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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
[x] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1999
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________________ to __________________
Commission file number: 0-21231
MATRIX BANCORP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Colorado 84-1233716
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
1380 Lawrence Street, Suite 1400
Denver, Colorado 80204
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (303) 595-9898
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, par value $.0001 per share
(Title of class)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [ X ] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405
of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. [ ]
As of March 14, 2000, 6,759,741 shares of common stock were outstanding. The
aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant,
based on the closing sales price of such stock on the NASDAQ National Market on
March 13, 2000, was $34,478,478. For purposes of this computation, all
executive officers, directors and 10% beneficial owners of the registrant are
deemed to be affiliates. Such determination should not be deemed an admission
that such executive officers, directors and 10% beneficial owners are
affiliates.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:
Portions of the Company's definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting
of Shareholders to be held May 26, 2000 are incorporated by reference into Part
III of this Form 10-K.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page
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PART I
Item 1. Business...................................................................................... 3
Item 2. Properties.................................................................................... 23
Item 3. Legal Proceedings............................................................................. 23
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders........................................... 25
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters......................... 25
Item 6. Selected Financial Data....................................................................... 26
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations......... 27
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.................................... 49
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data................................................... 49
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.......... 49
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant............................................ 49
Item 11. Executive Compensation........................................................................ 49
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management................................ 49
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions................................................ 49
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K.............................. 49
PART I
Item 1. Business
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Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
General. Matrix Bancorp, Inc. (occasionally referred to in this document as
"we," "Matrix Bancorp" or the "Company"), is a unitary thrift holding company
that, through our subsidiaries, focuses on traditional banking, mortgage banking
and trust activities. Our traditional banking activities include originating
and servicing residential, commercial and consumer loans and providing a broad
range of depository services. Our mortgage banking activities consist of
purchasing and selling residential mortgage loans and residential mortgage
servicing rights; offering brokerage, consulting and analytical services to
financial services companies and financial institutions; servicing residential
mortgage portfolios for investors; originating residential mortgages; and
providing real estate management and disposition services. Our trust activities
focus primarily on the administration of self-directed individual retirement
accounts, qualified business retirement plans and custodial and directed trust
accounts, as well as offering specialized custody and clearing services to
banks, trust companies, broker-dealers, third party administrators and
investment professionals.
The Company was incorporated in Colorado in June 1993 and was formerly called
"Matrix Capital Corporation." In December 1998, we changed our name to "Matrix
Bancorp, Inc." The trading symbol for our common stock on the NASDAQ National
Market is "MTXC."
The Subsidiaries
Our core business operations are conducted through the seven operating
subsidiaries described below. See note 20 to the consolidated financial
statements included elsewhere in this document for a presentation of financial
information by industry segment.
Matrix Capital Bank. With its main office in Las Cruces, New Mexico, full
service branches in Sun City, Arizona and Las Cruces, New Mexico, and loan
offices in Denver and Evergreen, Colorado, Matrix Bank serves its local
communities by providing a broad range of personal and business depository
services, offering residential loans, and providing consumer and commercial real
estate loans.
Matrix Bank also holds the noninterest-bearing custodial escrow deposits
related to the residential mortgage loan portfolio serviced by our subsidiary,
Matrix Financial, and the interest-bearing money market accounts administered by
our subsidiary, Sterling Trust. See "--Matrix Financial Services Corporation"
and "--The Vintage Group, Inc." These custodial escrow deposits and money
market accounts under administration, as well as other traditional deposits, are
used to fund bulk purchases of residential mortgage loan portfolios throughout
the United States, a substantial portion of which are serviced for Matrix Bank
by Matrix Financial following their purchase. As of December 31, 1999, Matrix
Bank had total assets of $1.1 billion.
Matrix Bank and the other subsidiaries have significant experience in
purchasing and originating mortgage loans, have familiarity with real estate
markets throughout the United States and have traditionally had access to
relatively low-cost deposits. The resulting knowledge and activities permit
Matrix Bank to manage its funding and capital position in a way that enhances
its performance.
United Financial, Inc. United Financial provides brokerage and consulting
services to financial institutions and financial services companies in the
mortgage banking industry. These services include:
. the brokering and analysis of residential mortgage loan servicing rights
and residential mortgage loans;
. corporate and mortgage loan servicing portfolio valuations, which includes
the "market-to-market" valuation and analysis required under Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 125; and
. to a lesser extent, consultation and brokerage services in connection with
mergers and acquisitions of mortgage banking entities.
United Financial provides brokerage services to the mortgage banking entities
of several of the nation's largest financial institutions. During 1999, United
Financial brokered the sale of 50 mortgage loan servicing portfolios totaling
$47.7 billion in outstanding mortgage loan principal balances, and during 1998
brokered the sale of 68 mortgage loan servicing portfolios totaling $66.4
billion in outstanding mortgage loan principal balances.
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United Financial's volume of brokerage activity and the expertise of its
analytics department give us access to a wide array of information relating to
the mortgage banking industry, including emerging market trends, prevailing
market prices, pending regulatory changes and changes in levels of supply and
demand. Consequently, we are often able to identify certain types of mortgage
loan and mortgage loan servicing portfolios that are well suited to our
particular servicing platform, investment objectives and unique corporate
structure.
Matrix Financial Services Corporation. Matrix Financial acquires mortgage
servicing rights on a nationwide basis through purchases in the secondary
market, services the loans underlying the mortgage servicing rights and
originates mortgage loans through its wholesale loan origination network.
As of December 31, 1999, Matrix Financial serviced 90,559 borrower accounts
representing $5.9 billion in principal balances, excluding $205.9 million in
subservicing for companies that are unaffiliated with us. The majority of these
accounts were seasoned loans having lower principal and higher custodial escrow
balances than newly originated mortgage loans. As a servicer of mortgage loans,
Matrix Financial is required to establish custodial escrow accounts for the
deposit of borrowers' payments. These custodial accounts are maintained at
Matrix Bank. At December 31, 1999, the custodial escrow accounts related to our
servicing portfolio maintained at Matrix Bank were $94.0 million.
During 1999, Matrix Financial originated $443.4 million in residential
mortgage loans primarily through its regional wholesale production offices
located in Atlanta, Chicago, Denver and Phoenix. The mortgage loans originated
by Matrix Financial are typically sold in the secondary market.
The Vintage Group, Inc. The Vintage Group has two primary subsidiaries,
Sterling Trust Company, headquartered in Waco, Texas, and First Matrix
Investment Services Corporation, headquartered in Arlington, Texas.
Sterling Trust was incorporated in 1984 as a Texas non-bank trust company
specializing in the administration of self-directed individual retirement
accounts, qualified business retirement plans and custodial and directed trust
accounts. As of December 31, 1999, Sterling Trust administered approximately
36,500 accounts with assets under administration of over $2.5 billion, of which
approximately $134.7 million represented deposits under administration held at
Matrix Bank.
First Matrix is a NASD broker-dealer that provides services to financial
institutions, individuals and deferred contribution plans.
Much of our efforts to expand our trust, custody and clearing services have
centered on a recent joint venture, Matrix Settlement & Clearance Services,
L.L.C., in which we and an unaffiliated third party each own a 50% equity stake.
Matrix Settlement & Clearance Services provides automated clearing of mutual
funds utilizing the National Securities Clearing Corporation's Fund/SERV and
Defined Contribution Clearance & Settlement platform for banks, trust companies,
third party administrators and registered investment advisors. At December 31,
1999, Matrix Settlement & Clearance Services had approximately 15 clients under
contract, with those clients administering approximately $3.0 billion in funds
that would be eligible for inclusion in the automated clearing environment of
the National Securities Clearing Corporation. Sterling Trust has already
benefited from increased custodial business as a result of the joint venture.
Additionally, Matrix Settlement & Clearance Services has generated low-cost
deposits for Matrix Bank in transactions where Matrix Bank serves as the
clearing bank. As of December 31, 1999, Matrix Settlement & Clearance Services
had $1.3 million of deposits at Matrix Bank.
United Capital Markets, Inc. United Capital Markets is a registered
investment advisor that focuses on interest rate risk management services for
institutional clients. It provides a professional outsourcing alternative to
in-house interest rate risk management departments and to Wall Street derivative
products.
United Capital Markets typically focuses on interest rate and prepayment risk
as they relate to specific objectives articulated to it by the client. United
Capital Market's interest rate risk management strategy includes modeling of
asset risk, setting up and trading individual hedge accounts and matching
accounting practice and management goals. Although we believe that United
Capital Markets will ultimately be able to implement interest rate risk
management strategies for clients with respect to several asset classes, its
initial focus has been on the implementation of interest rate risk management
strategies for clients' portfolios of mortgage servicing rights. United Capital
Markets is managed by former senior executives from nationally recognized
investment banks and the mortgage banking industry with many years of experience
in interest rate risk management and hedging strategies.
United Special Services, Inc. United Special Services provides nationwide
real estate management and disposition services on foreclosed properties owned
by financial services companies and financial institutions. In addition to the
unaffiliated clients currently served by United Special Services, Matrix
Financial uses United Special Services exclusively in
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handling the disposition of its foreclosed real estate. As of December 31, 1999,
United Special Services had approximately 1,300 foreclosed properties under its
management.
United Special Services also provides limited collateral valuation opinions to
clients that are interested in assessing the value of the collateral underlying
mortgage loans, as well as to clients such as Matrix Bank and other third party
mortgage loan buyers evaluating potential bulk purchases of mortgage loans.
ABS School Management Services, L.L.C. ABS provides outsourced business
services to charter schools. Charter schools are public schools that are an
alternative to traditional public schools. The primary services offered include
fund accounting, cash management, budgeting, governmental reporting, payroll and
accounts payable. In addition to business services, ABS provides administrative
and instructional leadership through on-site administrators. These programs
include curriculum development, special education and personnel management.
Other divisions of ABS include facility and safety management, technology,
policy development, grant administration, comprehensive insurance programs, as
well as a financing division, which offers lease financing to charter schools
for the purchase of school sites and equipment. The financing division also
provides cash flow loans to charter schools on occasion. The business services
mentioned above are integral to the financing division, as these services allow
ABS to use their knowledge of the schools' financial condition and the
capability of the schools' operators to make informed decisions in the
underwriting of charter school loans and leases. It also gives ABS a
significant advantage in the servicing and ongoing monitoring of the schools,
which we believe is imperative to the collection process and the overall success
of its financing efforts.
Savings Bank Activities
General. Matrix Bank's main office is in Las Cruces, New Mexico. It also has
branches in Las Cruces and in Sun City, Arizona, and loan production offices in
Denver and Evergreen, Colorado. Through these locations, Matrix Bank serves its
local communities by providing a broad range of personal and business depository
services, offering residential and consumer loans and providing commercial real
estate loans, including Small Business Administration loans. For a discussion
of the depository services offered by Matrix Bank, see "Management's Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations--Liquidity and
Capital Resources." For a discussion of the historical loan portfolio of the
Company, including that of Matrix Bank, see "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations--Asset and Liability
Management--Lending Activities."
Purchase and Sale of Bulk Loan Portfolios. In addition to our mortgage loan
origination and servicing-related activities, which are discussed under "--
Mortgage Banking Activities," we traditionally make bulk purchases of
residential mortgage loans in the secondary market through Matrix Bank. We
believe that our structure provides advantages over our competitors in the
purchase of bulk mortgage loan packages. In particular:
. United Financial, through its networking within the mortgage banking
industry, is able to refer mortgage banking companies that are interested
in selling mortgage loan portfolios directly to Matrix Bank. This direct
contact reduces the number of portfolios that must be purchased through
competitive bid situations, thereby reducing the cost associated with the
acquisition of bulk residential mortgage loan portfolios.
. Matrix Bank's affiliation with Matrix Financial provides servicing
advantages that a typical community bank does not possess. Matrix
Financial acts as a subservicer for a majority of Matrix Bank's mortgage
loan portfolio. Because Matrix Financial services loans throughout the
entire United States, Matrix Bank can acquire various types of loans
secured by property located in any of the fifty states.
Substantially all of the residential mortgage loans that Matrix Bank acquires
are classified as held for sale. This accounting classification requires Matrix
Bank to carry the loans at the lower of aggregate cost or market. The purchased
loan portfolios typically include both fixed and adjustable rate mortgage loans.
Although Matrix Bank reviews many loan portfolios for prospective acquisition,
it focuses on acquiring seasoned first lien priority loans secured primarily by
one-to-four single-family residential properties with unpaid principal balances
of less than $350,000. To the extent that adjustable rate loans are available,
Matrix Bank generally targets adjustable over fixed rate portfolios. Due to the
accounting treatment required, we believe that the focus on seasoned and
adjustable rate products reduces the effect of rising interest rates on the
portfolio's market value.
Matrix Bank purchases mortgage loan portfolios from various sellers who have
either originated the loans or, more typically, acquired the loan portfolios in
bulk purchases. Matrix Bank considers several factors prior to a purchase.
Among
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other factors, Matrix Bank considers the product type, the current loan
balance, the current interest rate environment, the seasoning of the mortgage
loans, payment histories, geographic location of the underlying collateral,
price, the current liquidity of Matrix Bank and the product mix in its existing
mortgage loan portfolio.
In some cases, the mortgage loan portfolios that Matrix Bank acquires are
purchased at yields that exceed market. Some of the loans in these portfolios
are considered performing loans that have had payment problems in the past or
have had document deficiencies. These types of portfolios afford Matrix Bank
with an opportunity to resell the loans at a higher price if the discount to
market on these portfolios accurately reflects the additional risks associated
with purchasing these types of loans. Loan document deficiencies are identified
in the due diligence process and, to the extent practical, are cured by Matrix
Bank prior to reselling the loans. Matrix Bank also analyzes the payment history
on each mortgage loan portfolio. Many prior problems may be a result of
inefficient servicing or may be attributable to several servicing transfers of
the loans over a short period of time. Because many considerations may impact
pricing or yield, Matrix Bank prices each loan package based on the specific
underlying loan characteristics.
Matrix Bank also buys nonperforming Federal Housing Administration and
Veteran's Administration loans from third party sellers. The Department of
Housing and Urban Development generally guarantees the principal and interest on
these nonperforming loans. These loans are at fixed rates and generally have a
short average life as the loans are typically liquidated through the foreclosure
and claim process. As of December 31, 1999, Matrix Bank owned $147.9 million of
these loans. See "Legal Proceedings."
Matrix Bank performs due diligence on each mortgage loan portfolio that it
desires to purchase on a bulk basis. These procedures consist of analyzing a
representative sample of the mortgage loans in the portfolio and are typically
performed by Matrix Bank employees, but occasionally are outsourced to third
party contractors. The underwriter takes into account many factors and
statistics in analyzing the sample of mortgage loans in the subject portfolio,
including: the general economic conditions in the geographic area or areas in
which the underlying residential properties are located; the loan-to-value
ratios on the underlying loans; and the payment histories of the borrowers. In
addition, the underwriter attempts to verify that each sample loan conforms to
the standards for loan documentation set by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. In
cases where a significant portion of the sample loans contain non-conforming
documentation, Matrix Bank assesses the additional risk involved in purchasing
the loans. This process helps Matrix Bank determine whether the mortgage loan
portfolio meets its investment criteria and, if it does, the range of pricing
that is appropriate.
Matrix Bank continually monitors the secondary market for purchases and sales
of mortgage loan portfolios and typically undertakes a sale of a particular loan
portfolio in an attempt to "match" an anticipated bulk purchase of a particular
mortgage loan portfolio or to generate current period earnings and cash flow.
To the extent that Matrix Bank is unsuccessful in matching its purchases and
sales of mortgage loans, Matrix Bank may have excess capital, resulting in less
leverage and higher capital ratios.
During the year ended December 31, 1999, we made bulk purchases of mortgage
loans of approximately $702.0 million and made bulk sales of approximately
$192.7 million for a net gain on sale of bulk mortgage loans of $3.2 million.
During the year ended December 31, 1998, we made bulk purchases of mortgage
loans of approximately $678.2 million and made bulk sales of approximately
$319.4 million for a gain on sale of bulk mortgage loans of $3.1 million.
Commercial and Other Lending. Matrix Bank, through its commercial real estate
division, has sought to diversify and enhance the yield of its loan portfolio by
originating commercial and consumer loans and by offering a full range of
lending products to its customers. The Company offers a variety of commercial
loan products, including: single-family construction loans; commercial real
estate loans; business and Small Business Administration loans; and financing to
charter schools for the purchase of real estate and equipment. Matrix Bank's
loan production office in Evergreen, Colorado, a suburb of Denver, principally
originates single-family construction and commercial real estate loans. Matrix
Bank's main office in Las Cruces, New Mexico also originates a portion of these
loans. ABS performs underwriting and funding of loans and leases for charter
schools.
Matrix Bank originates loans to builders for the construction of single-family
properties, and to a lesser extent, for the acquisition and development of
improved residential lots. Matrix Bank generally makes these loans on
commitment terms that last from nine to eighteen months and typically adjust
with the prime rate of interest. In many cases, the residential properties have
been pre-sold to the homeowner. It is generally considered that construction
lending involves a higher level of risk than secured lending on existing
properties because the properties securing construction loans are usually more
speculative and more difficult to evaluate and monitor.
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Matrix Bank generally limits its commercial lending to income-producing real
estate properties. The repayment of loans collateralized by income-producing
properties depends upon the successful operation of the related real estate
property and also on the credit and net worth of the borrower. Thus, repayment
is subject to the profitable operation of the borrower's business, conditions in
the real estate market, interest rate levels and overall economic conditions.
Loans on income-producing properties must generally meet internal underwriting
guidelines that include: a limit on the loan-to-value ratio of 75%; a review of
the borrower with regard to management talent, integrity, experience and
available financial resources; and, in most instances, a personal guarantee from
the borrower.
Matrix Bank's Small Business Administration division offers the following loan
products: SBA 7a loans; first trust deed loans under the SBA 504 program; first
trust deed companion loans, also known as "piggyback" loans; and Business and
Industry Guaranteed Loans offered through the United States Department of
Agriculture. Matrix Bank has received preferred lender status under the SBA
program in the Denver, Colorado market area. Preferred lender status allows
Matrix Bank to approve SBA-guaranteed loan applications without prior review
from the SBA, thereby accelerating the approval process for small business loan
applications. Preferred lenders also receive priority funding and service from
the SBA. Matrix Bank plans to apply for preferred lender status in other market
areas such as Utah, New Mexico and Arizona in 2000. During 1999, Matrix Bank
originated $18.6 million SBA loans.
During 1998, ABS began to offer direct financing leases to charter schools
located primarily in Arizona, Colorado and Texas for the purchase of real
estate, modular space and equipment. Charter schools are public schools that
serve as an alternative to traditional public schools, thereby providing
additional academic choices for parents and students. The direct financing
leases are generally fully amortizing and completed on a tax-exempt basis. On
occasion, we also provide cash flow loans to charter schools. During 1999, we
originated $18.2 million loans and leases to charter schools. We originate the
leases for resale and, as a result, classify the leases as held for sale.
Charter school financing involves inherent risks such as:
. the loan-to-value ratio for real estate transactions is 90% and for
furniture, fixtures and equipment is 100%;
. there are no personal guarantees; and
. cash flow to service the loans and leases is derived from the school's
student count. If the school's student count decreases, or is less than
projected, the school's ability to make scheduled payments on the financing
may be impaired.
In addition, Matrix Bank offers a variety of lending products to meet the
specific needs of its customers. These products include fully amortizing secured
installment loans, manufactured housing financing, credit card programs, home
equity loans, business loans and share loans. In addition to the secured
consumer loans, Matrix Bank extends unsecured loans, on a very limited basis, to
qualified borrowers based on their financial statements and creditworthiness.
Matrix Bank originates the majority of its consumer lending within the Las
Cruces, New Mexico market area.
Brokerage and Consulting Services
Brokerage Services. United Financial operates as one of the nation's leading
full-service mortgage servicing and mortgage loan brokers. It is capable of
analyzing, packaging, marketing and closing transactions involving servicing
portfolios and selected merger and acquisition transactions for mortgage banking
entities. United Financial markets its services to all types and sizes of
market participants, thereby developing diverse relationships. During 1999,
United Financial provided servicing brokerage services to various institutions,
including:
Chase Manhattan Mortgage First Star Mortgage
Crossland Mortgage Corp. Old Kent Mortgage Co.
First Nationwide Mortgage Corp.
Mortgage servicing rights are sold either on a bulk basis or a flow basis. In
a bulk sale, the seller identifies, packages and sells a portfolio of mortgage
servicing rights to a buyer in a single transaction. In a flow sale, the seller
agrees to sell to a specified buyer from time to time, at a predetermined price,
the mortgage servicing rights originated by the seller that meet certain
criteria. United Financial is capable of helping both buyers and sellers with
respect to bulk and flow sales of mortgage servicing rights.
We believe that the client relationships developed by United Financial through
its national network of contacts with commercial banks, mortgage companies,
savings associations and other institutional investors represent a significant
competitive advantage and form the basis for United Financial's national market
presence. These contacts also enable United
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Financial to identify prospective clients for our other subsidiaries and make
referrals when appropriate. See "--Consulting and Analytic Services."
The secondary market for purchasing and selling mortgage servicing rights has
become increasingly more active since its inception during the early 1980s.
Most institutions that own mortgage servicing rights have found that careful
management of these assets is necessary due to their susceptibility to interest
rate cycles, changing prepayment patterns of mortgage loans and fluctuating
earnings rates achieved on custodial escrow balances. Since companies must
capitalize originated mortgage servicing rights, management of mortgage
servicing assets has become even more critical. These management efforts,
combined with interest rate sensitivity of assets and the growth strategies of
market participants, create constantly changing supply and demand and,
therefore, constantly changing price levels in the secondary market for mortgage
servicing rights.
The sale and transfer of mortgage servicing rights occurs in a market that is
inefficient and often requires an intermediary to match buyers and sellers.
Prices are unpublished and closely guarded by market participants, unlike most
other major financial secondary markets. This lack of pricing information
complicates an already difficult process of differentiating between servicing
product types, evaluating regional, economic and socioeconomic trends and
predicting the impact of interest rate movements. Due to its significant
contacts, reputation and market penetration, United Financial has access to
information on the availability of mortgage servicing portfolios, which helps it
bring interested buyers and sellers together.
In addition, United Financial provides brokerage services to buyers and
sellers of single-family residential mortgage loans. United Financial provides
loan brokerage services to both servicing brokerage clients and non-servicing
brokerage clients. In 1999, United Financial served as principal or broker in
trading $1.0 billion of loans for clients, including Matrix Bank.
Consulting and Analytic Services. United Financial continues to make
significant commitments to its analytics department, which has developed
expertise in helping companies implement and track their "mark-to-market"
valuations and analyses. United Financial has enhanced its existing valuation
models and has created a software program that can be customized to fit its
customers' many different needs and unique situations in performing valuations
and analyses. In addition, United Financial has the infrastructure and
management information system capabilities necessary to undertake the complex
analyses required by FAS 125. Many of the companies affected by the
implementation of FAS 125 have outsourced this function to a third party rather
than dedicate the resources necessary to develop systems for and perform their
own FAS 125 valuations.
Because FAS 125 requires that mortgage servicing portfolios be valued at the
lower of cost or market value on a quarterly basis, active management of
servicing assets has become a critical component to holders of mortgage
servicing rights. Due to the risk of impairment of mortgage servicing rights as
a result of constantly changing interest rates and prepayment speeds on the
underlying mortgage portfolio, risk management of mortgage servicing rights by
holders of mortgage servicing rights portfolios, which typically takes the form
of hedging the portfolio, has become more prevalent. The FAS 125 "mark-to-
market" analyses done by United Financial help clients assess which of their
portfolios of mortgage servicing rights are most susceptible to impairment due
to interest rate and prepayment risk. Once identified, the analytics department
of United Financial is able to introduce the client to United Capital Markets,
which in turn is able to offer its interest rate risk management services
relating to the identified portfolio or other mortgage servicing portfolios
owned by the client in order to meet the client's stated objectives.
United Capital Markets' primary strategy employs interest rate risk management
techniques that are different and more cost-efficient than products offered by
Wall Street firms. United Capital Markets' approach includes modeling of asset
risk, establishing and trading individual hedge accounts and matching accounting
practice and management goals. United Capital Markets employs this strategy by
calculating the appropriate mix of exchange-traded treasury futures and options
to offset the change in value of the clients' portfolios. These calculations
are completed with real-time market pricing. Monthly portfolio evaluations are
calculated to ensure correlation and appropriate accounting treatment. The
hedging instruments used have lower transaction costs allowing both ease in
rebalancing, if necessary, and daily reporting. United Capital Markets uses a
combination of futures and options to match both the duration and convexity of
the hedged asset. As of December 31, 1999, United Capital Markets was providing
interest rate risk management services to six clients, including Matrix Bank and
Matrix Financial, with approximately $5.5 billion of mortgage servicing rights
hedged.
In 2000, United Financial plans to expand its analytic and consulting services
to include advisory services on business performance, including the risks and
rewards of various business lines.
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We believe that combining the services offered by the analytics department of
United Financial with those of United Capital Markets provides us with a
competitive advantage in attracting and retaining clients because we are able to
offer financial services companies and financial institutions a more complete
package of services than our competitors. In addition, United Financial is able
to refer clients to Matrix Bank for financing opportunities and to United
Special Services for asset disposition services. The full range of services
offered by United Financial and its affiliates further strengthens United
Financial's client relationships.
Mortgage Banking Activities
Residential Mortgage Loan Servicing. Matrix Financial and Matrix Bank each
has its own mortgage servicing portfolio, but we conduct our residential
servicing activities exclusively through Matrix Financial. Matrix Bank's
mortgage servicing rights are typically subserviced by Matrix Financial. At
December 31, 1999, Matrix Financial serviced approximately $5.9 billion of
mortgage loans, including $2.5 billion subserviced for Matrix Bank, but
excluding $205.9 million subserviced for companies that are not affiliated with
us.
Servicing mortgage loans involves a contractual right to receive a fee for
processing and administering loan payments. This processing involves collecting
monthly mortgage payments on behalf of investors, reporting information to those
investors on a monthly basis and maintaining custodial escrow accounts for the
payment of principal and interest to investors and property taxes and insurance
premiums on behalf of borrowers. These payments are held in custodial escrow
accounts at Matrix Bank. Matrix Bank invests this money in interest-earning
assets with returns that historically have been greater than could be realized
by Matrix Financial using the custodial escrow deposits as compensating balances
to reduce the effective borrowing cost on its warehouse credit facilities.
As compensation for its mortgage servicing activities, Matrix Financial
receives servicing fees, plus any late charges collected from delinquent
borrowers and other fees incidental to the services provided. In the event of
default by the borrower, Matrix Financial receives no servicing fees until the
default is cured. At December 31, 1999, Matrix Financial's annual weighted-
average servicing fee was 0.40%.
Servicing is provided on mortgage loans on a recourse or nonrecourse basis.
Our policy is to accept only a limited number of servicing assets on a recourse
basis. As of December 31, 1999 and 1998, on the basis of outstanding principal
balances, less than 1% of our owned mortgage servicing contracts involved
recourse servicing. To the extent that servicing is done on a recourse basis,
we are exposed to credit risk with respect to the underlying loan in the event
of a repurchase. Additionally, many of our nonrecourse mortgage servicing
contracts owned require us to advance all or part of the scheduled payments to
the owner of the mortgage loan in the event of a default by the borrower. Many
owners of mortgage loans also require the servicer to advance insurance premiums
and tax payments on schedule even though sufficient escrow funds may not be
available. Therefore, we must bear the funding costs associated with making
such advances. If the delinquent loan does not become current, these advances
are typically recovered at the time of the foreclosure sale. Foreclosure
expenses are generally not fully reimbursable by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or the
Government National Mortgage Association, for which we provide significant
amounts of mortgage loan servicing. As of December 31, 1999 and 1998, we had
advanced approximately $11.2 million and $7.9 million, respectively, in funds on
behalf of third party investors.
Mortgage servicing rights represent a contractual right to service, and not a
beneficial ownership interest in, underlying mortgage loans. Failure to service
the loans in accordance with contract or other applicable requirements may lead
to the termination of the mortgage servicing rights and the loss of future
servicing fees. To date, there have been no terminations of mortgage servicing
rights by any mortgage loan owners because of our failure to service the loans
in accordance with our obligations.
In order to track information on our servicing portfolio, Matrix Financial
utilizes a data processing system provided by Alltel Information Services, Inc.
Because Alltel is one of the largest mortgage banking service bureaus in the
United States, we believe that this system gives Matrix Financial capacity to
support expansion of our residential mortgage loan servicing portfolio.
9
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the composition
of our mortgage servicing portfolio, excluding loans subserviced for others, as
of the dates indicated:
As of December 31,
---------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
----------------- ------------ ------------
(In thousands)
FHA insured/VA guaranteed residential.......................... $ 926,179 $ 960,053 $ 699,056
Conventional loans............................................. 4,891,809 4,338,308 2,633,563
Other loans.................................................... 71,727 59,368 15,443
------------ ------------ ------------
Total mortgage servicing portfolio.......................... $ 5,889,715 $ 5,357,729 $ 3,348,062
============ ============ ============
Fixed rate loans............................................... $ 4,926,055 $ 4,234,349 $ 2,691,409
Adjustable rate loans.......................................... 963,660 1,123,380 656,653
------------ ------------ ------------
Total mortgage servicing portfolio.......................... $ 5,889,715 $ 5,357,729 $ 3,348,062
============ ============ ============
The following table shows the delinquency statistics for the mortgage loans
serviced by Matrix Financial, excluding loans subserviced for others, compared
with national average delinquency rates as of the dates presented.
Delinquencies and foreclosures for the mortgage loans serviced by us generally
exceed the national average due to high rates of delinquencies and foreclosures
on certain bulk loan and bulk servicing portfolios that we acquired at a
discount. In September 1999, we acquired a servicing portfolio with some
seriously delinquent loans, the majority of which were in active bankruptcy or
foreclosure. This portfolio was responsible for the majority of the increase in
the percentage of our servicing portfolio that was delinquent at December 31,
1999.
As of December 31,
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998
---------------------------------------- --------------------------------------
National National
Company Average(1) Company Average(1)
------------------------- ----------- ----------------------- -----------
Number Percentage Percentage Number Percentage Percentage
of of Servicing of of of Servicing of
Loans Portfolio Loans Loans Portfolio Loans
------------------------- ----------- ----------------------- -----------
Loans delinquent for:
30-59 days............... 4,079 4.50% 2.88% 3,120 3.98% 2.96%
60-89 days............... 1,120 1.24 0.63 612 0.78 0.68
90 days and over......... 2,426 2.68 0.59 712 0.91 0.60
------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Total delinquencies...... 7,625 8.42% 4.10% 4,444 5.67% 4.24%
====== ====== ====== ====== ====== ======
Foreclosures............. 905 1.00% 0.98% 727 0.93% 1.11%
====== ====== ====== ====== ====== ======
As of December 31,
-------------------------------------
1997
-------------------------------------
National
Company Average(1)
----------------------- -----------
Number Percentage Percentage
of of Servicing of
Loans Portfolio Loans
------- ------------- -----------
Loans delinquent for:
30-59 days............... 3,558 5.78% 3.03%
60-89 days............... 835 1.36 0.71
90 days and over......... 912 1.48 0.62
------ ------ ------
Total delinquencies...... 5,305 8.62% 4.36%
====== ====== ======
Foreclosures............. 447 0.73% 1.11%
====== ====== ======
(1) Source: Mortgage Bankers Association, "Delinquency Rates of 1- to 4-Unit
Residential Mortgage Loans" (Seasonally Adjusted) (Data as of September 30,
1999, December 31, 1998 and December 31, 1997, respectively. Data as of
December 31, 1999 was not yet available).
The following table sets forth certain ifnormation regarding the number and
aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans serviced by Matrix Financial,
including both fixed and adjustable rate loans, excluding loans subserviced for
others, at various interest rates:
As of December 31,
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998
---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
Percentage Percentage
Number Aggregate of Aggregate Number Aggregate of Aggregate
of Principal Principal of Principal Principal
Rate Loans Balance Balance Loans Balance Balance
- ------------------------ -------- ----------- ------------- ------- ----------- ------------
(Dollars in thousands)
Less than 7.00%......... 7,301 $ 618,659 10.50% 7,123 $ 662,491 12.36%
7.00%-- 7.99%........... 30,848 2,467,177 41.89 22,341 1,799,472 33.59
8.00%-- 8.99%........... 28,620 1,822,777 30.95 26,702 1,859,471 34.71
9.00%-- 9.99%........... 15,892 647,918 11.00 15,557 731,586 13.65
10.00%--10.99%.......... 7,898 333,184 5.66 6,067 284,637 5.31
11.00%--11.99%.......... - - - 251 9,441 0.18
12.00% and over......... - - - 305 10,631 0.20
-------- ----------- ----------- ------- ----------- ----------
Total.................. 90,559 $ 5,889,715 100.00% 78,346 $ 5,357,729 100.00%
======== =========== =========== ======= =========== ==========
As of December 31,
---------------------------------------
1997
---------------------------------------
Percentage
Number Aggregate of Aggregate
of Principal Principal
Rate Loans Balance Balance
- ------------------------ ------- ----------- -------------
Less than 7.00%......... 2,968 $ 220,582 6.59%
7.00%-- 7.99%........... 13,836 915,789 27.35
8.00%-- 8.99%........... 19,800 1,121,807 33.51
9.00%-- 9.99%........... 15,780 696,575 20.80
10.00%--10.99%.......... 9,086 390,956 11.68
11.00%--11.99%.......... 37 2,110 0.06
12.00% and over......... 10 243 0.01
------- ----------- -------------
Total.................. 61,517 $ 3,348,062 100.00%
======= =========== =============
10
Loan administration fees decrease as the principal balance on the outstanding
loan decreases and as the remaining time to maturity of the loan shortens. The
following table sets forth certain information regarding the remaining maturity
of the mortgage loans serviced by Matrix Financial, excluding loans subserviced
for others, as of the dates shown. The changes in the remaining maturities as a
percentage of unpaid principal between 1999, 1998 and 1997, as reflected below,
are the result of acquisitions of mortgage servicing rights completed during
1999 and 1998.
As of December 31,
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998
--------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------
Percentage Percentage
Number Percentage Unpaid Unpaid Number Percentage Unpaid Unpaid
of of Number Principal Principal of of Number Principal Principal
Maturity Loans of Loans Amount Amount Loans of Loans Amount Amount
- -------------- -------- ----------- ----------- --------- ------- ---------- ------------ ----------
(Dollars in thousands)
1-- 5 years.... 34,990 38.64% $ 1,043,559 17.72% 9,478 12.10% $ 216,441 4.04%
6--10 years.... 10,364 11.44 577,077 9.80 21,320 27.21 943,428 17.61
11--15 years... 8,691 9.60 560,212 9.51 10,231 13.06 534,187 9.97
16--20 years... 18,624 20.57 1,766,824 30.00 7,870 10.04 545,628 10.18
21--25 years... 3,417 3.77 381,663 6.48 12,524 15.99 1,184,562 22.11
More than 25
years......... 14,473 15.98 1,560,380 26.49 16,923 21.60 1,933,483 36.09
-------- -------- ----------- ---------- ------ ------- ------------ ----------
Total......... 90,559 100.00% $ 5,889,715 100.00% 78,346 100.00% $ 5,357,729 100.00%
======== ======== =========== ========== ======= ======= ============ ==========
As of December 31,
----------------------------------------------------
1997
----------------------------------------------------
Percentage
Number Percentage Unpaid Unpaid
of of Number Principal Principal
Maturity Loans of Loans Amount Amount
- -------------- ------ --------- ---------- ---------
(Dollars in thousands)
1-- 5 years.... 7,485 12.17% $ 103,761 3.10%
6--10 years.... 11,405 18.54 257,208 7.68
11--15 years... 14,325 23.29 589,747 17.62
16--20 years... 9,600 15.61 558,605 16.68
21--25 years... 7,427 12.07 687,563 20.54
More than 25
years......... 11,275 18.32 1,151,178 34.38
------- ---------- ----------- ----------
61,517 100.00% $ 3,348,062 100.00%
Total......... ======= ========== =========== ==========
Our servicing activity is diversified throughout all 50 states with
concentrations at December 31, 1999 in California, Texas and Florida of
approximately 23.1%, 14.1% and 8.9%, respectively, based on aggregate
outstanding unpaid principal balances of the mortgage loans serviced.
