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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
[X]ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2001
OR
[_]TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number: 000-30931
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OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE 52-1483235
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
7255 Woodmont Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-2959
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number; including area code: (240) 497-3000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $ .001 par value
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [X] NO
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to
the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. [_]
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of
the registrant, computed using the closing sale price of the registrant's
Common Stock on June 15, 2001, as reported on the Nasdaq National Market, was
approximately $15.40 (affiliates included for this computation only:
directors, executive officers and holders of more than 5% of the registrant's
Common Stock).
The number of shares of the registrant's Common Stock outstanding on June
15, 2001 was 18,845,813.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Certain portions of the registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for the
Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on September 11, 2001, are
incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
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OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2001
PAGE
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PART I
Item 1. --Business............................................ 4
Item 2. --Properties.......................................... 13
Item 3. --Legal Proceedings................................... 13
Item 4. --Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security
Holders............................................. 13
--Executive Officers and Directors of the Registrant.. 13
PART II
Item 5. --Market for Registrant's Common Stock and Related
Stockholder Matters................................. 15
Item 6. --Selected Consolidated Financial Data................ 16
Item 7. --Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations................ 17
Item 7a. --Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About
Market Risk......................................... 28
Item 8. --Financial Statements and Supplementary Data......... 29
Item 9. --Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on
Accounting and Financial Disclosure................ 29
PART III
Item 10. --Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.. 30
Item 11. --Executive Compensation.............................. 30
Item 12. --Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and
Management.......................................... 30
Item 13. --Certain Relationships and Related Transactions...... 30
PART IV
Item 14. --Exhibits, Financial Statements and Reports on Form
8-K.................................................. 31
SIGNATURES...................................................... 32
2
This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements that involve
substantial risks and uncertainties. You can identify these statements by
forward-looking words such as "anticipate," "believe," "could," "estimate,"
"expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "potential," "should," "will," and "would"
or similar words. You should read statements that contain these words carefully
because they discuss our future expectations contain projections of our future
results of operations or of our financial position or state other forward-
looking information. We believe that it is important to communicate our future
expectations to our investors. However, there may be events in the future that
we are not able to predict or control accurately. The factors listed below
under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations--Certain Factors That May Affect Future Results," as well as any
cautionary language in this Annual Report, provide examples of risks,
uncertainties, and events that may cause our actual results to differ
materially from the expectations we describe in our forward-looking statements.
You should also carefully review the risks outlined in other documents that we
file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including
our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q that we will file in 2001.
IT Guru(TM), Netbiz(TM), OPNET(R), OPNET Modeler(R), ServiceProvider
Guru(TM), OPNET Technologies(TM), and OPNETWORK(R) are trademarks or service
marks of OPNET. Other trademarks or service marks appearing in this Annual
Report are the property of their respective holders.
We are a Delaware corporation, and our principal executive offices are
located at 7255 Woodmont Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-2959 and our
telephone number is (240) 497-3000. Our web site address is www.opnet.com. The
information on our web site is not incorporated by reference into this Annual
Report and should not be considered to be a part of this Annual Report. Our web
site address is included in this Annual Report as an inactive textual reference
only.
3
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Overview
Our intelligent network management software solutions enable our customers
to optimize the performance and maximize the availability of communications
networks and networked applications. The OPNET product suite combines
predictive simulation, intelligent configuration, and automated design. This
comprehensive understanding of network technologies enable network
professionals to more effectively design and deploy networks, provision
services, diagnose network and application performance problems, optimize
traffic flows and resource utilization, and predict the impact of network
changes. Our OPNET product suite currently consists of three primary software
solutions: OPNET IT Guru for service providers and enterprises, OPNET Modeler
for network equipment manufacturers, and OPNET Netbiz for service providers and
network equipment manufacturers. An additional primary software solution, OPNET
ServiceProvider Guru for service providers, is expected to become generally
commercially available at the end of June 2001. We believe our software
solutions generate significant return on investment in networks and
applications for service providers, enterprises, and network equipment
manufacturers by empowering them to rapidly make better use of resources,
reduce operational problems, and improve competitiveness.
We market our products to service providers, such as telecommunications
carriers, ISPs, and ASPs, large and medium-sized enterprises, and network
equipment manufacturers. Since inception, we have sold our products to service
providers such as AT&T, British Telecom, MCI WorldCom, SBC Communications,
Sprint, and UUNET Technologies; enterprises such as Boeing, IBM Global
Services, National Semiconductor, RR Donnelley, and Texas Utilities; and
network equipment manufacturers such as 3Com, Cisco Systems, Ericsson,
Motorola, Nokia, and Nortel Networks.
Industry Background
Growth and Increased Complexity of Networks
Organizations are becoming increasingly reliant upon their communications
networks and networked applications to successfully execute their business
strategies. The increasing use of business applications, such as enterprise
resource planning, corporate intranets, online transaction processing, e-mail,
and streaming multimedia, has expanded the amount of network traffic within
organizations, and has resulted in significant growth in underlying network
infrastructures. In addition, the proliferation and widespread adoption of the
Internet has expanded the role of networks beyond organizational boundaries,
and these networks now represent the fundamental infrastructure for the
electronic conduct of business, known as e-business or e-commerce. As a result,
most organizations are recognizing that managing the growth and operation of
their communications networks is critical to their business operations.
To support the rapidly expanding size and scope of communication
requirements, network infrastructures have been developed based on a wide range
of equipment, technologies, protocols, and network services. As a result, the
operation of these networks is becoming increasingly complex. Service providers
and enterprises must now manage the convergence of voice, data, and video
traffic over wireline and wireless architectures by integrating numerous
existing and emerging technologies. These technologies include Asynchronous
Transfer Mode, or ATM, Internet Protocol, or IP, Voice over IP, IP Quality of
Service, or IP-QoS, Multi-Protocol Label Switching, or MPLS, Frame Relay,
Synchronous Optical Network, or SONET, Code Division Multiple Access, or CDMA,
Digital Subscriber Line, or DSL, and data over cable. In addition, network data
traffic is expected to grow rapidly. The growth of networks, network
complexity, and network data traffic has forced organizations to confront
significant challenges in the efficient and cost-effective management of
networks and applications.
Today, communications networks are sophisticated, dynamic systems that
evolve on a daily basis. The rate of network and traffic growth is challenging
the ability of organizations to meet required service levels upon
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which critical business applications and operations rely. Constant evaluation
of and improvements to the network are essential to maintaining business and
application performance. However, since modifications to the network and its
traffic have the potential to result in network failures or service level
degradation, network professionals need to plan and implement network changes
in a controlled manner, taking into account the potential consequences of their
actions.
Inadequacy of Traditional Network Management Solutions
As the complexity of networks continues to increase, so does the need for
sophisticated solutions to manage network resources effectively. To date,
network management systems have primarily played a reporting role. These
systems typically collect, store, and analyze data about the traffic on the
network, the status and performance of network devices and links, and the
availability of network services and applications. While these traditional
network management solutions play an important role in managing networks, they
are limited by their focus on reporting past and present information. As a
result, these solutions are primarily reactive to events occurring within the
network.
Reactive network management solutions do not adequately support key network
management functions, including network design and deployment, applications
deployment, capacity planning, contingency planning, traffic engineering,
budgeting, and deployment of network policies. This is because traditional
network management products provide limited insight into how network resources
will perform in response to future events. In general, the support for future
planning provided by reactive network management products is limited to trend
analysis and simple projections as to when key network and system resources
will become overloaded. Traditional solutions are not able to forecast the
impact of important changes that frequently occur in networks, such as traffic
growth, failure of network components, adoption of new networking technologies,
and reorganization of network assets. In addition, these solutions do not
generally take into account the network as a whole, the interaction among
network components, and the complex behaviors that are inherent to modern
networks.
Market Opportunity
To remain competitive, organizations must deal with increased complexity,
rapid growth, and continuous change in their communications networks. At the
same time, every change to the network environment introduces the potential for
performance degradation or system failures, and therefore, business
interruptions and lost revenue. As a result, organizations need intelligent
network management solutions that allow them to validate proposed network
modifications and predict network and application performance in future
scenarios. A predictive capability allows network professionals not only to
test network and application performance under a wide range of operating
conditions, but also to determine which network technologies are best suited to
ultimately solve business problems. Business executives and network
professionals need a comprehensive network management solution that enhances
their ability to:
. generate revenue;
. reduce operating and capital costs;
. increase business productivity;
. improve operational efficiency;
. reduce time-to-market; and
. manage risk.
The OPNET Solution
Our suite of products represents the next generation of software solutions
that advances network and application management beyond reactive problem
identification and reporting to proactive problem resolution
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and avoidance. The ability of our products to accurately model and simulate
network and application performance is also valuable in the design and testing
of new network equipment and technologies and is an effective sales tool for
professionals who design and deploy networks. We believe that our software
products provide the following benefits to our customers:
Reduced Network Operating Risks
Our products enable our customers to more effectively manage the risks
associated with the necessary implementation of network upgrades and new
services by helping network managers evaluate which measures can be taken to
minimize potential network disruptions and maintain required service levels.
For example, an enterprise deploying a new application on its network can use
our products to determine if the performance of the application will meet
prescribed service levels and to what extent the network traffic generated by
the new application will compromise the service levels of existing applications
on the network. Service providers can use our products as part of their overall
planning process to minimize the risk that growth in their subscriber base or
restructuring of their network infrastructure will jeopardize the availability
or performance of their services.
Increased Productivity and Competitiveness
By using our products, network managers and application deployment teams can
gain greater control over the performance of business applications that are
critical to employee productivity and the competitiveness of the business. Our
products enable network professionals to diagnose and resolve application
performance problems that can prevent employees from carrying out essential
business tasks. In addition, our products support informed decision-making and
planning for network infrastructures that carry vital business data, including
e-commerce and e-business transactions. Our products also enable network
equipment manufacturers to test their equipment, technologies, and protocols
more thoroughly, while considering a wider range of alternative designs,
resulting in more robust networking products and faster introduction of
products to the marketplace.
Reduced Network Operating Costs
Our OPNET suite of products enables our customers to better determine the
appropriate financial commitments that should be made for network resources,
including bandwidth, advanced network technologies, and network hardware. Using
our products, network managers and planners can compare relative benefits of
alternative technologies and network designs, and weigh these benefits in
relation to the corresponding operational costs. Our products also provide
organizations that operate networks the ability to determine achievable service
levels and to understand whether network changes will render service levels
unacceptable. By proactively managing service levels, these organizations are
better able to reduce service level agreement violations that may require
paying costly penalties to their clients. Additionally, these organizations are
able to reduce costs caused by network interruptions.
New Revenue Opportunities
The increasing complexity and scale of networks is creating challenges for
organizations that sell network equipment and network services. Our products
help the sales forces of these organizations to automate the network design and
proposal process and create competitive and consistent proposals, thereby
streamlining the sales cycle. This allows sales representatives to focus on a
greater number of sales opportunities. Additionally, our customers' sales
forces can leverage the predictive capabilities of our products to demonstrate
the performance of the proposed network design or network service prior to
deployment. We believe that these features allow our customers to differentiate
themselves from their competitors and enable the purchasers of network
equipment and services to make better informed and quicker buying decisions.
6
Improved Customer Satisfaction
Our products improve satisfaction of network end users by enabling our
customers, which are the providers of network services and technologies, to
proactively manage and improve the quality and performance of their offerings.
By using our products' predictive capabilities, service providers can ensure
that adequate measures are taken to maintain the availability and performance
of their services to their clients over networks experiencing rapid traffic
growth and the introduction of changing technologies. For example, an ASP can
use our software to uncover the primary factors that can contribute to the poor
performance of an application and then determine the preferred approach to
improving the application's performance.
Products
Our products use predictive simulation technology to support the assessment
of future network and application performance under a wide range of operating
conditions. Our products include model libraries that permit the simulation and
analysis of major network technologies and communication protocols, such as
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, or TCP/IP, IP-QoS, Voice over
IP, SONET, CDMA, Virtual Local Area Networks, or VLANs, Frame Relay, IP
compression, data over cable, and ATM. We sell both off-the-shelf and
customized products that offer interfaces to traditional network management
systems and popular integration platforms, such as HP OpenView Network Node
Manager, Tivoli NetView, NetScout Systems Manager Plus, and Oracle database
products.
OPNET Modeler serves as a foundation for our other products, providing the
broadest array of functionality. OPNET IT Guru and OPNET Netbiz represent
progressively easier to use products, with functionality designed to address
specific business needs. All of the primary products within the OPNET product
suite use a significant amount of shared core software, allowing us to create
new products more efficiently and to foster the interoperability of our
products.
The following chart summarizes our OPNET product suite:
Product Description Target Customers
------- ----------- ----------------
OPNET IT Guru Enables users to predict the Service providers and
performance of networks and enterprises
applications
OPNET Modeler Enables designers to Network equipment
evaluate how complex manufacturers
networking equipment,
technologies, and protocols
will perform under simulated
network conditions
OPNET Netbiz Automates network design, Service providers and
planning, provisioning, network equipment
proposals, and analyses manufacturers
OPNET ServiceProvider Guru Enables network providers to Service providers
(expected availability: troubleshoot, validate,
June 30, 2001) plan, and design networks
OPNET Modules Provide enhanced Entire customer base
functionality for our
primary software products
OPNET Model Libraries Libraries of models that Entire customer base
simulate the behavior of
networking technologies and
communication protocols
7
OPNET IT Guru
We began commercial distribution of OPNET IT Guru in August 1998. OPNET IT
Guru uses our predictive simulation and modeling technology, which combines
software models of network components, protocols, and applications into a
single overall model, in order to forecast many aspects of network behavior.
This capability enables service providers and enterprises to predict the
performance of their networks and applications under a wide range of potential
scenarios. OPNET IT Guru allows users to make comparisons among alternative
approaches to managing the evolution of their networks and managing change
within their networks, such as adopting new technologies, increasing capacity,
and reorganizing assets. OPNET IT Guru also provides detailed views of an
application's performance within a network. This enables network managers and
application deployment teams to understand the impact of implementing a new
application on existing applications, as well as the ability of a network to
support the resulting traffic. OPNET IT Guru supports many popular
communication protocols and networking technologies that operate within
wireline and wireless networks.
OPNET Modeler
OPNET Modeler was our first product and was introduced in 1987. OPNET
Modeler uses our device and protocol design environment, as well as our
predictive simulation technology, to enable our customers to build software
models of a broad range of network devices, communication protocols, and
applications, and to combine these models to run simulations in order to
predict network behavior and performance. These capabilities support the
design, modeling, and development of network equipment and protocols. OPNET
Modeler enables network equipment manufacturers to test product designs in a
wide variety of scenarios prior to manufacturing. Using OPNET Modeler, network
technology and equipment designers gain a better understanding of design
tradeoffs earlier in the product development process, reducing the need for
time-intensive and expensive hardware prototyping.
OPNET Netbiz
We began commercial distribution of OPNET Netbiz in August 1998. OPNET
Netbiz provides network equipment manufacturers and service providers a
platform for automating network design, provisioning, proposals, and analyses.
OPNET Netbiz can incorporate customers' proprietary algorithms and
organizational policies to automatically produce and optimize network
configurations and designs. OPNET Netbiz enables network equipment
manufacturers to provide vendor-specific planning solutions to their service
provider customers, and enables service providers to differentiate service
offerings from competitors, improve proposal quality, and accelerate business
cycles.
