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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
[x] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 28, 1997
OR
[] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from..............to..............
Commission file number ...........
AFC ENTERPRISES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Minnesota 58-2016606
(State or other jurisdiction (IRS Employer
of incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
Six Concourse Parkway, Suite 1700
Atlanta, Georgia 30328-5352
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(770) 391-9500
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Exchange Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Exchange Act: None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required
to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was
required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No ____
---
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405
of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form
10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. Not applicable
The aggregate market value of the common stock of AFC Enterprises, Inc. held by
non-affiliates of AFC Enterprises, Inc. is not applicable as the common stock of
AFC Enterprises, Inc. is privately held.
As of March 15, 1998, there were 34,448,604 shares of the registrant's Common
Stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The exhibit index is contained in Part IV herein on page 61.
AFC ENTERPRISES, INC.
INDEX TO FORM 10-K
PART I
Item 1. Business......................................................... 3
Item 2. Properties....................................................... 24
Item 3. Legal Proceedings................................................ 26
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.............. 26
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Stock and Related
Stockholders Matters.......................................... 27
Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data............................. 28
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations........................... 31
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data...................... 46
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on
Accounting and Financial Disclosure........................... 46
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant............... 47
Item 11. Executive Compensation........................................... 50
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners
and Management................................................ 58
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions................... 59
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports
on Form 8-K................................................... 61
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within
the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such forward-
looking statements relate to the plans, objectives and expectations of the
Company for future operations. In light of the risks and uncertainties inherent
in any discussion of the Company's expected future performance or operations,
the inclusion of forward-looking statements in this report should not be
regarded as a representation by the Company or any other person that these will
be realized. Such performance could be materially affected by a number of
factors, including without limitation those factors set forth in this section.
GENERAL
AFC Enterprises, Inc., a Minnesota corporation and its wholly-owned
subsidiary, AFC Properties, Inc., a Georgia corporation, (collectively "AFC" or
the "Company"), is the second largest quick-service chicken restaurant company
in the world, operating and franchising quick-service restaurants ("QSRs") under
the primary trade names of Popeyes Chicken and Biscuits(R) ("Popeyes") and
Churchs Chicken(R) ("Churchs"). The Company also franchises and operates quick-
service bagel bakery restaurants under the primary trade name of Chesapeake
Bagel Bakery ("Chesapeake" or "CBB"). Total restaurants by brand as of December
28, 1997 were as follows:
Popeyes Churchs CBB Total
------- ------- --- -----
Domestic franchised..................... 830 590 154 1,574
Domestic Company-operated............... 119 480 1 600
International (all franchised).......... 182 286 - 468
----- ----- --- -----
Total...................... 1,131 1,356 155 2,642
===== ===== === =====
The Company's principal executive offices are located at Six Concourse
Parkway, Suite 1700, Atlanta, Georgia 30328-5352 and its telephone number is
(770) 391-9500.
RESTAURANT LOCATIONS
As of December 28, 1997, the Company's 2,642 systemwide restaurants were
located in 45 states, the District of Columbia and 23 foreign countries.
Popeyes restaurants were located in 40 states, the District of Columbia and 18
foreign countries. The 119 Company-operated Popeyes restaurants are concentrated
primarily in the states of Texas, Louisiana and Georgia. Over 70% of the 830
domestic franchised Popeyes restaurants are located in the states of Texas,
Louisiana, Florida, California, Illinois, Maryland and Mississippi. Over 60% of
the 182 international franchised Popeyes restaurants are located in Korea.
Churchs restaurants were located in 29 states and seven foreign countries. The
480 Company-operated Churchs restaurants are concentrated primarily in the
states of Texas, Louisiana, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Mississippi and Arizona.
Almost 60% of the 590 domestic franchised Churchs restaurants are located in
Texas, California, Louisiana, Georgia, Florida, Michigan and Illinois. Over 70%
of the 286 international franchised Churchs restaurants are in Canada, Puerto
Rico and Indonesia. Chesapeake restaurants are located in 31 states and the
District of Columbia. The Company-operated Chesapeake restaurant is in the state
of Georgia. The 154 franchised Chesapeake restaurants are concentrated primarily
in the District of Columbia, Maryland and Virginia.
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STRATEGY
The Company has adopted a global strategy to increase revenues and profits
by the franchise development of its existing Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake
brands and the acquisition of additional branded concepts. The Company's
strategy is to (i) deliver world class service and support to its franchisees by
capitalizing on the Company's size, state-of-the-art technology and leadership
position, (ii) promote franchisee development of traditional and non-traditional
formats in new and existing markets and (iii) provide new and existing
franchisees with investment opportunities in high value/high growth branded
concepts outside of the quick-service chicken restaurant industry. The Company
believes that by following this strategy it will become Franchisor of Choice(TM)
which, when combined with the Company's market leadership position, superior
brand awareness and strong franchisee relationships, will result in continued
growth. To reflect this strategy, the Company changed its name in October 1996
from America's Favorite Chicken Company to AFC Enterprises, Inc.
COMPANY STRENGTHS
LEADING MARKET POSITION. The Company is the second largest quick-service
chicken restaurant company in the world, with 2,487 Popeyes and Churchs
restaurants located in the United States and 23 foreign countries. In 1998, the
Company expects to franchise and open over 200 new chicken restaurants in the
U.S. and over 100 new chicken restaurants internationally. At December 28,
1997, the Popeyes system included 949 domestic restaurants and the Churchs
system included 1,070 domestic restaurants. From industry data gathered at the
end of 1997, the Company believes that the Popeyes system generated
approximately 8.0% of sales in the domestic quick-service chicken restaurant
industry, while the Churchs system generated approximately 6.0% of sales in that
industry.
HIGH BRAND AWARENESS. With Popeyes' New Orleans style fried chicken and
Churchs' traditional Southern fried chicken, management believes Popeyes and
Churchs have achieved a high level of positive brand awareness with both
franchisees and consumers. Over Popeyes' 25 years of operation and Churchs' 45
years of operation, the Company's restaurants have become two of the most highly
recognized brand names in the QSR industry. Management believes that the
Company's reputation for offering a unique selection of high quality food
products and value pricing, combined with a high level of customer service, has
created a valuable franchise with strong brand name recognition and customer
loyalty.
STRONG FRANCHISEE RELATIONSHIPS. The Company enjoys strong relationships
with its franchisees as a result of its ongoing efforts to develop the Popeyes
and Churchs brands globally and develop the Chesapeake brand in the United
States by (i) investing capital to re-image and renovate Company-operated
restaurants in each of the systems, (ii) providing strong operational, marketing
and technological support to franchisees, (iii) delivering operating
efficiencies and economies of scale to franchisees and (iv) promoting
restaurants within non-traditional formats. Additionally, the Company
4
seeks to provide new investment opportunities to its franchisees by acquiring
and franchising high value/high growth branded concepts. The number of total
franchised restaurants for all brands has grown from 1,162 at year-end 1992 to
2,042 at December 28, 1997, and the number of commitments to open new franchised
restaurants has increased to 1,715 at December 28, 1997, compared with 372
commitments at year-end 1992.
SIGNIFICANT OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCIES. By virtue of its size and leadership
position in the quick-service restaurant industry, the Company benefits from
significant operational efficiencies. The Company's large number of
restaurants, centralized corporate management structure and ongoing
implementation of state-of-the-art management information systems enable the
Company to (i) tightly control restaurant and corporate-level costs, (ii)
capture economies of scale by leveraging its existing corporate overhead
structure and (iii) continuously monitor point-of-sale data in its Company-
operated restaurants to more efficiently manage restaurant operations. The
Company and its franchisees have experienced substantial levels of savings as a
result of the Company's size and related bargaining power, particularly with
respect to food, beverage and paper goods, and advertising and marketing
programs. In addition, the Company has achieved reductions in its general
corporate overhead expenses. These operational efficiencies have contributed to
the improvement of the Company's EBITDA margin from 8.0% in fiscal 1993 to 15.3%
in fiscal 1997.
STRONG MANAGEMENT TEAM. The Company's management team, led by Frank J.
Belatti and Dick R. Holbrook, has overseen a period of increasing total revenues
and EBITDA, as defined, from fiscal 1993 to fiscal 1997. Mr. Belatti and Mr.
Holbrook previously held senior executive positions at Hospitality Franchise
Systems, Inc. and, prior to that, at Arby's, Inc., and each has substantial
experience in the franchising and operation of restaurant service and hotel
enterprises. With an average of more than 19 years of experience in the QSR and
related industries, the Company's top eight executives have substantial
expertise in developing brand awareness and enjoy an excellent reputation in the
industry. Members of the Company's management team possess a diverse skill base
that includes brand marketing, restaurant operations, product and concept
development and technology systems integration.
OPERATING STRATEGY
RE-IMAGE AND RENOVATE EXISTING RESTAURANTS. The Company believes that
significant opportunities exist to increase the Company's revenues and gain
efficiencies in its current markets by re-imaging and renovating franchised and
Company-operated Popeyes and Churchs restaurants. Substantially all of the
costs of re-imaging and renovating franchised restaurants is borne by the
franchisee. By the end of 1999, the Company expects to substantially complete
its initiative to (i) add new signage, new decor, contemporary lighting and,
where appropriate, drive-thru service and (ii) improve the efficiencies of its
restaurant operating systems, including the installation of energy efficient
equipment at all of its Company-operated Popeyes and Churchs restaurants.
Partly as a result of its re-imaging and renovation efforts, Popeyes and Churchs
5
systemwide comparable restaurant sales have increased every year since the
implementation of this program in 1994. The Company, in cooperation with its
franchisees, intends to begin transforming all Chesapeake restaurants with a new
image, format and brand positioning during fiscal 1998. The transformations will
begin in the Washington, D.C./Baltimore area and then throughout the remainder
of the system. The Company hopes to complete such transformations by the end of
1998.
INCREASE DOMESTIC FRANCHISED RESTAURANTS. The Company believes that
significant opportunities exist to increase the number of domestic franchised
restaurants operated by both new and existing franchisees and that growth
through franchising can provide significant additional revenue growth at
relatively low levels of capital expenditures by the Company. The Company
intends to target restaurant growth in markets where it has or can achieve
sufficient penetration to justify television advertising because sales at
restaurants in the Company's media efficient markets are generally 5% to 10%
higher than sales in non-media efficient markets. The number of domestic
franchised restaurants has increased from approximately 9903 at the beginning of
1993, to 1,574 at December 28, 1997, and the Company anticipates that domestic
franchisees will open over 200 new restaurants in 1998, many of which will be in
the Company's target markets.
CAPITALIZE ON ADDITIONAL GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES. The Company intends to
aggressively pursue selected growth opportunities by (i) expanding its existing
brands to new domestic and international markets, (ii) promoting the development
of new points of distribution and (iii) acquiring additional branded concepts to
provide franchisees with a broad range of investment opportunities, thereby
generating a larger and more diversified stream of franchise revenues to the
Company. These initiatives include the following:
. NON-TRADITIONAL FORMATS. In response to new marketing opportunities
and consumer demand, the Company intends to continue to promote the
expansion of the number and type of non-traditional formats from which
it sells Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake food products. In addition to
the traditional stand-alone models, the Company has franchised and
opened Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake restaurants within community
shopping plazas, convenience stores, mall food courts, airports and
other transportation centers and grocery stores. For example, the
Company has opened both franchised and Company-operated restaurants in
various locations of The Kroger Co., one of the nation's largest
supermarket operators.
. CO-BRANDING INITIATIVES. The Company intends to selectively enter into
co-branding arrangements in which Popeyes and Churchs restaurants
share facilities with other QSRs. Management believes that co-branding
represents an attractive revenue growth opportunity that provides
brand awareness in new markets and faster opening times (as
restaurants are constructed within existing QSR facilities), together
with reduced costs of entry and lower ongoing capital expenditures.
The Company has entered
6
into several such arrangements including franchising Churchs
restaurants in 93 Cara Operations Limited Harvey's hamburger
restaurants in Canada and in 61 White Castle hamburger restaurants
throughout the Midwest, Southeast and Northeast.
. EXPANSION IN INTERNATIONAL MARKETS. Management believes that
international expansion is an attractive growth opportunity due to (i)
advantageous per unit economics, resulting largely from lower food
and/or labor costs and less QSR competition abroad, (ii) foreign
economies with an expanding group of QSR consumers and (iii) well
established markets for quick-service chicken restaurants in over 80
countries around the world. The Company's international operations
have increased from 172 franchised restaurants in 14 foreign countries
at the beginning of 1993, to 468 franchised restaurants in 23 foreign
countries at December 28, 1997. Additionally, commitments to develop
international franchised restaurants have risen from 161 at the
beginning of 1993, to 799 at December 28, 1997. The Company
anticipates that international franchisees will open over 100 new
restaurants in 1998.
. NEW BRANDED CONCEPTS. Management intends to identify and acquire
additional high value/high growth brands which would benefit from the
Company's operating efficiency, management experience, state-of-the-
art technology, service commitment to franchisees and shared
administrative infrastructure. In line with this strategy, in May 1997
the Company acquired all of the intangible assets relating to the
franchise business of Chesapeake, comprising 158 franchised bagel
bakery restaurants concentrated in Washington, D.C., Maryland and
Virginia. Additionally, in March 1998, the Company acquired 100% of
Seattle Coffee Company's common stock. This transaction included the
acquisition of 58 Company-operated and 10 franchised cafes under the
Seattle's Best and Torrefazione Italia brands.
INCREASE OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCIES AND LEVERAGE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY. The
Company's customized management information systems, typically not affordable by
smaller QSR chains, provide both the Company and its franchisees with the
ability to quickly capitalize on restaurant sales enhancement and profit
opportunities. The Company utilizes its management information systems to (i)
minimize waste and control labor costs, (ii) efficiently schedule labor, (iii)
effectively manage inventory and (iv) analyze product mix and various
promotional programs using point-of-sale information. For example, the Company
has installed a new point-of-sale FasFax(TM) system in its Company-operated
restaurants, as part of an ongoing program that was completed in July 1997.
This touch-screen cash register system provides management with real time
information on customer trends, sales mix, inventory management and product
pricing. The Company intends to demonstrate to new and existing franchisees the
efficiencies afforded by this system and other new technologies. Management
also believes that additional opportunities exist to improve operational
efficiencies and will
7
continue to implement a "back office" automation system to better manage food
and labor costs. In 1998, management intends to launch AFC Online, an intranet
for franchisees that will provide operational support, a restaurant development
roadmap, a business planning template, marketing information and certain other
relevant information on a 24 hours a day, seven days a week basis.
MAINTAIN HIGH QUALITY PRODUCTS, SUPERIOR CUSTOMER SERVICE AND STRONG
COMMUNITY RELATIONS. The Company seeks to ensure overall customer satisfaction
through consistency in food quality, service and restaurant appearance. The
Company maintains rigorous and ongoing quality control procedures over suppliers
and distributors to ensure that its product specifications are maintained. In
addition, the Company has taken an important leadership role in the
neighborhoods and communities it serves. Through its involvement in Habitat for
Humanity, the United Negro College Fund and the Hispanic Association of Colleges
and Universities, among others, the Company has established a meaningful
presence in the local communities it serves, while building customer loyalty and
brand awareness.
FRANCHISOR OF CHOICE(TM). The Company has adopted the Franchisor of Choice
global strategy, which will be implemented by (i) promoting distinctly
positioned brands, currently Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake, with other branded
concepts to be acquired in the future, (ii) developing multi-unit development
territories, (iii) providing high quality service and support to franchisees,
(iv) providing franchisees with alternative formats in innovative market
settings, (v) redesigning business processes to provide additional support to
franchisees, including a multi-million dollar investment in new technology, (vi)
eliminating barriers to growth for existing and new franchisees through new
financial and real estate support mechanisms and (vii) providing on-site or
field support including site selection, construction expertise, multi-national
supply and distribution, marketing, operations and training.
BRANDS
The Company franchises and operates restaurants catering to different
segments of the QSR industry.
POPEYES CHICKEN AND BISCUITS. Popeyes Chicken and Biscuits was founded in
New Orleans in 1972 and is the market leader in the Cajun segment of the QSR
industry. With more than 1,100 restaurants worldwide, Popeyes was the second
largest quick-service chicken restaurant chain in 1997, in terms of sales.
Popeyes specialty menu item is fresh, hand-battered, bone-in fried chicken sold
in two flavors--New Orleans Spicy and Louisiana Mild. Popeyes chicken is
complemented with a wide assortment of spicy and signature Cajun cuisine side
dishes, including red beans and rice, Cajun rice, Cajun fries and fresh,
buttermilk biscuits. Popeyes is positioned as a premium fried chicken for
customers who seek its full flavor and specialty blend of seasonings and spices.
Popeyes is also known for its "limited time offers" of unique items that
complement its base menu. Popeyes restaurants are generally found in urban
areas in traditional standalone locations,
8
as well as in non-traditional formats such as airports and other travel centers,
supermarkets and mass merchandisers.
The following table sets forth selected restaurant data regarding Popeyes
Company-operated and franchised restaurants.
Year Ended
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 26, December 25, December 31, December 29, December 28,
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
------------- -------------- ------------- -------------- ---------------
Total Company and franchised restaurants
open at beginning of period.................. 807 814 907 964 1,021
------------ ----------- --------- ---------- -----------
COMPANY RESTAURANTS:
Open at beginning of period.................. 115 110 113 117 120
Opened or acquired........................... 1 1 6 1 1
Closed....................................... (3) (1) (2) (6) (3)
Sold to franchisees.......................... (3) - - (1) (2)
Acquired from franchisees.................... - 3 - 9 3
------------ ----------- --------- ---------- -----------
Open at end of period........................ 110 113 117 120 119
------------ ----------- --------- ---------- -----------
Net Sales (in thousands)..................... $ 84,138 $ 87,690 $ 93,686 $ 92,145 $ 97,006
Percentage increase/(decrease)
in comparable sales....................... 0.8% 4.2% 2.2% (2.4)% 4.7%
DOMESTIC FRANCHISED RESTAURANTS
Open at beginning of period................. 654 659 740 772 774
Opened or acquired........................... 30 117 60 51 77
Closed....................................... (28) (33) (28) (41) (20)
Acquired from Company........................ 3 - - 1 2
Sold to Company.............................. - (3) - (9) (3)
------------ ----------- --------- ---------- -----------
Open at end of period........................ 659 740 772 774 830
------------ ----------- --------- ---------- -----------
Net sales (in thousands)..................... $ 484,589 $ 526,464 $ 566,526 $ 584,598 $ 630,466
Percentage increase in comparable sales...... 0% 1.2% 0.9% 1.4% 3.4%
INTERNATIONAL FRANCHISED RESTAURANTS
Open at beginning of period.................. 38 45 54 75 127
Opened or acquired........................... 9 11 39 58 59
Closed....................................... (2) (2) (18) (6) (4)
------------ ----------- --------- ---------- -----------
Open at end of period........................ 45 54 75 127 182
------------ ----------- --------- ---------- -----------
Net sales (in thousands)..................... $ 32,662 $ 35,726 $ 50,628 $ 85,365 $ 125,454
Percentage increase/(decrease)
in comparable sales....................... (10.3)% (2.2)% 11.6% 4.3% 1.3%
Total Company and franchised
restaurants open at end of period............ 814 907 964 1,021 1,131
============ =========== ========= ========== ===========
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CHURCHS CHICKEN. Churchs Chicken, founded in San Antonio, Texas in 1952,
is one of the United States' oldest QSR chains and has approximately 1,350
restaurants worldwide, making Churchs the second largest quick-service chicken
restaurant chain, in terms of number of outlets. Churchs restaurants focus on
serving traditional Southern fried chicken in a simple, no frills restaurant
setting. Churchs menu items also include other Southern specialties including
fried okra, coleslaw, mashed potatoes and gravy, corn on the cob and honey
butter biscuits. Churchs is positioned as a value-oriented brand, providing
simple, traditional meals to price conscious consumers. Churchs restaurants are
traditionally found in urban areas where the reputation of a "neighborhood"
restaurant has been established. With its small footprint and a simple
operating system, Churchs is rapidly expanding into non-traditional formats such
as convenience stores, grocery stores and co-branding locations.
Internationally, Churchs has been very popular in the Far East, operating under
the brand name Texas Chicken(TM).
10
The following table sets forth selected restaurant data regarding Churchs
Company-operated and franchised restaurants.
Year Ended
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 26, December 25, December 31, December 29, December 28,
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
------------- ------------ ------------ ------------- -------------
Total Company and franchised restaurants
open at beginning of period................. 1,078 1,078 1,165 1,219 1,257
------------- ------------ ------------ ------------- -------------
COMPANY RESTAURANTS:
Open at beginning of period................. 608 605 604 589 622
Opened or acquired.......................... 1 4 2 - 75
Closed...................................... (1) (2) (9) (13) (1)
Sold to franchisees......................... (6) (4) (8) (10) (148)
Acquired from franchisees................... 3 1 - 56 0
------------- ------------ ------------ ------------- -------------
Open at end of period....................... 605 604 589 622 480
------------- ------------ ------------ ------------- -------------
Net Sales (in thousands).................... $ 295,608 $ 314,165 $ 333,021 $ 338,135 $ 306,176
Percentage increase in comparable sales..... 4.6 % 6.2 % 5.6 % 4.3 % 5.2 %
DOMESTIC FRANCHISED RESTAURANTS
Open at beginning of period................. 336 327 333 364 367
Opened or acquired.......................... 11 23 27 76 93
Closed...................................... (23) (20) (4) (27) (186)
Acquired from Company....................... 6 4 8 10 148
Sold to Company............................. (3) (1) - (56) 0
------------- ------------ ------------ ------------- -------------
Open at end of period....................... 327 333 364 367 590
------------- ------------ ------------ ------------- -------------
Net sales (in thousands).................... $ 144,611 $ 150,844 $ 167,953 $ 187,512 $ 268,179
Percentage increase in comparable sales..... 3.3 % 2.8 % 2.5 % 5.1 % 2.9 %
INTERNATIONAL FRANCHISED RESTAURANTS
Open at beginning of period................. 134 146 228 266 268
Opened or acquired.......................... 14 87 52 41 32
Closed...................................... (2) (5) (14) (39) (14)
------------- ------------ ------------ ------------- -------------
Open at end of period....................... 146 228 266 268 286
------------- ------------ ------------ ------------- -------------
Net sales (in thousands).................... $ 112,410 $ 125,252 $ 146,772 $ 150,349 $ 149,633
Percentage increase/(decrease)
in comparable sales....................... (4.4)% 3.4 % 0.9 % (2.1)% 2.6 %
Total Company and franchised
restaurants open at end of period........... 1,078 1,165 1,219 1,257 1,356
============= ============ ============ ============= =============
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CHESAPEAKE. On May 5, 1997, the Company acquired all of the intangible
assets of the franchise business of Chesapeake from The American Bagel Company.
Located primarily in Washington, D.C., Maryland and Virginia, Chesapeake
currently franchises 154 bagel restaurants and has development agreements for
over 200 additional restaurants, of which approximately 20 restaurants are
expected to open in 1998. In 1997, Chesapeake was the fourth largest bagel
company in the world and the world's largest "made from scratch" bagel company.
"Made from scratch" means that the bagels are prepared fresh at each location
each day. Chesapeake restaurants offer a variety of freshly made items,
including a wide assortment of bagels and other baked goods, sandwiches, salads,
fountain drinks and specialty coffees. Several of the restaurants have viewing
areas that allow customers to experience the bagel making process. The
acquisition of Chesapeake gives the Company a presence in the growing bagel
segment of the QSR industry, provides a platform to expand into the growing
bakery cafe segment and diversifies its current brand portfolio, supporting the
Company's Franchisor of Choice(TM) global strategy.
MANUFACTURING OPERATIONS
ULTRAFRYER SYSTEMS. The Company's Ultrafryer Systems ("Ultrafryer")
division (f.k.a. Far West Products) is a manufacturer of restaurant equipment
and is located in San Antonio, Texas. Ultrafryer's focus is to provide equipment
for Company-operated and franchised Popeyes and Churchs restaurants domestically
and internationally, as well as other QSR customers. Ultrafryer's main product
is the Ultrafryer(TM) gas fryer.
SITE SELECTION
The Company has an extensive domestic site selection process for the
establishment of new Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake restaurant locations,
commencing with an overall market plan for each intended area of development
compiled by the Company and the relevant area developer, if any. This market
plan divides each such area into trading areas based on a detailed computer
analysis taking into account such factors as competitor locations, locations of
shopping centers and other commercial draws, natural and other boundaries,
residential and workplace populations and customer profile information that
measures propensities and demand for various restaurant segments as well as for
individual brands. Once a market plan is established for a particular area,
local real estate managers of the Company or area developers together with local
real estate brokers focus on the most desirable sites in each designated trade
area, taking into account such factors as visibility, ready accessibility
(particularly for evening drive-time traffic), parking, signage and adaptability
of any current structure, as well as a determination of the availability of the
site and the costs relating thereto. A thorough analysis of each site, including
the foregoing types of information, photographs of the site and neighboring
area, and a proposed layout and site elevations, as well as other materials,
must be submitted to the Company for approval. In addition, leases must contain
certain terms and provisions and are subject to the approval of the Company. The
Company emphasizes free-standing pad sites and end-cap locations with ample
parking and easy dinner-time access
12
from high traffic roads. Highly visible signage consistent with trade dress and
local laws and regulations is also aggressively pursued.
The Company's involvement in the international site selection process is
less significant due to the relative size and sophistication of the Company's
international franchisees, who independently conduct extensive site
investigations. International sites are often located in highly concentrated
urban areas and are built with a multi-floor layout to accommodate the higher
percentage of dine-in customers.
FRANCHISE DEVELOPMENT
The Company's global strategy includes the opening of substantially all new
restaurants through franchising additional restaurants to new and existing
franchisees. The Company enjoys strong relationships with its franchisees as a
result of its ongoing efforts to (i) develop Popeyes and Churchs globally and
Chesapeake in the U.S. by investing capital to re-image and renovate Company-
operated restaurants in each of the systems, (ii) provide strong operational,
marketing and technological support to franchisees, (iii) deliver operating
efficiencies and economies of scale to its franchisees and (iv) promote the
expansion of points of distribution to non-traditional formats and new markets
for existing brands, and by acquiring and franchising high value/high growth
branded concepts.
