claims, the Company experienced a variety of negative trends, including increasing numbers of policyholders making claims, an apparent increase in the number of claimants under such policies, and an accelerated rate of policyholder bankruptcies.
Assumed reinsurance exposures are inherently less predictable than direct insurance exposures because the Company may not receive notice of a reinsurance claim until the underlying direct insurance claim is mature. This causes a delay in the receipt of information at the reinsurer level reflecting changes in the asbestos tort litigation and direct insurance coverage environments.
Estimating liabilities for London Market business is the most uncertain of the three categories of claims (direct, assumed reinsurance and London Market). As a participant in the London Market (comprised of both Lloyds of London and London Company Markets), the Company wrote business on a subscription basis, with the Companys involvement being limited to a relatively small percentage of a total contract placement. Claims are reported, via a broker, to the lead underwriter and, once agreed to, are presented to the following markets for concurrence. This reporting and claim agreement process makes estimating liabilities for this business the most uncertain of the three categories of claims.
The following table sets forth, for the quarter ended March 31, 2005, paid and incurred loss activity by the three categories of claims for asbestos and environmental.
Other Operations Paid and Incurred Loss and Loss Adjustment Expense (LAE) Development Asbestos
and Environmental
Asbestos [1] | Environmental[1] | |||||||||||||||
Paid | Incurred | Paid | Incurred | |||||||||||||
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 | Loss & LAE | Loss & LAE | Loss & LAE | Loss & LAE | ||||||||||||
Gross |
||||||||||||||||
Direct |
$ | 150 | $ | 4 | $ | 18 | $ | | ||||||||
Assumed Domestic |
8 | | 5 | | ||||||||||||
London Market |
28 | | 2 | | ||||||||||||
Total |
186 | 4 | 25 | | ||||||||||||
Ceded |
(92 | ) | 5 | 4 | | |||||||||||
Net |
$ | 94 | $ | 9 | $ | 29 | $ | | ||||||||
[1] | Excludes asbestos and environmental paid and incurred loss and LAE reported in Ongoing Operations. Total gross loss and LAE incurred in Ongoing Operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2005 includes $5 and $3, respectively, related to asbestos and environmental claims. Total gross loss and LAE paid in Ongoing Operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2005 includes $7 and $4, respectively, related to asbestos and environmental claims. |
INVESTMENTS
General
The Hartfords investment portfolios are primarily divided between Life and Property & Casualty. The investment portfolios of Life and Property & Casualty are managed by Hartford Investment Management Company (HIM), a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Hartford. HIM manages the portfolios to maximize economic value, while attempting to generate the income necessary to support the Companys various product obligations, within internally established objectives, guidelines and risk tolerances. (For a further discussion of how HIM manages the investment portfolios, see the Investments section of the MD&A under the General section in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report. Also, for a further discussion of how the investment portfolios credit and market risks are assessed and managed, see the Investment Credit Risk and Capital Markets Risk Management sections that follow.)
Return on general account invested assets is an important element of The Hartfords financial results. Significant fluctuations in the fixed income or equity markets could weaken the Companys financial condition or its results of operations. Additionally, changes in market interest rates may impact the period of time over which certain investments, such as mortgage-backed securities, are repaid and whether certain investments are called by the issuers. Such changes may, in turn, impact the yield on these investments and also may result in reinvestment of funds received from calls and prepayments at rates below the average portfolio yield. Net investment income and net realized capital gains and losses accounted for approximately 24% and 28% of the Companys consolidated revenues for the first quarter ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
43
Fluctuations in interest rates affect the Companys return on, and the fair value of, general account fixed maturity investments, which comprised approximately 78% and 80% of the fair value of its invested assets as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively. Other events beyond the Companys control could also adversely impact the fair value of these investments. Specifically, a downgrade of an issuers credit rating or default of payment by an issuer could reduce the Companys investment return.
A decrease in the fair value of any investment that is deemed other-than-temporary would result in the Companys recognition of a net realized capital loss in its financial results prior to the actual sale of the investment. (For a further discussion of the evaluation of other-than-temporary impairments, see the Critical Accounting Estimates section of the MD&A under Valuation of Investments and Derivative Instruments and Evaluation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments section in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.)
Life
The primary investment objective of Lifes general account is to maximize economic value consistent with acceptable risk parameters, including the management of the interest rate sensitivity of invested assets, while generating sufficient after-tax income to meet policyholder and corporate obligations.
The following table identifies Lifes invested assets by type as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
Composition of Invested Assets | |||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
Amount | Percent | Amount | Percent | ||||||||||||||
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value |
$ | 50,877 | 71.7 | % | $ | 50,531 | 73.5 | % | |||||||||
Equity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value |
662 | 0.9 | % | 525 | 0.8 | % | |||||||||||
Equity securities, held for trading, at fair value |
15,855 | 22.3 | % | 13,634 | 19.8 | % | |||||||||||
Policy loans, at outstanding balance |
2,119 | 3.0 | % | 2,662 | 3.9 | % | |||||||||||
Mortgage loans, at cost |
979 | 1.4 | % | 923 | 1.3 | % | |||||||||||
Limited partnerships, at fair value |
273 | 0.4 | % | 256 | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||
Other investments |
207 | 0.3 | % | 185 | 0.3 | % | |||||||||||
Total investments |
$ | 70,972 | 100.0 | % | $ | 68,716 | 100.0 | % | |||||||||
Fixed maturity investments increased $346 since December 31, 2004, primarily the result of positive operating cash flow, partially offset by a decrease in fair value due to an increase in interest rates. Equity securities held for trading increased $2,221 since December 31, 2004, due to positive cash flow primarily generated from sales and deposits related to variable annuity products sold in Japan and positive performance of the underlying investment funds supporting the Japanese variable annuity product. Policy loans decreased $543 since December 31, 2004, as a result of certain policy loan surrenders.
Investment Results
The following table summarizes Lifes investment results.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
(before-tax) | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Net investment income excluding income on policy loans and trading securities |
$ | 693 | $ | 661 | ||||
Policy loan income |
36 | 45 | ||||||
Trading securities income [1] |
221 | 456 | ||||||
Net investment income total |
$ | 950 | $ | 1,162 | ||||
Yield on average invested assets [2] |
5.6 | % | 5.7 | % | ||||
Gross gains on sale |
$ | 98 | $ | 100 | ||||
Gross losses on sale |
(48 | ) | (18 | ) | ||||
Impairments |
(1 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||
GMWB derivatives, net |
7 | (2 | ) | |||||
Other, net [3] |
25 | 4 | ||||||
Net realized capital gains |
$ | 81 | $ | 76 | ||||
[1] | Represents the change in value of securities classified as trading. | |
[2] | Represents annualized net investment income (excluding the change in fair value of trading securities) divided by the monthly weighted average invested assets at cost or amortized cost, as applicable, excluding trading securities, the collateral received associated with the securities lending program and consolidated variable interest entity minority interests. | |
[3] | Primarily consists of changes in fair value on non-qualifying derivatives and hedge ineffectiveness on qualifying derivative instruments, foreign currency transaction remeasurements, as well as the amortization of deferred acquisition costs related to realized capital gains. |
For the first quarter ended March 31, 2005, net investment income, excluding income on policy loans and trading securities, increased $32, or 5%, compared to the prior year period. The increase in net investment income was primarily due to income earned on a higher average invested assets base, as compared to the respective prior year period. The increase in the average invested assets base, as compared to the prior year period, was primarily due to positive operating cash flows, investment contract sales such as retail and
44
institutional notes, and universal life product sales such as individual fixed annuity products sold in Japan. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in the yield on average invested assets.
Net investment income on trading securities of $221 during the first quarter ended March 31, 2005, was primarily generated by slightly positive performance of the underlying investment funds supporting the Japanese variable annuity product, partially offset by foreign currency depreciation. Net investment income on trading securities of $456 during the first quarter ended March 31, 2004, was primarily generated by the positive performance of the underlying investment funds supporting the Japanese variable annuity product, as well as, foreign currency appreciation in comparison to the U.S. Dollar. The decrease in the first quarter 2005 from the first quarter 2004 is due to the performance of the underlying funds and foreign currency movements.
For the first quarter ended March 31, 2005, the yield on average invested assets decreased slightly from the respective prior year period as a result of new investment purchases at rates below the average portfolio yield due to the continued low interest rate environment and decreased policy loan income. Since the Company invests primarily in long-term fixed rate debt securities, current period changes in long-term interest rates impact the yield on new asset purchases and, therefore, have a gradual impact on the overall portfolio yield. The weighted average yield on new invested asset purchases in the first quarter ended March 31, 2005 of approximately 5.1%, before-tax, continues to be below the average portfolio yield.
Net realized capital gains for the first quarter ended March 31, 2005 increased by $5 compared to the respective prior year period, primarily the result of higher net realized gains on non-qualifying foreign currency derivatives, foreign currency transaction remeasurements and GMWB derivatives, partially offset by lower net realized gains on fixed maturity and equity securities.