Acquisition of Servicing Rights. Our strategy with respect to mortgage
servicing focuses on acquiring servicing for which the underlying mortgage loans
tend to be more seasoned and to have lower interest rates, lower principal
balances and higher custodial escrow balances than newly originated mortgage
loans. We believe this strategy allows us to reduce our prepayment risk, while
allowing us to capture relatively high custodial escrow balances in relation to
the outstanding principal balance. During periods of declining interest rates,
prepayments of mortgage loans increase as homeowners seek to refinance at lower
interest rates, resulting in a decrease in the value of the servicing portfolio.
Mortgage loans with higher interest rates and/or higher principal balances are
more likely to result in prepayments since the cost savings to the borrower from
refinancing can be significant. Despite the strategy mentioned above, we remain
opportunistic in our acquisition philosophy. If higher balance, less seasoned
portfolios are available at our desired internal rate of return, we may, from
time to time, pursue such acquisitions.
The following table shows quarterly and annual average prepayment rate
experience on the mortgage loans serviced by Matrix Financial, excluding loans
subserviced by and for others:
For the Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------------
1999(1)(4) 1998(2)(4) 1997(3)
---------------------- ---------------------- ----------------
Quarter ended:
December 31........................ 13.63% 28.36% 12.52%
September 30....................... 17.43 23.60 12.75
June 30............................ 24.70 21.53 10.94
March 31........................... 26.47 17.00 8.97
---------------------- ---------------------- ----------------
Annual average...................... 20.56% 22.62% 11.30%
====================== ====================== ================
_________________
(1) These prepayment rates exclude prepayment experience for mortgage servicing
rights subserviced for us by others of $0, $576 million, $1.0 billion and
$238 million for the quarters ended December 31, September 30, June 30 and
March 31, 1999, respectively.
(2) These prepayment rates exclude prepayment experience for mortgage servicing
rights subserviced for us by others of $930 million, $703 million, $0 and
$1.3 billion for the quarters ended December 31, September 30, June 30, and
March 31, 1998, respectively.
(3) These prepayment rates exclude prepayment experience for mortgage servicing
rights subserviced for us by others of $700 million, $1.1 billion, $610
million and $1.3 billion for the quarters ended December 31, September 30,
June 30, and March 31, 1997, respectively.
(4) These prepayment rates do not include prepayments that resulted from us
targeting our own servicing portfolio for refinance opportunities.
We acquire substantially all of our mortgage servicing rights in the secondary
market. The industry expertise of United Financial and Matrix Financial allows
us to capitalize upon inefficiencies in this market when acquiring mortgage
servicing rights. Prior to acquiring mortgaging servicing rights, we analyze a
wide range of characteristics of each portfolio considered for purchase. This
analysis includes projecting revenues and expenses and reviewing geographic
distribution, interest rate
11
distribution, loan-to-value ratios, outstanding balances, delinquency history
and other pertinent statistics. Due diligence is performed either by our
employees or a designated independent contractor on a representative sample of
the mortgages involved. The purchase price is based on the present value of the
expected future cash flow, calculated by using a discount rate and loan
prepayment assumptions that we consider to be appropriate to reflect the risk
associated with the investment.
Sales of Servicing Rights. We periodically sell our purchased mortgage
servicing portfolios and generally sell all mortgage servicing rights on new
loans that we originate. These sales increase current revenue, which is
reflected in loan origination income for originated servicing and gain on sale
of servicing for purchased servicing, and generate cash at the time of sale, but
reduce future servicing fee income. We sold mortgage servicing rights on loans
that we originated having an aggregate principal amount of $228.9 million and
$277.4 million during the years ended December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
Periodically, we may also sell purchased mortgage servicing rights to
restructure our portfolio or generate revenues. Purchased mortgage servicing
rights were sold on loans having an aggregate principal amount of $161.2 million
and $175.3 million during the years ended December 31, 1999 and 1998, for net
gains of $363,000 and $803,000, respectively.
We anticipate that we will continue to sell substantially all originated
mortgage servicing rights on new loans that we originate. We also may sell
purchased mortgage servicing rights. We intend to base decisions regarding
future mortgage servicing sales upon our cash requirements, purchasing
opportunities, capital needs, earnings and the market price for mortgage
servicing rights. During a quarter in which we sell purchased mortgage
servicing rights, reported income will tend to be greater than if we had not
made the sale during that quarter. Prices obtained for mortgage servicing
rights vary depending on servicing fee rates, anticipated prepayment rates,
average loan balances, remaining time to maturity, servicing costs, custodial
escrow balances, delinquency and foreclosure experience and purchasers' required
rates of return.
In the ordinary course of selling mortgage servicing rights in accordance with
industry standards, we make certain representations and warranties to purchasers
of mortgage servicing rights. If a borrower defaults and there has been a
breach of representations or warranties and we have no third party recourse, we
may become liable for the unpaid principal and interest on defaulted loans. In
such a case, we may be required to repurchase the mortgage loan and bear any
subsequent loss on the loan. In connection with any purchases of mortgage
servicing rights that we make, we also are exposed to liability to the extent
that an originator or seller of the mortgage servicing rights is unable to honor
its representations and warranties. Historically, we have not incurred material
losses due to breaches of representations and warranties and we do not
anticipate any future material losses due to breaches of representations and
warranties; however, there can be no assurance that we will not experience such
losses.
Hedging of Servicing Rights. Our investment in mortgage servicing rights is
exposed to potential impairment in certain interest rate environments. As
previously discussed, the prepayment of mortgage loans increases during periods
of declining interest rates as homeowners seek to refinance their loan to lower
interest rates. If the level of prepayment on segments of our mortgage
servicing portfolio reaches a level higher than we projected for an extended
period of time, the associated basis in the mortgage servicing rights may be
impaired. To mitigate this risk of impairment due to declining interest rates,
we initiated a hedging strategy during 1997 that is managed by United Capital
Markets and uses a program of exchange-traded futures and options. We had hedged
approximately 10% of our servicing portfolio as of December 31, 1999 and
approximately 13% of our servicing portfolio as of December 31, 1998. The
hedging program qualifies for hedge accounting treatment based on a high degree
of statistical correlation and current accounting guidance.
Residential Mortgage Loan Origination. We originate residential mortgage
loans on both a wholesale and retail basis through Matrix Financial and Matrix
Bank. Matrix Financial originated a total of $443.4 million in residential
mortgage loans for the year ended December 31, 1999 and $575.0 million in
residential mortgage loans for the year ended December 31, 1998.
Wholesale Originations. Matrix Financial's primary source of mortgage loan
originations is its wholesale division, which originates mortgage loans through
approved independent mortgage loan brokers. These brokers qualify to
participate in Matrix Financial's program through a formal application process
that includes an analysis of the broker's financial condition and sample loan
files, as well as the broker's reputation, general lending expertise and
references. As of December 31, 1999, Matrix Financial had approved
relationships with approximately 1,430 mortgage loan brokers. From Matrix
Financial's offices in Atlanta, Chicago, Denver and Phoenix, the sales staff
solicit mortgage loan brokers throughout the Southeastern, Midwestern and Rocky
Mountain areas of the United States for mortgage loans that meet Matrix
Financial's criteria.
Mortgage loan brokers act as intermediaries between borrowers and Matrix
Financial in arranging mortgage loans. Matrix Financial, as an approved
seller/servicer for Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Government National Mortgage
Association, provides these brokers access to the secondary market for the sale
of mortgage loans that they otherwise cannot access because they do not meet the
applicable seller/servicer net worth requirements. Matrix Financial attracts
and maintains relationships with mortgage loan brokers by offering a variety of
services and products.
12
To supplement our product offerings made through our wholesale loan
origination network, we offer a program tailored to borrowers who are unable or
unwilling to obtain mortgage financing from conventional mortgage sources. The
borrowers who need this type of loan product often have impaired or
unsubstantiated credit histories and/or unverifiable income and require or seek
a high degree of personalized service and swift response to their loan
applications. As a result, these borrowers generally are not averse to paying
higher interest rates for this loan product type, as compared to the interest
rates charged by conventional lending sources. We have established
classifications with respect to the credit profiles of these borrowers. The
classifications range from A- through D depending upon a number of factors,
including the borrower's credit history and employment status. During 1999 and
1998, Matrix Financial originated $38.5 million and $45.7 million, respectively,
of A- through D credit residential mortgage loans, all of which were sold to
unaffiliated third party investors on a nonrecourse basis under standard
industry representations and warranties. All current originations of A- through
lesser quality credit loans are sold to a third party at the time the loan is
closed under a best efforts commitment.
Matrix Financial's management has decided, for strategic purposes, to increase
its emphasis on wholesale originations through hiring loan producers at existing
offices. In low or decreasing interest rate environments, increased loan
origination volumes can act as a hedge against the decreasing value of mortgage
servicing portfolios caused by increased prepayments.
Retail Originations. Matrix Bank originates residential loans on a retail
basis through its branches in Las Cruces, New Mexico and Sun City, Arizona. In
early 1997, Matrix Bank opened a lending office in Evergreen, Colorado. This
location primarily originates residential construction loans and commercial
loans in the local market place. We anticipate that the construction loans
funded through the Evergreen office will be converted to permanent mortgage
loans funded through Matrix Bank. The retail loans originated by Matrix Bank
consist of a broad range of residential loans, at both fixed and adjustable
rates, consumer loans and commercial real estate loans.
Matrix Financial has also developed a retention center that focuses on the
solicitation of our portfolio and others' owned servicing portfolios for
refinancing opportunities. The goal is to identify those mortgagees which are
likely to refinance and have them refinance with Matrix Financial. If the
borrower is from our servicing portfolio, we have effectively preserved a
portion of our servicing portfolio, as the borrower would have been likely to
refinance with another lender.
Quality Control. We have a loan quality control process designed to ensure
sound lending practices and compliance with Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and
applicable private investor guidelines. Prior to funding any wholesale or
retail loan, we perform a pre-funding quality control audit that consists of the
verification of employment and utilizes a detailed checklist. In addition, on a
monthly basis we select 10% of all closed loans for a detailed audit conducted
by our own personnel or a third party service provider. The quality control
process entails performing a complete underwriting review and independent re-
verification of all employment information, tax returns, source of down payment
funds, bank accounts and credit. Furthermore, 10% of the audited loans are
chosen for an independent field review and standard factual credit report. All
discovered deficiencies in these audits are reported to our senior management to
determine trends and additional training needs. We then address and cure all
resolvable issues. We also perform a quality control audit on all early payment
defaults, first payment defaults and 60-day delinquent loans, the findings of
which are reported to the appropriate investor and/or senior management.
Sale of Originated Loans. We generally sell the residential mortgage loans
that we originate. Under ongoing programs established with Fannie Mae and
Freddie Mac, conforming conventional loans may be sold on a cash basis or pooled
by us and exchanged for securities guaranteed by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. We
then sell these securities to national or regional broker-dealers. Mortgage
loans sold to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac are sold on a nonrecourse basis so that
foreclosure losses are generally borne by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac and not by
us.
We also sell nonconforming residential mortgage loans on a nonrecourse basis
to other secondary market investors. These loans are typically first lien
mortgage loans that do not meet all of the agencies' underwriting guidelines,
and are originated instead for other institutional investors with whom we have
previously negotiated purchase commitments and for which we occasionally pay a
fee.
We sell residential mortgage loans on a servicing-retained or servicing-
released basis. Certain purchasers of mortgage loans require that the loan be
sold to them servicing-released. Generally, we sell conforming loans on a
servicing-retained basis and nonconforming loans on a servicing-released basis.
See "--Residential Mortgage Loan Servicing."
In connection with our residential mortgage loan originations and sales, we
make customary representations and warranties, similar in nature and scope to
those provided in connection with sales of mortgage servicing rights. Our
experience has been that giving such representations and warranties rarely
results in a request for repurchases or repurchases of a significant amount of
residential mortgage loans in a given transaction. However, there can be no
assurance that we will
13
not be required to make a significant repurchase in the future or that losses
will not occur in the future due to the representations and warranties issued.
See "Legal Proceedings."
The sale of mortgage loans may generate a gain or loss for us. Gains or
losses result primarily from two factors. First, we may make a loan to a
borrower at a rate resulting in a price that is higher or lower than we would
receive if we had immediately sold the loan in the secondary market. These
price differences occur primarily as a result of competitive pricing conditions
in the primary loan origination market. Second, gains or losses may result from
changes in interest rates that result in changes in the market value of the
mortgage loans from the time that the price commitment is given to the borrower
until the time that the mortgage loan is sold to the investor. Net gains and
losses on originated loans are recorded in loan origination income.
In order to hedge against the interest rate risk resulting from these timing
differences, we historically have committed to sell all closed originated
mortgage loans held for sale and a portion of the mortgage loans that are not
yet closed but for which the interest rate has been established, sometimes
referred to in this document as "pipeline loans." We adjust our net commitment
position daily either by entering into new commitments to sell or by buying back
commitments to sell depending upon our projection of the portion of the pipeline
loans that we expect to close. These projections are based on numerous factors,
including changes in interest rates and general economic trends. The accuracy
of the underlying assumptions bears directly upon the effectiveness of our use
of forward commitments and subsequent profitability. The inherent value of the
forward commitments is considered in the determination of the lower of cost or
market in valuing our pipeline and funded loans at any given time.
Self-Directed Trust, Custody and Clearing Activities
Sterling Trust provides administrative services for self-directed individual
retirement accounts, qualified business retirement plans, custodial accounts and
a variety of corporate trust and escrow arrangements. In addition, Sterling
Trust offers specialized custody and clearing services to investment
professionals. These services are marketed on a nationwide basis to the
financial services industry, specifically broker-dealers, registered
representatives, financial planners and advisors, tax professionals, insurance
agents and investment product sponsors. The advantage offered by Sterling Trust
is the ability to hold a wide array of assets, including mutual funds and
brokerage accounts for trading public stocks, as well as nonstandard assets such
as real estate, trust deeds, individually negotiated debt instruments and
private offerings of securities.
Sterling Trust does not offer financial planning or advising services, nor
does it sell or solicit any investments. Sterling Trust offers only trust and
custodial services without affiliation to any investment. It has always been
Sterling Trust's mission to keep this independence to ensure that high quality
services are offered without any conflicting interests. Sterling Trust executes
no investment transaction without the direction of the account holder or the
account holder's designated representative.
Individual Retirement Account Services. Account holders have complete control
in the selection and management of all investments. Because investment decisions
are involved, account holders may choose to appoint a financial planner,
stockbroker or other individual to be their designated representative. The
advantages offered by a Sterling Trust self-directed IRA include the freedom to
diversify among a wide range of investment choices and the convenience of
consolidation.
A Sterling Trust IRA offers the ability to invest in all types of public
mutual funds, stocks, bonds, annuities and limited partnerships. In addition, a
Sterling Trust IRA permits nonstandard assets such as real estate, trust deeds,
stock of closely-held companies and other types of private placement
investments. With a wide range of investment vehicles, a Sterling Trust IRA can
help account holders meet their retirement objectives.
With a Sterling Trust self-directed IRA, several IRAs may be consolidated
into one IRA account. This consolidation may potentially reduce administrative
fees, as well as save account holders time spent managing their investments.
The quarterly statements provided by Sterling Trust allow account holders to
view their account holdings on one comprehensive, easy-to-read statement.
Qualified Business Retirement Plan Services. Sterling Trust offers quality
record keeping and administration services on 401(k) plans, profit sharing
plans, money purchase pension plans and other types of defined contribution and
defined benefit plans. Prototype plan documents that provide cost-effective
compliance with the tax codes are available for employers of all sizes, from
sole proprietors to large corporations.
Sterling Trust's qualified business retirement plans are designed to allow
the employer to choose the level of service needed, from simple bookkeeping and
government reporting, to complete, comprehensive services. No matter what level
of
14
service an employer selects, Sterling Trust offers complete independence from
investment products which allows the employer to choose among a full range of
investment options.
In addition to choosing a plan that meets their service needs and provides
investment flexibility, the employer can select from among a wide range of plan
features, which include daily valuation, participant loans, integration with
social security and the ability to hold life insurance within the plan.
Custodial Services. Sterling Trust offers custodial services on both
qualified business retirement plans and non-qualified accounts. Custodial
services are also offered on 403(b) plans. By using Sterling Trust's custodial
services, individuals and businesses nationwide can monitor and track all
investments held within their portfolio. Sterling Trust will execute trades at
the direction of the account holder, hold title to the assets as custodian,
receive and process periodic reports and earnings and then summarize this
activity on quarterly account statements. At year-end, all tax reporting data
is prepared and sent to the account holder for income tax preparation purposes.
Custodial accounts receive the same investment flexibility as that which is
offered on other types of accounts.
Corporate Trust/Escrow Services. Sterling Trust offers a full range of
corporate trust and escrow services to investment product sponsors. In general,
Sterling Trust will serve as the administrative trustee under various types of
service agreements, provided that it has no discretion with regard to the
investment of assets. Typical administrative services include holding funds in
escrow, holding of trust assets, periodic reporting on investment activity,
registrar and paying agent services and maintaining investor records.
Clearing Services. Matrix Settlement & Clearance Services, our 50% owned
joint venture, provides automated clearing of mutual funds utilizing the
National Securities Clearing Corporation's Fund/SERV and Defined Contribution
Clearance & Settlement platform for banks, trust companies, third party
administrators and registered investment advisors. Sterling Trust has already
benefited from increased custodial business as a result of the joint venture.
Additionally, Matrix Settlement & Clearance Services has generated low-cost
deposits for Matrix Bank in transactions where Matrix Bank serves as the
clearing bank.
At December 31, 1999, Sterling Trust had assets under administration of over
$2.5 billion.
Real Estate Management and Disposition Services
United Special Services provides real estate management and disposition
services on foreclosed properties owned by financial services companies and
financial institutions across the United States. In addition to the unaffiliated
clients currently served by United Special Services, many of which are also
clients of United Financial, Matrix Financial uses United Special Services
exclusively in handling the disposition of its foreclosed real estate. Having
United Special Services, rather than Matrix Financial, provide this service
transforms the disposition process into a revenue generator for us, since United
Special Services typically collects a referral fee based on the value of the
foreclosed real estate from the real estate broker involved in the sale
transaction. Because United Special Services typically collects its fee from
the real estate broker, United Special Services is able to provide this
disposition service on an outsourced basis and at no additional cost to the
mortgage loan servicer. United Special Services is able to pass the cost of the
disposition on to the real estate broker because of the volume it generates.
In addition, United Special Services provides limited collateral valuation
opinions to clients who are interested in assessing the value of the underlying
collateral on nonperforming mortgage loans, as well as to clients such as Matrix
Bank and other third party mortgage loan originators and buyers interested in
evaluating potential bulk purchases of mortgage loans.
Competition
We compete for the acquisition of mortgage servicing rights and bulk loan
portfolios mainly with mortgage companies, savings associations, commercial
banks and other institutional investors. We believe that we have competed
successfully for the acquisition of mortgage servicing rights and bulk loan
portfolios by relying on the advantages provided by our unique corporate
structure and the secondary market expertise of our employees.
We believe that Matrix Bank's most direct competition for deposits comes from
local financial institutions. Customers distinguish between market participants
based primarily on price and, to a lesser extent, the quality of customer
service and name recognition. Matrix Bank's cost of funds fluctuates with
general market interest rates. During certain interest rate environments, we
expect additional significant competition for deposits from corporate and
governmental debt securities, as
15
well as from money market mutual funds. Matrix Bank competes for conventional
deposits by emphasizing quality of service, extensive product lines and
competitive pricing.
For mortgage loan and mortgage servicing rights brokerage and consulting, we
compete mainly with other mortgage banking consulting firms, national and
regional investment banking companies and accounting firms. We believe that the
customers distinguish between market participants based primarily on customer
service. United Financial competes for its brokerage and consulting activities
by:
. recruiting qualified and experienced sales people;
. developing innovative sales techniques;
. offering superior analytical services, including hedging strategies;
. providing financing opportunities to its customers through its affiliation
with Matrix Bank; and
. seeking to provide a higher level of service than is furnished by its
competitors.
In originating mortgage loans, Matrix Financial and Matrix Bank compete
mainly with other mortgage companies, finance companies, savings associations
and commercial banks. Customers distinguish among market participants based
primarily on price and, to a lesser extent, the quality of customer service and
name recognition. Aggressive pricing policies of our competitors, especially
during a declining period of mortgage loan originations, could in the future
result in a decrease in our mortgage loan origination volume and/or a decrease
in the profitability of our loan originations, thereby reducing our revenues and
net income. We compete for loans by offering competitive interest rates and
product types and by seeking to provide a higher level of personal service to
mortgage brokers and borrowers than is furnished by our competitors. However,
we do not have a significant market share of the lending markets in which we
conduct operations.
Sterling Trust faces considerable competition in all of the services and
products that it offers, mainly from other self-directed trust companies and
broker-dealers. Sterling Trust also faces competition from other trust
companies and trust divisions of financial institutions. Sterling Trust's niche
has been, and will continue to be, providing high quality customer service and
servicing nonstandard retirement products. In an effort to increase market
share, Sterling Trust will endeavor to provide superior service, expand its
marketing efforts, provide competitive pricing and continue to diversify its
product mix.
United Capital Markets competes with in-house interest rate risk management
departments and Wall Street derivative products. United Capital Markets
believes that customers distinguish among market participants based on name
recognition, price and customer service and satisfaction. United Capital
Markets competes by offering a unique hedging product that tends to cost less
than the products offered by its competitors.
United Special Services competes against other companies that specialize in
providing real estate management and disposition services on foreclosed
property. Additionally, clients or potential clients that opt to perform these
services in-house diminish United Special Services' market.
ABS competes with other outsourcing companies, as well as schools that prefer
to perform the services offered by ABS in-house.
Employees
At December 31, 1999, we and our subsidiaries had 600 employees. We believe
that our relations with our employees are good. Neither we nor any of our
subsidiaries is a party to any collective bargaining agreement.
Regulation and Supervision
Set forth below is a brief description of various laws and regulations
affecting our operations. The description of laws and regulations contained in
this document does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety
by reference to applicable laws and regulations.
Any change in applicable laws, regulations or regulatory policies may have a
material effect on our business, operations and prospects.
16
Matrix Bancorp. We are a unitary savings and loan holding company within the
meaning of the Home Owners' Loan Act of 1933. As such, we have registered with
the Office of Thrift Supervision and are subject to Office of Thrift Supervision
regulation, examination, supervision and reporting requirements. In addition,
the Office Thrift Supervision has enforcement authority over us and our savings
association and non-savings association subsidiaries. Among other things, this
authority permits the Office of Thrift Supervision to restrict or prohibit
activities that are determined to be a serious risk to the financial safety,
soundness or stability of our subsidiary savings institution, Matrix Bank. In
addition, Matrix Bank must notify the Office of Thrift Supervision at least 30
days before making any capital distribution to us.
As a unitary savings and loan holding company, we generally are not
restricted under existing laws as to the types of business activities in which
we may engage, provided that Matrix Bank continues to be a "qualified thrift
lender" under the Home Owners' Loan Act. To maintain its status as a qualified
thrift lender, Matrix Bank must invest a minimum percentage of its assets in
qualified thrift unless the Office of Thrift Supervision grants an exception to
this requirement. In general, qualified thrift investments include certain
types of residential mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities. Upon any
nonsupervisory acquisition by us of another savings association or of a savings
bank or a cooperative bank that is an insured bank that meets the qualified
thrift lender test and is deemed to be a savings association by the Office of
Thrift Supervision, we would become a multiple savings and loan holding company
if the acquired institution is held as a separate subsidiary. Multiple savings
and loan holding companies are subject to extensive limitations on the types of
business activities in which they may engage. The Home Owners' Loan Act limits
the activities of a multiple savings and loan holding company and its uninsured
institution subsidiaries primarily to activities permissible for bank holding
companies under Section 4(c)(8) of the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, subject
to the prior approval of the Office of Thrift Supervision, and activities
authorized by Office of Thrift Supervision regulation. In addition, if Matrix
Bank fails to maintain its status as a qualified thrift lender, the Home Owners'
Loan Act would limit the types of business activities in which we may engage to
those permissible for a multiple savings and loan holding company, and, except
in limited circumstances, it would impose significant limitations on the types
of activities in which Matrix Bank would be permitted to engage, on the ability
of Matrix Bank to establish additional branch offices and on the types of
investments that Matrix Bank would be permitted to make and retain.
Federal law imposes limitations on who may control us. Specifically, the
Change in Bank Control Act prohibits a person or group of persons from acquiring
control of a savings association directly, or indirectly by acquiring control of
a savings and loan holding company, unless the Office of Thrift Supervision has
been given 60 days prior written notice of the proposed acquisition and within
that time the Office of Thrift Supervision has not issued a notice disapproving
the proposed acquisition or extending for up to another 30 days the period
during which the Office of Thrift Supervision may issue such a disapproval. The
Office of Thrift Supervision may further extend the disapproval period under
certain circumstances. A proposed acquisition may be made prior to the
expiration of the disapproval period if the Office of Thrift Supervision issues
written notice of its intent not to disapprove the action.
Notwithstanding the above, except in certain limited circumstances, the Home
Owners' Loan Act also requires that any "company" obtain the prior approval of
the Office of Thrift Supervision prior to acquiring control of a savings
association directly or indirectly by acquiring control of a savings and loan
holding company. In considering whether to approve such an acquisition, the
Office of Thrift Supervision must consider a number of factors, including: the
financial and managerial resources and future prospects of the acquirer and the
savings association involved, the effect of the acquisition on the savings
association, the insurance risk to the deposit insurance funds of the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation and the convenience and needs of the community to
be served. The Office of Thrift Supervision may not approve a proposed
acquisition which would result in a monopoly, or which would be in furtherance
of any combination or conspiracy to monopolize or attempt to monopolize the
savings and loan business in any part of the United States. The Office of
Thrift Supervision also may not approve any proposed acquisition the effect of
which in any part of the United States may be substantially to lessen
competition, or tend to create a monopoly, or which in any other manner would be
in restraint of trade, unless the Office of Thrift Supervision finds that the
anticompetitive effects of the proposed acquisition are clearly outweighed in
the public interest by the probable effect of the acquisition in meeting the
convenience and needs of the community to be served.
Among other circumstances, under a conclusive presumption established by the
Office of Thrift Supervision regulations, an acquirer will be deemed to have
acquired control of a savings and loan holding company if the acquirer, directly
or indirectly, through one or more subsidiaries or transaction, or acting in
concert with one or more persons or companies, acquires control of more than 25
percent of any class of voting stock of the savings and loan holding company or
controls in any manner the election of a majority of the board of directors of
the savings and loan holding company. The Office of Thrift Supervision
regulations also establish other presumptions of control with respect to
acquisitions of interest in savings and loan holding companies.
17
Recently Enacted Legislation. On November 12, 1999, President clinton signed
into law the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (otherwise known as the "Financial
Services Modernization Act"). The Financial Services Modernization Act
eliminates many federal and state law barriers to affiliations among banks,
securities firms, insurance companies and other financial service providers.
The new law revises and expands the Bank Holding Company Act framework to permit
a holding company structure to engage in a full range of financial activities
through a new entity known as a "Financial Holding Company." "Financial
activities" is broadly defined to include not only banking, insurance and
securities activities, but also merchant banking and additional activities that
the Federal Reserve Board, in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury,
determined to be financila in nature, incidental to such financial activities,
or complementary activities that do not pose a substantialrisk to the safety and
soundness of depository institutions or the financial system generally.
The Financial Services Modernization Act prohibits unitary savings and loan
holding companies formed after May 4, 1999 from engaging in nonfinancial
activities, and also prohibits purchase of unitary thrift holding companies by
commercial firms. The Financial Services Modernization Act grandfathers any
company that was a unitary savings and loan holding company on May 4, 1999 (or
has or will become a unitary savings andloan holding company pursuant to an
application pending on that date). Such a company may continue to operate under
present law as long as the company continues to control only one savings
institution, excluding supervisory acquisitions, and each controlled institution
must meet the qualified thrift lender test. It further requires that a
granfathered unitary savings and loan holding compnay must continue to control
at least one savings association, or a successor institution, that it controlled
on May 4, 1999.
We are a grandfathered unitary savings and loan holding company. We do not
believe that the Financial Services Modernization Act will have a material
adverse effect on our operationsin the near-term. However, to the extent that
the act permits banks, securities firms and insurance companies to affiliate,
the financial services industry may experience further consolidation. The
Financial Services Modernization Act could result in an increasing amount of
competition from larger institutions and other types of companies offering
financial products, many of which may have substantially more financial
resources. In addition, the Financial Services Modernization Act may have an
anti-takeover effect because it may tend to limit our attractiveness as an
acquisition candidate to other savings and loan holding companies and Finacial
Holding Companies.
Certain provisions of the new legislation were effective immediately upon
signing; other provisions generally take effect between 120 days and 18 months
following enactment.
Federal Savings Bank Operations. Matrix Bank is subject to extensive
regulation, examination and supervision by the Office of Thrift Supervision, as
its chartering authority and primary regulator, and potentially by the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation, which insures its deposits up to applicable
limits. Such regulation and supervision:
. establishes a comprehensive framework of activities in which Matrix Bank
can engage;
. limits the types and amounts of investments permissible for Matrix Bank;
. limits the ability of Matrix Bank to extend credit to any given borrower;
. imposes specified liquidity requirements;
. significantly limits the transactions in which Matrix Bank may engage with
its affiliates;
. requires Matrix Bank to meet a qualified thrift lender test that imposes a
level of portfolio assets in which Matrix Bank must invest in qualified
thrift investments, which include primarily residential mortgage loans and
related investments;
. places limitations on capital distributions by savings associations such
as Matrix Bank, including cash dividends;
. imposes assessments to the Office of Thrift Supervision to fund its
operations;
. establishes a continuing and affirmative obligation, consistent with
Matrix Bank's safe and sound operation, to help meet the credit needs of
its community, including low and moderate income neighborhoods;
. requires Matrix Bank to maintain certain noninterest-bearing reserves
against its transaction accounts;
. establishes various capital categories resulting in various levels of
regulatory scrutiny applied to the institutions in a particular category;
and
. establishes standards for safety and soundness.
18
Matrix Bank must submit annual audit reports prepared by independent auditors
to federal and state regulators. Auditors must receive examination reports,
supervisory agreements and reports of enforcement actions. In addition, an
attestation by the auditor regarding the statements of management relating to
the internal controls must be submitted to the Office of Thrift Supervision.
The audit committees of such institutions must include members with experience
in banking or financial management, must have access to outside counsel and must
not include representatives of large customers. The regulatory structure is
designed primarily for the protection of the insurance fund and depositors. The
regulatory structure also gives the regulatory authorities extensive discretion
in connection with their supervisory and enforcement activities. Any change in
these regulations, whether by the Office of Thrift Supervision, the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation or Congress, could have a material impact on
Matrix Bank and its operations.
Transactions with Affiliates. Under current federal law, Sections 23A and
23B of the Federal Reserve Act govern transactions between depository
institutions and their affiliates. These provisions are made applicable to
savings associations such as Matrix Bank by the Home Owners' Loan Act. In a
holding company context, in general, the parent holding company of a savings
association and any companies that are controlled by the parent holding company
are affiliates of the savings association. In addition, any companies that are
sponsored and advised on a controlled basis by a savings association or its
affiliates and any investment companies to which a savings association or its
affiliates act as investment advisors are deemed to be affiliates. Section 23A
limits the extent to which the savings association or its subsidiaries may
engage in certain transactions with its affiliates. These transactions include,
among other things, the making of loans or other extensions of credit to an
affiliate and the purchase of assets from an affiliate. Generally, these
transactions between the savings association and any one affiliate cannot exceed
10% of the savings association's capital stock and surplus, and these
transactions between the savings institution and all of its affiliates cannot,
in the aggregate, exceed 20% of the savings institution's capital stock and
surplus. Section 23A also establishes specific collateral requirements for
loans or extensions of credit to an affiliate, and for guarantees or acceptances
on letters of credit issued on behalf of an affiliate. Section 23B requires
that transactions covered by Section 23A and a broad list of other specified
transactions be on terms and under circumstances substantially the same, or no
less favorable to the savings association or its subsidiary, as similar
transactions with non-affiliates. In addition to the restrictions on
transactions with affiliates that Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve
Act impose on depository institutions, the regulations of the Office of Thrift
Supervision also generally prohibit a savings association from purchasing or
investing in securities issued by an affiliate. Matrix Bank engages in
transactions with its affiliates, which are structured with the intent of
complying with these regulations.
Insurance of Accounts and Regulation by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation. Matrix Bank is a member of the Savings Association Insurance
Fund, which is administered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The
deposits of Matrix Bank are insured up to $100,000 per depositor by the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation. This insurance is backed by the full faith and
credit of the United States. As insurer, the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation imposes deposit insurance assessments and is authorized to conduct
examinations of and to require reporting by institutions insured by the Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation. It also may prohibit any Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation-insured institution from engaging in any activity the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation determines by regulation or order to pose
a serious risk to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation also may initiate enforcement actions against
savings associations and may terminate the deposit insurance if it determines
that the institution has engaged or is engaging in unsafe or unsound practices,
or is in an unsafe or unsound condition.
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 required
the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to implement a risk-based deposit
insurance assessment system. Pursuant to this requirement, the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation has adopted a risk-based assessment system under which all
depository associations insured by the Savings Association Insurance Fund are
placed into one of nine categories and assessed based upon their level of
capital and supervisory evaluation. Under this system, associations classified
as well capitalized and considered healthy pay the lowest assessment, which is
currently 0 basis points (or, hundredths of one percent), while associations
that are less than adequately capitalized and considered of substantial
supervisory concern pay the highest assessment, which is currently 27 basis
points. Matrix Bank currently qualifies for the lowest assessment rate. In
addition, under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act, the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation may impose special assessments on Savings
Association Insurance Fund members to repay amounts borrowed from the United
States Treasury or for any other reason deemed necessary by the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation may increase
assessment rates, on a semiannual basis, if it determines that the reserve ratio
of the Savings Association Insurance Fund will be less than the designated
reserve ratio of 1.25% of deposits insured by the Savings Association Insurance
Fund. In setting these increased assessments, the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation must seek to restore the reserve ratio to that designated reserve
level, or such higher reserve ratio as established by the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation.