DOMESTIC DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENTS. Domestic development agreements provide
for the development of a specified number of restaurants within a defined
domestic geographic territory in accordance with a schedule of restaurant
opening dates. Development schedules generally cover three to five years and
typically have benchmarks for the number of restaurants to be opened and in
operation at six- to twelve-month intervals. Area developers currently pay a
development fee of $10,000 for the first restaurant to be developed and $5,000
for each additional restaurant to be developed under the same development
agreement. Such development fees are non-refundable and paid when the area
development agreement is executed. The Company currently offers exclusive and
non-exclusive development agreements. Under exclusive development agreements,
developers are granted a geographic area (the "Development Area") to develop a
Popeyes, Churchs or Chesapeake restaurant within which the Company agrees to
neither open nor grant the right to open to anyone other than the developer
another Popeyes, Churchs or Chesapeake restaurant (as the case may be) until 60
days after the expiration of the development schedule set out in the development
agreement subject, to the other terms of such agreement. The Development Area
generally does not include military bases, public transportation facilities,
toll road plazas, universities, recreational theme parks and the interior
structural confines of shopping malls, even though such facilities may be
located within a given Development Area. If a developer fails to comply with the
development schedule contained in its development agreement, or otherwise
defaults under the development agreement or under any other agreement with the
Company, the Company may, among other things (i) terminate or reduce the
territorial exclusivity in the Development Area or reduce the size of the
Development Area, (ii) terminate the development agreement, (iii) reduce the
13
number of restaurants that the developer can develop under the development
agreement, (iv) accelerate the development schedule, (v) withhold site approval
or (vi) refuse to permit the opening of restaurants under construction. Under
non-exclusive development agreements, the developer is not afforded any
territorial exclusivity and the Company reserves the right to establish or
franchise any restaurants in proximity to the development territory described
under such agreement.
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENTS. The Company enters into development
agreements with qualifying parties to develop Popeyes or Churchs franchised
restaurants in jurisdictions outside of the United States ("International
Development Rights"). International Development Rights may include one or more
countries or limited geographic areas within a particular country. The terms of
the development agreements for International Development Rights are, in most
respects, similar to domestic development agreements. International development
agreements also require the payment of a non-refundable "territorial fee" for
granting development rights in the new country as well as a pre-payment of a
portion of the franchise fee for each franchised restaurant to be developed
under the agreement. International development agreements also include
additional provisions necessary to address the multi-national nature of the
transaction (including foreign currency exchange, taxation matters and
international dispute resolution provisions) and are also subject to
modifications necessary to comply with the requirements of applicable local
laws, such as laws relating to technology transfers, export/import matters and
franchising.
FRANCHISE AGREEMENTS. Once a site has been approved by the Company and the
property has been acquired by the developer either by purchase or lease, the
Company and the area developer enter into a franchise agreement under which the
area developer becomes the franchisee for the specific restaurant to be
developed at such site. Current franchise agreements typically provide for
payment of a franchise fee of $15,000 per restaurant. Franchise fees for mass
merchandise locations (including department stores and supermarkets) are
generally $10,000 for the first location and $5,000 for each additional mass
merchandise location under the same development agreement. In addition, the
Popeyes and Churchs franchise agreements require franchisees to pay a 5% royalty
on net restaurant sales and a 3% (with respect to Popeyes) and 4% (with respect
to Churchs) national advertising fund contribution (reduced to a maximum of 1%
if a local advertising co-operative is formed). The Chesapeake franchise
agreements require franchisees to pay a 4% royalty on net restaurant sales and a
2% national advertising fund contribution. Certain of the Company's older
franchise and area development agreements provide for lower royalties and
reduced franchise and area development fees. Such older forms of agreements
constitute a decreasing percentage of all franchise agreements.
The Company now offers franchise agreements which provide for an area of
limited exclusivity (the "Protected Area") surrounding the Popeyes, Churchs and
Chesapeake franchise in which the Company may neither develop nor grant to
others the right to develop another Popeyes, Churchs or Chesapeake restaurant
(as the case may be), except that the Company generally excepts from such
Protected Area certain specified locations. The Protected Area generally
14
consists of an area equal to the lesser of (i) a one-mile radius from the
franchised restaurant or (ii) an area surrounding the franchised restaurant,
encompassing a population (residential and/or daytime commercial) of 50,000
people. The Protected Area does not include (i) enclosed shopping malls, (ii)
existing franchised restaurants and/or franchised restaurants for which
franchise agreements were previously granted or (iii) alternative venues,
including transportation facilities, toll roads and major thoroughfares,
educational facilities, institutional dining facilities, governmental
facilities, military bases, amusement parks and other locations, even though
such facilities may be located within the Protected Area.
All of the Company's franchise agreements require that each restaurant
operates in accordance with the operating procedures, adheres to the menu
established by the Company and meets applicable quality, service and cleanliness
standards. The Company may terminate the franchise rights of any franchisee who
does not comply with such standards. The Company is specifically authorized to
take accelerated action if any franchised restaurant presents a health risk. The
Company believes that maintaining superior food quality, a clean and pleasant
environment and excellent customer service are critical to the reputation and
success of the Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake systems and it intends to
aggressively enforce applicable contractual requirements. Franchisees may
contest such terminations.
The terms of international franchise agreements are substantially similar
to domestic franchise agreements, except that such agreements may be modified to
reflect the multi-national nature of the transaction and to comply with the
requirements of applicable local laws. In addition, royalty rates may differ
from domestic franchise agreements due to the relative size and sophistication
of international franchisees. The international developer is required to
partially pre-pay a franchise fee (typically $20,000) at the time the
development agreement is entered into, along with a development fee (usually
$5,000 to $10,000 for each development commitment).
TURNKEY DEVELOPMENT. In order to expedite development of domestic
franchised restaurants, the Company may build restaurants in certain markets,
which will be subsequently sold to qualifying franchisees as franchised
restaurants ("Turnkey Units"). In 1997, the Company entered into an agreement
with Banco Popular De Puerto Rico to provide up to $15 million in revolving
construction financing to AFC and permanent financing to qualifying franchisees
for these Turnkey units. The Company expects to have up to 30 sites in various
stages of development during 1998 under the Turnkey Program.
15
MARKETING AND COMMUNITY ACTIVITY
Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake products are marketed to their respective
customer bases using a three-tiered marketing strategy. First, electronic media
(local TV and radio) create awareness for the products and spark consumer
interest in particular product offerings. Second, print media (newspaper ads,
free-standing inserts and direct mail) generate trial by offering a purchase
incentive--often a coupon--to buy a new product or promotional item. Finally,
signage and point-of-purchase materials at Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake
restaurants support the promotional activity. Each of Popeyes, Churchs and
Chesapeake offer consumers a new program each month to maintain consumer product
interest. New product introductions and "limited time only" promotional items
also play major sales building roles and create regular repeat customers.
Both franchised and Company-operated Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake
restaurants contribute to a national advertising fund to pay for the development
of marketing materials and to a local advertising fund to support programs in
their local markets. For the fiscal year ended December 28, 1997, the Company
contributed approximately $20.1 million to the Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake
advertising funds.
AFC is also heavily involved in community activities and support programs
that often have an educational theme. Through The AFC Foundation, Inc., a non-
profit foundation, the Company has agreed to sponsor and help construct 200
homes worldwide through Habitat For Humanity, a non-profit sponsor of housing
construction for the poor. In addition, the Company supports the United Negro
College Fund and the Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities with
promotional fund raisers. Both brands also sponsor Adopt-A-School programs.
COMPETITION
The QSR industry is intensely competitive with respect to price, customer
service, concept, location, convenience and food quality. The industry is mature
and competition can be expected to increase. In addition, there are many well
established food service competitors with substantially greater financial and
other resources than the Company. Franchised and Company-operated restaurants
compete with a number of national and regional restaurant chains, as well as
with locally-owned restaurants offering low-priced and medium-priced foods.
Convenience stores, grocery stores, delicatessens, food counters, cafeterias and
other purveyors of moderately priced and quickly prepared foods also compete
with the Company. The Company's primary competitor in the quick-service chicken
restaurant market is KFC, which has a majority of the quick-service chicken
restaurant market. The Company's next largest competitors in the quick-service
chicken restaurant market are a number of regional chicken restaurant chains.
From recently gathered industry data, management believes that Company sales are
over five times the sales of the Company's next largest chicken QSR competitor.
Other QSR competitors include hamburger, pizza, sandwich and Chinese
16
food QSRs, other purveyors of carry-out food and convenience dining
establishments, including national restaurant chains.
The Company believes that product quality, taste, name recognition,
convenience of location, speed of service, menu variety, price and ambiance are
the most important competitive factors in the QSR industry and that its
restaurants effectively compete in such categories. The Company regularly
monitors its competitors' prices and adjusts its prices and marketing strategy
in light of existing conditions.
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
In 1994, the Company entered into a ten-year outsourcing agreement with IBM
Global Services, a division of IBM ("IGS"). Under this agreement, IGS is in the
process of customizing the Company's management information systems. Typically
not affordable by smaller quick-service restaurant chains, the IGS management
information system provides the Company with the ability to quickly capitalize
on restaurant sales enhancement and profit opportunities. The Company utilizes
its management information systems to (i) minimize waste and control labor
costs, (ii) efficiently schedule labor, (iii) effectively manage inventory and
(iv) analyze product mix and various promotional programs using point-of-sale
information. The IGS agreement allowed the Company to complete the
implementation of a new point-of-sale FasFax(TM) system in each of its Company-
operated restaurants in July 1997. This touch-screen cash register system allows
for a significant increase of timely information on customer trends, sales mix,
inventory management and product pricing. The Company intends to demonstrate to
new and existing franchisees the efficiencies afforded by the FasFax(TM) system
and other new technologies. Management believes that the IGS agreement has
provided the Company with a number of additional opportunities to improve
operational efficiencies. In that regard, the Company will continue to implement
a "back office" automation system to better control food and labor costs. In
1998, management intends to launch AFC Online, an intranet for franchisees that
will provide operational support, a restaurant development roadmap, a business
planning template, marketing information and certain other relevant information
on a 24 hours a day, seven days a week basis. Finally, the IGS agreement has
allowed the Company's numerous departments to join a common computer network
using a common infrastructure. See Notes 9 and 14 to the Company's Consolidated
Financial Statements.
YEAR 2000 ISSUES
In the process of customizing the Company's management information systems,
the Company established procedures to ensure that its new systems were year 2000
compliant. In addition, during 1997 the Company formalized a plan to analyze all
of its financial and operating computer systems to ensure any corrective action
necessary to eliminate problems before the beginning of the year 2000. This plan
includes analyses of existing systems, new systems to be implemented in 1998 and
1999, systems used by its vendors and customers that are needed for the proper
functioning of the Company's systems and all other known Company processes that
use computer systems to function.
17
While the analysis phase of the plan has not been completed as of December 28,
1997, the Company believes that, with the completion of its system upgrades, a
significant portion of the potential year 2000 issues will be resolved. Although
the analysis is not yet complete, the Company believes that the cost, if any, to
make other systems year 2000 compliant will not be material to its results of
operations.
SUPPLIERS
Franchisees are generally required to purchase all ingredients, products,
materials, supplies, and other items necessary in the operation of their
businesses solely from suppliers who (i) demonstrate, to the continuing
satisfaction of the Company, the ability to meet the Company's standards and
specifications for such items, (ii) possess adequate quality controls and
capacity to supply franchisees' needs promptly and reliably and (iii) have been
approved in writing by the Company. Notwithstanding the above, Company-operated
restaurants are obligated by various agreements to serve certain Coca-Cola(R) or
Dr Pepper(R) beverages exclusively. The Company also has an agreement with
Diversified Foods and Seasonings, Inc. ("Diversified"), which terminates in
March 2029, under which the Company is required to purchase certain proprietary
products made exclusively by Diversified. Moreover, Diversified is the sole
supplier of certain proprietary products for the Popeyes system. Diversified
sells only to Company approved distributors who in turn sell to franchised and
Company-operated restaurants. In the fiscal year ended December 28, 1997, the
Popeyes system purchased approximately $32.2 million of proprietary products
made by Diversified. The Company recently settled an action brought by
Diversified relating to the Diversified supply agreement. See "Item 3. Legal
Proceedings". The Popeyes and Churchs systems purchase fresh chicken from 14
suppliers from 33 plant locations.
Supplies are generally provided to franchised and Company-operated
restaurants in the Popeyes and Churchs systems pursuant to supply agreements
negotiated by Popeyes Operators Purchasing Cooperative Association, Inc.
("POPCA") and Churchs Operators Purchasing Association, Inc. ("COPA"),
respectively, each a not-for-profit corporation that was created for the purpose
of consolidating the collective purchasing power of the franchised and Company-
operated restaurants and negotiating favorable terms therefor. COPA also
purchases certain ingredients and supplies for Chesapeake franchised and
Company-operated restaurants in order to further leverage the collective buying
power of AFC. The purchasing cooperatives are not obligated to purchase, and do
not bind their members to commitments to purchase, any supplies. Membership in
each cooperative is open to all franchisees. Since 1995, the Company's franchise
agreements have required that each franchisee joins its respective purchasing
cooperative as a member. All Company-operated Popeyes and Churchs restaurants
are members of POPCA or COPA, as the case may be. Substantially all of the
Company's domestic franchisees participate in POPCA or COPA.
18
TRADEMARKS AND LICENSES
The Company owns a number of trademarks and service marks that have been
registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office, including the
marks Popeyes(R), Churchs(R), Popeyes Chicken and Biscuits(R), Chesapeake Bagel
Bakery(R) and each brand's logo utilized by the Company and its franchisees in
virtually all Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake restaurants domestically. The
Company also has trademark applications pending for a number of additional
marks, including Gotta Love It(TM), Day of Dreams(TM) and Franchisor of
Choice(TM). In addition, the Company has registered or made application to
register the marks (or, in certain cases, the marks in connection with
additional words or graphics) in approximately 100 foreign countries, although
there can be no assurance that any mark is registrable in every country
registration is sought. The Company considers its intellectual property rights
to be important to its business and actively defends and enforces them.
FORMULA AGREEMENT. The Company has a formula licensing agreement, as
amended (the "Formula Agreement"), with Alvin C. Copeland ("Copeland"), the
former owner of the Popeyes and Churchs restaurant systems, and Diversified,
which calls for the worldwide exclusive licensing to the Popeyes system of the
spicy fried chicken formula and certain other ingredients used in Popeyes
products. The Company recently settled an action brought by Copeland and
Diversified in connection with the Formula Agreement. See "Item 3. Legal
Proceedings". The Formula Agreement provides for monthly royalty payments of
$237,500 until April 1999, and, thereafter, monthly royalty payments of $254,166
until March 2029.
KING FEATURES AGREEMENTS. The Company currently has a number of domestic
and international agreements with The Hearst Corporation, King Features
Syndicate Division ("King Features") under which the Company has the exclusive
license to use the image and likeness of the cartoon character "Popeye" (and
certain companion characters such as "Olive Oyl") in connection with the
operation of franchised and Company-operated Popeyes restaurants worldwide.
Under the current agreements, the Company is obligated to pay to King Features a
royalty of 0.1% of the first $1 billion of Popeyes systemwide sales and 0.05%
for the next $2 billion of such sales. The King Features agreements
automatically renew annually.
ACQUISITION STRATEGY
One of the Company's core strategies is to grow through the acquisition of
additional high value/high growth franchiseable concepts, leveraging the
implementation of such concepts over its existing franchise system
infrastructure. In that regard, the 1997 Credit Facility (see Note 8 in the
footnotes to the Consolidated Financial Statements) includes a $100 million
Acquisition Facility. To implement this strategy successfully, the Company will
be dependent on its ability to identify and acquire such concepts and to
successfully integrate the operation of such concepts into the Company. There
can be no assurance that the Company will be able to identify
19
appropriate concepts or that such concepts will be available on terms and at
prices that will be attractive and profitable to the Company.
EXPANSION; DEPENDENCE ON FRANCHISEES AND DEVELOPERS
The Company's global strategy will depend heavily on growing its franchise
operations. At December 28, 1997, the Company franchised 1,574 Popeyes, Churchs
and Chesapeake restaurants domestically and 468 Popeyes and Churchs restaurants
internationally. The Company's success is dependent upon its franchisees and the
manner in which they develop and operate Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake
restaurants. As the Company expands it will also need to find new franchisees
who are capable of promoting the Company's strategy. The opening and success of
franchised restaurants will depend on various other factors, including the
availability of suitable sites, the negotiation of acceptable lease or purchase
terms for new locations, permitting and regulatory compliance, the ability to
meet construction schedules, the financial and other capabilities of the
Company's franchisees and developers, the ability of the Company to manage this
anticipated expansion and hire and train personnel, and general economic and
business conditions. Not all of the foregoing factors are within the control of
the Company or its franchisees or developers.
INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
As of December 28, 1997, the Company franchises 468 restaurants to
franchisees in 23 foreign countries and plans to expand its foreign franchising
program significantly in the future. There are no Chesapeake operations outside
the U.S. The Company does not own any property, operate any restaurants or have
equity ownership in any companies that are located in foreign countries.
Included in the Company's revenues are foreign franchise royalties and other
fees that are based, in part, on sales generated by its foreign franchised
restaurants, including a significant number of franchised restaurants in Asia.
Therefore, the Company is exposed, to a limited degree, to changes in
international economic conditions and currency fluctuations. The Company has not
historically and did not at the end of 1997 maintain any hedges against foreign
currency fluctuations. Losses recorded by the Company during the past three
years related to foreign currency fluctuations have not been material to the
Company's results of operations. For fiscal years 1995, 1996 and 1997, royalties
and other revenues from foreign franchisees represented 2.2%, 2.4% and 2.4%,
respectively, of total revenues of the Company.
FOOD SERVICE INDUSTRY
Food service businesses are often affected by changes in consumer tastes,
national, regional and local economic conditions, demographic trends, traffic
patterns and the type, number and location of competing restaurants. Multi-unit
food service chains such as Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake can also be
adversely affected by publicity resulting from food quality, illness, injury or
other health concerns or operating issues stemming from just one restaurant or a
limited number of restaurants.
20
Dependence on frequent deliveries of fresh food products also subjects food
service businesses such as the Company to the risk that shortages or
interruptions in supply caused by adverse weather or other conditions could
adversely affect the availability, quality and cost of ingredients. In addition,
material changes in, or the Company's or its franchisees' failure to comply
with, applicable Federal, state and local government regulations, and such
factors as inflation, increased food, labor and employee benefits costs, such as
the recent, Federally-mandated increase in the minimum wage, regional weather
conditions and the unavailability of experienced management and hourly employees
may also adversely affect the food service industry in general and the Company's
results of operations and financial condition in particular.
FLUCTUATIONS IN COST OF CHICKEN
The Company's and its franchisees' principal raw material is fresh chicken.
For both fiscal years ended December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997,
approximately 60% of the Company's restaurant cost of sales were attributable to
the purchase of fresh chicken. As a result, the Company is significantly
affected by increases in the cost of chicken, which can be affected by, among
other factors, the cost of grain and overseas demand for chicken products. Due
to extremely competitive conditions in the QSR industry, following increases in
raw material costs such as chicken, the Company has generally not raised retail
prices sufficiently to pass all such costs on to the consumer. While the
Company's purchase agreements with its fresh chicken suppliers generally provide
for a "ceiling", or highest price, and a "floor", or lowest price, that the
Company will pay for chicken over the contract term, the ceilings are generally
set at prices well above the current market price, exposing the Company to a
risk of price increases. Additionally, such supply contracts are generally for
one to two years, thereby exposing the Company to regular cost increases if the
price of fresh chicken continues to rise.
INSURANCE
The Company carries property, liability, business interruption, crime, and
workers' compensation insurance policies, which it believes are customary for
businesses of its size and type. Franchisees are also required to maintain
certain minimum standards of insurance with insurance companies satisfactory to
the Company pursuant to their franchise agreements, including commercial general
liability insurance, workers' compensation insurance, all risk property and
casualty insurance and automobile insurance. Under the current form of franchise
agreement, such insurance must be issued by insurers approved by the Company.
SEASONALITY
The Company has historically experienced the strongest operating results at
Popeyes, Churchs and Chesapeake restaurants during the summer months while
operating results have been somewhat lower during the winter season. Certain
holidays and inclement winter weather reduce the volume of consumer traffic at
quick-service restaurants and may impair the ability of certain restaurants to
conduct regular operations for short periods of time.
21
REGULATION
The Company is subject to various Federal, state and local laws affecting
its business, including various health, sanitation, fire and safety standards.
Newly constructed or remodeled restaurants are subject to state and local
building code and zoning requirements. In connection with the remodeling and
alteration of the Company's restaurants, the Company may be required to expend
funds to meet certain Federal, state and local regulations, including
regulations requiring that remodeled or altered restaurants be accessible to
persons with disabilities. Difficulties or failures in obtaining the required
licenses or approvals could delay or prevent the opening of new restaurants in
particular areas.
The Company is also subject to the Fair Labor Standards Act and various
state laws governing such matters as minimum wage requirements, overtime and
other working conditions and citizenship requirements. A significant number of
the Company's food service personnel are paid at rates related to the Federal
minimum wage and increases in the minimum wage, including those recently enacted
by the Federal government, have increased the Company's labor costs.
Certain states and the Federal Trade Commission require franchisors such as
the Company to transmit specified disclosure statements to potential franchisees
before granting a franchise. Additionally, some states require franchisors to
register their franchise with the state before it may offer a franchise. The
Company believes that its Uniform Franchise Offering Circulars (together with
any applicable state versions or supplements) comply with both the Federal Trade
Commission guidelines and all applicable state laws regulating franchising in
those states in which it has offered franchises. The Company is also subject to
various Federal, local and state laws regulating the discharge of pollutants
into the environment. The Company believes that it conducts its operations in
substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations as
well as other applicable laws and regulations governing its operations.
ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
Approximately 200 of the Company's owned and leased properties are known or
suspected to have been used by prior owners or operators as retail gas stations,
and a few of these properties may have been used for other environmentally
sensitive purposes. Many of these properties previously contained underground
storage tanks ("USTs") and some of these properties may currently contain
abandoned USTs. As a result of the use of oils and solvents typically associated
with automobile repair facilities and gas stations, it is possible that
petroleum products and other contaminants may have been released at these
properties into the soil or groundwater. Under applicable Federal and state
environmental laws, the Company, as the current owner or operator of these
sites, may be jointly and severally liable for the costs of investigation and
remediation of any such contamination. As a result, after an analysis of its
property portfolio, including testing of soil and groundwater at a
representative sample of its facilities, the Company believes it has accrued
adequate reserves for environmental remediation liabilities.
22
While the Company is currently not subject to any administrative or court order
requiring remediation at any of its properties, the Company is considering
active remediation at a limited number of facilities containing USTs.
EMPLOYEES AND PERSONNEL
As of December 28, 1997, the Company employed approximately 1,800 full-time
salaried employees and approximately 9,600 full-time and part-time hourly
employees. Of the Company's full-time salaried employees, 70 are involved in
overseeing restaurant operations, 1,300 are involved in the management of
individual restaurants and all remaining salaried employees are responsible for
corporate administration, franchise administration and business development.
None of the Company's employees are covered by a collective bargaining
agreement. The Company believes that the dedication of its employees is critical
to its success, and that its relationship with its employees is good.
23
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The Company either owns or leases the land and buildings for its Company-
operated restaurants. In addition, in certain circumstances, the Company owns
or leases land and buildings which it then leases or subleases to its
franchisees and third parties. While the Company expects to continue to lease
many of its sites in the future, the Company also may purchase the land and/or
buildings for restaurants to the extent acceptable terms are available. The
majority of the Company's restaurants are located in retail community shopping
centers and freestanding, well-trafficked locations.
Restaurants leased to the Company are typically leased under "triple net"
leases that require the Company to pay real estate taxes, maintenance costs and
insurance premiums and, in some cases, to pay percentage rent based on sales in
excess of specified amounts. Generally, the Company's leases have initial terms
of 20 years with options to renew for two additional five-year periods. Typical
leases or subleases by the Company to franchisees are triple net to the
franchisee, provide for a minimum rent, based upon prevailing market rental
rates, and have a term that usually coincides with the term of the franchise
agreement for the location, often being 20 years with renewal options. Such
leases are typically cross-defaulted against the corresponding franchise
agreement for that site.
The following table sets forth the locations by state of the Popeyes
Company-operated restaurants as of December 28, 1997:
Land
Land and and/or
Building Building
Owned Leased Total
-------- -------- -----
Texas.......................... 19 40 59
Louisiana...................... 3 36 39
Georgia........................ 2 19 21
-- -- ---
Total Popeyes................ 24 95 119
== == ===
24
The following table sets forth the locations by state of the Churchs
Company-operated restaurants as of December 28, 1997:
Land
Land and and/or
Building Building
Owned Leased Total
-------- -------- -----
Texas................... 147 99 246
Georgia................. 32 17 49
Louisiana............... 21 19 40
Alabama................. 23 11 34
Arizona................. 15 9 24
Florida................. 21 2 23
Mississippi............. 11 5 16
Oklahoma................ 15 1 16
Tennessee............... 11 1 12
New Mexico.............. 5 2 7
Missouri................ 6 - 6
Arkansas................ 4 1 5
Kansas.................. 2 - 2
--- --- ---
Total Churchs......... 313 167 480
=== === ===
The following table sets forth the locations by state of the Chesapeake
Company-operated restaurants as of December 28, 1997:
Land
Land and and/or
Building Building
Owned Leased Total
-------- -------- -----
Georgia............................... - 1 1
-------- -------- -----
Total Chesapeake..................... - 1 1
======== ======== =====
The Company's headquarters are located in approximately 102,000 square feet
of leased and subleased office space in Atlanta, Georgia. The leased space,
covering approximately 87,000 square feet, is subject to extensions through
2013, and the subleased space is subject to extensions through 2003. The
company's Popeyes division will be relocating to another facility in Atlanta,
Georgia starting July 1, 1998. The Company believes that its existing
headquarters provides sufficient space to support its current needs. The
Company's accounting and computer facilities and its Ultrafryer Systems
manufacturing facilities are located in San Antonio, Texas and are housed in
three buildings that are located on approximately 16 acres of land owned by the
Company.
Substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company are pledged
as collateral against the Company's bank credit facility (See Note 8 to the
Company's Consolidated Financial Statements).
25
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
In June 1996, the Company was named as a defendant to a certain lawsuit
commenced by Alvin C. Copeland and Diversified against Flavorite Laboratories,
Inc. ("Flavorite") alleging misappropriation of certain trade secrets and
tortious interference with contractual relations, among other things, with
respect to the formula used in the preparation of Popeyes fried chicken products
and the supply of certain ingredients used in such products. In June 1997, this
lawsuit was settled and, among other things, the parties agreed (a) to extend
the term of the existing Diversified supply agreement until March 2029, subject
to further renewal, and (b) that the Formula Agreement will be extended through
March 2029 at the monthly royalty rate in effect in 1999. See "Item 1.
Business --Suppliers" and "--Trademarks and Licenses".
