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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended Commission file number
December 31, 1996 1-12338
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
Delaware 63-1097283
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (I.R.S. EMPLOYER
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) IDENTIFICATION NO.)
3760 River Run Drive, 35243
Birmingham, AL
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL (ZIP CODE)
EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code:
(205) 970-7000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
NAME OF EACH EXCHANGE
TITLE OF EACH CLASS CUSIP NUMBER: ON WHICH REGISTERED:
Common Stock, $.01 Par 925391104 New York Stock Exchange
Value
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
INDICATE BY CHECK MARK WHETHER THE REGISTRANT (1) HAS FILED ALL REPORTS
REQUIRED TO BE FILED BY SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934 DURING THE PRECEDING 12 MONTHS (OR FOR SUCH SHORTER PERIOD THAT THE
REGISTRANT WAS REQUIRED TO FILE SUCH) AND (2) HAS BEEN SUBJECT TO SUCH FILING
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PAST 90 DAYS.
YES [X] NO [_]
INDICATE BY CHECK MARK IF DISCLOSURE OF DELINQUENT FILERS PURSUANT TO ITEM 405
OF REGULATION S-K ((S)229.405 OF THIS CHAPTER) IS NOT CONTAINED HEREIN, AND
WILL NOT BE CONTAINED, TO THE BEST OF REGISTRANT'S KNOWLEDGE, IN DEFINITIVE
PROXY OR INFORMATION STATEMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN PART III OF THIS
FORM 10-K OR ANY AMENDMENT TO THIS FORM 10-K. [_]
THE AGGREGATE MARKET VALUE OF THE VOTING STOCK HELD BY NON-AFFILIATES OF THE
REGISTRANT AS OF March 3, 1997: $527,444,758
THE NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING OF THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK, AS OF March
3, 1997 is 18,568,083
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
PORTIONS OF THE VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC. PROXY STATEMENT FOR ITS 1997
ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS ARE INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE INTO PART III
HEREOF.
PART I
BUSINESS
Vesta Insurance Group, Inc. (the "Company" or "Vesta") is a holding company
for a group of property/casualty insurance companies ("Vesta Group"),
including Vesta Fire Insurance Corporation ("Vesta Fire"), which offers treaty
reinsurance and primary insurance on personal and commercial risks. In both
its reinsurance and primary insurance operations, the Company focuses
primarily on property coverages. Gross premiums written by the Company in 1996
totalled $769.6 million. At December 31, 1996, the Company's stockholders'
equity was $318.7 million.
The Company provides treaty reinsurance, principally through reinsurance
intermediaries, to small and medium-sized regional insurance companies located
primarily in the southwestern, midwestern and northeastern United States. The
reinsurance of personal (including auto physical damage) and commercial
property risks accounted for approximately 90% of the Company's gross
reinsurance premiums written in 1996. The principal lines of business
reinsured by the Company include homeowner and commercial property coverages,
non-standard automobile insurance and collateral protection insurance.
In its primary insurance operations, the Company has developed insurance
products and programs to meet particular market needs. Primary insurance
products offered by the Company include a variety of homeowner and dwelling
insurance products, specialty commercial transportation products, commercial
business coverages and certain financial services products designed to protect
the interests of financial institutions in real and personal property
collateral. Primary insurance products are distributed through independent
agents and brokers, with the exception of certain financial services products,
which are distributed through specialist agents and two managing agents.
In June of 1995, Vesta Fire acquired all of the issued and outstanding
capital stock of The Hawaiian Insurance & Guaranty Company, Limited ("HIG"), a
provider of personal lines products in the State of Hawaii. HIG began business
as a property and casualty insurance company in 1915. Since its reorganization
in 1993, HIG has written only personal lines business, focusing primarily on
homeowner's insurance. During 1996, HIG contributed $41.8 million in gross
written premiums to the Company's personal lines business.
The combined ratio is a standard measure in the property and casualty
insurance industry of a company's performance in managing its losses and
expenses. Underwriting results are generally considered profitable when the
combined ratio is less than 100%. A comparison of statutory combined ratios
indicates that the Company has experienced more favorable results than the
insurance industry generally over the past three years.
The following table sets forth statutory combined ratios for the Company and
the statutory combined ratios for the property and casualty insurance industry
as a whole for the preceding three calendar years.
COMBINED RATIO (STATUTORY BASIS)
1994 1995 1996
----- ----- -----
The Company(1)................................... 89.4% 90.6% 89.7%
Property and Casualty Industry................... 108.3%(2) 106.4%(2) 107.0%(3)
1
- --------
(1) Data has been derived from the financial statements of the Company
prepared in accordance with statutory accounting practices ("SAP") and filed
with insurance regulatory authorities.
(2) The statutory industry data is taken from the A.M. Best Company, Aggregate
and Averages, 1996 Edition.
(3) 1996 estimate by the A.M. Best Company, Review and Preview, January 1997
Edition.
While the industry combined ratios are the generally accepted measure for
comparing results within the property and casualty insurance industry, these
combined ratios do not distinguish between property and casualty companies
based upon their mix of business. Unlike many property and casualty companies,
the Company focuses primarily on short-tail property coverages and writes a
very limited amount of longer tail casualty coverages. Long-tail insurance
coverages often produce higher losses relative to the premiums charged than
short-tail property insurance; however, because ultimate claim losses for
longer tail coverages are slower to be reported and finally paid, companies
writing a significant amount of long-tail insurance coverages may be able to
derive investment income from the use of premiums paid to mitigate their
higher losses.
The Company's insurance subsidiaries are currently rated "A" (Excellent) by
A.M. Best, which is A.M. Best's third highest rating category. A.M. Best
ratings are based upon factors of concern to policyholders and are not
directed toward the protection of investors. No assurance can be given that in
the future, A.M. Best will not reduce or withdraw the ratings of the Company's
insurance subsidiaries because of factors, including material losses, that may
or may not be within the Company's control. See "Business--A.M. Best Rating"
and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations."
The Company was incorporated in Delaware on July 9, 1993 to be the holding
company for the property and casualty insurance subsidiaries of Torchmark
Corporation ("Torchmark"). Prior to its initial public offering of common
stock in November 1993, the Company was a wholly owned subsidiary of
Torchmark. As of December 31, 1996, Torchmark held approximately 27% of the
outstanding common stock of the Company. The Company's principal property and
casualty subsidiary is Vesta Fire. The Company's principal executive offices
are at 3760 River Run Drive, Birmingham, Alabama 35243, and its telephone
number is (205) 970-7000.
BUSINESS STRATEGY
The Company's strategy is to focus principally on property coverages in all
of its lines of business while adjusting the mix and volume of its writings
and retentions to respond to changes in market prices and to manage its risk
exposures. The Company contributed a majority of the proceeds from its initial
public offering in November 1993 and the sale of $100 million of its 8.75%
Senior Debentures due 2025 in July 1995 to the capital and surplus of its
insurance subsidiaries. By increasing the surplus of its insurance
subsidiaries, the Company has continued to increase its sales of insurance and
reinsurance. In particular, the Company has significantly increased its
writings of pro rata reinsurance to capitalize on the increased demand for
such reinsurance in recent years. In addition, since the end of 1992, the
Company has been able to maintain its writings of catastrophe risks. The
Company is also increasing its writings of selected primary insurance lines.
Historically, the Company has made substantial use of reinsurance and
retrocessional arrangements to reduce its exposure to risks and the
variability of its earnings. The Company plans to continue to cede a portion
of its insurance risks while using its increased capital base to increase
selectively its retentions of certain property risks based on market
conditions. In addition, the Company will continue its strategy to balance the
geographic concentration of the risks of its primary insurance and reinsurance
business. While the Company's primary insurance operations are focused
principally in southeastern and southwestern states and Hawaii, its
reinsurance business is principally regional insurance companies operating
outside of these areas.
LINES OF BUSINESS
The following table provides selected historical information on a GAAP basis
concerning the business written by the Company and the associated underwriting
results. This data should be read in
2
conjunction with the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and related
notes thereto. For additional information on the Company's business segments,
see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations" and Note M to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------------------------
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT RATIO DATA)
REINSURANCE
Gross Premiums Written(1).... $ 84,007 $126,332 $242,030 $422,711 $615,352
Net Premiums Written......... 61,686 96,181 193,136 358,289 446,062
Net Premiums Earned.......... 54,491 89,356 191,700 290,657 415,028
Loss Ratio................... 50.0% 50.1% 50.5% 58.9% 59.8%
PRIMARY INSURANCE
Personal
Gross Premiums Written....... $ 51,555 $ 64,300 $ 63,658 $105,643 $109,661
Net Premiums Written......... 30,608 42,580 28,626 52,157 69,769
Net Premiums Earned.......... 24,696 36,316 39,223 44,796 63,207
Commercial
Gross Premiums Written....... 30,672 34,796 49,018 58,428 44,573
Net Premiums Written......... 17,775 20,192 37,948 48,782 24,801
Net Premiums Earned.......... 19,196 18,138 29,028 46,349 33,677
Total Primary
Gross Premiums Written....... 81,827 99,096 112,676 164,071 154,234
Net Premiums Written......... 48,383 62,772 66,574 100,939 94,570
Net Premiums Earned.......... 43,892 54,454 68,252 91,145 96,884
Loss Ratio................... 52.5% 56.2% 63.7% 52.6% 48.28%
COMBINED
Gross Premiums Written....... $165,834 $225,428 $354,706 $586,782 $769,586
Net Premiums Written......... 110,069 158,953 259,710 459,228 540,632
Net Premiums Earned.......... 98,383 143,810 259,952 381,802 511,912
Loss Ratio................... 51.1% 52.4% 53.9% 57.4% 57.6%
Expense Ratio................ 45.2% 40.5% 34.0% 29.3% 30.2%
Combined Ratio............... 96.3% 92.9% 87.9% 86.7% 87.8%
(1) Reinsurance gross premium written excludes less than $1.5 million of
assumed reinsurance per year which is treated as primary business in this
table and in the following discussion.
REINSURANCE
Reinsurance is a contractual arrangement under which one insurer (the ceding
company) transfers to another insurer (the reinsurer) all or a portion of a
risk or risks that the ceding company has assumed under the insurance policy
or policies it has issued. A ceding company may purchase reinsurance for any
number of reasons including, to obtain, through the reduction of its
liabilities, greater underwriting capacity than its own capital resources
would support, to stabilize its underwriting results, to protect against
catastrophic loss, to withdraw from a line of business, and to manage risk
when entering a line of business.
Reinsurance can be written on either a pro rata or excess of loss basis.
Under pro rata reinsurance, the reinsurer, in return for a predetermined
portion or share of the insurance premium charged by the ceding company,
indemnifies the ceding company against a predetermined portion or share of the
losses and loss adjustment expenses ("LAE") of the ceding company under the
covered primary policy or policies. Under excess of loss reinsurance, the
reinsurer indemnifies the ceding company against all or a specified portion of
losses and LAE on underlying insurance policies in excess of a specified
dollar amount, known as the ceding company's retention, subject to a
negotiated policy limit. Catastrophe reinsurance is a form of excess of loss
reinsurance which indemnifies the ceding company for losses resulting from a
particular catastrophic event. Excess of loss reinsurance
3
is often written in layers, with one or a group of reinsurers taking the risk
from the ceding company's retention layer up to a specified amount, at which
point either another reinsurer or a group of reinsurers takes the excess
liability or it remains with the ceding company. The reinsurer acquiring the
risk immediately above the ceding company's retention layer is said to write
working or low layer reinsurance. A loss that reaches just beyond the primary
insurer's retention layer will create a loss for the working layer reinsurer,
but not for the reinsurers on the higher layers.
Premiums that the ceding company pays to the reinsurer for excess of loss
coverage are not directly proportional to the premiums that the ceding company
receives because the reinsurer does not assume a proportionate risk. Excess of
loss coverage is priced separately and distinctly from the pricing employed by
the ceding company in connection with its risk since the probability of loss
is different for the reinsurer than the ceding company. Accordingly, excess of
loss contracts may increase flexibility to determine premiums for reinsurance.
In contrast, in pro rata reinsurance, premiums that the ceding company pays to
the reinsurer are proportional to the premiums that the ceding company
receives, consistent with the proportional sharing of risk, and the reinsurer
generally pays the ceding company a ceding commission. Generally, the ceding
commission is based upon the ceding company's cost of obtaining the business
being reinsured (i.e., commissions, premium taxes, assessments and
miscellaneous administrative expenses).
There are two basic types of reinsurance agreements, treaties and
facultative certificates. Facultative reinsurance involves the reinsuring of
an individual risk while treaty reinsurance is automatic reinsurance (which
may be written pro rata or excess of loss), whereby the ceding company is
obligated to cede and the reinsurer is obligated to accept from the ceding
company certain risks or classes of risks. Occurrence catastrophe reinsurance
is a form of treaty reinsurance.
Substantially all of the reinsurance that the Company currently writes is on
personal (including automobile) and commercial property risks. Management
believes there are certain advantages in emphasizing the writing of property
reinsurance over casualty reinsurance, the most significant of which is that
ultimate property claims losses generally can be determined more quickly than
ultimate casualty claims losses. Long-tail reinsurance, such as certain
casualty coverages, frequently are slower to be reported and finally
determined. However, the earnings of property insurers are affected by
unpredictable catastrophic events. In addition, a continuing increase in the
severity of catastrophic losses as well as various other market forces could
affect the Company's ability to buy adequate retrocessional coverage and
thereby necessitate a reduction of the Company's reinsurance business to a
level appropriate for the retrocessional protection available.
The Company's mix of reinsurance business on a gross premiums written basis
is set forth in the following table for the periods indicated:
DISTRIBUTION OF REINSURANCE PREMIUMS WRITTEN
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------
TYPE OF
REINSURANCE 1993 1994 1995 1996
- ----------- -------------- -------------- --------------- -------------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT RATIO DATA)
Property Reinsurance
Pro Rata............... $ 93,730 74.2% $181,777 75.1% $330,486 78.2% $502,463 81.7%
Catastrophe............ 23,995 19.0 43,982 18.2 38,417 9.1 45,721 7.4
Excess Risk............ 2,378 1.9 4,203 1.7 2,454 0.6 2,888 .5
-------- ----- -------- ----- -------- ----- -------- ----
Total Property.......... 120,103 95.1 229,962 95.0 371,357 87.9 551,072 89.6
Casualty Reinsurance....
Auto Liability......... 5,001 4.0 9,450 3.9 49,118 11.6 60,912 9.9
Other Casualty(1)...... 1,228 0.9 2,618 1.1 2,236 0.5 3,368 .5
-------- ----- -------- ----- -------- ----- -------- ----
Total Casualty.......... 6,229 4.9 12,068 5.0 51,354 12.1 64,280 10.4
-------- ----- -------- ----- -------- ----- -------- ----
Total Reinsurance...... $126,332 100.0% $242,030 100.0% $422,711 100.0% $615,352 100%
======== ===== ======== ===== ======== ===== ======== ====
- --------
(1) Estimated casualty portion of total reinsurance excluding Auto Liability.
4
The Company seeks to adjust its reinsurance activities in response to
changing conditions in the reinsurance markets. The Company significantly
increased the writings of pro rata reinsurance during the year ended December
31, 1996, principally for smaller companies seeking to obtain additional
underwriting capacity and protection against catastrophic loss. In addition,
the Company's current strategy is to maintain its writings of property
catastrophe reinsurance to take advantage of continuing attractive pricing of
occurrence catastrophe reinsurance resulting from the unusual level of
catastrophic losses experienced between 1989 and 1996, which included
hurricanes, earthquakes, numerous severe winter storms and several severe hail
storms.
The principal lines of business reinsured by the Company include homeowner
and commercial property coverages, non-standard automobile insurance and
collateral protection insurance. For 1996, homeowner and commercial business
comprised approximately 58% of gross reinsurance premiums written, non-
standard automobile insurance comprised approximately 37% of gross reinsurance
premiums written, and collateral protection insurance comprised approximately
5% of gross reinsurance premiums written. The Company writes a small amount of
casualty reinsurance for certain of its property reinsurance clients. Casualty
reinsurance risks assumed by the Company consist largely of non-standard
automobile liability insurance as well as liability coverages provided under
homeowner and commercial multi-peril policies.
Marketing. The Company provides reinsurance to small and medium-sized
regional insurance companies located primarily in the southwestern, midwestern
and northeastern United States. Most of the Company's reinsurance business is
produced through major reinsurance intermediaries in the United States. In
1996 the Company began writing international reinsurance business with an
emphasis on catastrophe reinsurance. This was enhanced in September 1996 with
the establishment of a branch office in Copenhagen, Denmark which improved
access to the European reinsurance market. The Company's reinsurance division
currently does business through approximately 30 intermediaries, five of which
were responsible for approximately 73% of the division's premium volume during
1996.
Underwriting. Management's underwriting strategy is to practice strict
discipline in carrying out its major operating functions, risk selection and
retention. For selecting and managing its portfolio of reinsurance contracts,
the authority to bind the Company is limited to five employees whose duties
are concentrated primarily on identifying and accessing desirable business.
The Company utilizes computers and analytical software to assist underwriters
in evaluating and selecting risks and determining appropriate retention
levels. It is the Company's practice to have direct contact, either by
underwriting audits or periodic visits of a more general nature, with ceding
companies with whom the Company has working layer relationships, both to
enhance the quality of its underwriting process and to develop and retain its
business relationships.
PRIMARY INSURANCE BUSINESS
In its primary insurance operations, the Company has sought to identify
market opportunities and develop insurance products to meet particular market
needs. The Company's primary insurance operations are focused primarily on
selected personal and commercial insurance lines as well as on financial
services products consisting of certain collateral protection insurance
policies for financial institutions. As in its reinsurance operations, the
Company emphasizes property coverages, although the Company generally provides
comprehensive personal liability coverage as part of its homeowner products
and general liability coverage as part of its business owners and commercial
package policies for small to medium-sized businesses.
