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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
[x] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM
------------ TO
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COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 1-12091
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MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
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DELAWARE 22-3436215
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (I.R.S. EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NO.)
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION)
230 HALF MILE ROAD 07701-7015
P.O. BOX 7015 (ZIP CODE)
RED BANK, NEW JERSEY
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: 732-933-5000
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SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(B) OF THE ACT:
NAME OF EACH EXCHANGE
TITLE OF EACH CLASS ON WHICH REGISTERED
- -------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------
Common Stock, par value New York Stock Exchange
$0.01 per share
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(G) OF THE ACT:
None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
Registrant is required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [x] No [ ].
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. [ ]
The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates as of
March 15, 1999 (based upon the closing price of $19.00 per common share as
quoted on the New York Stock Exchange), is approximately $1.4 billion. For
purposes of this computation, the shares of voting stock held by directors,
officers and employee benefit plans of the registrant and its wholly-owned
subsidiaries were deemed to be stock held by affiliates. The number of shares of
common stock outstanding at March 15, 1999, was 77,873,586 shares.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Registrant's Annual Report to Shareholders for the year
ended December 31, 1998, are incorporated by reference into Parts I and II of
this Annual Report on Form 10-K as indicated herein. Portions of the
Registrant's definitive Proxy Statement relating to the 1999 Annual Meeting of
Shareholders, to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, are
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K as
indicated herein.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ITEM PAGE
- ---- ----
PART I
1. Business............................................................................................ 3
2. Properties.......................................................................................... 26
3. Legal Proceedings................................................................................... 27
4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders................................................. 27
PART II
5. Market for the Registrant's Common Equity and Related Shareholder Matters........................... 28
6. Selected Financial Data............................................................................. 28
7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations............... 28
7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.......................................... 28
8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data......................................................... 28
9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure................ 29
PART III
10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.................................................. 29
11. Executive Compensation.............................................................................. 29
12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management...................................... 29
13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions...................................................... 29
PART IV
14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule(s) and Reports on Form 8-K................................... 29
DISCLOSURE CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
All statements, other than statements of historical fact, included in the
1998 Annual Report to Shareholders (the 'Annual Report to Shareholders') of
Millennium Chemicals Inc. (the 'Company') and in this Annual Report on Form
10-K, including, without limitation, the statements under 'Business -- Strategy'
included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and 'Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations' included in the
Annual Report to Shareholders and incorporated by reference in this Annual
Report on Form 10-K, are, or may be deemed to be, forward-looking statements
within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the
'Exchange Act'). Important factors that could cause actual results to differ
materially from those discussed in such forward-looking statements ('Cautionary
Statements') include: the balance between industry production capacity and
operating rates, on the one hand, and demand for the products of the Company and
Equistar Chemicals, LP ('Equistar'), including titanium dioxide, ethylene and
polyethylene, on the other hand; the economic trends in the United States and
other countries which serve as the Company's and Equistar's marketplaces;
customer inventory levels; competitive pricing pressures; the cost and
availability of the Company's and Equistar's feedstocks and other raw materials,
including natural gas and ethylene; operating interruptions (including leaks,
explosions, fires, mechanical failures, unscheduled downtime, transportation
interruptions, spills, releases and other environmental risks); competitive
technology positions; failure to achieve the Company's or Equistar's
productivity improvement and cost-reduction targets or to complete construction
projects on schedule; difficulties in addressing Year 2000 issues on a timely
basis by the Company, Equistar, their suppliers or their customers; and, other
unforeseen circumstances.
Some of these Cautionary Statements are discussed in more detail under
'Business' in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and 'Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations' in the Annual Report
to Shareholders. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements
attributable to the Company or persons acting on behalf of the Company are
expressly qualified in their entirety by such Cautionary Statements.
2
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Millennium Chemicals Inc. (the 'Company') is a major international chemical
company, with leading market positions in a broad range of commodity,
industrial, performance and specialty chemicals.
The Company has three principal wholly owned operating subsidiaries:
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Inc. (collectively, with its non-United States
affiliates, 'Millennium Inorganic Chemicals'); Millennium Petrochemicals Inc.
('Millennium Petrochemicals'); and, Millennium Specialty Chemicals Inc.
('Millennium Specialty Chemicals'). The Company also owns a 29.5% interest in
Equistar Chemicals, LP ('Equistar'), a joint venture owned by the Company,
Lyondell Chemical Company ('Lyondell') and Occidental Petroleum Corporation
('Occidental'). The Company accounts for its interest in Equistar as an equity
investment.
The Company has leading market positions in the United States ('U.S.') and
the world:
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals is the second-largest producer of titanium
dioxide ('TiO2') in the world, with manufacturing facilities in the U.S.,
the United Kingdom ('U.K.'), France, Brazil and Australia. Millennium
Inorganic Chemicals is also the largest merchant seller of titanium
tetrachloride ('TiCl4') in the U.S. and Europe;
Millennium Petrochemicals is the second-largest producer of acetic acid
and vinyl acetate monomer ('VAM') in the U.S. and, through its 85%
interest in La Porte Methanol Company, L.P. ('La Porte Methanol Company'),
a major U.S. producer of methanol;
Millennium Specialty Chemicals is the world's largest producer of terpene
fragrance chemicals, the world's second-largest manufacturer of
cadmium-based pigments and a major producer of silica gel; and
Through its 29.5% interest in Equistar, the Company is a partner in the
largest producer of ethylene and polyethylene in North America, and a
leading producer of performance polymers, oxygenated chemicals, aromatics
and specialty chemicals.
As of January 18, 1999, the Company owns an 85% interest in La Porte
Methanol Company, a Delaware limited partnership that owns a methanol plant
located in La Porte, Texas, and certain related facilities that were contributed
to the partnership by Millennium Petrochemicals. These operations were wholly
owned by Millennium Petrochemicals until they were contributed to the
partnership on January 18, 1999.
The Company was incorporated in Delaware on April 18, 1996. The Company's
U.K. office is located at Laporte Road, Stallingborough, Grimsby, North East
Lincolnshire, DN40 2PR, England. Its U.K. telephone number is 0345-662663. The
Company's principal executive offices in the U.S. are located at 230 Half Mile
Road, P.O. Box 7015, Red Bank, New Jersey 07701-7015. Its U.S. telephone number
is (732) 933-5000 and its U.S. fax number is 732-933-5240.
DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS
The Company has been an independent, publicly owned company since its
demerger (i.e., spin-off) on October 1, 1996 (the 'Demerger'), from Hanson PLC
('Hanson'). In connection with the Demerger, Hanson transferred its chemical
operations to the Company and the Company issued to Hanson's shareholders all of
the Company's then outstanding common stock, par value $.01 per share (the
'Common Stock'). For additional information concerning the Demerger, see Note 1
to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's
Annual Report to Shareholders.
On December 1, 1997, the Company contributed to Equistar substantially all
of the net assets comprising its polyethylene, alcohol and related products
business segment, which had been owned by Millennium Petrochemicals. In
exchange, the Company received a 43% interest in Equistar, Equistar repaid $750
million of debt due to the Company from its contributed businesses, the Company
retained $250 million of certain accounts receivable and Equistar assumed
certain liabilities from the Company. A subsidiary of the Company guaranteed
$750 million of Equistar's newly issued bank debt. The Company used the $750
million received from Equistar, together with collected proceeds of the retained
3
accounts receivable, to repay debt under its revolving credit facility. Lyondell
contributed to Equistar substantially all of the assets comprising its
petrochemical and polymer business segments, as well as a $345 million note. In
exchange, Lyondell received a 57% interest in Equistar, and Equistar assumed
$745 million of Lyondell's debt and certain liabilities from Lyondell. On May
15, 1998, the Company and Lyondell expanded Equistar with the addition of the
ethylene, propylene, ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol and other ethylene oxide
derivatives businesses of Occidental's chemical subsidiary. Occidental
contributed substantially all of the net assets of these businesses (including
approximately $205 million of related debt) to Equistar. In exchange, Equistar
borrowed an additional $500 million, $420 million of which was distributed to
Occidental and $75 million of which was distributed to the Company. Equistar is
now owned 41% by Lyondell, 29.5% by Occidental and 29.5% by the Company.
Equistar is governed by a Partnership Governance Committee consisting of
representatives of each partner. Approval of Equistar's strategic plans and
other major decisions requires the consent of the representatives of the three
partners. All decisions of Equistar's Governance Committee that do not require
the consent of the representatives of the three partners may be made by
Lyondell's representatives alone.
On December 31, 1997, the Company completed the purchase of the shares of
Rhone-Poulenc Chimie S.A.'s Thann et Mulhouse TiO2 and related intermediate and
specialty chemical operations in France for $185 million, including assumed
debt. The operations in France provide capacity to produce approximately 138,000
metric tons per year of TiO2.
On November 27, 1998, the Company entered into an agreement to sell its
remaining interests in Suburban Propane Partners, L.P. ('Suburban Propane'), a
publicly-traded limited partnership which is the third-largest retail marketer
of propane in the U.S., to Suburban Propane and its management for $75 million
in cash. As such, Suburban Propane is reflected in the Company's financial
statements as a discontinued operation. The Company expects to complete this
transaction in the second quarter of 1999.
On July 1, 1998, the Company completed the acquisition of 99% of the voting
shares and 72% of total shares of Titanio do Brazil S.A. ('Tibras'), Brazil's
only integrated TiO2 producer, for $129 million, including assumed debt. The two
operations comprising Tibras included a plant which has the capacity to produce
approximately 60,000 metric tons per year of TiO2 and a mineral sands mine with
over two million metric tons of recoverable reserves.
On January 18, 1999, the Company completed certain transactions with Linde
AG ('Linde') relating to the Company's synthesis gas ('syngas') unit in La
Porte, Texas, and a 15% interest in its methanol business, whereby the Company
received $122.5 million in cash. Linde will operate the syngas facility under a
long-term lease with a purchase option. The Company has the right to require
Linde to purchase the Unit under certain circumstances. In addition, Linde will
operate and hold a 15% interest in the methanol facility. Linde has the
obligation to purchase an additional 5% interest in the methanol partnership
upon the occurrence of certain events.
In this Annual Report on Form 10-K: (i) references to the Company are to
the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, except as the context otherwise
requires; (ii) references to the activities of, and financial information with
respect to, the Company prior to October 1, 1996, are to the historical
activities and combined historical financial information of the businesses that
were transferred to the Company by Hanson in connection with the Demerger;
(iii) references to 'tpa' are to metric tons per annum (a metric ton is equal to
1,000 kilograms or 2,204.6 pounds); and, (iv) references to the Company's and
Equistar's annual rated capacity and annual production capacity are based upon
engineering assessments made by the Company and Equistar, respectively. Actual
production may vary depending on a number of factors including feedstocks,
product mix, unscheduled maintenance and demand.
4
STRATEGY
The Company's Vision is: 'BE THE MOST VALUE-CREATIVE CHEMICAL COMPANY IN
THE WORLD.' Its strategy is to maximize long-term Economic Value Added
('EVA'r'*') and cash flow, through improved efficiency at existing operations,
disciplined capital expenditures, selective dispositions, and selective
acquisitions of intermediate and specialty chemical businesses. In addition to
building upon its leading market positions in its existing lines of business,
the Company seeks to increase efficiency and reduce costs at its existing
businesses, focus its production on more profitable value-added products, expand
its operations worldwide and increase the proportion of its business that is
less cyclical in nature. The Company emphasizes stock ownership by management
and links a significant portion of management's compensation to the achievement
of performance targets, including targets based on EVA'r', as well as the
Company's performance relative to its industry peers as measured by total
shareholder return. The Company is committed to providing a safe workplace and
employing the highest ethical standards in its dealings with customers,
suppliers and the communities in which it operates.
The following are key elements of the Company's strategy:
FOCUS GROWTH ON LESS CYCLICAL, VALUE-CREATIVE BUSINESSES. The Company seeks
to capitalize upon the leading market positions of its intermediate and
specialty chemical businesses by expanding in domestic and international markets
through capital expenditures and, as opportunities permit, selective
acquisitions. Millennium Inorganic Chemicals advanced its position through the
acquisition on July 1, 1998, of Tibras, South America's only integrated producer
of TiO2. In addition, a 41,000 tpa chloride-process TiO2 expansion at
Stallingborough, U.K., was substantially completed in the last quarter of 1998
at a cost of approximately $130 million, increasing Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals' total global capacity to 712,000 tpa, approximately 16% of global
capacity. During 1998, Millennium Petrochemicals increased its acetic acid
capacity from 900 million to 1 billion pounds per year utilizing its proprietary
low-water technology. Millennium Petrochemicals' transactions with Linde
involving its La Porte, Texas, syngas business and a 15% interest in its
methanol unit generated $122.5 million in cash and created a value-creative
partnership with long-term EVA'r' benefits. At Millennium Specialty Chemicals,
debottlenecking and new equipment investments over the past two years have
doubled capacity for linalool and geraniol, two major fragrance chemicals.
IMPROVE THE COMPANY'S COST STRUCTURE IN COMMODITY, INDUSTRIAL AND
PERFORMANCE CHEMICALS. The Company seeks to increase the competitiveness of its
commodity, industrial and performance chemical businesses by improving the
efficiency of existing operations through the implementation of internally
developed and externally benchmarked best practices and ongoing investments in
technology, new processes and equipment. During 1997 and 1998, Millennium
Inorganic Chemicals reduced the annual cost base of its TiO2 production by
approximately $70 million compared to 1996 levels. An additional $100 million of
annualized cost savings is targeted by the end of 2000. Beginning in 1998 and
continuing through 1999, the Company is implementing an $84 million global SAP
software-supported business improvement project, which is designed to make the
Company a more efficient, globally integrated operation. All major businesses
and plants, with the exception of the Brazilian TiO2 operations, are expected to
be utilizing the SAP integrated software in the third quarter of 1999.
INCREASE PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTS. The Company
seeks to expand its position as a supplier of less cyclical, value-added
intermediate and specialty chemicals, which historically command higher margins
than commodity chemicals. Millennium Inorganic Chemicals is constructing a new
$18 million research center near Baltimore, Maryland. The new center, which will
be opened officially in September of 1999, will improve Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals' ability to research, develop and test new products and processes,
providing customers with additional value-added products and services.
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals has recently established a team to focus on the
global marketing and development of its specialty inorganic chemical businesses.
Millennium Specialty Chemicals now utilizes a crystallization process to make
high-purity anethole, a licorice-like flavor chemical. This process has improved
product quality and lowered production costs.
EMPHASIZE EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP AND PERFORMANCE-BASED COMPENSATION. In
order to align the interests of the Company's management and shareholders, the
Company has established guidelines
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* EVA'r' is a registered trademark of Stern, Stewart & Co.
5
for significant investment by management in Common Stock. Since October 1, 1996,
the Company's top 30 executive officers and senior managers have purchased
shares of Common Stock with a market value at March 15, 1999, of over $10
million. These include shares purchased under the Company's Salary and Bonus
Deferral Plan, some of which are subject to forfeiture, but do not include
restricted Common Stock or other awards under the Company's Long Term Stock
Incentive Plan. In addition, management's long-term incentive compensation
(including the vesting of 75% of the awards of restricted stock) is dependent
upon the achievement of performance goals based on value creation targets and
the Company's performance relative to industry peers, as measured by total
shareholder return. Information relating to these guidelines and plans is
presented under the heading 'Executive Compensation' in the Company's Proxy
Statement for its 1999 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. To encourage ownership of
Common Stock by employees generally, the Company has established a 401(k) plan
that partially matches employee contributions with Common Stock, a Long Term
Incentive Plan that awards participants with Common Stock based on performance
measured by EVA'r', Employee Stock Purchase Plans, a Supplemental Savings and
Investment Plan and a Salary and Bonus Deferral Plan. In addition, the Company
has established a Save As You Earn (SAYE) program and a Profit Sharing Plan for
its U.K. employees, a 'Plan D'Epargne' for its French employees and a Salary
Deferral Plan for its Australian employees.
PROVIDE A SAFE WORKPLACE AND EMPLOY THE HIGHEST ETHICAL STANDARDS. The
Company is committed to providing a safe workplace and employing the highest
ethical standards in its dealings with customers, suppliers and the communities
in which it operates. 'PEOPLE CREATE THE VALUE' is the basis of the Company's
People Policy. The People Policy promotes innovation and value-creativity within
the context of the Company's Core Values, which include: 'EMPLOY THE HIGHEST
ETHICAL STANDARDS; TREAT EACH OTHER WITH RESPECT, TRUST AND OPENNESS; AND,
PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT AND THE HEALTH AND SAFETY OF OUR EMPLOYEES AND THE
PUBLIC.' To mark the tenth anniversary of the Chemical Manufacturers
Association's ('CMA') adoption of Responsible Care'r', CMA companies, including
the Company, adopted a new set of guiding principles for Responsible Care'r'.
The principles include a commitment by each member company to publicly set
improvement goals. By focusing on the People Policy, the Core Values, the
guiding principles of Responsible Care'r' and EVA'r', the Company and its people
are committed to the Company's Vision: 'BE THE MOST VALUE-CREATIVE CHEMICAL
COMPANY IN THE WORLD.'
BUSINESS SEGMENTS
The Company's principal operations are grouped into four business segments:
'titanium dioxide and related products,' which are produced by Millennium
Inorganic Chemicals; 'acetyls,' which are produced by Millennium Petrochemicals;
'specialty chemicals,' which are produced by Millennium Specialty Chemicals;
and, 'polyethylene, alcohol and related products,' which were produced by
Millennium Petrochemicals prior to December 1, 1997. See Note 13 of the
Company's Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Annual Report to
Shareholders and page 19 of such Annual Report for financial information about
the Company's business segments; such information is incorporated herein by
reference.
On December 1, 1997, the Company contributed the businesses comprising the
polyethylene, alcohol and related products segment to Equistar. Results of these
businesses for the eleven months ended November 30, 1997, prior to such
contribution, are included in the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
Since December 1, 1997, the Company's interest in Equistar is accounted for as
an equity investment. On November 27, 1998, the Company entered into an
agreement to sell its 26.4% interest in Suburban Propane to Suburban Propane and
its management. As such, Suburban Propane is accounted for as a discontinued
operation. See Note 2 to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements
included in the Annual Report to Shareholders for additional information about
Equistar and Suburban Propane. See the Financial Statements of Equistar included
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for financial information about Equistar.
6
PRINCIPAL PRODUCTS
The following is a description of the principal products of the Company's
consolidated subsidiaries:
PRODUCT USES
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Titanium dioxide and related products:
Titanium dioxide ('TiO2')............... A non-hazardous white pigment used to provide whiteness,
brightness and opacity in coatings and paints, plastics, paper and
rubber.
Titanium tetrachloride ('TiCl4')........ The intermediate product in making TiO2. TiCl4 is also used for:
the manufacture of titanium metal, which is used to make a wide
variety of products including eyeglass frames, aerospace parts and
golf clubs; the manufacture of catalysts and specialty pigments;
and, as a surface treatment for glass.
Zirconium-based compounds............... Chemicals used in coloring for ceramics, in pigment surface
treatment and to enhance optics.
Specialty TiO2.......................... Micropure and ultra-fine products used in optical, electronic, and
ultra-violet absorption applications.
Acetyls:
Vinyl acetate monomer ('VAM')........... A petrochemical product used to produce adhesives, water-based
paints, textile coatings, paper coatings and a variety of polymer
products.
Acetic acid............................. A feedstock used to produce VAM, terephthalic acid (used to
produce polyester for textiles and plastic bottles) and industrial
solvents.
Methanol................................ A feedstock used to produce acetic acid; methyl tertiary butyl
ether ('MTBE'), a gasoline additive; and, formaldehyde. The
Company is a producer of methanol through its 85% interest in La
Porte Methanol Company.
Specialty chemicals:
Terpene fragrance chemicals............. Components blended together to make fragrances and flavors used in
detergents, soaps, personal care items, perfumes and food
products.
Cadmium-based pigments.................. Inorganic colors used in engineered plastics, artists' colors,
ceramics, inks, automotive refinish coatings, coil and extrusion
coatings, aerospace coatings and specialty industrial finishes.
Silica gel.............................. Inorganic product used to reduce gloss and to control flow in
coatings. Also used to stabilize and extend the shelf life of
beer, plastic films, powdered food products and pharmaceuticals.