19
On September 30, 1996, the President signed legislation that provides for
Bank Insurance Fund members to service a growing portion of the bond payments
issued by the Financing Corporation. The Financing Corporation is a government
agency-sponsored entity that was formed to borrow the money necessary to carry
out the closing and ultimate disposition of failed thrift institutions by the
Resolution Trust Corporation. Under the legislation, effective January 1, 2000
the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation established 2.12 basis points as the
annualized rate for servicing the Financing Corporation bonds under both the
Bank Insurance Fund and Savings Association Insurance. Accordingly, Matrix
Bank's portion of the payment on the Financing Corporation bonds is .0212% of
the deposits. Following that effective date, the legislation also provided for
subsequent full pro rata sharing of Financing Corporation bond payments by the
Bank Insurance Fund and the Savings Association Insurance Fund institutions.
The financing corporations created by the Financial Institutions Reform,
Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989 and the Competitive Equality Banking Act of
1987 are also empowered to assess premiums on savings associations to help fund
the liquidation or sale of troubled associations. Such premiums cannot,
however, exceed the amount of Savings Association Insurance Fund assessments and
are paid in lieu thereof.
Brokered Deposits. Under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
regulations governing brokered deposits, well capitalized associations, such as
Matrix Bank, are not subject to brokered deposit limitations, while adequately
capitalized associations are subject to certain brokered deposit limitations and
undercapitalized associations may not accept brokered deposits. Although Matrix
Bank historically had not accepted brokered deposits, it began to do so in
February 1998 to fund the desired growth of Matrix Bank. At December 31, 1999,
Matrix Bank had $221.5 million of brokered deposits. In the event Matrix Bank
is not permitted to accept brokered deposits in the future, it would have to
find replacement sources of funding. It is possible that such alternatives, if
available, would result in a higher cost of funds.
Matrix Bank's Capital Ratios. Federal law requires, among other things, that
federal bank regulatory authorities take "prompt corrective action" with respect
to savings institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements. For
these purposes, the law establishes five categories: well capitalized,
adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized and
critically undercapitalized.
The Office of Thrift Supervision has adopted regulations to implement the
prompt corrective action legislation. An institution is deemed to be:
. "well capitalized" if it has a total risk-based capital ratio of 10% or
greater and a leverage ratio of 5% or greater;
. "adequately capitalized" if it has a total risk-based capital ratio of 8%
or greater, a Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 4% or greater and
generally a leverage ratio of 4% or greater;
. "undercapitalized" if it has a total risk-based capital ratio of less than
8%, a Tier I risk-based capital ratio of less than 4%, or generally a
leverage ratio of less than 4%;
. "significantly undercapitalized" if it has a total risk-based capital
ratio of less than 6%, a Tier I risk-based capital ratio of less than 3%,
or a leverage ratio of less than 3%; and
. "critically undercapitalized" if it has a ratio of tangible equity (as
defined in the regulations) to total assets that is equal to or less than
2%.
As of December 31, 1999, Matrix Bank was a "well capitalized" institution.
"Undercapitalized" institutions must adhere to growth, capital distribution
and dividend and other limitations and are required to submit a capital
restoration plan with the Office of Thrift Supervision within 45 days after an
association receives notice of such undercapitalization. A savings
institution's compliance with its capital restoration plan is required to be
guaranteed by any company that controls the "undercapitalized" institution in an
amount equal to the lesser of 5% of total assets when deemed "undercapitalized"
or the amount necessary to achieve the status of "adequately capitalized." If
an "undercapitalized" savings institution fails to submit an acceptable plan, it
is treated as if it is "significantly undercapitalized." "Significantly
undercapitalized" institutions must comply with one or more of a number of
additional restrictions, including an order by the Office of Thrift Supervision
to sell sufficient voting stock to become "adequately capitalized," requirements
to reduce total assets and cease receipt of deposits from correspondent banks or
dismiss directors or officers, and restriction on interest rates paid on
deposits, compensation of executive officers and capital distributions by the
parent holding company. "Critically undercapitalized" institutions must comply
with additional sanctions, including, subject to a narrow exception, the
appointment of a receiver or conservator within 270 days after it obtains this
status.
20
The following table indicates Matrix Bank's regulatory capital ratios at
December 31, 1999:
As of
December 31, 1999
--------------------------------------
Core Risk-Based
Capital Capital
------------ ------------
(Dollars in thousands)
Shareholder's equity/GAAP capital............................................. $ 65,987 $ 65,987
Additional capital items:
General valuation allowances................................................ -- 4,249
------------ ------------
Regulatory capital as reported to the Office of Thrift Supervision............ 65,987 70,236
Minimum capital requirement as reported to the Office of Thrift Supervision... 45,548 53,397
------------ ------------
Regulatory capital--excess.................................................... $ 20,439 $ 16,839
============ ============
Capital ratios................................................................ 5.80% 10.52%
Well capitalized requirement.................................................. 5.00% 10.00%
Federal Home Loan Bank System. Matrix Bank is a member of the Federal Home
Loan Bank system, which consists of 12 regional Federal Home Loan Banks. The
Federal Home Loan Bank provides a central credit facility primarily for member
associations and administers the home financing credit function of savings
associations. The Federal Home Loan Bank advances must be secured by specified
types of collateral and may only be obtained for the purpose of providing funds
for residential housing finance. The Federal Home Loan Bank funds its
operations primarily from proceeds derived from the sale of consolidated
obligations of the Federal Home Loan Bank system. Matrix Bank, as a member of
the Federal Home Loan Bank system, must acquire and hold shares of capital stock
in its regional Federal Home Loan Bank in an amount equal to the greater of 1%
of the aggregate principal amount of its unpaid residential mortgage loans and
similar obligations at the beginning of each year, 0.3% of total assets, or 5%
of its advances (borrowings) from the Federal Home Loan Bank. Matrix Bank was
in compliance with this requirement with an investment in Federal Home Loan Bank
stock at December 31, 1999 of $22.4 million.
Federal Reserve System. The Federal Reserve Board regulations require
depository institutions to maintain noninterest-earning reserves against their
transaction accounts (primarily NOW and regular checking accounts). The Federal
Reserve Board regulations generally require that reserves be maintained against
aggregate transaction accounts as follows:
. for that portion of transaction accounts aggregating $44.3 million or less,
which may be adjusted by the Federal Reserve Board, the reserve requirement
is 3%; and
. for accounts greater than $44.3 million, the reserve requirement is $1.329
million plus 10% of amounts over $44.3 million, which may be adjusted by
the Federal Reserve Board between 8% and 14%, against that portion of total
transaction accounts in excess of $44.3 million.
At December 31, 1999, Matrix Bank had $3.7 million of reserves with the
Federal Reserve System and was in compliance with the Federal Reserve Board's
reserve requirements.
Mortgage Banking Operations. The rules and regulations applicable to our
mortgage banking operations establish underwriting guidelines that, among other
things, include anti-discrimination provisions, require provisions for
inspections, appraisals and credit reports on prospective borrowers and fix
maximum loan amounts. Moreover, we are required annually to submit audited
financial statements to the Department of Housing and Urban Development, Fannie
Mae, Freddie Mac and the Government National Mortgage Association, and each
regulatory entity maintains its own financial guidelines for determining net
worth and eligibility requirements. Our operations are also subject to
examination by the Department of Housing and Urban Development, Fannie Mae,
Freddie Mac and the Government National Mortgage Association at any time to
assure compliance with the applicable regulations, policies and procedures.
Mortgage loan origination activities are subject to, among other laws, the Equal
Credit Opportunity Act, the Federal Truth-in-Lending Act and the Real Estate
Settlement Procedures Act of 1974, and the regulations promulgated under these
laws that prohibit discrimination and require the disclosure of certain basic
information to mortgagors concerning credit terms and settlement costs.
Additionally, there are various state and local laws and regulations
affecting our operations. We are licensed in those states in which we do
business requiring such a license where the failure to be licensed would have a
material adverse effect on us, our business, or our assets. Mortgage
origination operations also may be subject to state usury statutes.
21
Regulation of Sterling Trust Company. Sterling Trust provides custodial
services and directed, non-discretionary trustee services. Sterling Trust was
chartered under the laws of the State of Texas, and as a Texas trust company is
subject to supervision, regulation and examination by the Texas Department of
Banking. Under applicable law, a Texas trust company, such as Sterling Trust, is
subject to virtually all provisions of the Texas Finance Code as if the trust
company were a state chartered bank. The activities of a Texas trust company
are limited by applicable law generally to acting as a trustee, executor,
administrator, guardian or agent for the performance of any lawful act, and to
lend and accumulate money when authorized under applicable law. In addition, a
Texas trust company with capital of $1 million or more, such as Sterling Trust,
has the power to:
. purchase, sell, discount and negotiate notes, drafts, checks and other
evidences of indebtedness;
. purchase and sell securities;
. issue subordinated debentures and capital notes with the written consent
of the Texas Banking Commissioner; and
. exercise powers incidental to the enumerated powers described in the Texas
Finance Code.
A Texas trust company, such as Sterling Trust, is generally prohibited from
accepting demand or time deposits if not insured by the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation.
Limitation on Capital Distributions. The Texas Finance Code prohibits a
Texas trust company from reducing its outstanding capital and restricted surplus
through redemption or other capital distribution without the prior written
approval of the Texas Banking Commissioner. The Texas Finance Code does not
prohibit the declaration and payment of pro rata share dividends consistent with
the Texas Business Corporation Act.
Investments. A Texas trust company is generally obligated to maintain an
amount equal to 40% of its capital and surplus in investments that are readily
marketable and that can be converted into cash within four business days. So
long as it complies with those requirements, a Texas trust company generally is
permitted to invest its corporate assets in any investment permitted by law.
However, unless otherwise permitted by the Texas Finance Code, a Texas trust
company cannot invest an amount in excess of 15% of its capital and certified
surplus in the securities of a single issuer without the prior written consent
of the Texas Banking Commissioner.
Branching. The Texas Finance Code permits a Texas trust company to establish
and maintain branch offices at any location within the state if it first obtains
written approval of the Texas Banking Commissioner.
Transactions with Related Parties. The Texas Finance Code prohibits the sale
or lease of an asset of a Texas trust company, or the purchase or lease of an
asset by a Texas trust company, where the transaction involves an officer,
director, principal shareholder or affiliate, unless the transaction is approved
by a disinterested majority of the board of directors or the written approval of
the Texas Banking Commissioner is first obtained.
Enforcement. Under applicable provisions of the Texas Finance Code, the
Texas Banking Commissioner has the power to issue enforcement actions against a
Texas trust company or any officer, employee or director of a Texas trust
company. In addition, in certain circumstances, the Texas Banking Commissioner
may remove a present or former officer, director or employee of a Texas trust
company from office or employment, and may prohibit a shareholder or other
persons participating in the affairs of a Texas trust company from such
participation. The Texas Banking Commissioner has the authority to assess civil
penalties of up to $500 per day for violations of a cease and desist, removal or
prohibition order.
Capital Requirements. Applicable law generally requires a Texas trust
company to have and maintain minimum restricted capital of at least $1 million.
The Texas Banking Commissioner may require additional capital of a Texas trust
company if the Texas Banking Commissioner determines it necessary to protect the
safety and soundness of such company. Sterling Trust is in compliance with all
capital requirements under Texas law.
Recent Legislative Session. The Texas legislature recently amended the Texas
Trust Company Act and, as a result, the Texas Finance Code now contains
revisions to alter or expand trust company powers. For example, legislation
currently allows sales of a trust deparmtent from one institution to another and
fiduciary substitution of the new institution by operation of law, with a
significant reduction in the amount of administrative time and legal fees in
avoiding judicial appointment. The Texas Finance Code has also been amended to
provide that a Texas trust company may convert to a Texas banking association,
subject to determination by the Texas Banking Commissioner that the company
would qualify for a new state bank charter.
22
The foregoing is an attempt to summarize some of the relevant laws, rules and
regulations governing unitary savings and loan holding companies and savings
institutions but does not purport to be a complete summary of all applicable
laws, rules and regulations governing such financial institutions.
Item 2. Properties
----------
We believe that all of our present facilities are adequate for our current
needs and that additional space is available for future expansion on acceptable
terms. The following table sets forth certain information concerning the real
estate that we own or lease:
Monthly Rent or
Location Square Feet Owned/Leased Occupant Mortgage Payment
- ------------------- -------------- -------------------------------- ----------------------- ----------------
Denver, CO......... 14,987 Leased through December 31, 2002 Company, United $16,280
Financial, United
Capital Markets, Matrix
Bank and First Matrix
Denver, CO......... 8,100 Leased through June 30, 2001 United Special Services $ 8,746
Bridgewater, NJ.... 233 Leased through May 31, 2000 United Special Services $ 1,700
Phoenix, AZ (1).... 30,000 Owned Matrix Financial $ 7,814
Phoenix, AZ........ 4,040 Leased through June 14, 2002 Matrix Financial $ 6,817
Atlanta, GA........ 4,129 Leased through August 31, 2003 Matrix Financial $ 6,558
Chicago, IL........ 294 Leased through August 31, 2000 Matrix Financial $ 1,355
Denver, CO......... 9,549 Leased through June 30, 2002 Matrix Financial $11,576
Las Cruces, NM..... 30,000(2) Owned Matrix Bank N/A
Las Cruces, NM..... 1,800 Owned Matrix Bank N/A
Sun City, AZ....... 3,000 Owned Matrix Bank N/A
Evergreen, CO...... 1,855 Leased through December 31, 2002 Matrix Bank $ 4,085
Waco, TX........... 11,300 Leased through June 30, 2001(3) Sterling Trust $13,553
Waco, TX........... 928 Leased through June 30, 2000(4) Sterling Trust $ 1,021
Arlington, TX...... 1,446 Leased through April 30, 2000 (4) First Matrix $ 1,752
St. Louis, MO...... 1,550 Leased through October 31, 2000 United Capital Markets $ 2,325
Cottonwood, AZ..... 2,400 Owned ABS N/A
Cottonwood, AZ..... 600 Leased month to month ABS $ 365
Tempe, AZ.......... 1,800 Leased month to month ABS $ 2,250
Peoria, AZ......... 3,319 Leased through June 6, 2002 ABS $ 5,048
Tuscon, AZ......... 1,879 Leased through September 30, 2002 ABS $ 2,200
Snowflake, AZ...... 1,200 Leased month to month ABS $ 360
________________
(1) The Phoenix, Arizona building is subject to third-party mortgage
indebtedness. See note 8 to the consolidated financial statements.
(2) Of this 30,000 square feet, approximately 17,800 square feet serve as the
headquarters for Matrix Bank. Substantially all of the remaining space is
rented to unaffiliated third parties at market prices.
(3) The lease agreement provides for renewal options and allocation of certain
expenses the lessee would reimburse over a specified amount during the life
of the lease. Three officers of Sterling Trust and an officer of First
Matrix own, in the aggregate, approximately 33% of the equity interest in
the lessor.
(4) Management anticipates renewal of this lease at its expiration.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
-----------------
United Financial is a defendant is a lawsuit entitled Douglas County Bank &
Trust Co. v. United Financial, Inc. that was commenced on or about May 23, 1997
in the United States District Court for the District of Nebraska. In this
lawsuit, the plaintiff-buyer sought damages of approximately $3 million,
alleging that United Financial, as broker for the seller, made false
representations regarding the Government National Mortgage Association
certification of certain mortgage pools, the servicing rights of which were
offered for sale in a written offering. The plaintiff further alleged that it
relied on United Financial's representations in purchasing the servicing rights
from the seller. Trial was conducted in Omaha, Nebraska during the week of July
12, 1998. The jury returned a verdict in favor of United Financial on four
counts and in favor of the plaintiff on one count, and awarded the plaintiff
$75,000. On July 31, 1998, the plaintiff filed a motion requesting that the
court render a verdict in place of the jury's verdict, or alternatively, that
the court order a new trial. On November 6, 1998, the court denied the
plaintiff's motion. The plaintiff appealed the court's ruling and on March 22,
2000, the appeals court affirmed the trial courts decision. Plaintiff has
approximately 14 days to ask for a re-hearing by the appeals court. No
assurances can be given that an adverse judgment of a material amount will not
ultimately be rendered or that any such judgment would not have a material
adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or
cash flows.
23
Matrix Bank has been named defendant in a lawsuit entitled Transamerica
Mortgage Company v. Matrix Capital Bank that was commenced on or about February
7, 1999 in the District Court of the J-191st Judicial District, Dallas County,
Texas. The plaintiff has alleged that Matrix Bank breached a representation and
warranty given to the plaintiff by Matrix Bank under a purchase agreement by
which Matrix Bank sold certain mortgage loans to the plaintiff. The action
relates to approximately $700,000 in principal amount of mortgage loans, and the
plaintiff has requested that Matrix Bank be required to repurchase the loans
and/or pay an unspecified amount of money damages. Matrix Bank believes that it
has defenses to this lawsuit. However, no assurances can be given that an
adverse judgment will not ultimately be rendered or that any adverse judgment
would not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial
condition, results of operations or cash flows.
On September 24, 1999, Matrix Bank commenced a lawsuit entitled Matrix
Capital Bank and Superior Federal Bank, F.S.B. v. Harbor Financial Mortgage
Corporation and Guaranty Federal Bank, F.S.B. in the United States District
Court for the Northern District of Texas. On October 14, 1999, Harbor Financial
Mortgage Corporation and several affiliated entities (collectively referred to
as "Harbor" elsewhere in this document) each filed voluntary petitions under
Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, which resulted in this lawsuit being moved to
the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of Texas. The
Harbor Bankruptcy proceedings were subsequently converted to Chapter 7, and a
permanent Chapter 7 Trustee has been appointed. Guaranty Federal Bank, F.S.B.
is the administrative agent for a consortium of lenders to Harbor under Harbor's
warehouse facility that was entered into between the lenders and Harbor in late
May of 1999. The lawsuit primarily seeks a declaration from the court of the
rights of the parties in and to certain Department of Housing and Urban
Development insurance/guaranty proceeds relating to several pools of Federal
Housing Administration/Veteran's Administration mortgage loans (approximately
$120 million in principal amount as of December 31, 1999) acquired from Harbor
by Matrix Bank prior to the date of the new warehouse facility. In its answer
and counterclaim, Guaranty alleges prior rights in and to such Department of
Housing and Urban Development insurance/guaranty proceeds and has claimed that
Matrix Bank has converted such proceeds. Matrix Bank believes it has defenses
to the counterclaim of Guaranty and that it will be able to establish to the
satisfaction of the court that it is entitled to such Department of Housing and
Urban Development insurance/guaranty proceeds. Nevertheless, there can be no
assurance that the court will rule in favor of Matrix Bank or that the result of
such lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated
financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Matrix Bank's acquisitions of nonperforming Federal Housing
Administration/Veteran's Administration loans from Harbor, mentioned in
discussion of above lawsuit, were completed servicing retained with a
scheduled/actual remittance. Matrix Bank also entered into several other
transactions with Harbor over the last two years, including: the purchase of
performing residential mortgage loans, including sub-prime loans, on a servicing
retained basis and a scheduled/scheduled remittance with full recourse; the
acquisition of mortgage servicing rights; and the purchase of receivables
related to servicing sales by Harbor to third parties.
In July 1999, Matrix Bank's monthly remittance related to the above
transactions was shorted approximately $5.9 million. As a result, Matrix Bank
purchased loans from Harbor in lieu of the payment of the remittance shortfall.
Based on management's estimates, Matrix Bank will collect sufficient value from
the purchased loans to cover the remittance shortfall. As previously mentioned,
on October 14, 1999, within 90 days of the July transaction, Harbor filed
bankruptcy. Due to the timing of the bankruptcy, the Chapter 7 trustee may
attempt to challenge the July loan purchase under his avoidance powers pursuant
to applicable bankruptcy laws. If challenged, Matrix Bank believes that it has
defenses to the avoidance claims, but no assurance can be given as to the
ultimate resolution of any such claims or the impact of such resolution on our
consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In addition, as of December 31, 1999, Matrix Bank had purchased
approximately $2 million in servicing receivables from Harbor. Approximately $1
million of the servicing receivables should have been remitted to Matrix Bank by
Bank United on or about September 10, 1999. Bank United acknowledged that the
funds were due, but decided to hold the funds for an undetermined period without
giving a specific reason for doing so. As a result, Matrix Bank brought suit
against Bank United for the funds in Texas state court. As a result of the
Harbor bankruptcy proceedings, the lawsuit has been removed to the United States
Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of Texas. Matrix Bank is also
pursuing funds owed by Chase Mortgage for the servicing receivables as well,
however, Matrix Bank has not filed suit against Chase Mortgage for such funds.
Matrix Bank believes it is entitled to collect these receivables from Chase
Mortgage and Bank United; however, no assurance can be given that these
receivables will in fact be collected.
Sterling Trust has been named as a defendant in a lawsuit entitled Roderick
Adderley, et al. v. Advanced Financial Services, Inc., et al. in the District
Court for the 263rd Judicial District, Tarrant County, Texas. In this matter,
Sterling Trust served as custodian for the self-directed IRAs of thirty-five of
sixty-nine plaintiffs. The plaintiffs claim to have lost a total of
approximately $12 million as a result of the various defendants' activity,
including the broker and brokerage firm which allegedly recommended to the
plaintiffs how to invest their IRA funds. We believe that Sterling Trust
processed each customer's investment directions accurately and appropriately
disclosed to each plaintiff who was a Sterling Trust customer that Sterling
Trust, acting in its capacity as custodian of a self-directed IRA, has no
responsibility for a customer's investment decision. The broker in question is
deceased, his estate apparently worthless and the brokerage firm is in
receivership. We
24
believe that we have adequate defenses to this matter and intend to defend
ourselves vigorously, but there can be no assurances that we will prevail, or
that any adverse judgment will not have a material adverse effect on our
consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. The trial
for this matter began on February 29, 2000.
Matrix Bank has been named defendant in an adversary proceeding entitled
Dennis J. Murphy, Trustee, v. Matrix Capital Bank in the United States
Bankruptcy Court for the Central District of California, which arises out of
bankruptcy proceedings related to In re First Lenders Indemnity Corporation.
First Lenders Indemnity Corporation is the debtor in the bankruptcy proceedings
and, when in business, we believe, was affiliated with Boston Acceptance
Corporation d/b/a First Lenders Indemnity Company. Matrix Bank, through its
subsidiary now known as MCNP-1 Corp., sold approximately $2 million of sub-prime
auto loans to Boston Acceptance Corporation d/b/a First Lenders Indemnity
Company several years ago. The trustee is alleging preference and/or
fraudulent transfer regarding the sale, because the money used to purchase such
auto loans allegedly may have come from the debtor. Matrix Bank believes that
it has defenses to this lawsuit and intends to defend itself vigorously.
However, no assurances can be given that an adverse judgment will not ultimately
be rendered or that any adverse judgment would not have a material adverse
effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash
flows.
We and our subsidiaries are parties to various other litigation matters, in
most cases involving ordinary and routine claims incidental to our business. Our
ultimate legal and financial responsibility if any, with respect to the
foregoing litigation cannot be estimated with certainty. We believe that we have
adequate defenses to these matters and intend to defend ourselves vigorously,
but there can be no assurances that we will prevail or that any adverse
judgement on these or the other matters referenced above will not have a
material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of
operations or cash flows.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
---------------------------------------------------
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth
quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 1999.
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Our common stock, $.0001 par value, is traded on the NASDAQ National Market
under the symbol "MTXC." The following table sets forth the high and low sales
prices for our common stock on the NASDAQ National Market for the periods
indicated.
Market Price
--------------------------
Quarter Ended: High Low
----------- -----------
December 31, 1999 .................. $ 15.125 $ 11.000
September 30, 1999.................. 16.063 11.250
June 30, 1999 ..................... 18.000 7.625
March 31, 1999 ................... 18.500 11.625
December 31, 1998 .................. 13.750 6.625
September 30, 1998 ................. 28.750 8.000
June 30, 1998 .................... 29.250 25.000
March 31, 1998...................... 28.625 13.500
On March 13, 2000, the closing price of our common stock was $9.25 per share.
Also, as of that date, the approximate number of holders of record of our common
stock was 55. This number does not include beneficial owners who hold their
shares in a depository trust in "street" name.
We have not paid any dividends on our equity for the last two fiscal years.
We expect that we will retain all available earnings generated by our operations
for the development and growth of our business and do not anticipate paying any
cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination as to
dividend policy will be made at the discretion of the Board of Directors of the
Company and will depend on a number of factors, including our future earnings,
capital requirements, financial condition and future prospects and such other
factors the Board of Directors may deem relevant. Our bank stock loan, which was
amended in June 1999, does not permit Matrix Bancorp to declare or pay any
dividends. We are also prohibited from paying dividends on our common stock if
the scheduled payments on our junior subordinated debentures and trust preferred
securities have not been made. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of
25
Operations--Liquidity and Capital Resources" and note 8 to the consolidated
financial statements included elsewhere in this document. In addition, the
ability of Matrix Financial, Sterling Trust and Matrix Bank to pay dividends to
Matrix Bancorp may be restricted in certain instances, including covenants under
Matrix Financial's existing warehouse facilities and certain other debt
covenants.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
-----------------------
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OPERATING INFORMATION
OF MATRIX BANCORP, INC.
The following selected consolidated financial data and operating information
of Matrix Bancorp, Inc. should be read in conjunction with the consolidated
financial statements and notes thereto and "Management's Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," each of which is included
elsewhere in this document. In February 1997, we completed our acquisition of
The Vintage Group in a transaction accounted for as a pooling of interests. As
a result of the pooling, our historical financial and other information has been
restated to include the financial and other information of The Vintage Group.
As of and for the
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997 1996 1995
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Statement of Income Data
Net interest income before provision
for loan and valuation losses.............. $ 29,463 $ 24,190 $ 13,888 $ 6,059 $ 3,592
Provision for loan and valuation losses..... 3,180 4,607 874 143 401
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net interest income after provision for
loan and valuation losses.................. 26,283 19,583 13,014 5,916 3,191
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Noninterest income:
Loan administration........................ 23,686 17,411 16,007 8,827 7,749
Brokerage.................................. 6,156 7,054 3,921 4,364 4,787
Trust services.......................... 4,840 4,169 3,561 3,061 2,869
Asset disposition services.............. 3,659 2,036 1,121 564 14
Gain on sale of loans and mortgage-backed
securities................................ 3,247 3,108 2,441 3,121 3,039
Gain on sale of mortgage servicing rights.. 363 803 3,365 3,232 1,164
Loan origination........................... 6,218 5,677 4,694 1,809 2,302
Other...................................... 12,191 6,487 2,919 1,609 1,730
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Total noninterest income.................. 60,360 46,745 38,029 26,587 23,654
Noninterest expense......................... 69,586 52,939 37,746 26,655 20,453
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Income before income taxes.................. 17,057 13,389 13,297 5,848 6,392
Income taxes................................ 6,278 4,876 5,159 2,278 2,469
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Net income.................................. $ 10,779 $ 8,513 $ 8,138 $ 3,570(1) $ 3,923
=========== =========== =========== =========== ===========
Net income per share assuming dilution(2)... $ 1.58 $ 1.24 $ 1.20 $ 0.68 0.83
Weighted average common shares assuming
dilution................................... 6,833,546 6,881,890 6,781,808 5,077,321 4,707,221
Cash dividends(3)........................... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 201 $ --
Balance Sheet Data
Total assets................................ $ 1,283,746 $ 1,012,155 $ 606,581 $ 274,559 $ 186,313
Total loans, net............................ 1,103,515 848,448 511,372 212,361 146,665
Mortgage servicing rights, net.............. 63,479 57,662 36,276 23,680 13,817
Deposits(4)(5).............................. 562,194 490,516 224,982 90,179 48,877
Custodial escrow balances................... 94,206 96,824 53,760 37,881 27,011
FHLB borrowings............................. 405,000 168,000 171,943 51,250 19,000
Borrowed money(6)........................... 142,101 178,789 89,909 42,431 65,093
Total shareholders' equity.................. 60,497 49,354 40,610 32,270 10,686
Operating Ratios and Other Selected Data
Return on average assets(7)................. 1.02% 1.02% 1.78% 1.69% 2.59%
Return on average equity(7)................. 19.79 18.92 22.71 24.30 47.62
Average equity to average assets(7)......... 5.16 5.41 7.86 6.97 5.44
Net interest margin(7)(8)................... 3.25 3.37 3.70 3.45 2.84
Operating efficiency ratio(9)............... 59.21 59.74 60.14 74.20 68.40
Total amount of loans purchased............. $ 701,952 $ 678,150 $ 493,693 $ 159,015 $ 91,774
Balance of owned servicing portfolio
(end of period)............................ 5,889,715 5,357,729 3,348,062 2,505,036 1,596,385
Trust assets under administration
(end of period)............................ 2,545,060 2,089,562 1,437,478 1,162,231 952,528
Wholesale loan origination volume........... 443,363 574,963 402,984 583,279 388,937
26
As of and for the
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997 1996 1995
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges(10)
Including interest on deposits.............. 1.38x 1.36x 1.71x 1.54x 1.86x
Excluding interest on deposits.............. 1.75x 1.64x 2.30x 1.84x 2.22x
Loan Performance Ratios and Data
Allowance for loan and valuation losses..... $ 6,354 $ 3,710 $ 1,756 $ 1,039 $ 943
Nonperforming loans and leases(11).......... 25,641 13,209 4,990 3,903 5,538
Nonperforming loans and leases/
total loans(11)............................ 2.31% 1.55% 0.97% 1.83% 3.75%
Nonperforming assets/total assets(11)....... 2.06 1.40 1.03 1.89 3.42
Net loan charge-offs/average loans(7)....... 0.06 0.38 0.04 0.03 0.15
Allowance for loan and valuation losses/
total loans............................. 0.57 0.44 0.34 0.49 0.64
Allowance for loan and valuation losses/
nonperforming loans...................... 24.78 28.09 35.19 26.62 17.03
__________
(1) In the first quarter of 1996, we incurred a secondary marketing loss that
was attributable to the failure of a former officer of Matrix Financial to
adhere to our established hedging policies, and as a result, certain closed
loans were not adequately hedged. The $1.9 million loss resulted when
interest rates increased dramatically in March 1996, thereby causing the
funded loans and pipeline commitments to decline in market value. Had our
policies been followed, a loss still would have been recognized, albeit
significantly smaller, since it is difficult for us to be completely hedged
when interest rates rapidly and significantly change. We have implemented
several management and reporting changes to help ensure that the hedging
policies established by Matrix Financial's board of directors are followed
to mitigate secondary losses in volatile interest rate markets.
(2) Net income per common share assuming dilution is based on the weighted
average number of common shares outstanding during each period and the
dilutive effect, if any, of stock options and warrants outstanding. There
are no other dilutive securities.
(3) Represents dividends paid by The Vintage Group prior to its
acquisition by us.
(4) Following our acquisition of The Vintage Group in February 1997, Sterling
Trust moved approximately $80.0 million of fiduciary deposits from a third
party institution to Matrix Bank.
(5) Beginning in February 1998, Matrix Bank began accepting brokered deposits.
At December 31, 1999, the total balance of brokered deposits was $221.5
million. At December 31, 1998, the total balance of brokered deposits
was $148.7 million.
(6) Included in borrowed money at December 31, 1999, is $27.5 million
pertaining to the guaranteed preferred beneficial interests in the Matrix
Bancorp's 10% junior subordinated debentures. See additional discussion
under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations-Liquidity and Capital Resources."
(7) Calculations are based on average daily balances where available and
monthly averages otherwise.
(8) Net interest margin has been calculated by dividing net interest income
before loan and valuation loss provision by average interest-earning
assets.
(9) The operating efficiency ratio has been calculated by dividing noninterest
expense, excluding amortization of mortgage servicing rights, by operating
income. Operating income is equal to net interest income before provision
for loan and valuation losses plus noninterest income.
(10) For purposes of calculating the ratio of earnings to fixed charges,
earnings consist of income before taxes plus interest and rent expense.
Fixed charges consist of interest and rent expense.
(11) See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations--Asset and Liability Management--Nonperforming
Assets" for a discussion of the impact of certain bulk purchases of
mortgage loan portfolios on the level of nonperforming loans and the effect
of repurchasing sub-prime automobile loans.
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
of Operations
-------------
You should read the following management's discussion and analysis of the
financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the preceding
"Selected Consolidated Financial and Operating Information." Additionally, our
consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, as well as other data
included in this document, should be read and analyzed in combination with the
analysis below.
General
Matrix Bancorp was formed in June 1993 when the founding shareholders of
Matrix Financial and United Financial, two of our subsidiaries, exchanged all of
their outstanding capital stock for shares of our stock in a series of
transactions that were each accounted for as a pooling of interests. In
September 1993, we acquired Dona Ana Savings and Loan Association, FSB, which
was subsequently renamed Matrix Capital Bank. The acquisition was accounted for
using the purchase method of accounting. We formed United Special Services in
June 1995 and United Capital Markets in December 1996. In February 1997, we
acquired The Vintage Group in a pooling of interests and, accordingly, no
goodwill was recorded and our consolidated financial statements for the prior
periods have been restated. Additionally, we acquired ABS in March 1999. The
acquisition was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting.
The principal components of our revenues consist of:
. net interest income recorded by Matrix Bank;
. loan administration fees generated by Matrix Bank and Matrix Financial;
27
. brokerage, consulting and disposition services fees realized by United
Financial, United Capital Markets and United Special Services,
respectively;
. loan origination fees and gains on sales of mortgage loans and mortgage
servicing rights generated by Matrix Bank and Matrix Financial;
. trust service fees generated by Sterling Trust; and,
. school service fees generated by ABS.
Our results of operations are influenced by changes in interest rates and the
effect of these changes on our interest spreads, the volume of loan
originations, mortgage loan prepayments and the value of mortgage servicing
portfolios.
Comparison of Results of Operations for Fiscal Years 1999 and 1998
Net Income; Return on Average Equity. Net income increased $2.3 million, or
26.6%, to $10.8 million for fiscal year 1999 as compared to $8.5 million for
fiscal year 1998. On a per share basis, net income was $1.58 per share for
fiscal year 1999 and $1.24 for fiscal year 1998. Return on average equity
increased to 19.8% for fiscal year 1999 as compared to 18.9% for fiscal year
1998. Excluding 1998 non-recurring charges, net income increased $869,000, or
8.8%, to $10.8 million for fiscal year 1999 as compared to $9.9 million for
fiscal year 1998. Non-recurring charges in 1998, on a pre-tax basis, consisted
of a $2.3 million loss recorded related to MCA Mortgage Corporation, as
discussed below. Excluding non-recurring charges, earnings per share and return
on average equity for fiscal year 1998 were $1.44 and 22.0%, respectively. See
further discussion regarding the MCA Mortgage loss under "--Comparison of
Results of Operations for Fiscal Years 1998 and 1997--Net Income; Return on
Average Equity."
