United States
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
[x] | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002
OR
[ ] | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 33-45123
C.M. LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Connecticut |
06-1041383 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of |
(I.R.S. Employer |
140 Garden Street, Hartford, Connecticut 06154
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(860) 987-6500
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the act: None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
(1) Yes X No
(2) Yes X No
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to item 405 of Regulation S-K (Section 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes No X
APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS
Registrant has 12,500 shares of common stock outstanding on March 21, 2003, all of which are owned by Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company.
1
PART I
Item 1. Business
We are a stock life insurance company located at 140 Garden Street, Hartford, Connecticut, 06154. We are a wholly-owned stock life insurance subsidiary of Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company (MassMutual or the parent).
We are principally engaged in the sale of life insurance and annuities, primarily flexible premium universal life insurance, variable life insurance, and variable annuity products. We distribute these products through career agents, registered financial planners, and brokers. We are licensed to sell life insurance and annuities in Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia and 49 states (excluding New York).
Functionally, we are part of MassMutuals operations, and as a result, a discussion of MassMutuals operations is useful for an understanding of our business.
MassMutual is a mutual life insurance company organized as a Massachusetts corporation, which was originally chartered in 1851. As a mutual life insurance company, MassMutual has no shareholders. In addition to the sales of individual life insurance, MassMutual also provides, a wide range of annuity and disability products distributed primarily through career agents. MassMutual also provides, directly or through its subsidiaries, a wide range of pension products and services, as well as investment services to individuals, corporations, and institutions in all 50 states of the United States, and the District of Columbia. MassMutual and its subsidiaries or affiliates are also licensed to transact business in Puerto Rico, six provinces of Canada, Hong Kong, Chile, Argentina, Bermuda, Luxembourg, Taiwan, Japan and Macao.
MassMutuals principal lines of business are:
· | Domestic insurance, which includes life, disability, annuity, corporate owned life insurance, structured settlements and long-term care products and services marketed primarily through domestic distribution channels; and |
· | Retirement and Financial Products, which provides retirement plan sponsors and participants a full range of products and services in the defined contribution, defined benefit and non-qualified deferred compensation plan markets; including group annuity, domestic guaranteed investment contracts, international and domestic funding agreements and pension terminal funding annuity products. |
Together with our parent, MassMutual and its subsidiaries, we comprise a growth-oriented, diversified financial services company that seeks to provide superior value for policyholders and other customers by achieving exceptional results. We are in the business of helping our customers achieve financial success while protecting their families and businesses.
Effective September 2002, MML Bay State Life Insurance Company (Bay State) became a wholly-owned stock life insurance subsidiary of the Company through the contribution of all of Bay States outstanding shares of common stock from MassMutual to the Company. Bay State provides life insurance and annuities to individuals and group life insurance to institutions. The Company accounts for the value of its investment in Bay State at its underlying statutory net equity. Operating results, less dividends declared, are reflected as net unrealized capital gains in the Statutory Statements of Changes in Shareholders Equity.
2
Summarized below is statutory financial information for Bay State as of and for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively:
2002 |
2001 |
2000 | |||||||||
(In Millions) | |||||||||||
Assets |
$ |
3,872.2 |
$ |
3,870.1 |
$ |
3,804.1 | |||||
Liabilities |
|
3,678.2 |
|
3,689.8 |
|
3,642.5 | |||||
Total revenue |
|
193.2 |
|
676.2 |
|
889.9 | |||||
Net income |
|
14.7 |
|
25.4 |
|
8.1 |
Products
The principal products we offer include:
· | universal life insurance, variable universal life insurance, survivorship life insurance, term life insurance, and |
· | individual annuity products. |
Set forth below is a description of our principal products:
Universal Life. Universal life insurance provides the policyholder with flexible premiums and death benefits as well as no lapse guarantees. We credit premiums in excess of specified sales charges to the account value of the policy, which are allocated to the fixed account backed by our general investment account. That account value includes a guaranteed principal with a minimum interest credit. The policy value is the net result of the premium payments plus interest credits minus expense and cost of insurance charges minus the amount of any partial surrenders.
Variable Universal Life. Variable universal life insurance provides the policyholder, within guidelines established by the terms of the policy, the ability to select and change premium levels, amounts of death benefits, and investment options. We credit premiums in excess of specified sales charges to the account value of the policy. We apply net premiums, as instructed by the policyholder, to a guaranteed principal account backed by our general investment account, or to one or more of our separate accounts. The policyholder bears the investment risk for cash values in the separate accounts. We deduct the cost of insurance and administrative charges from the accumulating account value to which we credit the premiums. In 2001, we introduced an enhanced variable universal life insurance product and introduced a dollar cost averaging and portfolio rebalancing program to many of our variable life insurance products. In 2000, we introduced an enhanced survivorship variable universal life insurance product that pays a death benefit upon the death of the second of two insureds.
Term Life. Term life insurance provides life insurance protection for a fixed period and has no cash value. We offer a variety of term insurance products designed to meet varying client needs. Almost all term insurance products allow conversion within a specified time period to one of our other insurance products.
Fixed and Variable Annuities. Annuity products provide for the payment of periodic benefits at regular intervals beginning at a specified date and continuing for a specific period of time or for life. For our fixed annuity products, we credit premiums to the account value of the contract, which are allocated to a fixed account backed by our general investment account. Variable annuities are individual non-participating contracts which provide for either a single or periodic premium, which may be directed to a guaranteed principal account backed by general investment account, or to one of several separate account investment options for which the investment risk is borne by the contract holder. In June 2001, we introduced a new tax-sheltered variable annuity product targeted for eligible employees of schools, hospitals, churches or other nonprofit organizations. In 2000, we increased the number of investment options in our flagship variable annuity products, Panorama Premier and Panorama Passage, to better serve our increasingly sophisticated client base.
3
Reinsurance
We cede a portion of our life insurance business to MassMutual and other insurers in the normal course of business. Our retention limit per individual insured is $15.0 million; the portion of the risk exceeding the retention limit is reinsured with other insurers, including MassMutual. The Company is contingently liable with respect to ceded reinsurance in the event any reinsurer is unable to fulfill its contractual obligations.
We have a modified coinsurance quota-share reinsurance agreement with MassMutual whereby we cede 75% of the premium on certain universal life policies. In return, MassMutual pays us a stipulated expense allowance, death and surrender benefits, and a modified coinsurance adjustment based upon experience. We retain the assets and related reserves for payment of future benefits on the ceded policies. Premium income of $23.2 million, $22.9 million and $26.7 million was ceded to MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Fees and other income include a $7.5 million, $8.1 million and a $9.1 million expense allowance from MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. In addition, a modified coinsurance adjustment of $26.8 million, $30.2 million and $28.1 million was ceded to MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Policyholder benefits of $37.4 million, $33.8 million and $38.4 million were ceded to MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
We also have a stop-loss agreement with MassMutual under which we cede claims, which, in aggregate, exceed 0.32% of the covered volume for any year, with maximum coverage of $25.0 million above the aggregate limit. The aggregate limit was $66.0 million in 2002, $70.0 million in 2001, and $72.4 million in 2000 and it was not exceeded in any of the years. Premium income of $1.2 million in 2002 and $1.3 million in 2001 and 2000 was ceded to MassMutual.
We have a coinsurance agreement with MassMutual, whereby we cede substantially 100% of the premiums on new issues of certain universal life policies. In return, MassMutual pays us a stipulated expense allowance and death and surrender benefits. MassMutual holds the assets and related reserves for payment of future benefits on the ceded policies. Premium income of $29.7 million, $47.4 million and $47.3 million was ceded to MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Fees and other income include a $7.3 million, $28.5 million and a $46.5 million expense allowance from MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. In addition, experience refunds of $2.8 million and $2.5 million were ceded to us from MassMutual in 2002 and 2001, respectively. There were no experience refunds from MassMutual to us in 2000. Policyholders benefits of $1.1 million, $11.3 million and $5.9 million were ceded to MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Effective January 1, 2002, we entered into an additional coinsurance agreement with MassMutual, whereby we cede substantially 100% of the premiums on new issues of certain universal life policies. In return, MassMutual pays us a stipulated expense allowance and death and surrender benefits. MassMutual holds the assets and related reserves for payment of future benefits on the ceded policies. Premium income of $89.3 million was ceded to MassMutual in 2002. Fees and other income include a $82.8 million expense allowance from MassMutual in 2002. Policyholders benefits of $0.2 million were ceded to MassMutual in 2002.
Competition
The life insurance industry is highly competitive. There are more than 1,000 life insurance companies in the United States, many of which offer insurance products similar to those we market. In addition to competition within the industry, insurers are increasingly facing competition from non-traditional sources in the financial services industry. Such businesses include mutual funds, banks, securities brokerage houses, and other financial service entities. Many of our competitors provide alternative investment and savings vehicles for consumers.
We believe our financial strength, agent skill, and product performance provide competitive advantages for the products we offer in these markets. Our, and MassMutuals, year-end 2002 ratings are again among the highest enjoyed by any company in any industry. Our, and MassMutuals, AAA (Extremely Strong) financial strength rating from Standard & Poors, A++ (Superior) financial strength rating from A.M. Best, and AAA (Exceptionally Strong) claims-paying rating from Fitch are the highest possible. Our, and MassMutuals, Aa1 financial strength rating from Moodys Investors Service is the highest in its Excellent category.
4
Each rating agency independently assigns ratings based on its own separate review and takes into account a variety of factors, which are subject to change in making its decision. Accordingly, there can be no assurance of the ratings that will be afforded us in the future.
Transactions with MassMutual
We have an agreement with MassMutual whereby, for a fee, MassMutual furnishes us, as required, operating facilities, human resources, computer software development and managerial services. Also, MassMutual provides us with investment and administrative services pursuant to a management services agreement. Fees incurred under the terms of these agreements were $161.8 million in 2002, $171.6 million in 2001, and $172.6 million in 2000.
We participate in variable annuity exchange programs with our parent whereby certain MassMutual variable annuity contract holders can make a non-taxable exchange of their contract for an enhanced C.M. Life variable annuity contract. We received premium income of $256.2 million in 2002, $295.6 million in 2001 and $1,090.9 million in 2000, related to these exchange programs. We have an agreement to compensate MassMutual for the lost revenue associated with the exchange of these contracts. We recorded commissions payable of $5.3 million and $0.4 million as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively, and paid $5.2 million and $15.0 million to MassMutual for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. There were no commissions paid to MassMutual for the year ended December 31, 2000.
Regulation
We are organized as a Connecticut stock life insurance company, and are subject to Connecticut laws governing insurance companies. We are regulated and supervised by the State of Connecticut Insurance Commissioner. By March 1 of every year, we must prepare and file an annual statement, in a form prescribed by the State of Connecticut Insurance Department, as of December 31 of the preceding year. The Commissioners agents have the right at all times to review or examine our books and assets. A full examination of our operations is conducted periodically according to the rules and practices of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC). We are also subject to the insurance laws of the states in which we are authorized to do business, to various federal and state securities laws and regulations, and to regulatory agencies that administer those laws and regulations.
We are licensed to transact our insurance business in, and are subject to regulation and supervision by the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, and 49 states (excluding New York.) The extent of such regulation varies. However, most jurisdictions have laws and regulations requiring the licensing of insurers and their agents, and setting standards of solvency and business conduct to be maintained by licensed insurance companies, and may regulate withdrawal from certain markets. In addition, statutes and regulations in certain states usually require the approval of policy forms and, for certain lines of insurance, the approval of rates. Such statutes and regulations also prescribe the permitted types and concentration of investments. We are also subject to regulation of our accounting methodologies and are required to file detailed annual financial statements with supervisory agencies in each of the jurisdictions in which we do business. Each of our operations and accounts are also subject to examination by such agencies at regular intervals.
All 50 states of the United States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico have insurance guaranty fund laws requiring insurance companies doing business within those jurisdictions to participate in guaranty associations. Guaranty associations are organized to cover, subject to certain limits, contractual obligations under insurance policies and certificates issued under group insurance policies, issued by impaired or insolvent life insurance companies. These associations levy assessments, up to prescribed limits, on all member insurers in a particular state. Levies are calculated on the basis of the proportionate share of the premiums written by member insurers in the lines of business in which the impaired or insolvent insurer is engaged. Some states permit member insurers to recover assessments paid through full or partial premium tax offsets, usually over a period of years.
In addition to regulation of our insurance business, we are subject to various types of federal and state laws and regulations affecting the conduct, taxation, and other aspects of our businesses and products. Certain policies and contracts we offer are subject to the federal securities laws administered by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
5
We believe that we are in compliance, in all material respects, with all applicable regulations.
New Accounting Standards
On January 1, 2001, the Codification of Statutory Accounting Principles (Codification) became effective and was adopted by C.M. Life Insurance Company (the Company). Codification provides a comprehensive guide of statutory accounting principles for use by insurers in the United States of America. The cumulative effect of this change in statutory accounting principles on shareholders equity of $15.9 million was principally due to a change in accounting for certain investments in derivatives, the exclusion of a cost of collection liability and the admission of a net deferred tax asset.
In May 2002, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners issued Statement of Statutory Accounting Principles (SSAP) No. 86 Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging, Income Generation, and Replication (Synthetic Asset) Transactions with an effective date of January 1, 2003. SSAP No. 86 supercedes SSAP No. 31 Derivative Instruments and establishes statutory accounting principles for derivative instruments and hedging, income generation, and replication (synthetic asset) transactions using selected concepts outlined in Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 133 Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. SSAP No. 86 requires that derivative instruments used in hedging transactions that meet the criteria of a highly effective hedge shall be valued and reported in a manner that is consistent with the hedged asset or liability. SSAP No. 86 also requires that derivative instruments used in hedging transactions that do not meet or no longer meet the criteria of an effective hedge shall be accounted for at fair value and the changes in fair value shall be recorded as unrealized gains or unrealized losses. Adoption of SSAP No. 86 by the Company will change the reporting of derivatives mark-to-market that do not qualify for hedge accounting from realized gains and losses to unrealized gains and losses.
Item 2. Properties
Our principal office is located at 140 Garden Street, Hartford, Connecticut.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
We are involved in litigation arising in and out of the normal course of business, including class action and purported class action suits which seek both compensatory and punitive damages. While we are not aware of any actions or allegations which should reasonably give rise to any material adverse effect, the outcome of litigation cannot be foreseen with certainty. It is the opinion of our management, after consultation with legal counsel, that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not materially affect our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
There were no matters submitted to a vote of security holders during 2002, other than routine corporate governance matters.
6
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrants Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters
We are a wholly-owned subsidiary of Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company, and as such, there is no market for our common stock.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
We have prepared the accompanying statutory financial information, in conformity with the statutory accounting practices, except as to form, of the NAIC and the accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the State of Connecticut Insurance Department (statutory accounting practices).
The following statutory information as of and for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001, 2000, 1999, and 1998 has been derived from our audited statutory financial statements. The 2002, 2001, 2000 and 1999 statutory financial statements have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors. The statutory financial statements for 1998 were audited by other auditors.
The accompanying statutory financial statements are different in some respects from financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). The more significant differences between accounting principles pursuant to statutory and GAAP are as follows:
(a) | acquisition costs, such as commissions and other variable costs that are directly related to acquiring new business, are charged to current operations as incurred, whereas GAAP would require these expenses to be capitalized and recognized over the life of the policies; |
(b) | statutory policy reserves are based upon the Commissioners Reserve Valuation Methods and statutory mortality and interest assumptions, whereas GAAP reserves would generally be based upon net level premium or the estimated gross margin method with appropriate estimates of future mortality and interest assumptions; |
(c) | bonds are generally carried at amortized cost, whereas GAAP generally requires reporting at fair value; |
(d) | deferred income taxes, which provide for book/tax temporary differences, are subject to limitation and are charged directly to shareholders equity, whereas GAAP would include deferred taxes as a component of net income; |
(e) | payments received for universal and variable life products and variable annuities are reported as premium income and changes in reserves, whereas, under GAAP, these payments would be recorded as deposits to policyholders account balances; |
(f) | majority-owned subsidiaries are accounted for using the equity method, whereas GAAP would consolidate these entities; |
(g) | assets are reported at admitted asset value and non-admitted assets are excluded through a charge against shareholders equity, while under GAAP, non-admitted assets are recorded, net of any valuation allowance; and |
(h) | reinsurance recoverables are reported as a reduction of policyholders reserves and funds, while under GAAP, these recoverables are reported as an asset. |
7
We record our investments in accordance with rules established by the NAIC. Generally, we value:
· | bonds at amortized cost, using the constant yield method, |
· | mortgage loans at amortized cost, net of valuation reserves, |
· | policy loans at the outstanding loan balance less amounts unsecured by the cash surrender value of the policy, |
· | other investments (which include other financial instruments at fair value and preferred stocks at cost), and |
· | short-term investments at amortized cost. |
We develop reserves for life insurance contracts using accepted actuarial methods computed principally on the net level premium, the Commissioners Reserve Valuation Method and the California Method bases using the 1980 Commissioners Standard Ordinary mortality tables with assumed interest rates ranging from 4.00 to 4.50 percent.
We develop reserves for individual annuities based on account value or accepted actuarial methods, principally at interest rates ranging from 5.25 to 7.25 percent.
Federal income taxes are based upon our best estimate of our current and deferred tax liabilities. Deferred income taxes, which provide for book-tax temporary differences, are subject to limitation and are charged directly to shareholders equity. Accordingly, the reporting of miscellaneous temporary differences, such as reserves and policy acquisition costs, and of permanent differences such as tax credits, resulted in effective tax rates which differ from the federal statutory tax rate.
