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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
/X/ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002
OR
//TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
For the transition period from_______ to _______
Commission File Number 0-32383
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
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(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 23-3070336
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(State or other jurisdiction of (IRS Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
c/o Pegasus Communications Management Company
225 City Line Avenue, Suite 200, Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004
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(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (888) 438-7488
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Class A Common
Stock, Par Value $0.01
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes /X/ No __
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to
Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained,
to the best of the registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of the Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. /X/
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer
(as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes__ No /X/
The aggregate market value of the voting stock (Class A Common Stock)
held by nonaffiliates of the registrant as of the last business day of the
registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter on June 28, 2002 was
approximately $36,447,377 based on the closing price of the Class A Common Stock
on such date on the Nasdaq National Market. (Reference is made to the paragraph
captioned Calculation of Aggregate Market Value of Nonaffiliate Shares of Part
II, Item 5 herein for a statement of assumptions upon which this calculation is
based.)
Number of shares of each class of the registrant's common stock
outstanding as of March 10, 2003:
Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value 4,768,195
Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value 916,380
Non-Voting, Common Stock, $0.01 par value --
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Certain portions of the Registrant's proxy statement for its 2003
annual meeting of stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III,
Items 10, 11, 12 and 13 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Except for these
portions of the proxy statement specifically incorporated herein, the proxy
statement shall not be deemed "filed" for purposes of this Annual Report on Form
10-K.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
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PART I
ITEM 1. Business.................................................... 1
ITEM 2. Properties.................................................. 19
ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings........................................... 20
ITEM 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders......... 23
PART II
ITEM 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related
Stockholder Matters......................................... 24
ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data..................................... 26
ITEM 7. Management's Narrative Analysis of the Results
of Operations............................................... 27
ITEM 7A Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about
Market Risk................................................. 44
ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data................. 48
ITEM 9. Changes In and Disagreements with Accountants on
Accounting and Financial Disclosure......................... 48
PART III
ITEM 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.......... 49
ITEM 11. Executive Compensation...................................... 49
ITEM 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and
Management and Related Stockholder Matters ................. 49
ITEM 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.............. 49
ITEM 14. Controls and Procedures..................................... 50
PART IV
ITEM 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports
on Form 8-K................................................. 50
ii
This Report contains certain forward looking statements (as such term
is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995) and
information relating to Pegasus Communications Corporation that are based on the
beliefs of our management, as well as assumptions made by and information
currently available to our management. When used in this Report, the words
"estimate," "project," "believe," "anticipate," "hope," "intend," "expect," and
similar expressions are intended to identify forward looking statements,
although not all forward looking statements contain these identifying words.
Such statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and are
subject to unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause actual
results to differ materially from those contemplated in such forward looking
statements. Such factors include the risks described in ITEM 1. BUSINESS--Risk
Factors and elsewhere in this Report and, among others, the following: general
economic and business conditions, both nationally, internationally, and in the
regions in which we operate; catastrophic events, including acts of terrorism;
relationships with and events affecting third parties like DIRECTV, Inc. and the
National Rural Telecommunications Cooperative; litigation with DIRECTV, Inc.;
the possible sale of DIRECTV, Inc.; demographic changes; existing government
regulations, and changes in, or the failure to comply with, government
regulations; competition, including our ability to offer local programming in
our direct broadcast satellite markets; the loss of any significant numbers of
subscribers or viewers; changes in business strategy or development plans; the
cost of pursuing new business initiatives; an expansion of land based
communications systems; technological developments and difficulties; an
inability to obtain intellectual property licenses and to avoid committing
intellectual property infringement; the ability to attract and retain qualified
personnel; our significant indebtedness; the availability and terms of capital
to fund the expansion of our businesses; and other factors referenced in this
Report. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward
looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. We do not undertake
any obligation to publicly release any revisions to these forward looking
statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to
reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to "we" or "us"
refer to Pegasus Communications Corporation, together with its direct and
indirect subsidiaries. "PCC" refers to Pegasus Communications Corporation
individually as a separate entity. "PSC" refers to Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc., one of our direct wholly owned subsidiaries. "PDC" refers
to Pegasus Development Corporation, another of our direct wholly owned
subsidiaries. "PM&C" refers to Pegasus Media & Communications, Inc., a wholly
owned subsidiary of PSC.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
The Company
PCC is a holding company and conducts substantially all of its
operations through its subsidiaries. PM&C has separate subsidiaries that conduct
our direct broadcast satellite ("DBS") business and substantially all of our
broadcast television business. PDC holds Ka band licenses granted by the Federal
Communications Commission ("FCC") in August 2001, intellectual property rights
licensed from Personalized Media Communications L.L.C. in January 2000, and 34
FCC guard band licenses acquired from the FCC through auctions held in September
2000 and February 2001.
PCC is controlled by Marshall W. Pagon, chief executive officer and
chairman of the board of directors of PCC, by virtue of the ownership of all
shares of PCC's Class B common stock by intermediate affiliates controlled by
Mr. Pagon. Because PCC's Class B common stock is entitled to 10 votes per share,
and its Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share, the Class B
common stock accounts for a majority of the voting power for matters upon which
all classes of voting stock vote together and not by class.
1
General
We are:
o a satellite TV company primarily focused on providing services
to rural and underserved areas of the United States;
o the tenth largest multichannel video provider in the United
States and the third largest DBS provider;
o the largest independent distributor of DIRECTV(R) programming
with in excess of 1.3 million subscribers at December 31, 2002
and the exclusive right to distribute DIRECTV services
exclusively to approximately 8.2 million rural households in
41 states and a retail network of over 3,000 independent
retailers; and
o the owner or programmer of 11 TV stations affiliated with
either CBS Television ("CBS"), Fox Broadcasting Company
("Fox"), United Paramount Network ("UPN"), or The WB
Television Network ("WB")
o the holder of FCC licenses to launch and operate Ka band
geostationary satellites at five different orbital locations,
including locations at 107(degree) W and 117(degree) W, which
will permit the delivery of service to the entire continental
United States, and other licenses.
Corporate Mission
Our mission is to provide broadcast video and other digital services to
consumers in rural and underserved areas of the United States. We are the only
publicly traded media company focused exclusively on serving America's rural and
underserved areas. In the future, we hope to expand the scope of services that
we offer and believe that the sales, customer service, and business
infrastructure that we have developed and continue to refine will assist us in
accomplishing our mission.
DBS in Rural Areas
Rural areas include approximately 85% of the total landmass of the
continental United States and have an average home density of approximately 11
homes per square mile. There are approximately 90 million people, 34 million
households, and three million businesses located in rural areas of the United
States. Because the cost of reaching a household by a cable or other wireline
distribution system is generally inversely proportional to home density and the
cost of providing satellite service is not, DBS services have strong cost
advantages over cable and other wireline distribution systems in rural areas.
Rural areas, therefore, represent a large and attractive market for DBS
services.
It is difficult, however, for satellite and other service providers to
establish sales and distribution channels in rural areas. In contrast to
metropolitan areas, where there are many strong national retail chains, few
national retailers have a presence in rural areas. Most retailers in rural areas
are independently owned and operate a limited number of store locations. For
these reasons, service providers seeking to establish broad and effective rural
distribution have limited alternatives:
o they may seek to distribute their services through national
retailers, such as Radio Shack or Wal-Mart, that have a strong
retail presence in rural areas;
o they may seek to establish direct sales channels in rural
areas;
2
o they may seek to distribute through networks of independent
retailers serving rural areas, such as have been established
by EchoStar Communications Corporation and by Pegasus.
DBS Business Strategy
In fiscal 2001 we shifted our business strategy from an emphasis on
subscriber growth to a focus on: 1) increasing the quality of new subscribers
and the composition of our existing subscriber base, 2) enhancing the returns on
investment in our subscribers, 3) generating free cash flow, and 4) preserving
liquidity. To attain these goals, we have significantly changed our subscriber
acquisition, development, and retention plans and have implemented broad based
cost reduction measures.
The primary focus of our "Quality First" strategy is on improving the
quality and creditworthiness of our subscriber base. More specifically, our
strategy includes:
o Adding and keeping high margin, creditworthy subscribers. Our
goal is to acquire and retain high quality subscribers, to
cause average subscribers to become high quality subscribers,
and to reduce acquisition and retention investments in low
quality subscribers. To achieve these goals, our subscriber
acquisition, development, and retention efforts focus on
subscribers who are less likely to churn and who are more
likely to subscribe to more programming services, including
local and network programming, and to use multiple receivers.
Our strategy includes a significant emphasis on credit scoring
of potential subscribers, adding and upgrading subscribers in
markets where DIRECTV offers local channels, and who subscribe
to multiple receivers. It is our experience that these
attributes are closely correlated with lower churn, increased
cash flow, and higher returns on investment. Our strategy also
includes the use of behavioral and predictive scores to group
subscribers and to design retention campaigns, upgrade offers,
and consumer offers consistent with our emphasis on acquiring
and retaining high quality subscribers and reducing our
investment in lower quality subscribers.
o Continued development of the Pegasus retail network. We have
established our network of independent retailers in order to
distribute DIRECTV in our DIRECTV exclusive territories. Our
consolidation of DIRECTV's rural affiliates has enabled us to
expand our retail network to over 3,000 independent retailers
in 41 states. We believe that our retail network is one of the
few sales and distribution channels for digital satellite
services with broad and effective reach in rural areas of the
U.S. We intend to further expand our retail network in order
to increase the penetration of DIRECTV in rural areas while
making our retail network more effective and valuable to us by
continuing to eliminate dealers associated with high churn
subscribers, developing incentives that reward dealers for
obtaining longer term, better revenue generating subscribers,
and selectively limiting dealer participation in certain sales
programs.
o Continued development of alternate channels of distribution.
We are also expanding our marketing of DIRECTV beyond our
traditional retail network. We intend to significantly
increase the contribution to subscriber acquisition from
channels such as direct sales, community marketing, small
cable, multichannel multipoint distribution services ("MMDS"),
and other multichannel video system subscriber conversions,
regional consumer electronic outlets, commercial
establishments, and certificate based models (a sales model
that does not involve equipment at point of sale). In all
cases, we will closely align channel and subscriber economics
to the expected quality of subscribers acquired.
3
o Generating future growth by bundling additional digital
services with our distribution of DIRECTV programming. New
digital services, such as digital audio services, broadband
multimedia services, and mobile satellite services, are or
will be increasingly introduced to consumers and businesses in
the next five years. We believe that these services, like DBS,
should achieve disproportionate success in rural areas.
However, because there are limited sales and distribution
channels in rural areas, new digital service providers will
confront the same difficulties that DBS service providers have
encountered in establishing broad distribution in rural areas,
as compared to metropolitan areas. We believe that our retail
network, alternative sales channels, and our relationships
with our existing DBS subscriber base will enable us to
establish relationships with digital service providers that
will position us to capitalize on these new opportunities.
Broad based cost reduction measures we undertook in 2002 to aid in
preserving liquidity and improving operating performance included 1) work force
reductions, 2) reductions in discretionary expenditures, such as advertising and
selling expenses, 3) reduced amounts expended for communication services
resulting from a renegotiation of a contract for such services, 4) reduction in
bad debt expense that resulted from a better quality subscriber base and
improved account collection efforts, and 5) reduction in customer care costs
related to dispatch management and improved customer care efficiency metrics.
DBS Television
There are currently two nationally branded DBS programming services:
DIRECTV, which is a service of DIRECTV, Inc., a subsidiary of Hughes Electronics
Corporation, and The DISH Network ("DISH"), which is owned by EchoStar
Communications Corporation.
Both DBS programming services are digital services and require that a
subscriber install or have installed a satellite receiving antenna (or dish) and
a digital receiver. DIRECTV and DISH require a satellite dish (as small as 18
inches in diameter, depending upon the services received). As of December 31,
2002, the market shares of DIRECTV and DISH among all DBS subscribers nationally
were approximately 58% and 42%, respectively, compared to approximately 61% and
39%, respectively, at December 31, 2001.
DIRECTV
DIRECTV offers in excess of 800 entertainment channels of near laser
disc quality video and compact disc quality audio programming. DIRECTV currently
transmits via five high power Ku band satellites and has two spare satellites in
orbit. We believe that DIRECTV's extensive line up of pay per view movies and
events and sports packages, including the exclusive "NFL Sunday Ticket," have
enabled DIRECTV to capture a majority market share of existing DBS subscribers
and will continue to drive strong subscriber growth for DIRECTV programming in
the future.
DIRECTV Rural Affiliates
Prior to the launch of DIRECTV's programming service, Hughes
Communications Galaxy, Inc, succeeded by DIRECTV, Inc., entered into an
agreement with the National Rural Telecommunications Cooperative ("NRTC")
authorizing the NRTC to offer its members and affiliates the opportunity to
acquire exclusive rights to distribute DIRECTV programming services in rural
areas of the United States. The NRTC is a cooperative organization whose members
and affiliates are engaged in the distribution of telecommunications and other
services in predominantly rural areas of the United States. Approximately 250
NRTC members and affiliates initially acquired such exclusive rights, thereby
becoming DIRECTV rural affiliates.
4
When DIRECTV was launched in 1994, we were the largest of the original
DIRECTV rural affiliates, with a DIRECTV exclusive territory of approximately
500,000 homes in four New England states. In October 1996, we first acquired
exclusive distribution rights from another DIRECTV rural affiliate, thereby
beginning a process of consolidation that has significantly changed the
composition of DIRECTV's rural affiliates. Since October 1996, we have
collectively completed an aggregate of 166 acquisitions directly ourselves or
indirectly through our acquisitions of Digital Television Services, Inc. in
April 1998 and Golden Sky Holdings, Inc. in May 2000. Our last acquisition
occurred in the first quarter of 2000.
DIRECTV Programming
DIRECTV programming includes 1) cable networks, broadcast networks
(including, where available, local broadcast network services, which is also
known as "local into local", channels), and audio services available for
purchase in tiers for a monthly subscription, 2) premium services available a la
carte for a monthly subscription, 3) sports programming (including regional
sports networks and seasonal collegiate and premium professional sports
packages) available for a yearly, seasonal, or monthly subscription, and 4)
movies and events available for purchase on a pay per view basis.
Our core programming packages consist of Select Choice, Total Choice,
Total Choice Plus, and Total Choice Premier. The following is a summary of these
programming packages:
o Select Choice. Delivers over 45 popular channels of news,
sports, and entertainment programming and optional access to
pay per view channels that retails for $24.99 per month.
o Total Choice. Delivers over 110 basic entertainment channels,
including 31 digital music channels and optional access to pay
per view channels, that retails for $34.99 per month.
o Total Choice Plus. Delivers over 125 basic entertainment
channels, including everything in Total Choice and over 15
additional channels and optional access to pay per view
channels, that retails for $38.99 per month.
o Total Choice Premier. Delivers more than 180 channels,
including everything in Total Choice Plus, 31 premium movie
channels, and over 20 regional and specialty sports networks
and optional access to pay per view channels, that retails for
$84.99 per month.
Core programming package pricing includes the benefits of the Pegasus
Digital One Plan (see - DBS Sales and Distribution - The Pegasus Digital One
Plan below) such as repair service without additional cost, if the subscriber is
covered by that plan, but does not include a royalty fee of up to $1.50 to
reimburse us for certain costs.
We offer other programming in addition to our core programming
packages. In designated market areas ("DMA's") where available, subscribers may
obtain local broadcast network services packages for $6.00 per month. There are
206 DMA's in the continental United States. We have subscribers that reside in
132 DMA's. Local broadcast network services offered by DIRECTV, Inc. are
currently available in 33 of the DMA's where our subscribers reside. Our local
broadcast network services packages include stations from the major networks
ABC, CBS, NBC, and Fox, as well as PBS, WB, and UPN stations and independent
stations, where available. DIRECTV, Inc. announced that in 2003 it will bring
local broadcast network services to more DMA's. By the end of 2003, local
broadcast network services will be available to our subscribers in 65 DMA's.
5
We provide premium sports programming such as NFL SUNDAY TICKET(TM),
which allows subscribers to view as many as 14 NFL games played each Sunday
during the regular season, subject to blackout restrictions. DIRECTV is the
exclusive DBS provider of NFL SUNDAY TICKET. In addition, we provide
subscriptions for other premium professional and collegiate sports programming,
such as NBA LEAGUE PASS, MEGA MARCH MADNESS(R), MLB EXTRA INNINGS(SM), NHL(R)
CENTER ICE(R), MLS SHOOTOUT, ESPN GamePlan, and ESPN FULL COURT(R).
All of our programming packages offer access to our pay per view
channels. We offer a selection of movies, including new hit movies, sports, and
other live events on a pay per view basis that subscribers can order from their
remote control, online or by telephone. Our pay per view movies range from $2.99
to $5.99 per movie, but most are priced at $3.99. Movies recently released for
pay per view are available for viewing on multiple channels at staggered
starting times so that a viewer generally would not have to wait more than 30
minutes to view a particular movie.
Subscribers may also subscribe to various premium services. We
distribute up to 31 different premium channels including seven HBO channels,
four STARZ!(R), five SHOWTIME(R), eight ENCORE(SM), two feeds of The Movie
Channel(R), three Cinemax(R) channels, FLIX(R), and Sundance Channel(R). We also
offer Sports Pack, consisting of regional and specialty sports networks
including The Golf Channel(R), NBA TV, Outdoor Channel(R), Fox Sports World, Fox
Sports Net(R) channels, Comcast Sports Net, Empire Sports Network, Madison
Square Garden(R), New England Sports Network, Sunshine Network, and the YES
Network(R). Premium services are available to subscribers at prices based upon
the number of services selected, ranging from $12 for one service to $48 for
five services.
DBS Sales and Distribution
We obtain new subscribers through several channels of distribution.
Marketing efforts related to subscriber acquisition focus on subscribers who are
less likely to churn and who are more likely to be interested in more expansive
and higher revenue generating programming packages and services, including local
and network programming, and the use of multiple receivers. In all channels
there is a significant emphasis on credit scoring of potential subscribers,
adding subscribers in markets where DIRECTV offers local channels, and adding
subscribers that want multiple receivers. These attributes provide significant
competitive advantages and are closely correlated to favorable churn
performance, cash flow generation, and ultimately returns on investment in
subscribers.
Many of the markets that we serve are not passed by cable or are passed
by older cable systems with limited numbers of channels. We actively market our
DIRECTV programming to potential subscribers in these market segments as their
primary source of television programming. We believe that these market segments
will continue to be a source for new subscribers for us in the future.
We offer a variety of incentives to our subscribers, dealers, and
distributors. Incentives to subscribers consist of free or discounted prices for
DIRECTV programming, equipment needed to access the programming, and
installation of equipment that accesses the programming. Incentives in the form
of equipment subsidies, installation subsidies, commissions, and/or flex
payments are paid directly to dealers and distributors. Our incentives are
changed from time to time in accordance with certain business rules to reward
particular dealer behavior or to achieve a particular mix of sales offers.
6
Independent Retail Network. Our independent retail network consists of
dealer relationships. These dealer relationships include over 3,000 independent
satellite, consumer electronics, and other retailers serving rural areas. We
began the development of our retail network in 1995 in order to distribute
DIRECTV in our original DIRECTV exclusive territories in New England. We have
expanded this network into 41 states as a result of our acquisitions of DIRECTV
rural affiliates since 1996. Today, our retail network is one of the few sales
and distribution channels available to digital satellite service providers
seeking broad and effective distribution in rural areas throughout the
continental United States.
We have developed and are continuing to develop programs to make our
retail network more effective and valuable to us by eliminating dealers
associated with high churn subscribers, establishing eligibility requirements
for all of our consumer offers, and providing dealer incentive compensation
programs that reward dealers for the acquisition of better subscribers.
Dealers enroll subscribers to our DIRECTV programming, provide them
with equipment, and arrange for installation of the equipment. We create and
launch the promotions for our DIRECTV programming, equipment, and installations.
Once subscribers have been enrolled through this network, they contact us
directly to activate their programming.
In order to facilitate the acquisition of subscribers by our retail
network, we have entered into certain distribution arrangements with national
distributors (see Two Step Distributor Relationships below) whereby our dealers
can obtain DIRECTV equipment systems with certain equipment subsidies provided
by us.
Direct and Other Sales Channel. We have developed direct sales
capabilities to facilitate the acquisition of new subscribers via outbound
telemarketing, advertising and marketing driven inbound efforts, and other
direct strategies, and to reduce subscriber acquisition costs ("SAC"). We
directly enroll subscribers through our direct sales channel and arrange for
equipment delivery and installation through certain distribution arrangements
with third party service providers and national distributors.
We intend to significantly increase the contribution to subscriber
acquisition from channels such as direct sales, community marketing, small
cable, MMDS, and other multichannel video system subscriber conversions,
regional consumer electronic outlets, commercial establishments, and certificate
based models. In these channels, we can utilize our direct sales capabilities to
facilitate equipment delivery and installation through certain fulfillment
arrangements with third party service providers and national distributors (see
Two Step Distributor Relationships below). Once subscribers have been enrolled
through these channels, they contact us directly to activate their programming.
National Retail Chains. We also obtain subscribers to our DIRECTV
programming through national retail chains selling DIRECTV under arrangements
directly with DIRECTV, Inc.
Two Step Distributor Relationships. In order to facilitate the
acquisition of subscribers via our retail network, our direct sales
capabilities, and alternate channels of distribution, we have entered into
certain distribution and fulfillment arrangements with national distributors.
Distributors purchase directly from manufacturers and maintain in their
inventory the equipment needed by subscribers to access our DIRECTV programming.
Distributors sell this equipment to dealers who, in turn, provide the equipment
to subscribers. Distributors directly charge the dealers for the equipment they
sell to them. Dealers enroll subscribers to our DIRECTV programming, provide
them with equipment, and arrange for installation of the equipment. Distributors
also drop ship to subscribers or arrange for equipment fulfillment to
subscribers obtained through our direct sales channel or through one of our
other alternate channels of distribution. For these channels of distribution, we
directly enroll subscribers and arrange for equipment delivery and installation
through distributors.
7
Currently, we obtain substantially all of our subscribers through one
of two consumer offers: Pegasus Digital One Plan or a Standard Sale Plan.
The Pegasus Digital One Plan. Under this plan, subscribers are provided
with equipment, consisting of one or more receivers, obtain DIRECTV programming
for a monthly programming fee, enter into an initial 12 month commitment secured
by a credit card, and enjoy the benefits of repair service without additional
cost (subject to certain conditions). All subscribers are credit scored prior to
enrollment, and consumer offers and dealer compensation are modified according
to the results. Under this plan, we have title to the receivers and remote
controls provided to subscribers. Subscribers who terminate service but do not
return equipment and access cards are assessed equipment and access card
nonreturn fees. Failure to comply with the 12 month commitment, including, in
some instances, suspension and discontinuance or downgrading of service, can
result in the imposition of cancellation fees intended to reimburse us in part
for our cost of special introductory promotional offers, equipment and
installation subsidies, and dealer commissions.
Standard Sale Plan. Under this plan, subscribers purchase equipment,
consisting of one or more receivers, and obtain DIRECTV programming for a
monthly programming fee. All subscribers are credit scored prior to enrollment,
and consumer offers and dealer compensation are modified according to the
results. We require most standard sale subscribers to make an initial 12 month
programming commitment. Failure to comply with the 12 month commitment,
including, in some instances, suspension and discontinuance or downgrading of
service, can result in the imposition of cancellation fees intended to reimburse
us in part for our cost of special introductory promotional offers, equipment
and installation subsidies, and dealer commissions.
DBS Agreements
Prior to the launch of the first DIRECTV satellite in 1993, Hughes
Communications Galaxy, Inc. entered into various agreements intended to assist
it in the introduction of DIRECTV services, including agreements with
RCA/Thomson for the development and manufacture of DBS reception equipment and
with United States Satellite Broadcasting Company, Inc. for the sale of five
transponders on the first satellite. In an agreement entered into in 1992, as
amended in 1994, Hughes offered members and affiliates of the NRTC the
opportunity to become the exclusive providers of certain DBS services using the
DIRECTV satellites at the 101(degree) W orbital location, generally including
DIRECTV programming, to specified residences and commercial subscribers in rural
areas of the U.S. NRTC members and affiliates that participated in its DBS
program acquired the rights to provide the DBS services described above in their
service areas. The service areas purchased by participating NRTC members and
affiliates were initially acquired for aggregate commitment payments exceeding
$100 million.
We are an affiliate of the NRTC, participating through agreements in
its DBS program. The agreement between Hughes (and DIRECTV, Inc. as its
successor) and the NRTC, and related agreements between the NRTC and its
participating members and affiliates, provide those members and affiliates with
substantial rights and benefits from distribution in their service areas of the
DBS services, including the right to set pricing, to retain all subscription
remittances and to appoint sales agents. In exchange for such rights and
benefits, the participating members and affiliates made substantial commitment
payments to DIRECTV, Inc. In addition, the participating members and affiliates
are required to reimburse DIRECTV, Inc. for their allocable shares of certain
common expenses, such as programming, satellite specific costs and expenses
associated with the billing and authorization systems, and to remit to DIRECTV,
Inc. a 5% fee on subscription revenues.
8
DIRECTV, Inc. has disputed the extent of the rights held by the
participating NRTC members and affiliates. See ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings--
DIRECTV Litigation.
The agreements between the NRTC and participating NRTC members and
affiliates terminate when the DIRECTV satellites are removed from their orbital
location at the end of their lives. Our agreements with the NRTC may also be
terminated as follows:
o If the agreement between DIRECTV, Inc. and the NRTC is
terminated because of a breach by DIRECTV, Inc., the NRTC may
terminate its agreements with us, but the NRTC will be
responsible for paying to us our pro rata portion of any
refunds that the NRTC receives from DIRECTV, Inc.
o If we fail to make any payment due to the NRTC or otherwise
breach a material obligation of our agreements with the NRTC,
the NRTC may terminate our agreement with the NRTC in addition
to exercising other rights and remedies against us.
o If the NRTC's agreement with DIRECTV, Inc. is terminated
because of a breach by the NRTC, DIRECTV, Inc. is obligated to
continue to provide DIRECTV programming to us by assuming the
NRTC's rights and obligations under the NRTC's agreement with
DIRECTV, Inc. or under a new agreement containing
substantially the same terms and conditions as the NRTC's
agreement with DIRECTV, Inc.
We are not permitted under our agreements with the NRTC to assign or
transfer, directly or indirectly, our rights under these agreements without the
prior written consent of the NRTC and DIRECTV, Inc., which consents cannot be
unreasonably withheld.
The NRTC has adopted a policy requiring any party acquiring DIRECTV
distribution rights from a NRTC member or affiliate to post a letter of credit
to secure payment of NRTC's billings when acquisitions occur and when monthly
payments to the NRTC exceeds a specified amount. Pursuant to this policy, our
subsidiaries and we have posted at December 31, 2002 $59.0 million of letters of
credit.
On August 9, 2000, Pegasus Satellite Television, Inc. and Golden Sky
Systems, Inc. entered into an agreement with DIRECTV, Inc. to provide seamless
customer service to all of our existing and prospective subscribers pursuant to
a seamless consumer program agreement. The seamless consumer program agreement
allows us to provide subscribers more expansive service selection during
activation and a simplified and consolidated billing process. In particular, we
have the right to provide our subscribers with video services currently
distributed by DIRECTV, Inc. from certain frequencies, including the right to
provide the premium services HBO, Showtime, Cinemax, and The Movie Channel, as
well as sports programming and local TV stations. Under the agreement, we retain
10% to 20% of the revenues associated with these additional programming
services. The agreement is terminable by DIRECTV, Inc. on 90 days notice. The
premium services portion of the agreement is the subject of litigation with
DIRECTV, Inc. For more information concerning this ongoing litigation, see ITEM
3. Legal Proceedings--DIRECTV Litigation--Pegasus Satellite Television and
Golden Sky Systems.
Broadcast Television
We own or operate 11 TV stations affiliated with CBS, Fox, UPN, or WB.
The markets served by and network affiliations of the stations are: Jackson,
Mississippi - WB, UPN; Chattanooga, Tennessee - Fox; Gainesville, Florida - CBS;
Tallahassee, Florida - Fox, UPN; Wilkes-Barre/Scranton, Pennsylvania - Fox, WB;
and Portland, Maine - WB, UPN.
9
We have entered into local marketing or similar agreements ("LMA's") in
certain markets where we already own a station. These agreements allow us to
program the broadcast hours of a station we do not own and sell advertising for
that time, and provide additional opportunities for increasing revenue share
with limited additional operating expenses. However, the FCC has adopted changes
to its ownership rules that in most instances would prohibit us from expanding
in our existing markets through LMA's and may require us to modify or terminate
our existing agreements. The changes in the rules directly relating to LMA's
were affirmed by a federal court last year. That same court also remanded to the
FCC, for further justification, the FCC rule limiting the number of broadcast
television stations in which one party may have an attributable interest (which
may include an interest resulting from an LMA) in the same market. The FCC is
now reviewing that rule pursuant to the biennial review of its ownership
restrictions mandated by the Telecommunications Act. We have two markets in
which we own a station and separately program a station pursuant to an LMA: in
Portland, Maine, we own a station affiliated with WB and program a UPN affiliate
pursuant to an LMA; in Wilkes-Barre/Scranton, we own a station affiliated with
Fox and program a WB affiliate pursuant to an LMA.
Competition
Our DBS business competes with a number of different sources that
provide news, information, and entertainment programming to consumers,
including:
o EchoStar;
o cable television systems;
o internet companies;
o local television broadcast stations that provide off air
programming that can be received using a roof top antenna and
television set;
o satellite master antenna television systems, commonly known as
SMATV, which generally serve condominiums, apartment and
office complexes, and residential developments;
o wireless program distribution services, commonly called
wireless cable systems, which use low power microwave
frequencies to transmit video programming over the air to
subscribers;
o other operators who build and operate communications systems
in the same communities that we serve;
o movie theaters; and
o home video products.
Each of these may be able to offer more competitive packages or pricing than
DIRECTV, Inc. or we can provide. In addition, the DBS industry is still evolving
and recent or future competitive developments could adversely affect our DBS
business.
10
Our TV stations compete for audience share, programming and advertising
revenue with other television stations in their respective markets, and with
cable operators and other advertising media. Cable operators in particular are
competing more aggressively than in the past for advertising revenues in our TV
stations' markets. This competition could adversely affect our stations'
revenues and performance in the future.
In addition, the markets in which we operate are in a constant state of
change due to technological, economic, and regulatory developments. We are
unable to predict what forms of competition will develop in the future, the
extent of such competition or the possible effects on our businesses.
Employees
As of December 31, 2002, we had 1,157 full time and 153 part time
employees. We are not a party to any collective bargaining agreements and we
consider our relations with our employees to be good.
New Business Development Initiatives
Ka band Licenses. On August 2, 2001, the FCC awarded us licenses to
launch and operate Ka band geostationary satellites at five different orbital
locations. Geostationary satellite systems are capable of providing two way,
"always on," high speed or broadband Internet access directly to residential and
small office/home office consumers as well as high quality video and audio
services channels.
Our licenses require that we contract for our first satellite no later
than August 2002. As required by our licenses, in August 2002 we entered into a
contract for the design and construction of an initial satellite. Our licenses
require that we enter into contracts for the construction of satellites for our
remaining four orbital slots by August 2003. If we do not meet this deadline
with respect to any of those slots, and if the FCC does not extend the deadline,
one or more of these other licenses may be nullified.
Our licenses are based on rights deriving from an international treaty
administered by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). U.S. rights to
our 107(degree) W.L. licenses expired on March 9, 2003. However, in February
2003 the FCC submitted documentation to the ITU necessary to effect an extension
of the rights to the 107 (degree) W.L. to March 9, 2005. While we believe it
unlikely, it is possible that the ITU may reject the FCC's extension request.
Such a rejection could adversely impact our plans.
Our licenses also require that we coordinate our use of the slots and
spectrum with other existing or potential licensees of other ITU signatory
administrations. Such coordination is required to ensure that harmful
interference is not caused to other satellite systems. There can be no assurance
that our proposed operations can be coordinated successfully. Failure to
conclude such coordination at one or more of our licensed slots could have a
material adverse impact on our business plan.
There is no assurance that any expenditures we incur will result in the
successful construction or procurement and launch of a satellite or satellites
or the successful development, marketing, and sale of services associated with
the operation of these satellites. If we are successful in constructing and
launching a satellite or satellites, it is likely that we would incur additional
11
expenses in the operation of the satellite service that we have not yet
determined or quantified. There can be no assurances that we will be able to
secure the necessary financing to complete our system or that we will be able to
procure satellites within the required milestones. At December 31, 2002, we have
expended approximately $2.3 million in the development of Ka band geostationary
satellites.
Guard Band Licenses. In September 2000, we were the high bidder for
licenses serving 31 MEA's ("major economic areas") auctioned by the FCC for use
of frequencies in the 700 megahertz frequency band. We paid $91.6 million in
cash for these licenses. On December 21, 2000, the FCC issued us the licenses
for these frequencies. In February 2001 the FCC auctioned additional 700
megahertz licenses that were not awarded in the original September 2000 auction.
In this auction, we were the high bidder on three additional licenses for
aggregate consideration of $3.8 million. On June 6, 2001, the FCC issued to us
the licenses for these three additional frequencies.
These licenses, the so called "guard band" licenses, are located in the
700 MHz frequency band between the portion of the 700 MHz spectrum reserved for
public safety operations and the portion allocated for commercial wireless
services. The FCC's rules limit the power levels, height of facilities, types of
systems, and the uses that may be employed for these guard bands in order to
reduce the possibility of harmful interference to either the public safety
operations or commercial wireless services. Formerly, the 700 MHz frequency band
was reserved for use by UHF television channels 60 through 69 until the FCC
reallocated 36 MHz of this spectrum for commercial use and 24 MHz for public
safety use at the direction of Congress. Currently, incumbent television
broadcasters operate in portions of the spectrum and are permitted by statute to
continue operations until their markets are converted from analog to digital
television. This conversion is an ongoing effort that may not be fully completed
until at least December 31, 2006.
Of our 34 guard band licenses, 32 are designated as "A" licenses, which
means that each license is 2 MHz consisting of a pair of 1 MHz guard band
frequencies. These licenses include MEA's such as Boston, Chicago, Detroit, New
York City, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Portland, San Francisco/Oakland, and
Seattle. Two of the licenses are "B" licenses of 4 MHz, consisting of a pair of
2 MHz guard band frequencies, in each of the MEA's in the country. The term of
our licenses runs through January 1, 2015.
Under applicable performance requirements, by January 1, 2015, we must
provide substantial service to the service areas covered by the guard band
licenses. The FCC's rules provide for a presumption of substantial service if
the licensee either leases a predominant amount of the licensed spectrum in at
least 50% of the geographic area covered by the license or provides coverage to
at least 50% of the service area's population. We cannot assure you that we will
be able to provide substantial service according to the FCC's requirements. We
must also monitor all compliance and interference protection standards for the
guard band licenses. These requirements include complying with, and ensuring
that licensees comply with, limits on out of band emission levels, providing
mandatory advanced notification of technical parameters to nearby guard band
users and public safety frequency coordinators and cooperating with officials
and other guard band managers to resolve problems.
As a guard band licensee, we must lease at least 50.1% of the licensed
spectrum in a geographic area to unaffiliated parties on a for profit basis. We
may subdivide our spectrum in any manner we choose and make it available to
system operators or directly to end users for fixed or mobile communications,
consistent with the frequency coordination and interface rules specified for the
bands. We have not fully developed our plans for use of the guard band licenses
in our business at this time.