For a description of Equistar's principal products, see 'Equity Interest in
Equistar,' below.
MILLENNIUM INORGANIC CHEMICALS
TITANIUM DIOXIDE
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals is the second-largest producer of TiO2 in
the world, based on reported production capacities. TiO2 is a white pigment used
for imparting whiteness, brightness and opacity in a wide range of products,
including paints and coatings, plastics, paper and elastomers.
The following table sets forth Millennium Inorganic Chemicals' annual
production capacity, as of the date of this report, using the chloride process
and the sulfate process discussed below, and the approximate percentage of its
total production capacity represented by each such process.
7
MILLENNIUM INORGANIC CHEMICALS' RATED TIO2 CAPACITY
(METRIC TONS PER ANNUM)
PROCESS CAPACITY*
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Chloride.......................................................... 470,000 66%
Sulfate........................................................... 242,000 34%
Total........................................................ 712,000 100%
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* Includes 138,000 tpa of sulfate-process capacity in France acquired on
December 31, 1997; 60,000 tpa of sulfate-process capacity in Brazil acquired
on July 1, 1998; and, 41,000 tpa of chloride-process capacity from the 1998
expansion of the Stallingborough, U.K., plant.
TiO2 is produced in two crystalline forms: rutile and anatase. Rutile TiO2
is a more tightly packed crystal that has a higher refractive index than anatase
TiO2 and, therefore, better opacification and tinting strength in many
applications. Some rutile TiO2 products also provide better resistance to the
harmful effects of weather. Rutile TiO2 is the preferred form for use in
coatings, ink and plastics. Anatase TiO2 has a bluer undertone and is less
abrasive than rutile TiO2. It is often preferred for use in paper, ceramics,
rubber and man-made fibers.
TiO2 producers process titaniferous ores to extract a white pigment using
one of two different technologies. The sulfate process is a wet chemical process
that uses concentrated sulfuric acid to extract TiO2, in either anatase or
rutile form. The sulfate process generates higher volumes of waste materials,
including iron sulfate and spent sulfuric acid. The newer chloride process is a
high temperature process in which chlorine is used to extract TiO2 in rutile
form, with greater purity and higher control over the size distribution of the
pigment particles than the sulfate process permits. In general, the chloride
process is also less intensive than the sulfate process in terms of capital
investment, labor and energy. Because much of the chlorine can be recycled, the
chloride process produces less waste subject to environmental regulation. Once
an intermediate TiO2 pigment has been produced by either the chloride or sulfate
process, it is 'finished' into a product with specific performance
characteristics for particular end-use applications through proprietary
processes involving surface treatment with various chemicals and combinations of
milling and micronizing.
Due to customer preferences, as well as economic and environmental factors,
the industry's worldwide chloride-process capacity has increased significantly
relative to sulfate-process capacity during the last twenty years and currently
represents just over half of total industry capacity. Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals is the world's second-largest producer of TiO2 by the chloride
production process.
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals' TiO2 plants are located in the four major
world markets for TiO2: North America, South America, Western Europe and the
Asia/Pacific region. The North American plants, consisting of two in Baltimore,
Maryland, and two in Ashtabula, Ohio, have aggregate production capacities of
241,000 tpa using the chloride process and 44,000 tpa using the sulfate process.
The plant in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, acquired on July 1, 1998, has a capacity
to produce approximately 60,000 tpa using the sulfate process. Millennium
Inorganic Chemicals also acquired on July 1, 1998, a mineral sands mine located
at Mataraca, Paraiba, Brazil, that supplies the Brazilian plant with titanium
ores. The mine has over two million metric tons of recoverable reserves and a
capacity to produce over 100,000 tpa of titanium ores, which it generally
consumes in its own TiO2 operations, and 16,000 tpa of zircon, which it sells to
third parties. Millennium Inorganic Chemicals' Stallingborough, U.K., plant has
chloride-process production capacity of 150,000 tpa, increased from 109,000 tpa
due to the plant expansion which was substantially completed in late 1998. The
plants in France at Le Havre, Normandy, and Thann, Alsace, have sulfate-process
capacities of 105,000 tpa and 33,000 tpa, respectively. The Kemerton plant in
Western Australia has chloride-process production capacity of 79,000 tpa.
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals' plants operated at an average of 93% of
installed capacity during 1998, 97% during 1997 and 88% during 1996. The
Stallingborough, U.K. plant was shut down during the fall of 1998 to complete
the expansion of the facility. In addition, consistent with Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals' strategy to scale production of TiO2 to match levels of worldwide
demand, production at certain other facilities was slowed in December 1998 in
response to a seasonal slowdown in demand and price competition in Europe.
8
Titanium-bearing ores used in the TiO2 extraction process (ilmenite,
natural rutile and leucoxene) occur as mineral sands and hard rock in many parts
of the world. Mining companies increasingly treat these natural ores to extract
iron and other minerals and produce slags or synthetic rutiles with higher TiO2
concentrations, resulting in lower rates of waste by-products during the TiO2
production process. Ores are shipped by bulk carriers from terminals in the
country of origin to TiO2 production plants, usually located near port
facilities. Millennium Inorganic Chemicals obtains ores from a number of
suppliers in South Africa, Australia, Canada and Norway, generally pursuant to
one- to eight-year supply contracts. Rio Tinto Iron & Titanium Inc. (through its
affiliates Richards Bay Iron & Titanium (Proprietary) Limited and QIT-Fer et
Titane Inc.) and RGC Mineral Sands Limited are the world's largest producers of
titanium ores and upgraded titaniferous raw materials and accounted for
approximately 86% of the titanium ores and upgraded titaniferous raw materials
purchased by Millennium Inorganic Chemicals in 1998.
Other major raw materials used in the production of TiO2 are chlorine,
caustic soda, petroleum and metallurgical coke, aluminum, sodium silicate,
sulfuric acid, oxygen, nitrogen, natural gas and electricity. The number of
sources for and availability of these materials is specific to the particular
geographic region in which the facility is located. For Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals' Australian plant, chlorine and caustic soda are obtained exclusively
from one supplier under a long-term supply agreement. Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals has experienced tightness in various raw material markets, but not to
an extent requiring curtailed production. There are certain risks related to the
utilization of raw materials sourced from less-developed or developing
countries. At the present time, the market for chloride-process feedstock is
beginning to loosen due to additional new synthetic titanium ore capacity. A
number of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals' raw materials are provided by only a
few vendors and, accordingly, if one significant supplier or a number of
significant suppliers were unable to meet their obligations under present supply
arrangements, Millennium Inorganic Chemicals could suffer reduced supplies
and/or be forced to incur increased prices for its raw materials. Such an event
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition,
results of operations or cash flows.
Of the total 582,000 metric tons of TiO2 sold by Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals in 1998 (including 32,000 metric tons of TiO2 sold by Millennium
Inorganic Chemicals' Brazilian plant from the date of its acquisition on July 1,
1998, to December 31, 1998), approximately 60% was sold to customers in the
paint and coatings industry, approximately 19% to customers in the plastics
industry, approximately 16% to customers in the paper industry and approximately
5% to other customers. Millennium Inorganic Chemicals' ten largest customers
accounted for approximately 30% of its TiO2 sales in 1998. Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals experiences some seasonality in its sales because its customers' sales
of paints and coatings are greatest in the spring and summer months.
TiO2 is sold either directly by Millennium Inorganic Chemicals to its
customers or, to a lesser extent, through agents or distributors. TiO2 is
distributed by rail, truck and ocean carrier in either dry or slurry form.
The global markets in which the Company's TiO2 business operates are all
highly competitive. Millennium Inorganic Chemicals competes primarily on the
basis of price, product quality and service. Certain of Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals' competitors are partially vertically integrated, producing
titanium-bearing ores as well as TiO2. Millennium Inorganic Chemicals is
vertically integrated at its Brazilian facility, which owns a titanium ore mine
that supplies the facility. Millennium Inorganic Chemicals' major competitors
are E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company ('Dupont'); Tioxide Group Limited
('Tioxide'), a unit of Imperial Chemical Industries PLC ('ICI'); Kronos, Inc.
('Kronos'), a unit of NL Industries Inc.; Kemira Pigments Oy ('Kemira'), a unit
of Kemira Oy; and, Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation (both directly and through
various joint ventures) ('Kerr-McGee Chemicals'), a unit of Kerr-McGee
Corporation. DuPont, Tioxide, Millennium Inorganic Chemicals, Kronos, Kemira and
Kerr-McGee Chemicals, collectively, account for approximately three-quarters of
the world's production capacity. Kerr-McGee Chemicals and Bayer AG Group
('Bayer') have formed a joint venture business owned 80% by Kerr-McGee Chemicals
and 20% by Bayer to operate Bayer's European TiO2 business.
TiO2 competes with other whitening agents which are generally less
effective but less expensive. Paper manufacturers have, in recent years,
developed alternative technologies which reduce the amount
9
of TiO2 used in paper. For example, kaolin and precipitated calcium carbonate
are used extensively as fillers by paper manufacturers in medium-and
lower-priced products.
New plant capacity additions in the TiO2 industry are slow to develop
because of the substantial capital expenditure and the significant lead time
(three to five years typically for a new plant) needed for planning, obtaining
environmental approvals and permits, construction of manufacturing facilities
and arranging for raw material supplies. Debottlenecking and other capacity
expansions at existing plants require substantially less time and capital and
can increase overall industry capacity.
RELATED PRODUCTS
Titanium Tetrachloride. Millennium Inorganic Chemicals manufactures a
metallurgical grade of TiCl4 at its Ashtabula, Ohio, plant, primarily for sale
to U.S. titanium metal producers. TiCl4 is produced at Ashtabula as an
intermediate product in the chloride process used for manufacturing TiO2.
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals also manufactures TiCl4 at its Thann, Alsace,
France, facility, primarily for sales to third parties in Europe for use in
catalysts and pharmaceuticals and for use by Millennium Inorganic Chemicals and
others in the sulfate-process manufacturing of TiO2 in Europe. Millennium
Inorganic Chemicals is the largest merchant seller of TiCl4 in the U.S. and
Europe.
The majority of the Company's U.S. TiCl4 sales consist of metallurgical
grade product sold to titanium sponge producers who convert the product into
titanium metal. Other customers use TiCl4 to produce catalysts for chemical
processes and pearlescent pigments for metallic coatings and cosmetics. Sales
are almost exclusively to customers in the U.S. and Europe. TiCl4 is distributed
by rail and truck as anhydrous TiCl4 and as titanium oxychloride (an aqueous
solution of TiCl4).
Specialty Inorganic Chemical Products: The Company's plant in France at
Thann, Alsace, produces zirconium-based compounds and specialty TiO2 products.
These products are marketed globally for various applications. Zirconium-based
compounds are used as a coloring agent for ceramics, in pigment surface
treatment and to enhance optics. Specialty TiO2 products are used in
environmental applications to eliminate nitrogen oxides from power plant
emissions and for sulfur removal in diesel engine exhaust. Micropure TiO2 is
used in the treatment of glass, primarily to enhance the optical properties of
spectacles. Electronic applications make use of these materials' ultra-purity to
miniaturize components in automotive, telephone and television applications.
MILLENNIUM PETROCHEMICALS
The following table sets forth information concerning the annual production
capacity, as of the date of this report, of Millennium Petrochemicals' principal
products:
MILLENNIUM PETROCHEMICALS' RATED CAPACITY
(MILLIONS OF POUNDS PER ANNUM)
PRODUCT CAPACITY
- ---------------------------------------------------------------- --------
Acetic Acid..................................................... 1,000
VAM............................................................. 800
In addition, Millennium Petrochemicals owns an 85% interest in La Porte
Methanol Company, which owns a methanol plant with an annual production capacity
of 207 million gallons per annum. For a description of the plant and La Porte
Methanol Company, see 'La Porte Methanol Company,' below.
ACETIC ACID
Millennium Petrochemicals is the second-largest U.S. producer of acetic
acid, and the third-largest producer worldwide, based on reported production
capacities. Its acetic acid plant is located at La Porte, Texas, and has an
annual production capacity as of December 31, 1998, of one billion pounds,
increased from 900 million pounds during 1998. Millennium Petrochemicals uses
approximately 60% of its acetic acid production internally to produce VAM at La
Porte.
10
The principal raw materials for the production of acetic acid are carbon
monoxide and methanol. Millennium Petrochemicals purchases all of its carbon
monoxide from Linde pursuant to a long-term contract based primarily on cost of
production. Linde produces this carbon monoxide at the syngas plant leased by
Linde from Millennium Petrochemicals pursuant to a long-term lease that
commenced on January 18, 1999. La Porte Methanol Company, 85% owned by the
Company, supplies all of Millennium Petrochemical's requirements for methanol.
(See 'La Porte Methanol Company,' below.)
The process technology used by Millennium Petrochemicals to produce acetic
acid was originally licensed from Monsanto Company, and is now owned by British
Petroleum Company P.L.C. ('British Petroleum'). Since inception of the license,
Millennium Petrochemicals has developed and implemented technological changes
(including the proprietary low-water technology implemented in 1998) to expand
production capacity by approximately two-thirds.
Acetic acid not consumed internally by Millennium Petrochemicals is sold
predominantly under contract. These contracts range in term from one to four
years. Export sales constituted approximately 20% of total acetic acid sales in
1998. Acetic acid is shipped by ocean-going vessel, barge, tank car and tank
truck.
Millennium Petrochemicals' principal competitors in the acetic acid
business are Hoechst-Celanese, a unit of Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
('Hoechst-Celanese'); British Petroleum; Kyodo Sakusan and Acetex Chemie S.A., a
subsidiary of Acetex Corporation ('Acetex').
VAM
Millennium Petrochemicals is the second-largest U.S. producer of VAM, and
the third-largest producer worldwide, based on reported production capacities.
Its VAM plant is located at La Porte, Texas, and has an annual production
capacity of 800 million pounds as of December 31, 1998.
The principal raw materials for the production of VAM are acetic acid and
ethylene. Millennium Petrochemicals supplies its entire requirements for acetic
acid from its internal production and buys all of its ethylene requirements from
Equistar under a long-term supply contract based on market prices.
The process used by Millennium Petrochemicals to produce VAM is proprietary
to the Company.
Millennium Petrochemicals sells VAM under contracts that range in term from
one to four years, as well as on a spot basis. Millennium Petrochemicals also
sells VAM to Equistar pursuant to a long-term contract at a formula-based price.
The majority of sales are completed under contract. Millennium Petrochemicals
ships this product by barge, ocean-going vessel, pipeline, tank car and tank
truck. Export sales represented approximately 25% of total VAM sales in 1998.
Millennium Petrochemicals has bulk storage arrangements for VAM in the
Netherlands, the U.K., Italy, Turkey, South Africa, Indonesia, Singapore and
Korea, to better serve its customers' requirements in those regions.
Millennium Petrochemicals' principal competitors in the VAM business are
Hoechst-Celanese, British Petroleum, Union Carbide Corporation, Gantrade
Corporation, Acetex and Dairen Chemical Corporation.
MILLENNIUM SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
TERPENE FRAGRANCE CHEMICALS
Millennium Specialty Chemicals is one of the world's leading producers of
chemicals derived from crude sulfate turpentine ('CST'), a by-product of the
kraft process of papermaking, and is the largest purchaser and distiller of CST
in the world. Millennium Specialty Chemicals' primary turpentine-based products
are intermediate fragrance chemicals, such as linalool and geraniol, which are
used in fragrance compounds and also provide the starting point for the
production of a number of other fragrance ingredients. In addition, Millennium
Specialty Chemicals supplies chemicals for use as flavors and in a number of
other industrial applications.
Millennium Specialty Chemicals operates manufacturing facilities for its
fragrance chemicals in Jacksonville, Florida, and Brunswick, Georgia. The
Jacksonville site has facilities for the fractionation of turpentine into alpha-
and beta-pinene, sophisticated equipment to further upgrade fragrance chemical
11
products, as well as manufacturing facilities for synthetic pine oil, anethole,
methyl chavicol and a number of other fragrance and flavor chemicals. The
Brunswick site produces linalool and geraniol from the alpha-pinene component of
CST, utilizing a proprietary and, the Company believes, unique technology. The
Company believes that this technology provides Millennium Specialty Chemicals
with a significant advantage in raw material availability and quality. The
Company's technology also has significant environmental advantages. Linalool and
geraniol produced at the Brunswick site are further processed at the
Jacksonville site to produce fragrance chemicals, including citral, citronellol
and pseudoionone. In addition, Millennium Specialty Chemicals operates the
world's largest dihydromyrcenol facility at Brunswick, with a rated annual
capacity of over five million pounds. In 1998, Millennium Specialty Chemicals
expanded its linalool and geraniol production capacities and began to utilize a
crystallization process to make anethole. This process has improved product
quality and lowered production costs. In addition, Millennium Specialty
Chemicals implemented the SAP software system at its sites in November 1998.
CST, which is Millennium Specialty Chemicals' key raw material for
producing fragrance chemicals, is a by-product of the kraft pulping process.
Millennium Specialty Chemicals purchases CST from approximately 50 pulp mills in
North America. Additionally, Millennium Specialty Chemicals purchases quantities
of gum turpentine or its derivatives from Asia, Europe and South America, as
business conditions dictate.
Millennium Specialty Chemicals has experienced tightness in CST supply from
time to time, together with corresponding price increases. Generally, Millennium
Specialty Chemicals seeks to enter into long-term supply contracts with pulp
mills in order to ensure a stable supply of CST. The sale of CST generates
relatively insignificant revenues and profits for the pulp mills that serve as
Millennium Specialty Chemicals' principal suppliers. Accordingly, Millennium
Specialty Chemicals attempts to work closely and cooperatively with its
suppliers and provides them with incentives to produce more CST. For example,
Millennium Specialty Chemicals employs two full-time employees whose sole
responsibility is to work with pulp mills to recover CST more efficiently and
economically.
Fragrance chemicals are used primarily in the production of perfumes. The
major consumers of perfumes worldwide are soap and detergent manufacturers.
Millennium Specialty Chemicals sells directly worldwide to major soap, detergent
and fabric conditioner manufacturers and fragrance compounders and, to a lesser
extent, producers of cosmetics and toiletries. Approximately 89% of Millennium
Specialty Chemicals' 1998 terpene fragrance chemical sales were to the fragrance
chemicals market, with additional sales to the pine oil cleaner and disinfectant
markets. Approximately 67% of Millennium Specialty Chemicals' 1998 terpene
fragrance chemical sales were made outside the U.S., to approximately 50
different countries. Sales are made primarily through Millennium Specialty
Chemicals' direct sales force, while agents and distributors are used in
outlying areas where volume does not justify full-time sales coverage.
The markets in which Millennium Specialty Chemicals' terpene fragrance
business competes are highly competitive. Millennium Specialty Chemicals
competes primarily on the basis of quality, service and the ability to conform
its products to the technical and qualitative requirements of its customers.
Millennium Specialty Chemicals works closely with many of its customers in
developing products to satisfy their specific requirements. Millennium Specialty
Chemicals' supply agreements with customers are typically short-term in duration
(up to one year). Therefore, its business is substantially dependent on
long-term customer relationships based upon quality, innovation and customer
service. Customers from time to time change the formulations of an end product
in which one of Millennium Specialty Chemicals' fragrance chemicals is used,
which may affect demand for such fragrance chemicals. Millennium Specialty
Chemicals' ten largest terpene chemical customers accounted for approximately
57% of its total sales in 1998. Millennium Specialty Chemicals' major
competitors are BASF AG, Hoffman-LaRoche Inc., Kuraray Co. LTD and Bush Boake
Allen Inc.
SILICA GEL
Millennium Specialty Chemicals produces several grades of fine-particle
silica gel at the St. Helena plant in Baltimore, Maryland, and markets them
internationally. Fine-particle silica gel is a chemically and biologically inert
form of silica with a particle size ranging from three to ten microns.
12
The Company's SiLCRON'r' brand of fine-particle silica is used in coatings
as a flatting or matting (gloss reduction) agent and to provide mar-resistance.
SiLCRON'r' is also used in food and pharmaceutical applications. SiL-PROOF'r'
grades of fine-particle silica gel are chill-proofing agents used to stabilize
chilled beer and prevent clouding. Fine-particle silica is distributed in dry
form in palletized bags by truck and ocean carrier.