OPNET ServiceProvider Guru
We expect to begin commercial distribution of OPNET ServiceProvider Guru at
the end of June 2001. OPNET ServiceProvider Guru enables service providers to
manage networks cost-effectively and improve network efficiency. Its advanced
configuration troubleshooting and operational validation capabilities enable
network operators to identify problems sooner and reduce mistakes. OPNET
ServiceProvider Guru uses our predictive modeling and analysis technology to
forecast many aspects of network behavior and enable service providers to
improve network performance. In addition, OPNET ServiceProvider Guru provides
sophisticated design and optimization capabilities that enable service
providers to automatically produce more efficient, less costly network designs.
Using OPNET ServiceProvider Guru, network operators are able to maintain a
reliable infrastructure with high availability and superior service quality,
accelerate deployment of new services, differentiate services from competitors,
reduce capital and operating costs, and manage risk.
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OPNET Modules
We develop and sell a variety of software modules that provide enhanced
functionality to OPNET IT Guru, OPNET Modeler, and OPNET Netbiz. Currently
available OPNET modules include:
. Application Characterization Environment, for analyzing, diagnosing, and
simulating the performance of applications within a network based on
network traffic samples;
. Multi-Vendor Import, for importing network infrastructure and traffic
information from other network management software applications;
. NetDoctor, for automatic validation of network and protocol
configurations (expected to be released at the end of June 2001);
. Expert Service Prediction, for the definition and compliance testing of
service level agreements;
. Radio and Terrain Modeling, for modeling wireless networks and the
effects of terrain on those networks; and
. ERP Network Assessment, for the planning and analysis of three-tier
application deployments, their effect on the network, and their ability
to perform effectively within an existing network environment.
OPNET Model Libraries
The model libraries are used by OPNET IT Guru, OPNET ServiceProvider Guru,
and OPNET Modeler to simulate and analyze major networking technologies and
communication protocols. These libraries provide the building blocks used to
generate models of networks. A network model consists of software objects that
correspond to the devices, computers, and links that constitute the actual
network of interest. The behavior of these objects is controlled by models of
devices, computers, applications, communication protocols, and links. OPNET IT
Guru, OPNET ServiceProvider Guru, and OPNET Modeler include extensive libraries
of popular and emerging networking technologies and communication protocols,
such as TCP/IP, hypertext transfer protocol, or HTTP, Open Shortest Path First
routing, or OSPF, ATM, frame relay, and IP-QoS. Some of our model libraries are
included in our base products and others are available for an additional fee.
Customers
Our customers include:
. service providers, including telecommunications carriers and ISPs;
. large and medium-sized enterprises that rely on networks to conduct
business, including organizations that provide consulting for the
planning, design, and troubleshooting of networks; and
. network equipment manufacturers.
Historically, our software license agreements generally have provided our
customers with a perpetual license for the use of our software by a specified
number of concurrent users. In the future, we intend to pursue a licensing
model in which more of our licenses require annual renewal payments from our
customers.
For the year ended March 31, 2001, we generated 22.4% of our total revenues
from customers located outside the United States. No single customer accounted
for more than 10% of our total revenues in any of the last three fiscal years.
Note 15 to our financial statements presents information regarding revenues
generated in the United States and internationally.
9
Sales and Marketing
We sell our software through our direct sales force, our Paris office and
international distributors, and a number of original equipment manufacturers
and resellers. We have marketing relationships with original equipment
manufacturers Hewlett-Packard and Agilent Technologies. To date, neither of
these original equipment manufacturers has accounted for a material portion of
our revenues. In North America, the majority of our sales are made by our
direct sales force. As of March 31, 2001, our sales and marketing organization
consisted of 76 employees located in our headquarters in Bethesda, Maryland,
and our offices in Boston, Cary, Dallas, Paris, France, and Santa Clara. We
intend to expand our sales and marketing organization through aggressive
recruiting of qualified individuals.
Our direct sales force concentrates on sales opportunities in the United
States. The direct sales force consists of 35 sales teams working out of sales
offices in Bethesda, Boston, Cary, Dallas, and Santa Clara. Our international
sales activities are primarily conducted by our Paris office and our 14
distributors that resell OPNET products in Germany, Scandinavia, the United
Kingdom, the Middle East, India, Pakistan, Australia, China, Japan, Korea, and
Singapore. International sales activities are managed by our vice president of
international sales. In addition, we intend to establish additional technical
sales support centers in some of our markets in order to better support our
distributors.
We engage in marketing activities to increase awareness of our products
among our potential customer base and to create sources of leads for our sales
organization. Our marketing activities include:
. participation in networking industry tradeshows;
. seminars that introduce the capabilities of our software to potential
customers;
. seminars designed specifically for organizations that are already our
customers, but present significant potential for additional license
sales;
. advertisement in trade journals and networking-oriented Web sites;
. direct mailings to potential customers;
. product briefings with industry analysts; and
. a variety of public relations activities, including our annual
international user conference.
For each of the last four years, we have sponsored OPNETWORK, an annual
international user conference convened in Washington, D.C. that focuses on
predictive network management for professionals in all areas of networking and
information technology. OPNETWORK '00, held in August 2000, included more than
400 hours of presentations and more than 75 guest speakers. Over 800 people
attended OPNETWORK '00, representing a 33% increase from the previous year.
Service and Support
Our service and support offerings include:
. consulting and customization services;
. software maintenance, which includes providing software updates for major
and minor revisions;
. technical support by telephone, e-mail, or fax; and
. training, which includes courses that enable our customers to more
effectively use our products.
We offer consulting services to assist our clients in customizing their
OPNET products. In particular, our customers typically buy customization
services with their purchase of OPNET Netbiz. Customization services are
performed by our consulting staff, which consists of software development
engineers, quality assurance engineers, technical documentation specialists,
and product managers. Some customers also choose to engage
10
our consulting services in proactive network management projects, including
network planning, network design, diagnosis of network performance problems,
and communication protocol design.
Software maintenance and technical support are purchased by our customers as
a single package, generally on an annual basis. Purchasers of these services
are provided with unspecified updates to the software they license from us as
the unspecified updates are released. The fee for this service is generally
determined as a percentage of the current price of product licenses.
We provide customer support from our support center at our headquarters in
Bethesda, Maryland. Our technical support services are supported by a
comprehensive information system that ensures that customer inquiries are
addressed promptly, tracked until fully resolved, and recorded for future
reference. Reports on the overall responsiveness of the technical support
infrastructure, and the status of pending customer inquiries, are provided
regularly to our technical support staff, technical support management, and
executive management.
We have a core team of technical support staff supplemented by a number of
product developers and consultants who perform technical support on a
rotational basis. This staffing approach ensures that customers have access to
the best available product expertise, while simultaneously providing product
developers with direct customer feedback, which in turn helps us improve our
products.
We regularly offer training courses to our customers to assist them in
maximizing the benefit they receive from using our products. Our training
classes cover a broad range of topics. Training classes are offered at our
headquarters in Bethesda, Maryland, our facilities in Santa Clara, California
and Cary, North Carolina, and at our customers' locations. As of March 31,
2001, our training staff consisted of three employees.
Research and Development
We believe that our ability to enhance our current products, and create new
products in response to the needs of our customer base will be an important
factor for our future success. Accordingly, we intend to continue to commit
significant resources to product research and development. We expect to
accomplish a large part of our product improvements and new product development
through internal development efforts. New capabilities may also be integrated
into our product lines through the acquisition of technologies or businesses,
or the licensing of externally developed technologies.
Our total expenses for research and development for fiscal 2001, 2000, and
1999 were $8.3 million, $5.7 million, and $4.9 million, respectively. Our
research and development efforts to date have been conducted in their entirety
at our headquarters in Bethesda, Maryland, and all related costs have been
expensed as incurred. As of March 31, 2001, our research and development staff
consisted of 85 engineers and technical professionals.
Our research and development efforts are directed at increasing our revenues
by expanding the scope of our solutions to address additional customer
requirements. Our existing customers provide a meaningful source of
information, which we use, and expect to continue to use, in order to guide our
future product development. In addition, we invest, and intend to continue to
invest, in research and analysis of trends in our industry and our product
markets, and we expect that our future products will reflect the results of
these analyses.
11
Competition
The market for our products is evolving rapidly and is highly competitive.
We believe that this market is likely to become more competitive as the demand
for predictive network management solutions continues to increase. Although
none of our competitors offers a solution that is identical to ours, we are
subject to current and potential competition from:
. software vendors with predictive network management offerings and
application performance diagnosis solutions, such as Compuware;
. consultants who offer predictive network management advisory services;
and
. customers who develop their own predictive network management
capabilities, either internally or through outsourcing.
OPNET Netbiz also competes with solutions designed to facilitate and
automate sales processes in general.
In addition, it is possible that other vendors as well as some of our
customers or distributors will develop and market competitive solutions in the
future. Many of our current and potential competitors are larger and have
substantially greater financial and technical resources than we do.
We believe the principal competitive factors affecting the market for our
software products are the following:
. scope, quality, and cost-effectiveness of network management solutions;
. industry knowledge and expertise;
. the interoperability of solutions with existing network management
solutions;
. product performance, accuracy, technical features, ease of use, and
price; and
. customer service and support.
Intellectual Property
We rely on a combination of copyright, trademark, patent, and trade secret
laws, confidentiality agreements, and contractual provisions to protect our
intellectual property. However, we believe that these laws and agreements
afford us only limited protection. Despite our efforts to protect our
intellectual property, unauthorized parties may infringe upon our proprietary
rights. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not provide as much
protection of our proprietary rights as do the laws of the United States.
We currently hold registered trademarks in the United States for OPNET and
OPNET Modeler, and have pending applications in the United States for the
trademark registrations of IT Guru, Netbiz and ServiceProvider Guru. We also
hold additional registered trademarks in the United States and have additional
pending applications. If not renewed, our registered trademarks will expire at
various times between April 2007 and August 2010. We have applied for trademark
protection in a number of international jurisdictions, and hold a registered
trade mark in France for OPNET that will expire in 2010, if not renewed. In
addition, we have one allowed patent for technology related to the OPNET
product suite that will expire in 2018, and two pending patent applications
that if granted would expire in 2019 and 2021. We believe that, because of the
rapid pace of change in our industry, the intellectual property protection for
our products will be a less significant factor for our future success than the
knowledge, abilities, and experience of our employees.
Employees
As of March 31, 2001, we had 224 full-time employees, 221 of whom were
located in the United States. These included 76 in sales and marketing, 35 in
professional services, 85 in engineering, research, and
12
development, and 28 in finance and administration. Our employees are not
represented by a collective bargaining agreement and we consider our relations
with our employees to be good.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our corporate office and principal facility is located in Bethesda, Maryland
and consists of approximately 60,000 square feet of office space held under a
lease that expires on January 31, 2011, exclusive of renewal options. We also
lease office space in Boston, Cary, Dallas, Santa Clara, and Paris, France.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are not a party to any material legal proceedings.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of our stockholders during the fourth
fiscal quarter of 2001.
Executive Officers and Directors of the Registrant
Our executive officers and directors, and their ages as of May 31, 2001, are
as follows:
Name Age Position
---- --- --------
Marc A. Cohen............... 37 Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive
Officer
Alain J. Cohen.............. 34 President, Chief Technology Officer and
Director
George M. Cathey(1)......... 35 Senior Vice President of Engineering
Joseph F. Greeves........... 44 Senior Vice President of Finance and Chief
Financial Officer
Pradeep K. Singh............ 32 Senior Vice President of Engineering,
Model Research and Development
Bruce R. Evans(2)(3)........ 42 Director
Steven G. Finn, PhD(2)...... 54 Director
William F. Stasior(2)(3).... 60 Director
- --------
(1) Mr. Cathey is currently on a leave of absence from OPNET
(2) Member of the Audit Committee
(3) Member of the Compensation Committee
Set forth below is certain information regarding the professional experience
for each of the above-named persons.
Marc A. Cohen, one of our founders, has served as our chairman of the board
since our inception in 1986 and as our chief executive officer since 1994. From
1986 to 1992, Mr. Cohen was also a consultant with Booz.Allen & Hamilton, an
international management and consulting company. Mr. Cohen received a
bachelor's degree in engineering science from Harvard and a master's degree in
electrical engineering from Stanford.
Alain J. Cohen, one of our founders, has served as our president and chief
technology officer and as a member of our board of directors since our
inception in 1986. Mr. Cohen received a bachelor's degree in electrical
engineering from M.I.T.
George M. Cathey has served as our senior vice president of engineering
since March 1999. From March 1991 to March 1999, Mr. Cathey served as our
director of core technologies. Mr. Cathey received bachelor's and master's
degrees in electrical engineering and computer science from M.I.T.
13
Joseph F. Greeves has served as our chief financial officer since November
1998 and as our senior vice president of finance since December 1999. Mr.
Greeves also served as our vice president of finance from November 1998 through
December 1999. From November 1997 to August 1998, Mr. Greeves served as vice
president and chief financial officer of ACE*COMM, a telecommunications
software company. From January 1995 to July 1997, Mr. Greeves served as vice
president and chief financial officer of Fusion Systems, a semiconductor
technology company. Mr. Greeves is a certified public accountant and received a
bachelor's degree in accounting from the University of Maryland.
Pradeep K. Singh was appointed as our senior vice president of engineering,
model research and development in March 2000. From March 1999 to March 2000,
Mr. Singh served as our vice president of engineering, model research and
development. From September 1995 to February 1999, he served as our director of
model research and development. From October 1994 to August 1995, he was one of
our software engineers. Mr. Singh received a bachelor's degree in engineering
from Delhi College of Engineering (India) and a master's degree in electrical
engineering from Clemson.
Bruce R. Evans has served as a member of our board of directors since
September 1997. Mr. Evans has been with Summit Partners, a venture capital
firm, since 1986, serving as a general partner since 1991 and managing partner
since January 2001. Mr. Evans currently serves on the boards of directors of
Omtool, Ltd., a provider of fax server and e-mail security software, and
Private Business, Inc., a provider of software and services to community banks
and several private companies. Mr. Evans received a bachelor's degree in
mechanical engineering and economics from Vanderbilt University and an MBA from
Harvard Business School.
Steven G. Finn has served as a member of our board of directors since March
1998. Dr. Finn has been a principal research scientist and lecturer at M.I.T.
since 1991. Dr. Finn has also served as a consultant with Matrix Partners, a
venture capital firm, since 1991.
William F. Stasior has served as a member of our board of directors since
March 1998. Since October 1999, Mr. Stasior has served as senior chairman of
Booz.Allen & Hamilton. From 1991 to October 1999, Mr. Stasior served as
chairman of Booz.Allen & Hamilton. Mr. Stasior also served as chief executive
officer of Booz.Allen & Hamilton from 1991 to April 1999.
14
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Our common stock began trading on the Nasdaq National Market on August 2,
2000, under the symbol "OPNT." The following table sets forth for the indicated
periods the high and low sale prices of our common stock as reported by the
Nasdaq National Market.
Period High Low
------ ------ ------
Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2001:
Second Quarter (beginning August 2, 2000)................. $55.75 $16.25
Third Quarter............................................. 45.13 8.75
Fourth Quarter............................................ 23.00 7.88
As of June 15, 2001, we had approximately 48 holders of record of common
stock. Because many of these shares are held by brokers and other institutions
on behalf of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of
stockholders represented by these holders of record.