We maintain an Asset Valuation Reserve (AVR) and an Interest Maintenance Reserve (IMR), in compliance with regulatory requirements. The AVR and other investment reserves stabilize shareholders equity against fluctuations in the value of stocks, bonds, mortgage loans and real estate investments. The IMR defers all interest related after-tax realized capital gains and losses. These interest related capital gains and losses are amortized into net investment income using the grouped method over the remaining life of the investment sold or over the remaining life of the underlying asset.
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as well as disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during reporting periods. The most significant estimates include those used in determining investment valuation reserves, other than temporary impairments and the liabilities for future policyholders reserves and deposit fund balances. Future events, including, but not limited to, changes in the levels of mortality, interest rates, persistency and asset valuations, could cause actual results to differ from the estimates used in the financial statements. Although some variability is inherent in these estimates, management believes the amounts presented are appropriate.
This information should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the financial statements and other information included elsewhere in this filing. The results for past accounting periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any future accounting period.
8
C.M. Life Insurance Company
Selected Historical Financial Data
For the Years Ended December 31,
(In Millions)
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
1999 |
1998 |
||||||||||||||||
Revenue: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Premium income |
$ |
1,830.1 |
|
$ |
1,618.8 |
|
$ |
2,288.6 |
|
$ |
935.5 |
|
$ |
405.4 |
| |||||
Net investment income |
|
147.3 |
|
|
115.3 |
|
|
100.9 |
|
|
85.0 |
|
|
82.4 |
| |||||
Fees and other income |
|
143.1 |
|
|
72.5 |
|
|
75.8 |
|
|
11.8 |
|
|
6.7 |
| |||||
|
2,120.5 |
|
|
1,806.6 |
|
|
2,465.3 |
|
|
1,032.3 |
|
|
494.5 |
| ||||||
Benefits and expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Policyholders benefits and payments |
|
658.0 |
|
|
467.7 |
|
|
463.9 |
|
|
332.2 |
|
|
185.2 |
| |||||
Addition to policyholders reserves and funds |
|
1,204.6 |
|
|
1,059.6 |
|
|
1,679.7 |
|
|
518.8 |
|
|
169.0 |
| |||||
Commissions |
|
136.1 |
|
|
121.9 |
|
|
140.2 |
|
|
82.6 |
|
|
49.6 |
| |||||
Operating expenses, state taxes, licenses and fees |
|
170.4 |
|
|
183.3 |
|
|
185.2 |
|
|
131.9 |
|
|
80.2 |
| |||||
Federal income tax (benefit) |
|
12.5 |
|
|
(1.8 |
) |
|
7.2 |
|
|
2.1 |
|
|
6.8 |
| |||||
|
2,181.6 |
|
|
1,830.7 |
|
|
2,476.2 |
|
|
1,067.6 |
|
|
490.8 |
| ||||||
Net (loss) gain from operations |
|
(61.1 |
) |
|
(24.1 |
) |
|
(10.9 |
) |
|
(35.3 |
) |
|
3.7 |
| |||||
Net realized capital gains (losses) |
|
61.7 |
|
|
(5.5 |
) |
|
(3.0 |
) |
|
(8.7 |
) |
|
(1.1 |
) | |||||
Net income (loss) |
$ |
0.6 |
|
$ |
(29.6 |
) |
$ |
(13.9 |
) |
$ |
(44.0 |
) |
$ |
2.6 |
| |||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||
General account assets |
$ |
3,150.2 |
|
$ |
1,940.6 |
|
$ |
1,666.2 |
|
$ |
1,402.6 |
|
$ |
1,212.0 |
| |||||
Separate account assets |
|
2,958.4 |
|
|
3,317.5 |
|
|
3,074.2 |
|
|
1,764.2 |
|
|
1,318.9 |
| |||||
Total assets |
$ |
6,108.6 |
|
$ |
5,258.1 |
|
$ |
4,740.4 |
|
$ |
3,166.8 |
|
$ |
2,530.9 |
| |||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Policyholders reserves and funds |
$ |
2,728.7 |
|
$ |
1,753.4 |
|
$ |
1,362.9 |
|
$ |
1,175.9 |
|
$ |
996.3 |
| |||||
Asset valuation and investment reserves |
|
15.8 |
|
|
16.1 |
|
|
20.8 |
|
|
22.7 |
|
|
23.9 |
| |||||
Other liabilities(1) |
|
64.9 |
|
|
(16.8 |
) |
|
135.8 |
|
|
108.7 |
|
|
50.8 |
| |||||
Separate account liabilities |
|
2,958.4 |
|
|
3,317.5 |
|
|
3,074.2 |
|
|
1,764.2 |
|
|
1,318.9 |
| |||||
Total liabilities |
|
5,767.8 |
|
|
5,070.2 |
|
|
4,593.7 |
|
|
3,071.5 |
|
|
2,389.9 |
| |||||
Shareholders Equity: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock |
|
2.5 |
|
|
2.5 |
|
|
2.5 |
|
|
2.5 |
|
|
2.5 |
| |||||
Paid-in capital and contributed surplus(2) |
|
390.3 |
|
|
198.8 |
|
|
153.8 |
|
|
68.8 |
|
|
68.8 |
| |||||
Unassigned surplus |
|
(52.0 |
) |
|
(13.4 |
) |
|
(9.6 |
) |
|
24.0 |
|
|
69.7 |
| |||||
Total shareholders equity |
|
340.8 |
|
|
187.9 |
|
|
146.7 |
|
|
95.3 |
|
|
141.0 |
| |||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ |
6,108.6 |
|
$ |
5,258.1 |
|
$ |
4,740.4 |
|
$ |
3,166.8 |
|
$ |
2,530.9 |
| |||||
Total adjusted capital data(3) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Total shareholders equity |
$ |
340.8 |
|
$ |
187.9 |
|
$ |
146.7 |
|
$ |
95.3 |
|
$ |
141.0 |
| |||||
Asset valuation reserve |
|
15.8 |
|
|
15.6 |
|
|
20.8 |
|
|
20.9 |
|
|
21.5 |
| |||||
Total adjusted capital |
$ |
356.6 |
|
$ |
203.5 |
|
$ |
167.5 |
|
$ |
116.2 |
|
$ |
162.5 |
| |||||
(1) | Includes payable to MassMutual of $46.4 million in 2002, $45.0 million in 2001, $61.2 million in 2000, $49.9 million in 1999 and $28.8 million in 1998. |
(2) | In 2002 , we received a related party capital contribution of $191.5 million from MassMutual representing the transfer of all of MML Bay State Life Insurance Companys outstanding shares of common stock. In 2001, 2000 and 1998, we received surplus contributions of $45.0 million, $85.0 million and $25.0 million, respectively, from MassMutual. |
(3) | Defined by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners as surplus plus asset valuation reserves. |
We reclassified prior year amounts to conform with the current year presentation.
9
Item 7. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations |
General
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with the audited Statutory Financial Statements, Notes to Statutory Financial Statements, and Selected Historical Financial Data. This Managements Discussion and Analysis reviews our financial condition at December 31, 2002 and 2001, our results of operations for the past three years and, where appropriate, factors that may affect our future financial performance.
Together with our parent, MassMutual and its subsidiaries, we comprise a growth-oriented, diversified financial services company that seeks to provide superior value for policyholders and other customers by achieving exceptional results. We are in the business of helping our customers achieve financial success while protecting their families and businesses. We are committed to maintaining a position of preeminent financial strength by achieving consistent and long-term profitable growth. This will be done by:
· | developing and distributing a broad and superior portfolio of innovative financial products and services, |
· | sophisticated asset/liability management, |
· | rigorous expense control, |
· | prudent underwriting standards, |
· | the adoption of efforts to improve persistency and retention levels, and |
· | continued commitment to the high credit quality of our general account investment portfolio. |
At December 31, 2002, we had approximately $6.1 billion in total statutory assets, over 280 thousand individual policyholders and $66.8 billion of direct individual life insurance in force. Our total adjusted capital, as defined by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC), was $356.6 million at December 31, 2002.
The following table sets forth the calculation of total adjusted capital:
December 31, | |||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 | |||||||
($ In Millions) | |||||||||
Shareholders equity |
$ |
340.8 |
$ |
187.9 |
$ |
146.7 | |||
Asset valuation reserve |
|
15.8 |
|
15.6 |
|
20.8 | |||
Total adjusted capital (1) |
$ |
356.6 |
$ |
203.5 |
$ |
167.5 | |||
(1) | Defined by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners as surplus plus asset valuation reserves. |
Objective testimony to our strong performance and market position is reflected in our ratings, which at year-end 2002 were again among the highest enjoyed by any company in any industry. Our, and MassMutuals, AAA (Extremely Strong) financial strength rating from Standard & Poors, A++ (Superior) financial strength rating from A.M. Best, and AAA (Exceptionally Strong) claims-paying rating from Fitch were the highest possible. Our, and MassMutuals, Aa1 financial strength rating from Moodys Investors Service was the highest in its Excellent category. Each rating agency independently assigns ratings based on its own separate review and takes into account a variety of factors, which are subject to change in making its decision. Accordingly, there can be no assurance of the ratings that will be afforded us in the future.
10
Forward-Looking Information
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a Safe harbor for forward-looking statements which are identified as such and are accompanied by the identification of important factors which could cause a material difference from the forward-looking statements.
Certain information contained in this discussion is or may be considered forward-looking. Forward-looking statements are those not based on historical information, but rather, relate to future operations, strategies, financial results, or other developments, and contain terms such as may, expects, should, believes, anticipates, intends, estimates, projects, goals, objectives, or similar expressions.
Forward-looking statements are based upon estimates and assumptions. These statements may change due to the business uncertainties, economic uncertainties, competitive uncertainties, and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. Additionally, our business decisions are also subject to change. We do not publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, as a result of new information, future developments, or otherwise.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth the components of our net income (loss):
Years Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
% Change 02 vs 01 |
% Change 01 vs 00 |
||||||||||||||
($ In Millions) |
||||||||||||||||||
Revenue: |
||||||||||||||||||
Premium income |
$ |
1,830.1 |
|
$ |
1,618.8 |
|
$ |
2,288.6 |
|
13 |
% |
(29 |
)% | |||||
Net investment income |
|
147.3 |
|
|
115.3 |
|
|
100.9 |
|
28 |
|
14 |
| |||||
Fees and other income |
|
143.1 |
|
|
72.5 |
|
|
75.8 |
|
97 |
|
(4 |
) | |||||
Total revenue |
|
2,120.5 |
|
|
1,806.6 |
|
|
2,465.3 |
|
17 |
|
(27 |
) | |||||
Benefits and Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||
Policyholders benefits and payments |
|
658.0 |
|
|
467.7 |
|
|
463.9 |
|
41 |
|
1 |
| |||||
Addition to policyholders reserves and funds |
|
1,204.6 |
|
|
1,059.6 |
|
|
1,679.7 |
|
14 |
|
(37 |
) | |||||
Commissions |
|
136.1 |
|
|
121.9 |
|
|
140.2 |
|
12 |
|
(13 |
) | |||||
Operating expenses, state taxes, licenses and fees |
|
170.4 |
|
|
183.3 |
|
|
185.2 |
|
(7 |
) |
(1 |
) | |||||
Federal income tax (benefit) |
|
12.5 |
|
|
(1.8 |
) |
|
7.2 |
|
794 |
|
(125 |
) | |||||
Total benefits and expenses |
|
2,181.6 |
|
|
1,830.7 |
|
|
2,476.2 |
|
19 |
|
(26 |
) | |||||
Net loss from operations |
|
(61.1 |
) |
|
(24.1 |
) |
|
(10.9 |
) |
(154 |
) |
(121 |
) | |||||
Net realized capital gains (losses) |
|
61.7 |
|
|
(5.5 |
) |
|
(3.0 |
) |
NM |
|
(83 |
) | |||||
Net income (loss) |
$ |
0.6 |
|
$ |
(29.6 |
) |
$ |
(13.9 |
) |
102 |
% |
(113 |
)% | |||||
NM = not meaningful, in excess of 900%.
The net income for 2002 is primarily attributable to increased realized capital gains resulting from an increase in the market value of hedging instruments, additional fee income from the new coinsurance agreement with MassMutual and increased net investment income, partially offset by earnings strain associated with the continued growth of the Companys annuity and life insurance businesses, an increase in annuity reserves for guaranteed minimum death benefits, higher surrender benefits and higher death claims. It is generally expected that the increase in policyholders reserves and costs related to the production of new business will exceed the amount of premium earned in the first year of a policy, causing operating losses. We expect that a certain level of losses may continue in conjunction with future growth.
Costs related to the production of new business include commissions and other variable producer compensation, management fees assessed by MassMutual and business issuance and processing costs, which include policy assembly and other customer service activities, including fluctuations in the market value of variable funds during the processing
11
of deposits. During 2002 and 2001, costs related to the production of new business as a percentage of premiums were higher, primarily due to strong fixed annuity sales and a lower portion of new business generated through variable annuity exchange programs with MassMutual contract owners. See Related party transactions, footnote 7, Notes to Statutory Financial Statements, for further information on the annuity exchange programs with MassMutual.
Net losses increased in 2001 primarily due to earnings strain associated with continued growth of the Companys life insurance business, higher death claims, and lower expense allowances on reinsurance ceded; partially offset by an increase in net investment income, higher fees from the administration of separate investment funds and a higher tax benefit.
Selected premium and life insurance information is presented below:
Years Ended December 31, |
|||||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
% Change 02 vs 01 |
% Change 01 vs 00 |
|||||||||||
($ In Millions) |
|||||||||||||||
Premium Income: |
|||||||||||||||
Term life |
$ |
13.7 |
$ |
19.4 |
$ |
18.6 |
(29 |
)% |
4 |
% | |||||
Universal, variable & corporate owned life |
|
506.1 |
|
503.8 |
|
467.7 |
|
|
8 |
| |||||
Annuities and supplementary contracts |
|
1,502.8 |
|
1,212.1 |
|
1,922.9 |
24 |
|
(37 |
) | |||||
Total direct premiums |
|
2,022.6 |
|
1,735.3 |
|
2,409.2 |
17 |
|
(28 |
) | |||||
Less: Reinsurance ceded |
|
192.5 |
|
116.5 |
|
120.6 |
65 |
|
(3 |
) | |||||
Total |
$ |
1,830.1 |
$ |
1,618.8 |
$ |
2,288.6 |
13 |
% |
(29 |
)% | |||||
Life Insurance Sales Face Amount: |
|||||||||||||||
Term life |
$ |
126.5 |
$ |
344.7 |
$ |
174.1 |
(63 |
)% |
98 |
% | |||||
Universal, variable & corporate owned life |
|
5,074.3 |
|
4,210.0 |
|
12,797.4 |
21 |
|
(67 |
) | |||||
Total direct sales |
|
5,200.8 |
|
4,554.7 |
|
12,971.5 |
14 |
|
(65 |
) | |||||
Less: Reinsurance ceded |
|
4,266.9 |
|
4,191.1 |
|
12,654.4 |
2 |
|
(67 |
) | |||||
Total |
$ |
933.9 |
$ |
363.6 |
$ |
317.1 |
157 |
% |
15 |
% | |||||
Life Insurance In Force Face Amount: |
|||||||||||||||
Term life |
$ |
8,159.7 |
$ |
8,977.7 |
$ |
8,848.5 |
(9 |
)% |
1 |
% | |||||
Universal, variable & corporate owned life |
|
58,683.8 |
|
57,899.5 |
|
56,113.6 |
1 |
|
3 |
| |||||
Total direct in-force |
|
66,843.5 |
|
66,877.2 |
|
64,962.1 |
|
|
3 |
| |||||
Less: Reinsurance ceded |
|
45,378.3 |
|
44,365.1 |
|
42,742.7 |
2 |
|
4 |
| |||||
Total |
$ |
21,465.1 |
$ |
22,512.1 |
$ |
22,219.4 |
(5 |
)% |
1 |
% | |||||
(In Whole Units) |
|||||||||||||||
Number of Policies In Force: |
|||||||||||||||
Term life |
|
18,060 |
|
19,995 |
|
22,346 |
(9 |
)% |
(11 |
)% | |||||
Universal, variable & corporate owned life |
|
174,625 |
|
177,575 |
|
177,274 |
(2 |
) |
|
| |||||
Annuities |
|
95,236 |
|
73,734 |
|
58,633 |
29 |
|
26 |
| |||||
Total |
|
287,921 |
|
271,304 |
|
258,253 |
6 |
% |
5 |
% | |||||
Premium income increased in 2002 primarily due to increases in premium received from annuity products. Increases in annuity product premium over 2001 were primarily the result of an increase in sales of fixed annuity products and increased sales of a new variable annuity product, which was introduced in July 2001.
Sales in 2002 of fixed annuity products increased to 45% of annuity sales from 16% in 2001. The decrease in variable annuity sales is a direct result of market performance and a reduction in premium received from variable annuity exchange programs with MassMutual.
Premium income decreased in 2001 primarily due to decreases in premiums of annuity products. The overall decrease in premium income was primarily the result of a reduction in premium received from variable annuity exchange programs with MassMutual.
12
In 2002, our business mix has shifted as a result of increasing sales of annuity products. Annuity products comprised 82% of total net premium income during 2002, compared to 75% in 2001 and 84% in 2000. In contrast, universal and other life products were 18% of total net premium income in 2002, compared to 25% in 2001, and 16% in 2000.