CADMIUM-BASED PIGMENTS
Millennium Specialty Chemicals manufactures a line of cadmium-selenium
based colored pigments at the St. Helena, Maryland, plant and markets them
internationally. In addition to their brilliance, cadmium colors are light and
heat stable. These properties promote their use in such applications as artists'
colors, plastics and glass colors. Due to concern for the toxicity of heavy
metals, including cadmium, Millennium Specialty Chemicals has introduced
low-leaching cadmium-based pigments that meet all U.S. government requirements
for landfill disposal of non-hazardous waste. Colored pigments are distributed
in dry form in drums by truck and ocean carrier.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The Company's expenditures for research and development totaled $21
million, $28 million and $39 million in 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
Research and development expenditures at Millennium Petrochemicals decreased by
approximately $14 million in 1998 as compared to 1997 as a result of the
transfer of the polyethylene, alcohol and related products segment to Equistar
on December 1, 1997. Research and development expenditures at Millenium
Inorganic Chemicals increased by approximately $7 million from 1997 to 1998 due
to the French and Brazilian acquisitions and additional research and development
projects. Millennium Inorganic Chemicals has research facilities in Baltimore,
Maryland; Stallingborough, U.K.; and, Bunbury, Western Australia. In addition,
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals is building a new $18 million research center
near Baltimore, Maryland, which is scheduled to be officially opened in
September 1999. Millennium Specialty Chemicals has research facilities in
Jacksonville, Florida, and Baltimore (St. Helena), Maryland. Millennium
Petrochemicals leases laboratory space from Equistar in Cincinnati, Ohio. The
Company's research efforts are principally focused on improvements in process
technology, product development, technical service to customers, applications
research and product quality enhancements.
INTERNATIONAL EXPOSURE
The Company generates revenue from export sales (i.e., U.S.
dollar-denominated sales outside the U.S. by domestic operations), as well as
revenue from the Company's operations conducted outside the U.S. Export sales,
which are made to over 70 countries, amounted to approximately 10%, 9% and 9% of
total revenues in 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. Revenue from non-U.S.
operations amounted to approximately 38%, 12% and 11% of total revenues in 1998,
1997 and 1996, respectively, principally reflecting the operations of Millennium
Inorganic Chemicals in the U.K. and Western Australia and the addition of the
French operations on December 31, 1997, and the Brazilian operations on July 1,
1998. Identifiable assets of the non-U.S. operations represented 24% and 17% of
total identifiable assets at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively,
principally reflecting the assets of these operations. In addition, the Company
obtains a portion of its principal raw materials from sources outside the U.S.
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals obtains ores used in the production of TiO2 under
long-term contracts from a number of suppliers in South Africa, Australia,
Canada and Norway. Millennium Specialty Chemicals obtains a portion of its
requirements of CST and gum turpentine and its derivatives from suppliers in
Indonesia and other Asian countries, Europe and South America.
The Company's export sales and its non-U.S. manufacturing and sourcing are
subject to the usual risks of doing business abroad, such as fluctuations in
currency exchange rates, transportation delays and interruptions, political and
economic instability and disruptions, restrictions on the transfer of funds, the
imposition of duties and tariffs, import and export controls and changes in
governmental policies. The Company's exposure to the risks associated with doing
business abroad will increase as the
13
Company expands its worldwide operations. From time to time, the Company
utilizes financial derivative instruments to hedge the impact of currency
fluctuations in its purchases and sales.
The functional currency of each of the Company's non-U.S. operations
(principally, the operations of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals in the U.K.,
France, Brazil and Australia) is the local currency. Historically, the net
impact of currency translation has not been material to the Company's
consolidated results of operations or financial position. The recent
developments in Brazil regarding the devaluation of its currency, the real, are
not expected to have a material result on the Company's consolidated operations
since approximately two-thirds of its Brazilian sales are referenced to a
percentage of U.S. dollar prices. However, as a result of translating the
functional currency financial statements into U.S. dollars, consolidated
Shareholders' equity would decrease approximately $44 million as a result of
this devaluation, using the March 15, 1999 exchange rate. Future events, which
may significantly increase or decrease the risk of future movement in the real,
cannot be predicted.
EQUITY INTEREST IN EQUISTAR
Through its 29.5% interest in Equistar, the Company is a partner in the
largest producer of ethylene and polyethylene in North America, and a leading
producer of performance polymers, oxygenated chemicals, aromatics and specialty
chemicals. Equistar commenced operations on December 1, 1997, when the Company
contributed substantially all of the assets comprising its polyethylene, alcohol
and related products segment to Equistar and Lyondell contributed substantially
all the assets comprising its petrochemical and polymer business segments to
Equistar. On May 15, 1998, the Company and Lyondell expanded Equistar with the
addition of the ethylene, propylene, ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol and other
ethylene oxide derivatives businesses of Occidental's chemicals subsidiary.
Equistar is functionally divided into two business units, petrochemicals
and polymers. Equistar's petrochemical business unit manufactures and markets
oxygenated chemicals, olefins, aromatics and specialty chemicals, which are used
primarily in the manufacture of other chemicals and products, including the
production of polymers by Equistar and its customers. Equistar's primary olefin
products are ethylene, propylene and butadiene, which are used to produce
polyethylene, polypropylene, rubber and many other chemical and polymer
products. Its oxygenated chemicals include ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol,
ethanol and MTBE. Its aromatic products include benzene, which is used in the
production of nylon and polystyrene plastics, and toluene, which is used as a
component in gasoline and as a feedstock for producing benzene. Equistar's
specialty chemical products include dicyclopentadiene, isoprene, resin oil and
piperylenes, which are used to make adhesives, sealants and inks.
Equistar's polymer business unit manufactures and markets polyolefins,
including polyethylene, polypropylene and performance polymers, all of which are
used in the production of a wide variety of consumer and industrial products.
Equistar produces high density polyethylene ('HDPE'), low density polyethylene
('LDPE'), linear low density polyethylene ('LLDPE') and polypropylene.
Equistar's performance polymers include enhanced grades of polypropylene and
polyethylene, including wire and cable resins, concentrates and compounds and
polymeric powders.
MANAGEMENT OF EQUISTAR; AGREEMENTS BETWEEN EQUISTAR, LYONDELL, OCCIDENTAL AND
THE COMPANY
Equistar is a Delaware limited partnership. Millennium Petrochemicals owns
its 29.5% interest in Equistar through two wholly owned subsidiaries, one of
which serves as a general partner of Equistar and one of which serves as a
limited partner. The Amended and Restated Partnership Agreement of Equistar (the
'Equistar Partnership Agreement') governs, among other things, ownership, cash
distributions, capital contributions and management of Equistar.
The Equistar Partnership Agreement provides that Equistar is governed by a
Partnership Governance Committee consisting of nine representatives, three
appointed by each general partner. Matters requiring agreement by the
representatives of Lyondell, Occidental and Millennium Petrochemicals include
changes in the scope of Equistar's business, approval of the five-year Strategic
Plan (and annual updates thereof), the sale or purchase of assets or capital
expenditures of more than $30 million not contemplated by an approved Strategic
Plan, additional investments by Equistar's
14
partners not contemplated by an approved Strategic Plan if the partners are
required to contribute more than a total of $100 million in a specific year or
$300 million in a five-year period (except in specific circumstances set forth
under the Equistar Partnership Agreement), borrowing money under certain
circumstances, issuing or repurchasing equity securities of Equistar, hiring and
firing executive officers of Equistar (other than Equistar's Chief Executive
Officer), approving material compensation and benefit plans for employees,
commencing and settling material lawsuits, selecting or changing accountants or
accounting methods and merging or combining with another business. All decisions
of the Partnership Governance Committee that do not require consent of the
representatives of Lyondell, Occidental and Millennium Petrochemicals (including
approval of Equistar's annual budget, which must be consistent with the most
recently approved Strategic Plan, and selection of Equistar's Chief Executive
Officer, who must be reasonably acceptable to Millennium Petrochemicals and
Occidental) may be made by Lyondell's representatives alone. The day-to-day
operations of Equistar are managed by the executive officers of Equistar. Dan F.
Smith, the Chief Executive Officer of Lyondell, also serves as the Chief
Executive Officer of Equistar.
Millennium Petrochemicals and Equistar entered into an agreement on
December 1, 1997, providing for the transfer of assets to Equistar. Among other
things, such agreement sets forth representations and warranties by Millennium
Petrochemicals with respect to the transferred assets and requires
indemnification by Millennium Petrochemicals with respect to such assets. Such
agreement also provides for the assumption of certain liabilities by Equistar,
subject to specified limitations. Lyondell and affiliates of Occidental entered
into a similar agreements with Equistar with respect to the transfer of their
respective assets and Equistar's assumption of liabilities.
Equistar is party to a number of agreements with Millennium Petrochemicals
for the provision of services, utilities and materials from one party to the
other at common locations, principally La Porte, Texas, and Cincinnati, Ohio. In
general, the goods and services under these agreements, other than the purchase
of ethylene by Millennium Petrochemicals from Equistar and the purchase of VAM
by Equistar from Millennium Petrochemicals, are provided at cost. Millennium
Petrochemicals purchases its ethylene requirements at market-based prices from
Equistar pursuant to a long-term contract. Equistar purchases its VAM
requirements from Millennium Petrochemicals at a formula-based price pursuant to
a long-term contract. Lyondell and affiliates of Occidental also entered into
agreements with Equistar for the provision of services. The Company, Lyondell
and an affiliate of Occidental have agreed to guarantee the obligations of their
respective subsidiaries under each of the agreements discussed above, including
the Equistar Partnership Agreement and the asset-transfer agreements.
EQUISTAR'S PETROCHEMICAL BUSINESS UNIT
Overview: Equistar produces petrochemicals at twelve facilities located in
six states. The Chocolate Bayou, Corpus Christi and two Channelview, Texas,
olefin plants primarily use petroleum liquid feedstocks, including naphtha,
condensates and gas oils (collectively, 'Petroleum Liquids'), to produce
ethylene. The cost of ethylene production from Petroleum Liquids historically
has been less than the cost of producing ethylene from natural gas liquid
feedstocks, including ethane, propane and butane (collectively, 'NGLs'). The use
of Petroleum Liquids results in the production of a significant amount of
co-products such as propylene, butadiene, benzene and toluene, and specialty
products such as dicyclopentadiene, isoprene, resin oil, piperylenes, hydrogen
and alkylate.
Equistar's Morris, Illinois; Clinton, Iowa; Lake Charles, Louisiana; and,
La Porte, Texas, plants are designed to use primarily NGLs which produce
primarily ethylene with some co-products, such as propylene. The La Porte plant
has recently been modified to allow for partial use of Petroleum Liquid
feedstocks. A comprehensive pipeline system connects the Gulf Coast plants with
major olefins customers. Feedstocks are sourced both internationally and
domestically and are shipped via vessel and pipeline.
Equistar produces ethylene oxide and its primary derivative, ethylene
glycol, at facilities located at Pasadena, Texas, and through a joint venture
located in Beaumont, Texas, that is 50% owned by Equistar and 50% owned by
DuPont. The Pasadena facility also produces other ethylene oxide derivatives,
principally ethers and ethanolamine. Ethylene glycol is used in antifreeze and
in polyester fibers, resins and films. The other ethylene oxide derivatives are
used in many consumer and industrial
15
end uses, such as detergents and surfactants, brake fluids and polyurethane
foams for seating and bedding.
Equistar produces synthetic ethyl alcohol at its Tuscola, Illinois, plant
by a direct hydration process that combines water and ethylene. Equistar also
owns and operates facilities in Newark, New Jersey, and Anaheim, California, for
denaturing ethyl alcohol by the addition of certain chemicals. In addition, it
produces small volumes of diethyl ether, a by-product of its ethyl alcohol
production at Tuscola. These ethyl alcohol products are ingredients in various
consumer and industrial products as described more fully in the table below.
The following table outlines Equistar's primary petrochemical products,
annual rated capacity and the primary uses for such products.
RATED
PRODUCT CAPACITY(A) PRIMARY USES
- --------------------------- --------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------
Olefins:
Ethylene.............. 11.5 billion pounds Ethylene is used as a feedstock to manufacture
polyethylene, ethylene oxide, ethylene dichloride, VAM
and ethylbenzene.
Propylene............. 5.0 billion Propylene is used to produce polypropylene,
pounds(b) acrylonitrile and propylene oxide.
Butadiene............. 1.2 billion pounds Butadiene is used to manufacture styrene butadiene
rubber and polybutadiene rubber, which are used in the
manufacture of tires, hoses, gaskets and other rubber
products. Butadiene is also used in the production of
paints, adhesives, nylon clothing, carpets and
engineered plastics.
Oxygenated Products:
Ethylene oxide
('EO') and
equivalents
('EOE')............. 1.1 billion pounds EOE; 400 EO is used to produce surfactants, industrial
million pounds as pure EO cleaners, cosmetics, emulsifiers, paint, heat transfer
fluids and ethylene glycol.
Ethylene glycol....... 1 billion pounds Ethylene glycol is used to produce polyester fibers
and film, PET resin, heat transfer fluids, paint and
automobile antifreeze.
Ethylene oxide
derivatives......... 225 million pounds Ethylene oxide derivatives are used to produce paint
and coatings, polishes, solvents and chemical
intermediates.
MTBE.................. 284 million gallons MTBE is an octane enhancer and clean fuel additive in
(18,500 barrels/day)(c) reformulated gasoline.
Aromatics:
Benzene............... 301 million gallons Benzene is used to produce styrene, phenol and
cyclohexane. These products are used in the production
of nylon, plastics, rubber and polystyrene.
Polystyrene is used in life preservers, food packaging
and drinking cups.
Toluene............... 66 million gallons Toluene is used as an octane enhancer in gasoline and
as a chemical feedstock for benzene production.
(table continued on next page)
16
(table continued from previous page)
RATED
PRODUCT CAPACITY(A) PRIMARY USES
- --------------------------- --------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------
Specialty Products:
Dicyclopentadiene
('DCPD')............ 80 million pounds DCPD is a component of inks, adhesives and polyester
resins for molded parts such as tub and shower stalls
and boat hulls.
Isoprene.............. 105 million pounds Isoprene is a component of premium tires, adhesive
sealants and other rubber products.
Resin oil............. 120 million pounds Resin oil is used in the production of
hot-melt-adhesives, inks, sealants, paints and
varnishes.
Piperylenes........... 100 million pounds Piperylenes are used in the production of adhesives,
inks and sealants.
Hydrogen.............. 44 billion cubic feet Hydrogen is used by refineries to remove sulfur from
process gas in heavy crude oil.
Alkylate.............. 337 million gallons(d) Alkylate is a premium blending component used by
refiners to meet Clean Air Act standards for
reformulated gasoline.
Ethyl alcohol......... 50 million gallons Ethyl alcohol is used in the production of solvents as
well as household, medicinal and personal care
products.
Diethyl ether......... 5 million gallons Diethyl ether is used in laboratory reagents, gasoline
and diesel engine starting fluid, liniments,
analgesics and smokeless gun powder.
- ------------
(a) Unless otherwise specified, represents rated capacity at January 1, 1999,
as determined by Equistar's management. Capacities shown include 100% of
the capacity of Equistar.
(b) Does not include refinery grade material or production from the product
flexibility unit at Equistar's Channelview, Texas, facility, which can
convert ethylene and other light petrochemicals into propylene and has a
current rated capacity of one billion pounds per year of propylene.
(c) Includes up to 44 million gallons per year of capacity which is operated
for the benefit of LYONDELL-CITGO Refining LP, a joint venture owned by
Lyondell and CITGO Petroleum Corporation ('LCR').
(d) Includes up to 172 million gallons per year of capacity which is operated
for the benefit of LCR.
Feedstocks: Olefin feedstock cost is generally the largest component of
total cost for the petrochemicals business. Olefin plants that have the
flexibility to consume a wide range of feedstocks generally are able to maintain
higher profitability during periods of changing energy and petrochemical prices
than olefin plants that are restricted in their feedstock processing capability.
Equistar's Channelview, Texas, facility is unusually flexible in that it can
process 100% Petroleum Liquids or up to 80% NGL feedstocks. The Corpus Christi
plant can process up to 70% Petroleum Liquids or up to 70% NGLs. The Chocolate
Bayou facility processes 100% Petroleum Liquids. Three of Equistar's four other
olefin facilities currently process only NGLs. Equistar has recently upgraded
the La Porte, Texas, facility to integrate the operations of the La Porte and
Channelview facilities to permit the La Porte facility to process 30% to 40%
Petroleum Liquids and the Channelview facility to process the co-products
resulting from the processing of Petroleum Liquids at La Porte.
The majority of Equistar's Petroleum Liquid requirements are obtained under
contracts or on the spot market from a variety of third-party domestic and
foreign sources. Equistar purchases NGLs from a wide variety of domestic
sources. Equistar obtains a portion of its olefin feedstock requirements from
LCR at market-based prices.
17
Marketing and Sales: Ethylene produced by the La Porte, Morris and Clinton
facilities is generally consumed as feedstock by the polymer operations at those
sites, except for the ethylene produced at La Porte and sold to Millennium
Petrochemicals for its VAM production. Ethylene and propylene produced at the
Channelview, Corpus Christi, Chocolate Bayou and Lake Charles olefin plants are
generally distributed by pipeline or via exchange agreements to Equistar's Gulf
Coast polymer and ethylene oxide facilities as well as to other third parties.
As of December 31, 1998, approximately 75% of the ethylene produced by Equistar
was consumed internally or sold to Equistar's affiliates based on current market
prices.
With respect to sales to third parties, Equistar sells a majority of its
olefin products to customers with whom its partners have had long-standing
relationships. In any one of the past three years, no single unrelated
third-party customer has accounted for more than ten percent of the
petrochemical business unit's revenue. Sales to third parties generally are made
pursuant to written agreements which typically provide for monthly negotiation
of price. The contracts typically require the customer to purchase a specified
minimum quantity. Contract terms are typically three to six years, with
automatic one- or two-year term extension provisions. Some contracts are subject
to early termination if deliveries have been suspended for several months.
Most of the ethylene and propylene production of the Channelview, Chocolate
Bayou, Corpus Christi and Lake Charles facilities is shipped via a 1,430-mile
pipeline system which has connections to numerous Gulf Coast ethylene and
propylene consumers. This pipeline system, part of which is owned and part of
which is leased by Equistar, extends from Corpus Christi to Mont Belvieu to Port
Arthur, Texas, as well as around the Lake Charles, Louisiana, area. In addition,
exchange agreements with other olefin producers allow access to customers who
are not directly connected to Equistar's pipeline system. Some propylene is
shipped by ocean-going vessel. Ethylene oxide and its derivatives are shipped by
railcar. Butadiene, aromatics and other petrochemicals are distributed by
pipeline, railcar, truck, barge and ocean-going vessel.
EQUISTAR'S POLYMER BUSINESS UNIT
Overview: Through twelve facilities located in four states, Equistar's
polymer business unit manufactures a wide variety of polyolefins, including
polyethylene, polypropylene and various performance polymers.
Equistar currently manufactures polyethylene using a variety of
technologies at six facilities in Texas and at its Morris, Illinois, and
Clinton, Iowa, facilities. The Morris and Clinton facilities are the only
polyethylene facilities located in the Midwest and enjoy a freight cost
advantage over Gulf Coast producers in delivering products to customers in the
Midwest and on the East Coast of the U.S.
Equistar's Morris, Illinois, and Pasadena, Texas, facilities manufacture
polypropylene using propylene produced as a co-product of Equistar's ethylene
production as well as propylene purchased from third parties. Equistar also
produces performance polymer products, which include enhanced grades of
polyethylene and polypropylene, at several of its polymers facilities. Equistar
produces concentrates and compounds at its facilities in Crockett, Texas, and
Heath, Ohio. Concentrates and compounds are polyethylene compounds impregnated
with additives and/or pigments and sold to converters who mix the compounds with
larger volumes of polymers, including polyethylene, to produce various products.
Equistar has announced its intention to sell the concentrates and compounds
business. Equistar produces wire and cable resins and compounds at Morris,
Illinois; La Porte and Crockett, Texas; Tuscola, Illinois; and, Fairport Harbor,
Ohio. Wire and cable resins and compounds are used to insulate copper and fiber
optic wiring in power, telecommunication, computer and automobile applications.