In July 1997, CP Partnerships ("CP") filed a complaint against the Company
alleging patent infringement regarding the design of the proprietary gas fryer
manufactured by its Ultrafryer Systems division. Due to the early stages of
this dispute, the ultimate liability, if any, to the Company cannot be
quantified. It is management's belief that the final outcome will not have a
material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position or
results of operations.
While the Company is party to a number of other pending legal proceedings
that have arisen in the ordinary course of its business, management does not
believe that the Company is a party to any pending legal proceeding, the
resolution of which would have a material adverse effect on the Company's
financial condition or results of operations.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Not applicable.
26
PART II.
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCK-HOLDER MATTERS
There is no established public trading market for the common stock of the
Company. As of March 15, 1998, the number of record holders of the Company's
common stock was 34,448,604.
The Company has not declared or paid cash dividends to its shareholders.
The Company anticipates that all of its earnings in the near future will be
retained for the development and expansion of its business and, therefore, does
not anticipate paying dividends on its common stock in the foreseeable future.
Declaration of dividends on the common stock will depend, among other things,
upon levels of indebtedness, future earnings, the operating and financial
condition of the Company, its capital requirements and general business
conditions. The agreements governing the Company's indebtedness contain
provisions which restrict the ability of the Company to pay dividends on its
common stock. See "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources."
27
ITEM 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table sets forth selected historical consolidated financial
information for the Company for the periods and the dates indicated. The
balance sheet data and statement of operations data for the years ended December
26, 1993, December 25, 1994, December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996 and December
28, 1997 set forth below have been derived from the financial statements of the
Company, which have been audited by Arthur Andersen LLP, independent public
accountants. This selected historical consolidated financial information should
be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by (i)
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations" and (ii) the audited Consolidated Financial Statements for the
Company and the notes thereto, each of which is included elsewhere in this
report.
Year Ended (1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
December 26, December 25, December 31, December 29, December 28,
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
REVENUES:
Restaurant sales........ $ 379,745 $ 401,855 $ 426,707 $ 430,280 $ 403,285
Revenues from
franchising............ 37,198 41,581 47,916 51,336 63,650
Revenues from
manufacturing.......... 7,718 12,026 9,969 11,431 7,647
Other revenues.......... 9,029 8,252 8,320 8,005 8,766
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Total revenues......... 433,690 463,714 492,912 501,052 483,348
COSTS AND EXPENSES:
Restaurant cost of sales 118,997 133,893 139,286 142,199 131,374
Restaurant operating
expenses............... 207,303 206,862 215,391 212,579 197,803
Manufacturing cost of
sales.................. 8,401 11,705 7,273 8,867 5,032
General and
administrative......... 65,837 72,249 80,002 77,614 80,485
Executive compensation
award (2).............. - - 10,647 - -
Depreciation and
amortization........... 24,892 25,438 28,665 30,904 33,803
Gain on sale of fixed
assets from
AFDC transaction....... - - - - (5,319)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Total costs and
expenses............ 425,430 450,147 481,264 472,163 443,178
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS..... 8,260 13,567 11,648 28,889 40,170
OTHER EXPENSES:............
Interest, net........... 19,246 19,172 23,444 15,875 20,645
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
NET INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE
INCOME
TAXES AND EXTRAORDINARY
LOSS................... (10,986) (5,605) (11,796) 13,014 19,525
Income tax (expense)
benefit................ 3,216 553 2,969 (5,163) (8,525)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
NET INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE
EXTRAORDINARY LOSS....... (7,770) (5,052) (8,827) 7,851 11,000
Extraordinary loss, net
of taxes (3)............... (277) - - (4,456) -
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
NET INCOME (LOSS).......... (8,047) (5,052) (8,827) 3,395 11,000
8% Preferred Stock
dividends................. 4,460 4,467 4,555 1,316 -
10% Preferred Stock
dividends
payable in kind........... - - - 3,956 2,240
Accelerated accretion of
8% Preferred
Stock discount upon
retirement............... - - - 8,719 -
Accretion of 8% Preferred
Stock discount............ 1,967 2,250 2,571 813 -
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
NET INCOME (LOSS)
ATTRIBUTABLE
TO COMMON STOCK........... $ (14,474) $ (11,769) $ (15,953) $ (11,409) $ 8,760
============ ============ ============ ============ ============
OTHER FINANCIAL DATA:
EBITDA, as defined (4).. $ 34,731 $ 43,435 $ 55,342 $ 64,866 $ 74,017
EBITDA margin (5)....... 8.0% 9.4% 11.2% 12.9% 15.3%
28
CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY
(USED IN):
Operating activities.... 27,011 22,673 28,031 47,801 52,515
Investing activities.... (9,462) (11,493) (20,114) (29,388) (35,782)
Financing activities.... (19,147) (17,530) (10,721) (12,806) (2,985)
Cash capital
expenditures (6)
Maintenance capital
expenditures......... $ 6,808 $ 5,050 $ 5,483 $ 6,010 $ 7,756
Re-images and
renovation............ 2,985 10,267 15,502 15,342 13,356
New restaurant
development........... 1,831 1,999 2,272 3,215 4,588
Other.................. 5,979 3,496 1,739 9,384 16,436
Total cash capital
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
expenditures....... $ 17,603 $ 20,812 $ 24,996 $ 33,951 $ 42,136
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED
CHARGES (7)............... - - - 1.29% 1.64%
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Total assets............ $ 348,852 $ 327,494 $ 328,645 $ 339,668 $ 380,002
Total debt and capital
lease
obligations............. 201,810 193,646 204,025 151,793 243,882
Mandatorily redeemable
preferred
stock................... 41,647 43,897 46,468 59,956 -
Total shareholders equity
(deficit).............. 4,591 (6,707) (21,665) 37,902 48,459
RESTAURANT DATA
(UNAUDITED) (8):
Systemwide restaurant
sales (in thousands):
Popeyes................ $ 601,389 $ 649,880 $ 710,840 $ 762,108 $ 853,078
Churchs................ 552,629 590,261 647,746 675,996 723,988
Chesapeake Bagel....... - - - - 50,878
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Total................. $1,154,018 $ 1,240,141 $ 1,358,586 $ 1,438,104 $ 1,627,944
============ ============ ============ ============ ============
Systemwide restaurant
units:
Popeyes................ 814 907 964 1,021 1,131
Churchs................ 1,078 1,165 1,219 1,257 1,356
Chesapeake Bagel....... - - - - 155
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Total................. 1,892 2,072 2,183 2,278 2,642
============ ============ ============ ============ ============
Systemwide percentage
change
in comparable
restaurant sales(9):
Popeyes................ (0.4)% 1.4% 1.6% 1.1% 3.3%
Churchs................ 2.4% 4.8% 3.9% 2.8% 3.9%
Total commitments
outstanding,
end of period (10).... 668 1,047 1,083 1,319 1,715
(1) The company has a 52/53-week fiscal year ending on the last Sunday in
December which normally consists of 13 four-week periods. The fiscal year
ended December 31, 1995 included 53 weeks of operations.
(2) During 1995, the Board of Directors granted a special award of $10.0
million to the CEO of the Company and his designees contingent upon the
happening of certain events related to a recapitalization of the Company.
See "Item 11. Executive Compensation -- Note (2)". The award became payable
at the time of the Recapitalization. This award was paid in 1996 in
approximately 3.0 milion shares of the Company's common stock valued at
$3.317 per share, the market value of the Company's common stock at the
date of issuance. As a result of the Recapitalization, certain senior
executive officers became fully vested in certain stock options pursuant to
the terms of the 1992 Stock Option Plan resulting in a recognition of
$647,000 of compensation expense in 1995.
(3) The extraordinary loss recorded in fiscal years 1993 and 1996 represents
the loss associated with the prepayment of certain debt obligations of the
company, net of related income tax effects.
(4) EBITDA is defined as income from operations plus depreciation and
amortization; adjusted for non-cash items related to gains/losses on asset
dispositions and write-downs, compensation expense related to stock option
activity (deferred compensation), the executive compensation award (see
Note 2) and non-cash officer notes receivable items related to the
executive compensation award. EBITDA, as defined, should not be construed
as a substitute for income from operations or as a better indicator of
liquidity than cash flow from operating activities, which is determined in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. EBITDA, as
defined, is included herein to provide additional information with respect
to the ability of the Company to meet its future debt service, capital
expenditure and working capital requirements. In addition, management
believes that certain investors find EBITDA, as defined, to be a useful
tool for measuring the ability of the Company to service its debt. EBITDA,
as defined, is not necessarily a measure of the Company's ability to fund
its cash needs. See the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows of the
Company and the related Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
thereto attached.
(5) EBITDA margin represents EBITDA, as defined, divided by total revenues.
29
(6) Capital expenditures (excluding expenditures funded through capital leases)
have been segregated into the following categories to provide additional
information:
. Maintenance capital expenditures-represents day to day expenditures
related to restaurant equipment replacements and general restaurant
capital improvements.
. Re-images and renovation-represents significant restaurant renovations
and upgrades pursuant to the Company's re-imaging and renovation
activities.
. New restaurant development-represents new Company-operated restaurant
construction and development.
. Other-represents capital expenditures, at various corporate offices
and new restaurant equipment such as fryers and security systems.
(7) The company had a deficiency of earnings to fixed charges for the fiscal
years December 26, 1993, December 25, 1994 and December 31, 1995, of
approximately $11,128,000, $5,869,000 and $12,284,000, respectively.
Earnings consist of income (loss) before taxes, plus fixed charges
(excluding capitalized interest). Fixed charges consist of interest
expense, amortization of debt issuance cost and debt discount, preferred
stock dividend requirements and accretion (including related tax effects),
and one-third of rent expense on operating leases considered representative
of the interest factor attributable to rent expense.
(8) Represents restaurant sales for all franchised and Company-operated
restaurants. Sales information for franchised restaurants is as reported by
franchisees or, in some instances, estimated by the Company based on other
data, and is unaudited.
(9) Comparable sales figures are not provided for Chesapeake Bagel for the
periods presented, since the Company did not acquire the franchise rights
until May 1997.
(10) Commitments represent commitments to open franchised restaurants, as set
forth in development agreements. On a historical basis, a number of such
commitments have not resulted in restaurant openings. There can be no
assurance that parties to development agreements will open their respective
number of restaurants.
30
ITEMS 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within
the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and
Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such
forward-looking statements relate to the plans, objectives and expectations of
the Company for future operations. In light of the risks and uncertainties
inherent in any discussion of the Company's expected future performance or
operations, the inclusion of forward-looking statements in this report should
not be regarded as a representation by the Company or any other person that
these will be realized. Such performance could be materially affected by a
number of factors, including without limitation those factors set forth in the
"Item 1. Business" section in this filing.
ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
AFDC TRANSACTION
On March 24, 1997 the Company closed a transaction (the "AFDC Transaction")
with Atlanta Franchise Development Company ("AFDC") whereby the Company sold the
rights to operate 100 previously Company-operated Churchs restaurants in eight
domestic markets to AFDC, which is now the Company's largest domestic
franchisee. The Company also sold the land, building and equipment for 51 of
these restaurants, and it sold the building and equipment and leased the land
for 49 of the restaurants to AFDC. The Company received approximately $19.9
million in cash, along with a warrant to acquire, for nominal consideration, a
5.0% equity interest in AFDC. In connection with the AFDC Transaction, AFDC has
committed to (i) re-image and renovate all 100 restaurants, (ii) develop 100
additional Churchs restaurants and (iii) install new point-of-sale systems at
all of its restaurants. As a result of this transaction, the Company recorded
$2.5 million in franchise fees and approximately $5.3 million of gain associated
with the sale of the property in the second quarter of 1997. Included in the
$19.9 million payment was $1.0 million representing the development fees on the
additional 100 Churchs restaurants which will be developed by AFDC over the next
ten years. These development fees were deferred and will be taken into income as
the restaurants open.
During 1996, these restaurants contributed $54.4 million in sales and $5.0
million in income to operations to the Company. Based upon 1996 sales figures,
the Company would have received approximately $2.4 million in royalty fees and
$0.6 million in rental income from AFDC during 1996 had these restaurants been
franchised units. The Company's capital expenditures were reduced by
approximately $11.0 million in 1997 because the planned re-imaging and
renovation of these restaurants will be funded by AFDC. Management believes it
is unlikely that the Company will originate another sale of restaurants of this
magnitude in the foreseeable future.
31
CHESAPEAKE BAGEL ACQUISITION
On May 5, 1997, the Company acquired the franchise business and rights of
Chesapeake Bagel from The American Bagel Company. As a result of this
acquisition, the Company became the franchisor of 158 franchised Chesapeake
restaurants located primarily in Washington D.C., Maryland and Virginia. The net
purchase price of the acquisition was approximately $11.8 million, plus a
potential earn out of up to $3.5 million, contingent upon the number of
restaurants which open over the next five years out of the existing pool of
franchise commitments. Substantially all of the purchase price was allocated to
intangible assets including franchise rights and trademarks. Based upon 1996
unaudited financial information received from Chesapeake ,royalty revenue and
operating income generated from this acquisition would have been approximately
$2.0 million and $0.6 million, respectively, had Chesapeake been owned by the
Company in 1996.
PINETREE FOODS ACQUISITION
On February 10, 1998 the Company acquired the assets of Pinetree Foods,
Inc. ("Pinetree") based in Asheville, North Carolina. The assets of Pinetree
included 81 franchised restaurant units located primarily in North Carolina,
South Carolina and Georgia. The assets were acquired in cash for a total
purchase price of $24.3 million, with a significant portion of the purchase
price allocated to an intangible asset - goodwill. The Company borrowed $16.0
million under its $100.0 million acquisition facility in order to complete the
transaction. A majority of the restaurant units will be converted from their
current franchised brand into Company-operated Popeyes. The remaining
restaurant units will be closed. The acquisition will provide Popeyes with an
opportunity to grow in geographical areas in which it formerly had little or no
presence.
SEATTLE COFFEE COMPANY ACQUISITION
On March 18, 1998, the Company acquired all of Seattle Coffee Company's
("SCC") common stock for a purchase price of approximately $70 million plus the
assumption of approximately $5 million of debt. The Company paid approximately
$41 million in cash funded by its Acquisition Facility (See Note 8 to the
consolidated financial statements) and approximately $29 million in AFC common
stock. Included in the purchase price is a contingent payment up to $3.8
million, based upon SCC operations achieving a level of earnings, as defined in
the agreement, over a 52-week period from October 1, 1997 to September 30, 1998.
SCC has two wholly-owned operating subsidiaries, Seattle's Best Coffee,
Inc. and Torrefazione Italia, Inc. As a result of the merger, AFC will acquire
(i) a coffee roasting and packaging facility, (ii) 58 Company-operated cafes
32
and 10 franchised cafes under the Seattle's Best and Torrefazione Italia brands,
(iii) a wholesale business (including 13 offices) and more than 5,000 wholesale
accounts and (iv) a soon-to-be-opened Chicago distribution center.
OPERATING RESULTS
REVENUES
The Company's revenues consist primarily of four elements: (i) restaurant
sales at Company-operated restaurants, (ii) revenues from franchising, (iii)
revenues from manufacturing and (iv) other revenues.
RESTAURANT SALES. The Company's restaurant sales consist of gross cash
register receipts at Company-operated restaurants, net of sales tax.
REVENUES FROM FRANCHISING. The Company earns franchise revenues through
three types of agreements: (i) domestic development agreements, (ii)
international development agreements and (iii) franchise agreements. Domestic
development fees, international development fees and franchise fees are recorded
as deferred revenues when received and are recognized as revenue when the
restaurants covered by the fees are opened and/or all material services or
conditions relating to the fees have been substantially performed or satisfied
by the Company. The Company's standard franchise agreement also includes the
payment of a royalty fee based on net restaurant sales of franchisees. The
Company benefits from increases in franchised restaurant sales since it collects
a percentage of sales as royalties from franchisees. The royalty percentages
vary by franchisee, depending on the franchise agreement, with an average
royalty of approximately 4.4%. See "Item 1. Business--Franchise Development".
REVENUES FROM MANUFACTURING. The Company's revenues from manufacturing
consist primarily of sales of proprietary fryers and other custom-fabricated
restaurant equipment from its manufacturing business to distributors and
franchisees.
OTHER REVENUES. The Company's other revenues consist of net rental income
from properties owned and leased by the Company which are leased or subleased to
franchisees and third parties and interest income earned on notes receivable
from franchisees and third parties.
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES
RESTAURANT COST OF SALES. The Company's cost of sales consists of food and
paper costs (including napkins, straws, plates, take-out bags and boxes). The
primary elements affecting cost of sales are sales volumes and chicken prices.
Other factors such as the Company's menu pricing, product mix, the amount of
dark meat purchased and promotional activities can also materially affect the
level of cost of sales as well as cost of
33
sales as a percentage of restaurant sales. Chicken prices are seasonal and are
normally higher during the summer months when demand for chicken is at its peak.
RESTAURANT OPERATING EXPENSES. Restaurant operating expenses are comprised
of personnel expenses, occupancy expenses, marketing expenses and other
operating expenses incurred at the restaurant level.
MANUFACTURING COST OF SALES. Manufacturing cost of sales represent the
cost of raw materials and direct labor used to manufacture the restaurant
equipment sold to franchisees and third parties and direct manufacturing
overhead applied during the manufacturing process.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE. The Company's general and administrative
expenses consist of personnel expenses, occupancy expenses and other expenses
incurred at the corporate level. Corporate level expenses are primarily incurred
at the corporate offices of the Company in Atlanta, Georgia and San Antonio,
Texas along with those incurred by field executives located throughout the
United States.
DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION. The Company's depreciation consists of the
depreciation of buildings, leasehold improvements and equipment owned by the
Company, and amortization consists mainly of the amortization of intangible
assets.
34
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table presents selected revenues and expenses as a percentage
of total revenues for the Company's audited Consolidated Statements of
Operations for the fiscal years ended December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996 and
December 28, 1997.
PERCENTAGE RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Year Ended (1)
------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, December 29, December 28,
1995 1996 1997
---- ---- ----
REVENUES:
Restaurant sales................... 86.6 % 85.9 % 83.4 %
Revenues from franchising.......... 9.7 10.2 13.2
Revenues from manufacturing........ 2.0 2.3 1.6
Other revenues..................... 1.7 1.6 1.8
------- ------- -------
Total revenues.................... 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
------- ------- -------
COSTS AND EXPENSES:
Restaurant cost of sales (1)....... 32.6 % 33.0 % 32.6 %
Restaurant operating expenses (1).. 50.5 49.4 49.0
Manufacturing cost of sales (2).... 73.0 77.2 65.8
General and administrative......... 16.2 15.5 16.7
Depreciation and amortization...... 5.8 6.2 7.0
Executive compensation award....... 2.2
Gain on sale of fixed assets from
AFDC transaction.................. - - (1.1)
Total costs and expenses.......... 97.6 94.2 91.7
Income from operations.............. 2.4 5.8 8.3
Interest expense, net............... 4.7 3.2 4.3
Net income before extraordinary
loss and taxes..................... (2.3) 2.6 4.0
Income tax expense/(benefit)........ (0.6) 1.0 1.8
Net income before
extraordinary items................ (1.7) % 1.6 % 2.2 %
(1) Expressed as a percentage of restaurant sales by Company-operated
restaurants.
(2) Expressed as a percentage of revenues from manufacturing.
35
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table sets forth certain financial information and other
restaurant data relating to Company-operated and franchised restaurants (as
reported to the Company by franchisees) for the fiscal years ended December
31, 1995, December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997:
Year Ended
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, December 29, % Change December 28, % Change
1995 1996 1995 - 1996 1997 1996 - 1997
------------ ------------ ----------- ------------ -----------
(dollars in millions)
EBITDA, as defined (1)....................... $ 55.3 $ 64.9 17.2 % $ 74.0 14.1 %
Capital Expenditures......................... 37.8 46.3 22.3 62.9 36.0
Restaurant data (unaudited):
Systemwide restaurant sales:
Popeyes.......................... $ 710.8 $ 762.1 7.2 % $ 853.0 11.9 %
Churchs.......................... 647.8 676.0 4.4 724.0 7.1
Chesapeake....................... N/A N/A N/A 50.9 N/A
------------ ------------ ------------
Total......................... $ 1,358.6 $ 1,438.1 5.9 % $ 1,627.9 13.2 %
============ ============ ============
Systemwide restaurant openings:
Popeyes.......................... 105 110 46.8 % 137 24.6 %
Churchs.......................... 81 117 44.4 132 12.8
Chesapeake....................... N/A N/A N/A 27 N/A
------------ ------------ ------------
Total......................... 186 227 22.0 % 296 30.4 %
============ ============ ============
Systemwide restaurants open,
end of period:
Popeyes.......................... 964 1,021 5.9 1,131 10.8 %
Churchs.......................... 1,219 1,257 3.1 1,356 7.9
Chesapeake....................... N/A N/A N/A 155 N/A
------------ ------------ ------------
Total 2,183 2,278 4.4 % 2,642 16.0 %
============ ============ ============
Systemwide percentage change in
comparable restaurant sales(2):..
Popeyes.......................... 1.6% 1.1% 3.3%
Churchs.......................... 3.9 2.8 3.9
(1) EBITDA is defined as income from operations plus depreciation and
amortization; adjusted for non-cash items related to gains/losses on asset
dispositions and write-downs, compensation expense related to stock option
activity (deferred compensation), the executive compensation award and non-
cash officer notes receivable items related to the executive compensation
award.
(2) Comparable sales figures are not provided for Chesapeake for the periods
presented, since the Company did not acquire the franchise rights until May
1997.
36
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 28, 1997 AND DECEMBER 29, 1996
Certain items relating to prior periods have been reclassified to conform with
current presentation.
REVENUES
Total revenues decreased 3.5%, or $17.7 million, during the fiscal year
ended December 28, 1997, as compared to the fiscal year ended December 29, 1996.
RESTAURANT SALES. Restaurant sales decreased 6.3%, or $27.0 million, from
the prior year. The decrease was primarily attributable to the sale of the 100
AFDC restaurants. These restaurants reported restaurant sales of $43.4 million
during the last three quarters of 1996. The overall sales decrease was
partially offset by an increase in comparable sales for the remaining Company-
operated restaurants of 5.1% for the year.
REVENUES FROM FRANCHISING. Revenues from franchising increased $12.3
million or 24.0% from the prior year. Franchise royalty revenue increased $9.4
million or 21.3% and franchise fees increased $2.9 million or 40.3%. The
increase in franchise royalty revenue was attributable to several factors,
including but not limited to, royalty revenues recorded for 100 restaurants
franchised in connection with the AFDC Transaction, royalty revenues recorded
for franchised Chesapeake restaurants acquired from The American Bagel Company
in 1997, an increase in the number of franchised restaurants and comparable
sales increases for domestic and international franchised restaurants. The
increase in franchise fees was primarily attributable to franchise fees of $2.5
million recorded in connection with the AFDC Transaction.
REVENUES FROM MANUFACTURING. Revenues from manufacturing decreased 33.3%,
or $3.8 million for the fiscal year ended December 28, 1997, as compared to the
fiscal year ended December 29, 1996. The decrease was primarily attributable to
a decrease in the sale of smallwares. The Company sold its distribution
business during the first half of 1996.
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES
RESTAURANT COST OF SALES. Cost of sales for the year decreased 7.6% or
$10.8 million from the prior year. The decrease was primarily attributable to a
decrease in restaurant sales. Expressed as a percentage of restaurant sales,
cost of sales were 32.6% for the fiscal year ended December 28, 1997, compared
to 33.0% for the fiscal year ended December 29, 1996. The decrease in the
percentage was attributable to (i) small menu price increases taken in late 1996
and early 1997, (ii) usage reductions in paper items and shortening and (iii)
favorable pricing on certain non-poultry food items.
RESTAURANT OPERATING EXPENSES. Restaurant operating expenses for the
fiscal year ended December 28, 1997 decreased $14.8 million or 7.0% from the
corresponding
37
period in 1996. The decrease in restaurant operating expenses was primarily
attributable to the sale of the 100 AFDC restaurants. Restaurant operating
expenses as a percentage of restaurant sales were 49.0% for 1997, compared to
49.4% for 1996. Personnel expenses expressed as a percentage of restaurant sales
was 28.6% for the 1997 fiscal year, versus 28.3% for the 1996 fiscal year. The
increase in personnel costs as a percentage of restaurant sales was primarily
due to increases in the minimum wage levels effective October 1, 1996 and
September 1, 1997. Marketing expenses expressed as a percentage of restaurant
sales was 7.7% for fiscal year 1997, versus 7.8% for fiscal year 1996. The
decrease in the percentage was primarily due to lower food discount costs. Other
restaurant operating costs expressed as a percentage of sales was 12.7% for the
1997 fiscal year, versus 13.3% for the 1996 fiscal year. The decrease in the
percentage was primarily due to decreases in utility costs resulting from the
installation of more energy efficient gas fryers in Company-operated
restaurants.
MANUFACTURING COST OF SALES. Manufacturing cost of sales decreased 43.2%
or $3.8 million, for the fiscal year ended December 28, 1997, compared to the
fiscal year ended December 29, 1996. The decrease was primarily attributable to
the decrease in manufacturing revenues during fiscal year 1997 compared to
fiscal year 1996.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES. General and administrative expenses
increased $2.9 million or 3.7% during 1997 compared to the prior year. As a
percentage of total revenues, general and administrative expenses increased from
15.5% for fiscal year 1996 to 16.7% for fiscal year 1997. The increase in
general and administrative expenses was due to a number of factors including,
but not limited to, asset writedowns of software costs, overhead costs
associated with the Chesapeake brand, an increase in franchise development
marketing costs, costs associated with acquisition activity, costs associated
with information technology initiatives, and deferred compensation expenses
related to employee stock options. Partially offsetting these increases were
decreases in legal/professional fees and insurance costs.
DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION. Depreciation and amortization increased
$2.9 million or 9.4% from the prior year. Depreciation and amortization as a
percentage of total revenues increased from 6.2% to 7.0% from the previous to
the current year. The increase was primarily due to fixed asset additions made
during this period totaling $62.9 million plus the amortization expense on the
intangible asset resulting from the Chesapeake acquisition in 1997. Partially
offsetting the increase was a decrease in depreciation expense associated with
the sale of 100 restaurants to AFDC. Overall, net fixed assets of $207.8 million
at fiscal year ended December 28, 1997 were up 9.8% over net fixed assets of
$189.2 million at fiscal year ended December 29, 1996.