We have never paid or declared any cash dividends on our common stock or
other securities and do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable
future. We currently intend to retain all future earnings, if any, for use in
the operation of our business.
On March 30, 2001, we paid $5.0 million and issued 650,000 shares of our
common stock to Make Systems, Inc., a California corporation ("Make"), pursuant
to our acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Make's NetMaker
division. Make was an accredited investor as defined in Rule 501 of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and the common stock
issued in this transaction was issued in reliance on the exemption from
registration set forth under Rule 506 of the Securities Act. No underwriters
were involved in the foregoing sale of securities.
On August 7, 2000, we closed an initial public offering of our common stock.
The Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-32588) was declared effective
by the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 1, 2000 and we commenced
the offering on that date. After deducting the underwriting discounts and
commissions and the offering expenses, the net proceeds to us from the offering
were approximately $54.1 million.
As of March 31, 2001, approximately $6.1 million of the net proceeds of the
offering had been used for general corporate purposes, including working
capital and capital expenditures. From the date of the offering through March
31, 2001, we used approximately $3.3 million of the net proceeds for capital
expenditures and leasehold improvements related to our new headquarters
facility in Bethesda, Maryland. We also used $5.0 million of the net proceeds
to purchase substantially all of the assets of Make's NetMaker division. None
of these amounts were paid directly or indirectly to any director, officer, or
general partner of us or their associates, persons owning 10% or more of any
class of our equity securities, or any affiliate of us. We have not allocated
any of the remaining net proceeds to any identifiable uses. We may also use a
portion of the net proceeds to acquire businesses, products, or technologies
that are complementary to our business. Pending their use, we have invested the
net proceeds in investment grade, interest-bearing securities.
15
ITEM 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in
conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes
and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations" included elsewhere in this Annual Report. The statement of
operations data for the years ended March 31, 2001, 2000, and 1999, and the
balance sheet data as of March 31, 2001 and 2000, are derived from, and are
qualified by reference to, our audited consolidated financial statements
included in this Annual Report. The balance sheet data as of March 31, 1999,
1998 and 1997, and the statement of operations data for the years ended March
31, 1998 and 1997 are derived from our audited consolidated financial
statements that are not included in this Annual Report. Historical results are
not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any future
period.
Year Ended March 31,
-------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
(in thousands, except per share data)
Statement of Operations Data:
Revenues:
Software licenses................. $18,939 $10,577 $ 6,715 $ 7,875 $ 5,596
Services.......................... 14,005 8,658 5,288 4,054 3,019
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Total revenues.................... 32,944 19,235 12,003 11,929 8,615
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Cost of revenues:
Software licenses................. 395 728 133 435 310
Services.......................... 4,750 2,875 1,249 980 698
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Total cost of revenues............ 5,145 3,603 1,382 1,415 1,008
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Gross profit....................... 27,799 15,632 10,621 10,514 7,607
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Operating expenses:
Research and development.......... 8,263 5,696 4,850 3,190 2,055
Sales and marketing............... 13,745 7,510 4,056 3,398 2,228
General and administrative........ 3,362 2,093 1,984 1,336 819
Purchased in-process research and
development...................... 770 -- -- -- --
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Total operating expenses.......... 26,140 15,299 10,890 7,924 5,102
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Income (loss) from operations...... 1,659 333 (269) 2,590 2,505
Interest and other income.......... 2,788 414 376 319 92
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Income before provision (benefit)
for income taxes.................. 4,447 747 107 2,909 2,597
Provision (benefit) for income
taxes............................. 1,567 172 (100) 1,134 1,105
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Net income......................... 2,880 575 207 1,775 1,492
Accretion of transaction costs on
redeemable convertible preferred
stock............................. (6) (14) (14) (9) --
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Net income applicable to common
shares............................ $ 2,874 $ 561 $ 193 $ 1,766 $ 1,492
======= ======= ======= ======= =======
Basic net income (loss) from
operations applicable per common
share............................. $ .10 $ .03 $ (.02) $ .21 $ .21
======= ======= ======= ======= =======
Diluted net income (loss) from
operations per common share....... $ .09 $ .02 $ (.02) $ .20 $ .21
======= ======= ======= ======= =======
Basic net income applicable per
common share(1)................... $ .18 $ .04 $ .02 $ .15 $ .13
======= ======= ======= ======= =======
Diluted net income per common
share............................. $ .16 $ .04 $ .02 $ .14 $ .13
======= ======= ======= ======= =======
Weighted average shares outstanding
(basic)........................... 16,440 12,912 12,831 12,237 11,674
Weighted average shares outstanding
(diluted)......................... 17,977 14,367 13,626 12,897 11,852
Balance Sheet Data:
Cash and cash equivalents.......... $62,623 $ 8,765 $ 6,414 $ 7,227 $ 2,178
Working capital.................... 56,474 7,112 6,806 8,135 3,280
Total assets....................... 92,273 16,828 13,205 11,833 5,887
Redeemable convertible preferred
stock............................. -- 6,948 6,934 6,920 --
Total stockholders' equity......... 76,454 3,468 2,737 2,480 4,077
- --------
(1) Basic earnings per share data for all years except for the year ended March
31, 2001, have been restated in accordance with EITF Topic No. D-95 (see
Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements).
16
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with
our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere
in this Annual Report. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking
statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Our actual
results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking
statements as a result of certain factors, including, but not limited to, those
set forth under "Certain Factors That May Affect Future Results" and elsewhere
in this Annual Report.
Overview
We provide intelligent network management software products and related
services. Our product suite currently consists of three primary software
products: OPNET IT Guru, OPNET Modeler, and OPNET Netbiz. An additional primary
software solution, OPNET ServiceProvider Guru for service providers, is
expected to be released by June 30, 2001. We sell our OPNET suite of products
to service providers, including telecommunications carriers; ISPs and ASPs;
large and medium-sized enterprises; and network equipment manufacturers. We
market our product suite in North America primarily through a direct sales
force and, to a lesser extent, several resellers and original equipment
manufacturers. In October 2000, we opened an office in Paris, France, as part
of our effort to expand our global sales and marketing capabilities.
Internationally, we market our products primarily through our Paris office and
third-party distributors.
We sold our first products in 1987. Our operations, including acquisitions,
have been financed principally through cash provided by operations, a venture
financing in September 1997 and the proceeds of our initial public offering in
August 2000. In August 1998, we introduced our OPNET IT Guru and OPNET Netbiz
products and began a new marketing and sales strategy to focus on these new
products. We expect that OPNET ServiceProvider Guru, a new software solution
designed for service providers, will become generally available at the end of
June 2001.
We generate revenues principally from licensing our software products and
providing related services, including maintenance and technical support,
consulting and training.
Our software license revenues consist of perpetual and term license sales of
our software products and royalty income. Software license revenues are
recognized upon delivery, provided that fees are fixed and determinable, no
significant modifications to the product are required, and collection of the
related receivable is probable. Where significant modifications are required,
software license revenues are recognized along with consulting fees on a
percentage-of-completion basis as the modifications are performed. We allow
customers to evaluate our software before purchase, and therefore it is our
policy not to allow returns.
Our service revenues consist of fees from maintenance and technical support
agreements, consulting services and training. The maintenance agreements
covering our products provide for technical support and periodic unspecified
product upgrades. Revenues from maintenance and technical support agreements
are deferred and recognized ratably over the support period. We offer
consulting services primarily to provide product customization and
enhancements. Consulting services are generally performed under fixed-price
agreements and recognized as the work is performed on a percentage-of-
completion basis. We provide classroom and on-site training to our customers on
a daily fee basis.
Software license revenues and service revenues for which payment has been
received, but that do not yet qualify for recognition as revenues, are
reflected as deferred revenues.
Revenues from sales outside of the United States represented 22.4%, 25.0%,
and 28.6% of our total revenues in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2001, 2000,
and 1999, respectively. Sales outside the United States are primarily made
through our Paris office and third-party distributors, who are generally
responsible
17
for providing technical support and service to customers within their
territory. We expect revenues from sales outside the United States to continue
to account for a significant portion of our total revenues in the future.
In March 1999, we entered into a two-year non-renewable agreement with
Cadence Design Systems ("Cadence"), that required us to make an aggregate
payment of $1.0 million to Cadence and to pay a 50% royalty on specified sales
of OPNET Modeler products sold to the portion of Cadence's customer base that
used an existing Cadence product. For the years ended March 31, 2001 and 2000,
Cadence royalties were $273,000 and $595,000, respectively. We amortized the
$1.0 million payment over the two-year marketing support period as part of
sales and marketing expenses, and charged the royalty payments to cost of
software license revenues as the related revenue was recognized.
At various dates during the year ended March 31, 2000, we granted options to
employees to purchase a total of 260,260 shares of common stock with exercise
prices below the estimated fair market value at the dates of grant. We recorded
compensation expense relating to these options of $107,000 and $36,000 for the
years ended March 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively, resulting in a remaining
deferred compensation balance of $180,000 at March 31, 2001.
On March 30, 2001, we acquired the NetMaker division of Make Systems, Inc.
("NetMaker") for consideration of $5.0 million in cash and 650,000 shares of
our common stock. NetMaker offers a sophisticated suite of products that
address the operational and engineering needs of traditional and next-
generation network service providers. The acquisition contributed key
components that enabled us to broaden our product suite for the service
provider market. The acquisition was accounted for using the purchase method.
See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information
related to our acquisition of NetMaker.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth items from our statements of operations
expressed as a percentage of total revenues for the periods indicated:
Year Ended March
31,
-------------------
2001 2000 1999
----- ----- -----
Revenues:
Software licenses..................................... 57.5% 55.0% 55.9%
Services.............................................. 42.5 45.0 44.1
----- ----- -----
Total revenues...................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0
----- ----- -----
Cost of revenues:
Software licenses..................................... 1.2 3.8 1.1
Services.............................................. 14.4 14.9 10.4
----- ----- -----
Total cost of revenues.............................. 15.6 18.7 11.5
----- ----- -----
Gross profit............................................ 84.4 81.3 88.5
----- ----- -----
Operating expenses:
Research and development.............................. 25.1 29.6 40.4
Sales and marketing................................... 41.7 39.1 33.8
General and administrative............................ 10.2 10.9 16.5
Purchased research and development.................... 2.4 -- --
----- ----- -----
Total operating expenses............................ 79.4 79.6 90.7
----- ----- -----
Income (loss) from operations........................... 5.0 1.7 (2.2)
Interest and other income (expense), net................ 8.5 2.2 3.1
----- ----- -----
Income before provision (benefit) for income taxes...... 13.5 3.9 0.9
Provision (benefit) for income taxes.................... 4.8 0.9 (0.8)
----- ----- -----
Net income.............................................. 8.7% 3.0% 1.7%
===== ===== =====
18
The following table sets forth, for each component of revenues, the cost of
these revenues as a percentage of the related revenues for the periods
indicated:
Year Ended
March 31,
----------------
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
Cost of software license revenues.......................... 2.1% 6.9% 2.0%
Cost of service revenues................................... 33.9 33.2 23.6
Comparison of Years Ended March 31, 2001 and 2000
Revenues
Total revenues increased 71.3% to $32.9 million for fiscal 2001 from $19.2
million for fiscal 2000. We believe that the percentage increase in our total
revenues achieved in this period is not necessarily indicative of future
results. Software license revenues were 57.5% of total revenues for fiscal 2001
and 55.0% of total revenues for fiscal 2000.
Software License Revenues. Software license revenues increased 79.1% to
$18.9 million for fiscal 2001 from $10.6 million for fiscal 2000. This increase
was primarily due to the substantial growth in overall demand for our suite of
products and broadening portfolio of related models and modules, increase in
the average transaction size, expansion of our marketing and direct sales force
and the growth of our international presence.
Service Revenues. Service revenues increased 61.8% to $14.0 million for
fiscal 2001 from $8.7 million for fiscal 2000. This growth was primarily a
result of increased maintenance and technical support contracts related to new
license sales, increased renewals of these contracts by our installed base of
customers, growing demand for consulting services, primarily for customization
of our OPNET Netbiz product, and increased training services.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of software license revenues consists primarily of royalties, media,
manuals, and distribution costs. Cost of service revenues consists primarily of
personnel-related costs in providing maintenance and technical support,
consulting, and training to customers. Gross margin on software license
revenues is substantially higher than gross margin on service revenues,
reflecting the low materials, packaging, and other costs of software products
compared with the relatively high personnel costs associated with providing
services. Cost of service revenues varies based upon the relative mix of
maintenance and technical support, consulting and training services.
Cost of Software License Revenues. Cost of software license revenues
decreased 45.7% to $395,000 for fiscal 2001 from $728,000 for fiscal 2000.
Gross margin on software license revenues increased to 97.9% for fiscal 2001
from 93.1% for fiscal 2000. The decrease in cost of software license revenues
and the related increase in margin was primarily due to a reduction in the
level of sales requiring royalty payments under our March 1999 agreement with
Cadence that required us to pay a 50% royalty for specified sales of OPNET
Modeler to the portion of Cadence's customer base that uses an existing Cadence
product. This agreement ended on March 31, 2001.
Cost of Service Revenues. Cost of service revenues increased 65.2% to $4.8
million for fiscal 2001 from $2.9 million for fiscal 2000. Gross margin on
service revenues decreased to 66.1% for fiscal 2001 from 66.8% for fiscal 2000.
This slight decrease in margin was primarily due to a slightly higher
proportion of service revenues derived from consulting services, which require
more personnel costs and provide lower gross margin than maintenance services.
19
Operating Expenses
Research and Development. Research and development expenses consist
primarily of salaries, related benefits and other engineering related costs.
Research and development expenses increased 45.1% to $8.3 million for fiscal
2001 from $5.7 million for fiscal 2000. The increase was primarily related to
increased research and development staffing levels for developing new products,
including our new OPNET ServiceProvider Guru product, as well as sustaining and
upgrading existing products. As a percentage of total revenues, research and
development expenses decreased to 25.1% for fiscal 2001 from 29.6% for fiscal
2000. This decrease as a percentage of total revenues resulted from a
proportionally smaller increase in research and development staffing levels
relative to a higher level of revenues for fiscal 2001. We believe that a
significant level of research and development investment will be required to
maintain our competitive position and broaden our product lines, and expect
that the dollar amount of these expenditures will continue to grow in future
periods.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of
salaries and related benefits, commissions, user conference costs, tradeshows,
advertising, external consulting fees and other costs associated with our sales
and marketing efforts. Sales and marketing expenses increased 83.0% to $13.7
million for fiscal 2001 from $7.5 million for fiscal 2000. This increase was
primarily due to a substantial increase in the size of our direct sales force,
increased commissions associated with the growth in revenues and a significant
increase in the level of advertising, tradeshow and other marketing activities.
As a percentage of total revenues, sales and marketing expenses increased to
41.7% for fiscal 2001 from 39.1% for fiscal 2000. The increase as a percentage
of total revenues was due to our additional investment of resources associated
with developing market awareness for our OPNET IT Guru and OPNET Netbiz
products. We intend to continue to expand our global sales and marketing
infrastructure and, accordingly, expect our sales and marketing expenses to
increase in the future.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist
primarily of salaries, related benefits and fees for recruiting, legal,
accounting and other services. General and administrative expenses increased
60.6% to $3.4 million for fiscal 2001 from $2.1 million for fiscal 2000. The
increased level of spending was primarily due to additional personnel costs and
other expenses associated with our expansion of supporting infrastructure. As a
percentage of total revenues, general and administrative expenses decreased to
10.2% for fiscal 2001 from 10.9% for fiscal 2000. We expect that the dollar
amount of general and administrative expenses will increase as we continue to
expand our operations.