18
The following table outlines Equistar's polymer and performance polymer
products, annual rated capacity and the primary uses for such products:
RATED PRIMARY
PRODUCT CAPACITY(A) USES
- --------------------------- --------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------
High density polyethylene
('HDPE')................. 3.4 billion pounds(b) HDPE is used to manufacture grocery, merchandise and
trash bags; food containers for items from frozen
desserts to margarine; plastic caps and closures;
liners for boxes of cereal and crackers; plastic drink
cups and toys; dairy crates; bread trays and pails for
items from paint to fresh fruits and vegetables;
safety equipment such as hard hats; house wrap for
insulation; bottles for household/industrial chemicals
and motor oil; milk/water/juice bottles; and, large
(rotomolded) tanks for storing liquids like
agricultural and lawn care chemicals.
Low density polyethylene
('LDPE')................. 1.7 billion pounds LDPE is used to manufacture food packaging films;
plastic bottles for packaging food and personal care
items; dry cleaning bags; ice bags; pallet shrink
wrap; heavy-duty bags for mulch and potting soil;
boil-in-bag bags; coatings on flexible packaging
products, and, coatings on paper board such as milk
cartons. Specialized forms of LDPE are Ethyl Methyl
Acrylate, which provides adhesion in a variety of
applications; and, Ethylene Vinyl Acetate, which is
used in foamed sheets, bag-in-box bags, vacuum cleaner
hoses, medical tubing, clear sheet protectors and
flexible binders.
Linear low density
polyethylene ('LLDPE')... 1.1 billion pounds LLDPE is used to manufacture garbage and lawn-leaf
bags; housewares; lids for coffee cans and margarine
tubs; and, large (rotomolded) toys like outdoor gym
sets.
Wire and cable resins and
compounds................ (c) Wire and cable resins and compounds are used to
insulate copper and fiber optic wiring in power,
telecommunication, computer and automobile
applications.
Polymeric powders.......... (c) Polymeric powders are component products in structural
and bulk molding compounds, parting agents and filters
for appliance, automotive and plastics processing
industries.
(table continued on next page)
19
(table continued from previous page)
RATED PRIMARY
PRODUCT CAPACITY(A) USES
- --------------------------- --------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------
Concentrates and
compounds................ 150 million pounds Concentrates and compounds provide color in film,
bottles and foam sheets; the 'slip' that keeps film
from sticking together; flame retardancy; resistance
to UV radiation; and, the 'gas bubbles' to make foamed
plastic products.
Polypropylene.............. 680 million pounds Polypropylene is used to manufacture fibers for
carpets, rugs and upholstery; housewares; automotive
battery cases; automotive fascia, running boards and
bumpers; grid-type flooring for sports facilities;
fishing tackle boxes; and, bottle caps and closures.
Polymers for adhesives,
sealants and coatings.... (c) Polymers are components in hot-metal adhesive
formulations for case, carton and beverage package
sealing; glue sticks; automotive sealants; carpet
backing; and, adhesive labels.
Reactive polyolefins....... (c) Reactive polyolefin, are functionalized polymers used
to bond non-polar and polar substrates in barrier food
packaging, wire and cable insulation and jacketing,
automotive gas tanks and metal coating applications.
Liquid polyolefins......... (c) Liquid polyolefins are a diesel fuel additive to
inhibit freezing.
- ------------
(a) Unless otherwise specified, represents rated capacity at January 1, 1999.
Capacities shown include 100% of the capacity of Equistar.
(b) Equistar increased its HDPE capacity by approximately 125 million pounds in
1998. The idling of a portion of the Port Arthur facility effective March
31, 1999, will result in a decrease in the stated capacity by 300 million
pounds at the end of the first quarter of 1999. A 480 million pound HDPE
resin expansion project at the Matagorda facility has a targeted start-up
in the third quarter of 1999.
(c) These are enhanced grades of polyethylene and are included in the capacity
figures for HDPE, LDPE and LLDPE, above, as appropriate.
Feedstocks: With the exception of the Chocolate Bayou polyethylene plant,
Equistar's polyethylene and polypropylene production facilities can receive
their ethylene and propylene directly from Equistar's petrochemical facilities
via Equistar's olefin pipeline system or Equistar's own production at the site.
The polyethylene plants at Chocolate Bayou, La Porte, Port Arthur and Pasadena,
Texas, are pipeline-connected to third parties and can receive ethylene via
exchanges or purchases. The polypropylene facility at Morris, Illinois, also
receives propylene from a third party.
Marketing and Sales: Equistar's polymer products are primarily sold to an
extensive base of established customers, many under term contracts, typically
having a duration of one to three years. The remainder is generally sold without
contractual term commitments. In either case, in most of the continuous supply
relationships, prices are subject to change upon mutual agreement between
Equistar and the customer.
Polymers are primarily distributed via railcar. Equistar owns or leases,
pursuant to long-term lease arrangements, approximately 10,000 railcars for use
in its polymer business. Equistar sells its polymer products in the United
States primarily through its own sales organization. It generally engages sales
agents to market its products in the rest of the world.
20
LA PORTE METHANOL COMPANY
The La Porte Methanol Company is a Delaware limited partnership that owns a
methanol plant and certain related facilities in La Porte, Texas. The
partnership is owned 85% by Millennium Petrochemicals and 15% by Linde. Linde is
also required to purchase, under certain circumstances, an additional 5%
interest in the partnership. A wholly-owned subsidiary of Millennium
Petrochemicals is the managing general partner of the partnership. A wholly
owned subsidiary of Linde is responsible for operating the methanol plant. The
partnership commenced operations on January 18, 1999, when the methanol plant
and certain related facilities owned by Millennium Petrochemicals were
contributed to the partnership and Linde purchased its partnership interest from
Millennium Petrochemicals.
La Porte Methanol Company's methanol plant had an annual production
capacity of 207 million gallons as of December 31, 1998, and the same amount as
of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The plant employs a process
supplied by a major engineering and construction firm to produce methanol.
Methanol is used primarily as a feedstock to produce acetic acid, MTBE and
formaldehyde. Millennium Petrochemicals uses approximately 80 million gallons of
La Porte Methanol Company's annual methanol production for the manufacture of
acetic acid at Millennium Petrochemicals' La Porte, Texas, acetic acid plant.
The methanol produced by La Porte Methanol Company which is not consumed by
Millennium Petrochemicals currently is marketed by Millennium Petrochemicals on
behalf of Millennium Petrochemicals and Linde. Methanol is sold under contract
as well as on a spot basis to large domestic customers. These contracts range in
term from one to four years. The product is shipped by barge.
The principal raw materials for the production of methanol are carbon
monoxide and hydrogen, collectively termed synthesis gas or syngas. These raw
materials are largely supplied to La Porte Methanol Company from the syngas
plant at La Porte, Texas, owned by Millennium Petrochemicals and leased to Linde
pursuant to a long-term lease that commenced January 18, 1999. La Porte Methanol
Company also purchases relatively small volumes of hydrogen from time to time
from other parties. As a result primarily of the conversion of the syngas plant
from a residuum (heavy oil) feedstock to natural gas feedstock in late 1996, the
capacity of the methanol plant at La Porte increased from 140 million gallons to
207 million gallons per year and methanol production costs were reduced
substantially.
La Porte Methanol Company's principal competitors in the methanol business
are Methanex Company, Saudi Basic Industries Corporation, Lyondell Methanol
Company, L.P., Borden, Inc. and Caribbean Petrochemical Marketing Company
Limited. The methanol produced by Lyondell Methanol Company, L.P. is marketed by
Equistar.
EQUITY INTEREST IN SUBURBAN PROPANE
An indirect subsidiary of the Company serves as general partner of Suburban
Propane, a Delaware limited partnership whose common units trade on the New York
Stock Exchange under the symbol 'SPH.' In March 1996, in connection with its
initial public offering, Suburban Propane acquired, through an operating
partnership, the propane business and assets of Millennium Petrochemicals'
former Suburban Propane division.
Suburban Propane is the third-largest retail marketer of propane in the
U.S., serving more than 700,000 active residential, commercial, industrial and
agricultural customers from more than 340 customer service centers in more than
40 states. Suburban Propane's operations are concentrated in the east and west
coast regions of the U.S. The retail propane sales volume of Suburban Propane
was approximately 530 million gallons during its fiscal year ended September 26,
1998. Based on industry statistics, Suburban Propane believes that its retail
propane sales volume constitutes approximately 6% of the U.S. retail market for
propane. For its fiscal year ended September 26, 1998, Suburban Propane reported
total revenues of approximately $667 million and net income of approximately $38
million. At September 26, 1998, Suburban Propane reported total assets of
approximately $730 million. For the three months ended December 26, 1998,
Suburban Propane reported total revenues of approximately $161 million and net
income of approximately $16 million.
The Company has a 2% general partnership interest and a 24.4% subordinated
limited partnership interest, each on a combined basis, in Suburban Propane and
the operating partnership. Under the
21
partnership agreement governing Suburban Propane, Suburban Propane is managed
by, or under the direction of, a seven-member Board of Supervisors. Two of the
supervisors are appointed by the general partner; the holders of the limited
partnership interests and subordinated limited partnership interests, voting as
a class, elect three of the supervisors; and these five supervisors elect two
executive officers of Suburban Propane as the remaining two supervisors. The
Company agreed, subject to certain limitations, to contribute up to $43.6
million, on a revolving basis, to Suburban Propane to enhance its ability to
make quarterly cash distributions to its limited partners through the quarter
ending March 31, 2001. To date, the Company has contributed $22 million of the
aforementioned $43.6 million to support distribution payments to the limited
partners of Suburban Propane. Suburban Propane paid a distribution of $0.50 per
common unit for the quarter ended June 29, 1996, and for each quarter
thereafter, but, commencing with the quarter ended December 28, 1996, has not
paid a distribution with respect to the subordinated limited partnership units
held by the Company.
On November 27, 1998, the Company signed definitive agreements to sell its
general partnership interests in Suburban Propane and its operating partnership
to Suburban Energy Services Group LLC, an entity formed by Suburban Propane's
management. In addition, as part of a recapitalization of Suburban Propane,
Suburban Propane agreed to redeem the Company's limited partnership interests in
Suburban Propane and its operating partnership. Total cash proceeds to the
Company will be $75 million. Upon the closing of such transactions, which is
expected in the second quarter of 1999, the Company will be relieved of its
obligations to make contributions to Suburban Propane, as discussed in the
preceding paragraph. The Company accounts for its interest in Suburban Propane
as a discontinued operation.
EMPLOYEES
At December 31, 1998, excluding employees of Equistar, Suburban Propane and
La Porte Methanol Company, the Company had approximately 5,300 full and
part-time employees and contractors, including approximately 1,200 employees of
Tibras, which was acquired by the Company on July 1, 1998. Approximately 4,350
of the Company's employees and contractors were engaged in manufacturing; 600
were engaged in sales, distribution and technology; 285 were engaged in
administrative, executive and support functions at the Company's operating
subsidiaries; and, 65 were engaged at the corporate level. Approximately 28% of
the Company's employees are represented by various labor unions. Of the
Company's nine collective bargaining agreements or other required labor
negotiations, four must be renegotiated on an annual basis, four must be
renegotiated in 2000 and one must be renegotiated in 2001. The annual
renegotiations are all outside the U.S. The Company believes that the relations
of its operating subsidiaries with employees and unions are generally good.
ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
The Company's businesses are subject to extensive federal, state, local and
foreign laws, regulations, rules and ordinances concerning, among other things,
emissions to the air, discharges and releases to land and water, the generation,
handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of wastes and other
materials and the remediation of environmental pollution caused by releases of
wastes and other materials ('Environmental Laws'). The operation of any chemical
manufacturing plant and the distribution of chemical products entail risks under
Environmental Laws, many of which provide for substantial fines and criminal
sanctions for violations. There can be no assurance that material costs or
liabilities will not be incurred with respect to such operations and activities.
In particular, the production of TiO2, TiCl4, methanol and certain other
chemicals involves the handling, manufacture or use of substances or compounds
that may be considered to be toxic or hazardous within the meaning of certain
Environmental Laws, and certain operations have the potential to cause
environmental or other damage. Potentially significant expenditures could be
required in connection with the repair or upgrade of facilities in order to meet
existing or new requirements under Environmental Laws as well as in connection
with the investigation and remediation of threatened or actual pollution.
The Company's costs and operating expenses relating to environmental
matters were approximately $29 million, $57 million and $62 million in 1998,
1997 and 1996, respectively. These amounts cover, among other things, the
Company's cost of complying with environmental regulations and permit
conditions, as well as managing and minimizing its waste. Capital expenditures
for environmental
22
compliance and remediation were approximately $8 million, $13 million and $22
million in 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. In addition, capital expenditures
for projects in the normal course of operations and major expansions include
costs associated with the environmental impact of those projects which are
inseparable from the overall project cost. Capital expenditures and costs and
operating expenses relating to environmental matters for years after 1998 will
be subject to evolving regulatory requirements and will depend, to some extent,
on the amount of time required to obtain necessary permits and approvals.
From time to time, various agencies may serve cease and desist orders or
notices of violation on an operating unit or deny its applications for certain
licenses or permits, in each case alleging that the practices of the operating
unit are not consistent with the regulations or ordinances. In some cases, the
relevant operating unit may seek to meet with the agency to determine mutually
acceptable methods of modifying or eliminating the practice in question. The
Company believes that its operating units should be able to achieve compliance
with the applicable regulations and ordinances in a manner which should not have
a material adverse effect on its business or results of operations. A citation
previously issued by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
('OSHA') against Millennium Petrochemicals with proposed penalties of
approximately $154,000 for alleged violation of OSHA regulations in connection
with a fire at the La Porte, Texas, complex in which two workers were injured,
was settled in October 1997 for $50,000. OSHA agreed that the injuries were not
related to the alleged violations. In April 1997, the Illinois Attorney
General's Office filed a complaint seeking monetary sanctions for releases into
the environment at Millennium Petrochemicals' Morris, Illinois, plant (which was
contributed to Equistar on December 1, 1997) in alleged violation of state
regulations, and a civil penalty in excess of $100,000 could result. Equistar
has agreed to indemnify Millennium Petrochemicals for such third party claims,
subject to an aggregate limitation of $7 million on the indemnification of
certain third party claims, as specified in the Asset Contribution Agreement
between Equistar and Millennium Petrochemicals.
Certain Company subsidiaries have been named as defendants, potentially
responsible parties ('PRPs'), or both, in a number of environmental proceedings
associated with waste disposal sites and facilities currently or previously
owned, operated or used by the Company's subsidiaries or their predecessors,
some of which disposal sites or facilities are on the Superfund National
Priorities List of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ('EPA') or similar
state lists. These proceedings seek cleanup costs, damages for personal injury
or property damage, or both. Certain of these proceedings involve claims for
substantial amounts, individually ranging in estimates from less than $300,000
to $45 million. The Company believes that the range of potential liability for
environmental and other legal contingencies, collectively, which primarily
relate to environmental remediation activities and other environmental
proceedings, is between $150 million and $176 million and has accrued $176
million as of December 31, 1998. One potentially significant matter in which a
Company subsidiary is a PRP concerns alleged PCB contamination of a section of
the Kalamazoo River from Kalamazoo, Michigan, to Lake Michigan for which a
remedial investigation/feasibility study is currently being undertaken.
Potential remediation costs related to this matter that are reasonably probable
have been included in the collective range of potential liability referred to
above, as well as in the accrual for environmental matters on the Company's
balance sheet. The accrual also reflects the fact that certain Company
subsidiaries have contractual obligations to indemnify the purchasers of certain
discontinued operations against certain environmental liabilities and that the
Company agreed as part of the Demerger transactions to indemnify Hanson and
certain of its subsidiaries against certain of such contractual indemnification
obligations. No assurance can be given that actual costs will not exceed accrued
amounts for the sites and indemnification obligations for which estimates have
been made and no assurance can be given that costs will not be incurred with
respect to sites and indemnification obligations which are unknown or as to
which no estimate presently can be made.
Several Company subsidiaries have asserted claims and/or instituted
litigation against their insurance carriers alleging that all or a portion of
the past and future costs of investigating, monitoring and conducting response
actions at previously or currently owned and/or operated properties and off-site
landfills are the subject of coverage under various insurance policies. During
1995, a Company subsidiary entered into settlement agreements in one such case
with a number of insurance carriers relating to coverage for environmental
contamination at present and former plant and landfill sites in
23
the aggregate amount of approximately $60 million, of which approximately $58
million has been received, with the balance of such payments being made over
time. During 1998, other Company subsidiaries entered into settlement agreements
with a number of insurance carriers relating to coverage for environmental
contamination at other present and former plants and landfill sites in the
aggregate amount of approximately $25 million, approximately $24 million of
which has been received. In addition, several Company subsidiaries have asserted
claims and/or instituted litigation against various entities alleging that they
are responsible for all or a portion of such costs. Management is unable to
predict the outcome of such claims and litigation. Accordingly, for purposes of
financial reporting and establishing provisions, the Company has not assumed any
such recoveries, except where payment has been received or the amount of
liability or contribution by such other parties has been agreed.
The Company cannot predict whether future developments in laws and
regulations concerning environmental protection will affect its earnings or cash
flow in a materially adverse manner or whether its operating units will be
successful in meeting future demands of regulatory agencies in a manner which
will not materially adversely affect the Company's combined financial condition,
results of operations or liquidity.
PATENTS, TRADEMARKS AND LICENSES
The Company's subsidiaries have numerous U.S. and foreign patents,
registered trademarks and trade names, together with applications and licenses
therefor. Millennium Petrochemicals has entered into a number of licensing
arrangements with respect to the manufacture of VAM. Millennium Petrochemicals
is also licensed by others in the application of certain processes and equipment
designs. Millennium Petrochemicals holds a license from British Petroleum for
its process for producing acetic acid. Generally, upon expiration of the
licenses, the licensee continues to be entitled to use the technology without
payment of a royalty. Millennium Inorganic Chemicals generally does not license
its proprietary processes to third parties or hold licenses from others. While
the patents, licenses, proprietary technologies and trademarks of the Company's
subsidiaries provide certain competitive advantages and are considered
important, particularly with regard to processing technologies such as
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals' proprietary chloride-production process,
Millennium Petrochemicals' proprietary low-water acetic acid process and
Millennium Specialty Chemicals' proprietary terpene chemistry process, the
Company does not consider its business, as a whole, to be materially dependent
upon any one particular patent, license, proprietary technology or trademark.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The following individuals serve as executive officers of the Company:
NAME POSITION
- ------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------
William M. Landuyt.................. Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive
Officer
Robert E. Lee....................... President and Chief Executive Officer of Millennium
Inorganic Chemicals
George W. Robbins................... President and Chief Executive Officer of Millennium
Specialty Chemicals
Peter P. Hanik...................... President and Chief Executive Officer of Millennium
Petrochemicals
George H. Hempstead, III............ Senior Vice President -- Law and Administration and
Secretary
John E. Lushefski................... Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
C. William Carmean.................. Vice President -- Legal
Marie S. Dreher..................... Vice President and Corporate Controller
A. Mickey Foster.................... Vice President -- Investor Relations
Richard A. Lamond................... Vice President -- Human Resources
Francis V. Lloyd.................... Vice President -- Tax
James A. Lofredo.................... Vice President -- Corporate Development
Christine F. Wubbolding............. Vice President and Treasurer
24
Mr. Landuyt, 43, has served as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive
Officer of the Company since the Demerger. He has served as the President of the
Company since June 1997. Mr. Landuyt was Director, President and Chief Executive
Officer of Hanson Industries (which managed the U.S. operations of Hanson until
the Demerger) from June 1995 until the Demerger, a Director of Hanson from 1992
until September 29, 1996, Finance Director of Hanson from 1992 to May 1995, and
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Hanson Industries from 1988 to
1992. He joined Hanson Industries in 1983. He is a member and a Co-Chairman of
the Partnership Governance Committee of Equistar. He is also a director of
Bethlehem Steel Corporation and the Chemical Manufacturers Association.