NET INTEREST EXPENSE. Interest expense, net of capitalized interest, for
the year ended December 28, 1997 was $20.6 million, compared to $15.9 million
for the year ended December 29, 1996. The $4.7 million increase in interest
expense was due to higher levels of average debt outstanding and higher
effective interest rates during 1997 as compared with the prior year. The
increase in average debt outstanding was primarily
38
attributable to the refinancing transaction completed during the second quarter
of 1997 (see " -Liquidity"). The refinancing transaction also led to higher
effective interest rates during 1997, versus the prior year.
INCOME TAXES. The Company's effective tax rate for the year ended December
29, 1997 was 43.9%, compared to an effective tax rate of 42.3% (including tax
benefits recorded with respect to the extraordinary loss) for the year ended
December 28, 1996.
EXTRAORDINARY LOSS. During the second quarter of 1996 the Company
completed a refinancing whereby it sold 21.1 million shares of its common stock
for $70.0 million. Proceeds from the sale of stock were used, in part, to
retire $65.0 million of the Company's existing debt. As a result, the Company
recognized an extraordinary loss on the early retirement of debt (net of income
taxes) in the amount of $4.4 million during the fiscal year ended December 29,
1996. Unamortized debt discounts written off in connection with the early
retirement of debt totaled $7.1 million.
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 29, 1996 (52 WEEKS) AND DECEMBER 31, 1995 (53 WEEKS)
Certain items relating to prior periods have been reclassified to conform with
current presentation.
REVENUES
Total revenues increased 1.6%, or $8.1 million, during the fiscal year
ended December 29, 1996, as compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 1995.
RESTAURANT SALES. Restaurant sales increased 0.8%, or $3.6 million, from
the prior year. The increase in total restaurant sales is attributable to
several factors including an increase in comparable sales and an increase in the
number of Company-operated restaurants. Comparable sales, computed without
regard to the extra week, increased by 2.9% for fiscal year 1996. At December
29, 1996, the Company operated 742 restaurants, compared to a total of 706
restaurants at December 31, 1995. The increase in restaurant sales from 1995 to
1996 was adversely affected by the fact that 1995 had 53 weeks of sales
activity, while 1996 had 52 weeks of sales activity.
REVENUES FROM FRANCHISING. Revenues from franchising increased $3.4
million or 7.1% from the prior year. Franchise royalty revenue increased $2.6
million or 6.3% and franchise fees increased $0.8 million or 12.5%. The
increase in franchise royalty revenue was attributable to several factors
including an increase in the number of franchised restaurants and a comparable
sales increase of 2.3% for domestic franchised restaurants. At December 29,
1996, franchisees operated 1,536 restaurants, compared to 1,477 at December 31,
1995. The increase in franchise fees was primarily attributable to the increase
in the number of franchised restaurant openings. Franchised restaurant openings
for the fiscal year ended December 29, 1996 totaled 226, compared to franchised
restaurant openings for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1995 of 178.
39
REVENUES FROM MANUFACTURING. Revenues from manufacturing increased 14.0%,
or $1.4 million, for the fiscal year ended December 29, 1996 compared to the
fiscal year ended December 31, 1995. The increase in revenues is primarily
attributable to an increase in sales of proprietary fryers to franchised
restaurants and others in the QSR industry. This increase was partially offset
by a decrease in sales of smallwares. The Company sold its distribution
business during the first half of 1996.
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES
RESTAURANT COST OF SALES. Cost of sales increased 2.1% or $2.9 million
from the prior year, primarily due to higher restaurant sales and higher chicken
prices. The Company's chicken prices per pound averaged $0.551 during fiscal
year 1995, while the price paid by the Company during fiscal 1996 averaged $.603
per pound. Expressed as a percentage of restaurant sales, cost of sales were
33.0% for the year ended December 29, 1996 and 32.6% for the year ended December
31, 1995.
RESTAURANT OPERATING EXPENSES. Restaurant operating expenses decreased
$2.8 million or 1.3% from the corresponding period in 1995. Restaurant
operating expenses as a percentage of restaurant sales were 49.4% for fiscal
year 1996, compared to 50.5% for fiscal year 1995. Personnel expenses were down
$2.7 million or 2.2% from the prior year. Personnel expenses expressed as a
percentage of restaurant sales was 28.3% for the year ended December 29, 1996
and 29.1% for the year ended December 31, 1995. The decrease in personnel
expenses was primarily due to reductions in medical insurance and workers'
compensation costs. Management implemented a number of changes to the Company's
insurance programs during 1995 and 1996, which resulted in a decrease in
insurance claims and premiums during 1996. Partially offsetting this decrease
was an increase in personnel expenses due to the increase in minimum wage
levels. Marketing expenses were up $1.6 million or 5.0% over the prior year,
primarily due to an increase in food discount promotions used during 1996 to
stimulate sales. Other restaurant operating costs were down $1.7 million or
2.9% from the prior year. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease
in insurance expense from fiscal year 1996 to fiscal year 1997.
MANUFACTURING COST OF SALES. Manufacturing cost of sales increased 20.5%,
or $1.5 million, for the year ended December 29, 1996 compared to the year ended
December 31, 1995. The increase is primarily attributable to the increase in
revenues from manufacturing during 1996.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES. General and administrative expenses,
including the executive compensation award, decreased $13.0 million or 14.4%
during fiscal year 1996 compared to fiscal year 1995. As a percentage of total
revenues, general and administrative expenses decreased from 18.4% for the
fiscal year 1995 to 15.5% for the fiscal year 1996. The decrease was a result
of a one-time non-cash charge recorded during fiscal year 1995, as well as
reductions in medical insurance costs and information technology costs. In
1995, the Company recorded a one-time charge related to a special
40
compensation award of $10.0 million payable in cash or common stock, at the
election of the recipient, to the senior management group of the Company in
recognition of exemplary performance provided to the Company since 1992. Medical
insurance costs in 1996 were $1.0 million less than the prior year due to
reductions in medical claims and premiums paid as a result of a new medical
insurance program put in place during late 1995. Operating expenses related to
the management information systems contract with IBM Global Services, a division
of IBM ("IGS") decreased $2.0 million in 1996 compared to 1995, as old
management information systems were replaced by more efficient new systems.
Operating expenses under the information technology contract are scheduled to
decline as new equipment and systems are installed.
DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION. Depreciation and amortization increased $2.2
million or 7.7% from the prior year. Depreciation and amortization as a
percentage of total revenues increased from 5.8% to 6.2% from the fiscal year
ended December 31, 1995 to the fiscal year ended December 29, 1996. The increase
is primarily due to an increase in depreciation, driven by fixed asset additions
made during 1996 totaling $46.4 million. Net fixed assets at December 29, 1996
totaled $189.2 million, which was 8.7% greater than net fixed assets at December
31, 1995 of $174.1 million.
NET INTEREST EXPENSE. Interest expense, net of capitalized interest, for
the fiscal year ended December 29, 1996 was $15.9 million, compared to $23.4
million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1995. The decrease was primarily
attributable to the recapitalization that occurred during the second quarter of
1996. As a result of the recapitalization, the Company retired approximately
$65.0 million of its long-term debt during 1996.
INCOME TAXES. The Company's effective tax rate (including tax benefits
recorded with respect to the extraordinary loss) for fiscal year ended December
29, 1996 was 42.3%, compared to (25.2)% for fiscal year ended December 31, 1995.
A reconciliation of the Federal statutory rate to the Company's effective tax
rate began with a federal tax expense rate of 34.0% for fiscal year 1996 and a
federal tax benefit rate of (34.0)% for fiscal year 1995. Other tax rate
adjustments (including nondeductible expenses and state/foreign tax expenses)
used in the tax rate reconciliation totaled 8.3% and 8.8% for fiscal years 1996
and 1995, respectively.
EXTRAORDINARY LOSS. During the second quarter of 1996 the Company
completed a refinancing whereby it sold 21.1 million shares of its common stock
for $70.0 million. Proceeds from the sale of stock were used, in part, to
retire $65.0 million of the Company's existing debt. As a result, the Company
recognized an extraordinary loss on the early retirement of debt (net of income
taxes) in the amount of $4.4 million during the fiscal year ended December 29,
1996. Unamortized debt discounts written off in connection with the early
retirement of debt totaled $7.1 million.
41
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
LIQUIDITY
The Company has financed its business activities primarily with funds
generated from operating activities, proceeds from the sale of shares of common
stock, proceeds from long-term debt and a revolving line of credit and proceeds
from the sale of certain Company-operated restaurants.
Available cash and cash equivalents, net of bank overdrafts, as of December
28, 1997 was $23.2 million, compared to $8.4 million and $5.5 million at
December 29, 1996 and December 31, 1995, respectively. Net cash provided by
operating activities for the fiscal years ended December 28, 1997, December 29,
1996 and December 31, 1995 was $52.5 million, $47.8 million and $28.0 million,
respectively. Increases in net cash provided by operating activities for the
above periods were primarily attributable to increases in income from
operations.
The Company's working capital deficit as of December 28, 1997, December 29,
1996 and December 31, 1995 was approximately $17.8 million, $29.5 million and
$26.6 million, respectively. Both the increase in available cash and cash
equivalents, net of bank overdrafts and the decrease in working capital deficits
from December 29, 1996 to December 28, 1997 were primarily due to net proceeds
received in the debt refinancing transaction.
In May 1997, the Company completed a debt offering of $175.0 million of
Senior Subordinated Notes (the "Notes"). The proceeds from the Notes were used,
in part, to repay the existing balances under the Company's previous credit
facilities, repay and retire the Company's 10% Preferred Stock and repay certain
capital lease obligations. In connection with this debt offering,
the Company also entered into a new $175.0 million Senior Secured Credit
Facility whereby the Company was provided with a $50.0 million term loan, a
$25.0 million revolving credit facility and a $100.0 million facility to be used
for future acquisitions. Under the terms of the revolving credit facility, the
Company may borrow and obtain letters of credit up to an aggregate of $25.0
million. At December 28, 1997, the Company had $13.1 million in outstanding
letters of credit and $11.9 million available for short-term borrowings under
the revolving credit facility. Also at December 28, 1997, $100.0 million was
available for borrowings under the acquisition facility.
In August 1997, the $175.0 million of the Notes referred to above were
exchanged for $175.0 million of publicly registered 10.25% Senior Subordinated
Notes and contain substantially the same provisions as the Notes.
In August 1997, the Company secured a revolving line of credit of up to
$15.0 million to provide financing for the Company's Turnkey Development
Program. See
42
"Item 1. Business -- Turnkey Development". Upon meeting certain conditions, the
financing agreement has a provision in which the revolving line of credit can be
converted into a four-year term loan beginning in February 1999. The agreement
also provides for permanent financing in the event a Turnkey unit is sold to a
franchisee. As of December 28, 1997, the Company had not drawn any funds against
the revolving line of credit. The Company expects to have up to 30 sites in
various stages of development during 1998 under the Turnkey Program. Based upon
its estimates of the costs associated with developing Turnkey Program
properties, the Company believes that resources provided from operating
activities in addition to those provided by the revolving line of credit will be
adequate to finance the ongoing Turnkey Program in the near term. As restaurants
are completed, the Company intends to sell the properties to franchisees and use
the proceeds to reduce the outstanding balance on the revolving line of credit.
However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to sell
properties developed under the Turnkey Program. The Company intends to operate
completed Turnkey units until the time they are sold. If not sold, the Turnkey
units will become Company-operated restaurants. The Company believes that
proceeds from the sales of the properties as they are developed over time should
be adequate to finance the Turnkey Program over time.
On February 10, 1998 the Company acquired the assets of Pinetree Foods,
Inc. ("Pinetree") based in Asheville, North Carolina. The assets of Pinetree
included 81 franchised restaurant units located primarily in North Carolina,
South Carolina and Georgia. The assets were acquired in cash for a total
purchase price of $24.3 million. The Company borrowed $16.0 million under its
$100.0 million acquisition facility in order to complete the transaction.
On March 18, 1998, the Company acquired all of Seattle Coffee Company's
("SCC") common stock for a purchase price of approximately $70 million plus the
assumption of approximately $5 million of debt. The Company paid approximately
$41 million in cash funded by its Acquisition Facility (See Note 8 to the
consolidated financial statements) and approximately $29 million in AFC common
stock. Included in the purchase price is a contingent payment up to $3.8
million, based upon SCC operations achieving a level of earnings, as defined in
the agreement, over a 52-week period from October 1, 1997 to September 30, 1998.
During the year ended December 28, 1997, the Company invested in various
capital projects totaling $62.9 million. During this period the Company invested
$13.4 million in its re-imaging and renovation program, $4.6 million for new
restaurant construction and $33.3 million in new management information systems.
In addition, during 1997 the Company invested $11.6 million in other capital
assets to update, replace and extend the lives of restaurant equipment and
facilities and complete other minor projects. Approximately $20.8 million of the
above capital projects were financed through capital lease obligations during
fiscal 1997. The remaining capital projects were
43
financed primarily through cash flows provided from normal operating activities
and proceeds from the sale of certain Company-operated restaurants.
The Company expects total capital expenditures for its brands and
administrative functions existing as of December 28, 1997 to be approximately
$35.0 - $40.0 million during fiscal year 1998. These capital expenditures are
primarily for the development of additional Company-owned restaurants, re-
imaging and renovating existing restaurants, addition of new management
information systems and updating, replacing and extending the lives of
restaurant equipment and facilities. The Company expects to fund these capital
expenditures through cash flows provided from normal operating activities.
The Company entered into an agreement with IGS commencing in August 1994,
for a ten-year term, to outsource the Company's information technology,
programming and computer operations. This agreement allows the Company to update
its corporate and restaurant systems with state-of-the-art computer hardware and
software. IGS purchases the hardware and software, performs applications
development and maintains and provides administrative, management and support
functions. Future minimum payments under the remaining term of this agreement,
exclusive of payments included as capital lease payments for systems installed
to date, approximates $39.3 million as of December 28, 1997.
Based upon the current level of operations and anticipated growth,
management of the Company believes that available cash flow, together with the
available borrowings under the Senior Secured Credit Facility and other sources
of liquidity, will be adequate to meet the Company's anticipated future
requirements for working capital, capital expenditures and scheduled payments
under the Senior Subordinated Notes and the Senior Secured Credit Facility.
NET OPERATING LOSSES AND TAX CREDIT CARRYFORWARDS
As of December 28, 1997, the Company has recognized net operating losses
("NOLs") and tax credit carryforwards in the amounts of $7.7 million and $3.8
million, respectively, against its net deferred tax liabilities. The Company's
NOLs of $7.7 million expire in 2005, and the $3.8 million of tax credit
carryforwards expire from 2001 through 2012. The Internal Revenue Service has
not reviewed the Company's federal income tax returns for years past 1990.
On November 5, 1992, the Company acquired its current business from a
debtor in a bankruptcy reorganization. This reorganization constituted an
"ownership change" under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended. As a result, utilization of the pre-November 5, 1992 NOLs and tax
credit carryforwards (if any) is subject to an annual limit of approximately
$4.0 million of NOLs or $1.4 million of credits (but not both). The Company
believes that the Section 382 limitations arising
44
from the November 5, 1992 ownership change or any subsequent ownership changes
should not prevent the ultimate utilization of any existing NOLs and the tax
credit carryforwards (arising both before and after November 5, 1992) before
they expire.
IMPACT OF INFLATION
The Company believes that, over time, it has generally been able to pass
along inflationary increases in its costs through increased prices of its menu
items. Accordingly, the effects of inflation on the Company's net income
historically have not been, nor are such effects expected to be, materially
adverse. Due to competitive pressures, however, increases in prices of menu
items often lag inflationary increases in costs. See "Item 1. Business--
Fluctuations in Cost of Chicken".
SEASONALITY
The Company has historically experienced the strongest operating results at
both Popeyes and Churchs restaurants during the summer months while operating
results have been somewhat lower during the winter season. Certain holidays and
inclement winter weather reduce the volume of consumer traffic at quick-service
restaurants and may impair the ability of certain restaurants to conduct regular
operations for short periods of time.
45
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
The Company has included the financial statements and supplementary
financial information required by this item immediately following Part IV of
this report and hereby incorporates by reference the relevant portions of those
statements and information into this Item 8.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
No disagreements between the Company and its accountants have occurred
within the 24-month period prior to the date of the Company's most recent
financial statements.
46
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The directors, executive officers and senior management of AFC are listed
below.
Name Age Position
---- --- --------
Frank J. Belatti 50 Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and
Director
Dick R. Holbrook 45 President, Chief Operating Officer and
Director
Samuel N. Frankel 60 Executive Vice President, Secretary,
General Counsel and Director
Gerald J. Wilkins 40 Chief Financial Officer
Jon Luther 54 President of Popeyes Chicken & Biscuits
Hala R. Moddelmog 42 President of Churchs Chicken
William M. Van Epps 50 President of International
Gregg A. Kaplan 41 President of Chesapeake
Mark J. Doran 34 Director
Paul Farrar 63 Director
Matt L. Figel 38 Director
Todd W. Halloran 35 Director
Kelvin J. Pennington 39 Director
John M. Roth 39 Director
Ronald P. Spogli 50 Director
William M. Wardlaw 51 Director
FRANK J. BELATTI, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director: Mr.
Belatti has served as the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and a director of
AFC since it commenced operations in November 1992 following the reorganization
of its predecessor. Prior to joining AFC, from 1990 to 1992, Mr. Belatti was
employed by Hospitality Franchise Systems, Inc., the franchisor for Ramada and
Howard Johnson hotels ("HFS"), as its President and Chief Operating Officer.
From 1989 to 1990, Mr. Belatti was President and Chief Operating Officer of
Arby's, Inc. ("Arby's") and from 1985 to 1989 he served as the Executive Vice
President of Marketing at Arby's. From 1986 to 1990, Mr. Belatti also served as
President of Arby's Franchise Association Service Corporation ("AFA"), which
created and developed the marketing programs and new product development for the
Arby's system. Mr. Belatti received the 1996
47
International Foodservice Management Association Silver Plate award for
excellence and achievement in the food-service industry and is also the 1997
Golden Chain Award winner. He also received the NAACP's Walter White award and
the President's Award for private sector initiatives. Mr. Belatti also serves as
Chairman of The AFC Foundation, Inc., as well as a member of the Board of
Directors for The Hank Aaron Chasing the Dream Foundation, Inc., The Schenck
School, APEX Museum and The Urban League. Mr. Belatti is also a member of the
Executive Steering Committee for Habitat for Humanity.
DICK R. HOLBROOK, President, Chief Operating Officer and Director: Mr.
Holbrook joined AFC in November 1992 as Executive Vice President and Chief
Operating Officer and assumed the role of President and Chief Operating Officer
in August 1995. He has been a director of AFC since 1995. From 1991 to 1992, Mr.
Holbrook served as Executive Vice President of Franchise Operations of HFS. From
1972 to 1991, Mr. Holbrook served in various management positions with Arby's,
starting as a crew member and working his way up to Assistant Restaurant
Manager, Restaurant Manager, District Manager, Regional Director of Operations,
Vice President of Operations Development and Training and Senior Vice President
of Franchise Operations.
SAMUEL N. FRANKEL, Executive Vice President, Secretary, General Counsel and
Director: Mr. Frankel has served as Executive Vice President since 1996, and as
Secretary and General Counsel of AFC as well as a director of AFC since 1992.
Prior to 1996, Mr. Frankel spent 25 years with Frankel, Hardwick, Tanenbaum &
Fink, P.C., an Atlanta, Georgia law firm specializing in commercial transactions
and business law, including franchising, licensing and distributorship
relationships. Mr. Frankel is a member of the Board of Directors of Colonial
Bank, Hank Aaron Enterprises, Inc., and The Hank Aaron Chasing the Dream
Foundation, Inc.
GERALD J. WILKINS, Chief Financial Officer: Mr. Wilkins has served as the
Chief Financial Officer of AFC since 1995. From 1993 to 1995, Mr. Wilkins was
Vice President of International Business Planning at KFC International in
Louisville, Kentucky. Mr. Wilkins also served in senior management positions
with General Electric Corporation from 1985 to 1993, including Assistant
Treasurer of GE Capital Corporation from 1989 to 1992. He has also worked with
the AT&T Corporation and Peat Marwick, Mitchell & Co.
JON LUTHER, President of Popeyes Chicken & Biscuits: Mr. Luther has served
as President of Popeyes Chicken & Biscuits since 1997. Prior to joining AFC, Mr.
Luther was President of CA One Services, Inc., a subsidiary of Delaware North
Enterprises, Inc. in Buffalo, New York from 1992 to 1997. From 1987 to 1992, Mr.
Luther served as President of Benchmark Services, Inc.
HALA R. MODDELMOG, President of Churchs Chicken. Ms. Moddelmog has served
as President of Churchs Chicken since 1996. From 1993 to 1996, Ms. Moddelmog was
Vice President of Marketing and then Senior Vice President/General Manager for
the Churchs brand. From 1990 to 1993, Ms. Moddelmog was Vice President of
Product
48
Marketing and Strategic Planning at AFA in Atlanta. Prior to joining AFA, Ms.
Moddelmog was a marketing manager for BellSouth Services in Atlanta from 1989 to
1990.
WILLIAM M. VAN EPPS, President of International: Mr. Van Epps is President
of International, a position he assumed in March 1998. He served as President of
Chesapeake from April 1997 to February 1998. He served as President--Worldwide
Business Development from 1996 to March 1997. From 1995 to 1996 Mr. Van Epps
served as President--International and he was Senior Vice President--
International from 1993 to 1995. From 1988 to 1993, Mr. Van Epps was Vice
President of Marketing and International at Western Sizzlin, Inc. From 1984 to
1988, Mr. Van Epps was President of Mid-American Restaurant Systems and the
President of Intercontinental Foodservice from 1982 to 1984. Mr. Van Epps was
with PepsiCo Foodservice International from 1977 to 1982, in a variety of
positions.
GREGG A. KAPLAN, President of Chesapeake: Mr. Kaplan assumed the position
as President of Chesapeake in March 1998. He served as Vice President of
Strategic Development with the Company from June 1996 to March 1998. Mr. Kaplan
formerly served as Senior Vice President of Marketing with Shoney's, Inc. Mr.
Kaplan joined Shoney's, Inc. in December 1990.
MARK J. DORAN, Director: Mr. Doran joined FS&Co. in 1988. Previously, Mr.
Doran was employed in the high yield department of Kidder, Peabody & Co.
Incorporated. Mr. Doran became a director of AFC in April 1996 and is also a
member of the Board of Directors of Brylane Inc.
PAUL FARRAR, Director: Mr. Farrar served as a Senior Vice President of
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce in Toronto, Canada from 1986 to 1993 and has
been retired since then. Mr. Farrar became a director of AFC in 1992. Mr. Farrar
also serves as a member of the Boards of Directors for Consumers Packaging,
Inc., Anchor Glass Container Corporation, Adelaide Capital Corp., and Pendaries
Petroleum, Ltd.
MATT L. FIGEL, Director: Mr. Figel founded Doramar Capital, a private
investment firm, in January 1997. From October 1986 to December 1996, Mr. Figel
was employed by FS&Co. Mr. Figel became a director of AFC in April 1996 and is
also a member of the Boards of Directors of Buttrey Food and Drug Stores Company
and Calmar Inc.
TODD W. HALLORAN, Director: Mr. Halloran joined FS&Co. in 1995. From 1990
to 1995, Mr. Halloran was employed by Goldman, Sachs & Co. in its Mergers and
Acquisitions Department, most recently as a Vice President. Mr. Halloran joined
the Board in April 1996.
KELVIN J. PENNINGTON, Director: Mr. Pennington has served as Managing
General Partner of PENMAN Asset Management, L.P., the general partner of PENMAN
Private Equity and Mezzanine Fund, L.P., in Chicago, Illinois since 1992. Mr.
Pennington became a director of AFC in May 1996. Mr. Pennington also serves as a
member of the Boards of Directors for LSC Acquisition Corp., MainStreet
Healthcare Corporation and TRIAD Holdings, Inc.
JOHN M. ROTH, Director: Mr. Roth joined FS&Co. in March 1988 and became a
general partner in March 1993. From 1984 to 1988, Mr. Roth was employed by
Kidder, Peabody & Co. Incorporated, his most recent position being a Vice
President in the
49
Merger and Acquisition Group. Mr. Roth became a director of AFC in April 1996
and is also a member of the Boards of Directors of EnviroSource, Inc. and
Brylane Inc.
RONALD P. SPOGLI, Director: Mr. Spogli is a founding partner of FS&Co. He
became a director of AFC in April 1996. Mr. Spogli is the Chairman of the Board
and a director of EnviroSource, Inc. and also serves on the Boards of Directors
of Buttrey Food and Drug Stores Company and Brylane Inc.
WILLIAM M. WARDLAW, Director: Mr. Wardlaw joined FS&Co. in March 1988 and
became a general partner in January 1991. From 1984 to 1988, Mr. Wardlaw was a
principal of the law firm of Riordan & McKinzie. Mr. Wardlaw became a director
of AFC in April 1996 and is also a member of the Boards of Directors of Buttrey
Food and Drug Stores Company.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The following table sets forth all compensation awarded to, earned by or
paid to the Chief Executive Officer and the other four of AFC's most highly
compensated executive officers whose total annual salary and bonus exceeded
$100,000 (the "Named Executive Officers") during the fiscal years ended December
31, 1995, December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997.
Annual Compensation All Other
- ---------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------
Name and Principal Position Year Salary Bonus/(1)(2)/ Compensation/(8)/
- ---------------------------------- ----------- ----------------- -------------------- --------------------
FRANK J. BELATTI 1997 $468,462 $ 660,000 $ 55,860
Chief Executive Officer 1996 430,000 515,045 32,943
1995 437,693 5,041,713/(3)/ 43,360
DICK R. HOLBROOK 1997 $323,077 $ 270,000 $ 21,635
President and 1996 300,000 220,000 13,643
Chief Operating Officer 1995 240,577 2,414,970/(4)/ 16,735
SAMUEL N. FRANKEL 1997 $294,231 $ 250,000 $ 50,995
Executive Vice President, 1996 275,000 200,000 32,745
Secretary and 1995 -- 2,389,220/(5)/ 14,495
General Counsel
WILLIAM M. VAN EPPS 1997 $236,615 $ 90,000 $ 5,617/(9)/
President of 1996 196,720 100,000 6,108/(9)/
International 1995 170,385 187,838/(6)/ 5,680
HALA R. MODDELMOG 1997 $230,001 $ 120,000 $ 2,935/(9)/
President of Churchs Chicken 1996 178,079 80,000 3,071/(9)/
1995 135,872 167,350/(7)/ 2,754
______________
(1) The bonus amounts shown for 1997 and 1996 for all Named Executive Officers
other than Mr. Van Epps and Ms. Moddelmog reflect annual payments that were
based solely on Company performance during 1997 and 1996 as determined using
performance objectives established for fiscal years 1997 and 1996. The amounts
shown for Mr. Van Epps and Ms. Moddelmog were largely (but not exclusively)
based on performance objectives established for their individual business
segments for fiscal years 1997 and 1996.