Gross gains on sales for the first quarter ended March 31, 2005 were primarily within fixed maturities and were concentrated in the commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS), foreign government and corporate sectors. The CMBS sales resulted from a decision to divest securities that were backed by a single asset due to the currently scheduled expiration of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (TRIA) at the end of 2005. Gains on these sales were realized as a result of an improved credit environment and interest rate declines from the date of purchase. Foreign government securities were sold in the first quarter of 2005, primarily to reduce the foreign currency exposure in the portfolio due to the expected near term volatility of foreign exchange rates. Gains resulted from the depreciation of the U.S. Dollar against foreign currencies and credit spread tightening. Certain lower quality corporate securities that had appreciated in value as a result of an improved corporate credit environment were sold in order to reposition the corporate holdings into higher quality securities.
Gross losses on sales for the first quarter ended March 31, 2005 were primarily within foreign and U.S. government securities, corporate securities and CMBS, with no single security sold at a loss in excess of $5 and an average loss as a percentage of the fixed maturitys amortized cost of less than 2%, which, under the Companys current impairment policy, were deemed to be depressed only to a minor extent.
Gross gains on sales for the first quarter ended March 31, 2004 were primarily from sales of fixed maturity investments in the corporate, foreign government and asset-backed securities (ABS) sectors. The majority of the sales in the corporate and ABS sectors were the result of portfolio rebalancing that resulted in divesting securities that had appreciated in value due to a decline in interest rates and an improved corporate credit environment. Foreign government securities were sold in the first quarter of 2004 primarily to realize gains associated with the decline in value of the U.S. Dollar against foreign currencies.
Gross losses on sales for the first quarter ended March 31, 2004 were primarily within ABS and corporate securities, with no single security sold at a loss in excess of $5 and an average loss as a percentage of the fixed maturitys amortized cost of less than 4%.
Property & Casualty
The investment objective for Property & Casualtys ongoing operations is to maximize economic value while generating after-tax income to meet policyholder and corporate obligations. For Property & Casualtys Other Operations segment, the investment objective is to ensure the full and timely payment of all liabilities. Property & Casualtys investment strategies are developed based on a variety of factors including business needs, regulatory requirements and tax considerations.
The following table identifies Property & Casualtys invested assets by type as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
Composition of Invested Assets | |||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
Amount | Percent | Amount | Percent | ||||||||||||||
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value |
$ | 24,130 | 95.3 | % | $ | 24,410 | 95.6 | % | |||||||||
Equity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value |
427 | 1.7 | % | 307 | 1.2 | % | |||||||||||
Real estate/Mortgage loans, at cost |
198 | 0.8 | % | 253 | 1.0 | % | |||||||||||
Limited partnerships, at fair value |
186 | 0.7 | % | 177 | 0.7 | % | |||||||||||
Other investments |
386 | 1.5 | % | 379 | 1.5 | % | |||||||||||
Total investments |
$ | 25,327 | 100.0 | % | $ | 25,526 | 100.0 | % | |||||||||
45
Fixed maturities decreased $280, or 1%, since December 31, 2004, primarily due to a decrease in the fair value of investments due to an increase in interest rates, partially offset by positive operating cash flow.
Investment Results
The table below summarizes Property & Casualtys investment results.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
(before-tax) | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Net investment income, before-tax |
$ | 337 | $ | 311 | ||||
Net investment income, after-tax [1] |
$ | 251 | $ | 232 | ||||
Yield on average invested assets, before-tax [2] |
5.6 | % | 5.5 | % | ||||
Yield on average invested assets, after-tax [1] [2] |
4.2 | % | 4.1 | % | ||||
Gross gains on sale |
$ | 62 | $ | 72 | ||||
Gross losses on sale |
(19 | ) | (5 | ) | ||||
Impairments |
| (6 | ) | |||||
Other, net [3] |
5 | 10 | ||||||
Net realized capital gains |
$ | 48 | $ | 71 | ||||
[1] | Due to significant holdings in tax-exempt investments, after-tax net investment income and yield are also presented. | |
[2] | Represents annualized net investment income divided by the monthly weighted average invested assets at cost or amortized cost, as applicable, excluding the collateral received associated with the securities lending program. | |
[3] | Primarily consists of changes in fair value on non-qualifying derivatives and hedge ineffectiveness on qualifying derivative instruments and foreign currency transaction remeasurements. |
For the first quarter ended March 31, 2005, before-tax net investment income increased $26, or 8%, and after-tax net investment income increased $19, or 8%, compared to the respective prior year period. The increase in net investment income for the first quarter ended March 31, 2005, was primarily due to income earned on a higher average invested assets base, as well as, higher partnership income as compared to the respective prior year period, partially offset by a decrease in the average new invested asset yield. Partnership income was higher in 2005 primarily due to the realization of large gains associated with certain leveraged buyout and mezzanine funds.
For the first quarter ended March 31, 2005, the yield on average invested assets increased slightly from the respective prior year period as a result of higher partnership income received in the first quarter of 2005, compared to the respective prior year period. New investment purchases, however, continue to be at rates below the average portfolio yield due to the continued low interest rate environment. Since the Company invests primarily in long-term fixed rate debt securities, current period changes in long-term interest rates impact the yield on new asset purchases and, therefore, have a gradual impact on the overall portfolio yield. The weighted average yield on new asset purchases in the first quarter ended March 31, 2005 of approximately 4.8%, before-tax, continues to be below the average portfolio yield.
Net realized capital gains for the first quarter ended March 31, 2005 were lower than the respective prior year period primarily due to lower net realized gains on fixed maturity and equity securities, partially offset by lower other-than-temporary impairments.
Gross gains on sales for the first quarter ended March 31, 2005 were primarily fixed maturities and were predominantly within the foreign government and corporate sectors and were the result of decisions to reposition the portfolio due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates and credit spread tightening in certain sectors. Foreign securities were sold in the first quarter of 2005 primarily to reduce the foreign currency exposure in the portfolio due to the near term volatility in foreign exchange rates. Certain lower quality corporate securities that had appreciated in value as a result of an improved corporate credit environment were sold to reposition the corporate holdings into higher quality securities.
Gross losses on sales for the first quarter ended March 31, 2005 were primarily within corporate, mortgage-backed securities (MBS), and foreign government securities with no single security sold at a loss in excess of $1 and an average loss as a percentage of the fixed maturitys amortized cost of less than 1%, which under the Companys current impairment policy, were deemed to be depressed only to a minor extent.
Gross gains on sales for the first quarter ended March 31, 2004 were primarily from sales of fixed maturity investments in the corporate, foreign government and ABS sectors. The majority of the sales in the corporate and ABS sectors were the result of portfolio rebalancing that resulted in divesting securities that had appreciated in value due to a decline in interest rates and an improved corporate credit environment. Foreign government securities were sold in the first quarter of 2004 primarily to realize gains associated with the decline in value of the U.S. Dollar against foreign currencies.
Gross losses on sales for the first quarter ended March 31, 2004 were primarily within corporate securities, with no single security sold at a loss in excess of $2 and an average loss as a percentage of the fixed maturitys amortized cost of less than 2%.
46
Corporate
The investment objective of Corporate is to manage capital raised through financing activities to support the Life and Property & Casualty operations of the Company and to maximize funds available to support the cost of those financing activities including the payment of interest for Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. (HFSG) issued debt and dividends to shareholders of The Hartford common stock. As of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, Corporate held $208 and $159, respectively, of short-term fixed maturity investments. In addition, Corporate held $1 and $7, respectively, of other investments as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
Other-Than-Temporary Impairments
For the first quarter ended March 31, 2005, total consolidated other-than-temporary impairments were $1, as compared with $14 for the comparable period in 2004.
During the first quarter of 2005 other-than-temporary impairments of $1 were recorded on ABS and primarily resulted from a decline in expected cash flows and deterioration of the underlying collateral. During first quarter of 2004, other-than-temporary impairments were recorded on ABS of $10, corporate securities of $3 and MBS of $1. The other-than-temporary impairments for the first quarter of 2004 were primarily related to the decline in market values of certain previously impaired securities.
The Company believes the favorable other-than-temporary impairments trend will depend on continued strong economic fundamentals, continued positive issuer performance, political stability and collateral performance. Adverse issuer specific circumstances may result in future other-than-temporary impairments. (For further discussion of risk factors associated with portfolio sectors with significant unrealized loss positions, see the risk factor commentary under the Consolidated Total Available-for-Sale Securities with Unrealized Loss Greater than Six Months by Type schedule in the Investment Credit Risk section that follows.)
INVESTMENT CREDIT RISK
The Hartford has established investment credit policies that focus on the credit quality of obligors and counterparties, limit credit concentrations, encourage diversification and require frequent creditworthiness reviews. Investment activity, including setting of policy and defining acceptable risk levels, is subject to regular review and approval by senior management and by the Finance Committee of The Hartfords Board of Directors.
Refer to the Investment Credit Risk section of the MD&A in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report for a description of the Companys objectives, policies and strategies, including the use of derivative instruments.