The components of net investment income are set forth in the table below:
Years Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
% Change 02 vs 01 |
% Change 01 vs 00 |
||||||||||||||
($ In Millions) |
||||||||||||||||||
Gross Investment Income: |
||||||||||||||||||
Bonds |
$ |
91.6 |
|
$ |
75.7 |
|
$ |
62.6 |
|
21 |
% |
21 |
% | |||||
Mortgage loans |
|
25.7 |
|
|
22.5 |
|
|
21.1 |
|
14 |
|
7 |
| |||||
Policy loans |
|
9.9 |
|
|
9.8 |
|
|
8.6 |
|
1 |
|
14 |
| |||||
Other investments |
|
16.2 |
|
|
5.8 |
|
|
1.5 |
|
179 |
|
287 |
| |||||
Cash and short-term investments |
|
7.6 |
|
|
5.6 |
|
|
9.1 |
|
36 |
|
(38 |
) | |||||
Total gross investment income |
|
151.0 |
|
|
119.4 |
|
|
102.9 |
|
26 |
|
16 |
| |||||
Less: Investment expenses |
|
(4.3 |
) |
|
(3.2 |
) |
|
(2.5 |
) |
34 |
|
28 |
| |||||
IMR amortization |
|
0.6 |
|
|
(0.9 |
) |
|
0.5 |
|
167 |
|
(280 |
) | |||||
Net Investment Income |
$ |
147.3 |
|
$ |
115.3 |
|
$ |
100.9 |
|
28 |
% |
14 |
% | |||||
Net investment income increased in 2002 primarily due to a 50% increase in average invested assets, partially offset by a decrease in the gross yield for the investment portfolio to 6.3% in 2002 from 7.5% in 2001. Net investment income increased in 2001 primarily due to a 21% increase in average invested assets, partially offset by a decrease in the gross yield for the investment portfolio to 7.5% in 2001 from 7.8% in 2000.
The increase in 2002 and 2001 gross investment income from bonds is due to increased investment levels, partially offset by lower yields. Annualized gross investment yields decreased as older, higher yielding bonds mature and are replaced with new bonds that have lower yields.
The increase in mortgage loans investment income in 2002 and 2001 is primarily due to an increase in the level of commercial mortgages, partially offset by a decrease in mortgage yields.
The increase in policy loan gross investment income in 2002 and 2001 is primarily due to an increase in average policy loan balances between years.
The increase in other investments gross investment income in 2002 is primarily due to increases in derivative instrument holdings. Average other investments increased 373% in 2002. See Portfolio risk management, footnote 5, Notes to Statutory Financial Statements, for further information. The increase in other investments gross investment income in 2001 is primarily due to an increase in income from interest rate swaps.
The increase in gross investment income from cash and short-term investments in 2002 is primarily due to an increase in average invested cash and short-term investments balances over the prior year. The decrease in gross investment income from cash and short-term investments in 2001 is primarily due to the declining interest rate environment, partially offset by an increase in average invested cash and short-term investment balances over 2000.
Fluctuations in market conditions will impact future investment results.
13
The components of fees and other income are set forth below:
Years Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
% Change 02 vs 01 |
% Change 01 vs 00 |
||||||||||||||
($ In Millions) |
||||||||||||||||||
Fees |
$ |
72.2 |
|
$ |
66.0 |
|
$ |
48.4 |
|
9 |
% |
36 |
% | |||||
Commission and expense allowance on |
||||||||||||||||||
reinsurance ceded |
|
97.7 |
|
|
36.7 |
|
|
55.7 |
|
166 |
|
(34 |
) | |||||
Reserve adjustments on reinsurance |
||||||||||||||||||
ceded |
|
(26.8 |
) |
|
(30.2 |
) |
|
(28.3 |
) |
11 |
|
(7 |
) | |||||
Total fees and other income |
$ |
143.1 |
|
$ |
72.5 |
|
$ |
75.8 |
|
97 |
% |
(5 |
)% | |||||
Fees and other income increased in 2002, as compared to 2001, primarily due to a new coinsurance agreement with MassMutual resulting in a $61.0 million increase in commissions and expense allowance on reinsurance ceded. This increase is enhanced by higher administrative fees collected from the management of investment accounts and lower reserve adjustments on reinsurance ceded. See Related party transactions, footnote 7, Notes to Statutory Financial Statements, for a more detailed description of the Companys modified coinsurance agreements with MassMutual.
Fees increased in 2001 due to increases in fees collected from the administration of separate accounts as a result of variable life and variable annuity sales. Commissions and expense allowances on reinsurance ceded decreased in 2001 primarily due to lower first year commission allowance on annuity products.
Policyholders benefits and payments increased in 2002, primarily due to an increase in annuity surrenders and benefit payments on individual annuity products. Annuity surrenders increased $157.6 million, or 43%, while annuity benefit payments increased $20.6 million, or 70%, from 2001, primarily due to lower market returns on separate account assets and continued business growth. The increase in policyholders benefits and payments in 2001 is primarily attributable to increased death benefits due to higher mortality, partially offset by lower annuity surrender benefits. Individual annuity surrenders decreased $21.4 million, or 6% in 2001.
The life insurance lapse rate, which is based on the amount of life insurance in force, improved to 5.9% for 2002 from 6.0% in 2001 and 7.4% in 2000. This decrease is due to improved customer service efforts and asset retention rates over the last two years. Death claims, net of reinsurance increased $9.4 million in 2002 and $24.3 million in 2001, primarily due to less favorable direct mortality.
Addition to policyholders reserves and funds includes transfers to and from the separate accounts, based upon policyholder elections, and the change in general account reserves. This increase during 2002 was primarily due to a $543.5 million increase in general account reserves, partially offset by a $305.3 million decrease in separate account withdrawals and other transfers and a $93.3 million increase in separate account deposits. The increase in 2002 in the change in general account reserves is primarily attributable to a $523.2 million increase in the change in annuity reserves and a $25.1 million increase in the change in life reserves. The increase in the change in annuity reserves is primarily due to increases in the reserves as a result of increased sales of fixed annuity products, the introduction of a new variable annuity product in 2001 and a 2002 increase in reserves for guaranteed minimum death benefits.
The decrease in addition to policyholders reserves and funds during 2001 was primarily due to a $928.8 million decrease in separate account deposits, partially offset by a $98.4 million decrease in separate account withdrawals and other transfers and a $209.9 million increase in general account reserves. The $209.9 million increase in 2001 in the general account reserves is primarily attributable to a $193.9 million increase in annuity reserves and a $16.0 million increase in life reserves. The 2001 increase in annuity reserves is primarily due to increases in the reserves of our fixed annuity products. The 2001 increase in life reserves is primarily due to new universal life products.
Commissions increased in 2002, primarily due to increased sales of annuity products. Annuity product commissions increased $26.1 million, or 60%, partially offset by a decrease in life insurance commissions of $12.0 million in 2002. The overall decrease in commissions as a percentage of sales is primarily due to a continued shift in the sales mix to annuity products, which have lower commission rates than life products. Commissions decreased in
14
2001 primarily due to a decrease in sales of annuity products and an increase in the sale of non-traditional life insurance products. Commissions on non-traditional life insurance products are lower than commissions charged on traditional life insurance products. In 2001, life insurance commissions decreased $13.2 million while commissions on annuity products decreased $5.1 million. Annuity commissions include amounts due MassMutual for participation in various variable annuity exchange programs.
Operating expenses, state taxes, licenses and fees decreased in 2002, primarily due to lower first year life insurance premium, partially offset by an increase in expenses associated with sales of annuity products. The decrease in operating expenses, state taxes, licenses and fees during 2001 was primarily attributable to the decrease in sales of annuity products. Management fees charged by MassMutual include increases in agency allowances and other expenses associated with the production of new business.
The increase in federal income taxes during 2002 is primarily attributable to the timing of the tax deductibility of policyholder acquisition costs and the difference between statutory insurance and tax reserves. The decrease in federal income taxes during 2001 is primarily attributable to the higher net loss from operations before federal income taxes plus the timing of the tax deductibility of policyholder acquisition costs and the difference between statutory insurance reserves and tax reserves.
Realized capital gains, after the transfer to the IMR, increased $67.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2002. This increase is primarily due to increased mark to market adjustments for derivative instruments, partially offset by higher credit related losses from the sale of bonds. The increase in 2001 realized capital losses after transfers to the IMR, is primarily attributable to credit related losses from the sale of bonds.
15
Statement of Financial Position
The following table sets forth our more significant assets, liabilities and shareholders equity:
Years Ended December 31, |
|||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
% Change |
|||||||||
($ In Millions) |
|||||||||||
Assets: |
|||||||||||
Bonds |
$ |
1,510.7 |
|
$ |
1,165.7 |
|
30 |
% | |||
Common stock-subsidiary |
|
194.0 |
|
|
|
|
100 |
| |||
Mortgage loans |
|
420.9 |
|
|
329.0 |
|
28 |
| |||
Policy loans |
|
132.9 |
|
|
132.4 |
|
|
| |||
Other investments |
|
110.3 |
|
|
24.2 |
|
356 |
| |||
Cash and short-term investments |
|
722.5 |
|
|
209.6 |
|
245 |
| |||
Total investments |
|
3,091.3 |
|
|
1,860.9 |
|
66 |
| |||
Other assets |
|
58.9 |
|
|
79.7 |
|
(26 |
) | |||
|
3,150.2 |
|
|
1,940.6 |
|
62 |
| ||||
Separate account assets |
|
2,958.4 |
|
|
3,317.5 |
|
(11 |
) | |||
Total assets |
$ |
6,108.6 |
|
$ |
5,258.1 |
|
16 |
% | |||
Liabilities and shareholders equity: |
|||||||||||
Policyholders reserves and funds |
$ |
2,728.7 |
|
$ |
1,753.4 |
|
56 |
% | |||
Asset valuation and other investment reserves |
|
15.8 |
|
|
16.1 |
|
(2 |
) | |||
Transfer due from separate accounts |
|
(94.3 |
) |
|
(123.7 |
) |
24 |
| |||
Other liabilities |
|
159.2 |
|
|
106.9 |
|
49 |
| |||
|
2,809.4 |
|
|
1,752.7 |
|
55 |
| ||||
Separate account liabilities |
|
2,958.4 |
|
|
3,317.5 |
|
(11 |
) | |||
Total liabilities |
|
5,767.8 |
|
|
5,070.2 |
|
14 |
| |||
Shareholders equity |
|
340.8 |
|
|
187.9 |
|
81 |
| |||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ |
6,108.6 |
|
$ |
5,258.1 |
|
16 |
% | |||
Assets
Total assets at December 31, 2002, increased by $850.5 million, or 16%, from December 31, 2001 primarily due to the growth in the Companys general account and the contribution of MML Bay State Life Insurance Company (Bay State) to the Company by MassMutual, partially offset by decreases in the Companys separate account assets.
General account assets increased $1,209.6 million or 62% from December 31, 2001, primarily due to increases in all categories of invested assets. These increases in investments were primarily the result of the Companys continued growth, the investment of cash flow generated by the Companys operations, derivative mark to market adjustments and the contribution of Bay State to the Company by MassMutual. The portfolio of general account invested assets is managed to support product liabilities in light of yield, liquidity and diversification considerations. The general investment account portfolio does not include the Companys separate account invested assets. The Companys separate account assets decreased $359.1 million or 11% primarily due to unfavorable market conditions and variable annuity surrenders.
Bonds increased 30% from December 31, 2001 to December 31, 2002. During the year $840.1 million of bonds were purchased, while maturities and sales proceeds totaled $486.2 million. There was a change in the mix of bonds at December 31, 2002, compared to December 31, 2001. Bond investments in U.S. Treasury and other government holdings decreased to 4% of the total portfolio at December 31, 2002, from 10% as of December 31, 2001 while mortgage backed securities increased from 9% to 16% during the same period.
16
Bonds and short-term securities in NAIC classes 1 and 2 increased to 68% at December 31, 2002 from 67% of general account invested assets at December 31, 2001. The percentage of our general account invested assets representing bonds and short-term investments in NAIC classes 3 through 6 decreased to 4% at December 31, 2002 from 7% at December 31, 2001. See Investments section for a related discussion of NAIC investment classes.
Common stock-subsidiary is $194.0 million at December 31, 2002 due to the contribution of Bay State to the Company by MassMutual during the third quarter of 2002. See Summary of significant accounting policies and practices, Footnote 2c Common stock-subsidiary, for additional information on this transaction.
The increase in mortgage loans is primarily attributed to a continuation of our strategy of increasing our investment in mortgage loans due to favorable market conditions. For the year ended December 31, 2002, $168.0 million of new loans were issued and $75.5 million was received on outstanding accounts.
The Companys cash and derivative positions are increasing primarily due to the increase in fixed annuity sales and a decrease in the supply of fixed income investments, such as bonds. The offerings of the public bond markets have become less attractive as bonds with lower credit risk are priced at very tight spreads over the Treasury rate. The Company uses a combination of derivatives and short-term investments to synthetically create temporary investment positions, which are highly liquid and of high quality. These synthetic investments perform like bonds and are held to improve the quality and performance of the general investment account until other suitable investments become available.
Other investments, consisting of interest rate swaps, financial options, forwards, asset, equity and currency swaps, real estate, unaffiliated common stocks, preferred stocks, and joint venture interests increased, primarily due to increases in the market value of derivative instruments and increases in unaffiliated common stock and joint venture interests. At December 31, 2002, the Company had interest rate swaps, financial options and currency swaps with notional amounts of $1,104.0 million, $379.5 million and $17.3 million, respectively. At December 31, 2001, the Company had interest rate swaps, financial options and currency swaps with notional amounts of $594.9 million, $669.5 million and $11.9 million, respectively.
Other assets decreased by 26% from December 31, 2001. This decrease is primarily due to a $20.5 million decrease in amounts recoverable from reinsurance.
Liabilities
As with assets, most of the 2002 increase in liabilities occurred in general account liabilities, partially offset by a decrease in separate account liabilities. The growth in the general account is primarily attributable to growth in policyholders reserves and funds, lower transfers due from separate accounts, and an increase in other liabilities.
The increase in policyholders reserves and funds was primarily due to the new sales of fixed annuity products, sales of life insurance products, and interest credited.
Transfers due from separate accounts decreased by 24% from December 31, 2001. Transfers due from separate accounts represents policyholders account values in excess of statutory benefit reserves. This decrease is consistent with the decline in separate account liabilities, primarily attributable to market conditions, and the increase in statutory reserves as contracts mature. Management believes that this trend will continue.
The increase in other liabilities in 2002 is primarily due to increases in payables for securities purchased of $24.8 million and federal income taxes payable of $22.5 million.
17
Shareholders Equity
The increase in shareholders equity at December 31, 2002 is primarily due to:
· | an increase in additional paid-in capital of $191.5 million from the contribution of Bay State to the Company by MassMutual, |
· | an increase of $2.9 million due to a change in deferred income taxes and |
· | net income of $0.6 million |
partially offset by:
· | a decrease of $34.9 million due to changes in reserve valuation bases and |
· | a decrease of $11.0 million due to a change in non-admitted assets. |
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity
Cash and short-term investments increased $512.9 million, or 245%, during 2002 primarily due to cash provided by operating activities partially offset by cash used in investing activities.
Net cash provided by operating activities increased $558.9 million in 2002. We attribute this increase primarily to increased fixed annuity sales, higher investment income, higher fees and other income and lower operating expenses.
Loans and purchases of investments increased $315.5 million, or 44%, primarily due to a higher level of bond and mortgage purchase activity during 2002. Sales and maturities of investments and receipts from repayments of loans increased $214.8 million, or 60%, in 2002. We attribute this increase primarily to higher bond sales proceeds and maturities in 2002.
MassMutual made capital contributions of $45.0 million in 2001 and $85.0 million in 2000. The Board of Directors of MassMutual authorized the contribution of funds to meet the capital requirements of all states in which we are licensed to do business.
We utilize sophisticated asset/liability analysis techniques in order to set the investment policy for each liability class. Additionally, we test the adequacy of the projected cash flow provided by assets to meet all of our future policyholder and other obligations. We perform these studies using stress tests regarding future credit and other asset losses, market interest rate fluctuations, claim losses, and other considerations. The result is a complete picture of the adequacy of our underlying assets, reserves, and capital.
We have structured our investment portfolio to ensure a strong liquidity position in order to permit timely payment of policy and contract benefits without requiring an untimely sale of assets. We manage our liquidity position by matching our exposure to cash demands with adequate sources of cash and other liquid assets.
Our principal sources of liquidity are operating cash flow and holdings of cash, cash equivalents, and other readily marketable assets. Our primary cash flow sources are investment income, principal repayments on invested assets, and premium.
Our liquid assets include U.S. Treasury bond holdings, short-term money market investments, stocks, and marketable long-term fixed income securities. Cash and short-term investments totaled $722.5 million at December 31, 2002. The carrying value of highly liquid securities, comprised of NAIC Class 1 and 2 publicly traded bonds, was approximately $1,639.1 million at December 31, 2002.
We proactively manage our liquidity position on an ongoing basis to meet cash needs while minimizing adverse impacts on investment returns. We analyze a variety of scenarios modeling potential demands on liquidity, taking into account the provisions of our policies and contracts in force, our cash flow position, and the volume of cash and readily marketable securities in our portfolio.
18
One of our primary liquidity concerns is the risk of early contract-holder and policyholder withdrawal. Life insurance policies are less susceptible to withdrawal than annuity contracts because annuities are primarily used as investment vehicles, while life policies are used to fulfill longer-term financial planning needs. We closely evaluate and manage our liquidity risk by, for example, including provisions in our products such as contingent deferred sales charges to discourage surrenders.
Based on our ongoing monitoring and analysis of our liquidity sources and demands, we believe that we are in a strong liquidity position.
Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2002, our total adjusted capital as defined by the NAIC was $356.6 million. The NAIC developed the Risk Based Capital (RBC) model to compare the total adjusted capital with a standard design in order to reflect an insurance companys risk profile. Although we believe that there is no single appropriate means of measuring RBC needs, we feel that the NAIC approach to RBC measurement is reasonable, and we manage our capital position with significant attention to maintaining adequate total adjusted capital relative to RBC. Our total adjusted capital was in excess of all RBC standards at December 31, 2002 and 2001. We believe that we are well positioned to meet policyholder and other obligations.
Inflation
A large portion of our operating expenses consists of administrative fees charged by MassMutual. The largest component of these fees is salaries, which are subject to wage increases that are at least partially affected by the rate of inflation. Our continuing efforts to control expenses may reduce the impact of inflation on operating expenses.
Inflation also indirectly affects us. New sales and surrenders of our insurance products, as well as investment income are influenced by inflation to the extent that the governments economic policy to control the level of inflation results in changes in interest rates.
19
Investments
General
As directed by our policyholders, a portion of our assets are policyholders investments in our separate accounts. We record the assets in our separate accounts at market value, and we pass all investment risks on to our policyholders. The following discussion focuses on the general investment account portfolio, which does not include our separate account assets.
At December 31, 2002, we had $3,091.3 million of invested assets in our general investment account. We manage the portfolio of invested assets to support the general account liabilities of the business in light of yield, liquidity, and diversification considerations.
The following table sets forth our invested assets in the general investment account and the related gross investment yield:
December 31, |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
Yield |
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
Yield |
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
Yield |
|||||||||||||||||||
($ In Millions) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bonds |
$ |
1,510.7 |
49 |
% |
7.1 |
% |
$ |
1,165.7 |
63 |
% |
7.6 |
% |
$ |
898.8 |
63 |
% |
8.0 |
% | |||||||||
Mortgage loans |
|
420.9 |
14 |
|
7.1 |
|
|
329.0 |
18 |
|
7.8 |
|
|
270.1 |
19 |
|
8.9 |
| |||||||||
Policy loans |
|
132.9 |
4 |
|
7.8 |
|
|
132.4 |
7 |
|
7.9 |
|
|
124.0 |
9 |
|
7.3 |
| |||||||||
Other investments |
|
304.3 |
10 |
|
10.4 |
|
|
24.2 |
1 |
|
25.0 |
|
|
27.9 |
2 |
|
5.8 |
| |||||||||
Cash and short-term investments |
|
722.5 |
23 |
|
1.6 |
|
|
209.6 |
11 |
|
3.5 |
|
|
115.4 |
7 |
|
6.3 |
| |||||||||
Total investments |
$ |
3,091.3 |
100 |
% |
6.3 |
% |
$ |
1,860.9 |
100 |
% |
7.5 |
% |
$ |
1,436.2 |
100 |
% |
7.8 |
% | |||||||||
We calculate the yield on each investment category, before federal income taxes as: (a) two times gross investment income divided by (b) the sum of assets at the beginning of the year and assets at the end of the year, less gross investment income. After expenses and IMR amortization net annualized yields were 6.1%, 7.3% and 7.7% for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Bonds
Bonds consist primarily of government securities and high quality marketable corporate debt securities. We invest a significant portion of our investments in high quality publicly traded bonds in order to maintain and manage liquidity and reduce the risk of default in the portfolio.
Substantially all of our publicly traded and privately placed bonds are evaluated by the NAICs Securities Valuation Office (SVO), which assigns securities to one of six NAIC investment credit classes, with Class 1 securities being the highest quality and Class 6 securities being the lowest quality. Classes 1 and 2 are investment grade, Class 3 is medium quality, and Classes 4, 5 and 6 are non-investment grade. For securities which have not yet been rated by the NAIC, we use an internal rating system. We believe that our internal rating system is similar to that used by the SVO.
20
The table below sets forth the NAIC SVO ratings for our bond portfolio (including short-term securities) and, what we believe are the equivalent rating agency designations. At December 31, 2002 and 2001, 94% and 91%, respectively, of the portfolio was invested in NAIC Classes 1 and 2 securities.
Bond Credit Quality
(includes short-term securities)
December 31, |
||||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||||||
NAIC Bond Classes |
Rating Agency |
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
|||||||||
($ In Millions) |
||||||||||||||
1 |
Aaa/Aa/A |
$ |
1,185.8 |
53 |
% |
$ |
663.3 |
48 |
% | |||||
2 |
Baa |
|
911.4 |
41 |
|
|
588.1 |
43 |
| |||||
3 |
Ba |
|
88.3 |
4 |
|
|
81.2 |
6 |
| |||||
4 |
B |
|
20.5 |
1 |
|
|
30.5 |
2 |
| |||||
5 |
Caa and lower |
|
7.0 |
|
|
|
4.2 |
|
| |||||
6 |
In or near default |
|
13.8 |
1 |
|
|
4.5 |
1 |
| |||||
Total |
$ |
2,226.8 |
100 |
% |
$ |
1,371.8 |
100 |
% | ||||||
The tables below set forth the NAIC SVO ratings for our publicly traded and privately placed components of our bond portfolio, including short-term securities:
Publicly Traded Bond Credit Quality
(includes short-term securities)
December 31, |
||||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||||||
NAIC Bond Classes |
Rating Agency |
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
|||||||||
($ In Millions) |
||||||||||||||
1 |
Aaa/Aa/A |
$ |
987.3 |
59 |
% |
$ |
513.6 |
55 |
% | |||||
2 |
Baa |
|
651.7 |
39 |
|
|
387.6 |
41 |
| |||||
3 |
Ba |
|
33.2 |
2 |
|
|
27.1 |
3 |
| |||||
4 |
B |
|
7.3 |
|
|
|
6.6 |
1 |
| |||||
5 |
Caa and lower |
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
| |||||
6 |
In or near default |
|
2.8 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
| |||||
Total |
$ |
1,683.3 |
100 |
% |
$ |
936.5 |
100 |
% | ||||||
Privately Placed Bond Credit Quality
(includes short-term securities)
December 31, |
||||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||||||
NAIC Bond Classes |
Rating Agency |
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
|||||||||
($ In Millions) |
||||||||||||||
1 |
Aaa/Aa/A |
$ |
198.5 |
37 |
% |
$ |
149.7 |
34 |
% | |||||
2 |
Baa |
|
259.6 |
48 |
|
|
200.5 |
46 |
| |||||
3 |
Ba |
|
55.1 |
10 |
|
|
54.1 |
12 |
| |||||
4 |
B |
|
13.2 |
2 |
|
|
23.9 |
6 |
| |||||
5 |
Caa and lower |
|
6.1 |
1 |
|
|
2.9 |
1 |
| |||||
6 |
In or near default |
|
11.0 |
2 |
|
|
4.2 |
1 |
| |||||
Total |
$ |
543.5 |
100 |
% |
$ |
435.3 |
100 |
% | ||||||
21
We utilize our investments in the privately placed bond portfolio to enhance the value of our overall portfolio, increase diversification, and obtain higher yields than are possible with comparable quality public market securities. To control risk when utilizing privately placed securities, we rely upon:
· | broader access to management information, |
· | strengthened negotiated protective covenants, |
· | call protection features, and |
· | a higher level of collateralization than can customarily be achieved in the public market. |
The strength of our privately placed bond portfolio is demonstrated by the predominance of NAIC Classes 1 and 2 securities.
The following table sets forth by industry category the total bond portfolio, including short-term securities, as of December 31, 2002:
Bond Portfolio by Industry
(includes short-term securities)
December 31, 2002 |
||||||||||||||||||
Public |
Private |
Total |
||||||||||||||||
Industry Category |
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
||||||||||||
($ In Millions) |
||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-Backed Securities |
$ |
395.6 |
24 |
% |
$ |
48.5 |
9 |
% |
$ |
444.1 |
20 |
% | ||||||
Consumer Services |
|
171.9 |
10 |
|
|
133.0 |
24 |
|
|
304.9 |
14 |
| ||||||
Finance & Leasing Co. |
|
199.7 |
12 |
|
|
32.8 |
6 |
|
|
232.5 |
10 |
| ||||||
Utilities |
|
144.8 |
8 |
|
|
42.0 |
8 |
|
|
186.8 |
8 |
| ||||||
Capital Goods |
|
85.9 |
5 |
|
|
95.0 |
18 |
|
|
180.9 |
8 |
| ||||||
Natural Resources |
|
109.3 |
7 |
|
|
57.5 |
11 |
|
|
166.8 |
8 |
| ||||||
Government |
|
145.2 |
8 |
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
145.7 |
7 |
| ||||||
Media |
|
114.6 |
7 |
|
|
22.9 |
4 |
|
|
137.5 |
6 |
| ||||||
Consumer Cyclicals |
|
72.6 |
4 |
|
|
24.4 |
5 |
|
|
97.0 |
4 |
| ||||||
Healthcare |
|
77.7 |
5 |
|
|
8.9 |
2 |
|
|
86.6 |
4 |
| ||||||
Technology |
|
68.0 |
4 |
|
|
9.2 |
1 |
|
|
77.2 |
4 |
| ||||||
Asset-Backed Securities |
|
22.7 |
1 |
|
|
40.7 |
8 |
|
|
63.4 |
3 |
| ||||||
Transportation |
|
27.1 |
2 |
|
|
11.4 |
2 |
|
|
38.5 |
2 |
| ||||||
Retail |
|
24.8 |
2 |
|
|
7.0 |
1 |
|
|
31.8 |
1 |
| ||||||
Telecommunications |
|
19.4 |
1 |
|
|
6.7 |
1 |
|
|
26.1 |
1 |
| ||||||
Others |
|
4.0 |
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
7.0 |
|
| ||||||
Total |
$ |
1,683.3 |
100 |
% |
$ |
543.5 |
100 |
% |
$ |
2,226.8 |
100 |
% | ||||||
22
Bond Portfolio Surveillance and Under-Performing Investments
To identify under-performing investments, we review all bonds on a regular basis utilizing the following criteria:
· | material declines in revenues or margins, |
· | significant uncertainty regarding the issuers industry, |
· | debt service coverage or cash flow ratios that fall below industry-specific thresholds, |
· | violation of financial covenants, |
· | trading of public securities at a substantial discount due to specific credit concerns, and |
· | other subjective factors that relate to the issuer. |
We actively review the bond portfolio to estimate the likelihood and amount of financial defaults or write-downs in the portfolio and to make timely decisions as to the potential sale or renegotiation of terms of specific investments.
The NAIC defines under-performing bonds as those whose deferral of interest and/or principal payments are deemed to be caused by the inability of the obligor to make such payments as called for in the bond contract. At December 31, 2002, we had $16.9 million of under-performing bonds. At December 31, 2001, we had $5.1 million of under-performing bonds.
As a result of our conservative monitoring process, we generate an internal watch list, which includes certain securities that would not be classified as under-performing under the SVO credit rating system. At December 31, 2002, bonds having a carrying value of $60.2 million, or 3%, of the total bond portfolio including short-term securities, had been placed on our internal watch list. The internal watch list is comprised of bonds that have the following NAIC ratings:
· | $6.3 million NAIC Class 1, |
· | $24.2 million NAIC Class 2, |
· | $14.9 million NAIC Class 3, |
· | $10.3 million NAIC Class 4, |
· | $3.0 million NAIC Class 5, and |
· | $1.5 million NAIC Class 6 |
Mortgage Loans
At December 31, 2002, mortgage loans represented 14% of the total investments in the general account compared to 18% at December 31, 2001. Mortgage loans consist of commercial mortgage loans and residential mortgage loan pools. At December 31, 2002, commercial mortgage loans comprised 64% of the mortgage loan portfolio compared to 68% at December 31, 2001.
Commercial
Our commercial mortgage loan portfolio consists of fixed and floating rate loans on completed, income producing properties. The majority of the portfolio is fixed rate mortgages.
At December 31, 2002, 91.6% of our commercial mortgage loan portfolio consisted of bullet loans compared to 95.5% at December 31, 2001. Bullet loans are loans that do not fully amortize over their term.
During 2002 and 2001, all renewed bullet loans were performing assets prior to renewal and all loan renewals reflected market conditions. Past experience with regard to bullet maturities, however, is not necessarily indicative of future results.
23
We consider the maturities of commercial mortgage loans to be sufficiently diversified, and carefully monitor and manage maturities in light of our liquidity needs. In 2002, we added 42 new loans for $116.8 million, 16 of which were office buildings for $51.9 million. Additionally, in 2002, borrowers paid off 16 loans, which totaled $30.8 million.
The following tables set forth, by property type and geographic distribution, the carrying value of commercial mortgage loan balances:
Commercial Mortgage Loans by Property Type
December 31, |
||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||||
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
|||||||||
($ In Millions) |
||||||||||||
Office |
$ |
138.6 |
52 |
% |
$ |
129.8 |
58 |
% | ||||
Apartments |
|
54.4 |
20 |
|
|
25.5 |
12 |
| ||||
Hotels & motels |
|
47.7 |
18 |
|
|
45.3 |
20 |
| ||||
Retail |
|
17.2 |
6 |
|
|
15.8 |
7 |
| ||||
Industrial & other |
|
11.2 |
4 |
|
|
7.4 |
3 |
| ||||
$ |
269.1 |
100 |
% |
$ |
223.8 |
100 |
% | |||||
Commercial Mortgage Loans by Geographic Distribution
December 31, |
||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||||
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
Carrying Value |
% of Total |
|||||||||
($ In Millions) |
||||||||||||
West |
$ |
65.9 |
24 |
% |
$ |
53.5 |
24 |
% | ||||
Northeast |
|
55.7 |
21 |
|
|
37.7 |
17 |
| ||||
Midwest |
|
43.4 |
16 |
|
|
49.4 |
22 |
| ||||
Southwest |
|
39.5 |
15 |
|
|
35.0 |
16 |
| ||||
MidAtlantic |
|
34.3 |
13 |
|
|
23.4 |
10 |
| ||||
Southeast |
|
30.3 |
11 |
|
|
24.8 |
11 |
| ||||
$ |
269.1 |
100 |
% |
$ |
223.8 |
100 |
% | |||||
Residential
Our residential mortgage loan portfolio consists of conventional and Federal Home Administration and Veterans Administration (FHA/VA) mortgage pools. We impose rigorous investment standards, including governmental agency guarantees, seasoned pools, and discount pricing as protection against prepayment risk.
24
Mortgage Loan Portfolio Surveillance and Under-Performing Investments
We actively monitor, manage and directly service our commercial mortgage loan portfolio. We review all aspects of loan origination and portfolio management, including:
· | lease analysis, |
· | property transfer analysis, |
· | economic and financial reviews, |
· | tenant analysis, and |
· | oversight of default and bankruptcy proceedings. |
We revalue all properties each year and re-inspect all properties either annually or every other year based on internal quality ratings.
We use the following criteria to determine whether a current or potential problem exists:
· | borrower bankruptcies, |
· | major tenant bankruptcies, |
· | requests for restructuring, |
· | delinquent tax payments, |
· | late payments, |
· | loan-to-value or debt service coverage deficiencies, and |
· | overall vacancy levels. |
There were no current and potential problem mortgage loans consisting of restructure mortgage loans at December 31, 2002. The carrying value of current and potential problem mortgage loans, consisting of restructured mortgage loans, was $2.8 million at December 31, 2001. There were no problem commercial mortgage loans in process of foreclosure, in default, or in actively managed properties.
The asset valuation reserve contains a mortgage loan component, which totaled $6.0 million at December 31, 2002. See Investment Reserves.
Investment Reserves
When we determine that it is probable that the estimated fair value of an invested asset is less than our carrying value, we establish and record appropriate write-downs or investment reserves in accordance with statutory practice.
We determine the net realizable value of bonds in accordance with principles established by the SVO using criteria such as:
· | the net worth and capital structure of the borrower, |
· | the value of the collateral, |
· | the presence of additional credit support, and |
· | our evaluation of the borrowers ability to compete in a relevant market. |
25
In the case of commercial mortgage loans, we make borrower and property-specific assessments as well.
In compliance with regulatory requirements, we maintain the AVR. The AVR stabilizes surplus against non-interest rate related fluctuations in the value of stocks and bonds.
Our total investment reserves at December 31, 2002, are $15.8 million a decrease of $0.3 million, or 2%, from $16.1 million at December 31, 2001.