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Legislation and Regulation
This section sets forth a brief summary of regulatory issues pertaining
to our DBS business. It is not intended to describe all present and proposed
government regulation and legislation that affects the DBS industry in general
or us or our operations in particular.
In February 1996, Congress passed the Telecommunications Act, which
substantially amended the Federal Communications Act of 1934, as amended
("Communications Act"). This legislation has altered and will continue to alter
federal, state, and local laws and regulations affecting the communications
industry, including us and certain of the services we provide.
On November 29, 1999, Congress enacted the Satellite Home Viewer
Improvement Act of 1999 ("SHVIA"), which amended the Satellite Home Viewer Act.
SHVIA permits DBS operators to transmit local television signals into local
markets. In other important statutory amendments of significance to satellite
carriers and television broadcasters, the law generally seeks to place satellite
operators on an equal footing with cable television operators in regards to the
availability of television broadcast programming.
Unlike a cable operator or a common carrier (such as a telephone
company), DBS operators such as DIRECTV, Inc. are free to set prices and serve
subscribers according to their business judgment, without rate of return or
other regulation or the obligation not to discriminate among subscribers.
However, there are laws and regulations that affect DIRECTV, Inc. and,
therefore, affect us. As an operator of a privately owned U.S. satellite system,
DIRECTV, Inc. is subject to the regulatory jurisdiction of the FCC, primarily
with respect to:
o the licensing of individual satellites (i.e., the requirement
that DIRECTV, Inc. meet minimum financial, legal, and
technical standards);
o avoidance of interference with radio stations; and
o compliance with rules that the FCC has established
specifically for DBS licenses, including rules that the FCC is
in the process of adopting to govern the retransmission of
television broadcast stations by DBS operators.
As a distributor of television programming, DIRECTV, Inc. is also
affected by numerous other laws and regulations. The Telecommunications Act
clarifies that the FCC has exclusive jurisdiction over direct to home satellite
services and that criminal penalties may be imposed for piracy of direct to home
satellite services. The Telecommunications Act also offers direct to home
operators relief from private and local government imposed restrictions on the
placement of receiving antennae. In some instances, direct to home operators
have been unable to serve areas due to laws, zoning ordinances, homeowner
association rules, or restrictive property covenants banning the installation of
antennae on or near homes. The FCC has promulgated rules designed to implement
Congress' intent by prohibiting any restriction, including zoning, land use, or
building regulation, or any private covenant, homeowners' association rule, or
similar restriction on property within the exclusive use or control of the
antenna user where the user has a direct or indirect ownership interest in the
property, to the extent it impairs the installation, maintenance, or use of a
DBS receiving antenna that is one meter or less in diameter or diagonal
measurement, except where such restriction is necessary to accomplish a clearly
defined safety objective or to preserve a recognized historic district. Local
governments and associations may apply to the FCC for a waiver of this rule
based on local concerns of a highly specialized or unusual nature. The FCC also
issued a further order giving renters the right to install antennas in areas of
their rental property in which they have exclusive use, e.g. balconies or
patios. The Telecommunications Act also preempted local (but not state)
governments from imposing taxes or fees on direct to home services, including
DBS.
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In addition to regulating pricing practices and competition within the
franchise cable television industry, the Communications Act is intended to
establish and support existing and new multichannel video services, such as
wireless cable and direct to home. DIRECTV, Inc. and we have benefited from the
programming access provisions of the Communications Act and implementing rules
in that DIRECTV, Inc. has been able to gain access to previously unavailable
programming services and, in some circumstances, has obtained certain
programming services at reduced cost. Any amendment to, or interpretation of,
the Communications Act or the FCC's rules that would permit cable companies or
entities affiliated with cable companies to discriminate against competitors
such as DIRECTV, Inc. in making programming available (or to discriminate in the
terms and conditions of such programming) could adversely affect DIRECTV, Inc.'s
ability to acquire programming on a cost effective basis, which would have an
adverse impact on us. The prohibition on exclusive programming contracts between
cable affiliated programmers and cable operators will expire in October 2007
unless the FCC extends such restrictions.
The FCC has adopted rules imposing public interest requirements for
providing video programming on direct to home licensees, including, at a
minimum, reasonable and nondiscriminatory access by qualified federal candidates
for office at the lowest unit rates and the obligation to set aside four percent
of the licensee's channel capacity for noncommercial programming of an
educational or informational nature. Within this set aside requirement, direct
to home providers must make capacity available to "national educational
programming suppliers" at rates not exceeding 50% of the direct to home
provider's direct costs of making the capacity available to the programmer.
SHVIA amends the Copyright Act and the Communications Act in order to
clarify the terms and conditions under which a DBS operator may retransmit local
and distant broadcast television stations to subscribers. The law was intended
to promote the ability of satellite services to compete with cable television
systems and to resolve disputes that had arisen between broadcasters and
satellite carriers regarding the delivery of broadcast television station
programming to satellite service subscribers. As a result of SHVIA, television
stations are generally entitled to seek carriage on any DBS operator's system
providing local into local service in their respective markets.
SHVIA creates a statutory copyright license applicable to the
retransmission of broadcast television stations to DBS subscribers located in
their markets. Although there is no royalty payment obligation associated with
this license, eligibility for the license is conditioned on the satellite
carrier's compliance with the applicable Communications Act provisions and FCC
rules governing the retransmission of such "local" broadcast television stations
to satellite service subscribers. Noncompliance with the Communications Act
and/or FCC requirements could subject a satellite carrier to liability for
copyright infringement.
The amendments to the Communications Act contained in SHVIA provided
that, as of January 1, 2002, a satellite carrier that relies on the statutory
copyright license to retransmit a broadcast station to subscribers in the
station's local market is required to retransmit any other broadcast station in
that market that has elected to assert its right to mandatory carriage and has
so notified the satellite carrier. Broadcast stations in markets where a
satellite carrier is retransmitting a local signal were required to make their
election by July 1, 2001; carriers receiving such notice have 30 days to
respond. The initial election remains in effect until December 31, 2005;
thereafter, broadcasters will make new elections every three years. In December
2001, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 4th Circuit rendered a decision
upholding the carry one, carry all provisions of SHVIA. In June 2002, the U.S.
Supreme Court denied requests that it review the 4th Circuit decision.
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Other provisions contained in SHVIA address the retransmission by a
satellite service provider of a broadcast television station to subscribers who
reside outside the local market of the station being retransmitted. A DBS
provider may retransmit such "distant" broadcast stations affiliated with the
national broadcast television networks to those subscribers meeting certain
specified eligibility criteria that the FCC is directed to implement. The
primary determinant of a subscriber's eligibility to receive a distant affiliate
of a particular network is whether the subscriber is able to receive a "Grade B"
strength signal from an affiliate of that network using a conventional rooftop
broadcast television antenna. As required by SHVIA, the FCC also has adopted
rules subjecting the satellite retransmission of certain distant stations to
program "blackout" rules. These rules are similar to rules currently applicable
to the retransmission of distant broadcast television stations by cable systems.
The FCC has commenced a proceeding to consider the application of these rules to
the carriage of digital signals.
SHVIA also makes a number of revisions to the statutory copyright
license provisions applicable to the retransmission of distant broadcast
television stations to satellite service subscribers. These changes include
reducing the monthly per subscriber royalty rate payable under the distant
signal compulsory copyright license and creating a new compulsory copyright
license applicable to the retransmission of a national PBS programming feed. The
compulsory copyright license applicable to the retransmission of distant
broadcast signals to satellite service subscribers will expire on January 1,
2005, unless it is extended by Congress. If the license expires, DBS operators
will be required to negotiate in the marketplace to obtain the copyright
clearances necessary for the retransmission of distant broadcast signals to
satellite service subscribers.
The final outcome of ongoing and future FCC rulemakings, and of any
litigation pertaining thereto, cannot yet be determined. Any regulatory changes
could adversely affect our operations. Must carry requirements could cause the
displacement of possibly more attractive programming.
We are subject to federal regulatory requirements other than those
discussed above, such as equal employment opportunity regulations and the
Federal Trade Commission and FCC telemarketing rules. In addition, although
Congress has granted the FCC exclusive jurisdiction over the provision of direct
to home satellite services, aspects of DBS service remain regulated at the state
and local level. A number of state and local governments have attempted to
impose consumer protection, customer service, and other types of regulation on
DBS providers that may affect the way in which we conduct our operations.
Risk Factors
We Have a History of Substantial Losses; We Expect Them to Continue;
Losses Could Adversely Affect Our Access to Capital Markets
We have not made a profit, except in 1995, when we had a $10.2 million
extraordinary gain. In 2002, 2001 and 2000, we incurred losses from continuing
operations of $161.3 million, $265.9 million, and $213.7 million, respectively.
We do not expect to have net income for the foreseeable future because of
interest expense on our debt and because of amortization associated with
intangible assets. Our interest and amortization expenses were $145.4 million
and $154.2 million, respectively, for 2002; $136.3 million and $245.4 million,
respectively, for 2001; and $122.1 million and $187.1 million, respectively, for
2000.
We Have a Substantial Amount of Indebtedness; Our Indebtedness Could
Adversely Affect Our Business, Operating Results and Financial
Condition
We have a significant amount of indebtedness. Our indebtedness could
have important consequences. For example, it could:
15
o increase our vulnerability to generally adverse economic and
industry conditions;
o require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash to
pay indebtedness, thereby reducing the availability of cash
for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, and
other activities;
o limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes
in our business and the industries in which we operate; and
o place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our
competitors.
We and Our Subsidiaries May Still Be Able to Incur Substantially More
Debt Which Could Exacerbate the Risks Described Above
We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional
indebtedness. If new debt is added to our current debt levels, the risks
described above that we now face could intensify. At December 31, 2002, the
revolving credit facility of PM&C would permit additional borrowings of up to
$108.5 million.
We May Not Be Able to Generate Enough Cash to Service Our Debt
Our ability to make payments on and/or to refinance our indebtedness
and to fund planned capital expenditures and other activities will depend on our
ability to generate cash in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to
general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, and other
factors, including the other risks described below, which are beyond our
control. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that our business will generate
sufficient cash flow to service our debt. Net cash was provided by operating
activities in 2002 of $29.8 million, and net cash was used for operating
activities in 2001 and 2000 of $136.1 million and $63.1 million, respectively.
At December 31, 2002, our total long term debt was $1.3 billion, of
which $5.8 million is due within 12 months. As of December 31, 2002, we believe
available cash on hand and availability under our credit facility will be
adequate to meet our liquidity needs for at least the next 12 months. See ITEM
7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations--Liquidity and Capital Resources.
We cannot assure you that:
o our business will generate sufficient cash flow from
operations; or
o future borrowings will be available to us in amounts
sufficient to pay our indebtedness, or to fund other liquidity
needs.
We May Lose Subscribers if Satellite and DBS Technology Fails or is
Impaired
If any of the DIRECTV satellites are damaged or stop working partially
or completely, DIRECTV, Inc. may not be able to continue to provide its
subscribers with programming services. We would in turn likely lose subscribers,
which could materially and adversely affect our operations, financial
performance, and our ability to pay our debt obligations or pay dividends on our
preferred stock.
16
DBS technology is highly complex and is still evolving. As with any
high technology product or system, it may not function as expected. For example,
the satellites at the 101(degree) W orbital location may not last for their
expected lives. In July 1998, DIRECTV, Inc. reported that the primary spacecraft
control processor failed on one of their satellites, DBS-1. As it was designed
to do, the satellite automatically switched to its on board spare processor with
no interruption of service to DIRECTV subscribers. A more substantial failure of
the DIRECTV system could occur in the future.
Events at DIRECTV, Inc. Could Adversely Affect Us
Our primary source of revenue is derived from our distribution of
DIRECTV programming. For the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000,
approximately 96%, 96%, and 94%, respectively, of our total revenue resulted
from our distribution of DIRECTV or activities substantially related to this
distribution.
Because we are an intermediary for DIRECTV, Inc., events we do not
control at DIRECTV, Inc. could adversely affect us. One of the most important of
these is DIRECTV, Inc.'s ability to provide programming that appeals to mass
audiences. DIRECTV, Inc. generally does not produce its own programming; it
purchases programming from third parties. DIRECTV, Inc.'s success - and
accordingly ours - depends in large part on its ability to select popular
programming sources and acquire access to this programming on favorable terms.
We have no control or influence over this. If DIRECTV, Inc. is unable to retain
access to its current programming, we cannot assure you that DIRECTV, Inc. would
be able to obtain substitute programming, or that such substitute programming
would be comparable in quality or cost to its existing programming. If DIRECTV,
Inc. is unable to continue to provide desirable programming, we would be placed
at a competitive disadvantage and may lose subscribers and revenues.
Programming Costs May Increase, Which Could Adversely Affect Our Direct
Broadcast Satellite Business
Program suppliers could increase the rates they charge DIRECTV, Inc.
for programming, increasing our costs. Increases in programming costs could
cause us to increase the rates we charge subscribers and, as a result, we could
lose subscribers.
FCC regulations require programming suppliers affiliated with cable
companies to provide programming to all multichannel distributors - including
DIRECTV, Inc. - on nondiscriminatory terms. Some of the rules implementing this
law are scheduled to expire on October 5, 2007. If these rules are not extended,
DIRECTV, Inc. could lose its access to programming, including prime time
programming. If a significant amount of programming becomes unavailable, we may
lose subscribers and our revenues and financial performance could be adversely
affected.
Our Ability to Provide DIRECTV Products May Be Limited by the Outcome
of Litigation with DIRECTV, Inc.
Our ability to offer DIRECTV may be affected by the outcome of
litigation between DIRECTV, Inc. and the NRTC and between DIRECTV, Inc. and us.
Based upon the outcome of this litigation, we may or may not be able to continue
offering DIRECTV products after the initial term of our agreement with the NRTC.
As a result, the outcome of this litigation could have a material adverse effect
on our DBS business. Furthermore, if we can continue to offer DIRECTV products
after the initial term of our agreement with the NRTC, we cannot predict what it
will cost us to do so. See ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings - DIRECTV Litigation.
17
The Effect of Federal Satellite Television Legislation on Our Business
Is Unclear
SHVIA addresses many of the issues between the broadcast television
networks and the DBS industry regarding retransmission of network programming to
DBS subscribers. Among other things, SHVIA also directs the FCC to adopt
regulations implementing various conditions and requirements applicable to the
retransmission of broadcast television signals by a satellite carrier. It is
possible that the FCC may adopt regulations in the future or take other actions
that may adversely affect our ability to provide network programming to our
subscribers.
We Could Lose Revenues Because of Signal Theft
If signal theft becomes widespread, our revenues would suffer. Signal
theft has long been a problem in the cable and DBS industries and, while
DIRECTV, Inc. uses encryption technology in an attempt to prevent people from
receiving programming without paying for it, the technology is not foolproof and
it may be compromised.
DBS Services Face Competition from Cable Operators
Cable television operators have a large, established subscriber base,
and many cable operators have significant investments in, and access to,
programming. One of the competitive advantages of DBS systems is their ability
to provide subscribers with more channels and a better quality digital signal
than traditional analog cable television systems. Many cable television
operators have made significant investments to upgrade their systems from analog
to digital, significantly increasing the number and variety of channels and the
quality of the transmission they can provide to their subscribers. As a result
of these upgrades, cable television operators have become better able to compete
with DBS providers. If competition from cable television operators should
increase in the future, we could experience a decrease in our number of
subscribers or increased difficulty in landing new subscriptions.
The Outcome of Proceedings to Implement Industry Regulations and to
Approve and Maintain FCC Licenses Could Adversely Affect Our Business
The DBS industry is subject to regulation by the FCC and, to a certain
extent, by international, state, and local authorities. The Communications Act
established the FCC and gave the agency the broad authority to regulate the use
of the radio spectrum. Under the Communications Act, the FCC has general
authority to promulgate rules and regulations in order to ensure that the
spectrum is used in an efficient manner, consistent with the public interest,
convenience, and necessity. In addition, in response to technological, economic,
social, and political changes in the past seventy years, Congress has continued
to shape the FCC's role in spectrum management by amending the Communications
Act through numerous subsequent statutes. In addition, FCC proceedings to
implement the Communications Act are ongoing, and we cannot predict the outcomes
of these proceedings or their effect on our business. DIRECTV, Inc. depends on
FCC licenses to operate its digital broadcast satellite service. If the FCC
cancels, revokes, suspends, or fails to renew any of these licenses, it could
have a harmful effect on us.
We Face Significant Competition; the Competitive Landscape Changes
Constantly
Our DBS business faces competition from other multichannel video
service providers, including other DBS operators, cable operators, and wireless
cable operators, which may be able to offer more competitive programming
packages or pricing than we provide. We believe competition may increase as
cable operators continue to upgrade their systems to offer digital signals and
high speed internet access to subscribers. For more information related to
competition from cable operators, see - Risk Factors - DBS Services Face
Competition from Cable Operators above. In addition, the DBS industry and the
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multichannel programming distribution industry are in a constant state of
technological, economic, and regulatory change and we are unable to predict what
forms of competition will develop in the future, the extent of such competition,
or its possible effects on our businesses. Competition may also be affected by
consolidation among communications providers.
We May Incur Significant Costs in Pursuing New Business Initiatives
Which May Not Be Successful
The telecommunications industry is characterized by rapid technological
change. In our industry, we face evolving industry and regulatory standards,
changing market conditions and frequent new product and service introductions
and enhancements. The introduction of products using new technologies or the
adoption of new regulatory standards can make existing products or products
under development obsolete or unmarketable. In order to grow and remain
competitive, we will need to adapt to these rapidly changing technologies,
enhance our existing products, and introduce new products to address our
customers' changing demands. New product development often requires long term
forecasting of market trends, development and implementation of new technologies
and processes, and a substantial capital commitment.
A number of factors could prevent or inhibit us from providing these
products, including technological issues, our ability to obtain favorable FCC
approval, our ability to meet milestones established by regulating agencies with
respect to certain of our licenses, and our ability to obtain the financing
necessary to complete the development of these products. In addition, these new
products must meet the requirements of our current and prospective customers and
must achieve significant market acceptability. If we fail to anticipate or
respond on a cost effective and timely basis to technological developments,
changes in industry and regulatory standards, or customer requirements, or if we
have any significant delays in product development or introduction, our
business, operating results, and financial condition could be affected in a
material adverse way.
United States Participation in a War or Military or Other Actions Could
Adversely Affect Our Business
Involvement in a war or other military action may cause significant
disruption to commerce throughout the world. To the extent that such disruptions
result in 1) delays or cancellations of customer orders, 2) a general decrease
in consumer spending on satellite broadcast and information technology, 3) our
inability to effectively market and distribute our products, or 4) our inability
to access capital markets, our business and results of operations could be
materially and adversely affected. We are unable to predict whether the
involvement in a war or other military action will result in any long term
commercial disruptions or if such involvement or responses will have any long
term material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, or
financial condition.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
One of our subsidiaries owns the building in which our corporate
headquarters are located in Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania.
We lease space in Marlborough, Massachusetts, Louisville, Kentucky, and
Lenexa, Kansas for call centers or other functions related to our DBS
operations. These leases expire on various dates through 2007. In connection
with our broadcast television operations, we own or lease various transmitting
equipment and towers, television stations, and office space.
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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
DIRECTV Litigation:
National Rural Telecommunications Cooperative
Our subsidiaries Pegasus Satellite Television, Inc. ("PST") and Golden
Sky Systems, Inc. ("GSS") are affiliates of the NRTC that participate through
agreements in the NRTC's direct broadcast satellite program.
On June 3, 1999, the NRTC filed a lawsuit in United States District
Court, Central District of California against DIRECTV, Inc. seeking a court
order to enforce the NRTC's contractual rights to obtain from DIRECTV, Inc.
certain premium programming formerly distributed by United States Satellite
Broadcasting Company, Inc. for exclusive distribution by the NRTC's members and
affiliates in their rural markets. On July 22, 1999, DIRECTV, Inc. filed a
counterclaim seeking judicial clarification of certain provisions of DIRECTV,
Inc.'s contract with the NRTC. On August 26, 1999, the NRTC filed a separate
lawsuit in United States District Court, Central District of California against
DIRECTV, Inc. claiming that DIRECTV, Inc. had failed to provide to the NRTC its
share of launch fees and other benefits that DIRECTV, Inc. and its affiliates
have received relating to programming and other services. The NRTC and DIRECTV,
Inc. have also filed indemnity claims against one another that pertain to the
alleged obligation, if any, of the NRTC to indemnify DIRECTV, Inc. for costs
incurred in various lawsuits described herein. These claims have been severed
from the other claims in the case and will be tried separately.
DIRECTV, Inc. is seeking as part of its counterclaim a declaratory
judgment that the term of the NRTC's agreement with DIRECTV, Inc. is measured
only by the life of DBS-1, the first DIRECTV satellite launched, and not the
orbital lives of the other DIRECTV satellites at the 101(degree) W orbital
location. If DIRECTV, Inc. were to prevail on its counterclaim, any failure of
DBS-1 could have a material adverse effect on our DIRECTV rights. While the NRTC
has a right of first refusal to receive certain services after the term of
NRTC's agreement with DIRECTV, Inc., the scope and terms of this right of first
refusal are also being disputed as part of DIRECTV, Inc.'s counterclaim. On
December 29, 1999, DIRECTV, Inc. filed a motion for partial summary judgment
seeking an order that the right of first refusal does not include programming
services and is limited to 20 program channels of transponder capacity. On
January 31, 2001, the court issued an order denying DIRECTV Inc.'s motion for
partial summary judgment relating to the right of first refusal.
On July 3, 2002, the court granted a motion for summary judgment filed
by DIRECTV, Inc., holding that the NRTC is liable to indemnify DIRECTV, Inc. for
the costs of defense and liabilities that DIRECTV, Inc. incurs in a patent case
filed by PDC and Personalized Media Communications, L.L.C. ("Personalized
Media") in December 2000 in the United States District Court, District of
Delaware against DIRECTV, Inc., Hughes Electronics Corporation ("Hughes"),
Thomson Consumer Electronics ("Thomson"), and Philips Electronics North America
Corporation ("Philips"). See below for further information on this litigation.
In February 2003, the United States District Court, District of Delaware granted
PDC's and Personalized Media's motion for leave to amend the complaint to
exclude relief for the delivery nationwide, using specified satellite capacity,
of services carried for the NRTC, plus any other services delivered through the
NRTC to subscribers in the NRTC's territories. It is anticipated that a motion
will be filed with the United States District Court, Central District of
California to reconsider its July 3, 2002 decision that the NRTC indemnify
DIRECTV, Inc. for DIRECTV, Inc.'s costs of defense and liabilities from the
patent litigation.
20
Pegasus Satellite Television and Golden Sky Systems
On January 10, 2000, PST and GSS filed a class action lawsuit in
federal court in Los Angeles against DIRECTV, Inc. as representatives of a
proposed class that would include all members and affiliates of the NRTC that
are distributors of DIRECTV. The complaint contained causes of action for
various torts, common counts, and declaratory relief based on DIRECTV, Inc.'s
failure to provide the NRTC with certain premium programming, and on DIRECTV,
Inc.'s position with respect to launch fees and other benefits, term, and right
of first refusal. The complaint sought monetary damages and a court order
regarding the rights of the NRTC and its members and affiliates. On February 10,
2000, PST and GSS filed an amended complaint, and withdrew the class action
allegations to allow a new class action to be filed on behalf of the members and
affiliates of the NRTC. The amended complaint also added claims regarding
DIRECTV Inc.'s failure to allow distribution through the NRTC of various
advanced services, including Tivo. The new class action was filed on February
29, 2000. The court certified the plaintiff's class on December 28, 2000. On
March 9, 2001, DIRECTV, Inc. filed a counterclaim against PST and GSS, as well
as the class members, seeking two claims for relief: 1) a declaratory judgment
whether DIRECTV, Inc. is under a contractual obligation to provide PST and GSS
with services after the expiration of the term of their agreements with the NRTC
and 2) an order that DBS-1 is the satellite (and the only satellite) that
measures the term of PST's and GSS' agreements with the NRTC. On October 29,
2001, the Court denied DIRECTV's motion for partial summary judgment on its term
counterclaim.
On June 22, 2001, DIRECTV, Inc. brought suit against PST and GSS in Los
Angeles County Superior Court for breach of contract and common counts. The
lawsuit pertains to the seamless marketing agreement dated August 9, 2000, as
amended, between DIRECTV, Inc. and PST and GSS. On July 13, 2001, PST and GSS
terminated the seamless marketing agreement. The seamless marketing agreement
provided seamless marketing and sales for DIRECTV retailers and distributors. On
July 16, 2001, PST and GSS filed a cross complaint against DIRECTV, Inc.
alleging, among other things, that 1) DIRECTV, Inc. breached the seamless
marketing agreement and 2) DIRECTV, Inc. engaged in unlawful and/or unfair
business practices, as defined in Section 17200, et seq. of the California
Business and Professions Code. This suit has since been removed to the United
States District Court, Central District of California. On September 16, 2002,
PST and GSS filed first amended counterclaims against DIRECTV, Inc. Among other
things, the first amended counterclaims added claims for 1) rescission of the
seamless marketing agreement on the ground of fraudulent inducement, 2) specific
performance of audit rights, and 3) punitive damages on the breach of the
implied covenant of good faith claim. In addition, the first amended
counterclaims deleted the business and professions code claim and the claims for
tortious interference that were alleged in the initial cross complaint. On
November 5, 2002 the court granted DIRECTV, Inc.'s motion to dismiss 1) the
specific performance claim and 2) the punitive damages allegations on the breach
of the implied covenant of good faith claim. The court denied DIRECTV, Inc.'s
motion to dismiss the implied covenant of good faith claim in its entirety.
DIRECTV, Inc. filed four summary judgment motions on September 11, 2002
against the NRTC, the class members, and PST and GSS on a variety of issues in
the case. The motions cover a broad range of claims in the case, including 1)
the term of the agreement between the NRTC and DIRECTV, Inc., 2) the right of
first refusal as it relates to PST and GSS, 3) the right to distribute the
premiums, and 4) damages relating to the premiums, launch fees, and advanced
services claims. The court removed a hearing date of December 16, 2002 and no
new date has been set for hearing or resolution of pending motions.
Pursuant to the court's order of December 17, 2002, the parties
stipulated on December 20, 2002 to participate in mediation proceedings presided
over by a mutually agreeable mediator. The mediation is ongoing.
21
Both of the NRTC's lawsuits against DIRECTV, Inc. have been
consolidated for discovery and pretrial purposes. All five lawsuits discussed
above, including both lawsuits brought by the NRTC, the class action, and PST's
and GSS' lawsuit (but excluding the indemnity lawsuits), are pending before the
same judge. The court has set a trial date of June 3, 2003, although it is not
clear whether all the lawsuits will be tried together.
Patent Infringement Litigation:
On December 4, 2000, PDC and Personalized Media filed a patent
infringement lawsuit in the United States District Court, District of Delaware
against DIRECTV, Inc., Hughes, Thomson, and Philips. Personalized Media is a
company with which PDC has a licensing arrangement. PDC and Personalized Media
are seeking injunctive relief and monetary damages for the defendants' alleged
patent infringement and unauthorized manufacture, use, sale, offer to sell, and
importation of products, services, and systems that fall within the scope of
Personalized Media's portfolio of patented media and communications
technologies, of which PDC is an exclusive licensee within a field of use. The
technologies covered by PDC's exclusive license include services distributed to
consumers using certain Ku band BSS frequencies and Ka band frequencies,
including frequencies licensed to affiliates of Hughes and used by DIRECTV, Inc.
to provide services to its subscribers. We are unable to predict the possible
effects of this litigation on our relationship with DIRECTV, Inc.
DIRECTV, Inc. also filed a counterclaim against PDC alleging unfair
competition under the federal Lanham Act. In a separate counterclaim, DIRECTV,
Inc. alleged that both PDC's and Personalized Media's patent infringement
lawsuit constitutes "abuse of process." Those counterclaims have since been
dismissed by the court or voluntarily by DIRECTV, Inc. Separately, Thomson has
filed counterclaims against PDC, Personalized Media, Gemstar-TV Guide, Inc. (and
two Gemstar-TV Guide affiliated companies, TVG-PMC, Inc. and Starsight Telecast,
Inc.), alleging violations of the federal Sherman Act and California unfair
competition law as a result of alleged licensing practices.
The Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation subsequently transferred
Thomson's antitrust/unfair competition counterclaims to an ongoing Multidistrict
Litigation in the United States District Court for the Northern District of
Georgia. The Panel found that these counterclaims presented common questions of
fact with actions previously consolidated for pretrial proceedings in the
Northern District of Georgia and that including Thomson's claims in the
coordinated pretrial proceedings would promote the just and efficient conduct of
the litigation.
Pretrial proceedings continue in the Delaware litigation, and discovery
is ongoing. Recently, the court decided several important motions in favor of
PDC and Personalized Media. The court granted PDC and Personalized Media's
motion for leave to amend the complaint to limit the relief sought and it also
granted their motion to bifurcate the trial into two proceedings to address the
patent and antitrust issues separately. The court denied a motion originally
brought by DIRECTV, Inc. and Hughes, which was later joined by Thomson and
Philips, for partial summary judgment under the doctrine of prosecution laches.
Other Legal Matters:
In addition to the matters discussed above, from time to time we are
involved with claims that arise in the normal course of our business. We believe
that the ultimate liability, if any, with respect to these claims will not have
a material effect on our consolidated operations, cash flows, or financial
position.
22
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of our stockholders during the
fourth quarter of 2002.
23
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS
Price Range of Class A Common Stock
Our Class A common stock is listed on the Nasdaq National Market under
the symbol "PGTV." The sale prices of the Class A common stock of PCC reflect
interdealer quotations, do not include retail markups, markdowns, or commission,
and do not necessarily represent actual transactions. The stock prices listed
below represent the high and low sale prices of the Class A common stock of PCC,
as reported on the Nasdaq National Market, and have been adjusted to reflect the
one for ten reverse stock split that occurred on December 31, 2002.
Price Range of
Class A Common Stock
------------------------
High Low
---- ---
Year Ended December 31, 2001:
First Quarter......................... $327.500 $197.500
Second Quarter........................ 277.500 158.600
Third Quarter......................... 274.500 158.600
Fourth Quarter........................ 192.800 46.900
Year Ended December 31, 2002:
First Quarter......................... $109.000 $30.000
Second Quarter........................ 31.400 6.000
Third Quarter ........................ 14.000 6.700
Fourth Quarter........................ 16.400 10.100
The closing sale price of the Class A common stock of PCC was $13.100
on December 31, 2002. As of March 10, 2003, PCC had approximately 497
stockholders of record.
Dividend Policy
Common Stock. PCC has not paid any cash dividends on its common stock
within the two most recent fiscal years. Payments of cash dividends on the
common stock cannot be made until all accrued dividends on PCC's Series C
convertible preferred stock have been paid. PCC's ability to obtain cash from
its subsidiaries with which to pay cash dividends is also limited by the
subsidiaries' publicly held debt securities and bank agreements. PCC does not
anticipate paying cash dividends on its common stock in the foreseeable future.
The policy of PCC is to retain cash for operations and expansion.
Preferred Stock. PCC has three series of preferred stock outstanding:
6-1/2% Series C convertible, Series D junior convertible participating, and
Series E junior convertible participating. PCC is permitted to pay dividends on
Series C, Series D, and Series E by issuing shares of its Class A common stock
instead of paying cash. PSC has 12-3/4% cumulative exchangeable preferred stock
outstanding in which the semiannual dividends became payable in cash after
January 1, 2002.
24
At the discretion of our board of directors as permitted by the
certificate of designation for the 6-1/2% Series C convertible preferred stock,
our board of directors has not declared or paid any of the scheduled quarterly
dividends for this series on and after April 30, 2002. Dividends not declared
accumulate in arrears until later declared and paid. The total amount of
dividends in arrears on Series C at December 31, 2002 was $8.8 million. An
additional $2.9 million of dividends payable on January 31, 2003 were not
declared or paid and became in arrears on that date. In the event dividends
payable on the Series C preferred stock are in arrears for six quarterly
periods, the Series C holders will have the right to elect two directors to
PCC's board of directors. Unless full cumulative dividends in arrears have been
paid or set aside for payment, PCC, but not its subsidiaries, may not, with
certain exceptions, with respect to capital stock junior to or on a parity with
Series C 1) declare, pay, or set aside amounts for payment of future cash
dividends or distributions or 2) purchase, redeem, or otherwise acquire for
value any shares.
While dividends are in arrears on preferred stock senior to Series D
junior convertible participating preferred stock and Series E junior convertible
participating preferred stock, our board of directors may not declare or pay
dividends or redeem shares for these series. Series C preferred stock is senior
to these series. Because dividends on the Series C preferred stock are in
arrears, dividends payable on January 1, 2003 for these series of $500 thousand
and $400 thousand, respectively, were not declared or paid and became in arrears
on that date.
At the discretion of our board of directors as permitted by the
certificate of designation for PSC's 12-3/4% cumulative exchangeable preferred
stock, our board of directors has not declared any dividend for this series
after January 1, 2002. Dividends in arrears to unaffiliated parties at December
31, 2002 were $5.9 million, with accrued interest thereon of $438 thousand. An
additional $5.9 million of dividends payable on January 1, 2003 to unaffiliated
parties were not declared or paid and became in arrears on that date. Dividends
not declared or paid accumulate in arrears and incur interest at a rate of
14.75% per year until later declared and paid. Unless full cumulative dividends
in arrears on the 12-3/4% series have been paid or set aside for payment, PSC
may not, with certain exceptions, with respect to capital stock junior to the
series 1) declare, pay, or set aside amounts for payment of future cash
dividends or distributions or 2) purchase, redeem, or otherwise acquire for
value any shares.
Calculation of Aggregate Market Value of Nonaffiliate Shares
For the purposes of calculating the aggregate market value of the
shares of Class A common stock held by nonaffiliates as shown on the cover page
of this Report, it has been assumed that all the outstanding shares were held by
nonaffiliates except for the shares held by directors, including Marshall W.
Pagon, Pegasus' Chief Executive Officer and Chairman. However, this should not
be deemed to constitute an admission that all directors of PCC are, in fact,
affiliates of PCC, or that there are not other persons who may be deemed to be
affiliates of PCC.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
On December 9, 2002, PSC issued 8,814 shares of its 12-3/4% cumulative
exchangeable preferred stock, which previously had been repurchased, to an
institutional investor who is a beneficial owner of more than 5% of PCC's Class
A common stock in exchange for 149,734 shares of PCC's Class A common stock. The
PSC preferred shares issued included cumulative dividends in arrears to the date
of the exchange and interest thereon aggregating $1.1 million. The fair market
value attributed to the common stock obtained in the exchange was $1.9 million.
The shares of preferred stock were issued without registration in reliance on
Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933. All other sales for the period
covered by this Report, to the extent there have been any sales, have been
previously reported by PCC in its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the
quarters ended March 31, 2002, June 30, 2002, and September 30, 2002.