The Company's independent agents may bind insurance coverages only in
accordance with guidelines established by the Company. The Company promptly
reviews all coverages bound by its agents and a decision is made as to whether
to continue such coverages. Because of the broad base of the Company's
independent agency force, the contractual limitation on their authority to
bind coverage and the Company's review procedures, the Company does not
believe that the authority of its agents to bind the Company presents any
material risk to the Company and its operations.
5
Personal Lines
The Company's personal lines business relates primarily to the insurance of
residential properties and their contents. The Company offers insurance
products for a wide range of homes, but (excluding HIG which writes dwellings
valued up to $750,000) emphasizes lower value dwellings (dwellings valued up
to $50,000) and standard dwellings (dwellings valued from $50,000 to $150,000)
that typically yield higher profit margins.
The Company also provides specialty products protecting collateral and
repossessed property of financial institutions. Certain of these products are
designed to protect the interests of financial institutions against physical
damage to private passenger automobiles and other personal property in those
cases where the borrower fails to insure the collateral in accordance with a
loan agreement. The Company also has mortgage security products that are
designed to protect the interest of the mortgagee and mortgagor (borrower)
caused by the mortgagor's failure to obtain property insurance on the
mortgaged property. Coverage is also provided for properties that are in the
process of foreclosure.
On December 31, 1996, the Company cancelled the 75% pro rata reinsurance
contract on its homeowners and dwelling lines of business (excluding HIG)
produced through independent agents and also on its homeowners and dwelling
lines of business in the financial services business.
It has been the Company's policy generally not to underwrite personal lines
business within one hundred miles of a coastline (except for Florida which is
10 miles, and Hawaii) in order to limit its exposure to typical coastal
occurrences such as hurricanes and other types of storms. The Company
continually monitors and controls its business in order to prudently manage
its risk in areas with significant exposure to natural disasters. See
"Business--Regulation."
Marketing. The Company currently markets its insurance products for personal
lines through approximately 870 independent agents. The Company believes its
marketing of its personal lines products has benefited from the Company's "A"
A.M. Best rating. See "Business--A.M. Best Rating" and "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
Within certain parameters, the agents of the Company are authorized to write
policies without approval from the Company. However, all policies are reviewed
by Company underwriting staff upon receipt of the application by the Company.
The following table sets forth the principal geographic distribution of the
Company's gross premiums written in its personal lines business for the three
years indicated. The states listed below comprise the five states with the
largest gross premiums written for 1996.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------
1994 1995 1996
------------- ------------- -------------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PERCENTAGES)
Hawaii............................. $ 0 0.0% $30,828 29.2% $41,927 38.5%
Alabama............................ 15,730 24.7 14,868 14.1 15,348 14.1
Georgia............................ 3,975 6.2 5,980 5.7 6,258 5.8
Florida............................ 9,152 14.4 6,411 6.0 5,428 5.0
Texas.............................. 8,605 13.5 6,360 6.0 4,588 4.2
All Other.......................... 26,196 41.2 41,196 39.0 35,291 32.4
------- ----- ------- ----- ------- -----
Total............................. $63,658 100.0% 105,643 100.0 108,840 100.0%
======= ===== ======= ===== ======= =====
6
The Company has offered homeowner and dwelling policies through independent
agents since 1988. The Company is currently marketing such policies through
independent agents in 14 southern states and Hawaii and plans to introduce
these products in certain additional states in order to broaden the
geographical spread of its business. The Company employs marketing
representatives to maintain and expand its agency relationships in its
personal lines business. In addition, the Company pays what it believes to be
competitive commission rates to its agents and has established a profit
sharing plan for agencies, which is based on volume of premiums and loss
ratios for risks written.
The Company's financial services products are sold to financial
institutions. Most of the financial services products written by the Company
are marketed and serviced through Overby-Seawell Company, a managing general
agency located in Atlanta, Georgia ("Overby-Seawell"). The Company and Overby-
Seawell entered into an Agency Agreement as of July 27, 1990 (the "Agency
Agreement"), pursuant to which Overby-Seawell was appointed as a
representative for the marketing and underwriting of the Company's financial
services products. Under the Agency Agreement, Overby-Seawell has the
authority to collect premiums and is responsible for the supervision,
adjustment and payment of all claims arising under contracts governed by the
Agency Agreement. In addition, Overby-Seawell has certain limited authority to
issue and execute financial services insurance contracts on behalf of the
Company without obtaining the Company's prior approval.
Until recently, the Company marketed lower value personal dwelling insurance
in six states through agents of Liberty National Life Insurance Company
("LNL"), a subsidiary of Torchmark, pursuant to a written marketing agreement
with LNL. However, effective May 1, 1995, LNL terminated this agreement and
will no longer market these products through its agents, although it will
continue to service the inforce business. In 1996, these industrial fire
products comprised approximately 12.2% of the Company's gross premiums written
in its personal lines business.
Underwriting. Underwriting of personal lines business is centralized and
performed by the Company's underwriting staff in accordance with specific
underwriting authority related to the acceptability of each risk for the
appropriate program profile. Management information reports are utilized to
measure risk selection and pricing in order to control underwriting
performance. The principal underwriting criteria for personal property
coverages is a financially stable owner with a well-maintained property. Rates
for lower valued properties are surcharged to reflect risk characteristics.
Within certain parameters, the agents of the Company are authorized to write
policies without approval from the Company.
Commercial Lines
The Company provides commercial insurance products covering selected
commercial business and transportation risks. While the commercial business
and transportation products offered by the Company include a liability
component, the Company's commercial lines products are focused predominantly
on property and physical damage coverages.
The Company offers property insurance protection for shopping centers, food
stores, general retail outlets, apartment buildings and motorcycle
dealerships. The Company also provides business owners policies, primarily to
small and medium-sized businesses, which provide comprehensive coverage under
one policy, including coverage for vehicles used in business, property
insurance for buildings, equipment, inventory and contents, and general
liability insurance for risks associated with business premises.
The Company has designed a complementary group of insurance products for the
trucking industry. These products are offered to independent owner-operators
of trucks and small fleets to cover physical damage, non-trucking liability
and cargo risks. Physical damage protection is the principal product written
by the Company in this line of business. The Company offers non-trucking
7
liability (which insures non-business use of the vehicle by owner-operators)
and cargo insurance as supplementary products to physical damage coverages.
Marketing. The Company's commercial lines products are offered in 47 states.
The Company uses marketing representatives to market its commercial lines
products to independent agents and brokers. These marketing representatives
are employees of the Company and are located in areas in which the Company
operates and targets business development. Commercial business products are
marketed directly through approximately 1000 independent agencies and brokers.
Transportation products are marketed through approximately 60 agencies which
specialize in this line of business. The Company believes that its "A" A.M.
Best rating and the commissions and profit sharing arrangements it provides to
contracted agents have been important factors in the Company's ability to
access and maintain profitable commercial property-casualty and transportation
business. See "Business--A.M. Best Rating" and "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
The following table sets forth the principal geographic distribution of the
Company's gross premiums written in its commercial lines business for the
years indicated. The states listed below comprise the five states with the
largest gross premiums written for 1996.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------
1994 1995 1996
------------- ------------- -------------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PERCENTAGES)
Texas.............................. $12,981 26.5% $14,771 25.3% $11,035 24.8%
Missouri........................... 4,720 9.6 6,124 10.5 6,554 14.7
Louisiana.......................... 6,383 13.0 5,432 9.3 3,790 8.5
Alabama............................ 2,652 5.4 3,649 6.2 2,276 5.1
Kentucky........................... 1,092 2.2 1,823 3.1 1,787 4.0
All Other.......................... 21,190 43.3 26,629 45.6 19,131 42.9
------- ----- ------- ----- ------- -----
Total............................. $49,018 100.0% $58,428 100.0% $44,573 100.0%
======= ===== ======= ===== ======= =====
Underwriting. Underwriting of the Company's commercial business and
transportation products is centralized and performed by the Company's
underwriting staff in accordance with specific underwriting authority based
upon the experience and knowledge level of each underwriter. Risks that are
perceived to be more difficult and complex risk exposures are underwritten by
the more experienced staff and reviewed by management.
Many underwriting factors are examined for the commercial business line,
such as quality of construction, occupancy and protection against fire and
other hazards. Additionally, a critical underwriting element is the financial
condition of the owners.
Transportation underwriting is heavily concentrated on a review of the
driver, including the driver's record and experience. However, other factors
are also considered, such as, in the case of cargo insurance, damageability
and theft exposure.
Limited binding authority is provided to contracted agents, but only for
risks which have been underwritten, priced and accepted by an authorized
underwriter of the Company or risks which qualify under specific and pre-set
guidelines and rate parameters established for a specified class of products.
REINSURANCE CEDED
The Company seeks to manage its risk exposure through the purchase of
reinsurance, including retrocessional placements for its reinsurance business.
The Company obtains reinsurance principally to reduce its net liability on
individual risks and to provide protection for individual loss occurrences,
including catastrophic losses, and to stabilize its underwriting results. In
exchange for reinsurance, the
8
Company pays to its reinsurers a portion of the premiums received under the
reinsured policies. While the assuming reinsurer is liable for losses to the
extent of the coverage ceded, reinsurance does not legally discharge the
Company from primary liability for the full amount of the policies ceded.
The Company purchases reinsurance separately for its primary insurance
business lines and its reinsurance business. Gross written premiums ceded for
1995 were $127.6 million, which constituted 21.7% of the gross premiums
written, and for 1996, were $229.0 million, which constituted 29.8% of the
gross premiums written. The increase in 1996 was primarily due to a pro rata
reinsurance facility covering substantially all primary and assumed business
entered into by Vesta Fire. While the Company seeks to reinsure a signficant
portion of its property catastrophe risks, there can be no assurance that
losses experienced by the Company will be within the coverage limits of the
Company's reinsurance and retrocessional programs.
The availability and cost of reinsurance and retrocessional coverage may
vary significantly over time and are subject to prevailing market conditions.
Pricing in this business has weakened slightly due to increased availability
of reinsurance market capacity.
The Company seeks to evaluate the credit quality of the reinsurers and
retrocessionaires to which it cedes business. No assurance can be given
regarding the future ability of any of the Company's reinsurers to meet their
obligations. Among the insurers to which the Company cedes reinsurance is
Underwriters at Lloyd's, London, a collection of underwriters, known as
"Names," who group together annually to form syndicates. In recent years
Lloyd's has reported substantial losses which have had deleterious effects on
Lloyd's in general, and on certain syndicates in particular. In addition,
there has been a decrease in underwriting capacity of Lloyd's syndicates in
recent years. The substantial losses and other adverse developments could
affect the ability of certain syndicates to continue to trade and the ability
of insureds to continue to place business with particular syndicates. It is
not possible to predict what effects the circumstances described above may
have on Lloyd's and the Company's contractual relationship with Lloyd's
syndicates in future years.
CLAIMS
Claims arising under the policies and treaties issued or reinsured by the
Company are managed by the Company's Claims Department. When the Company
receives notice of a loss, its claims personnel open a claim file and
establish a reserve with respect to the loss. All claims are reviewed and all
payments are made by the Company's employees, with the exception of claims on
certain collateral protection products, which are adjusted by a managing
general agency and periodically audited by the Company's claims personnel.
Most personal lines claims are adjusted and paid by staff claims adjusters
located throughout the southeastern and southwestern United States and Hawaii.
Management believes that utilizing the Company's trained employee adjusters
permits faster, more efficient service at a lower cost.
Claims settlement authority levels are established for each adjuster or
manager based upon such employee's ability and level of experience. Upon
receipt, each claim is reviewed and assigned to an adjuster or manager based
upon the type of claim. Claims-related litigation is monitored by a home
office litigation supervisor. The Company emphasizes prompt, fair and
equitable settlement of meritorious claims, adequate reserving for claims and
controlling of claims adjustment and legal expenses.
RESERVES
The Company's insurance subsidiaries are required to maintain reserves to
cover their estimated ultimate liability for losses and loss adjustment
expenses with respect to reported and unreported
9
claims incurred. To the extent that reserves prove to be inadequate in the
future, the Company would have to increase such reserves and incur a charge to
earnings in the period such reserves are increased which could have a material
adverse effect on the Company's results of operations and financial condition.
The establishment of appropriate reserves is an inherently uncertain process
and there can be no assurance that ultimate losses will not materially exceed
the Company's loss reserves. Reserves are estimates involving actuarial and
statistical projections at a given time of what the Company expects to be the
cost of the ultimate settlement and administration of claims based on facts
and circumstances then known, estimates of future trends in claims severity
and other variable factors such as inflation. The inherent uncertainties of
estimating reserves generally are greater with respect to reinsurance
liabilities due to the diversity of development patterns among different types
of reinsurance contracts, the necessary reliance on ceding companies for
information regarding reported claims and differing reserving practices among
ceding companies.
With respect to reported claims, reserves are established on a case-by-case
basis. The reserve amounts on each reported claim are determined by taking
into account the circumstances surrounding each claim and policy provision
relating to the type of loss. Loss reserves are reviewed on a regular basis,
and as new data becomes available, appropriate adjustments are made to
reserves.
For incurred but not reported ("IBNR") losses, a variety of methods have
been developed in the insurance industry for determining estimates of loss
reserves. One common method of actuarial evaluation, which is used by the
Company, is the loss development method. This method uses the pattern by which
losses have been reported over time and assumes that each accident year's
experience will develop in the same pattern as the historical loss
development. The Company also relies on industry data to provide the basis for
reserve analysis on newer lines of business (lines written less than 3 years).
Provisions for inflation are implicitly considered in the reserving process.
For GAAP purposes, the Company's reserves are carried at the total estimate
for ultimate expected loss without any discount to reflect the time value of
money.
Reserves are computed by the Company based upon actuarial principles and
procedures applicable to the lines of business written by the Company. These
reserve calculations are reviewed regularly by management, and, as required by
state law, the Company periodically engages an independent actuary to render
an opinion as to the adequacy of statutory reserves established by management,
which opinions are filed with the various jurisdictions in which the Company
is licensed. Based upon the practice and procedures employed by the Company,
without regard to independent actuarial opinions, management believes that the
Company's reserves are adequate.
The following table provides a reconciliation of beginning and ending
liability balances on a GAAP basis for the years indicated:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------
1994 1995 1996
-------- -------- --------
(IN THOUSANDS)
Losses and LAE reserves at beginning of year....... $ 78,285 $120,980 $199,314
Losses and LAE incurred:
Provision for losses and LAE for claims occurring
in current year.................................. 139,253 217,293 291,812
Increase (decrease) in reserves for claims occur-
ring in prior years.............................. 1,028 1,798 3,109
-------- -------- --------
Total............................................ 140,281 219,091 294,921
Losses and LAE payments for claims incurred:
Current year...................................... 78,907 92,924 158,408
Prior years....................................... 18,679 47,833 88,603
-------- -------- --------
Total............................................ 97,586 140,757 247,011
-------- -------- --------
Losses and LAE reserve liability at end of year.... $120,980 $199,314 $247,224
======== ======== ========
10
The reconciliation between statutory basis and GAAP basis reserves for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1996 is shown on the
following page:
RECONCILIATION OF RESERVES FOR UNPAID LOSSES AND LAE FROM STATUTORY BASIS TO
GAAP BASIS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------
1994 1995 1996
-------- -------- --------
(IN THOUSANDS)
Statutory reserves............................... $ 79,176 $150,818 $189,309
Adjustments for salvage and subrogation.......... (1,845) (1,273) (2,376)
Gross-up of amounts netted against reinsurance
recoverable..................................... 43,649 49,769 60,291
-------- -------- --------
Reserves on a GAAP basis......................... $120,980 $199,314 $247,224
======== ======== ========
The following table shows the development of the reserves for unpaid losses
and loss adjustment expenses from 1986 through 1996 for the Company's
insurance subsidiaries on a GAAP basis excluding amounts netted against
reinsurance recoverable. The top line of the table shows the liabilities at
the balance sheet date for each of the indicated years. This reflects the
estimated amounts of losses and loss adjustment expenses for claims arising in
that year and all prior years that are unpaid at the balance sheet date,
including losses incurred but not yet reported to the Company. The upper
portion of the table shows the cumulative amounts subsequently paid as of
successive years with respect to the liability. The lower portion of the table
shows the reestimated amount of the previously recorded liability based on
experience as of the end of each succeeding year. The estimates change as more
information becomes known about the frequency and severity of claims for
individual years. A redundance (deficiency) exists when the reestimated
liability at each December 31 is less (greater) than the prior liability
estimate. The "cumulative redundance (deficiency)" depicted in the table, for
any particular calendar year, represents the aggregate change in the initial
estimates over all subsequent calendar years.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------- --------
(IN THOUSANDS)
Liability for unpaid
losses and LAE.......... $43,885 $44,597 $40,837 $32,861 $27,823 $21,919 $21,976 $34,647 $77,331 $149,545 $186,933
Paid (cumulative) as of
One year later.......... 16,868 7,706 19,730 19,611 11,864 11,890 10,216 18,679 48,007 88,603
Two years later......... 22,899 22,139 28,475 24,063 16,078 13,968 13,712 24,153 62,834
Three years later....... 26,628 30,405 32,443 27,692 17,062 15,362 14,074 25,428
Four years later........ 32,181 32,783 34,549 28,699 17,829 15,671 14,365
Five years later........ 33,826 34,704 35,564 29,265 18,047 15,741
Six years later......... 35,640 35,513 36,073 29,366 18,123
Seven years later....... 36,415 36,033 36,449 29,390
Eight years later....... 37,110 36,361 36,470
Nine years later........ 37,427 36,400
Ten years later......... 37,456
Liability reestimated as
of
End of year............ 43,885 44,597 40,837 32,861 27,823 21,919 21,976 34,647 77,331 149,545 186,933
One year later.......... 43,757 43,721 42,097 34,078 28,779 21,853 22,595 35,714 79,128 152,654
Two year later.......... 42,782 43,869 42,702 33,304 29,431 21,273 22,341 35,310 81,850
Three years later....... 43,042 44,541 42,665 33,851 28,467 20,902 22,068 35,153
Four years later........ 43,165 44,181 42,493 33,663 28,316 20,537 21,991
Five years later........ 43,745 43,170 42,149 33,444 28,027 20,385
Six years later......... 43,619 42,987 42,330 33,113 27,886
Seven years later....... 43,431 42,901 42,090 32,921
Eight years later....... 43,497 42,847 41,903
Nine years later........ 43,471 42,675
Ten years later......... 43,310
Cumulative
redundance/(deficiency). 575 1,922 (1,066) (60) (63) 1,534 (15) (506) (4,519) (3,109)
As the table above indicates, due to the short tail nature of the Company's
business, its claim payout pattern closely tracks increases and decreases in
its premium volume.