Purchased In-Process Research and Development. In connection with the
NetMaker acquisition, we obtained an independent valuation to determine the
fair value of the net assets acquired and to allocate the purchase price. As a
result of the purchase price allocation, we recorded an expense of $770,000 in
the fourth quarter of fiscal 2001 representing the write-off of the fair value
of acquired in-process research and development that had not reached
technological feasibility nor had any alternative future use.
Interest and Other Income
Interest and other income increased 573.4% to $2.8 million for fiscal 2001
from $414,000 for fiscal 2000. The increase is primarily attributable to the
interest earned on the proceeds from our initial public offering and the
contribution of additional cash produced by our operations. This increase is
partially offset by fees associated with our $3.4 million letter of credit
outstanding at March 31, 2001.
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes for fiscal year 2001 increased to $1.6
million from $172,000 in fiscal 2000. Our effective tax rate for fiscal 2001
was 35.2% compared to 23.0% in the prior year. The increase in the effective
rate is primarily due to a reduction in the relative percentage of research and
development tax credits available to us compared to the level of operating
income.
20
Comparison of Years Ended March 31, 2000 and 1999
Revenues
Total revenues increased 60.3% to $19.2 million for fiscal 2000 from $12.0
million for fiscal 1999. Software license revenues were 55.0% of total revenues
for fiscal 2000 and 55.9% of total revenues for fiscal 1999.
Software License Revenues. Software license revenues increased 57.5% to
$10.6 million for fiscal 2000 from $6.7 million for fiscal 1999. This increase
was primarily due to the substantial growth in overall demand for our products,
increased market acceptance of our OPNET IT Guru and OPNET Netbiz products,
which were introduced in August 1998, and increased revenues generated through
our indirect sales channels.
Service Revenues. Service revenues increased 63.7% to $8.7 million for
fiscal 2000 from $5.3 million for fiscal 1999. This increase was primarily due
to a substantial increase in demand for consulting services, primarily for
customizing our OPNET Netbiz product, increased maintenance and technical
support contracts related to new license sales, increased renewals of these
contracts by our installed base of licenses and increased training services.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of Software License Revenues. Cost of software license revenues
increased 447.4% to $728,000 for fiscal 2000 from $133,000 for fiscal 1999.
Gross margin on software license revenues decreased to 93.1% for fiscal 2000
from 98.0% for fiscal 1999. This decrease in margin was primarily due to our
March 1999 agreement with Cadence that required us to pay a 50% royalty for
specified sales of OPNET Modeler to the portion of Cadence's customer base that
uses an existing Cadence product.
Cost of Service Revenues. Cost of service revenues increased 130.2% to $2.9
million for fiscal 2000 from $1.2 million for fiscal 1999. Gross margin on
service revenues decreased to 66.8% for fiscal 2000 from 76.4% for fiscal 1999.
This decrease in margin was primarily due to an increase in the proportion of
consulting revenues, and to a lesser extent training revenues, both of which
require more personnel costs and provide lower gross margins than our
maintenance services.
Operating Expenses
Research and Development. Research and development expenses increased 17.4%
to $5.7 million for fiscal 2000 from $4.9 million for fiscal 1999. The increase
was primarily related to increased research and development staffing levels for
developing new products and sustaining and upgrading existing products. As a
percentage of total revenues, research and development expenses decreased to
29.6% for fiscal 2000 from 40.4% for fiscal 1999. This decrease as a percentage
of total revenues resulted from a proportionally smaller increase in research
and development staffing levels relative to a higher level of revenues for
fiscal 2000. The small dollar increase was the result of a leveling of research
and development staff following a year of strong growth in headcount.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased 85.2% to $7.5
million for fiscal 2000 from $4.1 million for fiscal 1999. This increase was
primarily due to a substantial increase in the size of our direct sales force,
increased commissions associated with the growth in revenues, the amortization
of payments made in connection with our March 1999 agreement with Cadence and a
significant increase in the level of advertising, tradeshow and other marketing
activities. As a percentage of total revenues, sales and marketing expenses
increased to 39.1% for fiscal 2000 from 33.8% for fiscal 1999. The increase as
a percentage of total revenues was due to our additional investment of
resources associated with developing a market for our OPNET IT Guru and OPNET
Netbiz products, which were introduced in August 1998.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses increased
5.5% to $2.1 million for fiscal 2000 from $2.0 million for fiscal 1999. The
increased level of spending was primarily due to additional
21
personnel costs and other expenses associated with our expansion of supporting
infrastructure. As a percentage of total revenues, general and administrative
expenses decreased to 10.9% for fiscal 2000 from 16.5% in fiscal 1999.
Interest and Other Income
Interest and other income increased 10.1% to $414,000 for fiscal 2000 from
$376,000 for fiscal 1999. Interest income increased 21.1% to $407,000 for
fiscal 2000 from $336,000 for fiscal 1999 as a result of more cash being
available for investments primarily from additional cash flow from operations
in fiscal 2000. Other income decreased 82.5% to $7,000 for fiscal 2000 from
$40,000 for fiscal 1999. Other income in fiscal 1999 was primarily related to
proceeds from an insurance settlement. We had no debt outstanding in either
period.
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes for fiscal 2000 was $172,000. Our effective
tax rate for fiscal 2000 was 23.0%. This rate was relatively low due to
research and development tax credits available to us. The income tax benefit of
$100,000 for fiscal 1999 resulted primarily from research and development tax
credits for which we qualified during the year.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since inception, we have funded our operations primarily through cash
provided by operating activities. In September 1997, we raised $7.0 million in
venture financing, of which we used $3.4 million to repurchase stock from our
existing stockholders. In August 2000, we completed our initial public offering
in which we raised approximately $54.1 million, net of underwriting discounts
and offering expenses payable by us. As of March 31, 2001, we had cash and cash
equivalents totaling $62.6 million.
Cash provided by operating activities was $10.5 million, $4.1 million, and
$312,000 for fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. Cash provided by
operating activities is primarily derived from net income, as adjusted for
depreciation and amortization and increases in deferred revenue and accrued
liabilities. The significant increase in cash provided by operations was
attributable to our additional revenue growth, which has resulted in higher
accounts receivable, deferred revenue and accrued liability balances.
Cash used in investing activities was $11.1 million, $1.9 million, and $1.2
million for fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. The funds were used
primarily to purchase property and equipment for our new corporate headquarters
in Bethesda, Maryland and expenditures for purchased software. Cash used in
investing activities also includes the cash portion of the purchase price of
the NetMaker acquisition in March 2001. In fiscal 2000 and fiscal 1999, these
funds were also used to purchase marketing support rights from Cadence.
Cash provided by financing activities was $54.4 million, $88,000 and $64,000
for fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. The cash provided by financing
activities in fiscal 2001 reflected the proceeds from our initial public
offering, net of underwriting discounts and offering expenses, exercise of
stock options and the sale of common stock under our 2000 Employee Stock
Purchase Plan. During fiscal 2000 and 1999, the cash provided by financing
activities was primarily derived from the sale of common stock and from the
exercise of stock options.
We have a $5.0 million revolving line of credit with a commercial bank,
which expires in June 2001. Borrowings under this line of credit bear interest
at an annual rate equal to LIBOR plus 2% to 2.5%. We have currently used $3.4
million of this facility for a letter of credit that secures the lease for our
new headquarters in Bethesda, Maryland. There was no balance outstanding on
this line of credit as of March 31, 2001. We plan to renew the line of credit
upon its expiration in June 2001.
We expect to experience growth in our working capital needs for the
foreseeable future in order to execute our business plan. We anticipate that
operating activities, as well as planned capital expenditures, will
22
constitute a material use of our cash resources. In addition, we may utilize
cash resources to fund acquisitions or investments in complementary businesses,
technologies or products.
We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents and cash generated
from operations, along with available borrowings under our line of credit, will
be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash requirements for working capital and
capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months.
Certain Factors That May Affect Future Results
The following important factors, among others, could cause actual results to
differ materially from those indicated by forward-looking statements made in
this Annual Report and presented elsewhere by management from time to time.
Our operating results may fluctuate significantly as a result of factors
outside of our control, which could cause the market price of our stock to
decline
Our operating results have fluctuated in the past, and are likely to
fluctuate significantly in the future. Our financial results may as a
consequence fall short of the expectations of public market analysts or
investors, which could cause the price of our common stock to decline. Our
revenues and operating results may vary significantly from quarter to quarter
due to a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control. Factors that
could affect our operating results include:
. the timing of large orders;
. changes in the mix of our sales, including the mix between higher margin
software products and somewhat lower margin services and maintenance, and
the proportion of our license sales requiring us to make royalty
payments;
. the timing and amount of our marketing, sales, and product development
expenses;
. the cost and time required to develop new software products;
. the introduction, timing, and market acceptance of new products
introduced by us or our competitors;
. changes in network technology or in applications, which could require us
to modify our products or develop new products;
. general economic conditions, which can affect our customers' purchasing
decisions and the length of our sales cycle;
. changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors; and
. the timing and size of potential acquisitions by us.
We expect to make significant expenditures in all areas of our business,
particularly sales and marketing operations, in order to promote future growth.
Because the expenses associated with these activities are relatively fixed in
the short term, we may be unable to adjust spending quickly enough to offset
any unexpected shortfall in revenue growth or any decrease in revenue levels.
In addition, our revenues in any quarter depend substantially on orders we
receive and ship in that quarter. We typically receive a significant portion of
orders in any quarter during the last month of the quarter, and we cannot
predict whether those orders will be placed and shipped in that period. If we
have lower revenues than we expect, we probably will not be able to reduce our
operating expenses quickly in response. Therefore, any significant shortfall in
revenues or delay of customer orders could have an immediate adverse effect on
our operating results in that quarter.
For all of these reasons, quarterly comparisons of our financial results are
not necessarily meaningful and you should not rely on them as an indication of
our future performance.
23
The market for intelligent network management software is new and evolving,
and if this market does not develop as anticipated, our revenues could
decline
We derive all of our revenues from the sale of products and services that
are designed to allow our customers to manage the performance of networks and
applications. Accordingly, if the market for intelligent network management
software does not continue to grow, we could face declining revenues, which
could ultimately lead to our becoming unprofitable. The market for intelligent
network management software solutions is in an early stage of development.
Therefore, we cannot accurately assess the size of the market and may be
unable to identify an effective distribution strategy, the competitive
environment that will develop, and the appropriate features and prices for
products to address the market. If we are to be successful, our current and
potential customers must recognize the value of intelligent network management
software solutions, decide to invest in the management of their networks, and,
in particular, adopt and continue to use our software solutions.
We may not be able to grow our business if service providers do not buy our
products
A key element of our strategy is to increase sales to service providers,
and our future performance will be significantly dependent upon increased
adoption by service providers of our software products, including OPNET
ServiceProvider Guru. Accordingly, the failure of our products to perform
favorably in the service provider environment or to gain wider adoption by
service providers could have a negative effect on our business and future
operating results.
If our newest products, OPNET IT Guru, OPNET Netbiz and OPNET ServiceProvider
Guru, do not gain widespread market acceptance, our revenues might not
increase and could even decline
We expect to derive a substantial portion of our revenues in the future
from OPNET IT Guru and OPNET Netbiz, both of which were released in August
1998, and OPNET ServiceProvider Guru, which we expect to become generally
commercially available by June 30, 2001. Our business depends on customer
acceptance of these products and our revenues may not increase, or may
decline, if our target customers do not adopt and expand their use of OPNET IT
Guru, OPNET Netbiz and OPNET ServiceProvider Guru. To date, we have not
achieved widespread market acceptance of either OPNET IT Guru or OPNET Netbiz,
and we have not yet begun shipping OPNET ServiceProvider Guru. In addition, if
our OPNET Modeler product, which we have been selling since 1987, encounters
declining sales, which could occur for a variety of reasons, including market
saturation, and sales of our newer products do not grow at a rate sufficient
to offset the shortfall, our revenues would decline.
If we do not successfully expand our sales force, we may be unable to
increase our sales
We sell our products primarily through our direct sales force, and we must
expand the size of our sales force to increase revenues. If we are unable to
hire or retain qualified sales personnel, if newly hired personnel fail to
develop the necessary skills to be productive, or if they reach productivity
more slowly than anticipated, our ability to increase our revenues and grow
our business could be compromised. Our sales people require a long period of
time to become productive, typically three to six months. The time required to
reach productivity, as well as the challenge of attracting, training, and
retaining qualified candidates, may make it difficult to meet our sales force
growth targets. Further, we may not generate sufficient sales to offset the
increased expense resulting from growing our sales force or we may be unable
to manage a larger sales force.
Our ability to increase our sales will be impaired if we do not expand and
manage our indirect distribution channels
To increase our sales, we must, among other things, further expand and
manage our indirect distribution channels, which consist primarily of
international distributors and original equipment manufacturers and resellers.
If we are unable to expand and manage our relationships with our distributors,
our distributors are
24
unable or unwilling to effectively market and sell our products, or we lose
existing distributor relationships, we might not be able to increase our
revenues. Our international distributors and original equipment manufacturers
and resellers have no obligation to market or purchase our products. In
addition, they could partner with our competitors, bundle or resell
competitors' products, or internally develop products that compete with our
products.
We may not be able to successfully manage our expanding operations, which
could impair our ability to operate profitably
We may be unable to operate our business profitably if we fail to manage
our growth. Our rapid growth has sometimes strained, and may in the future
continue to strain, our managerial, administrative, operational, and financial
resources and controls. We plan to continue to expand our operations and
increase the number of our full-time employees. Our ability to manage growth
will depend in part on our ability to continue to enhance our operating,
financial, and management information systems. Our personnel, systems, and
controls may not be adequate to support our growth. In addition, our revenues
may not continue to grow at a sufficient rate to absorb the costs associated
with a larger overall employee base.
If we are unable to introduce new and enhanced products on a timely basis
that respond effectively to changing technology, our revenues may decline
Our market is characterized by rapid technological change, changes in
customer requirements, frequent new product and service introductions and
enhancements, and evolving industry standards. If we fail to develop and
introduce new and enhanced products on a timely basis that respond to these
changes, our products could become obsolete, demand for our products could
decline and our revenues could fall. Advances in network management
technology, software engineering, simulation technology, or the emergence of
new industry standards, could lead to new competitive products that have
better performance, more features, or lower prices than our products and could
render our products unmarketable. In addition, the introduction and adoption
of future network technologies or application architectures could reduce or
eliminate the need for predictive network management software.
If we fail to retain our key personnel and attract and retain additional
qualified personnel, we might not be able to sustain our revenue growth
Our future success and our ability to sustain our revenue growth depend
upon the continued service of our executive officers and other key sales and
research and development personnel. The loss of any of our key employees, in
particular Marc A. Cohen, our chairman of the board and chief executive
officer, and Alain J. Cohen, our president and chief technology officer, could
adversely affect our ability to pursue our growth strategy. We do not have
employment agreements or any other agreements that obligate any of our
officers or key employees to remain with us.