25
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
In thousands, except per share
data 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net revenues:
DBS .......................... $ 147,142 $ 286,353 $ 582,075 $ 838,208 $ 864,855
Broadcast and other
operations ................. 34,311 36,415 35,433 33,709 36,918
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total net revenues .............. $ 181,453 $ 322,768 $ 617,508 $ 871,917 $ 901,773
=========== =========== =========== =========== ===========
Operating expenses:
DBS .......................... $ 203,263 $ 395,767 $ 762,597 $ 1,003,374 $ 826,005
Broadcast and other
operations ................. 28,606 34,260 37,138 38,312 36,571
Loss from operations ............ (58,880) (119,997) (208,962) (224,410) (50,271)
Loss from continuing operations . (64,802) (184,242) (213,660) (265,863) (161,277)
Loss from continuing operations
per common share (1) ......... (28.15) (53.23) (51.11) (56.16) (32.24)
Total assets .................... 890,634 881,838 2,605,386 2,375,831 2,110,788
Total long term debt (including
current portion) ............. 559,029 684,414 1,182,858 1,338,651 1,289,082
Redeemable preferred stocks ..... 126,028 142,734 491,843 472,048 305,737
Cash provided by (used for)
operating activities ......... (21,962) (84,291) (63,056) (136,071) 29,775
Cash used by investing activities (97,001) (138,569) (158,421) (60,746) (30,414)
Cash provided by (used for)
financing activities ......... 129,419 208,808 395,385 127,129 (84,220)
Other Data:
DBS EBITDA ...................... (983) (32,579) 4,900 92,007 211,939
(1) Including accrued and deemed preferred stock dividends and accretion of
$14.8 million, $16.7 million, $41.1 million, $49.8 million, and $31.5
million for 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002, respectively. Basic and
diluted loss from continuing operations per common share for each year
were the same as any additional potential common shares were
antidilutive and excluded from the computation.
No cash dividends were declared on common stock in any year presented
in the table.
Comparability between years 1998 through 2001 has been affected due to
acquisitions we made in 1998 through 2000. Our acquisitions of Digital
Television Services in April 1998 and Golden Sky Holdings in May 2000 were
individually significant transactions that materially affected amounts in the
year of and subsequent to each acquisition. The total consideration for Digital
Television Services and Golden Sky Holdings was $336.5 million and $1.2 billion,
respectively. In addition to these acquisitions, we completed 26 acquisitions in
1998, 15 in 1999, and 19 in 2000. Total consideration for these other
acquisitions was $132.1 million, $79.5 million, and $232.6 million,
respectively.
The calculation of DBS EBITDA and a reconciliation of DBS EBITDA to our
most comparable GAAP measure of loss from operations follows (in thousands):
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
-------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
DBS revenues $ 147,142 $ 286,353 $ 582,075 $ 838,208 864,855
DBS operating expenses (excluding
depreciation and amortization) (148,125) (318,932) (577,175) (746,201) (657,416)
Add back accrual for one time contract
termination fee - - - - 4,500
-------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
DBS EBITDA (983) (32,579) 4,900 92,007 211,939
DBS depreciation and amortization (55,138) (76,835) (185,422) (257,543) (168,589)
Deduct accrual for one time contract
termination fee added back above - - - - (4,500)
Other revenues 34,311 36,415 35,433 33,709 36,918
Other operating expenses, net (37,070) (46,998) (63,873) (92,583) (126,039)
-------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Loss from operations $ (58,880) $(119,997) $(208,962) $(224,410) $ (50,271)
======== ========= ========= ========= =========
We present DBS EBITDA because the DBS business is our only significant
business and this business forms the principal portion of our results of
operations and cash flows. DBS EBITDA is not, and should not be considered, an
alternative to income from operations, net income, net cash provided by
operating activities, or any other measure for determining our operating
performance or liquidity, as determined under generally accepted accounting
principles. DBS EBITDA also does not necessarily indicate whether our cash flow
will be sufficient to fund working capital or capital expenditures, or to react
to changes in our industry or the economy generally. We believe that DBS EBITDA
is important because people who follow our industry frequently use it as a
measure of financial performance and ability to pay debt service, and that we,
our lenders, and investors use to monitor our financial performance and debt
leverage. Although EBITDA is a common measure used by other companies, our
calculation of EBITDA may not be comparable with that of others.
26
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations
should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and
related notes included herein beginning on page F-1.
General
Our principal business is the DBS business. This business provides
multichannel DBS services as an independent provider of DIRECTV services in
exclusive territories primarily within rural areas of 41 states. For 2002, 2001,
and 2000, revenues for this business were 96%, 96%, and 94%, respectively, of
total consolidated revenues, and operating expenses for this business were 87%,
92%, and 92%, respectively, of total consolidated operating expenses. Total
assets of the DBS business were 82% and 94% of total consolidated assets at
December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Because we are a distributor of
DIRECTV, we may be adversely affected by any material adverse changes in the
assets, financial condition, programming, technological capabilities, or
services of DIRECTV, Inc.
We are in litigation against DIRECTV, Inc. An outcome in this
litigation that is unfavorable to us could have a material adverse effect on our
DBS business. See ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings--DIRECTV Litigation for information
regarding this litigation.
The following sections focus on our DBS business, as this is our only
significant business segment. We believe this will assist with understanding our
financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
Use of Estimates and Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States of America requires that we
make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities. Actual results could differ from
those estimates. Significant estimates relate to recoverability and useful lives
of our DBS rights assets, NRTC patronage, allowance for doubtful accounts, and
valuation allowances for deferred income tax assets.
Recoverability and Useful Lives of DBS Rights Assets. We make
significant estimates relating to the useful lives, fair values, and
recoverability of our DBS rights assets. Our DBS rights are our most significant
intangible assets with a net carrying amount of $1.5 billion at December 31,
2002. In assessing the recoverability of our DBS rights assets, we must make
assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows. Typically, the cash flows are
based on our estimates and judgments of expected future results. For example,
the value of our DBS rights is in large part based on the future revenue stream
that is generated by our subscriber base. A significant difference in the actual
number of subscribers and/or revenues generated by subscribers from the amounts
we estimate could significantly affect our estimate of the fair value of the DBS
rights.
27
Adjustments to the useful lives of our DBS rights assets could be
significant to the results of our operations. For example, at January 1, 2002 we
extended the useful lives for the unamortized portion of all of our DBS rights
at that date to end simultaneously in 2016 (see the discussion on depreciation
and amortization in Results of Operations - Comparison of 2002 to 2001 - DBS -
Other Operating Expenses for further information). Prior to 2002, each DBS
rights asset generally had an estimated useful life of 10 years from the date
that it was obtained. As a result, amortization expense for DBS rights was
$110.5 million in 2002 compared to $236.7 million in 2001. The lives of our DBS
rights are subject to litigation, and could change based on the outcome of the
litigation. See ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings--DIRECTV Litigation for information
regarding this litigation.
NRTC Patronage Distributions. Throughout each year, the NRTC bills its
members and affiliates the costs incurred by it under its agreement with
DIRECTV, Inc., certain other costs incurred by the NRTC relating to associated
DBS projects, and margin on the costs of providing DBS services pursuant to the
NRTC member agreement for marketing and distribution of DBS services. The most
notable service that the NRTC provides to us is programming related to the
DIRECTV programming that we provide. We record as expenses the amounts we pay to
the NRTC. Members and affiliates that participate in the NRTC's projects may be
eligible to receive an allocation of the NRTC's net savings (generally, amounts
collected from NRTC members and affiliates in excess of the NRTC's costs) in the
form of a patronage distribution through the NRTC's patronage capital
distribution program. Generally, each patron who does business with the NRTC
receives an annual distribution composed of both patronage capital certificates
and cash. The patronage capital certificates represent equity interests in the
NRTC. The amount of the distribution is generally based on the ratio of business
a patron conducts with the NRTC during a given fiscal year of the NRTC times the
NRTC's net savings available for patronage distribution for that year.
Throughout each year, we accrue amounts we estimate to receive from the NRTC,
with an offsetting reduction to the expenses that were recorded by us for costs
incurred with the NRTC during the year. The estimated cash portion of the
distribution is recorded in accounts receivable-other and the estimated capital
portion is recorded as an investment in the NRTC in other noncurrent assets.
Distributions are received in the year subsequent to the year that the accruals
are made. Amounts previously accrued are adjusted in the year that distributions
are received with a like adjustment to the related expenses in and for the year
the distributions are received. Based on past experience, we estimate that a
majority of the patronage capital distribution for 2002 to be made in 2003 will
be tendered by the NRTC in the form of patronage capital certificates. At
December 31, 2002 and 2001, we had accrued in accounts receivable-other $7.2
million and $9.3 million, respectively, and our capital investment in the NRTC
was $66.2 million and $50.3 million, respectively. The reduction to programming
expense, as adjusted for differences between distributions received and amounts
previously accrued, was $22.7 million and $44.8 million in 2002 and 2001,
respectively. We have no commitment to fund the NRTC's operations or acquire
additional equity interests in the NRTC. The factors that the NRTC uses in
determining its patronage are not in our control, and our estimate of our share
of the NRTC patronage can vary from the actual patronage that we receive.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. Our estimate of the allowance for
doubtful accounts is based on an assessment of account collection experience and
trends relative to the aging of the billings and/or specific identification of
accounts contained in the latest trade receivables balance. The trade receivable
balance is segregated into discrete categories based on the amount of time the
billings are past due. An uncollectible rate is applied to each aging category
based on our historical collection experience for that category in estimating
the amount uncollectible within that category, or specific accounts are
identified for further evaluation. The allowance is periodically reviewed for
sufficiency relative to an evaluation of the aging of the billings or specific
account identification, and the allowance is adjusted accordingly, with an
offsetting adjustment to bad debt expense. Should the quality of our subscriber
base deteriorate or our accounts receivable collection efforts diminish, our
actual bad debt expense may increase. The balance in the allowance for doubtful
accounts was $7.2 million and $6.0 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001,
respectively, and bad debt expense was $23.8 million, $36.5 million, and $14.5
million for 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.
28
Valuation Allowance for Net Deferred Income Tax Assets. We record a
valuation allowance against the net deferred income tax assets balance when it
is more likely than not that the benefits of the net tax assets balance will not
be realized, and record a charge to income tax expense in a like amount.
Historically, we have applied a full valuation allowance against the net
deferred income tax assets balance that exist because our past operating results
have not provided us with sufficient evidence that we will realize the benefits
of the net tax assets. Our ability to record lesser amounts or no amount for a
valuation allowance for net deferred income tax assets will depend upon our
ability to generate taxable income in the future. The balance in the valuation
allowance for net deferred income tax assets was $42.5 million at December 31,
2002. We had no net deferred income tax asset balance at December 31, 2001.
In addition to the above estimates and accounting policies, we believe
the following concerning our SAC and revenues are critical accounting policies
in understanding our results of operations.
Subscriber Acquisition Costs. SAC is incurred when we enroll new
subscribers to our DIRECTV programming. These costs consist of the portion of
programming costs associated with promotional programming provided to
subscribers, equipment related subsidies paid to distributors and applicable
costs incurred by us, installation costs and related subsidies paid to dealers,
dealer commissions, advertising and marketing costs, and selling costs.
Promotional programming costs, which are included in promotions and incentives
expense on the statement of operations and comprehensive loss, are charged to
expense when incurred. Equipment and installation subsidies that are expensed,
as described below, are charged to expense when the equipment is delivered and
the installation occurs, respectively, and included in promotions and incentives
on the statement of operations and comprehensive loss. Dealer commissions,
advertising and marketing costs, and selling costs that are expensed, as
described below, are charged to expense when incurred and included in
advertising and selling on the statement of operations and comprehensive loss.
Certain SAC is capitalized or deferred. Under certain of our
subscription plans for DIRECTV programming, we take title to equipment provided
to subscribers. Applicable costs and subsidies related to this equipment are
capitalized as fixed assets and depreciated over their estimated useful lives of
three years and charged to depreciation expense. We also have subscription plans
for our DIRECTV programming that contain minimum service commitment periods.
These plans have early termination fees for subscribers should service be
terminated by subscribers before the end of the commitment period. Direct and
incremental SAC, consisting of equipment costs and related subsidies not
capitalized as fixed assets, installation costs and related subsidies, and
dealer commissions, associated with these plans is deferred in the aggregate not
to exceed the amounts of applicable termination fees. These costs are amortized
over the minimum service commitment period of 12 months and charged to
amortization expense. Direct and incremental SAC deferred is less than the
contractual revenue from the plans over the commitment period. Direct and
incremental SAC in excess of termination fee amounts is expensed immediately and
charged to promotion and incentives or advertising and selling, as applicable,
in the statement of operations and comprehensive loss.
29
Amounts associated with SAC are contained in the following table (in
thousands):
SAC: 2002 2001 2000
------------ ------------ -------------
Expensed $ 44,469 $145,070 $170,001
Deferred 31,086 19,421 -
Capitalized 27,021 20,830 12,209
------------ ------------ -------------
Total SAC incurred $102,576 $185,321 $182,210
============ ============ =============
Amortization of amounts deferred $30,574 $4,227 $ -
Depreciation of amounts capitalized 16,270 5,380 3,896
Revenue. Principal revenue of the DBS business is earned by providing
our DIRECTV programming on a subscription or pay per view basis. Standard
subscriptions are recognized as revenue monthly at the amount earned and billed,
based on the level of programming content subscribed to during the month.
Promotional programming provided to subscribers at discounted prices is
recognized as revenue monthly at the promotional amount earned and billed. No
revenue is recognized for promotional programming that is provided free of
charge. Revenue for pay per view is recognized at the amount billed in the month
in which the programming is viewed and earned. Fees that the we charge new
subscribers for set up upon initiation of service are deferred as unearned
revenue and are recognized as revenue over the expected life of our subscribers
of five years. Equipment used by subscribers for our DIRECTV programming is an
integral component of this service. Accordingly, amounts that we charge for
equipment sold and installations arranged by us are deferred as unearned revenue
and are recognized as revenue over the expected life of our subscribers of five
years. The amount of revenue recognized periodically for equipment and
installations would be affected by a change in the expected life of our
subscribers, which is the estimated average amount of time we retain a
subscriber. No revenue is recognized for equipment and installations provided
free of charge.
Results of Operations
We have a history of losses principally due to the substantial amounts
incurred for interest expense and noncash depreciation and amortization. Net
losses were $153.6 million, $278.4 million, and $159.0 million for 2002, 2001,
and 2000, respectively.
We made substantial improvements in our operating results and cash
flows from operating activities in 2002. Our loss from operations was $50.3
million in 2002 compared to $224.4 million in 2001 and $209.0 million in 2000,
and net cash of $29.8 million was provided by operating activities in 2002
compared to net cash used for operating activities in 2001 of $136.1 million and
$63.1 million in 2000. A large portion of the improvement in our results of
operations and cash flows in 2002 resulted from our new business strategy (see
ITEM 1. Business--DBS Strategy) being fully effective throughout the year and
broad based cost reduction measures undertaken in 2002. Additionally, our
results of operations were favorably impacted by a net reduction in amortization
expense due to a change in the useful lives of our DBS rights assets, which is
discussed below.
Comparison of 2002 to 2001
In this section, amounts and changes specified are for the year ended
December 31, 2002 compared to the year ended December 31, 2001, unless otherwise
indicated. With respect to our income or loss from operations, we focus on our
DBS business, as this is our only significant business.
30
DBS
- ---
In fiscal 2001 we shifted our business strategy from an emphasis on
subscriber growth to a focus on: 1) increasing the quality of new subscribers
and the composition of our existing subscriber base, 2) enhancing the returns on
investment in our subscribers, 3) generating free cash flow, and 4) preserving
liquidity. To attain these goals, we have significantly changed our subscriber
acquisition, development, and retention plans and have implemented broad based
cost reduction measures. The primary focus of our "Quality First" strategy is on
improving the quality and creditworthiness of our subscriber base.
The broad based cost reduction measures we undertook in 2002 to aid in
preserving liquidity and improving operating performance included 1) work force
reductions, 2) reductions in discretionary expenditures, such as advertising and
selling expenses, 3) reduced amounts expended for communication services
resulting from a renegotiation of a contract for such services, 4) reduction in
bad debt expense that resulted from a better quality subscriber base and
improved account collection efforts, and 5) reduction in customer care costs
related to dispatch management and improved customer care efficiency metrics.
Our number of subscribers at December 31, 2002 was 1,308,000. We
experienced a net reduction in the number of subscribers since December 31, 2001
as the number of subscribers that churned exceeded the number of subscribers
that we added by approximately 73,000. This net decrease excludes a reduction
that we made in the first quarter 2002 to our reported subscriber count of
138,000 due to a change in the method we use to report subscribers. We believe
that the reasons for the net 73,000 decrease were: 1) our increased focus on
enrolling more creditworthy subscribers; 2) our unwillingness to aggressively
invest retention amounts in low margin subscribers; 3) competition from digital
cable providers and a competing direct broadcast satellite provider in the
territories we serve, including the provision of local channels by this
competing direct broadcast satellite provider in several markets where DIRECTV,
Inc. does not offer local channels; 4) subscriber reaction to our price
increases instituted in 2002; 5) the effect of general economic conditions on
our subscribers and potential subscribers; 6) deceptive sales practices by
agents of a competing direct broadcast satellite provider; 7) the departure of
subscribers resulting from the impact of the DIRECTV system access card
replacement campaign on subscribers that had been pirating a portion of their
services and from the general disruption of service effect resulting from the
campaign; and 8) a reduction in the number of new subscribers we obtain from
DIRECTV, Inc.'s national retail chains. Gross subscriber additions were 216,701
and 403,306 in 2002 and 2001, respectively.
We will continue to face intense competition from other providers for
the foreseeable future, most notably as a result of the local into local
programming provided by the competing direct broadcast satellite provider in
certain markets where DIRECTV, Inc. does not offer such programming. We will
continue to be fiscally prudent regarding investment efforts to retain low
margin subscribers.
Our business strategy may result in decreases in DBS net revenues in
the near term when compared to prior periods, but we believe that we will
realize increased operating margins from the improving composition of our
subscriber base sufficient to improve future results of operations and cash
flows from operating activities. However, we cannot make any assurances that
this will be the case, or that we will be able to sustain the improvements in
our operating results and cash flows from operating activities derived thus far
by our strategy. The continued improvement in the results of operations and cash
flows provided by operating activities will in large part depend upon our
obtaining a sufficient number of quality subscribers, as defined by us,
retention of these subscribers for extended periods of time, and maximizing
margins from them. If 1) a disproportionate number of subscribers churn relative
to the number of quality subscribers we enroll; 2) we are not able to enroll a
sufficient number of quality subscribers; 3) we are not able to realize
desirable aggregate margins from our subscriber base; and/or 4) we do not
realize desirable aggregate margins for any sustained period of time, our
results of operations may not improve and we may not be able to provide
sufficient cash flows from operating activities to sustain our business strategy
and fund our operating and other needs.
31
Revenues:
Revenues increased $26.6 million to $864.9 million primarily due to: 1)
an increase in our recurring subscription revenue from our core, a la carte, and
premium package offerings of $17.5 million; 2) effective July 2002, a royalty
fee that passes on to subscribers a portion of the royalty costs charged to us
in providing DIRECTV service, amounting to $10.8 million for 2002; 3) an
increase in the fees that we receive from subscribers for the use of multiple
receivers of $5.0 million; and 4) an increase of $5.9 million from other revenue
sources, including sports package offerings, service, shopping networks,
installation and set up fees, and advertising. The $17.5 million increase from
our core, a la carte, and premium package offerings is primarily due to the
fourth quarter 2001 increase to package rates and subscriber migration to higher
priced package offerings, offset in part by the impact of the reduction in total
subscribers. Revenue increases were also partially offset by a $12.6 million
reduction in pay per view revenues.
Direct Operating Expenses:
Programming expense increased $28.0 million to $387.8 million primarily
due to our estimate of patronage to be received from the NRTC for 2002 being
$22.1 million less than that received in 2001, along with a broad rate increase
commencing January 2002 and a targeted increase to certain programming rates
commencing August 2002 charged to us by the NRTC, amounting to approximately
$19.4 million. Our estimate of patronage that is an offset to programming
expenses was reduced by $22.1 million to $22.7 million in 2002. Increased costs
incurred by the NRTC in 2002 combined with our reduced number of subscribers in
2002 have factored into our lowered patronage estimate. The increase in
programming expense was offset in part by approximately $16.6 million of volume
variance related to the reduction in the number of total subscribers in 2002.
Other subscriber related expenses decreased $7.3 million to $197.8
million primarily due to a decrease in bad debt expense of $12.8 million and a
decrease in customer care costs of $2.9 million related to dispatch management
and improved customer care efficiency metrics. The decrease in other subscriber
related expenses was offset in part by an accrual for a one time contract
termination fee of $4.5 million payable in 2003 and an increase in the royalty
fees charged to us as a provider of DIRECTV service of $1.9 million. The
decrease in bad debt expense was mainly due to our focus in 2002 on improving
the quality of our subscriber base that we obtain and retain and improved
account collection efforts. We accrued the liability for the one time contract
termination fee in the third quarter 2002 upon our notice to terminate the
related contract.
Other Operating Expenses:
Gross SAC decreased $82.7 million to $102.6 million primarily due to
reduced gross subscriber additions this year compared to last year and to the
gross commissions and subsidies we incurred in 2001 under the seamless marketing
agreement with DIRECTV, Inc. that was in effect during part of that year. We
incurred gross commissions and subsidies of $80.3 million in 2002 compared to
$143.2 million in 2001. Of the amount incurred in 2001, $41.7 million was
incurred under the seamless marketing agreement. That agreement was terminated
in July 2001 and is the subject of litigation. See ITEM 3. Legal
Proceedings--DIRECTV Litigation for information regarding this litigation.
32
Deferred SAC increased $11.7 million to $31.1 million primarily due to
a greater number of the subscription plans sold in 2002 containing provisions,
as described above, that enabled us to defer costs, whereas for 2001, plans with
such provisions principally commenced in the third quarter 2001. Amortization of
deferred SAC was $30.6 million and $4.2 million in 2002 and 2001, respectively.
Capitalized SAC increased $6.2 million to $27.0 million primarily due to a
greater number of plans in place in 2002 than 2001 under which equipment was
eligible to be capitalized. Depreciation of capitalized SAC was $16.3 million
and $5.4 million in 2002 and 2001, respectively.
Primarily as a result of the reduced subscriber additions and increased
amounts deferred and capitalized noted above, expensed SAC decreased $100.6
million to $44.5 million. Promotion and incentives and advertising and selling
expenses on our statement of operations and comprehensive loss constitute our
expensed SAC. Also contributing to the decrease in advertising and selling
expenses was a reduction in advertising expenses of $10.2 million primarily due
to a focused cost reduction initiative. Amounts we expend for advertising are
discretionary.
General and administrative expenses decreased $8.9 million to $27.3
million due to a broad based cost reduction effort that we undertook in 2002
including work force reductions and reduced expenditures for communication
services resulting from a renegotiation of a contract for such services.
Depreciation and amortization decreased $89.0 million to $168.6 million
primarily due to our adoption in first quarter 2002 of Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards ("FAS") No. 142 "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets" in
its entirety on January 1, 2002. In accordance with FAS 142, we reassessed the
estimated lives of our intangible assets. We believe that the estimated
remaining useful lives of our DBS rights assets should be based on the estimated
useful lives of the satellites at the 101(Degree) west longitude orbital
location available to provide DIRECTV, Inc. services under the NRTC/DIRECTV,
Inc. contract. The contract sets forth the terms and conditions under which the
lives of those satellites are deemed to expire, based on fuel levels and
transponder functionality. We estimate that the useful life of the DIRECTV, Inc.
satellite resources provided under the contract (without regard to renewal
rights) expires in November 2016. Because the cash flows for all of our DBS
rights assets emanate from the same source, we believe that it is appropriate
for all of the estimated useful lives of our DBS rights assets to end at the
same time. Prior to the adoption of FAS 142, our DBS rights assets had estimated
useful lives of 10 years from the date we obtained the rights. Linking the lives
of our DBS rights assets in such fashion extended the amortization period for
the unamortized carrying amount of the assets to remaining lives of
approximately 15 years from January 1, 2002. As a result of the change in useful
life, amortization expense for DBS rights was $110.5 million in 2002 compared to
$236.7 million in 2001. The lives of our DBS rights are subject to litigation.
See ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings--DIRECTV Litigation for information regarding this
litigation.
Included in depreciation and amortization was aggregate depreciation
and amortization of promotions and incentives costs capitalized or deferred and
advertising and selling costs deferred of $46.9 million and $9.6 million for
2002 and 2001, respectively. The difference is due to the increased amount of
costs deferred and capitalized in the current year, as discussed above.
Broadcast and Other Operations
- ------------------------------
This primarily consisted of broadcast television for 2002 and 2001. The
continuing broadcast television operations had revenues for 2002 and 2001 of
$36.0 million and $32.4 million, respectively, and $221 thousand of net income
from continuing operations for 2002 and a net loss from continuing operations of
$5.1 million for 2001. Net revenues of other operations other than broadcast
television were less than $1.0 million and were $1.3 million for 2002 and 2001,
respectively. Income from other operations other than broadcast television were
less than $500 thousand in each of 2002 and 2001. We provide this information
with respect to these operations for context purposes only, for we believe that
these operations are not significant relative to the overall scope and
understanding of our operations.
33
Other Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss Items
- ----------------------------------------------------------
Corporate depreciation and amortization increased $37.0 million to
$38.6 million primarily due to amortization on licenses for intellectual
property that commenced in 2002.
Other operating expenses for 2002 and 2001 included aggregate expenses
associated with our litigation with DIRECTV, Inc. and patent litigation of $15.8
million and $21.4 million, respectively. See ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings--DIRECTV
Litigation for information regarding this litigation.
Interest expense increased $9.1 million to $145.4 million primarily due
to: 1) $18.9 million for PSC's 11-1/4% notes issued in December 2001; 2)
increased interest of $2.3 million incurred in 2002 with respect to our swap
instruments; and 3) $1.1 million for incremental accretion of the discount on
our 13-1/2% senior discount notes. These increases in interest expense were
offset in part by $14.1 million of lower variable rate interest incurred in 2002
under our credit facilities. With respect to interest expense we incurred on our
variable rate debt borrowings in 2002, we benefited from lower interest rates
available throughout the year as well as a lesser average amount of debt
outstanding compared to 2001. Our average amount of variable rate debt
outstanding during 2002 was $309.9 million compared to $399.6 million in 2001.
The weighted average interest rate, including applicable margins but excluding
the effects of interest rate hedging instruments, incurred on variable rate debt
in 2002 was 5.46% compared to 7.61% in 2001. Short term interest rates in
general declined throughout 2002 in response to the Federal Reserve's continuing
attempt that was initiated in 2001 to stimulate the economy by reducing interest
rates. Such interest rate reductions in general meant that continually declining
market rates of interest were available to us in 2002 relative to 2001.
Borrowings under our credit facilities are subject to short term interest rates,
principally LIBOR, that vary with market conditions. However, a portion of this
interest has been fixed in connection with our swap instruments. Under the
swaps, we pay fixed rate interest to the counter parties to the contracts at the
rates specified in the contracts. In exchange, the counter parties pay variable
LIBOR interest rates to us as specified in the contracts. The purpose of the
swaps is to protect us from an increase in market LIBOR rates above the
contracted fixed rates. The applicable LIBOR rates were less than the related
fixed swap rates for all of 2002 and 2001, resulting in additional interest
expense of $3.6 million in 2002 and $1.3 million in 2001. The LIBOR rates in
2002 were lower than the LIBOR rates in 2001, resulting in the additional
interest for the swaps in 2002. The additional interest incurred by the swaps in
both years had the effect of adding 117 and 34 basis points to our aggregate
combined weighted average variable interest rate associated with amounts
outstanding under our credit facilities for 2002 and 2001, respectively.
Interest income decreased by $4.0 million to $907 thousand due to
reduced cash amounts available for earning interest income and much lower
interest rates available during 2002 compared to 2001.
During 2002, we determined that our sole investment in the equity
securities of another company had incurred an other than temporary decline in
market value to zero. Accordingly, we wrote down the carrying amount of our
investment to zero and charged earnings in the amount of $3.3 million for the
impairment loss realized. In connection with the realization of this impairment,
we reclassified $2.1 million, net of income tax of $1.3 million, from other
comprehensive (loss) income to recognize the previously accumulated net
unrealized losses. We recorded an impairment loss of $34.2 million on this
investment in 2001, and reclassified $21.2 million, net of income tax of $13.0
million, to recognize the previously accumulated net unrealized losses at that
time.
34
We had other nonoperating income, net of $2.8 million in 2002 compared
to other nonoperating expense, net of $7.1 million in 2001. This difference was
primarily due to changes in the fair values of our interest rate instruments,
with a net increase in the fair values in 2002 that resulted in a gain of $3.0
million compared to a net decrease in the fair values in 2001 that resulted in a
loss of $4.2 million. The fair values are measured by the amount that the
contracts could be settled at the end of each reporting period. No cash is
exchanged on these assumed settlements.
The income tax benefit on the loss from continuing operations decreased
$83.8 million to $33.1 million due to a reduced amount of pretax losses in the
current year and the effect of a valuation allowance of $42.5 million recorded
against the net deferred income tax asset balance existing at December 31, 2002
in the same amount. The valuation allowance was a charge to income taxes on the
loss from continuing operations. We felt a valuation allowance was necessary at
December 31, 2002 because, based on our history of losses, it was more likely
than not that the benefits of this net tax asset balance would not be realized.
The effect of the valuation allowance lowered our effective income tax rate on
continuing operations to 17.0% from that for 2001 of 30.5%.
Loss from discontinued operations in 2002 and 2001 of $2.7 million, net
of income tax of $1.7 million, and $10.7 million, net of income tax of $6.6
million, respectively, represent the sale that was pending at December 31, 2002
of a broadcast television station and our Pegasus Express business that was
discontinued in 2002. At December 31, 2002, we had entered into a definitive
agreement to sell our Mobile, Alabama broadcast television station to an
unaffiliated party for $11.5 million in cash. We completed the sale of the
station in March 2003. Accordingly, we classified the operations of this station
as discontinued for 2002 and 2001. There were no operations for this station in
2000. In August 2002, we sold the subscribers and equipment inventory for our
Pegasus Express two way satellite internet access business to an unaffiliated
party. The cash proceeds were $1.4 million for the subscribers and $2.6 million
for the equipment. With the sale of the subscribers and equipment, we no longer
operated the Pegasus Express business and, accordingly, have classified this
business as discontinued for 2002 and 2001. There were no operations for this
business in 2000. Aggregate revenues and pretax loss of discontinued operations
were as follows (in thousands):
2002 2001
-------------- -------------
Revenues $ 3,853 $ 1,862
Pretax loss (4,352) (17,326)
Included in the pretax amount for 2002 is a loss of $837 thousand on the Pegasus
Express equipment inventory sold and an aggregate loss of $847 thousand for
other assets associated with the Pegasus Express business that were written off
because they had no use outside of the business.
The extraordinary net gain from extinguishments of debt in 2002 of
$10.3 million, net of income tax of $6.3 million, represents repurchases of
outstanding notes and write off of associated unamortized discount and deferred
financing costs during the year. The extraordinary loss from extinguishments of
debt in 2001 of $1.8 million, net of income tax of $1.1 million, represents
write offs of unamortized deferred financing costs associated with debt repaid
and credit agreements terminated during the year.
Comparison of 2001 to 2000
In this section, amounts and changes specified are for the year ended
December 31, 2001 compared to the year ended December 31, 2000, unless otherwise
indicated. With respect to our income or loss from operations, we focus on our
DBS business, as this is our only significant business.
35
DBS
- ---
Revenues:
Revenues increased $256.1 million to $838.2 million. This increase was
primarily due to an increase in the number of subscribers from internal growth,
and to a lesser extent the impact from the seamless consumer agreement in effect
for 12 months in 2001 versus only three months in 2000 and the rate increase for
our core packages effected in the fourth quarter 2001. Additionally, the current
year includes 12 months of the revenues of our subsidiary Golden Sky Systems
that was acquired in May 2000 as well as the revenues of the 19 other entities
that we acquired at various times in 2000. The seamless consumer agreement with
DIRECTV, Inc. became effective in the fourth quarter 2000. This agreement gave
us the right to provide our subscribers with additional DIRECTV services
programming distributed by DIRECTV, Inc. from certain frequencies and to retain
a portion of the revenues associated with this programming.
The number of subscribers we obtained through internal growth decreased
in 2001 from 2000 in part due to the success we had in 2000 in converting former
subscribers of another direct broadcast satellite system. Also, in 2001,
competition from digital cable providers and a competing direct broadcast
satellite provider in the territories we serve and the economic slow down
decelerated our growth. In years prior to 2001, we had experienced large
increases in our number of subscribers as a result of the numerous acquisitions
we made in those years. In 2001, we acquired only one DIRECTV provider, which
was not significant.
Direct Operating Expenses:
Programming expenses increased $112.8 million to $359.9 million
primarily due to the incremental expenses incurred in providing service to an
increased subscriber base in place throughout 2001 compared to 2000.
Additionally, 2001 had the full effect of a 5-6% programming rate increase on
our core programming packages implemented by the NRTC in mid 2000.
Other subscriber related expenses increased $69.6 million to $205.1
million. The increase is principally due to the incremental expenses incurred in
serving the increased subscriber base in place throughout 2001 compared to 2000.
Increased costs to service subscriber equipment and increased bad debt expense
as a result of higher nonpay churn experience, also contributed to the increase.
We also opened a new call center facility in 2001 that added additional
personnel related and customer care costs.
Other Operating Expenses:
Gross SAC increased $3.1 million to $185.3 million. SAC deferred in
2001 was $19.4 million. No SAC was deferred in 2000 because we did not have any
subscription plans in place in 2000 that contained provisions, as described
above, enabling us to defer costs. Amortization of deferred SAC was $4.2 million
in 2001. No deferred SAC existed in 2000 to be amortized. SAC capitalized
increased $8.6 million to $20.8 million due to greater availability of and
enrollment in subscription plans in 2001 than in 2000 under which equipment was
eligible to be capitalized and the amount of time that such plans were in place
in 2001 than in 2000. Depreciation of capitalized SAC was $5.4 million and $3.9
million in 2001 and 2000, respectively. SAC expensed decreased $24.9 million to
$145.1 million.
Promotions and incentives expensed increased $3.1 million to $40.4
million primarily due to a combination of: 1) more subscribers enrolled in 2001
under subscription plans that had greater associated subsidies; 2) incremental
subsidies incurred under the seamless marketing agreement with DIRECTV, Inc.
because of the longer time in effect in 2001 than 2000; and 3) a shift in 2001
towards compensation plans to our dealers under which we provided more
subsidies, which are recorded as promotions and incentives, and less
commissions, which are recorded as advertising and selling. In 2001, we deferred
$15.5 million of promotions and incentives costs, and promotions and incentives
costs capitalized increased $8.6 million to $20.8 million. We terminated the
seamless marketing agreement in July 2001. This agreement is subject to
litigation. See ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings--DIRECTV Litigation for information
regarding this litigation.
36
Advertising and selling expenses decreased $28.0 million to $104.7
million primarily due to a combination of: 1) a lesser number of new subscribers
added through our independent retail network in 2001 than in 2000 resulting in
less commission costs; 2) a shift in 2001 towards compensation plans under which
we paid more subsidies and less commissions to our dealers; and 3) $3.9 million
of costs deferred in 2001.
General and administrative expenses increased $11.5 million to $36.1
million primarily due to the incremental internal support costs we incurred in
providing service to our increased subscriber base. We had a larger average
number of employees in 2001 than in 2000 with resultant higher employee related
expenses. Also, in 2001 we opened up a new operations office for our direct
broadcast satellite business that expanded our capabilities for that business
with a resultant increase in related internal support costs.
Depreciation and amortization increased $72.1 million to $257.5 million
principally due to the amortization of direct broadcast satellite rights assets
we recorded in acquisitions we made in 2000. Approximately $33.0 million of the
increase was associated with amortization of the direct broadcast satellite
rights assets of $1.0 billion recorded in our acquisition of Golden Sky
Holdings.