11
The Company reinsured a number of casualty risks in the early 1980's which
could result in claims for coverage of asbestos related and other
environmental impairment liabilities to the extent that such liabilities were
not excluded from the underlying policies. The attachment points in
reinsurance treaties relating to these risks are relatively high, and the
Company's percentage participation in the layers of reinsurance in which it
participates is relatively low. In addition, the Company carries reinsurance
which would mitigate the effect of any losses under these treaties. While
there exists a possibility that the Company could suffer material loss in the
event of a high number of large losses under these treaties, this is unlikely
in management's judgement. Management's judgement is based upon, among other
things, its experience in the property insurance industry generally, the
length of time that has elapsed since these particular treaties were entered
into, and the fact that, to management's knowledge, the Company has received
no notices of any material environmental claims under these treaties.
INVESTMENTS
The Company's investment portfolio consists primarily of investment grade
fixed income securities. Waddell & Reed Asset Management Company ("WRAMCO"), a
subsidiary of Torchmark, provides investment advisory services to the Company
subject to investment policies and guidelines established by management. The
Company's investments at December 31, 1996 totaled approximately $427.3
million and were classified as follows:
AMOUNT AT WHICH % OF
TYPE OF INVESTMENT SHOWN ON BALANCE SHEET PORTFOLIO
- ------------------ ---------------------- ---------
(IN THOUSANDS)
Cash and short-term investments................ $110,051 25.8%
United States Government securities............ 37,576 8.8
Mortgage-backed securities..................... 7,682 1.8
Corporate bonds................................ 104,011 24.3
Foreign government............................. 2,006 0.5
Municipal bonds................................ 157,623 36.9
Equity securities.............................. 8,327 1.9
-------- -----
Total........................................ $427,276 100.0%
======== =====
The value of the fixed maturities portfolio, classified by category, as of
December 31, 1996, was as follows:
AMORTIZED COST FAIR VALUE
-------------- ----------
(IN THOUSANDS)
United States Government.............................. $ 37,398 $ 37,576
Mortgage-backed securities............................ 7,760 7,682
Municipal............................................. 155,966 157,623
Foreign government.................................... 2,000 2,006
Corporate............................................. 102,902 104,011
-------- --------
Total............................................... $306,026 $308,898
======== ========
The composition of the fixed maturities portfolio, classified by Moody's
rating as of December 31, 1996 was as follows:
AMORTIZED COST % OF TOTAL
-------------- ----------
(IN THOUSANDS)
Aaa................................................... $135,873 44.4%
Aa.................................................... 33,076 10.8
A..................................................... 129,566 42.3
Baa................................................... 7,511 2.5
Nonrated.............................................. 0 0
-------- -----
Total............................................... $306,026 100.0%
======== =====
12
The NAIC has a bond rating system that assigns securities to classes called
"NAIC designations" that are used by insurers when preparing their annual
statutory financial statements. The NAIC assigns designations to publicly-
traded as well as privately-placed securities. The designations assigned by
the NAIC range from class 1 to class 6, with a rating in class 1 being of the
highest quality. As of December 31, 1996, all of the Company's fixed
maturities portfolio, measured on a statutory carrying value basis, was
invested in securities rated in class 1 by the NAIC, which are considered
investment grade. The weighted average maturity of the Company's portfolio at
December 31, 1996 was 2.8 years.
As of December 31, 1996, none of the Company's fixed maturities portfolio
was invested in securities that were rated below investment grade. Less than
1% of the Company's assets were invested in real estate and equity securities,
and less than 1% of the Company's assets were invested in collateralized
mortgage obligations secured by residential mortgages.
REGULATION
The Company's insurance companies are subject to regulation by government
agencies in the states in which they do business. The nature and extent of
such regulation vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, but typically involve
prior approval of the acquisition of control of an insurance company or of any
company controlling an insurance company, regulation of certain transactions
entered into by an insurance company with any of its affiliates, approval of
premium rates for many lines of insurance, standards of solvency and minimum
amounts of capital and surplus which must be maintained, limitations on types
and amounts of investments, restrictions on the size of risks which may be
insured by a single company, licensing of insurers and agents, deposits of
securities for the benefit of policyholders, and reports with respect to
financial condition and other matters. In addition, state regulatory examiners
perform periodic examinations of insurance companies. Such regulation is
generally intended for the protection of policyholders rather than security
holders.
In addition to the regulatory supervision of the Company's insurance
subsidiaries, the Company is also subject to regulation under the Alabama,
Hawaii and Texas Insurance Holding Company System Regulatory Acts (the
"Holding Company Acts"). The Holding Company Acts contain certain reporting
requirements including those requiring the Company, as the ultimate parent
company, to file information relating to its capital structure, ownership, and
financial condition and general business operations of its insurance
subsidiaries. The Holding Company Acts contain special reporting and prior
approval requirements with respect to transactions among affiliates. The
Alabama Holding Company Act is generally the most significant to the Company
since it governs the Company's relationship with Vesta Fire, the Company's
principal insurance subsidiary.
Insurance companies are also affected by a variety of state and federal
legislative and regulatory measures and judicial decisions that define and
extend the risks and benefits for which insurance is sought and provided.
These include redefinitions of risk exposure in areas such as products
liability, environmental damage and employee benefits, including pensions,
workers' compensation and disability benefits. In addition, individual state
insurance departments may prevent premium rates for some classes of insureds
from reflecting the level of risk assumed by the insurer for those classes.
Such developments may adversely affect the profitability of various lines of
insurance. In some cases, these adverse effects on profitability can be
minimized through repricing of coverages, if permitted by applicable
regulations, or limitation or cessation of the affected business.
Restrictions on Dividends to Stockholders. The Company's insurance
subsidiaries are subject to various state statutory and regulatory
restrictions, generally applicable to each insurance company in its state of
incorporation, which limit the amount of dividends or distributions by an
insurance company to its stockholders. The restrictions are generally based on
certain levels of surplus, investment income
13
and operating income, as determined under statutory accounting practices.
Alabama and Texas law permits dividends in any year which, together with other
dividends or distributions made within the preceding 12 months, do not exceed
the greater of (i) 10% of statutory surplus as of the end of the preceding
year or (ii) the net income for the preceding year, with larger dividends
payable only after receipt of prior regulatory approval. Hawaii law limits
dividends to the lesser of (i) and (ii) without prior approval. Certain other
extraordinary transactions between an insurance company and its affiliates,
also are subject to prior approval by the Department of Insurance. Future
dividends from the Company's subsidiaries may be limited by business and
regulatory considerations. However, based upon restrictions presently in
effect, the maximum amount available for payment of dividends to the Company
by its insurance subsidiaries in 1996 without prior approval of regulatory
authorities is approximately $50.7 million.
Insurance Regulation Concerning Change or Acquisition of Control. Certain
subsidiaries of the Company are domestic property and casualty insurance
companies organized under the insurance codes of Alabama, Hawaii and Texas
(the "Insurance Codes"). The Insurance Codes contain a provision to the effect
that the acquisition or change of "control" of a domestic insurer or of any
person that controls a domestic insurer cannot be consummated without the
prior approval of the relevant insurance regulatory authority. A person
seeking to acquire control, directly or indirectly, of a domestic insurance
company or of any person controlling a domestic insurance company must
generally file with the relevant insurance regulatory authority an application
for change of control (commonly known as a "Form A") containing certain
information required by statute and published regulations and provide a copy
of such Form A to the domestic insurer. In Alabama, control is presumed to
exist if any person, directly or indirectly, owns, controls, holds with the
power to vote or holds proxies representing 5% or more of the voting
securities of any other person. In Texas and Hawaii, control is presumed to
exist if any person, directly or indirectly, or with members of the person's
immediate family, owns, controls, or holds with the power to vote, or if any
person other than a corporate officer or director of a person holds proxies
representing, 10% or more of the voting securities of any other person.
In addition, many state insurance regulatory laws contain provisions that
require pre-notification to state agencies of a change in control of a non-
domestic admitted insurance company in that state. While such prenotification
statutes do not authorize the state agency to disapprove the change of
control, such statutes do authorize issuance of a cease and desist order with
respect to the non-domestic admitted insurer if certain conditions exist such
as undue market concentration.
Any future transactions that would constitute a change in control of the
Company would also generally require prior approval by the Insurance
Department of Alabama, Hawaii and Texas and would require preacquisition
notification in those states which have adopted preacquisition notification
provisions and wherein the insurers are admitted to transact business. Such
requirements may deter, delay or prevent certain transactions affecting the
control of the Company or the ownership of the Company's common stock,
including transactions that could be advantageous to the stockholders of the
Company.
Membership in Insolvency Funds and Associations; Mandatory Pools. Most
states require property and casualty insurers to become members of insolvency
funds or associations which generally protect policyholders against the
insolvency of an insurer writing insurance in the state. Members of the fund
or association must contribute to the payment of certain claims made against
insolvent insurers. Maximum contributions required by law in any one year vary
between 1% and 2% of annual premiums written by a member in that state.
The Company is also required to participate in various mandatory insurance
facilities or in funding mandatory pools, which are generally designed to
provide insurance coverage for consumers who are unable to obtain insurance in
the voluntary insurance market. Among the pools in which the Company
14
participates are those established in coastal states to provide windstorm and
other similar types of property coverage. These pools typically require all
companies writing property insurance in the state for which the pool has been
established to fund deficiencies experienced by the pool based upon each
company's relative premium writings in that state, with any excess funding
typically distributed to the participating companies on the same basis. To the
extent that these assessments are not covered by the Company's reinsurance
treaties, they may have an adverse effect on the Company.
Total assessments from insolvency funds, associations and mandatory pools
were $748,309, $998,555 and $531,380 for 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively.
Some of these payments are recoverable through future policy surcharges and
premium tax reductions.
Various states in which the Company is doing business have established
certain shared market facilities with respect to the coverage of windstorm and
hurricane losses in the state. The Company is subject to assessments under
these facilities up to certain prescribed limits (which are generally based on
its share of the property insurance market in the state) if funds in the state
facility are inadequate to pay such losses on insured risks. The Company
believes that such assessments generally would be treated as a catastrophic
loss under the Company's catastrophe reinsurance programs.
During the past several years, various regulatory and legislative bodies
have adopted or proposed new laws or regulations to deal with the cyclical
nature of the insurance industry, catastrophic events and insurance capacity
and pricing. These regulations include (i) the creation of "markets assistance
plans" under which insurers are induced to provide certain coverages, (ii)
restrictions on the ability of insurers to cancel certain policies in mid-
term, (iii) advance notice requirements or limitations imposed for certain
policy non-renewals and (iv) limitations upon or decreases in rates permitted
to be charged.
Risk-Basked Capital Requirements. The NAIC adopted risk-based capital
requirements that require insurance companies to calculate and report
information under a risk-based formula which attempts to measure statutory
capital and surplus needs based on the risks in a company's mix of products
and investment portfolio. The formula is designed to allow state insurance
regulators to identify potential weakly capitalized companies. Under the
formula, a company determines its "risk-based capital" ("RBC") by taking into
account certain risks related to the insurer's assets (including risks related
to its investment portfolio and ceded reinsurance) and the insurer's
liabilities (including underwriting risks related to the nature and experience
of its insurance business). Risk-based capital rules provide for different
levels of regulatory attention depending on the ratio of a company's total
adjusted capital to its "authorized control level" ("ACL") of RBC. Based on
calculations made by the Company, the risk-based capital levels for each of
the Company's insurance subsidiaries did not trigger regulatory attention.
Effect of Federal Legislation. Although the federal government does not
directly regulate the business of insurance, federal initiatives often affect
the insurance business in a variety of ways. Current and proposed federal
measures which may significantly affect the insurance business include federal
government participation in asbestos and other product liability claims,
pension regulation (ERISA), examination of the taxation of insurers and
reinsurers, minimum levels of liability insurance and automobile safety
regulations.
NAIC-IRIS Ratios. The NAIC has developed its Insurance Regulatory
Information System ("IRIS") to assist state insurance departments in
identifying significant changes in the operations of an insurance company,
such as changes in its product mix, large reinsurance transactions, increases
or decreases in premiums received and certain other changes in operations.
Such changes may not result from any problems with an insurance company but
merely indicate changes in certain ratios outside ranges defined as normal by
the NAIC. When an insurance company has four or more ratios falling outside
"normal ranges," state regulators may investigate to determine the reasons for
the variance and whether corrective action is warranted.
15
In 1995, Vesta Fire had two ratios which varied unfavorably from the "usual
value" range as follows:
VESTA
RATIO USUAL RANGE FIRE RATIO
- ----- ----------- ----------
Change in Net Writings................................... 33 to (33) 81
Change in Surplus........................................ 50 to (10) 57
The Change in Writings Ratio was impacted by Vesta Fire Group's increase in
net premiums written from approximately $260 million in 1994 to $460 million
in 1995, resulting in a ratio outside the usual range. Additionally, the
change in Vesta Fire's surplus ratio was impacted by a $90 million capital
contribution from its parent company.
ACQUISITIONS
Effective December 31, 1996, Vesta Insurance Group, Inc. (the "Company")
acquired control of Ranger County Mutual Insurance Company ("Ranger County"),
through its acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of
Ranger General Agency, Inc. from Ranger Insurance Company ("Ranger"), Houston,
Texas, for $7.5 million in cash. The purchase price was funded with available
cash. Due to immateriality, the effect of this acquisition has not been
reflected in the 1996 financial statements.
Ranger County is a mutual company organized under Chapter 17 of the Texas
Insurance Code, and, as such, enjoys certain regulatory advantages, including
the ability to establish rates without the approval of the Texas Insurance
Commission. Vesta Fire Insurance Corporation ("Vesta Fire"), the Company's
principal insurance subsidiary, currently writes certain automobile and
associated lines of business in Texas through a similar mutual company for
which it pays commissions. Vesta Fire will now write these lines of business
through Ranger County and, by doing so, will recognize significant savings as
a result of the Company's control of Ranger County.
Ranger County has moved its operations to Dallas, and changed its name to
Vesta County Mutual Insurance Company. All of Ranger County's existing
business, as well as certain additional business which the Company will permit
Ranger to write through Ranger County for a period of two years, will be
reinsured 100% by Ranger, and the Company will not assume any risk associated
with this business.
COMPETITION
The property and casualty insurance industry is highly competitive on the
basis of both price and service. The Company competes for direct business with
other stock companies, specialty insurance organizations, mutual insurance
companies and other underwriting organizations, some of which are
substantially larger and have greater financial resources than the Company.
The Company also faces competition from foreign insurance companies and from
"captive" insurance companies and "risk retention" groups (i.e., those
established by insureds to provide insurance for themselves.) In the future,
the industry, including the Company, may face increasing insurance
underwriting competition from banks and other financial institutions.
The property and casualty reinsurance business is also highly competitive.
Competition in the types of reinsurance in which the Company is engaged is
based on many factors, including the perceived overall financial strength of
the reinsurer, premiums charged, contract terms and conditions, services
offered, speed of claims payment, reputation and experience. Competitors
include independent reinsurance companies, subsidiaries or affiliates of
established domestic or worldwide insurance companies, reinsurance departments
of certain primary insurance companies and underwriting syndicates.
RELATIONSHIP WITH TORCHMARK
Prior to the initial public offering of its common stock in November 1993,
the Company was a wholly owned subsidiary of Torchmark. As of December 31,
1996, Torchmark owned approximately 27% of the issued and outstanding common
stock of the Company. R.K. Richey, the Chairman and
16
Chief Executive Officer of Torchmark, serves as a director and the Chairman of
the Board of the Company and Keith A. Tucker, Vice Chairman of Torchmark,
serves as a director of the Company. Prior to its initial public offering, the
Company entered into several agreements with Torchmark and certain of its
subsidiaries regarding the future relationship of the Company and Torchmark.
Among these are a lease agreement, pursuant to which the Company leases its
headquarters building, and an investment services agreement, pursuant to which
the Company receives investment advice and services in connection with the
management of the Company's investment portfolio. Until recently, the Company
marketed lower value personal dwelling insurance in six states through agents
of LNL, pursuant to a written marketing agreement between the Company and LNL.
However, LNL terminated this agreement in 1995 and will no longer market these
products through its agents.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1996, the Company employed 220 persons. The Company
believes that its employee relations are good and no employee lawsuits are
currently pending. The Company's employees are neither represented by labor
unions nor are they subject to any collective bargaining agreements.
Management knows of no current efforts to establish labor unions or collective
bargaining agreements.
A.M. BEST RATING
The Company's insurance subsidiaries are rated "A" (Excellent, the third
highest rating category) by A.M. Best, which rates insurance companies based
upon factors of concern to policyholders.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The Company leases approximately 45,091 square feet for its home office at
3760 River Run Drive, Birmingham, Alabama under a long-term operating lease
from Torchmark Development Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Torchmark
Corporation. The Company considers the office facilities to be suitable and
adequate for its current and anticipated level of operations.