The Company invests primarily in securities that are rated investment grade, and has established exposure limits, diversification standards and review procedures for all credit risks including borrower, issuer and counterparty. Creditworthiness of specific obligors is determined by an internal credit evaluation supplemented by consideration of external determinants of creditworthiness, typically ratings assigned by nationally recognized ratings agencies. Obligor, asset sector and industry concentrations are subject to established limits and are monitored on a regular basis.
The Hartford is not exposed to any credit concentration risk of a single issuer greater than 10% of the Companys stockholders equity other than certain U.S. government and government agencies.
47
The following table identifies fixed maturity securities by type on a consolidated basis, as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
Consolidated Fixed Maturities by Type | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Percent | Percent | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
of Total | of Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair | Fair | Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair | Fair | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost | Gains | Losses | Value | Value | Cost | Gains | Losses | Value | Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ABS |
$ | 7,439 | $ | 78 | $ | (79 | ) | $ | 7,438 | 9.9 | % | $ | 7,446 | $ | 95 | $ | (72 | ) | $ | 7,469 | 9.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
CMBS |
11,458 | 306 | (124 | ) | 11,640 | 15.5 | % | 11,306 | 475 | (33 | ) | 11,748 | 15.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Collateralized mortgage
obligations (CMOs) |
1,153 | 7 | (5 | ) | 1,155 | 1.5 | % | 1,218 | 12 | (3 | ) | 1,227 | 1.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic industry |
3,056 | 169 | (25 | ) | 3,200 | 4.3 | % | 3,131 | 234 | (9 | ) | 3,356 | 4.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital goods |
2,138 | 147 | (18 | ) | 2,267 | 3.0 | % | 2,033 | 159 | (10 | ) | 2,182 | 2.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer cyclical |
3,447 | 121 | (68 | ) | 3,500 | 4.7 | % | 3,229 | 207 | (13 | ) | 3,423 | 4.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer non-cyclical |
3,500 | 195 | (31 | ) | 3,664 | 4.9 | % | 3,394 | 245 | (12 | ) | 3,627 | 4.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Energy |
1,809 | 128 | (11 | ) | 1,926 | 2.6 | % | 1,770 | 147 | (5 | ) | 1,912 | 2.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial services |
8,909 | 472 | (69 | ) | 9,312 | 12.3 | % | 8,201 | 589 | (33 | ) | 8,757 | 11.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technology and
communications |
4,923 | 339 | (49 | ) | 5,213 | 6.9 | % | 4,940 | 440 | (15 | ) | 5,365 | 7.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transportation |
782 | 41 | (7 | ) | 816 | 1.1 | % | 766 | 52 | (2 | ) | 816 | 1.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Utilities |
3,477 | 263 | (25 | ) | 3,715 | 4.9 | % | 3,361 | 302 | (13 | ) | 3,650 | 4.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other |
1,099 | 47 | (16 | ) | 1,130 | 1.5 | % | 1,001 | 69 | (5 | ) | 1,065 | 1.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Government/Government |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
agencies |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign |
1,519 | 93 | (16 | ) | 1,596 | 2.1 | % | 1,648 | 153 | (5 | ) | 1,796 | 2.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
United States |
1,133 | 24 | (15 | ) | 1,142 | 1.5 | % | 1,116 | 22 | (6 | ) | 1,132 | 1.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MBS - agency |
3,309 | 12 | (29 | ) | 3,292 | 4.4 | % | 2,774 | 29 | (4 | ) | 2,799 | 3.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Municipal |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taxable |
994 | 39 | (11 | ) | 1,022 | 1.4 | % | 919 | 34 | (9 | ) | 944 | 1.3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax-exempt |
9,646 | 598 | (7 | ) | 10,237 | 13.6 | % | 9,670 | 726 | (3 | ) | 10,393 | 13.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Redeemable preferred
stock |
36 | 1 | | 37 | | 36 | 3 | | 39 | 0.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term |
2,913 | | | 2,913 | 3.9 | % | 3,400 | | | 3,400 | 4.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total fixed maturities |
$ | 72,740 | $ | 3,080 | $ | (605 | ) | $ | 75,215 | 100.0 | % | $ | 71,359 | $ | 3,993 | $ | (252 | ) | $ | 75,100 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
The Companys fixed maturity portfolio gross unrealized gains and losses as of March 31, 2005 in comparison to December 31, 2004 were primarily impacted by changes in interest rates and security sales. The Companys fixed maturity gross unrealized gains decreased $913 from December 31, 2004 to March 31, 2005 primarily due to an increase in interest rates and, to a lesser extent, sales of securities in a gain position. The gross unrealized loss amount increased by $353 from December 31, 2004 to March 31, 2005 primarily due to interest rate increases, partially offset by asset sales.
Within the consumer cyclical sector, $26 of the unrealized loss is related to a major automotive manufacturer. In March 2005, this manufacturer revised downward 2005 earnings and cash flow guidance primarily due to sluggish sales, rising employee and retiree benefit costs and their debt service interest burden. Sales of this manufacturers most successful product offerings, SUVs and trucks, have been hurt by rising gasoline prices, market competition and high inventory levels. The manufacturer expects new product offerings emphasizing sedans and mid-sized SUVs to begin to increase sales. Associated with this manufacturer is a financial services unit which provides consumer and wholesale financial products and services, a significant portion of which is to the customers of the manufacturer via automobile loans and lease financing. The financial services unit continues to produce strong operating cash flows. The manufacturer and the financial services unit have substantial liquid resources that should be adequate to fund operations and service debt until the cost structure can be adjusted and sales and margins improve. As of March 31, 2005, The Hartford owns securities of the manufacturer and the financial services unit with an amortized cost of $79 and $134, respectively, that were in a gross unrealized loss position of $11 and $15, respectively. The Hartford continues to monitor these securities in accordance with its impairment policy.
(For further discussion of risk factors associated with sectors with significant unrealized loss positions, see the sector risk factor commentary under the Consolidated Total Available-for-Sale Securities with Unrealized Loss Greater than Six Months by Type schedule in this section of the MD&A.)
Investment sector allocations as a percentage of total fixed maturities have remained materially consistent since December 31, 2004, except for MBS and corporate fixed maturities within the financial services sector. Both MBS and financial service securities increased as a percentage of total fixed maturities since December 31, 2004 as a result of a decision to increase the Companys investment in these asset classes primarily due to their attractive yields and diversification opportunities. Also, HIM continues to overweight, in comparison to the Lehman Aggregate Index, ABS supported by diversified pools of consumer loans (e.g. home equity and auto loans and credit card receivables) and CMBS due to the securities attractive spread levels and underlying asset diversification and quality. In general, CMBS have lower prepayment risk than MBS due to contractual penalties.
48
As of March 31, 2005, 19% of the fixed maturities were invested in private placement securities, including 12% of Rule 144A offerings to qualified institutional buyers. Private placement securities are generally less liquid than public securities. Most of the private placement securities are rated by nationally recognized rating agencies.
At the March 22, 2005 Federal Open Market Committee meeting, the Federal Reserve increased the target federal funds rate by 25 basis points to 2.75%, a 50 basis point increase from year end 2004 levels. The Fed members indicated that the economy continues to grow at a moderate pace, although inflation pressures have increased in recent months and pricing power is more evident. The Company continues to expect the Federal Reserve to raise short-term interest rates at a measured pace until rates approach neutral levels, unless inflationary pressures accelerate, at which time the Fed would likely raise short-term rates in greater increments. The risk of inflation could increase if energy and commodity prices continue to rise, productivity growth slows, U.S. budget or trade deficits continue to rise or the U.S. Dollar continues to devalue in comparison to foreign currencies. Increases in future interest rates may result in lower fixed maturity valuations.
The following table identifies fixed maturities by credit quality on a consolidated basis, as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. The ratings referenced below are based on the ratings of a nationally recognized rating organization or, if not rated, assigned based on the Companys internal analysis of such securities.
Consolidated Fixed Maturities by Credit Quality | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Percent of | Percent of | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized | Total Fair | Amortized | Total Fair | |||||||||||||||||||||
Cost | Fair Value | Value | Cost | Fair Value | Value | |||||||||||||||||||
United States Government/Government agencies |
$ | 5,470 | $ | 5,465 | 7.3 | % | $ | 5,109 | $ | 5,160 | 6.9 | % | ||||||||||||
AAA |
17,735 | 18,246 | 24.3 | % | 17,984 | 18,787 | 25.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||
AA |
8,926 | 9,281 | 12.3 | % | 8,090 | 8,546 | 11.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||
A |
17,029 | 17,937 | 23.8 | % | 16,905 | 18,131 | 24.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||
BBB |
17,830 | 18,492 | 24.6 | % | 16,853 | 17,904 | 23.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||
BB & below |
2,837 | 2,881 | 3.8 | % | 3,018 | 3,172 | 4.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Short-term |
2,913 | 2,913 | 3.9 | % | 3,400 | 3,400 | 4.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Total fixed maturities |
$ | 72,740 | $ | 75,215 | 100.0 | % | $ | 71,359 | $ | 75,100 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||||
As of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, greater than 95% of the fixed maturity portfolio was invested in short-term securities or securities rated investment grade (BBB and above).