Net Interest Income. Net interest income before provision for loan and
valuation losses increased $5.3 million, or 21.8%, to $29.5 million for fiscal
year 1999 as compared to $24.2 million for fiscal year 1998. The increase in
net interest income before provision for loan and valuation losses was due to a
26.7% increase in our average loans, which was offset by a decrease in our
average yield on loans to 8.25% in 1999 from 8.59% in 1998, primarily due to the
continuation of lower interest rates in the market during the first half of
1999, as well as our acquisition of fewer discounted loans. The decrease in the
average yield on loans was offset by a reduction in the cost of our interest-
bearing liabilities to 5.28% in 1999 from 5.50% in 1998, as we experienced
significant decreases in our costs for deposits and Federal Home Loan Bank
borrowings. Average interest-earning assets and average interest-bearing
liabilities both increased 26.3% in fiscal year 1999 as compared to the prior
year. Our net interest margin decreased to 3.25% for fiscal year 1999 as
compared to 3.37% for fiscal year 1998. For a tabular presentation of the
changes in net interest income due to changes in volume of interest-earning
assets and changes in interest rates, see "--Analysis of Changes in Net Interest
Income Due to Changes in Interest Rates and Volumes."
Provision for Loan and Valuation Losses. The provision for loan and valuation
losses decreased $1.4 million to $3.2 million for fiscal year 1999 as compared
to $4.6 million for fiscal year 1998. This decrease was primarily attributable
to the $2.2 million pre-tax provision recorded in 1998, related to MCA Mortgage,
but was offset by increases made to the provision due to the increase in the
balance of net loans receivable, which increased to $1.1 billion at December 31,
1999 as compared to $848.4 million at December 31, 1998 and our origination of
additional non-residential mortgage loans. For a discussion of the components of
the allowance for loan losses, see "--Asset and Liability Management--Analysis
of Allowance for Loan and Valuation Losses." For a discussion on the allowance
as it relates to nonperforming assets, see "--Asset and Liability Management--
Nonperforming Assets."
Loan Administration. Loan administration income represents service fees
earned from servicing loans for various investors, which are based on a
contractual percentage of the outstanding principal balance plus late fees and
other ancillary charges. Loan administration fees increased $6.3 million, or
36.0%, to $23.7 million for fiscal year 1999 as compared to $17.4 million for
fiscal year 1998. Loan administration fees are affected by factors that include
the size of our residential mortgage loan servicing portfolio, the servicing
spread, the timing of payment collections and the amount of ancillary fees
received. The mortgage loan servicing portfolio increased to an average balance
of $5.6 billion for fiscal year 1999 as compared to an average balance of $4.0
billion for fiscal year 1998. Our average service fee rates (including all
ancillary income) were comparable during the two years with 0.43% for fiscal
year 1999 as compared to 0.44% for fiscal year 1998.
Brokerage Fees. Brokerage fees represent income earned from brokerage and
consulting services performed pertaining to mortgage servicing rights.
Brokerage fees decreased $898,000, or 12.7%, to $6.2 million for fiscal year
1999 as compared to $7.1 million for fiscal year 1998. This decrease is the
result of a decrease in the balance of residential mortgage servicing portfolios
brokered by United Financial, which in terms of aggregate unpaid principal
balances on the underlying loans,
28
decreased $18.7 billion to $47.7 billion for fiscal year 1999 as compared to
$66.4 billion for fiscal year 1998. The decrease is attributable to a slow down
in the market for the purchase and sale of mortgage servicing rights, which was
seen primarily in the last quarter of 1999. We believe the lower trading volumes
were due in part to Year 2000 concerns. Due to current market conditions for
mortgage servicing rights, we are unable to predict whether United Financial
will, in the foreseeable future, broker the volume of mortgage servicing rights
that it did during fiscal year 1999. In addition, brokerage fees vary from
quarter to quarter as the timing of servicing sales is dependent upon the
seller's need to recognize a sale or to receive cash flows.
Trust Services. Trust service fees increased $671,000, or 16.1%, to $4.8
million for fiscal year 1999 as compared to $4.2 million for fiscal year 1998.
This increase is associated with the growth in total assets under administration
to over $2.5 billion at December 31, 1999 from $2.1 billion at December 31,
1998, primarily as a result of increased mutual fund values at year-end 1999.
The number of trust accounts remained fairly constant with 36,546 accounts at
December 31, 1999 and 36,374 accounts at December 31, 1998. Much of the growth
can be attributed to the settlement and clearing services which we have focused
on in 1999.
Asset Disposition Services. Asset disposition service income represents fees
earned by United Special Services for real estate management and disposition
services provided on foreclosed properties owned by financial services companies
and financial institutions. Asset disposition service income increased $1.7
million, or 79.7%, to $3.7 million for fiscal year 1999 as compared to $2.0
million for fiscal year 1998.
Gain on Sale of Loans. During fiscal years 1999 and 1998, we made bulk loan
sales of approximately $192.7 million and $319.4 million, for gains on sale of
bulk mortgage loans of $3.2 million and $3.1 million, respectively. These loan
sales were completed under standard purchase and sale agreements, with standard
representations and warranties and without recourse. The gains from these sales
represent cash gains. Gain on sale of loans can fluctuate significantly from
year to year based on a variety of factors, such as the current interest rate
environment, the supply and mix of loan portfolios available in the market, the
type of loan portfolios we purchase and the particular loan portfolios we elect
to sell.
Gain on Sale of Mortgage Servicing Rights. Gain on the sale of mortgage
servicing rights decreased $440,000, or 54.8%, to $363,000 for fiscal year 1999
as compared to $803,000 for fiscal year 1998. In terms of aggregate outstanding
principal balances of mortgage loans underlying such mortgage servicing rights,
we sold $161.2 million in purchased mortgage servicing rights during fiscal year
1999 as compared to $175.3 million during fiscal year 1998. Gains from the sale
of mortgage servicing rights can fluctuate significantly from year to year based
on the market value of our servicing portfolio, the particular servicing
portfolios we elect to sell and the availability of similar portfolios in the
market. Due to our position in and knowledge of the market, we will at times
pursue opportunistic sales of mortgage servicing rights.
Loan Origination. Loan origination income includes all mortage loan fees,
secondary marketing activity on new loan originations and servicing release
premiums on new originations sold, net of origination costs. Loan origination
income increased $541,000, or 9.5%, to $6.2 million for fiscal year 1999 as
compared to $5.7 million for fiscal year 1998. Approximately $391,000 of this
increase related to loans originated and sold by Matrix Bank's Small Business
Administration loan department. The remaining increase resulted primarily from
differences in the pricing and mix of loans originated, which offset the $131.6
million decrease in wholesale residential mortgage loan production. We
originated $443.4 million of wholesale residential mortgage loans in 1999 as
compared to $575.0 million in 1998. We attribute the decrease in wholesale
originations primarily to the effects of rising interest rates in the last half
of 1999.
Other Income. Other income increased $5.7 million, or 87.9%, to $12.2
million for fiscal year 1999 as compared to $6.5 million for fiscal year 1998.
The increase in other income was primarily due to:
. an increase in school services income earned by ABS of $2.7 million; and
. certain of our financing transactions which increased miscellaneous fee
income approximately $2.3 million over the prior fiscal year.
Noninterest Expense. Noninterest expense increased $16.7 million, or 31.4%,
to $69.6 million for fiscal year 1999 as compared to $52.9 million for fiscal
year 1998. This increase was primarily due to our overall growth and expansion,
including the acquisition of ABS, and an increase in the amortization of
mortgage servicing rights. The following table details the major components of
noninterest expense for the periods indicated:
29
Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------------
1999 1998
-------------- -------------
(In thousands)
Compensation and employee benefits................................................... $ 29,336 $ 22,194
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights............................................ 16,403 10,563
Occupancy and equipment.............................................................. 3,727 3,059
Postage and communication............................................................ 2,688 2,393
Professional fees.................................................................... 2,385 1,439
Data processing...................................................................... 1,688 1,344
Other general and administrative..................................................... 13,359 11,947
---------- ---------
Total............................................................................. $ 69,586 $ 52,939
========== =========
Compensation and employee benefits increased $7.1 million, or 32.2%, to $29.3
million for fiscal year 1999 as compared to $22.2 million for fiscal year 1998.
This increase was primarily the result of our acquisition of ABS, which resulted
in increased compensation expense of $2.3 million. Additionally, expansions in
the operations of Matrix Financial, Matrix Bank and Sterling Trust also
increased compensation expense. We had an overall increase of 153 employees, or
34.2%, to 600 employees at December 31, 1999 as compared to 447 employees at
December 31, 1998, of which 84 were at ABS.
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights increased $5.8 million, or 55.3%,
to $16.4 million for fiscal year 1999 as compared to $10.6 million for fiscal
year 1998. Amortization of mortgage servicing rights fluctuates based on the
size of our mortgage servicing portfolio and the prepayment rates experienced.
Our prepayment rates on our servicing portfolio averaged 20.6% during fiscal
year 1999 as compared to 22.6% during fiscal year 1998. In response to the lower
interest rates prevalent in the market during the first half of 1999, prepayment
speeds remained high due to borrowers refinancing into lower interest rate
mortgages. However, we have seen significant decreases in our prepayment speeds
in the latter half of 1999, which we anticipate to continue due to the higher
interest rates prevalent in the market as compared to the majority of 1999's
interest rate environment.
The remainder of noninterest expense, which includes occupancy and equipment
expense, postage and communication expense, professional fees, data processing
costs and other expenses, increased $3.6 million, or 18.2%, to $23.8 million for
fiscal year 1999 as compared to $20.2 million for fiscal year 1998. The
increase was generally attributable to increased legal expenses and increased
servicing costs associated with the nonperforming Federal Housing
Administration/Veteran's Administration loans that were transferred to us in
September 1999. See "Legal Proceedings" and "--Asset and Liability Management--
Nonperforming Assets."
Provision for Income Taxes. Our provision for income taxes increased $1.4
million to $6.3 million for fiscal year 1999 as compared to $4.9 million for
fiscal year 1998. The increase was a result of our increased pre-tax income, as
well as a slight increase in the effective tax rate to 36.8% for fiscal year
1999 from 36.4% for fiscal year 1998.
Comparison of Results of Operations for Fiscal Years 1998 and 1997
Net Income; Return on Average Equity. Net income increased $375,000, or 4.6%,
to $8.5 million for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $8.1 million for fiscal year
1997. On a per share basis, net income was $1.24 per share for fiscal year 1998
and $1.20 for fiscal year 1997. Return on average equity decreased to 18.9% for
fiscal year 1998 as compared to 22.7% for fiscal year 1997. Excluding non-
recurring charges in both years, net income increased $896,000, or 9.9%, to $9.9
million for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $9.0 million for fiscal year 1997.
Non-recurring charges during 1998, on a pre-tax basis, included a $2.3 million
loss recorded related to MCA Mortgage, as discussed below. Non-recurring charges
in 1997 consisted of a $1.4 million pre-tax loss relating to the recourse
obligation, subsequent operation and ultimate disposition of our entire
portfolio of sub-prime auto loans. Excluding non-recurring charges, earnings per
share increased to $1.44 in 1998 from $1.33 in 1997, or 8.3%, and returns on
average equity were 22.0% for fiscal year 1998 and 25.2% for fiscal year 1997.
During recent years, Matrix Financial entered into several purchase
transactions with MCA Mortgage Corporation, a Michigan-based mortgage banking
entity. At December 31, 1998, Matrix Financial was carrying approximately $5.0
million of residential mortgage loans on its balance sheet that were purchased
from MCA Mortgage on a servicing retained basis. We also had an outstanding
receivable relating to brokerage and consulting services provided to MCA
Mortgage. In January 1999, we learned that MCA Mortgage was closing its
operations. Additionally, in February 1999, we learned that MCA Mortgage had
declared bankruptcy and that some of the loans purchased by Matrix Financial had
been sold multiple times or pledged multiple times as security for repayment of
various credit facilities. We also discovered that there appeared to be
servicing
30
issues relating to some of the purchased loans. The servicing issues consisted
of instances in which loans owned by Matrix Financial and serviced by MCA
Mortgage had previously paid off, but for which MCA Mortgage had continued to
remit monthly principal and interest, rather than the payoff proceeds. As a
result of the above MCA Mortgage issues, we recorded a pre-tax loss as of
December 31, 1998 of approximately $2.3 million.
Net Interest Income. Net interest income before provision for loan and
valuation losses increased $10.3 million, or 74.2%, to $24.2 million for fiscal
year 1998 as compared to $13.9 million for fiscal year 1997. The increase in
net interest income before provision for loan and valuation losses was due to a
94.6% increase in our average loan balance, which was offset by a decrease in
our net interest margin to 3.37% for fiscal year 1998 as compared to 3.70% for
fiscal year 1997. The average yield on loans decreased to 8.59% in 1998 from
8.74% in 1997, primarily due to the overall decrease and continuance of lower
interest rates in the market, as well as our acquisition of fewer discounted
loans. Average interest-bearing liabilities increased to $663.6 million for
fiscal year 1998 from $322.8 million for the prior fiscal year. The increase in
the average interest-bearing liabilities was offset by a reduction in the cost
of the interest-bearing liabilities to 5.50% in 1998 from 5.66% in 1997. For a
tabular presentation of the changes in net interest income due to changes in
volume of interest-earning assets and changes in interest rates, see "--Analysis
of Changes in Net Interest Income Due to Changes in Interest Rates and Volumes."
Provision for Loan and Valuation Losses. The provision for loan and valuation
losses increased $3.7 million to $4.6 million for fiscal year 1998 as compared
to $874,000 for fiscal year 1997. This increase was primarily attributable to
the MCA Mortgage loss, as well as the increase in the balance of net loans
receivable, which increased to $848.4 million at December 31, 1998 as compared
to $511.4 million at December 31, 1997. For a discussion of the components of
the allowance for loan losses, see "--Asset and Liability Management--Analysis
of Allowance for Loan and Valuation Losses." For a discussion on the allowance
as it relates to nonperforming assets, see "--Asset and Liability Management--
Nonperforming Assets."
Loan Administration. Loan administration fees increased $1.4 million, or
8.8%, to $17.4 million for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $16.0 million for
fiscal year 1997. We attribute the 1998 increase to the increase in the
outstanding principal balance underlying our mortgage loan servicing portfolio.
The mortgage loan servicing portfolio increased $556.8 million, or 16.3%, to an
average balance of $4.0 billion for fiscal year 1998 as compared to an average
balance of $3.4 billion for fiscal year 1997. This increase was offset by a
reduction in the average service fee rate, including all ancillary income, to
0.44% for fiscal year 1998 as compared to 0.47% for fiscal year 1997.
Brokerage fees. Brokerage fees increased $3.2 million, or 79.9%, to $7.1
million for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $3.9 million for fiscal year 1997.
This increase is the result of an increase in the balance of residential
mortgage servicing portfolios brokered by United Financial, which in terms of
aggregate unpaid principal balances on the underlying loans, increased $33.0
billion to $66.4 billion for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $33.4 billion for
fiscal year 1997. Brokerage fees vary from quarter to quarter as the timing of
servicing sales is dependent upon the seller's need to recognize a sale or to
receive cash flows.
Trust Services. Trust service fees increased $608,000, or 17.1%, to $4.2
million for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $3.6 million for fiscal year 1997.
This increase is associated with the growth in the number of trust accounts
under administration at Sterling Trust, which increased to 36,374 accounts at
December 31, 1998 from 29,382 accounts at December 31, 1997 and the increase in
total assets under administration to $2.1 billion at December 31, 1998 from $1.4
billion at December 31, 1997. Over half of the increase in accounts is the
result of a service agreement with a large registered investment advisor, which
was signed in early 1998 and provides custody and clearing services for this
advisor's clients. While this represents a significant portion of Sterling
Trust's growth during 1998, the advisor's clients have all signed individual
agreements for Sterling Trust's services.
Asset Disposition Services. United Special Services' fee income for real
estate management and disposition services on foreclosed properties increased
$915,000, or 81.6%, to $2.0 million for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $1.1
million for fiscal year 1997.
Gain on Sale of Loans. During fiscal years 1998 and 1997, we made bulk loan
sales of approximately $319.4 million and $198.3 million, for gains on sale of
bulk mortgage loans of $3.1 million and $2.4 million, respectively. These loan
sales were completed under standard purchase and sale agreements with standard
representations and warranties and without recourse. The gains from these sales
represent cash gains. Gain on sale of loans can fluctuate significantly from
year to year based on a variety of factors, such as the current interest rate
environment, the supply and mix of loan portfolios available in the market, the
type of loan portfolios we purchase and the particular loan portfolios we elect
to sell.
31
Gain on Sale of Mortgage Servicing Rights. Gain on the sale of mortgage
servicing rights decreased $2.6 million, or 76.1%, to $803,000 for fiscal year
1998 as compared to $3.4 million for fiscal year 1997. In terms of aggregate
outstanding principal balances of mortgage loans underlying such mortgage
servicing rights, we sold $175.3 million in purchased mortgage servicing rights
during fiscal year 1998 as compared to $1.3 billion during fiscal year 1997.
Gains from the sale of mortgage servicing rights can fluctuate significantly
from year to year based on the market value of our servicing portfolio, the
particular servicing portfolios we elect to sell and the availability of similar
portfolios in the market. Due to our position in and knowledge of the market,
we will at times pursue opportunistic sales of mortgage servicing rights.
Loan Origination. Loan origination income increased $983,000, or 20.9%, to
$5.7 million for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $4.7 million for fiscal year
1997. This increase is attributable to the increase in wholesale residential
mortgage loan production of $172.0 million, or 42.7%, to $575.0 million during
fiscal year 1998 as compared to $403.0 million during fiscal year 1997.
Other Income. Other income increased $3.6 million, or 122.2%, to $6.5
million for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $2.9 million for fiscal year 1997.
The increase in other income was primarily due to:
. increased consulting income from United Capital Markets, which rose to
$2.6 million for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $184,000 for fiscal year
1997; and
. certain of our financing transactions, which increased miscellaneous fee
income over the prior fiscal year.
Noninterest Expense. Noninterest expense increased $15.2 million, or 40.3%,
to $52.9 million for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $37.7 million for fiscal
year 1997. This increase was primarily due to our overall growth and expansion
that began in the fourth quarter of 1997 and has continued throughout 1998 and
the increase in the amortization of mortgage servicing rights. This growth and
expansion included the continued growth in the origination of loans at Matrix
Financial, the opening of a new lending subsidiary of Matrix Financial and
moderate growth at most of the other subsidiaries. The following table details
the major components of noninterest expense for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------------
1998 1997
-------------- -------------
(In thousands)
Compensation and employee benefits................................................... $ 22,194 $ 14,724
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights............................................ 10,563 6,521
Occupancy and equipment.............................................................. 3,059 2,132
Postage and communication............................................................ 2,393 1,522
Professional fees.................................................................... 1,439 976
Data processing...................................................................... 1,344 843
Losses related to recourse sales..................................................... - 1,237
Other general and administrative..................................................... 11,947 9,791
---------- ---------
Total............................................................................. $ 52,939 $ 37,746
========== =========
Compensation and employee benefits increased $7.5 million, or 50.7%, to $22.2
million for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $14.7 million for fiscal year 1997.
This increase was primarily the result of the expansion discussed above, as well
as expansion in the operations of Matrix Bank. Additionally, commission-based
compensation at Matrix Financial and United Financial increased due to the
overall increases in loan origination and brokerage income, respectively. Most
of our other subsidiaries also added new employees during 1998. We had an
overall increase of 68 employees, or 17.9%, to 447 employees at December 31,
1998 as compared to 379 employees at December 31, 1997.
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights increased $4.1 million, or 62.0%,
to $10.6 million for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $6.5 million for fiscal
year 1997. Amortization of mortgage servicing rights fluctuates based on the
size of our mortgage servicing portfolio and the prepayment rates experienced.
Our prepayment rates on our servicing portfolio averaged 22.6% during fiscal
year 1998 as compared to 11.3% during fiscal year 1997. In response to the lower
interest rates prevalent in the market, prepayment speeds have increased due to
borrowers refinancing into lower interest rate mortgages.
The remainder of noninterest expense, after removing the effect of the 1997
non-recurring charges, which includes occupancy and equipment expense, postage
and communication expense, professional fees, data processing costs and other
expenses increased $5.1 million, or 34.0%, to $20.2 million for fiscal year 1998
as compared to $15.1 million for fiscal year
32
1997. The increase was generally attributable to the growth and expansion of our
business lines, especially with regard to Matrix Financial and Matrix Bank.
Additionally, we experienced higher interest curtailment expenses related to the
increased prepayments at Matrix Financial.
Provision for Income Taxes. Our provision for income taxes decreased $283,000
to $4.9 million for fiscal year 1998 as compared to $5.2 million for fiscal year
1997. The increase in pre-tax income was offset by a reduction in the effective
tax rate to 36.4% for fiscal year 1998 from 38.8% for fiscal year 1997. The
decrease in the effective tax rate was the result of our origination of tax-
exempt leases.
Average Balance Sheet
The following table sets forth for the periods and as of the dates indicated,
information regarding our average balances of assets and liabilities as well as
the dollar amounts of interest income from interest-earning assets and interest
expense on interest-bearing liabilities and the resultant yields or costs.
Ratio, yield and rate information is based on average daily balances where
available; otherwise, average monthly balances have been used. Nonaccrual loans
are included in the calculation of average balances for loans for the periods
indicated.
Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998
------------------------------------ ----------------------------------
Average Average Average Average
Balance Interest Rate Balance Interest Rate
---------- -------- ------- -------- -------- -------
(Dollars in thousands)
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivable, net......................... $ 877,117 $ 72,355 8.25% $ 692,443 $ 59,452 8.59%
Interest-earning deposits..................... 16,326 629 3.85 15,042 627 4.17
FHLB stock.................................... 13,934 766 5.50 10,719 615 5.74
---------- -------- -------- --------- -------- ---------
Total interest-earning assets................ 907,377 73,750 8.13 718,204 60,694 8.45
Noninterest-earning assets:
Cash.......................................... 18,090 13,241
Allowance for loan and valuation losses....... (4,392) (2,223)
Premises and equipment........................ 10,765 9,913
Other assets.................................. 122,705 93,208
---------- ---------
Total noninterest-earning assets............. 147,168 114,139
---------- ---------
Total assets................................. $1,054,545 $ 832,343
========== =========
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Passbook accounts............................. $ 2,758 96 3.48 $ 2,859 102 3.58
Money market and NOW accounts ("NOW") accounts 213,192 6,356 2.98 142,382 4,432 3.11
Certificates of deposit....................... 287,347 15,137 5.27 211,592 11,687 5.52
FHLB borrowings............................... 175,619 9,184 5.23 159,381 8,554 5.37
Borrowed money................................ 159,272 13,514 8.48 147,368 11,729 7.96
---------- -------- -------- --------- -------- ---------
Total interest-bearing liabilities........... 838,188 44,287 5.28 663,582 36,504 5.50
---------- -------- -------- --------- -------- ---------
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
Demand deposits
(including custodial escrow balances)........ 140,847 106,247
Other liabilities............................. 21,054 17,518
---------- ---------
Total noninterest-bearing liabilities......... 161,901 123,765
Shareholders' equity.......................... 54,456 44,996
---------- ---------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity... $1,054,545 $ 832,343
========== =========
Net interest income before provision for loan
and valuation losses....................... $ 29,463 $ 24,190
======== ========
Interest rate spread........................... 2.85% 2.95%
======== =========
Net interest margin............................ 3.25% 3.37%
======== =========
Ratio of average interest-earning assets to
average interest-bearing liabilities........ 108.25% 108.23%
======== =========
Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------------
1997
--------------------------------
Average Average
Balance Interest Rate
-------- -------- --------
(Dollars in thousands)
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivable, net......................... $355,848 $ 31,096 8.74%
Interest-earning deposits..................... 15,371 778 5.06
FHLB stock.................................... 4,606 275 5.97
-------- -------- --------
Total interest-earning assets................ 375,825 32,149 8.55
Noninterest-earning assets:
Cash.......................................... 10,268
Allowance for loan and valuation losses....... (1,343)
Premises and equipment........................ 8,302
Other assets.................................. 62,922
--------
Total noninterest-earning assets............. 80,149
--------
Total assets................................. $455,974
========
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Passbook accounts............................. $ 2,859 113 3.95
Money market and NOW accounts ("NOW") accounts 96,982 3,278 3.38
Certificates of deposit....................... 83,993 4,985 5.94
FHLB borrowings............................... 59,984 3,435 5.73
Borrowed money................................ 79,011 6,450 8.16
-------- -------- --------
Total interest-bearing liabilities........... 322,829 18,261 5.66
------- -------- --------
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:
Demand deposits (including custodial escrow
balances)................................... 80,816
Other liabilities............................. 16,501
--------
Total noninterest-bearing liabilities......... 97,317
Shareholders' equity.......................... 35,828
--------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity... $455,974
========
Net interest income before provision for loan
and valuation losses....................... $ 13,888
========
Interest rate spread........................... 2.89%
========
Net interest margin............................ 3.70%
========
Ratio of average interest-earning assets to
average interest-bearing liabilities....... 116.42%
========
33
Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income Due to Changes in Interest Rates and
Volumes
The following table presents the dollar amount of changes in interest income
and interest expense for major components of interest-earning assets and
interest-bearing liabilities. It distinguishes between the increase or decrease
related to changes in balances and changes in interest rates. For each category
of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, information is
provided on changes attributable to:
. changes in volume, in other words, changes in volume multiplied by old
rate; and
. changes in rate, in other words, changes in rate multiplied by old volume.
For purposes of this table, changes attributable to both rate and volume,
which cannot be segregated, have been allocated proportionately to the change
due to volume and the change due to rate.
Year Ended December 31, Year Ended December 31,
1999 vs. 1998 Increase (Decrease) 1998 vs. 1997 Increase (Decrease)
Due to Change in Due to Change in
---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
Volume Rate Total Volume Rate Total
------------- ---------- -------- ------------- ---------- --------
(In thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivable, net......................... $ 15,308 $ (2,405) $ 12,903 $ 28,908 $ (552) $ 28,356
Interest-earning deposits..................... 52 (50) 2 (17) (134) (151)
FHLB stock.................................... 177 (26) 151 351 (11) 340
-------- -------- --------- --------- --------- --------
Total interest-earning assets................ 15,537 (2,481) 13,056 29,242 (697) 28,545
-------- -------- -------- --------- --------- --------
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Passbook accounts............................. (4) (2) (6) -- (11) (11)
Money market and NOW accounts................. 2,120 (197) 1,923 1,431 (277) 1,154
Certificates of deposit....................... 4,009 (559) 3,450 7,071 (369) 6,702
FHLB advances................................. 853 (222) 631 5,348 (229) 5,119
Borrowed money................................ 986 799 1,785 5,445 (166) 5,279
-------- -------- -------- --------- --------- --------
Total interest-bearing liabilities........... 7,964 (181) 7,783 19,295 (1,052) 18,243
-------- -------- -------- --------- --------- --------
Change in net interest income before provision
for loan and valuation losses................. $ 7,573 $ (2,300) $ 5,273 $ 9,947 $ 355 $ 10,302
======== ======== ======== ========= ========= ========
Asset and Liability Management
General. A significant portion of our revenues and net income is derived from
net interest income and, accordingly, we strive to manage our interest-earning
assets and interest-bearing liabilities to generate what we believe to be an
appropriate contribution from net interest income. Asset and liability
management seeks to control the volatility of our performance due to changes in
interest rates. We constantly attempt to achieve an appropriate relationship
between rate sensitive assets and rate sensitive liabilities. We have responded
to interest rate volatility by developing and implementing asset and liability
management strategies designed to increase noninterest income and improve the
match between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. These
strategies include:
. Utilizing mortgage servicing rights as a source of noninterest income and
as a countermeasure against the decline in the value of mortgage loans
during a rising interest rate environment. Increases in interest rates
tend to increase the value of mortgage servicing rights because of the
resulting decrease in prepayment rates on the underlying loans;
. Increasing the noninterest-bearing custodial escrow balances related to
our mortgage servicing rights;
. Increasing focus on lines of business that are less interest rate
sensitive, such as brokerage activities, consulting services, self-
directed trust services, real estate disposition and school business
services;
. Maintaining a wholesale loan origination operation. Wholesale originations
provide a form of hedge against the balance of mortgage servicing rights.
In a decreasing interest rate environment, the value of the servicing
portfolio tends to decrease due to increased prepayments of the underlying
loans. During this same environment, however, the volume of loan
originations generally increases;
. Originating and purchasing adjustable rate mortgages and selling newly
originated fixed rate residential mortgages in the secondary market;
34
. Increasing emphasis on the origination of construction and commercial real
estate lending, which tend to have higher interest rates with shorter loan
maturities than residential mortgage loans and generally are at adjustable
rates;
. Increasing retail deposits, which are less susceptible to changes in
interest rates than other funding sources;
. Pursuing strategic acquisitions or alliances that provide fee-based income
or generate liabilities that are less expensive or less interest rate
sensitive than retail deposits or borrowings from third party institutions
to fund our investing activities;
. Using Matrix Bank as the settlement bank for settlement and clearing
services offered by Sterling Trust and Matrix Settlement & Clearance
Services to generate low-cost deposits; and
. Hedging segments of our servicing portfolio and selling forward
commitments on our loan pipeline.
Lending Activities. Our major interest-earning asset is our loan portfolio.
Consequently, a significant part of our asset and liability management involves
monitoring the composition of our loan portfolio, including the corresponding
maturities. The following table sets forth the composition of our loan
portfolio by loan type as of the dates indicated. The amounts in the table
below are shown net of discounts and other deductions.
As of December 31,
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
----------------------- ----------------------- -----------------------
Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(Dollars in thousands)
Residential.................................. $ 954,424 86.49% $ 732,512 86.34% $ 462,604 90.46%
Multi-family, commercial
real estate and commercial................ 78,046 7.07 52,689 6.21 29,492 5.77
Direct financing leases...................... 31,748 2.88 24,429 2.88 2,708 0.53
Construction................................. 36,056 3.26 27,648 3.26 7,591 1.48
Consumer..................................... 9,595 0.87 14,880 1.75 10,733 2.10
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Total loans and leases................ 1,109,869 100.57 852,158 100.44 513,128 100.34
Less allowance for loan
and valuation losses...................... 6,354 0.57 3,710 0.44 1,756 0.34
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Loans receivable, net........................ $1,103,515 100.00% $ 848,448 100.00% $ 511,372 100.00%
========== ========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
As of December 31,
----------------------------------------------------
1996 1995
----------------------- -----------------------
Amount Percent Amount Percent
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
(Dollars in thousands)
Residential.................................. $ 192,118 90.47% $ 136,741 93.23%
Multi-family, commercial
real estate and commercial................ 15,352 7.23 7,544 5.15
Direct financing leases...................... -- -- -- --
Construction................................. 1,061 0.50 78 0.05
Consumer..................................... 4,869 2.29 3,245 2.21
---------- --------- ---------- ---------
Total loans and leases................ 213,400 100.49 147,608 100.64
Less allowance for loan
and valuation losses...................... 1,039 0.49 943 0.64
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------
Loans receivable, net........................ $ 212,361 100.00% $ 146,665 100.00%
========== ========== ========== =========
The following table presents the aggregate maturities of loans in each major
category of our loan portfolio as of December 31, 1999, excluding the allowance
for loan and valuation losses. Loans held for sale are classified as maturing
over three years, except for direct financing leases which are classified as
maturing within one year. Actual maturities may differ from the contractual
maturities shown below as a result of renewals and prepayments or the timing of
loan sales.
As of December 31, 1999
-----------------------------------------------------
Less than One to Over five
one year five years years Total
---------- ---------- ----------- ----------
(In thousands)
Residential.............................................$ 346,818 $ 602,777 $ 4,829 $ 954,424
Multi-family, commercial real estate and commercial..... 13,483 18,556 46,007 78,046
Direct financing leases................................. 31,748 -- -- 31,748
Construction............................................ 27,319 8,737 -- 36,056
Consumer................................................ 3,725 3,860 2,010 9,595
---------- ---------- ----------- ----------
Total loans and leases................................$ 423,093 $ 633,930 $ 52,846 $1,109,869
========== ========== =========== ==========
Included in loans held for sale is approximately $4.5 million, at December 31,
1999, of loans which we have acquired under purchase/repurchase facilities and
purchase agreements with several parties. The terms of these agreements vary
with each seller but include provisions which require the seller to repurchase
the loans within a defined period of time, or provide at our option, the
ability, on short notice, to require the seller to repurchase the loans, or in
some cases, allow the seller to repurchase the loans. In all cases, the seller
provides us contractual recourse in the event of delinquency and/or loss.
35
Loans held for investment, which are contractually due in one or more years,
are split between fixed and adjustable rates as follows:
As of December 31, 1999
----------------------------------------------
One to five Over five
years years Total
---------- ------------- -----------
(In thousands)
Fixed................. $ 35,821 $ 13,969 $ 49,790
Adjustable............ 38,689 38,720 77,409
---------- ---------- ----------
Total loans......... $ 74,510 $ 52,689 $ 127,197
========== ========== ==========
Nonperforming Assets. As part of asset and liability management, we monitor
nonperforming assets on a monthly basis. Nonperforming assets consist primarily
of nonaccrual loans and foreclosed real estate. Loans are placed on nonaccrual
when full payment of principal or interest is in doubt or when they are past due
90 days as to either principal or interest. Foreclosed real estate arises
primarily through foreclosure on mortgage loans owned. The following table sets
forth our nonperforming assets as of the dates indicated:
As of December 31,
----------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997 1996 1995
-------- -------- ------- ------- -------
(Dollars in thousands)
Nonaccrual mortgage loans...................... $ 20,185 $ 8,208 $ 4,796 $ 3,031 $ 5,523
Nonaccrual commercial loans and direct
financing leases............................ 5,301 4,349 -- -- --
Nonaccrual consumer loans...................... 155 652 194 872 15
-------- -------- ------- ------- -------
Total nonperforming loans and leases..... 25,641 13,209 4,990 3,903 5,538
Foreclosed real estate......................... 800 916 1,242 788 835
Repossessed automobiles........................ -- -- -- 506 --
-------- -------- ------- ------- -------
Total nonperforming assets............... $ 26,441 $ 14,125 $ 6,232 $ 5,197 $ 6,373
======== ======== ======= ======= =======
Total nonperforming loans and leases
to total loans and leases................... 2.31% 1.55% 0.97% 1.83% 3.75%
Total nonperforming assets to total assets..... 2.06% 1.40% 1.03% 1.89% 3.42%
Ratio of allowance for loan and valuation
losses to total nonperforming loans and
leases...................................... 24.78% 28.09% 35.19% 26.62% 17.03%
Interest income on nonperforming loans and
leases not included in interest income...... $ 979 $ 524 $ 89 $ 120 $ 156
As of December 31, 1999, we had approximately $1.2 million of non-government
accruing loans and leases that were contractually past due 90 days or more. We
accrue for interest on government-sponsored loans such as Federal Housing
Administration insured and Veterans Administration guaranteed loans which are
past due 90 or more days, as the interest on these loans is insured by the
federal government. The aggregate unpaid principal balance of government-
sponsored accruing loans that were past due 90 or more days was $147.9 million
and $165.7 million as of December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. Nonaccrual
mortgage loans as a percentage of total loans were 1.8% at December 31, 1999,
1.0% at December 31, 1998, 0.9% at December 1997, 1.4% at December 31, 1996 and
3.7% at December 31, 1995. The increase in 1999 can be primarily attributed to
a sub-prime residential portfolio that we acquired on a scheduled interest and
scheduled principal remittance with full recourse to the seller/servicer. In
October 1999, however, the seller/servicer declared bankruptcy and the servicing
was transferred to us. The total principal balance of the portfolio was $16.0
million at December 31, 1999, and approximately $2.4 million was 90 or more days
delinquent at that time. We believe that a portion of these delinquencies are a
result of the servicing transfer. Associated with these loans, we have a
$513,000 reserve, which is not reflected in the general valuation reserve. See
"Legal Proceedings."
The increase in nonaccrual commercial loans and direct financing leases in
1999 and 1998 is the result of our origination of tax-exempt lease financing for
charter schools for the purchase of real estate and equipment. Several of the
charter schools for which we have provided financing have encountered enrollment
and/or state funding delays, which has caused them to become delinquent on their
lease obligations to us.
The increase in the nonaccrual consumer loans in 1996 is a result of sub-
prime auto loans that we repurchased pursuant to limited representations and
warranties included in loan sale agreements. We had a separate reserve of
$600,000 included in other liabilities for anticipated losses relating to the
repurchased sub-prime auto loans at December 31, 1996. Included in
36
repossessed assets for 1996 is $506,000 of automobiles that we were required to
repurchase pursuant to the same limited representations and warranties. The
balance of the loans and automobiles repurchased in 1996 and 1997 were either
disposed of or sold to a third party investor in December 1997. We do not
anticipate that we will originate any additional sub-prime automobile contracts.
The prior delinquency and anticipated future delinquencies are taken into
consideration in the pricing of the loans acquired. We generally purchase such
loans at discounts and, in some instances, receive recourse or credit
enhancement from the seller to further reduce our risk of loss associated with
the loans' nonaccrual status. At December 31, 1999, $17.0 million, or 66.4%, of
the nonaccrual loans were loans that were residential loans purchased in bulk
loan portfolios and remain classified as "held for sale." Total loans held for
sale at December 31, 1999, were $977.8 million, of which $25.1 million, or 2.6%,
were nonaccrual loans.
The percentage of the allowance for loan and valuation losses to nonaccrual
loans varies widely due to the nature of our portfolio of mortgage loans, which
are collateralized primarily by residential real estate. We analyze the
collateral for each nonperforming mortgage loan to determine potential loss
exposure. In conjunction with other factors, this loss exposure contributes to
the overall assessment of the adequacy of the allowance for loan and valuation
losses. See "--Comparison of Results of Operations for Fiscal Years 1999 and
1998."
Analysis of Allowance for Loan and Valuation Losses. The following table sets
forth information regarding changes in our allowance for loan and valuation
losses for the periods indicated. The table includes the allowance for both
loans held for investment and loans held for sale.
As of and for the
Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997 1996 1995
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------
(Dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period................. $ 3,710 $ 1,756 $ 1,039 $ 943 $ 728
Charge-offs:
Real estate-mortgage......................... 98 1,922 22 64 198
Real estate-construction..................... -- -- -- -- 35
Direct financing leases...................... -- -- -- -- --
Consumer..................................... 509 789 166 6 7
--------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------
Total charge-offs......................... 607 2,711 188 70 240
Recoveries:
Real estate-mortgage......................... 2 2 -- 8 5
Consumer..................................... 69 56 31 15 49
--------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------
Total recoveries.......................... 71 58 31 23 54
--------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------
Net charge-offs................................ 536 2,653 157 47 186
Provision for loan losses charged to operations 3,180 4,607 874 143 401
--------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------
Balance at end of period....................... $ 6,354 $ 3,710 $ 1,756 $ 1,039 $ 943
========= ========= ========== ========= =========
Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans(1)... 0.06% 0.38% 0.04% 0.03% 0.15%
========= ========= ========== ========= =========
Average loans outstanding during the period.... $ 877,117 $ 692,443 $ 355,848 $ 162,648 $ 121,206
========= ========= ========== ========= =========
____________
(1) Excluding charge-offs related to our credit card operations in 1999 and
related to MCA Mortgage and our credit card operations in 1998, the ratio
of net charge-offs to average loans was 0.02% and 0.03%, respectively.
A majority of the increase in real estate-mortgage charge-offs for 1998 as
compared to 1997 is due to the loss recognized related to MCA Mortgage. See "--
Comparison of Results of Operations for Fiscal Years 1998 and 1997--Net Income;
Return on Average Equity" for additional information. Additionally, the
increase in consumer charge-offs in 1999 and 1998 pertains to losses experienced
on our credit card portfolio. Credit card loans accounted for 0.27% and 0.53%
of our total loan portfolio as of December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. The
majority of our credit card portfolio was originated in 1996 and the balance of
our unsecured credit card portfolio at December 31, 1999 was $2.5 million.
The allowance for loan and valuation losses is increased by the provision for
loan and valuation losses (which is charged to operations) for particular loans
where management considers ultimate collection to be questionable. We evaluate
all other loans as part of their respective categories and not on an individual
basis. Each category of loans in the loan portfolio is assigned a loss factor
based on:
37
. the assessed risk inherent in each loan category;
. certain qualitative evaluations of individual classified assets;
. trends in the portfolio;
. geographic and portfolio concentrations;
. new products or markets; and
. evaluations of the changes in the historical loss experience component and
projections of this component into the current and future periods based on
current knowledge and conditions.
These loss factors range from 0.10% for Federal Housing Administration/Veterans
Administration loans guaranteed by the Department of Housing and Urban
Development to 8.00% for credit card loans. Additionally substandard and
doubtful loans of homogeneous loan portfolios are assigned loss factors of 5.00%
and 50.00%, respectively. We had no impaired loans as December 31, 1999, 1998,
1997, 1996 and 1995. The loss factors are applied to the outstanding principal
balance of loans in their respective categories, and the total for all
categories determines our allowance for loan and valuation losses, except for
direct financing leases, for which the allowance is determined based on specific
leases. The following table shows information regarding the components of our
allowance for loan and valuation losses as of the dates indicated.
As of December 31,
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
---------------------- ---------------------- ----------------------
Percentage Percentage Percentage
of Loans in of Loans in of Loans in
each each each
Category to Category to Category to
Amount Total Loans Amount Total Loans Amount Total Loans
------- ------------ ------- ------------ ------- ------------
(Dollars in thousands)
Residential..................... $ 3,591 86.00% $ 2,295 85.96% $ 1,234 90.15%
Multi-family, commercial real
estate and commercial........ 835 7.02 564 6.18 91 5.75
Direct financing leases......... 1,320 2.86 275 2.87 -- 0.53
Construction.................... 286 3.25 207 3.24 23 1.48
Consumer........................ 322 0.87 369 1.75 408 2.09
------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------
$ 6,354 100.00% $ 3,710 100.00% $ 1,756 100.00%
======= ====== ======= ====== ======= ======
As of December 31,
-------------------------------------------------
1996 1995
---------------------- ----------------------
Percentage Percentage
of Loans in of Loans in
each each
Category to Category to
Amount Total Loans Amount Total Loans
------- ------------ ------- ------------
(Dollars in Thousands)
Residential..................... $ 911 90.03% $ 830 92.64%
Multi-family, commercial real
estate and commercial........ 51 7.19 78 5.11
Direct financing leases......... -- -- -- --
Construction.................... 6 0.50 1 0.05
Consumer........................ 71 2.28 34 2.20
------- ------ ------- ------
$ 1,039 100.00% $ 943 100.00%
======= ====== ======= ======
The ratio of the allowance for loan and valuation losses to total loans was
0.57% at December 31, 1999; 0.44% at December 31, 1998; 0.34% at December 31,
1997; 0.49% at December 31, 1996; and 0.64% at December 31, 1995. The allowance
for loan and valuation losses is reduced by loans charged off, net of
recoveries. The allowance for loan and valuation losses allocated to
residential, multi-family, commercial real estate, commercial and construction
loans has increased mainly due to the increased outstanding loan principal
balances in these loan categories and not due to any increase in the perceived
risk or losses experienced in these categories. As of December 31, 1999, we
believe that the allowance, when taken as a whole, is adequate to absorb
the inherent losses in the current loan portfolio. We did not assign
any of the allowance for loan and valuation losses to direct financing leases in
1997, as we originated the $2.7 million of outstanding direct financing leases
in the last month of the year and we felt that it was not necessary due to the
immaterial amount of leases relative to the total loan portfolio. The increase
in the allowance for loan and valuation losses in 1999 and 1998 reflects the
growth of the direct financing leases during 1999 and 1998 and the nonaccrual
status of a portion of this portfolio at December 31, 1999 and 1998, as well as
increases in the size of the residential loan portfolio.
Risk Sensitive Assets and Liabilities. As discussed in "Asset and Liability
Management - General" a significant portion of our earnings and ultimate success
is partially dependent upon our ability to manage our interest rate risk.
Interest rate risk can be defined as the exposure of our net interest income to
adverse movements in interest rates. Although we manage other risks, such as
credit, operational and liquidity risk, in the normal course of business, we
consider interest rate risk to be a significant market risk which could
potentially have the largest material effect on our financial condition and
results of operations. The majority of our market risk related to interest
rates exists within the operations of Matrix Bank. However, Matrix Financial
also has interest rate risk related to its primary asset, mortgage servicing
rights, and also related to its loan origination volumes, as well as the net
interest income earned on its originated loans that are funded through warehouse
lines of credit. The susceptibility to movements in interest rates affects the
cash flows generated from the mortgage servicing rights
38
which are recorded in other income versus interest income. In a decreasing
interest rate environment, the underlying servicing portfolio tends to prepay
faster which reduces future servicing income; while in an increasing interest
rate environment, prepayments tend to decrease, which increases expected future
servicing income. As it relates to Matrix Financial's lending activities, Matrix
Financial originates residential mortgage loans, which are generally pre-sold.
However, between the time that the loan is originated and sold to the ultimate
investor, Matrix Financial earns interest income. The loans are funded through
the use of warehouse credit facilities that are generally priced based on short-
term interest rates. Therefore, the net interest income that is earned by Matrix
Financial is generally dependent on the spread between long-term mortgage rates
and short-term interest rates. Additionally, rising interest rate environments
typically decrease loan origination volumes, whereas falling interest rate
environments typically increase loan origination volumes.
We currently do not maintain a trading portfolio. As a result, we are not
exposed to market risk as it relates to trading activities. The majority of our
residential loan portfolio is held for sale which requires us to perform
quarterly market valuations of the portfolio in order to properly record the
portfolio at the lower of cost or market. Therefore, we continually monitor the
interest rates of our loan portfolio as compared to prevalent interest rates in
the market.
Interest rate risk management at Matrix Bank is the responsibility of the
Asset and Liability Committee, which reports to the board of directors of Matrix
Bank. The Asset and Liability Committee establishes policies that monitor and
coordinate our sources, uses and pricing of funds. The Asset and Liability
Committee is also involved in formulating our budget and strategic plan as it
relates to investment objectives. Due to the historical size of Matrix Bank's
loan portfolio and the high degree of purchase and sale activity, the Asset and
Liability Committee has relied on the Office of Thrift Supervision interest rate
risk exposure report to assist in the overall monitoring of Matrix Bank's
interest rate sensitivity. Based on the information and assumptions used in the
Office of Thrift Supervision exposure report as of December 31, 1999, a downward
200 basis point shock over a twelve month period would increase Matrix Bank's
capital by approximately 5%, and an upward 200 basis point shock over a twelve
month period would decrease Matrix Bank's capital by approximately 25%, which,
however, leaves Matrix Bank with a capital balance that still exceeds its
current capital balance at December 31, 1999 by approximately $6.7 million. As
Matrix Bank grew to in excess of $1 billion in total assets in 1999, we can no
longer rely on the Office of Thrift Supervision reports to manage our interest
rate risk. We have engaged a third party to provide consulting services that
will assist us with asset/liability management. We are also researching various
asset/liability software packages for possible future acquisition by Matrix
Bank.
We continue to attempt to reduce the volatility in net interest income by
managing the relationship of interest rate sensitive assets to interest rate
sensitive liabilities. To accomplish this, we focus on acquiring adjustable
rate residential mortgages and have increased our efforts regarding the
origination of residential construction loans, commercial real estate loans and
limited consumer lending, which re-price or mature more quickly than fixed rate
residential real estate loans. In 1999, we increased our investment in
nonperforming Federal Housing Administration and Veteran's Administration loans,
which are fixed rate loans that have a significantly shorter life than newly
originated loans. The other significant asset that we invest in is residential
mortgage servicing rights. The value and cash flows from residential mortgage
servicing rights respond counter-cyclically to the value of fixed rate
mortgages. When interest rates increase and the value of fixed rate mortgages
decrease, in turn decreasing net interest income, the value of the mortgage
servicing rights increase. In a decreasing interest rate environment, the
inverse occurs. Another significant strategy that we focus on in managing
interest rate risk is identifying lines of business that generate noninterest
rate sensitive liabilities. Examples of this strategy are the investment in
mortgage servicing rights, which generate no cost escrow deposits and Sterling
Trust's operations, which administer deposits with relatively low costs.
In the ordinary course of business, we make commitments to originate
residential mortgage loans and hold originated loans until delivery to an
investor. Inherent in this business are risks associated with changes in
interest rates and the resulting change in the market value of the pipeline
loans. We mitigate this risk through the use of mandatory and nonmandatory
forward commitments to sell loans. As of December 31, 1999, we had $41.2
million in pipeline and funded loans offset with mandatory forward commitments
of $35.1 million and nonmandatory forward commitments of $3.7 million. The
inherent value of the forward commitments is considered in the determination of
the lower of cost or market for such loans.
Ownership of mortgage servicing rights exposes us to impairment of their
value in certain interest rate environments. The incidence of prepayment of a
mortgage loan increases during periods of declining interest rates as the
homeowner seeks to refinance the loan to a lower interest rate. If the level of
prepayment on segments of our mortgage servicing portfolio achieves a level
higher than we projected for an extended period of time, then an impairment in
the associated basis in the mortgage servicing rights may occur. To mitigate
this risk of impairment due to declining interest rates, we hedged a segment
39
of our portfolio beginning in September 1997. We had identified and hedged $604
million as of December 31, 1999 and $674 million as of December 31, 1998 of our
mortgage servicing portfolio using a program of exchange-traded futures and
options. See note 13 to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere
in this document.
The following tables represent, in tabular form, contractual balances of our
on balance sheet financial instruments in dollars at the expected maturity
dates, as well as the fair value of those on balance sheet financial instruments
for the periods ended December 31, 1999 and 1998. The expected maturity
categories take into consideration historical and anticipated prepayment speeds,
as well as actual amortization of principal and do not take into consideration
the reinvestment of cash. Our assets and liabilities that do not have a stated
maturity date, such as interest-earning deposits, Federal Home Loan Bank stock
and certain other deposits, are considered to be long term in nature and are
reported in the thereafter column. We are very active in the secondary market
as it relates to the purchase and sale of mortgage loans. In the past, we have
made the assumption that the entire portfolio of loans held for sale will mature
in the first year, as the total amount of loans sold generally represent a
significant portion of our held for sale portfolio. In the past year, loans
sold as a percentage of the held for sale portfolio has decreased as we are
growing Matrix Bank's assets. The total amount of loans sold by Matrix Bank in
1999 and 1998 approximated 30% and 81%, respectively, of Matrix Bank's total
held for sale portfolio at December 31, 1998 and 1997. This proves our intent
to sell the loans classified as held for sale, but no longer supports our one-
year maturity assumption. We will now use a three-year maturity assumption for
Matrix Bank's held for sale loans and a one-year maturity assumption will still
be used for Matrix Financial's originated loans held for sale and all direct
financing leases. We also treat the Federal Home Loan Bank and revolving
borrowings as long term in nature, as the continued availability of these
amounts is anticipated indefinitely. Third party servicers service a portion of
our loan portfolio; as a result, a portion of the information presented is based
on the best available information.
For the most part, the carrying amounts of interest-earning deposits, Federal
Home Loan Bank stock, Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings and borrowed money
approximate those assets' and liabilities' fair values. The fair values of the
loan portfolios for held for sale and held for investment are based on quoted
market prices or outstanding commitments from investors. If quoted market
prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of
similar loans sold in securitization transactions, adjusted for differences in
loan characteristics. The fair values of forward sale commitments are included
in the determination of the fair value of loans held for sale. The fair values
of demand deposits are, by definition, equal to the amount payable upon demand
at the reporting date. The fair value of time deposits are based upon the
discounted value of contractual cash flows, which is estimated using interest
rates currently being offered on certificates to a schedule of aggregated
expected periodic maturities on time deposits.
Mortgage servicing rights are not included in the tabular presentation, as
the investment does not directly affect interest income. As noted, however,
earnings from mortgage servicing rights directly correlate with market risk as
it relates to interest rate fluctuations. We mitigate this risk through both the
type of mortgage servicing rights acquired and hedging of mortgage servicing
rights. The loans underlying the servicing rights acquired tend to be more
seasoned and have lower principal balances. Management believes that the more
seasoned, lower balance servicing portfolios carry less prepayment risk than
less seasoned, higher balance mortgage servicing, because the cost savings of
refinancing a lower balance loan tend to be less than for a higher balance loan
with a comparable interest rate. We also believe that if a loan has been
outstanding for a period of time and has been through several declining interest
rate cycles without refinancing, the risk of prepayment in the future is less
than a newly originated loan. Although significantly increased in 1999 and 1998,
the prepayment percentages which we have experienced over the past three years
have been lower than experienced in the industry, as a whole. The prepayment
speeds for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997 were 20.6%, 22.6%
and 11.3%, respectively, during a primarily decreasing interest rate
environment. During the last quarter of 1999, as interest rates began to
increase, our prepayment speeds slowed significantly. In the 1999 table below,
prepayment speeds of 12% were used for all loan types to project expected cash
flows relating to loans held for investment, and in the 1998 table below,
prepayment speeds of 24% and 12% were used for residential and non-residential
loans, respectively. These assumptions are based on our historical prepayment
speeds, as well as our knowledge and experience in the market.
40
The Company's on balance sheet financial instruments for the period ended
December 31, 1999 were:
Expected Maturity Date - Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
There- Fair
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 after Total Value
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---------- ----------
(Dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Held for sale (1)(2):
Fixed-rate residential
loans............... $131,830 $ 91,413 $ 91,413 $ - $ - $ - $ 314,656 $ 316,241
Average interest rate. 8.60% 8.56% 8.56% -% -% -% 8.58%
Adjustable-rate
residential loans... $210,472 $209,606 $209,606 $ - $ - $ - $ 629,684 $ 632,873
Average interest rate. 7.55% 7.55% 7.55% -% -% -% 7.55%
Fixed-rate commercial
loans and leases.... $ 33,411 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 33,411 $ 33,411
Average interest rate. 11.35% -% -% -% -% -% 11.35%
Held for investment (2):
Fixed-rate residential
loans............... $ 598 $ 524 $ 459 $ 402 $ 352 $ 2,177 $ 4,512 $ 4,429
Average interest rate. 9.01% 9.01% 9.01% 9.01% 9.01% 9.01% 9.01%
Adjustable-rate
residential loans... $ 365 $ 319 $ 278 $ 243 $ 211 $ 1,248 $ 2,664 $ 2,616
Average interest
rate (3)........ 7.45% 7.45% 7.45% 7.45% 7.45% 7.45% 7.45%
Fixed-rate consumer
loans............... $ 3,256 $ 2,797 $ 2,394 $ - $ - $ - $ 8,447 $ 8,691
Average interest
rate (3)........ 10.17% 10.17% 10.17% -% -% -% 10.17%
Adjustable-rate
consumer loans...... $ 162 $ 142 $ 125 $ 109 $ 95 $ 402 $ 1,035 $ 1,064
Average interest
rate (3)........ 11.83% 11.83% 11.83% 11.83% 11.83% 11.83% 11.83%
Fixed-rate other loans. $ 11,851 $ 10,120 $ 8,611 $ 7,294 $ - $ - $ 37,876 $ 38,199
Average interest
rate (3)........ 8.84% 8.84% 8.84% 8.84% -% -% 8.84%
Adjustable-rate other
loans (4)(5)........ $ 27,587 $ 23,574 $ 20,069 $ - $ - $ - $ 71,230 $ 71,837
Average interest
rate (3)........ 9.45% 9.45% 9.45% -% -% -% 9.45%
Interest-earning deposits.$ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 13,172 $ 13,172 $ 13,172
Average interest rate. -% -% -% -% -% 4.77% 4.77%
Federal Home Loan Bank
Stock........... $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 22,414 $ 22,414 $ 22,414
Average interest rate. -% -% -% -% -% 5.75% 5.75%
Total interest-earning
assets.......... $419,532 $338,495 $332,955 $ 8,048 $ 658 $ 39,413 $1,139,101 $1,144,947
======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ========== ==========
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Passbook accounts........ $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 2,793 $ 2,793 $ 2,793
Average interest rate. -% -% -% -% -% 3.40% 3.40%
NOW accounts(6).......... $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 21,609 $ 21,609 $ 21,609
Average interest rate. -% -% -% -% -% 2.45% 2.45%
Money market accounts.... $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $141,641 $ 141,641 $ 141,641
Average interest rate. -% -% -% -% -% 2.56% 2.56%
Certificates of deposit
over $100,000... $ 11,179 $ 773 $ 1,032 $ 666 $ 223 $ - $ 13,873 $ 13,449
Average interest rate. 5.50% 5.91% 6.18% 5.89% 5.77% -% 5.59%
Brokered certificates of
deposit......... $221,510 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 221,510 $ 219,619
Average interest rate. 5.71% -% -% -% -% -% 5.71%
Other certificates of
deposit......... $112,544 $ 10,647 $ 9,432 $ 4,646 $ 2,321 $ - $ 139,590 $ 143,073
Average interest rate. 5.49% 5.61% 6.04% 5.79% 5.45% -% 5.54%
Federal Home Loan Bank
borrowings(7)... $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $405,000 $ 405,000 $ 405,067
Average interest rate. -% -% -% -% -% 5.64% 5.64%
Revolving borrowings..... $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 54,180 $ 54,180 $ 54,180
Average interest rate. -% -% -% -% -% 7.30% 7.30%
Team borrowings.......... $ 5,991 $ 13,877 $ 6,003 $ 5,962 $ 4,807 $ 51,281 $ 87,921 $ 87,921
Average interest rate. 7.56% 7.97% 7.29% 7.30% 7.31% 10.35% 9.20%
Total interest-bearing
liabilities..... $351,224 $ 25,297 $ 16,467 $ 11,274 $ 7,351 $676,504 $1,088,117 $1,089,352
======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== ========== ==========
__________
(1) Loans held for sale are assumed to mature within one year, as the intent
is to sell the loans.
(2) Balances are stated net of discounts and other deductions.
(3) For the fixed-rate loans held for investment, we computed a weighted average
interest rate and a weighted average maturity for the loan portfolio and
then applied a prepayment assumption of 12% in determining the cash flows.
The same approach was used for the adjustable-rate loans, which are
generally fully indexed loans.
(4) The adjustable-rate loans generally are indexed to the 1-year treasury.
However, included in the balance are loans indexed to 11th district cost of
funds, prime and 3,5 and 7-year treasury.
(5) Other consists of multi-family, commercial real estate, commercial
(including SBA), land and construction loans.
(6) Excludes noninterest-bearing demand deposits of approximately $21.2
million.
(7) See "--Short-term Borrowings" for additional discussion on the term of the
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings.
41
The Company's on balance sheet financial instruments for the period ended
December 31, 1998:
Expected Maturity Date - Fiscal Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------------------------------------------------
There- Fair
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 after Total Value
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
(Dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Held for sale (1)(2):
Fixed-rate residential loans....... $ 376,168 $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 376,168 $ 378,274
Average interest rate............ 8.29% --% --% --% --% --% 8.29%
Adjustable-rate residential loans.. $ 347,790 $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 347,790 $ 349,737
Average interest rate............ 7.90% --% --% --% --% --% 7.90%
Fixed-rate commercial loans
and leases...................... $ 30,268 $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 30,268 $ 30,268
Average interest rate............ 12.06% --% --% --% --% --% 12.06%
Held for investment(2):
Fixed-rate residential loans....... $ 541 $ 399 $ 293 $ 215 $ 156 $ 351 $ 1,955 $ 1,769
Average interest rate(3)......... 9.45% 9.45% 9.45% 9.45% 9.45% 9.45% 9.45%
Adjustable-rate residential
loans(4)...................... $ 995 $ 747 $ 559 $ 419 $ 314 $ 887 $ 3,921 $ 3,548
Average interest rate(3)......... 7.94% 7.94% 7.94% 7.94% 7.94% 7.94% 7.94%
Fixed-rate consumer loans.......... $ 3,272 $ 2,830 $ 2,441 $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 8,543 $ 9,149
Average interest rate(3)......... 11.11% 11.11% 11.11% --% --% --% 11.11%
Adjustable-rate consumer loans(4).. $ 111 $ 95 $ 82 $ 71 $ 61 $ 164 $ 584 $ 626
Average interest rate(3)......... 8.38% 8.38% 8.38% 8.38% 8.38% 8.38% 8.38%
Fixed-rate other loans(5).......... $ 8,929 $ 7,674 $ 6,576 $ 5,617 $ 4,778 $ -- $ 33,574 $ 33,644
Average interest rate(3)......... 9.37% 9.37% 9.37% 9.37% 9.37% --% 9.37%
Adjustable-rate other loans(4)(5).. $ 12,197 $ 10,456 $ 8,935 $ 7,607 $ 6,450 $ -- $ 45,645 $ 45,740
Average interest rate(3)......... 8.94% 8.94% 8.94% 8.94% 8.94% --% 8.94%
Interest-earning deposits............ $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 8,120 $ 8,120 $ 8,120
Average interest rate............ --% --% --% --% --% 4.40% 4.40%
Federal Home Loan Bank stock......... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 15,643 $ 15,643 $ 15,643
Average interest rate............ --% --% --% --% --% 5.75% 5.75%
Total interest-earning assets.... $ 780,271 $ 22,201 $ 18,886 $ 13,929 $ 11,759 $ 25,165 $ 872,211 $ 876,518
========= ========= ========= ========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Passbook accounts................... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 2,830 $ 2,830 $ 2,830
Average interest rate............ --% --% --% --% --% 3.44% 3.44%
NOW accounts(6)..................... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 19,506 $ 19,506 $ 19,506
Average interest rate............ --% --% --% --% --% 2.72% 2.72%
Money market accounts............... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 170,957 $ 170,957 $ 170,957
Average interest rate............ --% --% --% --% --% 3.42% 3.42%
Certificates of deposit over
$100,000....................... $ 7,999 $ 636 $ 322 $ 646 $ 661 $ -- $ 10,264 $ 10,383
Average interest rate............ 5.57% 6.33% 6.22% 6.44% 5.89% --% 5.71%
Brokered certificates of deposit... $ 148,676 $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 148,676 $ 148,907
Average interest rate............ 4.92% --% --% --% --% --% 4.92%
Other certificates of deposit...... $ 84,776 $ 14,037 $ 5,652 $ 6,126 $ 5,020 $ -- $ 115,611 $ 116,748
Average interest rate............ 5.54% 5.73% 5.87% 6.35% 5.76% --% 5.63%
Federal Home Loan Bank
borrowings(7).................. $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 168,000 $ 168,000 $ 171,544
Average interest rate............ --% --% --% --% --% 4.90% 4.90%
Revolving borrowings............... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 116,845 $ 116,845 $ 116,845
Average interest rate............ --% --% --% --% --% 6.60% 6.60%
Term borrowings................... $ 9,737 $ 8,625 $ 12,223 $ 4,997 $ 4,959 $ 21,403 $ 61,944 $ 61,944
Average interest rate............ 7.73% 7.48% 7.62% 7.77% 6.71% 11.17% 8.78%
Total interest-bearing
liabilities...................$ 251,188 $ 23,298 $ 18,197 $ 11,769 $ 10,640 $ 499,541 $ 814,633 $ 819,664
========= ========= ========= ========= ========= ========= ========= =========
__________
(1) Loans held for sale are assumed to mature within one year, as the intent
is to sell the loans.
(2) Balances are stated net of discounts and other deductions.
(3) For the fixed-rate loans held for investment, we computed a weighted
average interest rate and a weighted average maturity for the loan
portfolio and then applied a prepayment assumption of 24% to residential
loans and 12% to non-residential loans in determining the cash flows. The
same approach was used for the adjustable-rate loans, which are generally
fully indexed loans.
(4) The adjustable-rate loans generally are indexed to the 1-year treasury.
However, included in the balance are loans indexed to 11th district cost
of funds, prime and 3,5 and 7-year treasury.
(5) Other consists of multi-family, commercial real estate, commercial, land
and construction loans.
(6) Excludes noninterest-bearing demand deposits of approximately $22.7
million.
(7) See "--Short-term Borrowings" for additional discussion on the term of the
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings.
42
Short-term Borrowings. A primary function of asset and liability management
is to ensure adequate liquidity. In addition to cash and cash equivalents, we
rely heavily on short-term borrowing capabilities for liquidity and as a funding
vehicle. The primary sources for short-term borrowings are the Federal Home
Loan Bank for Matrix Bank and unaffiliated financial institutions for Matrix
Financial. See "Liquidity and Capital Resources."
The following table sets forth a summary of our short-term borrowings during
1999, 1998 and 1997 and as of the end of each such period:
Average Weighted Weighted
Amount Amount Maximum Average Average
Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding Interest Interest
at During the at any Rate During Rate at
Year End Year(1) Month End the Year Year End
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- --------
(Dollars in thousands)
At or for the year ended December 31, 1999:
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings(2)... $405,000 $175,619 $417,606 5.23% 5.64%
Revolving lines of credit.............. 28,205 49,762 73,878 6.38 6.71
Repurchase agreements.................. 3,156 7,157 12,467 10.11 8.67
Lease financing........................ 22,819 21,853 25,379 7.56 7.77
At or for the year ended December 31, 1998:
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings(3)... 168,000 159,381 271,000 5.37 4.90
Revolving lines of credit.............. 86,936 74,973 92,507 6.55 6.23
Repurchase agreements.................. 7,350 1,445 7,350 9.06 9.02
Lease financing........................ 22,559 9,304 22,559 7.32 7.27
At or for the year ended December 31, 1997:
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings...... 171,943 59,984 171,943 5.73 6.37
Revolving lines of credit.............. 48,338 43,762 57,710 6.99 7.07
Repurchase agreements.................. -- 1,564 3,437 11.26 -
_________
(1) Calculations are based on daily averages where available and monthly
averages otherwise.
(2) A total of $100.0 million of the Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings
outstanding at December 31, 1999 were borrowed under a short option advance
agreement with the Federal Home Loan Bank. These short option advance
borrowings have a term of ten years, but are callable by the Federal Home
Loan Bank beginning after a six-month or one year lock-out period depending
on the particular short option advance borrowing. After the expiration of
the lock-out period, the short option advance borrowings are callable at
three month intervals. If the Federal Home Loan Bank exercises its call
option on a short option advance borrowing, the Federal Home Loan Bank is
required to offer replacement funding to us at a market rate of interest
for the remaining term of the short option advance borrowing. The interest
rates on the short option advance borrowings ranged from 4.90% to 5.63% at
December 31, 1999 and their possible call dates varied from January 14,
2000 to December 26, 2000. Under the terms of the short option advance
agreement, we are not permitted to prepay or otherwise retire a callable
short option advance borrowing prior to the final maturity date.
Additionally, $1.5 million of the Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings
outstanding at December 31, 1999 are fixed-term/rate advances, which were
borrowed from the Federal Home Loan Bank to offset specific loans
originated by Matrix Bank. The principal amount of these fixed-term/rate
advances adjust monthly based on an amortization schedule. The interest
rate on the fixed-term/rate advances was 5.84% and their maturity date is
June 2, 2014.
(3) A total of $47.0 million of the Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings
outstanding at December 31, 1998 were borrowed under a short option advance
agreement with the Federal Home Loan Bank. The interest rates on the short
option advance borrowings ranged from 4.85% to 4.94% at December 31, 1998
and their possible call dates varied from January 15, 1999 to April 14,
1999.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity is our ability to generate funds to support asset growth, satisfy
disbursement needs, maintain reserve requirements and otherwise operate on an
ongoing basis. To date, our principal source of funding for our investing
activities has been:
. secured senior debt provided by unaffiliated financial institutions;
. the issuance of 10% preferred securities through Matrix Bancorp Capital
Trust I in July 1999;
. the issuance of 11.5% senior notes in September 1997;
. the issuance of senior subordinated notes in August 1995;
. a bank stock loan; and
. our initial public offering.
43
As of December 31, 1999, Matrix Bancorp had $59.6 million in indebtedness
outstanding. The borrowed funds have been used historically as capital
injections to Matrix Bank, Matrix Financial and ABS, as well as to acquire the
office building in Phoenix where Matrix Financial maintains its headquarters.
See "Properties."
On July 30, 1999, Matrix Bancorp Capital Trust I, a Delaware business trust
formed by Matrix Bancorp, completed the sale of $27.5 million of 10% preferred
securities. Matrix Bancorp Capital Trust I also issued common securities to
Matrix Bancorp and used the net proceeds from the offering to purchase $28.6
million in principal amount of 10% junior subordinated debentures of Matrix
Bancorp due September 30, 2029. The junior subordinated debentures are the sole
assets of Matrix Bancorp Capital Trust I and are eliminated, along with the
related income statement effects, in the consolidated financial statements. We
used the proceeds from the sale of the junior subordinated debentures to redeem
our outstanding senior subordinated notes due July 15, 2002, to make
contributions to Matrix Bank, Matrix Financial and ABS to fund their respective
operations, to redeem other higher interest rate indebtedness and for other
general corporate purposes. Total expenses associated with the offering of
approximately $1.5 million are included in other assets and are being amortized
on a straight-line basis over the life of the junior subordinated debentures.
The preferred securities accrue and pay distributions quarterly at an annual
rate of 10% of the stated liquidation amount of $25 per preferred security. We
have fully and unconditionally guaranteed all of the obligations of Matrix
Bancorp Capital Trust I under the preferred securities. The guarantee covers
the quarterly distributions and payments on liquidation or redemption of the
preferred securities, but only to the extent of funds held by Matrix Bancorp
Capital Trust I.
The preferred securities are mandatorily redeemable upon the maturity of the
junior subordinated debentures or upon earlier redemption as provided in the
indenture. We have the right to redeem the junior subordinated debentures, in
whole or in part on or after September 30, 2004, at a redemption price specified
in the indenture plus any accrued but unpaid interest to the redemption date.
See note 8 to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this
document. Under the indenture, we are prohibited from paying dividends on our
common stock if the scheduled payments on our junior debentures and trust
preferred securities have not been made.
On June 30, 1999, we amended our bank stock loan agreement. The amended bank
stock loan agreement has two components, a $10.0 million term loan and a
revolving line of credit of $10.0 million. As of December 31, 1999, the balance
of the term loan was $9.3 million and the balance of the revolving line of
credit was $1.8 million. The amended bank stock loan requires us to maintain:
. total shareholders' equity of the greater of $40.0 million or 90% of
actual net worth at the end of the most recent fiscal year, plus 50%
of cumulative net income after the end of the most recent fiscal year,
plus 90% of all contributions made to stockholders' equity after the
closing date; and
. total adjusted debt to net worth less than 4:1.
Additionally, the amended bank stock loan does not permit Matrix Bancorp to
declare or pay any cash dividends.
On September 29, 1997, we completed a registered debt offering of $20.0
million in senior notes due 2004, raising net proceeds of approximately $19.1
million. Interest on the senior notes of 11.5% is payable semi-annually on
March 31 and September 30 of each year, commenced on March 31, 1998, with a
balloon payment for the entire principal balance due in September 2004. The
11.5% senior notes require us to:
. maintain consolidated tangible equity capital of not less than $35
million; and
. meet the requirements necessary such that Matrix Bank will not be
classified as other than ''well capitalized'' as defined by applicable
regulatory guidelines.
Additionally, the 11.5% senior notes contain other covenants regarding certain
restricted payments, incurrence of indebtedness and issuance of preferred stock,
liens, merger, consolidation or sale of assets and transactions with affiliates.
Under the conditions of the 11.5% senior notes, we may not incur any additional
indebtedness if the consolidated leverage ratio exceeds 2:1, and we may not
declare or pay cash dividends unless at the time of and after giving effect to
such dividend:
. no default shall have occurred and be continuing or would occur as a
consequence thereof;
44
. after giving effect to the payment of such dividend, we would be
permitted to incur at least $1.00 of additional indebtedness pursuant
to the 2:1 consolidated leverage ratio described above; and
. such dividend, together with the aggregate amount of all restricted
payments made, is less than 25% of our aggregate consolidated net
income for the period beginning on October 1, 1997 and ending on the
date of our most recent quarter plus 100% of the net cash proceeds we
received from the issuance of equity interests.
As of December 31, 1999, under the foregoing test, we would be entitled to
declare and pay dividends of approximately $5,593,000, although we have no
present intent to do so, as distributions are not permitted under our bank stock
loan.
In August 1995, we issued $2.9 million in aggregate principal amount of
senior subordinated notes. Interest on the senior subordinated notes was payable
semi-annually on January 15 and July 15, and the senior subordinated notes were
to mature on July 15, 2002. Until February 1997, the senior subordinated notes
bore interest at 13% per annum. In February 1997, the annual rate increased to
14% per annum. In July 1999, Matrix Bancorp made the first of four scheduled
mandatory redemptions of $727,500, or 25% of the senior subordinated notes. We
were entitled to redeem the senior subordinated notes, in whole or in part, at
any time on or after July 15, 1999 at a redemption price equal to par, plus all
accrued but unpaid interest. In September 1999, we redeemed the remaining
balance of $2.2 million at par plus accrued interest.
The trend of net cash used by our operating activities experienced over the
reported periods results primarily from the growth that Matrix Bank has
experienced in its residential loan purchasing activity. We anticipate the
trend of a net use of cash from operations to continue for the foreseeable
future. This anticipation results from the expected continued growth at Matrix
Bank, which we believe will consist primarily of increased activity in the
purchasing of loan and mortgage servicing portfolios. However, due to liquidity
and capital availability, we do not anticipate growth to be as significant as in
prior periods.
Matrix Bank's primary source of funds for use in lending, purchasing bulk
loan portfolios, investing and other general purposes are:
. retail deposits;
. trust deposits;
. custodial escrow balances;
. brokered deposits;
. Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings;
. sales of loan portfolios and mortgage servicing rights; and
. proceeds from principal and interest payments on loans.
Contractual loan payments and net deposit inflows are a generally predictable
source of funds, while loan prepayments and loan sales are significantly
influenced by general market interest rates and economic conditions. Borrowings
on a short-term basis are used as a cash management vehicle to compensate for
seasonal or other reductions in normal sources of funds. Matrix Bank utilizes
advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank as its primary source for borrowings.
At December 31, 1999, Matrix Bank had borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank
of $405.0 million. The custodial escrow balances held by Matrix Bank fluctuate
based upon the mix and size of the related mortgage servicing rights portfolios
and the timing of payments for taxes and insurance, as well as the level of
prepayments which occur. For a tabular presentation of the our short-term
borrowings, see "Asset and Liability Management--Short-term Borrowings."
Matrix Bank offers a variety of deposit accounts having a range of interest
rates and terms. Matrix Bank's retail deposits principally consist of demand
deposits and certificates of deposit. The flow of deposits is influenced
significantly by general economic conditions, changes in prevailing interest
rates and competition. Matrix Bank's retail deposits are obtained primarily
from areas in which it is located and, therefore, its retail deposits are
concentrated primarily in Las Cruces and Sun City. Matrix Bank relies
principally on customer service, marketing programs and its relationships with
customers to attract and retain these deposits. Beginning in February 1998,
brokered deposits were accepted and have been utilized to support growth at
Matrix Bank. In pricing deposit rates, management considers profitability, the
matching of term lengths with assets,
45
the attractiveness to customers and rates offered by competitors. Matrix Bank
intends to continue its efforts to attract deposits as a primary source of funds
to support its lending and investing activities.
In February 1997, Sterling Trust moved approximately $80.0 million of
fiduciary deposits from a third party institution to Matrix Bank. Additionally,
pursuant to a merger termination agreement, Fidelity National Financial, Inc.,
through its subsidiaries, moved approximately $47.1 million of fiduciary
deposits to Matrix Bank during the fourth quarter of 1998. At December 31,
1999, the balance of the Fidelity deposits was $1.1 million. The following
table sets forth the average balances for each major category of Matrix Bank's
deposit accounts and the weighted-average interest rates paid for interest-
bearing deposits for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
----------------------- ---------------------- -----------------------
Weighted Weighted Weighted
Average Average Average Average Average Average
Balance Rate Balance Rate Balance Rate
--------- -------- -------- -------- ------- --------
(Dollars in thousands)
Passbook accounts........... $ 2,758 3.48% $ 2,859 3.58% $ 2,859 3.95%
NOW accounts................ 24,038 2.50 17,586 2.97 23,837 3.34
Money market accounts....... 189,154 3.04 124,796 3.13 73,145 3.39
Time deposits
(except brokered)......... 131,054 5.45 108,107 5.79 83,993 5.94
Brokered deposits........... 156,293 5.11 103,485 5.25 -- --
--------- ---- -------- ---- -------- ----
Total deposits........ $ 503,297 4.29% $356,833 4.37% $183,834 4.56%
========= ==== ======== ==== ======== ====
The following table sets forth the amount of Matrix Bank's certificates of
deposit that are greater than $100,000 by time remaining until maturity as of
December 31, 1999:
As of December 31, 1999
-------------------------------
Weighted
Average
Amount Rate Paid
-------- ---------
(Dollars in thousands)
Three months or less........................................ $ 2,084 5.13%
Over three months through six months........................ 2,951 5.26
Over six months through twelve months....................... 6,144 5.73
Over twelve months.......................................... 2,694 5.99
-------- ----
Total.................................................... $ 13,873 5.59%
======== ====
We actively monitor Matrix Bank's compliance with regulatory capital
requirements. Historically, Matrix Bank has increased its core capital through
the retention of a portion of its earnings. Matrix Bank's future growth is
expected to be achieved through deposit growth, brokered deposits, borrowings
from the Federal Home Loan Bank and custodial deposits from affiliates. We
anticipate that such growth will require additional capital. The capital
requirements related to the anticipated growth will in part be fulfilled through
retention of earnings, potentially increasing our bank stock loan and future
possible debt or equity offerings.
Our principal source of funding for our servicing acquisition activities
consists of a line of credit facility provided to Matrix Financial by an
unaffiliated financial institution. As of December 31, 1999, Matrix Financial's
servicing acquisition facility aggregated $45.0 million, of which $15.1 million
was available to be utilized after deducting drawn amounts. Borrowings under
the servicing acquisition lines of credit are secured by mortgage servicing
rights owned by Matrix Financial, bear interest at the federal funds rate plus a
negotiated margin and are due at the earlier of the maturity of the mortgage
servicing rights or amortized over five to six years from the date of borrowing.
At December 31, 1999, $28.1 million was outstanding under the servicing
acquisition line and the interest rate on funds outstanding under this facility
at December 31, 1999 was 7.30%.
Our principal source of funding for our loan origination business consists
of a warehouse line of credit provided to Matrix Financial and a sale/repurchase
facility provided to Matrix Financial and ABS by unaffiliated financial
institutions. As of December 31, 1999, Matrix Financial's warehouse line of
credit facility aggregated $120.0 million, of which $94.1 million was available
to be utilized. At December 31, 1999, $25.9 million was outstanding under the
warehouse line at a weighted average interest rate of 6.58%. Borrowings under
the warehouse line of credit are secured by all of the mortgage loans funded
with warehouse loan proceeds and bear interest at the federal funds rate plus a
negotiated margin. The sale/repurchase facility
46
provided to Matrix Financial and ABS houses mortgage loans and direct financing
leases. As of December 31, 1999, the sale/repurchase facility was $25.0 million,
with $11.5 million outstanding at a weighted average interest rate of 8.67%.
Borrowings under the sale/repurchase facility are secured by all of the mortgage
loans and direct financing leases funded with sale/repurchase facility proceeds
and bear interest at the higher of the prime rate or the LIBOR rate plus a
negotiated margin on the loans and 8.00% on the direct lease financing.
Our principal source of funding for the working capital needs of Matrix
Financial consists of working capital facilities provided to Matrix Financial by
an unaffiliated financial institution. As of December 31, 1999, Matrix
Financial's working capital facilities aggregated $10.0 million, of which $9.5
million was available. Borrowings under the working capital facilities are
secured by mortgage servicing rights, eligible servicing advance receivables and
eligible delinquent mortgage loans and bear interest at the federal funds rate
plus a negotiated margin. At December 31, 1999, $541,000 was outstanding under
the working capital facilities at an interest rate of 6.80%.
During 1999 and 1998, the Company placed tax-exempt direct financing leases
it originated to charter schools into several grantor trusts. The trusts then
issued Class "A" Certificates and Class "B" Certificates, with the Class "A"
Certificates being sold under a private placement at a price of par.
The "A" Certificates are guaranteed by a letter of credit issued by the
Guarantor, which is a third party investment bank, and the underlying leases.
The "A" Certificates' interest rate may be determined weekly, monthly or for a
term for up to one year. The interest rate and the term of the interest rate
are determined by the Remarking Agent, which is also the investment bank.
Generally, the trusts are short-term in nature with an average life of one year
or less.
The "B" Certificates are owned in part by the Company and in part by the
investment bank. The interest rate paid on the "A" Certificates and the "B"
Certificates owned by the investment bank is considered the Company's financing
cost. The approximate cost of the financing at December 31, 1999 and 1998 was
7.63% and 6.88%, respectively. The interest that the Company receives through
its part ownership of the "B" Certificates is tax-exempt.
Although the investment bank acts as the Guarantor to the "A" Certificates,
the Company provides full recourse to the investment bank in all cases of loss
or default. Due to the nature of the recourse and the ability of the "A"
Certificate holders to put the certificates to the trusts, the transactions have
been treated as a financing.
Matrix Bank is restricted from paying dividends to Matrix Bancorp due to
certain regulatory requirements. Matrix Financial is restricted from paying
dividends to Matrix Bancorp under its second amended and restated loan
agreement. Under this loan agreement, Matrix Financial is limited to:
. dividends payable solely in the form of capital stock;
. cash dividends to Matrix Bancorp in an amount not to exceed 50% of Matrix
Financial's net cash income for the current fiscal year so long as no
default or potential default exists or would be created by the dividend;
or
. dividends otherwise approved in writing by the agent.
At December 31, 1999, we were in compliance with all debt covenants. See "The
Company--Regulation and Supervision."
In June 1996, we purchased 154 acres of land for $1.3 million in cash for the
purpose of developing 750 residential and multi-family lots in Ft. Lupton,
Colorado. As part of the acquisition, we entered into a planned unit
development agreement with the City of Ft. Lupton. The planned unit development
agreement is a residential and golf course development agreement providing for
the orderly planning, engineering and development of a golf course and
surrounding residential community. The City of Ft. Lupton was responsible for
the development of the golf course, and we are responsible for the development
of the surrounding residential lots and certain off-site infrastructure,
estimated at $1.2 million. The planned unit development agreement also provides
for the rebate of certain development fees, infrastructure fees and storm
drainage fees from the City of Ft. Lupton to us, estimated at $1.6 million, as
recoupment for the off-site infrastructure.
Under the planned unit development agreement, we are obligated to secure
future payment to the City of Ft. Lupton of pledged golf course enhancement fees
of $600,000. These pledged enhancement fees require successor homebuilders to
pay the City of Ft. Lupton a $2,000 golf course enhancement fee with the
issuance of each building permit. In the event that less than 30 permits are
issued per year, we are obligated to pay the balance of $60,000 in assessment
fees per year beginning in the year 1998 through the year 2007. We have to date
posted a $300,000 letter of credit to secure those referenced enhancement fees
and $120,000 has been paid to the city of Ft. Lupton on assessment fees through
December 31, 1999. Our
47
current investment in the project is $3.9 million, and presently, Kaufman and
Broad Homes of Colorado are building single-family homes in the project's first
phase.
We may obtain a loan from an unaffiliated financial institution for a portion
of the future development costs, as needed.
Inflation and Changing Prices
The consolidated financial statements and related data presented in this
document have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles, which require the measurement of financial position and operating
results in terms of historical dollars without considering changes in the
relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. Unlike most
industrial companies, substantially all of our assets and liabilities are
monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates have a more significant impact
on our performance than the effects of general levels of inflation. Interest
rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or in the same magnitude as
prices of goods and services. We disclose the estimated fair market value of
our financial instruments in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 107. See note 15 to the consolidated financial statements
included elsewhere in this document.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1999, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement No.
137, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Deferral of
the Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 133. This Statement defers the
effective date of Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and
Hedging Activities to all fiscal quarters of all fiscal years beginning after
June 15, 2000. Statement No. 133 standardizes the accounting for derivative
instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other
contracts, by recognition of those items as assets or liabilities in the
statement of financial position and measurement at fair value. On March 3, 2000,
the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued an exposure draft entitled
Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities -an
Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133. The Company expects to adopt Statement No.
133 effective January 1, 2001. The impact of Statement No. 133 and any related
amendments on the Company's financial position and results of operations has not
yet been determined.
Year 2000
In prior years, we discussed the nature and progress of our plans to become
Year 2000 ready. In late 1999, we completed our remediation and testing of
systems. As a result of those planning and implementation efforts, we
experienced no significant disruptions in mission critical information
technology and non-information technology systems and believe those systems
successfully responded to the Year 2000 date change. We expensed approximately
$210,000 during 1999 in connection with remediating our systems, with no
significant Year 2000 expenses incurred in the fourth quarter of 1999. We are
not aware of any material problems resulting from Year 2000 issues, either with
our services, our internal systems, or the products and services of third
parties. We will continue to monitor our mission critical computer applications
and those of our suppliers and vendors throughout the year 2000 to ensure that
any latent Year 2000 matters that may arise are addressed promptly.
Forward Looking Statements
Certain statements contained in this annual report that are not historical
facts, including, but not limited to, statements that can be identified by the
use of forward-looking terminology such as "may," "will," "expect,"
"anticipate," "predict," "believe," "plan," "estimate" or "continue" or the
negative thereof or other variations thereon or comparable terminology, are
forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and involve a number of risks and uncertainties.
The actual results of the future events described in such forward-looking
statements in this annual report could differ materially from those stated in
such forward-looking statements. Among the factors that could cause actual
results to differ materially are: third party claims or actions in relation to
the ongoing or future bankruptcies filed by persons or entities such as MCA
Mortgage Corp. or Harbor Financial Mortgage Corporation; interest rate
fluctuations; level of delinquencies; defaults and prepayments; general economic
conditions; competition; government regulation; possible future litigation; the
actions or inactions of third parties (particularly of third party sources upon
whom the Company is relying in connection with Year 2000 issues); unanticipated
developments in connection with the design, implementation or completion of the
Company's Year 2000 Plan (including, without limitation, the resignation or
removal of the Company's Year 2000 Director, or any other key employees
responsible for the Year 2000 Plan, or the misrepresentation by a third party
source upon whom the Company is dependent as to the status of their Year 2000
readiness, progress or compliance); the risks and uncertainties discussed
elsewhere in this annual report and in the Company's current report on Form 8-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 23, 2000; and the
uncertainties set forth from time to time in the Company's periodic reports,
filings and other public statements.
48
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
----------------------------------------------------------
See Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations - Asset and Liability Management - Risk Sensitive Assets
and Liabilities" and Item 1. "Business - Mortgage Bank Activities - Hedging of
Servicing Rights."
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
-------------------------------------------
See Index to Financial Statements on page F-1.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure
---------------------------------------------------------------
Not Applicable.
PART III
Items 10 through 13.
The information for these items is incorporated from the definitive proxy
statement to be filed with the Commission.
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K
----------------------------------------------------------------
(a) (1) and (a) (2) Financial statements and financial statement schedules
See Index to Financial Statements on page F-1.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
None.
(c) Exhibits
See Exhibit Index, beginning on page II-1.
(d) Financial Statement Schedules
None.
49
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on the 30th day of March,
2000.
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
By: /s/ Guy A. Gibson
-------------------
Guy A. Gibson
President and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signatures Title Date
---------- ----- ----
/s/ Guy A. Gibson President, Chief Executive March 30, 2000
--------------------- Officer and a Director
Guy A. Gibson (Principal Executive Officer)
/s/Richard V. Schmitz Chairman of the Board March 30, 2000
---------------------
Richard V. Schmitz
/s/ D. Mark Spencer Vice Chairman and Director March 30, 2000
---------------------
D. Mark Spencer
/s/ Thomas M. Piercy Director March 30, 2000
---------------------
Thomas M. Piercy
/s/ David W. Kloos Senior Vice President, Chief March 30, 2000
--------------------- Financial Officer and a Director
David W. Kloos (Principal Accounting and
Financial Officer)
/s/ Stephen Skiba Director March 30, 2000
---------------------
Stephen Skiba
/s/ David A. Frank Director March 30, 2000
---------------------
David A. Frank
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
3.1 /// Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant (3.1)
3.2 + Bylaws, as amended, of the Registrant (3.2)
4.1 ++ Indenture by and among the Registrant and First Trust National Association, as trustee,
relating to 11.50% Senior Notes due 2004 (4.1)
4.2 + Specimen certificate for Common Stock of the Registrant (4.1)
4.3 +@ Amended and Restated 1996 Stock Option Plan (4.2)
4.4 //@ Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended (4.4)
4.5 + Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant by and between the Registrant and Piper Jaffray,
Inc. (4.4)
4.6 + Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant by and between the Registrant and Keefe, Bruyette &
Woods, Inc. (4.5)
4.7 % Indenture by and among the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, as trustee,
relating to the 10% Junior Subordinated Debentures due 2029 (4.7)
4.8 % Form of Junior Subordinated Debentures (4.8)
4.9 % Certificate of Trust of Matrix Bancorp Capital Trust I (4.9)
4.10 % Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of Matrix Bancorp Capital
Trust I (4.10)
4.11 % Preferred Security Certificate for Matrix Bancorp Capital Trust I (4.11)
4.12 % Preferred Securities Guarantee Agreement of the Company relating to the Preferred
Securities (4.12)
4.13 % Agreement as to the Expenses and Liabilities (4.13)
10.1 +@ Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of January 1, 1996, by and between the Registrant
and David Kloos (10.4)
10.2 +@ Employment Agreement, dated as of January 1, 1995, between Matrix Capital Bank and Gary
Lenzo and as amended January 1, 1996 (10.5)
10.3 + Mortgage Loan Purchase and Servicing Agreement, dated as of August 1, 1993, by and between
Argo Federal Savings Bank, FSB, and Matrix Financial Services Corporation (10.11)
10.4 + Assignment and Assumption Agreement, dated as of June 28, 1996, by and among Mariano C.
DeCola, William M. Howdon, R. James Nicholson and Matrix Funding Corp. (10.30)
10.5 + Development Management Agreement, dated as of June 28, 1996, by and among Fort Lupton,
L.L.C. and Matrix Funding Corp. (10.31)
10.6 /// Coyote Creek Planned Unit Development Agreement, dated as of July 1, 1998, by and among
Fort Lupton, L.L.C. and Matrix Funding Corp. (10.12)
10.7 *@ Employment Agreement Addendum of Gary Lenzo, dated December 14, 1999
10.8 * Promissory Note, dated as of January 31, 2000, from D. Mark Spencer, as maker, to the
Registrant, as payee
10.9 + Fort Lupton Golf Course Residential and Planned Unit Development Agreement, dated as of
November 28, 1995 (10.36)
10.10 + Loan Agreement, dated as of June 21, 1996, by and between Matrix Funding Corporation and
The First Security Bank (10.41)
10.11 + Loan Agreement, dated July 10, 1992, by and between American Strategic Income Portfolio
Inc. and Matrix Financial Services Corporation (10.45)
10.12 + Promissory Note, dated as of July 10, 1992, by Matrix Financial Services Corporation, as
maker, to American Strategic Income Portfolio, Inc., as payee (10.46)
10.13 / Revolving Subordinated Loan Agreement, dated as of October 18, 1996, by and between Matrix
Financial Services Corporation and the Registrant (10.31)
10.14 ** Deed of Trust, Security Agreement, Assignment of Leases and Rents and Fixture Filing,
dated as of March 25, 1999, between Registrant, as trustor, Sidney N. Mendelsohn, Jr., as
trustee, and The Ohio National Life Insurance Company, as beneficiary (10.9)
10.15 ** Promissory Note Secured by Deed of Trust, dated as of March 25, 1999, between Registrant,
as maker, to The Ohio National Life Insurance Company, as holder (10.10)
10.16 *** Second Amended and Restated Loan Agreement, dated as of July 30, 1999, by and between
Matrix Financial Services Corporation, as borrower, and Bank One, Texas, N.A., as agent,
and certain lenders, as lenders (10.1)
10.17 *** Second Amended and Restated Guaranty, dated as of July 30, 1999, from the Registrant to
Bank One, Texas, N.A., as agent (10.2)
10.18 /@ Employment Agreement, dated as of February 4, 1997, by and between the Registrant and Paul
Skretny (10.38)
10.19 / Credit Agreement, dated as of March 12, 1997, by and between Matrix Capital Corporation,
as borrower, and Bank One, Texas, N.A., as agent, and certain lenders, as lenders (10.39)
II-1
10.20 / Guaranty Form, dated as of March 12, 1997, from each of the Registrant's significant
subsidiaries to Bank One, Texas, N.A., as agent (10.42)
10.21 # Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of September 23, 1997, between Matrix
Capital Corporation, as borrower, and Bank One, Texas, N.A., as agent, and certain
lenders, as lenders (10.1)
10.22 # Third Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of March 12, 1998, between Matrix Capital
Corporation, as borrower, and Bank One, Texas, N.A., as agent, and certain lenders, as
lenders (10.2)
10.23 ## Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of June 29, 1998, between Matrix Capital
Corporation, as borrower, and Bank One, Texas, N.A., as agent, and certain lenders, as
lenders (10.1)
10.24 /// Fifth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of November 12, 1998, between Matrix Capital
Corporation, as borrower, and Bank One, Texas, N.A., as agent, and certain lenders, as
lenders (10.54)
10.25 /// Sixth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of January 29, 1999, between Matrix Capital
Corporation, as borrower, and Bank One, Texas, N.A., as agent, and certain lenders, as
lenders (10.55)
10.26 ** Seventh Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of June 30, 1999, between Matrix
Bancorp, Inc., as borrower, Bank One, Texas, N.A., as existing and resigning agent, and
U.S. Bank National Association, as successor agent for lenders (10.1)
10.27 // Agreement, dated October 1, 1997, with T. Allen McConnell (10.37)
10.28 +++ Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of March 25, 1998, among Fidelity National
Financial, Inc., MCC Merger, Inc. and Matrix Capital Corporation (99.2)
10.29 ### Merger Termination Agreement between Matrix Capital Corporation, Fidelity National
Financial, Inc., and MCC Merger Sub, Inc., dated August 28, 1998 (10.1)
10.30 * Promissory Note, dated as of January 31, 2000, from Thomas P. Cronin, as maker, to the
Registrant, as payee
10.31 * Promissory Note, dated as of February 7, 2000, from Thomas M. Piercy, as maker, to the
Registrant, as payee
10.32 * Amendment of Employment Agreement dated as of February 4, 1997, dated as of February 4,
2000, by and between Registrant and Paul E. Skretny
12 * Statement Re: Computations of Ratios
21 * Subsidiaries of the Registrant
23 * Consent of Ernst & Young LLP
27 * Financial Data Schedule
__________________________
* Filed herewith
+ Incorporated by reference from the exhibit number shown in parenthesis from
the Registrant's registration statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-10223), filed
by the Registrant with the Commission.
++ Incorporated by reference from the exhibit number shown in parenthesis from
the Registrant's registration statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-34977), filed
by the Registrant with the Commission.
+++ Incorporated by reference from the exhibit number shown in parenthesis from
the Registrant's report on Form 8-K, filed by the Registrant with the
Commission on April 8, 1998.
/ Incorporated by reference from the exhibit number shown in parenthesis from
the Registrant's annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 1996, filed by the Registrant with the Commission.
// Incorporated by reference from the exhibit number shown in parenthesis from
the Registrant's annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 1997, filed by the Registrant with the Commission.
/// Incorporated by reference from the exhibit number shown in parenthesis from
the Registrant's annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 1998, filed by the Registrant with the Commission.
# Incorporated by reference from the exhibit number shown in parenthesis from
the Registrant's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March
31, 1998, filed by the Registrant with the Commission.
## Incorporated by reference from the exhibit number shown in parenthesis from
the Registrant's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June
30, 1998, filed by the Registrant with the Commission.
II-2
### Incorporated by reference from the exhibit number shown in parenthesis from
the Registrant's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 30, 1998, filed by the Registrant with the Commission.
** Incorporated by reference from the exhibit number shown in parenthesis from
the Registrant's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June
30, 1999, filed by the Registrant with the Commission.
*** Incorporated by reference from the exhibit number shown in parenthesis from
the Registrant's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 30, 1999, filed by the Registrant with the Commission.
% Incorporated by reference from the exhibit number shown in parenthesis from
the Registrant's registration statement on Form S-1/A (No. 333-79731),
filed by the Registrant with the Commission.
@ Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
II-3
Consolidated Financial Statements
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
December 31, 1999
Index to Financial Statements
Consolidated Financial Statements of Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Report of Independent Auditors...............................................F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets -
December 31, 1999 and 1998................................................F-3
Consolidated Statements of Income - for the years ended
December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997..........................................F-4
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity - for the
years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997..............................F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - for the years
ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997....................................F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - December 31, 1999...............F-7
F-1
Report of Independent Auditors
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Matrix Bancorp,
Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1999 and 1998, and the related
consolidated statements of income, shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1999. These financial
statements are the responsibility of Matrix Bancorp, Inc.'s management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted
in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free
of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Matrix Bancorp,
Inc. and subsidiaries at December 31, 1999 and 1998, and the consolidated
results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in
the period ended December 31, 1999 in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States.
Phoenix, Arizona
March 20, 2000 /s/ Ernst & Young LLP
F-2
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Dollars in thousands)
December 31
1999 1998
---------- ----------
ASSETS
Cash $ 13,437 $ 18,665
Interest-earning deposits 13,172 8,120
Loans held for sale, net 977,751 754,226
Loans held for investment, net 125,764 94,222
Mortgage servicing rights, net 63,479 57,662
Other receivables 44,933 40,018
Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas stock 22,414 15,643
Premises and equipment, net 10,817 10,328
Other assets 11,979 13,271
---------- ----------
Total assets $1,283,746 $1,012,155
========== ==========
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Liabilities:
Deposits $ 562,194 $ 490,516
Custodial escrow balances 94,206 96,824
Drafts payable 3,070 5,423
Payable for purchase of mortgage servicing rights 3,163 12,103
Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas borrowings 405,000 168,000
Borrowed money 114,601 178,789
Guaranteed preferred beneficial interests in company's 10 percent junior
subordinated debentures 27,500 --
Other liabilities 11,756 10,798
Income taxes payable 1,759 348
---------- ----------
Total liabilities 1,223,249 962,801
Commitments and contingencies
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred stock, par value $.0001; authorized 5,000,000 shares; no shares
outstanding
Common stock, par value $.0001; authorized 50,000,000 shares; issued and
outstanding 6,759,241 and 6,723,911 shares at December 31, 1999 and 1998,
respectively 1 1
Additional paid in capital 22,780 22,416
Retained earnings 37,716 26,937
---------- ----------
Total shareholders' equity 60,497 49,354
---------- ----------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $1,283,746 $1,012,155
========== ==========
See accompanying notes.
F-3
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Income
(Dollars in thousands except per share information)
Year Ended December 31
1999 1998 1997
--------- --------- ---------
Interest income
Loans $72,355 $59,452 $31,096
Interest-earning deposits 1,395 1,242 1,053
--------- --------- ---------
Total interest income 73,750 60,694 32,149
Interest expense
Savings and time deposits 15,233 11,789 5,098
Demand and money market deposits 6,356 4,432 3,278
Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas borrowings 9,184 8,554 3,435
Borrowed money 13,514 11,729 6,450
--------- --------- ---------
Total interest expense 44,287 36,504 18,261
--------- --------- ---------
Net interest income before provision for loan and valuation losses 29,463 24,190 13,888
Provision for loan and valuation losses 3,180 4,607 874
--------- --------- ---------
Net interest income after provision for loan and valuation losses 26,283 19,583 13,014
Noninterest income
Loan administration 23,686 17,411 16,007
Brokerage 6,156 7,054 3,921
Trust services 4,840 4,169 3,561
Asset disposition services 3,659 2,036 1,121
Gain on sale of loans 3,247 3,108 2,441
Gain on sale of mortgage servicing rights 363 803 3,365
Loan origination 6,218 5,677 4,694
Other 12,191 6,487 2,919
--------- --------- ---------
Total noninterest income 60,360 46,745 38,029
Noninterest expense
Compensation and employee benefits 29,336 22,194 14,724
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights 16,403 10,563 6,521
Occupancy and equipment 3,727 3,059 2,132
Postage and communication 2,688 2,393 1,522
Professional fees 2,385 1,439 976
Data processing 1,688 1,344 843
Losses related to recourse sales -- -- 1,237
Other general and administrative 13,359 11,947 9,791
--------- --------- ---------
Total noninterest expense 69,586 52,939 37,746
--------- --------- ---------
Income before income taxes 17,057 13,389 13,297
Provision for income taxes 6,278 4,876 5,159
--------- --------- ---------
Net income $10,779 $8,513 $8,138
========= ========= =========
Net income per common share $1.60 $1.27 $1.22
========= ========= =========
Net income per common share - assuming dilution $1.58 $1.24 $1.20
========= ========= =========
Weighted average common shares 6,728,211 6,704,991 6,681,269
========= ========= =========
Weighted average common shares - assuming dilution 6,833,546 6,881,890 6,781,808
========= ========= =========
See accompanying notes.
F-4
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity
(Dollars in thousands)
Common Stock Additional
------------------------- Paid In Retained
Shares Amount Capital Earnings Total
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 1996 6,681,031 $ 1 $ 21,983 $ 10,286 $ 32,270
Issuance of stock related to employee
stock purchase plan and options 22,849 -- 202 -- 202
Net income -- -- -- 8,138 8,138
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 1997 6,703,880 1 22,185 18,424 40,610
Issuance of stock related to employee
stock purchase plan and options 20,031 -- 231 -- 231
Net income -- -- -- 8,513 8,513
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 1998 6,723,911 1 22,416 26,937 49,354
Issuance of stock related to employee
stock purchase plan and options 35,330 -- 364 -- 364
Net income -- -- -- 10,779 10,779
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 1999 6,759,241 $ 1 $ 22,780 $ 37,716 $ 60,497
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
See accompanying notes.
F-5
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Dollars in thousands)
Year Ended December 31
1999 1998 1997
--------- --------- ---------
Operating activities
Net income $ 10,779 $ 8,513 $ 8,138
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used by
operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 4,424 2,519 1,382
Provision for loan and valuation losses 3,180 4,607 874
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights 16,403 10,563 6,521
Deferred income taxes (391) 48 (2)
Gain on sale of loans (3,247) (3,108) (2,441)
Gain on sale of mortgage servicing rights (363) (803) (3,365)
Losses related to recourse sales -- -- 1,237
Loans originated for sale, net of loans sold 69,722 (76,544) (18,800)
Loans purchased for sale (701,952) (678,150) (493,693)
Proceeds from sale of loans purchased for sale 192,722 319,430 198,010
Originated mortgage servicing rights, net (1,514) 24 (818)
Increase in other receivables and other assets (6,796) (23,743) (13,279)
Increase in other liabilities and income taxes payable 2,369 1,935 2,668
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash used by operating activities (414,664) (434,709) (313,568)
Investing activities
Loans originated and purchased for investment (118,327) (82,547) (56,793)
Principal repayments on loans 303,026 176,520 73,908
Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas stock (6,771) (6,943) (5,829)
Purchases of premises and equipment (2,615) (3,028) (2,295)
Hedging of servicing portfolio, net (3,257) 321 164
Acquisition of mortgage servicing rights (28,694) (31,388) (36,535)
Proceeds from sale of mortgage servicing rights 2,827 5,160 19,817
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities 146,189 58,095 (7,563)
Financing activities
Net increase in deposits 71,678 265,534 134,803
Net (decrease) increase in custodial escrow balances (2,618) 43,064 15,879
Increase in revolving lines and repurchase agreements, net 174,334 64,564 137,527
Payments of notes payable (31,890) (64,539) (34,347)
Proceeds from notes payable 33,395 85,078 45,148
Proceeds from senior notes, net -- -- 19,100
Payment of financing arrangements (117) (166) (157)
Payment of subordinated debt (2,910) -- --
Proceeds from junior subordinated debentures 26,063 -- --
Proceeds from issuance of common stock related to employee stock purchase plan
and options 364 231 202
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by financing activities 268,299 393,766 318,155
--------- --------- ---------
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents (176) 17,152 (2,976)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year 26,785 9,633 12,609
--------- --------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year $ 26,609 $ 26,785 $ 9,633
========= ========= =========
Supplemental disclosure of noncash activity
Payable for purchase of mortgage servicing rights $ 3,163 $ 12,103 $ 8,660
========= ========= =========
Drafts payable $ 3,070 $ 5,423 $ 7,506
========= ========= =========
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash paid for interest expense $ 41,139 $ 34,547 $ 17,379
========= ========= =========
Cash paid for income taxes $ 5,248 $ 4,664 $ 6,019
========= ========= =========
See accompanying notes.
F-6
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 1999
1. Organization
Matrix Bancorp, Inc. (Company) is a unitary thrift holding company that, through
its subsidiaries, is a diversified financial services company. In December 1998,
the Company changed its name to "Matrix Bancorp, Inc." from Matrix Capital
Corporation. The Company's operations are conducted primarily through Matrix
Capital Bank (Matrix Bank), Matrix Financial Services Corporation (Matrix
Financial), United Financial, Inc. (United Financial), United Special Services,
Inc. (USS) and Sterling Trust Company (Sterling), all of which are wholly owned.
Matrix Bank, a federally chartered savings and loan association, serves its
local communities of Las Cruces, New Mexico and Phoenix, Arizona, by providing
personal and business depository services, offering residential loans and
providing, on a limited basis, commercial real estate and consumer loans.
The Company's mortgage banking business is primarily conducted through Matrix
Financial, and was established with the primary objective of acquiring,
originating and servicing residential mortgage loan servicing rights. Servicing
mortgage loans involves the contractual right to receive a fee for processing
and administering mortgage loan payments. The Company acquires servicing rights
primarily in the secondary market as well as through Matrix Financial's
wholesale loan origination offices in the Atlanta, Denver, Chicago and Phoenix
metropolitan areas.
United Financial provides brokerage and consulting services to financial
institutions and financial services companies in the mortgage banking industry,
primarily related to the brokerage and analysis of residential mortgage loan
servicing rights and residential mortgage loans, corporate and mortgage loan
servicing portfolio valuations, and, to a lesser extent, consultation and
brokerage services in connection with mergers and acquisitions of mortgage
banking entities.
USS provides real estate management and disposition services on foreclosed
properties owned by financial services companies and financial institutions.
Sterling's operations, which are located in Texas, consist of a nonbank trust
company specializing in the administration of self-directed qualified retirement
plans, individual retirement accounts, and custodial and directed trust
accounts.
The accounting and reporting policies of the Company and its subsidiaries
conform to generally accepted accounting principles and to general practices
within the financial services industry. The following is a description of the
more significant policies which the Company follows in preparing and presenting
its consolidated financial statements.
F-7
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
2. Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and
its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and
transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and the
accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Loans Held for Sale
Loans originated or purchased with the intent for sale in the secondary market
are carried at the lower of cost, net of discounts or premiums and a valuation
allowance, or estimated market value in the aggregate. Market value is
determined using forward sale commitments to permanent investors or current
market rates for loans of similar quality and type. Net unrealized losses, if
any, would be recognized in a valuation allowance by charges to income.
Discounts or premiums on loans held for sale are not accreted or amortized into
income on an interest method, however discounts and premiums related to payments
of loan principal are recorded in interest income. The loans are primarily
secured by one-to-four family residential real estate located throughout the
United States.
The Company includes in loans held for sale first mortgage loans which are
acquired under several purchase/repurchase facilities. The Company earns
interest income on all the facilities and, in the past, occasionally received a
profit participation when the loans were subsequently sold which was included in
interest income.
Gains and losses on loan sales are determined based on the difference between
the allocated cost basis of the assets sold and the proceeds, which includes the
fair value of any assets or liabilities that are newly created as a result of
the transaction. Losses related to recourse provisions in excess of the amount
originally provided are accrued as a liability at the time such additional
losses are determined, and recorded as part of noninterest expense.
Loans Held for Investment
Loans held for investment are stated at unpaid principal balances, less unearned
discounts and premiums, deferred loan fees, loans in process and allowance for
loan losses.
F-8
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
2. Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses is calculated, in part, based on historical loss
experience. In addition, management takes into consideration other factors such
as any qualitative evaluations of individual classified assets, geographic
portfolio concentrations, new products or markets, evaluations of the changes in
the historical loss experience component, and projections of this component into
the current and future periods based on current knowledge and conditions. After
an allowance has been established for the loan portfolio, management establishes
an unallocated portion of the allowance for loan losses, which is attributable
to factors that cannot be associated with a specific loan or loan portfolio.
These factors include general economic conditions, recognition of specific
regional geographic concerns, loan type and trends in portfolio growth. Loan
losses are charged against the allowance when the probability of collection is
considered remote. In the opinion of management, the allowance, when taken as a
whole, is adequate to absorb the inherent losses in the current loan portfolio.
The Company considers a loan impaired when, based on current information and
events, it is probable that it will be unable to collect all amounts due
according to the contractual terms of the loan. The Company evaluates its
residential loans collectively due to their homogeneous nature. Accordingly,
potential impaired loans of the Company include only commercial loans, real
estate construction loans, commercial real estate mortgage loans and direct
financing leases classified as nonperforming loans. Impairment allowances are
considered by the Company in determining the overall adequacy of the allowance
for loan losses. When a loan is identified as "impaired," accrual of interest
ceases. The Company had no impaired loans as of or for the years ended December
31, 1999, 1998 and 1997.
Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when full payment of principal or interest
is in doubt, or generally when they are past due ninety days as to either
principal or interest, unless the interest is guaranteed through recourse
provisions. Previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed and charged
against interest income, if not collectible, and future accruals are
discontinued. Interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are recorded as
interest income unless there is doubt as to the collectibility of the recorded
investment. In those cases, cash received is recorded as a reduction in
principal.
Mortgage Servicing Rights
The Company recognizes mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) as an asset separate
from the underlying originated mortgage loan by allocating the total cost of
originating a mortgage loan between the loan and the servicing right based on
their respective fair values. MSRs are carried at the lower of cost (allocated
cost for originated MSRs), less accumulated amortization, or fair value. MSRs
are amortized in proportion to and over the period of the estimated future net
servicing income.
F-9
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
2. Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
The fair value of MSRs is determined based on the discounted future servicing
income stratified based on one or more predominant risk characteristics of the
underlying loans. The Company stratifies its MSRs by product type and investor
to reflect the predominant risk characteristics. To determine the fair value of
MSRs, the Company uses a valuation model that calculates the present value of
future cash flows. In using this valuation method, the Company incorporates
assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net
servicing income which includes estimates of the cost of servicing per loan, the
discount rate, float value, an inflation rate, ancillary income per loan,
prepayment speeds and default rates. As of December 31, 1999, no valuation
allowance was required and the fair value of the aggregate MSRs was
approximately $73,400,000.
Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation.
Depreciation is computed using the straight line method over the estimated lives
of the assets, which range from three to seven years for office furniture,
equipment and software and 30 years for buildings.
Foreclosed Real Estate
Real estate acquired through foreclosure, deed in lieu of foreclosure or in
judgment is carried at the lower of fair value, minus estimated costs to sell,
or the related loan balance at the date of foreclosure. Valuations are
periodically performed by management and an allowance for loss is established by
a charge to operations if the carrying value of a property exceeds its fair
value, minus estimated costs to sell. The net carrying value of foreclosed real
estate, which is classified in other assets, was $800,000 and $916,000 at
December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. All of the Company's foreclosed
properties relate to residential real estate as of December 31, 1999.
Acquired Real Estate
Costs directly attributable to the acquisition, development, and construction of
land development are capitalized. Such costs include preacquisition costs,
direct project costs and holding costs. The investment in land development is
carried at the lower of cost, which includes capitalized costs, or net
realizable value. Net unrealized losses, if any, would be recognized in a
valuation allowance. As of December 31, 1999 there was no valuation allowance
necessary for the land development.
Income Taxes
The Company and its subsidiaries file consolidated federal and state income tax
returns. The subsidiaries are charged for the taxes applicable to their profits
calculated on the basis of filing separate income tax returns. Matrix Bank
qualifies as a savings and loan association for income tax purposes.
F-10
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
2. Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
The Company uses the liability method in accounting for income taxes. Under this
method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences
between financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities and are
measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the
differences are expected to reverse.
Drafts Payable
Drafts payable represent the in transit outstanding funding of a new loan by the
Company via a negotiable instrument, however, the instrument has not yet been
presented to the bank for payment. Presentation to the bank generally occurs
within one to three days.
Loan Administration Income
Loan administration income represents service fees and other income earned from
servicing loans for various investors. Loan administration income includes
service fees that are based on a contractual percentage of the outstanding
principal balance plus late fees and other ancillary charges. Income is
recognized when the related payments are received.
Brokerage Income
Brokerage income represents fees earned related to servicing brokerage and
consulting services. Brokerage income is recognized when earned.
Trust Services Income
Trust services income represents fees earned related to services provided for
self-directed IRA, qualified benefit plans and escrow arrangements. Trust
services income is recognized when earned.
Asset Disposition Services Income
Asset disposition services income represents fees earned related to real estate
management and disposition services. Asset disposition services income is
recognized when earned.
Gain on Sale of Mortgage Servicing Rights
Gain on sale of MSRs is recognized when substantially all the risks and rewards
inherent in owning the MSRs have been transferred to the buyer, and any
protection provisions retained by the Company are minor and can be reasonably
estimated.
F-11
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
2. Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Loan Origination Income
Loan origination income for loans originated for sale, which includes all
mortgage origination fees, secondary marketing activity and servicing-released
premiums on mortgage loans sold, net of outside origination costs, is recognized
as income at the time the loan is sold.
Loan origination income for loans originated for investment, which includes
mortgage origination fees and certain direct costs associated with loan
originations, is deferred and amortized as a yield adjustment over the
contractual life of the related loan using the interest method, adjusted for
estimated prepayments.
Stock Based Compensation
The Company grants stock options for a fixed number of shares to employees with
an exercise price equal to the fair value of the shares at the date of grant.
The Company accounts for stock option grants in accordance with APB Opinion No.
25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and, accordingly, recognizes no
compensation expense for stock option grants.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents, for purposes of the statements of cash flows, consist of cash
and interest-earning deposits with banks with original maturities, when
purchased, of three months or less.
Hedging of Mortgage Servicing Rights
The Company hedges a segment of its servicing portfolio using exchange-traded
futures and options. A change in the market value of the futures contract is
deferred and amortized in proportion to and over the period of the estimated
future net servicing income of the hedged servicing portfolio. The option
premium or cost is amortized ratably over the period of the option. If any of
the hedged servicing portfolio is sold, then the realized and unrealized gain or
loss from the futures and options attributable to the portion sold is included
in the basis of the MSRs sold for purposes of calculating gain or loss on sale.
These realized and unrealized hedging gains and losses are considered in the
determination of the fair value of the MSRs.
Net Income Per Share
As of December 31, 1997, the Company adopted Statement No. 128, Earnings per
Share, and restated all prior period earnings per share (EPS) data, as required.
Statement No. 128 replaced the presentation of primary and fully diluted EPS
pursuant to APB Opinion No. 15, Earnings per Share, with the presentation of
basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS, or net income per common share, excludes
dilution
F-12
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
2. Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
and is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common
shares outstanding for the period. Net income per common share assuming dilution
is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common
shares outstanding for the period and the dilutive effect, if any, of stock
options and warrants outstanding for the period.
Comprehensive Income
The Company adopted Statement No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, as of
January 1, 1998. Statement No. 130 establishes new rules for the reporting and
display of comprehensive income and its components, however, the adoption of
this Statement did not result in any change in presentation and had no impact on
the Company's net income or shareholders' equity. Statement No. 130 requires
reclassification of financial statements for earlier periods provided for
comparative purposes.
Segment Reporting
Effective January 1, 1998, the Company adopted Statement No. 131, Disclosures
about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information. Statement No. 131
superceded FASB Statement No. 14, Financial Reporting for Segments of a Business
Enterprise. Statement No. 131 establishes standards for the way that public
business enterprises report information about operating segments in annual
financial statements and requires that those enterprises report selected
information about operating segments in interim financial reports. Statement No.
131 also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and
services, geographic areas and major customers. The adoption of Statement No.
131 did not affect results of operations or financial position.
Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In June 1999, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement No. 137,
Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - Deferral of the
Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 133. This Statement defers the effective
date of Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities to all fiscal quarters of all fiscal years beginning after June 15,
2000. Statement No. 133 standardizes the accounting for derivative instruments,
including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, by
recognition of those items as assets or liabilities in the statement of
financial position and measurement at fair value. On March 3, 2000, the
Financial Accounting Standards Board issued an exposure draft entitled
Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities-an
Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133. The impact of Statement No. 133 and any
related amendments on the Company's financial position and results of operations
has not yet been determined.
F-13
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
2. Significant Accounting Policies (continued)
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the prior period financial statements have been reclassified
to conform to the current period presentation.
3. Net Income Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of net income per share and net
income per share, assuming dilution:
Year Ended December 31
1999 1998 1997
--------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands)
Numerator:
Net income available to common shareholders $ 10,779 $ 8,513 $ 8,138
========================================================
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding 6,728,211 6,704,991 6,681,269
Effect of dilutive securities:
Common stock options 95,899 150,478 89,333
Common stock warrants 9,436 26,421 11,206
--------------------------------------------------------
Dilutive potential common shares 105,335 176,899 100,539
--------------------------------------------------------
Denominator for net income per share, assuming dilution
6,833,546 6,881,890 6,781,808
========================================================
F-14
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
4. Loans Receivable
Loans Held for Investment
Loans held for investment consist of the following:
December 31
1999 1998
-------- --------
(In thousands)
Residential loans $ 7,473 $ 5,563
Multi-family, commercial real estate, and commercial 76,184 56,130
Construction loans 48,819 43,672
Consumer loans and other 9,904 9,997
-------- --------
142,380 115,362
Less:
Loans in process 14,167 18,941
Purchase discounts, net 252 212
Unearned fees on consumer loans 241 327
Unearned fees on loans (excluding consumer) 523 524
Allowance for loan losses 1,433 1,136
-------- --------
16,616 21,140
-------- --------
$125,764 $ 94,222
======== ========
Activity in the allowance for loan losses is summarized as follows:
Year Ended December 31
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period $ 1,136 $ 689 $ 270
Provision for loan losses 735 1,178 554
Charge-offs (509) (789) (166)
Recoveries 71 58 31
------- ------- -------
Balance at end of period $ 1,433 $ 1,136 $ 689
======= ======= =======
Nonaccrual loans in the loans held for investment portfolio totaled
approximately $498,000 and $376,000 or 0.4 percent of the total loans held for
investment portfolio at December 31, 1999 and 1998.
The Company had commitments to extend credit on consumer, commercial and
construction loans of approximately $38,808,000 at December 31, 1999.
F-15
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
4. Loans Receivable (continued)
Loans Held for Sale
Loans held for sale consist of the following as of:
December 31
1999 1998
--------- ---------
(In thousands)
Residential loans $ 945,095 $ 730,247
Commercial loans, leases and other 36,911 30,268
--------- ---------
982,006 760,515
Less:
Purchase (premiums) discounts, net (666) 3,715
Allowance for loan losses 4,921 2,574
--------- ---------
4,255 6,289
--------- ---------
$ 977,751 $ 754,226
========= =========
Included in loans held for sale are approximately $4,517,000 and $49,459,000 at
December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively, of first mortgage loans which the
Company has acquired under purchase/repurchase facilities with several parties.
The terms of the purchase/repurchase facilities vary with each seller but
include provisions which require the seller to repurchase the loans within a
defined period of time.
Activity in the valuation allowance is summarized as follows:
Year Ended December 31
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period $ 2,574 $ 1,067 $ 769
Provision for valuation allowance 2,445 3,429 320
Charge-offs (98) (1,922) (22)
------- ------- -------
Balance at end of period $ 4,921 $ 2,574 $ 1,067
======= ======= =======
Nonaccrual loans related to the loans and direct financing leases held for sale
portfolio aggregated approximately $25,143,000 and $12,833,000 at December 31,
1999 and 1998, respectively. Interest income that would have been recorded for
all nonaccrual loans was approximately $979,000, $524,000 and $89,000 during the
years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
F-16
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
4. Loans Receivable (continued)
In December 1997, the Company sold automobile retail installment contracts
including its repossessed assets and the charged-off accounts for $800,000, to
an independent third party. The sold installment contracts, repossessed assets
and charged-off accounts related to assets which the Company was required to
repurchase from a third party pursuant to recourse provisions. The Company
received $260,000 in cash and financed the remaining balance, with recourse
limited to the assets sold. The Company realized a loss of approximately $54,000
upon the sale. The Company recorded a loss of $1,237,000 in 1997 related to the
repurchase and ultimate disposition of the loans and automobiles. No additional
losses have been recorded.
5. Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment consist of the following:
December 31
1999 1998
------- -------
(In thousands)
Land $ 754 $ 684
Buildings 4,775 4,486
Leasehold improvements 997 1,116
Office furniture and equipment 9,384 7,697
Other equipment 1,381 1,297
------- -------
17,291 15,280
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization 6,474 4,952
------- -------
$10,817 $10,328
======= =======
Included in occupancy and equipment expense is depreciation and amortization
expense of premises and equipment of approximately $2,126,000, $1,712,000 and
$1,170,000 for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
F-17
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
6. Mortgage Servicing Rights
The activity in the MSRs is summarized as follows:
Year Ended December 31
1999 1998 1997
-------- -------- --------
(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of year $ 57,662 $ 36,276 $ 23,680
Purchases 19,754 34,831 37,151
Originated, net of originated MSRs sold 1,514 (24) 818
Hedging loss (gain) 3,257 (321) (164)
Amortization (16,403) (10,563) (6,521)
Sales (2,305) (2,537) (18,688)
-------- -------- --------
Balance at end of year $ 63,479 $ 57,662 $ 36,276
======== ======== ========
Accumulated amortization of MSRs aggregated approximately $44,869,000 and
$26,921,000 at December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
The Company's servicing activity is diversified throughout 50 states with
concentrations at December 31, 1999 in California, Texas and Florida of
approximately 23.1 percent, 14.1 percent and 8.9 percent, respectively, based on
aggregate outstanding unpaid principal balances of the mortgage loans serviced.
As of December 31, 1999 and 1998, the Company subserviced loans for others of
approximately $205,929,000 and $9,900,000, respectively.
The Company's servicing portfolio (excluding subserviced loans) comprised the
following:
December 31
1999 1998
----------------------- -----------------------
Principal Principal
Number Balance Number Balance
of Loans Outstanding of Loans Outstanding
-------- ----------- -------- -----------
(Dollars in thousands)
Freddie Mac 20,028 $1,334,058 19,227 $1,221,074
Fannie Mae 38,779 2,427,053 23,198 1,419,345
GNMA 11,720 558,086 17,552 838,081
VA, FHA, conventional and other loans 20,032 1,570,518 18,369 1,879,229
-------- ----------- -------- -----------
90,559 $5,889,715 78,346 $5,357,729
======== =========== ======== ===========
F-18
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
6. Mortgage Servicing Rights (continued)
The Company's custodial escrow balances shown in the accompanying consolidated
balance sheets at December 31, 1999 and 1998 pertain to escrowed payments of
taxes and insurance and the float on principal and interest payments on loans
serviced and owned by the Company of approximately $94,045,000 and $95,657,000,
respectively. The Company also has custodial accounts on deposit from other
mortgage companies aggregating approximately $161,000 and $1,167,000 at December
31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. The Companies custodial accounts are maintained
at Matrix Bank in noninterest-bearing accounts. The balance of the custodial
accounts fluctuate from month to month based on the pass-through of the
principal and interest payments to the ultimate investors and the timing of
taxes and insurance payments.
7. Deposits
Deposit account balances are summarized as follows:
December 31
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 1998
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Weighted Weighted
Average Average
Amount Percent Rate Amount Percent Rate
-------- ------- ---- -------- ------- ----
(Dollars in thousands)
Passbook accounts $ 2,793 0.50% 3.48% $ 2,830 0.58% 3.58%
NOW accounts 42,787 7.61 1.33 42,178 8.60 1.63
Money market accounts 141,641 25.19 3.04 170,957 34.85 3.13
-------- ------- ---- -------- ------- ----
187,221 33.30 2.72 215,965 44.03 2.84
Certificate accounts 374,973 66.70 5.27 274,551 55.97 5.52
-------- ------- ---- -------- ------- ----
$562,194 100.00% 4.12% $490,516 100.00% 4.37%
======== ======= ==== ======== ======= ====
Included in NOW accounts are noninterest-bearing accounts of $21,178,000 and
$22,672,000 for the years ended December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
F-19
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
7. Deposits (continued)
Contractual maturities of certificate accounts as of December 31, 1999:
Under 12 12 to 36 36 to 60
months months months
----------------------------------------------------
(In thousands)
3.00-3.99% $ 845 $ -- $ --
4.00-4.99% 37,570 1,363 133
5.00-5.99% 262,613 11,351 7,514
6.00-6.99% 44,551 8,796 110
7.00-7.99% 127 -- --
----------------------------------------------------
$345,706 $21,510 $7,757
====================================================
Approximately $133,589,000 and $137,043,000 of assets under administration by
Sterling are included in NOW and money market accounts as of December 31,
1999 and 1998, respectively. Included in certificate accounts is $221,510,000
and $148,676,000 of brokered deposits as of December 31, 1999 and 1998,
respectively. Additionally, included in money market accounts is approximately
$1,130,000 and $47,078,000 from a title company as of December 31, 1999 and
1998, respectively.
Interest expense on deposits is summarized as follows:
Year Ended December 31
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
(In thousands)
Passbook accounts $ 96 $ 102 $ 113
NOW accounts 600 522 795
Money market 5,756 3,910 2,483
Certificates of deposit 15,137 11,687 4,985
------- ------- -------
$21,589 $16,221 $ 8,376
======= ======= =======
The aggregate amount of deposit accounts with a balance greater than $100,000
(excluding brokered deposits) was approximately $13,873,000 and $17,622,000 at
December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
F-20
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
8. Borrowed Money and Guaranteed Preferred Beneficial Interests
Borrowed money and guaranteed preferred beneficial interests are summarized as
follows:
December 31
1999 1998
-------- --------
(In thousands)
Revolving Lines
$120,000,000 revolving warehouse loan agreement with banks, secured by mortgage
loans held for sale, interest at federal funds rate plus 0.85-1.50 percent
(6.58 percent average rate at December 31, 1999); $94,136,000 available at
December 31, 1999.
$ 25,864 $ 72,157
$10,000,000 working capital facility with banks secured by mortgage loans held
for sale, MSRs, eligible servicing advance receivables and eligible
delinquent mortgage receivables; interest at federal funds rate plus 1.5
percent (6.80 percent at December 31, 1999); $9,459,000 available at December
31, 1999. 541 4,479
$10,000,000 revolving line of credit with a third party financial institution,
secured by common stock of Matrix Bank; interest due monthly at prime;
$8,200,000 available at December 31, 1999. 1,800 10,300
-------- --------
Total revolving lines 28,205 86,936
Term Notes Payable
$45,000,000 servicing acquisition loan agreement with a bank, secured by MSRs,
due at the earlier of the maturity of the MSRs or amortized over five to six
years from the date of the borrowing through June 30, 2005; interest at
federal funds rate plus 2 percent (7.30 percent at December 31, 1999);
$15,060,000 available at December 31, 1999. 28,088 26,974
Senior notes, interest at 11.50 percent payable semiannually, unsecured and
maturing September 30, 2004. 20,000 20,000
Senior subordinated notes, interest at 14 percent payable semiannually,
unsecured and maturing July 2002, with mandatory redemptions of $727,500 on
each of July 15, 1999, 2000 and 2001. -- 2,910
$10,000,000 note payable to a third party financial institution (revised
bank stock loan) due in quarterly installments of $357,431, plus interest,
through June 30, 2001, collateralized by the common stock of Matrix Bank;
interest at prime. 9,286 7,893
Notes payable to banks, secured by a deeds of trust on real estate, interest
at prime plus 1 percent. -- 1,715
Notes payable to an insurance company, secured by a deed of trust on real
estate, interest at 7.10 percent. 982 --
F-21
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
8. Borrowed Money and Guaranteed Preferred Beneficial Interests (continued)
December 31
1999 1998
-------- --------
(In thousands)
Other $ 1,026 $ 1,296
-------- --------
Total term notes 59,382 60,788
Other
Agreements with a bank to sell mortgage loans and direct financing leases
originated by the Company under agreements to repurchase. The agreement can
be terminated upon 90 days written notice by either party; interest at the
higher of the prime rate or note rate on the loans and 8 percent on direct
lease financing. Total commitment is at the option of the bank. Increases are
at the discretion of the bank. 11,545 15,067
Financing agreement with a bank, secured by Ft. Lupton Subordinated Series 1996
A1 revenue anticipation warrants, interest revolves and is due based on the
semi-annual bonds payments, unpaid principal due at bond maturity. 800 800
MSR financing, collateralized by MSRs with unpaid principal balances of
$31,300,000 at December 31, 1999. 239 356
Agreement with bank to finance direct financing leases to charter schools,
interest is at 7 percent and can be terminated at any time by either party.
Total commitment amount is at the option of the bank. -- 1,125
Financing agreement, collateralized by direct financing leases, interest variable 14,430 13,717
-------- --------
Total other 27,014 31,065
-------- --------
Total borrowed money $114,601 $178,789
======== ========
Guaranteed preferred beneficial interests in Company's 10 percent junior
subordinated debentures payable quarterly, unsecured and maturing September
30, 2029. $ 27,500 $ --
======== ========
F-22
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
8. Borrowed Money and Guaranteed Preferred Beneficial Interests (continued)
As of December 31, 1999 the maturities of term notes payable during the next
five years and thereafter are as follows:
(In thousands)
2000 $ 5,641
2001 13,568
2002 5,720
2003 5,728
2004 5,745
Thereafter 22,980
--------------
$59,382
==============
The Company must comply with certain financial and other covenants related to
the foregoing debt agreements including, among other things, the maintenance of
specific ratios, net worth and other amounts as defined in the credit agreements
limiting the Company's ability to declare dividends (and its subsidiaries) or
incur additional debt, and establishes requirements to maintain certain capital
levels in certain subsidiaries. These covenants include requirements for the
Company to maintain consolidated tangible capital of not less than $54,400,000,
maintain adjusted debt to shareholders' equity of less than 4:1 and maintain the
requirements necessary such that Matrix Bank will not be classified as other
than "well capitalized," as defined. At December 31, 1999, the Company was in
compliance with these covenants.
The credit facility agreement for the $120,000,000 warehouse loan agreement, the
$10,000,000 working capital loan agreement and the $45,000,000 servicing
acquisition loan agreement requires Matrix Financial to maintain, among other
things, (i) total shareholder's equity of at least $13,000,000 plus 90 percent
of capital contributed after January 1, 1999, plus 90 percent of cumulative
quarterly net income, (ii) adjusted net worth, as defined, of at least
$27,000,000, (iii) an owned servicing portfolio of at least $3,000,000,000 and
total servicing of $4,250,000,000, (iv) principal debt of term line borrowings
of no more than the lesser of 70 percent of the appraised value of the mortgage
servicing portfolio or 1.25 percent of the unpaid principal balance of the
mortgage servicing portfolio, (v) a ratio of total adjusted debt to adjusted
tangible net worth of no more than eight to one, (vi) a ratio of cash flow to
current maturities of long-term debt and any capital leases of at least 1.3 to
1.0, (vii) a ratio of outstanding term-line borrowings outstanding to adjusted
net worth of no more than 2.0 to 1.0 and (viii) principal debt of working
capital borrowings and term line borrowings of no more than the lesser of 95
percent of the appraised value of the mortgage servicing portfolio or 1.25
percent of the unpaid principal balance of the mortgage servicing portfolio.
At December 31, 1999, Matrix Financial was in compliance with these covenants.
F-23
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
8. Borrowed Money and Guaranteed Preferred Beneficial Interests (continued)
Direct Financing Leases Financing Agreement
During 1999 and 1998, the Company placed tax-exempt direct financing leases it
originated to charter schools into several grantor trusts (Trusts). The Trusts
then issued Class "A" Certificates and Class "B" Certificates, with the Class
"A" Certificates being sold under a private placement at a price of par.
The "A" Certificates are guaranteed by a letter of credit issued by the
Guarantor, which is a third party investment bank (Investment Bank) and the
underlying leases. The "A" Certificates' interest rate may be determined weekly,
monthly or for a term for up to one year. The interest rate and the term of the
interest rate are determined by the Remarking Agent, which is also the
Investment Bank. Generally, the Trusts are short-term in nature with an average
life of one year or less.
The "B" Certificates are owned in part by the Company and in part by the
Investment Bank. The interest rate paid on the "A" Certificates and the "B"
Certificates owned by the Investment Bank is considered the Company's financing
cost. The approximate cost of the financing at December 31, 1999 and 1998 was
7.63 percent and 6.88 percent, respectively. The interest that the Company
receives through its part ownership of the "B" Certificates is tax-exempt.
Although the Investment Bank acts as Guarantor to the "A" Certificates, the
Company provides full recourse to the Investment Bank in all cases of loss or
default. Due to the nature of the recourse and the ability of the "A"
Certificate holders to put the certificates to the Trusts, the transactions have
been treated as a financing.
Guaranteed Preferred Beneficial Interests in Company's 10 Percent Junior
Subordinated Debentures
On July 30, 1999, Matrix Bancorp Capital Trust I (MBC Trust), a Delaware
business trust formed by the Company, completed the sale of $27,500,000 of 10
percent preferred securities. The MBC Trust also issued common securities to the
Company and used the net proceeds from the offering to purchase $28,600,000 in
principal amount of 10 percent junior subordinated debentures of the Company due
September 30, 2029. The junior subordinated debentures are the sole assets of
MBC Trust and are eliminated, along with the related income statement effects,
in the consolidated financial statements. Total expenses associated with the
offering of approximately $1,500,000 are included in other assets and are being
amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the junior subordinated
debentures.
The preferred securities accrue and pay distributions quarterly at an annual
rate of 10 percent of the stated liquidation amount of $25 per preferred
security. The Company has fully and unconditionally guaranteed all of the
obligations of MBC Trust under the preferred securities. The guarantee covers
the quarterly distributions and payments on liquidation or redemption of the
preferred securities, but only to the extent of funds held by MBC Trust.
F-24
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
8. Borrowed Money and Guaranteed Preferred Beneficial Interests (continued)
The preferred securities are mandatorily redeemable upon the maturity of the
junior subordinated debentures or upon earlier redemption as provided in the
indenture. The Company has the right to redeem the junior subordinated
debentures, in whole or in part on or after September 30, 2004, at a redemption
price specified in the indenture plus any accrued but unpaid interest to the
redemption date.
9. Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas Borrowings
Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas (FHLB) borrowings aggregated $405,000,000 and
$168,000,000 at December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively. Advances of
$303,500,000 bear interest at rates which adjust daily and are based on the
mortgage repo rate. Advances of $100,000,000 and $47,000,000 at December 31,
1999 and 1998, respectively, were borrowed under a Short Option Advance (SOA)
Agreement with the FHLB. These SOA borrowings have a term of ten years, but are
callable by the FHLB beginning after a six month or one year lock-out period
depending on the particular SOA borrowing. After the expiration of the lock-out
period, the SOA borrowings are callable at three month intervals. If the FHLB
exercises its call option on a SOA borrowing, the FHLB is required to offer
replacement funding to the Company at a market rate of interest for the
remaining term of the SOA borrowing. Additionally, under the terms of the SOA
Agreement, the Company is not permitted to prepay or otherwise retire a callable
SOA borrowing prior to the final maturity date. At December 31, 1999, the
interest rates on the SOA borrowings ranged from 4.90 percent to 5.63 percent
and their possible call dates varied from January 14, 2000 to December 26, 2000.
At December 31, 1998, the interest rates on the SOA borrowings ranged from 4.85
percent to 4.94 percent and their possible call dates varied from January 15,
1999 to April 14, 1999. Advances of $1,500,000 at December 31, 1999 were
borrowed under a fixed term and rate. These advances are at a rate of 5.84
percent and mature on June 2, 2014. All advances are secured by first mortgage
loans of Matrix Bank and all of its FHLB stock.
In 1999, Matrix Bank was placed on full blanket status, which requires Matrix
Bank to place loan collateral at the FHLB. As of December 31, 1999, Matrix Bank
had available unused borrowings from the FHLB for advances of approximately
$67,500,000.
F-25
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
10. Income Taxes
The income tax provision consists of the following:
Year Ended December 31
1999 1998 1997
----------------------------------------
(In thousands)
Current
Federal $ 5,340 $ 3,837 $ 4,108
State 1,329 991 1,053
Deferred
Federal (341) 42 (2)
State (50) 6 --
------- ------- -------
$ 6,278 $ 4,876 $ 5,159
======= ======= =======
A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes with the expected income
taxes based on the statutory federal income tax rate follows:
Year Ended December 31
1999 1998 1997
-----------------------------------
(In thousands)
Expected income tax provision $ 5,799 $ 4,552 $ 4,521
Effect of federal tax brackets 52 13 --
State income taxes 827 660 694
Other (400) (349) (56)
------- ------- -------
$ 6,278 $ 4,876 $ 5,159
======= ======= =======
Deferred tax assets and liabilities result from the tax effects of temporary
differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial
reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes shown below.
December 31
1999 1998
-----------------------
(In thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Allowance for losses $2,713 $1,383
Discounts and premiums 141 144
Deferred fees 1,145 718
Delinquent interest 287 215
Other -- 30
------ ------
Total deferred tax assets 4,286 2,490
F-26
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
10. Income Taxes (continued)
December 31
1999 1998
------- -------
(In thousands)
Deferred tax liabilities:
Gain on sale of loans $(1,436) $ (931)
Amortization of servicing rights (1,814) (1,025)
Depreciation (539) (526)
Other (98) --
------- -------
Total deferred tax liabilities (3,887) (2,482)
------- -------
Net deferred tax asset $ 399 $ 8
======= =======
11. Regulatory
The Company is a unitary thrift holding company and, as such, is subject to the
regulation, examination and supervision of the Office of Thrift Supervision
(OTS).
Matrix Bank is also subject to various regulatory capital requirements
administered by the OTS. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can
initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary actions,
actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect
on Matrix Bank's financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the
regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, Matrix Bank must meet
specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of Matrix Bank's
assets, liabilities and certain off balance sheet items as calculated under
regulatory accounting practices. Matrix Bank's capital amounts and
classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about
components, risk weightings and other factors.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy
require Matrix Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the
following table) of total and Tier I capital (as defined in the regulations) to
risk-weighted assets (as defined) and of Tier I capital (as defined) to total
assets (as defined). Management believes, as of December 31, 1999 and 1998, that
Matrix Bank meets all capital adequacy requirements to which it is subject.
As of December 31, 1999, the most recent notification from the OTS categorized
Matrix Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt
corrective action. To be categorized as well capitalized Matrix Bank must
maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier I risk based and Tier I leverage ratios
as set forth in the table. There have been no conditions or events since that
notification that management believes have changed the institution's category.
F-27
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
11. Regulatory (continued)
To Be Well
Capitalized Under
For Capital Prompt Corrective
Actual Adequacy Purposes Action Provisions
----------------- --------------------- --------------------
Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio
------- ----- --------- ----- --------- ------
(Dollars in thousands)
As of December 31, 1999
Total Capital
(to Risk Weighted Assets) $70,236 10.5% =>$53,397 =>8.0% =>$66,746 =>10.0%
Core Capital
(to Adjusted Tangible Assets) 65,987 5.8 =>45,548 =>4.0 =>56,935 =>5.0
Tier I Capital
(to Risk Weighted Assets) 65,987 9.9 N/A =>40,048 =>6.0
As of December 31, 1998
Total Capital
(to Risk Weighted Assets) 54,148 11.7 =>36,938 =>8.0 =>46,173 =>10.0
Core Capital
(to Adjusted Tangible Assets) 51,163 6.2 =>32,828 =>4.0 =>41,035 =>5.0
Tier I Capital
(to Risk Weighted Assets) 51,163 11.1 N/A =>27,704 =>6.0
The various federal banking statutes to which Matrix Bank is subject also
include other limitations regarding the nature of the transactions in which it
can engage or assets it may hold or liabilities it may incur.
Matrix Bank is required to maintain vault cash or balances with the Federal
Reserve Bank of Dallas in a noninterest-earning account based on a percentage of
deposit liabilities. Such balances averaged $14,720,000 and $9,632,000 in 1999
and 1998, respectively.
Matrix Bank is required by Federal regulations to maintain a minimum level of
liquid assets of 4 percent. Matrix Bank exceeded the Federal requirement at
December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
Matrix Financial is subject to examination by various regulatory agencies
involved in the mortgage banking industry. Each regulatory agency requires the
maintenance of a certain amount of net worth, the most restrictive of which
required $5,104,000 at December 31, 1999 and $3,089,000 at December 31, 1998.
Sterling, a Texas trust company, is generally required to maintain minimum
restricted capital of at least $1,000,000, and may be required to maintain
additional capital if the Texas Banking Commissioner determines that it is
necessary to protect the safety and soundness of Sterling. At December 31, 1999,
Sterling was in compliance with all capital requirements under Texas law.
F-28
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
12. Shareholders' Equity
Common Stock
The authorized common stock of the Company consists of 50,000,000 shares with a
par value of $.0001 per share. There were 6,759,241, 6,723,911 and 6,703,880
shares of common stock outstanding at December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997,
respectively. Holders of common stock are entitled to receive dividends when,
and if, declared by the board of directors. Each share of common stock entitles
the holders thereof to one vote and cumulative voting is not permitted.
Preferred Stock
The authorized preferred stock of the Company consists of 5,000,000 shares with
a par value of $.0001 per share. The board of directors is authorized, without
further action of the shareholders of the Company, to issue from time to time
shares of preferred stock in one or more series and with such relative rights,
powers, preferences and limitations as the board of directors may determine at
the time of issuance. Such shares may be convertible into common stock and may
be superior to the common stock in the payment of dividends, liquidation, voting
and other rights, preferences and privileges.
Stock Option Plan
The Company has elected to follow APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock
Issued to Employees and related interpretations in accounting for its employee
stock options because, as discussed below, the alternative fair value accounting
provided for under Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,
requires use of option valuation models that were not developed for use in
valuing employee stock options. Under APB Opinion No. 25, because the exercise
price of the Company's employee stock options equals the market price of the
underlying stock on the date of grant, no compensation expense is recognized.
In September 1996, the board of directors and shareholders adopted the 1996
Stock Option Plan, which amended and restated the Company's stock option plan
adopted in 1995. The Company's 1996 Stock Option Plan has authorized the grant
of options to substantially all of the Company's full-time employees and
directors for up to 525,000 shares of the Company's common stock. All options
granted have ten year terms and vest based on the determination by the Company's
compensation committee.
The 1996 Stock Option Plan authorized the granting of incentive stock options
(Incentive Options) and nonqualified stock options (Nonqualified Options) to
purchase common stock to eligible persons. The 1996 Stock Option Plan is
currently administered by the compensation committee (administrator) of the
board of directors. The 1996 Stock Option Plan provides for adjustments to the
number of shares and to the exercise price of outstanding options in the event
of a declaration of stock dividend or any recapitalization resulting in a stock
split-up, combination or exchange of shares of common stock.
F-29
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
12. Shareholders' Equity (continued)
No Incentive Option may be granted with an exercise price per share less than
the fair market value of the common stock at the date of grant. The Nonqualified
Options may be granted with any exercise price determined by the administrator
of the 1996 Stock Option Plan. The expiration date of an option is determined by
the administrator at the time of the grant, but in no event may an option be
exercisable after the expiration of ten years from the date of grant of the
option.
The 1996 Stock Option Plan further provides that in most instances an option
must be exercised by the optionee within 30 days after the termination of the
consulting contract between such consultant and the Company or termination of
the optionee's employment with the Company, as the case may be, if and to the
extent such option was exercisable on the date of such termination.
Pro forma information regarding net income and earnings per share is required by
Statement No. 123, which also requires that the information be determined as if
the Company had accounted for its employee stock options granted subsequent to
December 31, 1994 under the fair value method of that Statement. The fair value
for these options was estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes
option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions for 1999,
1998 and 1997, respectively: risk-free interest rates of 5.4 percent, 5.4
percent and 5.7 percent; a dividend yield of zero percent; volatility factors of
the expected market price of the Company's common stock of .56, .39 and .38, and
a weighted-average expected life of the option of four years.
The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the
fair value of traded options which have no vesting restrictions and are fully
transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly
subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. Because
the Company's employee stock options have characteristics significantly
different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective
input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management's
opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single
measure of the fair value of its employee stock options.
For purposes of pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of the options
is amortized to expense over the options' vesting period. The Company's pro
forma information follows:
Year Ended December 31
1999 1998 1997
--------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands except per share
data)
Pro forma net income $10,462 $ 8,256 $ 7,960
Pro forma earnings per share:
Basic 1.55 1.23 1.19
Diluted 1.53 1.20 1.17
F-30
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
12. Shareholders' Equity (continued)
A summary of the Company's stock option activity and related information for the
three years ended December 31, 1999 is as follows:
Year Ended December 31
1999 1998 1997
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Weighted Weighted Weighted Average
Average Average Exercise Price
Options Exercise Price Options Exercise Price Options
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding, beginning of year 387,700 $ 10.90 330,150 $ 10.55 209,100 $ 8.15
Granted 55,500 12.34 63,000 12.96 149,500 14.12
Exercised (6,100) 12.36 (1,725) 12.25 (2,100) 10.00
Forfeited (5,500) 12.32 (3,725) 14.00 (26,350) 11.93
--------------- --------------- ---------------
Outstanding, end of year 431,600 $ 11.07 387,700 $ 10.90 330,150 $ 10.55
=============== =============== ===============
Exercisable at end of year 226,150 $ 9.70 167,350 $ 8.49 117,700 $ 6.75
Weighted average fair value of
options granted during the year $ 7.68 $ 6.03 $ 6.67
Options outstanding at December 31, 1999 have exercise prices ranging from $5.13
to $26.50 per share, with a weighted average exercise price of $11.07 per share,
as outlined in the following table:
Weighted Weighted Weighted
Range of Number of Average Average Number of Average
Exercise Options Exercise Price Remaining Options Exercise Price
Prices Outstanding Per Share Contractual Life Exercisable Per Share
- ------------------- ------------------ --------------------- ----------------------- ------------------ ----------------------
$ 5.13 79,500 $ 5.13 5.00 79,500 $ 5.13
8.13 25,000 8.13 8.79 5,000 8.13
10.00 107,600 10.00 6.79 75,300 10.00
11.50-13.88 120,000 12.89 8.10 27,200 13.40
14.25-17.25 96,500 15.18 7.60 36,150 15.16
26.50 3,000 26.50 8.33 3,000 26.50
------------------ --------------------- ----------------------- ------------------ ----------------------
431,600 $11.07 7.13 226,150 $ 9.70
================== ===================== ======================= ================== ======================
Restricted Net Assets
As a result of the regulatory requirements and debt covenants, substantially all
of the net assets of the Company are restricted at December 31, 1999 and 1998.
F-31
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
12. Shareholders' Equity (continued)
Warrants
The Company issued warrants exercisable for an aggregate of 75,000 shares of its
common stock to its primary underwriters upon the closing of the Company's
initial public offering. The warrants are exercisable from time to time during
the four years after the one year anniversary of their date of grant, and are
not transferable during the first year after their grant. The exercise price for
the shares of common stock underlying such warrants is $12 per share. The shares
of common stock underlying such warrants are entitled to certain demand and
incidental registration rights.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In September 1996, the board of directors and shareholders adopted the Matrix
Bancorp, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Purchase Plan) and reserved 125,000
shares of common stock (ESPP Shares) for issuance thereunder. The Purchase Plan
became effective upon consummation of the initial public offering. The price at
which ESPP Shares are sold under the Purchase Plan is 85 percent of the lower of
the fair market value per share of common stock on the enrollment or the
purchase date. As of December 31, 1999, there were 56,715 ESPP Shares available
for future issuance.
13. Commitments, Contingencies and Related Party Transactions
Leases
The Company leases office space and certain equipment under noncancelable
operating leases. Annual amounts due under the office and equipment leases as of
December 31, 1999 are approximately as follows:
(In thousands)
2000 $1,280
2001 1,359
2002 1,308
2003 937
2004 798
----------------
$5,682
================
Total rent expense aggregated approximately $1,327,000, $955,000 and $631,000
for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
F-32
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
13. Commitments, Contingencies and Related Party Transactions (continued)
Hedging of Pipeline
In the ordinary course of business, the Company makes commitments to originate
residential mortgage loans (Pipeline) and holds originated loans until delivery
to an investor. Inherent in this business is a risk associated with changes in
interest rates and the resulting change in the market value of the Pipeline and
funded loans. The Company mitigates this risk through the use of mandatory and
nonmandatory forward commitments to sell loans. At December 31, 1999, the
Company had $41,178,000 in Pipeline and funded loans offset with mandatory
forward commitments of $35,127,000 and nonmandatory forward commitments of
$3,690,000. At December 31, 1998, the Company had $133,724,000 in Pipeline and
funded loans offset with mandatory forward commitments of $110,006,000 and
nonmandatory forward commitments of $10,057,000. The inherent value of the
forward commitments is considered in the determination of the lower of cost or
market for the Pipeline and funded loans.
Hedging of MSRs
Ownership of MSRs exposes the Company to impairment of its value in certain
interest rate environments. The incidence of prepayment of a mortgage loan
increases during periods of declining interest rates as the homeowner seeks to
refinance the loan to a lower interest rate. If the level of prepayment on
segments of the Company's mortgage servicing portfolio achieves a level higher
than projected by the Company for an extended period of time, then an impairment
in the associated basis in the MSRs may occur. To mitigate this risk of
impairment due to declining interest rates, the Company hedged a segment of its
mortgage servicing portfolio beginning in September 1997. As of December 31,
1999, the Company had identified and hedged approximately $604 million of its
mortgage servicing portfolio using a program of exchange-traded futures and
options.
At December 31, 1999, the Company had the following open positions:
Unrecognized
Expiration Open Positions Notional (Loss) Gain on
Date (No. of Contracts) Amount Open Positions
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ten year Treasury Note futures March 2000 63 $6,300,000 $(120,094)
Ten year Treasury Note put options February 2000 60 6,000,000 (118,672)
Ten year Treasury Note call options February 2000 45 4,500,000 2,813
At December 31, 1999 the net realized deferred losses and the unrealized
deferred losses of the open positions was approximately $2,605,000.
F-33
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
13. Commitments, Contingencies and Related Party Transactions (continued)
Land Development Commitment
In June 1996, the Company purchased 154 acres of land for $1,300,000 in cash for
the purpose of developing residential and multi-family lots in Ft. Lupton,
Colorado. As part of the acquisition, the Company entered into a Planned Unit
Development Agreement (Development Agreement) with the City of Ft. Lupton
(City). The Development Agreement is a residential and golf course Development
Agreement providing for the orderly planning, engineering and development of a
golf course and surrounding residential community. The City was responsible for
the development of the golf course and the Company is responsible for the
development of the surrounding residential lots and certain offsite
infrastructure (estimated at $1,210,000 as of December 31, 1999). The
Development Agreement also provides for the rebate of certain development fees,
infrastructure fees and storm drainage fees from the City to the Company
(estimated at $1,633,000 as of December 31, 1999).
The Development Agreement sets forth a mandatory obligation on the part of the
Company to secure future payment to the City of pledged Golf Course Enhancement
Fees of $600,000. These pledged Enhancement Fees require successor homebuilders
to pay the City a $2,000 fee with the issuance of each building permit. In the
event that less than thirty (30) permits are issued per year, the Company is
obligated to pay the balance of $60,000 in assessment fees per year beginning in
the year 1998 through the year 2007. The Company has, to date, posted a $300,000
letter of credit to secure those referenced Enhancement Fees and $120,000 has
been paid to the City in assessment fees through December 31, 1999.
As of December 31, 1999 and 1998, the Company has included in its basis in the
development $242,000 and $197,000, respectively, in capitalized interest costs.
At December 31, 1999 and 1998, the total basis of the land development is
$3,926,000 and $4,055,000, respectively, and is classified in other assets in
the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Financing Agreement
In 1996, the Company purchased $800,000 of City of Fort Lupton Subordinated
Series 1996 A1 revenue anticipation warrants, with a current interest rate of
12.75 percent and due December 15, 2015. The warrants are classified as other
receivables in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company entered
into an agreement with a bank to sell the warrants, subject to certain
repurchase obligations resulting from the bank's annual remarketing of the
bonds, with a revolving interest rate. The Company entered into a letter of
credit agreement for $825,000 to guarantee its repurchase obligation.
F-34
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
13. Commitments, Contingencies and Related Party Transactions (continued)
Contingencies
The Company is a defendant is a lawsuit that was commenced on or about May 23,
1997 in which the plaintiff-buyer sought damages of approximately $3,000,000,
alleging that the Company, as broker for the seller, made false representations
regarding the GNMA certification of certain mortgage pools the servicing rights
of which were offered for sale in a written offering. The plaintiff further
alleges that it relied on the Company's representations in purchasing the
servicing rights from the seller. Trial was conducted during the week of July
12, 1998. The jury returned a verdict in favor of the Company on four counts and
in favor of the plaintiff on one count and awarded the plaintiff $75,000. On
July 31, 1998, the plaintiff filed a motion requesting that the court render a
verdict in place of the jury's verdict, or alternatively, that the court order a
new trial. On November 6, 1998, the court denied the plaintiff's motion.
Plaintiff appealed the court's ruling and on March 22, 2000, the appeals court
affirmed the trial court's decision. Plaintiff has approximately 14 days to ask
for a re-hearing by the appeals court. No assurances can be given that an
adverse judgment of a material amount will not ultimately be rendered or that
any such judgment would not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated
financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
The Company has been named defendant in an action which commenced on or about
February 7, 1999. The plaintiff alleges that the Company, as seller of certain
mortgage loans to the plaintiff, breached a representation and warranty given to
the plaintiff by the Company under the purchase agreement relating to such
loans. The action relates to approximately $700,000 in principal amount of
mortgage loans and the plaintiff has requested that the Company be required to
repurchase the loans and/or pay an unspecified amount of money damages. The
Company believes that it has defenses to this lawsuit. However, no assurances
can be given that an adverse judgment will not ultimately be rendered or that
any adverse judgment would not have a material adverse effect on our
consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
On September 24, 1999, the Company commenced a lawsuit against two defendants,
one of whom is an entity that the Company purchased loans from (Seller) and the
other is the administrative agent for a consortium of lenders (Agent) to Seller
under Seller's warehouse facility that was entered into between the lenders and
Seller in late May of 1999. On October 14, 1999, Seller and several affiliated
entities (collectively referred to as "Seller") each filed voluntary petitions
under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, which resulted in this lawsuit being
moved to the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of Texas.
The Seller's bankruptcy proceedings were subsequently converted to Chapter 7,
and a permanent Chapter 7 Trustee has been appointed. The lawsuit primarily
seeks a declaration from the court of the rights of the parties in and to
certain Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) insurance/guaranty
proceeds relating to several pools of FHA/VA mortgage loans (approximately
$120,000,000 in principal amount as of December 31, 1999) purchased from Seller
by the Company prior to the date of the new warehouse facility. In its answer
and counterclaim, Agent alleges prior rights in and to such HUD
insurance/guaranty proceeds and has claimed that the Company has converted such
proceeds. The Company believes it has defenses to the counterclaim of Agent and
that it will be able to establish to the satisfaction of the court that it is
entitled to such HUD insurance/guaranty proceeds. Nevertheless, there can be no
assurance that the court will rule in favor of the Company or that the result of
such lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated
financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
F-35
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
13. Commitments, Contingencies and Related Party Transactions (continued)
In addition, as of December 31, 1999, the Company had purchased approximately
$2,000,000 in servicing receivables from Seller. Approximately $1,000,000 of the
servicing receivables should have been remitted to the Company by one payee on
or about September 10, 1999. The payee acknowledged that the funds were due, but
decided to hold the funds for an undetermined period without giving a specific
reason for doing so. As a result, the Company brought suit against the payee for
the funds in Texas state court. As a result of the Seller bankruptcy
proceedings, the lawsuit has been removed to the United States Bankruptcy Court
for the Northern District of Texas. The Company is also pursuing funds owed by
another payee for the servicing receivables as well, however, the Company has
not filed suit against the second payee for such funds. The Company believes it
is entitled to collect these receivables from both payees; however, no assurance
can be given that these receivables will in fact be collected.
The Company has been named as a defendant in a lawsuit, in which the Company
served as custodian for the self-directed IRAs of thirty-five of sixty-nine
plaintiffs. The plaintiffs claim to have lost a total of approximately
$12,000,000 as a result of the various defendants' activity, including the
broker and brokerage firm which allegedly recommended to the plaintiffs how to
invest their IRA funds. We believe that the Company processed each customer's
investment directions accurately and appropriately disclosed to each plaintiff
who was a customer of ours that the Company, acting in its capacity as custodian
of a self-directed IRA, has no responsibility for a customer's investment
decision. The broker in question is deceased, his estate apparently worthless
and the brokerage firm is in receivership. We believe that we have adequate
defenses to this matter and intend to defend ourselves vigorously, but there can
be no assurances that we will prevail, or that any adverse judgment will not
have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results
of operations or cash flows. The trial for this matter began on February 29,
2000.
The Company has been named defendant in an adversary proceeding in the United
States Bankruptcy Court for the Central District of California, which arises out
of bankruptcy proceedings. We believe the debtor in the bankruptcy proceedings,
when in business, was affiliated with another entity of a similar name
(affiliated entity). The Company sold approximately $2,000,000 of sub-prime auto
loans to the affiliated entity several years ago. The Chapter 7 trustee is
alleging preference and/or fraudulent transfer regarding the sale, because the
money may have come from the debtor. The Company believes that it has defenses
to this lawsuit. However, no assurances can be given that an adverse judgment
will not ultimately be rendered or that any adverse judgment would not have a
material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of
operations or cash flows.
The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to various other litigation
matters, in most cases involving ordinary and routine claims incidental to the
business of the Company. The ultimate legal and financial liability of the
Company, if any, with respect to the foregoing litigation cannot be estimated
with certainty. We believe that we have adequate defenses to these matters and
intend to defend ourselves vigorously, but there can be no assurances that we
will prevail or that any adverse judgment on these or the other matters
referenced above will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated
financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
F-36
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
13. Commitments, Contingencies and Related Party Transactions (continued)
Related Party Transactions
At December 31, 1999, the Company had unsecured loan receivables from an
executive officer and a shareholder of $67,000 and approximately $80,000,
respectively, which all bear interest at the prime rate and are renewable at the
Company's option. Due dates on the loan receivables are as follows: $67,000 due
January 31, 2001 and approximately $80,000 due January 31, 2001.
The Company occupies office space under a lease agreement expiring June 30,
2001, at a monthly rental payment of $13,553, in which four officers of
subsidiaries of the Company own an equity interest in the lessor.
14. Defined Contribution Plan
The Company has a 401(k) defined contribution plan (Plan) covering all employees
who have elected to participate in the Plan. Each participant may make pretax
contributions to the Plan up to 15 percent of such participant's earnings with a
maximum of $10,000 in 1999. The Company makes a matching contribution of 25
percent of the participant's total contribution. Matching contributions made by
the Company vest over six years. The cost of the plan approximated $211,000,
$162,000 and $116,000 during the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997,
respectively.
15. Financial Instruments
Off-Balance Sheet Risk and Concentration of Commitments
The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in
the normal course of its business. These instruments are commitments to
originate or purchase first mortgage loans and forward loan sale commitments
(see Note 13) and involve credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount
recognized in the consolidated balance sheet.
Commitments to originate or purchase mortgage loans amounted to approximately
$10,663,000 at December 31, 1999. The Company plans to fund the commitments in
its normal commitment period. The Company evaluates each customer's
creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis.
The Company's credit risks comprised the outstanding loans held for sale and
loans held for investment as shown in the consolidated balance sheets. The loans
are located throughout the United States and are collateralized primarily by a
first mortgage on the property.
F-37
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
15. Financial Instruments (continued)
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts and estimated fair value of financial instruments are as
follows:
December 31
1999 1998
-------------------------- ---------------------------
Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
Amount Value Amount Value
------------------------------------------------------
(In thousands)
Financial assets:
Cash $ 13,437 $ 13,437 $ 18,665 $ 18,665
Interest-earning deposits 13,172 13,172 8,120 8,120
Loans held for sale, net 977,751 982,525 754,226 758,279
Loans held for investment, net 125,764 126,937 94,222 94,476
Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas stock 22,414 22,414 15,643 15,643
Financial liabilities:
Deposits 562,194 563,473 490,516 492,003
Custodial escrow balances 94,206 94,206 96,824 96,824
Drafts payable 3,070 3,070 5,423 5,423
Payable for purchase of MSRs 3,163 3,163 12,103 12,103
Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas borrowings
405,000 405,067 168,000 171,544
Borrowed money and guaranteed preferred beneficial
interests 142,101 142,101 178,789 178,789
The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating the
fair value of the financial instruments:
The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash, interest-earnings
deposits, FHLB stock, drafts payable, payable for purchase of MSRs, and borrowed
money approximate those assets' and liabilities' fair values.
The fair values of loans are based on quoted market prices where available or
outstanding commitments from investors. If quoted market prices are not
available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of similar loans sold
in securitization transactions, adjusted for differences in loan
characteristics. The fair value of forward sale commitments are included in the
determination of the fair value of loans held for sale.
The fair value disclosed for FHLB borrowings are estimated using a discounted
cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered on
FHLB borrowings.
F-38
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
15. Financial Instruments (continued)
The fair value disclosed for demand deposits (e.g., interest and noninterest
checking, savings, and money market accounts) are, by definition, equal to the
amount payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e., their carrying amounts).
Fair values for fixed-rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a
discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being
offered on certificates to a schedule of aggregated expected periodic maturities
on time deposits. The component commonly referred to as deposit base intangible,
was not estimated at December 31, 1999 and 1998 and is not considered in the
fair value amount. The fair value disclosed for custodial escrow balances
liabilities (noninterest checking) is, by definition, equal to the amount
payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e., their carrying amounts).
16. Parent Company Condensed Financial Information
Condensed financial information of Matrix Bancorp, Inc. (Parent) is as follows:
December 31
1999 1998
-------- --------
Condensed Balance Sheets (In thousands)
Assets:
Cash $ 2 $ 158
Other receivables 1,801 105
Premises and equipment, net 2,254 2,393
Other assets 2,693 1,601
Investment in and advances to subsidiaries 117,290 88,791
-------- --------
Total assets $124,040 $ 93,048
======== ========
Liabilities and shareholders' equity:
Borrowed money and guaranteed preferred beneficial interests (a) $ 59,568 $ 42,275
Other liabilities 3,975 1,419
-------- --------
Total liabilities 63,543 43,694
Shareholders' equity:
Common stock 1 1
Additional paid in capital 22,780 22,416
Retained earnings 37,716 26,937
-------- --------
Total shareholders' equity 60,497 49,354
-------- --------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $124,040 $ 93,048
======== ========
(a) The Parent's debt is set forth below. The Parent also guarantees the
revolving warehouse and servicing acquisition loan agreements and the
financing related to the direct financing leases to charter schools. See
Note 8 for additional information regarding the debt.
F-39
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
16. Parent Company Condensed Financial Information (continued)
December 31
1999 1998
------- -------
(In thousands)
Revolving line of credit $ 1,800 $10,300
Senior subordinated notes -- 2,910
Bank stock loan 9,286 7,893
Note payable to a bank secured by real estate 982 870
Notes payable secured by MSRs -- 302
Senior notes 20,000 20,000
Guaranteed preferred beneficial interests 27,500 -
------- -------
Total $59,568 $42,275
======= =======
As of December 31, 1999, the maturities of term notes payable during the next
five years and thereafter are as follows:
(In thousands)
2000 $ 1,454
2001 7,882
2002 28
2003 30
2004 33
Thereafter 20,841
---------------------
$30,268
=====================
F-40
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
16. Parent Company Condensed Financial Information (continued)
Year Ended December 31
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
(In thousands)
Condensed Statements of Income
Income:
Interest income on loans $ 1,257 $ 17 $ 118
Other 616 463 352
------- ------- -------
Total income 1,873 480 470
Expenses:
Compensation and employee benefits 2,628 2,412 1,700
Occupancy and equipment 718 600 333
Interest on borrowed money 5,521 3,601 1,593
Professional fees 400 295 279
Other general and administrative 1,948 1,416 1,353
------- ------- -------
Total expenses 11,215 8,324 5,258
------- ------- -------
Loss before income taxes and equity income of
subsidiaries (9,342) (7,844) (4,788)
Income taxes (a) -- -- --
------- ------- -------
Loss before equity income of subsidiaries (9,342) (7,844) (4,788)
Equity income of subsidiaries 20,121 16,357 12,926
------- ------- -------
Net income $10,779 $ 8,513 $ 8,138
======= ======= =======
(a) The Company's tax sharing agreement with its subsidiaries provides that the
subsidiaries will pay the Parent an amount equal to its individual current
income tax provision calculated on the basis of the subsidiary filing a
separate return. In the event a subsidiary incurs a net operating loss in
future periods, the subsidiary will be paid an amount equal to the current
income tax refund the subsidiary would be due as a result of carryback of
such loss, calculated on the basis of the subsidiary filing a separate
return. Accordingly, the Parent's condensed statements of income do not
include any income tax benefit for the current losses.
F-41
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
16. Parent Company Condensed Financial Information (continued)
Year Ended December 31
1999 1998 1997
-------- -------- --------
(In thousands)
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 10,779 $ 8,513 $ 8,138
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used by operating
activities:
Equity income of subsidiaries (20,121) (16,357) (12,926)
Dividends from subsidiaries 11,468 4,534 2,916
Depreciation and amortization 763 281 192
Increase in other liabilities 2,556 169 864
(Increase) decrease in other receivables and other assets (1,754) 945 (701)
-------- -------- --------
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities 3,691 (1,915) (1,517)
Investing activities:
Purchases of premises and equipment (221) (964) (168)
Investment in and advances to subsidiaries (19,846) (14,926) (15,833)
-------- -------- --------
Net cash used by investing activities (20,067) (15,890) (16,001)
Financing activities:
Payments of notes payable and revolving line of credit (30,007) (14,774) (7,870)
Proceeds from notes payable and revolving line of credit 19,800 31,047 7,500
Proceeds from senior notes, net -- -- 19,100
Proceeds from junior subordinated debentures 26,063 -- --
Proceeds from issuance of common stock 364 231 202
-------- -------- --------
Net cash provided by financing activities 16,220 16,504 18,932
-------- -------- --------
(Decrease) increase in cash (156) (1,301) 1,414
Cash at beginning of year 158 1,459 45
-------- -------- --------
Cash at end of year $ 2 $ 158 $ 1,459
======== ======== ========
F-42
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
17. Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
1999 1998
--------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------
Fourth Third Second First Fourth Third Second First
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- --------- --------
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Operations
Net interest income after
provision for loan and
valuation losses $ 6,847 $ 6,454 $ 6,429 $ 6,553 $ 4,326 $ 6,445 $ 4,973 $ 3,839
Noninterest income 15,383 15,085 15,686 14,206 13,154 11,326 11,346 10,919
Noninterest expense 17,820 17,091 17,816 16,859 15,273 13,802 12,630 11,234
---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------
Income before income taxes 4,410 4,448 4,299 3,900 2,207 3,969 3,689 3,524
Income taxes 1,712 1,662 1,509 1,395 762 1,432 1,343 1,339
---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------
Net income $ 2,698 $ 2,786 $ 2,790 $ 2,505 $ 1,445 $ 2,537 $ 2,346 $ 2,185
========== ========== ========== ========= ============ ========= ========= =========
Net Income Per Share Data
Basic $ .40 $ .41 $ .41 $ .37 $ .22 $ .38 $ .35 $ .33
========== ========== ========== ========= ============ ========= ========= =========
Diluted $ .40 $ .41 $ .41 $ .37 $ .21 $ .37 $ .34 $ .32
========== ========== ========== ========= ============ ========= ========= =========
Balance Sheet
Total assets $1,283,746 $1,059,815 $1,034,699 $ 996,519 $1,012,155 $ 929,607 $ 834,657 $ 698,517
Total loans, net 1,103,515 887,032 835,960 803,002 848,448 753,464 696,358 573,586
Shareholders' equity 60,497 57,500 54,714 51,869 49,354 47,699 45,158 42,797
18. Transactions with MCA Mortgage Corporation
During recent years, the Company entered into several purchase transactions with
MCA Mortgage Corporation (MCA), a Michigan-based mortgage banking entity. At
December 31, 1998, the Company was carrying approximately $5,000,000 of
residential mortgage loans on its balance sheet that were purchased from MCA on
a servicing retained basis. The Company also had an outstanding receivable
relating to brokerage and consulting services provided to MCA. In January 1999,
the Company learned that MCA was closing its operations. Additionally, in
February 1999, the Company learned that MCA had declared bankruptcy and it
appeared likely that some of the loans purchased by the Company had been sold
multiple times or pledged multiple times as security for repayment of various
credit facilities. The Company also discovered that there appeared to be
servicing issues relating to some of the purchased loans. The servicing issues
consisted of instances in which loans owned by the Company and serviced by MCA
had previously paid off, but for which MCA had continued to remit monthly
principal and interest, rather than the payoff proceeds. As a result of the
above MCA issues, the Company recorded a provision for valuation losses of
approximately $2,200,000 as of December 31, 1998. Additionally, the Company
wrote off approximately $100,000 of accounts receivable and accrued interest
relating to MCA as of December 31, 1998. No additional losses were incurred in
1999 related to MCA.
F-43
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
19. Transactions with Harbor Financial Mortgage Corporation
During the last two years, the Company entered into several transactions with
Harbor Financial Mortgage Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary New
America Financial Inc. (collectively "Harbor"). The transactions included the
purchase of nonperforming FHA/VA loans, servicing retained, on a
scheduled/actual remittance; the purchase of performing residential mortgage
loans including sub-prime loans, servicing retained, on a scheduled/scheduled
remittance with full recourse; the acquisition of mortgage servicing rights; and
the purchase of receivables related to servicing sales by Harbor to third
parties.
In July 1999, the Company's monthly remittance related to the above transactions
were shorted approximately $5,900,000. The Company purchased loans from Harbor
in lieu of the payment of the remittance shortfall. Based on management's
estimates, the Company will collect sufficient value from the loans to cover the
remittance shortfall. In October 1999, within 90 days of the July transaction,
Harbor filed bankruptcy. Due to the timing of the bankruptcy, the Harbor trustee
may attempt to challenge the July purchase under his avoidance powers pursuant
to applicable bankruptcy laws. If challenged, the Company feels that it has
defenses to the avoidance claims.
As of December 31, 1999, the Company owned and serviced approximately
$120,000,000 of nonperforming FHA/VA loans, $25,000,000 of residential loans,
and $2,000,000 of servicing receivables. See additional information regarding
this matter in Note 13, beginning with the Company's lawsuit commenced on
September 24, 1999.
20. Segments of the Company and Related Information
The Company has three reportable segments under Statement No. 131: the Company's
traditional banking subsidiary, the Company's mortgage banking subsidiary and
the Company's servicing brokerage and consulting subsidiaries. The Company's
traditional banking subsidiary provides deposit and lending services to its
customers and also makes investments in residential mortgage loans and
residential MSRs. The Company's mortgage banking subsidiary acquires residential
MSRs and services the mortgage loans underlying those MSRs, and in addition,
originates residential mortgage loans through its wholesale loan origination
offices. The Company's servicing brokerage subsidiary offers brokerage,
consulting and risk management services for residential MSRs. The remaining
subsidiaries of the Company are included in the "all other" category for
purposes of the Statement No. 131 disclosures and consist of the Company's trust
operations, real estate disposition services, a broker/dealer and the Parent
company operations.
The Company evaluates performance and allocates resources based on operating
profit or loss before income taxes. The accounting policies of the reportable
segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant
accounting policies. Transactions between affiliates, the resulting revenues of
which are shown in the intersegment revenue category, are conducted at market
prices (i.e., prices that would be paid if the companies were not affiliates).
F-44
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
20. Segments of the Company and Related Information (continued)
For the years ended December 31:
Servicing
Traditional Mortgage Brokerage and
Banking Banking Consulting All Others Total
------- ------- ---------- ---------- -----
(In thousands)
1999
Revenues from external customers:
Interest income $ 66,057 $ 4,433 $ -- $ 3,260 $ 73,750
Noninterest income 13,903 24,779 9,662 12,016 60,360
Intersegment revenues (68) 2,782 861 3,183 6,758
Interest expense 30,812 6,572 1 6,902 44,287
Depreciation/amortization 3,691 13,498 216 1,125 18,530
Segment profit (loss) 29,047 (4,529) 3,871 (11,332) 17,057
Segment assets (a) 1,138,650 93,252 1,803 67,086 1,300,791
1998
Revenues from external customers:
Interest income 52,445 8,227 -- 22 60,694
Noninterest income 7,603 22,017 9,993 7,132 46,745
Intersegment revenues (133) 991 501 1,665 3,024
Interest expense 24,972 7,895 1 3,636 36,504
Depreciation/amortization 1,516 10,334 227 1,005 13,082
Segment profit (loss) 21,470 (4,725) 4,119 (7,475) 13,389
Segment assets (a) 821,448 181,398 3,143 28,304 1,034,293
1997
Revenues from external customers:
Interest income 27,313 4,664 -- 172 32,149
Noninterest income 6,410 21,623 4,283 5,713 38,029
Intersegment revenues 33 1,213 230 1,141 2,617
Interest expense 11,812 4,781 1 1,667 18,261
Depreciation/amortization 1,344 5,835 214 510 7,903
Segment profit (loss) 10,290 6,269 1,393 (4,655) 13,297
Segment assets (a) 486,857 111,064 1,225 24,759 623,905
(a) See reconciliation to total consolidated assets in the following table.
F-45
Matrix Bancorp, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)
20. Segments of the Company and Related Information (continued)
1999 1998 1997
------------------ ----------------- -----------------
Revenues for year ended December 31
Interest income for reportable segments $ 70,490 $ 60,672 $ 31,977
Noninterest income for reportable segments 48,344 39,613 32,316
Intersegment revenues for reportable segments 3,575 1,359 1,476
Other revenues 18,459 8,819 7,026
Elimination of intersegment revenues (6,758) (3,024) (2,617)
------------------ ----------------- -----------------
Total consolidated revenues $ 134,110 $ 107,439 $ 70,178
================== ================= =================
Profit for year ended December 31
Total profit for reportable segments $ 28,389 $ 20,864 $ 17,952
Other loss (11,047) (7,367) (4,531)
Adjustment to intersegment loss in consolidation (285) (108) (124)
------------------ ----------------- -----------------
Income before income taxes $ 17,057 $ 13,389 $ 13,297
================== ================= =================
Assets as of December 31
Total assets for reportable segments $1,233,705 $1,005,989 $ 599,146
Other assets 67,086 28,304 24,759
Elimination of intercompany receivables (16,689) (21,905) (17,200)
Other eliminations (356) (233) (124)
------------------ ----------------- -----------------
Total consolidated assets $1,283,746 $1,012,155 $ 606,581
================== ================= =================
Other Significant Items for the year ended
December 31
Depreciation/amortization expense:
Segment totals $ 17,405 $ 12,077 $ 7,393
Adjustments 1,125 1,005 510
------------------ ----------------- -----------------
Consolidated totals $ 18,530 $ 13,082 $ 7,903
================== ================= =================
Interest expense:
Segment totals $ 37,385 $ 32,868 $ 6,594
Adjustments 6,902 3,636 1,667
------------------ ----------------- -----------------
Consolidated totals $ 44,287 $ 36,504 $ 18,261
================== ================= =================
F-46