HIG leases approximately 24,755 square feet for its operations at 1001
Bishop Street Pacific Tower, Honolulu, Hawaii under a long-term operating
lease. The Company considers the office facilities to be suitable and adequate
for HIG's current and anticipated level of operations.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company, through its subsidiaries, is routinely a party to pending or
threatened legal proceedings and arbitrations. These proceedings involve
alleged breaches of contract, torts, including bad faith and fraud claims and
miscellaneous other causes of action. These lawsuits may include claims for
punitive damages in addition to other specified relief. Based upon information
presently available, and in light of legal and other defenses available to the
Company and its subsidiaries, management does not consider liability from any
threatened or pending litigation to be material.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTER
(a) Market Information
Since November 11, 1993, the Common Stock has been traded on the New York
Stock Exchange under the symbol "VTA". Prior to November 11, 1993, there was
no established public trading market for the Common Stock. The stock began
trading on November 11, 1993, at $16.67 per share. The amounts in the table
below have been adjusted for the 3-for-2 stock split paid on January 22, 1996.
17
Quarterly high and low market prices of the Company's common stock in 1995
were as follows:
QUARTER ENDED HIGH LOW
------------- ------ ------
March 31.................................................... $21.67 $18.42
June 30..................................................... 22.92 20.00
September 30................................................ 26.42 22.17
December 31................................................. 37.00 22.32
Quarterly high and low market prices of the Company's common stock in 1996
were as follows:
QUARTER ENDED HIGH LOW
------------- ------ ------
March 31.................................................... $35.50 $28.25
June 30..................................................... 36.88 28.13
September 30................................................ 39.75 33.50
December 31................................................. 38.75 25.63
(b) Number of Holders of Common Stock
There were 110 shareholders of record on January 15, 1997 including
shareholder accounts held in nominee form.
(c) Dividend History and Restrictions
The Company's Board of Directors has established a policy of declaring
regular quarterly cash dividends on the Company's common stock. The
declaration and payment of dividends will be at the discretion of the
Company's Board of Directors and will depend upon many factors, including the
Company's financial condition and earnings, the capital requirements of the
Company's operating subsidiaries, legal requirements and regulatory
constraints. Accordingly, there is no requirement or assurance that dividends
will be declared or paid.
The dividends paid by the Company on its common stock for the past two years
were as follows (in thousands):
QUARTER 1995 1996
------- ----- ----
First............................ $ 628 $708
Second........................... -0- 709
Third............................ 1,256 704
Fourth........................... 628 715
Alabama, Hawaii and Texas impose restrictions on the payment of dividends to
the Company by the Company's insurance subsidiaries in excess of certain
amounts without prior regulatory approval. The Company does not currently
expect that regulatory constraints or other restrictions will affect its
ability to declare and pay the quarterly dividends contemplated by the
Company's dividend policy described above.
18
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following information should be read in conjunction with the Company's
Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes reported elsewhere in this
Form 10-K.
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT PER SHARE AND PERCENTAGE DATA)
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
DATA
Gross Premiums Written.. $165,834 $225,428 $354,830 $586,782 $769,586
Net Premiums Written.... 110,069 158,953 259,710 459,228 540,632
Net Premiums Earned..... 98,383 143,810 259,952 381,802 511,912
Net Investment Income... 7,389 8,949 12,999 17,972 23,148
Investment Gains 505 (2) (695) 276 32
(Losses).................
Other................... 576 368 100 216 188
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Total Revenues.......... 106,853 153,125 272,356 400,266 535,280
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Losses and LAE Incurred. 50,279 75,369 140,281 219,091 294,920
Policy Acquisition and 44,503 58,281 88,295 111,806 154,598
Other Underwriting
Expenses.................
Amortization of -- -- -- 264 484
Goodwill.................
Interest Expense........ -- -- 1,708 5,273 10,059
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Total Losses and 94,782 133,650 230,284 336,434 460,061
Expenses.................
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Income From Operations 12,071 19,475 42,072 63,832 75,219
Before Income Tax........
Income Tax.............. 3,805 6,531 12,843 21,133 24,982
Change in Accounting -- 1,939 -- -- --
(1)......................
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Net Income.............. $ 8,266 $ 14,883 $ 29,229 $ 42,699 $ 50,237
======== ======== ======== ======== =========
Earnings Per Share, 0.67 0.91 1.55 2.27 2.66
Before Change in
Accounting(6)............
Earnings Per Share(6)... 0.67 1.05 1.55 2.27 2.66
Shares used in per share 12,450 14,268 18,812 18,842 18,860
calculation(6)...........
BALANCE SHEET DATA (AT
END OF PERIOD)
Total Investments and $101,167 $250,948 $300,186 $422,516 $427,276
Cash.....................
Total Assets (2)........ 169,992 405,691 510,290 817,624 1,013,581
Reserves For Losses and 21,976 78,285 120,980 199,314 247,224
LAE (2)..................
Long Term Debt.......... -- 28,000 28,000 98,163 98,279
Total Liabilities (2)... 78,378 196,588 276,415 537,005 694,878
Stockholders' Equity.... 91,614 209,103 233,875 280,619 318,703
CERTAIN FINANCIAL RATIOS
AND OTHER DATA
GAAP
Loss and LAE Ratio...... 51.1% 52.4% 53.9% 57.4% 57.6%
Underwriting Expense 45.2 40.5 34.0 29.3 30.2
Ratio....................
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Combined Ratio.......... 96.3% 92.9% 87.9% 86.7% 87.8%
======== ======== ======== ======== =========
SAP (3)
Loss and LAE Ratio...... 52.6% 51.7% 54.0% 57.2% 57.9%
Underwriting Expense 45.0 40.1 35.4 33.4 31.8
Ratio....................
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Combined Ratio.......... 97.6% 91.8% 89.4% 90.6% 89.7%
======== ======== ======== ======== =========
Net Premiums Written to 1.61x .79x 1.18x 1.44x 1.53x
Surplus Ratio............
Surplus................. $ 68,159 $201,752 $212,507 $318,997 $ 352,695
STATUTORY INDUSTRY DATA
(4)
Combined Ratio for 115.8% 106.9% 108.3% 106.4% 107.0%(5)
Property and Casualty
Insurers.................
- --------
(1) During the first quarter of 1993, Vesta adopted FASB Statement Number 109,
which resulted in a one-time addition to after-tax earnings of $2,321,000.
Vesta also adopted FASB Statement No. 106 which resulted in a one-time
after tax charge to earnings of $382,000. The implementation of these
standards is not expected to have a material impact on future earnings.
(2) Effective as of January 1, 1993, the Company adopted FASB Statement Number
113. The prior periods have not been restated. See Note J of Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.
(3) Statutory data have been derived from the financial statements of the
Company prepared in accordance with SAP and filed with insurance
regulatory authorities.
(4) The statutory industry data are taken from the A. M. Best Company,
Aggregates and Averages, 1996 Edition.
(5) 1996 estimate by A. M. Best, Reviews and Previews, January 1997 Edition.
(6) Restated for 3-for-2 stock split paid on January 22, 1996.
19
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
The Company writes treaty reinsurance and primary insurance on selected
personal and commercial lines risks. In both its reinsurance and primary
insurance operations, the Company focuses principally on property coverages,
for which ultimate losses generally can be more promptly determined than on
casualty risks. The Company's revenues from operations are derived primarily
from net premiums earned on risks written and reinsured by the Company,
investment income and investment gains or losses, while expenses consist
primarily of payments for claims losses and underwriting expenses, including
agents' commissions and operating expenses.
Significant factors influencing results of operations include the supply and
demand for property and casualty insurance and reinsurance, as well as the
number and magnitude of catastrophic losses such as hurricanes, windstorms,
fires and severely cold weather. Premium rate levels are affected by the
availability of insurance coverage which is influenced by levels of surplus in
the industry and other factors. Increases in surplus have generally been
accompanied by increased price competition among property and casualty
insurers. Pricing in this business has weakened slightly due to increased
availability of reinsurance market capacity.
The Company seeks to manage its risk exposure by adjusting the mix and
volume of business written in response to changes in price, balancing the
geographic distribution of its risks, maintaining extensive reinsurance and
retrocessional programs and applying the Company's knowledge of primary
insurance markets to its reinsurance business. Management believes that this
strategy accounts, in part, for combined ratios that are lower than the
property and casualty industry average.
The Company has historically followed a practice of maintaining low
retentions in its primary and reinsurance business to reduce the variability
of its earnings. As a result of this practice and the Company's focus on
short-tail property coverages, the Company's loss reserve levels historically
have remained relatively stable from year to year despite changes in premium
volume. The Company is continuing to cede portions of insurance risks while
using its capital base to gradually increase, on a selective basis, its
retention of certain property risks.
Because catastrophe loss events are by their nature unpredictable,
historical results of operations may not be indicative of expected results of
future operations. The Company markets its primary personal insurance products
principally in the southeastern United States and Hawaii, an area known for
hurricane risk. While the Company seeks to reduce its exposure to catastrophic
events through the purchase of reinsurance, the occurrence of one or more
major catastrophes in any given period could have a material adverse impact on
the Company's results of operations and financial condition and result in
substantial outflows of cash as losses are paid. In addition, the increased
underwritings of catastrophe related reinsurance, and potential residual
market assessments may also lead to increased variability in the Company's
loss ratio.
On December 31, 1996 the Company terminated the 75% pro rata reinsurance
contract on its homeowners and dwelling lines of business (excluding HIG)
produced through independent agents and also on its homeowners and dwelling
lines of business in the financial services business. The cancellation enables
the Company to increase its net writings in the personal lines of business.
20
In July of 1996, Vesta Fire entered into a pro-rata reinsurance facility
covering substantially all primary and assumed business in order to provide
capital flexibility to take advantage of growth opportunities in the future.
This reinsurance facility had the effect of reducing net premiums written in
the second half of 1996 by $98.0 million.
COMPARISON OF THE FISCAL YEAR 1996 TO THE FISCAL YEAR 1995
Gross Premiums Written; Net Premiums Written; Net Premiums Earned. Gross
premiums written increased by $182.8 million, or 31.2%, to $769.6 million for
the year ended December 31, 1996, from $586.8 million for the year ended
December 31, 1995, as gross premiums written on reinsurance risks increased by
$192.7 million and gross premiums written on primary insurance risks decreased
by $9.9 million. Net premiums written increased by $81.4 million, or 17.7%, to
$540.6 million for the year ended December 31, 1996, from $459.2 million for
the year ended December 31, 1995.
Gross premiums written for reinsurance increased by $192.7 million, or
45.6%, to $615.4 million for the year ended December 31, 1996, from $422.7
million for the year ended December 31, 1995. This growth was largely
attributable to an increase in gross premiums written on pro rata business.
The growth in pro-rata reinsurance gross premiums written was largely due to
growth in existing accounts as well as the addition of new accounts in the
1996 period as compared to the 1995 period. Net premiums written for
reinsurance increased $87.8 million, or 24.5%, to $446.1 million for the year
ended December 31, 1996, from $358.3 million for the year ended December 31,
1995.
Gross premiums written for primary insurance decreased by $9.9 million, or
6.0%, to $154.2 million for the year ended December 31, 1996, from $164.1
million for the year ended December 31, 1995, due to a $13.9 million decrease
in commercial lines premiums and a $4.0 million increase in personal lines
premiums. Gross premiums written for commercial products decreased 23.6%, to
$44.6 million for the year ended December 31, 1996, compared to $58.4 million
for the year ended December 31, 1995, due primarily to the Company's re-
underwriting of its book of business in an effort to increase profitability in
commercial lines. Gross premiums on personal lines rose 3.8% from $105.6
million for the year ended December 31, 1995 to $109.6 million for the year
ended December 31, 1996. The increase was primarily attributable to the
acquisition of HIG in June of 1995.
Net premiums written for primary insurance decreased by $6.3 million, or
6.2%, to $94.6 million for the year ended December 31, 1996, from $100.9
million for the year ended December 31, 1995. The decrease in net premiums
written was largely attributable to a pro-rata reinsurance facility entered
into by Vesta Fire Insurance Corporation ("Vesta Fire") to provide capital
flexibility to take advantage of growth opportunities.
Net premiums earned increased by $130.1 million, or 34.1%, to $511.9 million
for the year ended December 31, 1996, from $381.8 million for the year ended
December 31, 1995. The increase in net premiums earned is primarily
attributable to the increase in net written premiums for the year ended
December 31, 1996.
Net Investment Income. Net investment income increased by $5.1 million, or
28.3%, to $23.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1996, from $18.0
million for the year ended December 31, 1995. The weighted average yield on
invested assets (excluding realized and unrealized gains) was 5.6 % for the
year ended December 31, 1996, compared with 5.8% for the year ended December
31, 1995. The increase in net investment income is primarily attributable to
an increase in average invested assets relating to the receipt of proceeds
from the sale by the Company of $100 million of its 8.75% Senior Debentures
due 2025 and operating cash flow.
Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred. Losses and loss adjustment
expenses ("LAE") increased by $76.0 million, or 34.7%, to $295.0 million for
the year ended December 31, 1996, from $219.0 million for the year ended
December 31, 1995. The dollar amount of loss and loss adjustment expenses
incurred increased during 1996 due to the growth in premiums earned. The loss
and LAE ratio for the year ended December 31, 1996 was 57.6% as compared to
57.4% for the year ended December 31, 1995.
21
Policy Acquisition and Other Underwriting Expenses. Policy acquisition and
other underwriting expenses increased by $42.8 million, or 38.3%, to $154.6
million for the year ended December 31, 1996, from $111.8 million for the year
ended December 31, 1995. The underwriting expense ratio for the year ended
December 31, 1996, was 30.2%, as compared to 29.3% for the year ended
December 31, 1995. The increase in the underwriting expenses was primarily due
to the growth in premiums written.
Federal Income Taxes. Federal income taxes increased by $3.9 million, or
18.5%, to $25.0 million for the year ended December 31, 1996. The effective
rate on pre-tax income increased only slightly from 33.1% to 33.2 % for the
year ended December 31, 1996.
Net Income. For the reasons discussed above, net income increased by $7.5
million, or 17.6%, to $50.2 million for the year ended December 31, 1996, from
$42.7 million for the year ended December 31, 1995.
COMPARISON OF FISCAL YEAR 1995 TO FISCAL YEAR 1994
Gross Premiums Written; Net Premiums Written; Net Premiums Earned. Gross
premiums written increased by $231.9 million, or 65.4%, to $586.8 million for
the year ended December 31, 1995, from $354.8 million for the year ended
December 31, 1994, as gross premiums written on reinsurance risks increased by
$180.7 million and gross premiums written on primary insurance risks increased
by $51.2 million. Net premiums written increased by $199.5 million, or 76.8%,
to $459.2 million for the year ended December 31, 1995, from $259.7 million
for the year ended December 31, 1994.
Gross premiums written for reinsurance increased by $180.7 million, or
74.7%, to $422.7 million for the year ended December 31, 1995, from $242.0
million for the year ended December 31, 1994. This growth was attributable to
an increase in gross premiums written on pro rata business. The growth in pro-
rata reinsurance gross premiums written was due to growth in existing accounts
as well as the addition of new accounts in the 1995 period as compared to the
1994 period. Net premiums written for reinsurance increased $165.2 million, or
85.6%, to $358.3 million for the year ended December 31, 1995, from $193.1
million for the year ended December 31, 1994.
Gross premiums written for primary insurance increased by $51.4 million, or
45.6%, to $164.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1995, from $112.7
million for the year ended December 31, 1994, due to a $9.4 million increase
in commercial lines premiums and a $41.9 million increase in personal lines
premiums. Gross premiums written for commercial products increased 19.2%, to
$58.4 million for the year ended December 31, 1995, compared to $49.0 million
for the year ended December 31, 1994, due primarily to increased sales of
property casualty products to a certain class of accounts and an increase in
transportation business. Gross premiums on personal lines rose 65.9%, from
$63.7 million for the year ended December 31, 1994 to $105.6 million for the
year ended December 31, 1995. The increase was primarily attributable to the
acquisition of HIG in June of 1995.
Net premiums written for primary insurance increased by $34.3 million, or
51.5%, to $100.9 million for the year ended December 31, 1995, from $66.6
million for the year ended December 31, 1994.
Net premiums earned increased by $121.8 million, or 46.9%, to $381.8 million
for the year ended December 31, 1995, from $260.0 million for the year ended
December 31, 1994. The increase in net premiums earned is primarily
attributable to the increase in net written premiums for the year ended
December 31, 1995.
Net Investment Income. Net investment income increased by $5.0 million, or
38.3%, to $18.0 million for the year ended December 31, 1995, from $13.0
million for the year ended December 31, 1994. The weighted average yield on
invested assets (excluding realized and unrealized gains) was 5.8% for the
year ended December 31, 1995, compared with 5.3% for the year ended December
31,
22
1994. The increase in net investment income is primarily attributable to an
increase in average invested assets relating to the receipt of proceeds from
the sale by the Company of $100 million of its 8.75% Senior Debentures due
2025, operating cash flow, and the increase in yield on invested assets.
Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Incurred. Losses and loss adjustment
expenses ("LAE") increased by $78.8 million, or 56.2%, to $219.0 million for
the year ended December 31, 1995, from $140.2 million for the year ended
December 31, 1994. The loss and LAE ratio for the year ended December 31, 1995
was 57.4% as compared to 53.9% for the year ended December 31, 1994. This
increased loss and LAE ratio for 1995 period was due principally to an
increased frequency of losses and the effect of a greater percentage of pro-
rata business in the mix of reinsurance written by the Company. Pro-rata
business tends to carry lower, but more stable margins than excess
reinsurance.
Policy Acquisition and Other Underwriting Expenses. Policy acquisition and
other underwriting expenses increased by $23.5 million, or 26.6%, to $111.8
million for the year ended December 31, 1995, from $88.3 million for the year
ended December 31, 1994. The underwriting expense ratio for the year ended
December 31, 1995 was 29.3%, as compared to 34.0% for the year ended December
31, 1994. The decrease in the underwriting expense ratio resulted principally
from the stability of fixed operating expenses relative to increases in net
premiums earned and, to a lesser extent, from a decline in contingent
commissions paid to agents and ceding reinsurers.