As of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the Company held no issuer of a below investment grade (BIG) security with a fair value in excess of 4% of the total fair value for BIG securities. Total BIG securities decreased since December 31, 2004 as a result of decisions to reduce exposure to lower credit quality assets and re-invest in higher quality securities.
The following table presents the Companys unrealized loss aging for total fixed maturity and equity securities classified as available-for-sale on a consolidated basis, as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, by length of time the security was in an unrealized loss position.
Consolidated Unrealized Loss Aging of Total Available-for-Sale Securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized | Fair | Unrealized | Amortized | Fair | Unrealized | |||||||||||||||||||
Cost | Value | Loss | Cost | Value | Loss | |||||||||||||||||||
Three months or less |
$ | 17,055 | $ | 16,779 | $ | (276 | ) | $ | 7,572 | $ | 7,525 | $ | (47 | ) | ||||||||||
Greater than three months to six months |
3,632 | 3,546 | (86 | ) | 573 | 567 | (6 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Greater than six months to nine months |
392 | 385 | (7 | ) | 3,405 | 3,342 | (63 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Greater than nine months to twelve months |
2,559 | 2,467 | (92 | ) | 462 | 445 | (17 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Greater than twelve months |
2,387 | 2,234 | (153 | ) | 2,417 | 2,285 | (132 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 26,025 | $ | 25,411 | $ | (614 | ) | $ | 14,429 | $ | 14,164 | $ | (265 | ) | ||||||||||
The increase in the unrealized loss amount since December 31, 2004 is primarily the result of an increase in interest rates offset in part by asset sales. (For further discussion, see the economic commentary under the Consolidated Fixed Maturities by Type table in this section of the MD&A.)
As a percentage of amortized cost, the average security or fixed maturity unrealized loss at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 was less than 3% and 2%, respectively. As of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, fixed maturities represented $605, or 99%, and $252, or 95%, respectively, of the Companys total unrealized loss associated with securities classified as available-for-sale. There were no fixed maturities as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 with a fair value less than 80% of the securitys amortized cost basis for six continuous months other than certain ABS and CMBS subject to EITF Issue No. 99-20. Other-than-temporary impairments for certain ABS and CMBS are recognized if the fair value of the security, as determined by external pricing sources, is less than its carrying amount and there has been a decrease in the present value of the expected cash flows since the last reporting period. There
49
were no ABS or CMBS included in the table above, as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, for which managements best estimate of future cash flows adversely changed during the reporting period. (For further discussion of the other-than-temporary impairments criteria, see Valuation of Investments and Derivative Instruments and Evaluation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments included in the Critical Accounting Estimates section of the MD&A and in Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements both of which are included in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.)
The Company held no securities of a single issuer that were at an unrealized loss position in excess of 5% of the total unrealized loss amount as of both March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
The total securities classified as available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position for longer than six months by type as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 are presented in the following table.
Consolidated Total Available-for-Sale Securities with Unrealized Loss Greater Than Six Months by Type | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Percent of | Percent of | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized | Fair | Unrealized | Unrealized | Amortized | Fair | Unrealized | Unrealized | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost | Value | Loss | Loss | Cost | Value | Loss | Loss | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
ABS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aircraft lease receivables |
$ | 157 | $ | 108 | $ | (49 | ) | 19.4 | % | $ | 227 | $ | 172 | $ | (55 | ) | 25.9 | % | ||||||||||||||
CDOs |
33 | 32 | (1 | ) | 0.4 | % | 76 | 72 | (4 | ) | 1.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Credit card receivables |
58 | 56 | (2 | ) | 0.8 | % | 88 | 86 | (2 | ) | 0.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other ABS |
436 | 427 | (9 | ) | 3.6 | % | 502 | 496 | (6 | ) | 2.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
CMBS |
806 | 774 | (32 | ) | 12.7 | % | 896 | 878 | (18 | ) | 8.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic industry |
270 | 262 | (8 | ) | 3.2 | % | 355 | 347 | (8 | ) | 3.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer cyclical |
270 | 251 | (19 | ) | 7.5 | % | 277 | 269 | (8 | ) | 3.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer non-cyclical |
385 | 371 | (14 | ) | 5.6 | % | 436 | 425 | (11 | ) | 5.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Financial services |
1,014 | 979 | (35 | ) | 13.9 | % | 1,271 | 1,234 | (37 | ) | 17.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Technology and communications |
325 | 304 | (21 | ) | 8.3 | % | 435 | 421 | (14 | ) | 6.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Utilities |
293 | 280 | (13 | ) | 5.2 | % | 324 | 313 | (11 | ) | 5.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other |
419 | 396 | (23 | ) | 9.1 | % | 484 | 468 | (16 | ) | 7.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other securities |
872 | 846 | (26 | ) | 10.3 | % | 913 | 891 | (22 | ) | 10.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 5,338 | $ | 5,086 | $ | (252 | ) | 100.0 | % | $ | 6,284 | $ | 6,072 | $ | (212 | ) | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||||||
The increase in total unrealized loss greater than six months since December 31, 2004, was primarily driven by an increase in interest rates. With the exception of ABS security types, the majority of the securities in an unrealized loss position for six months or more as of March 31, 2005 were depressed primarily due to interest rate changes from the date of purchase. The sectors with the most significant concentration of unrealized losses were ABS supported by aircraft lease receivables, corporate fixed maturities primarily within the financial services sector, and CMBS. The Companys current view of risk factors relative to these fixed maturity types is as follows:
Aircraft lease receivables The decrease in the unrealized loss position during first quarter 2005 was primarily the result of improving pricing levels for certain issuers in this sector due to increasing aircraft lease rates. Although worldwide travel and aircraft demand has improved, uncertainty surrounding the stability of domestic airlines continues to weigh heavily on these securities. Airline operating costs, including fuel and certain employee benefits costs, continue to adversely impact this sector. Because of the valuation of the underlying collateral, the Company expects to receive principal and interest payments, however, additional price recovery will depend on continued improvement in economic fundamentals, political stability and airline operating performance.
Financial services As of March 31, 2005, the Company held approximately 75 different securities in the financial services sector that had been in an unrealized loss position for greater than six months. Substantially all of these securities are investment grade securities priced at or greater than 90% of amortized cost as of March 31, 2005. These positions are a mixture of fixed and variable rate securities with extended maturity dates, which have been adversely impacted by changes in interest rates after the purchase date. Additional changes in fair value of these securities are primarily dependent on future changes in interest rates.
CMBS The increase in the unrealized loss position during first quarter 2005 was primarily the result of an increase in interest rates. Substantially all of these securities are investment grade securities priced at or greater than 90% of amortized cost as of March 31, 2005. Additional changes in fair value of these securities are primarily dependent on future changes in interest rates.
As part of the Companys ongoing security monitoring process by a committee of investment and accounting professionals, the Company has reviewed its investment portfolio and concluded that there were no additional other-than-temporary impairments as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004. Due to the issuers continued satisfaction of the securities obligations in accordance with their contractual terms and the expectation that they will continue to do so, managements intent and ability to hold these securities, as well as the evaluation of the fundamentals of the issuers financial condition and other objective evidence, the Company believes that the prices of the securities in the sectors identified above were temporarily depressed.
50
The evaluation for other-than-temporary impairments is a quantitative and qualitative process, which is subject to risks and uncertainties in the determination of whether declines in the fair value of investments are other-than-temporary. The risks and uncertainties include changes in general economic conditions, the issuers financial condition or near term recovery prospects and the effects of changes in interest rates. In addition, for securitized financial assets with contractual cash flows (e.g. ABS and CMBS), projections of expected future cash flows may change based upon new information regarding the performance of the underlying collateral. As of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, managements expectation of the discounted future cash flows on these securities was in excess of the associated securities amortized cost. (For further discussion, see Valuation of Investments and Derivative Instruments and Evaluation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments included in the Critical Accounting Estimates section of MD&A and in Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements both of which are included in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.)
The following table presents the Companys unrealized loss aging for BIG and equity securities classified as available-for-sale on a consolidated basis, as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004.
Consolidated Unrealized Loss Aging of Available-for-Sale BIG and Equity Securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized | Fair | Unrealized | Amortized | Fair | Unrealized | |||||||||||||||||||
Cost | Value | Loss | Cost | Value | Loss | |||||||||||||||||||
Three months or less |
$ | 900 | $ | 872 | $ | (28 | ) | $ | 326 | $ | 322 | $ | (4 | ) | ||||||||||
Greater than three months to six months |
66 | 63 | (3 | ) | 33 | 32 | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Greater than six months to nine months |
20 | 18 | (2 | ) | 174 | 165 | (9 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Greater than nine months to twelve months |
133 | 122 | (11 | ) | 81 | 75 | (6 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Greater than twelve months |
304 | 257 | (47 | ) | 285 | 240 | (45 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 1,423 | $ | 1,332 | $ | (91 | ) | $ | 899 | $ | 834 | $ | (65 | ) | ||||||||||
The increase in the BIG and equity security unrealized loss amount for securities classified as available-for-sale from December 31, 2004 to March 31, 2005 was primarily the result of an increase in interest rates and credit spread widening. (For further discussion, see the economic commentary under the Consolidated Fixed Maturities by Type table in this section of the MD&A.)