Mr. Lee, 42, has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals since June 1997. From the Demerger to June 1997,
he served as the President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company. He has
been a Director of the Company since the Demerger. Mr. Lee was a Director and
the Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Hanson Industries from
June 1995 until the Demerger, an Associate Director of Hanson from 1992 until
the Demerger, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Hanson Industries
from 1992 to June 1995, Vice President and Treasurer of Hanson Industries from
1990 to 1992, and Treasurer of Hanson Industries from 1987 to 1990. He joined
Hanson Industries in 1982.
Mr. Robbins, 58, has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of
Millennium Specialty Chemicals since 1986. He was an Associate Director of
Hanson from May 1995 until the Demerger and a Director of Hanson Industries from
June 1995 until the Demerger. Mr. Robbins joined SCM Corporation in 1982 as Vice
President and General Manager of the SCM Organic Chemicals Division. He has been
associated with the plastic and chemical industries for almost 30 years. He is a
member of the Partnership Governance Committee of Equistar.
Mr. Hanik, 52, has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of
Millennium Petrochemicals since March 1998. Prior to that time, he was Vice
President, Chemicals and Supply Chain, where he was responsible for the
Company's acetyls business. Mr. Hanik joined Millennium Petrochemicals in 1974
and has been associated with the plastic and chemical industries for 30 years.
Mr. Hempstead, 55, has served as Senior Vice President -- Law and
Administration and Secretary of the Company since the Demerger. He was Senior
Vice President -- Law and Administration of Hanson Industries from June 1995
until the Demerger, an Associate Director of Hanson from 1990 until the
Demerger, and a Director of Hanson Industries from 1986 until the Demerger. Mr.
Hempstead was Senior Vice President and General Counsel of Hanson Industries
from 1993 to June 1995 and Vice President and General Counsel of Hanson
Industries from 1982 to 1993. He initially joined Hanson Industries in 1976.
Mr. Hempstead is a member of the Board of Supervisors of Suburban Propane.
Mr. Lushefski, 43, has served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer of the Company since the Demerger. He was a Director and the Senior Vice
President and Chief Financial Officer of Hanson Industries from June 1995 until
the Demerger. He was Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Peabody
Holding Company, a Hanson subsidiary which held Hanson's coal mining operations,
from 1991 to May 1995 and Vice President and Controller of Hanson Industries
from 1990 to 1991. Mr. Lushefski initially joined Hanson Industries in 1985.
Mr. Lushefski is a member of the Equistar Partnership Governance Committee and
the Board of Supervisors of Suburban Propane.
Mr. Carmean, 46, has served as Vice President -- Legal of the Company since
December 1997. He was Associate General Counsel of the Company from the Demerger
to December 1997, Associate General Counsel of Hanson Industries from 1993 to
the Demerger, and Corporate Counsel of Quantum Chemical Company from 1990 until
its acquisition by Hanson in 1993. Prior to 1990, he was Associate General
Counsel of Squibb Corporation.
Ms. Dreher, 40, has served as Corporate Controller of the Company since the
Demerger and was elected a Vice President in October 1996. She was Director of
Planning and Budgeting of Hanson Industries from November 1995 until the
Demerger. She joined Hanson Industries in January 1994 as Assistant Corporate
Controller with principal responsibilities focused on tax, environmental and
financial compliance matters. She is a certified public accountant. Prior to
joining Hanson Industries, she was a Senior Manager at Ernst & Young LLP.
25
Mr. Foster, 43, has served as Vice President -- Investor Relations of the
Company since the Demerger. He was Vice President -- Investor Relations of
Hanson Industries from August 1992 until the Demerger. Mr. Foster held investor
relation positions with Atlantic Richfield and Pacific Enterprises from 1983 to
1992. He is a past Chairman of the National Investor Relations Institute.
Mr. Lamond, 52, has served as Vice President -- Human Resources of the
Company since November 1997. He served as Vice President -- Human Resources for
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals from March 1997 to November 1997 and as Vice
President -- Human Resources for Grove Worldwide, a subsidiary of Hanson, from
September 1994 to March 1997. He served as the Director -- Organization
Development and Compensation and Benefits of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals for
the balance of the past five years.
Mr. Lloyd, 59, has served as Vice President -- Tax of the Company since the
Demerger. He was Vice President -- Tax of Hanson Industries from 1993 until the
Demerger. Mr. Lloyd joined Hanson Industries in 1987 and was Senior Director of
Tax of Hanson Industries from 1987 to 1993. Prior thereto, he was Vice President
and Director of Tax of Kidde, Inc., which was acquired by Hanson in 1987.
Mr. Lofredo, 43, has served as the Company's Director of Corporate
Development since the Demerger and was elected a Vice President in October 1996.
He was Director of Corporate Development of Hanson Industries from March 1993
until the Demerger, with his principal responsibilities focused on acquisitions
and divestitures. He joined Hanson Industries in June 1992 as Assistant
Corporate Controller.
Ms. Wubbolding, 46, has served as Vice President and Treasurer of the
Company since the Demerger. She served as Vice President of Hanson Industries
from January 1996 until the Demerger and as Treasurer of Hanson Industries from
June 1994 until the Demerger. She joined Hanson Industries in 1976 and held
various financial positions, primarily in the treasury area, prior to 1994.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Set forth below is a list of the Company's principal manufacturing
facilities (other than those of Equistar, Suburban Propane and La Porte Methanol
Company), all of which are owned. In addition, the Company owns a mineral sands
mine in Mataraca, Paraiba, Brazil, that supplies Millennium Inorganic Chemicals'
TiO2 plant in Brazil with titanium ore, and Millennium Petrochemicals owns a
syngas plant in La Porte, Texas, which it leases to Linde pursuant to a
long-term lease. The Company's operating subsidiaries also lease warehouses and
offices, none of which are material to the Company's business or operations.
LOCATION PRODUCTS
- -------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals
Ashtabula, Ohio.................................... TiO2 and TiCl4
Baltimore, Maryland (Hawkins Point)................ TiO2
Kemerton, Western Australia........................ TiO2
Le Havre, Normandy, France......................... TiO2
Stallingborough, U.K. ............................. TiO2
Thann, Alsace, France.............................. TiO2, TiCl4, specialty TiO2 and zirconium-based
compounds
Salvador, Bahia, Brazil............................ TiO2
Millennium Petrochemicals
La Porte, Texas.................................... VAM and acetic acid
Millennium Specialty Chemicals
Baltimore, Maryland (St. Helena)................... Cadmium-based pigments and silica gel
Brunswick, Georgia................................. Fragrance and flavor chemicals
Jacksonville, Florida.............................. Fragrance and flavor chemicals
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals has two manufacturing plants located in
Baltimore, Maryland (Hawkins Point), one of which uses the chloride process for
manufacturing TiO2 and the other of which uses the sulfate process, and two
manufacturing plants at Ashtabula, Ohio, both of which use the
26
chloride process. The Company believes that its properties are well maintained
and are in good operating condition.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company and various Company subsidiaries are defendants in a number of
pending legal proceedings incidental to present and former operations. These
include several proceedings alleging injurious exposure of the plaintiffs to
various chemicals and other materials manufactured by the Company's current and
former subsidiaries. Typically, such proceedings involve large claims made by
many plaintiffs against many defendants in the chemical industry. The Company
does not expect that the outcome of these proceedings, either individually or in
the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect upon the Company's
consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Together with other alleged past manufacturers of lead pigments for use in
paint and lead-based paint, a former subsidiary of a discontinued operation has
been named as a defendant or third party defendant in various legal proceedings
alleging that it and other manufacturers are responsible for personal injury and
property damage allegedly associated with the use of lead pigments in paint.
These proceedings consist of four cases in the State of New York, one of which
has been brought by the New York City Housing Authority, and a class action
personal injury case filed on behalf of all purportedly lead-poisoned children
in Ohio. There can be no assurance that additional litigation will not be filed.
The legal proceedings seek recovery under a variety of theories, including
negligence, failure to warn, breach of warranty, conspiracy, market share
liability, fraud and misrepresentation. The plaintiffs in these actions
generally seek to impose on the defendants responsibility for alleged damages
and health concerns associated with the use of lead-based paints. These cases
are in various pre-trial stages. The trial court in the Brenner case cited below
recently ruled that a market share theory of recovery was applicable to this
type of lead case. The Company and its co-defendants are appealing this
decision, which is the first time any court has made such a determination. The
Company is vigorously defending such litigation. Although liability, if any,
that may result is not reasonably capable of estimation, the Company currently
believes that the disposition of such claims in the aggregate should not have a
material adverse effect on the Company's combined financial position, results of
operations or liquidity. The pending legal proceedings referred to above are as
follows: Brenner et al. v. American Cyanamid Company, et al., and Tyrell et al.
v. American Cyanamid et al., both commenced in the Supreme Court of the State of
New York on November 9, 1993; The City of New York et al. v. Lead Industries
Association, Inc., et al., commenced in the Supreme Court of the State of New
York on June 8, 1989; Kayla Sabater et al. v. Lead Industries Association, Inc.,
et al., commenced in the Supreme Court of New York, Bronx County, on November
25, 1998; and, Jackson, et al. v. The Glidden Co., et al., commenced in the
Court of Common Pleas, Cuyahoga County, Ohio on August 12, 1992.
In addition, various laws and administrative regulations have, from time to
time, been enacted or proposed at the federal, state and local levels and may be
proposed in the future that seek to (i) impose various obligations on present
and former manufacturers of lead pigment and lead paint with respect to asserted
health concerns associated with the use of such products, and (ii) effectively
overturn court decisions in which the Company's former subsidiary and other
defendants have been successful. No legislation or regulations have been adopted
to date which are expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company's
consolidated financial position or results of operations.
For information concerning the Company's environmental proceedings, see
'Environmental Matters' in Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is
incorporated by reference herein.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Not applicable.
27
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
The data regarding the Company's Common Stock and Shareholders contained
under the caption 'Market for Registrant's Common Stock and Related Shareholder
Matters' on page 43 of the Annual Report to Shareholders are incorporated into
this Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference.
The Company paid a dividend of $.12 per share of Common Stock, plus U.K.
Advance Corporation Tax of $.03 per share, in each quarter of 1997 and 1998.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The selected financial data of the Company contained on page 18 of the
Annual Report to Shareholders are incorporated into this Annual Report on Form
10-K by reference. Such selected financial data were derived from the audited
Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company, and should be read in
conjunction with such financial statements, including the Notes thereto, and
'Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations,' which are incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on
Form 10-K from the Annual Report to Shareholders.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
The Company's 'Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations' contained on pages 20 through 28 of the Annual Report
to Shareholders is incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K by
reference. Such information should be read in conjunction with the Company's
Consolidated Financial Statements, including the Notes thereto. In connection
with the forward-looking statements which appear in 'Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,' the 'Cautionary
Statements' which appear immediately after the Table of Contents in this Annual
Report on Form 10-K should be reviewed carefully.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The discussions under the captions 'Historical Cyclicality of the Company's
Operations' and 'Foreign Currency Matters' in the Company's 'Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations' and
the discussion under the caption 'Off Balance Sheet Risk' in Note 8 to the
Company's Consolidated Financial Statements, each of which is included in the
Annual Report to Shareholders, are incorporated into this Annual Report on Form
10-K by reference.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company, including the Notes
thereto, and the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP thereon, contained on
pages 29 through 43 of the Annual Report to Shareholders are incorporated into
this Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference.
In addition, the Supplemental Financial Information and Financial Statement
Schedule listed in Item 14(a)(1)(ii) and (2) of this Annual Report on Form 10-K,
including the Report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP thereon and the Report of
Ernst & Young LLP, are incorporated herein by reference.
28
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Not applicable.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The information included under the caption 'Executive Officers' in Item 1
of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference.
The information to be included under the captions 'Election of Directors'
and 'Other Matters -- Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance'
in the Company's definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Commission
pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act in connection with the Annual
Meeting of the Company's Shareholders to be held on May 14, 1999 (the 'Proxy
Statement'), is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information to be included under the captions 'Corporate
Governance -- Directors' Remuneration and Attendance at Meetings' and 'Executive
Compensation' in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The information to be included under the caption 'Ownership of Common
Stock' in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Not applicable.
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(A) THE FOLLOWING DOCUMENTS ARE FILED AS PART OF THIS REPORT:
1. (i) The Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company, including
the Notes thereto, and the Report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
thereon, contained on pages 29 through 43 of the Company's Annual
Report to Shareholders, consist of the following:
PAGE OF
THE COMPANY'S
ANNUAL REPORT
---------------
-- Report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP....................................... 29
-- Consolidated Balance Sheets -- December 31, 1998 and 1997.................. 30
-- Consolidated Statements of Operations -- Years Ended December 31, 1998,
1997 and 1996.............................................................. 31
-- Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows -- Years Ended December 31, 1998,
1997 and 1996.............................................................. 32
-- Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity -- Years Ended
December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996........................................... 33
-- Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................................. 34-43
With the exception of the information listed directly above and the
information specifically incorporated by reference into Items 1, 5,
6, 7, 7A and 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Annual Report
to Shareholders is not to be deemed filed as a part of this Annual
Report on Form 10-K.
29
1. (ii) Supplemental Financial Information.
The Supplemental Financial Information relating to the Company,
Millennium America Inc. ('Millennium America') and Equistar consist
of the following:
PAGE OF
THIS REPORT
------------
Report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP......................................... F-1
Report of Ernst & Young LLP (Cornerstone-Spectrum, Inc.)..................... F-2
Consolidated Financial Statements of Millennium America:
Millennium America Consolidated Balance Sheets -- December 31, 1998 and
1997.................................................................. F-3
Millennium America Consolidated Statements of Operations -- Years Ended
December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996...................................... F-4
Financial Statements of Equistar:
Report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.................................... F-5
Balance Sheets -- December 31, 1998 and 1997............................ F-6
Statements of Income -- Year ended December 31, 1998 and the Period from
December 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997................................. F-7
Statements of Partners' Capital -- Year ended December 31, 1998 and the
period from December 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997..................... F-8
Statements of Cash Flows -- Year ended December 1, 1998 and the period
from December 31, 1997 to December 31, 1997........................... F-9
Notes to Financial Statements........................................... F-10 to F-24
2. Financial Statement Schedule.
Financial Statement Schedule II -- Valuation and Qualifying
Accounts, located on page S-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K,
should be read in conjunction with the Financial Statements included
in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Schedules, other than
Schedule II, are omitted because of the absence of the conditions
under which they are required or because the information called for
is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company
or the Notes thereto.
3. Exhibits.
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT
- --------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.1 -- Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (Filed as Exhibit 3.1
to the Company's Registration Statement on Form 10 (File No. 1-12091) (the 'Form 10'))*
3.2 -- By-laws of the Company (Filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Form 10)*
4.1(a) -- Form of Indenture, dated as of November 27, 1996, among Millennium America Inc.
(formerly Hanson America, Inc.) ('Millennium America'), the Company and The Bank of New
York, as Trustee, in respect of the 7% Senior Notes due November 15, 2006 and the 7.625%
Senior Debentures due November 15, 2026 (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registration
Statement of the Company and Millennium America on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-15975)
(the 'Form S-1'))*
4.1(b) -- First Supplemental Indenture dated as of November 21, 1997 among Millennium America, the
Company and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (Filed as Exhibit 4.1(b) to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1997 (the '1997 Form 10-K'))*
10.1 -- Form of Pre-Demerger Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 16, 1996, between
Millennium Holdings Inc. (formerly HM Holdings, Inc.) ('Millennium Holdings') and Hanson
(including related form of Indemnification Agreement and Tax Sharing and Indemnification
Agreement) (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10)*
30
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT
- --------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.2 -- Form of Pre-Demerger Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 16, 1996, between
Millennium Holdings and Hanson relating to Peabody Holding Company, Inc. (including
related form of Indemnification Agreement and Tax Sharing and Indemnification Agreement)
(Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 10)*
10.3 -- Form of Pre-Demerger Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 16, 1996, between
Millennium Holdings and Hanson relating to certain Canadian subsidiaries (including
related form of Indemnification Agreement) (Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Form 10)*
10.4 -- Form of Pre-Demerger Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1996, between
Millennium Holdings and Hanson relating to Lynton Group, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.4 to
the Form 10)*
10.5 -- Form of Post-Demerger Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1996, between
HMB Holdings Inc. and Hanson (including related form of Indemnification Agreement and Tax
Sharing and Indemnification Agreement) (Filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Form 10)*
10.6 -- Form of Post-Demerger Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1996, between
Hanson and MHC Inc. (including related form of Indemnification Agreement and Tax Sharing
and Indemnification Agreement) (Filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Form 10)*
10.7 -- Demerger Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1996, between Hanson, Millennium Overseas
Holdings Ltd. (formerly Hanson Overseas Holdings Ltd.) and the Company (Filed as Exhibit
10.7 to the Form 10)*
10.8 -- Form of Indemnification Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1996, between Hanson and
the Company (Filed as Exhibit 10.8 to the Form 10)*
10.9(a) -- Form of Tax Sharing and Indemnification Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1996,
between Hanson, Millennium Overseas Holdings Ltd., Millennium America Holdings Inc.
(formerly HM Anglo American Ltd.), Hanson North America Inc. and the Company (Filed as
Exhibit 10.9(a) to the Form 10)*
10.9(b) -- Deed of Tax Covenant, dated as of September 30, 1996, between Hanson, Millennium
Overseas Holdings Ltd., Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Limited (formerly SCM Chemicals
Limited), SCMC Holdings B.V. (formerly Hanson SCMC B.V.), Millennium Inorganic Chemicals
Ltd. (formerly SCM Chemicals Ltd.), and the Company (the 'Deed of Tax Covenant') (Filed
as Exhibit 10.9(b) to the Form 10)*
10.9(c) -- Amendment to the Deed of Tax Covenant dated January 28, 1997 (Filed as Exhibit 10.9(c)
to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996 (the
'1996 Form 10-K'))*
10.10 -- Form of Corporate Transition Agreement, dated as of September 30,1996, between Hanson
North America Inc. and Millennium America Holdings Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.10 to the
Form 10)*
10.11 -- Form of Joint Ownership Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1996, between Hanson North
America Inc. and Millennium America Holdings Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.11 to the Form
10)*
10.12 -- Form of Agreement, dated as of October 1, 1996, between Hanson Pacific Limited and
Millennium Holdings Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.12 to the Form 10)*
10.13 -- Form of Management Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1996, among MHC Inc., Millennium
Petrochemicals Inc. (formerly Quantum Chemical Corporation) ('Millennium
Petrochemicals'), and Welbeck Management Limited (Filed as Exhibit 10.13(a) to the Form
10)*
10.14(a) -- Credit Agreement ('Credit Agreement'), dated as of July 26, 1996, among Millennium
America, the Company, as Guarantor, the borrowing subsidiaries party thereto, the lenders
party thereto, The Chase Manhattan Bank, as Documentation Agent, and Bank of America
National Trust and Savings Association, as Administration Agent (Filed as Exhibit 10.14
to the Form 10)*
10.14(b) -- Amendment to the Credit Agreement dated as of December 18, 1996 (Filed as Exhibit
10.14(b) to the 1996 Form 10-K)*
10.14(c) -- Second Amendment to the Credit Agreement dated as of October 20, 1997 (Filed as Exhibit
10.14(b) to the 1996 Form 10-K)*
31
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT
- --------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.15 -- Form of Agreement, dated as of July 24, 1998, between Millennium America Holdings Inc.
and William M. Landuyt; Robert E. Lee; George H. Hempstead, III; Richard A. Lamond; and,
John E. Lushefski (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended September 30, 1998 (the 'September 30, 1998 Form 10-Q'))*'D'
10.16 -- Form of Agreement, dated as of July 24, 1998, between Millennium Specialty Chemicals
Inc. and George W. Robbins. This form of agreement is identical to the agreements between
the Company's operating subsidiaries and certain officers of such subsidiaries who are
not executive officers of the Company. (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the September 30, 1998
Form 10-Q)*'D'
10.17 -- Form of Agreement, dated as of July 24, 1998, between Millennium Petrochemicals Inc. and
each of Peter P. Hanik and Charles F. Daly**'D'
10.18 -- Form of Change-in-Control Agreement, dated as of July 24, 1998, between Millennium
America Holdings Inc. and each of C. William Carmean, Marie S. Dreher, A. Mickey Foster,
Francis V. Lloyd, James A. Lofredo and Christine F. Wubbolding (Filed as Exhibit 10.22 to
the Form 10-Q)*'D'
10.19 -- Form of Change-in-Control Agreement between each of the Company's operating subsidiaries
and certain officers of such subsidiaries who are not executive officers of the
Company**'D'
10.20(a) -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Annual Performance Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.23 to
the Form 10)*'D'
10.20(b) -- Amendment Number 1 dated January 20, 1997, to the Millennium Chemicals Inc. Annual
Performance Plan. (Filed as Exhibit 10.23(b) to the 1996 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.20(c) -- Amendment Number 2 dated January 23, 1998, to the Millennium Chemical Inc. Annual
Performance Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.23(c) to the 1997 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.20(d) -- Amendment Number 3 dated January 22, 1999, to the Millennium Chemicals Inc. Annual
Performance Incentive Plan**'D'
10.21(a) -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. 1996 Long Term Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.24 to the
Form 10)*'D'
10.21(b) -- Termination Amendment dated as of October 23, 1997, to the Millennium Chemicals Inc.