Federal Income Taxes. Federal income taxes increased by $8.3 million, or
64.8%, to $21.1 million for the year ended December 31, 1995. The effective
rate on pre-tax income increased from 30.5% to 33.1% for the year ended
December 31, 1995. This increase was due primarily to a smaller portion of
income from tax free municipal bonds in the 1995 period versus the 1994
period.
Net Income. For the reasons discussed above, net income increased by $13.5
million, or 46.1%, to $42.7 million for the year ended December 31, 1995, from
$29.2 million for the year ended December 31, 1994.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company is a holding company whose principal asset is its investment in
the capital stock of the companies constituting the Vesta Group, a group of
wholly owned property and casualty insurance companies including Vesta Fire.
The several insurance company subsidiaries comprising Vesta Group are
individually supervised by state insurance regulators. Vesta Fire is the
principal operating subsidiary of the Company.
As a holding company with no other business operations, the Company relies
primarily upon dividend payments from Vesta Fire to meet its cash requirements
(including its debt service) and to pay dividends to its stockholders.
Transactions between Vesta Fire and the Company, including the payment of
dividends by Vesta Fire, are subject to certain limitations under the
insurance laws of Alabama. Specifically, Alabama and Texas law permits the
payment of dividends in any year which, together with other dividends or
distributions made within the preceding 12 months, do not exceed the greater
of 10% of statutory surplus as of the end of the preceding year or the net
income for the preceding year, with larger dividends payable only after
receipt of prior regulatory approval. Hawaii law limits dividends to the
lesser of 10% of statutory surplus as of the end of the preceding year or the
net income for the preceding year without prior approval. Based upon
restrictions presently in effect, the maximum amount available for payment of
dividends to the Company by its insurance subsidiaries in 1997 without prior
approval of regulatory authorities is approximately $50.7 million.
The principal uses of funds at the holding company level are to pay
operating expenses, interest on outstanding indebtedness and dividends to
stockholders. During the last three years, the insurance subsidiaries of the
Company have produced operating results sufficient to fund the needs of the
Company. There can be no assurance as to the ability of the Company's
insurance subsidiaries to continue to pay dividends at current levels.
However, the Company is not aware of any demands or
23
commitments of the insurance subsidiaries that would prevent the payment of
dividends to the Company sufficient to meet the anticipated needs (including
debt service) of the Company over the next twelve months. See "Business--
Regulation."
During 1996, the Company paid approximately $2.8 million in dividends on its
common stock, and it is expected that the Company will pay approximately $2.8
million in 1997. The Company is also required to make semi-annual interest
payments of $4.4 million on its $100 million of 8.75% Senior Debentures due
2025, and semi-annual interest payments of $4.3 million on its $100 million of
8.525% Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures issued to Vesta
Capital Trust I in connection with its sale of $100 million of 8.525% Capital
Securities.
In order to provide further liquidity, the Company replaced its $40 million
line of credit with a new $100 million line of credit. The line of credit is
with a group of domestic banks pursuant to a Credit Agreement dated September
24, 1996 (the "Credit Agreement"). The Credit Agreement relating to this line
of credit contains certain covenants that require, among other things, the
Company to maintain a certain consolidated net worth, maintain a certain
amount of investment income available for the payment of interest expense,
cause each insurance subsidiary to maintain a certain total adjusted capital
and which limit the amount of indebtedness the Company can have. The Company
is in compliance with these covenants.
The principal sources of funds for the Company's insurance subsidiaries are
premiums, investment income and proceeds from the sale or maturity of invested
assets. Such funds are used principally for the payment of claims, operating
expenses, commissions and the purchase of investments. On a consolidated
basis, net cash provided from (used in) operations for the year ended December
31, 1996 and 1995, was $13.8 million and $19.9 million, respectively. Net cash
provided from operations in 1996 and 1995 was due principally to the large
increase in premiums written. Cash flow during 1996 was adversely affected by
the settlement of the unearned premium portfolio transfer on the Company's pro
rata reinsuance facility.
As of December 31, 1996, the Company's investment portfolio consisted of
cash and short-term investments (25.8%), U.S. Government securities (8.8%),
mortgage-backed securities (1.8%), corporate bonds (24.3%), foreign government
securities (0.5%), municipal bonds (36.9%) and equity securities (1.9%).
According to Moody's, 97.6% of the Company's portfolio is rated A or better.
The Company expects current cash flow to be sufficient to meet operating
needs, although invested assets have been categorized as available for sale in
the event short-term cash needs exceed available resources. The Company
adjusts its holdings of cash, short-term investments and invested assets
available for sale according to its seasonal cash flow needs. Beginning in
June of each year, the Company begins to increase its holdings of cash and
short-term investments. This practice facilitates the Company's ability to
meet its higher short-term cash needs during the hurricane season. See
"Business--Investments."
On November 1, 1996, the Company instituted a stock repurchase program under
which the Company may purchase up to two million shares of its common stock in
the open market at prevailing prices or in privately negotiated transactions,
depending on market conditions, stock price and other factors. As of December
31, 1996, the Company had purchased a total of 375,000 shares of its common
stock under this program for an aggregate purchase price of $10.2 million
(average cost of $27.31 per share). Purchases to date have been funded from
available working capital and the repurchased shares are being held in
treasury to be used for ongoing stock issuances such as issuances under the
Company's incentive compensation and stock option programs.
On January 31, 1997, Vesta Capital Trust I, a Delaware business trust
controlled by the Company, sold $100 million of its 8.525% Capital Securities.
These securities have a 30 year maturity and are not redeemable except in
certain limited circumstances. These securities were sold in a private
24
placement transaction to qualified institutional buyers under Rule 144A and
were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933. A portion of the
proceeds from the sale of these capital securities were used to repay
indebtedness under the Company's existing lines of credit and the remainder
will be used for general corporate purposes.
INFLATION
The Company does not believe its results have been materially affected by
inflation due in part to the predominantly short-tail nature of its business.
The potential adverse impacts of inflation include: (i) a decline in the
market value of the Company's fixed maturity investment portfolio; (ii) an
increase in the ultimate cost of settling claims which remain unresolved for a
significant period of time; and (iii) an increase in the Company's operating
expenses. Historically, the effect of inflation on the Company's reserves has
not been material.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Any statement contained in this report which is not a historical fact, or
which might otherwise be considered an opinion or projection concerning the
Company or its business, whether express or implied, is meant as and should be
considered a forward-looking statement as that term is defined in the Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1996. Forward-looking statements are based
on assumptions and opinions concerning a variety of known and unknown risks,
including but not necessarily limited to changes in market conditions, natural
disasters and other catastrophic events, increased competition, changes in
availability and cost of reinsurance, changes in governmental regulations, and
general economic conditions, as well as other risks more completely described
in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission,
including its most recent Annual Report of Form 10-K. If any of these
assumptions or opinions prove incorrect, any forward-looking statements made
on the basis of such assumptions or opinions may also prove materially
incorrect in one or more respects.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
PAGE
----
Independent Auditors' Report.............................................. 26
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 1995 and 1996................. 27
Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the years in the three-
year period
ended December 31, 1996.................................................. 28
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for each of the years in
the three-year period
ended December 31, 1996.................................................. 29
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the years in the three-
year period
ended December 31, 1996.................................................. 30
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................................ 31
25
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT
The Board of Directors and Stockholders Vesta Insurance Group, Inc.
Birmingham, Alabama:
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Vesta Insurance
Group, Inc. and subsidiaries as listed in Item 8 and the supporting schedules
as listed in Item 14(a)(2). These financial statements and financial statement
schedules are the responsibility of Vesta's management. Our responsibility is
to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement
schedules based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements and
financial statement schedules are free of material misstatement. An audit
includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as
well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Vesta
Insurance Group, Inc. and subsidiaries at December 31, 1996 and 1995, and the
results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the
three-year period ended December 31, 1996, in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial
statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated
financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly, in all material
respects, the information set forth therein.
KPMG PEAT MARWICK LLP
Birmingham, Alabama
January 30, 1997, except for Note Q
which is as of January 31, 1997.
26
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
AT DECEMBER 31,
--------------------
1995 1996
-------- ----------
Assets:
Investments:
Fixed maturities available for sale--at fair value
(cost: 1995--$311,157; 1996--$306,026)............... $316,551 $ 308,898
Equity securities--at fair value: (cost: 1995--$595;
1996--$4,365)............................................ 3,208 8,326
Short-term investments................................. 95,927 105,415
-------- ----------
Total investments..................................... 415,686 422,639
Cash.................................................... 6,832 4,637
Accrued investment income............................... 5,548 5,392
Premiums in course of collection (net of allowances for
losses of
$70 in 1995 and $70 in 1996)........................... 184,717 259,275
Reinsurance balances receivable......................... 74,153 115,768
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses.................. 44,335 69,698
Deferred policy acquisition costs....................... 67,831 75,532
Property and equipment.................................. 3,682 3,920
Other assets............................................ 7,318 49,381
Goodwill................................................ 7,522 7,339
-------- ----------
Total assets.......................................... $817,624 $1,013,581
======== ==========
Liabilities:
Reserves for:
Losses and loss adjustment expenses.................... 199,314 247,224
Unearned premiums...................................... 168,512 228,325
-------- ----------
367,826 475,549
Accrued income taxes.................................... 15,969 21,463
Reinsurance balances payable............................ 27,748 51,162
Other liabilities....................................... 12,299 26,425
Short term debt......................................... 15,000 22,000
Long term debt.......................................... 98,163 98,279
-------- ----------
Total liabilities..................................... 537,005 694,878
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity
Preferred stock, 5,000,000 shares authorized, none
issued................................................... -- --
Common stock, $.01 par value, 32,000,000 shares
authorized,
issued: 1995--18,878,190 shares; 1996--18,970,695
shares................................................. 189 190
Additional paid-in capital.............................. 159,449 161,037
Unrealized investment gains, net of applicable taxes.... 5,205 4,442
Retained earnings....................................... 119,458 166,795
Receivable from issuance of restricted stock............ (3,162) (3,207)
Treasury stock.......................................... (520) (10,554)
-------- ----------
Total stockholders' equity............................ 280,619 318,703
-------- ----------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity............ $817,624 $1,013,581
======== ==========
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
27
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------
1994 1995 1996
-------- -------- --------
Revenues:
Net premiums written............................. $259,710 $459,228 $540,632
(Increase) decrease in unearned premiums......... 242 (77,426) (28,720)
-------- -------- --------
Net premiums earned.............................. 259,952 381,802 511,912
Net investment income............................ 12,999 17,972 23,148
Realized investment gains (losses)............... (695) 276 32
Other............................................ 100 216 188
-------- -------- --------
Total revenues................................. 272,356 400,266 535,280
Expenses:
Losses incurred.................................. 132,048 206,513 273,090
Loss adjustment expenses incurred................ 8,233 12,578 21,830
Policy acquisition expenses...................... 69,009 87,022 127,503
Operating expenses............................... 15,779 18,747 21,167
Premium taxes and fees........................... 3,507 6,037 5,928
Interest on debt................................. 1,708 5,273 10,059
Goodwill amortization............................ -- 264 484
-------- -------- --------
Total expenses................................. 230,284 336,434 460,061
Net income before income taxes.................... 42,072 63,832 75,219
Income taxes...................................... 12,843 21,133 24,982
-------- -------- --------
Net income..................................... $ 29,229 $ 42,699 $ 50,237
======== ======== ========
Net income per common share.................... $ 1.55 $ 2.27 $ 2.66
======== ======== ========
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
28
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
RECEIVABLE
ADDITIONAL FROM
PREFERRED COMMON PAID-IN UNREALIZED RETAINED TREASURY RESTRICTED
STOCK STOCK CAPITAL GAINS/(LOSSES) EARNINGS STOCK STOCK
--------- ------ ---------- -------------- -------- -------- ----------
Balance, December 31,
1993.................. -- 188 156,916 2,575 51,923 -- (2,499)
Net income.............. -- -- -- -- 29,229 -- --
Issuance of stock (1)... -- -- 1,135 -- -- -- (1,135)
Change in restricted
stock receivable....... -- -- -- -- -- -- 257
Common dividends
declared ($.20 per
share)................. -- -- -- -- (1,881) -- --
Net change in unrealized
gains.................. -- -- -- (2,833) -- -- --
----- --- ------- ------ ------- ------- ------
Balance, December 31,
1994.................. -- 188 158,051 (258) 79,271 -- (3,377)
Net income.............. -- -- -- -- 42,699 -- --
Issuance of stock (1)... -- 1 1,297 -- -- -- --
Change in restricted
stock receivable....... -- -- -- -- -- -- 215
Treasury stock
transactions........... -- -- -- -- -- (520) --
Common dividends
declared
(0.20 per share)....... -- -- -- -- (2,512) -- --
Net change in unrealized
gains.................. -- -- -- 5,463 -- -- --
Tax Benefit from
exercise of stock
options................ -- -- 101 -- -- -- --
----- --- ------- ------ ------- ------- ------
Balance, December
31,1995............... -- 189 159,449 5,205 119,458 (520) (3,162)
Net income.............. -- -- -- -- 50,237 -- --
Issuance of stock(1).... -- 1 1,188 -- -- 563 --
Change in restricted
stock receivable....... -- -- -- -- -- -- (45)
Treasury stock
transactions........... -- -- 63 -- (64) (10,597) --
Common dividends
declared (0.15 per
share)................. -- -- -- -- (2,836) -- --
Net change in unrealized
gains.................. -- -- -- (763) -- -- --
Tax benefit from
exercise of stock
options................ -- -- 337 -- -- -- --
----- --- ------- ------ ------- ------- ------
Balance, December
31,1996............... -- 190 161,037 4,442 166,795 (10,554) (3,207)
===== === ======= ====== ======= ======= ======
- --------
(1) See Note O.
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
29
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW
(DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------
1994 1995 1996
-------- --------- -------
Operating Activities:
Net income...................................... $ 29,229 $ 42,699 $50,237
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash
provided from operations:
Changes in:
Loss and LAE reserves......................... 42,684 63,986 47,910
Unearned premium reserves..................... (240) 67,514 59,813
Accrued income taxes.......................... 2,823 5,887 3,794
Reinsurance balances payable.................. 7,873 (214) (18,201)
Other liabilities............................. (2,489) 3,868 14,126
Premiums in course of collection.............. (10,207) (110,088) (74,558)
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses........ (12,463) (16,295) (25,363)
Other assets.................................. 3,233 (5,195) (39,632)
Policy acquisition costs deferred.............. (29,057) (73,466) (60,797)
Policy acquisition costs amortized............. 23,826 38,419 53,096
Investment (gains) losses...................... 695 (276) (32)
Amortization and depreciation.................. 2,585 3,229 3,562
Loss on disposition of property, plant, -- (213) (115)
equipment........................................
-------- --------- -------
Net cash provided from operations............. 58,492 19,855 13,840
Investing Activities:
Investments sold or matured:
Fixed maturities held to maturity--matured, 10,992 18,316 --
called......................................
Fixed maturities available for sale--sold....... 13,752 7,664 --
Fixed maturities available for sale--matured, 7,134 46,940 43,811
called......................................
Equity securities............................... -- 2,738 --
Real estate..................................... -- 554 --
Investments acquired:
Fixed maturities held to maturity............... (55,747) -- --
Fixed maturities available for sale............. (52,651) (138,680) (37,239)
Equity securities............................... -- (82) (7,326)
Net cash paid for acquisition(1)................ -- (35,974) --
Net (increase) decrease in short-term 37,610 (17,571) (9,490)
investments......................................
Additions to property and equipment............. (829) (2,604) (1,754)
Dispositions of property and equipment.......... 130 533 236
-------- --------- -------
Net cash used in investing activities......... (39,609) (118,166) (11,762)
Financing Activities:
Long-term borrowing............................. -- (28,000) --
Issuance of long & short term debt.............. -- 113,162 7,116
Acquisition of treasury stock................... -- (520) (10,034)
Dividends paid.................................. (1,881) (2,512) (2,836)
Capital contributions........................... -- 1,614 1,481
-------- --------- -------
Net cash provided from (used in) financing (1,881) 83,744 (4,273)
activities.......................................
-------- --------- -------
Increase (decrease) in cash...................... 17,002 (14,567) (2,195)
Cash at beginning year........................... 4,397 21,399 6,832
-------- --------- -------
Cash at end of year.............................. $ 21,399 $ 6,832 $ 4,637
======== ========= =======
- --------
(1) Vesta acquired The Hawaiian Insurance & Guaranty Company, Limited on June
19, 1995.
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
30
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE A--SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Financial Statement Presentation: Vesta Insurance Group, Inc. (Vesta) was
incorporated by Torchmark Corporation on July 9, 1993 and capitalized on July
16, 1993 with a $50 million contribution from Torchmark and the contribution
from Torchmark of all of the outstanding common stock of J. Gordon Gaines,
Inc., Liberty National Reinsurance Company, Ltd, and Vesta Fire Insurance
Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. On November 18, 1993, the
Company completed an initial public offering of common stock which resulted in
proceeds to the Company of approximately $51 million. At year-end 1996,
Torchmark held approximately 27% of the outstanding common stock of the
Company with the balance publicly traded.
Nature of Operations: The Company is a holding company for a group of
property and casualty insurance companies (the "Vesta Group") that offer
treaty reinsurance and primary insurance on personal and commercial risks. The
lead insurer in the Vesta Group is Vesta Fire Insurance Corporation ("Vesta
Fire"). In both its reinsurance and primary insurance operations, the Company
focuses primarily on property coverages. Gross premiums written by the Company
in 1996 totalled $769.6 million. Gross premiums written in the reinsurance
line were $615.4 million in 1996, substantially all of which were on personal
(including automobile) risks and commercial property risks. Also, property
(including auto physical damage) risks accounted for approximately 89% of the
Company's gross premiums written in all lines in 1996.
The availability and cost of reinsurance and retrocessional coverage may
vary significantly over time and are subject to prevailing market conditions.