We must also continue to hire large numbers of highly qualified
individuals, particularly software engineers and sales and marketing
personnel. Our failure to attract and retain technical personnel for our
product development, consulting services, and technical support teams may
limit our ability to develop new products or product enhancements. Competition
for these individuals is intense, and we may not be able to attract and retain
additional highly qualified personnel in the future. In addition, limitations
imposed by federal immigration laws and the availability of visas could impair
our ability to recruit and employ skilled technical professionals from other
countries to work in the United States.
25
Our international operations subject our business to additional risks, which
could cause our sales or profitability to decline
We plan to increase our international sales activities, but these plans are
subject to a number of risks that could cause our sales to decline or could
otherwise cause a decline in profitability. These risks include:
. greater difficulty in accounts receivable collection and longer
collection periods;
. political and economic instability;
. difficulty in attracting distributors that will market and support our
products effectively;
. the need to comply with varying employment policies and regulations that
could make it more difficult and expensive to manage our employees if we
need to establish more direct sales or support staff outside the United
States;
. potentially adverse tax consequences; and
. the effects of currency fluctuations.
Expanding our OPNET Netbiz consulting services business will be costly and
may not result in any compensating increase in sales or profitability
We have recently begun to place additional emphasis on consulting services
delivered in conjunction with sales of OPNET Netbiz. The significant
additional expenditures and operational resources required to expand our OPNET
Netbiz consulting services business will place additional strain on our
management, financial, and operational resources and may make it more
difficult for us to maintain profitability. If OPNET Netbiz does not achieve
significant market acceptance, our customers will not engage our consulting
services organization to assist with consulting, custom development,
implementation support, and training for OPNET Netbiz. In addition, we may be
unable to attract or retain a sufficient number of the highly qualified
consulting services personnel that we expect the expansion of our consulting
services business will require.
We face intense competition, which could cause us to lose sales, resulting in
lower revenues and profitability
The intense and increasing competition in our market could cause us to lose
sales, which could result in lower revenues and could cause us to become
unprofitable. The market for predictive network management software is
evolving rapidly and is highly competitive. We believe that this market is
likely to become more competitive as the demand for predictive network
management solutions continues to increase. Many of our current and potential
competitors are larger and have substantially greater financial and technical
resources than we do. In addition, it is possible that other vendors as well
as some of our customers or distributors will develop and market solutions
that compete with our products in the future.
OPNET Modeler, OPNET IT Guru, and OPNET ServiceProvider Guru currently face
or potentially will face competition from several sources, including:
. software vendors with predictive network management offerings and
application performance diagnosis solutions, such as Compuware;
. consultants who offer predictive network management advisory services;
and
. customers who develop their own predictive network management
capabilities, either internally or through outsourcing.
OPNET Netbiz competes with solutions designed to facilitate and automate
sales processes in general.
26
If the Internet infrastructure does not grow as currently anticipated, sales
of our OPNET Netbiz product may not grow and our revenues may decline
Our OPNET Netbiz product addresses a new and emerging market for sales
process automation, including over the Internet, by service providers and
network equipment manufacturers. The failure of this market to develop, or a
delay in the development of this market, would reduce demand for OPNET Netbiz
and cause our revenues to decline. The success of OPNET Netbiz depends
substantially upon the widespread adoption of the Internet as a primary medium
for commerce and business applications. Moreover, critical issues concerning
the commercial use of the Internet, such as security, reliability, cost,
accessibility, and quality of service, remain unresolved and may negatively
affect the growth of Internet use or the attractiveness of commerce and
business communication over the Internet.
Potential errors in our products and our inability to correct those errors
could harm our reputation and could cause our customers to demand refunds
from us or assert claims for damages against us
Our software products could contain significant errors or bugs that may
result in:
. the loss of or delay in market acceptance and sales of our products;
. the delay in introduction of new products;
. diversion of our resources;
. injury to our reputation; and
. increased support costs.
Bugs may be discovered at any point in a product's life cycle. We expect
that errors in our products will be found in the future, particularly in new
product offerings and new releases of our current products.
Because our customers use our products to manage networks that are critical
to their business operations, any failure of our products could expose us to
product liability claims. In addition, errors in our products could cause our
customers' networks and systems to fail or compromise their data, which could
also result in liability to us. Product liability claims brought against us
could divert the attention of management and key personnel, could be expensive
to defend, and may result in adverse settlements and judgments.
Our software products rely on our intellectual property, and any failure to
protect our intellectual property could enable our competitors to market
products with similar features that may reduce our revenues by decreasing
demand for our products, and could allow the use of our products by users who
have not paid the required license fee
If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, our competitors
could use our intellectual property to market products similar to our
products, which could reduce our revenues by decreasing demand for our
products. In addition, we may be unable to prevent the use of our products by
persons who have not paid the required license fee, which could reduce our
revenues. Our success and ability to compete depend substantially upon the
internally developed technology that is incorporated in our products. Policing
unauthorized use of our products is difficult, and we may not be able to
prevent misappropriation of our technology, particularly in foreign countries
where the laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as those in the
United States. Others may circumvent the patents, copyrights, and trade
secrets we own. In the ordinary course of business, we enter into a
combination of confidentiality, non-competition, and non-disclosure agreements
with our employees. These measures afford only limited protection and may be
inadequate, especially because our employees are highly sought after and may
leave our employ with significant knowledge of our proprietary information. In
addition, any confidentiality, non-competition, and non-disclosure agreements
we enter into may be found to be unenforceable, or our copy protection
mechanisms embedded in our software products could fail or could be
circumvented.
27
Our products employ technology that may infringe on the proprietary rights of
others, and, as a result, we could become liable for significant damages
We expect that our software products may be increasingly subject to third-
party infringement claims as the number of competitors in our industry segment
grows and the functionalities of products in different industry segments
overlap. Regardless of whether these claims have any merit, they could:
. be time-consuming to defend;
. result in costly litigation;
. divert our management's attention and resources;
. cause us to cease or delay product shipments; or
. require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements.
These royalty or licensing agreements may not be available on terms
acceptable to us, if at all. A successful claim of product infringement against
us or our failure or inability to license the infringed or similar technology
could adversely affect our business because we would not be able to sell the
affected product without redeveloping it or incurring significant additional
expense.
If we undertake acquisitions, they may be expensive and disruptive to our
business and could cause the market price of our common stock to decline
In March 2001, we completed the NetMaker acquisition. We may continue to
acquire or make investments in companies, products, or technologies if
opportunities arise. Any acquisitions could be expensive, disrupt our ongoing
business, distract our management and employees, and adversely affect our
financial results and the market price of our common stock. We may not be able
to identify suitable acquisition or investment candidates, and if we do
identify suitable candidates, we may not be able to make these acquisitions or
investments on commercially acceptable terms or at all. If we make an
acquisition, we could have difficulty integrating the acquired technology,
employees, or operations. In addition, the key personnel of the acquired
company may decide not to work for us. We also expect that we would incur
substantial expenses if we acquired other businesses or technologies. We might
use cash on hand, incur debt, or issue equity securities to pay for any future
acquisitions. If we issue additional equity securities, our stockholders could
experience dilution and the market price of our stock may decline.
Our products are subject to changing computing environments, including
operating system software and hardware platforms, which could render our
products obsolete
The evolution of existing computing environments and the introduction of new
popular computing environments may require us to redesign our products or
develop new products. Computing environments, including operating system
software and hardware platforms, are complex and change rapidly. Our products
are designed to operate in currently popular computing environments. Due to the
long development and testing periods required to adapt our products to new or
modified computing environments, we could experience significant delays in
product releases or shipments, which could result in lost revenues and
significant additional expense.
ITEM 7a. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three
months or less to be cash equivalents, and those with maturities greater than
three months are considered to be marketable securities. Cash equivalents and
marketable securities are stated at amortized cost plus accrued interest, which
approximates fair value. Cash equivalents and marketable securities consist
primarily of money instruments and U.S. Treasury bills. We currently do not
hedge interest rate exposure, but do not believe that an increase in interest
rates would have a material effect on the value of our marketable securities.
28
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Our financial statements together with the related notes and the report of
Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors, are set forth in the Index to
Financial Statements at Item 14 and incorporated herein by this reference.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
None.
29
PART III
Certain information required by Part III is omitted from this Annual Report
as we intend to file our definitive Proxy Statement for our Annual Meeting of
Stockholders to be held on September 11, 2001, pursuant to Regulation 14A of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, not later than 120 days after
the end of the fiscal year covered by this Annual Report, and certain
information included in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by
reference.
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
(a) Executive Officers and Directors--The information in the section
entitled "Executive Officers, Directors and Key Employees of the Registrant" in
Part I hereof is incorporated herein by reference.
(b) Directors--The information in the section entitled "Election of
Directors" in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
The disclosure required by Item 405 of Regulations S-K is incorporated by
reference to the section entitled "Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting
Compliance" in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information in the sections entitled "Compensation of Executive
Officers", "Compensation of Directors" and "Compensation Committee Interlocks
and Insider Participation" in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by
reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The information in the section entitled "Security Ownership of Certain
Beneficial Owners and Management" in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein
by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The information in the section entitled "Certain Transactions" in the Proxy
Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
30
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORMS 8-K
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Form 10-K:
1. Financial Statements. The following financial statements of OPNET
Technologies, Inc. are filed as part of this Form 10-K on the pages
indicated:
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page
----
Independent Auditors' Report............................................. 33
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2001 and 2000................ 34
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended March 31, 2001,
2000, and 1999.......................................................... 35
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended March 31, 2001,
2000, and 1999.......................................................... 36
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the years
ended March 31, 2001, 2000, and 1999.................................... 37
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements............................... 38
2. Schedules are omitted as the required information is inapplicable or
the information is presented in the financial statements or related
notes.
3. Exhibits. The exhibits listed in the Exhibits Index immediately
preceding such exhibits are filed as part of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
On March 23, 2001, the Registrant filed a Current Report on Form 8-K under
Item 5 (Other Events) announcing that on March 20, 2001, the Registrant entered
into a definitive Asset Purchase Agreement (the "Asset Purchase Agreement") by
and among the Registrant, OPNET Development Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of
the Registrant (the "Sub"), Make Systems, Inc. ("Make"), and, with respect to
only certain specified provisions, Metromedia Company, whereby the Sub was to
acquire substantially all of the assets and operations of the Cary, North
Carolina-based NetMaker division of Make ("NetMaker").
On April 4, 2001, the Registrant filed a Current Report on Form 8-K under
Item 2 (Acquisition or Disposition of Assets) announcing that on March 30, 2001
the Registrant completed its previously announced acquisition of substantially
all of the assets and operations of NetMaker pursuant to the Asset Purchase
Agreement.
On June 13, 2001, the Registrant filed an Amendment No. 1 to Current Report
on Form 8-K/A to file under Item 7 (Financial Statements, Pro Forma Financial
Information and Exhibits) historical financial statements of NetMaker and pro
forma financial information reflecting the acquisition of NetMaker.
31
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on the 29th day of
June, 2001.
Opnet Technologies, Inc.
/s/ Marc A. Cohen
By: _________________________________
Marc A. Cohen
Chairman of the Board and
Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
Registrant and in the capacities and on the 29th day of June, 2001.
Signature Title
--------- -----
/s/ Marc A. Cohen Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
_____________________________________________ (Principal Executive Officer)
Marc A. Cohen
/s/ Alain J. Cohen President, Chief Technology Officer and
_____________________________________________ Director
Alain J. Cohen
/s/ Joseph F. Greeves Senior Vice President and Chief Financial
_____________________________________________ Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting
Joseph F. Greeves Officer)
/s/ Bruce R. Evans Director
_____________________________________________
Bruce R. Evans
/s/ Steven G. Finn Director
_____________________________________________
Steven G. Finn, PhD
/s/ William F. Stasior Director
_____________________________________________
William F. Stasior
32
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
OPNET Technologies, Inc.