(2) On December 15, 1995, the Board of Directors of AFC authorized a payment
of $10 million to Frank Belatti for the benefit of himself and certain employees
of AFC as determined by Mr. Belatti in the event of the occurrence, on or before
June 30, 1996, of
50
(i) an initial public offering of common stock; (ii) the recapitalization or
refinancing of debt, including a purchase of at least $50 million in common
stock; or (iii) the repayment of $50 million of senior debt. On February 27,
1996, FS Equity Partners III, L.P. and FS Equity Partners International, L.P.
(collectively "FS") executed a Stock Purchase Agreement under which FS agreed to
purchase $70 million of common stock of AFC. In connection with the FS
Transaction, Mr. Belatti elected to have the $10 million paid in common stock of
AFC. In April 1996, the shareholders of the common stock of AFC authorized two
1996 Stock Bonus Plans contingent upon the closing of the FS Transaction
authorizing the issuance of a total of 3,014,772 shares of common stock. The FS
Transaction closed on April 11, 1996. On that date the Board of Directors of AFC
determined the fair market value of the common stock to be $3.317 per share
(without regard to restrictions and substantial risk of forfeiture) for the
purpose of defining the number of shares to be issued. AFC issued 3,014,772
shares of common stock to certain employees of AFC in connection with the FS
Transaction and AFC elected to accrue the $10 million stock distribution in its
fiscal year ending in 1995. As part of the FS Transaction, the vesting of stock
options for certain senior executives were accelerated in 1996 and AFC elected
to accrue an additional $647,000 compensation expense in its fiscal year ending
in 1995.
(3) The amount designated as bonus for Mr. Belatti in 1995 is comprised of a
cash distribution of $630,206, paid to him in 1996 pursuant to his Employment
Agreement with AFC, and a distribution to him in 1996 of 1,329,969 shares of
common stock, having a fair market value of $4,411,507 under the 1996 Stock
Bonus Plan - Executive in connection with the FS Transaction.
(4) The amount designated as bonus for Mr. Holbrook in 1995 is comprised of a
cash distribution of $275,750, paid to him in 1996 pursuant to his Employment
Agreement with AFC, and a distribution to him in 1996 of 660,000 shares of
common stock, having, a fair market value of $2,189,220 under the 1996 Stock
Bonus Plan - Executive in connection with the FS Transaction.
(5) The amount designated as bonus for Mr. Frankel in 1995 is comprised of a
cash distribution of $200,000, paid to him in 1996 pursuant to his Employment
Agreement with AFC, and a distribution to him in 1996 of 660,000 shares of
common stock, having a fair market value of $2,189,220 under the 1996 Stock
Bonus Plan - Executive in connection with the FS Transaction. In addition, AFC
paid life insurance premiums on behalf of Mr. Frankel in 1996 and 1995 under a
split-dollar insurance plan between Mr. Frankel and AFC.
(6) Mr. Van Epps' bonus for 1995 is comprised of a cash distribution of
$72,738 and a stock distribution of 34,700 shares of Common Stock having a fair
market value of $115,100.
(7) Ms. Moddelmog's bonus for 1995 is comprised of a cash distribution of
$52,250 and a stock distribution of 34,700 shares of Common Stock having a fair
market value of $115,100.
(8) The amounts shown under All Other Compensation reflect life insurance
premiums paid by AFC with respect to split dollar life insurance policies for
the benefit of the Messrs. Belatti, Holbrook and Frankel. AFC also paid $4,417,
$4,633 and $4,532 in life insurance premiums in 1997, 1996 and 1995,
respectively, for the split dollar life insurance policy for the benefit of Mr.
Van Epps. AFC also paid $1,735 in life insurance premiums in 1997, 1996 and 1995
for the split dollar life insurance policy for the benefit of Ms. Moddelmog.
(9) Includes matching contributions by AFC into the qualified employee benefit
plan under Section 401(k) of the Code on behalf of (i) Mr. Van Epps of $1,200,
$1,475 and $1,148 for 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively, and (ii) Ms. Moddelmog
of $1,200, $1,336 and $1,019 for 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
(10) Footnotes (2) and (5) above have been rewritten to correct certain
factual inaccuracies contained in such notes in a prior filing.
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS
FRANK J. BELATTI. Mr. Belatti and AFC entered into an employment
agreement on November 5, 1992, as amended, on November 5, 1995 (the "Belatti
Agreement"). The Belatti Agreement contains customary employment terms and
provides for a current annual base salary of $480,000, subject to annual
adjustment by the Board of Directors, an annual incentive bonus, stock options,
fringe benefits, participation in all Company-sponsored benefit plans and such
other compensation as may be approved by the Board of Directors. The term of the
Belatti Agreement terminates on November 5, 2000, unless earlier terminated or
otherwise renewed, pursuant to the terms thereof. Pursuant to the terms of the
Belatti Agreement, if Mr. Belatti's employment is terminated without cause or if
written notice not to renew his employment is given by AFC, Mr. Belatti would be
entitled to, among other things, one to two-and-one-half times his base annual
salary, depending on his length of service at such termination date, and the
bonus payable to him for the fiscal year in which such termination occurs. Under
the Belatti Agreement, upon (i) a change of control of AFC, (ii) a significant
reduction in Mr. Belatti's responsibilities, title or duties or (iii) the
relocation of AFC's principal office more than 45 miles from its current
location (except to Atlanta, Georgia), Mr. Belatti may terminate
51
his employment and would be entitled to receive, among other things, the same
severance pay he would have received had his employment been terminated by AFC
without cause.
DICK R. HOLBROOK. Mr. Holbrook and AFC entered into an employment agreement
on November 5, 1992, as amended, on November 5, 1995 (the "Holbrook Agreement").
The Holbrook Agreement contains customary employment terms and provides for a
current annual base salary of $325,000, subject to annual adjustment by the
Board of Directors, an annual incentive bonus, stock options, fringe benefits,
participation in all Company-sponsored benefit plans and such other compensation
as may be approved by the Board of Directors. The term of the Holbrook Agreement
terminates on November 5, 2000, unless earlier terminated or otherwise renewed,
pursuant to the terms thereof. Pursuant to the Holbrook Agreement, if Mr.
Holbrook's employment is terminated without cause or if written notice not to
renew his employment is given by AFC, he would be entitled to, among other
things, one to two-and-one-half times his base annual salary, depending on his
length of service at such termination date, and the bonus payable to him for the
fiscal year in which such termination occurs. Under the Holbrook Agreement, upon
(i) a change of control of AFC, (ii) a significant reduction in Mr. Holbrook's
responsibilities, title or duties not approved by Mr. Belatti or (iii) AFC
relocates its principal office more than 45 miles from its current location
(except to Atlanta, Georgia), Mr. Holbrook may terminate his employment and
would be entitled to receive, among other things, the same severance pay he
would have received had his employment been terminated by AFC without cause.
SAMUEL N. FRANKEL. Mr. Frankel and AFC entered into an employment
agreement on December 5, 1995 (the "Frankel Agreement"). The Frankel Agreement
contains customary employment terms and provides for a base annual salary of
$300,000, subject to annual adjustment by the Board of Directors, and for an
annual incentive bonus. The term of the Frankel Agreement terminates on December
5, 2000, unless earlier terminated or otherwise renewed pursuant to the terms
thereof. Pursuant to the Frankel Agreement, if Mr. Frankel's employment is
terminated without cause or if written notice not to renew is given by AFC, he
would be entitled to, among other things, two-and-one-half times his base annual
salary, and the bonus payable to him for the fiscal year in which such
termination occurs. Under the Frankel Agreement, upon (i) a change of control of
AFC, (ii) a significant reduction in Mr. Frankel's responsibilities, title or
duties not approved by Mr. Belatti or (iii) the relocation of AFC's principal
office more than 45 miles from its current location (except to Atlanta,
Georgia), Mr. Frankel may terminate his employment and would be entitled to
receive, among other things, the same severance pay he would receive if he was
terminated by AFC without cause.
OPTION PLANS
1992 NONQUALIFIED STOCK OPTION PLAN
The 1992 Nonqualified Stock Option Plan (the "1992 Option Plan"), provides
for the grant of options to purchase shares of Common Stock to selected officers
of AFC. Options under the 1992 Option Plan are not intended to qualify for
treatment as incentive stock options under Section 422A of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended
52
("Section 422A"). Options under the 1992 Option Plan became exercisable at
various dates beginning on January 1, 1994. If not exercised, options under the
1992 Option Plan will expire 15 years after their issuance (if not sooner due to
termination of employment). If the employment of an optionee under the 1992
Option Plan is terminated for any reason, AFC may be required to repurchase the
shares of Common Stock acquired by such optionee pursuant to such plan. Up to
1,808,864 shares of Common Stock have been reserved for issuance under the 1992
Option Plan. Prior to April 1996, options with respect to 669,334, 200,000,
170,000, 35,000 and 35,000 shares of Common Stock were issued to Messrs.
Belatti, Holbrook, Frankel and Van Epps and Ms. Moddelmog, respectively, at an
exercise price of $0.10. On April 11, 1996, this exercise price was adjusted to
$0.08 per share and additional options with respect to 196,849, 58,860, 50,000,
10,300 and 10,300 shares of Common Stock were issued to Messrs. Belatti,
Holbrook, Frankel and Van Epps and Ms. Moddelmog, respectively, also at an
exercise price of $0.08 per share. As of December 28, 1997, options with respect
to 1,720,061 shares of Common Stock were outstanding under the 1992 Option Plan,
of which options with respect to 1,527,854 shares of Common Stock were
exercisable.
1996 NONQUALIFIED PERFORMANCE STOCK OPTION PLAN--EXECUTIVE
Certain senior executives of AFC are eligible to participate in AFC's 1996
Nonqualified Performance Stock Option Plan--Executive (the "Executive
Performance Option Plan"). Up to 1,444,053 shares of Common Stock may be issued
under the Executive Performance Option Plan. Under the Executive Performance
Option Plan, participants may be granted options to purchase shares of Common
Stock at an option price determined by the Board of Directors of AFC. Options
under the Executive Performance Option Plan are not intended to qualify for
treatment as incentive stock options under Section 422A. The Executive
Performance Option Plan is administered by the compensation committee of the
Board of Directors (the "Compensation Committee"). All options granted under the
Executive Performance Option Plan may vest over four to five years commencing on
the first anniversary of the date of grant according to performance criteria
relating to AFC's earnings on a fiscal year basis. Pursuant to the Executive
Performance Option Plan, on April 26, 1996 AFC granted options with respect to
800,000, 400,000 and 225,000 shares of Common Stock to Messrs. Belatti, Holbrook
and Frankel, respectively, at an exercise price of $3.317 per share. In 1997,
AFC granted options with respect to 10,019, 4,517 and 4,517 shares of Common
Stock to Messrs. Belatti, Holbrook and Frankel, respectively, at an exercise
price of $4.95 per share.
All options granted under the Executive Performance Option Plan will expire
ten years from the date of grant unless terminated earlier due to certain
circumstances. The exercisability of options under the Executive Performance
Option Plan may be accelerated, at the discretion of the Compensation Committee.
Additionally, the Executive Performance Option Plan provides that, at any time
prior to five years after the date of grant of an option, AFC may elect to
repurchase all or any portion of the shares of Common Stock acquired by the
participant by the exercise of the options for a period of six months after the
date of termination of the participant's employment. The purchase price for such
repurchased shares shall be their "fair market value" thereof, as determined by
the Board of Directors. The Executive Performance Option Plan contains
provisions
53
relating to certain "tag-along" and "drag-along" rights should the FS Entities
(as defined herein) find a third-party buyer for all of the Common Stock held
thereby. As of December 28, 1997, options with respect to 1,444,053 shares of
Common Stock were outstanding under the Executive Performance Option Plan, of
which options with respect to 574,791 shares were exercisable.
1996 NONQUALIFIED PERFORMANCE STOCK OPTION PLAN--GENERAL
Certain officers and key employees not covered by the Executive Performance
Option Plan are eligible to receive options to purchase Common Stock under AFC's
1996 Nonqualified Performance Stock Option Plan--General ("General Performance
Option Plan"). Up to 1,269,242 options to purchase shares of Common Stock are
issuable under the General Performance Option Plan. Options under the General
Performance Option Plan are not intended to qualify for treatment as incentive
stock options under Section 422A. Pursuant to the General Performance Option
Plan, on April 26, 1996, AFC granted options with respect to 100,000 shares of
Common Stock to each of Mr. Van Epps and Mrs. Moddelmog at an exercise price of
$3.317 per share. On October 1, 1997, AFC granted options with respect to 2,377
shares of Common Stock to Mr. Van Epps and Mrs. Moddelmog at an exercise price
of $4.95 per share. The General Performance Option Plan has a number of terms
that are substantially similar to terms found in the Executive Performance
Option Plan. All options granted under the General Performance Option Plan may
vest over four to five years commencing on the first anniversary of the date of
grant according to a performance criteria relating to AFC's earnings. Such
options expire ten years from the date of grant unless terminated earlier due to
certain circumstances. Additionally, the General Performance Option Plan
restricts employees from transferring any shares of Common Stock received on the
exercise of options under the General Performance Option Plan prior to the fifth
anniversary of the date of the grant. Following such fifth anniversary, AFC has
a right of first refusal with respect to any proposed transfer of such shares of
Common Stock. Finally, the General Performance Option Plan contains provisions
relating to certain "tag-along" and "drag-along" rights should the FS Entities
(as defined herein) find a third-party buyer for all of the Common Stock held
thereby. As of December 28, 1997, options to purchase 1,207,894 shares of Common
Stock were outstanding under the General Performance Option Plan, of which
options to purchase 476,567 shares of Common Stock were exercisable.
1996 NONQUALIFIED STOCK OPTION PLAN
Certain officers and key employees are eligible to receive options to
purchase Common Stock under AFC's 1996 Nonqualified Stock Option Plan (the "1996
Option Plan"). The 1996 Option Plan authorizes AFC to issue up to 1,808,863
options to purchase shares of Common Stock. Options under the 1996 Option Plan
are not intended to qualify for treatment as incentive stock options under
Section 422A. On April 11, 1996, options to purchase 90,000, 55,000 and 35,000
shares of Common Stock were granted to Messrs. Belatti, Holbrook and Frankel,
respectively, at an exercise price of $3.317 per share. On April 26, 1996,
options to purchase 5,000 shares of Common Stock were granted under the 1996
Option Plan to Mr. Van Epps and Ms. Moddelmog also at
54
an exercise price of $3.317 per share. On October 1, 1997, options to purchase
32,390, 14,963, 14,963, 7,782 and 7,782 shares of Common Stock were granted to
Messrs. Belatti, Holbrook, Frankel, Van Epps and Ms. Moddelmog at an exercise
price of $4.95 per share. The 1996 Option Plan contains many of the same
provisions of the Executive Performance Option Plan and the General Performance
Option Plan. All options granted under the 1996 Option Plan vest in 25%
increments upon each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the
date of grant and expire seven years from the date of grant, unless terminated
earlier due to certain circumstances. The 1996 Option Plan includes the same
repurchase rights found in the Executive Performance Option Plan and the General
Performance Option Plan. Additionally, the 1996 Option Plan contains the
transfer restrictions, rights of first refusal and "tag-along" and "drag-along"
rights as found in the General Performance Option Plan. As of December 28, 1997,
options with respect to 641,464 shares of Common Stock were outstanding under
the 1996 Option Plan, of which options to purchase 84,100 shares of Common Stock
were exercisable.
The following table sets forth information concerning the number and value
of securities underlying unexercised options held by each of the Named Executive
Officers at December 28, 1997.
AFC OPTION GRANTS IN THE LAST FISCAL YEAR
Individual Grants(1) Potential Realizable
-------------------------------------------------
Number of % of Total Value at Assumed Annual
Securities Options Rates of Stock Price
Underlying Granted to Exercise Appreciation for Option
Options Employees in or Expiration Term(2)
-------------------------------
Name Granted (#) Fiscal Year Base Price Date 5% 10%
---- ----------- ----------- ---------- ---- -- ---
Frank J. Belatti 10,019 6.54% $4.950 10/1/07 $ 47,550 $ 95,401
32,390 10.40 4.950 10/1/04 118,163 205,001
Dick R. Holbrook 4,571 2.99 4.950 10/1/07 21,694 43,525
14,963 4.81 4.950 10/1/04 54,587 94,703
Samuel N. Frankel 4,571 2.99 4.950 10/1/07 21,694 43,525
14,963 4.81 4.950 10/1/04 54,587 94,703
William M. Van Epps 2,377 1.55 4.950 10/1/07 11,281 22,634
7,782 2.50 4.950 10/1/04 28,390 49,253
Hala R. Moddelmog 2,377 1.55 4.950 10/1/07 11,281 22,634
7,782 2.50 4.950 10/1/04 28,390 49,253
_____________
(1) Option grants to the Named Executive Officers set forth in the table were
granted under the Executive Performance Option Plan, with respect to Messrs.
Belatti, Holbrook and Frankel, the General Performance Stock Option Plan, with
respect to Mr. Van Epps and Ms. Moddelmog, and the 1996 Option Plan, with
respect to each Named Executive Officer.
(2) These columns indicate the hypothetical gains of "option spreads" of the
outstanding options granted, based on assumed annual compound stock appreciation
rates of 5% and 10% over the options' terms. The 5% and 10% assumed rates of
appreciation are mandated by the rules of the Commission and do not represent
AFC's estimate or projection of the future prices or market value of Common
Stock.
55
The following table sets forth information concerning the number and value
of securities underlying unexercised options held by each of the Named Executive
Officers as of December 28, 1997.
AGGREGATED OPTION EXERCISES IN THE LAST FISCAL YEAR
AND FISCAL YEAR-END OPTION VALUES
Securities Unexercised Value of Unexercised
Underlying Options at In-the-Money Options at
Dec 28, 1997 (#) Dec. 28, 1997 ($)(1)(2)
--------------------------------- ------------------------------
Not Not
Exercisable Exercisable Exercisable Exercisable
--------------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Frank J. Belatti 1,215,081 587,404 7,895,029 2,391,948
Dick R. Holbrook 433,753 299,641 2,650,452 1,223,366
Samuel N. Frankel 319,893 179,641 2,048,386 721,406
William M. Van Epps 62,553 97,906 327,724 473,522
Hala R. Moddelmog 46,374 114,085 207,676 593,570
_____________
(1) Because there is no established public trading market for Common Stock,
the Board of Directors of AFC must, under certain circumstances, determine the
fair market value of the Common Stock. AFC believes that the fair market value
of the Common Stock was $7.50 per share as of December 28, 1997.
(2) Values for "in-the-money" outstanding options represent the positive
spread between the respective exercise prices of the outstanding options and the
fair market value of the underlying Common Stock of $7.50 per share as described
in Note 1.
STOCK BONUS PLANS
Officers, key employees and certain consultants of AFC have received shares
of Common Stock under AFC's 1996 Employee Stock Bonus Plan--Executive (the
"Executive Bonus Plan") and the 1996 Stock Bonus Plan--General (the "General
Bonus Plan"). On April 26, 1996, an aggregate of 2,649,969 shares of Common
Stock were issued under the Executive Bonus Plan and an aggregate of 364,803
shares of Common Stock were issued under the General Bonus Plan at a fair market
value of $3.317 per share. On such date, Messrs. Belatti, Holbrook and Frankel
were issued 1,329,969, 660,000 and 660,000 shares of Common Stock, respectively,
under the Executive Bonus Plan and Mr. Van Epps and Ms. Moddelmog were each
issued 34,700 shares of Common Stock under the General Bonus Plan. Under each
such plan, at any time prior to five years after the date of grant of Common
Stock bonuses, AFC has the option, in certain circumstances, to repurchase all
or any portion of the shares of Common Stock acquired by the plan participant
for a period of six months after the date of termination of the participant's
employment. The price for such repurchase will be the fair market value of the
shares as determined by the Board of Directors, except for termination of
employment other than death or disability under the General Bonus Plan. In such
instances, the repurchase price shall be a certain fraction of the fair market
value, depending on the length of employment by such employee. This repurchase
option terminates upon AFC's initial public offering of Common Stock or a change
of control with respect to AFC. In addition, shares issued under the General
Bonus Plan are also subject to the same transfer restrictions, rights of first
refusal and "tag-along" and "drag-along" rights that are found in the General
Option Plan. No further shares are available for issuance under either the
Executive Bonus Plan or the General Bonus Plan.
56
In connection with the issuance of shares of Common Stock under the
Executive Bonus Plan and the General Bonus Plan, AFC offered to loan the
participating employee an amount sufficient to pay for the employee's tax
obligation resulting from the issuance of shares of Common Stock to such
employee. If accepted by the employee, such loan would be evidenced by a
promissory note which will be due on December 31, 2003 and accrues interest at
6.25% per annum. Such notes are secured by the pledge of the shares issued to
the employee. As of December 28, 1997, under the Executive Bonus Plan and the
General Bonus Plan, Messrs. Belatti, Holbrook, Frankel and Van Epps and Ms.
Moddelmog had issued promissory notes to AFC in the outstanding principal
amounts of $2,078,726, $1,030,028, $1,030,028, $51,795 and $51,795,
respectively.
OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
On April 19, 1994, AFC adopted a nonqualified retirement, disability and
death benefit plan ("Retirement Plan") for certain officers. Retirement benefits
under the Retirement Plan are unfunded. Annual benefits are equal to 30.0% of
the executive's average base compensation for the five years preceding
retirement. The benefits are payable in 120 equal monthly installments following
the executive officer's retirement date. Death benefits under the Retirement
Plan cover certain executive officers and are up to five times the officer's
base compensation at the time of employment. AFC has the discretion to increase
the employee's death benefits. Death benefits are funded by split dollar life
insurance arrangements. The accumulated benefit obligation relating to the
Retirement Plan was approximately $1.2 million on December 28, 1997. AFC also
provides post-retirement medical benefits (including dental coverage) for
certain retirees and their spouses. This benefit begins on the date of
retirement and ends after 120 months or upon the death of both parties.
57
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table shows the total number and percentage of the
outstanding shares of the Company's Common Stock beneficially owned as of March
15, 1998, with respect to each person (including any "group" as used in Section
13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) the Company knows
to have beneficial ownership of more than 5% of the Common Stock. The Company
computed the percentage ownership amounts in accordance with the provisions of
Rule 13d-3(d), which includes as beneficially owned all shares of Common Stock
which the person or group has the right to acquire within the next 60 days. The
percentages are based upon 34,448,604 shares outstanding as of March 15, 1998.
OWNERSHIP OF AFC COMMON STOCK
Shares of Percentage of
Name(1) Common Stock Common Stock
------ ------------ -------------
Freeman Spogli & Co. Incorporated(2)(3)...................... 18,993,066 55.1%
Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce(4)........................ 6,312,724 18.3%
PENMAN Private Equity and Mezzanine Fund, L.P.(5)............ 2,110,341 6.1%
ML IBK Positions, Inc.(6).................................... 2,050,000 6.0%
Frank J. Belatti(7)(8)....................................... 2,567,550 7.2%
Dick R. Holbrook(7)(9)....................................... 1,107,503 3.2%
Samuel N. Frankel(7)(10)..................................... 988,643 2.8%
William M. Van Epps(7)(11)................................... 98,503 *
Hala R. Moddelmog(7)(12)..................................... 83,618 *
Mark J. Doran(3)............................................. -- --
Paul Farrar(13).............................................. -- --
Matt L. Figel(14)............................................ -- --
Todd W. Halloran(3).......................................... -- --
Kelvin J. Pennington(5)...................................... -- --
John M. Roth(3).............................................. -- --
Ronald P. Spogli(3).......................................... -- --
William M. Wardlaw(3)........................................ -- --
Directors and officers as a group (30 persons) (1530)........ 26,755,373 72.0%
-------------
______________
* Less than 1.0% of outstanding shares of Common Stock.
(1) The persons named in this table have sole voting power and investment
power with respect to all shares of Common Stock shown as beneficially owned by
them, subject to community property laws where applicable and the information
contained in this table and these notes.
(2) The shares shown as beneficially owned by FS&Co. are held of record as
follows: 18,259,483 shares owned by FS Equity Partners III, L.P. ("FSEP III")
and 733,583 shares owned by FS Equity Partners International, L.P. ("FSEP
International"). FS Capital Partners, L.P. ("FS Capital"), an affiliate of
FS&Co., is the sole general partner of FSEP III. FS Holdings, Inc. ("FSHI") is
the sole general partner of FS Capital. The sole general partner of FSEP
International is FS&Co. International, L.P. ("FS&Co. International"). The sole
general partner of FS&Co. International is FS International Holdings Limited
("FS International Holdings"), an affiliate of FS&Co. As the general partners
of FS Capital (which is the general partner of FSEP III) and FS&Co.
International (which is the general partner of FSEP International),
respectively, FSHI and FS International Holdings have the sole power to vote and
dispose of the shares of AFC held by each of FSEP III and FSEP International,
respectively.
(3) Messrs. Spogli, Roth and Wardlaw, each of whom is a member of the
Board, and Mr. Bradford M. Freeman, Mr. J. Frederick Simmons and Mr. Charles P.
Rullman, Jr. are the sole directors, officers and shareholders of FS&Co., FSHI
and FS International Holdings, and as such may be deemed to be the beneficial
owners of the shares indicated as beneficially owned by FS&Co. Messrs. Doran and
Halloran, each of whom is a member of the Board, are affiliated with FS&Co. The
business address of each of FS&Co. and its general partners, FSHI and its sole
directors, officers and shareholders, FS Capital and FSEP III is 11100
58
Santa Monica Boulevard, Suite 1900, Los Angeles, California 90025. The business
address of each of FS International Holdings, FS&Co. International and FSEP
International is c/o Paget-Brown & Company, Ltd., West Winds Building, Third
Floor, P.O. Box 1111, Grand Cayman, George Town, Cayman Islands, B.W.I. The
business address of Messrs. Doran and Halloran is 599 Lexington Avenue, 18th
Floor, New York, New York 10022.
(4) The business address for Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce is BCE
Place, Bay Street, P.O. Box 500, Toronto, Ontario MBJ258.
(5) Mr. Pennington, who is a member of the Board, and Mr. Lawrence C.
Manson, Jr. are general partners of PENMAN Asset Management, L.P. ("PENMAN
Asset"), the general partner of PENMAN Private Equity and Mezzanine Fund, L.P.
("PENMAN Equity"), and as such may be deemed to be the beneficial owners of the
shares indicated as beneficially owned by PENMAN. The business address of PENMAN
Equity, PENMAN Asset and each of its general partners is 333 West Wacker Drive,
Suite 700, Chicago, Illinois 60606.