Broadcast and Other Operations
- ------------------------------
This primarily consisted of broadcast television for 2001 and 2000. The
continuing broadcast television operations had revenues for 2001 and 2000 of
$32.4 million and $35.4 million, respectively, and net losses from continuing
operations for 2001 and 2000 of $5.1 million and $1.7 million, respectively. Net
revenues and income from other operations other than broadcast television for
2001 were $1.3 million and less than $500 thousand, respectively. We provide
this information for other operations for context purposes only, for we believe
that these operations are not significant relative to the overall scope and
understanding of our operations.
Other Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss Items
- ----------------------------------------------------------
The increase in corporate and development expenses of $6.6 million to
$20.7 million primarily reflected the growth in our corporate infrastructure in
support of the growth of our overall operations. Other operating expenses for
2001 and 2000 of $32.0 million and $11.1 million, respectively, included $21.4
million and $2.9 million, respectively, in expenses associated with litigation
with DIRECTV, Inc. and patent litigation. See ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings--DIRECTV
Litigation for information regarding this litigation.
Interest expense increased $14.2 million to $136.3 million principally
due to the amount of time that our 12-3/8% notes and 13-1/2% senior subordinated
discount notes were outstanding during 2001 versus 2000. These notes were
initially issued by subsidiaries of our subsidiary Golden Sky Holdings that came
to us when we acquired Golden Sky Holdings in May 2000.
Interest income of $4.9 million was lower in 2001 than in 2000 by $10.3
million due to lower average cash amounts on hand during 2001 than in 2000.
Also, lower rates of interest were available to us on amounts outstanding during
2001 than in 2000 due to general lower market rates in 2001 than in 2000.
37
In the third quarter 2001, we determined that our sole investment in
the equity securities of another company had incurred an other than temporary
decline in market value. Accordingly, we wrote down the cost basis in this
investment to its then fair market value and charged earnings in the amount of
$34.2 million for the impairment loss realized. In connection with the
realization of this impairment, we reclassified $21.2 million, net of income
tax of $13.0 million, from other comprehensive (loss) income to recognize the
previously accumulated net unrealized losses.
Other nonoperating expenses of $7.1 million included $4.2 million for
losses on the decrease in the fair market values of our interest rate
instruments. Equity in earnings of affiliates of $14.3 million for 2001
primarily represented the gain on sales of certain licenses made by one of our
affiliates in which we have an investment. The benefit for income taxes on the
loss from continuing operations increased $15.0 million to $116.9 million due to
a greater amount of pretax loss in 2001 than in 2000.
We had a loss from discontinued operations in 2001 of $10.7 million,
net of income tax of $6.6 million, and a net gain from discontinued operations
in 2000 of $60.4 million, net of tax of $28.6 million in 2000. The loss in 2001
represents the aggregate operations of our Mobile, Alabama broadcast station
that was under agreement for sale at December 31, 2002 and later sold in March
2003 and our Pegasus Express business that we discontinued in 2002. There were
no operations for either of these in 2000. The net gain in 2000 represents the
sale of all of our cable operations in Puerto Rico. The extraordinary loss from
extinguishments of debt in 2001 and 2000 of $1.8 million, net of income tax of
$1.1 million, and $5.8 million, net of income tax of $3.5 million, respectively,
represent write offs of unamortized deferred financing costs associated with
debt repaid and credit agreements terminated during each year.
EBITDA
- ------
DBS EBITDA was $211.9 million, $92.0 million, and $4.9 million for
2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively. See ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data for the
calculation of DBS EBITDA and a reconciliation of DBS EBITDA to our most
comparable GAAP measure of loss from operations. We present DBS EBITDA because
the DBS business is our only significant business and this business forms the
principal portion of our results of operations and cash flows. DBS EBITDA is
not, and should not be considered, an alternative to income from operations, net
income, net cash provided by operating activities, or any other measure for
determining our operating performance or liquidity, as determined under
generally accepted accounting principles. DBS EBITDA also does not necessarily
indicate whether our cash flow will be sufficient to fund working capital,
capital expenditures or to react to changes in our industry or the economy
generally. We believe that DBS EBITDA is important because people who follow our
industry frequently use it as a measure of financial performance and ability to
pay debt service, and that we, our lenders, and investors use to monitor our
financial performance and debt leverage. Although EBITDA is a common measure
used by other companies, our calculation of EBITDA may not be comparable with
that of others.
38
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We had cash and cash equivalents on hand at December 31, 2002 of $59.8
million compared to $144.7 million at December 31, 2001. The change in cash is
discussed below in terms of the amounts shown in our statement of cash flows.
Net cash was provided by operating activities in 2002 of $29.8 million,
and net cash was used for operating activities in 2001 and 2000 of $136.1
million and $63.1 million, respectively. We believe that the net cash flows
provided by operating activities for 2002 was reflective of our new business
strategy, as described above, being fully effective throughout 2002. The
principal reasons for the change between 2002 and 2001 were: 1) increased level
of DBS revenues and improved collections on DBS accounts receivable due to a
higher quality subscriber base in place in 2002; 2) much less SAC incurred in
2002 primarily due to reduced gross subscriber additions in the current year and
commissions and subsidies incurred in 2001 under the seamless marketing
agreement with DIRECTV, Inc. that was in effect during part of that year; 3) a
lower level of other subscriber related expenses and general and administrative
expenses achieved by cost reduction measures in place during 2002; 4) taxes paid
in 2001 with respect to the 2000 sale of our cable operations; and 5) offset in
part by incremental DBS programming expenses incurred in 2002. The greater
amount of cash used for operating activities in 2001 compared to 2000 was
primarily due to: 1) an increase in cash interest incurred in 2001 on our
12-3/8% notes due to these notes being outstanding for only a portion of 2000;
2) taxes paid in 2001 with respect to the 2000 sale of our cable operations; 3)
increased amounts incurred in 2001 associated with the DIRECTV, Inc. litigation;
and 4) a reduction in interest income in 2001 primarily due to greater amounts
of cash available for investing in 2000.
Net cash was used for investing activities in 2002, 2001, and 2000 of
$30.4 million, $60.7 million, and $158.4 million, respectively. The primary
investing activity in 2002 was for DBS equipment capitalized of $26.4 million.
Primary investing activities in 2001 were DBS equipment capitalized of $20.8
million, other capital expenditures of $25.3 million primarily for a new call
center and capital improvements to existing buildings, and purchases of
intangible assets of $13.7 million, consisting of additional guard band licenses
and costs incurred to acquire and convert to our DIRECTV services subscribers of
a failing cable system. In 2000, we received proceeds of $166.9 million from the
sale of our cable operations. Principal investing activities in 2000 were
acquisitions of other DIRECTV providers of $152.7 million, purchases of guard
band licenses of $91.7 million, DBS equipment capitalized of $12.2 million,
other various capital expenditures of $34.2 million, purchases of other
intangible assets of $20.3 million, and investments in others of $14.6 million.
Net cash was used for financing activities in 2002 of $84.2 million,
and net cash was provided by financing activities in 2001 and 2000 of $127.1
million and $395.4 million, respectively. Primary financing activities in 2002
were repayment of amounts outstanding under our revolving credit facility of
$80.0 million and purchases and redemption of our securities aggregating $56.5
million. Net cash used for financing activities was offset in part by $60.1
million borrowed under term loans, net of repayments of $3.1 million. Primary
financing activities in 2001 were proceeds from a note issuance of $175.0
million, less repayment of term loans of $37.8 million and incurrence of debt
financing costs of $9.4 million. Primary financing activities in 2000 were net
proceeds from the issuance of preferred stock of $290.4 million, $117.8 million
borrowed on bank credit facilities, net of repayments of $157.2 million,
repayments of long term debt of $19.0 million, and debt financing costs incurred
of $9.8 million.
We project that our capital expenditures for 2003 will be approximately
$31.0 million, of which approximately $28.0 million will be for the DBS
business. In July 2002, we gave notice to terminate a contract for call center
services in which we will pay a termination fee of $4.5 million in 2003.
39
The following table displays payments for our contractual obligations
outstanding at December 31, 2002 (in thousands):
Payments due by period
Less than More than
Contractual Obligations Total 1 year 1-3 Years 3-5 Years 5 Years
- ---------------------------- ------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Long term debt $1,312,625 $5,752 $512,556 $611,579 $182,738
Redeemable preferred stock 93,072 93,072
Operating leases 17,235 3,670 6,589 4,353 2,623
Broadcast programming rights 13,620 4,164 5,084 1,947 2,425
Purchase commitments 28,929 21,429 7,500
------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Total $1,465,481 $35,015 $531,729 $710,951 $187,786
============= ============ ============ ============ ============
Long term debt is presented in the table based on the principal amount
outstanding at December 31, 2002. Redeemable preferred stock in the table
represents our 12-3/4% series at its liquidation value, excluding accrued
dividends, at December 31, 2002 because the stock is mandatorily redeemable at a
scheduled date in this amount. All of our other redeemable preferred stocks have
been excluded from the table because they do not have mandatory redemption or
liquidation dates. Amounts presented for purchase commitments in the table are
based on the minimum annual payments called for under the respective contracts.
Included in the payments in less than one year for purchase commitments is a
contract termination fee of $4.5 million. We had no capital lease obligations at
December 31, 2002.
At December 31, 2002, the commitment for PM&C's revolving credit
facility was permanently reduced to $168.8 million as scheduled under the terms
of the facility. The commitment for this facility is scheduled to be further
reduced on a permanent basis quarterly by $14.1 million in 2003 and $28.1
million in 2004, after which time there will be no available commitment and the
facility terminates. Availability under the revolving credit facility at
December 31, 2002 was $108.5 million. Principal borrowed and repaid under this
facility may be reborrowed up to the amount available for the facility. We have
amounts outstanding under a term loan facility in which outstanding principal is
repaid quarterly in scheduled increasing increments over the term of the
facility until the facility is fully repaid and terminated in 2005. Principal
scheduled to be repaid for this facility is $2.8 million, $138.9 million, and
$127.9 million in 2003, 2004, and 2005, respectively. No further funds are
available to be borrowed under this facility, and principal repaid under this
facility may not be reborrowed. We borrowed $63.2 million under an incremental
term loan facility in June 2002. Outstanding principal under this facility is
repaid quarterly in scheduled increasing increments over the term of the
facility until the facility is fully repaid and terminated in 2005. Principal
scheduled to be repaid for this facility is $632 thousand, $16.2 million, and
$45.9 million in 2003, 2004, and 2005, respectively. No further funds are
available to be borrowed under this facility, and principal repaid under this
facility may not be reborrowed.
As the result of the continued execution of our business strategy, we
expect that cash from operating activities and available credit will be
sufficient to fund our operating needs, contractual obligations, and capital
expenditures for 2003. However, if 1) a disproportionate number of subscribers
churn relative to the number of quality subscribers we enroll; 2) we are not
able to enroll a sufficient number of quality subscribers; 3) we are not able to
realize desirable aggregate margins from our subscriber base; and/or 4) we do
not realize desirable aggregate margins for any sustained period of time, our
results of operations may not improve and we may not be able to provide
sufficient cash flows from operating activities to sustain our business strategy
and fund our operating and other needs.
In 2002, in negotiated transactions with unaffiliated holders, we
purchased our preferred stock with an aggregate liquidation value of $177.2
million that had accrued dividends of $8.3 million for $23.3 million and notes
with an aggregate maturity value of $49.0 million for $25.5 million. Also in
2002, through a combination of open market purchases and negotiated transactions
with unaffiliated parties, we purchased an aggregate of 181,310 shares of our
40
Class A common stock for $1.9 million. Since December 31, 2002 through March 10,
2003, we have purchased an additional 96,960 shares in the aggregate for $1.2
million. We viewed these purchases as an opportunistic use of available cash in
taking advantage of what we believed to be undervalued securities. Also, the
purchases of our notes and preferred stock reduced our leverage and reduced
future cash outflows associated with our outstanding securities, without being
detrimental to our working capital needs. We may further engage in transactions
from time to time that involve the purchase, sale, and/or exchange of our
securities. Such transactions may be made in the open market or in privately
negotiated transactions and may involve cash or the issuance of new securities
or securities that we received upon purchase or exchange. The amount and timing
of such transactions, if any, will depend on market conditions and other
considerations.
At the option of the holders, all outstanding shares of Series B
preferred stock were redeemed in March 2002 for $5.7 million plus accrued and
unpaid dividends on the series to the date of redemption of $10 thousand.
At the discretion of our board of directors as permitted by the
certificate of designation for the 6-1/2% Series C preferred stock, our board of
directors has not declared or paid any of the scheduled quarterly dividends for
this series on and after April 30, 2002. Dividends not declared accumulate in
arrears until later declared and paid. The total amount of dividends in arrears
on Series C at December 31, 2002 was $8.8 million. An additional $2.9 million of
dividends payable on January 31, 2003 were not declared or paid and became in
arrears on that date. Unless full cumulative dividends in arrears have been paid
or set aside for payment, PCC, but not its subsidiaries, may not, with certain
exceptions, with respect to capital stock junior to or on a parity with Series C
1) declare, pay, or set aside amounts for payment of future cash dividends or
distributions or 2) purchase, redeem, or otherwise acquire for value any shares.
While dividends are in arrears on the preferred stock senior to Series
D and Series E, our board of directors may not declare or pay dividends or
redeem shares for these series. Series C is senior to Series D and E preferred
stocks. Because dividends on the Series C preferred stock are in arrears,
dividends payable for these series on January 1, 2003 of $500 thousand and $400
thousand, respectively, were not declared or paid and became in arrears on that
date. We received notice in 2002 of redemption from holders for 5,000 shares of
Series E preferred stock amounting to $5.0 million. This notice was received
after dividends on preferred stock senior to this series became in arrears.
While dividends on preferred stock senior to this series are in arrears, we are
not permitted nor obligated to redeem the related shares. However, under these
circumstances, our inability to redeem the Series E shares is not an event of
default. In February 2003, $6.1 million of Series D preferred stock and the
remaining $5.0 million of Series E preferred stock became eligible for
redemption by holders of the stocks.
The semiannual dividends on PSC's 12-3/4% cumulative exchangeable
preferred stock became payable in cash after January 1, 2002. However, at the
discretion of our board of directors as permitted by the certificate of
designation for the series, our board of directors has not declared any dividend
for this series after January 1, 2002. Dividends in arrears to unaffiliated
parties at December 31, 2002 were $5.9 million, with accrued interest thereon of
$438 thousand. An additional $5.9 million of dividends payable on January 1,
2003 to unaffiliated parties were not declared or paid and became in arrears on
that date. Dividends not declared or paid accumulate in arrears and incur
interest at a rate of 14.75% per year until later declared and paid. Unless full
cumulative dividends in arrears on the 12-3/4% series have been paid or set
aside for payment, PSC may not, with certain exceptions, with respect to capital
stock junior to the series 1) declare, pay, or set aside amounts for payment of
future cash dividends or distributions or 2) purchase, redeem, or otherwise
acquire for value any shares of its capital stock junior to the series.
We are highly leveraged. At December 31, 2002, we had a combined
carrying amount of debt and redeemable preferred stock outstanding of $1.6
billion. We dedicate a substantial portion of cash to pay amounts associated
41
with debt. In 2002, 2001, and 2000, we paid interest of $111.7 million, $113.2
million, and $94.1 million, respectively. Our high leverage makes us more
vulnerable to adverse economic and industry conditions and limits our
flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the
industries in which we operate. Our ability to make payments on and to refinance
indebtedness and redeemable preferred stock outstanding and to fund operations,
planned capital expenditures, and other activities depends on our ability to
generate cash in the future. Our ability to generate cash depends on the success
of our business strategy, prevailing economic conditions, regulatory risks,
competitive activities by other parties, equipment strategies, technological
developments, level of programming and subscriber acquisition costs, levels of
interest rates, and financial, business, and other factors that are beyond our
control. We cannot assure that our business will generate sufficient cash flow
from operations or that alternative financing will be available to us in amounts
sufficient to fund the needs previously specified. Our indebtedness and
preferred stock contain numerous covenants that, among other things, generally
limit the ability to incur additional indebtedness and liens, issue other
securities, make certain payments and investments, pay dividends, dispose of
assets, and enter into certain transactions, and impose limitations on the
activities of our subsidiaries. Failure to make debt payments or comply with
covenants could result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived,
could have a material adverse effect on us.
In August 2002, a major rating agency reduced the ratings on all of our
notes, bank debt, preferred stock, and senior implied and unsecured issuer
ratings to a lower grade. We believe that these downgradings will not have much
of an impact on our liquidity and capital resources because our ratings before
the downgrade were generally considered speculative grade securities.
Availability of external sources of liquidity and capital resources to us is
more impacted by the tightening of capital markets: 1) in general due to general
economic conditions, and 2) in particular to the cable and satellite sector, in
which we are included, as a result of uncertainties and developments within the
sector. Also, it is likely that the outcome of our ongoing litigation with
DIRECTV, Inc. will influence our credit ratings and access to capital.
At this time, we cannot determine with any certainty what capital
resources will be available to us or the sources and sufficiency of liquidity to
meet our contractual obligations beyond 2003. We may seek to amend existing
credit facilities to increase cash availability thereunder, enter into new
credit arrangements, seek to issue new debt and/or equity securities, refinance
existing debt and/or preferred stock outstanding, extend maturities of existing
debt, or secure some other form of financing in meeting our longer term needs.
Our financing options and opportunities will be impacted by general and industry
specific economic and capital market conditions over which we have no control,
as well as the outcome of our litigation with DIRECTV, Inc. These factors may
preclude us from securing suitable financing on terms acceptable to us.
New Accounting Pronouncements
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("FAS") No. 143 "Accounting
for Asset Retirement Obligations" addresses financial accounting and reporting
for obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long lived assets and
the associated asset retirement costs. FAS 143 is effective for fiscal years
beginning after June 15, 2002. Entities are required to recognize the fair
values of liabilities for asset retirement obligations in the period in which
the liabilities are incurred. Liabilities recognized are to be added to the cost
of the asset to which they relate. Legal liabilities that exist on the date of
adoption of FAS 143 are to be recognized on that date. We expect to finalize our
analysis in the first quarter 2003 in determining if any legal liabilities are
connected with any of our long lived assets. However, we believe that
liabilities, if any, recognized in accordance with this statement will not be
significant.
42
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 145 "Rescission of FASB
Statements No. 4, 44, and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical
Corrections" is effective for fiscal years beginning after May 15, 2002. A
principal provision of FAS 145 is the reporting in the statement of operations
of gains and losses associated with extinguishments of debt. FAS 145 rescinds
the present required classification of extinguishments of debt as extraordinary.
Instead, FAS 145 states that extinguishments of debt be considered for
extraordinary treatment in light of already established criteria used to
determine whether events are extraordinary. For an event to be extraordinary,
the established criteria are that it must be both unusual and infrequent. Once
FAS 145 becomes effective, all debt extinguishments classified as extraordinary
in the statement of operations issued prior to the effective date of FAS 145
that do not satisfy the criteria for extraordinary treatment may not be reported
as extraordinary in statements of operations issued after that date. We have
extinguished debt a number of times in the past, and may do so in the future.
Regarding our debt extinguishments occurring prior to January 1, 2003 that are
properly reported as extraordinary under accounting standards in effect until
that time, we expect that they will not be events that qualify for extraordinary
treatment after that date. As a result, we believe that our extinguishments of
debt reported as extraordinary prior to January 1, 2003 that are included in
statements of operations after that date will not be reported as extraordinary
in those statements. Rather, these extinguishments will be reported as a
component of nonoperating gains and losses within continuing operations. We
believe that extinguishments of debt occurring after that date will be
classified similarly. We do not expect such a change in classification to have
any effect on our operations, cash flows, financial position, or covenants
related to our existing credit agreement and note indenture.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 146 "Accounting for
Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities" is effective for exit or
disposal activities initiated after December 31, 2002. FAS 146 requires
companies to recognize costs associated with exit or disposal activities, costs
to terminate contracts that are not capital leases, and costs to consolidate
facilities or relocate employees when they are incurred rather than at the date
of a commitment to engage in these activities as permitted under existing
accounting standards. FAS 146 is to be applied prospectively to the activities
covered by the statement that are initiated after December 31, 2002. We will
apply the requirements of FAS 146 when we engage in any of the covered
activities.
FASB Interpretation ("FIN") No. 45 "Guarantor's Accounting and
Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of
Indebtedness of Others" was issued in November 2002. The disclosure requirements
of this interpretation are effective for periods ending after December 15, 2002,
whereas the initial recognition and initial measurement provisions shall be
applied only on a prospective basis to guarantees issued or modified after
December 31, 2002. The interpretation elaborates on the disclosures to be made
by a guarantor about its obligations under certain guarantees that it has
issued. The interpretation also clarifies that a guarantor is required to
recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of
the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. The disclosure requirements
did not have a significant impact to us, and we will apply the recognition and
measurement provisions when we enter into any new guarantees or modify any
existing guarantees after December 31, 2002 that are addressed by FIN 45.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 148 "Accounting for
Stock-Based Compensation - Accounting and Disclosure" was issued in December
2002 and is an amendment of FAS 123. FAS 148 provides alternative recognition
transition methods for a voluntary change from the intrinsic method, like we
have been using, to the fair value based method of accounting for stock based
employee compensation. The transition methods available vary for transitions
occurring in years beginning before December 16, 2003 and those starting after
December 15, 2003. FAS 148 also requires more prominent disclosure about the
effects on reported net income of an entity's accounting policy decisions with
respect to stock based employee compensation and requires disclosure about those
43
effects in interim financial information. Previous to FAS 148, disclosures about
the effects of stock based employee compensation were only required in annual
financial information. Disclosure prominence is to be achieved by placing
certain disclosures related to stock based employee compensation in the summary
of significant accounting policies. The transition and disclosure in accounting
policies provisions are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15,
2002. Disclosures required for financial statements for interim periods are
effective for interim periods beginning after December 15, 2002. We have adopted
the provisions of FAS 148 effective with our 2002 year end reporting, and will
adopt the provisions applicable to interim reporting with our first quarter 2003
interim period. We did not experience any impacts on our financial position,
results of operations, or cash flows with respect to the provisions we adopted
for our 2002 year end reporting, and we do not expect any significant impacts on
these items when we adopt the interim period reporting provisions.
FIN No. 46 "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities" was issued in
January 2003. This interpretation clarifies the need for primary beneficiaries
of variable interest entities to consolidate the variable interest entities into
their financial statements. Variable interest entities are entities in which
equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial
interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its
activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties.
Certain disclosures therein about variable interest entities are effective for
financial statements issued after January 31, 2003. Variable interest entities
created after January 31, 2003 are to be consolidated by the primary
beneficiaries after that date. Variable interest entities created before
February 1, 2003 are to be consolidated by primary beneficiaries that are public
entities no later than the beginning of the first interim or annual reporting
period beginning after June 15, 2003. Based on our analysis of the requirements
of FIN 46, we believe that we are not the primary beneficiary of and do not hold
any significant interest in any significant variable interest entity that
presently require us to apply the provisions of FIN 46.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Our primary market risk is change in interest rates. Our principal
exposure is variable market rates of interest associated with borrowings under
our credit facilities. Borrowings under our credit facilities are subject to
short term interest rates, principally LIBOR, that vary with market conditions.
The amount of interest we incur also depends upon the amount of borrowings
outstanding. We attempt to manage upside interest rate risk associated with our
variable rate debt by using interest rate hedging instruments. The interest rate
hedging instruments indicated below were not entered into for trading or
speculative purposes.
The following tables summarize our market risks associated with debt,
redeemable preferred stock that has a specified redemption date, and interest
rate hedging instruments outstanding at December 31, 2002 and 2001,
respectively. For debt and redeemable preferred stock, the tables display future
cash flows for periodic payments and maturities of principal of debt and the
scheduled redemption at par value for the preferred stock based on amounts
outstanding at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The percentage rate
indicated within each year for debt and redeemable preferred stock represents
the applicable weighted average interest or dividend rate associated with
payments, maturities, and/or redemption, as the case may be, occurring in that
year. Because of their variable and unpredictable nature, the interest rate
specified for variable rate debt for each year is based on the actual weighted
average rate in effect at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively, adjusted for
payments and maturities that occur in each subsequent year within the tables.
For interest rate hedging instruments, the tables reflect the year in which the
contracts related to the notional amounts terminate and the weighted average
rate of interest associated with the terminating contracts. The notional amounts
of the swaps and caps are used to measure interest to be paid or received. We do
not pay or receive any cash for the notional amounts when the contracts
terminate.
44
Fair values of debt and redeemable preferred stock are based on the
carrying amount of the debt and redeemable preferred stock outstanding at
December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The fair values of our fixed rate debt
and redeemable preferred stock that are publicly held at December 31, 2002 and
2001 were estimated using available market prices for those that have
determinable market prices and market prices of other comparable securities for
those where no market price is determinable. These securities are not actively
traded. The fair value at December 31, 2002 for one note series that is not
publicly registered and is subject to restrictions on transfer was estimated
from the fair values attributed to our comparable publicly held notes. The fair
value for this note series at December 31, 2001 was assumed to be equal to its
principal amount at that date, for the series had been newly issued near
December 31, 2001 and its interest rate at issuance approximated market rates
available at December 31, 2001. Other fixed rate debt at December 31, 2002 and
2001 was not significant and the fair value was assumed to be equal to its
carrying amount. Principal amounts outstanding for variable rate debt at
December 31, 2002 and 2001 were assumed to approximate their fair values at
those dates because this debt is subject to short term variable rates of
interest and the rates in effect at those dates approximated market rates
available at each date. Fair values of the swaps and caps were based on the
estimated amounts to settle the contracts assuming they were terminated at
December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively.
45
(dollars in thousands)
Market Risks at December 31, 2002
Fair
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Thereafter Total Value
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ----------- --------- ---------
Debt:
Fixed rate $ 2,370 $ 557 $ 183,040 $ 295,159 $ 316,420 $ 182,738 $ 980,284 $ 532,216
Average
interest rate 6.69% 5.80% 10.69% 11.48% 13.01% 11.17%
Variable rate $ 3,382 $ 155,138 $ 173,821 $ 332,341 $ 332,341
Average
interest rate 5.31% 5.31% 5.31%
Redeemable
preferred stock $ 93,072 $ 93,072 $ 25,791
Average
dividend rate 12.75%
Swaps notional
amount $ 72,114 $ 72,114 $ (1,269)
Average
pay rate 7.19%
Caps notional
amount $ 67,886 $ 31,600 $ 99,486 $ 71
Average
contract rate 9.00% 6.50%
46
Market Risks at December 31, 2001
Fair
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Thereafter Total Value
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ----------- --------- ---------
Debt:
Fixed rate $ 5,978 $ 2,420 $ 458 $ 200,345 $ 295,159 $ 531,012 $1,035,372 $ 892,436
Average
interest rate 5.97% 6.61% 5.87% 10.84% 11.48% 12.39%
Variable rate $ 2,750 $ 29,417 $ 192,208 $ 127,875 $ 352,250 $ 352,250
Average
interest rate 5.44% 6.17% 5.66% 5.44%
Redeemable
preferred stock $ 172,952 $ 172,952 $ 135,076
Dividend rate 12.75%
Swaps notional
amount $ 72,114 $ 72,114 $ (4,161)
Average
pay rate 7.19%
Caps notional
amount $ 67,886 $ 67,886 $ 1
Average
contract rate 9.00%
47
For redeemable preferred stock, only PSC's 12-3/4% series preferred
stock has a mandatory redemption date and is included in the above tables.
With respect to interest expense we incurred on our variable rate debt
borrowings in 2002, we benefited from lower interest rates available throughout
the year as well as a lesser average amount of debt outstanding compared to
2001. Our average amount of variable rate debt outstanding during 2002 was
$309.9 million compared to $399.6 million in 2001. The weighted average interest
rate, including applicable margins but excluding the effects of interest rate
hedging instruments, incurred on variable debt rate in 2002 was 5.46% compared
to 7.61% in 2001. Short term interest rates in general declined throughout 2002
in response to the Federal Reserve's continuing attempt that was initiated in
2001 to stimulate the economy by reducing interest rates. Such interest rate
reductions in general meant that continually declining market rates of interest
were available to us in 2002 relative to 2001.
At December 31, 2002, we had two interest rate swap contracts with a
combined notional amount of $72.1 million that were outstanding for all of 2002.
Under the swaps, we pay fixed rate interest to the counter parties to the
contracts at the rates specified in the contracts. In exchange, the counter
parties pay variable LIBOR interest rates to us. The LIBOR rate for each
contract is based on the market six month LIBOR rate in effect at the beginning
of each six month rate resetting period. The purpose of the swaps is to protect
us from an increase in market LIBOR rates above the contracted fixed rates. The
applicable LIBOR rates were less than the related fixed swap rates for all of
2002 and 2001. As a result, we incurred additional interest expense of $3.6
million and $1.3 million in 2002 and 2001, respectively. This additional
interest had the effect of adding 117 and 34 basis points to our aggregate
combined weighted average variable interest rate associated with amounts
outstanding under our credit facilities for 2002 and 2001, respectively.
At December 31, 2002, we had four interest rate cap contracts, two that
were outstanding for all of 2002 and two that we entered into in August 2002.
Under the caps, we receive interest from the counter parties to the contracts
when the LIBOR interest rates specified in the contracts exceed the contracted
interest cap rates. The LIBOR rate for each contract is based on the market
three month LIBOR rate in effect at the beginning of each three month resetting
period. The caps have not had any effect on our effective interest rates or the
amount of interest incurred during 2002 or 2001.
We measure our derivative financial instruments based on their fair
values, and recognize related assets or liabilities as appropriate in the
statement of financial position. The fair values of our interest rate swaps and
caps are determined by the counter parties to the contracts of the respective
instruments. The fair values are measured by the amount that the contracts could
be settled at on any designated day. No cash is exchanged on these assumed
settlements, but we record gains for increases and losses for decreases in the
fair values between assumed settlement dates, which occur on each calendar
quarter end month. These gains and losses are recorded in the period of change
in other nonoperating income and expense, respectively. The aggregate fair value
of the swaps and caps at December 31, 2002 and 2001 were liabilities of $1.2
million and $4.2 million, respectively. We recognized a gain of $3.0 million in
2002 and a loss of $4.2 million in 2001 for the net change in the aggregate net
fair value within those years.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The information required by this item is set forth beginning on page
F-1.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
48
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The information required under this Item will appear under the headings
"Proposal 1. Election of Directors" and "Executive Officers" in our proxy
statement for our 2003 annual meeting of stockholders, which information is
incorporated herein by reference in reliance on General Instruction G(3) to Form
10-K.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required under this Item will appear under the headings
"Compensation of Directors," "Executive Compensation," "Compensation Committee
Interlocks and Insider Participation," and "Employment Contracts" in our proxy
statement for our 2003 annual meeting of stockholders, which information is
incorporated herein by reference in reliance on General Instruction G(3) to Form
10-K.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required under this Item will appear under the headings
"Equity Compensation Plan Information" and "Principal Stockholders" in our proxy
statement for our 2003 annual meeting of stockholders, which information is
incorporated herein by reference in reliance on General Instruction G(3) to Form
10-K.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The information required under this Item will appear under the heading
"Certain Relationships and Related Transactions" in our proxy statement for our
2003 annual meeting of stockholders, which information is incorporated herein by
reference in reliance on General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K.
49
ITEM 14. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Within the 90 days prior to the filing date of this report on Form
10-K, we carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the
participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and
Senior Vice President of Finance (the principal financial officer), to determine
the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this
evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Senior Vice President of Finance
concluded that these controls and procedures are effective in their design to
ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or
submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed,
summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and
Exchange Commission's rules and forms, and that such information has been
accumulated and communicated to management, including the above indicated
officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding the required
disclosures. There have not been any significant changes in internal controls or
in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to
the date of this evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to
significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Report:
(1) Financial Statements
The financial statements filed as part of this Report are
listed on the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and
Financial Statement Schedule on page F-1.
(2) Financial Statement Schedules
Page
----
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts.......................... S-1
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the
required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.
(3) Exhibits
Exhibit
Number Description of Document
- ------- -----------------------
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger among Pegasus Communications
Corporation, Pegasus Holdings Corporation I and Pegasus Merger
Sub, Inc. dated as of February 22, 2001 (which is incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 2.3 to the 10-K of Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. (formerly named Pegasus
Communications Corporation) dated April 2, 2001).
3.1* Form of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of
Pegasus Communications Corporation.
3.2 By-Laws of Pegasus Communications Corporation (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 3.6 to the Annual Report on Form
10-K of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc. filed with the SEC
on April 2, 2001).
50
3.3 Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Relative,
Participating, Optional and Other Special Rights of Preferred
Stock and Qualifications, Limitations and Restrictions Thereof of
6-1/2% Series C Convertible Preferred Stock of Pegasus
Communications Corporation (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 3.8 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. filed with the SEC on April 2, 2001).
3.4 Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of Series D
Junior Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of Pegasus
Communications Corporation (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 3.9 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. filed with the SEC on April 2, 2001).
3.5 Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of Series E
Junior Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of Pegasus
Communications Corporation (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 3.10 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. filed with the SEC on April 2,
2001).
4.1 Indenture, dated as of July 7, 1995, by and among Pegasus Media &
Communications, Inc., the Guarantors (as this term is defined in
the Indenture), and First Fidelity Bank, National Association, as
Trustee, relating to the 12-1/2% Series B Senior Subordinated
Notes due 2005 (including the form of Notes and Subsidiary
Guarantee) (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
4.1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-4 of Pegasus Media &
Communications, Inc. (File No. 33-95042)).
4.2 Form of 12-1/2% Series B Senior Subordinated Notes due 2005
(included in Exhibit 4.1 above).
4.3 Indenture, dated as of October 21, 1997, by and between Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. (then named Pegasus Communications
Corporation) and First Union National Bank, as trustee, relating
to the 9-5/8% Senior Notes due 2005 (which is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Amendment No. 1 to the Form 8-K
dated September 8, 1997 of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc.
(formerly named Pegasus Communications Corporation)).
4.4 Form of 9-5/8% Senior Notes due 2005 (included in Exhibit 4.3
above).
4.5 Indenture, dated as of November 30, 1998, by and between Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. (then named Pegasus Communications
Corporation) and First Union National Bank, as trustee, relating
to the 9-3/4% Senior Notes due 2006 (which is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to the Registration Statement on Form
S-3 of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc. (formerly named
Pegasus Communications Corporation) (File No. 333-70949)).
4.6 Form of 9-3/4% Senior Notes due 2006 (included in Exhibit 4.5
above).
4.7 Indenture, dated as of November 19, 1999, by and between Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. (then named Pegasus Communications
Corporation) and First Union National Bank, as Trustee, relating
to the 12-1/2% Senior Notes due 2007 (which is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registration Statement on Form
S-4 of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc. (formerly named
Pegasus Communications Corporation) (File No. 333-94231)).
4.8 Form of 12-1/2% Senior Notes due 2007 (included in Exhibit 4.7
above).
4.9 Indenture, dated as of May 31, 2001, by and between Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. and First Union National Bank, as
trustee, relating to the 12-3/8% Senior Notes due 2006 of Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. (which is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 4.6 to Form 10-K of Pegasus Communications
Corporation filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
April 3, 2002).
51
4.10 Form of 12-3/8% Senior Notes due 2006 of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. (included in Exhibit 4.9 above).