1996 Long Term Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.24(b) to the 1997 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.21(c) -- Amendment dated January 23, 1998 to the Millennium Chemicals Inc. 1996 Long Term
Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.24(c) to the 1997 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.21(d) -- Amendment dated January 22, 1999 to the Millennium Chemicals Inc. 1996 Long Term
Incentive Plan**'D'
10.22 -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Executive Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended by the
Termination Amendment thereto, dated as of October 23, 1997, and as further amended by
amendments thereto dated January 23, 1998 and January 22, 1999**'D'
10.23(a) -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Long Term Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.25 to the
Form 10)*'D'
10.23(b) -- Amendment Number 1 to the Millennium Chemicals Inc. Long Term Stock Incentive Plan
(Filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter
ended September 30, 1997)*'D'
10.23(c) -- Amendment dated July 24, 1997, to the Millennium Chemicals Inc. Long Term Stock
Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.25(c) to the 1997 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.23(d) -- Amendments dated January 23, 1998 and December 10, 1998 to the Millennium Chemicals Inc.
Long Term Stock Incentive Plan**'D'
10.24 -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.26
to the Form 10)*'D'
10.25 -- Millennium Petrochemicals Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.27
to the Form 10)*'D'
10.26 -- Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (Filed as Exhibit
10.28 to the Form 10)*'D'
32
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT
- --------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.27 -- Millennium Specialty Chemicals Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (Filed as Exhibit
10.29 to the Form 10)*'D'
10.28(a) -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Salary and Bonus Deferral Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.30 to the
1996 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.28(b) -- Amendment Number 1 dated January 23, 1998, to the Millennium Chemicals Inc. Salary and
Bonus Deferral Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.30(b) to the 1997 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.28(c) -- Amendment Number 2 dated January 22, 1999, to the Millennium Chemicals Inc. Salary and
Bonus Deferral Plan**'D'
10.29 -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Supplemental Savings and Investment Plan**'D'
10.30 -- Master Transaction Agreement between the Company and Lyondell (Filed as an Exhibit to
the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 25, 1997)*
10.31 -- First Amendment to Master Transaction Agreement between Lyondell and the Company (Filed
as an Exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 17, 1997)*
10.32 -- Limited Partnership Agreement of Equistar (Filed as an Exhibit to the Company's Current
Report on Form 8-K dated October 17, 1997)*
10.33 -- Asset Contribution Agreement among Millennium Petrochemicals, Millennium Petrochemicals
LP LLC and Equistar (Filed as an Exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K
dated December 10, 1997)*
10.34 -- Asset Contribution Agreement among Lyondell, Lyondell Petrochemicals L.P. Inc. and
Equistar (Filed as an Exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated December
10, 1997)*
10.35 -- Parent Agreement among Lyondell, the Company and Equistar (Filed as an Exhibit to the
Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 10, 1997)*
10.36 -- Amended and Restated Partnership Agreement of Equistar**
10.37 -- Amended and Restated Parent Agreement among Lyondell, the Company, Occidental, Oxy CH
Corporation, Occidental Chemical Corporation, and Equistar**
11.1 -- Statement re: computation of per share earnings**
13. -- Information incorporated by reference from the Annual Report to Shareholders and the
Company's 1997 Annual Report to Shareholders**
21.1 -- Subsidiaries of the Company**
23.1 -- Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP**
23.2 -- Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP**
23.3 -- Consent of Ernst & Young LLP**
27.1 -- Financial Data Schedule**
99.1 -- Form of Letter Agreement, dated July 3, 1996, between Hanson and U.K. Inland Revenue
(Filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the Form 10)*
In addition, the Company hereby agrees to furnish to the SEC, upon request, a copy of any
instrument not listed above which defines the rights of the holders of long-term debt of
the Company and its subsidiaries.
-----------------
* Incorporated by reference
** Filed herewith
'D' Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be
filed pursuant to Item 14(c).
(B) REPORTS ON FORM 8-K None.
33
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
By: /s/ WILLIAM M. LANDUYT
...................................
WILLIAM M. LANDUYT
CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD, PRESIDENT AND
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
March 30, 1999
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed below by the following persons on
behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated, and on the date set
forth above.
SIGNATURE TITLE
- ------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/S/ WILLIAM M. LANDUYT Chairman of the Board, President, Chief Executive Officer and
......................................... Director (principal executive officer)
(WILLIAM M. LANDUYT)
/S/ ROBERT E. LEE President, Chief Executive Officer of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals
......................................... and Director
(ROBERT E. LEE)
/S/ JOHN E. LUSHEFSKI Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
......................................... (principal financial officer)
(JOHN E. LUSHEFSKI)
/S/ KENNETH BAKER Director
.........................................
(LORD BAKER)
/S/ WORLEY H. CLARK, JR. Director
.........................................
(WORLEY H. CLARK, JR.)
/S/ MARTIN D. GINSBURG Director
.........................................
(MARTIN D. GINSBURG)
/S/ GLENARTHUR Director
.........................................
(LORD GLENARTHUR)
/S/ DAVID J. P. MEACHIN Director
.........................................
(DAVID J. P. MEACHIN)
/S/ MARTIN G. TAYLOR Director
.........................................
(MARTIN G. TAYLOR)
/S/ MARIE S. DREHER Vice President and Corporate Controller
......................................... (principal accounting officer)
(MARIE S. DREHER)
34
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS ON
SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION AND
THE FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE
To the Board of Directors of
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements referred to in our
report dated January 21, 1999, appearing on page 29 of the 1998 Annual Report to
Shareholders of Millennium Chemicals Inc. (which report and consolidated
financial statements are incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form
10-K) also included an audit of the Supplemental Financial Information relating
to Millennium America Inc. and the Financial Statement Schedule listed in Item
14(a) of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In our opinion, such Supplemental
Financial Information relating to Millennium America Inc. and the Financial
Statement Schedule present fairly, in all material respects, the information set
forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial
statements.
PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP
FLORHAM PARK, NJ
JANUARY 21, 1999
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
To the Board of Directors
and Stockholder of
CORNERSTONE-SPECTRUM, INC.
We have audited the consolidated balance sheet of Cornerstone-Spectrum,
Inc. (the 'Company') as of September 28, 1996 and the related consolidated
statements of operations, changes in stockholder's equity, and cash flows for
the year then ended (not presented separately herein). These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of
Cornerstone-Spectrum, Inc. at September 28, 1996 and the consolidated results of
its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements of the
Company, the Company changed its method of measuring losses for impairment of
long-lived assets.
ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Hackensack, New Jersey
November 13, 1996
F-2
MILLENNIUM AMERICA INC.
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Millennium America Inc., a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Millennium
Chemicals Inc. (the 'Company'), is a holding company for all of the Company's
operating subsidiaries other than its operations in the United Kingdom, France,
Brazil and Australia. Millennium America Inc. is the issuer of the 7% Senior
Notes due November 15, 2006, and the 7.625% Senior Debentures due November 15,
2026, and is a borrower under the Company's Revolving Credit Agreement.
Accordingly, the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of
Operations are provided for Millennium America Inc.
MILLENNIUM AMERICA INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31,
------------------
1998 1997
------ ------
(IN MILLIONS)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents.............................................................. $ 30 $ 23
Trade receivables, net................................................................. 136 260
Inventories............................................................................ 142 165
Other current assets................................................................... 230 104
------ ------
Total current assets.............................................................. 538 552
Property, plant and equipment, net.......................................................... 481 473
Investment in Equistar...................................................................... 1,519 1,934
Other assets................................................................................ 167 203
Due from parent and affiliates.............................................................. 491 260
Goodwill.................................................................................... 412 468
------ ------
Total assets...................................................................... $3,608 $3,890
------ ------
------ ------
LIABILITIES AND INVESTED CAPITAL
Current liabilities:
Notes payable.......................................................................... $ 9 $ --
Current maturities of long-term debt................................................... 2 2
Trade accounts payable................................................................. 55 43
Income taxes payable................................................................... 1 4
Accrued expenses and other liabilities................................................. 144 247
------ ------
Total current liabilities......................................................... 211 296
Non-current liabilities:
Long-term debt......................................................................... 1,013 1,293
Deferred income taxes.................................................................. 274 237
Due to parent and affiliates........................................................... 713 334
Other liabilities...................................................................... 345 783
------ ------
Total liabilities................................................................. 2,556 2,943
------ ------
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12 of the Company's 1998 Annual Report to Shareholders)
Invested capital............................................................................ 1,052 947
------ ------
Total liabilities and invested capital............................................ $3,608 $3,890
------ ------
------ ------
F-3
MILLENNIUM AMERICA INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------
1998 1997 1996
---- ------ -------
(IN MILLIONS)
Net sales.......................................................................... $992 $2,714 $ 2,693
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of products sold......................................................... 727 1,915 2,019
Depreciation and amortization................................................. 54 184 180
Selling, development and administrative expense............................... 120 193 191
Impairment of assets and related closure costs................................ -- -- 58
---- ------ -------
Operating income......................................................... 91 422 245
Interest expense (primarily to a related party in 1996)............................ (69) (128) (253)
Interest income (primarily from a related party in 1998)........................... 24 7 28
Equity in earnings of Equistar..................................................... 40 18 --
Other expense, net................................................................. 29 19 5
---- ------ -------
Income from continuing operations before provision for income taxes................ 115 338 25
Provision for income taxes......................................................... (12) (152) (43)
---- ------ -------
Income from continuing operations.................................................. 103 186 (18)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations (net of income taxes of $1, ($2) and
($1,028))........................................................................ 1 (3) (2,734)
---- ------ -------
Net income (loss).................................................................. $104 $ 183 $(2,752)
---- ------ -------
---- ------ -------
F-4
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Partnership Governance Committee
of EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP:
In our opinion, the accompanying balance sheets and the related statements
of income, of partners' capital and of cash flows present fairly, in all
material respects, the financial position of Equistar Chemicals, LP (the
'Partnership') at December 31, 1998 and 1997, and the results of its operations
and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 1998 and for the period from
December 1, 1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997, in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Partnership's management; our responsibility is to express
an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our
audits of these statements in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards which require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for the opinion expressed above.
PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP
Houston, Texas
February 26, 1999
F-5
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31,
------------------
1998 1997
------ ------
(MILLIONS OF
DOLLARS)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents...................................................... $ 66 $ 41
Accounts receivable:
Trade, net................................................................ 376 428
Related parties........................................................... 111 36
Receivables from partners...................................................... 3 150
Inventories.................................................................... 549 513
Prepaid expenses and other current assets...................................... 25 24
------ ------
Total current assets...................................................... 1,130 1,192
------ ------
Property, plant and equipment....................................................... 5,847 3,690
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization...................................... (1,772) (1,572)
------ ------
4,075 2,118
Investment in PD Glycol............................................................. 55 --
Goodwill, net....................................................................... 1,151 1,139
Deferred charges and other assets................................................... 257 151
------ ------
Total assets.............................................................. $6,668 $4,600
------ ------
------ ------
LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' CAPITAL
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable:
Trade..................................................................... $ 264 $ 154
Related parties........................................................... 15 18
Payables to partners........................................................... 9 63
Current maturities of long-term debt........................................... 150 36
Other accrued liabilities...................................................... 200 65
------ ------
Total current liabilities................................................. 638 336
------ ------
Obligations under capital leases.................................................... 205 --
Long-term debt...................................................................... 1,865 1,512
Other liabilities and deferred credits.............................................. 75 34
Commitments and contingencies
Partners' capital:
Partners' capital.............................................................. 3,885 3,063
Note receivable from Lyondell LP............................................... -- (345)
------ ------
Total partners' capital................................................... 3,885 2,718
------ ------
Total liabilities and partners' capital................................... $6,668 $4,600
------ ------
------ ------
See notes to financial statements.
F-6
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
FOR THE
PERIOD FROM
FOR THE YEAR DECEMBER 1, 1997
ENDED (INCEPTION) TO
DECEMBER 31, 1998 DECEMBER 31, 1997
----------------- -----------------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Sales and other operating revenues:
Unrelated parties......................................... $ 3,818 $ 338
Related parties........................................... 545 27
------- ------
4,363 365
------- ------
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of sales:
Unrelated parties.................................... 3,313 261
Related parties...................................... 460 26
Selling, general and administrative expenses.............. 273 21
Unusual charges........................................... 35 42
------- ------
4,081 350
------- ------
Operating income.......................................... 282 15
Interest expense............................................... (156) (10)
Interest income................................................ 17 2
------- ------
Net income..................................................... $ 143 $ 7
------- ------
------- ------
See notes to financial statements.
F-7
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
STATEMENTS OF PARTNERS' CAPITAL
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
AND FOR THE PERIOD FROM DECEMBER 1, 1997 (INCEPTION) TO
DECEMBER 31, 1997
LYONDELL MILLENNIUM OCCIDENTAL TOTAL
-------- ---------- ---------- ------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Balance at December 1, 1997 (inception)....................... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ --
Capital contributions at inception:
Net assets............................................... 763 2,048 -- 2,811
Note receivable from Lyondell LP......................... 345 -- -- 345
Net income.................................................... 4 3 -- 7
Distributions to partners..................................... (57) (43) -- (100)
-------- ---------- ---------- ------
Balance at December 31, 1997.................................. 1,055 2,008 -- 3,063
-------- ---------- ---------- ------
Capital contributions:
Net assets............................................... -- -- 2,097 2,097
Other.................................................... (14) 9 8 3
Net income (loss)............................................. 84 64 (5) 143
Distributions to partners..................................... (512) (460) (449) (1,421)
-------- ---------- ---------- ------
Balance at December 31, 1998.................................. $ 613 $1,621 $1,651 $3,885
-------- ---------- ---------- ------
-------- ---------- ---------- ------
See notes to financial statements.
F-8
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE
PERIOD FROM
FOR THE YEAR DECEMBER 1, 1997
ENDED (INCEPTION) TO
DECEMBER 31, 1998 DECEMBER 31, 1997
----------------- -----------------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income................................................... $ 143 $ 7
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization........................... 268 19
Loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment.... 8 --
Equity in losses of investment in PD Glycol............. 3 --
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of the effects of
assets contributed:
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable......... 105 (100)
Decrease (increase) in receivables from partners... 147 (101)
Decrease (increase) in inventories................. 133 (5)
Increase in accounts payable....................... 40 188
(Decrease) increase in payables to partners........ (63) 54
Increase in other accrued liabilities.............. 122 48
Net change in other working capital accounts....... 2 (15)
Other.............................................. (62) 7
------- ------
Net cash provided by operating activities..... 846 102
------- ------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Additions to property, plant and equipment................... (200) (12)
Proceeds from disposition of property, plant and equipment... 3 --
Contributions and advances to affiliates..................... (15) --
------- ------
Net cash used in investing activities......... (212) (12)
------- ------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings of long-term debt................................. 757 50
Repayments of long-term debt................................. (290) --
Proceeds from payment of note receivable by Lyondell......... 345 --
Cash contributions from partners............................. -- 1
Distributions to partners.................................... (1,421) (100)
------- ------
Net cash used in financing activities......... (609) (49)
------- ------
Increase in cash and cash equivalents............................. 25 41
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period.................. 41 --
------- ------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period........................ $ 66 $ 41
------- ------
------- ------
See notes to financial statements.
F-9
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. FORMATION OF EQUISTAR AND OPERATIONS
Pursuant to a partnership agreement (the 'Partnership Agreement'), Lyondell
Chemical Company ('Lyondell') and Millennium Chemicals Inc. ('Millennium')
formed Equistar Chemicals, LP ('Equistar' or the 'Partnership'), a Delaware
limited partnership, which commenced operations on December 1, 1997. From
December 1, 1997 to May 15, 1998, the Partnership was owned 57 percent by
Lyondell and 43 percent by Millennium. Lyondell owns its interest in the
Partnership through two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Lyondell Petrochemical G.P.
Inc. ('Lyondell GP') and Lyondell Petrochemical L.P. Inc. ('Lyondell LP').
Millennium also owns its interest in the Partnership through two wholly-owned
subsidiaries, Millennium Petrochemicals GP LLC ('Millennium GP') and Millennium
Petrochemicals LP LLC ('Millennium LP').
On May 15, 1998, the Partnership was expanded with the contribution of
certain assets from Occidental Petroleum Corporation ('Occidental') (see Note
3). These assets include the ethylene, propylene and ethylene oxide ('EO') and
EO derivatives businesses and certain pipeline assets held by Oxy Petrochemicals
Inc. ('Oxy Petrochemicals'), a 50 percent interest in a joint venture between
PDG Chemical Inc. ('PDG Chemical') and Du Pont de Nemours and Company ('PD
Glycol'), and a lease to the Partnership of the Lake Charles, Louisiana olefins
plant and related pipelines held by Occidental Chemical Corporation ('Occidental
Chemical') (collectively, the 'Occidental Contributed Business'). Occidental
Chemical, Oxy Petrochemicals and PDG Chemical are wholly-owned, indirect
subsidiaries of Occidental. The Occidental Contributed Business included olefins
plants at Corpus Christi and Chocolate Bayou, Texas, EO/ethylene glycol and EO
derivatives businesses located at Bayport, Texas, Occidental's 50 percent
ownership of PD Glycol, which operates a polyglycol plant at Beaumont, Texas,
1,430 miles of owned and leased ethylene/propylene pipelines, and the lease to
the Partnership of the Lake Charles, Louisiana olefins plant and related
pipelines.
In exchange for the Occidental Contributed Business, two subsidiaries of
Occidental were admitted as limited partners and a third subsidiary was admitted
as a general partner in the Partnership for an aggregate partnership interest of
29.5 percent. In addition, the Partnership assumed approximately $205 million of
Occidental indebtedness and the Partnership issued a promissory note to an
Occidental subsidiary in the amount of $419.7 million, which was subsequently
paid in cash in June 1998. In connection with the contribution of the Occidental
Contributed Business and the reduction of Millennium's and Lyondell's ownership
interests in the Partnership, the Partnership also issued a promissory note to
Millennium LP in the amount of $75 million, which was subsequently paid in June
1998. These payments are included in distributions to partners in the
accompanying statements of partners' capital and of cash flows. The
consideration paid for the Occidental Contributed Business was determined based
upon arms-length negotiations between Lyondell, Millennium, and Occidental. In
connection with the transaction, the Partnership and Occidental also entered
into a long-term agreement for the Partnership to supply the ethylene
requirements for Occidental Chemical's U.S. manufacturing plants.
After completion of this transaction, the Partnership is owned 41 percent
by Lyondell, 29.5 percent by Millennium and 29.5 percent by Occidental, through
its wholly-owned subsidiaries Occidental Petrochem Partner GP Inc. ('Occidental
GP'), Occidental Petrochem Partner 1, Inc. ('Occidental LP1') and Occidental
Petrochem Partner 2, Inc. ('Occidental LP2').
The Partnership owns and operates the petrochemicals and polymers
businesses contributed by Lyondell, Millennium, and Occidental (the 'Contributed
Businesses') which consist of 20 manufacturing facilities on the U.S. Gulf Coast
and in the U.S. Midwest. The petrochemicals segment manufactures and markets
olefins, oxygenated chemicals, aromatics and specialty chemicals. Olefins
include ethylene, propylene and butadiene, and oxygenated chemicals include
ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol, ethanol and methyl tertiary butyl ether
('MTBE'). The petrochemicals segment also includes the production and sale of
aromatics including benzene and toluene. The polymers segment manufactures and
markets polyolefins, including high-density polyethylene ('HDPE'), low-density
polyethylene ('LDPE'), linear
F-10
low-density polyethylene ('LLDPE'), polypropylene, and performance polymers, all
of which are used in the production of a wide variety of consumer and industrial
products. The performance polymers include enhanced grades of polyethylene,
including wire and cable resins, concentrates and compounds, and polymeric
powders.