CAPITAL MARKETS RISK MANAGEMENT
The Hartford has a disciplined approach to managing risks associated with its capital markets and asset/liability management activities. Investment portfolio management is organized to focus investment management expertise on the specific classes of investments, while asset/liability management is the responsibility of a dedicated risk management unit supporting the Life and Property & Casualty operations. Derivative instruments are utilized in compliance with established Company policy and regulatory requirements and are monitored internally and reviewed by senior management.
Market Risk
The Hartford is exposed to market risk, primarily relating to the market price and/or cash flow variability associated with changes in interest rates, market indices or foreign currency exchange rates. The Company analyzes interest rate risk using various models including parametric models that forecast cash flows of the liabilities and the supporting investments, including derivative instruments under various market scenarios. (For further discussion of market risk see the Capital Markets Risk Management section of MD&A in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.) There have been no material changes in market risk exposures from December 31, 2004.
Derivative Instruments
The Hartford utilizes a variety of derivative instruments, including swaps, caps, floors, forwards and exchange traded futures and options, in compliance with Company policy and regulatory requirements designed to achieve one of four Company approved objectives: to hedge risk arising from interest rate, price or currency exchange rate volatility; to manage liquidity; to control transaction costs; or to enter into replication transactions. The Company does not make a market or trade in these instruments for the express purpose of earning short term trading profits. (For further discussion on The Hartfords use of derivative instruments, refer to Note 4 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.)
Lifes Equity Risk
The Companys operations are significantly influenced by changes in the equity markets. The Companys profitability depends largely on the amount of assets under management, which is primarily driven by the level of sales, equity market appreciation and depreciation and the persistency of the in-force block of business. Prolonged and precipitous declines in the equity markets can have a significant impact on the Companys operations, as sales of variable products may decline and surrender activity may increase, as customer sentiment towards the equity market turns negative. Lower assets under management will have a negative impact on the Companys financial results, primarily due to lower fee income related to the Retail Products Group and Institutional Solutions Group and, to a lesser extent, the Individual Life segments, where a heavy concentration of equity linked products are administered and sold. Furthermore, the Company may experience a reduction in profit margins if a significant portion of the assets held in the variable annuity
51
separate accounts move to the general account and the Company is unable to earn an acceptable investment spread, particularly in light of the low interest rate environment and the presence of contractually guaranteed minimum interest credited rates, which for the most part are at a 3% rate.
In addition, prolonged declines in the equity market may also decrease the Companys expectations of future gross profits, which are utilized to determine the amount of DAC to be amortized in a given financial statement period. A significant decrease in the Companys estimated gross profits would require the Company to accelerate the amount of DAC amortization in a given period, potentially causing a material adverse deviation in that periods net income. Although an acceleration of DAC amortization would have a negative impact on the Companys earnings, it would not affect the Companys cash flow or liquidity position.
The Company sells variable annuity contracts that offer one or more benefit guarantees that generally increase with declines in equity markets. As is described in more detail below, the Company manages the equity market risks embedded in these guarantees through reinsurance, product design and hedging programs. The Company believes its ability to manage these equity market risks by these means gives it a competitive advantage; and, in particular, its ability to create innovative product designs that allow the Company to meet identified customer needs while generating manageable amounts of equity market risk. The Companys relative sales and variable annuity market share have generally increased during periods when it has recently introduced new products to the market. In contrast, the Companys relative sales and market share have generally decreased when competitors introduce products that cause an issuer to assume larger amounts of equity and other market risk than the Company is confident it can prudently manage. The Company believes its long-term success in the variable annuity market will continue to be aided by successful innovation in both product design and in equity market risk management and that, in the absence of this innovation, its market share could decline.
The Company sells variable annuity contracts that offer various guaranteed death and income benefits. The Company maintains a liability for the death benefit costs, net of reinsurance, of $146, as of March 31, 2005. Declines in the equity market may increase the Companys net exposure to death benefits under these contracts. The majority of the contracts with the guaranteed death benefit feature are sold by the Retail Products Group segment. For certain guaranteed death benefits, The Hartford pays the greater of (1) the account value at death; (2) the sum of all premium payments less prior withdrawals; or (3) the maximum anniversary value of the contract, plus any premium payments since the contract anniversary, minus any withdrawals following the contract anniversary. For certain guaranteed death benefits sold with variable annuity contracts beginning in June 2003, the Retail Products Group segment pays the greater of (1) the account value at death; or (2) the maximum anniversary value; not to exceed the account value plus the greater of (a) 25% of premium payments, or (b) 25% of the maximum anniversary value of the contract. The Company currently reinsures a significant portion of these death benefit guarantees associated with its in-force block of business.
The Companys total gross exposure (i.e. before reinsurance) to these guaranteed death benefits as of March 31, 2005 is $8.9 billion. Due to the fact that approximately 80% of this amount is reinsured, the Companys net exposure is $1.8 billion. This amount is often referred to as the retained net amount at risk. However, the Company will incur these guaranteed death benefit payments in the future only if the policyholder has an in-the-money guaranteed death benefit at their time of death.
In addition, the Company offers certain variable annuity products with a GMWB rider. Declines in the equity market may increase the Companys exposure to benefits under the GMWB contracts. For all contracts in effect through July 6, 2003, the Company entered into a reinsurance arrangement to offset its exposure to the GMWB for the remaining lives of those contracts. As of July 6, 2003, the Company exhausted all but a small portion of the reinsurance capacity for new business under the current arrangement and will be ceding only a very small number of new contracts subsequent to July 6, 2003. Substantially all new contracts with the GMWB are not covered by reinsurance. These unreinsured contracts are expected to generate volatility in net income as the underlying embedded derivative liabilities are recorded at fair value each reporting period, resulting in the recognition of net realized capital gains or losses in response to changes in certain critical factors including capital market conditions and policyholder behavior. In order to minimize the volatility associated with the unreinsured GMWB liabilities, the Company established an alternative risk management strategy. During the third quarter of 2003, the Company began hedging its unreinsured GMWB exposure using interest rate futures, Standard and Poors (S&P) 500 and NASDAQ index put options and futures contracts. During the first quarter of 2004, the Company entered into Europe, Australasia and Far East (EAFE) Index swaps to hedge GMWB exposure to international equity markets. The hedging program involves a detailed monitoring of policyholder behavior and capital markets conditions on a daily basis and rebalancing of the hedge position as needed. While the Company actively manages this hedge position, hedge ineffectiveness may result due to factors including, but not limited to, policyholder behavior, capital markets dislocation or discontinuity and divergence between the performance of the underlying funds and the hedging indices.
The net impact of the change in value of the embedded derivative net of the results of the hedging program was a $12 gain before deferred policy acquisition costs and tax effects for the quarter ended March 31, 2005. As of March 31, 2005, the notional and fair value related to the embedded derivatives, the hedging strategy, and reinsurance was $40.4 billion and $180, respectively. As of December 31, 2004, the notional and fair value related to the embedded derivatives, the hedging strategy, and reinsurance was $37.7 billion and $170, respectively.
In December 2004, the Company purchased one and two year S&P 500 put option contracts to economically hedge certain liabilities that could increase if the equity markets decline. As of December 31, 2004, the notional and market value related to this strategy was $882 and $39, respectively. Because this strategy is intended to partially hedge certain equity-market sensitive liabilities calculated under statutory accounting (see Capital Resources and Liquidity), changes in the value of the put options may not be closely aligned to changes in liabilities determined in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), causing volatility in GAAP
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net income. The Company anticipates employing similar strategies in the future, which could further increase volatility in GAAP net income.
Interest Rate Risk
The Hartfords exposure to interest rate risk relates to the market price and/or cash flow variability associated with changes in market interest rates. The Company manages its exposure to interest rate risk through asset allocation limits, asset/liability duration matching and through the use of derivatives. (For further discussion of interest rate risk, see the Interest Rate Risk discussion within the Capital Markets Risk Management section of the MD&A in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.)
CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY
Capital resources and liquidity represent the overall financial strength of The Hartford and its ability to generate strong cash flows from each of the business segments, borrow funds at competitive rates and raise new capital to meet operating and growth needs.
Liquidity Requirements
The liquidity requirements of The Hartford have been and will continue to be met by funds from operations as well as the issuance of commercial paper, common stock, debt securities and borrowings from its credit facilities. Current and expected patterns of claim frequency and severity may change from period to period but continue to be within historical norms and, therefore, the Companys current liquidity position is considered to be sufficient to meet anticipated demands. However, if an unanticipated demand was placed on the Company it is likely that the Company would either sell certain of its investments to fund claims which could result in larger than usual realized capital gains and losses or the Company would enter the capital markets to raise further funds to provide the requisite liquidity. For a discussion and tabular presentation of the Companys current contractual obligations by period including those related to its Life and Property & Casualty insurance refer to the Off-Balance Sheet and Aggregate Contractual Obligations section of Capital Resources & Liquidity included in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.