Pricing in this business has weakened slightly due to increased availability
of reinsurance market capacity.
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of the Financial Statements: The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and
the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Actual results could differ from those estimates. These estimates and
assumptions are particularly important in determining the premiums in course
of collection, reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses and deferred
policy acquisition costs.
Investments: Investment securities are classified in three categories at
date of purchase and accounted for as follows: (i) Debt securities which are
purchased with the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are
classified as held-to-maturity and reported at amortized cost; (ii) Debt and
equity securities which are bought and held principally for the purpose of
selling them in the near term are classified as trading securities and
reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings;
and (iii) Debt and equity securities which are not classified as either held-
to-maturity or trading securities are classified as available for sale and
reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from
earnings and reported in a separate component of stockholders' equity.
Short-term investments are carried at cost and include investments in
certificates of deposit and other interest-bearing time deposits with original
maturities of one year or less. If an investment becomes permanently impaired,
such impairment is treated as a realized loss and the investment is adjusted
to net realizable value.
31
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE A--SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
Gains and losses realized on the disposition of investments are recognized as
revenues and are determined on a specific identification basis. Unrealized
gains and losses on equity securities and fixed maturities available for sale,
net of deferred income taxes, are reflected directly in stockholders' equity.
Determination of Fair Values of Financial Instruments: Fair values for cash,
short-term investments, short-term debt, receivables and payables approximate
their carrying value. Fair values for investment securities and long-term debt
are based on quoted market prices where available. Otherwise, fair values are
based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments.
Cash: Cash consists of balances on hand and on deposit in banks and financial
institutions.
Recognition of Premium Revenue: Earned premiums are generally recognized as
revenue on a pro rata basis over the policy term.
Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses: The liability for losses and loss
adjustment expenses includes an amount determined from loss reports and
individual cases. It also includes an amount for losses incurred but not
reported which is based on past experience. Such liabilities are necessarily
based on estimates and, while management believes that the amount is adequate,
the ultimate liability may be in excess of or less than the amounts provided.
The methods for making such estimates and for establishing the resulting
liabilities are continually reviewed, and any adjustments are reflected in
earnings currently. These reserves are established on an undiscounted basis and
are reduced for estimates of salvage and subrogation.
Deferred Acquisition Costs: Commissions and other costs of acquiring
insurance that vary with and are primarily related to the production of new and
renewal business are deferred and amortized over the terms of the policies or
reinsurance treaties to which they relate. Anticipated investment income is
considered in determining recoverability of deferred acquisition costs on
certain lines.
Reinsurance: Reinsurance enables an insurance company, by assuming or ceding
reinsurance, to diversify its risk and limit its financial exposure to risk and
catastrophic events. However, reinsurance does not ordinarily relieve the
primary insurer from its obligations to the insured. In the ordinary course of
business, Vesta assumes business from other insurance organizations and also
reinsures certain risks with other insurance organizations. The Company accrues
premiums not yet reported based on historical experience.
Income Taxes: Vesta accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability
method under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the
future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial
statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their
respective tax bases.
Property and Equipment: Property and equipment is reported at cost less
allowances for depreciation. Depreciation is recorded primarily on the straight
line method over the estimated useful lives of these assets which range from 2
to 5 years for equipment. Ordinary maintenance and repairs are charged to
income as incurred.
Goodwill: The company amortizes goodwill straight-line over a period of 15
years.
Reclassification: Certain amounts in the financial statements presented have
been reclassified from amounts previously reported in order to be comparable
between years. These reclassifications have no effect on previously reported
stockholders' equity or net income during the period involved.
Stock Split: On January 22, 1996 Vesta distributed one share for every two
shares owned by shareholders of record as of January 5, 1996 in the form of a
stock dividend. All prior year share and per share data has been restated to
give effect for the dividend.
32
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE A--SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
Income Per Share: Net income per share is calculated by dividing net income
by the weighted average number of common share and common equivalent shares
outstanding. The weighted average number of common shares and common
equivalent shares outstanding for each period was 18,810,752, 18,841,756 and
18,860,427 for 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively.
NOTE B--STATUTORY ACCOUNTING
Insurance subsidiaries of Vesta are required to file statutory financial
statements with state insurance regulatory authorities. Accounting principles
used to prepare these statutory financial statements differ from GAAP.
Consolidated net income and stockholders' equity on a statutory basis for the
insurance subsidiaries were as follows:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------
1994 1995 1996
-------- -------- --------
Net income..................................... $ 26,991 $ 14,745 $ 46,745
Stockholders' equity........................... 212,507 318,997 352,695
The excess, if any, of stockholders' equity of the insurance subsidiaries on
a GAAP basis over that determined on a statutory basis is not available for
distribution to its stockholders without regulatory approval.
A reconciliation of Vesta's insurance subsidiaries' statutory net income to
Vesta's consolidated GAAP net income is as follows:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------
1994 1995 1996
-------- -------- --------
Statutory net income....................... $ 26,991 $ 14,745 $ 46,745
Deferral of acquisition costs.............. 29,057 73,466 60,797
Amortization of acquisition costs.......... (23,826) (38,419) (53,096)
Differences in insurance policy 38 (571) 1,104
liabilities................................
Deferred income taxes...................... (1,415) (6,609) (5,499)
Income (loss) of non-insurance entities.... (1,616) 3 670
Investment gains........................... -- 348 --
Goodwill amortization...................... -- (263) (484)
-------- -------- --------
GAAP net income............................ $ 29,229 $ 42,699 $ 50,237
======== ======== ========
33
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE B--STATUTORY ACCOUNTING (CONTINUED)
A reconciliation of Vesta's insurance subsidiaries' statutory stockholders'
equity to Vesta's consolidated GAAP stockholders' equity is as follows:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------
1994 1995 1996
-------- -------- --------
Statutory stockholder's equity............. $212,507 $318,997 $352,695
Differences in insurance policy 1,845 1,273 2,376
liabilities................................
Deferred acquisition costs................. 32,784 67,831 75,532
Deferred income taxes...................... (6,878) (16,089) (21,463)
Nonadmitted assets......................... 11,570 6,411 8,606
Net liabilities of non-insurance entities.. (15,945) (103,198) (101,915)
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments...... (2,008) 5,394 2,872
-------- -------- --------
GAAP stockholders' equity.................. $233,875 $280,619 $318,703
======== ======== ========
NOTE C--INVESTMENT OPERATIONS
Investment income is summarized as follows:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------
1994 1995 1996
------- ------- -------
Fixed maturities............................... $11,533 $13,839 $16,668
Equity securities.............................. 90 108 199
Short-term investments......................... 1,759 4,566 6,982
------- ------- -------
13,382 18,513 23,849
Less investment expense........................ (383) (541) (701)
------- ------- -------
Net investment income.......................... $12,999 $17,972 $23,148
======= ======= =======
An analysis of gains (losses) from investments is as follows:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------
1994 1995 1996
-------- ------- -------
Realized investment gains (losses) from:
Fixed maturities............................ $ (695) $ (78) $ (139)
Real estate................................. -- 300 --
Equity securities........................... -- 54 171
-------- ------- -------
(695) 276 32
======== ======= =======
Net change in unrealized investment gains
(losses) on:
Fixed maturities available for sale......... $ (4,186) $ 7,402 $(2,523)
Equity securities available for sale........ (172) 1,001 1,349
Applicable tax.............................. 1,525 (2,940) 411
-------- ------- -------
Net change in unrealized gains (losses)...... $ (2,833) $ 5,463 $ (763)
======== ======= =======
Net increase (decrease) in fair value
relative to amortized cost of fixed
maturities during the year.................. $(10,417) $12,985 $(2,523)
======== ======= =======
34
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE C--INVESTMENT OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
A summary of fixed maturities and equity securities by amortized cost and
estimated fair value at December 31, 1995 and 1996 is as follows:
GROSS GROSS
AMORTIZED UNREALIZED UNREALIZED FAIR
1995: COST GAINS LOSSES VALUE
- ----- --------- ---------- ---------- --------
Fixed maturities available for sale:
United States Government............. $ 33,265 $ 774 $ 0 $ 34,039
States, municipalities and political
subdivisions........................ 171,507 2,074 75 173,507
Foreign governments.................. 2,000 29 0 2,029
Corporate............................ 94,553 2,698 130 97,121
Mortgage-backed securities, GNMA
collateral.......................... 9,832 27 4 9,855
-------- ------ ---- --------
Total Fixed Maturities.............. 311,157 5,602 209 316,551
Equity securities..................... 595 2,614 0 3,208
-------- ------ ---- --------
Total portfolio..................... $311,752 $8,216 $209 $319,759
======== ====== ==== ========
1996:
- -----
Fixed maturities available for sale:
United States Government............. $ 37,398 $ 246 $ 69 $ 37,576
States, municipalities and political
subdivisions........................ 155,966 1,705 48 157,623
Foreign governments.................. 2,000 6 0 2,006
Corporate............................ 102,902 1,187 78 104,011
Mortgage-backed securities, GNMA
collateral.......................... 7,760 13 91 7,682
-------- ------ ---- --------
Total Fixed Maturities.............. 306,026 3,157 286 308,898
Equity securities..................... 4,365 3,961 0 8,326
-------- ------ ---- --------
Total portfolio..................... $310,391 $7,118 $286 $317,224
======== ====== ==== ========
A schedule of fixed maturities held for investment by contractual maturity
at December 31, 1996 is shown below on an amortized cost basis and on a fair
value basis. Actual maturities could differ from contractual maturities due to
call or prepayment provisions.
AMORTIZED FAIR
COST VALUE
--------- --------
Due in one year or less................................ $ 46,852 $ 46,934
Due from one to five years............................. 193,998 195,570
Due from five to ten years............................. 57,416 58,712
-------- --------
298,266 301,216
Mortgage backed securities, including
GNMA's and GNMA collateral............................ 7,760 7,682
-------- --------
Total.................................................. $306,026 $308,898
======== ========
Proceeds from sales of fixed maturities were $14 million in 1994, $8 million
in 1995 and $40 million in 1996. Gross gains realized on those sales were $0
in 1994, $273 thousand in 1995, and $23 thousand in 1996. Gross losses on
those sales were $695 thousand in 1994, $351 thousand in 1995, and $161
thousand in 1996.
35
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE D--PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
A summary of property and equipment used in the business is as follows:
DECEMBER 31, 1995 DECEMBER 31, 1996
------------------- -------------------
ACCUMULATED ACCUMULATED
COST DEPRECIATION COST DEPRECIATION
------ ------------ ------ ------------
Data processing equipment......... $2,323 $1,608 $2,610 $1,990
Furniture and office equipment.... 2,533 1,126 3,099 1,467
Other............................. 1,834 274 2,035 367
------ ------ ------ ------
$6,690 $3,008 $7,744 $3,824
====== ====== ====== ======
Depreciation expense on property and equipment used in the business was $706
thousand, $1,037 thousand, and $1,415 thousand in each of the years 1994,
1995, 1996.
NOTE E--DEFERRED POLICY ACQUISITION COSTS
Deferred policy acquisition costs for the years ended December 31, 1994 1995
and 1996 are summarized as follows:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------
1994 1995 1996
-------- -------- --------
Balance at beginning of year................ $ 27,553 $ 32,784 $ 67,831
Deferred during period...................... 29,057 73,466 60,797
Amortized during period..................... (23,826) (38,419) (53,096)
-------- -------- --------
Balance at end of year...................... $ 32,784 $ 67,831 $ 75,532
======== ======== ========
Commissions comprise the majority of the additions to deferred policy
acquisition costs in each year.
NOTE F--RESERVES FOR LOSSES AND LOSS ADJUSTMENT EXPENSES
The table below presents a reconciliation of beginning and ending loss and
loss adjustment expense reserves for the last three years:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------------
1994 1995 1996
-------- -------- ---------
Losses and LAE reserves at beginning of $ 78,285 $120,980 $ 199,314
year........................................
Increases (decreases) in provision for
losses and LAE for claims incurred:
Current year............................... 139,253 217,293 291,812
Prior year................................. 1,028 1,798 3,109
Losses and LAE payments for claims incurred:
Current year............................... (78,907) (92,924) (158,408)
Prior year................................. (18,679) (47,833) (88,603)
-------- -------- ---------
Gross loss and LAE reserves................. $120,980 $199,314 $ 247,224
======== ======== =========
NOTE G--RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Vesta leases office space from Torchmark Development Corporation, a wholly
owned subsidiary of Torchmark. Rent expense of $439 thousand, $494 thousand
and $566 thousand was charged to operations for the years ended December 31,
1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively, related to this lease agreement.
36
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE G--RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)
Waddell & Reed Asset Management Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of
Torchmark ("WRAMCO"), provides investment advice and services to the Company
and its subsidiaries in connection with the management of their respective
portfolios pursuant to an Investment Services Agreement. The Company paid $127
thousand, $222 thousand and $409 thousand in fees to WRAMCO pursuant to the
Investment Services Agreement in 1994, 1995 and 1996, respectively.
On September 13, 1993, Vesta Fire Insurance Corporation, a wholly owned
subsidiary of the Company ("Vesta Fire"), and Liberty National Life Insurance
Company ("Liberty National"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Torchmark, entered
into a Marketing and Administrative Services Agreement, pursuant to which
Vesta Fire marketed certain of its industrial fire insurance products through
agents of Liberty National. Under this agreement, Liberty National pays to
Vesta Fire an amount equal to all premiums collected by Liberty National after
deducting all expenses incurred by Liberty National which are directly
attributable to the industrial fire insurance products and after deducting a
fee for administrative services. Such fee for 1994, 1995 and 1996 was $2,849
thousand, $2,305 thousand and $1,702 thousand, respectively. This agreement
was terminated effective April 30, 1995, and these products are no longer
marketed through Liberty National agents. However, Liberty National continues
to service the existing business.
NOTE H--COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Litigation: The Company, through its subsidiaries, is routinely a party to
pending or threatened legal proceedings and arbitrations. These proceedings
involve alleged breaches of contract, torts, including bad faith and fraud
claims and miscellaneous other causes of action. These lawsuits may include
claims for punitive damages in addition to other specified relief. Based upon
information presently available, and in light of legal and other defenses
available to the Company and its subsidiaries, management does not consider
liability from any threatened or pending litigation to be material.
Leases: The Company leases office space for its home office and HIG under
operating lease arrangements. These leases contain various renewal options and
escalation clauses. Rental expense for operating leases was $439 thousand,
$706 thousand, and $1,014 thousand, for the years ending December 31, 1994,
1995, and 1996, respectively. Future minimum rental commitments required under
these leases are approximately $1.0 million per year.
Restrictions on Dividends: Vesta relies on dividends from its subsidiaries
to meet its cash requirements and to pay dividends to its stockholders. The
payment of dividends by Vesta's insurance subsidiaries are subject to certain
limitations imposed by the insurance laws of the States of Alabama, Hawaii and
Texas. The restrictions are generally based on certain levels of surplus,
investment income and operating income, as determined under statutory
accounting practices. Alabama, Texas and most other states that regulate
Vesta's operations permit dividends in any year which together with other
dividends or distributions made within the preceding 12 months, do not exceed
the greater of (i) 10% of statutory surplus as of the end of the preceding
year or (ii) the net income for the preceding year, with larger dividends
payable only upon prior regulatory approval. Hawaii law limits dividends to
the lesser of (i) and (ii) without prior approval. Certain other extraordinary
transactions between an insurance company and its affiliates, including sales,
loans or investments which in any twelve-month period aggregate at least 3% of
its admitted assets or 25% of its statutory capital and surplus, also are
subject to prior approval by the Department of Insurance. Based upon
restrictions presently in effect, the maximum amount available for payment of
dividends to the Company by its insurance subsidiaries in 1997 without prior
approval of regulatory authorities is approximately $50.7 million.
37
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE H--COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (CONTINUED)
Risk-Based Capital Requirements. The NAIC adopted risk-based capital
requirements that require insurance companies to calculate and report
information under a risk-based formula which attempts to measure statutory
capital and surplus needs based on the risks in a company's mix of products
and investment portfolio. The formula is designed to allow state insurance
regulators to identify potential weakly capitalized companies. Under the
formula, a company determines its "risk-based capital" ("RBC") by taking into
account certain risks related to the insurer's assets (including risks related
to its investment portfolio and ceded reinsurance) and the insurer's
liabilities (including underwriting risks related to the nature and experience
of its insurance business). Risk-based capital rules provide for different
levels of regulatory attention depending on the ratio of a company's total
adjusted capital to its "authorized control level" ("ACL") of RBC. Based on
calculations made by the Company, the risk-based capital levels for each of
the Company's insurance subsidiaries did not trigger regulatory attention.
Concentrations of Credit Risk: Vesta maintains a highly-diversified
investment portfolio with limited concentrations in any given region,
industry, or economic characteristic. At December 31, 1996, the investment
portfolio consisted of securities of the U.S. government or U.S. government
backed securities (9%); mortgage backed securities, GNMA collateral (2%);
investment grade corporate bonds (24%); cash and short-term investments (26%);
securities of state and municipal governments (36%); securities of foreign
governments (1%); and corporate common stocks (2%). Corporate equity and debt
investments are made in a wide range of industries. All of Vesta's investments
at year-end 1996 were rated investment-grade.
At December 31, 1996, the Company has unsecured reinsurance recoverables
from two reinsurers that are in excess of 2% of statutory surplus, the largest
of which is $15 million.
NOTE I--SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES FOR CASH FLOW STATEMENT
The following table summarizes Vesta's non-cash transactions, which are not
reflected on the Statement of Cash Flow, as required by GAAP:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------
1994 1995 1996
------- --------- -------
Paid in capital from tax benefit of stock option $ -- $ 101 $ 337
exercises.........................................