Bethesda, Maryland
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of OPNET
Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the "Company"), as of March 31, 2001
and 2000, and the related consolidated statements of operations, cash flows and
stockholders' equity for each of the three years in the period ended March 31,
2001. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial
statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes
examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in
the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31,
2001 and 2000, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of
the three years in the period ended March 31, 2001, in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
McLean, Virginia
April 27, 2001
33
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except per share data)
March 31,
----------------
2001 2000
------- -------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents................................... $62,623 $ 8,765
Accounts receivable, net of $113 and $100 in allowance for
doubtful accounts at March 31, 2001 and 2000,
respectively............................................... 4,515 2,873
Unbilled accounts receivable................................ 1,406 339
Refundable income taxes..................................... 332 476
Deferred offering costs..................................... -- 400
Deferred income taxes....................................... 546 101
Prepaid expenses and other current assets................... 2,486 398
------- -------
Total current assets...................................... 71,908 13,352
Deferred income taxes........................................ -- 99
Property and equipment, net.................................. 6,891 2,272
Intangible assets, net of $1,000 and $542 in accumulated
amortization at March 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively....... 2,950 458
Goodwill..................................................... 9,754 --
Other assets:
Deposits.................................................... 75 62
Loan to officer............................................. 231 231
Purchased software, net of accumulated amortization of $744
and $223 at March 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.......... 464 354
------- -------
Total assets.............................................. $92,273 $16,828
======= =======
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable............................................ $ 514 $ 170
Accrued liabilities......................................... 7,146 2,479
Accrued income taxes........................................ 93 --
Deferred revenue............................................ 7,681 3,591
------- -------
Total current liabilities................................. 15,434 6,240
Deferred rent................................................ 59 30
Deferred revenue............................................. 311 142
Deferred income taxes........................................ 15 --
------- -------
Total liabilities......................................... 15,819 6,412
------- -------
Commitments and contingencies (note 10)
Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock, par value
$0.001--No shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2001,
160 shares authorized, 145 issued and outstanding at March
31, 2000, liquidation preference--$48.40 per share.......... -- 6,948
------- -------
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock--par value $0.001; 5,000 shares authorized;
160 shares designated as Series A (above), No shares issued
and outstanding at March 31, 2001, 145 issued and
outstanding at March 31, 2000............................... -- --
Common stock--par value $0.001; 100,000 shares authorized;
24,901 and 17,079 shares issued at March 31, 2001 and 2000,
respectively; 18,767 and 10,951 shares outstanding at March
31, 2001 and 2000, respectively............................. 25 17
Additional paid-in capital................................... 70,708 623
Deferred compensation........................................ (180) (287)
Retained earnings............................................ 9,999 7,125
Accumulated other comprehensive income....................... 2 --
Treasury stock--6,134 and 6,128 shares at March 31, 2001 and
2000, respectively.......................................... (4,100) (4,010)
------- -------
Total stockholders' equity................................ 76,454 3,468
------- -------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity.............. $92,273 $16,828
======= =======
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
34
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
Year Ended March 31,
-------------------------
2001 2000 1999
------- ------- -------
Revenues:
Software licenses................................ $18,939 $10,577 $ 6,715
Services......................................... 14,005 8,658 5,288
------- ------- -------
Total revenues................................. 32,944 19,235 12,003
Cost of revenues:
Software licenses................................ 395 728 133
Services......................................... 4,750 2,875 1,249
------- ------- -------
Total cost of revenues......................... 5,145 3,603 1,382
------- ------- -------
Gross profit....................................... 27,799 15,632 10,621
------- ------- -------
Operating expenses:
Research and development......................... 8,263 5,696 4,850
Sales and marketing.............................. 13,745 7,510 4,056
General and administrative....................... 3,362 2,093 1,984
Purchased in-process research and development.... 770 -- --
------- ------- -------
Total operating expenses....................... 26,140 15,299 10,890
------- ------- -------
Income (loss) from operations...................... 1,659 333 (269)
Interest and other income (expense), net........... 2,788 414 376
------- ------- -------
Income before provision (benefit) for income
taxes............................................. 4,447 747 107
Provision (benefit) for income taxes............... 1,567 172 (100)
------- ------- -------
Net income......................................... 2,880 575 207
Accretion of transaction costs on redeemable
convertible preferred stock....................... (6) (14) (14)
------- ------- -------
Net income applicable to common shares............. $ 2,874 $ 561 $ 193
======= ======= =======
Basic net income applicable per common share....... $ .18 $ .04 $ .02
======= ======= =======
Diluted net income per common share................ $ .16 $ .04 $ .02
======= ======= =======
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
35
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Year Ended March 31,
--------------------------
2001 2000 1999
-------- ------- -------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income....................................... $ 2,880 $ 575 $ 207
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization.................. 1,396 1,229 568
Write-off of property and software............. -- -- 3
Deferred income taxes.......................... (331) (64) (414)
Tax benefit from exercise of employee stock
options....................................... 238 -- --
In-process research and development............ 770 -- --
Expense related to employee stock options...... 190 36 --
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable.......................... (2,409) (39) (939)
Loans to employees........................... -- (231) --
Prepaid expenses and other current assets.... (743) (209) 46
Refundable income taxes...................... 144 (59) (38)
Deposits..................................... (13) (20) --
Accounts payable............................. 344 7 54
Accrued liabilities.......................... 3,883 1,496 434
Accrued income taxes......................... 93 -- --
Deferred revenue............................. 4,072 1,416 399
Deferred rent................................ 29 (10) (8)
-------- ------- -------
Net cash provided by operating activities... 10,543 4,127 312
-------- ------- -------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Maturities of securities available for sale...... -- -- 206
Purchase of intangibles.......................... -- (500) (500)
Acquisition...................................... (4,905) -- --
Purchase of software............................. (144) (197) (184)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment..... -- -- 2
Purchase of property and equipment............... (6,078) (1,167) (713)
-------- ------- -------
Net cash used in investing activities....... (11,127) (1,864) (1,189)
-------- ------- -------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from sale of common stock............... 59,800 -- 60
Costs incurred for initial public offering....... (5,732) (46) --
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options... 317 134 4
Purchase of treasury stock....................... (12) -- --
Issuance of common stock under employee stock
purchase plan................................... 67 -- --
-------- ------- -------
Net cash provided by financing activities... 54,440 88 64
-------- ------- -------
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash
equivalents...................................... 2 -- --
-------- ------- -------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash
equivalents...................................... 53,858 2,351 (813)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year...... 8,765 6,414 7,227
-------- ------- -------
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year............ $ 62,623 $ 8,765 $ 6,414
======== ======= =======
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for income taxes during the year....... $ 1,425 $ 566 $ 353
======== ======= =======
Cash paid for interest........................... $ 36 $ -- $ --
======== ======= =======
Supplemental disclosure of non cash activities:
Conversion of preferred stock.................... $ 6,954 $ -- $ --
======== ======= =======
Issuance of common shares for acquisition........ $ 8,288 $ -- $ --
======== ======= =======
Accrued tenant allowance......................... $ 1,058 $ -- $ --
======== ======= =======
Obligation assumed for acquired intangibles...... $ -- $ -- $ 500
======== ======= =======
Accrued offering costs........................... $ -- $ 354 $ --
======== ======= =======
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
36
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity
(in thousands)
Common Stock Treasury Stock Accumulated
------------------------- Additional -------------- Other Total
Shares Shares Paid-In Deferred Retained Comprehensive Stockholders'
Issued Outstanding Amount Capital Shares Amount Compensation Earnings Income Equity
------ ----------- ------ ---------- ------ ------- ------------ -------- ------------- -------------
Balance, April
1, 1998........ 16,759 10,631 $17 $ 102 6,128 $(4,010) $ -- $6,371 $-- $ 2,480
Net income...... 207 207
Share options
exercised...... 20 20 4 4
Common shares
issued......... 30 30 60 60
Accretion of
transaction
costs on
redeemable
convertible
preferred
stock.......... (14) (14)
------ ------ --- ------- ----- ------- ----- ------ ---- -------
Balance, March
31, 1999....... 16,809 10,681 17 166 6,128 (4,010) -- 6,564 -- 2,737
Net income...... 575 575
Share options
exercised...... 270 270 134 134
Deferred
compensation on
employee stock
options........ 323 (323) --
Amortization of
deferred
compensation on
employee stock
options........ 36 36
Accretion of
transaction
costs on
redeemable
convertible
preferred
stock.......... (14) (14)
------ ------ --- ------- ----- ------- ----- ------ ---- -------
Balance, March
31, 2000....... 17,079 10,951 17 623 6,128 (4,010) (287) 7,125 -- 3,468
Net income...... 2,880 2,880
Foreign currency
translation.... 2 2
-------
Total
comprehensive
income......... 2,882
Proceeds from
sale of common
stock, net of
expenses of
$5,732......... 4,600 4,600 5 54,063 54,068
Conversion of
Series A
redeemable
convertible
stock.......... 2,172 2,172 2 6,952 6,954
Share options
exercised...... 395 395 317 317
Share options
cancelled...... (10) 10 --
Common shares
issued for
Employee Stock
Purchase Plan.. 5 5 67 67
Issuance of
shares for
acquisition.... 650 650 1 8,287 8,288
Tax benefit from
exercise of
stock options.. 238 238
Purchase of
treasury
stock.......... (6) 171 6 (90) 81
Amortization of
deferred
compensation on
employee stock
options........ 97 97
Accretion of
transaction
costs on
redeemable
convertible
preferred
stock.......... (6) (6)
------ ------ --- ------- ----- ------- ----- ------ ---- -------
Balance, March
31, 2001....... 24,901 18,767 $25 $70,708 6,134 $(4,100) $(180) $9,999 $ 2 $76,454
====== ====== === ======= ===== ======= ===== ====== ==== =======
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
37
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Years Ended March 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999
1. ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
OPNET Technologies, Inc. ("OPNET" or the "Company") provides network
management software solutions that enable organizations to optimize the
performance and maximize the availability of communications networks and
networked applications. The Company's product suite consists of three primary
software products: OPNET Modeler, OPNET IT Guru, and OPNET Netbiz. The Company
sells its OPNET suite of products to service providers, including
telecommunications carriers, internet service providers, application service
providers, large and medium-sized organizations, and network equipment
manufacturers. The Company markets its product suite in North America primarily
through a direct sales force and, to a lesser extent, several resellers and
original equipment manufacturers. Internationally, the Company markets its
products primarily through third-party distributors and through its wholly
owned subsidiary, OPNET Technologies Societe Par Actions Simplifiee, in Paris,
France ("OPNET Technologies SAS").
(a) Principles of Consolidation--The financial statements include the
results of OPNET Technologies, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, OPNET
Technologies SAS, OPNET Development Corp., OPNET Technologies Limited and MIL 3
International Limited. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions
have been eliminated in consolidation.
(b) Estimates and Assumptions--The preparation of financial statements in
conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions.
These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date
of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those
estimates.
(c) Cash and Cash Equivalents--The Company considers deposits in banks and
all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less
to be cash equivalents. These investments are primarily composed of overnight
repurchase agreements, money market funds, obligations issued by various
federal governmental agencies and commercial paper. Cash equivalents are stated
at amortized cost, which approximates fair value due to the highly liquid
nature and short maturities of the underlying securities. Marketable securities
are classified as held-to-maturity and are reported at amortized cost plus
accrued interest.
(d) Concentration of Credit Risk--Financial instruments that potentially
subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of
cash and accounts receivable. The Company generally does not require collateral
on accounts receivable as the majority of its customers are large, well-
established companies, or government entities.
The Company maintains its cash balance at several financial institutions,
including a brokerage firm. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insures
the bank accounts up to $100,000. Although balances exceed that amount, the
Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not
exposed to any significant credit risk to cash.
(e) Software Development Costs--Development costs incurred in the research
and development of new software products and enhancements to existing software
products are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility has been
established. The Company considers technological feasibility to be established
when all planning, designing, coding, and testing has been completed according
to design specifications. After technological feasibility has been established,
any additional costs would be capitalized in accordance with Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 86, "Accounting for the Costs of Computer
Software to be Sold, Leased, or Otherwise Marketed." Through March 31, 2001,
software development has been substantially completed concurrently with the
establishment of technological feasibility, and, accordingly, no costs have
been capitalized to date.
38
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
(f) Purchased Software--Purchased software is amortized on a straight-line
basis, generally over five years. Amortization expense for fiscal years 2001,
2000 and 1999 was $127,000, $100,000 and $76,000, respectively.
(g) Property and Equipment--Property and equipment are stated at cost.
Depreciation on property and equipment is computed on a straight-line basis
over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generally ranging from five to
seven years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the
estimated useful life of the assets or the term of the related lease. Repairs
and maintenance are expensed as incurred; major improvements and betterments
are capitalized.
(h) Intangible Assets--Intangible assets consist primarily of goodwill,
other acquisition-related intangible assets and marketing support rights that
were acquired from another company under a two-year contract. Goodwill and
intangible assets are originally recorded at cost and amortized on a straight-
line basis over periods ranging from two to 10 years.
(i) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets--The Company reviews its long-lived
assets, including property and equipment, for impairment whenever events or
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of the assets may
not be fully recoverable. In the event an evaluation of recoverability is
required, the estimated future undiscounted net cash flows of the assets would
be compared to the carrying amounts of the assets to determine if a write-down
is required.
(j) Revenue Recognition-- The Company derives revenues principally from two
sources, product license fees for the use of the OPNET technology-based
software products, primarily OPNET IT Guru, OPNET Modeler and OPNET Netbiz, and
service fees.
The Company recognizes revenue based on the provisions of Statement of
Position ("SOP") No. 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition (as amended by SOP No.
98-4 and SOP 98-9) and SOP 81-1, Accounting for Performance of Construction-
Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts. Software license revenues consist
of perpetual and term license sales of software products and royalty income.
For the OPNET IT Guru and OPNET Modeler products, as well as the sale of OPNET
Netbiz products that do not include significant modifications to the software
that are essential to the functionality of the arrangement, software license
revenues are recognized upon persuasive evidence of an arrangement, delivery
and acceptance of the software, and when collection of a fixed or determinable
license fee is considered probable. When the initial sale of the OPNET Netbiz
product requires the Company to make significant modifications to the software
product that are essential to its functionality, software license revenues are
recognized along with consulting fees on a percentage-of-completion basis as
the modifications are performed, as described below. Royalty income is derived
from the sale of Company products by third parties whereby the third party
distributes the product under its own name. The Company receives a stipulated
percentage of all such sales. Royalty income is recognized at the time at which
the sale is communicated to the Company by the third party. The Company's
policy is not to allow returns because it allows its customers to evaluate the
Company's software products before purchases.
Service revenues consist of fees from maintenance and technical support
agreements, consulting services and training. Service revenues from
implementation and customization services that include significant
modifications to the software by the Company that are essential to the
customer's use are bundled with the software and the entire arrangement is
recognized under the percentage-of-completion method. In these circumstances,
although both software license revenues and service revenues are recognized
using the percentage-of-completion method where vendor-specific objective
evidence exists for each element, software license revenues are separated from
service revenues and classified accordingly in the statement of operations.
Percentage-of-completion is measured by the percentage of implementation and
customization hours incurred to the estimated total implementation and
customization hours. In addition, revenues from consulting services are
39
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
also measured by the relationship of hours incurred to the estimated total
hours of the contract. Revisions in estimated hours are reflected in the
accounting period in which the required revisions become known. Anticipated
losses on contracts are charged to income in their entirety when such losses
become evident. Training is provided on a daily-fee basis with revenue
recognized as the services are performed. Maintenance agreements provide for
technical support and periodic unspecified product upgrades. Maintenance
revenue is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of
the agreement; amounts received in advance of revenue recognition are
classified as deferred revenue.
Where software licenses are bundled with the sale of maintenance or other
services, the Company determines vendor-specific objective evidence ("VSOE") of
fair value for each element of the arrangement. For maintenance, VSOE is based
upon either the renewal rate specified in each contract or the price charged or
to be charged when sold separately. Both the renewal rate and price when sold
separately are in accordance with the Company's price list. For software
licenses, VSOE is based upon the price charged or to be charged when sold
separately, which is in accordance with the Company's standard price list. The
Company's standard price list specifies prices applicable to each level of
volume purchased and are applicable when the products are sold separately. VSOE
for consulting and implementation services is based upon the rates charged for
these services when sold separately. Discounts are applied proportionately to
each element included in the arrangement based on each element's fair value
without regard to the discount. In circumstances where VSOE is determinable for
all undelivered elements but is not available for the delivered elements, the
Company uses the residual method to recognize revenue on the delivered
elements. Discounts, if any, are applied to the delivered elements if the
residual method is used. However, where VSOE for undelivered elements of a
multiple element arrangement are not determinable, revenue on the arrangement
is entirely deferred until either VSOE is determinable or all elements are
delivered. If the only undelivered element is maintenance for which the Company
is unable to establish VSOE, all revenue is recognized ratably over the
maintenance period.
The Company sells off-the-shelf software licenses and maintenance to
distributors at a predetermined price. The Company provides technical support
and maintenance to the distributors and the distributors provide support to the
end customer. Revenue on these sales is recorded in the same manner as all
other software license and maintenance sales. These sales are not contingent
upon the distributors' resale of the software to the end user.
(k) Income Taxes--The income tax provision includes income taxes currently
payable plus the net change during the year in deferred tax assets or
liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect the differences
between the carrying value under generally accepted accounting principles and
the tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates for the period
in which the difference is expected to reverse.
(l) Advertising Costs--Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and were
$587,000, $533,000 and $373,000 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2001, 2000
and 1999, respectively.
(m) Foreign Currency Transactions--Revenues denominated in foreign
currencies are translated at the prevailing exchange rate at the time of the
transaction. Gain or loss on foreign exchange is reported in the Consolidated
Statements of Operations.
(n) Foreign Currency Translation--The results of operations for the
Company's international subsidiaries are translated from local currencies into
U.S. dollars using average exchange rates during each period; assets and
liabilities are translated using exchange rates at the end of each period.
Translation gains and losses are reported as a component of accumulated other
comprehensive income in stockholder's equity.
(o) Net Income Per Share--Basic net income per share has been computed using
the weighted average number of common shares and participating preferred shares
outstanding during the period; diluted net income per share includes dilutive
stock options.
40
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
In April 2001, the Emerging Issues Task Force rendered an interpretation,
Topic No. D-95, "Effect of Participating Convertible Securities on the
Computation of Basic Earnings Per Share," which stipulates that participating
convertible securities should be included in the computation of basic earnings
per share. The Company has restated basic earnings per share for fiscal years
2000 and 1999 in accordance with this interpretation.
(p) Comprehensive Income--In June 1997, the FASB issued SFAS No. 130,
Reporting Comprehensive Income. This statement requires the Company to report
and display certain information related to comprehensive income and its
components. Comprehensive income includes net income and other comprehensive
income. For the year ended March 31, 2001, comprehensive income for the Company
was $2.9 million and included accumulated foreign currency translation gains of
$2,000.