4.11 Indenture, dated as of May 31, 2001, by and between Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. and First Union National Bank, as
trustee, relating to the 13-1/2% Senior Subordinated Discount
Notes due 2007 of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc.(which is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to Form 10-K of
Pegasus Communications Corporation filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission April 3, 2002).
4.12 Form of 13-1/2% Senior Subordinated Discount Notes due 2007 of
Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc. (included in Exhibit 4.11
above).
4.13 Indenture, dated as of December 19, 2001, by and between Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. and J.P. Morgan Trust Company,
National Association, as trustee, relating to the 11-1/4% Senior
Notes due 2010 of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc. (which is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.10 to Form 10-K of
Pegasus Communications Corporation filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission April 3, 2002).
4.14 Form of 11-1/4% Senior Notes due 2010 of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. (included in Exhibit 4.13 above).
4.15 Amended and Restated Voting Agreement, dated May 5, 2000, among
Pegasus Communications Corporation, Fleet Venture Resources, Inc.,
Fleet Equity Partners VI, L.P., Chisholm Partners III, L.P., and
Kennedy Plaza Partners, Spectrum Equity Investors, L.P. and
Spectrum Equity Investors II, L.P., Alta Communications VI, L.P.,
Alta Subordinated Debt Partners III, L.P. and Alta-Comm S By S,
L.L.C., and Pegasus Communications Holdings, Inc., Pegasus
Capital, L.P., Pegasus Scranton Offer Corp, Pegasus Northwest
Offer Corp, and Marshall W. Pagon, an individual (which is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K
of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc. (formerly named Pegasus
Communications Corporation) dated May 5, 2000).
4.16 Registration Rights Agreement dated May 5, 2000, among Pegasus
Communications Corporation, Fleet Venture Resources, Inc., Fleet
Equity Partners VI, L.P., Chisholm Partners III, L.P., and Kennedy
Plaza Partners, Spectrum Equity Investors, L.P. and Spectrum
Equity Investors II, L.P., Alta Communications VI, L.P., Alta
Subordinated Debt Partners III, L.P. and Alta-Comm S By S, L.L.C.,
and Pegasus Communications Holdings, Inc., Pegasus Capital, L.P.,
Pegasus Scranton Offer Corp, Pegasus Northwest Offer Corp, and
Marshall W. Pagon, an individual (which is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 8-K of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. (formerly named Pegasus Communications
Corporation) dated May 5, 2000).
4.17 Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of December 19, 2001, by
and among Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc., CIBC World
Markets Corp. and Bear Stearns & Co. Inc. (which is incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 4.14 to Form 10-K of Pegasus
Communications Corporation filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission April 3, 2002).
52
10.1 NRTC/Member Agreement for Marketing and Distribution of DBS
Services, dated June 24, 1993, between the National Rural
Telecommunications Cooperative and Pegasus Cable Associates, Ltd.
(which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-4 of Pegasus Media &
Communications, Inc. (File No. 33-95042) (other similar agreements
with the National Rural Telecommunications Cooperative are not
being filed but will be furnished upon request, subject to
restrictions on confidentiality, if any)).
10.2 Amendment to NRTC/Member Agreement for Marketing and Distribution
of DBS Services, dated June 24, 1993, between the National Rural
Telecommunications Cooperative and Pegasus Cable Associates, Ltd.
(which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-4 of Pegasus Media &
Communications, Inc. (File No. 33-95042)).
10.3 DIRECTV Sign-Up Agreement, dated May 3, 1995, between DIRECTV,
Inc. and Pegasus Satellite Television, Inc. (which is incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.30 to the Registration Statement
on Form S-4 of Pegasus Media & Communications, Inc. (File No.
33-95042)).
10.4 Credit Agreement dated January 14, 2000 among Pegasus Media &
Communications, Inc., the lenders party thereto, CIBC World
Markets Corp., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Canadian Imperial
Bank of Commerce, Bankers Trust Company and Fleet National Bank
(which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-4 of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. (formerly named Pegasus Communications
Corporation) (File No. 333-31080)).
10.5 First Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of July 23, 2001,
which amends the Credit Agreement dated January 14, 2000 among
Pegasus Media & Communications, Inc., the lenders party thereto,
CIBC World Markets Corp., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Canadian
Imperial Bank of Commerce, Bankers Trust Company and Fleet
National Bank, (which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 of Pegasus Communications Corporation's Form 10-Q for
the quarter ended June 30, 2001).
10.6 Second Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of November 13,
2001, which amends the Credit Agreement dated January 14, 2000
among Pegasus Media & Communications, Inc., the lenders party
thereto, CIBC World Markets Corp., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.,
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, Bankers Trust Company and
Fleet National Bank. (which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.6 to Form 10-K of Pegasus Communications Corporation
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission April 3, 2002).
10.7+ Pegasus Communications 1996 Stock Option Plan, as amended and
restated effective as of February 13, 2002 (which is incorporated
herein by reference to Appendix B to the definitive proxy
statement of Pegasus Communications Corporation filed with the
Securities Exchange Commission on May 9, 2002).
10.8+ Pegasus Restricted Stock Plan, as amended and restated effective
as of February 13, 2002 (which is incorporated herein by reference
to Appendix C to the definitive proxy statement of Pegasus
Communications Corporation filed with the Securities Exchange
Commission on May 9, 2002).
53
10.9+ Pegasus Communications Corporation Executive Incentive Plan (which
is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form
10-Q of Pegasus Communications Corporation dated May 17, 2001).
10.10 Agreement, effective as of September 13, 1999, by and among ADS
Alliance Data Systems, Inc., Pegasus Satellite Television, Inc.
and Digital Television Services, Inc. (which is incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10-Q dated
November 12, 1999 of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc.
(formerly named Pegasus Communications Corporation)).
10.11 Amendment dated December 30, 1999, to ADS Alliance Agreement among
ADS Alliance Data Systems, Inc., Pegasus Satellite Television,
Inc. and Digital Television Securities, Inc., dated September 13,
1999 (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to
the Registration Statement on Form S-4 of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. (formerly named Pegasus Communications
Corporation) (File No. 333-31080)).
10.12+ Executive Employment Agreement effective as of June 1, 2002 for
Ted S. Lodge (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
10.1 to Form 10-Q of Pegasus Communications Corporation filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2002).
10.13*+ Amendment No. 1 to the Pegasus Communications 1996 Stock Option
Plan (as amended and restated effective as of February 13, 2002),
effective as of September 1, 2002.
10.14*+ Amendment No. 2 to the Pegasus Communications 1996 Stock Option
Plan (as amended and restated effective as of February 13, 2002),
effective as of December 31, 2002.
10.15*+ Amendment No. 3 to the Pegasus Communications 1996 Stock Option
Plan (as amended and restated effective as of February 13, 2002),
effective as of December 31, 2002.
10.16*+ Amendment No. 1 to the Pegasus Communications Restricted Stock
Plan (as amended and restated effective as of February 13, 2002),
effective as of December 31, 2002 (included in Exhibit 10.14).
10.17*+ Amendment No. 2 to the Pegasus Communications Restricted Stock
Plan (as amended and restated effective as of February 13, 2002),
effective as of December 31, 2002 (included in Exhibit 10.15).
10.18+ Pegasus Communications Corporation Short Term Incentive Plan
(Corporate, Satellite and Business Development) for calendar year
2002 (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to
the Form 10-Q of Pegasus Communications Corporation filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2002).
10.19+ Supplemental Description of Pegasus Communications Corporation
Short Term Incentive Plan (Corporate, Satellite and Business
Development) for calendar year 2002 (which is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Form 10-Q of Pegasus
Communications Corporation filed with the Securities and exchange
Commission on August 14, 2002).
10.20+ Description of Long Term Incentive Compensation Program Applicable
to Executive Officers (which is incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit 10.4 to the Form 10-Q of Pegasus Communications
Corporation filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
August 14, 2002).
54
21.1* Subsidiaries of Pegasus Communications Corporation.
23.1* Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
24.1* Power of Attorney (included on Signatures page).
99.1* Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.
99.2* Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002.
- ----------------
* Filed herewith.
+ Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K.
On December 9, 2002, PCC filed a Current Report on Form 8-K dated
December 6, 2002 reporting that its board of directors approved a one for ten
reverse stock split of its Class A and Class B common stock, pursuant to
authorization obtained from its stockholders at their annual meeting held on May
31, 2002, and that the reverse stock split would become effective on or about
December 31, 2002.
55
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
By: /s/ Marshall W. Pagon
---------------------
Marshall W. Pagon
Chairman of the Board and
Chief Executive Officer
Date: March 31, 2003
POWER OF ATTORNEY
The undersigned directors and officers of Pegasus Communications
Corporation hereby appoint Marshall W. Pagon, Ted S. Lodge and Scott A. Blank or
any of them individually, as attorney-in-fact and agent for the undersigned,
with full power of substitution for, and the name, place and stead of the
undersigned, to sign and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, any and all amendments to this
report on Form 10-K, and exhibits to this report on Form 10-K, with full power
and authority to do and perform any and all acts and things whatsoever requisite
and necessary or desirable in connection with such matters, hereby ratifying and
confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or his substitute
or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, this report
has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and
in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
By: /s/ Marshall W. Pagon Chairman of the Board and Chief March 31, 2003
--------------------------------- Executive Officer
Marshall w. Pagon (Principal Executive Officer)
By: /s/ Joseph W. Pooler, Jr. Senior Vice President of Finance March 31, 2003
--------------------------------- (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
Joseph W. Pooler, Jr.
By: /s/ Ted S. Lodge Director, President, Chief March 31, 2003
--------------------------------- Operating Officer and Counsel
Ted S. Lodge
By: /s/ Robert F. Benbow Director March 31, 2003
---------------------------------
Robert F. Benbow
By: /s/ James J. McEntee, III Director March 31, 2003
---------------------------------
James J. McEntee, III
By: /s/ Mary C. Metzger Director March 31, 2003
---------------------------------
Mary C. Metzger
By: /s/ Robert N. Verdecchio Director March 31, 2003
---------------------------------
Robert N. Verdecchio
CERTIFICATION
I, Marshall W. Pagon, certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Pegasus
Communications Corporation.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which
such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period
covered by this annual report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial
information included in this annual report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and
cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in
this annual report;
4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for
establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and
have:
a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that
material information relating to the registrant, including its
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within
those entities, particularly during the period in which this
annual report is being prepared;
b) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure
controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to
the filing date of this annual report (the "Evaluation Date");
and
c) presented in this annual report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based
on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;
5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based
on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant's auditors and the
audit committee of the registrant's board of directors:
a) all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of
internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant's
ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data
and have identified for the registrant's auditors any material
weaknesses in internal controls; and
b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or
other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's
internal controls; and
6. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have indicated in this
annual report whether there were significant changes in internal
controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal
controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation,
including any corrective actions with regard to significant
deficiencies and material weaknesses.
March 31, 2003
/s/ Marshall W. Pagon
- ---------------------------
Marshall W. Pagon
Chief Executive Officer
CERTIFICATION
I, Joseph W. Pooler, Jr., certify that:
1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Pegasus
Communications Corporation.;
2. Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which
such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period
covered by this annual report;
3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial
information included in this annual report, fairly present in all
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and
cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in
this annual report;
4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for
establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and
have:
a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that
material information relating to the registrant, including its
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within
those entities, particularly during the period in which this
annual report is being prepared;
b) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure
controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to
the filing date of this annual report (the "Evaluation Date");
and
c) presented in this annual report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based
on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;
5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based
on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant's auditors and the
audit committee of the registrant's board of directors:
a) a) all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of
internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant's
ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data
and have identified for the registrant's auditors any material
weaknesses in internal controls; and
b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or
other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's
internal controls; and
6. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have indicated in this
annual report whether there were significant changes in internal
controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal
controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation,
including any corrective actions with regard to significant
deficiencies and material weaknesses.
March 31, 2003
/s/ Joseph W. Pooler, Jr.
- --------------------------------
Joseph W. Pooler, Jr.
Senior Vice President of Finance
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE
Page
----
Financial Statements:
Report of Independent Accountants........................................................ F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2002 and 2001............................. F-3
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the years ended
December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000........................................................ F-4
Consolidated Statements of Common Stockholders' Equity for the years ended
December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000........................................................ F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended
December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000........................................................ F-7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements............................................... F-8
Financial Statement Schedule:
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the years ended
December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000........................................................ S-1
F-1
Report of Independent Accountants
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
of Pegasus Communications Corporation:
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the index
appearing under Item 15(a)(1) on page F-1, present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of Pegasus Communications Corporation and its
subsidiaries (the "Company") at December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the results of
their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 2002 in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the
financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2)
on page F-1 presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth
therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial
statements. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the
responsibility of the Company's management; our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on
our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with
auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America, which
require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit
includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
As discussed in Note 4, effective January 1, 2002, the Company changed its
accounting for goodwill and other intangible assets pursuant to the provisions
of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142 "Goodwill and Other
Intangible Assets."
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Philadelphia, PA
February 20, 2003
F-2
Pegasus Communications Corporation
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share amounts)
December 31, December 31,
2002 2001
----------- -------------
Currents assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 59,814 $ 144,673
Restricted cash 9,222 9,987
Accounts receivable:
Trade, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $7,221 and $6,016,
respectively 27,238 34,744
Other 9,521 12,915
Deferred subscriber acquisition costs, net 15,706 15,194
Prepaid expenses 8,204 14,218
Other current assets 7,288 17,912
----------- -------------
Total current assets 136,993 249,643
Property and equipment, net 92,298 91,811
Intangible assets, net 1,740,388 1,902,249
Other noncurrent assets 141,109 132,128
----------- -------------
Total $ 2,110,788 $ 2,375,831
=========== =============
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long term debt $ 5,752 $ 8,728
Accounts payable 16,773 10,872
Accrued interest 35,964 27,979
Accrued programming fees 57,196 67,225
Accrued commissions and subsidies 40,191 45,746
Other accrued expenses 32,692 32,863
Other current liabilities 7,201 4,755
----------- -------------
Total current liabilities 195,769 198,168
Long term debt 1,283,330 1,329,923
Other noncurrent liabilities 45,731 78,375
----------- -------------
Total liabilities 1,524,830 1,606,466
----------- -------------
Commitments and contingent liabilities (see Note 19)
Redeemable preferred stocks (liquidation value at December 31, 2002: $214,985) 209,211 288,545
Redeemable preferred stock of subsidiary (liquidation value at December 31,
2002: $104,939) 96,526 183,503
Minority interest 2,157 1,315
Common stockholders' equity:
Class A common stock, $0.01 par value; 250.0 million shares authorized;
shares issued: 5,173,788 and 4,999,510, respectively; shares outstanding:
4,842,744 and 4,999,146, respectively 52 50
Class B common stock, $0.01 par value; 30.0 million shares authorized;
916,380 issued and outstanding 9 9
Nonvoting common stock, $0.01 par value; 200.0 million shares authorized - -
Additional paid in capital 1,146,788 1,006,325
Accumulated deficit (864,942) (711,314)
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of income tax expense of $616 - 1,005
Class A common stock in treasury, at cost; 331,044 and 364 shares,
respectively (3,843) (73)
----------- -------------
Total common stockholders' equity 278,064 296,002
----------- -------------
Total $ 2,110,788 $ 2,375,831
=========== =============
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
F-3
Pegasus Communications Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Year Ended December 31,
2002 2001 2000
---------- ---------- ----------
Net revenues:
DBS $ 864,855 $ 838,208 $ 582,075
Broadcast and other operations 36,918 33,709 35,433
---------- ---------- ----------
Total net revenues 901,773 871,917 617,508
Operating expenses:
DBS
Programming 387,849 359,879 247,068
Other subscriber related expenses 197,841 205,120 135,513
---------- ---------- ----------
Direct operating expenses (excluding depreciation and
amortization shown below) 585,690 564,999 382,581
Promotions and incentives 13,562 40,393 37,283
Advertising and selling 30,907 104,677 132,718
General and administrative 27,257 36,132 24,593
Depreciation and amortization 168,589 257,543 185,422
---------- ---------- ----------
Total DBS 826,005 1,003,744 762,597
Broadcast and other operations
Programming 13,577 12,561 13,957
Other direct operating expenses 7,008 7,686 6,372
---------- ---------- ----------
Direct operating expenses (excluding depreciation and
amortization shown below) 20,585 20,247 20,329
Advertising and selling 7,338 7,642 7,612
General and administrative 4,490 5,230 4,064
Depreciation and amortization 4,158 5,193 5,133
---------- ---------- ----------
Total other operations 36,571 38,312 37,138
Corporate and development expenses 18,185 20,707 14,058
Corporate depreciation and amortization 38,575 1,607 1,566
Other operating expenses, net 32,708 31,957 11,111
---------- ---------- ----------
Loss from operations (50,271) (224,410) (208,962)
Interest expense (145,395) (136,298) (122,102)
Interest income 907 4,907 15,245
Loss on impairment of marketable securities (3,310) (34,205) -
Other nonoperating income (expenses), net 2,797 (7,124) 602
---------- ---------- ----------
Loss before equity in affiliates, income taxes,
discontinued operations, and extraordinary item (195,272) (397,130) (315,217)
Equity in earnings (losses) of affiliates 865 14,324 (432)
Net benefit for income taxes (33,130) (116,943) (101,989)
---------- ---------- ----------
Loss before discontinued operations and extraordinary item (161,277) (265,863) (213,660)
Discontinued operations:
(Loss) income from discontinued operations (including gain
on disposal of $1,395 in 2002 and $87,361 in 2000), net of
tax benefit (expense) of $1,654, $6,580 and $(28,632),
respectively (2,698) (10,735) 60,392
---------- ---------- ----------
Loss before extraordinary item (163,975) (276,598) (153,268)
Extraordinary net gain (loss) from extinguishments of debt, net
of income tax (expense) benefit of $(6,341), $1,106, and
$3,526, respectively 10,347 (1,806) (5,754)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net loss (153,628) (278,404) (159,022)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Unrealized loss on marketable equity securities, net of income
tax benefit of $1,874, $5,042 and $7,340, respectively (3,057) (8,226) (11,976)
Reclassification adjustment for realized loss on marketable
equity securities, net of income tax of $1,258 and $12,998,
respectively 2,052 21,207 -
---------- ---------- ----------
Net other comprehensive (loss) income (1,005) 12,981 (11,976)
---------- ---------- ----------
Comprehensive loss $ (154,633) $ (265,423) $ (170,998)
========== ========== ==========
Basic and diluted per common share amounts:
Loss from continuing operations, including $31,491, $49,836,
and $41,080, respectively, representing accrued and deemed
preferred stock dividends and accretion $ (32.24) $ (56.16) $ (51.11)
Discontinued operations (0.45) (1.91) 12.12
---------- ---------- ----------
Loss before extraordinary item, including accrued and deemed
preferred stock dividends and accretion (32.69) (58.07) (38.99)
Extraordinary item 1.73 (0.32) (1.15)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net loss applicable to common shares $ (30.96) $ (58.39) $ (40.14)
========== ========== ==========
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding 5,979 5,621 4,984
========== ========== ==========
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
F-4
Pegasus Communications Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Common Stockholders' Equity
(In thousands)
Class A Common Class B Common
Stock Stock Treasury Stock
------------------------------ Accumulated ---------------
Number Number Additional Other Number Total Common
of Par of Par Paid In Accumulated Comprehensive of Stockholders'
Shares Value Shares Value Capital Deficit Income (Loss) Shares Cost Equity
------ ----- ------- ----- --------- ----------- ------------- ------ ---- -------------
January 1, 2000 1,522 $ 15 458 $ 5 $ 237,744 $ (273,888) $ - - $ (187) $ (36,311)
Net loss (159,022) (159,022)
Common stock issued
for:
Acquisitions 656 7 619,991 619,998
Investment in
affiliate 20 - 18,775 18,775
Exercise of
warrants and
stock options 139 1 3,231 3,232
Conversion of
preferred stock 7 - 3,048 3,048
Employee plans
and awards 6 - 2,096 - 239 2,335
Two-for-one
stock dividend 2,217 22 458 4 (26) -
Payment of
preferred stock
dividends 28 1 15,002 15,003
Issuance of
warrants and
options for:
Acquisitions 33,367 33,367
Investment in
affiliate 78,780 78,780
Dividends accrued
on preferred
stocks (35,161) (35,161)
Preferred stock
accretion (380) (380)
Compensation
related to stock
options issued 3,490 3,490
Unrealized loss on
marketable equity
securities, net
of income tax
benefit of $7,340 (11,976) (11,976)
Class A common
stock repurchased 2 (747) (747)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 2000 4,595 46 916 9 979,957 (432,910) (11,976) 2 (695) 534,431
Net loss (278,404) (278,404)
Common stock issued
for:
Subscribers
acquired 7 - 1,431 1,431
Exercise of
warrants and
stock options 11 - 1,258 1,258
Redemption and
conversion of
preferred stock 215 2 51,000 51,002
Employee plans
and awards 22 - 4,496 4,496
Payment of
preferred stock
dividends 148 2 20,763 297 21,062
Other 1 - 105 105
Dividends accrued
on preferred
stocks (45,085) (45,085)
Preferred stock
induced
conversion premium (6,032) (6,032)
Preferred stock
accretion (95) (95)
Compensation
related to stock
options issued 339 339
Preferred stock
original issue
costs written off
upon conversion
of preferred stock (1,117) (1,117)
Treasury stock
canceled in
reorganization (695) (2) 695 -
Unrealized loss on
marketable equity
securities, net
of income tax
benefit of $5,042 (8,226) (8,226)
Reclassification
adjustment for
realized loss on
marketable equity
securities, net
of income tax of
$12,998 21,207 21,207
Class A common
stock repurchased (370) (370)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 2001 4,999 50 916 9 1,006,325 (711,314) 1,005 - (73) 296,002
(continued on next page)
F-5
Pegasus Communications Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Common Stockholders' Equity (continued)
(In thousands)
Class A Common Class B Common
Stock Stock Treasury Stock
------------------------------ Accumulated ---------------
Number Number Additional Other Number Total Common
of Par of Par Paid In Accumulated Comprehensive of Stockholders'
Shares Value Shares Value Capital Deficit Income (Loss) Shares Cost Equity
------ ----- ------- ----- --------- ----------- ------------- ------ ---- -------------
December 31, 2001 4,999 50 916 9 1,006,325 (711,314) 1,005 - (73) 296,002
Net loss (153,628) (153,628)
Common stock issued
for:
Conversion of
preferred stock 57 - 7,729 7,729
Employee plans
and awards 60 1 1,320 680 2,001
Payment of
preferred stock
dividends 58 1 5,206 5,207
Dividends accrued
on preferred
stocks (32,331) (32,331)
Preferred stock
accretion (95) (95)
Deemed dividends
associated with
preferred stocks 1,572 1,572
Beneficial
conversion
feature recovered
upon redemption
of preferred stock (2,441) (2,441)
Net differential
recognized in
repurchases and
exchange of
preferred stock 162,192 162,192
Preferred stock
original issue
costs written off
upon conversion
and repurchases
of preferred stock (2,689) (2,689)
Unrealized loss on
marketable equity
securities, net
of income tax
benefit of $1,874 (3,057) (3,057)
Reclassification
adjustment for
realized loss on
marketable equity
securities, net
of income tax of
$1,258 2,052 2,052
Class A common
stock repurchased
and exchanged 331 (4,450) (4,450)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 2002 5,174 $ 52 916 $ 9 $1,146,788 $(864,942) $ - 331 $(3,843) $ 278,064
============================================================================================================
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
F-6
Pegasus Communications Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
2002 2001 2000
-------------- ------------- --------------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss $ (153,628) $ (278,404) $ (159,022)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided
by (used for) operating activities:
Extraordinary (gain) loss on extinguishments of debt (16,688) 2,912 9,280
(Gain) loss on derivative instruments (2,962) 4,160 -
Depreciation and amortization 216,311 270,615 202,504
Amortization of debt discount and deferred financing fees 26,408 24,393 16,906
Noncash incentive compensation 1,743 2,564 5,779
Loss on disposal of assets 459 5,314 5,148
Gain on sale of cable operations - - (87,361)
Equity in earnings of affiliates and minority interests (30) (14,077) (521)
Bad debt expense 23,809 36,511 14,531
Deferred income taxes (28,675) (123,876) (106,553)
Impairment losses recognized 5,788 34,205 -
Payments for broadcast programming rights (5,075) (4,629) (4,442)
Patronage capital programming expense offset (15,880) (17,544) (10,322)
Other 8,747 2,020 (3,243)
Change in current assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable (15,199) (48,220) (33,008)
Inventory 8,493 6,923 (5,144)
Deferred subscriber acquisition costs (31,086) (19,421) -
Prepaid expenses 6,226 (1,440) (7,274)
Taxes payable - (29,620) 29,620
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (3,929) 13,436 58,937
Accrued interest 7,985 (1,180) 11,129
Other current assets and liabilities, net (3,042) (713) -
----------- ----------- -----------
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities 29,775 (136,071) (63,056)
----------- ----------- -----------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired - (889) (152,715)
DBS equipment capitalized (26,431) (20,830) (12,209)
Other capital expenditures (4,610) (25,297) (34,231)
Purchases of guard band licenses - (3,689) (91,746)
Purchases of intangible assets (346) (10,041) (20,264)
Proceeds from sale of cable operations - - 166,937
Investments in others - - (14,643)
Other 973 - 450
----------- ----------- -----------
Net cash used for investing activities (30,414) (60,746) (158,421)
----------- ----------- -----------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from long term debt - 175,000 8,750
Borrowings on term loan facilities 63,156 - 275,000
Repayments of term loan facilities (3,065) (37,750) (19,000)
Net (repayments of) borrowings on revolving credit facilities (80,000) 8,000 (138,200)
Repayments of other long term debt (6,112) (7,585) (18,999)
Purchases of outstanding notes (25,468) - -
Purchases of preferred stock (23,345) - -
Redemption of preferred stock (5,717) - -
Debt financing costs (1,884) (9,423) (9,762)
Net proceeds from issuance of Class A common stock - - 3,232
Net proceeds from issuance of Series C preferred stock - - 290,422
Other (1,785) (1,113) 3,942
----------- ----------- -----------
Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities (84,220) 127,129 395,385
----------- ----------- -----------
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents (84,859) (69,688) 173,908
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 144,673 214,361 40,453
----------- ----------- -----------
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ 59,814 $ 144,673 $ 214,361
=========== =========== ===========
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
F-7
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. The Company
General
Pegasus Communications Corporation is a holding company. "We," "us,"
and "our" refer to Pegasus Communications Corporation together with its
subsidiaries. "PCC" refers to Pegasus Communications Corporation individually as
a separate entity. PCC's principal direct subsidiaries are Pegasus Satellite
Communications ("PSC"), Pegasus Development Corporation ("PDC"), Pegasus Real
Estate Company ("Real Estate"), and Pegasus Satellite Communications Holdings,
Inc ("PSC Holdings").
PSC is a holding company whose principal direct subsidiary is Pegasus
Media & Communications, Inc. ("PM&C"). PM&C's significant direct operating
subsidiaries are Pegasus Satellite Television, Inc. ("PST"), Golden Sky Systems,
Inc. ("GSS"), and Pegasus Broadcast Television, Inc. ("PBT"). PST and GSS
provide multichannel direct broadcast satellite ("DBS") services as an
independent provider of DIRECTV(R) ("DIRECTV") services in exclusive territories
primarily within rural areas of 41 states. DIRECTV is a service of DIRECTV, Inc.
PBT owns and/or programs broadcast television ("Broadcast") stations affiliated
with the Fox Broadcasting Company, United Paramount Network, The WB Television
Network, and CBS Television.
PDC owns and manages directly, or through investments in others,
certain intellectual property rights and actual and pending licenses. In
addition, PDC incurs costs associated with corporate initiatives that are in
their infancy of development that are considered to be development costs. Real
Estate holds nominal real estate property and operations primarily consisting of
the office building in which our corporate headquarters are located. PSC
Holdings is a holding company that holds certain nominal licenses.
PCC is controlled by Marshall W. Pagon, chief executive officer and
chairman of the board of directors of PCC, by virtue of the ownership of all
shares of PCC's Class B common stock by intermediate affiliates controlled by
Mr. Pagon. Because PCC's Class B common stock is entitled to 10 votes per share,
and its Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share, the Class B
common stock accounts for a majority of the voting power for matters upon which
all classes of voting stock vote together and not by class.
Significant Risks and Uncertainties
We have a history of losses principally due to the substantial amounts
incurred for interest expense and noncash depreciation and amortization.
We are highly leveraged. At December 31, 2002, we had a combined
carrying amount of debt and redeemable preferred stock outstanding of $1.6
billion. We dedicate a substantial portion of cash to pay amounts associated
with debt. In 2002, 2001, and 2000, we paid interest of $111.7 million, $113.2
million, and $94.1 million, respectively. We have also used cash to redeem and
purchase preferred stock (see Notes 6 and 7) and to purchase our common stock
(see Note 5) and debt (see Note 8).
Our high leverage makes us more vulnerable to adverse economic and
industry conditions and limits our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to,
changes in our business and the industries in which we operate. Our ability to
make payments on and to refinance indebtedness and redeemable preferred stock
outstanding and to fund operations, planned capital expenditures, and other
activities and to fund preferred stock requirements depends on our ability to
generate cash in the future. Our ability to generate cash depends on the success
of our business strategy, prevailing economic conditions, regulatory risks,
competitive activities by other parties, equipment strategies, technological
developments, level of
F-8
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
programming costs and subscriber acquisition costs ("SAC"), levels of interest
rates, and financial, business, and other factors that are beyond our control.
We cannot assure that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from
operations or that alternative financing will be available to us in amounts
sufficient to fund the needs previously specified. Our indebtedness and
preferred stock contain numerous covenants that, among other things, generally
limit the ability to incur additional indebtedness and liens, issue other
securities, make certain payments and investments, pay dividends, transfer cash,
dispose of assets, and enter into other transactions, and impose limitations on
the activities of our subsidiaries. Failure to make debt payments or comply with
covenants could result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived,
could have a material adverse effect on us.
We were scheduled to begin paying cash dividends on PSC's 12-3/4%
series preferred stock in July 2002. However, we did not declare the scheduled
semiannual dividend payable July 1, 2002 nor the one payable January 1, 2003 for
this series. Further, we have not declared the scheduled quarterly dividend
payable on our Series C preferred stock on and after April 30, 2002 or the
scheduled annual dividends payable January 1, 2003 for our Series D and E
preferred stocks. See Notes 6 and 7 for further information on the
nondeclaration of dividends on preferred stock.
We received notice in 2002 of redemption from holders for $5.0 million
of Series E preferred stock. However, we are not permitted nor obligated to
redeem the related shares while dividends on Series C preferred stock, which is
senior to this series, are in arrears. Under these circumstances, our inability
to redeem the Series E shares is not an event of default. In February 2003, the
remaining $5.0 million of Series E preferred stock became eligible for
redemption by holders. Also in February, 2003, $6.1 million of Series D
preferred stock became eligible for redemption by holders. However, shares of
this series also may not be redeemed while dividends on Series C preferred
stock, which is senior to this series, are in arrears.
We are involved in significant litigation. See Note 19 for further
information.
Reliance on DIRECTV, Inc.
Our principal business is the DBS business. For 2002, 2001, and 2000,
revenues for this business were 96%, 96%, and 94%, respectively, of total
consolidated revenues, and operating expenses for this business were 87%, 92%,
and 92%, respectively, of total consolidated operating expenses. Total assets of
the DBS business were 82% and 85% of total consolidated assets at December 31,
2002 and 2001, respectively. Because we are a distributor of DIRECTV, we may be
adversely affected by any material adverse changes in the assets, financial
condition, programming, technological capabilities, or services of DIRECTV, Inc.
Presently, we are in significant litigation against DIRECTV, Inc. (see Note 19).
An outcome in this litigation that is unfavorable to us could have a material
adverse effect on our DBS business.
DBS Sales and Distribution
We obtain new subscribers through several channels of distribution.
Marketing efforts related to subscriber acquisition focus on subscribers who are
less likely to churn and who are more likely to be interested in more expansive
and higher revenue generating programming packages and services, including local
and network programming, and the use of multiple receivers. In all channels
there is a significant emphasis on credit scoring of potential subscribers,
adding subscribers in markets where DIRECTV offers local channels, and adding
subscribers that want multiple receivers. These attributes provide significant
competitive advantages and are closely correlated to favorable churn
performance, cash flow generation, and ultimately returns on investment in
subscribers.
Many of the markets that we serve are not passed by cable or are passed
by older cable systems with limited numbers of channels. We actively market our
DIRECTV programming to potential
F-9
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
subscribers in these market segments as their primary source of television
programming. We believe that these market segments will continue to be a source
for new subscribers for us in the future.
We offer a variety of incentives to our subscribers, dealers, and
distributors. Incentives to subscribers consist of free or discounted prices for
DIRECTV programming, equipment needed to access the programming, and
installation of equipment that accesses the programming. Incentives in the form
of equipment subsidies, installation subsidies, commissions, and/or flex
payments are paid directly to dealers and distributors. Our incentives are
changed from time to time in accordance with certain business rules to reward
particular dealer behavior or to achieve a particular mix of sales offers.
Independent Retail Network. Our independent retail network consists of
dealer relationships. These dealer relationships include over 3,000 independent
satellite, consumer electronics, and other retailers serving rural areas. We
began the development of our retail network in 1995 in order to distribute
DIRECTV in our original DIRECTV exclusive territories in New England. We have
expanded this network into 41 states as a result of our acquisitions of DIRECTV
rural affiliates since 1996. Today, our retail network is one of the few sales
and distribution channels available to digital satellite service providers
seeking broad and effective distribution in rural areas throughout the
continental United States.
We have developed and are continuing to develop programs to make our
retail network more effective and valuable to us by eliminating dealers
associated with high churn subscribers, establishing eligibility requirements
for all of our consumer offers, and providing dealer incentive compensation
programs that reward dealers for the acquisition of better subscribers.
Dealers enroll subscribers to our DIRECTV programming, provide them
with equipment, and arrange for installation of the equipment. We create and
launch the promotions for our DIRECTV programming, equipment, and installations.
Once subscribers have been enrolled through this network, they contact us
directly to activate their programming.
In order to facilitate the acquisition of subscribers by our retail
network, we have entered into certain distribution arrangements with national
distributors (see Two Step Distributor Relationships below) whereby our dealers
can obtain DIRECTV equipment systems with certain equipment subsidies provided
by us.
Direct and Other Sales Channel. We have developed direct sales
capabilities to facilitate the acquisition of new subscribers via outbound
telemarketing, advertising and marketing driven inbound efforts, and other
direct strategies, and to reduce SAC. We directly enroll subscribers through our
direct sales channel and arrange for equipment delivery and installation through
certain distribution arrangements with third party service providers and
national distributors.
We intend to significantly increase the contribution to subscriber
acquisition from channels such as direct sales, community marketing, small
cable, multichannel multipoint distribution services, and other multichannel
video system subscriber conversions, regional consumer electronic outlets,
commercial establishments, and certificate based models. In these channels, we
can utilize our direct sales capabilities to facilitate equipment delivery and
installation through certain fulfillment arrangements with third party service
providers and national distributors (see Two Step Distributor Relationships
below). Once subscribers have been enrolled through these channels, they contact
us directly to activate their programming.
National Retail Chains. We also obtain subscribers to our DIRECTV
programming through national retail chains selling DIRECTV under arrangements
directly with DIRECTV, Inc.