Transfer of fixed maturities from held to maturity
to available for sale............................ $ -- $121,627 $ --
The following table summarizes certain amounts paid during the period as
required by GAAP:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------
1994 1995 1996
------- ------- -------
Interest paid.................................. $ 1,708 $ 5,253 $ 9,494
Income taxes paid.............................. $10,701 $14,989 $21,500
NOTE J--REINSURANCE
Vesta engages in reinsurance ceded transactions as part of its overall
underwriting and risk management strategy. Vesta's reinsurance ceded programs
include coverages which limit the amount of individual claims to a fixed
amount or percentage and which limit the amount of claims related to
catastrophes.
38
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE J--REINSURANCE (CONTINUED)
The effect on premiums earned and losses and loss adjustment expenses
incurred of all reinsurance ceded transactions are as follows:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------
1994 1995 1996
------- -------- --------
Reinsurance ceded:
Premiums ceded.................................. $86,805 $117,654 $195,202
Losses and loss adjustment expenses recovered
and recoverable................................ 83,890 90,522 134,756
The amounts deducted from reserves for unpaid losses and loss adjustment
expenses and unearned premiums that Vesta would remain liable for should
reinsuring companies be unable to meet their obligations are as follows:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------
1995 1996
----------- -----------
Losses and loss adjustment expense................ $ 49,769 $ 60,343
Unearned premiums................................. 24,384 55,477
Vesta engages in assumed reinsurance transactions as part of its overall
business strategy. The effect on premiums earned and losses and loss
adjustment expenses of all assumed reinsurance transactions, including
involuntary pools, are as follows:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------
1994 1995 1996
-------- -------- --------
Premiums assumed................................ $240,567 $359,546 $545,290
Losses and loss adjustment expenses assumed..... 145,697 201,152 331,972
The effect of reinsurance on premiums written and earned is as follows:
1994 1995 1996
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
WRITTEN EARNED WRITTEN EARNED WRITTEN EARNED
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Direct.................. $111,601 $106,190 $163,005 $139,910 $153,413 $161,824
Assumed................. 243,229 240,567 423,997 359,546 616,173 545,290
Ceded................... (95,120) (86,805) (127,554) (117,654) (228,954) (195,202)
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Net premiums.......... 259,710 259,952 459,228 381,802 540,632 511,912
======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ========
NOTE K--INCOME TAXES
Income tax expense for the years ended December, 1994, 1995 and 1996 was
allocated as follows:
1994 1995 1996
------- ------- -------
Operating income..................................... $12,842 $21,133 $24,982
Stockholder's equity, for unrealized gains........... (1,525) 2,941 (413)
Stockholder's equity, for compensation expense for
tax purposes in excess of amounts recognized for
financial reporting purposes........................ -- 101 337
------- ------- -------
$11,317 $24,175 $24,906
======= ======= =======
39
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE K--INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED)
Income tax expense attributable to income from operations consists of:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-----------------------
1994 1995 1996
------- ------- -------
Current tax expense................................ $11,428 $13,406 $19,483
Deferred tax expense............................... 1,415 7,727 5,499
------- ------- -------
Total............................................. $12,843 $21,133 $24,982
======= ======= =======
Vesta's effective income tax rate differed from the statutory income tax
rate as follows:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------
1994 1995 1996
------------ ------------ ------------
AMOUNT % AMOUNT % AMOUNT %
------- --- ------- --- ------- ---
Statutory federal income tax rate. $14,725 35% $22,433 35% $26,496 35%
Increases (reductions) in tax
resulting from:
Tax exempt investment income..... (1,816) (4) (1,974) (3) (2,240) (3)
Other............................ (66) 0 674 1 726 1
------- --- ------- --- ------- ---
$12,843 31% $21,133 33% $24,982 33%
======= === ======= === ======= ===
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant
portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities included in
other liabilities at December 31, 1995 and 1996 are presented below:
1995 1996
------- -------
Deferred tax assets:
Unearned and advance premiums............................ $10,089 $12,099
Discounted unpaid losses................................. 3,220 4,325
Other.................................................... 629 --
------- -------
Total gross deferred tax assets........................... $13,938 $16,424
======= =======
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred acquisition costs............................... $23,741 $26,436
Contingent commissions................................... 3,338 8,010
Unrealized gains......................................... 2,803 2,390
Other.................................................... 145 1,051
------- -------
Total gross deferred tax liabilities...................... $30,027 $37,887
------- -------
Net deferred tax liability................................ $16,089 $21,463
======= =======
A valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, as of December 31, 1995 and
1996, was not necessary.
NOTE L--RETIREMENT PLANS
Vesta has a defined contribution retirement and savings plan and a
supplemental executive retirement plan. These plans are fully funded at year-
end 1996. Vesta's total cost for benefits under these plans since the Offering
date was $250,391 for 1994, $319,337 for 1995 and $348,125 for 1996.
40
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE M--SEGMENT INFORMATION
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------
1994 1995 1996
-------- -------- ----------
Revenues
Reinsurance Operations
Net premiums earned........................... $191,700 $290,657 $ 415,028
Net investment income......................... 9,503 13,682 18,767
Investment gains (losses)..................... (512) 210 26
-------- -------- ----------
Total reinsurance............................ 200,691 304,549 433,821
Primary insurance operations
Net premiums earned........................... 68,252 91,145 96,884
Net investment income......................... 3,496 4,290 4,381
Investment gains (losses)..................... (183) 66 6
-------- -------- ----------
Total primary................................ 71,565 95,501 101,271
Other operations revenues...................... 100 216 188
-------- -------- ----------
Total revenues............................... $272,356 $400,266 $ 535,280
======== ======== ==========
Total pretax income (loss) from operations
Reinsurance Operations
Underwriting gain (loss)...................... $ 41,666 $ 35,786 $ 55,712
Net investment income......................... 9,503 13,682 18,767
Investment gains (losses)..................... (512) 210 26
-------- -------- ----------
Total reinsurance............................ 50,657 49,678 74,505
Primary insurance operations
Underwriting gain (loss)...................... (10,290) 15,119 6,682
Net investment income......................... 3,496 4,290 4,381
Investment gains (losses)..................... (183) 66 6
Goodwill...................................... -- (264) (484)
-------- -------- ----------
Total primary................................ (6,977) 19,211 10,585
Other operations
Other income.................................. 100 216 188
Interest expense.............................. (1,708) (5,273) (10,059)
-------- -------- ----------
Total other income (expense)................. (1,608) (5,057) (9,871)
-------- -------- ----------
Total pretax income from operations.......... $ 42,072 $ 63,832 $ 75,219
======== ======== ==========
Total identifiable assets
Reinsurance operations........................ $366,914 $614,708 $ 815,052
Primary operations............................ 143,376 202,916 197,529
-------- -------- ----------
Total identifiable assets.................... $510,290 $817,624 $1,013,581
======== ======== ==========
NOTE N--DEBT
On July 19, 1995, the Company issued $100 million of its 8.75% Senior
Debentures due July 15, 2025. The Debentures are not subject to redemption or
any sinking fund prior to maturity. The Debentures are unsecured and rank on
parity with all of its other unsecured and unsurbordinated indebtedness. The
Debentures contain covenants that limit the ability of the Company or its
subsidiaries to issue, sell or otherwise dispose of shares of voting common
stock of any Restricted Subsidiary and limit the ability of the Company or its
subsidiaries to pledge the shares of capital stock of any subsidiary. The
Debentures also place certain limitations on the Company's ability to
consolidate or merge with or sell its assets substantially as an entirety. The
Company used the proceeds from the sale to repay the $28,000,000 loan from
United Investors Management Company,
41
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE N--DEBT (CONTINUED)
a subsidiary of Torchmark and to increase the capital and surplus of its
principal insurance subsidiary, Vesta Fire Insurance Corporation.
Vesta has a $100 million line of credit. The line of credit is with a group
of domestic banks pursuant to a Credit Agreement dated September 24, 1996 (the
"Credit Agreement"). The interest charge is either (i) the London Interbank
Rate plus 0.25% or (ii) the higher of the prime rate and the Federal Funds
rate plus 0.5%, at the Company's discretion. At December 31, 1996 the London
Interbank three month rate was 5.5625% and the Federal Funds rate was
5.25%.There was a balance of $22 million under this line of credit at December
31, 1996. The line of credit contains covenants which (1) restricts the
Company from incurring consolidated indebtedness greater than 42.5% of the sum
of the Company's consolidated indebtedness and consolidated net worth, (2)
requires the Company to maintain consolidated net worth to be equal to or
greater than $250,000,000 plus 50% of the aggregate of consolidated net income
for each fiscal quarter ending after September 30, 1996 up to and including
the fiscal quarter then ending minus the aggregate amount of all dividends
paid with respect to the Company's equity securities at any time after
September 30, 1996, (3) requires the Company to maintain a ratio of
consolidated income before interest and taxes to consolidated interest expense
of 3.0 to 1.0, and (4) requires the Company to maintain total adjusted capital
(within the meaning of Risk-Based Capital for Insurers Model Act ("Model
Act")) of Vesta Fire to be equal to or greater than 150% of the applicable
"Company Action Level RBC" (within the meaning of the model act).
NOTE O--STOCK OPTIONS
During 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Financial
Accounting Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation ("FAS
123"). The Statement defines a fair value based method of accounting for an
employee stock option. It also allows an entity to continue using the
intrinsic valued based accounting method prescribed by Accounting Principles
Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. The Company
has continued to use this method to account for its stock options. However,
FAS 123 requires entities electing to remain with the intrinsic method of
accounting to provide pro forma disclosures of net income and earnings per
share as if the fair value based method of accounting had been applied as well
as other disclosures about the Company's stock-based employee compensation
plans. Information about the Company's stock option plans and the related
required disclosures follow.
Prior to completion of the Company's initial public offering, the Company's
stockholders approved the Vesta Insurance Group, Inc. Long Term Incentive Plan
("Plan"), which provided for grants to the Company's executive officers of
restricted stock, stock options, stock appreciation rights, and deferred stock
awards, and in certain instances grants of options to directors. The Company's
stockholders approved certain amendments to the Plan effective May 16, 1995,
including an amendment to increase the shares of the Company's common stock
available for awards under the Plan from 1,091,400 shares to 2,221,998 shares
and an amendment to delete the provision for the grant of options to non-
employee directors. The Company's stockholders also approved the Vesta
Insurance Group, Inc. Non-Employee Director Stock Plan ("Director Plan")
effective May 16, 1995, which provides for grants to the Company's non-
employee directors of stock options and restricted stock.
Pro forma information regarding net income and earnings per share is
required by FAS 123, and has been determined as if the Company had accounted
for its employee stock options under the fair value method of that Statement.
The fair value for these options was estimated at the date of grant using a
Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average
assumptions for 1995 and 1996, respectively; risk-free interest rates of 6.33
percent and 6.37 percent; dividend yields of 0.37 percent for both years;
volatility factor of the expected market price of the Company's common stock
of 0.34 for both years; and a weighted-average expected life of the options of
ten years for both years.
42
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE O--STOCK OPTIONS (CONTINUED)
The Company's actual and pro forma information follows (in thousands except
for earnings per share information):
YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31
---------------
1995 1996
------- -------
NET INCOME:
As reported............................................. $42,699 $50,237
Pro forma............................................... 41,417 47,444
NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE:
As reported............................................. $ 2.27 $ 2.66
Pro forma............................................... 2.20 2.52
The following summary sets forth activity under the Plan for the years ended
December 31:
1994 1995 1996
----------------- ------------------- -------------------
WEIGHTED- WEIGHTED- WEIGHTED-
AVERAGE AVERAGE AVERAGE
EXERCISE EXERCISE EXERCISE
OPTIONS PRICE OPTIONS PRICE OPTIONS PRICE
------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Outstanding--beginning
of the year............ 804,896 $16.09 828,896 $16.06 1,055,699 $18.37
Granted................. 24,000 15.23 414,409 21.98 129,394 31.93
Exercised............... -- -- 42,750 15.63 55,667 15.51
Forfeited............... -- -- 144,856 16.31 106,554 16.99
------- ------ --------- ------ --------- ------
Outstanding--end of the
year................... 828,896 $16.06 1,055,699 $18.37 1,022,872 $20.38
======= ====== ========= ====== ========= ======
Weighted-average fair
value of options
granted during the
year................... $ 21.30 $ 28.37 $ 25.85
Of the 1,022,872 outstanding options at December 31, 1996, 549,087 were
exercisable with the remaining having varying vesting periods. Exercise prices
for options outstanding as of December 31, 1996 ranged from $15.00 to $35.375.
Unexercised options with exercise prices of less than $25.00 for 810,358
shares had a weighted average contractual life of 7.8 years and a weighted
average exercise price of $17.86 while unexercised options with exercise
prices greater than $25.00 for 212,514 shares had a weighted average
contractual life of 9.6 years and a weighted average exercise price of $30.01.
In 1993, the Company entered into restricted stock agreements under which
Vesta granted 153,300 shares of common stock at $10.26 per share to officers
of the Company in exchange for promissory notes. In 1994, an additional 60,000
shares of Common Stock at $18.92 per share were issued to an officer of the
Company under a restricted stock agreement in exchange for a promissory note.
The common stock is being held by the Company as security for repayment of the
notes. A portion of the shares will be released to the officers annually as
they repay the promissory notes. The Company intends to pay cash bonuses each
year in amounts sufficient to reduce the notes by the amount of the purchase
price for the shares which are earned in that year. During 1995 the company
acquired 31,192 shares of its common stock with respect to previously granted
awards of restricted stock in exchange for release of indebtedness of
$320,036. The balance of the notes at December 31, 1995 was $1,962,150. During
1996 the Company acquired 19,564 shares of its common stock with respect to
previously granted awards of restricted stock in exchange for release of
indebtedness of $168,951. The balance of the notes at December 31, 1996 was
$1,580,269. The promissory notes and the unearned compensation are shown as
deductions from stockholders equity.
43
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
NOTE O--STOCK OPTIONS (CONTINUED)
In 1995, the Company entered into restricted stock agreements under which
the Company granted 23,333 shares of restricted common stock to certain
officers of the Company. In 1996, the Company entered into restricted stock
agreements under which the Company granted 23,144 shares of restricted common
stock to certain officers of the Company and 5,664 shares of restricted common
stock to certain directors of the Company. The common stock with respect to
all awards of restricted stock is being held by the Company until the
restrictions lapse.
NOTE P--QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)
The following is a summary of quarterly financial data, in thousands except
per share data:
THREE MONTHS ENDED
---------------------------------------------
MARCH 31, JUNE 30, SEPTEMBER 30, DECEMBER 31,
1996 1996 1996 1996
--------- -------- ------------- ------------
Gross premiums written............ $194,460 $185,567 $173,884 $215,675
Net premiums written.............. 152,509 165,494 67,568 155,061
Premiums earned................... 145,136 167,135 88,344 111,297
Net investment income.............
Operating costs and expenses...... 131,965 147,750 71,748 100,557
Net income........................ 10,509 15,141 13,412 11,174
-------- -------- -------- --------
Per Share Data:
Net income........................ 0.56 0.80 0.71 0.60
Stockholders' equity per share.... 15.28 16.01 16.72 17.16
Cash dividends per share.......... 0.0375 0.0375 0.0375 0.0375
-------- -------- -------- --------
THREE MONTHS ENDED
---------------------------------------------
MARCH 31, JUNE 30, SEPTEMBER 30, DECEMBER 31,
1995 1995 1995 1995
--------- -------- ------------- ------------
Gross premiums written............ $111,414 $115,924 $202,186 $157,258
Net premiums written.............. 90,391 97,890 150,153 120,794
Premiums earned................... 75,899 78,332 125,634 101,937
Net investment income............. 3,853 4,070 4,820 5,230
Operating costs and expenses...... 67,913 65,085 105,023 92,613
Net income........................ 7,807 11,645 15,704 7,543
-------- -------- -------- --------
Per Share Data:
Net income........................ 0.41 0.62 0.84 0.40
Stockholders' equity per share.... 12.89 13.54 14.40 14.89
Cash dividends per share.......... 0.0375 0.0375 0.0375 0.0375
-------- -------- -------- --------
NOTE Q--SUBSEQUENT EVENT
On January 31, 1997, Vesta Capital Trust I, a Delaware business trust
controlled by the Company, sold $100 million of its 8.525% Capital Securities.
These securities have a 30 year maturity and are not redeemable except in
certain limited circumstances. These securities were sold in a private
placement transaction to qualified institutional buyers under Rule 144A and
were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933. A portion of the
proceeds from the sale of these capital securities were used to repay
indebtedness under the Company's existing lines of credit and the remainder
will be used for general corporate purposes.
44
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
No disagreements with accountants on any matter of accounting principles or
practices or financial statement disclosure have been reported on a Form 8-K
within the twenty-four months prior to the date of the most recent financial
statements.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF REGISTRANT
Information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the
sections entitled "Election of Directors," "Profiles of Directors and
Nominees," "Executive Officers" and "Compensation and Other Transactions with
Executive Officers and Directors" in the Proxy Statement for the Annual
Meeting of Stockholders to be held May 20, 1997 (the "Proxy Statement"), which
is to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the
section entitled "Compensation and Other Transactions with Executive Officers
and Directors" in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
(a)Security ownership of certain beneficial owners:
Information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the
section entitled "Principal Stockholders" in the Proxy Statement.
(b)Security ownership of management:
Information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the
section entitled "Stock Ownership" in the Proxy Statement.
(c)Changes in control:
The Company knows of no arrangements, including any pledges by any person
of its securities, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result
in a change of control.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
Information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the
section entitled "Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation;
Other Transactions" in the Proxy Statement.
45
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) Index of documents filed as a part of this report:
Page of
this
Report
-------
(1) Financial Statements:
Vesta Insurance Group, Inc.
Independent Auditors' Report......................................... 26
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 1995 and 1996............ 27
Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the years in the
three-year period ended December 31, 1996........................... 28
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for each of the years
in the three-year
period ended December 31, 1996...................................... 29
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow for each of the years in the
three-year period ended December 31, 1996........................... 30
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements........................... 31
(2) Schedules Supporting Financial Statements for the three years
ended December 31, 1996:
II.Condensed Financial Information of Registrant (Parent Company)..... 50
III.Supplemental Insurance Information (Consolidated)................. 53
IV.Reinsurance (Consolidated)......................................... 55
V.Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (Consolidated).................... 56
Schedules not referred to have been omitted as inapplicable or not required by
Regulation S-X.