(q) Stock-Based Compensation--In October 1995, the FASB issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
(SFAS 123). As permitted by SFAS 123, the Company accounts for stock-based
compensation in accordance with APB Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock
Issued to Employees", and accordingly, recognizes compensation expense for
fixed stock option grants only when the exercise price is less than the fair
value of the shares on the date of the grant. Pro forma net income and pro
forma net income per share disclosures are provided for employee stock option
grants made in fiscal years 2001, 2000 and 1999 as if the fair-value-based
method defined in SFAS 123 had been applied (see Note 14).
(r) Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock--The Company accretes the
increase in the redemption value of its Series A redeemable convertible
preferred stock through a charge to retained earnings based upon the redemption
dates prescribed in the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. The
period of accretion began on the September 1997 issuance date and ended in
August 2000, upon the automatic conversion of all such shares upon the closing
of the Company's initial public offering (see Note 8).
(s) Reclassifications--Certain reclassifications have been made to the
prior-year financial statements to conform to the current-year presentation.
(t) Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements--In June 1998, the Financial
Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard
No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, which
establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and
hedging activities. As amended by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 137 and No. 138, this standard will be effective for the fiscal years and
quarters beginning after March 31, 2001, and requires that the Company
recognize all qualifying derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the
statement of financial position and measure those instruments at fair value.
The Company has evaluated this statement and it did not have a material impact
on its financial position or results of operation.
2. ACQUISITION
On March 30, 2001, OPNET Development Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the
Company, completed the acquisition of substantially all of the assets and
operations of the NetMaker division of Make Systems, Inc., pursuant to an Asset
Purchase Agreement (the "Asset Purchase Agreement"), dated March 20, 2001.
The aggregate purchase price for the acquisition was approximately $14.2
million and, pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement, the Company issued
650,000 shares of OPNET common stock and agreed to pay $5.0 million in cash in
exchange for the above described assets. The cash component of the acquisition
price was available from cash on hand. Of the cash payable pursuant to the
Asset Purchase Agreement, $800,000 will be held in escrow for a period of one
year to secure certain indemnification obligations.
41
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
The acquisition was accounted for by the purchase method of accounting and,
accordingly, the results of operations have been included in our consolidated
results from the acquisition date. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed
as part of the transaction were recorded at estimated fair values. Independent
valuations were obtained to determine the fair value of the net assets acquired
and to allocate the purchase price. The purchase price allocation resulted in a
$770,000 charge to earnings for the fair value of acquired in-process research
and development that had not reached technological feasibility, $3.0 million
for identifiable intangible assets including intellectual property and
workforce, $725,000 in net tangible assets acquired and the excess purchase
price of $9.8 million over the fair value of assets acquired was allocated to
goodwill. The purchase price allocation is preliminary and subject to
adjustment. The Company withheld $210,000 of the purchase price to provide for
adjustments, if any, related to the completion of the closing balance sheet
audit. The Company does not expect such adjustments, if any, to be material.
The following unaudited pro forma financial information for the years ended
March 31, 2001 and 2000, assumes the acquisition of the NetMaker division
occurred as of the beginning of the respective year, after giving effect to
certain adjustments, including the amortization of intangible assets. Further,
the pro forma results of operations do not include the write-off of in-process
research and development and the related tax effects. The effects of the
combined pro forma statements resulted in a net loss before income taxes and as
a result, pro forma net loss excludes any provision or benefit for income
taxes. The unaudited pro forma financial information includes the NetMaker
division's results of operations as presented in NetMaker's Statements of Net
Revenues and Direct Operating Expenses for the years ended December 31, 2000
and 1999. The financials for the NetMaker division exclude certain expenses not
directly attributable to the NetMaker division and therefore do not represent a
full financial statement presentation of the NetMaker division and are not
necessarily indicative of the operating results had the NetMaker division
operated on a standalone basis. The pro forma results have been prepared for
comparative purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of the results of
operations that may occur in the future, or that would have occurred if the
business combination had been in effect on the dates indicated.
2001 2000
------- -------
(in thousands,
except per
share data)
Revenues................................................ $34,764 $23,413
Net loss................................................ (180) (2,552)
Diluted net loss per share.............................. (.01) (.17)
3. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
At March 31, 2001 and 2000, goodwill and other intangible assets and related
accumulated amortization were as follows (dollars in thousands):
Useful Lives
(years) 2001 2000
------------ ------- ------
Goodwill.......................................... 10 $ 9,754 $ --
Developed technology.............................. 5 2,000 --
Assembled workforce............................... 3 950 --
Other intangibles................................. 2 1,000 1,000
------- ------
Total............................................. 13,704 1,000
Less: accumulated amortization.................... (1,000) (542)
------- ------
Intangible assets-net............................. $12,704 $ 458
======= ======
42
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Other intangibles consist of the distribution channel and rights to a
royalty stream, as well as marketing support rights, acquired by the Company
for $1.0 million pursuant to the terms of an agreement, effective March 1,
1999. The agreement was for a two-year period and expired in March 2001. The
Company paid $500,000 in cash at closing and the balance was paid during fiscal
year 2000. The Company amortized the cost over the two-year minimum period,
using the straight-line method.
4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
At March 31, 2001 and 2000, property and equipment were as follows (in
thousands):
2001 2000
------- -------
Computer equipment......................................... $ 4,943 $ 2,584
Leasehold improvements..................................... 3,368 62
Office furniture and equipment............................. 1,573 1,016
------- -------
Total.................................................... 9,884 3,662
Less: accumulated depreciation............................. (2,993) (1,390)
------- -------
Property and equipment-net................................. $ 6,891 $ 2,272
======= =======
Depreciation expense for fiscal years 2001, 2000, and 1999 was $938,000,
$729,000 and $450,000, respectively.
5. ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following at March 31, 2001 and 2000
(in thousands):
2001 2000
------ ------
Accrued compensation and bonuses.............................. $3,920 $1,731
Acquisition-related accruals.................................. 1,184 --
Accrued capital expenditures.................................. 1,410 --
Other......................................................... 632 748
------ ------
Total....................................................... $7,146 $2,479
====== ======
6. INCOME TAXES
The components of the provision for income taxes for the years ended March
31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, were as follows (in thousands):
2001 2000 1999
------ ---- -----
Current provision:
Federal............................................. $1,345 $158 $ 238
State............................................... 553 78 76
------ ---- -----
Total current provision........................... 1,898 236 314
------ ---- -----
Deferred (benefit) provision:
Federal............................................. (249) (69) (323)
State............................................... (82) 5 (91)
------ ---- -----
Total deferred benefit............................ (331) (64) (414)
------ ---- -----
Total (benefit) provision for income taxes........ $1,567 $172 $(100)
====== ==== =====
43
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
At March 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively, the components of the Company's
deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities were as follows (in
thousands):
2001 2000
----- -----
Deferred tax assets:
Accrued vacation expense..................................... $ 134 $ 68
Deferred revenue............................................. 322 361
In-process research and development.......................... 285 --
Deferred rent................................................ 22 9
Deferred tax credits......................................... -- 85
Nonqualified option exercises................................ 18 --
Other temporary differences.................................. 42 31
----- -----
Total deferred tax assets.................................. 823 554
----- -----
Deferred tax liabilities:
Cash to accrual conversion................................... -- (145)
Accelerated depreciation..................................... (264) (161)
Other temporary differences.................................. (28) (48)
----- -----
Total deferred tax liabilities............................. (292) (354)
----- -----
Net deferred tax assets.................................... $ 531 $ 200
===== =====
The provision for income taxes for fiscal years 2001, 2000 and 1999 differs
from the amount computed by applying the statutory U.S. Federal income tax rate
to income before taxes as a result of the following:
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
Statutory U.S. Federal rate................................ 34% 34% 34%
Increase (decrease) in taxes resulting from:
State income taxes--net of Federal benefit............. 7 7 7
Tax credits............................................ (8) (22) (141)
Other permanent differences--net....................... 2 4 7
--- --- ----
Effective tax rate......................................... 35% 23% (93)%
=== === ====
7. INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING
On August 1, 2000, the Company's registration statement for its initial
public offering of 4,000,000 shares of Common Stock became effective. The
offering closed on August 7, 2000, yielding proceeds of approximately
$46,814,000 after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering
expenses payable by the Company. The underwriters of the offering also
exercised their over-allotment option to purchase an additional 600,000 shares,
which closed on August 9, 2000, raising an additional $7,254,000 in net
proceeds to the Company. Upon the closing of the offering, the Series A
Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock was converted into 2,171,769 shares of
Common Stock as discussed in Note 8.
On June 27, 2000, in connection with the Company's initial public offering
of common stock, the Board of Directors approved a three-for-two split of
common stock. All references to the number of common shares and per share
amounts have been restated to reflect the effect of the split for all periods
presented.
On July 28, 2000, the Company filed its Second Amended and Restated
Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of
Delaware to increase the authorized capital stock of the Company to
44
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
105,160,000 shares, consisting of 100,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value
$0.001 per share, 5,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, par value
of $0.001 per share and 160,000 shares of Series A redeemable convertible
preferred stock, par value of $0.001.
On August 7, 2000, the Company filed its Third Amended and Restated
Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of
Delaware to adjust the authorized capital stock of the Company to 105,000,000
shares, consisting of 100,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per
share and 5,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, par value of $0.001
per share.
8. REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
On September 30, 1997, the Company entered into a Series A Redeemable
Convertible Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement (the "Agreement") with two
investors. The Company authorized 160,000 shares of the Series A Redeemable
Convertible Preferred Stock (the "Series A Preferred Stock") and issued and
sold 144,640 shares, $.001 par value, for $7,001,000. Each holder of Series A
Preferred Stock is entitled to vote on all matters to be taken before the
stockholders of the Company and is entitled to the number of votes equal to the
number of whole shares of Common Stock into which such holder's shares of
Series A Preferred Stock could be converted on the record date for the
determination of shareholders entitled to vote on such matter.
Any share of the Series A Preferred Stock may, at the option of the holder,
be converted at any time into fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common
Stock. The number of shares of Common Stock to which a holder of Series A
Preferred Stock shall be entitled upon conversion shall be the product obtained
by multiplying the Applicable Conversion Rate by the number of shares of Series
A Preferred Stock being converted. The Conversion Rate is defined as the
quotient obtained by dividing the "Initial Purchase Price" of $48.40 by the
Applicable Conversion Value which (after giving effect to the Company's ten-
for-one and three-for-two common stock splits) is $3.23 per share at March 31,
2000. The Applicable Conversion Value may be adjusted from time to time upon
certain conditions such as sale of Common Stock, issuance of warrants, options,
and rights to Common Stock, and extraordinary Common Stock events.
The holders of record of outstanding Series A Preferred Stock shall be
entitled to receive, out of any assets of the Company legally available
therefore, such dividends as may from time to time be declared by the Company's
board of directors. In the event of any liquidation, dissolution, or winding up
of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary, before any distribution may
be made with respect to the Common Stock or any other series of capital stock,
holders of each outstanding share of Series A Preferred Stock shall be entitled
to be paid out of the assets of the Company available for distribution to
holders of the Company's capital stock of all classes, an amount equal to the
"Initial Purchase Price" of each share of Series A Preferred Stock, as adjusted
for any stock split or combination, reclassification, or similar event (as so
adjusted the "Liquidation Amount"). The "Initial Purchase Price" per share of
the Series A Preferred Stock, as issued as of September 30, 1997, is $48.40.
The Series A Preferred Stock shall automatically be converted into Common
Stock upon the occurrence of a "Qualified Public Offering," which shall mean an
underwritten public offering of capital stock of the Company pursuant to an
effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
with gross proceeds in excess of $20,000,000 and an offering price per share of
such capital stock at least three times the then-existing applicable conversion
value of the Series A Preferred Stock.
At the written election of the holders of more than 50% of the then
outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock given during the thirty-day
period commencing on each of October 1, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, the Company
shall (1) redeem pro rata from all holders of Series A Preferred Stock within
60 days of its receipt of such election, 25% of the shares of Series A
Preferred Stock outstanding on October 1, 1997 or (2)
45
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
redeem all outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock concurrently with the
occurrence of a "liquidity event," which is defined as (1) the liquidation,
winding up or dissolution of the Company, (2) the sales of all or substantially
all of the assets of the Company, or (3) the merger or consolidation of the
Company with or into another entity. The redemption amount is based upon the
Liquidation Amount for purposes of these redemptions.
Each outstanding share of Series A Preferred Stock must be redeemed by the
Company within the 60-day period following receipt by the Company of written
notice from the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of such
class, given during the 12 month period commencing on October 1, 2005, at a per
share price equal to the higher of (a) the Liquidation Amount, or (b) the fair
market value of such share. The fair market value of the Series A Preferred
Stock shall be determined by negotiation between the Company and the holders of
the Series A Preferred Stock or by an independent appraisal.
The difference between the carrying amounts of the Series A Preferred Stock
of $6,934,000 and $6,948,000 as of March 31, 1999 and 2000, respectively, and
the redemption amount of $7,001,000 based upon the liquidation amount,
represents the cost of issuance. This amount was being accreted pro rata over
the period beginning on the September 1997 issuance date and ending on the
prescribed redemption dates beginning October 2002 and continuing through
October 2005. Upon closing of the Company's initial public offering as
disclosed in Note 7, the Series A Preferred Stock, net of unamortized issue
costs of $47,000, was automatically converted into common stock.
9. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company sells consulting services to a certain customer through another
company, which is wholly-owned by one of the executive officers of the Company.
Such sales totaled $94,000 during fiscal year 2001, $98,000 during fiscal year
2000 and $36,000 during fiscal year 1999. The Company had no accounts
receivable balance due from the other company as of March 31, 2001 and 2000.
10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
On June 2, 2000, the Company executed a new office lease agreement and
relocated its corporate and principal operational offices to Bethesda,
Maryland. The Company took possession of the premises, consisting of
approximately 60,000 square feet of office space, in February 2001. The lease
is for ten years with two five-year renewal options. The first year rent will
be approximately $2,267,000 and is subject to escalation based upon a consumer
price indexed adjustment of up to 3% each year. The lease also requires the
Company to maintain a security deposit of approximately $3,400,000 (in the form
of a bank letter of credit, as discussed below), which is subject to annual
reductions based upon meeting certain minimum financial requirements.
46
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
In addition, OPNET leases office space under noncancelable operating leases.
The leases for office space contain escalation clauses that provide for
increased rentals based primarily on increases in real estate taxes, operating
expenses, or the average consumer price index. Total rent expense under all
leases for fiscal years 2001, 2000 and 1999 was $1,182,000, $710,000 and
$677,000, respectively. At March 31, 2001, future minimum lease payments
required under noncancelable leases were as follows (in thousands):
Year ending March 31,
---------------------
2002.............................................................. $ 2,527
2003.............................................................. 2,576
2004.............................................................. 2,494
2005.............................................................. 2,529
2006.............................................................. 2,565
Thereafter........................................................ 13,518
-------
Total minimum lease payments.................................... $26,209
=======
11. CREDIT AGREEMENTS
On June 10, 2000, the Company entered into a $5,000,000 line of credit
facility, with a commercial bank, which expires in June 2001. The line of
credit allows the Company to use the funds for corporate borrowings and
issuance of letters of credit up to a maximum of $5,000,000. The Company used
the facility to issue a letter of credit for approximately $3,400,000 to
satisfy the security deposit requirements for its new corporate office
facilities lease, as discussed above.