F-10
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Two Step Distributor Relationships. In order to facilitate the
acquisition of subscribers via our retail network, our direct sales
capabilities, and alternate channels of distribution, we have entered into
certain distribution and fulfillment arrangements with national distributors.
Distributors purchase directly from manufacturers and maintain in their
inventory the equipment needed by subscribers to access our DIRECTV programming.
Distributors sell this equipment to dealers who, in turn, provide the equipment
to subscribers. Distributors directly charge the dealers for the equipment they
sell to them. Dealers enroll subscribers to our DIRECTV programming, provide
them with equipment, and arrange for installation of the equipment. Distributors
also drop ship to subscribers or arrange for equipment fulfillment to
subscribers obtained through our direct sales channel or through one of our
other alternate channels of distribution. For these channels of distribution, we
directly enroll subscribers and arrange for equipment delivery and installation
through distributors.
Currently, we obtain substantially all of our subscribers through one
of two consumer offers: Pegasus Digital One Plan or a Standard Sale Plan.
The Pegasus Digital One Plan. Under this plan, subscribers are provided
with equipment, consisting of one or more receivers, obtain DIRECTV programming
for a monthly programming fee, enter into an initial 12 month commitment secured
by a credit card, and enjoy the benefits of repair service without additional
cost (subject to certain conditions). All subscribers are credit scored prior to
enrollment, and consumer offers and dealer compensation are modified according
to the results. Under this plan, we have title to the receivers and remote
controls provided to subscribers. Subscribers who terminate service but do not
return equipment and access cards are assessed equipment and access card
nonreturn fees. Failure to comply with the 12 month commitment, including, in
some instances, suspension and discontinuance or downgrading of service, can
result in the imposition of cancellation fees intended to reimburse us in part
for our cost of special introductory promotional offers, equipment and
installation subsidies, and dealer commissions.
Standard Sale Plan. Under this plan, subscribers purchase equipment,
consisting of one or more receivers, and obtain DIRECTV programming for a
monthly programming fee. All subscribers are credit scored prior to enrollment,
and consumer offers and dealer compensation are modified according to the
results. We require most standard sale subscribers to make an initial 12 month
programming commitment. Failure to comply with the 12 month commitment,
including, in some instances, suspension and discontinuance or downgrading of
service, can result in the imposition of cancellation fees intended to reimburse
us in part for our cost of special introductory promotional offers, equipment
and installation subsidies, and dealer commissions.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The financial statements include the accounts of PCC and its
subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. All intercompany transactions and balances
have been eliminated. Investments in other entities in which we do not have a
significant or controlling interest are accounted for using the cost method.
Prior year amounts have been reclassified where appropriate to conform to the
current year classification for comparative purposes.
On December 6, 2002, our board of directors approved a one for ten
reverse stock split of PCC's Class A and B common stocks effective December 31,
2002. All applicable number of shares, including warrants and options, for
shares of common stock and per share amounts in the financial statements and
accompanying footnotes have been adjusted to reflect the reverse split. The par
value of the common stocks was not adjusted for the reverse split. Accordingly,
an appropriate par value dollar amount recorded has been reclassified to
additional paid in capital in all years
F-11
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
presented so that the reported par value dollar amount for the common stocks for
each respective year coincides with the adjusted number of shares reported for
that year.
Minority interest at December 31, 2002 and 2001 represents an interest
in a partnership that is a consolidated entity of GSS.
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles in the United States of America requires that we
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues,
expenses, assets, and liabilities and the disclosure of contingencies. Actual
results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates relate to
useful lives and recoverability of our long lived assets, including our
investment in the National Rural Telecommunications Cooperative ("NRTC"), and
intangible assets, amounts associated with barter transactions, NRTC patronage,
allowance for doubtful accounts, and valuation allowances associated with
deferred income tax assets.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include highly liquid investments purchased
with an initial maturity of three months or less. We have cash balances in
excess of the federally insured limits at various banks.
Trade Receivables and Related Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Trade receivables of our DBS business are primarily comprised of unpaid
subscriber billings for programming related services and applicable sales taxes
net of an estimated provision for doubtful (uncollectible) accounts. DBS
programming subscription services are generally billed month to month on a
staggered basis throughout the month and are billed in advance of services to be
rendered for the month. Since DBS subscription services are billed in advance,
outstanding billings are adjusted for amounts unearned in arriving at the amount
receivable at any period ending date. Pay per view DBS programming purchased is
billed as the related service is rendered. Estimates of the allowance for
doubtful accounts are based on an assessment of account collection experience
relative to the aging of the billings contained in the latest trade receivables
balance. The trade receivable balance is segregated into discrete categories
based on the amount of time the billings are past due. An uncollectible rate is
applied to each aging category based on our historical collection experience for
that category in estimating the amount uncollectible within that category. The
uncollectible rate increases the longer the aging category is past due. The
allowance is periodically reviewed for sufficiency relative to an evaluation of
the aging of the billings, and the allowance is adjusted accordingly, with an
offsetting adjustment to bad debt expense. Trade receivables are written off
after exhaustion of all reasonable collection efforts, with an offsetting
adjustment to the allowance for doubtful accounts.
Trade receivables of our Broadcast business are primarily comprised of
unpaid billings for advertisements aired by our stations net of an estimated
provision for uncollectible accounts. Broadcast advertisers are generally billed
for the advertisements after the advertisements have been aired. The trade
receivable balance is segregated into discrete categories based on the amount of
time the billings are past due. Estimates of the allowance for doubtful accounts
are based on our historical collection experience. The allowance is periodically
reviewed for sufficiency relative to an evaluation of the aging of the billings
or specific accounts identified for further evaluation, and the allowance is
adjusted accordingly, with an offsetting adjustment to bad debt expense. Trade
receivables are written off after exhaustion of all reasonable collection
efforts, with an offsetting adjustment to the allowance for doubtful accounts.
F-12
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
NRTC Patronage Distributions
PST and GSS are affiliates of the NRTC, a tax exempt organization that
operates on a nonprofit basis. The NRTC is a cooperative organization whose
members and affiliates are engaged in the distribution of telecommunications and
other services in predominantly rural areas of the United States. Throughout
each year, the NRTC bills its members and affiliates the costs incurred by it
under its agreement with DIRECTV, Inc., certain other costs incurred by the NRTC
relating to associated DBS projects, and margin on the costs of providing DBS
services pursuant to the NRTC member agreement for marketing and distribution of
DBS services. The most notable service that the NRTC provides to us is
programming related to the DIRECTV programming that we provide. We record as
expenses the amounts we pay to the NRTC. Members and affiliates that participate
in the NRTC's projects may be eligible to receive an allocation of the NRTC's
net savings (generally, amounts collected from NRTC members and affiliates in
excess of the NRTC's costs) in the form of a patronage distribution through the
NRTC's patronage capital distribution program. Generally, each patron who does
business with the NRTC receives an annual distribution composed of both
patronage capital certificates and cash. The patronage capital certificates
represent equity interests in the NRTC. The amount of the distribution is
generally based on the ratio of business a patron conducts with the NRTC during
a given fiscal year of the NRTC times the NRTC's net savings available for
patronage distribution for that year. Throughout each year, we accrue amounts we
estimate to receive from the NRTC, with an offsetting reduction to the expenses
that were recorded by us for costs incurred with the NRTC during the year. The
estimated cash portion of the distribution is recorded in accounts
receivable-other and the estimated capital portion is recorded as an investment
in the NRTC in other noncurrent assets. Distributions are received in the year
subsequent to the year that the accruals are made. Amounts previously accrued
are adjusted in the year that distributions are received with a like adjustment
to the related expenses in and for the year the distributions are received.
Based on past experience, we estimate that a majority of the patronage capital
distribution for 2002 to be made in 2003 will be tendered by the NRTC in the
form of patronage capital certificates. At December 31, 2002 and 2001, we had
accrued in accounts receivable-other $7.2 million and $9.3 million,
respectively, and our capital investment in the NRTC included in other
noncurrent assets was $66.2 million and $50.3 million, respectively. We have no
commitment to fund the NRTC's operations or acquire additional equity interests
in the NRTC. The reduction to programming expense, as adjusted for differences
between distributions received and amounts previously accrued, was $22.7
million, $44.8 million, and $16.5 million in 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.
Investment in Marketable Equity Securities
We have an investment in equity securities of a company that we hold as
available for sale. During 2002, the fair value of this investment decreased to
zero, which we believed was an other than temporary decline in fair value.
Accordingly, we recorded losses for the impairment losses realized on this
investment for the decline in the fair value, and our carrying amount of this
investment at December 31, 2002 was zero. Under existing accounting rules, we
are unable to record any increases in the fair value of this investment beyond
the present carrying amount.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost. The cost and related
accumulated depreciation of assets sold, retired, or otherwise disposed of are
removed from the respective accounts and, other than for DBS receivers, any
resulting gains and losses are included in results of operations. The group
depreciation method is employed for DBS receivers, because they consist of a
large number of homogenous units at relatively nominal per unit cost to us.
Under the group depreciation method, gains and losses resulting from disposals
are recorded in accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for repairs and
maintenance are charged to expense when incurred. DBS receivers provided to
subscribers that came from inventory and to which we retained title was
capitalized at its inventory carrying amount. We
F-13
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
ceased carrying such inventory in early 2002. DBS receivers delivered to
subscribers by our authorized dealers to which we take title is capitalized at
the amount of the subsidy we pay for the equipment. We have a process in place
to recover the receivers or the cost thereof from subscribers in the event
subscribers terminate their subscriptions.
Expenditures for major renewals and betterments that extend the useful
lives of the related assets are capitalized and depreciated. Depreciation is
computed for financial reporting purposes using the straight line method based
upon the estimated useful lives of the assets.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets are stated at cost. The cost and related accumulated
amortization of assets sold, retired, or otherwise disposed of are removed from
the respective accounts and any resulting gains and losses are included in
results of operations. Amortization of intangible assets is computed for
financial reporting purposes using the straight line method based upon the
estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over
the lesser of the lease term or life of the related asset to which the
improvement was made.
Impairment of Long Lived Assets
Impairment is the condition that exists when the carrying amount of a
long lived asset exceeds its fair value. For long lived assets that are not
depreciable or amortizable, an impairment loss is recognized for the excess of
carrying amount over fair value. For long lived assets that are depreciable or
amortizable, an impairment loss is recognized only when the carrying amount of
the asset exceeds its fair value and the carrying amount is not recoverable.
Long lived assets that are not depreciable or amortizable are tested for
impairment annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the asset might be impaired. Long lived assets that are
depreciable or amortizable are reviewed for impairment whenever events or
circumstances suggest the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Our long
lived assets that are not depreciable or amortizable consist of broadcast
licenses and goodwill. Our long lived assets that are depreciable or amortizable
primarily consist of property and equipment, intangibles consisting
predominately of DBS rights and various licenses, and programming rights.
Deferred Financing Costs
Financing costs incurred in obtaining long term financing are deferred
and amortized to interest expense over the term of the related financing. We use
the straight line method to amortize these costs. Deferred financing costs of
$23.0 million, net of accumulated amortization of $25.2 million, and $29.9
million, net of accumulated amortization of $18.2 million, were included in
other noncurrent assets at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively.
Broadcast Assets Sale/Leaseback Transaction
We retained a continuing interest in Broadcast assets that had been
sold and leased back. This sale/leaseback is accounted for under the financing
method in which we continue to record and depreciate the related assets and
defer the gain resulting from the sale portion of the transaction that would
have otherwise been recognized at the date of the sale. In accordance with
certain requirements of the financing method, lease payments for the assets
leased back are charged to interest expense. The amount of interest expense
recorded for the sale/leaseback assets was insignificant in each of 2002, 2001,
and 2000. The accounting of the sale/leaseback transaction under the financing
method will continue until our continuing interest in the related assets ceases.
F-14
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative financial instruments are utilized by us to reduce interest
rate risk. We do not hold or issue financial instruments for trading or
speculative purposes. We use interest rate swaps and caps to reduce the impact
of interest rate increases on our variable rate debt. All of the counter parties
to these contracts are major financial institutions. We are exposed to credit
loss in the event of nonperformance by these institutions, however, we do not
anticipate nonperformance by any of them. Notional amounts established for each
swap and cap are used to measure interest to be paid or received. We do not pay
or receive any cash for the notional amounts during the term of the contracts or
when the contracts terminate.
Under the swaps, we pay fixed rate interest to the counter parties to
the contracts at the rates specified in the contracts. In exchange, the counter
parties pay variable LIBOR interest rates to us as specified in the contracts.
Under the caps, we receive interest from the counter parties to the contracts
when the variable market rates of interest specified in the contracts exceed the
contracted interest cap rates. The effects of the swaps and caps are recorded as
adjustments to our interest expense. Premiums paid by us to enter into these
agreements are amortized to interest expense.
We measure our derivative financial instruments based on their fair
values, and recognize related assets or liabilities as appropriate in the
statement of financial position. The fair values of our interest rate swaps and
caps are determined by the counter parties. The fair values are measured by the
amount that the contracts could be settled at on any designated day. No cash is
exchanged on these assumed settlements, but we record gains for increases and
losses for decreases in the fair values between assumed settlement dates, which
occur on each calendar quarter end month. These gains and losses are recorded in
the period of change in other nonoperating income/expense as appropriate.
Revenues
Principal revenue of the DBS business is earned by providing our
DIRECTV programming on a subscription or pay per view basis. Standard
subscriptions are recognized as revenue monthly at the amount earned and billed,
based on the level of programming content subscribed to during the month.
Promotional programming provided to subscribers at discounted prices is
recognized as revenue monthly at the promotional amount earned and billed. No
revenue is recognized for promotional programming that is provided free of
charge. Revenue for pay per view is recognized at the amount billed in the month
in which the programming is viewed and earned. Fees that we charge new
subscribers for set up upon initiation of service are deferred as unearned
revenue and are recognized as revenue over the expected life of our subscribers
of five years. Equipment used by subscribers for our DIRECTV programming is an
integral component of this service. Accordingly, amounts that we charge for
equipment sold and installations arranged by us are deferred as unearned revenue
and are recognized as revenue over the expected life of our subscribers of five
years. No revenue is recognized for equipment and installations provided free of
charge.
Principal revenue of the Broadcast business is earned by selling
advertising airtime. This revenue is recognized when the advertising spots are
aired.
Subscriber Acquisition Costs and Advertising Incurred
SAC is incurred when we enroll new subscribers to our DIRECTV
programming. These costs consist of the portion of programming costs associated
with promotional programming provided to subscribers, equipment related
subsidies paid to distributors and applicable costs incurred by us, installation
costs and related subsidies paid to dealers, dealer commissions, advertising and
marketing costs, and selling costs. Promotional programming costs, which are
included in promotions and
F-15
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
incentives expense on the statement of operations and comprehensive loss, are
charged to expense when incurred. Promotional programming amounted to $2.1
million, $2.3 million, and $5.6 million in 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.
Equipment costs and related subsidies and installation costs and related
subsidies, which are included in promotions and incentives on the statement of
operations and comprehensive loss, are charged to expense when the equipment is
delivered and the installation occurs, respectively. Dealer commissions,
advertising and marketing costs, and selling costs, which are included in
advertising and selling on the statement of operations and comprehensive loss,
are charged to expense when incurred. SAC expensed as included in the
accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss was
$44.5 million, $145.1 million, and $170.0 million in 2002, 2001, and 2000,
respectively. These amounts exclude amounts capitalized or deferred, as
discussed below.
Under certain of our subscription plans for DIRECTV programming, we
take title to equipment provided to subscribers. Applicable costs and subsidies
related to this equipment are capitalized as fixed assets and depreciated. DBS
equipment capitalized during 2002, 2001, and 2000 was $27.0 million, $20.8
million, and $12.2 million, respectively. We also have subscription plans for
our DIRECTV programming that contain minimum service commitment periods. These
plans have early termination fees for subscribers should service be terminated
by subscribers before the end of the commitment period. Direct and incremental
SAC associated with these plans is deferred in the aggregate not to exceed the
amounts of applicable termination fees. Direct and incremental SAC is less than
the contractual revenue from the plans over the commitment period. These costs
are amortized over the minimum service commitment period of 12 months and are
charged to amortization expense. Direct and incremental SAC consists of
equipment costs and related subsidies not capitalized as fixed assets,
installation costs and related subsidies, and dealer commissions. Direct and
incremental SAC in excess of termination fee amounts is expensed immediately and
charged to promotion and incentives or advertising and selling, as applicable,
in the statement of operations and comprehensive loss. SAC deferred in 2002 and
2001 was $31.1 million and $19.4 million, respectively. Amortization of deferred
SAC was $30.6 million and $4.2 million for 2002 and 2001, respectively. No SAC
was deferred or amortized in 2000.
Total SAC expensed, capitalized, and deferred was $102.6 million,
$185.3 million, and $182.2 million in 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.
Total advertising expenses incurred for all of our operations were $6.4
million, $18.0 million, and $21.9 million for 2002, 2001, and 2000,
respectively.
Other Subscriber Related Expenses
Other subscriber related expenses include infrastructure costs billed
to us by the NRTC, expenses associated with call centers, bad debt expense,
franchise fees, and other expenses that vary with changes in our number of
subscribers served. Franchise fees represent payments made to the NRTC in
accordance with the NRTC member agreement for marketing and distribution of DBS
services. Fees are calculated based on certain revenues earned by us.
Broadcast Barter Transactions
Our Broadcast stations obtain programming for viewing from the networks
they are affiliated with, as well as from independent producers and syndicators.
Broadcast barter transactions represent the exchange of advertising time for
programming, except those involving the exchange of advertising time for network
programming. We do not report revenue or expenses for barter transactions
involving the exchange of advertising time for network programming. Barter
transactions are reported at the fair market value of the advertising time
relinquished. Barter programming revenue and the related programming expense are
recognized at the time that the advertisement is broadcast. For 2002, 2001, and
2000, $8.6 million, $6.6 million, and $7.1 million, respectively, related to
barter transactions were
F-16
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
included in revenue and programming expense of Broadcast and other operations in
the statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
Deferred Income Taxes
We account for deferred income taxes utilizing the asset and liability
approach, whereby deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recorded for
the tax effect of differences between the financial statement carrying values
and tax bases of assets and liabilities. Deferred income taxes are measured
using enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the underlying
assets or liabilities are expected to be received or settled. A valuation
allowance is recorded for a net deferred income tax assets balance when it is
more likely than not that the benefits of the net tax asset balance will not be
realized.
Computation of Per Common Share Amounts
Basic per share amounts are computed by dividing net income or loss
applicable to common shares by the weighted average number of common shares
outstanding during the periods reported. Dividends and accretion on preferred
stock and deemed dividends associated with preferred stock issuances,
conversions, and redemptions adjust, as appropriate, net income or loss and
results from continuing operations to arrive at the amount applicable to common
shares. Such amounts for 2002, 2001, and 2000 were as follows (in thousands):
2002 2001 2000
------- ------- -------
Accrued dividends on preferred stock ................ $32,968 $45,085 $35,161
Deemed dividends associated with preferred stock .... (1,572) 4,656 5,539
Accretion on preferred stock ........................ 95 95 380
------- ------- -------
$31,491 $49,836 $41,080
======= ======= =======
The weighted average number of common shares outstanding is based upon
the number of shares of Class A, Class B, and Nonvoting common stock outstanding
during the periods reported. Diluted per common share amounts give effect to
potential common shares outstanding during the periods reported and related
adjustments to the net amount applicable to common shares and other reportable
items. Basic and diluted per common share and related weighted average number of
common share amounts are the same within each period reported because potential
common shares were antidilutive and excluded from the computation due to our
loss from continuing operations. The number of potential common shares excluded
from the computation was 1.2 million, 1.3 million, and 1.1 million shares in
2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.
Stock Based Compensation
We account for stock options and restricted stock issued using the
intrinsic value method. The plans under which these are issued are fixed award
plans. Compensation expense with respect to stock options is recognized for the
excess, if any, of the fair value of the stock underlying the option at the date
of grant of the option over the exercise price of the option. Compensation
expense with respect to restricted stock is the fair value of the stock at the
date of award since the recipient does not pay anything to receive the stock.
F-17
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
The following table illustrates the estimated pro forma effect on our
net loss and basic and diluted per common share amounts for net loss applicable
to common shares if we had applied the fair value method in recognizing stock
based employee compensation (in thousands, except per share amounts):
2002 2001 2000
--------- --------- ---------
Net loss, as reported ...................................... $(153,628) $(278,404) $(159,022)
Add stock based employee compensation expense, net of
income tax, included in net income, as reported .......... 14 236 2,363
Deduct stock based employee compensation expense, net of
income tax, determined under fair value method ........... (3,560) (8,442) (10,280)
--------- --------- ---------
Net loss, pro forma ........................................ $(157,174) $(286,610) $(166,939)
========= ========= =========
Basic and diluted per common share amounts:
Net loss applicable to common shares, as reported ....... $(30.96) $(58.39) $(40.14)
Net loss applicable to common shares, pro forma ......... $(31.55) $(59.86) $(41.74)
Note 17 contains the assumptions used in developing the stock based employee
compensation expense under the fair value method used in the above table.
Accretion on Notes Issued at a Discount
For PSC's 13-1/2% senior subordinated discount notes due March 2007,
the discount from their full face value is accreted to interest expense and the
carrying amount of the notes over the discount period that ends with the date
that cash interest begins to accrue, at which time the carrying amount of the
notes will equal their full face value. For PM&C's 12-1/2% senior subordinated
notes due July 2005, the discount from their full face value is accreted to
interest expense and the carrying amount of the notes over the term of the
notes, as cash interest began to accrue from the date of issuance of the notes.
Dividends and Accretion on Redeemable Cumulative Preferred Stock
The carrying amount of our mandatorily redeemable cumulative preferred
stock is periodically increased by dividends not currently declared or paid but
which will be payable under the redemption or liquidation features. The increase
in carrying amount is effected by charges to additional paid in capital, in the
absence of retained earnings. Accrued dividends that are subsequently declared
and payable in cash are deducted from the carrying amount of the preferred stock
and classified as dividends payable in current liabilities.
Preferred stock issued at a discount from its full redemption amount
was initially recorded at the amount of the discounted cash proceeds or
consideration received. The difference between the carrying amount and the full
liquidation amount is accreted to additional paid in capital, in the absence of
retained earnings, and to the carrying amount of the preferred stock. The
accretion for the preferred stock is over the discount period that ends with the
date that the stock first becomes redeemable, at which time the carrying amount
of the stock will equal its full redemption amount.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of
credit risk consist principally of trade receivables, cash, and cash
equivalents. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables are
limited due to the large numbers comprising our subscriber and customer base and
their dispersion across varied businesses and geographic regions. At December
31, 2002 and 2001, no significant concentrations of credit risk existed.
F-18
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
New Accounting Pronouncements
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("FAS") No. 143 "Accounting
for Asset Retirement Obligations" addresses financial accounting and reporting
for obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long lived assets and
the associated asset retirement costs. FAS 143 is effective for fiscal years
beginning after June 15, 2002. Entities are required to recognize the fair
values of liabilities for asset retirement obligations in the period in which
the liabilities are incurred. Liabilities recognized are to be added to the cost
of the asset to which they relate. Legal liabilities that exist on the date of
adoption of FAS 143 are to be recognized on that date. We expect to finalize our
analysis in the first quarter 2003 in determining if any legal liabilities are
connected with any of our long lived assets. However, we believe that
liabilities, if any, recognized in accordance with this statement will not be
significant.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 145 "Rescission of FASB
Statements No. 4, 44, and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical
Corrections" is effective for fiscal years beginning after May 15, 2002. A
principal provision of FAS 145 is the reporting in the statement of operations
of gains and losses associated with extinguishments of debt. FAS 145 rescinds
the present required classification of extinguishments of debt as extraordinary.
Instead, FAS 145 states that extinguishments of debt be considered for
extraordinary treatment in light of already established criteria used to
determine whether events are extraordinary. For an event to be extraordinary,
the established criteria are that it must be both unusual and infrequent. Once
FAS 145 becomes effective, all debt extinguishments classified as extraordinary
in the statement of operations issued prior to the effective date of FAS 145
that do not satisfy the criteria for extraordinary treatment may not be reported
as extraordinary in statements of operations issued after that date. We have
extinguished debt a number of times in the past, and may do so in the future.
Regarding our debt extinguishments occurring prior to January 1, 2003 that are
properly reported as extraordinary under accounting standards in effect until
that time, we expect that they will not be events that qualify for extraordinary
treatment after that date. As a result, we believe that our extinguishments of
debt reported as extraordinary prior to January 1, 2003 that are included in
statements of operations after that date will not be reported as extraordinary
in those statements. Rather, these extinguishments will be reported as a
component of nonoperating gains and losses within continuing operations. We
believe that extinguishments of debt occurring after that date will be
classified similarly. We do not expect such a change in classification to have
any effect on our operations, cash flows, financial position, or covenants
related to our existing credit agreement and note indenture.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 146 "Accounting for
Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities" is effective for exit or
disposal activities initiated after December 31, 2002. FAS 146 requires
companies to recognize costs associated with exit or disposal activities, costs
to terminate contracts that are not capital leases, and costs to consolidate
facilities or relocate employees when they are incurred rather than at the date
of a commitment to engage in these activities as permitted under existing
accounting standards. FAS 146 is to be applied prospectively to the activities
covered by the statement that are initiated after December 31, 2002. We will
apply the requirements of FAS 146 when we engage in any of the covered
activities.
FASB Interpretation ("FIN") No. 45 "Guarantor's Accounting and
Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of
Indebtedness of Others" was issued in November 2002. The disclosure requirements
of this interpretation are effective for periods ending after December 15, 2002,
whereas the initial recognition and initial measurement provisions shall be
applied only on a prospective basis to guarantees issued or modified after
December 31, 2002. The interpretation elaborates on the disclosures to be made
by a guarantor about its obligations under certain guarantees that it has
issued. The interpretation also clarifies that a guarantor is required to
recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of
the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. The disclosure requirements
did not have a significant impact to us, and we will apply the recognition and
F-19
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
measurement provisions when we enter into any new guarantees or modify any
existing guarantees after December 31, 2002 that are addressed by FIN 45.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 148 "Accounting for
Stock-Based Compensation - Accounting and Disclosure" was issued in December
2002 and is an amendment of FAS 123. FAS 148 provides alternative recognition
transition methods for a voluntary change from the intrinsic method, like we
have been using, to the fair value based method of accounting for stock based
employee compensation. The transition methods available vary for transitions
occurring in years beginning before December 16, 2003 and those starting after
December 15, 2003. FAS 148 also requires more prominent disclosure about the
effects on reported net income of an entity's accounting policy decisions with
respect to stock based employee compensation and requires disclosure about those
effects in interim financial information. Previous to FAS 148, disclosures about
the effects of stock based employee compensation were only required in annual
financial information. Disclosure prominence is to be achieved by placing
certain disclosures related to stock based employee compensation in the summary
of significant accounting policies. The transition and disclosure in accounting
policies provisions are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15,
2002. Disclosures required for financial statements for interim periods are
effective for interim periods beginning after December 15, 2002. We have adopted
the provisions of FAS 148 effective with our 2002 year end reporting, and will
adopt the provisions applicable to interim reporting with our first quarter 2003
interim period. We did not experience any impacts on our financial position,
results of operations, or cash flows with respect to the provisions we adopted
for our 2002 year end reporting, and we do not expect any significant impacts on
these items when we adopt the interim period reporting provisions.
FIN No. 46 "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities" was issued in
January 2003. This interpretation clarifies the need for primary beneficiaries
of variable interest entities to consolidate the variable interest entities into
their financial statements. Variable interest entities are entities in which
equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial
interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its
activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties.
Certain disclosures therein about variable interest entities are effective for
financial statements issued after January 31, 2003. Variable interest entities
created after January 31, 2003 are to be consolidated by the primary
beneficiaries after that date. Variable interest entities created before
February 1, 2003 are to be consolidated by primary beneficiaries that are public
entities no later than the beginning of the first interim or annual reporting
period beginning after June 15, 2003. Based on our analysis of the requirements
of FIN 46, we believe that we are not the primary beneficiary of and do not hold
any significant interest in any significant variable interest entity that
presently require us to apply the provisions of FIN 46.
3. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment, along with the applicable estimated useful life
of each category, consisted of the following at December 31, 2002 and 2001 (in
thousands):
2002 2001
------------ -----------
Towers, antennas, and related equipment (7 to 20 years)................ $ 9,855 $ 10,198
Television broadcasting and production equipment (7 to 10 years)....... 23,492 24,219
Equipment, furniture, and fixtures (5 to 10 years)..................... 34,808 32,644
DBS equipment capitalized (3 years).................................... 56,280 33,039
Building and improvements (up to 40 years)............................. 26,338 26,249
Land................................................................... 6,114 6,372
Other.................................................................. 5,083 5,808
------- --------
161,970 138,529
Accumulated depreciation............................................... (69,672) (46,718)
------- --------
Property and equipment, net............................................ $92,298 $91,811
======= =======
F-20
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Total depreciation expense was $26.5 million, $15.3 million, and
$10.7 million for 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively. Depreciation expense
associated with DBS equipment capitalized was $16.3 million, $5.4 million, and
$3.9 million for 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.
4. Intangible Assets and Goodwill
On January 1, 2002, we adopted in its entirety Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 141 "Business Combinations." FAS 141, as well as FAS
142 discussed below, makes a distinction between intangible assets that are
goodwill and intangible assets that are other than goodwill. When we use the
term "intangible asset or assets," we mean it to be an intangible asset or
assets other than goodwill, and when we use the term "goodwill," we mean it to
be separate from intangible assets. The principal impact to us of adopting FAS
141 was the requirement to reassess at January 1, 2002 the classification on our
balance sheet of the carrying amounts of our goodwill and intangible assets
recorded in acquisitions we made before July 1, 2001. The adoption of FAS 141
did not have a significant impact on our financial position.
In the first quarter 2002, effective on January 1, 2002, we adopted in
its entirety Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142 "Goodwill and
Other Intangible Assets." A principal provision of the standard is that goodwill
and intangible assets that have indefinite lives are not subject to
amortization, but are subject to an impairment test at least annually. The
principal impacts to us of adopting FAS 142 were: 1) reassessing on January 1,
2002 the useful lives of intangible assets existing on that date that we had
recorded in acquisitions we made before July 1, 2001 and adjusting remaining
amortization periods as appropriate; 2) ceasing amortization of goodwill and
intangible assets with indefinite lives effective January 1, 2002; 3)
establishing reporting units as needed for the purpose of testing goodwill for
impairment; 4) testing on January 1, 2002 goodwill and intangible assets with
indefinite lives existing on that date for impairment; and 5) separating
goodwill from intangible assets. The provisions of this standard were not
permitted to be retroactively applied to periods before the date we adopted FAS
142.
We believe that the estimated remaining useful lives of our DBS rights
assets should be based on the estimated useful lives of the satellites at the
101 (degree) west longitude orbital location available to provide DIRECTV, Inc.
services under the NRTC/DIRECTV, Inc. contract. The contract sets forth the
terms and conditions under which the lives of those satellites are deemed to
expire, based on fuel levels and transponder functionality. We estimate that the
useful life of the DIRECTV, Inc. satellite resources provided under the contract
(without regard to renewal rights) expires in November 2016. Because the cash
flows for all of our DBS rights assets emanate from the same source, we believe
that it is appropriate for all of the estimated useful lives of our DBS rights
assets to end at the same time. Prior to the adoption of FAS 142, our DBS rights
assets had estimated useful lives of 10 years from the date we obtained the
rights. Linking the lives of our DBS rights assets in such fashion extended the
amortization period for the unamortized carrying amount of the assets to
remaining lives of approximately 15 years from January 1, 2002. As a result of
the change in useful life, amortization expense for DBS rights was $110.5
million in 2002 compared to $236.7 million in 2001. The lives of our DBS rights
are subject to litigation. See Note 19 for information regarding this
litigation.
We determined that our broadcast licenses had indefinite lives because
under past and existing Federal Communications Commission's regulations the
licenses can be routinely renewed indefinitely with little cost. Ceasing
amortization on goodwill and broadcast licenses had no material effect on our
results of operations. The adoption of FAS 142 did not have a significant effect
on our other intangible assets. Our industry segments already established equate
to the reporting units required under the standard. We determined that there
were no impairments to be recorded upon the adoption of FAS 142.
F-21
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Intangible assets, along with the applicable estimated useful life of
each category, consisted of the following at December 31, 2002 and 2001 (in
thousands):
2002 2001
---------- ----------
Assets subject to amortization:
Cost:
DBS rights (remaining life of 14 years at December 31,
2002)..................................................... $2,289,068 $2,259,231
Other (2 to 40 years) ...................................... 257,394 319,870
---------- ----------
2,546,462 2,579,101
---------- ----------
Accumulated amortization:
DBS rights.................................................. 752,396 624,115
Other....................................................... 69,153 52,737
---------- ----------
821,549 676,852
---------- ----------
Net assets subject to amortization................................. 1,724,913 1,902,249
Assets not subject to amortization:
Broadcast licenses............................................. 15,475 -
---------- ----------
Intangible assets, net............................................. $1,740,388 $1,902,249
========== ==========
Total amortization expense was $154.2 million, $245.4 million, and
$187.1 million for 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively. Most of the changes in
costs between 2002 and 2001 in assets subject to amortization was due to
reclasses between the categories and the reclass in 2002 for broadcast licenses
not subject to amortization in compliance with FAS 141 and FAS 142 requirements.
At December 31, 2002 and 2001, total goodwill had a carrying amount of
$15.8 million and was entirely associated with our Broadcast operations. Because
the carrying amount of goodwill is not significant, it is included in other
noncurrent assets on the balance sheet.
The estimated aggregate amount of amortization expense for each of the
next five years is $130.3 million, $130.3 million, $128.3 million, $125.6
million, and $124.9 million, respectively.
Loss before extraordinary items and net loss, each as adjusted for the
effects of applying FAS 142, for 2001 and 2000 were as follows (in thousands,
except per share amounts):
2001 2000
---------------------- ------------------------
Per Share Per Share
---------- ----------
Loss before extraordinary items, as adjusted...... $(204,582) $(45.26) $(101,215) $(28.55)
Net loss, as adjusted ............................ (206,388) (45.58) (106,969) (29.70)
A reconciliation of net loss, as reported in arriving at the net loss,
as adjusted for the effects of applying FAS 142 for 2001 and 2000 is as follows
(in thousands, except per share amounts):
2001 2000
---------------------- ------------------------
Per Share Per Share
---------- ----------
Net loss, as reported............................. $(278,404) $(58.39) $(159,022) $(40.14)
Add back goodwill amortization.................... 432 .08 423 .08
Add back amortization on broadcast licenses....... 407 .07 467 .09
Adjust amortization for change in useful
life of DBS rights assets...................... 71,177 12.66 51,163 10.27
--------- ------- --------- -------
Net loss, as adjusted ............................ $(206,388) $(45.58) $(106,969) $(29.70)
========= ======= ========= =======
F-22
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
5. Common Stock and Undistributed Earnings of 50% or Less Owned Entities
At December 31, 2002, PCC had three classes of common stock: Class A,
Class B, and Nonvoting. No shares of Nonvoting stock have been issued. Holders
of Class A and Class B are entitled to one vote per share and ten votes per
share, respectively. We have authorized shares of 250 million for Class A, 30
million for Class B, and 200 million for Nonvoting. On December 6, 2002, our
board of directors approved a one for ten reverse stock split of the Class A and
B common stocks effective December 31, 2002. The par value of the common stocks
was not adjusted for the reverse split. Accordingly, an appropriate par value
dollar amount has been reclassified to additional paid in capital to coincide
with the adjusted number of shares outstanding resulting from the reverse split.