The following table presents the change in total investment reserves for the years 2002 and 2001:
Total Investment Reserves |
||||||||||||||||
Bonds, Preferred Stocks, and Short-term Investments |
Mortgage Loans |
Other Investments |
Total |
|||||||||||||
($ In Millions) |
||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2000(1) |
$ |
10.5 |
|
$ |
7.6 |
|
$ |
2.7 |
|
$ |
20.8 |
| ||||
Reserve contributions(2) |
|
7.4 |
|
|
(2.3 |
) |
|
0.5 |
|
|
5.6 |
| ||||
Net realized capital gains (losses)(3) |
|
(6.0 |
) |
|
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
(5.8 |
) | ||||
Unrealized capital losses(4) |
|
(1.1 |
) |
|
|
|
|
(3.4 |
) |
|
(4.5 |
) | ||||
Net change to shareholders equity(5) |
|
0.3 |
|
|
(2.3 |
) |
|
(2.7 |
) |
|
(4.7 |
) | ||||
Balance at December 31, 2001(1) |
$ |
10.8 |
|
$ |
5.3 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
16.1 |
| ||||
Reserve contributions(2) |
|
6.8 |
|
|
1.1 |
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
8.4 |
| ||||
Net realized capital (losses) gains(3) |
|
(6.0 |
) |
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
(0.6 |
) |
|
(6.8 |
) | ||||
Unrealized capital losses(4) |
|
(2.3 |
) |
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
0.5 |
|
|
(1.9 |
) | ||||
Net change to shareholders equity(5) |
|
(1.5 |
) |
|
0.8 |
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
(0.3 |
) | ||||
Balance at December 31, 2002(1) |
$ |
9.3 |
|
$ |
6.1 |
|
$ |
0.4 |
|
$ |
15.8 |
| ||||
(1) | The balance is comprised of the AVR and other investment reserves which are recorded as liabilities on the statement of financial position as follows: |
AVR |
Other Investment Reserves |
Total | |||||||
(In Millions) | |||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2000 |
$ |
20.8 |
|
|
$ |
20.8 | |||
Balance at December 31, 2001 |
$ |
15.6 |
$ |
0.5 |
$ |
16.1 | |||
Balance at December 31, 2002 |
$ |
15.8 |
|
|
$ |
15.8 |
(2) | Amounts represent contributions calculated on a statutory formula and other amounts we deem necessary. The statutory formula provides for maximums that when exceeded cause a negative contribution. Additionally, these amounts represent the net impact on shareholders equity for investment gains and losses not related to changes in interest rates, transfers among categories and changes in the general investment reserves. |
(3) | These amounts offset realized capital gains (losses), net of tax, that have been recorded as a component of net income. Amounts include realized capital gains and losses, net of tax, on sales not related to interest fluctuations, such as repayments of mortgage loans at a discount and mortgage loan foreclosures. |
(4) | These amounts offset unrealized capital gains (losses), recorded as a change in shareholders equity. Amounts primarily include unrealized losses due to market value reductions of bonds and preferred stock and unrealized losses due to market value reductions of other invested assets. |
(5) | Amounts represent the reserve contribution (note 2) less amounts already recorded (notes 3 and 4). This net change in reserves is recorded as a change in shareholders equity. |
26
Item 7a. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We developed the following discussion of our risk-management activities using forward-looking statements that are based on estimates and assumptions. While we believe that the assumptions we have made are reasonably possible in the near term, actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. In addition, we would likely take certain actions to mitigate the impacts of the assumed market changes, thereby reducing the negative impact discussed below.
We have excluded all separate account assets and liabilities from the following discussion since all market risks associated with those accounts are not borne by us, rather they are assumed by the contract-holders.
Our assets, such as bonds, mortgage loans, policy loans, and derivatives are financial instruments and are subject to the risk of market volatility and potential market disruptions. These risks may reduce the value of our financial instruments, or impact future cash flows and earnings from those instruments. We do not hold any financial instruments for the purposes of trading.
Our primary market risk exposure is changes in interest rates, which can cause changes in the fair value, cash flows, and earnings of certain financial instruments. To manage our exposure to interest rate changes we use sophisticated quantitative asset/liability management techniques. Asset/liability management allows us to match the market sensitivity of assets with the liabilities they support. If these sensitivities are matched perfectly, the impact of interest rate changes is effectively offset on an economic basis as the change in value of the asset is offset by a corresponding change in the value of the supported liability. In addition, we invest a significant portion of our investment funds in high quality bonds in order to maintain and manage liquidity and reduce the risk of default in the portfolio.
Based upon the information and assumptions we used in our asset/liability analysis as of December 31, 2002, we estimate that a hypothetical immediate 10% increase in interest rates would decrease the net fair value of our financial instruments by $42.4 million. A change in interest rates of 10% would not have a material impact on our future earnings or cash flows. A significant portion of our liabilities, e.g., insurance policy and claim reserves, are not considered financial instruments and are excluded from the above analysis. Because of our asset/liability management, a corresponding change in the fair values of these liabilities, based on the present value of estimated cash flows, would significantly offset the net decrease in fair value estimated above.
We also use derivative financial instruments to manage our market risks, primarily to reduce interest rate and duration imbalances determined in asset/liability analyses. The investment risk is assessed on a portfolio basis and derivative financial instruments are not designated as a hedge with respect to a specific risk; therefore, the criteria for hedge accounting is not met. We do not hold or issue these financial instruments for trading purposes.
The notional amounts described do not represent amounts exchanged by the parties and, thus, are not a measure of our exposure. The amounts exchanged are calculated on the basis of the notional amounts and the other terms of the instruments, which relate to interest rates, exchange rates, security prices, or financial or other indexes.
We utilize interest rate swap agreements and options to reduce interest rate exposures arising from mismatches between assets and liabilities and to modify portfolio profiles to manage other risks identified. Under interest rate swaps, we agree to an exchange, at specified intervals, between streams of variable rate and fixed rate interest payments, calculated by reference to an agreed-upon notional principal amount. The fair value of these contracts is included in other investments on the Statutory Statements of Financial Position. Changes in the fair value of these contracts are recorded as realized gains and losses when contracts are closed and at each reporting date. Net amounts receivable and payable are accrued as adjustments to net investment income and are included in other investments on the Statutory Statements of Financial Position. Gains and losses realized on the termination or assignment of contracts are recognized as realized capital gains and losses.
27
Options grant the purchaser the right to buy or sell a security or enter into a derivative transaction at a stated price within a stated period. Our option contracts have terms of up to fifteen years. The fair value of these contracts is included in other investments on the Statutory Statements of Financial Position. Changes in the fair value of these contracts are recorded as realized gains and losses when contracts are closed and at each reporting date.
We utilize currency swaps for the purpose of managing currency exchange risks. Changes in the fair value of these contracts are recorded as realized gains and losses when contracts are closed and at each reporting date.
We enter into forward U.S. Treasury, Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) commitments and other commitments for the purpose of managing interest rate exposure. We generally do not take delivery on forward commitments. These commitments are instead settled with offsetting transactions. Changes in the value of these contracts are recorded as realized capital gains and losses when contracts are closed and at each reporting date.
We are exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by counterparties to derivative financial instruments. In many instances, we enter into agreements with counterparties which allow for contracts in a positive position to be offset by contracts in a negative position. This right of offset combined with collateral obtained from counterparties, reduces our overall exposure. The amounts at risk in a net gain position were $78.7 million at December 31, 2002, and $12.5 million at December 31, 2001. We monitor exposure to ensure counterparties are credit worthy and concentration of exposure is minimized.
The following table summarizes the carrying value, fair value and notional amount of the Companys derivative financial instruments:
December 31, 2002 | |||||||||
Carrying Value |
Fair Value |
Notional Amount | |||||||
(In Millions) | |||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
$ |
65.8 |
$ |
65.8 |
$ |
1,104.0 | |||
Options |
|
6.8 |
|
6.8 |
|
379.5 | |||
Currency swaps |
|
1.0 |
|
1.0 |
|
17.3 | |||
Forward commitments, equity and asset swaps |
|
3.3 |
|
3.3 |
|
244.5 | |||
Total |
$ |
76.9 |
$ |
76.9 |
$ |
1,745.3 | |||
December 31, 2001 | |||||||||
Carrying Value |
Fair Value |
Notional Amount | |||||||
(In Millions) | |||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
$ |
6.7 |
$ |
6.7 |
$ |
594.9 | |||
Options |
|
3.8 |
|
3.8 |
|
669.5 | |||
Currency swaps |
|
0.8 |
|
0.8 |
|
11.9 | |||
Forward commitments, equity and asset swaps |
|
|
|
|
|
8.3 | |||
Total |
$ |
11.3 |
$ |
11.3 |
$ |
1,284.6 | |||
28
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Financial statements, in the form required by Regulation S-X, are set forth below. We are not required to file supplementary financial data specified by Item 302 of Regulation S-K.
29
Report of Independent Auditors
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
C.M. Life Insurance Company:
We have audited the accompanying statutory statements of financial position of C.M. Life Insurance Company (the Company) as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the related statutory statements of income, changes in shareholders equity, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
As described more fully in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company has prepared these financial statements using statutory accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the State of Connecticut Insurance Department, which practices differ from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The effects on the financial statements of the variances between the statutory basis of accounting and accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, although not reasonably determinable, are presumed to be material.
In our opinion, because of the effects of the matters discussed in the preceding paragraph, the statutory financial statements referred to above do not present fairly, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, the financial position of C.M. Life Insurance Company as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, or the results of its operations or its cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000.
In our opinion, the statutory financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of C.M. Life Insurance Company at December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the results of its operations and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, on the basis of accounting described in Note 2.
As discussed in Note 3 to the statutory financial statements, the Company effective January 1, 2001 adopted certain statutory accounting practices as a result of the State of Connecticut Insurance Departments adoption of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners Accounting Practices and Procedures Manual.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Hartford, Connecticut
March 6, 2003
FF-1
C.M. Life Insurance Company
STATUTORY STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
December 31, | ||||||
2002 |
2001 | |||||
(In Millions) | ||||||
Assets: |
||||||
Bonds |
$ |
1,510.7 |
$ |
1,165.7 | ||
Common stocksubsidiary |
|
194.0 |
|
| ||
Mortgage loans |
|
420.9 |
|
329.0 | ||
Policy loans |
|
132.9 |
|
132.4 | ||
Other investments |
|
110.3 |
|
24.2 | ||
Cash and short-term investments |
|
722.5 |
|
209.6 | ||
Total invested assets |
|
3,091.3 |
|
1,860.9 | ||
Accrued investment income |
|
32.4 |
|
27.8 | ||
Insurance amounts receivable |
|
16.4 |
|
44.8 | ||
Deferred income taxes |
|
10.1 |
|
7.1 | ||
|
3,150.2 |
|
1,940.6 | |||
Separate account assets |
|
2,958.4 |
|
3,317.5 | ||
Total assets |
$ |
6,108.6 |
$ |
5,258.1 | ||
See Notes to Statutory Financial Statements.
FF-2
C.M. Life Insurance Company
STATUTORY STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION, Continued
December 31, |
||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||
($ In Millions Except for Par Value) |
||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||
Policyholders reserves |
$ |
2,712.3 |
|
$ |
1,745.5 |
| ||
Deposit fund balances |
|
16.4 |
|
|
7.9 |
| ||
Policyholders claims and other benefits |
|
16.3 |
|
|
7.0 |
| ||
Transfers due (from) separate accounts |
|
(94.3 |
) |
|
(123.7 |
) | ||
Payable to parent |
|
46.4 |
|
|
45.0 |
| ||
Federal income taxes |
|
45.0 |
|
|
22.5 |
| ||
Asset valuation and other investment reserves |
|
15.8 |
|
|
16.1 |
| ||
Other liabilities |
|
51.5 |
|
|
32.4 |
| ||
|
2,809.4 |
|
|
1,752.7 |
| |||
Separate account liabilities |
|
2,958.4 |
|
|
3,317.5 |
| ||
Total liabilities |
|
5,767.8 |
|
|
5,070.2 |
| ||
Shareholders equity: |
||||||||
Common stock, $200 par value |
|
2.5 |
|
|
2.5 |
| ||
Paid-in and contributed surplus |
|
390.3 |
|
|
198.8 |
| ||
Surplus |
|
(52.0 |
) |
|
(13.4 |
) | ||
Total shareholders equity |
|
340.8 |
|
|
187.9 |
| ||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ |
6,108.6 |
|
$ |
5,258.1 |
| ||
See Notes to Statutory Financial Statements.
FF-3
C.M. Life Insurance Company
STATUTORY STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Years Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
||||||||||
(In Millions) |
||||||||||||
Revenue: |
||||||||||||
Premium income |
$ |
1,830.1 |
|
$ |
1,618.8 |
|
$ |
2,288.6 |
| |||
Net investment income |
|
147.3 |
|
|
115.3 |
|
|
100.9 |
| |||
Fees and other income |
|
143.1 |
|
|
72.5 |
|
|
75.8 |
| |||
Total revenue |
|
2,120.5 |
|
|
1,806.6 |
|
|
2,465.3 |
| |||
Benefits and expenses: |
||||||||||||
Policyholders benefits and payments |
|
658.0 |
|
|
467.7 |
|
|
463.9 |
| |||
Addition to policyholders reserves and funds |
|
1,204.6 |
|
|
1,059.6 |
|
|
1,679.7 |
| |||
Operating expenses |
|
152.3 |
|
|
168.5 |
|
|
170.0 |
| |||
Commissions |
|
136.1 |
|
|
121.9 |
|
|
140.2 |
| |||
State taxes, licenses and fees |
|
18.1 |
|
|
14.8 |
|
|
15.2 |
| |||
Federal income tax expense (benefit) |
|
12.5 |
|
|
(1.8 |
) |
|
7.2 |
| |||
Total benefits and expenses |
|
2,181.6 |
|
|
1,830.7 |
|
|
2,476.2 |
| |||
Net loss from operations |
|
(61.1 |
) |
|
(24.1 |
) |
|
(10.9 |
) | |||
Net realized capital gains (losses) |
|
61.7 |
|
|
(5.5 |
) |
|
(3.0 |
) | |||
Net income (loss) |
$ |
0.6 |
|
$ |
(29.6 |
) |
$ |
(13.9 |
) | |||
See Notes to Statutory Financial Statements.
FF-4
C.M. Life Insurance Company
STATUTORY STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
Years Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
||||||||||
(In Millions) |
||||||||||||
Shareholders equity, beginning of year, as previously reported |
$ |
187.9 |
|
$ |
146.7 |
|
$ |
95.3 |
| |||
Cumulative effect of the change in statutory accounting principles |
|
|
|
|
15.9 |
|
|
|
| |||
Shareholders equity, beginning of year, as adjusted |
|
187.9 |
|
|
162.6 |
|
|
95.3 |
| |||
Increase (decrease) due to: |
||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
|
0.6 |
|
|
(29.6 |
) |
|
(13.9 |
) | |||
Change in net unrealized capital gains (losses) |
|
1.1 |
|
|
(4.9 |
) |
|
(3.6 |
) | |||
Change in asset valuation and other investment reserves |
|
0.3 |
|
|
4.7 |
|
|
1.9 |
| |||
Additional paid-in and contributed surplus |
|
191.5 |
|
|
45.0 |
|
|
85.0 |
| |||
Change in non-admitted assets |
|
(11.0 |
) |
|
8.1 |
|
|
(9.1 |
) | |||
Change in reserve valuation bases |
|
(34.9 |
) |
|
|
|
|
(9.0 |
) | |||
Other |
|
5.3 |
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
0.1 |
| |||
Net increase |
|
152.9 |
|
|
25.3 |
|
|
51.4 |
| |||
Shareholders equity, end of year |
$ |
340.8 |
|
$ |
187.9 |
|
$ |
146.7 |
| |||
See Notes to Statutory Financial Statements.
FF-5
C.M. Life Insurance Company
STATUTORY STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
||||||||||
(In Millions) |
||||||||||||
Operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ |
0.6 |
|
$ |
(29.6 |
) |
$ |
(13.9 |
) | |||
Addition to policyholders reserves and policy benefits, net of |
|
970.6 |
|
|
406.2 |
|
|
98.1 |
| |||
Change in accrued investment income |
|
(4.6 |
) |
|
(6.4 |
) |
|
(4.6 |
) | |||
Change in federal income tax payable |
|
22.5 |
|
|
10.2 |
|
|
19.6 |
| |||
Net realized capital (gains) losses |
|
(61.7 |
) |
|
5.5 |
|
|
3.0 |
| |||
Other changes |
|
31.1 |
|
|
13.7 |
|
|
(33.6 |
) | |||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
958.5 |
|
|
399.6 |
|
|
68.6 |
| |||
Investing activities: |
||||||||||||
Loans and purchases of investments |
|
(1,029.0 |
) |
|
(713.5 |
) |
|
(574.2 |
) | |||
Sales and maturities of investments and receipts
from |
|
575.4 |
|
|
360.6 |
|
|
354.9 |
| |||
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
(453.6 |
) |
|
(352.9 |
) |
|
(219.3 |
) | |||
Financing activities: |
||||||||||||
Policyholders account balance deposits |
|
16.6 |
|
|
5.2 |
|
|
|
| |||
Policyholders account balance withdrawals |
|
(8.6 |
) |
|
(2.7 |
) |
|
(0.9 |
) | |||
Additional paid-in and contributed surplus |
|
|
|
|
45.0 |
|
|
85.0 |
| |||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
8.0 |
|
|
47.5 |
|
|
84.1 |
| |||
Increase (decrease) in cash and short-term investments |
|
512.9 |
|
|
94.2 |
|
|
(66.6 |
) | |||
Cash and short-term investments, beginning of year |
|
209.6 |
|
|
115.4 |
|
|
182.0 |
| |||
Cash and short-term investments, end of year |
$ |
722.5 |
|
$ |
209.6 |
|
$ |
115.4 |
| |||
See Notes to Statutory Financial Statements.
FF-6
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements
1. | NATURE OF OPERATIONS |
C.M. Life Insurance Company (the Company) is a wholly-owned stock life insurance subsidiary of Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company (MassMutual). The Company provides life insurance and annuities to individuals and group life insurance to institutions.
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES |
a. | Basis of presentation |
The accompanying statutory financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the statutory accounting practices, except as to form, of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) and the accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the State of Connecticut Insurance Department (Department).
On January 1, 2001, the Company adopted the Codification of Statutory Accounting Principles (Codification). Codification provides a comprehensive guide of statutory accounting principles for use by insurers in the United States of America. See Note 3 for additional information with respect to the adoption of new accounting standards.