(6) The business address of ML IBK Positions, Inc. is c/o Merrill Lynch &
Co., Inc., Corporate Credit Division, World Financial Center, South Tower, 7th
Floor, New York, New York 10080.
(7) The business address of AFC's executive officers is c/o AFC
Enterprises, Inc., Six Concourse Parkway, Suite 1700, Atlanta, Georgia 30328.
(8) Includes 1,237,581 shares of Common Stock issuable with respect to
options exercisable within 60 days as of March 15, 1998.
(9) Includes 447,503 shares of Common Stock issuable with respect to
options exercisable within 60 days as of March 15, 1998.
(10) Includes 328,643 shares of Common Stock issuable with respect to
options exercisable within 60 days as of March 15, 1998.
(11) Includes 63,803 shares of Common Stock issuable with respect to
options exercisable within 60 days as of March 15, 1998.
(12) Includes 48,918 shares of Common Stock issuable with respect to
options exercisable within 60 days as of March 15, 1998.
(13) Mr. Farrar's mailing address is c/o Canadian Imperial Bank of
Commerce, BCE Place, Bay Street, P.O. Box 500, Toronto, Ontario MBJ258.
(14) Mr. Figel's business address is c/o Doramar Capital, 300 South Grand
Avenue, Suite 2900, Los Angeles, California 90071.
(15) Includes 18,993,066 shares of Common Stock held by affiliates of
FS&Co., 2,110,341 shares of Common Stock held by an affiliate of PENMAN Equity
and 2,721,687 shares of Common Stock issuable with respect to options granted to
certain executive officers that are exercisable within 60 days as of January 30,
1998.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
In April 1996, FSEP III and FSEP International (collectively, the "FS
Entities") acquired from AFC 21,103,407 shares of Common Stock, for an aggregate
purchase price of $70.0 million. In connection with such stock purchase,
535,152 of the 560,000 outstanding shares of AFC's 8% Redeemable Cumulative
Preferred Stock ("8% Preferred Stock") were exchanged into an equal number of
shares of 10% Preferred Stock including 360,545 shares held by Canadian Imperial
Bank of Commerce and 60,000 shares held by ML IBK Positions, Inc. In May 1996,
the FS Entities sold an aggregate of 2,110,341 shares of Common Stock to PENMAN
Equity for an aggregate purchase price of $7.0 million. In August 1996, the
remaining 24,848 shares of the 8% Preferred Stock then outstanding were
exchanged for an equal number of shares of 10% Preferred Stock.
In April 1996, the FS Entities, AFC, Messrs. Belatti, Holbrook and Frankel
along with certain other holders of Common Stock, entered into a stockholders
agreement ("Stockholders Agreement") whereby (i) the shareholders were granted
the pro rata right to acquire any additional securities to be issued by AFC,
(ii) the FS Entities granted certain "tag-along" rights to the other
shareholders and, in turn, were granted certain
59
"drag-along" rights with respect to the sale of their shares of Common Stock or
10% Preferred Stock (collectively, "Capital Stock"), (iii) various transfer
restrictions were agreed upon by the shareholders, (iv) certain rights of first
offer prior to any transfer of shares of Capital Stock were agreed to and (v)
certain Board representation rights of the FS Entities, the Chief Executive
Officer of AFC, and the holders of 10% Preferred Stock were established. This
Stockholders Agreement was amended in May 1996 to include PENMAN Equity and
again in August 1996 to include two new shareholders.
In April 1996, in connection with the issuance of shares of Common Stock
under the Executive Bonus Plan and General Bonus Plan, Messrs. Belatti,
Holbrook, Frankel and Van Epps and Ms. Moddelmog borrowed $1,985,178, $985,149,
$985,149, $51,795 and $51,795, respectively, from AFC to cover certain income
tax liabilities arising as a result the issuance of shares of Common Stock in
connection with the FS Transactions. In 1997, AFC additionally loaned Messrs.
Belatti, Holbrook and Frankel $93,548, $44,879 and $44,879, respectively, with
respect to the above. Each officer delivered a promissory note to AFC with
respect to the amount borrowed thereby and each such promissory note is due on
December 31, 2003 with a simple interest rate of 6.25% per annum. In connection
with these notes, each such officer also entered into a pledge agreement with
AFC whereby each note is secured by the pledge of shares of Common Stock issued
thereto under either the Executive Bonus Plan or the General Bonus Plan. As of
December 28, 1997, under the Executive Bonus Plan and the General Bonus Plan,
Messrs. Belatti, Holbrook, Frankel and Van Epps and Ms. Moddelmog had issued
promissory notes to AFC in the outstanding principal amounts of $2,078,726,
$1,030,028, $1,030,028, $51,795 and $51,795, respectively.
In May 1996, AFC redeemed all shares of its outstanding 8% Preferred Stock
and 10% Preferred Stock with proceeds from the issuance of $175 million in
Senior Subordinated Notes.
In 1996, AFC received legal services from Frankel, Hardwick, Tanenbaum &
Fink, P.C., a law firm associated with Mr. Frankel, AFC's Executive Vice
President, Secretary and General Counsel and a member of AFC's Board of
Directors. During AFC's fiscal year ended December 29, 1996, the total amount
paid to this law firm was approximately $448,000. This law firm has since been
dissolved.
AFC's executive committee of the Board of Directors oversees compensation
matters. Messrs. Belatti and Frankel, two Named Executive Officers, serve on
the executive committee but neither Mr. Belatti nor Mr. Frankel participated in
matters regarding his own compensation.
60
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(A) FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following consolidated financial statements of the Company appear
immediately following this Item 14:
Pages
-----
Report of Independent Auditors F-1
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 29, 1996 and December
28, 1997............................................................... F-2
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years ended December
31, 1995, December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997...................... F-4
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Deficit) for
the Years ended December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996 and December
28, 1997............................................................... F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December
31, 1995, December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997...................... F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................................ F-8
(B) FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
The Company has omitted all other schedules because the conditions
requiring their filing do not exist or because the required information appears
in the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements, including the notes to those
statements.
(C) EXHIBITS
The Company has filed the exhibits listed below with this report.
Exhibit
Number Description
------ -----------
3.1* Articles of Incorporation of AFC Enterprises, Inc. ("AFC"), as
amended to date.
3.2* Amended and Restated Bylaws of AFC (formerly known as America's
Favorite Chicken Company), as amended to date.
4.1* Indenture dated as of May 21, 1997 between AFC and United States
Trust Company of New York, as Trustee, with respect to the 10 1/4
% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2007.
4.2* Purchase Agreement, dated May 16, 1997, by and among AFC,
Goldman, Sachs & Co., CIBC Wood Gundy Securities Corp. and
Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corporation.
61
4.3* Exchange and Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of May 21,
1997, by and among AFC, Goldman, Sachs & Co., CIBC Wood Gundy
Securities Corp. and Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities
Corporation.
4.4* Credit Agreement dated as of May 21, 1997, between AFC and the
financial institutions listed therein (collectively, "Lenders"),
Goldman Sachs Capital Partners L.P., as syndication and arranging
agent, and Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce ("CIBC"), as
administrative agent for Lenders.
4.5* Security Agreement, dated as of May 21, 1997, by and between AFC
and CIBC, as Administrative Agent.
4.6* Pledge Agreement, dated as of May 21, 1997, by and between AFC
and CIBC, as Administrative Agent.
4.7* Trademark Security Agreement, dated as of May 21, 1997, by and
between AFC and CIBC, as Administrative Agent.
4.8* Patent and Copyright Security Agreement, dated as of May 21,
1997, by and between AFC and CIBC, as Administrative Agent.
4.9* Collateral Account Agreement, dated as of May 21, 1997, by and
between AFC and CIBC, as Administrative Agent.
4.10* Form of Mortgage, Assignment of Rents, Security Agreement and
Fixture Filing, dated as of May 21, 1997, between AFC and CIBC,
as Administrative Agent.
10.1* Stock Purchase Agreement dated February 23, 1996 among AFC, FS
Equity Partners, L.P. III ("FSEP III"), and FS Equity Partners
International, L.P. ("FSEP International").
10.2* Stockholders Agreement dated April 11, 1996 among FSEP III and
FSEP International, CIBC, Pilgrim Prime Rate Trust, Van Kampen
American Capital Prime Rate Income Trust, Senior Debt Portfolio,
ML IBK Positions Inc., Frank J. Belatti, Dick R. Holbrook, Samuel
N. Frankel (collectively, the "Stockholders") and AFC.
10.3* Amendment No. 1 to Stockholders Agreement dated May 1, 1996 among
the Stockholders, AFC and PENMAN Private Equity and Mezzanine
Fund, L.P.
10.4* Asset Purchase Agreement dated March 24, 1997 by and between AFC
and Atlanta Franchise Development Company, LLC.
10.5* Asset Purchase Agreement dated May 5, 1997 among AFC, The
American Bagel Company d/b/a Chesapeake Bagel Bakery, Michael
Robinson, and Alan Manstof.
10.6* Form of Popeye's Development Agreement
10.7* Form of Church's Development Agreement
10.8* Form of Popeye's Franchise Agreement
62
10.9* Form of Church's Franchise Agreement
10.10* Formula Agreement dated July 2, 1979 among Alvin C. Copeland,
Gilbert E. Copeland, Mary L. Copeland, Catherine Copeland,
Russell J. Jones, A. Copeland Enterprises, Inc. and Popeyes
Famous Fried Chicken, Inc. (a predecessor of AFC).
10.11* Amendment to Formula Agreement dated March 21, 1989 by and among
Alvin Copeland, New Orleans Spice Company, Inc. and Biscuit
Investments, Inc. (a predecessor of AFC).
10.12* Second Amendment to Formula Agreement dated March 21, 1989 by and
among Alvin C. Copeland, Biscuit Investments, Inc. and New
Orleans Spice Company, Inc.
10.13* Supply Agreement dated March 21, 1989 between New Orleans Spice
Company, Inc. and Biscuit Investments, Inc.
10.14* Recipe Royalty Agreement dated March 21, 1989 by and among Alvin
C. Copeland, New Orleans Spice Company, Inc. and Biscuit
Investments, Inc.
10.15* Licensing Agreement dated March 11, 1976 between King Features
Syndicate Division of The Hearst Corporation and A. Copeland
Enterprises, Inc.
10.16* Assignment and Amendment dated January 1, 1981 between A.
Copeland Enterprises, Inc., Popeyes Famous Fried Chicken, Inc.
and King Features Syndicate Division of The Hearst Corporation.
10.17* Popeye License Agreement dated January 1, 1981 between King
Features Syndicate Division of The Hearst Corporation and Popeyes
Famous Fried Chicken, Inc.
10.18* Letter Agreement dated September 17, 1981 between King Features
Syndicate Division of The Hearst Corporation, A. Copeland
Enterprises, Inc. and Popeyes Famous Fried Chicken, Inc.
10.19* License Agreement dated December 19, 1985 by and between King
Features Syndicate, Inc., The Hearst Corporation, Popeyes, Inc.
and A. Copeland Enterprises, Inc.
10.20* Letter Agreement dated July 20, 1987 by and between King Features
Syndicate, Division of The Hearst Corporation, Popeyes, Inc. and
A. Copeland Enterprises, Inc.
10.21* Employment Agreement dated November 5, 1992 between AFC and
Frank J. Belatti.
10.22* Amendment No. 1 to Employment Agreement dated November 5, 1995
between AFC and Frank J. Belatti.
63
10.23* Employment Agreement dated as of November 5, 1992 between AFC and
Dick R. Holbrook.
10.24* Amendment No. 1 to Employment Agreement dated November 5, 1995
between AFC and Dick R. Holbrook.
10.25* Employment Agreement dated December 5, 1995 between AFC and
Samuel N. Frankel.
10.26* 1992 Stock Option Plan of AFC (formerly America's Favorite
Chicken Company) effective as of November 5, 1992.
10.27* First Amendment to 1992 Stock Option Plan dated July 19, 1993.
10.28* Second Amendment to 1992 Stock Option Plan dated December 17,
1993.
10.29* Third Amendment to 1992 Stock Option Plan dated April 11, 1996.
10.30* 1996 Nonqualified Performance Stock Option Plan (Executive) of
AFC effective as of April 11, 1996.
10.31* 1996 Nonqualified Performance Stock Option Plan (General) of AFC
effective as of April 11, 1996.
10.32* 1996 Nonqualified Stock Option Plan of AFC effective as of April
11, 1996.
10.33* Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (General) between AFC
and stock option participants.
10.34* Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (Executive) between
AFC and certain key executives.
10.35* 1996 Employee Stock Bonus Plan (Executive) of AFC effective as of
April 11, 1996.
10.36* 1996 Employee Stock Bonus Plan (General) of AFC effective as of
April 11, 1996.
10.37* Form of Stock Bonus Agreement (Executive) between AFC and certain
executive officers.
10.38* Form of Stock Bonus Agreement (General) between AFC and certain
key officers and employees.
10.39* Form of Secured Promissory Note issued to certain members of
management.
10.40* Form of Stock Pledge Agreement between AFC and certain members of
64
management.
10.41* AFC 1994 Supplemental Benefit Plan for Executive Officers dated
May 9, 1994.
10.42* AFC 1994 Supplemental Benefit Plan for Senior and Executive Staff
Officers dated April 19, 1994.
10.43* AFC 1994 Supplemental Benefit Plan for Senior Officers/General
Managers dated May 9, 1994.
10.44* AFC 1994 Supplemental Benefit Plan for Designated Officers dated
May 9, 1994.
10.45* Settlement Agreement between Alvin C. Copeland, Diversified Foods
and Seasonings, Inc., Flavorite Laboratories, Inc. and AFC dated
May 29, 1997.
10.46* Sublease dated March 1, 1997 by and between AFC and Foresight
Software, Inc.
10.47* Lease dated December 31, 1992 by and between Concourse VI
Associates and AFC.
10.48* First Amendment to Lease Agreement dated January 1993 by and
between AFC and Concourse VI Associates.
10.49* Second Amendment to Lease Agreement dated June 24, 1993 by and
between AFC and Concourse VI Associates.
65
10.50* Third Amendment to Lease Agreement dated June 17, 1994 by and
between AFC and Concourse VI Associates.
10.51* Indemnification Agreement dated April 11, 1996 by and between AFC
and William M. Wardlaw.
10.52* Indemnification Agreement dated April 11, 1996 by and between AFC
and Ronald P. Spogli.
10.53* Indemnification Agreement dated April 11, 1996 by and between AFC
and John M. Roth.
10.54* Indemnification Agreement dated May 1, 1996 by and between AFC
and Kelvin J. Pennington.
10.55* Indemnification Agreement dated April 11, 1996 by and between AFC
and Dick R. Holbrook.
10.56* Indemnification Agreement dated April 11, 1996 by and between AFC
and Todd W. Halloran.
10.57* Indemnification Agreement dated April 11, 1996 by and between AFC
and Samuel N. Frankel.
10.58* Indemnification Agreement dated April 11, 1996 by and between AFC
and Matt L. Figel.
66
10.59* Indemnification Agreement dated July 2, 1996 by and between AFC
and Paul H. Farrar.
10.60* Indemnification Agreement dated July 2, 1997 by and between AFC
and Mark J. Doran.
10.61* Indemnification Agreement dated April 11, 1996 by and between AFC
and Frank J. Belatti.
10.62** Credit Agreement dated August 12, 1997, between AFC and Banco
Popular ("Banco Popular") De Puerto Rico for Turnkey Development
program financing.
10.63** Exhibit A (the Budget) of Credit Agreement dated August 12, 1997
between AFC and Banco Popular.
10.64** Exhibit B (Form of Notes) of Credit Agreement dated August 12,
1997 between AFC and Banco Popular.
10.65** Exhibit C (Form of Leasehold Mortgage) of Credit Agreement dated
August 12, 1997 between AFC and Banco Popular.
10.66** Exhibit D (Form of Owned Property Mortgage) of Credit Agreement
dated August 12, 1997 between AFC and Banco Popular.
Exhibit E (Form of Assignment of Contracts) of Credit Agreement
dated August 12, 1997 between AFC and Banco Popular.
10.67** Exhibit F (Form of Environmental Indemnity Agreement) of Credit
Agreement dated August 12, 1997 between AFC and Banco Popular.
10.68** Exhibit G (Form of Borrowing Certificate) of Credit Agreement
dated August 12, 1997 between AFC and Banco Popular.
10.69** Exhibit H (Terms and Conditions of Standard Franchise Loans) of
Credit Agreement dated August 12, 1997 between AFC and Banco
Popular.
10.70** Exhibit I (Terms and Conditions of Popular Plus Loans) of Credit
Agreement dated August 12, 1997 between AFC and Banco Popular.
10.71** Exhibit J (Description of Borrower's "Plus Program") of Credit
Agreement dated August 12, 1997 between AFC and Banco Popular.
10.72** Exhibit K-1 (Franchise Loan Commitment) of Credit Agreement dated
August 12, 1997 between AFC and Banco Popular.
Exhibit K-2 (Forms of Franchise Loan Documents) of Credit
Agreement dated August 12, 1997 between AFC and Banco Popular.
10.73** Form of Chesapeake Bagel Development Agreement
67
10.74** Form of Chesapeake Bagel Franchise Agreement
10.75 Form of Chesapeake Bagel Development Agreement
10.76 Form of Chesapeake Bagel Franchise Agreement
21.1* Subsidiaries of AFC.
23.1* Consent of Riordan & McKinzie (contained in Exhibit 5.1).
23.2* Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP.
23.3* Consent of Technomic, Inc.
23.4* Consent of CREST.
24.1* Power of Attorney.
27.1 Financial Data Schedule
99.1* Form of Letter of Transmittal with respect to the Exchange Offer.
99.2* Form of Notice of Guaranteed Delivery.
______________________
* Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-4
(Registration No. 333-29731) on July 2, 1997 and incorporated by reference
herein.
** Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 7, 1997 on October 21, 1997 and incorporated by reference herein.
(D) REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
None.
68
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to
be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
AFC Enterprises, Inc.
By: /s/ Frank J. Belatti
-----------------------
Frank J. Belatti
Chairman of the Board and
Chief Executive Officer
Date: March 15, 1998
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of
the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signatures Title Date
---------- ----- ----
/s/ Frank J. Belatti Chairman of the board and March 15, 1998
------------------------------
Frank J. Belatti Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ Gerald J. Wilkins Chief Financial Officer March 15, 1998
------------------------------
Gerald J. Wilkins Principal Financial and
Accounting Officer)
/s/ Dick R. Holbrook President, Chief Operating March 15, 1998
------------------------------
Dick R. Holbrook Officer and Director
/s/ Samuel N. Frankel Executive Vice President, March 15, 1998
------------------------------
Samuel N. Frankel Secretary, General Counsel
and Director
/s/ John M. Roth Director March 15, 1998
------------------------------
John M. Roth
/s/ Mark J. Doran Director March 15, 1998
------------------------------
Mark J. Doran
/s/ Paul Farrar Director March 15, 1998
------------------------------
Paul Farrar
69
/s/ Matt L. Figel Director March 15, 1998
------------------------------
Matt L. Figel
/s/ Todd W. Halloran Director March 15, 1998
------------------------------
Todd W. Halloran
/s/ Kelvin J. Pennington Director March 15, 1998
------------------------------
Kelvin J. Pennington
/s/ Ronald P. Spogli Director March 15, 1998
------------------------------
Ronald P. Spogli
/s/ William M. Wardlaw Director March 15, 1998
------------------------------
William M. Wardlaw
70
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
AFC Enterprises, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of AFC Enterprises,
Inc. (a Minnesota corporation) and subsidiary, as of December 29, 1996, and
December 28, 1997, and the related consolidated statements of operations,
changes in shareholders' equity (deficit) and cash flows for the years ended
December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996, and December 28, 1997. These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of AFC Enterprises, Inc. and
subsidiary, as of December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997, and the results of
their operations and their cash flows for the years ended December 31, 1995,
December 29, 1996, and December 28, 1997, in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles.
/s/ ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP
Atlanta, Georgia
February 13, 1998
( Except with respect to the
matters discussed in Note 18, as
to which the date is March 18, 1998)
F-1
AFC ENTERPRISES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1997
-------- --------
ASSETS:
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents.............................. $ 19,216 $ 32,964
Accounts and current notes receivable, net of reserve.. 9,314 8,305
Income taxes refundable................................ - 1,013
Inventories............................................ 3,961 4,447
Deferred income taxes.................................. 684 662
Deposits............................................... 4,206 -
Prepaid expenses and other............................. 1,415 1,539
-------- --------
Total current assets................................ 38,796 48,930
LONG-TERM ASSETS:
Notes receivable, net.................................. 4,836 4,477
Deferred income taxes.................................. 5,307 1,466
Property and equipment, net............................ 189,223 207,807
Other assets........................................... 7,295 17,049
Intangible assets, net................................. 94,211 100,273
-------- --------
Total long-term assets.............................. 300,872 331,072
-------- --------
Total assets................................... $339,668 $380,002
======== ========
LIABILITIES, MANDATORILY REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK AND
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable....................................... $ 18,370 $ 22,123
Bank overdrafts........................................ 10,812 9,707
Current portion of long-term debt and capital
lease obligations................................... 11,753 10,994
Income taxes payable................................... 1,077 -
Accrued interest....................................... 1,654 2,765
Accrued insurance expenses............................. 6,938 5,123
Accrued employee compensation.......................... 6,365 7,114
Accrued employee benefit expenses...................... 7,097 5,767
Other accrued expenses................................. 4,269 3,154
-------- --------
Total current liabilities........................... 68,335 66,747
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES:
Long-term debt, net of current portion................. 121,806 220,150
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion...... 18,234 12,738
Other liabilities...................................... 33,435 31,908
-------- --------
Total long-term liabilities......................... 173,475 264,796
-------- --------
Total liabilities.............................. 241,810 331,543
-------- --------
(Continued)
F-2
AFC ENTERPRISES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (CONTINUED)
As of December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1996 1997
---- ----
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
MANDATORILY REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK:
10% Cumulative Exchangeable Redeemable Preferred Stock
($.01 par value; 1,250,000 shares authorized; 560,000 and 0
issued and outstanding; 39,560 and 0 shares payable in kind;
liquidation value $59,956 and $0, respectively)............... 59,956 -
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Common stock ($.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized;
34,373,653 and 34,448,604 shares issued and outstanding
at period end, respectively).................................. 344 344
Capital in excess of par value................................... 99,482 101,840
Notes receivable - officers, including accrued interest.......... (3,841) (4,402)
Accumulated deficit.............................................. (58,083) (49,323)
-------- --------
Total shareholders' equity.................................... 37,902 48,459
-------- --------
Total liabilities, mandatorily redeemable preferred
stock and shareholders' equity........................... $339,668 $380,002
======== ========
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
F-3
AFC ENTERPRISES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the Years Ended December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996
and December 28, 1997
(In thousands)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For For For
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
December 31, December 29, December 28,
1995 1996 1997
------------- ------------- -------------
(53 Weeks) (52 Weeks) (52 Weeks)
REVENUES:
Restaurant sales............................................. $ 426,707 $ 430,280 $ 403,285
Revenues from franchising.................................... 47,916 51,336 63,650
Revenues from manufacturing.................................. 9,969 11,431 7,647
Other revenues............................................... 8,320 8,005 8,766
---------- ---------- ----------
Total revenues.............................................. 492,912 501,052 483,348
COSTS AND EXPENSES:
Restaurant cost of sales..................................... 139,286 142,199 131,374
Restaurant operating expenses................................ 215,391 212,579 197,803
Manufacturing cost of sales.................................. 7,273 8,867 5,032
General and administrative................................... 80,002 77,614 80,485
Depreciation and amortization................................ 28,665 30,904 33,803
Executive compensation award................................. 10,647 - -
Gain on sale of fixed assets from AFDC transaction........... - - (5,319)
---------- ---------- ----------
Total costs and expenses.................................... 481,264 472,163 443,178
---------- ---------- ----------
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS........................................ 11,648 28,889 40,170
OTHER EXPENSES:
Interest, net................................................ 23,444 15,875 20,645
---------- ---------- ----------
NET INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND
EXTRAORDINARY LOSS........................................... (11,796) 13,014 19,525
Income tax (expense) benefit................................. 2,969 (5,163) (8,525)
---------- ---------- ----------
NET INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE EXTRAORDINARY LOSS................... (8,827) 7,851 11,000
Extraordinary loss on early retirement of debt, (net
of income taxes of $2,673).................................. - (4,456) -
---------- ---------- ----------
NET INCOME (LOSS)............................................. (8,827) 3,395 11,000
8% Preferred Stock dividends.................................. 4,555 1,316 -
10% Preferred Stock dividends payable in kind................. - 3,956 2,240
Accelerated accretion of 8% Preferred Stock
discount upon retirement..................................... - 8,719 -
Accretion of 8% Preferred Stock discount..................... 2,571 813 -
---------- ---------- ----------
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCK................ $ (15,953) $ (11,409) $ 8,760
========== ========== ==========
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
F-4
AFC ENTERPRISES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
For the Years Ended December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996
and December 28, 1997
(In thousands)
________________________________________________________________________________
For For For
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
December 31, December 29, December 28,
1995 1996 1997
------------- ------------- ------------
Common stock:
Balance at beginning of period................ $ 100 $ 100 $ 344
Issuance of common stock...................... - 244 -
-------- -------- --------
Balance at end of period...................... $ 100 $ 344 $ 344
-------- -------- --------
Capital in excess of par value:
Balance at beginning of period................ $ 23,914 $ 24,909 $ 99,482
Issuance of common stock...................... - 73,709 6
Adjust stock issuance cost accrual to actual.. - - 135
Deferred compensation......................... 995 864 2,217
-------- -------- --------
Balance at end of period...................... $ 24,909 $ 99,482 $101,840
-------- -------- --------
Notes receivable - officers:
Balance at beginning of period................ $ - $ - $ (3,841)
Notes receivable additions, net of discount... - (3,593) (202)
Note receivable payments...................... - - 19
Interest receivable........................... - (194) (284)
Amortization of discount...................... - (54) (94)
-------- -------- --------
Balance at end of period...................... $ - $ (3,841) $ (4,402)
-------- -------- --------
Accumulated deficit:
Balance at beginning of period................ $(30,721) $(46,674) $(58,083)
Net income (loss)............................. (8,827) 3,395 11,000
Accretion of 8% Preferred Stock discount...... (2,571) (813) -
Accelerated accretion of 8% Preferred Stock
discount upon retirement..................... - (8,719) -
10% and 8% Preferred Stock dividends.......... (4,555) (5,272) (2,240)
-------- -------- --------
Balance at end of period...................... $(46,674) $(58,083) $(49,323)
-------- -------- --------
Total shareholders' equity (deficit)........... $(21,665) $ 37,902 $ 48,459
======== ======== ========
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
F-5
AFC ENTERPRISES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Years Ended December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996
and December 28, 1997
(In thousands)
________________________________________________________________________________
For For For
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
December 31, December 29, December 28,
1995 1996 1997
------------- ------------- -------------
(53 Weeks) (52 Weeks) (52 Weeks)
CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)................................................. $ (8,827) $ 3,395 $ 11,000
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net
cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization.................................... 28,665 30,904 33,803
Provision for credit losses...................................... 720 816 1,214
(Gain) loss on disposition and retirement of
property, plant and equipment................................. 3,889 3,019 (2,173)
Amortization of notes payable discount........................... 2,505 7,729 -
Amortization of debt issuance costs.............................. - - 886
Notes receivable - officers discount............................. - 876 -
Amortization of notes receivable - officers
discount...................................................... - (54) (94)
Deferred compensation............................................ 995 864 2,217
Deferred tax expense (benefit)................................... (4,870) 380 3,863
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable....................... 3,034 (4,137) (905)
(Increase) decrease in inventories............................... 125 2,154 (487)
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses
and other..................................................... (2,665) 1,694 4,076
(Increase) decrease in other assets.............................. (995) (856) 21
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable.......................... (3,078) 1,101 4,157
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses.......................... 4,101 2,469 (3,097)
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities......................... 4,432 (2,553) (1,966)
-------- -------- --------
Total adjustments............................................. 36,858 44,406 $ 41,515
-------- -------- --------
Net cash provided by operating activities......................... $ 28,031 $ 47,801 $ 52,515
-------- -------- --------
CASH FLOWS USED BY INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from disposition of property
held for sale................................................. $ 3,050 $ 3,158 $ 19,681
Investment in property and equipment.............................. (24,996) (33,951) (42,136)
Investment in trademarks.......................................... - - (14,116)
Notes receivable additions........................................ (196) (136) (2,657)
Payments received on notes........................................ 2,028 1,541 3,446
-------- -------- --------
Net cash used by investing activities............................. $(20,114) $(29,388) $(35,782)
-------- -------- --------
(Continued)
F-6
AFC ENTERPRISES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
For the Years Ended December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996
and December 28, 1997
(In thousands)
________________________________________________________________________________
For For For
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
December 31, December 29, December 28,
1995 1996 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
(53 Weeks) (52 Weeks) (52 Weeks)
CASH FLOWS USED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Principal payments of long-term debt............................. $ (3,743) $(69,054) $(128,365)
Proceeds from long-term debt..................................... - - 50,000
Proceeds from subordinated notes................................. - - 175,000
Increase (decrease) in bank overdrafts, net...................... (151) 2,729 (1,105)
Principal payments for capital lease obligations................. (2,347) (3,904) (25,182)
Redemption of 10% preferred stock................................ - - (59,957)
Notes receivable additions to officers........................... - (4,469) (202)
Notes receivable officers payments............................... - - 19
Notes receivable officers accrued interest....................... - (194) (284)
Issuance of common stock......................................... - 70,205 6
Stock issuance costs............................................. - (6,115) -
Debt issuance costs.............................................. - - (10,675)
Preferred stock dividends paid................................... (4,480) (2,004) (2,240)
-------- -------- ---------
Net cash used by financing activities............................ (10,721) (12,806) (2,985)
-------- -------- ---------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents.............. (2,804) 5,607 13,748
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning
of the period................................................... 16,413 13,609 19,216
-------- -------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period.................... $ 13,609 $ 19,216 $ 32,964
======== ======== =========
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OFCASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash interest paid (net of capitalized amounts)................... $ 21,940 $ 13,763 $19,579
Cash paid for income taxes........................................ 1,862 2,060 6,747
NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Capital lease additions........................................... $ 14,049 $ 12,404 $20,485
Retirement of 8% Preferred Stock (See Note 2)..................... - (56,000) -
Issuance of 10% Preferred Stock (See Note 2)...................... - 56,000 -
Issuance of common stock to executives in connection
with Executive Compensation Award (See Note 16)................. - 10,000 -
F-7
AFC ENTERPRISES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For the Years Ended December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996
and December 28, 1997
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of AFC
Enterprises, Inc., a Minnesota corporation, and its wholly-owned subsidiary, AFC
Properties, Inc., a Georgia corporation. All significant intercompany balances
and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated entity is
referred to herein as "AFC" or "the Company".
Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation
The Company operates and franchises quick-service restaurants under the
primary trade names of Popeyes Chicken & Biscuits ("Popeyes"), Churchs Chicken
("Churchs") and Chesapeake Bagel Bakery ("Chesapeake"). The following table
outlines the number of restaurants operated by the Company and franchised by
brand at the end of the indicated periods:
December 31, December 29, December 28,
1995 1996 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
Popeyes:
Domestic-Company-operated.. 117 120 119
Domestic-Franchised........ 772 774 830
International-Franchised... 75 127 182
----- ----- -----
Total.................... 964 1,021 1,131
===== ===== =====
Churchs:
Domestic-Company-operated.. 589 622 480
Domestic-Franchised........ 364 367 590
International-Franchised... 266 268 286
----- ----- -----
Total.................... 1,219 1,257 1,356
===== ===== =====
Chesapeake:
Domestic-Company-operated.. - - 1
Domestic-Franchised........ - - 154
International-Franchised... - - -
----- ----- -----
Total.................... - - 155
===== ===== =====
F-8
A substantial portion of the domestic Company-operated restaurants are
located in the South and Southwest areas of the United States. The Company does
not currently own or operate any restaurants outside of the United States. The
Company's international franchisees operate primarily in Mexico, Canada, Puerto
Rico and numerous countries in Asia.
On May 5, 1997, the Company acquired from the American Bagel Company all of
the intangible assets related to the franchise business of Chesapeake Bagel
Bakery, a bagel bakery and restaurant chain. As a result of this acquisition,
the Company became the franchisor of 158 franchised Chesapeake restaurants (See
Note 17).
On March 18, 1998, the Company acquired all of Seattle Coffee Company's
common stock. As a result of this transaction, the Company acquired 58 Company-
operated cafes and 10 franchised cafes under the Seattle's Best and Torrefazione
Italia brands, a wholesale business including 13 offices and more than 5,000
accounts and a Chicago distribution center which is scheduled to open in mid
1998 (See Note 18).
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. These
estimates affect the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses
during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Certain items in the prior period financial statements, and notes thereto,
have been reclassified to conform with the current presentation. The Company has
a 52/53-week fiscal year ending on the last Sunday in December. The 1995, 1996
and 1997 fiscal years consisted of 53, 52 and 52 weeks, respectively.
In June 1997, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131,
"Disclosure About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information" (FAS 131"),
was issued. FAS 131 establishes standards for reporting information about
operating segments in annual and interim financial statements. FAS 131 is
effective for financial statements for periods beginning after December 15,
1997 and will only impact the presentation of the financial statements for such
future periods.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all money market investment instruments and
certificates of deposit with maturities of three months or less to be cash
equivalents for the purpose of preparing the accompanying statements of cash
flows. At December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997, cash
equivalents included $6.4 million, $10.9 million and $23.2 million,
respectively, of domestic commercial paper.
The Company does not believe it is exposed to any significant credit risk
on money market investments with commercial banks, because its policy is to make
such deposits only with highly rated institutions.
Bank overdrafts represent checks issued on zero balance bank accounts which
do not have a formal right of offset against the Company's other bank accounts.
These amounts have
F-9
not yet cleared the bank and are presented as a current liability in the
accompanying financial statements.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable consists primarily of amounts due from franchisees
related to royalties, rents and miscellaneous equipment sales. The accounts
receivable balances are stated net of reserves for doubtful accounts.
A summary of changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts is as follows
(in thousands):
December 31, December 29, December 28,
1995 1996 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
Balance, beginning of period.. $ 2,093 $ 2,078 $ 1,457
Provisions.................... 720 816 2,423
Recoveries.................... 101 1,193 340
Write-offs.................... (836) (2,630) (180)
------ ------- ------
Balance, end of period........ $2,078 $ 1,457 $4,040
====== ======= ======
Notes Receivable
Notes receivable consists primarily of notes from franchisees and third
parties to finance acquisitions of certain restaurants from the Company and to
finance certain past due royalties, rents, interest or other amounts due. The
Company has also provided financial support to certain franchisees in converting
their restaurants to the Popeyes concept. The current portion of notes
receivable of $0.6 million and $0.8 million, as of December 29, 1996 and
December 28, 1997, respectively, are included in current accounts and notes
receivable. The notes receivable balances are stated net of allowances for
uncollectibility. The negative provision of $1.2 million in 1997 relates to
several fully reserved notes that were ultimately collected in 1997.
A summary of changes in the allowance for uncollectible notes is as follows
(in thousands):
December 31, December 29, December 28,
1995 1996 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
Balance, beginning of period.. $ 4,618 $ 3,371 $ 1,871
Provisions.................... - - (1,209)
Recoveries.................... 11 20 232
Write-offs.................... (1,258) (1,520) (310)
------- ------- -------
Balance, end of period........ $ 3,371 $ 1,871 $ 584
======= ======= =======
F-10
Inventories
Inventories, consisting primarily of food items, packaging materials, and
restaurant equipment, are stated at the lower of cost (determined on a first-in,
first-out basis) or market.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is stated at cost, including capitalized interest
and overhead incurred throughout the construction period for certain assets.
Provisions for depreciation and amortization are made principally on the
straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or, in the
case of leases, the term of the applicable lease, if shorter. The ranges of
estimated useful lives used in computing depreciation and amortization are as
follows:
Asset Classification Number of Years
-------------------- ---------------
Buildings.............................. 7 - 20
Equipment.............................. 3 - 8
Leasehold improvements................. 3 - 15
Capital lease buildings and equipment.. 3 - 20
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consist primarily of franchise value and trademarks and
reorganization value in excess of amounts allocable to identifiable assets
("Goodwill"). These assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis. The
estimated useful lives used in computing amortization are as follows:
Asset Classification Number of Years
-------------------- ---------------
Franchise value and trademarks......... 20 - 35
Goodwill............................... 20
Other.................................. 10 - 20
Long-Lived Assets
Management periodically reviews the performance of restaurant properties.
If it is determined that a restaurant will be closed, a provision is made to
adjust the carrying value of the restaurant's property and equipment to net
realizable values. Property held for sale includes closed restaurant properties
and other corporate property held for sale and is recorded at its estimated net
realizable value.
In 1995, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 121 ("SFAS No. 121"), "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
and for Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of". It is the Company's policy to
evaluate (i) operating restaurant properties on a market basis, (ii) other
assets such as assets held for sale and income producing assets on an individual
property basis and (iii) identifiable intangible assets based on the cash flows
from the underlying operations which generated the intangible asset. The
identifiable cash flows of long-lived assets and their carrying values were
compared to estimates of the
F-11
recoverability of the asset values. No significant impairment losses were
recorded in 1995, 1996 or 1997 resulting from the implementation of SFAS No.
121.
Stock-Based Employee Compensation
In October 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation" ("SFAS No. 123"). This standard defines a fair value based
method of accounting for an employee stock option or similar equity instrument.
SFAS No. 123 gives entities a choice of recognizing related compensation expense
by adopting the new fair value method or to continue to measure compensation
using the intrinsic value approach under APB No. 25. If APB No. 25 is used by
an entity, SFAS No. 123 requires supplemental disclosure to show the effects of
using SFAS No. 123 for stock option issuances effective after December 15, 1994.
The Company continues to account for stock options under APB No. 25. Had
compensation expense for all of the Company's stock option plans been determined
consistent with SFAS No. 123, the Company's net income (loss) would have been
reduced or (increased) to the following pro forma amounts (in thousands):
For For For
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
December 31, December 29, December 28,
1995 1996 1997
------------- ------------ ------------
Net income (loss):
As reported....... $(8,827) $3,395 $11,000
Pro Forma......... (8,827) 3,310 11,528
Because the SFAS No. 123 method of accounting has not been applied to
options issued prior to December 15, 1994, the resulting pro forma compensation
expense may not be representative of that to be expected in future years. The
fair value of options granted in 1995 was calculated to be zero under the
"minimum value" method described below; therefore, the net loss for the year
ended December 31, 1995 would not have been affected by SFAS No. 123.
The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using the
"minimum value" method with the following weighted-average assumptions used for
grants in 1995, 1996 and 1997: risk-free interest rate of approximately 6.0%;
expected lives of approximately 12 years, 10 years and 7 years for the 1992
Stock Option Plan, the 1996 Performance-based Stock Option Plan and the 1996
Stock Option Plan, respectively (See Note 11).
Revenues from Franchising
The Company generates revenues from franchising through the following
agreements with its franchisees:
FRANCHISE AGREEMENTS. In general, the Company's franchise agreements
provide for the payment of a franchise fee for each opened franchised
restaurant. The franchise agreements also generally require the franchisees
F-12
to pay a royalty ranging from 4% to 5% to the Company and an advertising
fund contribution of 3% for Popeyes, 4% for Churchs and 1% for Chesapeake
based on net restaurant sales. Certain franchise agreements provide for
lower royalties and advertising fund contributions.
DOMESTIC DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENTS. Domestic development agreements provide
for the development of a specified number of restaurants within a defined
domestic geographic territory in accordance with a schedule of restaurant
opening dates. Development schedules generally cover three to five years
and typically have benchmarks for the number of restaurants to be opened
and in operation at six to twelve month intervals. Development agreement
payments are made when the agreement is executed and are nonrefundable.
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENTS. International development agreements
are similar to domestic development agreements but pertain to franchised
restaurants in jurisdictions outside of the United States. In that regard,
these agreements include provisions to address the international aspects of
the franchise agreement (foreign currency exchange, taxation, dispute
resolution, etc.). These agreements generally include a territorial fee
related to establishing the franchise in a new country. International
development agreement payments and related territorial fees are received
when the agreement is executed and are nonrefundable.
Franchise fees, domestic development fees and international development
fees are recorded as deferred revenues when received and are recognized as
revenue when the restaurants covered by the fees are opened and/or all material
services or conditions relating to the fees have been substantially performed or
satisfied by the Company. Royalties, are recorded as revenues by the Company
when the restaurant sales by the franchisee occurs.
Revenues from Manufacturing
The Company's revenues from manufacturing consist primarily of sales of
proprietary gas fryers and other custom-fabricated restaurant equipment from its
manufacturing business to distributors and franchisees.
Other Revenues
The Company's other revenues consist of net rental income from properties
owned and leased by the Company which are leased or subleased to franchisees and
third parties and interest income earned on notes receivable from franchisees
and third parties.
Self-Insurance Programs
The Company maintains insurance plans for general and auto liability
insurance, employee medical insurance and workers' compensation insurance,
except for workers' compensation liabilities in the state of Texas, where the
Company is self-insured against such liabilities. All of the Company's insurance
programs, including its self-insured liabilities, have provisions which limit
the Company's exposure on a per-incident basis.
F-13
The Company has established reserves with respect to the above described
programs based on the estimated total losses the Company will experience. The
portion of the reserves for the amount of claims expected to be settled during
the succeeding year are included in accrued expenses in the accompanying balance
sheets, and the balance of the reserves are included in other liabilities. The
Company's insurance reserves are partially collateralized by letters of credit
and/or cash deposits.
International Operations
As of December 28, 1997, the Company franchises 468 restaurants to
franchisees in 23 foreign countries and plans to expand its foreign franchising
program significantly in the future. The Company does not own any property,
operate any restaurants or have equity ownership in any companies that are
located in foreign countries. Included in the Company's revenues are foreign
franchise royalties and other fees that are based, in part, on sales generated
by its foreign franchised restaurants, including a significant number of
franchised restaurants in Asia. Therefore, the Company is exposed, to a limited
degree, to changes in international economic conditions and currency
fluctuations. The Company has not historically and did not at the end of 1997
maintain any hedges against foreign currency fluctuations. Losses recorded by
the Company during the past three years related to foreign currency fluctuations
have not been material to the Company's results of operations. For fiscal years
1995, 1996 and 1997, royalties and other revenues from foreign franchisees
represented 2.2%, 2.4% and 2.4%, respectively, of total revenues of the Company.
2. EQUITY INVESTMENT
On April 11, 1996 ("Closing"), a private investor group (the "Investor
Group") and the Company executed a stock purchase agreement in which the
Investor Group purchased approximately 21.1 million shares of AFC common stock
for a purchase price of $70.0 million (the "Recapitalization"). As a result of
this purchase, the Investor Group became the majority common shareholder of AFC
with 58.33 percent of the Company's common stock on a fully diluted basis.
With the proceeds from the sale of common stock, the Company retired
approximately $64.0 million of its Tranche A and B debt and paid transaction
fees in the amount of approximately $6.0 million. The remaining Tranche A and B
debt was refinanced into a new term loan and the Company's 8% Preferred Stock
was exchanged for new 10% Preferred Stock. The new 10% Preferred Stock was
subsequently repaid pursuant to a debt offering completed in May 1997 (Note 8 of
these financial statements discusses these transactions in more detail).
3. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value
of each class of financial instruments held by the Company:
Current assets and current liabilities: The carrying value approximates
fair value due to the short term maturity of these items.
Long-term notes receivable: The fair value of long-term notes receivable
approximates the carrying value as management believes the respective interest
rates are commensurate with the
F-14
credit and interest rate risks involved. In addition, management maintains
reserves for doubtful note receivable accounts (See Note 1).
Long-term debt: The fair value of the Company's Term Loans, Lines of Credit
and Other notes (See Note 8) are based on secondary market indicators. Since
these debt instruments are not quoted, estimates are based on each obligation's
characteristics, including remaining maturities, interest rate, credit rating,
collateral, amortization schedule and liquidity. The carrying value approximates
fair value. The fair value of the Company's 10.25% Senior Subordinated Notes
(See Note 8) is based on quoted market prices.
The carrying amount and fair value of the Company's 10.25% Senior
Subordinated Notes at December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997 are as follows (in
thousands):
1996 1997
------------------- ---------------------
Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
Value Value Value Value
-------- ----- -------- ------
10.25% Senior
Subordinated Notes $ - $ - $175,000 $184,625
4. INVENTORIES
The major components of inventory are as follows (in thousands):
December 29, December 28,
1996 1997
------------ ------------
Food items, food preparation
and packaging materials............................ $ 2,578 $ 2,390
Restaurant equipment................................. 1,383 2,057
-------- --------
$ 3,961 $ 4,447
======== ========
F-15
5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
The major components of property and equipment are as follows (in
thousands):
December 29, December 28,
1996 1997
------------ ------------
Owned properties:
Land............................. $ 44,933 $ 40,491
Buildings........................ 67,526 65,423
Equipment........................ 79,951 113,715
Leasehold improvements........... 36,384 42,260
Construction work in process..... 4,892 5,336
Properties held for sale......... 5,116 2,960
Capital leases:
Buildings........................ 4,238 3,863
Equipment........................ 24,336 21,514
-------- --------
267,376 295,562
Less: accumulated depreciation and
amortization................. 78,153 87,755
-------- --------
$189,223 $207,807
======== ========
Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment was
approximately $22.8 million, $25.0 million and $27.2 million for the years ended
December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997, respectively.
6. INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):
December 29, December 28,
1996 1997
------------ ------------
Franchise value and trademarks.... $110,000 $124,116
Goodwill.......................... 5,642 4,765
Other............................. 3,729 2,771
-------- --------
119,371 131,652
Less: accumulated amortization.. 25,160 31,379
-------- --------
$ 94,211 $100,273
======== ========
Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 1995, December 29,
1996 and December 28, 1997, was approximately $5.9 million, $5.9 million and
$6.6 million, respectively.
F-16
7. OTHER LIABILITIES
A summary of other liabilities is as follows (in thousands):
December 29, December 28,
1996 1997
------------ ------------
Insurance reserves............ $11,928 $11,015
Deferred franchise revenues... 4,743 7,143
Litigation and environmental.. 9,267 7,393
Other......................... 7,497 6,357
------- -------
$33,435 $31,908
======= =======
8. LONG-TERM DEBT
As a result of the Recapitalization (See Note 2), the Company's term loan
and revolving line of credit agreements with Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce
("CIBC") were amended and restated effective April 11, 1996. In connection
therewith, the Company wrote off the unamortized balances of debt discounts
associated with the Tranche A and B term loans and other unamortized debt-
related costs. The write-off of such balances is included as an extraordinary
loss in the accompanying statements of operations. A new credit agreement was
entered into in conjunction with the Recapitalization (the "1996 Term Loan")
whereby the remaining indebtedness after repayment of approximately $64.0
million of Tranche A and B term debt was refinanced into a new term loan and
revolving credit facility. Debt issuance costs of $0.2 million were incurred
during the refinancing.
In May 1997, the Company completed a debt offering of $175.0 million of
Senior Subordinated Notes (the "Notes") under Rule 144A of the Securities Act of
1933, as amended (the "Rule 144A Offering"). In connection with the Rule 144A
Offering, the Company also entered into a new $175.0 million Senior Secured
Credit Facility (the "1997 Credit Facility") whereby the Company was provided
with a $50.0 million term loan (the "1997 Term Loan"), a $25.0 million revolving
credit facility ("Revolving Facility") and a $100.0 million facility to be used
for future acquisitions ("Acquisition Facility"). The 1997 Term Loan and the
Notes were funded at closing, providing $225.0 million which was used to repay
the existing balances under the Company's 1996 Term Loan, repay and retire the
10% Preferred Stock, repay certain capital lease obligations, pay fees and
expenses associated with the above described transactions and provide working
capital.
F-17
A summary of the Company's long-term debt is as follows (in thousands):
December 29, December 28,
1996 1997
------------ ------------
Term Loans:
1997 Term Loan................. $ - $ 49,000
1996 Term Loan................. 127,139 -
Lines of Credit:
Revolving Facility............. - -
Acquisition Facility........... - -
10.25% Senior Subordinated Notes.. - 175,000
Other notes....................... 1,072 1,143
-------- --------
128,211 225,143
Less: current maturities..... 6,405 4,993
-------- --------
$121,806 $220,150
======== ========
The following is a schedule of the aggregate maturities of long-term debt
as of December 28, 1997, for each of the succeeding five years and thereafter
(dollars in thousands):
YEAR AMOUNT
---- ------
1998..................................... $ 4,993
1999..................................... 7,637
2000..................................... 12,275
2001..................................... 7,698
2002..................................... 17,540
Thereafter............................... 175,000
--------
$225,143
========
The Company's 1997 Term Loan and certain letter of credit facilities
described below were provided by various financial institutions some of which
hold a minority of the common stock of the Company.
1997 Credit Facility
The 1997 Credit Facility bears interest, at the Company's election, at
either (i) a defined base rate plus 1.25% per annum or (ii) LIBOR plus 2.25%
per annum, subject to reduction based on the achievement of certain leverage
ratio levels commencing on the first anniversary of the closing of the 1997
Credit Facility. At December 28, 1997, the interest rate ranged from 7.97 to
8.13 percent. The Company is obligated to pay commitment fees of 0.5% per annum
(subject to reduction based on the achievement of certain leverage ratio levels,
commencing on the first anniversary of the closing of the 1997 Credit Facility)
on the unused portions of the Acquisition Facility and the Revolving Facility
from time to time, as well as a customary annual agent's fee. Fees relating to
the issuance of letters of credit under the Revolving Facility will include a
fee equal to the then applicable margin over LIBOR plus a fronting fee of 0.25%
per annum (payable
F-18
to the issuing institution) based on the face amount of letters of credit, plus
standard issuance and administrative charges.
The 1997 Term Loan is payable in quarterly installments ranging from $1.0
to $7.5 million beginning September 1997 and matures in June 2002.
In addition to the scheduled amortization, the Company is required to make
prepayments on the 1997 Credit Facility under certain conditions, including
without limitation, upon certain asset sales or issuance of debt or equity
securities. The Company is also required to make annual prepayments on the 1997
Credit Facility in an amount equal to a percentage of excess cash flow (as
defined) beginning with fiscal year 1998. During the fiscal year ended December
28, 1997, there were no prepayments required to be made by the Company under the
agreement.
The Company may borrow under the Acquisition Facility from time to time
through the second anniversary of the closing. Amounts outstanding under the
Acquisition Facility on the second anniversary of the closing will be converted
to a term loan due in full on the fifth anniversary of the closing. In addition,
the Company will be required to make scheduled annual amortization payments on
the term portion of the Acquisition Facility. At December 28, 1997, there were
no outstanding borrowings under the Acquisition Facility.
Under the terms of the Revolving Facility, the Company may borrow and
obtain letters of credit up to an aggregate of $25.0 million. At December 28,
1997, there were no short-term borrowings outstanding and $13.1 million of
outstanding letters of credit leaving unused revolving credit available for
short-term borrowings and letters of credit of $11.9 million.
The 1997 Credit Facility is secured by a first priority security interest
in substantially all of the Company's assets (subject to certain exceptions).
Any future material subsidiaries of the Company will be required to guarantee
the 1997 Credit Facility and the Company will be required to pledge the stock of
such subsidiaries to secure the facility.
The 1997 Credit Facility contains certain financial covenants, including,
but not limited to, covenants related to minimum fixed charge coverage, minimum
cash interest coverage and maximum leverage. In addition, the 1997 Credit
Facility contains other affirmative and negative covenants relating to, among
other things, limitations on capital expenditures, other indebtedness, liens,
investments, guarantees, restricted junior payments (dividends, redemptions and
payments on subordinated debt), mergers and acquisitions, sales of assets,
leases and transactions with affiliates. The 1997 Credit Facility contains
customary events of default, including certain changes of control of the
Company. At December 28, 1997, the Company was in compliance with all covenants.
10.25% Senior Subordinated Notes
In August 1997, the Notes issued pursuant to the Rule 144A Offering
were exchanged for $175.0 million of publicly registered 10.25% Senior
Subordinated Notes (the "Senior Notes"). The Senior Notes contain substantially
the same provisions as the Notes. The Senior Notes bear interest at 10.25
percent per annum and interest will be due and payable on May 15 and November 15
of each year, commencing on November 15, 1997. The Senior Notes mature on May
15, 2007 and will not be redeemable prior to May 15, 2002. On or after such
date, the Senior Notes will be
F-19
subject to redemption, at the option of the Company, in whole or in part, at any
time before maturity. The Senior Notes are redeemable at prices set forth in the
agreement, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption.
The Senior Notes are unsecured and rank subordinate in right of payment to
all existing and future Senior Indebtedness, as defined, of the Company
including all indebtedness under the 1997 Credit Facility and the Company's
capital lease obligations.