Our ability to pay dividends on common stock is subject to certain limitations
imposed by our preferred stock and indebtedness.
During 2002, we purchased an aggregate of 181,310 shares of our Class A
common stock from unaffiliated parties for $1.9 million that we hold as treasury
stock. In 2002, we obtained another 149,734 shares in exchange for PSC's
preferred stock (see Note 7). The value attributed to the common shares obtained
in the exchange was $1.9 million.
The amount within accumulated deficit that represents undistributed
earnings of 50% or less owned entities accounted for under the equity method is
$14.8 million and $13.7 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively.
6. Redeemable Preferred Stocks
At December 31, 2002, we had the following preferred stock series
outstanding: 6-1/2% Series C convertible ("Series C"); Series D junior
convertible participating ("Series D"); and Series E junior convertible
participating ("Series E").
Redeemable preferred stocks consisted of the following at December 31,
2002 and 2001 (dollars in thousands):
2002 2001
------------------------------ ------------------------------
Carrying Carrying
Shares Amount Shares Amount
------------- ------------ ------------- ------------
Series B................. - - 5,707 $ 5,707
Series C................. 1,808,114 $185,811 2,650,300 259,438
Series D................. 12,500 13,000 12,500 13,000
Series E................. 10,000 10,400 10,000 10,400
-------- --------
$209,211 $288,545
======== ========
We redeemed the Series B junior convertible participating in March 2002
at a redemption price of $1,000 per share, plus accrued and unpaid dividends to
the date of redemption of $10 thousand. The redemption price and accrued
dividends were paid in cash. As a result of the redemption, $2.4 million of the
beneficial conversion feature previously recognized for this series when it was
issued was recovered as a negative deemed dividend. This negative deemed
dividend was included in determining the net loss applicable to common shares in
2002.
Series C Convertible
Each whole share of Series C has a liquidation preference equal to its
stated value of $100 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends, and is
convertible at any time at the option of the holder into approximately .157
shares of PCC's Class A common stock. This conversion ratio is subject to
adjustment under certain circumstances. Holders of shares of Series C are
entitled to receive, when, as,
F-23
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
and if declared by our board of directors, dividends at a rate of 6-1/2% payable
quarterly on January 31, April 30, July 31, and October 31 of each year.
Dividends are payable, at the option of PCC, in cash, shares of PCC's Class A
common stock, or a combination thereof. In the past, dividends for this series
have all been paid with shares of Class A common stock. Dividends on Series C
are payable on a cumulative basis when in arrears. In the event of liquidation,
Series C ranks senior to Series D and Series E, and senior to all classes of
PCC's common stock. PCC at its option may redeem shares in whole or part of
Series C any time on and after February 1, 2003 at premiums specified in the
certificate of designation for this series. Holders of Series C have no voting
rights other than those granted by law, except that holders voting as a class
are entitled to elect two directors to the board of directors in the event
dividends payable on the series are in arrears for six quarterly periods until
such arrearage is paid in full and concerning matters that affect the terms and
ranking of the series or amendments to PCC's charter that may adversely affect
their rights. Although the holders of Series C do not have the right to require
redemption under the terms of the certificate of designation, Series C is
considered to be redeemable because there may be situations in which redemption
of the series may be required that are not in our control.
At the discretion of our board of directors as permitted by the
certificate of designation for Series C, our board of directors has not declared
or paid any of the scheduled quarterly dividends for this series on and after
April 30, 2002. Dividends not declared accumulate in arrears until later
declared and paid. Dividends in arrears on Series C accrue without interest. The
total amount of dividends in arrears on Series C at December 31, 2002 was $8.8
million. An additional $2.9 million of dividends payable on January 31, 2003
were not declared or paid and became in arrears on that date. Unless full
cumulative dividends in arrears have been paid or set aside for payment, PCC,
but not its subsidiaries, may not, with certain exceptions, with respect to
capital stock junior to or on a parity with Series C 1) declare, pay, or set
aside amounts for payment of future cash dividends or distributions or 2)
purchase, redeem, or otherwise acquire for value any shares.
The decrease in the number of shares outstanding was due to a
combination of shares being converted and a series of purchases by us. In May
2002, 67,504 shares with a carrying amount of $6.9 million, including accrued
dividends of $110 thousand, were converted into 570,410 shares of Class A common
stock. The conversion rate used exceeded the conversion rate specified in the
series' certificate of designation. As a result, $869 thousand of the
consideration paid in the conversion was determined to be an inducement to the
holder of the Series C shares to convert and was treated as a deemed dividend.
This deemed dividend was included in determining the net loss applicable to
common shares for 2002. The original issue costs associated with the shares
converted of $216 thousand were charged to additional paid in capital. In a
series of negotiated transactions with unaffiliated holders in July 2002, we
purchased 774,682 shares with a carrying amount of $79.6 million, including
accrued dividends of $2.1 million, for $6.1 million in cash. The differential
between the carrying amount and the purchase price of $73.5 million was recorded
as an adjustment to additional paid in capital. Original issue costs associated
with the shares converted of $2.5 million were charged to additional paid in
capital. Shares of this series converted and purchased were canceled and
reverted to authorized but undesignated shares of preferred stock.
Series D and Series E
Each share of Series D and Series E has a liquidation preference equal
to its stated value of $1,000 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends. Each
share of Series D and Series E is convertible at any time at the option of the
holder into approximately 8.711 shares and 1.604 shares, respectively, of PCC's
Class A common stock, subject to adjustment under certain circumstances. Each
share of Series D and Series E is redeemable at the option of holders at a price
of $1,000 plus accrued and unpaid dividends. Commencing February 1, 2003, 6,125
shares of Series D became eligible to be redeemed by holders, and any remaining
shares outstanding may be redeemed by holders on and after February 1, 2004. All
shares of Series E are eligible to be redeemed by holders. PCC may at its option
redeem shares of Series D or Series E at any time at a price of $1,000 per
share. The preceding redemption prices are in
F-24
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
addition to any accrued and unpaid dividends. Holders of shares of Series D and
Series E are entitled to receive, when, as, and if declared by the board of
directors, dividends of 4% payable annually on January 1. Dividends on Series D
and Series E are payable, at the option of PCC, in cash or shares of PCC's Class
A common stock. Dividends on Series D and Series E are payable on a cumulative
basis when in arrears. In the event of liquidation, Series D and Series E rank,
to the extent of their respective liquidation preferences, junior to Series C
preferred stock, senior to all classes of PCC's common stock, and on a parity
with each other. Upon liquidation, holders of Series D and Series E are entitled
to participate with holders of PCC's common stock and other participating stock,
if any, in the remaining assets of PCC after certain other distributions have
been satisfied. Generally, Series D and Series E have no voting rights other
than those granted by law.
While dividends are in arrears on preferred stock senior to Series D
and Series E, our board of directors may not declare or pay dividends or redeem
shares for these series. Series C preferred stock is senior to these series.
Because dividends on the Series C preferred stock are in arrears, dividends
payable for these series on January 1, 2003 of $500 thousand and $400 thousand,
respectively, were not declared or paid and became in arrears on that date. We
received notice in 2002 of redemption from holders for 5,000 shares of Series E
preferred stock amounting to $5.0 million. This notice was received after
dividends on preferred stock senior to this series became in arrears. While
dividends on preferred stock senior to this series are in arrears, we are not
permitted nor obligated to redeem the related shares. However, under these
circumstances, our inability to redeem the Series E shares is not an event of
default. In February 2003, $6.1 million of Series D preferred stock and the
remaining $5.0 million of Series E preferred stock became eligible for
redemption by holders of the stocks.
7. Redeemable Preferred Stock of Subsidiary
PSC has 12-3/4% cumulative exchangeable preferred stock ("12-3/4%
Series") outstanding, of which there were 93,072 and 172,952 shares outstanding
at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Each whole share has a liquidation
preference of $1,000 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends. Dividends are
payable semiannually on January 1 and July 1, when declared, and are payable on
a cumulative basis when in arrears. Prior to January 2, 2002, PSC had the option
to pay dividends in like kind shares. After January 1, 2002, dividends became
payable in cash. Subject to certain conditions, the series is exchangeable in
whole at the option of PSC for its 12-3/4% senior subordinated exchange notes
due 2007. The exchange notes would contain substantially the same redemption
provisions, restrictions, and other terms as the preferred stock. At December
31, 2002, no stock had been exchanged for notes. At its option, PSC may redeem
the series in whole or part at redemption prices specified in the certificate of
designation for this series. On January 1, 2007, PSC is scheduled to redeem all
of the shares of the series outstanding at that date at a redemption price equal
to the liquidation preference per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends. The
series ranks senior to all other outstanding classes or series of capital stock
with respect to dividend rights and rights on liquidation.
At the discretion of our board of directors as permitted by the
certificate of designation for the series, our board of directors has not
declared any dividend after January 1, 2002. Dividends in arrears to
unaffiliated parties at December 31, 2002 were $5.9 million, with accrued
interest thereon of $438 thousand. An additional $5.9 million of dividends
payable on January 1, 2003 to unaffiliated parties were not declared or paid and
became in arrears on that date. Dividends not declared or paid accumulate in
arrears and incur interest at a rate of 14.75% per year until later declared and
paid. Unless full cumulative dividends in arrears on the 12-3/4% series have
been paid or set aside for payment, PSC may not, with certain exceptions, with
respect to capital stock junior to the series 1) declare, pay, or set aside
amounts for payment of future cash dividends or distributions or 2) purchase,
redeem, or otherwise acquire for value any shares.
F-25
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
The decrease in the number of shares outstanding resulted from our
purchases of 99,720 shares in negotiated transactions with unaffiliated parties,
net of 11,026 shares issued in like kind payment of the dividends payable
January 1, 2002 and reissuance of 8,814 shares previously purchased. We paid
$17.2 million in the purchase of the 99,720 shares that had an aggregate
carrying amount of $106.0 million, including accrued dividends of $6.2 million.
The differential of $88.8 million between the carrying amount of the shares and
the purchase price attributed to the shares was charged to additional paid in
capital. The 8,814 shares reissued were in exchange for 149,734 shares of PCC's
common stock held by an unaffiliated party that had a fair market value at the
date of the exchange of $1.9 million. The preferred shares were reissued with
cumulative dividends in arrears to the date of the exchange and interest thereon
aggregating $1.1 million. A discount of $8.0 million resulted in the reissuance
that will be amortized to the carrying amount of the shares and charged to
additional paid in capital over the remaining life of the shares that ends at
the date of their scheduled redemption in 2007.
8. Long Term Debt
Long term debt consisted of the following at December 31, 2002 and
2001 (in thousands):
2002 2001
-------- --------
Revolving credit facility of PM&C, interest is variable plus an applicable
margin; unpaid interest and principal due October
2004......................................................................... $ - $ 80,000
Term loan facility of PM&C, interest is variable plus an
applicable margin; unpaid interest and principal due April 2005.............. 269,500 272,250
12-1/2% senior subordinated notes of PM&C due July 2005, net of
unamortized discount of $813 thousand and $1.4 million,
respectively................................................................. 67,082 83,578
Incremental term loan facility of PM&C, interest is variable plus
an applicable margin; unpaid interest and principal due July 2005............ 62,841
9-5/8% senior notes of PSC due October 2005.................................. 115,000 115,000
12-3/8% senior notes of PSC due August 2006.................................. 195,000 195,000
9-3/4% senior notes of PSC due December 2006................................. 100,000 100,000
13-1/2% senior subordinated discount notes of PSC due March
2007, net of unamortized discount of $22.7 million and $47.5
million, respectively........................................................ 138,515 145,551
12-1/2% senior notes of PSC due August 2007.................................. 155,000 155,000
11-1/4% senior notes of PSC due January 2010................................. 175,000 175,000
Mortgage payable due 2010, interest at 9.25%................................. 8,470 8,580
Other notes, due 2003 to 2004, stated interest up to 8%...................... 2,674 8,676
Capital leases............................................................... - 16
---------- ----------
1,289,082 1,338,651
Less current maturities...................................................... 5,752 8,728
---------- ----------
Long term debt............................................................... $1,283,330 $1,329,923
========== ==========
Long Term Debt of PM&C
The 12-1/2% senior subordinated notes due July 2005 are unconditionally
guaranteed on an unsecured senior subordinated basis, jointly and severally by
specified subsidiaries of PM&C. The notes are general unsecured obligations that
are subordinated to other senior indebtedness of PM&C such as, among other
things, amounts outstanding under its credit agreement. PM&C presently has the
option to
F-26
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
redeem the notes at prices specified in the indenture for these notes. Interest
on the notes are payable semiannually on January 1 and July 1.
PM&C has a credit agreement that provides a revolving credit facility,
a term loan facility, and an incremental term loan facility. Amounts outstanding
under the agreement are senior to other indebtedness. Amounts borrowed under the
agreement are collateralized by substantially all of the assets of PM&C and its
subsidiaries. The agreement contains certain financial covenants. For each
facility, PM&C has the option of selecting the applicable interest rate, between
either the lender's base rate plus an applicable margin or LIBOR plus an
applicable margin. Interest on outstanding principal borrowed under base rates
is due and payable quarterly and interest on outstanding principal borrowed
under LIBOR rates is due and payable the earlier of the end of the contracted
interest rate period or three months.
The borrowing commitment under the revolving facility automatically and
permanently reduces quarterly over the term of the facility. At December 31,
2002, the commitment was $168.8 million. The commitment for this facility is
scheduled to be further reduced on a permanent basis quarterly by $14.1 million
in 2003 and $28.1 million in 2004. Principal amounts outstanding in excess of
the reduced commitment are to be repaid on each commitment reduction date. All
unpaid principal and interest outstanding under this facility are due October
31, 2004. Unused amounts under this facility are subject to a commitment fee at
either .5% or .75% based on the aggregate of borrowings outstanding and letters
of credit issued under the facility. Amounts repaid under this facility may be
reborrowed, subject to the available borrowing commitment. Availability under
this facility, net of outstanding letters of credit of $60.1 million and other
insignificant adjustments, was $108.5 million at December 31, 2002. The letters
of credit have not been drawn upon through December 31, 2002. Margins for this
facility range 1% to 2% for base rates and 2% to 3% for LIBOR rates.
Determination of the applicable margin is based on a computation specified in
the agreement. Amounts borrowed under this facility during 2002 were repaid
within 2002. The weighted average variable rate of interest including applicable
margins on principal outstanding under this facility at December 31, 2001 was
6.25%.
Principal outstanding under the term loan facility is payable quarterly
in increasing increments over the term of the facility. Principal scheduled to
be repaid for this facility is $2.8 million, $138.9 million, and $127.9 million
in 2003, 2004, and 2005, respectively. All unpaid principal and interest
outstanding under this facility are due April 30, 2005. No further funds are
available to be borrowed under this facility, and principal repaid under this
facility may not be reborrowed. Margins on this facility are 2.5% for base rates
and 3.5% for LIBOR rates. The weighted average variable rates of interest
including applicable margins on principal outstanding under this facility were
5.31% at December 31, 2002 and 5.44% at December 31, 2001.
We borrowed $63.2 million under the incremental term loan facility in
June 2002. No further funds are available to be borrowed under this facility,
and principal repaid under this facility may not be reborrowed. Principal
outstanding under this facility is payable quarterly in increasing increments
over the term of the facility. Principal scheduled to be repaid for this
facility is $632 thousand, $16.2 million, and $45.9 million in 2003, 2004, and
2005, respectively. All unpaid principal and interest outstanding under this
facility are due July 31, 2005. Margins on this facility are 2.5% for base rates
and 3.5% for LIBOR rates. The weighted average rate of interest including
applicable margins on principal outstanding under this facility was 5.31% at
December 31, 2002.
Long Term Debt of PSC
PSC's 9-5/8% senior notes due October 2005, 9-3/4% senior notes due
December 2006, and 12-1/2% senior notes due August 2007 are effectively
subordinated to all liabilities of our subsidiaries and are on parity
F-27
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
with other senior indebtedness of PSC. PSC presently has the option to redeem
the 9-5/8% notes and 9-3/4% notes, and can redeem at its option the 12-1/2%
notes beginning on August 1, 2003, each at prices specified in the indenture for
each respective note. Interest is payable semiannually on April 15 and October
15 for the 9-5/8% notes, June 1 and December 1 for the 9-3/4% notes, and
February 1 and August 1 for the 12-1/2% notes.
The 12-3/8% senior notes due August 2006 and 11-1/4% senior notes due
January 2010 are unsecured senior obligations. They rank senior to subordinated
indebtedness of PSC and rank equally in right of payment with its other senior
indebtedness. The 13-1/2% senior subordinated discount notes due March 2007 are
unsecured senior subordinated obligations and are subordinated in right of
payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of PSC. The discount on
the 13-1/2% notes will be fully amortized at March 1, 2004, at which time cash
interest begins to accrue. Each of these series of notes rank junior to the
indebtedness of our subsidiaries, including their subordinated indebtedness. PSC
has the option to redeem any or all of the 12-3/8% notes commencing August 1,
2003 and the 13-1/2% notes commencing March 1, 2004, each at prices specified in
their respective indentures. PSC has the option to redeem 35% of the 11-1/4%
notes prior to January 15, 2005 at a price of 111.25% of their face amount, plus
accrued interest, with the net proceeds of certain equity offerings. Otherwise,
PSC can redeem any or all of the 11-1/4% notes anytime on and after January 15,
2006 at prices specified in the indenture for the notes. Subject to certain
exceptions described in the indenture, PSC must offer to repurchase each of
these notes if certain assets of PSC or its restricted subsidiaries are sold or
if changes in control specified in the indentures occur with respect to PSC, its
subsidiaries, or PCC. Interest is payable semiannually on February 1 and August
1 for the 12-3/8% notes, March 1 and September 1 for the 13-1/2% notes after
cash interest begins to accrue, and January 15 and July 15 for the 11-1/4%
notes.
Additional Information on Long Term Debt
The indentures for each of the notes and the credit agreement of PM&C
generally limit the ability of the issuing companies and their respective
subsidiaries in varying degrees to, among other things, sell assets, incur
additional indebtedness and create liens, issue or sell other securities, make
certain payments, including dividends and investments, transfer cash, engage in
certain transactions with affiliates, and merge or consolidate.
In 2002, PSC purchased $31.9 million in maturity value of its 13-1/2%
senior subordinated discount notes due March 2007 and $17.1 million in maturity
value of PM&C's 12-1/2% senior subordinated notes due July 2005 in negotiated
transactions with unaffiliated holders. The aggregate amount paid for the notes
was $25.5 million, and the aggregate carrying amount of the notes at the dates
of purchase was $42.2 million, net of associated unamortized discount and
deferred financing fees. As a result, a net gain of $10.3 million, net of income
tax of $6.3 million, was recognized as extraordinary net gain from
extinguishments of debt on the statement of operations and comprehensive loss.
In 2001 and 2000, we wrote off unamortized balances of deferred
financing costs associated with debt repaid and credit agreements terminated in
each year in the amount of $1.8 million, net of income tax of $1.1 million, and
$5.8 million, net of income tax of $3.5 million, respectively. These amounts
were charged to extraordinary loss from extinguishments of debt.
Aggregate commitment fees incurred under all credit facilities
outstanding in the respective periods were $910 thousand, $999 thousand, and
$1.6 million for 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.
Scheduled maturities of long term debt at their stated maturity values
and repayment of principal outstanding under all credit facilities based on
amounts outstanding at December 31, 2002 for the next five years were $5.8
million in 2003, $155.7 million in 2004, $356.9 million in 2005, $295.2 million
in 2006, and $316.4 million in 2007.
F-28
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
9. Leases
We lease certain buildings, vehicles, and various types of equipment
through separate operating lease agreements. The operating leases expire at
various dates through 2007. Rent expense for 2002, 2001, and 2000 was $2.9
million, $3.5 million, and $3.1 million, respectively. At December 31, 2002,
minimum lease payments on noncancellable operating leases scheduled for the next
five years were $2.9 million in 2003, $2.4 million in 2004, $2.4 million in
2005, $1.9 million in 2006, and $556 thousand in 2007. At December 31, 2002, no
operating lease payments are scheduled beyond 2007. At December 31, 2002,
minimum lease payments associated with assets subject to sale/leaseback
scheduled for the next five years were $812 thousand in 2003, $845 thousand in
2004, $878 thousand in 2005, $914 thousand in 2006, $950 thousand in 2007, and
$2.6 million thereafter. Leases for property subject to sale/leaseback are
scheduled to expire in 2010. We had no capital leases at December 31, 2002.
10. Other Operating Expenses
Other operating expenses for 2002, 2001, and 2000 included expenses
associated with our litigation with DIRECTV, Inc. and patent infringement
litigation of $15.8 million, $21.4 million, and $2.9 million, respectively. See
Note 19 for information concerning this litigation.
11. Impairments
During 2002, we determined that our sole investment in the equity
securities of another company had incurred an other than temporary decline in
market value to zero. Accordingly, we wrote down the carrying amount of our
investment to zero and charged earnings in the amount of $3.3 million for the
impairment loss realized. In connection with the realization of this impairment,
we reclassified $2.1 million, net of income tax of $1.3 million, from other
comprehensive (loss) income to recognize the previously accumulated net
unrealized losses. We recorded an impairment loss of $34.2 million on this
investment in 2001, and reclassified $21.2 million, net of income tax of $13.0
million, to recognize the previously accumulated net unrealized losses at that
time.
During 2002, we recognized an impairment loss of $2.5 million
associated with programming rights of our Broadcast operations. This loss is
contained within other operating expenses on the statement of operations and
comprehensive loss. The fair value of the affected programming rights and the
impairment and amount of the loss were based upon the present value of the
expected cash flows associated with the related programming agreements that
provide the rights.
F-29
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
12. Income Taxes
Following is a summary of income taxes for 2002, 2001, and 2000 (in
thousands):
2002 2001 2000
--------- --------- ---------
State and local - current expense (benefit) ................... $ 232 $ (753) $ 1,670
-------- --------- ---------
Federal - deferred:
Effects of net operating loss carryforwards ................ (45,209) (78,635) (56,576)
Other ...................................................... 11,847 (37,555) (47,083)
-------- --------- ---------
Total federal deferred ..................................... (33,362) (116,190) (103,659)
-------- --------- ---------
Net benefit attributable to continuing operations ............. (33,130) (116,943) (101,989)
Income taxes associated with other items:
Deferred (benefit) expense for discontinued operations ..... (1,654) (6,580) 632
Deferred expense (benefit) for extinguishment of debt ...... 6,341 (1,106) (3,526)
Deferred benefit for unrealized loss on marketable
equity securities ......................................... (1,874) (5,042) (7,340)
Deferred tax associated with reclassification of
realized loss on marketable equity securities ............. 1,258 12,998 -
-------- --------- ---------
Total income tax benefit recorded .......................... $(29,059) $(116,673) $(112,223)
======== ========= =========
Following were the deferred income tax assets and liabilities at
December 31, 2002 and 2001 (in thousands):
2002 2001
-------- --------
Deferred tax assets:
Current assets and liabilities ............................................. $ 4,454 $ 2,286
Excess of tax basis over book basis in marketable equity securities ........ 27,378 25,745
Excess of tax basis over book basis - other ................................ 454 1,581
Loss carryforwards ......................................................... 375,603 328,165
-------- --------
Total assets ........................................................... 407,889 357,777
-------- --------
Deferred tax liabilities:
Excess of book basis over tax basis of property and equipment .............. (2,987) (5,411)
Excess of book basis over tax basis of amortizable intangible assets ....... (362,360) (381,659)
-------- --------
Total liabilities ...................................................... (365,347) (387,070)
-------- --------
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) ......................................... 42,542 (29,293)
Valuation allowance ........................................................... (42,542) -
-------- --------
Net deferred tax liabilities .................................................. $ - $(29,293)
======== ========
We felt a valuation allowance was necessary at December 31, 2002
because, based on our history of losses, it was more likely than not that the
benefits of this net tax asset balance would not be realized.
At December 31, 2002, we had net operating loss carryforwards for
income tax purposes of $988.4 million available to offset future taxable income
that expire beginning 2003 through 2022.
Following is a reconciliation of the federal statutory income tax rate
to our effective income tax rate attributable to continuing operations for 2002,
2001, and 2000:
2002 2001 2000
------ ------ ------
Statutory rate....................................... 35.00% 35.00% 35.00%
Effect of valuation allowance........................ (23.37) - -
Other................................................ 4.12 (4.26) (2.33)
------ ------ ------
Effective tax rate................................... 15.75% 30.74% 32.67%
====== ====== ======
F-30
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
13. Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Following are significant noncash investing and financing activities
for 2002, 2001, and 2000 (in thousands):
2002 2001 2000
------ ------ ------
Preferred stock dividends, accrued and deemed, and accretion on preferred
stock with reduction of additional paid in capital.......................... $31,491 $49,836 $ 41,080
Payment of 12-3/4% series preferred stock dividends with like kind shares... 11,026 20,109 17,771
Payment of other preferred stock dividends with Class A common stock newly
issued and from treasury.................................................... 5,207 21,062 15,003
Redemption and conversion of preferred stock with issuance of Class A
common stock................................................................ 7,729 51,002 -
Net adjustment in other comprehensive (loss) income, net of related
deferred taxes.............................................................. (1,005) 12,981 (11,976)
Capital issued and related investment in affiliates......................... - - 97,555
Marketable securities received in sale of tower assets...................... - - 37,516
Capital issued and related acquisition of intangibles....................... - - 693,620
Debt assumed or issued and related acquisition of intangibles............... - - 379,773
Deferred taxes, net and related acquisition of intangibles.................. - - 259,062
For 2002, 2001, and 2000, we paid cash interest of $111.7 million,
$113.2 million, and $94.1 million, respectively. We paid no federal income taxes
in 2002, 2001, and 2000. The amount paid for state income taxes was not
significant in each of 2002, 2001, and 2000.
14. Acquisitions
In May 2000, we acquired Golden Sky Holdings ("GSH") in a transaction
accounted for as a purchase. The total consideration for the acquisition was
$1.2 billion. The merger consideration included $293.7 million of GSH
consolidated net liabilities, including a deferred income tax asset of $89.3
million principally for GSH's cumulative consolidated income tax net operating
loss carryforwards existing at the acquisition date. Also included in the
consideration was a deferred income tax liability of $421.3 million principally
for the excess of the book basis over the income tax basis of the amount of DBS
rights assets existing at the acquisition date. Of the total acquisition cost,
$1.0 billion was allocated to the DBS rights assets, net of $94.1 million for
the effect of our consolidated deferred income tax valuation allowances no
longer required in association with the merger.
During 2000, we completed 19 other acquisitions of independent
providers of DIRECTV. These acquisitions principally consisted of the rights to
provide DIRECTV programming in various rural areas of the United States. The
total consideration for these acquisitions of $232.6 million consisted of cash
of $131.6 million, common and preferred stocks and warrants to purchase common
stock of PCC with an aggregate value of $73.5 million, a deferred tax liability
incurred of $24.4 million, $200 thousand in promissory notes, and $2.9 million
in assumed net liabilities. These acquisitions were accounted for by the
purchase method, wherein substantially all of the total consideration for these
acquisitions was allocated to DBS rights.
15. Discontinued Operations
In September 2000, we sold to an unrelated third party all of our
interests in the assets of the cable operations in Puerto Rico. The sale price
was $170.0 million in cash, and the net cash proceeds of the sale were $164.5
million. The gain on the sale was $59.4 million, net of currently payable Puerto
F-31
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Rico capital gains and withholding taxes of $28.0 million. Net revenues and
pretax income of the cable operations for 2000 were $18.1 million and $1.7
million, respectively.
At December 31, 2002, we had entered into a definitive agreement to
sell our Mobile, Alabama broadcast television station to an unaffiliated party
for $11.5 million in cash. We completed the sale in March 2003. Accordingly, we
classified the operations of this station as discontinued for 2002 and 2001.
There were no operations for this station in 2000. Assets and liabilities
associated with the station are not significant to our financial position and
are included with other current and noncurrent assets and liabilities as
appropriate.
In August 2002, we sold the subscribers and equipment inventory for our
Pegasus Express two way satellite internet access business to an unaffiliated
party. The cash proceeds were $1.4 million for the subscribers and $2.6 million
for the equipment. With the sale of the subscribers and equipment, we no longer
operated the Pegasus Express business and, accordingly, have classified this
business as discontinued for 2002 and 2001. There were no operations for this
business in 2000.
Aggregate revenues and pretax loss of discontinued operations were as
follows (in thousands):
2002 2001
------------- ------------
Revenues $ 3,853 $ 1,862
Pretax loss (4,352) (17,326)
Included in the pretax amount for 2002 is a loss of $837 thousand on the Pegasus
Express equipment inventory sold and an aggregate loss of $847 thousand for
other assets associated with the Pegasus Express business that were written off
because they had no use outside of the business.
16. Financial Instruments
The carrying and fair values of our long term debt and redeemable
preferred stock at December 31, 2002 and 2001 were as follows (in thousands):
2002 2001
-------------------------- -------------------------
Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
Value Value Value Value
------------ ----------- ------------ ----------
Long term debt (including current portion)............ $1,289,082 $864,557 $1,338,651 $1,244,686
Redeemable preferred stocks........................... 305,737 88,618 472,048 241,063
Fair values for publicly held securities aggregating $500.2 million and
$915.1 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively, were estimated using
available market prices for those that have determinable market prices and
market prices of other comparable securities for those where no market price is
determinable. Our publicly held securities are not actively traded. The fair
value at December 31, 2002 for one note series that is not publicly registered
and is subject to restrictions on transfer was estimated from the fair values
attributed to our comparable publicly held notes. The fair value for this note
series at December 31, 2001 was assumed to be equal to its principal amount at
that date of $175.0 million, for the series had been newly issued near December
31, 2001 and its interest rate at issuance approximated market rates available
at December 31, 2001. Principal amounts outstanding for variable rate debt at
December 31, 2002 and 2001 of $332.3 million and $352.3 million, respectively,
were assumed to approximate their fair values at those dates because this debt
is subject to short term variable rates of interest and the rates in effect at
those dates approximated market rates available at each date. Fair values of
preferred stock not publicly held of $7.2 million and $26.1 million at December
31, 2002 and 2001, respectively, were estimated from market prices of other
comparable securities. Other financial instruments included in the table were
not significant and their fair values were assumed to be equal to their carrying
amounts.
F-32
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
At December 31, 2002, we had two interest rate swap contracts that were
outstanding for all of 2002. Each contract is with a different financial
institution. Both swaps terminate March 2003. One contract is for a notional
amount of $35.0 million and has a fixed rate of interest of 7.195%. The other
contract is for a notional amount of $37.1 million and has a fixed rate of
interest of 7.18%. The variable market interest rate for each contract is based
on the six month LIBOR rate in effect at the beginning of each six month rate
resetting period.
At December 31, 2002, we had four interest rate cap contracts, two with
different financial institutions that were outstanding for all of 2002 and two
that we entered into in August 2002 with the same financial institution. Two
contracts terminate in March 2003, with one contract having a notional amount of
$33.9 million and the other having a notional amount of $34.0 million. The cap
rate for each of these contracts is 9.0%. The contracts entered into in 2002
terminate in September 2005 and each has a notional amount of $15.8 million,
with one having a cap rate of 9.00% and the other having a cap rate of 4.00%.
The premiums we paid to enter into these two contracts were not significant. The
variable market interest rate for all four contracts is based on the three month
LIBOR rate in effect at the beginning of each three month resetting period.
The aggregate fair values of the swaps and caps at December 31, 2002
and 2001 were liabilities of $1.2 million and $4.2 million, respectively. With
respect to the net change in the fair values of our swaps and caps, we
recognized gain of $3.0 million in 2002 and a loss of $4.2 million in 2001. We
were not required to recognize gain or loss on our swaps and caps prior to 2001.
As a result of market LIBOR rates applicable to us for the swaps being lower
than the fixed rates we pay on the swaps in each of 2002, 2001, and 2000, we
incurred net additional interest of $3.6 million, $1.3 million, and $194
thousand in 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively. The caps have not had any effect
on our effective interest rates or the amount of interest incurred, and only
nominal effect in the amount of gains and losses recorded for the net changes in
the aggregate fair values of our swaps and caps during 2002 and 2001.
17. Warrants
We have issued warrants to purchase shares of PCC's Class A common
stock. Information on warrants outstanding at December 31, 2002 was as follows:
Number Rate of Conversion Exercise Year of
Outstanding into Common Stock Price Expiration
------------- -------------------- ------------ ------------
200,000 1.0 $450.00 2010
8,580 1.0 73.20 2007
25,950 .387 75.00 2007
400 1.0 461.15 - 469.00 2005
All warrants outstanding in the above table are exercisable. No warrants were
exercised in 2002. In accordance with the associated warrant agreement, the
25,950 warrants expiring in 2007 were not adjusted for the 1 for 10 reverse
stock split effected December 31, 2002. Instead, the rate of conversion into
shares of common stock was adjusted.
18. Employee Benefit Plans
PCC has employee benefit plans under which shares of PCC Class A common
stock may be issued to eligible plan participants. These plans are discussed
below.
F-33
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
1996 Stock Option Plan
This plan provides for the granting of nonqualified and qualified
options to purchase a maximum of 1.0 million shares. Participants in the plan
are eligible employees, executive officers, and nonemployee directors. The
maximum number of shares that an employee may be granted under options over the
term of the plan is 200 thousand. The plan and employee maximums are subject to
adjustment to reflect stock dividends, stock splits, recapitalizations, and
similar changes in the capitalization of PCC. The plan terminates in September
2006. The plan provides that the exercise price of options granted is no less
than the fair market value of the common stock underlying the options at the
date the options are granted. Options granted have a term no greater than 10
years from the date of grant. Options vest and become exercisable in accordance
with a schedule determined at the time the option is granted. Exercisable
options may be exercised any time up to the expiration or termination of the
option. Outstanding options become exercisable immediately in the event of a
change in control. Effective December 31, 2002, new full time employees receive
one time grants of 50 options and new part time employees receive one time
grants of 25 options in both cases which become fully vested one year from the
date of employment or on death or disability.
Restricted Stock Plan
This plan provides for the granting of two types of restricted stock
awards. For one type of restricted stock award, recipients may elect to receive
stock options for the purchase of PCC Class A common stock. The maximum number
of shares that may be granted in the aggregate in stock and under options is 200
thousand. Participants in the plan are eligible employees and executive
officers. The maximum number of shares that may be granted for options that an
individual may elect to receive in any one year under the plan is 5 thousand.
The maximum number of shares and options available annually is subject to
adjustment to reflect stock dividends, stock splits, recapitalizations, and
similar changes in the capitalization of PCC. The plan terminates in September
2006. Restricted stock received under the plan generally vests based on years of
service, except for special recognition awards that are fully vested on the date
of grant. Recipients of restricted stock awards do not pay for any portion of
the stock received. The plan provides that the exercise price of options granted
is no less than the fair market value of the common stock underlying the options
at the date the options are granted. Options granted have a term no greater than
10 years from the date of grant. Options vest and become exercisable ratably
from two to four years based upon a participant's years of service with us and
are fully vested for participants that have at least four years of service with
us at the date of grant. At December 31, 2002 and 2001, 58,978 and 43,478
shares, respectively, of PCC restricted Class A common stock had been granted
under the plan. The expense for the restricted stock issued under the plan was
$1.0 million in 2002, $1.2 million in 2001, and less than $1.0 million in 2000.