The Partnership Agreement provides that Equistar is governed by a
Partnership Governance Committee consisting of nine representatives, three
appointed by each partner. Most of the significant decisions of the Partnership
Governance Committee require unanimous consent, including approval of the
Partnership's Strategic Plan and annual updates thereof.
Pursuant to the Partnership Agreement, net income is allocated among the
partners on a pro rata basis based on their percentage ownership of the
Partnership. Distributions are made to the partners based on their percentage
ownership of the Partnership. Additional cash contributions required by the
Partnership will also be based on the partners' percentage ownership of the
Partnership.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Revenue Recognition. Revenue from product sales is generally recognized
upon delivery of products to the customer.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid debt
instruments such as certificates of deposit, commercial paper and money market
accounts purchased with an original maturity date of three months or less. Cash
equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. The Partnership's
policy is to invest cash in conservative, highly rated instruments and limit the
amount of credit exposure to any one institution. The Partnership performs
periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial
institutions which are considered in the Partnership's investment strategy.
The Partnership has no requirements for compensating balances in a specific
amount at a specific point in time. The Partnership does maintain compensating
balances for some of its banking services and products. Such balances are
maintained on an average basis and are solely at the Partnership's discretion.
As a result, none of the Partnership's cash is restricted.
Accounts Receivable. The Partnership sells its products primarily to
companies in the petrochemicals and polymers industries. The Partnership
performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers' financial condition and,
in certain circumstances, requires letters of credit from them. The
Partnership's allowance for doubtful accounts, which is reflected in the
accompanying balance sheet as a reduction of accounts receivable, totaled $3
million at December 31, 1998. The Partnership had no allowance for doubtful
accounts recorded at December 31, 1997.
Inventories. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is
determined on the last-in, first-out ('LIFO') basis except for materials and
supplies, which are valued at average cost.
Property, Plant and Equipment. Property, plant and equipment are recorded
at cost. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment is computed using the
straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets,
ranging from 5 to 30 years.
Upon retirement or sale, the Partnership removes the cost of the assets and
the related accumulated depreciation from the accounts and reflects any
resulting gains or losses in the statement of income. The Partnership's policy
is to capitalize interest cost incurred on debt during the construction of major
projects exceeding one year.
Turnaround Maintenance and Repair Expenses. Cost of major repairs and
maintenance incurred in connection with turnarounds of units at the
Partnership's manufacturing facilities are deferred and amortized on a
straight-line basis until the next planned turnaround, generally five to seven
years.
Deferred Software Costs. Costs to purchase and develop software for
internal use are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over 10 years.
The Partnership amortized $6 million and less than $1 million of deferred
software costs for the year ended December 31, 1998 and during the period from
December 1, 1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997, respectively.
F-11
Goodwill. Goodwill includes goodwill contributed by Millennium and goodwill
recorded in connection with the contribution of Occidental's assets. Goodwill is
being amortized using the straight-line method over forty years. Management
periodically evaluates goodwill for impairment based on the anticipated future
cash flows attributable to the related operations. Such expected cash flows, on
an undiscounted basis, are compared to the carrying value of the tangible and
intangible assets, and if impairment is indicated, the carrying value of
goodwill, and if necessary other related assets, is adjusted. Management
believes that no impairment exists at December 31, 1998. The Partnership
amortized $31 million and $3 million of goodwill for the year ended December 31,
1998 and during the period from December 1, 1997 (inception) to December 31,
1997, respectively. Accumulated amortization of goodwill was $166 million and
$135 million at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Investment in PD Glycol. Equistar holds a 50 percent interest in a joint
venture with Du Pont de Nemours and Company that owns an ethylene glycol
facility in Beaumont, Texas. This investment was contributed by Occidental in
1998. The investment in PD Glycol is accounted for under the equity method.
Environmental Remediation Costs. Expenditures related to investigation and
remediation of contaminated sites, which include operating facilities and waste
disposal sites, are accrued when it is probable a liability has been incurred
and the amount of the liability can reasonably be estimated. Estimates have not
been discounted to present value. Environmental remediation costs are expensed
or capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans. During 1998, the
Partnership adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ('SFAS') No.
132, Employers' Disclosures about Pensions and Other Retirement Benefits. The
provisions of SFAS No. 132 revise employers' disclosures about pension and other
postretirement benefit plans. It does not change the measurement or recognition
of these plans. SFAS No. 132 standardizes the disclosure requirements for these
plans, to the extent practicable.
Exchanges. Finished product exchange transactions, which involve
homogeneous commodities in the same line of business and do not involve the
payment or receipt of cash, are not accounted for as purchases and sales. Any
resulting volumetric exchange balances are accounted for as inventory in
accordance with the normal LIFO valuation policy. Exchanges settled through
payment and receipt of cash are accounted for as purchases and sales.
Income Taxes. The Partnership is not subject to federal income taxes as
income is reportable directly by the individual partners; therefore, there is no
provision for income taxes in the accompanying financial statements.
Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during
the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Segment and Related Information. In 1998, the Partnership adopted SFAS No.
131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information. SFAS
No. 131 supercedes SFAS No. 14, Financial Reporting for Segments of a Business
Enterprise, replacing the 'industry segment' approach with the 'management'
approach. The management approach designates the internal organization that is
used by management for making operating decisions and assessing performance as
the source of the Partnership's reportable segments. SFAS No. 131 also requires
disclosures about products and services, geographic areas and major customers.
The adoption of SFAS No. 131 did not affect the results of operations or the
financial position of the Partnership (see Note 18).
Reclassifications. Certain 1997 amounts have been restated to conform to
classifications adopted in 1998.
F-12
3. ADDITION OF OCCIDENTAL CONTRIBUTED BUSINESS
On May 15, 1998, the Partnership was expanded with the contribution of
certain assets from Occidental. The acquisition was accounted for using the
purchase method of accounting and, accordingly, the results of operations for
these assets are included in the accompanying statement of income prospectively
from May 15, 1998. The consideration paid for the Occidental Contributed
Business was approximately $2.1 billion and was allocated to the assets
contributed and liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair values of such
assets and liabilities at the date of the contribution. The fair value of the
assets contributed and liabilities assumed by the Partnership on May 15, 1998 is
as follows:
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Total current assets........................................... $ 281
Property, plant and equipment.................................. 1,964
Investment in PD Glycol........................................ 58
Goodwill....................................................... 43
Deferred charges and other assets.............................. 49
-------
Total assets.............................................. $ 2,395
-------
-------
Other current liabilities...................................... $ 79
Long-term debt................................................. 205
Other liabilities and deferred credits......................... 14
Partners' capital.............................................. 2,097
-------
Total liabilities and partners' capital................... $ 2,395
-------
-------
The unaudited pro forma combined historical results of the Partnership as
if the Occidental Contributed Business had been contributed on January 1, 1998
is as follows:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 1998
---------------------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Sales and other operating revenues............................. $ 4,869
Unusual charges................................................ 35
Operating income............................................... 320
Net income..................................................... 154
The unaudited pro forma data presented above is not necessarily indicative
of the results of operations of the Partnership that would have occurred had
such transaction actually been consummated as of January 1, 1998, nor are they
necessarily indicative of future results.
4. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
1998 1997
---- ----
(MILLIONS OF
DOLLARS)
Cash paid for interest............................................................ $154 $--
---- ----
---- ----
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Noncash adjustments to contributed capital................................... $ 3 $--
Inventory transfer from PD Glycol............................................ 15 --
---- ----
---- ----
F-13
Historical cost of assets contributed and liabilities assumed by the
Partnership in December 1997 (inception):
Total current assets........................................... $ 948
Property, plant and equipment, net............................. 2,121
Goodwill, net.................................................. 1,142
Deferred charges and other assets.............................. 158
-------
Total assets.............................................. $ 4,369
-------
-------
Current maturities of long-term debt........................... $ 36
Other current liabilities...................................... 17
Long-term debt................................................. 1,462
Other liabilities and deferred credits......................... 43
Partners' capital.............................................. 3,156
Note receivable from Lyondell LP............................... (345)
-------
Total liabilities and partners' capital................... $ 4,369
-------
-------
5. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The fair value of all financial instruments included in current assets and
current liabilities, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable,
accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximated their carrying value due
to their short maturity. Based on the borrowing rates currently available to the
Partnership for debt with terms and average maturities similar to the
Partnership's debt portfolio, the fair value of the Partnership's long-term
debt, including amounts due within one year, was approximately $2.3 billion and
$1.5 billion at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
The Partnership had issued letters of credit totaling $2.6 million and $4
million at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
6. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Loans to Millennium and Occidental. In connection with Occidental's entry
into Equistar in May 1998, Equistar executed promissory notes to Millennium and
Occidental in the principal amounts of $75.0 million and $419.7 million,
respectively. Each of the notes provides for the annual accrual of interest
(based on a year of 360 days and actual days elapsed) at a rate equal to LIBOR
plus .6 percent. These notes were paid in full in June 1998. Interest expense
incurred on these notes during 1998 was $3 million.
Note Receivable from Lyondell LP. Upon formation of the Partnership,
Lyondell LP contributed capital to the Partnership in the form of a $345 million
promissory note (the 'Lyondell Note'). The Lyondell Note bears interest at LIBOR
plus a market spread. The note was repaid in full by Lyondell in July 1998.
Interest income accrued on the Lyondell note totaled $12.8 million and $1.75
million during 1998 and during the period from December 1, 1997 (inception) to
December 31, 1997, respectively.
Shared Services Agreement with Lyondell. Lyondell provides certain
corporate, general and administrative services to the Partnership, including
legal, tax, treasury, risk management and other services pursuant to a shared
services agreement. During the year ended December 31, 1998, Lyondell charged
the Partnership $3 million for these services. During the period December 1,
1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997, charges from Lyondell were less than $1
million. As part of the shared services agreement, the Partnership provides
certain general and administrative services to Lyondell, such as health, safety
and environmental services, human resource services, information services and
legal services. During the year ended December 31, 1998 and during the period
December 1, 1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997, the Partnership charged
Lyondell less than $1 million for these services.
Shared Services and Shared-Site Agreements with Millennium. The Partnership
and Millennium have entered into a variety of operating, manufacturing and
technical service agreements related to the business of Equistar and the vinyl
acetate monomers, acetic acid, synthesis gas and methanol businesses retained by
Millennium Petrochemicals. These agreements include the provision by the
Partnership to
F-14
Millennium Petrochemicals of materials management, certain utilities,
administrative office space, health, safety and environmental services and
computer services. During the year ended December 31, 1998, the Partnership
charged Millennium Petrochemicals $5 million for these services. During the
period from December 1, 1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997, charges to
Millennium Petrochemicals were less than $1 million. These agreements also
include the provision by Millennium Petrochemicals to the Partnership of certain
operational services, including waste water treatment and barge dock access.
During the year ended December 31, 1998 and during the period December 1, 1997
(inception) to December 31, 1997, Millennium Petrochemicals charged the
Partnership less than $1 million for these services.
Operating Agreement with Occidental Chemical Corporation. On May 15, 1998,
Occidental Chemical and the Partnership entered into an Operating Agreement (the
'Operating Agreement') whereby Occidental Chemical agreed to operate and
maintain the Occidental Contributed Business and to cause third-parties to
continue to provide equipment, products and commodities to those businesses upon
substantially the same terms and conditions as provided prior to the transfer.
Under the terms of the Operating Agreement, the Partnership agreed to reimburse
Occidental Chemical for its cost in connection with the services provided to the
Partnership, and the Partnership agreed to pay Occidental Chemical an
administrative fee. The Operating Agreement terminated in accordance with its
terms on June 1, 1998. During the term of the Operating Agreement, the
Partnership paid Occidental Chemical an administrative fee of $1 million.
Transition Services Agreement with Occidental Chemical. On June 1, 1998,
Occidental Chemical and the Partnership entered into a Transition Services
Agreement (the 'TSA'). Under the terms of the TSA, Occidental Chemical agreed to
provide the Partnership certain services in connection with the Occidental
Contributed Business, including services related to accounting, payroll, office
administration, marketing, transportation, purchasing and procurement,
management, human resources, customer service, technical services and others.
Between June 1, 1998 and December 31, 1998, the Partnership expensed $6 million
in connection with services provided pursuant to the TSA. The TSA expires by its
terms on June 1, 1999.
Occidental Chemical Ethylene Sales Agreement. The Partnership and
Occidental Chemical entered into a Sales Agreement, dated May 15, 1998 (the
'Ethylene Sales Agreement'). Under the terms of the Ethylene Sales Agreement,
Occidental Chemical has agreed to purchase an annual minimum amount of ethylene
from the Partnership equal to 100 percent of the ethylene feedstock requirements
of Occidental Chemical's United States plants (estimated to be 2 billion pounds
per year at the time of the signing of the agreement) less any quantities up to
250 million pounds tolled in accordance with the provisions of such agreement.
The Partnership's maximum supply obligation in any calendar year under the
Ethylene Sales Agreement is 2.55 billion pounds. Upon three years notice from
either party to the other, the Partnership's maximum supply obligation in any
calendar year under the Ethylene Sales Agreement may be 'phased down' as set
forth in the agreement, provided that no phase down may occur prior to January
1, 2009. In accordance with the phase down provisions of the agreement, the
annual minimum requirements set forth in the agreement must be phased down over
at least a five year period so that the annual required minimum can not decline
to zero prior to December 31, 2013 unless certain specified force majeure events
occur. The Ethylene Sales Agreement provides for an ethylene sales price that is
generally reflective of market prices and will be determined pursuant to a
formula using the Partnership's sales price to third parties and several
published market price indices. During the period from May 15, 1998 to December
31, 1998, the Partnership charged Occidental Chemical $171 million under the
Ethylene Sales Agreement.
Product Sales to Millennium. The Partnership sells ethylene to Millennium
at market-related prices pursuant to an agreement entered into in connection
with the formation of Equistar. Under this agreement, Millennium is required to
purchase 100 percent of its ethylene requirements for its La Porte, Texas
facility (estimated to be 300 million pounds per year), up to a maximum of 330
million pounds per year. Millennium has the option to increase the amount
purchased to up to 400 million pounds per year beginning January 1, 2001. The
initial term of the contract expires December 1, 2000 and thereafter, the
contract automatically renews annually. Either party may terminate on one year's
notice, except that if Millennium elects to increase its purchases under the
contract, a party must provide two
F-15
year's notice of termination. The pricing terms of this agreement are similar to
the Ethylene Sales Agreement with Occidental Chemical. The Partnership charged
Millennium $41 million and $4 million for ethylene for 1998 and December 1997,
respectively.
Product Sales to Lyondell. Lyondell acquired its intermediate chemicals and
derivatives business through the acquisition of ARCO Chemical Company effective
August 1, 1998. Sales to Lyondell, primarily for ethylene, propylene, MTBE,
benzene and alkylate, totaled $97 million for the period from August 1, 1998 to
December 31, 1998, and were based on price terms generally reflective of market.
Transactions with LCR. Lyondell's rights and obligations under the terms of
its product sales and feedstock purchase agreements with LYONDELL-CITGO Refining
LP ('LCR'), a joint venture investment of Lyondell, were assigned to the
Partnership. Accordingly, certain refinery products are sold to the Partnership
as feedstocks, and certain olefins by-products are sold to LCR for processing
into gasoline. Sales to LCR were $236 million and $27 million and purchases from
LCR were $131 million and $10 million for the year ended December 31, 1998 and
for the period from December 1, 1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997,
respectively. The Partnership also assumed certain tolling arrangements as well
as terminalling and storage obligations between Lyondell and LCR and performs
certain marketing services for LCR. Aggregate charges under these various
service agreements of $15 million were made to LCR by the Partnership with
respect to 1998. No charges were made during December 1997. All of the
agreements between LCR and the Partnership are on terms generally representative
of prevailing market prices. The Partnership also has a shared services
agreement with LCR to provide LCR with information services, including mainframe
processing and maintenance. Net charges to LCR by the Partnership for the shared
services agreement were less than $1 million during 1998. No charges were made
during December 1997.
Transactions with Lyondell Methanol. The Partnership provides operating and
other services for Lyondell Methanol Company, L.P. ('Lyondell Methanol') under
the terms of existing agreements that were assumed by Equistar from Lyondell,
including the lease to Lyondell Methanol by the Partnership of the real property
on which its methanol plant is located. Pursuant to the terms of those
agreements, Lyondell Methanol pays the Partnership a management fee and will
reimburse certain expenses of the Partnership at cost. Management fees charged
by the Partnership to Lyondell Methanol totaled $6 million for the year ending
December 31, 1998 and less than $1 million during the period from December 1,
1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997. The Partnership sells natural gas to
Lyondell Methanol at prices generally representative of its cost. Purchases by
Lyondell Methanol of natural gas feedstock from the Partnership totaled $44
million and $4 million for the year ended December 31, 1998 and during the
period from December 1, 1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997, respectively.
Lyondell Methanol sells all of its products to Equistar. For the year ending
December 31, 1998 and during the period from December 1, 1997 (inception) to
December 31, 1997, purchases from Lyondell Methanol were $103 million and $15
million, respectively.
Related Party Leases. As part of their shared services agreement with the
Partnership, Millennium subleases from the Partnership certain administrative
office space at a monthly rent of $42,000.
7. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
In December 1998, the Partnership entered into a purchase agreement with an
independent issuer of receivables-backed commercial paper. Under the terms of
the agreement, the Partnership agreed to sell on an ongoing basis and without
recourse, designated accounts receivable. To maintain the balance of the
accounts receivable sold, the Partnership is obligated to sell new receivables
as existing receivables are collected. The agreement expires in December 1999.
At December 31, 1998, the Partnership's gross accounts receivable that had
been sold to the purchasers aggregated $130 million. This amount has been
reported as operating cash flows in the statement of cash flows. Costs related
to the sale are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the
statement of income.
F-16
8. INVENTORIES
Inventories at December 31, 1998 and 1997 consisted of the following:
1998 1997
---- ----
(MILLIONS OF
DOLLARS)
Raw materials........................................................... $149 $160
Work-in-process......................................................... 11 5
Finished goods.......................................................... 301 282
Materials and supplies.................................................. 88 66
---- ----
$549 $513
---- ----
---- ----
For the year ending December 31, 1998, cost of sales increased by less than
$1 million associated with the reduction of LIFO inventories. For the period
from December 1, 1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997, cost of sales increased
by approximately $1 million associated with the reduction in LIFO inventories.
The excess of the current cost of inventories over book value was approximately
$103 million at December 31, 1997.
9. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET
The components of property, plant and equipment, at cost, and the related
accumulated depreciation at December 31, 1998 and 1997 were as follows:
1998 1997
------ ------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Manufacturing facilities and equipment............................... $5,344 $3,489
Manufacturing equipment acquired under capital leases................ 236 --
Construction projects in progress.................................... 189 127
Land................................................................. 78 74
------ ------
Total property, plant and equipment............................. 5,847 3,690
Less accumulated depreciation........................................ 1,772 1,572
------ ------
Property, plant and equipment, net.............................. $4,075 $2,118
------ ------
------ ------
Depreciation expense for the year ending December 31, 1998 and for the
period from December 1, 1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997 was $200 million
and $15 million, respectively. At December 31, 1998, $10 million of the
accumulated depreciation reported in the accompanying balance sheet related to
the manufacturing equipment acquired under capital leases that was contributed
by Occidental in 1998.
In July 1998, the depreciable lives of certain assets were increased from a
range of 5 to 25 years to a range of 5 to 30 years. This change was accounted
for as a change in accounting estimate and resulted in a $33 million decrease in
depreciation expense for 1998.