(3) Exhibits
Exhibits are listed in the index of Exhibits at page 47.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K: No reports on Form 8-K were filed during the
last quarter of the period covered by this report.
46
EXHIBITS INDEX
Exhibit
No. Description
------- -----------
3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated
September 1, 1993 (filed as an exhibit to Amendment No. 1 to
the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-
68114) of Vesta Insurance Group, Inc., filed on October 18,
1993 and incorporated herein by reference (File No. 1-12338))
3.2 By-Laws of the Company (Amended and Restated as of October 1,
1993) (filed as an exhibit to Amendment No. 1 to the Registra-
tion Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-68114) of
Vesta Insurance Group, Inc., filed on October 18, 1993 and in-
corporated herein by reference (File No. 1-12338))
4.1 Indenture between the Company and Southtrust Bank of Alabama,
National Association, dated as of July 19, 1995.
4.2 Supplemental Indebenture between the Company and Southtrust
Bank of Alabama, National Association, dated July 19, 1995.
10.1 Separation and Public Offering Agreement between Torchmark
Corporation and the Company dated September 13, 1993 (filed as
an exhibit to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended De-
cember 31, 1993, filed on March 28, 1994 and incorporated
herein by reference (File No. 1-2338))
10.2 Marketing and Administrative Services Agreement between Lib-
erty National Fire Insurance Company, Liberty National Insur-
ance Corporation and Liberty National Life Insurance Company
dated September 13, 1993 (filed as an exhibit to the Company's
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1993, filed on March
28, 1994 and incorporated herein by reference (File No. 1-
2338))
10.3 Investment Services Agreement between Waddell & Reed Asset
Management Company and the Company (filed as an exhibit to
Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1
(Registration No. 33-68114) of Vesta Insurance Group, Inc.,
filed on October 18, 1993 and incorporated herein by reference
(File No. 1-12338)) dated September 13, 1993.
10.5 Management Agreement between J. Gordon Gaines, Inc., Liberty
National Fire Insurance Company, Sheffield Insurance Corpora-
tion, Liberty National Insurance Corporation and Vesta Insur-
ance Corporation dated November 15, 1994 (filed as an exhibit
to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
1993, filed on March 28, 1994 and incorporated herein by ref-
erence (File No. 1-2338))
10.6 Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (filed as an exhibit to the
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 33-68114)
of Vesta Insurance Group, Inc., filed on August 31, 1993 and
incorporated herein by reference (File No. 1-12338))
10.7* The Company's Long Term Incentive Plan as amended effective as
of May 16, 1995 (filed as an exhibit to the Company's Form 10Q
for the quarter ended June 30, 1995, filed on August 14, 1995
and incorporated herein by reference (File No. 1-12338))
10.8* Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement entered into by
and between the Company and certain of its executive officers
and directors.
10.9* Cash Bonus Plan of the Company (filed as an exhibit to the
Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1993,
filed on March 28, 1994 and incorporated herein by reference
(File No. 1-2338))
10.10* J. Gordon Gaines, Inc. Post Retirement Benefits Plan (filed as
an exhibit to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended De-
cember 31, 1994, filed on March 29, 1995 and incorporated
herein by reference (File No. 1-12338))
10.11* J. Gordon Gaines, Inc. Retirement Savings Plan (filed as an
exhibit to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 1994, filed on March 29, 1995 and incorporated herein by
reference (File No. 1-12338))
47
Exhibit
No. Description
------- -----------
10.12* The Company's Non-Employee Director Stock Plan (filed as an
exhibit to the Company's
10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1995, filed on August 14,
1995 and incorporated herein by reference (File No. 1-12338))
10.13 Office Lease between the Company and Torchmark Development
Corporation, dated as of April 20, 1992 (filed as an exhibit
to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
1993, filed on March 28, 1994 and incorporated herein by ref-
erence (File No. 1-12338))
10.14 Agency Agreement between Liberty National Fire Insurance Com-
pany, Vesta Insurance Corporation, Sheffield Insurance Corpo-
ration, and Overby-Seawell Company (filed as an exhibit to
Amendment No. 1 to the Registraion Statement on Form S-1 (Reg-
istration No. 33-68114) of Vesta Insurance Group, Inc., filed
on October 18, 1993 and incorporated herein by reference (File
No. 1-12338))
10.15 Commercial/Personal Property Risk Excess Reinsurance Con-
tracts, dated July 1, 1993,
constituting the Company's Direct Per Risk Treaty Program, be-
tween Vesta Fire Insurance Corporation, Sheffield Insurance
Corporation, Vesta Insurance Corporation, Vesta Lloyds Insur-
ance Company and various reinsurers (filed as an exhibit to
Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1
(Registration No. 33-68114) of Vesta Insurance Group, Inc.,
filed on October 18, 1993 and incorporated herein by reference
(File No. 1-12338)) Renewed July 1, 1996.
10.16 Catastrophe Reinsurance Contracts, dated July 1, 1995, consti-
tuting the Company's Direct Property Catastrophe Program, be-
tween Vesta Fire Insurance Corporation, Vesta Insurance Corpo-
ration, Sheffield Insurance Corporation, Vesta Lloyds Insur-
ance Company and various reinsurers (filed as an exhibit to
the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994,
filed on March 29, 1995 and incorporated herein by reference
(File No. 1-12338)). Renewed July 1, 1996.
10.17 Specific Regional Castastrophe Excess Contracts, dated January
1, 1996, constituting the Company's Regional Property Catas-
trophe Program, between Vesta Fire Insurance Corporation and
various reinsurers (filed as an exhibit to the Company's Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995, filed on March 28,
1996 and incorporated herein by reference (File No. 1-12338)).
Renewed January 1, 1997.
10.18 Casualty Excess of Loss Reinsurance Agreements, dated January
1, 1994, constituting the Company's Casualty Excess of Loss
Reinsurance Program, between Vesta Fire Insurance Corporation,
Vesta Insurance Corporation, Sheffield Insurance Corporation,
Vesta Lloyds Insurance Company and various reinsurers (filed
as an exhibit to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1993, filed on March 28, 1994 and incorporated
herein by reference (File No. 1-12338)). Renewed January 1,
1997.
10.19 Amendment to Catastrophe Reinsurance Contracts, dated July 1,
1995, constituting the Company's Direct Property Catastrophe
Program, between Vesta Fire Insurance Corporation, Vesta In-
surance Corporation, Sheffield Insurance Corporation, Vesta
Lloyds Insurance Company, Hawaiian Insurance & Guaranty Compa-
ny, Limited and various reinsurers. (Filed as an exhibit to
the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30,
1995, filed on November 14, 1995 and incorporated herein by
reference (File No. 1-12338)). Renewed July 1, 1996.
10.20 Amendment to Catastrophe Reinsurance Contracts, dated January
1, 1996, constituting the Company's Direct Property Catastro-
phe Program, between Vesta Fire Insurance Corporation, Vesta
Insurance Corporation, Sheffield Insurance Corporation, Vesta
Lloyds Insurance Company, Hawaiian Insurance & Guaranty Compa-
ny, Limited and various reinsurers (filed as an exhibit to the
Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995,
filed on March 28, 1996 and incorporated herein by reference
(File No. 1-12338)). Renewed January 1, 1997.
48
Exhibit
No. Description
------- -----------
10.21 Credit Agreement between Vesta Insurance Group, Inc. and
Southtrust Bank of Alabama, N.A., ABN Amro Bank B.V., Bank of
Tokyo-Mitsubishi Trust Company. The First National Bank of
Chicago, Wachovia Bank of Georgia, N.A. and First Union Na-
tional Bank of North Carolina, as agent dated September 24,
1996 (filed as an exhibit to the Company's Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended September 30, 1996, filed on November 14, 1996
and incorporated herein by reference (File No. 1-12338)).
10.22 Quota Share Reinsurance Contract, effective July 1, 1996, cov-
ering all lines of business written by Vesta Fire Insurance
Coprporation, Sheffield Insurance Corporation, Vesta Insurance
Corporation, Vesta Lloyds Insurance Company, The Hawaiian In-
surance and Guaranty Company, Ltd. and various reinsurers
(filed as an exhibit to the Company's Form 10-Q for the quar-
ter ended September 30, 1996, filed on November 14, 1996 and
incorporated herein by reference (File No. 1-12338)).
11 Computation of Net Income Per Common Share.
21 List of Subsidiaries of the Company.
23 Consent of KPMG Peat Marwick LLP.
- --------
*These are the Company's compensatory plans.
Exhibit 11. Statement re computation of per share earnings
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC. COMPUTATION OF EARNINGS PER SHARE
1994 1995 1996
----------- ----------- -----------
Net Income.................................. $29,229,394 $42,698,844 $50,236,581
=========== =========== ===========
Weighted average shares outstanding......... 18,810,756 18,841,756 18,860,427
=========== =========== ===========
Primary earnings per share:
Net income................................ $ 1.55 $ 2.27 $ 2.66
=========== =========== ===========
- --------
Adjusted for stock split.
Exhibit 21. Subsidiaries of the Registrant
The following table lists subsidiaries of the registrant which meet the
definition of "significant subsidiary" according to Regulation S-X:
NAME UNDER WHICH
COMPANY STATE OF INCORPORATION COMPANY DOES BUSINESS
------- ---------------------- ---------------------
Vesta Fire Alabama Vesta Fire
Insurance Corporation Insurance Corporation
All other exhibits required by Regulation S-K are listed as to location in the
Exhibits Index on pages 47 through 49 of this report. Exhibits not referred to
have been omitted as inapplicable or not required.
49
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC. (PARENT COMPANY)
SCHEDULE II--CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
AT DECEMBER 31,
1995 1996
-------- --------
Assets
Investment in affiliates................................. $394,383 $433,632
Short-term investments................................... -- 6,980
-------- --------
Total investments...................................... 394,383 440,612
Cash..................................................... 77 5
Other assets............................................. 2,028 2
-------- --------
Total assets........................................... $396,488 $440,619
======== ========
Liabilities
Other liabilities........................................ 2,706 1,637
Short term debt.......................................... 15,000 22,000
Long term debt........................................... 98,163 98,279
-------- --------
Total liabilities...................................... 115,869 121,916
Stockholders' equity
Preferred stock, 5,000,000 shares authorized, none -- --
issued.....................................................
Common stock, $.01 par value, 32,000,000 shares
authorized,
issued: 1995--18,878,190 shares; 1996--18,970,695
shares................................................ 189 190
Additional paid-in capital............................... 159,449 161,037
Unrealized investment gains, net of applicable taxes..... 5,205 4,442
Retained earnings........................................ 119,458 166,795
Receivable from issuance of restricted stock............. (3,163) (3,207)
Treasury stock........................................... (520) (10,554)
-------- --------
Total stockholders' equity............................. 280,619 318,703
-------- --------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity............. $396,488 $440,619
======== ========
50
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC. (PARENT COMPANY)
SCHEDULE II--CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------
1994 1995 1996
-------------------------------------------
Revenues:
Net investment income............. $ 158 $ 385 $ 213
---------- ---------- ----------
Total revenues.................. 158 385 213
Expenses:
Interest expenses................. 1,708 5,273 10,059
Operating expenses................ 1,083 1,918 (6,745)
---------- ---------- ----------
Total expenses.................. 2,791 7,191 3,314
---------- ---------- ----------
Net income before income tax and
equity
in earnings of affiliates......... (2,633) (6,806) (3,101)
Income tax......................... 890 2,356 1,327
---------- ---------- ----------
Income before equity in earnings of (1,743) (4,450) (1,774)
affiliates.........................
Equity in earnings of affiliates... 30,972 47,149 52,008
---------- ---------- ----------
Net income......................... $ 29,229 $42,699 $ 50,237
========== ========== ==========
51
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC. (PARENT COMPANY)
SCHEDULE II--CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
1994 1995 1996
---------- ---------- ----------
Cash provided from operations............... $ 630 $ 7,223 $ 2,629
Cash used in investing activities:
Contribution to investments in affiliates.. -- (90,000)
Net (increase) decrease in short-term 1,235 195 (6,980)
investments.................................
--------- ---------- ----------
Cash used in investing activities........... 1,235 (82,582) (4,351)
Cash provided from financing activities:
Dividends paid............................. (1,881) (2,512) (2,836)
Issuance of debt........................... -- 113,164 7,115
Retirement of debt......................... -- (28,000) --
--------- ---------- ----------
Cash provided from financing activities..... (1,881) 82,652 4,279
Net increase (decrease) in cash............. 16 70 (72)
Cash balance at beginning of period......... 23 7 77
--------- ---------- ----------
Cash balance at end of period............... $ 7 $ 77 $ 5
========= ========== ==========
52
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
SCHEDULE III--SUPPLEMENTAL INSURANCE INFORMATION (CONSOLIDATED)
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1995 AND 1996
(DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
RESERVES FOR
DEFERRED UNPAID CLAIMS
POLICY AND CLAIM
ACQUISITION ADJUSTMENT UNEARNED
COSTS EXPENSES PREMIUMS
----------- ------------- --------
As of December 31, 1995:
Reinsurance................................ $43,891 $153,156 $102,186
Primary.................................... 23,940 46,158 66,326
------- -------- --------
$67,831 $199,314 $168,512
======= ======== ========
As of December 31, 1996:
Reinsurance................................ $56,232 $203,913 $170,798
Primary.................................... 19,300 43,311 57,527
------- -------- --------
$75,532 $247,224 $228,325
======= ======== ========
53
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
SCHEDULE III--SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION--(continued) (CONSOLIDATED)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN
THOUSANDS)
CLAIM AND
CLAIM
NET NET ADJUSTMENT AMORTIZATION OTHER NET
EARNED INVESTMENT EXPENSES OF OPERATING PREMIUMS
PREMIUMS INCOME INCURRED DAC EXPENSES WRITTEN
-------- ---------- ---------- ------------ --------- --------
Year Ended December 31,
1994:
Reinsurance............ $191,700 $ 9,503 $ 96,715 $15,607 $ 37,712 $193,136
Primary................ 68,252 3,496 43,566 8,219 26,757 66,574
-------- ------- -------- ------- -------- --------
$259,952 $12,999 $140,281 $23,826 $ 64,469 $259,710
======== ======= ======== ======= ======== ========
Year Ended December 31,
1995:
Reinsurance............ $290,657 $13,682 $171,132 $27,251 $ 56,488 $358,289
Primary................ 91,145 4,290 47,959 11,168 16,900 100,939
-------- ------- -------- ------- -------- --------
$381,802 $17,972 $219,091 $38,419 $ 73,388 $459,228
======== ======= ======== ======= ======== ========
Year Ended December 31,
1996:
Reinsurance............ $415,028 $18,767 $248,142 $38,724 $ 72,450 $446,062
Primary................ 96,884 4,381 46,778 14,372 29,052 94,570
-------- ------- -------- ------- -------- --------
$511,912 $23,148 $294,920 $53,096 $101,502 $540,632
======== ======= ======== ======= ======== ========
54
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
SCHEDULE IV--REINSURANCE (CONSOLIDATED)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996
(DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS)
GROSS CEDED TO ASSUMED PERCENTAGE OF
DIRECT OTHER FROM OTHER NET AMOUNT ASSUMED
PREMIUMS EARNED AMOUNT COMPANIES COMPANIES AMOUNT TO NET
- --------------- -------- --------- ---------- -------- --------------
1994...................... $106,190 $ 86,805 $240,567 $259,952 92.5%
1995...................... 139,910 117,654 359,546 381,802 94.2%
1996...................... 161,824 195,202 545,290 511,912 106.5%
55
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
SCHEDULE V--VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS (CONSOLIDATED)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1994, 1995 AND 1996 (DOLLAR AMOUNTS IN
THOUSANDS)
BALANCE ADDITIONS-- BALANCE
AT CHARGED AT END
BEGINNING TO COSTS AND OF
DESCRIPTION OF PERIOD EXPENSES DEDUCTIONS PERIOD
- ----------- --------- ------------ ---------- -------
Allowance for premiums of
collection:
1994.................... 30 74 34 70
1995.................... 70 60 60 70
1996.................... 70 168 168 70
56
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
VESTA INSURANCE GROUP, INC.
/s/ Robert Y. Huffman
By___________________________________
Robert Y. Huffman
Its President and Chief Executive
Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, as amended, this
report has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the
dates indicated.
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
--------- ----- ----
/s/ R. K. Richey
- ------------------------------------
R. K. Richey Director, Chairman of the
Board March 10, 1997
/s/ Robert Y. Huffman
- ------------------------------------
Robert Y. Huffman Director, President and March 10, 1997
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive
Officer)
/s/ Barry A Patrick
- ------------------------------------
Barry A. Patrick Senior Vice President, March 10, 1997
Administration (Principal
Financial Officer)
/s/ Mary Beth Heibein
- ------------------------------------
Mary Beth Heibein Controller and Principal March 10, 1997
Accounting Officer
/s/ Walter M. Beale, Jr.
- ------------------------------------
Walter M. Beale, Jr. Director March 10, 1997
/s/ Ehney A. Camp, III
- ------------------------------------
Ehney A. Camp, III Director March 10, 1997
/s/ Robert A. Hershbarger
- ------------------------------------
Robert A. Hershbarger Director March 10, 1997
/s/ Clifford F. Palmer
- ------------------------------------
Clifford F. Palmer Director March 10, 1997
/s/ Jarvis W. Palmer
- ------------------------------------
Jarvis W. Palmer Director March 10, 1997
/s/ Norman L. Rosenthal
- ------------------------------------
Norman L. Rosenthal Director March 10, 1997
/s/ Keith A. Tucker
- ------------------------------------
Keith A. Tucker Director March 10, 1997
57