Statutory accounting practices are different in some respects from financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). The more significant differences between accounting principles pursuant to statutory and GAAP are as follows: (a) acquisition costs, such as commissions and other variable costs that are directly related to acquiring new business, are charged to current operations as incurred, whereas GAAP would require these expenses to be capitalized and recognized over the life of the policies; (b) statutory policy reserves are based upon the Commissioners Reserve Valuation Methods and statutory mortality and interest assumptions, whereas GAAP reserves would generally be based upon net level premium or the estimated gross margin method with appropriate estimates of future mortality and interest assumptions; (c) bonds are generally carried at amortized cost, whereas GAAP generally requires reporting at fair value; (d) deferred income taxes, which provide for book/tax temporary differences, are subject to limitation and are charged directly to shareholders equity, whereas GAAP would include deferred taxes as a component of net income; (e) payments received for universal and variable life products and variable annuities are reported as premium income and changes in reserves, whereas, under GAAP, these payments would be recorded as deposits to policyholders account balances; (f) majority-owned subsidiaries are accounted for using the equity method, whereas GAAP would consolidate these entities; (g) assets are reported at admitted asset value and non-admitted assets are excluded through a charge against shareholders equity, while under GAAP, non-admitted assets are recorded, net of any valuation allowance; and (h) reinsurance recoverables are reported as a reduction of policyholders reserves and funds, while under GAAP, these recoverables are reported as an asset.
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as well as disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during reporting periods. The most significant estimates include those used in determining investment valuation reserves, other than temporary impairments and the liability for future policyholders reserves and funds. Future events, including, but not limited to, changes in the levels of mortality, interest rates, persistency and asset valuations, could cause actual results to differ from the estimates used in the financial statements. Although some variability is inherent in these estimates, management believes the amounts presented are appropriate.
b. | Bonds |
Bonds are valued in accordance with rules established by the NAIC. Generally, bonds are valued at amortized cost, using the constant yield method.
The values of bonds are adjusted for impairments in value deemed to be other than temporary. The Company considers the following factors in the evaluation of whether a decline in value is other than temporary: (a) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer; (b) the Companys ability and intent to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery in value; and (c) the period and degree to which the market value has been below cost. If the impairment is other than temporary, a direct write-down is recognized in the Statutory Statements of Income as a realized capital loss, and a new cost basis is established. Bond transactions are recorded on a trade date basis.
FF-7
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
For mortgage-backed securities included in bonds, the Company recognizes income using a constant yield based on anticipated prepayments and the estimated economic life of the securities. When estimates of prepayments change, the effective yield is recalculated to reflect actual payments to date and anticipated future payments. The net investment in these securities is adjusted to the amount that would have existed had the new effective yield been applied since the acquisition of the securities. This adjustment is reflected in net investment income.
c. | Common stock-subsidiary |
During 2002, MML Bay State Life Insurance Company (Bay State) became a wholly-owned stock life insurance subsidiary of the Company through the contribution of all of Bay States outstanding shares of common stock from MassMutual to the Company. The Companys investment in Bay State is classified as Common stock-subsidiary on the Statutory Statements of Financial Position. The Company accounts for the value of its investment in Bay State at its underlying statutory net equity. Bay State operating results, less dividends declared, are reflected as net unrealized capital gains in the Statutory Statements of Changes in Shareholders Equity.
This transaction was in the form of a related party capital contribution and is therefore considered a non-economic transaction. The transaction was recorded at existing book value and no realized capital gain or loss was recorded on this transaction.
d. | Mortgage loans |
Mortgage loans are valued at amortized cost, net of valuation reserves. The Company discontinues the accrual of interest on mortgage loans which are delinquent more than 90 days or when collection is uncertain. Interest income earned on impaired loans is accrued on the net carrying value of the loan based on the loans effective interest rate; however, interest is not accrued for impaired loans more than 60 days past due. When it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts of principal and interest due according to the contractual terms of the mortgage loan agreement, a valuation reserve is established for the excess of the carrying value of the mortgage loan over its estimated fair value. The estimated fair value is based on the collateral value of the loan. Changes in the valuation reserves for mortgage loans are included in net unrealized capital gains and losses. When an event occurs resulting in an impairment that is other than temporary, a direct write-down is recognized in the Statutory Statements of Income as a realized capital loss, and a new cost basis is established. Collateral value is used as the measurement method if foreclosure becomes probable.
e. | Policy loans |
Policy loans are carried at the outstanding loan balance less amounts unsecured by the cash surrender value of the policy. Accrued investment income on policy loans more than 90 days past due is included in the unpaid balance of the policy loan.
f. | Other investments |
Other investments primarily include derivatives, real estate, unaffiliated common stocks and preferred stocks.
The Company uses derivative financial instruments in the normal course of business to manage its investment risks, primarily to reduce interest rate and duration imbalances determined in asset/liability analyses. The investment risk is assessed on a portfolio basis and derivative financial instruments are not designated as a hedge with respect to a specific risk; therefore, the criteria for hedge accounting is not met.
Derivatives are included in other investments on the Statutory Statements of Financial Position. Derivatives are carried at fair value and changes in fair values are recorded as realized capital gains and losses on the Statutory Statements of Income. In cases where the Company receives or pays a premium as consideration for entering into a derivative instrument, the premium is amortized into investment income over the useful life of the derivative instrument. The Companys derivative strategy employs a variety of instruments, including interest rate and currency swaps, options, forward commitments and asset and equity swaps.
Common stocks are valued in accordance with rules established by the NAIC. Generally, common stocks are valued at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in shareholders equity. The values of common stocks are adjusted for impairments in value deemed to be other than temporary.
FF-8
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
The Company considers the following factors in the evaluation of whether a decline in value is other than temporary: (a) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer; (b) the Companys ability and intent to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery in value; and (c) the period and degree to which the market value has been below cost. If the impairment is other than temporary, a direct write down is recognized in the Statutory Statements of Income as a realized capital loss, and a new cost basis is established. Common stock transactions are recorded on a trade date basis. |
Preferred stocks in good standing are valued at cost and are included in other investments on the Statutory Statements of Financial Position.
g. | Cash and short-term investments |
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of twelve months or less to be short-term investments. Short-term investments are carried at amortized cost, which approximates fair value.
h. | Accrued investment income |
Accrued investment income is valued in accordance with rules established by the NAIC. Accrued investment income consists primarily of interest and dividends. Interest is recognized on an accrual basis and dividends are recorded as earned at the ex-dividend date. Due and accrued income is not recorded on: (a) unpaid interest on bonds in default, (b) interest on mortgage loans delinquent more than 90 days or where collection of interest is uncertain, (c) rent in arrears for more than three months, (d) policy loan interest due and accrued in excess of cash value, and (e) due and accrued interest on non-admitted assets.
i | Separate accounts |
Separate account assets and liabilities represent segregated funds administered and invested by the Company for the benefit of variable annuity and variable life insurance policyholders. Assets consist principally of marketable securities reported at fair value and are not available to satisfy liabilities that arise from any other business of the Company. Separate account liabilities represent segregated contract owner funds maintained in accounts with individual investment objectives. The Company receives administrative and investment advisory fees from these accounts.
Separate accounts reflect two categories of risk assumption: non-guaranteed separate accounts for which the policyholder assumes the investment risk and guaranteed separate accounts. The Company did not have any guaranteed separate accounts at December 31, 2002 or 2001. Premium income, benefits and expenses of the separate accounts are reported in the Statutory Statements of Income. Investment income and realized and unrealized capital gains and losses on the assets of separate accounts accrue directly to policyholders and, accordingly, are not reflected in the Statutory Statements of Income.
j | Non-Admitted assets |
Assets designated as non-admitted by the NAIC include prepaid agent commissions, other prepaid expenses and disallowed interest maintenance reserves and are excluded from the Statutory Statements of Financial Position by an adjustment to shareholders equity.
k. | Policyholders reserves |
Policyholders reserves provide amounts adequate to discharge estimated future obligations in excess of estimated future premiums on policies in force. Reserves for life insurance contracts are developed using accepted actuarial methods computed principally on the net level premium, the Commissioners Reserve Valuation Method and the California Method bases using the 1980 Commissioners Standard Ordinary mortality tables with assumed interest rates ranging from 4.00% to 4.50%.
Reserves for individual annuities are based on account value or accepted actuarial methods, principally at interest rates ranging from 5.25% to 7.25%.
Tabular interest, tabular less actual reserves released and tabular cost for all life contracts are determined based upon statutory regulations. Traditional life permanent and term products use a formula that applies a weighted average interest rate determined from a seriatim valuation file to the mean average reserves.
FF-9
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
Universal and variable life products use a formula that applies a weighted average credited rate to the mean average account value. Corporate owned life insurance products use a formula, which applies a weighted average credited rate to the mean account value. For single premium deferred annuities, basic data was used and for supplementary contracts, a formula was used based upon statutory regulations.
The Company waives deduction of deferred fractional premiums on death and returns any portion of the final premium beyond the date of death. Reserves are computed using continuous functions to reflect these practices. The Company reserves for any surrender value promised in excess of the reserve as legally computed.
The reserve method applied to standard policies is used for substandard reserve calculations which are based on a substandard mortality rate (a multiple of standard reserve tables).
The Company had $3,542.5 million of insurance in force at December 31, 2002, for which the gross premium is less than the net premium according to the standard valuation set by the Department.
Guaranteed minimum death benefit reserves (GMDB) on certain variable universal life and annuity products are also established by the Company. These reserves are largely a function of historical separate account returns and assumptions regarding future separate account returns as well as the contractual provisions of the issued GMDBs. The GMDB reserve balance at December 31, 2002 and 2001 was $22.8 million and $21.2 million, respectively.
During 2002, the Company reflected Actuarial Guidelines XXXVII and XXXVIII related to reserves on certain universal life policies issued prior to December 31, 2001, resulting in a $36.1 million decrease in shareholders equity.
During 2002, the Company reflected Actuarial Guideline XXXIV for minimum guaranteed death benefits included in variable annuity contracts, resulting in a $1.2 million increase in shareholders equity.
During 2000, the Company adopted the continuous application of the Commissioners Reserve Valuation Method of calculating individual annuity reserves resulting in a $9.0 million decrease to shareholders equity. Previously, the Company used a curtate application of the Commissioners Reserve Valuation Method.
All policy liabilities and accruals are based on the various estimates discussed above. Management believes that policy liabilities and accruals will be sufficient, in conjunction with future revenues, to meet future obligations of policies and contracts in force.
l. | Deposit fund balances |
Reserves for supplemental contracts and annuities certain are based on account value or accepted actuarial methods.
m. | Transfers due from separate accounts |
Transfers due from separate accounts represent a net receivable from the Companys separate account.
n. | Asset valuation and other investment reserves |
The Company maintains an Asset Valuation Reserve (AVR). The AVR and other investment reserves stabilize shareholders equity against fluctuations in the value of stocks, bonds, mortgage loans and real estate investments.
o. | Other liabilities |
Other liabilities primarily include payables for securities purchased, amounts payable on reinsurance contracts, outstanding drafts and due and accrued expenses.
p. | Reinsurance |
The Company enters into reinsurance agreements with MassMutual and other insurance companies in the normal course of business in order to limit its insurance risk. Assets and liabilities related to reinsurance ceded contracts are reported on a net basis. Premium income, benefits to policyholders and reserves are stated net of reinsurance.
FF-10
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
Reinsurance premium, commissions, expense reimbursements, benefits and reserves related to reinsured business are accounted for on bases consistent with those used in accounting for the original policies issued and the terms of the reinsurance contracts. The Company remains primarily liable to the insured for the payment of benefits if the reinsurer cannot meet its obligations under the reinsurance agreements.
q. | Premium and related expense recognition |
Life insurance premium revenue is recognized annually on the anniversary date of the policy. Annuity premium is recognized when received. Commissions and other costs related to issuance of new policies, and policy maintenance and settlement costs are charged to current operations when incurred.
r. | Realized capital gains and losses |
Net realized after tax capital losses of $8.9 million in 2002, $0.9 million in 2001 and $5.1 million in 2000 were deferred into the Interest Maintenance Reserve (IMR). Amortization of the IMR into net investment income amounted to $0.6 million in 2002, $(0.9) million in 2001 and $0.5 million in 2000. Realized capital gains and losses, net of taxes, not included in the IMR, are recognized in net income. Realized capital gains and losses, other than those related to separate accounts, are determined using the specific identification method. All security transactions are recorded on a trade date basis. Unrealized capital gains and losses are recorded as a change in shareholders equity.
3. | NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS |
On January 1, 2001, the Codification of Statutory Accounting Principles (Codification) became effective and was adopted by the Company. Codification provides a comprehensive guide of statutory accounting principles for use by insurers in the United States of America. The cumulative effect of this change in statutory accounting principles on shareholders equity of $15.9 million was principally due to a change in accounting for certain investments in derivatives, the exclusion of a cost of collection liability and the admission of a net deferred tax asset.
In May 2002, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners issued Statement of Statutory Accounting Principles (SSAP) No. 86 Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging, Income Generation, and Replication (Synthetic Asset) Transactions with an effective date of January 1, 2003. SSAP No. 86 supercedes SSAP No. 31 Derivative Instruments and establishes statutory accounting principles for derivative instruments and hedging, income generation, and replication (synthetic asset) transactions using selected concepts outlined in Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 133 Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. SSAP No. 86 requires that derivative instruments used in hedging transactions that meet the criteria of a highly effective hedge shall be valued and reported in a manner that is consistent with the hedged asset or liability. SSAP No. 86 also requires that derivative instruments used in hedging transactions that do not meet or no longer meet the criteria of an effective hedge shall be accounted for at fair value and the changes in fair value shall be recorded as unrealized gains or unrealized losses. Adoption of SSAP No. 86 by the Company will change the reporting of derivatives mark-to-market that do not qualify for hedge accounting from realized gains and losses to unrealized gains and losses.
Certain 2001 and 2000 balances have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.
FF-11
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
4. | INVESTMENTS |
The Company maintains a diversified investment portfolio. Investment policies limit concentration in any asset class, geographic region, industry group, economic characteristic, investment quality or individual investment.
a. | Bonds |
The carrying value and estimated fair value of bonds were as follows:
December 31, 2002 | ||||||||||||
Carrying Value |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
Estimated Fair Value | |||||||||
(In Millions) | ||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
$ |
58.5 |
$ |
0.5 |
$ |
|
$ |
59.0 | ||||
Debt securities issued by foreign governments |
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.4 | ||||
Asset-backed securities |
|
54.3 |
|
0.1 |
|
0.1 |
|
54.3 | ||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
|
244.7 |
|
1.5 |
|
|
|
246.2 | ||||
State and local governments |
|
1.1 |
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
1.4 | ||||
Corporate debt securities |
|
1,072.1 |
|
20.1 |
|
3.4 |
|
1,088.8 | ||||
Utilities |
|
69.9 |
|
2.9 |
|
0.6 |
|
72.2 | ||||
Affiliates |
|
8.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
8.7 | ||||
$ |
1,510.7 |
$ |
25.4 |
$ |
4.1 |
$ |
1,532.0 | |||||
December 31, 2001 | ||||||||||||
Carrying Value |
Gross Unrealized Gains |
Gross Unrealized Losses |
Estimated Fair Value | |||||||||
(In Millions) | ||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
$ |
119.7 |
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
119.7 | ||||
Debt securities issued by foreign governments |
|
2.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
2.1 | ||||
Asset-backed securities |
|
49.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
49.5 | ||||
Mortgage-backed securities |
|
109.1 |
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
109.5 | ||||
State and local governments |
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
1.1 | ||||
Corporate debt securities |
|
812.3 |
|
5.2 |
|
2.9 |
|
814.6 | ||||
Utilities |
|
63.9 |
|
1.1 |
|
|
|
65.0 | ||||
Affiliates |
|
8.0 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
7.8 | ||||
$ |
1,165.7 |
$ |
6.7 |
$ |
3.1 |
$ |
1,169.3 | |||||
FF-12
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
The carrying value and estimated fair value of bonds at December 31, 2002 by contractual maturity are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties.
Carrying Value |
Estimated Fair Value | |||||
(In Millions) | ||||||
Due in one year or less |
$ |
35.4 |
$ |
35.5 | ||
Due after one year through five years |
|
316.7 |
|
320.5 | ||
Due after five years through ten years |
|
728.9 |
|
744.4 | ||
Due after ten years |
|
103.8 |
|
104.2 | ||
|
1,184.8 |
|
1,204.6 | |||
Asset and mortgage-backed securities, and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies |
|
325.9 |
|
327.4 | ||
$ |
1,510.7 |
$ |
1,532.0 | |||
The purchases, sales and maturities of bonds were as follows:
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||
2002 |
2001 | |||||
(In Millions) | ||||||
Cost of investments acquired |
$ |
840.1 |
$ |
550.3 | ||
Proceeds from investments sold, matured or repaid |
|
482.6 |
|
275.0 | ||
Gross realized capital gains |
|
3.3 |
|
1.6 | ||
Gross realized capital losses |
|
14.3 |
|
9.3 |
Portions of realized gains and losses were deferred into the IMR. Other than temporary impairments on bonds during the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 were $6.3 million and $4.7 million, respectively, and were included in the gross realized capital losses noted above.
The Company is not exposed to any significant credit concentration risk of a single or group non-governmental issue.
b. | Common stock-subsidiary |
During 2002, MML Bay State Life Insurance Company (Bay State) became a wholly-owned stock life insurance subsidiary of the Company through the contribution of all of Bay States outstanding shares of common stock from MassMutual to the Company.
Summarized below is statutory financial information for Bay State as of and for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001:
2002 |
2001 | |||||
(In Millions) | ||||||
Assets |
$ |
3,872.2 |
$ |
3,870.1 | ||
Liabilities |
|
3,678.2 |
|
3,689.8 | ||
Total revenue |
|
193.2 |
|
676.2 | ||
Net income |
|
14.7 |
|
25.4 |
c. | Mortgage loans |
Mortgage loans, comprised primarily of commercial mortgage loans, were $420.9 million, net of valuation reserves of $0.1 million at December 31, 2002. Mortgage loans were $329.0 million at December 31, 2001. There was no valuation reserve at December 31, 2001. The Companys mortgage loans primarily finance various types of commercial properties throughout the United States. There were no other than temporary impairments recorded for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001. There were no restructured loans at December 31, 2002. The book value of restructured loans was $2.8 million at December 31, 2001. These loans typically have been modified to defer a portion of the contractual interest payments to future periods. Interest deferred to future periods was immaterial in 2002 and 2001.