The Hartford endeavors to maintain a capital structure that provides financial and operational flexibility to its insurance subsidiaries, ratings that support its competitive position in the financial services marketplace (see the Ratings section below for further discussion), and strong shareholder returns. As a result, the Company may from time to time raise capital from the issuance of stock, debt or other capital securities. The issuance of common stock, debt or other capital securities could result in the dilution of shareholder interests or reduced net income due to additional interest expense.
The Companys Japanese life insurance operations are conducted through Hartford Life Insurance K.K. a wholly owned subsidiary of Hartford Life and Accident Insurance Company (HLA), one of the Companys principal statutorily regulated operating subsidiaries. To date, the Company has funded the capital needs of its Japanese operations through investments in the common stock of Hartford Life Insurance K.K. by HLA, an investment that stood at $813 as of March 31, 2005. This arrangement has generally allowed some portion of the Companys investment in its Japanese operations to be included as part of the aggregate statutory capital (for the purposes of regulatory and rating agency capital adequacy measures) of HLA.
The Company is currently in the process of evaluating capital structures that it believes in the long-term could result in improved financial flexibility. Certain of these structures would no longer allow a portion of the capital invested in our Japanese operations to be included in the aggregate capital of HLA. This could potentially reduce certain of the capital adequacy measures employed by regulators and rating agencies to assess the capital strength of The Hartfords domestic life insurance companies. At the current time, the Company believes it has sufficient financial resources to maintain capital adequacy levels consistent with all of its rating objectives.
The Company may also repurchase outstanding shares of its common stock and equity units from time to time, in an aggregate amount not to exceed $1 billion. For additional information regarding the Companys authorization to repurchase its securities, please see the Stockholders Equity section of Capital Resources & Liquidity included in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.
HFSG and HLI are holding companies which rely upon operating cash flow in the form of dividends from their subsidiaries, which enable them to service debt, pay dividends, and pay certain business expenses.
Dividends to HFSG from its subsidiaries are restricted. The payment of dividends by Connecticut-domiciled insurers is limited under the insurance holding company laws of Connecticut. Under these laws, the insurance subsidiaries may only make their dividend payments out of unassigned surplus. These laws require notice to and approval by the state insurance commissioner for the declaration or payment of any dividend, which, together with other dividends or distributions made within the preceding twelve months, exceeds the greater of (i) 10% of the insurers policyholder surplus as of December 31 of the preceding year or (ii) net income (or net gain from operations, if such company is a life insurance company) for the twelve-month period ending on the thirty-first day of December last preceding, in each case determined under statutory insurance accounting policies. In addition, if any dividend of a Connecticut-domiciled insurer exceeds the insurers earned surplus, it requires the prior approval of the Connecticut Insurance Commissioner. The insurance holding company laws of the other jurisdictions in which The Hartfords insurance subsidiaries are incorporated (or deemed commercially domiciled) generally contain similar (although in certain instances somewhat more restrictive) limitations on the payment of dividends. Through April 30, 2005, the Companys insurance subsidiaries had paid $254 to HFSG and HLI and are permitted to pay up to a maximum of approximately $1.6 billion in dividends to HFSG and HLI for the remainder of 2005 without prior approval from the applicable insurance commissioner.
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The principal sources of operating funds are premiums and investment income, while investing cash flows originate from maturities and sales of invested assets. The primary uses of funds are to pay claims, policy benefits, operating expenses and commissions and to purchase new investments. In addition, The Hartford has a policy of carrying a significant short-term investment position and accordingly does not anticipate selling intermediate- and long-term fixed maturity investments to meet any liquidity needs. (For a discussion of the Companys investment objectives and strategies, see the Investments and Capital Markets Risk Management sections.)
Sources of Capital
Shelf Registrations
On December 3, 2003, The Hartfords shelf registration statement (Registration No. 333-108067) for the potential offering and sale of debt and equity securities in an aggregate amount of up to $3.0 billion was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Registration Statement allows for the following types of securities to be offered: (i) debt securities, preferred stock, common stock, depositary shares, warrants, stock purchase contracts, stock purchase units and junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures of the Company, and (ii) preferred securities of any of one or more capital trusts organized by The Hartford (The Hartford Trusts). The Company may enter into guarantees with respect to the preferred securities of any of The Hartford Trusts. As of March 31, 2005, the Company had $2.4 billion remaining on its shelf.
On May 15, 2001, HLI filed with the SEC a shelf registration statement for the potential offering and sale of up to $1.0 billion in debt and preferred securities. The registration statement was declared effective on May 29, 2001. As of March 31, 2005, HLI had $1.0 billion remaining on its shelf.
Commercial Paper and Revolving Credit Facilities
The table below details the Companys short-term debt programs and the applicable balances outstanding.
Outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
As of | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Effective | Expiration | Maximum | March 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
Description | Date | Date | Available | 2005 | 2004 | Change | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial Paper |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Hartford |
11/10/86 | N/A | $ | 2,000 | $ | 372 | $ | 372 | | |||||||||||||||
HLI |
2/7/97 | N/A | 250 | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Total commercial paper |
$ | 2,250 | $ | 372 | $ | 372 | | |||||||||||||||||
Revolving Credit Facility |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
5-year revolving credit facility |
6/20/01 | 6/20/06 | $ | 1,000 | $ | | $ | | | |||||||||||||||
3-year revolving credit facility |
12/31/02 | 12/31/05 | 490 | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Total revolving credit facility |
$ | 1,490 | $ | | $ | | | |||||||||||||||||
Total Outstanding Commercial Paper and
Revolving Credit Facility |
$ | 3,740 | $ | 372 | $ | 372 | -- | |||||||||||||||||
Under the two revolving credit facilities, the Company must maintain a minimum level of consolidated statutory surplus and risk based capital ratios. In addition, the Company must not exceed a maximum ratio of debt to capitalization. Quarterly, the Company certifies compliance with the financial covenants for its banks. At March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, the Company was in compliance with all such covenants.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Aggregate Contractual Obligations
There have been no material changes to the Companys off-balance sheet arrangements and aggregate contractual obligations since the filing of the Companys 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Pension Plans and Other Postretirement Benefits
While the Company has significant discretion in making voluntary contributions to the U. S. qualified defined benefit pension plan (the Plan), the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 regulations mandate minimum contributions in certain circumstances. On April 10, 2004, the Pension Funding Equity Act of 2004 was signed into law. This Act provided pension funding relief by replacing the defunct 30-year Treasury bond rate with a composite rate based on conservatively invested long-term corporate bonds. As a result of the passage of this legislation, the Companys minimum funding requirement in 2004 was eliminated.
The Companys 2005 required minimum funding contribution is expected to be immaterial. On April 15, 2005, the Company, at its discretion, made a $200 contribution into the Plan.
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Capitalization
The capital structure of The Hartford as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004 consisted of debt and equity, summarized as follows:
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | Change | ||||||||||
Short-term debt (includes current maturities of long-term debt) |
$ | 622 | $ | 621 | | |||||||
Long-term debt [1] |
4,300 | 4,308 | | |||||||||
Total debt |
$ | 4,922 | $ | 4,929 | | |||||||
Equity excluding accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax (AOCI) |
$ | 13,521 | $ | 12,813 | 6 | % | ||||||
AOCI |
690 | 1,425 | (52 | %) | ||||||||
Total stockholders equity |
$ | 14,211 | $ | 14,238 | | |||||||
Total capitalization including AOCI |
$ | 19,133 | $ | 19,167 | | |||||||
Debt to equity |
35 | % | 35 | % | ||||||||
Debt to capitalization |
26 | % | 26 | % | ||||||||
[1] | Includes junior subordinated debentures of $699 and $704 and debt associated with equity units of $1,020 and $1,020 as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively. |
The Hartfords total capitalization as of March 31, 2005 decreased by $34 as compared with December 31, 2004. This decrease was primarily due to decrease in unrealized gains of $686 offset by net income of $666.
Debt
For additional information regarding debt, see Note 14 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Stockholders Equity
Dividends On February 17, 2005, The Hartford declared a dividend on its common stock of $0.29 per share payable on April 1, 2005 to shareholders of record as of March 1, 2005.
AOCI - AOCI decreased by $735 as of March 31, 2005 compared with December 31, 2004. The decrease in AOCI is primarily a result of a decrease in unrealized gains of $686. Because The Hartfords investment portfolio has a duration of approximately 5 years, a 100 basis point parallel movement in rates would result in approximately a 5% change in fair value. Movements in short-term interest rates without corresponding changes in long-term rates will impact the fair value of our fixed maturities to a lesser extent than parallel interest rate movements.
For additional information on stockholders equity and AOCI see Notes 15 and 16, respectively, of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in The Hartfords 2004 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Cash Flow
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
$ | 666 | $ | 99 | ||||
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities |
$ | (947 | ) | $ | 386 | |||
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities |
$ | 567 | $ | (307 | ) | |||
Cash - end of period |
$ | 1,439 | $ | 638 | ||||
The increase in cash from operating activities was primarily the result of the funding of $1.15 billion in settlement of the MacArthur litigation in 2004 offset in part by the net activity in equity securities held for trading purposes. Cash provided by financing activities increased primarily due to repayment of commercial paper, the early retirement of junior subordinated debentures in 2004 and higher net receipts from policyholders accounts related to investment and universal life contracts. Net cash from operating and financing activities accounted for the majority of cash used for investing activities.
Operating cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 have been adequate to meet liquidity requirements.
Equity Markets
For a discussion of the potential impact of the equity markets on capital and liquidity, see the Capital Markets Risk Management section under Market Risk.
Ratings
Ratings are an important factor in establishing the competitive position in the insurance and financial services marketplace. There can be no assurance that the Companys ratings will continue for any given period of time or that they will not be changed. In the event the Companys ratings are downgraded, the level of revenues or the persistency of the Companys business may be adversely impacted.
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The following table summarizes The Hartfords significant member companies financial ratings from the major independent rating organizations as of April 29, 2005.
A.M. Best | Fitch | Standard & Poors | Moodys | |||||
Insurance Financial Strength Ratings: |
||||||||
Hartford Fire Insurance Company |
A+ | AA | AA- | Aa3 | ||||
Hartford Life Insurance Company |
A+ | AA | AA- | Aa3 | ||||
Hartford Life and Accident |
A+ | AA | AA- | Aa3 | ||||
Hartford Life Group Insurance Company |
A+ | AA | | | ||||
Hartford Life and Annuity |
A+ | AA | AA- | Aa3 | ||||
Hartford Life Insurance KK (Japan) |
| | AA- | | ||||
Hartford Life Limited (Ireland) |
| | AA- | | ||||
Other Ratings: |
||||||||
The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc.: |
||||||||
Senior debt |
a- | A | A- | A3 | ||||
Commercial paper |
AMB-2 | F1 | A-2 | P-2 | ||||
Hartford Capital III trust originated preferred securities |
bbb | A- | BBB | Baa1 | ||||
Hartford Life, Inc.: |
||||||||
Senior debt |
a- | A | A- | A3 | ||||
Commercial paper |
| F1 | A-2 | P-2 | ||||
Hartford Life, Inc.: |
||||||||
Capital II trust preferred securities |
bbb | A- | BBB | Baa1 | ||||
Hartford Life Insurance Company: |
||||||||
Short Term Rating |
| | A-1+ | P-1 | ||||
These ratings are not a recommendation to buy or hold any of The Hartfords securities and they may be revised or revoked at any time at the sole discretion of the rating organization.
The agencies consider many factors in determining the final rating of an insurance company. One consideration is the relative level of statutory surplus necessary to support the business written. Statutory surplus represents the capital of the insurance company reported in accordance with accounting practices prescribed by the applicable state insurance department.
The table below sets forth statutory surplus for the Companys insurance companies.
March 31, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | |||||||
Life Operations |
$ | 5,125 | $ | 5,119 | ||||
Property & Casualty Operations |
6,648 | 6,337 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 11,773 | $ | 11,456 | ||||
Contingencies
Legal Proceedings For a discussion regarding contingencies related to The Hartfords legal proceedings, please see Part II, Item 1, Legal Proceedings.
Dependence on Certain Third Party Relationships - The Company distributes its annuity, life and certain property and casualty insurance products through a variety of distribution channels, including broker-dealers, banks, wholesalers, its own internal sales force and other third party organizations. The Company periodically negotiates provisions and renewals of these relationships and there can be no assurance that such terms will remain acceptable to the Company or such third parties. An interruption in the Companys continuing relationship with certain of these third parties could materially affect the Companys ability to market its products.
For a discussion regarding contingencies related to the manner in which The Hartford compensates brokers and other producers, please see Overview Broker Compensation above.
Regulatory Developments - For a discussion regarding contingencies related to regulatory developments that affect The Hartford, please see Overview Regulatory Developments above.
On October 21, 2004, the Financial Services Agency (FSA), the Companys primary regulator in Japan, issued regulations concerning new reserving methodologies and Solvency Margin Ratio (SMR) standards for variable annuity contracts. The regulations allow a Standard methodology and an Alternative methodology to determine required reserve levels and SMR standards. On December 27, 2004, the FSA also issued administrative guidelines that describe the detailed requirements under the two methodologies. The regulations are scheduled to become effective on April 1, 2005.
The new reserve methodologies and SMR standards would only apply to capital requirements for Japanese regulatory purposes, and are not directly related to results under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. At this time, the Company has decided to adopt the Standard methodology. While management is still evaluating the impact of the regulations on the Companys Japanese operations, at this time, based on the Companys assessment, the Standard methodology would require $400 $650 of additional capital during 2005. This estimate assumes that the Company will successfully employ various capital management strategies
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within its discretion and control, which may include, but are not limited to, product re-filing. The Company also is currently evaluating certain reinsurance strategies which have the potential to reduce the additional capital required to $100. These reinsurance strategies would be subject to regulatory approval, which may not be granted.
Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002
The Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 (TRIA) established a program that will run through 2005 that provides a backstop for insurance-related losses resulting from any act of terrorism certified by the Secretary of the Treasury, in concurrence with the Secretary of State and Attorney General. Under the program, the federal government would pay 90% of covered losses after an insurers losses exceed 15% of the Companys direct commercial earned premiums in 2004, up to a combined annual aggregate limit for the federal government and all insurers of $100 billion. If an act of terrorism or acts of terrorism result in covered losses exceeding the $100 billion annual limit, insurers with losses exceeding their deductibles will not be responsible for additional losses. The statutory formula for determining a companys deductible for each year is based on the companys direct commercial earned premiums for the prior calendar year multiplied by a specified percentage. The specified percentage is 15% for 2005.
The Act requires all property and casualty insurers, including The Hartford, to make terrorism insurance available in all of their covered commercial property and casualty insurance policies (as defined in the Act). The Act applies to a significant portion of The Hartfords commercial property and casualty contracts, but it specifically excludes some of The Hartfords other insurance business, including crop or livestock insurance, reinsurance and personal lines business. The Act does not apply to group life insurance contracts.
The Act is scheduled to expire on December 31, 2005. Legislation to extend TRIA for two years has been introduced in both the Senate and House of Representatives. If the Act is not extended or renewed, the Company is exposed to terrorism losses in 2006 that would otherwise have been covered by the Act, including terrorism losses arising on policies written in 2005 that expire after December 31, 2005. The Department of Treasury is required to provide Congress its findings and recommendations related to the Act by June 30, 2005. In the event the Act is not renewed, or is renewed in a materially different form, the Company may attempt to obtain appropriate reinsurance for the related terrorism risk, limit certain of its writings, or pursue a solution encompassing aspects of one or all of the foregoing. For a discussion of The Hartfords Risk Management processes as they relate to TRIA, please see the Property & Casualty Risk Management Strategy section of Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in The Hartfords 2004 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Legislative Initiatives
On July 10, 2003, the Senate Judiciary Committee approved legislation that would have provided for the creation of a Federal asbestos trust fund in place of the current tort system for determining asbestos liabilities. The 108th Congress concluded without further action on the proposal. Although Judiciary Committee chair Arlen Specter continues to pursue reform legislation in the current Congress, the prospects for enactment and the ultimate details of any legislation creating a Federal asbestos trust fund are uncertain. Depending on the provisions of any legislation which is ultimately enacted, the legislation may have a material adverse effect on the Company.
On November 18, 2004, the House Financial Services Committee approved legislation which would have extended the TRIA beyond its December 31, 2005, termination. Efforts will continue in 2005 to extend TRIA and to enact permanent legislation. The prospects for enactment of a simple extension or more permanent legislation are uncertain. Therefore, any potential effect on the Companys financial condition or results of operations cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.
As part of the FY 2006 federal budget, President Bush proposed making permanent a number of tax cuts passed in 2001 and 2003, including repeal of the estate tax and reductions in the tax rates for ordinary income, long-term capital gains and dividends. The president also reproposed new retirement and savings vehicles designed to simplify retirement plan administration and expand individual participation in retirement savings plans. If enacted, these proposals could have a material effect on sales of the Companys life insurance and investment products. Prospects for enactment of this legislation in 2005 are uncertain. Therefore, any potential effect on the Companys financial condition or results of operations from such potential legislative changes cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. The American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 imposes new restrictions on non-qualified deferred compensation plans. The Company does not believe these changes will have a material effect on the sale of its products.
In addition, other tax proposals and regulatory initiatives which have been or are being considered by Congress could have a material effect on the insurance business. These proposals and initiatives include changes pertaining to the tax treatment of insurance companies and life insurance products and annuities, and reductions in benefits currently received by the Company stemming from the dividends received deduction. The President has also established an advisory panel to study reform of the Internal Revenue Code. The panel is scheduled to report its findings and make recommendations to the Secretary of the Treasury by the end of July, 2005. Legislation to restructure the Social Security system and expand private savings incentives also may be considered. Prospects for enactment and the ultimate effect of these proposals are uncertain.
Congress is expected to consider provisions regarding age discrimination in defined benefit plans, transition relief for older and longer service workers affected by changes to traditional defined benefit pension plans and the replacement of the interest rate used to determine pension plan funding requirements. These changes could affect the Companys pension plan.
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The President has signed into law the Class Action Fairness Act of 2005. The Act will reduce the number and type of national class actions certified by state judges by updating the federal rules on diversity jurisdiction. Any potential effect on the Company cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.
ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
For a discussion of accounting standards, see Note 1 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The information contained in the Capital Markets Risk Management section of Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
The Companys principal executive officer and its principal financial officer, based on their evaluation of the Companys disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) have concluded that the Companys disclosure controls and procedures are effective for the purposes set forth in the definition thereof in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e) as of March 31, 2005.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting
There was no change in the Companys internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Companys first fiscal quarter of 2005 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Companys internal control over financial reporting.
Part II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Hartford is involved in claims litigation arising in the ordinary course of business, both as a liability insurer defending third-party claims brought against insureds and as an insurer defending coverage claims brought against it. The Hartford accounts for such activity through the establishment of unpaid claim and claim adjustment expense reserves. Subject to the uncertainties discussed below under the caption Asbestos and Environmental Claims, management expects that the ultimate liability, if any, with respect to such ordinary-course claims litigation, after consideration of provisions made for potential losses and costs of defense, will not be material to the consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of The Hartford.
The Hartford is also involved in other kinds of legal actions, some of which assert claims for substantial amounts. These actions include, among others, putative state and federal class actions seeking certification of a state or national class. Such putative class actions have alleged, for example, underpayment of claims or improper underwriting practices in connection with various kinds of insurance policies, such as personal and commercial automobile, property, and inland marine; improper sales practices in connection with the sale of life insurance and other investment products; and improper fee arrangements in connection with mutual funds. The Hartford also is involved in individual actions in which punitive damages are sought, such as claims alleging bad faith in the handling of insurance claims. Like many other insurers, The Hartford also has been joined in actions by asbestos plaintiffs asserting that insurers had a duty to protect the public from the dangers of asbestos. Management expects that the ultimate liability, if any, with respect to such lawsuits, after consideration of provisions made for estimated losses, will not be material to the consolidated financial condition of The Hartford. Nonetheless, given the large or indeterminate amounts sought in certain of these actions, and the inherent unpredictability of litigation, it is possible that an adverse outcome in certain matters could, from time to time, have a material adverse effect on the Companys consolidated results of operations or cash flows in particular quarterly or annual periods.
Broker Compensation Litigation - On October 14, 2004, the New York Attorney Generals Office filed a civil complaint (the NYAG Complaint) against Marsh Inc. and Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. (collectively, Marsh) alleging, among other things, that certain insurance companies, including The Hartford, participated with Marsh in arrangements to submit inflated bids for business insurance and paid contingent commissions to ensure that Marsh would direct business to them. The Hartford was not joined as a defendant in the action, which has since settled. Since the filing of the NYAG Complaint, several private actions have been filed against the Company asserting claims arising from the allegations of the NYAG Complaint.
Two securities class actions, now consolidated, have been filed in the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut alleging claims against the Company and certain of its executive officers under Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act and SEC Rule 10b-5. The consolidated amended complaint alleges on behalf of a putative class of shareholders that the Company and the four named individual defendants, as control persons of the Company, failed to disclose to the investing public that The Hartfords business and growth was predicated on the unlawful activity alleged in the NYAG Complaint. The class period alleged is August 6, 2003 through October 13, 2004, the day before the NYAG Complaint was filed. The complaint seeks damages and attorneys fees. The Company and the individual defendants dispute the allegations and intend to defend these actions vigorously.
In addition, three putative class actions, now consolidated, have been filed in the same court on behalf of participants in the Companys 401(k) plan against The Hartford, Hartford Fire Insurance Company, the Companys Pension Fund Trust and Investment Committee,
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the Companys Pension Administration Committee, the Companys Chief Financial Officer, and John/Jane Does 1-15. The suits assert claims under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA), alleging that the Company and the other named defendants breached their fiduciary duties to plan participants by, among other things, failing to inform them of the risk associated with investment in the Companys stock as a result of the activity alleged in the NYAG Complaint. The class period alleged is November 5, 2003 through the present. The complaints seek restitution of losses to the plan, declaratory and injunctive relief, and attorneys fees. All defendants dispute the allegations and intend to defend these actions vigorously.
Two corporate derivative actions, now consolidated, also have been filed in the same court. The consolidated amended complaint, brought by a shareholder on behalf of the Company against its directors and an executive officer, alleges that the defendants knew adverse non-public information about the activities alleged in the NYAG Complaint and concealed and misappropriated that information to make profitable stock trades, thereby breaching their fiduciary duties, abusing their control, committing gross mismanagement, wasting corporate assets, and unjustly enriching themselves. The complaint seeks damages, injunctive relief, disgorgement, and attorneys fees. All defendants dispute the allegations and intend to defend these actions vigorously.
Ten putative class actions also have been filed by alleged policyholders in federal district courts against several brokers and insurers, including the Company. These actions assert, on behalf of a class of persons who purchased insurance through the broker defendants, claims under the Sherman Act and state law, and in some cases the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO), arising from the conduct alleged in the NYAG Complaint. The class period alleged is 1994 through the date of class certification, which has not yet occurred. The complaints seek treble damages, injunctive and declaratory relief, and attorneys fees. Pursuant to an order of the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation, it is likely that the venue for all of these actions will be the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey. Putative class actions also have been filed in the Circuit Court for Cook County, Illinois, Chancery Division and in the Circuit Court for Seminole County, Florida, Civil Division, on behalf of a class of all persons who purchased insurance from defendant insurers, including Hartford entities. These state court actions assert unjust enrichment claims and violations of state unfair trade practices acts arising from the conduct alleged in the NYAG Complaint and seek remedies including restitution of premiums, and, in the Illinois action, imposition of a constructive trust, and declaratory and injunctive relief. The class period alleged is 1994 through the present. The Company has removed both actions to federal court, but the plaintiffs have moved to remand the actions to the respective state courts. The plaintiffs' motion to remand the Illinois action was denied; the remand motion in the Florida action has not been decided. The Company disputes the allegations in all of these actions and intends to defend the actions vigorously.
Additional complaints may be filed against the Company in various courts alleging claims under federal or state law arising from the conduct alleged in the NYAG Complaint. The Companys ultimate liability, if any, in the pending and possible future suits is highly uncertain and subject to contingencies that are not yet known, such as how many suits will be filed, in which courts they will be lodged, what claims they will assert, what the outcome of investigations by the New York Attorney Generals Office and other regulatory agencies will be, the success of defenses that the Company may assert, and the amount of recoverable damages if liability is established. In the opinion of management, it is possible that an adverse outcome in one or more of these suits could have a material adverse effect on the Companys consolidated results of operations or cash flows in particular quarterly or annual periods.
Asbestos and Environmental Claims As discussed in Part I, Item 2, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations under the caption Other Operations (Including Asbestos and Environmental Claims), The Hartford continues to receive asbestos and environmental claims that involve significant uncertainty regarding policy coverage issues. Regarding these claims, The Hartford continually reviews its overall reserve levels and reinsurance coverages, as well as the methodologies it uses to estimate its exposures. Because of the significant uncertainties that limit the ability of insurers and reinsurers to estimate the ultimate reserves necessary for unpaid losses and related expenses, particularly those related to asbestos, the ultimate liabilities may exceed the currently recorded reserves. Any such additional liability cannot be reasonably estimated now but could be material to The Hartfords future consolidated operating results, financial condition and liquidity.
Item 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer
The following table summarizes the Companys repurchases of its common stock for the three months ended March 31, 2005:
Total Number | Total Number of Shares | Maximum Number of Shares that | ||||||||||
of Shares | Average Price | Purchased as Part of Publicly | May Yet Be Purchased Under | |||||||||
Period | Purchased | Paid Per Share | Announced Plans or Programs | the Plans or Programs | ||||||||
January 2005 [1] |
2,726 | $ | 67.99 | N/A | N/A | |||||||
February 2005 [1] |
3,713 | $ | 71.35 | N/A | N/A | |||||||
March 2005 [1] |
17,654 | $ | 70.91 | N/A | N/A | |||||||
Total |
24,093 | $ | 70.65 | N/A | N/A | |||||||
[1] | Represents shares acquired from employees of the Company for tax withholding purposes in connection with the Companys stock compensation plans. |
Item 6. EXHIBITS
See Exhibit Index on page 61.
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. (Registrant) |
||
/s/ Robert J. Price | ||
Robert J. Price Senior Vice President and Controller |
May 2, 2005
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THE HARTFORD FINANCIAL SERVICES GROUP, INC.
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2005
FORM 10-Q
EXHIBITS INDEX
Exhibit No. | Description | |
15.01
|
Deloitte & Touche LLP Letter of Awareness. | |
31.01
|
Certification of Ramani Ayer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.02
|
Certification of David M. Johnson pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.01
|
Certification of Ramani Ayer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.02
|
Certification of David M. Johnson pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
61