10. DEFERRED CHARGES AND OTHER ASSETS
Deferred charges and other assets at December 31, 1998 and 1997 were as
follows:
1998 1997
---- ----
(MILLIONS OF
DOLLARS)
Deferred turnaround costs, net.......................................... $ 84 $ 66
Deferred software costs, net............................................ 70 44
Deferred pension asset.................................................. 30 23
Other................................................................... 73 18
---- ----
Total deferred charges and other assets............................ $257 $151
---- ----
---- ----
F-17
11. OTHER ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Other accrued liabilities at December 31, 1998 and 1997 were as follows:
1998 1997
---- ----
(MILLIONS OF
DOLLARS)
Accrued property taxes.................................................. $ 76 $ 4
Accrued freight......................................................... 22 8
Accrued payroll costs................................................... 44 19
Accrued interest........................................................ 18 --
Accrued severance and other costs related to formation of the
Partnership........................................................... 3 27
Other................................................................... 37 7
---- ----
Total other accrued liabilities.................................... $200 $ 65
---- ----
---- ----
12. LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS
Long-term debt at December 31, 1998 and 1997 was comprised of the
following:
1998 1997
------ ------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Bank credit facilities:
5-year term credit facility..................................... $1,150 $ 800
$500 million credit agreement................................... 152 --
Other debt obligations:
Medium-term notes (2000 - 2005)................................. 163 194
10.00% Notes due in 1999........................................ 150 150
9.125% Notes due in 2002........................................ 100 100
6.5% Notes due in 2006.......................................... 150 150
7.55% Debentures due in 2026.................................... 150 150
Other........................................................... -- 4
------ ------
Total long-term debt....................................... 2,015 1,548
Less current maturities.............................................. 150 36
------ ------
Long-term debt, net............................................. 1,865 1,512
Capital lease obligations (5.89% due in 2000)........................ 205 --
------ ------
Total long-term debt and lease obligations................. $2,070 $1,512
------ ------
------ ------
Aggregate maturities of long-term debt during the five years subsequent to
December 31, 1998 are as follows: 1999 - $302 million; 2000 - $247 million;
2001 - $90 million; 2002 - $1.251 billion; 2003 - $29 million. All of the above
debt is guaranteed by the partners.
The medium-term notes mature at various dates from 2000 to 2005 and have a
weighted average interest rate of 9.87 percent and 9.83 percent at December 31,
1998 and 1997, respectively.
The Partnership has a five-year, $1.25 billion credit facility (the
'Facility') with a group of banks expiring November 2002. Borrowings under the
Facility bear interest at either the Federal Funds rate plus 1/2 of 1 percent,
LIBOR plus 1/2 of 1 percent, a fixed rate offered by one of the sponsoring banks
or interest rates that are based on a competitive auction feature wherein the
interest rate can be established by competitive bids submitted by the sponsoring
banks, depending on the type of borrowing made under the Facility. Borrowings
under the Facility had a weighted average interest rate of 5.8 percent and 5.7
percent at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
On June 12, 1998, the Partnership entered into a $500 million credit
agreement consisting of a $250 million revolving credit facility and a $250
million one-year term facility. Borrowings under the $500 million credit
agreement bear interest at either the Federal Funds rate plus 1/2 of 1 percent,
LIBOR plus 0.625 percent, a fixed rate offered by one of the sponsoring banks or
interest rates that are based on a competitive auction feature wherein the
interest rate can be established by competitive bids
F-18
submitted by the sponsoring banks. At December 31, 1998, the weighted average
interest rate for borrowings under the $500 million credit agreement was 6.1
percent.
The Facility and the $500 million credit agreement (the 'Bank Credit
Facilities') are available for working capital and general purposes as needed
and contain covenants relating to liens, sale and leaseback transactions, debt
incurrence, leverage and interest coverage ratios, sales of assets and mergers
and consolidations.
In February 1999, the Partnership issued $900 million of debt securities.
The debt securities include $300 million of 8.50 percent Notes, which will
mature on February 15, 2004, and $600 million of 8.75 percent Notes, which will
mature on February 15, 2009. The Partnership intends to use the net proceeds
from this offering (i) to repay the $205 million outstanding under a capitalized
lease obligation relating to the Partnership's Corpus Christi facility, (ii) to
repay the outstanding balance under the $500 million credit agreement, after
which the $500 million credit agreement will be terminated, (iii) to repay the
outstanding $150 million, 10.0 percent Notes due in June 1999, upon maturity and
(iv) to the extent of the remaining net proceeds, reduce outstanding borrowings
under the Facility and for Partnership working capital. Outstanding borrowings
under the Partnership's $500 million credit agreement that are payable in 1999
are included as long-term obligations of the Partnership in the accompanying
balance sheet at December 31, 1998 based on the expectation that these
borrowings will be refinanced as described above.
13. UNUSUAL CHARGES
In December 1997, the Partnership recorded $42 million of unusual charges
related to the formation of the Partnership. These charges included severance
and other costs related to a workforce reduction (approximately 430 employees)
that resulted from the consolidation of the businesses contributed to the
Partnership ($30 million), various closing costs ($6 million), and various other
charges ($6 million). Approximately $15 million of these charges were paid in
1997 and $27 million were included in other accrued liabilities at December 31,
1997. During the year ended December 31, 1998, approximately $24 million of
these charges were paid and $3 million were included in other accrued
liabilities at December 31, 1998.
During 1998, the Partnership recorded and paid $35 million of unusual
charges related to its initial formation and the addition of Occidental to the
Partnership. These charges included transition personnel costs ($14 million),
costs associated with the consolidation of certain operations and facilities
($11 million), operating and transition services provided by Occidental Chemical
($7 million), various closing costs ($2 million), and other miscellaneous
charges ($1 million).
14. LEASES
At December 31, 1998, future minimum lease payments for capital and
operating leases with noncancelable lease terms in excess of one year were as
follows:
CAPITAL OPERATING
------- ---------
(MILLIONS OF
DOLLARS)
1999..................................................................... $ 13 $ 101
2000..................................................................... 208 74
2001..................................................................... -- 58
2002..................................................................... -- 44
2003..................................................................... -- 38
Thereafter............................................................... -- 336
------- ---------
Total minimum lease payments........................................ 221 $ 651
---------
---------
Imputed interest......................................................... (16)
-------
Present value of minimum lease payments.................................. $ 205
-------
-------
Operating lease net rental expense was $110 million for the year ending
December 31, 1998 and $11 million for the period from December 1, 1997
(inception) to December 31, 1997.
F-19
The Partnership is party to various unconditional purchase obligation
contracts as a purchaser for product and services. At December 31, 1998, future
minimum payments under these contracts with noncancelable contract terms in
excess of one year were as follows:
AMOUNT
---------------------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
1999..................................................................... $ 29
2000..................................................................... 28
2001..................................................................... 24
2002..................................................................... 23
2003..................................................................... 23
Thereafter............................................................... 142
------
Total minimum contract payments..................................... $ 269
------
------
The Partnership's total purchases under these agreements were $33 million
for the year ending December 31, 1998 and $3 million during the period from
December 1, 1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997.
15. RETIREMENT PLANS
All full-time regular employees of the Partnership are covered by defined
benefit pension plans sponsored by the Partnership. The plans became effective
on January 1, 1998, except for union represented employees formerly employed by
Millennium, whose plans were contributed to the Partnership on December 1, 1997,
and union represented employees formerly employed by Occidental, whose plans
were contributed to the Partnership on May 15, 1998. In connection with the
formation of the Partnership, there were no pension assets or obligations
contributed to the Partnership, except for the union represented plans described
above. Retirement benefits are based on years of service and the employee's
highest three consecutive years of compensation during the last ten years of
service. The funding policy for these plans is to make periodic contributions as
required by applicable law. The Partnership accrues pension costs based on an
actuarial valuation and funds the plans through contributions to pension trust
funds. The Partnership also has unfunded supplemental nonqualified retirement
plans which provide pension benefits for certain employees in excess of the tax
qualified plans' limits.
F-20
The following table provides a reconciliation of benefit obligations, plan
assets and funded status of the retirement plans at December 31, 1998 and 1997:
1998 1997
----- -----
(MILLIONS OF
DOLLARS)
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation, January 1............................................... $ 21 $ --
Benefit obligation contributed at inception of Partnership.................. -- 21
Benefit obligation contributed by Occidental................................ 46 --
Service cost................................................................ 16 --
Interest cost............................................................... 5 --
Actuarial loss (gain)....................................................... 5 --
Benefits paid............................................................... (5) --
----- -----
Benefit obligation, December 31............................................. $ 88 $ 21
----- -----
----- -----
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets, January 1........................................ $ 40 $--
Fair value of plan assets contributed at inception of Partnership........... -- 40
Fair value of plan assets contributed by Occidental......................... 51 --
Actual return of plan assets................................................ 1 --
Partnership contributions................................................... 1 --
Benefits paid............................................................... (5) --
----- -----
Fair value of plan assets, December 31...................................... $ 88 $ 40
----- -----
----- -----
Funded status.................................................................... $-- $ 19
Unrecognized actuarial loss (gain)............................................... 13 4
----- -----
Net amount recognized....................................................... $ 13 $ 23
----- -----
----- -----
Amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets consist of:
Prepaid benefit cost........................................................ $ 30 $ 23
Accrued benefit liability................................................... (17) --
----- -----
Net amount recognized....................................................... $ 13 $ 23
----- -----
----- -----
Weighted-average assumptions as of December 31:
Discount rate............................................................... 6.75% 7.25%
Expected return on plan assets.............................................. 9.50% 9.00%
Rate of compensation increase............................................... 4.75% 4.75%
As of December 31, 1998, Equistar had defined benefit pension plans where
the accumulated benefit obligation exceeded the fair value of plan assets. The
accumulated benefit obligation exceeded the fair value of plan assets by $19
million for these plans as of December 31, 1998. As of December 31, 1998 and
1997, Equistar had defined benefit pension plans where the fair value of plan
assets exceeded the accumulated benefit obligation. The fair value of plan
assets exceeded the accumulated benefit obligation by $19 million for these
plans as of December 31, 1998 and 1997.
The Partnership's net periodic pension cost for 1998 included the following
components:
1998
---------------------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Service cost................................................... $ 16
Interest cost.................................................. 5
Expected return on plan assets................................. (6)
------
Net periodic benefit cost...................................... $ 15
------
------
As the non-union plans became effective on January 1, 1998, the Partnership
did not recognize any net periodic pension cost during the period from December
1, 1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997.
F-21
Effective January 1, 1998, the Partnership also maintains voluntary defined
contribution savings plans for eligible employees. Under provisions of the
plans, the Partnership contributes an amount equal to 160 percent of employee
contributions up to a maximum matching contribution of eight percent of the
employee's base salary. Contributions to the plans by the Partnership were $7
million and less than $1 million for the year ended December 31, 1998 and during
the period from December 1, 1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997, respectively.
16. POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN PENSIONS
The Partnership sponsors unfunded postretirement benefit plans other than
pensions ('OPEB') for both salaried and non-salaried employees, which provide
medical and life insurance benefits. The postretirement health care plans are
contributory while the life insurance plans are non-contributory. Currently, the
Partnership pays approximately 80 percent of the cost of the health care plans,
but reserves the right to modify the cost-sharing provisions at any time. In
connection with the formation of the Partnership on December 1, 1997, Lyondell
and Millennium contributed $31 million of accrued postretirement benefit
liabilities for employees that transferred to the Partnership. Upon joining the
Partnership in May 1998, Occidental contributed $14 million of accrued
postretirement benefit liabilities for employees that transferred to the
Partnership. The following table provides a reconciliation of benefit
obligations and funded status of the OPEB plans at December 31, 1998 and 1997:
1998 1997
----- -----
(MILLIONS OF
DOLLARS)
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation, January 1............................................... $ 50 $--
Benefit obligation contributed at inception of Partnership.................. -- 50
Benefit obligation contributed by Occidental................................ 14 --
Service cost................................................................ 3 --
Interest cost............................................................... 4 --
Actuarial loss (gain)....................................................... (2) --
----- -----
Benefit obligation, December 31............................................. $ 69 $ 50
----- -----
----- -----
Funded status.................................................................... $ (69) $ (50)
Unrecognized actuarial loss (gain).......................................... 16 19
----- -----
Net amount recognized............................................................ $ (53) $ (31)
----- -----
----- -----
Amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets consist of:
Prepaid benefit cost........................................................ $-- $ --
Accrued benefit liability................................................... (53) (31)
----- -----
Net amount recognized....................................................... $ (53) $ (31)
----- -----
----- -----
Weighted-average assumptions as of December 31:
Discount rate............................................................... 6.75% 7.25%
Rate of compensation increase............................................... 4.75% 4.75%
Because the OPEB plans are unfunded, there was no change in the plan assets
during the year ended December 31, 1998 and for the period from December 1, 1997
(inception) to December 31, 1997.
The Partnership's postretirement benefit costs for 1998 included the
following components:
1998
---------------------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Service cost.......................................................................... $ 3
Interest cost......................................................................... 4
Expected return of plan assets........................................................ --
------
Net periodic benefit cost.................................................................... $ 7
------
------
F-22
The accrued postretirement benefit liabilities at December 31, 1997 were
calculated and contributed as of December 31, 1997; therefore, there was no net
periodic postretirement benefit costs for the period from December 1, 1997
(inception) to December 31, 1997.
For measurement purposes, the assumed annual rate of increase in the per
capita cost of covered health care benefits as of December 31, 1998 was 7.0
percent for 1999-2001 and 5.0 percent thereafter. The health care cost trend
rate assumption does not have a significant effect on the amounts reported. To
illustrate, increasing the assumed health care cost trend rates by one
percentage point in each year would increase the accumulated postretirement
benefit liability as of December 31, 1998 by less than $1 million and would not
have a material effect on the aggregate service and interest cost components of
the net periodic postretirement benefit cost for the year then ended. Decreasing
the assumed health care cost trend rates by one percentage point in each year
would decrease the accumulated postretirement benefit liability as of December
31, 1998 by $1 million and would not have a material effect on the aggregate
service and interest cost components of the net periodic postretirement benefit
cost for the year then ended.
17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Partnership has various purchase commitments for materials, supplies
and services incident to the ordinary conduct of business. In the aggregate,
such commitments are not at prices in excess of current market.
The Partnership is also subject to various lawsuits and proceedings.
Subject to the uncertainty inherent in all litigation, management believes the
resolution of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect upon the
financial statements or liquidity of the Partnership.
Equistar has agreed to indemnify and defend Lyondell and Millennium,
individually, against certain uninsured claims and liabilities which Equistar
may incur relating to the operation of the Contributed Business prior to
December 1, 1997 up to $7 million each within the first seven years of the
Partnership, subject to certain terms of the Asset Contribution Agreements.
Equistar has also agreed to indemnify Occidental up to $7 million on a similar
basis relating to the operation of the Occidental Contributed Business prior to
May 15, 1998. During the year ended December 31, 1998, the Partnership incurred
$5 million in expenses for these uninsured claims and liabilities. No expenses
were incurred for these uninsured claims and liabilities during the period
December 1, 1997 (inception) to December 31, 1997.
The Partnership's policy is to be in compliance with all applicable
environmental laws. The Partnership is subject to extensive environmental laws
and regulations concerning emissions to the air, discharges to surface and
subsurface waters and the generation, handling, storage, transportation,
treatment and disposal of waste materials. Some of these laws and regulations
are subject to varying and conflicting interpretations. In addition, the
Partnership cannot accurately predict future developments, such as increasingly
strict requirements of environmental laws, inspection and enforcement policies
and compliance costs therefrom which might affect the handling, manufacture,
use, emission or disposal of products, other materials or hazardous and
non-hazardous waste.
In the opinion of management, any liability arising from the matters
discussed in this Note is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the
financial statements or liquidity of the Partnership. However, the adverse
resolution in any reporting period of one or more of these matters discussed in
this Note could have a material impact on the Partnership's results of
operations for that period without giving effect to contribution or
indemnification obligations of co-defendants or others, or to the effect of any
insurance coverage that may be available to offset the effects of any such
award.
18. SEGMENT INFORMATION
Using the guidelines set forth in SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments
of an Enterprise and Related Information, the Partnership has identified two
segments in which it operates. The reportable segments are petrochemicals and
polymers. The petrochemicals segment includes olefins, oxygenated chemicals,
aromatics and specialty chemicals. Olefins include ethylene, propylene and
butadiene, and the oxygenated chemicals include ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol,
ethanol and MTBE. The petrochemicals segment also includes the production and
sale of aromatics including benzene and toluene. The polymers segment consists
of polyolefins including high-density polyethylene, low-density
F-23
polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, and performance
polymers. The performance polymers include enhanced grades of polyethylene,
including wire and cable resins, concentrates and compounds, and polymeric
powders.
No customer accounted for 10 percent or more of sales.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in
'Summary of Significant Accounting Policies' (see Note 2).
Summarized financial information concerning the Partnership's reportable
segments is shown in the following table. Intersegment sales between the
petrochemicals and polymers segments were made at prices based on current market
values.
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
PETROCHEMICALS POLYMERS
SEGMENT SEGMENT UNALLOCATED ELIMINATIONS CONSOLIDATED
-------------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Sales and other operating
revenues:
Customers................ $2,351 $ 2,012 $-- $ -- $4,363
Intersegment............. 1,112 46 -- (1,158) --
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
$3,463 $ 2,058 $-- $ (1,158) $4,363
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
Unusual charges............... $-- $ -- $ 35 $ -- $ 35
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
Operating income.............. $ 319 $ 177 $ (214) $ -- $ 282
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
Depreciation and amortization
expense..................... $ 152 $ 65 $ 51 $ -- $ 268
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
Capital expenditures.......... $ 71 $ 116 $ 13 $ -- $ 200
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
Total assets.................. $2,997 $ 2,035 $ 1,636 $ -- $6,668
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
FOR THE PERIOD FROM DECEMBER 1, 1997 (INCEPTION) TO DECEMBER 31, 1997
PETROCHEMICALS POLYMERS
SEGMENT SEGMENT UNALLOCATED ELIMINATIONS CONSOLIDATED
-------------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Sales and other operating
revenues:
Customers................ $ 179 $ 186 $-- $-- $ 365
Intersegment............. 105 -- -- (105) --
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
$ 284 $ 186 $-- $ (105) $ 365
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
Unusual charges............... $-- $ -- $ 42 $-- $ 42
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
Operating income.............. $ 47 $ 22 $ (54) $-- $ 15
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
Depreciation and amortization
expense..................... $ 7 $ 7 $ 5 $-- $ 19
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
Capital expenditures.......... $ 7 $ 4 $ 1 $-- $ 12
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
Total assets.................. $1,668 $ 1,504 $ 1,428 $-- $4,600
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
------- --------- ----------- ------------ ------------
19. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
In January 1999, the Partnership announced that it was going to shut down
and 'mothball' its gas phase HDPE reactor at Port Arthur, Texas, on March 31,
1999, as part of its long-term strategy to maximize value. The shutdown will
reduce the Partnership's HDPE capacity by 300 million pounds per year and reduce
employment at the unit from 200 to approximately 125. Customers for products
from the mothballed unit will be supplied with comparable products produced at
the Partnership's Matagorda, Victoria, and La Porte, Texas, facilities.
F-24
SCHEDULE II
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
CHARGED CHARGED
BALANCE AT TO TO OTHER BALANCE AT
BEGINNING COSTS AND ACCOUNTS- DEDUCTION END OF
OF PERIOD EXPENSES DESCRIBE DESCRIBE OF PERIOD
----------- --------- ------------- --------- ----------
(IN MILLIONS)
DESCRIPTION
Year ended December 31, 1996
Deducted from asset accounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts.... $ 16 $ 1 $ -- $ 9(a)(b) $ 8
Valuation Allowance........... -- -- 112(c) -- 112
Year ended December 31, 1997
Deducted from asset accounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts.... 8 2(d) 4(a) 2
Valuation Allowance................ 112 (31)(c) 143
Year ended December 31, 1998
Deducted from asset accounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts.... 2 1 3
Valuation Allowance........... 143 (7) 136
- ------------
(a) Uncollected accounts written off, net of recoveries.
(b) Sale of Suburban Propane.
(c) Valuation on tax carryforwards arising from demerger transactions.
(d) Reclassed to other current assets as net receivable from Equistar.
S-1
STATEMENT OF DIFFERENCES
------------------------
The section symbol shall be expressed as................................. 'SS'
The registered trademark symbol shall be expressed as.................... 'r'
Characters normally expressed as subscript shall be expressed as
baseline characters.