FF-13
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
At December 31, 2002, scheduled mortgage loan maturities were as follows (in millions):
2003 |
$ |
12.4 | |
2004 |
|
24.9 | |
2005 |
|
56.5 | |
2006 |
|
31.6 | |
2007 |
|
7.5 | |
Thereafter |
|
136.2 | |
Commercial mortgage loans |
|
269.1 | |
Mortgage loan pools |
|
151.8 | |
Total mortgage loans |
$ |
420.9 | |
The Company invests in mortgage loans collateralized principally by commercial real estate. During 2002, commercial mortgage loan lending rates ranged from 2.17% to 10.00%.
The purchases, sales and maturities of mortgage loans were as follows:
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||
2002 |
2001 | |||||
(In Millions) | ||||||
Cost of investments acquired |
$ |
168.0 |
$ |
119.4 | ||
Proceeds from investments sold, matured or repaid |
|
75.5 |
|
61.0 | ||
Gross realized capital gains |
|
0.1 |
|
0.6 | ||
Gross realized capital losses |
|
0.4 |
|
0.0 |
The maximum percentage of any one loan to the value of security at the time the loan was originated, exclusive of insured, guaranteed or purchase money mortgages, was 84% and 78% at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively.
The geographic distributions of the mortgage loans were as follows:
December 31, | ||||||
2002 |
2001 | |||||
(In Millions) | ||||||
California |
$ |
63.7 |
$ |
50.3 | ||
Texas |
|
33.3 |
|
21.3 | ||
Florida |
|
20.3 |
|
16.6 | ||
New York |
|
17.2 |
|
12.4 | ||
Illinois |
|
16.6 |
|
27.3 | ||
Massachusetts |
|
13.3 |
|
21.4 | ||
All other states |
|
104.7 |
|
74.5 | ||
Commercial mortgage loans |
|
269.1 |
|
223.8 | ||
Nationwide loan pools |
|
151.8 |
|
105.2 | ||
Total mortgage loans |
$ |
420.9 |
$ |
329.0 | ||
d. | Other investments |
Net investment income on derivative instruments was $14.5 million and $1.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. There was no net investment income on derivative instruments for the year ended December 31, 2000.
FF-14
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
e. | Net realized capital gains and losses |
Net realized capital gains and losses were comprised of the following:
Years Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
||||||||||
(In Millions) |
||||||||||||
Bonds |
$ |
(11.0 |
) |
$ |
(7.7 |
) |
$ |
(0.4 |
) | |||
Mortgage loans |
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
0.6 |
|
|
(1.6 |
) | |||
Closed derivatives |
|
(9.0 |
) |
|
(1.2 |
) |
|
(8.4 |
) | |||
Derivatives mark-to-market |
|
68.5 |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
| |||
Other investments |
|
(1.2 |
) |
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
| |||
Federal and state taxes |
|
5.8 |
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
2.3 |
| |||
Net realized capital gains (losses) before deferral to IMR |
|
52.8 |
|
|
(6.4 |
) |
|
(8.1 |
) | |||
Losses deferred to IMR |
|
13.7 |
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
7.9 |
| |||
Less: taxes on net deferred losses |
|
(4.8 |
) |
|
(0.5 |
) |
|
(2.8 |
) | |||
Net deferred to IMR |
|
8.9 |
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
5.1 |
| |||
Total net realized capital gains (losses) |
$ |
61.7 |
|
$ |
(5.5 |
) |
$ |
(3.0 |
) | |||
5. | PORTFOLIO RISK MANAGEMENT |
The Company uses derivative financial instruments in the normal course of business to manage its investment risks, primarily to reduce interest rate and duration imbalances determined in asset/liability analyses. The investment risk is assessed on a portfolio basis and derivative financial instruments are not designated as a hedge with respect to a specific risk; therefore, the criteria for hedge accounting are not met. The Companys derivative strategy employs a variety of instruments, including interest rate and currency swaps, options, forward commitments and asset and equity swaps.
Under interest rate swaps, the Company agrees to an exchange, at specified intervals, between streams of variable rate and fixed rate interest payments calculated by reference to an agreed-upon notional principal amount. The fair value of these contracts is included in other investments on the Statutory Statements of Financial Position. Changes in the fair value of these contracts are recorded as realized capital gains and losses when contracts are closed and at each reporting date. Net amounts receivable and payable are accrued as adjustments to net investment income and included in other investments on the Statutory Statements of Financial Position. Gains and losses realized on the termination or assignment of contracts are recognized as realized capital gains and losses.
Options grant the purchaser the right to buy or sell a security or enter into a derivative transaction at a stated price within a stated period. The Companys option contracts have terms of up to fifteen years. The fair value of options is included in other investments on the Statutory Statements of Financial Position. Changes in the value of these contracts are recorded as realized capital gains and losses when contracts are closed and at each reporting date.
The Company utilizes currency swaps for the purpose of managing currency exchange risks. Changes in the value of these contracts are recorded as realized capital gains and losses when contracts are closed and at each reporting date.
The Company utilizes certain other agreements including forward commitments, and asset and equity swaps to reduce exposures to various risks. The Company enters into forward U.S. Treasury, Government National Mortgage Association, Federal National Mortgage Association and other commitments for the purpose of managing interest rate exposure. The Company generally does not take delivery on forward commitments. These commitments are instead settled with offsetting transactions. Changes in the value of these contracts are recorded as realized capital gains and losses in the Statutory Statements of Income when contracts are closed and at each reporting date.
The Company is exposed to credit related losses in the event of nonperformance by counterparties to derivative financial instruments. In many instances, the Company enters into agreements with the counterparties which allow for contracts in a positive position, where the Company is due amounts, to be offset by contracts in a negative position. This right of offset combined with collateral obtained from counterparties, reduces the Companys exposure. The amounts at risk in a net gain position, were $78.7 million and $12.5 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The Company monitors exposure to ensure counterparties are credit worthy and concentration of exposure is minimized.
FF-15
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
The following table summarizes the carrying value, fair value and notional amount of the Companys derivative financial instruments:
December 31, 2002 | |||||||||
Carrying Value |
Fair Value |
Notional Amount | |||||||
(In Millions) | |||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
$ |
65.8 |
$ |
65.8 |
$ |
1,104.0 | |||
Options |
|
6.8 |
|
6.8 |
|
379.5 | |||
Currency swaps |
|
1.0 |
|
1.0 |
|
17.3 | |||
Forward commitments, equity and asset swaps |
|
3.3 |
|
3.3 |
|
244.5 | |||
Total |
$ |
76.9 |
$ |
76.9 |
$ |
1,745.3 | |||
December 31, 2001 | |||||||||
Carrying Value |
Fair Value |
Notional Amount | |||||||
(In Millions) | |||||||||
Interest rate swaps |
$ |
6.7 |
$ |
6.7 |
$ |
594.9 | |||
Options |
|
3.8 |
|
3.8 |
|
669.5 | |||
Currency swaps |
|
0.8 |
|
0.8 |
|
11.9 | |||
Forward commitments, equity and asset swaps |
|
|
|
|
|
8.3 | |||
Total |
$ |
11.3 |
$ |
11.3 |
$ |
1,284.6 | |||
The notional amounts described above do not represent amounts exchanged by the parties and, thus, are not a measure of the exposure of the Company. The amounts exchanged are calculated on the basis of the notional amounts and the other terms of the instruments, which relate to interest rates, exchange rates, security prices or financial or other indexes.
6. | FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS |
Fair values are based on quoted market prices, when available. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. These valuation techniques require management to develop a significant number of assumptions, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flow. Derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets or to disclosures by other companies with similar financial instruments. These fair value disclosures may not represent the amount that could be realized in immediate settlement of the financial instrument. The use of different assumptions or valuation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.
The following methods and assumptions were used in estimating fair value disclosures for financial instruments:
Bonds, common and preferred stocks: Estimated fair value of bonds and stocks is based on quoted market prices when available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are determined by discounting expected future cash flows using current market rates applicable to yield, credit quality and maturity of the investment or using quoted market prices for comparable investments.
Mortgage loans: The fair value of mortgage loans is estimated by discounting expected future cash flows, using current interest rates for similar loans with similar credit risk. For non-performing loans, the fair value is the estimated collateral value of the underlying real estate.
Policy loans, cash and short-term investments: Estimated fair value for these instruments approximates the carrying amounts reported in the Statutory Statements of Financial Position.
Derivative financial instruments: Fair value for these instruments is based upon quotations obtained from independent sources.
Investment-type insurance contracts: The estimated fair value for liabilities under investment-type insurance contracts is determined by discounting future cash flows at current market rates.
FF-16
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
The following table summarizes the carrying value and fair values of the Companys financial instruments at December 31, 2002 and 2001:
2002 |
2001 | |||||||||||
Carrying Value |
Fair Value |
Carrying Value |
Fair Value | |||||||||
(In Millions) | ||||||||||||
Financial assets: |
||||||||||||
Bonds |
$ |
1,510.7 |
$ |
1,532.0 |
$ |
1,165.7 |
$ |
1,169.3 | ||||
Common stocksunaffiliated |
|
16.0 |
|
16.0 |
|
5.3 |
|
5.3 | ||||
Preferred stocks |
|
8.3 |
|
9.0 |
|
6.2 |
|
6.3 | ||||
Mortgage loans |
|
420.9 |
|
447.6 |
|
329.0 |
|
337.9 | ||||
Policy loans |
|
132.9 |
|
132.9 |
|
132.4 |
|
132.4 | ||||
Derivative financial instruments |
|
76.9 |
|
76.9 |
|
11.3 |
|
11.3 | ||||
Cash and short-term investments |
|
722.5 |
|
722.5 |
|
209.6 |
|
209.6 | ||||
Financial liabilities: |
||||||||||||
Investment-type insurance contracts |
|
1,506.4 |
|
1,505.6 |
|
670.1 |
|
670.4 |
7. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
MassMutual and the Company have an agreement whereby MassMutual, for a fee, furnishes the Company, as required, operating facilities, human resources, computer software development and managerial services. Also, investment and administrative services are provided to the Company pursuant to a management services agreement with MassMutual. Fees incurred under the terms of these agreements were $161.8 million, $171.6 million and $172.6 million in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. While management believes that these fees are calculated on a reasonable basis, these fees may not necessarily be indicative of the costs that would have been incurred on a stand-alone basis.
The Company participates in variable annuity exchange programs with its parent whereby certain MassMutual variable annuity contract holders can make a non-taxable exchange of their contract for an enhanced Company variable annuity contract. The Company received premium income of $256.2 million, $295.6 million and $1,090.9 million in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively, related to these exchange programs. The Company has an agreement with MassMutual to compensate MassMutual for the lost revenue associated with the exchange of these contracts. As a result of these exchanges, the Company has recorded commissions payable of $5.3 million and $0.4 million as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively and has paid $5.2 million and $15.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. There were no commissions paid to MassMutual for the year ended December 31, 2000.
The Company cedes a portion of its life insurance business to MassMutual and other insurers in the normal course of business. The Companys retention limit per individual insured is $15.0 million; the portion of the risk exceeding the retention limit is reinsured with other insurers, including MassMutual.
The Company has a modified coinsurance quota-share reinsurance agreement with MassMutual whereby the Company cedes 75% of the premium on certain universal life policies. In return, MassMutual pays the Company a stipulated expense allowance, death and surrender benefits, and a modified coinsurance adjustment based upon experience. The Company retains the assets and related reserves for payment of future benefits on the ceded policies. Premium income of $23.2 million, $22.9 million and $26.7 million was ceded to MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Fees and other income include a $7.5 million, $8.1 million and a $9.1 million expense allowance from MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. In addition, a modified coinsurance adjustment of $26.8 million, $30.2 million and $28.1 million was ceded to MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Policyholders benefits of $37.4 million, $33.8 million and $38.4 million were ceded to MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
The Company also has a stop-loss agreement with MassMutual under which the Company cedes claims which, in aggregate, exceed 0.32% of the covered volume for any year, with maximum coverage of $25.0 million above the aggregate limit. The aggregate limit was $66.0 million in 2002, $70.0 million in 2001, and $72.4 million in 2000 and it was not exceeded in any of the years. Premium income of $1.2 million in 2002 and $1.3 million in 2001 and 2000 was ceded to MassMutual.
The Company has a coinsurance agreement with MassMutual, whereby the Company cedes substantially 100% of the premium on new issues of certain universal life policies. In return, MassMutual pays to the Company a stipulated expense allowance and death and surrender benefits.
FF-17
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
MassMutual holds the assets and related reserves for payment of future benefits on the ceded policies. Premium income of $29.7 million, $47.4 million, and $47.3 million was ceded to MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Fees and other income include a $7.3 million, $28.5 million and a $46.5 million expense allowance from MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. In addition, experience refunds of $2.8 million and $2.5 million were ceded to the Company from MassMutual in 2002 and 2001 respectively. There were no experience refunds from MassMutual to the Company in 2000. Policyholders benefits of $1.1 million, $11.3 million and $5.9 million were ceded to MassMutual in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Effective January 1, 2002, the Company entered into an additional coinsurance agreement with MassMutual, whereby the Company cedes substantially 100% of the premium on new issues of certain universal life policies. In return, MassMutual pays to the Company a stipulated expense allowance and death and surrender benefits. MassMutual holds the assets and related reserves for payment of future benefits on the ceded policies. Premium income of $89.3 million was ceded to MassMutual in 2002. Fees and other income include an $82.8 million expense allowance from MassMutual in 2002. Policyholders benefits of $0.2 million were ceded to MassMutual in 2002.
8. | REINSURANCE |
The Company utilizes reinsurance agreements to reduce exposure to large losses in certain aspects of its insurance business. Such transfers do not relieve the Company of its primary liability and, as such, failure of reinsurers to honor their obligations could result in losses. The Company reduces this risk by evaluating the financial condition of reinsurers and monitoring for possible concentrations of credit risk.
The Company records a receivable for reinsured benefits paid and reduces policyholders reserves and funds for the portion of insurance liabilities that are reinsured. The cost of reinsurance is accounted for over the life of the underlying reinsured policies using assumptions consistent with those used to account for the underlying policies.
Premium ceded to unaffiliated insurers was $52.8 million, $48.4 million and $46.2 million and reinsurance recoveries were $44.8 million, $71.6 million and $41.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Amounts recoverable from unaffiliated reinsurers were $12.1 million and $22.1 million as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. At December 31, 2002, five unaffiliated reinsurers accounted for 87% of the outstanding reinsurance recoverable.
9. | FEDERAL INCOME TAXES |
Federal income taxes are based upon the Companys best estimate of its current and deferred tax liabilities. Deferred income taxes, which provide for book/tax temporary differences, are subject to limitation and are charged directly to shareholders equity. Accordingly, the reporting of miscellaneous temporary differences, such as reserves and policy acquisition costs, and of permanent differences such as tax credits, results in effective tax rates which differ from the federal statutory tax rate.
The components of the net deferred tax asset recognized in the Companys assets, liabilities and shareholders equity at December 31, 2002 and 2001 are as follows (in millions):
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||
Total of deferred tax assets |
$ |
114.6 |
|
$ |
61.1 |
| ||
Total of deferred tax liabilities |
|
(34.0 |
) |
|
(3.0 |
) | ||
Net deferred tax asset |
|
80.6 |
|
|
58.1 |
| ||
Deferred tax assets non-admitted |
|
(70.5 |
) |
|
(51.0 |
) | ||
Net admitted deferred tax asset |
$ |
10.1 |
|
$ |
7.1 |
| ||
Increase in non-admitted asset |
$ |
(19.5 |
) |
$ |
|
| ||
The provision for incurred taxes on earnings for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 are as follows (in millions):
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||
Federal income tax (benefit) on operations |
$ |
12.5 |
|
$ |
(1.8 |
) | ||
Federal income tax (benefit) on net capital gains |
|
(5.8 |
) |
|
(0.8 |
) | ||
Federal income tax (benefit) incurred |
$ |
6.7 |
|
$ |
(2.6 |
) | ||
FF-18
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as of December 31, 2002 and 2001 were as follows (in millions):
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||
Deferred tax assets: |
||||||||
Reserve items |
$ |
44.0 |
|
$ |
11.2 |
| ||
Policy acquisition costs |
|
58.2 |
|
|
47.7 |
| ||
Investment items |
|
3.4 |
|
|
0.6 |
| ||
Unrealized investment losses |
|
1.6 |
|
|
0.8 |
| ||
Other |
|
7.4 |
|
|
0.8 |
| ||
Total deferred tax assets |
|
114.6 |
|
|
61.1 |
| ||
Non-admitted deferred tax assets |
|
(70.5 |
) |
|
(51.0 |
) | ||
Admitted deferred tax assets |
|
44.1 |
|
|
10.1 |
| ||
Deferred tax liabilities: |
||||||||
Investment items |
|
26.2 |
|
|
1.8 |
| ||
Unrealized investment gains |
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
| ||
Reserve items |
|
3.1 |
|
|
1.1 |
| ||
Other |
|
4.5 |
|
|
0.1 |
| ||
Total deferred tax liabilities |
|
34.0 |
|
|
3.0 |
| ||
Net admitted deferred tax assets |
$ |
10.1 |
|
$ |
7.1 |
| ||
The change in net deferred income taxes is comprised of the following (in millions):
2002 |
||||
Change in deferred tax assets |
$ |
53.5 |
| |
Change in deferred tax liabilities |
|
(31.0 |
) | |
Net change in deferred tax asset |
|
22.5 |
| |
Tax effect of shareholders equity changes |
|
(14.8 |
) | |
Change in net deferred income taxes |
$ |
7.7 |
| |
The provision for federal income taxes incurred is different from that which would be obtained by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income before taxes. The significant items causing this difference are as follows (in millions):
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||
Provision computed at statutory rate |
$ |
(0.6 |
) |
$ |
(11.6 |
) | ||
Other |
|
(0.4 |
) |
|
1.1 |
| ||
Total |
$ |
(1.0 |
) |
$ |
(10.5 |
) | ||
Federal income taxes incurred |
$ |
6.7 |
|
$ |
(2.6 |
) | ||
Change in net deferred income taxes |
|
(7.7 |
) |
|
(7.9 |
) | ||
Total statutory income taxes |
$ |
(1.0 |
) |
$ |
(10.5 |
) | ||
In 2002, 2001 and 2000, federal income tax refunds were $15.7 million, $12.1 million and $14.6 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2002, federal income taxes paid in 2000 that will be available for recovery in the event of future net losses were $3.9 million.
The Company plans to file its 2002 federal income tax return on a consolidated basis with its parent, MassMutual, and certain MassMutual affiliates. MassMutual and certain of its affiliates are subject to a written tax allocation agreement, which allocates the groups tax liability for payment purposes. Generally, the agreement provides that group members shall be compensated for the use of their losses by other group members.
The United States Internal Revenue Service has completed its examination of the Companys income tax returns through the year 1997 and will begin examining the years 1998 through 2000 in early 2003. Management believes adjustments which may result from such examinations will not materially affect the Companys financial position.
10. | SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
The Board of Directors of MassMutual has authorized the contribution of funds to the Company sufficient to meet the capital requirements of each state in the United States of America in which the Company is licensed to do business.
FF-19
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
Substantially all of the statutory shareholders equity is subject to dividend restrictions relating to various state regulations, which limit the payment of dividends to the shareholder without prior approval. The Company is required to obtain prior approval for dividend payments in 2003. |
During 2002, MML Bay State Life Insurance Company (Bay State) became a wholly-owned stock life insurance subsidiary of the Company through the contribution of all of Bay States outstanding shares of common stock from MassMutual to the Company. This transaction was in the form of a related party capital contribution of $191.5 million. In 2001 and 2000, MassMutual contributed additional paid-in capital of $45.0 million and $85.0 million, respectively, to the Company.
11. | BUSINESS RISKS, COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES |
a. | Risks and uncertainties |
The Company operates in a business environment subject to various risks and uncertainties. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, interest rate risk and credit risk. Interest rate risk is the potential for interest rates to change, which can cause fluctuations in the value of investments. To the extent that fluctuations in interest rates cause the duration of assets and liabilities to differ, the Company controls its exposure to this risk by, among other things, asset/liability matching techniques that account for the cash flow characteristics of the assets and liabilities. Credit risk is the risk that issuers of investments owned by the Company may default or that other parties may not be able to pay amounts due to the Company. The Company manages its investments to limit credit risk by diversifying its portfolio among various security types and industry sectors. Management does not believe that significant concentrations of credit risk existed as of and for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001.
b. | Guaranty funds |
The Company is subject to insurance guaranty fund laws in the states in which it does business. These laws assess insurance companies amounts to be used to pay benefits to policyholders and policy claimants of insolvent insurance companies. Many states allow these assessments to be credited against future premium taxes. The Company believes such assessments in excess of amounts accrued will not materially affect its financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
c. | Litigation |
The Company is involved in litigation arising in and out of the normal course of business, including class action and purported class action suits which seek both compensatory and punitive damages. While the Company is not aware of any actions or allegations that should reasonably give rise to any material adverse effect, the outcome of litigation cannot be foreseen with certainty. It is the opinion of management, after consultation with legal counsel, that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not materially affect its financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
d. | Funding commitments |
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into commitments to purchase certain investments. At December 31, 2002, the Company had outstanding commitments to purchase privately placed securities and mortgage loans, which totaled $27.4 million and $63.3 million, respectively. At December 31, 2002, the Company had no outstanding commitments to purchase real estate.
12. | WITHDRAWAL CHARACTERISTICS |
a. | General account annuity and deposit funds |
The withdrawal characteristics of the Companys annuity actuarial reserves and deposit fund liabilities at December 31, 2002 are illustrated below (in millions):
Amount |
% of Total |
|||||
Subject to discretionary withdrawalwith market value adjustment |
$ |
3,606.2 |
86 |
% | ||
Subject to discretionary withdrawalwithout market value adjustment |
|
534.9 |
13 |
| ||
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal |
|
24.3 |
1 |
| ||
Total |
$ |
4,165.4 |
100 |
% | ||
FF-20
Notes To Statutory Financial Statements, Continued
b. | Separate accounts |
Information regarding the withdrawal characteristics of the separate account liabilities of the Company at December 31, 2002 is as follows (in millions):
Subject to discretionary withdrawal: |
|||
At market value |
$ |
2,641.6 | |
Without market value adjustment |
|
222.4 | |
Total by withdrawal characteristics |
|
2,864.0 | |
Non-policy liabilities |
|
94.4 | |
Total separate account liabilities |
$ |
2,958.4 | |
13. | AFFILIATED COMPANIES |
The relationship of the Company, MassMutual and affiliated companies as of December 31, 2002, is illustrated below. Subsidiaries are wholly owned by MassMutual, except as noted.
Subsidiaries of Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company
CM Assurance Company
CM Benefit Insurance Company
C.M. Life Insurance Company
MassMutual Holding Company
MassMutual Mortgage Finance, LLC
MassMutual Owners Association, Inc.
The MassMutual Trust Company
MML Distributors, LLC
Subsidiary of C.M. Life Insurance Company
MML Bay State Life Insurance Company
Subsidiaries of MassMutual Holding Company
CM Property Management, Inc.
HYP Management, Inc.
MassMutual Assignment Company
MassMutual Benefits Management, Inc.
MassMutual Funding, LLC
MassMutual Holding MSC, Inc.
MassMutual International, Inc.
MMHC Investment, Inc.
MML Investor Services, Inc.
MML Realty Management Corporation
Urban Properties, Inc.
Antares Capital Corporation 80.0%
Cornerstone Real Estate Advisers, Inc.
DLB Acquisition Corporation 98.2%
Oppenheimer Acquisition Corporation 96.03%
Affiliates of Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company
MML Series Investment Funds
MassMutual Institutional Funds
FF-21
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
No disagreements with accountants on any matter of accounting principles or practices or financial statement disclosure have been reported on a Form 8-K during the twelve month period ended December 31, 2002.
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant
Name (Age at 12/31/02) |
Position with C.M. Life; Year Commenced |
Other Positions During the Past Five Years | ||
Lawrence V. Burkett, Jr. (57) |
Director, since 1996 |
President and Chief Executive Officer, C.M. Life 1996-2002 Executive Vice President and General Counsel, MassMutual since 1993 | ||
Howard E. Gunton (54 ) |
Director, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, since 2002 |
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, MassMutual, since 2001, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, 1999-2001. | ||
Isadore Jermyn (52) |
Director, since 1998, Senior Vice President and Actuary, since 1996 |
Senior Vice President and Actuary, MassMutual since 1998, Senior Vice President and Chief Actuary, MassMutual 1995-1998. | ||
Edward M. Kline (59) |
Vice President and Treasurer, since 1997 |
Vice President and Treasurer MassMutual since 1997, Vice President, MassMutual since 1989. | ||
Ann F. Lomeli (46) |
Senior Vice President and Secretary, since 1999 |
Senior Vice President, Deputy General Counsel and Secretary, Mass Mutual since 1999, Vice President, Secretary and Associate General Counsel, MassMutual 1998-1999, Vice President, Associate Secretary and Associate General Counsel, MassMutual 1996-1998. |
30
Efrem Marder (51) |
Director, since 1999 |
Executive Managing Director, David L. Babson and Company, Inc., since 2000, Executive Managing Director, MassMutual 1989-1999. | ||
James E. Miller (55) |
Executive Vice President,Life Operations, since 1998 |
Director, C.M. Life 1998-1999, Executive Vice President, MassMutual since 1997 and 1987-1996, Senior Vice President, UniCare Life & Health 1996-1997. | ||
Robert J. OConnell (59) |
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, since 2000, Director, since 1999 |
Chairman of the Board of Directors, since 2000, President and Chief Executive Officer, MassMutual since 1999, Senior Vice President, American International Group, Inc. 1991-1998, President and Chief Executive Officer, AIG Life Companies 1991-1998. | ||
Stuart H. Reese (47) |
Executive Vice PresidentInvestments, since 1999 |
Executive Vice President, since 1999 Chief Executive Director-Investment Management, MassMutual since 1997, Director and Senior Vice PresidentInvestments, MassMutual 1996-1999. | ||
Matthew E. Winter (45) |
Executive Vice Presidentsince 2001 |
Executive Vice President, since 2001 Senior Vice President-MassMutual 1996-2001. |
31
Item 11. Executive Compensation
All of our executive officers also serve as officers of MassMutual and receive no compensation directly from us. Allocations have been made as to such officers time devoted to duties as our executive officers. None of our officers or directors received allocated compensation in excess of $100,000.
None of our shares are owned by any executive officer or director. We are a wholly-owned subsidiary of MassMutual.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
This item is not applicable since we are wholly-owned by MassMutual.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
Effective January 1, 2002, the Company entered into a coinsurance agreement with MassMutual whereby the Company cedes substantially 100% of the premiums on new issues of certain universal life policies. In return, MassMutual pays to the Company a stipulated expense allowance and death and surrender benefits. MassMutual holds the assets and related reserves for payment of future benefits on the ceded policies.
During 2002, MML Bay State Life Insurance Company (Bay State) became a wholly-owned stock life insurance subsidiary of the Company through the contribution of all of Bay States outstanding shares of common stock from MassMutual to the Company. This transaction was in the form of a related party capital contribution and is therefore considered a non-economic transaction. The transaction was recorded at existing book value and no realized capital gain or loss was recorded on this transaction. The company accounts for the value of its investment in Bay State at its underlying statutory net equity. Operating results, less dividends declared, are reflected as net unrealized capital gains in the Statutory Statements of Changes in Shareholders Equity.
As discussed in Item 1 and in the Notes to the Audited Statutory Financial Statements, we cede a portion of our life insurance business to MassMutual and other insurers under various reinsurance agreements. In addition, we have an agreement with our parent, MassMutual, whereby MassMutual, for a fee, provides various management services to us. As discussed in Item 1 and in the Notes to the Audited Statutory Financial Statements, we also have annuity exchange programs with our parent.
32
Item 14. Controls and Procedures
Our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and other persons performing similar functions are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure internal controls. They have designed such controls and procedures for the Company to ensure that all material information regarding this filing is made known to them by others within the organization. Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that we file or submit, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commissions rules and forms.
Within 90 days of the filing date of this report, the Companys Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and other persons performing similar functions completed an evaluation of the Companys disclosure controls. Based upon that evaluation, the Companys Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have determined the Companys disclosure controls to be functioning properly and effectively. They did not discover any significant deficiencies or material weakness within the controls and procedures that require modification.
Since the completion of that evaluation, there have been no significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls.
33
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K
(a |
) 1. |
Financial Statements (set forth in Item 8.): | |||
Reports of Independent Auditors. | |||||
Statutory Statements of Financial Position as of December 31, 2002 and 2001. | |||||
Statutory Statements of Income for each of the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000. | |||||
Statutory Statements of Changes in Shareholders Equity for each of the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000. | |||||
Statutory Statements of Cash Flows for each of the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000. | |||||
Notes to Statutory Financial Statements. | |||||
2. |
|
Financial Statement Schedules (set forth below): | |||
Reports of Independent Auditors. | |||||
Schedule ISummary of InvestmentsOther than Investments in Related Parties as of December 31, 2002. | |||||
Schedule IIISupplementary Insurance Information. | |||||
Schedule IVReinsurance. | |||||
Schedule VValuation and Qualifying Accounts. | |||||
All other schedules are omitted because of the absence of conditions under which they are required or because the information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto. | |||||
3. |
|
Exhibit Number Per Item 601 of Regulation S-K |
Description | ||
3(a) |
Charter of C.M. Life Insurance Company. (1) | ||||
3(b) |
By-Laws of C.M. Life Insurance Company. (1) | ||||
4(a) |
Form of Individual Contract for the Panorama Plus Annuity. (2) | ||||
(i) Form of IRA Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Individual Contract. (2) | |||||
(ii) Form of Terminal Illness Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Individual Contract. (2) | |||||
(iii) Form of Tax-Sheltered Annuity Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Individual Contract. (2) | |||||
(iv) Form of Qualified Plan Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Individual Contract. (2) | |||||
(v ) Form of Unisex Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Individual Contract. (2) | |||||
4(b) |
Form of Group Contract for the Panorama Plus Annuity. (2) (i) Form of IRA Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Group Contract. (2) |
34
(ii) Form of Terminal Illness Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Group Contract. (2) | |||||
(iii) Form of Tax-Sheltered Annuity Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Group Contract. (2) | |||||
(iv) Form of Qualified Plan Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Group Contract. (2) | |||||
(v) Form of Unisex Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Group Contract. (2) | |||||
4 |
(c) |
Form of Individual Certificate for the Panorama Plus Annuity. (2) | |||
(i) Form of IRA Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Individual Certificate. (2) | |||||
(ii) Form of Terminal Illness Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Individual Certificate. (2) | |||||
(iii) Form of Tax-Sheltered Annuity Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Individual Certificate. (2) | |||||
(iv) Form of Qualified Plan Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Individual Certificate. (2) | |||||
(v) Form of Unisex Endorsement for the Panorama Plus Annuity Individual Certificate. (2) | |||||
4 |
(d) |
Form of Application for the Individual Panorama Plus Annuity. (2) | |||
4 |
(e) |
Form of Application for the Group Panorama Plus Annuity. (2) | |||
4 |
(f) |
Form of Application Supplement for Panorama Plus Tax-Sheltered Annuity. (2) | |||
4 |
(g) |
Form of Certificate Application Supplement for Panorama Plus Tax-Sheltered Annuity. (2) | |||
5 |
|
Opinion Regarding Legality. (2) | |||
10 |
|
Agreement to Purchase Shares by and between C.M. Life Insurance Company and Connecticut Mutual Financial Services Series Fund I, Inc. (2) | |||
16 |
|
Change of Independent Accountant. (5) | |||
21 |
|
Subsidiary of the Registrant * | |||
23 |
|
(i) Report of Independent Auditors * | |||
(ii) Financial Statement Schedules I, III, IV, and V. * | |||||
(iii) Consent of Counsel (2) | |||||
24 |
(a) |
Powers of Attorney (5) | |||
for Isadore Jermyn | |||||
24 |
(b) |
Power of Attorney (3) | |||
for Efrem Marder, | |||||
24 |
(c) |
Power of Attorney (6) | |||
for Lawrence V. Burkett, Jr. | |||||
24 |
(d) |
Power of Attorney (7) | |||
for Brent C. Nelson |
35
99.1 |
Certification of the Principal Executive Officer, Robert J. OConnell, of C.M. Life Insurance Company pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* | |
99.2 |
Certification of the Principal Financial Officer, Howard E. Gunton, of C.M. Life Insurance Company pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* | |
99.3 |
Certification of the Principal Executive Officer, Robert J. OConnell, of C.M. Life Insurance Company pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* | |
99.4 |
Certification of the Principal Financial Officer, Howard E. Gunton, of C.M. Life Insurance Company pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 302(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* | |
(1) |
Incorporated by reference to the initial registration statement on Form N-4 for the Contracts and Panorama Plus Separate Account (File No. 33-45122) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 16, 1992. | |
(2) |
Incorporated by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the registration statement on Form N-4 for the Contracts and Panorama Plus Separate Account (File No. 33-45122) as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 13, 1992. | |
(3) |
Incorporated by reference to the Post-Effective Amendment No. l to Registration Statement No. 333-88493 filed in January, 2000. | |
(4) |
Incorporated by reference to Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 22, 1999. | |
(5) |
Incorporated by reference to Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 22, 1999. | |
(6) |
Incorporated by reference to Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in March, 2000. | |
(7) |
Incorporated by reference to the 9/30/01 Form 10-Q Filing for C.M. Life Insurance Company (File No. 33-45123). |
* Filed herewith
(b) The registrant did not file any Reports on Form 8-K during 2002
36
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
C.M. LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY | ||
By: |
/s/ ROBERT J. OCONNELL | |
Robert J. OConnell Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | ||
Date: |
March 21, 2003 |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signatures |
Title |
Date | ||
/s/ ROBERT J. OCONNELL Robert J. OConnell |
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer |
March 21, 2003 | ||
/s/ HOWARD E. GUNTON Howard E. Gunton |
Director, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
March 21, 2003 | ||
/s/ BRENT C. NELSON* Brent C. Nelson |
Senior Vice President and Controller |
March 21, 2003 | ||
/s/ EFREM MARDER* Efrem Marder |
Director |
March 21, 2003 | ||
/s/ ISADORE JERMYN* Isadore Jermyn |
Director, Senior Vice President and Actuary |
March 21, 2003 | ||
/s/ LAWRENCE V. BURKETT, JR.* Lawrence V. Burkett, Jr. |
Director |
March 21, 2003 | ||
/s/ RICHARD M. HOWE *Richard M. Howe |
On March 21, 2003 as Attorney in Fact, pursuant to Power of Attorney. |
37
Exhibit 21
Subsidiary of the Registrant
Registrant: C.M. Life Insurance Company as of December 31, 2002
Subsidiary |
Place of Incorporation | |
MML Bay State Life Insurance Company |
Connecticut |
38