The outstanding principal balance on the credit facility is payable in June
2001 with interest payable monthly, based on LIBOR plus the applicable margin
ranging from 2% to 2.5% as stated in the agreement. The credit facility also
has a renewal option for one additional year provided the Company meets certain
conditions by the original maturity date.
The credit facility is collateralized by certain assets of the Company.
There are also certain financial ratios and conditions that the Company must
maintain under the terms of the loan agreement, as well as certain covenants
with which the Company must comply. As of March 31, 2001, the Company had no
balance outstanding under its line of credit. The Company plans to renew the
line of credit upon its expiration in June 2001.
12. RETIREMENT PLAN
Effective August 1, 1993, OPNET established a 401(k) retirement plan (the
"Plan") covering all eligible employees, as defined. Eligible employees who are
at least 21 years old may participate. Under the terms of the Plan,
participants may defer a portion of their salaries as employee contributions.
The Company makes matching contributions, and may make discretionary and extra
contributions. Employee contributions and extra contributions made by the
Company are 100% vested immediately. In general, matching and discretionary
contributions made by the Company vest ratably over a five-year period. The
Company's expense under this Plan for fiscal years 2001, 2000 and 1999 were
$386,000, $236,000 and $140,000, respectively.
13. NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE
In February 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued
SFAS No.128, Earnings Per Share. This statement requires dual presentation of
basic and diluted earnings per share on the face of the income statement. In
April 2001, the Emerging Issues Task Force rendered an interpretation, Topic
No. D-95,
47
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
"Effect of Participating Convertible Securities on the Computation of Basic
Earnings Per Share" which stipulates that participating convertible securities
should be included in the computation of basic earnings per share. The Company
has restated basic earnings per share for fiscal years 2000 and 1999 in
accordance with this interpretation. The effect on basic earnings per share was
a $.01 reduction in fiscal year 2000. Basic earnings per share is to be
computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the
weighted average number of common shares and participating preferred shares
outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share is to reflect the
potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue
common shares were exercised or converted into common shares for all periods
presented.
The following is a reconciliation of the amounts used in calculating basic
and diluted net income per common share for fiscal years 2001, 2000 and 1999:
2001 2000 1999
----------- ----------- -----------
Income (Numerator):
Net income applicable to common
shares.............................. $ 2,874,000 $ 561,000 $ 193,000
Plus:
Accretion of transaction costs on
redeemable convertible preferred
stock............................... 6,000 14,000 14,000
----------- ----------- -----------
Net income (basic and diluted)....... $ 2,880,000 $ 575,000 $ 207,000
=========== =========== ===========
Shares (Denominator):
Weighted average shares outstanding.. 15,672,901 10,740,287 10,661,006
Plus:
Participating redeemable convertible
preferred stock..................... 767,557 2,171,769 2,169,600
----------- ----------- -----------
Weighted average shares outstanding
(basic)............................. 16,440,458 12,912,056 12,830,606
Plus:
Effect of other dilutive securities--
Options............................. 1,537,022 1,455,315 795,417
----------- ----------- -----------
Weighted average shares outstanding
(diluted)........................... 17,977,480 14,367,371 13,626,023
=========== =========== ===========
Net income per common share:
Basic net income applicable per
common share........................ $ .18 $ .04 $ .02
Diluted net income per common share.. $ .16 $ .04 $ .02
14. EQUITY BASED COMPENSATION PLANS
The 2000 Stock Incentive Plan (the "2000 Plan") provides for the granting of
incentive and nonqualified stock options to purchase up to 2,792,061 shares of
common stock of the Company. Beginning with the 2001 calendar year and
continuing through the term of the 2000 Plan, the number of shares available
for issuance will automatically increase on the first trading day of each
calendar year by an amount equal to 3% of the shares of common stock
outstanding on the last trading day of the preceding calendar year, not to
exceed an annual increase of 1,000,000 shares. The option price must be equal
to or greater than the fair market value, as determined by the Board of
Directors. Options are granted for terms of up to 10 years, and generally vest
over periods ranging from one to six years from the date of grant.
The 1993 Incentive Stock Option Plan (the "1993 Plan") provides for the
granting of incentive stock options to purchase up to 3,000,000 shares of
common stock of the Company. The option price must be equal to or greater than
the fair market value, as determined by the 1993 Plan Committee. Options are
granted for terms of up to 10 years, and generally vest over periods ranging
from one to six years from the date of grant. The Board of Directors approved a
resolution to make no further grants of options or stock awards under the 1993
Plan upon approval of the 2000 Plan.
48
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
During fiscal year 1999, the Company also granted stock options under three
separate nonqualified stock option agreements. These options were granted for a
ten-year period and vest over three years.
Option transactions were as follows:
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Shares Price
--------- --------
Options outstanding, March 31, 1998......................... 1,329,282 $ 0.61
Options granted........................................... 624,976 1.87
Options exercised......................................... (19,500) 0.16
Options canceled.......................................... (123,144) 0.72
---------
Options outstanding, March 31, 1999......................... 1,811,614 1.04
Options granted........................................... 260,260 2.57
Options exercised......................................... (270,176) 0.50
Options canceled.......................................... (36,758) 2.28
---------
Options outstanding, March 31, 2000......................... 1,764,940 1.32
Options granted........................................... 1,228,363 13.43
Options exercised......................................... (395,314) 0.80
Options canceled.......................................... (137,675) 6.26
---------
Options outstanding, March 31, 2001......................... 2,460,314 7.18
=========
Options exercisable, March 31, 2001......................... 186,687 1.83
=========
Options available for future grant, March 31, 2001.......... 2,152,211
=========
At March 31, 2001, options outstanding were as follows:
Weighted Average
Exercise Number Remaining
Price Outstanding Contractual Life
-------- ----------- ----------------
$ 0.269 7,500 5.01 years
0.358 375,765 3.06
1.467 411,155 4.13
2.000 435,681 5.46
4.000 65,813 8.76
9.656 41,500 9.73
10.688 83,750 9.98
12.000 535,902 9.22
13.000 206,250 9.34
13.200 66,648 9.25
19.500 230,350 9.54
The Company has computed the pro forma disclosures required under SFAS No.
123 for all stock options granted for the year ended March 31, 1999, using the
minimum value method permitted by SFAS No. 123 for nonpublic entities. For
fiscal years 2000 and 2001, the Company estimated its volatility based upon the
volatility of comparable public companies and the Company's historical stock
prices. The weighted average fair value at date of grant for options granted
during fiscal years 2001, 2000 and 1999 was $9.40, $3.01 and $0.29 per share,
respectively.
49
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
The weighted average assumptions used for options granted during fiscal
years 2001, 2000 and 1999 were as follows:
2001 2000 1999
------- ------- -------
Risk-free interest rate........................... 5.95% 5.90% 4.78%
Expected dividend yield........................... 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Expected life..................................... 4 years 4 years 4 years
Volatility factor................................. 92% 82% --
The pro forma effects of applying SFAS No. 123 for fiscal years 2001, 2000
and 1999 would be as follows (in thousands, except per share data):
2001 2000 1999
------ ---- ----
Pro forma net income....................................... $1,687 $461 $174
Pro forma net income per share--basic...................... $ .10 $.04 $.02
Pro forma net income per share--diluted.................... $ .09 $.03 $.01
At various dates during the year ended March 31, 2000, the Company granted a
total of 260,260 options to employees with exercise prices below the estimated
fair market value at the dates of grant. The Company recorded compensation
expense relating to those options of $107,000 and $36,000 for the year ended
March 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively, resulting in a remaining deferred
compensation balance of $180,000 at March 31, 2001.
During fiscal year 2001, a non-employee of the Company rescinded his
exercise of 6,000 nonqualified stock options. The Company agreed to reacquire
the shares previously issued under the option exercise and granted 6,000 new
options at the same exercise price with a weighted average fair value of
$80,000. Under Topic No. D-93, Accounting for the Rescission of the Exercise of
Employee Stock Options, for rescission transactions prior to January 1, 2001,
the Company may account for the rescission transaction as a modification of the
original options resulting in a new measurement date. As a result, the Company
recorded additional compensation cost of $93,000. The Company recognized the
additional compensation cost on the date of the rescission.
On January 20, 2000, the Company accelerated the vesting of an executive
officer's options to purchase 150,000 shares of common stock. The vesting was
accelerated as a consideration to the officer because the related stock options
were initially intended to be incentive stock options, but were actually non-
qualified stock options under section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code. Absent
this acceleration, management believes that it is unlikely the options would
expire unexerciseable. The officer exercised the option in full on that date
and borrowed $231,024 from the Company to pay income taxes incurred by him upon
purchasing the shares under the option, as evidenced by a promissory note. The
Company has agreed to make additional loans to the officer if it is
subsequently determined that he owes additional taxes in connection with the
purchase of the shares. The current and any subsequent borrowings under this
agreement bear interest at an annual rate of 6% and are due on the earlier of
the second anniversary of the date of issuance of the note or the first
anniversary of the Company's initial public offering. In addition, the note
gives full recourse to the Company against all of the officer's assets. The
Company fully intends to exercise this recourse if necessary.
50
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Compensation expense related to stock options for subsequent years is as
follows (in thousands):
Year ending March 31,
---------------------
2002................................................................ $ 90
2003................................................................ 65
2004................................................................ 25
----
Total compensation expense........................................ $180
====
During fiscal year 2001, the Board of Directors approved the adoption of the
2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESPP"), which provides all eligible
employees of the Company, including members of the Board of Directors who are
employees, to purchase up to a limited amount of shares, with a total limit of
300,000 shares of common stock of the Company. An employee may authorize a
payroll deduction up to a maximum of 10% of his or her compensation during the
plan period. The purchase price for each share purchased is the lesser of 85%
of the closing price of the common stock on the first or last day of the plan
period. A total of 5,226 shares of the Company's stock were issued under the
ESPP in fiscal year 2001.
In addition to the above, the Board of Directors approved the adoption of
the 2000 Director Stock Option Plan, which provides for the automatic annual
granting of options to purchase stock to Directors of the Company, who are not
employees of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company, for up to a total of
225,000 shares of common stock of the Company. The option price must be equal
to or greater than the fair market value, as determined by the Board of
Directors.
15. BUSINESS SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC AREA INFORMATION
The Company operates in one industry segment, the development and sale of
computer software programs and related services. No single customer accounted
for 10% or more of the Company's accounts receivable or revenues as of or for
the fiscal years ended March 31, 2001, 2000 or 1999. In addition, there were no
sales to any customers within a single country except for the United States
where such sales accounted for 10% or more of total revenue. Substantially all
assets are held in the United States for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2001,
2000 or 1999.
Revenues by geographic destination and as a percentage of total revenues for
fiscal years 2001, 2000 and 1999 are as follows (dollars in thousands):
2001 2000 1999
------- ------- -------
Geographic Area by Destination
United States..................................... $25,566 $14,424 $ 8,572
International..................................... 7,378 4,811 3,431
------- ------- -------
$32,944 $19,235 $12,003
======= ======= =======
2001 2000 1999
------- ------- -------
Geographic Area by Destination
United States..................................... 77.6% 75.0% 71.4%
International..................................... 22.4 25.0 28.6
------- ------- -------
100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
======= ======= =======
51
OPNET TECHNOLOGIES, INC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
16. VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
The following table sets forth activity in the Company's accounts receivable
reserve accounts (in thousands):
Balance at Balance at
Beginning Charges to End of
of Period Expenses Deductions Period
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Year ended --
March 31, 2001.................... $100 $ 25 $ 12 $113
March 31, 2000.................... 185 53 138 100
March 31, 1999.................... -- 185 -- 185
Deductions represent write-offs of receivables previously reserved.
17. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited)
The summarized quarterly financial data is as follows (in thousands, except
per share data):
Mar.
31, Dec. 31, Sep. 30, June 30, Mar. 31, Dec. 31, Sep. 30, June 30,
2001(1) 2000 2000 2000 2000 1999 1999 1999
------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Revenues................ $10,005 $8,735 $7,770 $6,434 $5,784 $5,105 $4,416 $3,930
Gross profit............ 8,546 7,464 6,519 5,270 4,704 4,139 3,473 3,316
Income (loss) from
operations............. 189 758 499 213 141 92 (9) 109
Net income.............. 771 1,144 741 224 238 144 61 132
Basic net income
applicable per common
share(2)............... $ .04 $ .06 $ .05 $ .02 $ .02 $ .01 $ .00 $ .01
Diluted net income per
common share........... $ .04 $ .06 $ .04 $ .02 $ .02 $ .01 $ .00 $ .01
- --------
(1) The net income for the three months ended March 31, 2001 includes the
write-off of in-process purchased research and development of $770,000 (see
Note 2).
(2) Quarterly basic earnings per share data for all quarters except for the
quarter ended March 31, 2001 have been restated in accordance with EITF
Topic No. D-95 (see Note 1).
52
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
Number Description
------- -----------
3.1** Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the
Registrant
3.2** Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant
4.1** Specimen common stock certificate
4.2** See Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 for provisions of the Certificate of
Incorporation and By-Laws of the Registrant defining the rights of
holders of common stock of the Registrant
10.1 Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of March
30, 2001, by and among the Registrant, Summit Ventures IV, L.P.,
Summit Investors III, L.P., Alain J. Cohen, Marc Cohen and Make
Systems, Inc.
10.2* Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 20, 2001, by and among the
Registrant, Make Systems, Inc. and Metromedia Company
10.3** Stock Repurchase Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1997, by and
between the Registrant and Marc A. Cohen
10.4** Stock Repurchase Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1997, by and
between the Registrant and Alain J. Cohen
10.5** Stock Purchase and Option Agreement, dated as of November 1, 1998,
between the Registrant and Steven G. Finn
10.6** Stock Purchase and Option Agreement, dated as of November 1, 1998,
between the Registrant and William F. Stasior
10.7** Stock Repurchase Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1997, by and
between the Registrant and George M. Cathey
10.8** Stock Purchase and Option Agreement, dated as of December 4, 1995,
between the Registrant and George M. Cathey, as amended on January 20,
2000
10.9** Amended and Restated 1993 Incentive Stock Option Plan
10.10** 2000 Stock Incentive Plan
10.11** 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
10.12** 2000 Director Stock Option Plan
10.13** Employment Agreement, dated as of December 4, 1995, between the
Registrant and George M. Cathey
10.14** Non-competition Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1997, between the
Registrant and Marc A. Cohen
10.15** Non-competition Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1997, between the
Registrant and Alain J. Cohen
10.16** Loan Agreement, dated as of January 20, 2000, between the Registrant
and George M. Cathey
10.17** Secured Promissory Note, dated as of January 20, 2000, issued by
George M. Cathey to the Registrant
10.18 Change-in-Control Agreement, dated as of June 1, 2000, between the
Registrant and Joseph F. Greeves
53
Exhibit
Number Description
------- -----------
10.19 Change-in-Control Agreement, dated as of June 1, 2000, between the
Registrant and Pradeep K. Singh
10.20 Change-in-Control Agreement, dated as of June 1, 2000, between the
Registrant and George M. Cathey
10.21** Office Lease Agreement, dated May 2000, between the Registrant and
Street Retail, Inc.
10.22** Loan Agreement, dated June 10, 2000, between the Registrant and Bank
of America, N.A.
21 Subsidiaries of the Registrant
23 Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP
- --------
* Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K
dated March 22, 2001 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
March 23, 2001 (File No. 000-30931).
** Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form
S-1 (File No. 333-32588)
54