The Indenture restricts, among other things, the ability of the Company and
its subsidiaries a) to incur additional indebtedness and subsidiary preferred
stock, b) to sell assets and to use the proceeds from asset sales, c) to engage
in certain transactions with affiliates and d) to pay dividends, make certain
investments and make other restricted payments, as defined. At December 28,
1997, the Company was in compliance with all covenants.
Debt Issuance Costs
In connection with the 1997 Credit Facility and the Notes, the Company
incurred approximately $10.7 million in debt issuance costs which were
capitalized. These costs are being amortized into interest expense over a period
of 5 to 10 years. Amortization is calculated using the straight-line method. The
unamortized balance is included in other assets in the accompanying balance
sheets.
9. LEASES
The Company maintains leases covering restaurant land and building
properties, computer software, hardware and other equipment which expire on
various dates through 2016 and generally require additional payments for
property taxes, insurance and maintenance. Certain leases provide for rentals
based upon a percentage of sales by Company-operated restaurants in addition to
the minimum annual rental payments. Future minimum payments under capital and
operating leases, as of December 28, 1997 are as follows (in thousands):
Capital Operating
Leases Leases
------- ---------
1998............................................. $ 7,628 $10,360
1999............................................. 6,330 8,728
2000............................................. 4,178 7,483
2001............................................. 1,985 6,762
2002............................................. 495 5,896
Thereafter....................................... 3,560 16,652
------- -------
Future minimum lease payments............... 24,176 $55,881
=======
Less: amounts representing interest......... 5,437
-------
Total obligations under capital leases...... 18,739
Less: current portion....................... 6,001
-------
Long-term obligations under capital leases.. $12,738
=======
F-20
On August 29, 1997, the Company repaid certain capital lease obligations
totaling $16.7 million. The Company used a portion of the proceeds from the
refinancing transaction that took place during the second quarter of 1997 to
repay these capital lease obligations (See Note 8).
Rent expense for operating leases for the fiscal years ended December 31,
1995, December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997, amounted to $10.8 million, $9.9
million and $11.0 million, respectively, including percentage rents of $0.6
million, $0.7 million and $0.7 million, respectively.
As of December 28, 1997, the Company leases restaurant properties with an
aggregate book value of $17.1 million to certain franchisees and others. Some of
these properties are owned by the Company and others are leased from third
parties. Rental income from these leases was approximately $7.0 million, $6.4
million and $7.5 million for the fiscal years ended in 1995, 1996 and 1997,
respectively, and was primarily based upon a percentage of restaurant sales. The
lease terms under these agreements expire on various dates through 2027.
10. INCOME TAXES
The components of income tax expense (benefit) included in the statements
of operations are as follows (dollars in thousands):
For For For
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
December 31, December 29, December 28,
1995 1996 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
Current income tax expense consists of:
Federal..................................... $ 210 $ 363 $ 1,557
State/foreign............................... 1,691 1,747 3,105
------- ------- --------
Total.................................... 1,901 2,110 4,662
------- ------- --------
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
consists of:
Federal..................................... (4,322) 1,857 4,338
State....................................... (548) (1,477) (475)
------- ------- --------
Total.................................... (4,870) 380 3,863
------- ------- --------
Income tax expense (benefit)............. $(2,969) $ 2,490 $ 8,525
======= ======= ========
The Company does not currently own or participate in the ownership of any
material non-U.S. operations and does not file income tax returns with any
foreign jurisdictions. However, applicable foreign withholding taxes are
generally deducted from royalties and certain other revenues collected from
international franchisees. Foreign taxes withheld are eligible for credit
against the Company's U.S. income tax liabilities.
F-21
A reconciliation of the Federal statutory income tax rate to the Company's
effective tax rate is as follows:
For For For
Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended
December 31, December 29, December 28,
1995 1996 1997
------------ ------------ ------------
Statutory Federal income tax expense
(benefit) rate................... (34.0%) 34.0% 35.0%
Non-deductible expenses............... 1.9 3.7 2.4
State/foreign income tax expense...... 5.8 4.6 4.2
Other................................. 1.1 - 2.0
------------ ------------ ------------
Effective income tax expense
(benefit) rate.............. (25.2%) 42.3% 43.6%
============ ============ ============
Significant components of the Company's net deferred tax asset and net
deferred tax liability were as follows (dollars in thousands):
December 29, December 28,
1996 1997
------------ ------------
Current deferred tax asset (liability):
Accrued vacation............................... $ 684 $ 582
Other accruals................................. - 80
-------- --------
Total current deferred tax asset.......... 684 662
-------- --------
Noncurrent deferred tax asset (liability):
Franchise value and trademarks................. $(32,683) $(30,639)
Property, plant and equipment.................. 1,845 3,171
Net operating loss and tax credit
carryforwards............................. 16,288 7,485
Deferred compensation.......................... 1,078 1,909
Insurance accruals............................. 7,873 6,944
Litigation/environmental accruals.............. 3,509 2,774
Reorganization costs........................... 4,427 4,427
Allowance for doubtful accounts and
uncollectible notes....................... 1,255 1,515
Deferred franchise fee revenue................. 1,779 2,679
Other items, net............................... (64) 1,201
-------- --------
Net noncurrent deferred tax asset......... 5,307 1,466
-------- --------
Net deferred tax asset.................... $ 5,991 $ 2,128
======== ========
F-22
Based on management's assessment, it is more likely than not that the net
deferred tax assets will be realized through future reversals of existing
temporary differences and future taxable income.
As of December 28, 1997, the Company has recognized net operating losses
("NOLs") and tax credit carryforwards in the amounts of $7.7 million and $3.8
million, respectively, against its net deferred tax liabilities. The Company's
NOLs of $7.7 million expire in 2005, and the $3.8 million of tax credit
carryforwards expire from 2001 through 2012. The Internal Revenue Service has
not reviewed the Company's federal income tax returns for years past 1990.
On November 5, 1992, the Company acquired its current business from a
debtor in a bankruptcy reorganization. This reorganization constituted an
"ownership change" under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as
amended. As a result, utilization of the pre-November 5, 1992 NOLs and tax
credit carryforwards is subject to an annual limit of approximately $4.0 million
of NOLs or $1.4 million of credits (but not both). The Company believes that the
Section 382 limitations arising from the November 5, 1992 ownership change or
any subsequent ownership changes should not prevent the ultimate utilization of
any existing NOLs and tax credit carryforwards arising both before and after
November 5, 1992.
11. STOCK OPTION PLANS
The 1992 Stock Option Plan
The 1992 Stock Option Plan is a nonqualified stock option plan authorizing
the issuance of options to purchase approximately 1.8 million shares of the
Company's common stock. The options currently granted and outstanding allow
certain officers of the Company to purchase approximately 1.8 million shares of
common stock at $0.08 per share and are exercisable at various dates beginning
January 1, 1994. If not exercised, the options expire 15 years after the date of
issuance. The options issued in 1992 under the 1992 Stock Option Plan were
issued with option exercise prices below market value of the Company's common
stock. In prior years, compensation expense of approximately $2.4 million
related to certain options was being amortized over their respective vesting
periods of 25.0 percent per year. During 1995, the Company accelerated the
vesting of options granted to certain officers. In connection with this
accelerated vesting, the Company recorded approximately $0.6 million of
compensation expense in 1995 (See Note 16). For the fiscal year ended December
29, 1996, the Company recognized an immaterial amount of compensation expense
related to certain of these options. For the year ended December 28, 1997, the
Company did not recognize any compensation expense related to these options. As
of December 28, 1997, 1,527,854 options were exercisable.
Pursuant to certain anti-dilution provisions, in April 1996, the 1992 Stock
Option Plan was amended whereby the option price was reduced from $0.10 per
share to $0.08 per share. In connection with the price reduction per share,
approximately 0.4 million additional options were issued to the officers
currently holding options under this plan. The Company did not recognize
compensation expense with respect to the reduction of the option price and the
issuance of the 0.4 million options.
F-23
The 1996 Performance-Based Stock Option Plan
In April 1996, the Company executed the Nonqualified Performance Stock
Option Plan ("1996 Performance-Based Stock Option Plan"). This plan currently
authorizes the issuance of approximately 2.7 million options to purchase one
share each of AFC's common stock at prices ranging from $3.317 to $4.95 per
share. At December 28, 1997, the weighted average exercise price was $3.41 per
share. The options currently granted and outstanding allow certain employees of
the Company to purchase approximately 2.7 million shares of common stock.
Vesting, as defined in the stock option agreement, is based upon the Company
achieving annual levels of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and
amortization, as defined in the stock option agreement, over fiscal year periods
beginning with fiscal year 1996 and ending with fiscal year 2000. If not
exercised, the options expire ten years from the date of issuance. At December
28, 1997, the weighted average contractual life of these options was 8.5 years.
Under this plan, compensation expense will be determined and recorded when and
if the employees vest in their respective options. During the fiscal year ended
December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997, the Company recorded approximately $0.8
million and $2.2 million, respectively, in compensation expense related to the
options which vested in 1996 and 1997 under this plan. As of December 28, 1997,
1,051,358 options were exercisable.
The 1996 Stock Option Plan
Also in April 1996, the Company executed the Nonqualified Stock Option Plan
("1996 Stock Option Plan"). This plan authorizes the issuance of approximately
1.8 million options. The Company granted approximately 0.3 million options in
1996 at $3.317 per share whereby the compensation expense associated with this
grant was immaterial. In 1997, the Company granted approximately 0.3 million
options at $4.95 per share, which was the market value of the Company's common
stock at the date of grant. At December 28, 19978, the weighted average price
per share was $4.11. The options currently granted and outstanding allow certain
employees of the Company to purchase approximately 0.6 million shares of common
stock, which vest at 25% per year beginning April 1997. If not exercised, the
options expire seven years from the date of issuance. At December 28, 1997, the
weighted average contractual life of these options was 6.1 years. As of December
28, 1997, 84,100 options were exercisable.
F-24
A Summary of Plan Activity
A summary of the status of the Company's three stock option plans at
December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997 and changes during the years is
presented in the table and narrative below:
1996 1997
----------------- -----------------
Shares Wtd.Avg. Shares Wtd.Avg.
(000's) Ex.Price (000's) Ex.Price
------- -------- ------- --------
Outstanding at beginning of year................. 1,397 $ .10 4,643 $ 2.06
Granted options................................. 3,413 2.93 496 4.95
Exercised options............................... (5) .08 (75) .08
Forfeited options............................... (162) 3.32 (51) 2.61
------ ------
Outstanding at end of year...................... 4,643 2.06 5,013 2.36
------ ------
Exercisable at end of year...................... 2,063 .84 2,663 1.48
Weighted average fair value of options granted
(See Note 1)................................ $ 1.65 $ 1.69
Approximately 3.0 million and 0.5 million options granted in 1996 and 1997,
respectively, were at prices that equaled the market price of the common stock
at the grant date.
12. OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Pre-Tax Savings and Investment Plan
The Company maintains a qualified employee benefit plan under Section
401(k) of the Code for the benefit of employees meeting certain eligibility
requirements. Under the plan, employees may contribute up to 16.0 percent of
their eligible compensation to the plan on a pre-tax basis and the Company may
make both voluntary and matching contributions to the plan. The Company expensed
approximately $0.2 million during 1995, 1996 and 1997 for its contributions to
the plan.
Executive Retirement and Benefit Plans
During 1994, the Company adopted a nonqualified retirement, disability and
death benefit plan for certain employees. Retirement benefits under this plan
are unfunded and cover certain executive officers. Annual benefits are equal to
30 percent of the executive's average base compensation for the five years
preceding retirement. The benefits are payable in 120 equal monthly installments
following the executive officers' retirement date. Death benefits under this
plan cover certain executive officers and are up to five times the officer's
base compensation during the time of employment. The Company has the discretion
to increase the employee's death benefits. Death benefits are funded by split
dollar life insurance arrangements. The accumulated benefit obligation related
to this plan was approximately $0.7 million, $1.0 million
F-25
and $1.2 million as of December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996 and December 28,
1997, respectively.
Expense for the retirement plan for the years ended December 31, 1995,
December 29, 1996, and December 28, 1997, was approximately $0.3 million, $0.3
million and $0.2 million, respectively.
The Company's assumptions used in determining the plan cost and liabilities
include a discount rate of seven and one-half percent per annum in 1995, 1996
and 1997 and a five percent rate of salary progression in 1995, 1996 and 1997.
The Company also provides post-retirement medical benefits (including
dental coverage) for certain retirees and their spouses. This benefit begins on
the date of retirement and ends after 120 months or upon the death of both
parties. The accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation for the plan as of
December 29, 1996, and December 28, 1997, was approximately $0.3 million and
$0.2 million, respectively, and the net periodic expense for the medical
coverage continuation plan for 1995, 1996 and 1997 was approximately $44,000 and
$71,000, and $204,500, respectively.
13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In 1995 and 1996 the Company received legal services from a law firm
associated with a member of the Company's Board of Directors. During the fiscal
years ended December 31, 1995 and December 29, 1996, the total amount paid to
this law firm was $0.9 million and $0.5 million, respectively.
In April 1996, the Company loaned certain officers of the Company an
aggregate of $4.5 million to pay personal withholding tax liabilities incurred
as a result of the $10.0 million executive compensation award (See Note 16). All
the individual notes have similar terms. The notes bear interest at 6.25% per
annum with principal and interest payable at the end of the term of the note
which is approximately seven and one half years from the date of issuance. Each
note is secured by the common stock awarded to the officers. At the date of
issuance, a discount was recorded to present the notes at fair market value.
Accordingly, compensation expense was recognized in an amount of $0.9 million
for the fiscal year ended December 29, 1996. The note receivable balance, net of
the unamortized discount, and interest receivable balance as of December 29,
1996 and December 28, 1997 are included as a reduction to shareholders' equity
in the accompanying balance sheets and statements of shareholders' equity
(deficit) since the common stock awarded to the officers secures payment of the
individual notes.
14. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Employment Agreements
The three most senior executives and the Company have entered into
employment agreements containing customary employment terms which provide for an
annual base salary, subject to annual adjustment by the Board of Directors, an
annual incentive bonus, stock options,
F-26
fringe benefits, participation in Company-sponsored benefit plans and such other
compensation as may be approved by the Board of Directors. The terms of the
agreements terminate in 2000, unless earlier terminated or otherwise
renewed, pursuant to the terms thereof. Pursuant to the terms of the agreements,
if employment is terminated without cause or if written notice not to renew
employment is given by the Company, the executive would be entitled to, among
other things, one to two-and-one-half times their base annual salary and the
bonus payable to the individual for the fiscal year in which such termination
occurs. Under the agreements, upon (i) a change of control of the Company, (ii)
a significant reduction in the executive's responsibilities, title or duties or
(iii) the relocation of the Company's principal office more than 45 miles from
its current location, the executive may terminate his employment and would be
entitled to receive, among other things, the same severance pay he would have
received had his employment been terminated by the Company without cause.
Chicken Supply Contracts
The Company's and its franchisees' principal raw material is fresh chicken.
The Company maintains purchase agreements with its fresh chicken suppliers that
provide for a "ceiling", or highest price, and a "floor", or lowest price, that
the Company will pay for chicken over the contract term and the ceilings are
generally set at prices above the current market price. Such supply contracts
are generally for one to two years. The Company recognizes chicken cost of sales
at the amounts paid under the contracts. For the periods presented, the Company
has not experienced any material losses as a result of these contracts.
Litigation
The Company has been named as a defendant in various actions arising from
its normal business activities in which damages in various amounts are claimed.
The Company has established reserves in the accompanying balance sheets to
provide for the defense and settlement of current litigation and management
believes that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material
adverse effect on the financial condition or results of operations of the
Company.
In July 1997, CP Partnership ("CP") filed a complaint against the Company
alleging patent infringement regarding the design of the proprietary gas fryer
manufactured by the Company's manufacturing division. While the ultimate
liability in this matter is difficult to assess, it is management's belief that
the final outcome will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's
financial condition or results of operations.
Environmental Matters
Approximately 200 of the Company's owned and leased properties are known or
suspected to have been used by prior owners or operators as retail gas stations,
and a few of these properties may have been used for other environmentally
sensitive purposes. Many of these properties previously contained underground
storage tanks ("USTs") and some of these properties may currently contain
abandoned USTs. As a result of the use of oils and solvents typically associated
with automobile repair facilities and gas stations, it is possible that
F-27
petroleum products and other contaminants may have been released at these
properties into the soil or groundwater. Under applicable Federal and state
environmental laws, the Company, as the current owner or operator of these
sites, may be jointly and severally liable for the costs of investigation and
remediation of any such contamination. As a result, after an analysis of its
property portfolio, including testing of soil and groundwater at a
representative sample of its facilities, the Company believes that it has
accrued adequate reserves for environmental remediation liabilities. While the
Company is currently not subject to any administrative or court order requiring
remediation at any of its properties, the Company is considering active
remediation at a limited number of facilities containing USTs.
Information Technology Outsourcing
The Company entered into an agreement with IBM Global Services, a division
of IBM ("IGS") commencing on August 1, 1994, for a ten-year term, to outsource
the Company's information technology, programming and computer operations. This
agreement allows the Company to update its corporate and restaurant systems with
state-of-the-art computer software and hardware. IGS will guarantee levels of
performance, maintain the operating systems and hardware, perform applications
development and maintenance, and provide other administrative, management and
support functions. Initially, IGS purchased the hardware and software under the
outsourcing contract and leased the hardware and software to the Company which
the Company recorded as capital leases. In August 1997, the Company purchased
from IGS certain hardware and software for approximately $16.7 million
which were formerly accounted for as capital leases.
Future minimum payments under this agreement, exclusive of payments
included in Note 9 as capital lease payments for systems installed as of
December 28, 1997, are as follows at that date (in thousands):
YEAR AMOUNT
---- ------
1998.................................. $ 8,489
1999.................................. 6,925
2000.................................. 5,089
2001.................................. 4,170
2002.................................. 5,055
Thereafter............................ 9,585
-------
$39,313
=======
It is estimated that the remaining payments due under the contract of
approximately $39.3 million will be reflected as restaurant operating or general
and administrative costs and expenses.
Operating expenses of approximately $9.0 million, $7.5 million and $8.1
million related to the outsourcing contract have been included in the statements
of operations for the years ended December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996 and
December 28, 1997, respectively.
F-28
Year 2000 Compliance
The outsourcing agreement between the Company and IGS referred to above was
executed to, among other things, enhance and upgrade the Company's corporate and
restaurant computer systems. The Company believed this was necessary because its
existing systems 1) did not provide adequate information to manage the business,
2) did not provide optimal control systems and 3) were not as efficient as
systems using newer technology. During the process of upgrading its systems,
which is scheduled for completion in 1998, the Company established procedures to
ensure that its new systems were year 2000 compliant. Additionally in 1997, the
Company formalized a plan to (i) analyze all of its financial and operating
computer systems to ensure they are year 2000 compliant, (ii) test all of its
computer systems and interfaces and (iii) take any corrective action necessary
to eliminate problems at the beginning of the year 2000. This plan includes
analysis of existing systems, new systems to be implemented in 1998 and 1999,
systems used by its vendors and customers that are needed for the proper
functioning of the Company's systems, and all other known Company processes that
use computers to function. While the analyses phase of the plan has not been
completed as of December 28, 1997, the Company believes that with the completion
of its system upgrades, made in connection with the IGS contract, a significant
portion of the potential year 2000 issues will be resolved. Although the
analysis is not complete, the Company believes that the cost, if any, to make
other systems year 2000 compliant will not be material to the Company's results
of operations.
Formula Agreement
The Company has a formula licensing agreement, as amended, (the "Formula
Agreement"), with Alvin C. Copeland, the former owner of the Popeyes and Churchs
restaurant systems, and Diversified Foods and Seasonings, Inc. ("Diversified"),
which calls for the worldwide exclusive licensing to the Popeyes system of the
spicy fried chicken formula and certain other ingredient used in Popeyes
products. The Formula Agreement provides for monthly royalty payments of
$237,500 until April 1999, and, thereafter, monthly royalty payments of $254,166
until March 2029. Total royalty payments were $2.9 million in the fiscal years
ended December 31, 1995, December 29, 1996 and December 28, 1997.
Supply Agreements
The Company has a supply agreement with Diversified under which the Company
is required to purchase certain propriety products made exclusively by
Diversified. This contract expires in 2029 subject to further renewal.
Supplies are generally provided to franchised and Company-operated
restaurants in the Popeyes and Churchs systems pursuant to supply agreements
negotiated by Popeyes Operators Purchasing Cooperative Association, Inc.
("POPCA") and Churchs Operators Purchasing Association, Inc. ("COPA"),
respectively, each a not-for-profit corporation that was created for
F-29
the purpose of consolidating the collective purchasing power of the franchised
and Company-operated restaurants and negotiating favorable terms therefor. The
purchasing cooperatives are not obligated to purchase, and do not bind their
members to commitments to purchase, any supplies. Membership in each cooperative
is open to all franchisees. Since 1995, the Company's franchise agreements
related to Popeyes and Churchs have required that each franchisee joins its
respective purchasing cooperative as a member. All Company-operated Popeyes and
Churchs restaurants are members of POPCA or COPA, as the case may be.
Substantially all of the Company's domestic Popeyes and Churchs franchisees
participate in POPCA or COPA. COPA also purchases certain ingredients and
supplies for Chesapeake franchised and Company-operated restaurants in order to
further leverage the collective buying power of AFC.
Advertising Funds
In accordance with the Popeyes and Churchs franchise agreements,
advertising funds have been established (the "Advertising Funds") whereby the
Company contributes a percentage of sales (generally 5%) to the Advertising
Funds in order to pay for the costs of funding advertising and promotional
activities. In accordance with the franchise agreement, the net assets and
transactions of the Advertising Funds are not commingled with the working
capital of the Company. The net assets and transactions of the Advertising Funds
are, therefore, not included in the accompanying financial statements. The
Company's contributions to the Advertising Funds are recorded in restaurant
operating expenses in the accompanying financial statements.
License Agreement
The Company currently has a number of domestic and international agreements
with The Hearst Corporation, King Features Syndicate Division ("King Features")
under which the Company has the exclusive license to use the image and likeness
of the cartoon character "Popeye" (and certain companion characters such as
"Olive Oyl") in connection with the operations of franchised and Company-
operated Popeyes restaurants worldwide. Under the current agreements, the
Company is obligated to pay King Features a royalty of 0.1% of the first $1.0
billion of Popeyes systemwide sales and 0.05% for the next $2.0 billion of such
sales. The King Features agreements automatically renew annually.
Other Commitments
The Company has guaranteed certain loans and lease obligations
approximating $2.2 million and $1.9 million at December 29, 1996 and December
28, 1997, respectively.
15. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY TRANSACTIONS
During 1993, the Company and its shareholders held discussions concerning
the number of common shares issued to a minority shareholder and the effects on
the shareholders' ownership interests resulting from the adoption of the 1992
Stock Option Plan discussed in Note 11. As a result of these discussions,
certain stock options were granted to purchase 250,000 common shares at $0.01
per share. These options become exercisable at the same time the stock
F-30
options issued to the Company's officers become exercisable. In 1996, these
options were exercised by the minority shareholder.
16. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION AWARD
During 1995, the Board of Directors granted a special award of $10.0
million to the CEO of the Company and his designees contingent upon the
happening of certain events related to a recapitalization of the Company. The
award became payable at the time of the Recapitalization. This award was paid in
1996 in approximately 3.0 million shares of the Company's common stock valued at
$3.317 per share, the market value of the Company's common stock at the date of
issuance. As a result of the Recapitalization, certain senior executive officers
became fully vested in certain stock options pursuant to the terms of the 1992
Stock Option Plan resulting in a recognition of $647,000 of compensation expense
in 1995.
17. ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
AFDC Transaction
On March 24, 1997, the Company closed the AFDC Transaction whereby the
Company sold the rights to operate 100 previously Company-operated restaurants
in eight domestic markets to AFDC. The Company also sold the land, building and
equipment for 51 of these restaurants, and it sold the building and equipment
and leased the land for 49 of the restaurants to AFDC. The Company received
approximately $19.9 million in cash, along with a warrant to acquire, for
nominal consideration, a 5.0% equity interest in AFDC. As a result of this
transaction, the Company recorded $2.5 million in franchise fees and
approximately $5.3 million of gain associated with the sale of the property in
the second quarter of 1997. Included in the $19.9 million payment was $1.0
million representing the development fees on an additional 100 restaurants which
will be developed by AFDC over the next ten years. These development fees were
deferred and will be taken into income as the restaurants open.
Chesapeake Bagel Bakery Acquisition
On May 5, 1997, the Company acquired from the American Bagel Company all of
the intangible assets related to the franchise business of Chesapeake Bagel
Bakery, a bagel bakery restaurant chain. As a result of this acquisition, the
Company became the franchisor of 158 franchised Chesapeake restaurants located
primarily in Washington D.C., Maryland and Virginia. The net purchase price paid
by the Company for Chesapeake was approximately $11.8 million, plus a potential
earn out of up to $3.5 million. The net purchase price was funded with internal
funds. The acquisition was accounted for as a purchase with the majority of the
purchase price allocated to franchise value which isare being amortized
straight-line over a thirty-five year life. The financial impact of Chesapeake
is not expected to be material to the Company in the near-term.
F-31
18. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Pinetree Foods, Inc. Acquisition
On February 10, 1998, the Company acquired all of the assets of 81
restaurant properties operated by Pinetree Foods, Inc. ("Pinetree") for a
purchase price of approximately $24.0 million. Of the 81 restaurants, 66 will be
converted to Popeyes Company-operated restaurants with the remaining restaurants
to be closed concurrently with the purchase. The restaurants are primarily
located in North and South Carolina and Georgia. The Company funded the purchase
price with internal funds and the Acquisition Facility (See Note 8).
Seattle Coffee Company Acquisition
On March 18, 1998, the Company acquired all of Seattle Coffee Company's
("SCC") common stock for a purchase price of approximately $70 million plus the
assumption of approximately $5 million of debt. The Company paid approximately
$41 million in cash funded by its Acquisition Facility (See Note 8) and
approximately $29 million in AFC common stock. The transaction includes the
acquisition of a roasting and packaging facility, 58 Company-operated cafes and
10 franchised cafes under the Seattle's Best and Torrefazione Italia brands, a
wholesale business including 13 offices and more than 5,000 accounts and a
Chicago distribution center which is scheduled to open in mid 1998. Included in
the purchase price is a contingent out payment of up to $3.8 million, based upon
SCC operations achieving a level of earnings, as defined in the agreement, over
a 52-week period from October 1, 1997 to September 30, 1998.
F-32