The weighted average grant date fair value of shares issued under the plan was
$66.95, $284.63, and $439.18, in 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The plan encourages stock ownership in PCC by all eligible employees
through the automatic grant of options to purchase PCC's Class A common stock.
The maximum number of shares that may be issued under options under the plan is
300 thousand, subject to adjustment under certain circumstances specified in the
plan. Eligible employees are those who have completed at least 30 days of
employment. No otherwise eligible employee may be granted an option if such
employee, immediately before or after the option is granted, owns stock
possessing five percent or more of the total combined voting power or value of
all classes of stock of PCC, including stock which the employee may purchase
under options outstanding under any other program intended to qualify as an
employee stock purchase plan. Eligible employees may contribute up to 10% of
their base or regular rate of compensation through payroll deductions to
purchase newly issued shares of PCC under the plan. Each employee is limited in
any calendar year to purchasing no more than $25,000 in fair market value of
shares purchased under all of our outstanding employee stock purchase plans.
Options to purchase shares are granted on the first business day of the first
month of each calendar quarter, and options are automatically exercised
on the last business day of the last month of each calendar quarter. Option
terms are three months ending on the last day of the last month of each
calendar quarter. The exercise price of options is 85% of the lesser of the per
share fair market value of Class A common stock on the grant date or exercise
date.
F-34
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
Stock Options Issued under the 1996 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plans
The following table summarizes information about our stock options
outstanding at December 31, 2002:
Weighted
Weighted Average Weighted
Outstanding at Average Remaining Exercisable at Average
Range of December 31, Exercise Contractual December 31, Exercise
Exercise Prices 2002 Price Life (years) 2002 Price
------------------ ------------------ ------------------ ----------------- ----------------- ------------------
$ 0.80 - 159.99 421,540 $ 41.46 7.9 245,575 $ 55.52
160.00 - 309.99 112,449 209.23 6.9 97,363 207.20
310.00 - 469.99 76,674 397.68 7.0 62,013 401.33
470.00 - 619.99 1,938 495.47 5.3 1,938 495.47
620.00 - 779.99 340 688.09 7.2 340 688.09
-------- --------
Total 612,941 118.59 7.8 407,229 147.06
======== ========
The following table summarizes stock option activity over the past
three years:
Weighted
Number of Average
Shares Exercise Price
----------- ----------------
Outstanding at January 1, 2000............................ 254,847 $199.90
Granted................................................... 194,241 164.50
Exercised................................................. (83,522) 16.90
Canceled or expired....................................... (44,684) 193.60
---------
Outstanding at December 31, 2000.......................... 320,882 222.90
Granted................................................... 170,906 91.50
Exercised................................................. (535) 171.60
Canceled or expired....................................... (28,329) 254.30
---------
Outstanding at December 31, 2001.......................... 462,924 173.53
Granted................................................... 206,252 11.45
Canceled or expired....................................... (56,235) 177.89
---------
Outstanding at December 31, 2002.......................... 612,941 118.59
=========
Options exercisable at December 31, 2000.................. 141,647 162.00
Options exercisable at December 31, 2001.................. 308,658 166.60
F-35
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
If we had used the fair value method of valuing our stock options,
including stock issuable under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, the estimated
weighted average grant date fair value of options granted would have been
$74.60, $42.50, and $306.80 for 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively. The fair
value of options was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with
the following weighted average assumptions:
2002 2001 2000
----------------- ----------------- ----------------
Risk free interest rate...................... 4.67% 4.70% 6.07%
Dividend yield............................... 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Volatility factor............................ 68.4% 59.4% 52.3%
Weighted average expected life (years)....... 6.0 6.0 5.6
401(k) Plan
PCC maintains a 401(k) plan that covers eligible employees in the
United States. Substantially all employees that completed at least one full
calendar month of service prior to October 1, 2002 and two months after
September 30, 2002 are eligible to participate. Participants other than highly
compensated employees were permitted to make salary deferral contributions,
subject to dollar limitations imposed by existing tax laws, of 2% to 15% prior
to January 1, 2003 and up to 50% after December 31, 2002. Highly compensated
employees may make salary deferral contributions of no more than 15% effective
January 1, 2002. PCC matches 100% of employee contributions up to 6% of
employees' before tax salary contributed. PCC may make additional contributions
at its discretion to eligible employees. PCC's contributions to the plan are
allocable to each participant's account. PCC's contributions are made in the
form of its Class A common stock or in cash used to purchase its Class A common
stock. PCC has authorized and reserved for issuance up to 41 thousand shares of
Class A common stock in connection with the plan. PCC's contributions to the
plan are subject to limitations under applicable laws and regulations. All
employee contributions to the plan are fully vested at all times and all of
PCC's contributions, if any, vest ratably from two to four years of service.
PCC's contributions are fully vested for participants that have at least four
years of service at the date of the contribution. The expense for these plans
was $601 thousand, $1.6 million, and $1.4 million for 2002, 2001, and 2000,
respectively.
19. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
Legal Matters
DIRECTV, Inc. Litigation
- ------------------------
National Rural Telecommunications Cooperative:
PST and GSS are affiliates of the NRTC that participate through
agreements in the NRTC's direct broadcast satellite program.
On June 3, 1999, the NRTC filed a lawsuit in United States District
Court, Central District of California against DIRECTV, Inc. seeking a court
order to enforce the NRTC's contractual rights to obtain from DIRECTV, Inc.
certain premium programming formerly distributed by United States Satellite
Broadcasting Company, Inc. for exclusive distribution by the NRTC's members and
affiliates in their rural markets. On July 22, 1999, DIRECTV, Inc. filed a
counterclaim seeking judicial clarification of certain provisions of DIRECTV,
Inc.'s contract with the NRTC. On August 26, 1999, the NRTC filed a separate
lawsuit in United States District Court, Central District of California against
DIRECTV, Inc. claiming that DIRECTV, Inc. had failed to provide to the NRTC its
share of launch fees and other benefits that DIRECTV, Inc. and its affiliates
have received relating to programming and other services. The NRTC and DIRECTV,
Inc. have also filed indemnity claims against one another that pertain to the
alleged obligation, if any, of the NRTC to indemnify DIRECTV, Inc. for costs
incurred in various
F-36
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
lawsuits described herein. These claims have been severed from the other claims
in the case and will be tried separately.
DIRECTV, Inc. is seeking as part of its counterclaim a declaratory
judgment that the term of the NRTC's agreement with DIRECTV, Inc. is measured
only by the life of DBS-1, the first DIRECTV satellite launched, and not the
orbital lives of the other DIRECTV satellites at the 101(degree) W orbital
location. If DIRECTV, Inc. were to prevail on its counterclaim, any failure of
DBS-1 could have a material adverse effect on our DIRECTV rights. While the NRTC
has a right of first refusal to receive certain services after the term of
NRTC's agreement with DIRECTV, Inc., the scope and terms of this right of first
refusal are also being disputed as part of DIRECTV, Inc.'s counterclaim. On
December 29, 1999, DIRECTV, Inc. filed a motion for partial summary judgment
seeking an order that the right of first refusal does not include programming
services and is limited to 20 program channels of transponder capacity. On
January 31, 2001, the court issued an order denying DIRECTV Inc.'s motion for
partial summary judgment relating to the right of first refusal.
On July 3, 2002, the court granted a motion for summary judgment filed
by DIRECTV, Inc., holding that the NRTC is liable to indemnify DIRECTV, Inc. for
the costs of defense and liabilities that DIRECTV, Inc. incurs in a patent case
filed by PDC and Personalized Media Communications, L.L.C. ("Personalized
Media") in December 2000 in the United States District Court, District of
Delaware against DIRECTV, Inc., Hughes Electronics Corporation ("Hughes"),
Thomson Consumer Electronics ("Thomson"), and Philips Electronics North America
Corporation ("Philips"). See below for further information on this litigation.
In February 2003, the United States District Court, District of Delaware granted
PDC's and Personalized Media's motion for leave to amend the complaint to
exclude relief for the delivery nationwide, using specified satellite capacity,
of services carried for the NRTC, plus any other services delivered through the
NRTC to subscribers in the NRTC's territories. It is anticipated that a motion
will be filed with the United States District Court, Central District of
California to reconsider its July 3, 2002 decision that the NRTC indemnify
DIRECTV, Inc. for DIRECTV, Inc.'s costs of defense and liabilities from the
patent litigation.
Pegasus Satellite Television and Golden Sky Systems:
January 10, 2000, PST and GSS filed a class action lawsuit in federal
court in Los Angeles against DIRECTV, Inc. as representatives of a proposed
class that would include all members and affiliates of the NRTC that are
distributors of DIRECTV. The complaint contained causes of action for various
torts, common counts, and declaratory relief based on DIRECTV, Inc.'s failure to
provide the NRTC with certain premium programming, and on DIRECTV, Inc.'s
position with respect to launch fees and other benefits, term, and right of
first refusal. The complaint sought monetary damages and a court order regarding
the rights of the NRTC and its members and affiliates. On February 10, 2000, PST
and GSS filed an amended complaint, and withdrew the class action allegations to
allow a new class action to be filed on behalf of the members and affiliates of
the NRTC. The amended complaint also added claims regarding DIRECTV Inc.'s
failure to allow distribution through the NRTC of various advanced services,
including Tivo. The new class action was filed on February 29, 2000. The court
certified the plaintiff's class on December 28, 2000. On March 9, 2001, DIRECTV,
Inc. filed a counterclaim against PST and GSS, as well as the class members,
seeking two claims for relief: 1) a declaratory judgment whether DIRECTV, Inc.
is under a contractual obligation to provide PST and GSS with services after the
expiration of the term of their agreements with the NRTC and 2) an order that
DBS-1 is the satellite (and the only satellite) that measures the term of PST's
and GSS' agreements with the NRTC. On October 29, 2001, the Court denied
DIRECTV's motion for partial summary judgment on its term counterclaim.
On June 22, 2001, DIRECTV, Inc. brought suit against PST and GSS in Los
Angeles County Superior Court for breach of contract and common counts. The
lawsuit pertains to the seamless marketing agreement dated August 9, 2000, as
amended, between DIRECTV, Inc. and PST and GSS. On
F-37
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
July 13, 2001, PST and GSS terminated the seamless marketing agreement.
The seamless marketing agreement provided seamless marketing and sales for
DIRECTV retailers and distributors. On July 16, 2001, PST and GSS filed a cross
complaint against DIRECTV, Inc. alleging, among other things, that 1) DIRECTV,
Inc. breached the seamless marketing agreement and 2) DIRECTV, Inc. engaged in
unlawful and/or unfair business practices, as defined in Section 17200, et seq.
of the California Business and Professions Code. This suit has since been
removed to the United States District Court, Central District of California. On
September 16, 2002, PST and GSS filed first amended counterclaims against
DIRECTV, Inc. Among other things, the first amended counterclaims added claims
for 1) rescission of the seamless marketing agreement on the ground of
fraudulent inducement, 2) specific performance of audit rights, and 3) punitive
damages on the breach of the implied covenant of good faith claim. In addition,
the first amended counterclaims deleted the business and professions code claim
and the claims for tortious interference that were alleged in the initial cross
complaint. On November 5, 2002 the court granted DIRECTV, Inc.'s motion to
dismiss 1) the specific performance claim and 2) the punitive damages
allegations on the breach of the implied covenant of good faith claim. The court
denied DIRECTV, Inc.'s motion to dismiss the implied covenant of good faith
claim in its entirety.
DIRECTV, Inc. filed four summary judgment motions on September 11, 2002
against the NRTC, the class members, and PST and GSS on a variety of issues in
the case. The motions cover a broad range of claims in the case, including 1)
the term of the agreement between the NRTC and DIRECTV, Inc., 2) the right of
first refusal as it relates to PST and GSS, 3) the right to distribute the
premiums, and 4) damages relating to the premiums, launch fees, and advanced
services claims. The court removed a hearing date of December 16, 2002 and no
new date has been set for hearing or resolution of pending motions.
Pursuant to the court's order of December 17, 2002, the parties
stipulated on December 20, 2002 to participate in mediation proceedings presided
over by a mutually agreeable mediator. The mediation is ongoing.
Both of the NRTC's lawsuits against DIRECTV, Inc. have been
consolidated for discovery and pretrial purposes. All five lawsuits discussed
above, including both lawsuits brought by the NRTC, the class action, and PST's
and GSS' lawsuit (but excluding the indemnity lawsuits), are pending before the
same judge. The court has set a trial date of June 3, 2003, although it is not
clear whether all the lawsuits will be tried together.
Patent Infringement Litigation
- ------------------------------
On December 4, 2000, PDC and Personalized Media filed a patent
infringement lawsuit in the United States District Court, District of Delaware
against DIRECTV, Inc., Hughes, Thomson, and Philips. Personalized Media is a
company with which PDC has a licensing arrangement. PDC and Personalized Media
are seeking injunctive relief and monetary damages for the defendants' alleged
patent infringement and unauthorized manufacture, use, sale, offer to sell, and
importation of products, services, and systems that fall within the scope of
Personalized Media's portfolio of patented media and communications
technologies, of which PDC is an exclusive licensee within a field of use. The
technologies covered by PDC's exclusive license include services distributed to
consumers using certain Ku band BSS frequencies and Ka band frequencies,
including frequencies licensed to affiliates of Hughes and used by DIRECTV, Inc.
to provide services to its subscribers. We are unable to predict the possible
effects of this litigation on our relationship with DIRECTV, Inc.
DIRECTV, Inc. also filed a counterclaim against PDC alleging unfair
competition under the federal Lanham Act. In a separate counterclaim, DIRECTV,
Inc. alleged that both PDC's and Personalized Media's patent infringement
lawsuit constitutes "abuse of process." Those counterclaims have since been
dismissed by the court or voluntarily by DIRECTV, Inc. Separately, Thomson has
filed counterclaims against PDC, Personalized Media, Gemstar-TV Guide, Inc. (and
two Gemstar-TV Guide
F-38
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
affiliated companies, TVG-PMC, Inc. and Starsight Telecast, Inc.), alleging
violations of the federal Sherman Act and California unfair competition law as a
result of alleged licensing practices.
The Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation subsequently transferred
Thomson's antitrust/unfair competition counterclaims to an ongoing Multidistrict
Litigation in the United States District Court for the Northern District of
Georgia. The Panel found that these counterclaims presented common questions of
fact with actions previously consolidated for pretrial proceedings in the
Northern District of Georgia and that including Thomson's claims in the
coordinated pretrial proceedings would promote the just and efficient conduct of
the litigation.
Pretrial proceedings continue in the Delaware litigation, and discovery
is ongoing. Recently, the court decided several important motions in favor of
PDC and Personalized Media. The court granted PDC and Personalized Media's
motion for leave to amend the complaint to limit the relief sought and it also
granted their motion to bifurcate the trial into two proceedings to address the
patent and antitrust issues separately. The court denied a motion originally
brought by DIRECTV, Inc. and Hughes, which was later joined by Thomson and
Philips, for partial summary judgment under the doctrine of prosecution laches.
Other Legal Matters
- -------------------
In addition to the matters discussed above, from time to time we are
involved with claims that arise in the normal course of our business. We believe
that the ultimate liability, if any, with respect to these claims will not have
a material effect on our consolidated operations, cash flows, or financial
position.
Commitments
Call Center Services
- --------------------
We have an agreement with a provider of integrated marketing,
information, and transaction services to provide customer relationship
management services. As permitted by the agreement, in July 2002, we gave notice
that we intended to terminate the agreement 12 months from the date of notice.
As a result, we will pay a termination fee of $4.5 million on the termination
date. We accrued a liability for this fee in the third quarter 2002 and charged
DBS' other subscriber related expenses on the statement of operations and
comprehensive loss for this amount. The minimum annual services fee called for
under the contract for services to be performed in 2003 while the contract is
still in effect is $10.9 million. Expense recognized under this agreement was
$22.8 million, $27.9 million, and $22.3 million in 2002, 2001, and 2000,
respectively. The fees that we pay under the agreement vary generally based on
the types of service provided, performance criteria, and other costs incurred by
the provider.
Communications Services
- -----------------------
We entered into a new agreement with our provider of communication
services in 2002 that expires March 2005. The fees that we pay under the
agreement vary generally based on usage type and volume. We must pay a minimum
annual fee of $6.0 million over the term of the agreement. Expense recognized
under this agreement was $6.9 million, $9.2 million, and $6.3 million in 2002,
2001, and 2000, respectively.
Broadcast Programming Rights
- ----------------------------
At December 31, 2002, we were scheduled to make payments for rights to
air programming of $4.2 million in 2003, $3.2 million in 2004, $1.9 million in
2005, $1.1 million in 2006, and $803 thousand in 2007.
F-39
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
20. Related Party Transactions
PSC is party to an option agreement with W.W. Keen Butcher, certain
entities controlled by Mr. Butcher (the "KB Companies"), and the owner of a
minority interest in the KB Companies. Mr. Butcher is the stepfather of Marshall
W. Pagon. The KB Companies own a number of Federal Communications Commission
television station licenses or permits. The option agreement provides PSC with
the exclusive and irrevocable option to purchase capital stock, membership
interests, and assets of the KB Companies, subject to the terms and conditions
of the agreement. In return for its option, PSC has agreed to provide and
maintain cash collateral for certain of the principal amount of bank loans made
to these individuals and entities. PSC is required to provide security so long
as the agreement is in effect, and the agreement has no specified termination
date. The amount of collateral that PSC is to provide and maintain under the
arrangement equals the principal amount of bank loans outstanding. Other than
its interests in the assets of the KB Companies, PSC's collateral is unsecured
with respect to this arrangement. Pursuant to this arrangement, at December 31,
2002 and 2001, PSC had provided collateral of $8.3 million and $6.8 million,
respectively, which is recorded as restricted cash on the balance sheet.
William P. Phoenix, a director of PCC during 2002, is a managing
director of CIBC World Markets Corporation ("CIBC"), a financial services firm.
CIBC and its affiliates provided various services to us in 2001 and 2000 for
which we incurred $8.4 million and $4.4 million, respectively. We did not incur
any amounts for CIBC in 2002.
At December 31, 2002, we have a loan outstanding to Nicholas Pagon, a
former executive of PCC and the brother of Marshall W. Pagon, amounting to $253
thousand for principal and interest accrued on the loan. The loan matures in
January 2004 and bears interest at 6% per annum. Principal and any accrued and
unpaid interest are due at maturity. The loan is collateralized by shares of PCC
Class A common stock.
PDC has a limited partnership interest in Pegasus PCS Partners, LP
("PCS") that is accounted for under the equity method. PDC has no control or
voice in PCS' matters. The general partner of PCS is an entity beneficially
controlled by Marshall W. Pagon. PDC's investment in PCS was $20.0 million and
$18.5 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. PDC's ownership
interest in PCS' net assets is equal to its investment in PCS. PDC's liability
with respect to PCS is limited to PDC's contributed capital and share of
undistributed net profits, which is equal to its investment in PCS. PDC's share
of undistributed results of PCS varies depending on a variety of factors
specified in the operating agreement between PDC and PCS. For all of 2002, 2001,
and 2000, PDC's share was 61.5%. PDC's share of undistributed results of
operations included in our results from continuing operations was $900 thousand
in 2002, $14.3 million in 2001, and $(422) thousand in 2000. The income recorded
in 2001 was due to a gain on certain licenses that PCS sold.
At December 31, 2002, PDC had a licensing arrangement with Personalized
Media Communications, L.L.C. ("Personalized Media"). Mary Metzger, a member of
PCC's board of directors, has a controlling interest in Personalized Media.
PDC's carrying amount of this arrangement was $89.8 million and $112.2 million
at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The license provides PDC with an
exclusive field of use with respect to Personalized Media's patent portfolio
concerning the distribution of satellite services from specified orbital
locations. PDC paid an annual fee for this license of $100 thousand in each of
2002 and 2001, and made a final payment for the license in 2003 of $100
thousand.
A subsidiary of PSC has from time to time provided accounting and
administrative services to companies affiliated with Marshall W. Pagon and has
paid certain expenses on behalf of the affiliated companies which expenses have
been reflected on PSC's books and financial statements as receivables from the
affiliated companies. These receivables are primarily comprised of legal,
accounting, and corporate organizational fees charged by third parties and paid
by the subsidiary and of allocations to the affiliated companies by the
subsidiary of a portion of the subsidiary's accounting and overhead costs. At
December 31, 2002, the aggregate amount of receivables outstanding was $627,332.
No interest was charged with respect to amounts outstanding from time to time.
21. Industry Segments
At December 31, 2002, our only reportable segment was our DBS business.
DBS provides multichannel DBS DIRECTV services in rural areas of the United
States on a subscription basis. Audio and video programming provided 92%, 93%,
and 93% of the total DBS revenues in 2002, 2001, and
F-40
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
2000, respectively. Performance of the DBS business is evaluated based on
premarketing cash flow and EBITDA, as determined by us. Information on DBS'
revenue and results of operations is as presented on the statements of
operations and comprehensive loss. DBS derived all of its revenues from external
customers for each period reported. Capital expenditures for the DBS business
were $28.2 million, $37.0 million, and $19.1 million for 2002, 2001, and 2000,
respectively. Capital expenditures for all other operations were $2.8 million,
$9.1 million, and $27.3 million for 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.
Identifiable total assets for DBS were $1.7 billion and $2.0 billion at December
31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Identifiable total assets for all other
operations were $372.8 million and $358.7 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001,
respectively.
22. Quarterly Information (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Quarter Ended
March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31,
2002 2002 2002 2002
--------- -------- ------------- ------------
Net revenues................................ $222,905 $225,138 $225,920 $227,810
Loss from operations ....................... (14,243) (6,576) (13,089) (16,363)
Loss before extraordinary item.............. (31,740) (29,868) (47,671) (54,696)
Net loss.................................... (31,740) (29,868) (37,935) (54,085)
Basic and diluted per common share amounts:
Loss before extraordinary item, including
accrued and deemed preferred stock
dividends and accretion.................. (6.65) (6.43) (9.28) (10.35)
Net loss applicable to common shares,
including accrued and deemed preferred
stock dividends and accretion............ (6.65) (6.43) (7.65) (10.25)
March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31,
2001 2001 2001 2001
--------- -------- ------------- ------------
Net revenues................................ $213,827 $215,492 $214,913 $227,685
Loss from operations ....................... (71,256) (62,702) (51,046) (39,406)
Loss before extraordinary item.............. (66,257) (61,804) (85,088) (63,449)
Net loss.................................... (66,257) (62,790) (85,088) (64,269)
Basic and diluted per common share amounts:
Loss before extraordinary item, including
accrued and deemed preferred stock
dividends and accretion................. (13.86) (12.97) (17.08) (14.16)
Net loss applicable to common shares,
including accrued and deemed preferred
stock dividends and accretion .......... (13.86) (13.15) (17.08) (14.30)
In the quarter ended September 30, 2001, we recognized a loss on the impairment
of marketable equity securities of $34.2 million.
Amounts in the above tables for revenues and loss from operations for
quarters ended March 31, 2002 and 2001, June 30, 2002 and 2001, and December 31,
2001 may differ from the amounts previously reported because the amounts in the
tables for these periods reflect applicable adjustments for discontinued
operations first reported in the quarter ended September 30, 2002. Additionally,
amounts in the above tables for per common share amounts differ from amounts
previously reported as a result of the 1 for 10 reverse stock split effected
December 31, 2002.
F-41
PEGASUS COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
For the Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000
(In thousands)
Balance at Additions Additions
Beginning of Charged To Charged To Balance at
Description Period Expenses Other Accounts Deductions End of Period
----------- ------------- ---------- -------------- ---------- --------------
Allowance for
Doubtful Accounts
-----------------
Year 2002 $6,016 $23,809 $22,604(b) $7,221
Year 2001 3,303 36,511 33,798(b) 6,016
Year 2000 1,410 14,531 $1,000(a) 13,638(b) 3,303
Valuation Allowance for Net
Deferred Income Tax Assets
--------------------------
Year 2002 $42,542 $42,542
Year 2001
Year 2000 $59,808 $2,729(c) $62,537(d)
(a) Represents allowance for doubtful accounts obtained in the acquisition of
Golden Sky Holdings, Inc.
(b) Amounts written off, net of recoveries.
(c) Net operating loss carryforwards incurred during the year.
(d) Valuation allowances no longer required due to the acquisition of Golden Sky
Holdings, Inc.
S-1
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
Number Description of Document
- ------- -----------------------
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger among Pegasus Communications
Corporation, Pegasus Holdings Corporation I and Pegasus Merger
Sub, Inc. dated as of February 22, 2001 (which is incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 2.3 to the 10-K of Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. (formerly named Pegasus
Communications Corporation) dated April 2, 2001).
3.1* Form of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of
Pegasus Communications Corporation.
3.2 By-Laws of Pegasus Communications Corporation (incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 3.6 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of
Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc. filed with the SEC on April
2, 2001).
3.3 Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Relative,
Participating, Optional and Other Special Rights of Preferred
Stock and Qualifications, Limitations and Restrictions Thereof of
6-1/2% Series C Convertible Preferred Stock of Pegasus
Communications Corporation (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 3.8 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. filed with the SEC on April 2, 2001).
3.4 Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of Series D
Junior Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of Pegasus
Communications Corporation (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 3.9 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. filed with the SEC on April 2, 2001).
3.5 Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of Series E
Junior Convertible Participating Preferred Stock of Pegasus
Communications Corporation (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 3.10 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. filed with the SEC on April 2,
2001).
4.1 Indenture, dated as of July 7, 1995, by and among Pegasus Media &
Communications, Inc., the Guarantors (as this term is defined in
the Indenture), and First Fidelity Bank, National Association, as
Trustee, relating to the 12-1/2% Series B Senior Subordinated
Notes due 2005 (including the form of Notes and Subsidiary
Guarantee) (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
4.1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-4 of Pegasus Media &
Communications, Inc. (File No. 33-95042)).
4.2 Form of 12-1/2% Series B Senior Subordinated Notes due 2005
(included in Exhibit 4.1 above).
4.3 Indenture, dated as of October 21, 1997, by and between Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. (then named Pegasus Communications
Corporation) and First Union National Bank, as trustee, relating
to the 9-5/8% Senior Notes due 2005 (which is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Amendment No. 1 to the Form 8-K
dated September 8, 1997 of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc.
(formerly named Pegasus Communications Corporation)).
4.4 Form of 9-5/8% Senior Notes due 2005 (included in Exhibit 4.3
above).
4.5 Indenture, dated as of November 30, 1998, by and between Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. (then named Pegasus Communications
Corporation) and First Union National Bank, as trustee, relating
to the 9-3/4% Senior Notes due 2006 (which is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to the Registration Statement on Form
S-3 of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc. (formerly named
Pegasus Communications Corporation) (File No. 333-70949)).
4.6 Form of 9-3/4% Senior Notes due 2006 (included in Exhibit 4.5
above).
4.7 Indenture, dated as of November 19, 1999, by and between Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. (then named Pegasus Communications
Corporation) and First Union National Bank, as Trustee, relating
to the 12-1/2% Senior Notes due 2007 (which is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registration Statement on Form
S-4 of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc. (formerly named
Pegasus Communications Corporation) (File No. 333-94231)).
4.8 Form of 12-1/2% Senior Notes due 2007 (included in Exhibit 4.7
above).
4.9 Indenture, dated as of May 31, 2001, by and between Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. and First Union National Bank, as
trustee, relating to the 12-3/8% Senior Notes due 2006 of Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. (which is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 4.6 to Form 10-K of Pegasus Communications
Corporation filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
April 3, 2002).
4.10 Form of 12-3/8% Senior Notes due 2006 of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. (included in Exhibit 4.9 above).
4.11 Indenture, dated as of May 31, 2001, by and between Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. and First Union National Bank, as
trustee, relating to the 13-1/2% Senior Subordinated Discount
Notes due 2007 of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc.(which is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to Form 10-K of
Pegasus Communications Corporation filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission April 3, 2002).
4.12 Form of 13-1/2% Senior Subordinated Discount Notes due 2007 of
Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc. (included in Exhibit 4.11
above).
4.13 Indenture, dated as of December 19, 2001, by and between Pegasus
Satellite Communications, Inc. and J.P. Morgan Trust Company,
National Association, as trustee, relating to the 11-1/4% Senior
Notes due 2010 of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc. (which is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.10 to Form 10-K of
Pegasus Communications Corporation filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission April 3, 2002).
4.14 Form of 11-1/4% Senior Notes due 2010 of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. (included in Exhibit 4.13 above).
4.15 Amended and Restated Voting Agreement, dated May 5, 2000, among
Pegasus Communications Corporation, Fleet Venture Resources, Inc.,
Fleet Equity Partners VI, L.P., Chisholm Partners III, L.P., and
Kennedy Plaza Partners, Spectrum Equity Investors, L.P. and
Spectrum Equity Investors II, L.P., Alta Communications VI, L.P.,
Alta Subordinated Debt Partners III, L.P. and Alta-Comm S BY S,
L.L.C., and Pegasus Communications Holdings, Inc., Pegasus
Capital, L.P., Pegasus Scranton Offer Corp, Pegasus Northwest
Offer Corp, and Marshall W. Pagon, an individual (which is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K
of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc. (formerly named Pegasus
Communications Corporation) dated May 5, 2000).
4.16 Registration Rights Agreement dated May 5, 2000, among Pegasus
Communications Corporation, Fleet Venture Resources, Inc., Fleet
Equity Partners VI, L.P., Chisholm Partners III, L.P., and Kennedy
Plaza Partners, Spectrum Equity Investors, L.P. and Spectrum
Equity Investors II, L.P., Alta Communications VI, L.P., Alta
Subordinated Debt Partners III, L.P. and Alta-Comm S BY S, L.L.C.,
and Pegasus Communications Holdings, Inc., Pegasus Capital, L.P.,
Pegasus Scranton Offer Corp, Pegasus Northwest Offer Corp, and
Marshall W. Pagon, an individual (which is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 8-K of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. (formerly named Pegasus Communications
Corporation) dated May 5, 2000).
4.17 Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of December 19, 2001, by
and among Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc., CIBC World
Markets Corp. and Bear Stearns & Co. Inc. (which is incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 4.14 to Form 10-K of Pegasus
Communications Corporation filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission April 3, 2002).
10.1 NRTC/Member Agreement for Marketing and Distribution of DBS
Services, dated June 24, 1993, between the National Rural
Telecommunications Cooperative and Pegasus Cable Associates, Ltd.
(which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-4 of Pegasus Media &
Communications, Inc. (File No. 33-95042) (other similar agreements
with the National Rural Telecommunications Cooperative are not
being filed but will be furnished upon request, subject to
restrictions on confidentiality, if any)).
10.2 Amendment to NRTC/Member Agreement for Marketing and Distribution
of DBS Services, dated June 24, 1993, between the National Rural
Telecommunications Cooperative and Pegasus Cable Associates, Ltd.
(which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-4 of Pegasus Media &
Communications, Inc. (File No. 33-95042)).
10.3 DIRECTV Sign-Up Agreement, dated May 3, 1995, between DIRECTV,
Inc. and Pegasus Satellite Television, Inc. (which is incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.30 to the Registration Statement
on Form S-4 of Pegasus Media & Communications, Inc. (File No.
33-95042)).
10.4 Credit Agreement dated January 14, 2000 among Pegasus Media &
Communications, Inc., the lenders party thereto, CIBC World
Markets Corp., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Canadian Imperial
Bank of Commerce, Bankers Trust Company and Fleet National Bank
(which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-4 of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. (formerly named Pegasus Communications
Corporation) (File No. 333-31080)).
10.5 First Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of July 23, 2001,
which amends the Credit Agreement dated January 14, 2000 among
Pegasus Media & Communications, Inc., the lenders party thereto,
CIBC World Markets Corp., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Canadian
Imperial Bank of Commerce, Bankers Trust Company and Fleet
National Bank, (which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 of Pegasus Communications Corporation's Form 10-Q for
the quarter ended June 30, 2001).
10.6 Second Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of November 13,
2001, which amends the Credit Agreement dated January 14, 2000
among Pegasus Media & Communications, Inc., the lenders party
thereto, CIBC World Markets Corp., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.,
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, Bankers Trust Company and
Fleet National Bank. (which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.6 to Form 10-K of Pegasus Communications Corporation
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission April 3, 2002).
10.7+ Pegasus Communications 1996 Stock Option Plan, as amended and
restated effective as of February 13, 2002 (which is incorporated
herein by reference to Appendix B to the definitive proxy
statement of Pegasus Communications Corporation filed with the
Securities Exchange Commission on May 9, 2002).
10.8+ Pegasus Restricted Stock Plan, as amended and restated effective
as of February 13, 2002 (which is incorporated herein by reference
to Appendix C to the definitive proxy statement of Pegasus
Communications Corporation filed with the Securities Exchange
Commission on May 9, 2002).
10.9+ Pegasus Communications Corporation Executive Incentive Plan (which
is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form
10-Q of Pegasus Communications Corporation dated May 17, 2001).
10.10 Agreement, effective as of September 13, 1999, by and among ADS
Alliance Data Systems, Inc., Pegasus Satellite Television, Inc.
and Digital Television Services, Inc. (which is incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10-Q dated
November 12, 1999 of Pegasus Satellite Communications, Inc.
(formerly named Pegasus Communications Corporation)).
10.11 Amendment dated December 30, 1999, to ADS Alliance Agreement among
ADS Alliance Data Systems, Inc., Pegasus Satellite Television,
Inc. and Digital Television Securities, Inc., dated September 13,
1999 (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to
the Registration Statement on Form S-4 of Pegasus Satellite
Communications, Inc. (formerly named Pegasus Communications
Corporation) (File No. 333-31080)).
10.12+ Executive Employment Agreement effective as of June 1, 2002 for
Ted S. Lodge (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
10.1 to Form 10-Q of Pegasus Communications Corporation filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2002).
10.13*+ Amendment No. 1 to the Pegasus Communications 1996 Stock Option
Plan (as amended and restated effective as of February 13, 2002),
effective as of September 1, 2002.
10.14*+ Amendment No. 2 to the Pegasus Communications 1996 Stock Option
Plan (as amended and restated effective as of February 13, 2002),
effective as of December 31, 2002.
10.15*+ Amendment No. 3 to the Pegasus Communications 1996 Stock Option
Plan (as amended and restated effective as of February 13, 2002),
effective as of December 31, 2002.
10.16*+ Amendment No. 1 to the Pegasus Communications Restricted Stock
Plan (as amended and restated effective as of February 13, 2002),
effective as of December 31, 2002 (included in Exhibit 10.14).
10.17*+ Amendment No. 2 to the Pegasus Communications Restricted Stock
Plan (as amended and restated effective as of February 13, 2002),
effective as of December 31, 2002 (included in Exhibit 10.15).
10.18+ Pegasus Communications Corporation Short Term Incentive Plan
(Corporate, Satellite and Business Development) for calendar year
2002 (which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to
the Form 10-Q of Pegasus Communications Corporation filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on August 14, 2002).
10.19+ Supplemental Description of Pegasus Communications Corporation
Short Term Incentive Plan (Corporate, Satellite and Business
Development) for calendar year 2002 (which is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Form 10-Q of Pegasus
Communications Corporation filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on August 14, 2002).
10.20+ Description of Long Term Incentive Compensation Program Applicable
to Executive Officers (which is incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit 10.4 to the Form 10-Q of Pegasus Communications
Corporation filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
August 14, 2002).
21.1* Subsidiaries of Pegasus Communications Corporation.
23.1* Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
24.1* Power of Attorney (included on Signatures page).
99.1* Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002.
99.2* Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002.
- ----------------
* Filed herewith.
+ Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan.