SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K /X/ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004. OR / / TRANSITION REPORT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from __________ to __________ Commission file number 0-23970 FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) DELAWARE 77-0216135 (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer incorporation or organization) Identification No.) 2 Huntington Quadrangle, Suite 2S01 11747 Melville, New York (Zip code) (Address of principal executive offices) Registrant's telephone number, including area code: 631-777-5188 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, $.001 par value Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes |X| No / / Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. |X| Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes |X| No / / Aggregate market value of Common Stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as of June 30, 2004 was $182,607,166 which value, solely for the purposes of this calculation excludes shares held by Registrant's officers and directors. Such exclusion should not be deemed a determination by Registrant that all such individuals are, in fact, affiliates of the Registrant. The number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding as of February 21, 2005 was 47,798,909 and 47,521,809, respectively.DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: The information required by Part III of Form 10-K will be incorporated by reference to certain portions of a definitive proxy statement which is expected to be filed by the Company pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after the close of its fiscal year. 2 FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 2004 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PART I. Item 1. Business.............................................................4 Item 2. Properties..........................................................10 Item 3. Legal Proceedings...................................................10 Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.................10 PART II. Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters.................................................11 Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data................................11 Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations...........................................14 Item 7A. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risk..........32 Item 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data............33 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.................................56 Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.............................................56 Item 9B. Other Information...................................................56 PART III. Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant..................56 Item 11. Executive Compensation..............................................57 Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management......57 Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions......................57 Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services..............................57 PART IV. Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules ............................58 SIGNATURES....................................................................60 PART I ITEM 1. BUSINESS OVERVIEW FalconStor Software, Inc. ("FalconStor" or the "Company") provides network storage software solutions and related maintenance, implementation and engineering services. FalconStor's unique open software approach to storage networking enables companies to embrace state-of-the-art equipment (based on SCSI, Fibre Channel or iSCSI) from any storage manufacturer without rendering their existing or legacy solutions obsolete. Several strategic partners have recognized the industrial strength of FalconStor's flagship software, IPStor(R), and have utilized it to power their special purpose storage appliances to deliver a variety of storage related services including Real Time Data Migration, Continuous Data Replication, Continuous Data Protection, Virtual Tape Library backup, and other advanced storage services. IPStor leverages the high performance IP- or FC- based network to help corporate IT departments aggregate storage capacity and contain the escalating cost of administering business-critical storage services such as snapshot, backup, data replication, and other storage services in a distributed environment. Over 500 customers around the world have deployed FalconStor solutions in production environments to manage their storage infrastructure with minimal TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) and optimal ROI (Return on Investment). FalconStor's products have been certified by such industry leaders as Adaptec, Alacritech, ATTO Technology, Bell Microproducts, Brocade, Cisco, Engenio Information Technologies, Emulex, Fujitsu, Gadzoox, Hewlett Packard, Hitachi Data Systems, Hitachi Engineering Co., Ltd., IBM, Intel, LSI Logic, McData Corporation, Microsoft, NEC, Network Appliance, Novell, NS Solutions Corporation (subsidiary of The Nippon Steel Corporation, Japan), Oracle, QLogic, Quantum, Sony, StorageTek, SUN and Tivoli. FalconStor has agreements with original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs") including Accton, Acer, Inc., AXIOMTEK, Copan Systems, Evesham Technology, MaXXan, NEC, Next IT, Runtop StorageTek, Systex Corp. and others to incorporate FalconStor's technology with such companies' products. INDUSTRY BACKGROUND According to storage industry experts, escalating disaster recovery requirements, increasing government regulations, and the growing focus on cost management, efficiency and return on investment, are key spending factors driving the overall growth of the IT storage market for the next several years. Consolidation of storage systems on a common platform has consistently been cited as the biggest spending driver by a number of industry analysts. In fact, enterprises are buying new Storage Area Network (SAN) capacity from their preferred vendors to handle data moved off other platforms. Moreover, companies of all sizes (small/medium businesses, as well as large enterprises) have indicated that regulations such as HIPAA are forcing them to adopt new data-retention systems and procedures, which are also driving storage spending. TheInfoPro (TIP), a technology research network, investigates the storage market every six months by conducting hundreds of in-depth interviews with storage professionals from Fortune 1000, mid-market and European enterprises. This bi-annual study of the Storage Networking & Storage Management markets gathers data on budgeted technology implementations, future spending plans, capacity changes and business drivers behind the storage deployments. TIP has been studying the Networked Storage market since 2002 and the two studies released in 2004 provide a "grass roots" perspective of FalconStor's core markets. The IT professionals at Fortune 1000 companies interviewed for the survey indicated that they are expecting SAN growth of 50% in 2005. Expected Network Attached Storage (NAS) growth also remains strong, having doubled in 2004 to an average of 44 Terabytes, with planned growth of 51% in 2005. What is driving Networked Storage growth? IT and storage professionals cited several factors: - A STRONG MOVE AWAY FROM DIRECT ATTACHED STORAGE (DAS). Fortune 1000 companies are moving all servers to a Networked Storage environment and the same move is beginning to happen with mid-market companies as well. 4 - ORGANIC GROWTH OF DATABASES AND APPLICATIONS. Business-critical applications such as Oracle and SAP, as well as e-mail systems including Microsoft Exchange and Lotus/Notes Domino, all continue to grow substantially year over year. In addition Application Development to enhance the infrastructure requires more capacity. - INFORMATION LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT. New and demanding Government regulations, especially as they relate to archiving, e-mail management, and data replication to remote locations, are driving storage investments and additional capacity requirements. - EASE OF MANAGEMENT. Most companies can not effectively perform data back up procedures if the storage is not networked. A move to Tiered Storage is underfoot with high performing, Fibre Channel SANs augmented by: - Mid-tier Fibre Channel SANs - IP-based SANs - Serial ATA Disk Drives - NAS - Content Addressed Storage TheInfoPro created an industry standard "Technology Heat Index" based on the current and planned usage of over forty different storage networking and storage management technologies, prioritizing them based on near term spending. According to TheInfoPro research, although there was huge interest in Serial ATA technologies in 2003, only a small number of companies actually deployed and used these technologies. By the middle of 2004, usage of ATA drives increased nearly 40%. Initially, ATA had been used as a staging media before backing up to tape. As the early adopters became more comfortable with the usage characteristics, including improved performance and greater reliability, they began to plan other uses for the technology such as replication, as well as using it as a medium for less mission critical data. The move to Serial ATAs along with IP SANs, gives IT storage professionals options and the ability to store data based on importance and usage. Fifty one percent of surveyed IT professionals are in the midst of server consolidation. In addition, 70% of respondents cited server virtualization as already in use or under consideration. Previously the infrastructure costs, notably HBAs and switches, had been a limiting factor in deploying additional server assets on the SAN. Now with the confluence of tiered storage, server consolidation and server virtualization, enterprises can deploy and manage more servers, and therefore more data, in a networked storage environment. The study also showed the continued impact of regulations and business continuance as evidenced by the high scores for Archiving, e-mail management, and Remote Replication in the survey, which is reflective of the growing need for Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) solutions. IT and Storage professionals are actively seeking an "ILM engine" that would allow them to develop a data lifecycle strategy which can set policy on data types and seamlessly move data through storage tiers based on characteristics that include: Security, Quality of Service (QoS), Replication and Disaster Recovery needs, as well as Access Patterns. The functionality required by IT and storage professionals in an effective ILM solution include: Data Mobility, Categorization, and Classification Tools designed to seamlessly transfer and protect data between tiers of storage. TheInfoPro also reported that Fortune 1000 users have, on average, 138TB and 22TB of SAN and NAS capacity, respectively. As expected, the numbers are different for users in the small to medium-sized enterprise (SME) market. SME respondents reported an average of 91TB on SAN and 4TB on NAS. Furthermore, NAS capacity at SMEs is expected to grow 102% on average, while SAN capacity is expected to grow 43% on average. (TheInfoPro characterizes SMEs as companies with revenues between $600 million and $1 billion.) Storage Resource Management and Storage Network Management software continue to gain adoption on a worldwide basis. Businesses of all sizes, from the small and medium to the large enterprise, are proactively seeking solutions that enable them to preserve and optimize their existing IT investments, while concurrently 5 providing the storage-related services required to meet data retention regulations, establish information lifecycle management and business continuance strategies, and deploy end-to-end data protection methods. PRODUCTS AND TECHNOLOGY IPStor Enterprise Edition (IPStor), FalconStor's flagship product, is the foundation on which all FalconStor solutions are built. IPStor Enterprise Edition is comprised of a comprehensive set of state of the art network storage software designed to deliver an open, intelligent SAN/NAS infrastructure across heterogeneous environments. FalconStor has also developed and currently offers turnkey, IPStor-powered network storage appliances, which are available and supported by major OEMs, as well as system integrators and resellers worldwide. SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS FalconStor software solutions deliver the advanced services needed to optimize the protection, availability and storage of enterprise data, in addition to maximizing performance and availability of enterprise applications. FalconStor solutions have been specifically designed to help enterprise data centers minimize total cost of ownership (TCO) and maximize return on investment (ROI). The base IPStor software, running on either a layer of stand-alone or a pair of clustered Linux/Solaris servers (the IPStor Appliances), is responsible for aggregating and provisioning storage capacity and services to application servers via all industry standard protocols with speed, security, reliability, interoperability, and scalability. o IPStor solutions developed to deliver continuous PROTECTION of corporate data maintain 24x7 availability and usability of data in the event of non-catastrophic unplanned or planned hardware outage, or software error. These solutions also reduce the risk of data loss due to a site failure, media error, robotic failure, or human error, and allow data to be recovered quickly and accurately. o IPStor solutions developed to deliver continuous AVAILABILITY of corporate data maintained via network attached storage or direct attached storage enable rapid recommencement of business in the event of catastrophic outages, such as, a flood in the main data center. o IPStor solutions developed to optimize STORAGE increase overall storage performance to maximize return on existing investments in IT infrastructure, cost effectively migrate data, based on policy, between heterogeneous storage subsystems, and eliminate system outages caused by insufficient storage space. o IPStor solutions developed to help enterprise data centers minimize total cost of ownership and maximize return on investment consolidate heterogeneous storage environments and servers, and centralize storage management under one simple interface. STORAGE APPLIANCES Addressing one of the fastest growing segments of the storage industry, small/medium businesses (SMBs), FalconStor has entered into agreements with resellers and with OEMs to develop "storage appliances" that combine specific IPStor functionality with third party hardware to create cost effective, turnkey storage solutions that are easy to deploy and maintain. Currently, FalconStor's resellers and/or OEM partners offer the following storage appliances: o REALTIME DATA MIGRATION APPLIANCES use a Fibre Channel SAN to transport data across different vendors' storage subsystems without reconfiguring or shutting down the host. o VIRTUALTAPE LIBRARY/VIRTUAL DISK ISCSI AND FIBRE CHANNEL APPLIANCES use disk to enhance the reliability, speed, and availability of backups, while consolidating the management and provisioning of backup resources without changing existing tape backup software and procedures. With backup windows shrinking and rapid data restoration more critical than ever, the VirtualTape Library Appliance allows users to utilize disk storage to emulate multiple tape libraries concurrently and to accelerate backup/restore speed. o ISCSI STORAGE APPLIANCES leverage the industry standard iSCSI protocol and an existing IP network to create a reliable SAN solution for small or remote offices, as well as small data centers, at an affordable price. These appliances aggregate and provision storage capacity and provide services that deliver rapid recovery, continuous data protection and disaster recovery capabilities. 6 BUSINESS STRATEGY FalconStor intends to continue its position as a leading network storage software provider to enterprises worldwide. FalconStor also intends to enter the non-enterprise storage market by offering products for use in the Small/Medium Business (SMB) and Small Office/Home Office (SOHO) markets. FalconStor intends to achieve these objectives through the following strategies: o MAINTAIN A LEADERSHIP POSITION IN NETWORK STORAGE SOFTWARE. FalconStor intends to leverage its protocol-agnostic architecture to maintain a leadership position in the network storage software market. The network storage software market is defined by rapid change, and FalconStor plans to continue to focus its research and development efforts to invent and to bring to market innovative solutions. o EXPAND PRODUCT OFFERINGS. During the past year, FalconStor offered additional options for its IPStor software. In addition, FalconStor expanded its offerings of storage appliances consisting of third-party hardware loaded with IPStor functionality. FalconStor intends to continue to expand the options available for IPStor and to offer additional storage appliances. o INCREASE MARKET PENETRATION AND BRAND RECOGNITION. FalconStor plans to promote its products and corporate awareness by: o forming strategic partnerships with leading industry players; o participating in industry events, conferences and trade shows; and o continuing targeted promotions and public relations campaigns. FalconStor believes that establishing a strong brand identity as a network storage software solution provider is important to its future success. o ESTABLISH A GLOBAL PRESENCE. FalconStor believes that significant market share can be achieved in Europe and Asia. FalconStor, through its European headquarters, plans to expand its operational capabilities in Europe. In addition, through its Asia headquarters, FalconStor believes that it is developing a strong business presence in the Asia/Pacific Rim. o EXPAND TECHNOLOGIES AND CAPABILITIES THROUGH STRATEGIC ACQUISITIONS AND ALLIANCES. FalconStor believes that opportunities exist to expand its technological capabilities, product offerings and services through acquisitions of businesses or software technology and strategic alliances. When evaluating potential acquisitions and strategic alliances, FalconStor will focus on transactions that enable it to acquire: o important enabling technology; o complementary applications; o marketing, sales, customer and technological synergies; and/or o key personnel. o SEEK OEM RELATIONSHIPS WITH INDUSTRY LEADERS. FalconStor intends to continue to enter into original equipment manufacturer ("OEM") agreements with strategic switch, storage, appliance and operating system vendors. Besides accelerating overall marketing growth, the OEM relationships should bolster FalconStor's product recognition, corporate credibility and revenue stream. 7 o OFFER PRODUCTS AND SERVICES TO THE SMB AND SOHO MARKETS. FalconStor intends to work with industry partners so that these partners can offer storage solutions or services to the SMB and SOHO markets. These solutions and services may take the form of special purpose appliances or applications, or hosted storage. SALES, MARKETING AND CUSTOMER SERVICE FalconStor plans to continue to sell its products primarily through agreements with OEMs, value-added resellers (sometimes called "solution providers") and distributors. o ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER RELATIONSHIPS. OEMs collaborate with FalconStor to integrate FalconStor's products into their own product offerings or resell FalconStor's products under their own label. o VALUE-ADDED RESELLER AND DISTRIBUTOR RELATIONSHIPS. FalconStor has entered into value-added reseller and distributor agreements to help sell its product in various geographic areas. FalconStor's value-added resellers and distributors market various FalconStor products and receive a discount off list price on products sold. o STORAGE APPLIANCES. FalconStor has entered into agreements with strategic partners in which various FalconStor products are adapted to the strategic partner's special-purpose storage appliances to provide various services to end users. o DIRECT SALES TO END USERS. In a limited number of circumstances, FalconStor has entered into software license agreements directly with end users for FalconStor's products. FalconStor's marketing department consists of marketing professionals dedicated to advertising, public relations, marketing communications, events and channel partner programs. FalconStor's marketing efforts focus on building brand recognition and developing leads for the sales force. FalconStor Professional Services personnel are also available to assist customers and partners throughout the product life cycle of IPStor deployments. The Professional Services team includes seasoned "Storage Architects" who can assist in the assessment, planning/design, deployment, and testing phases of an IPStor deployment project, and a Technical Support group for post-deployment assistance and on-going trouble-shooting. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT The storage software industry is subject to rapid technological advancements, changes in customer requirements, developing industry standards, and regular new product introductions and enhancements. As a result, FalconStor's success, in part, depends upon its ability to continue to improve existing solutions and to develop and introduce new products on a cost-effective and timely basis. FalconStor believes its continued investment in research and development is critical to its ability to continue to provide new and enhanced products addressing emerging market needs. There can be no assurance that FalconStor will successfully develop new products to address new customer requirements and technological changes, or that such products will achieve market acceptance. FalconStor's research and development staff consisted of 105 employees as of December 31, 2004. Research and development expenses, primarily consisting of personnel expenses, were approximately $6.3 million, $7.1 million and $9.1 million in 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively. FalconStor anticipates that research and development expenses will increase in 2005. COMPETITION As the demand for network-based storage products and services increases, more competitors will enter this high-growth market segment. Although there are several companies attempting to offer unified storage services to application hosts attached to CIFS, NFS, iSCSI and Fibre Channel (FC) networks, FalconStor believes it is the only software-based solution capable of accommodating storage devices with industry-standard interfaces and provisioning the virtualized resource over FC, IP/iSCSI, NFS and CIFS with comprehensive storage services and 8 end-to-end manageability. However, some of FalconStor's product capabilities compete with products from a number of companies with substantially greater financial resources, such as Network Appliance, Inc., and Veritas Software Corporation. FalconStor is not aware of any other software company providing unified storage services running on a standard Linux or Solaris based appliance. FalconStor believes that the principal competitive factors affecting its market include product features such as scalability, data availability, ease of use, price, reliability, hardware/platform neutrality, customer service and support. Additionally, as more partners offer appliances, the Company has experienced competitive pressures from smaller, niche players in the industry. However, FalconStor believes these potential competitors currently do not offer the depth or breadth of storage services delivered by FalconStor, nor do they possess the experience and technological innovation needed to develop and deliver reliable, fully integrated, and proven storage services. As FalconStor moves into the non-enterprise storage market, the products and services offered by its partners may compete with existing or new products and services offered by current and new entrants to the market. FalconStor's success will depend largely on its ability to generate market demand and awareness of its products and to develop additional or enhanced products in a timely manner. FalconStor's success will also depend on its ability to convince potential partners of the benefits of licensing its software rather than competing technologies. FalconStor's future and existing competitors could introduce products with superior features, scalability and functionality at lower prices than FalconStor's products and could also bundle existing or new products with other more established products to compete with FalconStor. Increased competition could result in price reductions and reduced gross margins, which could harm FalconStor's business. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY FalconStor's success is dependent in part upon its proprietary technology. Currently, the IPStor software suite is the core of its proprietary technology. FalconStor currently has one patent and numerous pending patent applications, nine registered trademarks - including "FalconStor," "FalconStor Software" and "IPStor" - and many pending trademark applications related to FalconStor and its products. FalconStor seeks to protect its proprietary rights and other intellectual property through a combination of copyright, trademark and trade secret protection, as well as through contractual protections such as proprietary information agreements and nondisclosure agreements. The technological and creative skills of its personnel, new product developments, frequent product enhancements and reliable product maintenance are essential to establishing and maintaining a technology leadership position. FalconStor generally enters into confidentiality or license agreements with its employees, consultants and corporate partners, and generally controls access to and distribution of its software, documentation and other proprietary information. Despite FalconStor's efforts to protect its proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use its products or technology. Monitoring unauthorized use of its products is difficult, and there can be no assurance that the steps taken by FalconStor will prevent misappropriation of its technology, particularly in foreign countries where laws may not protect its proprietary rights as fully as do the laws of the United States. MAJOR CUSTOMERS For the year ended December 31, 2004, FalconStor had one customer that accounted for 16% of revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2003 FalconStor did not have any customers that accounted for over 10% of revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2002, FalconStor had one customer that accounted for 16% of revenues. As of December 31, 2004, the Company had three customers with accounts receivable balances greater than 5% of gross accounts receivable, which in the aggregate were 30% of the accounts receivable balance. As of December 31, 2003, the Company had two customers with accounts receivable balances greater than 5% of gross accounts receivable, which in the aggregate were 11% of the accounts receivable balance. 9 EMPLOYEES As of December 31, 2004, FalconStor had 217 full-time employees, consisting of 61 in sales and marketing, 38 in service, 105 in research and development and 13 in general administration. FalconStor is not subject to any collective bargaining agreements and believes its employee relations are good. INTERNET ADDRESS AND AVAILABILITY OF FILINGS FalconStor's internet address is www.falconstor.com. FalconStor makes available free of charge on or through its Internet website, FalconStor's Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable after FalconStor electronically files such material with, or furnishes it to, the SEC. FalconStor complied with this policy for every Securities Exchange Act of 1934 report filed during the year ended December 31, 2004. ITEM 2. PROPERTIES FalconStor's headquarters are located in an approximately 45,000 square foot facility located in Melville, New York, of which 34,000 square feet is currently being utilized. Offices are also leased for development, sales and marketing personnel, which total an aggregate of approximately 24,500 square feet in Le Chesnay, France; Taichung, Taiwan; Tokyo, Japan; Beijing and Shanghai, China; Munich, Germany; and Seoul, Korea. Initial lease terms range from one to eight years, with multiple renewal options. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims, asserted or unasserted, which arise in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of any such matters cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe that such matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or liquidity. ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS None 10 PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS MARKET INFORMATION Our Common Stock is listed on The Nasdaq National Market ("Nasdaq") under the symbol "FALC". The following table sets forth the range of high and low closing sales prices of our Common Stock for the periods indicated as reported by Nasdaq: 2004 2003 --------------------- ------------------ High Low High Low ---- --- ---- ----- Fourth Quarter $ 9.57 $ 6.21 $ 9.15 $ 6.11 Third Quarter $ 7.85 $ 5.13 $ 6.89 $ 4.54 Second Quarter $ 8.35 $ 6.15 $ 7.11 $ 3.56 First Quarter $10.15 $ 6.57 $ 4.57 $ 3.47 HOLDERS OF COMMON STOCK We had approximately 184 holders of record of Common Stock as of February 21, 2005. This does not reflect persons or entities whom hold Common Stock in nominee or "street" name through various brokerage firms. DIVIDENDS We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock since inception. We expect to reinvest any future earnings to finance growth, and therefore do not intend to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Our board of directors may determine to pay future cash dividends if it determines that dividends are an appropriate use of Company capital. ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA The selected consolidated financial data with respect to our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2004, 2003, 2002, 2001 and 2000 and the related consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003, 2002 and 2001 and the period from inception (February 10, 2000) through December 31, 2000 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto and the information contained in Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." 11 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS DATA: PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (FEBRUARY YEAR ENDED YEAR ENDED YEAR ENDED YEAR ENDED 10, 2000) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31 DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31, 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA) Revenues: Software license revenue ............................... $ 21,488 $ 12,251 $ 8,667 $ 4,714 $ -- Maintenance revenue .................................... 4,443 2,473 1,297 17 -- Software services and other revenue .................... 2,778 2,220 665 861 143 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- 28,709 16,944 10,629 5,592 143 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Operating expenses: Amortization of purchased and capitalized software ..... 1,394 1,394 899 273 -- Cost of maintenance, software services and other revenue 4,150 2,580 1,309 897 224 Software development costs ............................. 9,050 7,068 6,281 5,004 1,379 Selling and marketing .................................. 14,277 10,967 9,856 8,085 327 General and administrative ............................. 5,109 2,878 2,592 2,732 534 Litigation settlement .................................. 1,300 -- -- -- -- Lease abandonment charge ............................... -- 550 -- -- -- Impairment of prepaid royalty .......................... -- -- 483 -- -- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- 35,280 25,437 21,420 16,991 2,464 -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Operating loss .............................. (6,571) (8,493) (10,791) (11,399) (2,321) -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Interest and other income .............................. 714 1,122 1,585 1,365 225 Impairment of long-lived assets ........................ -- 35 (2,300) -- -- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Loss before income taxes ............................... (5,857) (7,336) (11,506) (10,034) (2,096) Provision for income taxes ............................ 32 33 37 22 -- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Net loss ............................................... $ (5,889) $ (7,369) $(11,543) $(10,056) $ (2,096) -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Beneficial conversion feature attributable to convertible preferred stock ....................................... -- -- -- 3,896 -- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Net loss attributable to common shareholders ......................................... $ (5,889) $ (7,369) $(11,543) $(13,952) $ (2,096) ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common shareholders ............. $ (0.13) $ (0.16) $ (0.26) $ (0.40) $ (0.09) ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding ................... 46,967 45,968 45,233 35,264 24,383 ======== ======== ======== ======== ======== 12 CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET DATA: DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31, 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- (IN THOUSANDS) Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities $33,973 $36,685 $51,102 $64,527 $ 7,727 Working capital 36,452 39,527 47,746 57,518 7,254 Total assets 56,074 56,493 64,710 74,471 8,594 Long-term obligations 1,290 396 -- 283 -- Stockholders' equity 46,364 50,556 55,901 63,562 8,057 13 ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS THE FOLLOWING MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS CONTAINS "FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS" WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 27A OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 AND SECTION 21E OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934. THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS CAN BE IDENTIFIED BY THE USE OF PREDICTIVE, FUTURE-TENSE OR FORWARD-LOOKING TERMINOLOGY, SUCH AS "BELIEVES," "ANTICIPATES," "EXPECTS," "ESTIMATES," "PLANS," "MAY," "INTENDS," "WILL," OR SIMILAR TERMS. INVESTORS ARE CAUTIONED THAT ANY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE NOT GUARANTEES OF FUTURE PERFORMANCE AND INVOLVE SIGNIFICANT RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES, AND THAT ACTUAL RESULTS MAY DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE PROJECTED IN THE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION SHOULD BE READ TOGETHER WITH THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND NOTES TO THOSE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS INCLUDED ELSEWHERE IN THIS REPORT. OVERVIEW In 2004, we continued our growth and we had our first profitable quarter. Our revenues for the full year increased to $28.7 million from $16.9 million in 2003. We are pleased that we were profitable in the fourth quarter of 2004. However, our focus will continue to be on managing our business with a view towards long-term success and growth. To this end, in 2004 we continued to invest in research and development and other areas to position the Company for future growth. We will continue to invest in these areas in 2005 and anticipate that our research and development expenses will increase in 2005. To continue to create industry-leading cutting-edge network storage solutions, we hired additional software development engineers and quality assurance engineers. These software engineers design and test the software products that are or will be sold by our OEM partners and resellers. Continuing to deliver products to meet the demands of the storage market is necessary for us to remain competitive and to continue our growth. It is important to our success that our products meet the needs of end users and that our products are - and are viewed by the market to be - innovative. In 2004, our products received recognition for their quality and innovation from several respected, independent, industry publications and organizations. This recognition helps us gain access to additional customers and assists us in closing sales. We also increased our sales force and our technical support team. An increased sales force should expand the market exposure for our products. The expanded technical support team responds to questions and technical issues from end users of our products and from our resellers and OEM partners. Providing top notch technical support to these groups enhances our ability to continue to make sales. End users who are satisfied with our technical support are more likely to order additional products from us. Resellers and OEM partners who are happy with our technical support, and whose end users are satisfied, will be more likely to recommend our current products and less likely to consider other providers for future products. The key factors we look to for our future business prospects continue to be our sales pipeline, our ability to establish and expand relationships with key industry OEMs and resellers, sales by our OEM partners, additional orders from resellers, growth in deferred revenue, re-orders from existing customers, and the growth of the overall market for storage solutions. Gross margins are also a key factor in evidencing the growth of our business. Our sales "pipeline" consists of inquiries from end users and resellers for possible purchases of our products. Our overall sales pipeline steadily increased for each quarter of 2004 compared with the same quarter in 2003. OEM relationships are important to us for two main reasons. First, sales by our OEM partners contribute to our revenues. Second, having our products selected by respected, established industry leaders signals to potential customers, resellers and other potential OEM partners that our products are quality products that add value to their enterprise. Before licensing software, OEM partners typically undertake broad reviews of all of the competing software solutions available. The choice of IPStor by major industry participants validates the design and the capabilities of our products. Overall, product licenses to OEMs accounted for approximately thirty percent of our revenues in 2004. One OEM customer accounted for over ten percent of our revenues. We anticipate that OEMs will account for thirty to forty 14 percent of our revenues in 2005. We expect that at least one OEM will account for at least ten percent of our revenues in 2005. Accordingly, the loss of this customer would have a material adverse effect on our business. In 2004, we signed a new agreement for our iSCSI Server for Windows Storage Server 2003 (WSS2003) powered by IPStor with a Tier 1 OEM. This product, which is private-labeled by the OEM, began shipping towards the end of 2004. In addition, a Tier 1 OEM with whom we signed an agreement in 2003 began shipping a private-labeled storage solution utilizing our VirtualTape Library software in the second quarter of 2004. During the fourth quarter of 2004, we also signed an agreement with an OEM partner for non-enterprise storage solutions. These OEM relationships are in addition to the OEM partnerships we already had with CNT, Maxxan and StorageTek, among others. We will continue to seek additional OEM opportunities in the future. We were disappointed that an OEM with whom we signed an agreement in 2003 did not launch their solution as planned in 2004. This decision, which we were informed by the OEM was not related to any problems with our software, caused us to have lower than expected revenues for 2004. We do everything we can to assure that our products meet the needs of our OEM partners and their customers. However, we cannot control decisions by our OEM partners to change their product or marketing mix in ways that impact sales of products licensed by the OEMs from us. Many enterprises look to value added resellers or solution providers to assist them in making their information technology purchases. These resellers typically review an enterprise's needs and suggest a hardware, software, or combined hardware and software solution to fulfill the enterprise's requirements. Resellers have wide choices in fulfilling their customers' needs. We have established strong relationships with many premier resellers. In 2004, we signed agreements with many new resellers worldwide. We also terminated relationships with several resellers who we believed were not properly selling our products. We will continue to enter into relationships with resellers and to discontinue relationships with resellers with whom we are not satisfied. As service providers to companies, resellers' reputations are dependent on satisfying their customers' needs efficiently and effectively. If resellers determine that a product they have been providing to their customers is not functioning as promised or is not providing adequate return on investment, or if the customers are complaining about the level of support they are receiving from the suppliers, the resellers will move quickly to offer different solutions to their customers. Additional sales by resellers are therefore an important indicator of our business prospects. We saw growth in the sales by most of our significant resellers in 2004 and expect that this growth will continue in 2005. Our deferred revenues consist primarily of revenue attributable to support and maintenance of our products. The level of deferred revenue is an important indicator of our success. Maintenance and support for our products is sold for fixed periods of time. Maintenance and support agreements are typically for one year, although some agreements are for terms in excess of one year. If we do not deliver the support needed by end users of our products or by our OEM partners and resellers, then they will not renew their maintenance and support agreements. If end users stop using our products, they also will not renew their maintenance and support agreements. An increase in deferred revenues thus indicates growth in our installed base and end user and OEM satisfaction with our maintenance and support services. Our deferred revenue increased to $5.4 million as of December 31, 2004, compared with $2.6 million as of December 31, 2003. We expect deferred revenue to continue to grow in 2005. The level of re-orders from existing end users of our products is another measure of customer satisfaction. Information technology professionals will only order additional products and services for their companies if they determine that the products have reduced total cost of ownership and have provided a good return on investment. Re-orders are thus an indication that our products are delivering as promised and that our support is meeting the end user's needs. In 2004, many end users ordered additional copies of IPStor, additional products or ordered additional options. If re-orders decline, it would indicate that future sales might also decline. As the percentage of our revenues from OEMs increases, the analytical value of re-orders decreases because our OEM partners typically do not provide us with information identifying the end user for each order. The storage solutions market continues to grow. (Please see the discussion on page 4.) As we predicted last year, in addition to growth based on demand for storage server consolidation and replication, there was growth in backup acceleration. We expect each of these areas to continue growing in 2005. In addition, we have announced new initiatives in the small/medium business (SMB) and small office/home office (SOHO) markets. We believe that these non-enterprise markets are another growth area for storage software. 15 One area of particular growth in 2004 that we expect to continue, if not accelerate, in 2005, was in VirtualTape Library software. Prices for disk storage continue to fall, and the need for rapid back up, disaster recovery and regulatory compliance continues to grow. As we expected, 2004 saw the beginning of market acceptance of IP-based Storage Area Networks, primarily using iSCSI. Previously, most SANs had been based on fibre-channel. In addition to the solution offered by our Tier 1 OEM partner, we plan to continue to tap into the growth in this market through sales of our products by other strategic partners. Another important measure of our business is gross margin. Among other things, gross margin measures our ability to scale our business. Unlike manufacturers of hardware, our incremental cost for each additional unit of software licensed is a small percentage of the software license revenue. Thus, our gross margins tend to increase as our software license revenue increases. We incur research and development expenses before the product is offered for licensing. These expenses consist primarily of personnel costs for engineering and testing, but also include other items such as the cost of hardware and software used in development. We also have expenses for sales and marketing, and general and administrative functions. Our gross margin continued to increase in 2004, ending at 86% for the fourth quarter of 2004, compared with 77% for the fourth quarter of 2003. This demonstrates that we were successful in containing the growth of our costs even as our revenue increased. We are pleased with our ability to contain the growth of expenses in 2004. There were two large expense items in 2004 which we had not anticipated. First, we were subject to a claim that some of our products infringed a patent issued to a third party. While we denied, and continue to deny, that, if the subject patent is valid, our products infringe the patent, the defense and settlement of the claim was expensive. As part of the settlement, we made a one-time payment of $1.3 million. In addition, we incurred over $1 million in related legal expenses. The need to defend our products against these types of claims could result in higher expenses in the future. Second, we incurred significant expenses related to compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. This Act requires, among other things, an annual review of "internal controls" by the Company and our auditors. The costs associated with this review, including the cost of an outside consultant and the cost of the review by our auditors, approximated $0.8 million in 2004. While we believe these costs will be reduced in the future, there will be continuing costs related to compliance with the Act in 2005 and beyond. One additional factor that we expect to affect our revenues on a quarterly, but not annual, basis, is the seasonality of the information technology business. Historically, information technology spending has been higher in the fourth and second quarters of each calendar year, and somewhat slower in the other quarters, particularly the first quarter. Our quarterly results were impacted by this seasonality in 2004, and we anticipate that our quarterly results for 2005 will be affected as well. Our critical accounting policies are those related to revenue recognition and accounts receivable allowances. As described in note 1 to our consolidated financial statements, we recognize revenue in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Position 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended. Software license revenue is recognized only when pervasive evidence of an arrangement exists and the fee is fixed and determinable, among other criteria. An arrangement is evidenced by a signed customer contract for nonrefundable royalty advances received from OEMs or a customer purchase order or a royalty report summarizing software licenses sold for each software license resold by an OEM, distributor or solution provider to an end user. The software license fees are fixed and determinable as our standard payment terms range from 30 to 90 days, depending on regional billing practices, and we have not provided any of our customers extended payment terms. When a customer licenses software together with the purchase of maintenance, we allocate a portion of the fee to maintenance for its fair value based on the contractual maintenance renewal rate. We review accounts receivable to determine which are doubtful of collection. In making the determination of the appropriate allowance for uncollectible accounts and returns, we consider historical return rates, specific past due accounts, analysis of our accounts receivable aging, customer payment terms, historical collections, write-offs and returns, changes in customer demand and relationships, concentrations of credit risk and customer credit worthiness. Historically, we have experienced a somewhat consistent level of write-offs and returns as a percentage of revenue due to our customer 16 relationships, contract provisions and credit assessments. Changes in the product return rates, credit worthiness of customers, general economic conditions and other factors may impact the level of future write-offs, revenues and our general and administrative expenses. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 COMPARED TO THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2003 Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased 69% to $28.7 million compared to $16.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. Our operating expenses increased 39% from $25.4 million in 2003 to $35.3 million in 2004. Net loss decreased 20% from $7.4 million in 2003 to $5.9 million in 2004. The increase in revenues was mainly due to an increase in demand for our network storage solution software, the introduction of our new products and the successful launch by one of our OEMs of a solution powered by our product. Revenue contribution from our OEM partners increased in absolute dollars and as a percentage of our total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2004. Revenue from resellers and distributors also increased in absolute dollars. Expenses increased in all aspects of our business to support our growth. In November, 2003 we moved our headquarters to a larger facility and, for the year ended December 31, 2004, we increased the number of employees and continued to invest in infrastructure by purchasing additional computers and equipment. We increased the number of employees from 178 employees as of December 31, 2003 to 217 employees as of December 31, 2004. Included in our results for the year ended December 31, 2004 is a litigation settlement charge of $1.3 million and legal fees of $1.0 million, each associated with litigation relating to patent infringement that was resolved in the third quarter of 2004, as well as $0.8 million of costs related to compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. REVENUES SOFTWARE LICENSE REVENUE Software license revenue is comprised of software licenses sold through our OEMs, value-added resellers and distributors to end users and, to a lesser extent, directly to end users. These revenues are recognized when, among other requirements, we receive a customer purchase order or a royalty report summarizing software licenses sold and the software and permanent key codes are delivered to the customer. We also receive nonrefundable royalty advances and engineering fees from some of our OEM partners. These arrangements are evidenced by a signed customer contract, and the revenue is recognized when the software product master is delivered and accepted, and the engineering services, if any, have been performed. Software license revenue increased 75% to $21.5 million in 2004 from $12.3 million in 2003. Increased market acceptance and demand for our product, the introduction of our new products and the successful launch by one of our OEMs of a solution powered by our product were the primary drivers of the increase in software license revenue. Software license revenue increased from both our OEM partners and from our resellers. Revenue from our OEM partners increased as a percentage of total revenue. We expect our software license revenue to continue to grow and the percentage of future software license revenue derived from our OEM partners to increase. MAINTENANCE, SOFTWARE SERVICES AND OTHER REVENUE Maintenance, software services and other revenues are comprised of software maintenance and technical support, professional services primarily related to the implementation of our software, engineering services, and sales of computer hardware. Revenue derived from maintenance and technical support contracts is deferred and recognized ratably over the contractual maintenance term. Professional services revenue is recognized in the period that the related services are performed. Revenue from engineering services is primarily related to customizing software product masters for some of our OEM partners. Revenue from engineering services is recognized in the period the services are completed. In 2004 and 2003, we had a limited number of transactions in which we purchased hardware and bundled this hardware with our software and sold the bundled solution to a customer. A portion of the contractual fee is recognized 17 as revenue when the hardware or software is delivered to the customer based on the relative fair value of the delivered element(s). Through December 31, 2004, the software and hardware in bundled solutions have been delivered to the customer in the same quarter. Maintenance, software services and other revenue increased 54% to $7.2 million in 2004 from $4.7 million in 2003. The major factor contributing to the increase in maintenance, software services and other revenue was the increase in the number of maintenance and technical support contracts we sold. As we are in business longer, and as we license more software, we expect these revenues will continue to increase. The majority of our new customers purchase maintenance and support and most customers renew their maintenance and support after their initial contracts expire. Maintenance revenue increased from $2.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 to $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. Growth in our professional services revenue, which increased from $0.9 million in 2003 to $1.3 million in 2004, also contributed to the increase in software services and other revenues. This increase in professional services revenue was related to the increase in our software license customers that elected to purchase professional services. Additionally, our hardware sales increased from $1.3 million in 2003 to $1.5 million in 2004. This increase was the result of an increase in demand from our customers for bundled solutions. We expect maintenance, software services and other revenues to continue to increase. COST OF REVENUES AMORTIZATION OF PURCHASED AND CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE To remain successful in the network storage solutions market, we must continually upgrade our software by enhancing the existing features of our products and by adding new features and products. We often evaluate whether to develop these new offerings in-house or whether we can achieve a greater return on investment by purchasing or licensing software from third parties. Based on our evaluations, we have purchased or licensed various software for resale since 2001. As of December 31, 2004 and 2003, we had $4.9 million of purchased software licenses that are being amortized over three years. For the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, we recorded $1.4 million of amortization related to these purchased software licenses. We will continue to evaluate third party software licenses and may make additional purchases, which would result in an increase in amortization expense. The Company did not capitalize any software development costs until our initial product reached technological feasibility in March 2001. At that point, we capitalized $0.1 million of software development costs, which were being amortized at the greater of straight line over three years or the ratio of current revenue of the related products to total current and anticipated future revenue of these products. Amortization of capitalized software was $7,881 and $31,523 for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. COST OF MAINTENANCE, SOFTWARE SERVICES AND OTHER REVENUE Cost of maintenance, software services and other revenue consists primarily of personnel costs and other costs associated with providing software implementations, technical support under maintenance contracts, and training. Cost of maintenance, software services and other revenues also includes the cost of hardware purchased that was resold. Cost of maintenance, software services and other revenues for the year ended December 31, 2004 increased by 61% to $4.2 million compared to $2.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. The increase in cost of maintenance, software services and other revenue was principally due to an increase in personnel. As a result of our increased sales of maintenance and support contracts and professional services, we required a higher number of employees to provide technical support and to implement our software. Our cost of maintenance, software services and other revenue will continue to grow in absolute dollars as our revenue increases. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2004 was $23.2 million or 81% of revenues compared to $13.0 million or 77% of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003. The increase in gross profit and gross margin was directly related to the increase in revenues relative to the increase in expenses. As our software license revenues increase, the associated costs as a percentage of 18 those revenues tend to decrease. Additionally, the increased percentage of revenue from our OEM partners in 2004 contributed to the increase in gross margin since revenues from our OEM partners have higher gross margins. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS Software development costs consist primarily of personnel costs for product development personnel and other related costs associated with the development of new products, enhancements to existing products, quality assurance and testing. Software development costs increased 28% to $9.1 million in 2004 from $7.1 million in 2003. The increase in software development costs was primarily due to an increase in employees required to enhance and test our network storage software products, as well as to develop new innovative features and options. In addition, as we entered into agreements with new OEM partners, we required additional employees to test and integrate our software with our OEM partners' products. In 2003, we also opened a development office in China to assist in our development work. We intend to continue recruiting and hiring product development personnel to support our development process. SELLING AND MARKETING Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of sales and marketing personnel and related costs, travel, public relations expense, marketing literature and promotions, commissions, trade show expenses, and the costs associated with our foreign sales offices. Selling and marketing expenses increased 30% to $14.3 million in 2004 from $11.0 million in 2003. As a result of the increase in revenue and interest in our software, our commission expense and travel expenses increased. In addition, we continued to hire new sales and sales support personnel and to expand our worldwide presence to accommodate our revenue growth. We believe that to continue to grow sales, our sales and marketing expenses will continue to increase. GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel costs of general and administrative functions, public company related costs, directors and officers insurance, legal and professional fees and other general corporate overhead costs. General and administrative expenses increased 77% to $5.1 million in 2004 from $2.9 million in 2003. The increase in general and administrative expenses was partially due to a $1.0 million increase in legal expense attributable to litigation relating to alleged patent infringement with Dot Hill Systems Corporation ("Dot Hill") and Crossroads Systems (Texas), Inc. ("Crossroads"). Expenses of $0.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2004, related to compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and an increase in the number employees also contributed to the increase in general and administrative expenses. LITIGATION SETTLEMENT CHARGE During the third quarter of 2004, we resolved claims relating to alleged patent infringement brought by Dot Hill and by Crossroads against us in the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas. Pursuant to the terms of the Settlement Agreement between Crossroads and us, we, without admission of infringement, made a one-time payment of $1.3 million and granted to Crossroads licenses to certain of our technology in exchange for a worldwide, perpetual license to the technology underlying the Crossroads' patents at issue in the litigation. All claims against us by both Dot Hill and Crossroads have now been dismissed. INTEREST AND OTHER INCOME We invest our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities in government securities and other low risk investments. Interest and other income decreased 36% to $0.7 million in 2004 from $1.1 million in 2003. This decrease in interest income was due to lower interest rates and lower average cash, cash equivalent and marketable securities balances. 19 INCOME TAXES We did not record a tax benefit associated with the pre-tax loss incurred from the period from inception (February 10, 2000) through December 31, 2004, as we deemed that it was more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized based on our early stage of operations. Accordingly, we provided a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets. Our income tax provision consists of tax liabilities related to our foreign subsidiaries. LEASE ABANDONMENT CHARGE In November 2003, we relocated our headquarters to a larger facility to accommodate our future growth. As a result of this relocation, we vacated our previous office space and recorded a charge for the estimated loss we expect to incur on the remaining lease obligation. The charge of $0.6 million included the remaining lease rental obligation reduced by cash flows we expect to generate from an agreement to sub-lease the facility as well as the write off of leasehold improvements at our previous facility. This expense is not expected to recur. IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED AND OTHER ASSETS In October 2001, we entered into an agreement with Network-1 Security Solutions, Inc. ("NSSI"), a publicly traded company, whereby $2.8 million was paid to NSSI, of which $2.3 million was for the purchase of convertible preferred stock of NSSI accounted for under the cost method, and $0.5 million was for a non-refundable prepaid royalty recoupable against future product sales of NSSI's product. Primarily due to the decline in the market value of NSSI's common stock underlying the convertible preferred stock significantly below the Company's cost, we concluded in 2002 that the decline in the fair value of our investment in NSSI's preferred stock was other than temporary. Accordingly, in 2002 we recorded an impairment charge to write-off our investment in NSSI preferred stock. In addition, due to the lack of market acceptance of the NSSI product, we concluded that the unrecouped prepaid royalty was not recoverable and it was written off. As a result, in 2002, we recorded a $2.8 million charge for the impairment of long-lived and other assets related to our NSSI agreement, of which $0.5 million was an operating expense. In 2003, we received a payment from NSSI of $35,000 in exchange for all of our preferred stock of NSSI, which was reflected as a reduction to the impairment charge in the statement of operations. We do not expect to incur any additional expenses from this investment. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2003 COMPARED TO THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002 REVENUES SOFTWARE LICENSE REVENUE Software license revenue increased 41% to $12.3 million in 2003 from $8.7 million in 2002. Increased market acceptance and demand for our product were the primary drivers of the increase in software license revenue. A continued increase in the number of our channel partners and OEMs also helped increase our revenues. MAINTENANCE, SOFTWARE SERVICES AND OTHER REVENUE Maintenance, software services and other revenue increased 139% to $4.7 million in 2003 from $2.0 million in 2002. The major factor behind the increase in maintenance, software services and other revenue was an increase in the number of maintenance and technical support contracts we sold. As we are in business longer, and as we license more software, we expect these revenues will continue to increase. The majority of our new customers purchase maintenance and support and most customers renew their maintenance and support after their initial contracts expire. Maintenance revenue increased from $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 to $2.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. Growth in our professional services sales, which increased from $0.4 million in 2002 to $0.9 million in 2003, also contributed to the increase in software services and other revenues. This increase in professional services revenue was related to the increase in our software license customers that elected to purchase professional services. Additionally, our hardware sales increased from $0.2 million in 2002 to $1.3 million in 2003. This increase was the result of an increase in demand from our customers for bundled solutions. 20 COST OF REVENUES AMORTIZATION OF PURCHASED AND CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE Amortization of purchased and capitalized software increased from $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 to $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. The increase in amortization expense was due to our purchase of an additional $1.8 million of software licenses in 2003. As of December 31, 2003, we had $4.9 million of purchased software licenses that are being amortized over three years. For the year ended December 31, 2003, we recorded $1.4 million of amortization related to these purchased software licenses. As of December 31, 2002, we had $3.0 million of purchased software licenses and recorded approximately $0.9 million of amortization for the year ended December 31, 2002 related to these purchased software licenses. Amortization of capitalized software was $31,523 and $31,524 for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. COST OF MAINTENANCE, SOFTWARE SERVICES AND OTHER REVENUE Cost of maintenance, software services and other revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003 increased by 97% to $2.6 million compared to $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2002. The increase in cost of maintenance, software services and other revenue was primarily driven by an increase in hardware sales. As we sold more hardware, our hardware costs for resale rose from $0.2 million in 2002 to $1.0 million in 2003. The increase in cost of maintenance, software services and other revenue was also due to an increase in personnel. As a result of our increased sales of maintenance and support contracts and professional services, we required a higher number of employees to provide technical support and to implement our software. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2003 was $13.0 million or 77% of revenues compared to $8.4 million or 79% of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2002. The increase in gross profit was directly related to the increase in revenues. The decrease in gross margins was due to the increase in amortization of purchased software licenses and was also partially related to margins on hardware sales, which are typically lower than the margins on software and services. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS Software development costs increased 13% to $7.1 million in 2003 from $6.3 million in 2002. The increase in software development costs was primarily due to an increase in employees required to enhance and test our core network storage software product, as well as to develop new innovative features and options. In addition, as we negotiated and signed new OEM partners, we required additional employees to test and customize our software with our OEM partners' products. In 2003, we also opened a development office in China to assist in our development work. SELLING AND MARKETING Selling and marketing expenses increased 11% to $11.0 million in 2003 from $9.9 million in 2002. As a result of the increase in revenue and interest in our software, our commission expense and travel expenses increased. In addition, we continued to hire new sales and sales support personnel and to expand our worldwide presence to accommodate our revenue growth. GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE General and administrative expenses increased 11% to $2.9 million in 2003 from $2.6 million in 2002. One reason for the increase in general and administrative expenses is due to an increase in salaries. As our business grew, we required additional general and administrative personnel to support the growth. Another reason for the increase was due to higher premiums for our directors and officers insurance. 21 INTEREST AND OTHER INCOME Interest and other income decreased 29% to $1.1 million in 2003 from $1.6 million in 2002. This decrease in interest income was due to lower interest rates and lower average cash, cash equivalent and marketable securities balances. INCOME TAXES We did not record a tax benefit associated with the pre-tax loss incurred from the period from inception (February 10, 2000) through December 31, 2003, as we deemed that it was more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized based on our early stage of operations. Accordingly, we provided a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets. Our income tax provision consists of tax liabilities related to our foreign subsidiaries. LEASE ABANDONMENT CHARGE In November 2003, we relocated our headquarters to a larger facility to accommodate our future growth. As a result of this relocation, we vacated our previous office space and recorded a charge for the estimated loss we expect to incur on the remaining lease obligation. The charge of $0.6 million included the remaining lease rental obligation reduced by cash flows we expect to generate from an agreement to sub-lease the facility as well as the write off of leasehold improvements at our previous facility. IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED AND OTHER ASSETS In October 2001, we entered into an agreement with Network-1 Security Solutions, Inc. ("NSSI"), a publicly traded company, whereby $2.8 million was paid to NSSI, of which $2.3 million was for the purchase of convertible preferred stock of NSSI accounted for under the cost method, and $0.5 million was for a non-refundable prepaid royalty recoupable against future product sales of NSSI's product. Primarily due to the decline in the market value of NSSI's common stock underlying the convertible preferred stock significantly below the Company's cost, we concluded in 2002 that the decline in the fair value of our investment in NSSI's preferred stock was other than temporary. Accordingly, in 2002 we recorded an impairment charge to write-off our investment in NSSI preferred stock. In addition, due to the lack of market acceptance of the NSSI product, we concluded that the unrecouped prepaid royalty was not recoverable and it was written off. As a result, in 2002, we recorded a $2.8 million charge for the impairment of long-lived and other assets related to our NSSI agreement, of which $0.5 million was an operating expense. In 2003, we received a payment from NSSI of $35,000 in exchange for all of our preferred stock of NSSI, which was reflected as a reduction to the impairment charge in the statement of operations. We do not expect to incur any additional expenses from this investment. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES Our cash and cash equivalents totaled $15.5 million and marketable securities totaled $18.5 million at December 31, 2004. As of December 31, 2003, we had $8.5 million in cash and cash equivalents and $28.2 million in marketable securities. The reasons for this decrease in cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities are discussed below. Because we have not yet been profitable on a full year basis, the major use of our cash has been to fund operations. Until we reach profitability on a full year basis, we will continue to use our cash and marketable securities to fund operations. In 2004, we made investments in our infrastructure to support our long-term growth. We increased the total number of employees in 2004 and made investments in property and equipment to support our growth. As we continue to grow, we will continue to make investments in property and equipment and will need to continue to increase our headcount. In the past, we have also used cash to purchase software licenses and to make acquisitions. We will continue to evaluate potential software license purchases and acquisitions and if the right opportunity presents itself we may continue to use our cash for these purposes. However, as of the date of this filing, we have no agreements, commitments or understandings with respect to any such acquisitions. In 2004, we also used cash to defend and settle a patent infringement litigation. The patent litigation settlement charge was $1.3 million and we also incurred approximately $1.0 million in legal fees associated with this litigation. If any future patent 22 infringement litigation is brought against us, we may have to incur similar types of expenses. Additionally, in 2004 we incurred approximately $0.8 million in professional fees associated with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 compliance. Although the fees may be lower in 2005, we will continue to incur professional fees to ensure that we are in compliance with that Act. We currently do not have any debt and our only significant commitments are related to our office leases. In connection with our acquisition of IP Metrics in July 2002, we were required to make cash payments to the former shareholders of IP Metrics, which were contingent on the level of revenues from IP Metrics products for a period of twenty-four months through June 30, 2004. In 2004, we made payments to the former shareholders of IP Metrics totaling $214,009. We have no further payment obligations. In October 2001, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to two million shares of our outstanding common stock. Since October 2001, 277,100 shares have been repurchased at an aggregate purchase price of $1.7 million. During 2004, 42,100 shares were repurchased at an aggregate purchase price of $0.3 million. Net cash used in operating activities totaled $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 compared to $5.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 and $7.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2002. The trend of decreasing cash used in operations is partially due to our decreasing net loss. The decrease in net loss is mainly attributable to our increases in revenues. In addition to the decrease in net loss, our non-cash charges, including depreciation and amortization and equity based compensation increased from $2.5 million in 2002 to $3.3 million in 2003 and $3.8 million in 2004. These increases are mainly due to increases in property and equipment. Another factor contributing to our decrease in cash used in operations is our increase in deferred revenues of $2.8 million in 2004 compared to $0.4 million in 2003 and $1.2 million in 2002. The increase in our deferred revenue is the result of an increase in our maintenance contracts, which are deferred and recognized as revenue ratably over the term of the contract. These amounts were partially offset by increases in our net accounts receivable balances of $1.7 million in 2002, $2.8 million in 2003 and $3.2 million in 2004. The increases in our accounts receivable balances are due to our revenue growth. In 2002, we incurred a non-cash expense of $2.8 million related to an impairment of long-lived and other assets. We expect cash used in operating activities to continue to decrease as we anticipate our net loss will decrease. Net cash provided by investing activities was $6.3 million in 2004 and $2.5 million in 2003 and net cash used in investing activities was $15.5 million in 2002. Included in investing activities for each year are the sales and purchases of our marketable securities. These represent the sales, maturities and reinvesting of our marketable securities. In 2004 and 2003 the net cash provided from the net sale of securities was $9.6 million and $8.5 million, respectively, and in 2002 the cash used from the net purchase of marketable securities was $10.7 million. These amounts will fluctuate from year to year depending on the maturity dates of our marketable securities. The cash used to purchase property and equipment was $2.8 million, $3.0 million and $1.3 million in 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The cash used to purchase software licenses was $0.1 million in 2004, $1.8 million in 2003 and $0.8 million in 2002. In 2002, we used $2.6 million in cash related to two acquisitions. We did not make any similar acquisitions in 2003 or 2004. We continually evaluate potential software licenses and acquisitions and we may continue to make these investments if we find opportunities that would benefit our business. Net cash provided by financing activities was $1.8 million in 2004 and $0.9 million in 2003 and 2002. We received proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $2.0 million in 2004, $0.9 million in 2003 and $1.1 million in 2002. We made payments of $0.3 million in 2004 and $0.2 million in 2002 to acquire treasury stock. The Company's only contractual obligations relate to its operating leases. The Company has an operating lease covering its primary office facility that expires in February, 2012. The Company also has several operating leases related to a domestic office and offices in foreign countries. The expiration dates for these leases ranges from 2005 through 2012. The following is a schedule of future minimum lease payments for all operating leases as of December 31, 2004: 23 YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31 2005.............................................. $ 1,451,844 2006.............................................. 1,520,105 2007.............................................. 1,348,593 2008.............................................. 1,230,817 2009.............................................. 1,264,449 Thereafter........................................ 3,025,992 ------------ $ 9,841,800 ============ For the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, we paid $3.0 million and $2.1 million, respectively, related to discontinued operations. As of December 31, 2004, all significant obligations related to our discontinued operations have been settled. Based on our increasing revenues, decreasing net loss and a decrease in cash used for operations, we believe that our current balance of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, and expected cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet our cash requirements for at least the next twelve months. IMPACT OF RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In December, 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 109-1, APPLICATION OF FASB STATEMENT NO. 109, ACCOUNTING FOR INCOME TAXES, TO THE TAX DEDUCTION ON QUALIFIED PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES PROVIDED BY THE AMERICAN JOBS CREATION ACT OF 2004 ("FSP No. 109-1") and FASB Staff Position No. FAS 109-2, ACCOUNTING AND DISCLOSURE GUIDANCE FOR THE FOREIGN EARNINGS REPATRIATION PROVISION WITHIN THE AMERICAN JOBS CREATION ACT OF 2004 ("FSP No. 109-2"). These staff positions provide accounting guidance on how companies should account for the effects of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 that was signed into law on October 22, 2004. FSP No. 109-1 states that the tax relief (special tax deduction for domestic manufacturing) from this legislation should be accounted for as a "special deduction" and reduce tax expense in the period(s) the amounts are deductible on the tax return, instead of a tax rate reduction. FSP No. 109-2 gives a company additional time to evaluate the effects of the legislation on any plan for reinvestment or repatriation of foreign earnings for purposes of applying FASB Statement No. 109. The Company does not plan to repatriate any of its undistributed foreign earnings as of December 31, 2004. In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (R), SHARE-BASED PAYMENT ("SFAS No. 123 (R)"). This statement replaces SFAS No. 123, ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION and supercedes APB No. 25, ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK ISSUED TO EMPLOYEES. SFAS 123 (R) requires all stock-based compensation to be recognized as an expense in the financial statements and that such cost be measured according to the grant-date fair value of the stock options or other equity instruments. SFAS 123 (R) will be effective for quarterly periods beginning after June 15, 2005. While the Company currently provides the pro forma disclosures required by SFAS No. 148, ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION - TRANSITION AND DISCLOSURE, on a quarterly basis (see "Note 1 - Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation"), it is currently evaluating the impact this statement will have on its consolidated financial statements. In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151, INVENTORY COSTS - AN AMENDMENT OF ARB NO. 43, Chapter 4 ("SFAS No. 151"). SFAS No. 151 requires all companies to recognize a current-period charge for abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs and wasted materials. This statement also requires that the allocation of fixed production overhead to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. SFAS No. 151 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. The Company believes that this statement will not have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements. 24 RISK FACTORS WE HAVE HAD A HISTORY OF NET LOSSES AND MAY NOT BE ABLE TO MAINTAIN THE PROFITABILITY WE ACHIEVED IN THE FOURTH QUARTER OF 2004. We were profitable for the first time in the fourth quarter of 2004. Prior to that we had a history of losses, including the full year ended December 31, 2004, in which we had a net loss of $5.9 million. For the period from inception (February 2000), through December 31, 2004, we had a cumulative net loss of $37.0 million. Our business model depends upon signing agreements with additional OEM customers, further developing our reseller sales channel, and expanding our sales force. Any difficulty in obtaining these OEM and reseller customers or in attracting qualified sales personnel will hinder our ability to generate additional revenues and achieve or maintain profitability. FAILURE TO ACHIEVE ANTICIPATED GROWTH COULD HARM OUR BUSINESS AND OPERATING RESULTS. Achieving our anticipated growth will depend on a number of factors, some of which include: o retention of key management, marketing and technical personnel; o our ability to increase our customer base and to increase the sales of our products; and o competitive conditions in the network storage infrastructure software market. We cannot assure you that the anticipated growth will be achieved. The failure to achieve anticipated growth could harm our business, financial condition and operating results. WE HAVE SIGNIFICANT LEASE COMMITMENTS THAT COULD IMPACT OUR PROFITABILITY. During the third quarter of 2003, we signed a lease for new office space that commenced on November 1, 2003 and continues through February, 2012. This commitment along with several operating leases related to our foreign offices could impact our ability to achieve or to maintain profitability. DUE TO THE UNCERTAIN AND SHIFTING DEVELOPMENT OF THE NETWORK STORAGE SOFTWARE MARKET, WE MAY HAVE DIFFICULTY ACCURATELY PREDICTING REVENUE FOR FUTURE PERIODS AND APPROPRIATELY BUDGETING FOR EXPENSES. The rapidly evolving nature of the network storage software market in which we sell our products, and other factors that are beyond our control, reduces our ability to accurately forecast our quarterly and annual revenue. However, we must use our forecasted revenue to establish our expense budget. Most of our expenses are fixed in the short term or incurred in advance of anticipated revenue. As a result, we may not be able to decrease our expenses in a timely manner to offset any shortfall in revenue. OUR REVENUES DEPEND IN PART ON SPENDING BY CORPORATE CUSTOMERS. The operating results of our business depend in part on the overall demand for network storage software. Because our sales are primarily to major corporate customers, any softness in demand for network storage software may result in decreased revenues. WE ARE DEPENDENT ON CERTAIN KEY CUSTOMERS. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, one OEM customer accounted for 16% of our revenues. While we believe that we will continue to receive revenue from this client during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, our agreement with this customer is terminable upon 90 days notice. If our contract with this OEM terminates it would have a material adverse effect on our operating results. THE MARKETS FOR STORAGE AREA NETWORKS AND NETWORK ATTACHED STORAGE ARE NEW AND UNCERTAIN, AND OUR BUSINESS WILL SUFFER IF THEY DO NOT DEVELOP AS WE EXPECT. The rapid adoption of Storage Area Networks (SAN) and Network Attached Storage (NAS) solutions is critical to our future success. The markets for SAN and NAS solutions are still unproven, making it difficult to predict their 25 potential sizes or future growth rates. Most potential customers have made substantial investments in their current storage networking infrastructure, and they may elect to remain with current network architectures or to adopt new architecture in limited stages or over extended periods of time. We are uncertain whether a viable market for our products will develop or be sustainable. If these markets fail to develop, or develop more slowly than we expect, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected. THE MARKET FOR IP-BASED STORAGE AREA NETWORKS IS NEW AND UNCERTAIN, AND OUR BUSINESS WILL SUFFER IF IT DOES NOT DEVELOP AS WE EXPECT. The rapid adoption of IP-based Storage Area Networks (SAN) is critical to our future success. The market for IP-based SANs is still unproven, making it difficult to predict the potential size or future growth rate. Most potential customers have made substantial investments in their current storage networking infrastructure, and they may elect to remain with current network architectures or to adopt new architecture in limited stages or over extended periods of time. We are uncertain whether a viable market for our products will develop or be sustainable. If this market fails to develop, or develops more slowly than we expect, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected. THE MARKET FOR DISK-BASED BACKUP SOLUTIONS IS NEW AND UNCERTAIN, AND OUR BUSINESS WILL SUFFER IF IT DOES NOT DEVELOP AS WE EXPECT. The rapid adoption of disk-based backup solutions is critical to our future success. The market for disk-based backup solutions is still unproven, making it difficult to predict the potential size or future growth rate. Most potential customers have made substantial investments in their current tape backup infrastructure, and they may elect to remain with current infrastructure or to adopt new solutions in limited stages or over extended periods of time. We are uncertain whether a viable market for our products will develop or be sustainable. If this market fails to develop, or develops more slowly than we expect, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected. WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO PENETRATE THE SMALL/MEDIUM BUSINESS, SMALL OFFICE AND HOME OFFICE MARKETS. We have announced plans to offer products for the small/medium business (SMB) and small office/home office (SOHO) markets. We may not be able to design or offer products attractive to the SMB and the SOHO markets, or to reach agreements with OEMs and resellers with significant presences in the SMB and SOHO markets. If we are unable to penetrate the SMB and SOHO markets, we will not be able to recoup the expenses associated with our efforts in these markets and our ability to grow revenues could suffer. IF WE ARE UNABLE TO DEVELOP AND MANUFACTURE NEW PRODUCTS THAT ACHIEVE ACCEPTANCE IN THE NETWORK STORAGE SOFTWARE MARKET, OUR OPERATING RESULTS MAY SUFFER. The network storage software market continues to evolve and as a result there is continuing demand for new products. Accordingly, we may need to develop and manufacture new products that address additional network storage software market segments and emerging technologies to remain competitive in the data storage software industry. We are uncertain whether we will successfully qualify new network storage software products with our customers by meeting customer performance and quality specifications or quickly achieve high volume production of storage networking software products. Any failure to address additional market segments could harm our business, financial condition and operating results. OUR PRODUCTS MUST CONFORM TO INDUSTRY STANDARDS IN ORDER TO BE ACCEPTED BY CUSTOMERS IN OUR MARKETS. Our current products are only one part of a SAN or NAS system. All components of these systems must comply with the same industry standards in order to operate together efficiently. We depend on companies that provide other components of these systems to conform to industry standards. Some industry standards may not be widely adopted or implemented uniformly, and competing standards may emerge that may be preferred by OEM customers or end users. If 26 other providers of components do not support the same industry standards as we do, or if competing standards emerge, our products may not achieve market acceptance, which would adversely affect our business. OUR COMPLEX PRODUCTS MAY HAVE ERRORS OR DEFECTS THAT COULD RESULT IN REDUCED DEMAND FOR OUR PRODUCTS OR COSTLY LITIGATION. Our IPStor platform is complex and is designed to be deployed in large and complex networks. Many of our customers have unique infrastructures, which may require additional professional services in order for our software to work within their infrastructure. Because our products are critical to the networks of our customers, any significant interruption in their service as a result of defects in our product within our customers' networks could result in lost profits or damage to our customers. These problems could cause us to incur significant service and engineering costs, divert engineering personnel from product development efforts and significantly impair our ability to maintain existing customer relationships and attract new customers. In addition, a product liability claim, whether successful or not, would likely be time consuming and expensive to resolve and would divert management time and attention. Further, if we are unable to fix the errors or other problems that may be identified in full deployment, we would likely experience loss of or delay in revenues and loss of market share and our business and prospects would suffer. FAILURE OF STORAGE APPLIANCES POWERED BY IPSTOR TO INTEGRATE SMOOTHLY WITH END USER SYSTEMS COULD IMPACT DEMAND FOR THE APPLIANCES. We have entered into agreements with resellers and OEM partners to develop storage appliances that combine certain aspects of IPStor functionality with third party hardware to create single purpose turnkey solutions that are designed to be easy to deploy. If the storage appliances are not easy to deploy or do not integrate smoothly with end user systems, the basic premise behind the appliances will not be met and sales would suffer. OUR OEM CUSTOMERS REQUIRE OUR PRODUCTS TO UNDERGO A LENGTHY AND EXPENSIVE QUALIFICATION PROCESS THAT DOES NOT ASSURE PRODUCT SALES. Prior to offering our products for sale, our OEM customers require that each of our products undergo an extensive qualification process, which involves interoperability testing of our product in the OEM's system as well as rigorous reliability testing. This qualification of a product by an OEM does not assure any sales of the product to the OEM. Despite this uncertainty, we devote substantial resources, including engineering, sales, marketing and management efforts, toward qualifying our products with OEMs in anticipation of sales to them. If we are unsuccessful or delayed in qualifying any products with an OEM, such failure or delay would preclude or delay sales of that product to the OEM, which may impede our ability to grow our business. WE RELY ON OUR OEM CUSTOMERS AND RESELLERS FOR MOST OF OUR SALES. Almost all of our sales come from sales to end users of our products by our OEM customers and by our resellers. These OEM customers and resellers have limited resources and sales forces and sell many different products, both in the network storage infrastructure software market and in other markets. The OEM customers and resellers may choose to focus their sales efforts on other products in the network storage software market or other markets. The OEM customers might also choose not to continue to develop or to market products which include our products. This would likely result in lower revenues to us and would impede our ability to grow our business. ISSUES WITH THE HARDWARE SOLD BY OUR PARTNERS COULD RESULT IN LOWER SALES OF OUR PRODUCTS. As part of our sales channel, we license our software to OEMs and other partners who install our software on their own hardware or on the hardware of other third parties. If the hardware does not function properly or causes damage to customers' systems, we could lose sales to future customers, even though our software functions properly. Problems with our partners' hardware could negatively impact our business. 27 WE MUST MAINTAIN OUR EXISTING RELATIONSHIPS AND DEVELOP NEW RELATIONSHIPS WITH STRATEGIC INDUSTRY PARTNERS. Part of our strategy is to partner with major third-party software and hardware vendors who integrate our products into their offerings and/or market our products to others. These strategic partners often have customer or distribution networks to which we otherwise would not have access or the development of which would take up large amounts of our time and other resources. There is intense competition to establish relationships with these strategic partners. Some of our agreements with our OEM customers grant to the OEMs limited exclusivity rights to portions of our products for periods of time. This could result in lost sales opportunities for us with other customers or could cause other potential OEM partners to consider or select software from our competitors for their storage solutions. In addition, the desire for product differentiation could cause potential OEM partners to select software from our competitors. We cannot guarantee that our current strategic partners, or those companies with whom we may partner in the future, will continue to be our partners for any period of time. If our software were to be replaced in an OEM solution by competing software, or if our software is not selected by OEMs for future solutions, it would likely result in lower revenues to us and would impede our ability to grow our business. THE NETWORK STORAGE SOFTWARE MARKET IS HIGHLY COMPETITIVE AND INTENSE COMPETITION COULD NEGATIVELY IMPACT OUR BUSINESS. The network storage software market is intensely competitive even during periods when demand is stable. Some of our current and potential competitors have longer operating histories, significantly greater resources, broader name recognition and a larger installed base of customers than we have. Those competitors and other potential competitors may be able to establish or to expand network storage software offerings more quickly, adapt to new technologies and customer requirements faster, and take advantage of acquisition and other opportunities more readily. Our competitors also may: o consolidate or establish strategic relationships among themselves to lower their product costs or to otherwise compete more effectively against us; or o bundle their products with other products to increase demand for their products. In addition, some OEMs with whom we do business, or hope to do business, may enter the market directly and rapidly capture market share. If we fail to compete successfully against current or future competitors, our business, financial condition and operating results may suffer. OUR FUTURE QUARTERLY RESULTS MAY FLUCTUATE SIGNIFICANTLY, WHICH COULD CAUSE OUR STOCK PRICE TO DECLINE. While we were profitable in the fourth quarter of 2004, such profitability is not an indicator of future profitability and our future quarterly results may fluctuate significantly. Our future performance will depend on many factors, including: o the timing of securing software license contracts and the delivery of software and related revenue recognition; o the seasonality of information technology spending; o the average unit selling price of our products; o existing or new competitors introducing better products at competitive prices before we do; o our ability to manage successfully the complex and difficult process of qualifying our products with our customers; 28 o new products or enhancements from us or our competitors; o import or export restrictions on our proprietary technology; and o personnel changes. Many of our expenses are relatively fixed and difficult to reduce or modify. As a result, the fixed nature of our expenses will magnify any adverse effect of a decrease in revenue on our operating results. OUR STOCK PRICE MAY BE VOLATILE The market price of our common stock has been volatile in the past and may be volatile in the future. For example, during the past twelve months ended December 31, 2004, the closing market price of our common stock as quoted on the NASDAQ National Market System fluctuated between $5.13 and $10.15. The market price of our common stock may be significantly affected by the following factors: o actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results; o failure to meet financial estimates; o changes in market valuations of other technology companies, particularly those in the storage networking software market; o announcements by us or our competitors of significant technical innovations, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments; o loss of one or more key OEM customers; and o departures of key personnel. The stock market has experienced extreme volatility that often has been unrelated to the performance of particular companies. These market fluctuations may cause our stock price to fall regardless of our performance. OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS WILL BE NEGATIVELY IMPACTED BY THE REQUIREMENT THAT WE RECOGNIZE THE FAIR VALUE OF STOCK OPTIONS GRANTED AS AN EXPENSE. The Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") has required companies to recognize the fair value of stock options and other stock-based compensation to employees as compensation expense in the statement of operations, effective July 1, 2005 for FalconStor. While it is too early to tell the exact impact of this requirement, there will be a negative impact on our results of operations. WE HAVE A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF AUTHORIZED BUT UNISSUED PREFERRED STOCK, WHICH MAY AFFECT THE LIKELIHOOD OF A CHANGE OF CONTROL IN OUR COMPANY. Our Board of Directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders, to issue up to 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock on such terms and with such rights, preferences and designations, including, without limitation restricting dividends on our common stock, dilution of the voting power of our common stock and impairing the liquidation rights of the holders of our common stock, as the Board may determine without any vote of the stockholders. Issuance of such preferred stock, depending upon the rights, preferences and designations thereof may have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control. In addition, certain "anti-takeover" provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, among other things, may restrict the ability of our stockholders to authorize a merger, business combination or change of control. Finally, we have entered into change of control agreements with certain executives. 29 WE HAVE A SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF OUTSTANDING OPTIONS AND WARRANTS, THE EXERCISE OF WHICH WOULD DILUTE THE THEN-EXISTING STOCKHOLDERS' PERCENTAGE OWNERSHIP OF OUR COMMON STOCK. As of December 31, 2004, we had outstanding options and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 9,723,358 shares of our common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $4.82 per share. We also have 2,698,974 shares reserved for issuance under our stock option plans with respect to options that have not been granted. The exercise of all of the outstanding options would dilute the then-existing stockholders' percentage ownership of common stock, and any sales in the public market of the common stock issuable upon such exercise could adversely affect prevailing market prices for the common stock. Moreover, the terms upon which we would be able to obtain additional equity capital could be adversely affected because the holders of such securities can be expected to exercise or convert them at a time when we would, in all likelihood, be able to obtain any needed capital on terms more favorable than those provided by such securities. OUR BUSINESS COULD BE MATERIALLY AFFECTED AS A RESULT OF A NATURAL DISASTER, TERRORIST ACTS, OR OTHER CATASTROPHIC EVENTS In August, 2003, our business was interrupted due to a large scale blackout in the northeastern United States. While the headquarters facilities we moved in to in November, 2003 contain redundant power supplies and generators, our domestic and foreign operations, and the operations of our industry partners, remain susceptible to fire, floods, power loss, power shortages, telecommunications failures, break-ins and similar events. Terrorist actions domestically or abroad could lead to business disruptions or to cancellations of customer orders or a general decrease in corporate spending on information technology, or could have direct impact on our marketing, administrative or financial functions and our financial condition could suffer. THE INTERNATIONAL NATURE OF OUR BUSINESS COULD HAVE AN ADVERSE AFFECT ON OUR OPERATING RESULTS. We sell our products worldwide. Accordingly, our operating results could be materially adversely affected by various factors including regulatory, political, or economic conditions in a specific country or region, trade protection measures and other regulatory requirements, and acts of terrorism and international conflicts. Our international sales are denominated primarily in U.S. dollars. An increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies could make our products more expensive and, therefore, potentially less competitive in foreign markets. Additional risks inherent in our international business activities generally include, among others, longer accounts receivable payment cycles, difficulties in managing international operations, decreased flexibility in matching workforce to needs as compared with the U.S., and potentially adverse tax consequences. Such factors could materially adversely affect our future international sales and, consequently, our operating results. IF WE ARE UNABLE TO PROTECT OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, OUR BUSINESS WILL SUFFER. Our success is dependent upon our proprietary technology. Currently, the IPStor software suite is the core of our proprietary technology. We have one patent issued, multiple pending patent applications, numerous trademarks registered and multiple pending trademark applications related to our IPStor product. We cannot predict whether we will receive patents for our pending or future patent applications, and any patents that we own or that are issued to us may be invalidated, circumvented or challenged. In addition, the laws of certain countries in which we sell and manufacture our products, including various countries in Asia, may not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. 30 We also rely on trade secret, copyright and trademark laws, as well as the confidentiality and other restrictions contained in our respective sales contracts and confidentiality agreements to protect our proprietary rights. These legal protections afford only limited protection. OUR EFFORTS TO PROTECT OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MAY CAUSE US TO BECOME INVOLVED IN COSTLY AND LENGTHY LITIGATION, WHICH COULD SERIOUSLY HARM OUR BUSINESS. In recent years, there has been significant litigation in the United States involving patents, trademarks and other intellectual property rights. We have already been subject to one action alleging that our technology infringes patents held by a third party. While we settled this litigation, the litigation was expensive and diverted management's time and attention. Any additional litigation, regardless of its outcome, would likely be time consuming and expensive to resolve and would divert management's time and attention and might subject us to significant liability for damages or invalidate our intellectual property rights. Any potential intellectual property litigation against us could force us to take specific actions, including: o cease selling our products that use the challenged intellectual property; o obtain from the owner of the infringed intellectual property right a license to sell or use the relevant technology or trademark, which license may not be available on reasonable terms, or at all; or o redesign those products that use infringing intellectual property or cease to use an infringing product or trademark. DEVELOPMENTS LIMITING THE AVAILABILITY OF OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE COULD IMPACT OUR ABILITY TO DELIVER PRODUCTS AND COULD SUBJECT US TO COSTLY LITIGATION. Many of our products are designed to include software or other intellectual property licensed from third parties, including "Open Source" software. At least one intellectual property rights holder has alleged that it holds the rights to software traditionally viewed as Open Source. It may be necessary in the future to seek or renew licenses relating to various aspects of these products. There can be no assurance that the necessary licenses would be available on acceptable terms, if at all. The inability to obtain certain licenses or other rights or to obtain such licenses or rights on favorable terms, or the need to engage in litigation regarding these matters, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition. Moreover, the inclusion in our products of software or other intellectual property licensed from third parties on a nonexclusive basis could limit our ability to protect our proprietary rights in our products. THE LOSS OF ANY OF OUR KEY PERSONNEL COULD HARM OUR BUSINESS. Our success depends upon the continued contributions of our key employees, many of whom would be extremely difficult to replace. We do not have key person life insurance on any of our personnel. Worldwide competition for skilled employees in the network storage software industry is extremely intense. If we are unable to retain existing employees or to hire and integrate new employees, our business, financial condition and operating results could suffer. In addition, companies whose employees accept positions with competitors often claim that the competitors have engaged in unfair hiring practices. We may be the subject of such claims in the future as we seek to hire qualified personnel and could incur substantial costs defending ourselves against those claims. WE MAY NOT SUCCESSFULLY INTEGRATE THE PRODUCTS, TECHNOLOGIES OR BUSINESSES FROM, OR REALIZE THE INTENDED BENEFITS OF ACQUISITIONS. We have made, and may continue to make, acquisitions of other companies or their assets. Integration of the acquired products, technologies and businesses, 31 could divert management's time and resources. Further, we may not be able to properly integrate the acquired products, technologies or businesses, with our existing products and operations, train, retain and motivate personnel from the acquired businesses, or combine potentially different corporate cultures. If we are unable to fully integrate the acquired products, technologies or businesses, or train, retain and motivate personnel from the acquired businesses, we may not receive the intended benefits of the acquisitions, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition. IF ACTUAL RESULTS OR EVENTS DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM OUR ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS, OUR REPORTED FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR FUTURE PERIODS COULD BE MATERIALLY AFFECTED. The preparation of consolidated financial statements and related disclosure in accordance with generally accepted account principles requires management to establish policies that contain estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report on Form 10-K describes the significant accounting policies essential to preparing our financial statements. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures. We base our estimates on historical experience and assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual future results may differ materially from these estimates. We evaluate, on an ongoing basis, our estimates and assumptions. LONG TERM CHARACTER OF INVESTMENTS. Our present and future equity investments may never appreciate in value, and are subject to normal risks associated with equity investments in businesses. These investments may involve technology risks as well as commercialization risks and market risks. As a result, we may be required to write down some or all of these investments in the future. UNKNOWN FACTORS Additional risks and uncertainties of which we are unaware or which currently we deem immaterial also may become important factors that affect us. ITEM 7A. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK INTEREST RATE RISKS. Our return on our investments in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities is subject to interest rate risks. We regularly assess these risks and have established policies and business practices to manage the market risk of our marketable securities. FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK. We have several offices outside the United States. Accordingly, we are subject to exposure from adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. The effect of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations have not been material since our inception. We do not use derivative financial instruments to limit our foreign currency risk exposure. 32 ITEM 8. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA Index to Consolidated Financial Statements Page Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm ..............34 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2004 and 2003...........36 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002...................................37 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity and Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002..........38 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002...................................40 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.............................42 33 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM The Board of Directors and Stockholders FalconStor Software, Inc.: We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of FalconStor Software, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and comprehensive loss, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2004. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of FalconStor Software, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2004, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of FalconStor Software, Inc.'s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated March 10, 2005 expressed an unqualified opinion on management's assessment of, and the effective operation of, internal control over financial reporting. /s/ KPMG LLP Melville, New York March 10, 2005 34 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM The Board of Directors and Stockholders FalconStor Software, Inc.: We have audited management's assessment, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, that FalconStor Software, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, based on criteria established in Internal Control--Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management's assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management's assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, management's assessment that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on criteria established in Internal Control--Integrated Framework issued by COSO. Also, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, based on criteria established in Internal Control--Integrated Framework issued by COSO. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and comprehensive loss, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2004, and our report dated March 10, 2005, expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. /s/ KPMG LLP Melville, New York March 10, 2005 35 FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS DECEMBER 31, 2004 2003 ------------ ------------ ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents ................................................. $ 15,484,573 $ 8,486,144 Marketable securities ..................................................... 18,488,616 28,199,242 Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $2,551,616 and $1,837,934, respectively ................................................ 10,269,822 7,109,922 Prepaid expenses and other current assets ................................. 629,036 1,273,125 ------------ ------------ Total current assets ............................................. 44,872,047 45,068,433 Property and equipment, net .................................................. 4,662,269 3,861,069 Goodwill ..................................................................... 3,512,796 3,366,642 Other intangible assets, net ................................................. 307,620 396,940 Other assets ................................................................. 2,719,460 3,799,949 ------------ ------------ Total assets ..................................................... $ 56,074,192 $ 56,493,033 ============ ============ LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable .......................................................... $ 821,433 $ 562,305 Accrued expenses .......................................................... 3,501,034 2,777,391 Deferred revenue .......................................................... 4,097,279 2,202,179 ------------ ------------ Total current liabilities ........................................ 8,419,746 5,541,875 Deferred revenue ............................................................. 1,290,496 395,609 ------------ ------------ Total liabilities ................................................ 9,710,242 5,937,484 ------------ ------------ Commitments Stockholders' equity: Preferred stock - $.001 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized, none issued -- -- Common stock - $.001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 47,768,755 and 46,745,330 shares issued, respectively and 47,491,655 and 46,510,330 shares outstanding, respectively ........................ 47,769 46,745 Additional paid-in capital ................................................ 85,400,740 83,277,981 Deferred compensation ..................................................... -- (7,969) Accumulated deficit ....................................................... (36,952,436) (31,063,589) Common stock held in treasury, at cost (277,100 and 235,000 shares, respectively) .......................................................... (1,714,775) (1,435,130) Accumulated other comprehensive loss ...................................... (417,348) (262,489) ------------ ------------ Total stockholders' equity ....................................... 46,363,950 50,555,549 ------------ ------------ Total liabilities and stockholders' equity ....................... $ 56,074,192 $ 56,493,033 ============ ============ See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements 36 FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 2003 2002 ----------------------------------------------------- Revenues: Software license revenue ................................ $ 21,487,866 $ 12,250,616 $ 8,666,583 Maintenance revenue ..................................... 4,442,724 2,473,504 1,297,146 Software services and other revenue ..................... 2,778,088 2,220,015 665,163 ------------ ------------ ------------ 28,708,678 16,944,135 10,628,892 ------------ ------------ ------------ Operating expenses: Amortization of purchased and capitalized software....... 1,393,908 1,394,301 899,024 Cost of maintenance, software services and other revenue 4,150,309 2,580,141 1,309,139 Software development costs .............................. 9,050,092 7,067,605 6,280,936 Selling and marketing ................................... 14,277,167 10,966,548 9,856,496 General and administrative .............................. 5,108,516 2,878,192 2,591,430 Litigation settlement ................................... 1,300,000 -- -- Lease abandonment charge ................................ -- 550,162 -- Impairment of prepaid royalty ........................... -- -- 482,715 ------------ ------------ ------------ 35,279,992 25,436,949 21,419,740 ------------ ------------ ------------ Operating loss .................................. (6,571,314) (8,492,814) (10,790,848) ------------ ------------ ------------ Interest and other income .................................. 714,412 1,121,391 1,585,351 Impairment of long-lived assets ............................ -- 35,000 (2,300,062) ------------ ------------ ------------ Loss before income taxes .......................... (5,856,902) (7,336,423) (11,505,559) Provision for income taxes ................................ 31,945 32,532 37,606 ------------ ------------ ------------ Net loss .......................................... $ (5,888,847) $ (7,368,955) $(11,543,165) ------------ ------------ ------------ Basic and diluted net loss per share ...................... $ (0.13) $ (0.16) $ (0.26) ============ ============ ============ Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding ............................................. 46,967,422 45,967,830 45,232,595 ============ ============ ============ See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 37 FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS Accumulated other compre- Additional Deferred hensive Common paid-in compen- Accumulated Treasury income stock capital sation deficit stock (loss) --------------- --------------- --------------- ----------------- --------------- ------------- Balance, December 31, 2001 $ 45,049 $ 77,991,996 $ (1,026,674) $ (12,151,469) $ (1,220,730) $ (76,600) Issuance of stock options to non-employees - 32,890 - - - - Compensation expense for accelerated vesting of stock options - 231,415 - - - - Exercise of stock options 479 1,112,970 - - - - Amortization of deferred compensation and option forfeitures - (95,610) 555,229 - - - Net loss - - - (11,543,165) - - Acquisition of treasury stock - - - - (214,400) - Adjustment to the fair value of the net tangible assets acquired in the NPI merger - 2,150,000 - - - - Net unrealized gain on marketable securities - - - - - 90,904 Foreign currency translation adjustment - - - - - 18,769 --------------- --------------- --------------- ----------------- --------------- ------------- Balance, December 31, 2002 $ 45,528 $ 81,423,661 $ (471,445) $ (23,694,634) $ (1,435,130) $33,073 Issuance of stock options to non-employees - 86,875 - - - - Exercise of stock options 1,217 850,600 - - - - Amortization of deferred compensation - - 463,476 - - - Net loss - - - (7,368,955) - - Adjustment to the fair value of the net tangible assets acquired in the NPI merger - 916,845 - - - - Net unrealized loss on marketable securities - - - - - (214,394) Foreign currency translation adjustment - - - - - (81,168) --------------- --------------- --------------- ----------------- --------------- ------------- Balance, December 31, 2003 $ 46,745 $ 83,277,981 $ (7,969) $ (31,063,589) $ (1,435,130) $ (262,489) Issuance of stock options to non-employees - 87,023 - - - - Exercise of stock options 1,024 2,035,736 - - - - Amortization of deferred compensation - - 7,969 - - - Net loss - - - (5,888,847) - - Acquisition of treasury stock - - - - (279,645) - Net unrealized loss on marketable securities - - - - - (148,849) Foreign currency translation adjustment - - - - - (6,010) --------------- --------------- --------------- ----------------- --------------- ------------- Balance, December 31, 2004 $ 47,769 $ 85,400,740 $ - $ (36,952,436) $ (1,714,775) $ (417,348) =============== =============== =============== ================= =============== ============= 38 Total stockholders' Comprehensive equity loss ---------------- ---------------- Balance, December 31, 2001 $ 63,561,572 - Issuance of stock options to non-employees 32,890 - Compensation expense for accelerated vesting of stock options 231,415 - Exercise of stock options 1,113,449 - Amortization of deferred compensation and option forfeitures 459,619 - Net loss (11,543,165) (11,543,165) Acquisition of treasury stock (214,400) - Adjustment to the fair value of the net tangible assets acquired in the NPI merger 2,150,000 - Net unrealized gain on marketable securities 90,904 90,904 Foreign currency translation adjustment 18,769 18,769 --------------- ---------------- Balance, December 31, 2002 $ 55,901,053 $ (11,433,492) ================ Issuance of stock options to non-employees 86,875 - Exercise of stock options 851,817 - Amortization of deferred compensation 463,476 - Net loss (7,368,955) (7,368,955) Adjustment to the fair value of the net tangible assets acquired in the NPI merger 916,845 - Net unrealized loss on marketable securities (214,394) (214,394) Foreign currency translation adjustment (81,168) (81,168) --------------- ---------------- Balance, December 31, 2003 $ 50,555,549 $ (7,664,517) ================ Issuance of stock options to non-employees 87,023 - Exercise of stock options 2,036,760 - Amortization of deferred compensation 7,969 - Net loss (5,888,847) (5,888,847) Acquisition of treasury stock (279,645) - Net unrealized loss on marketable securities (148,849) (148,849) Foreign currency translation adjustment (6,010) (6,010) --------------- ---------------- Balance, December 31, 2004 $ 46,363,950 $ (6,043,706) =============== ================ See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 39 FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 2003 2002 ------------------------------------------------- Cash flows from operating activities: Net loss ......................................................... $ (5,888,847) $ (7,368,955) $(11,543,165) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization .............................. 3,656,212 2,759,030 1,747,380 Non-cash professional services expenses .................... 87,023 86,875 32,890 Equity-based compensation expense .......................... 7,969 463,476 691,034 Provision for returns and doubtful accounts ................ 3,296,275 1,700,100 930,150 Impairment of long-lived and other assets .................. -- -- 2,782,777 Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions: Accounts receivable ........................................ (6,456,175) (4,524,130) (2,658,455) Prepaid expenses and other current assets .................. 636,208 (137,115) (571,635) Other assets ............................................... (251,038) (227,711) (9,119) Accounts payable ........................................... 259,128 125,217 (121,685) Accrued expenses ........................................... 791,498 761,827 55,868 Deferred revenue ........................................... 2,789,987 415,059 1,175,735 ------------ ------------ ------------ Net cash used in operating activities ................... (1,071,760) (5,946,327) (7,488,225) ------------ ------------ ------------ Cash flows from investing activities: Purchase of marketable securities ................................ (33,897,295) (8,537,284) (39,507,257) Sale of marketable securities .................................... 43,459,072 17,034,096 28,843,893 Purchase of investments .......................................... -- (137,710) (75,000) Purchase of property and equipment ............................... (2,842,792) (2,998,908) (1,272,104) Purchase of software licenses .................................... (50,000) (1,821,000) (800,000) Purchase of intangible assets .................................... (131,392) (246,697) (145,534) Net cash paid for acquisition of IP Metrics ...................... (214,009) (287,130) (2,381,726) Net cash paid for acquisition of FarmStor ........................ -- -- (169,640) Security deposits ................................................ (4,500) (500,000) (35,802) ------------ ------------ ------------ Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities.................................................... 6,319,084 2,505,367 (15,543,170) ------------ ------------ ------------ Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from exercise of stock options .......................... 2,036,760 851,817 1,113,449 Payments to acquire treasury stock ............................... (279,645) -- (214,400) ------------ ------------ ------------ Net cash provided by financing activities ..................... 1,757,115 851,817 899,049 ------------ ------------ ------------ 40 Cash flows from discontinued operations: Payments of liabilities of discontinued operations............. -- (3,034,620) (2,066,285) ------------ ------------ ------------ Effect of exchange rate changes ..................................... (6,010) (81,168) 18,769 ------------ ------------ ------------ Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents................. 6,998,429 (5,704,931) (24,179,862) Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year ........................ 8,486,144 14,191,075 38,370,937 ------------ ------------ ------------ Cash and cash equivalents, end of year .............................. $ 15,484,573 $ 8,486,144 $ 14,191,075 ============ ============ ============ Increase in additional paid-in capital resulting from an adjustment to reduce the fair value of the liabilities of discontinued operations assumed in the merger with NPI (Notes 2 and 12) ............................. $ -- $ 916,845 $ 2,150,000 ============ ============ ============ Cash paid for income taxes .......................................... $ 24,554 $ 48,351 $ 34,082 ============ ============ ============ The Company did not pay any interest expense for the three years ended December 31, 2004. See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements 41 FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2004 (1) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (a) THE COMPANY AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS FalconStor Software, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (the "Company"), develops, manufactures and sells network storage software solutions and provides the related maintenance, implementation and engineering services. (b) PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. (c) CASH EQUIVALENTS AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents, consisting of money market funds and commercial paper, amounted to approximately $10.9 million and $8.2 million at December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Marketable securities at December 31, 2004 and 2003 amounted to $18.5 million and $28.2 million, respectively, and consisted of corporate bonds and government securities, which are classified as available for sale, and accordingly, unrealized gains and losses on marketable securities are reflected as a component of stockholders' equity. (d) REVENUE RECOGNITION The Company recognizes revenue from software licenses in accordance with Statement of Position ("SOP") 97-2, SOFTWARE REVENUE RECOGNITION. Accordingly, revenue for software licenses is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the fee is fixed and determinable, the software is delivered and collection of the resulting receivable is deemed probable. Software delivered to a customer on a trial basis is not recognized as revenue until a permanent key is delivered to the customer. Reseller customers typically send the Company a purchase order only when they have an end user identified. When a customer licenses software together with the purchase of maintenance, the Company allocates a portion of the fee to maintenance for its fair value based on the contractual maintenance renewal rate. Software maintenance fees are deferred and recognized as revenue ratably over the term of the contract. The long-term portion of deferred revenue relates to maintenance contracts with terms in excess of one year. The cost of providing technical support is included in cost of revenues. The Company provides an allowance for software product returns as a reduction of revenue. Revenues associated with software implementation and software engineering services are recognized as the services are performed. Costs of providing these services are included in cost of revenues. The Company has entered into various distribution, licensing and joint promotion agreements with OEMs and distributors, whereby the Company has provided to the reseller a non-exclusive software license to install the Company's software on certain hardware or to resell the Company's software in exchange for payments based on the products distributed by the OEM or distributor. Nonrefundable advances and engineering fees received by the Company from an OEM are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized as revenue when related software engineering services are complete, if any, and the software product master is delivered and accepted. For the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, the Company had a limited number of transactions in which it purchased hardware and bundled this hardware with the Company's software and sold the bundled solution to its customer. Since 42 the software is not essential for the functionality of the equipment included in the Company's bundled solutions, and both the hardware and software have stand alone value to the customer, a portion of the contractual fee is recognized as revenue when the software or hardware is delivered based on the relative fair value of the delivered element(s). (e) PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT Property and equipment are recorded at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets (generally between 3 to 7 years). Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective leases or over their estimated useful lives, whichever is shorter. (f) GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in business combinations. Consistent with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") 142, GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, the Company has not amortized goodwill related to its acquisitions, but has instead tested the balance for impairment. The Company's annual impairment assessment is performed on December 31st of each year, and additionally if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired. Identifiable intangible assets are amortized over a three-year period using the straight-line method. Amortization expense was $220,712, $159,248 and $52,893 for 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of other intangible assets as of December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003 are as follows: December 31, December 31, 2004 2003 ------------ ------------ Customer relationships and purchased technology: Gross carrying amount $ 216,850 $ 216,850 Accumulated amortization (180,708) (108,425) --------- --------- Net carrying amount $ 36,142 $ 108,425 ========= ========= Patents: Gross carrying amount $ 523,623 $ 392,231 Accumulated amortization (252,145) (103,716) --------- --------- Net carrying amount $ 271,478 $ 288,515 ========= ========= As of December 31, 2004, amortization expense on existing identifiable intangible assets and purchased software technology will be $965,629, $361,427, and $26,370 for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. Such assets will be fully amortized at December 31, 2007. (g) SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS AND PURCHASED SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY Costs associated with the development of new software products and enhancements to existing software products are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility of the product has been established. Based on the Company's product development process, technological feasibility is established upon completion of a working model. The Company did not capitalize any software development costs until its initial product reached technological feasibility at the end of March 2001. Until such product was released, the Company capitalized $94,570 of software development costs, of which $7,881, $31,523 and $31,524 was amortized for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Amortization of software development costs is recorded at the greater of straight line over three years or the ratio of current revenue of the related products to total current and anticipated future revenue of these products. 43 Purchased software technology of $1,045,806 and $2,381,833, net of accumulated amortization of $3,865,194 and $2,479,167, is included in other assets in the balance sheets as of December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, respectively. Amortization expense was $1,386,027, $1,362,778 and 867,499 for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. (h) INCOME TAXES Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be realized or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. (i) LONG-LIVED ASSETS The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. If the sum of the expected future cash flows, undiscounted and without interest, is less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. (j) ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION The Company applies the intrinsic-value based method of accounting prescribed by Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK ISSUED TO EMPLOYEES, and related interpretations including FASB Interpretation No. 44, ACCOUNTING FOR CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING STOCK COMPENSATION, AN INTERPRETATION OF APB OPINION No. 25 to account for its fixed-plan stock options. Under this method, compensation expense is recorded only if on the date of grant the current market price of the underlying stock exceeded the exercise price. SFAS No. 123, ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION, established accounting and disclosure requirements using a fair-value-based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation plans. As allowed by SFAS No. 123, the Company has elected to continue to apply the intrinsic-value-based method of accounting described above, and has adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123. Had the Company determined stock-based compensation cost based upon the fair value method under SFAS No. 123, the Company's pro forma net loss and diluted net loss per share would have been adjusted to the pro forma amounts indicated below: 2004 2003 2002 ------------- ------------- ------------- Net loss as reported $ (5,888,847) $ (7,368,955) $(11,543,165) Add stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net loss, net of tax 7,969 463,476 691,034 Deduct total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair-value-based method for all awards, net of tax (8,268,471) (4,930,656) (3,689,789) ------------ ------------ ------------ Net loss -pro forma $(14,149,349) $(11,836,135) $ (14,541,920) ============ ============ ============ Diluted net loss per common share-as reported $ (0.13) $ (0.16) $ (0.26) Diluted net loss per common share-pro forma $ (0.30) $ (0.26) $ (0.32) 44 The per share weighted average fair value of stock options granted during 2004, 2003 and 2002 was $6.55, $5.60 and $2.29, respectively, on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing method with the following weighted average assumptions: 2004 - expected dividend yield of 0%, risk free interest rate of 3.5%, expected stock volatility ranging from 166% to 176% and an expected option life of five years for options granted to employees of the Company, and an option life of ten years for options granted to non-employees; 2003 - expected dividend yield of 0%, risk free interest rate of 3%, expected stock volatility ranging from 68% to 153% and an expected option life of five years for options granted to employees of the Company, and an option life of ten years for options granted to non-employees; 2002 - expected dividend yield of 0%, risk free interest rate of 3%, expected stock volatility of 44% and an expected option life of five years for options granted to employees of the Company, and an option life of ten years for options granted to non-employees; (k) FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS As of December 31, 2004 and 2003, the fair value of the Company's financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximates book value due to the short maturity of these instruments. (l) FOREIGN CURRENCY Assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated at rates of exchange at the end of the period, while results of operations are translated at average exchange rates in effect for the period. Unrealized gains and losses from the translation of foreign assets and liabilities are classified as a separate component of stockholders' equity. Realized gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in the statements of operations. (m) EARNINGS PER SHARE (EPS) Basic EPS is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted EPS is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding increased by dilutive common stock equivalents. Due to net losses for the periods presented, all common stock equivalents were excluded from diluted net loss per share. As of December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, potentially dilutive common stock equivalents included 8,973,358, 9,860,425 and 9,387,579 stock options outstanding, respectively. As of December 31, 2004 and 2003, potentially dilutive common stock equivalents also included 750,000 warrants outstanding. (n) COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) Comprehensive loss includes the Company's net loss, foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized (losses) gains on marketable securities. (o) USE OF ESTIMATES The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 45 (p) NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In December, 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 109-1, APPLICATION OF FASB STATEMENT NO. 109, ACCOUNTING FOR INCOME TAXES, TO THE TAX DEDUCTION ON QUALIFIED PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES PROVIDED BY THE AMERICAN JOBS CREATION ACT OF 2004 ("FSP No. 109-1") and FASB Staff Position No. FAS 109-2, ACCOUNTING AND DISCLOSURE GUIDANCE FOR THE FOREIGN EARNINGS REPATRIATION PROVISION WITHIN THE AMERICAN JOBS CREATION ACT OF 2004 ("FSP No. 109-2"). These staff positions provide accounting guidance on how companies should account for the effects of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 that was signed into law on October 22, 2004. FSP No. 109-1 states that the tax relief (special tax deduction for domestic manufacturing) from this legislation should be accounted for as a "special deduction" and reduce tax expense in the period(s) the amounts are deductible on the tax return, instead of a tax rate reduction. FSP No. 109-2 gives a company additional time to evaluate the effects of the legislation on any plan for reinvestment or repatriation of foreign earnings for purposes of applying FASB Statement No. 109. The Company does not plan to repatriate any of its undistributed foreign earnings as of December 31, 2004. In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (R), SHARE-BASED PAYMENT ("SFAS No. 123 (R)"). This statement replaces SFAS No. 123, ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION and supercedes APB No. 25, ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK ISSUED TO EMPLOYEES. SFAS 123 (R) requires all stock-based compensation to be recognized as an expense in the financial statements and that such cost be measured according to the grant-date fair value of the stock options or other equity instruments. SFAS 123 (R) will be effective for quarterly periods beginning after June 15, 2005. While the Company currently provides the pro forma disclosures required by SFAS No. 148, ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION - TRANSITION AND DISCLOSURE, on a quarterly basis (see "Note 1 - Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation"), it is currently evaluating the impact this statement will have on its consolidated financial statements. In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151, INVENTORY COSTS - AN AMENDMENT OF ARB NO. 43, CHAPTER 4 ("SFAS No. 151"). SFAS No. 151 requires all companies to recognize a current-period charge for abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs and wasted materials. This statement also requires that the allocation of fixed production overhead to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. SFAS No. 151 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. The Company believes that this statement will not have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements. (q) RECLASSIFICATIONS Certain reclassifications have been made to prior years' consolidated financial statements to conform to the current year's presentation. (2) ACQUISITIONS On July 3, 2002, FalconStor AC, Inc., a newly formed wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, acquired all of the common stock of IP Metrics Software, Inc. ("IP Metrics"), a provider of intelligent trunking software for mission-critical networks, for $2,432,419 in cash plus payments contingent on the level of revenues from IP Metrics' products and services for a period of twenty-four months. The acquisition was accounted for under the purchase method and the results of IP Metrics are included with those of the Company from the date of acquisition. As of December 31, 2004, the Company made final aggregate contingent acquisition payments totaling $501,139 related to the sale of IP Metrics' products and services. Contingent consideration incurred through December 31, 2004 in excess of the amount accrued at the time of acquisition was $211,197, of which $146,154 and $65,043 was added to goodwill in 2004 and 2003, respectively. The fair value of the net tangible liabilities of IP Metrics assumed was $898,305, including $289,942 of accrued contingent consideration recorded at the time of acquisition. The Company purchased certain intangible assets, including customer relationships and purchased technology with a fair value of $216,850. These intangible assets are being amortized under the straight-line method over an estimated useful life of 3 years, the expected period of benefit. The 46 purchase price in excess of the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed by the Company amounted to $3,325,071 and has been recorded as goodwill. On November 12, 2002, FalconStor AC, Inc., acquired all of the common stock of FarmStor, a software sales organization in the Republic of Korea for $180,000 in cash. The fair value of the net tangible liabilities of FarmStor assumed was $7,725. The purchase price in excess of the fair value of the net tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed by the Company amounted to $187,725 and has been recorded as goodwill. On August 22, 2001, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization (the "Merger Agreement"), FalconStor, Inc. ("FalconStor"), merged with Network Peripherals, Inc. ("NPI"), with NPI as the surviving corporation. Although NPI acquired FalconStor, as a result of the transaction, FalconStor stockholders held a majority of the voting interests in the combined enterprise after the merger. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the acquisition was a "reverse acquisition" and FalconStor was the "accounting acquirer." The transaction was accounted for as a recapitalization of FalconStor and recorded based on the fair value of NPI's net tangible assets acquired by FalconStor, with no goodwill or other intangible assets being recognized. At the time of the merger, NPI had no continuing operations and, thus, any post-merger transactions related to NPI have been classified as discontinued operations. In connection with the merger, the name of NPI was changed to FalconStor Software, Inc. (3) PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT Property and equipment consist of the following: DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31, 2004 2003 ------------------------------ Computer hardware and software $ 8,542,374 $ 5,746,303 Furniture and equipment 503,819 473,774 Leasehold improvements 314,101 297,425 ----------- ----------- 9,360,294 6,517,502 Less accumulated depreciation (4,698,025) (2,656,433) ----------- ----------- $ 4,662,269 $ 3,861,069 =========== =========== Depreciation expense was $2,041,592, $1,205,839, and $826,989 in 2004, 2003, and 2002, respectively. (4) MARKETABLE SECURITIES The Company accounts for its short-term investments in accordance with SFAS 115, ACCOUNTING FOR CERTAIN INVESTMENTS IN DEBT AND EQUITY SECURITIES ("SFAS 115"). SFAS 115 establishes the accounting and reporting requirements for all debt securities and for investments in equity securities that have a readily determinable fair market value. All short-term marketable securities must be classified as one of the following: held-to-maturity, available-for-sale or trading securities. The Company's short-term investments consist of available-for-sale securities, which are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported as a separate component of stockholders' equity. Unrealized gains and losses are computed on the basis of the specific identification method. Realized gains, realized losses and declines in value 47 judged to be other-than-temporary, are included in other income. The cost of available-for-sale securities sold are based on the specific identification method and interest earned is included in interest and other income. The cost and fair values of the Company's marketable securities as of December 31, 2004 and 2003 are as follows: Aggregate Cost Unrealized Unrealized Fair Value Basis Gains Losses ------------ ----------- --------- -------------- Available-for-sales securities: December 31, 2004 $18,488,616 $18,756,422 $-- $ (267,806) December 31, 2003 $28,199,242 $28,318,199 $-- $ (118,957) Marketable securities at December 31, 2004 and 2003 consist of corporate bonds and government securities. (5) ACCRUED EXPENSES Accrued expenses are comprised of the following: DECEMBER 31, DECEMBER 31, 2004 2003 ----------- ---------- Accrued compensation $1,088,656 $ 697,839 Accrued consulting and professional fees 899,678 302,425 Accrued marketing and promotion 193,592 50,000 Other accrued expenses 770,821 965,774 Accrued IP Metrics contingent purchase price -- 67,855 Accrued hardware purchases 73,252 253,682 Accrued and deferred rent 475,035 439,816 ---------- ---------- $3,501,034 $2,777,391 ========== ========== (6) INCOME TAXES The provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 are comprised solely of foreign income taxes. The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the Company's deferred tax assets (liabilities) as of December 31, 2004 and 2003 are as follows: 48 2004 2003 ------------ ------------ U.S. net operating loss carryforwards (FalconStor) $ 13,379,600 $ 12,525,600 U.S. net operating loss carryforwards (NPI) 31,711,100 31,756,000 Start-up costs not currently deductible for taxes 384,800 714,300 Depreciation (584,300) (584,500) Compensation 361,300 367,900 Tax credit carryforwards 1,433,200 1,067,100 Deferred revenue 1,977,400 957,700 Capital loss carryforward 883,400 951,300 Lease abandonment charge 111,800 231,100 Allowance for receivables 995,100 771,900 Other 8,100 103,600 ------------ ------------ 50,661,500 48,862,000 Valuation allowance (50,661,500) (48,862,000) ------------ ------------ $ -- $ -- ============ ============ The difference between the provision for income taxes computed at the Federal statutory rate and the reported amount of tax expense attributable to loss before income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, are as follows: 2004 2003 2002 ------------- ------------ ------------- Tax recovery at Federal statutory rate $(1,991,300) $(2,494,400) $(3,911,900) Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from: State and local taxes, net of Federal income tax benefit 809,300 (318,000) (788,400) Non-deductible expenses 47,600 41,900 41,400 Compensation 2,700 157,600 389,800 Foreign tax credit (6,100) (90,000) (125,800) Net effect of foreign operations 164,800 (900) 75,700 Research and development credit (360,100) (272,200) (233,500) Increase in valuation allowance 1,365,000 3,008,600 4,590,300 ----------- ----------- ----------- $ 31,900 $ 32,600 $ 37,600 =========== =========== =========== Income (loss) before provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 are as follows: 2004 2003 2002 ------------- -------------- ------------ Domestic loss $ (5,466,000) $ (7,434,000) $(11,393,000) Foreign income (loss) (391,000) 98,000 (113,000) ------------ ------------ ------------ $ (5,857,000) $ (7,336,000) $(11,506,000) ============ ============ ============ As of December 31, 2004, the Company had U.S. net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $34,307,000 which expire from 2020 through 2024. In addition, as of the date of the merger described in Note 2, NPI had U.S. net operating loss carryforwards of $93,268,000 that start to expire in December, 2012. At December 31, 2004 and 2003, the Company established a valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets due to the Company's pre-tax losses and the resulting likelihood that the deferred tax asset is not realizable. Due to the Company's various equity transactions, which resulted in a change of control, the utilization of certain tax loss carryforwards is subject to annual limitations imposed by Internal Revenue Code Section 382. NPI 49 experienced such an ownership change as a result of the merger. As such, the Company's ability to use its NOL carryforwards to offset taxable income in the future may be significantly limited. If the entire deferred tax asset were realized, $4,618,000 would be allocated to paid-in-capital with the remainder reducing income tax expense. Of the amount allocable to paid-in-capital, $2,327,000 related to the tax effect of the deductions for payments of the liabilities of discontinued operations and the balance of $2,291,000 related to the tax effect of compensation deductions from exercises of employee and consultant stock options. (7) STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY In September, 2003, the Company entered into a worldwide OEM agreement with a major technology company (the "OEM"), and issued warrants to the OEM to purchase 750,000 shares of the Company's common stock with an exercise price of $6.18 per share. A portion of the warrants will vest annually subject to the OEM's achievement of pre-defined and mutually agreed upon sales objectives over a three-year period beginning June 1, 2004. If the OEM generates cumulative revenues to the Company in the mid-eight figure dollar range from reselling the Company's products then all the warrants granted will vest. Any warrants that do not vest by the end of the three-year period will expire. If and when it is probable that all or a portion of the warrants will vest, the then fair value of the warrants earned will be recorded as a reduction of revenue. Subsequently, each quarter the Company will apply variable accounting to adjust such amount to reflect the fair value of the warrants until they vest. As of December 31, 2004, the Company had not generated any revenues from this OEM. (8) STOCK OPTION PLANS As of May 1, 2000, the Company adopted the FalconStor Software, Inc. 2000 Stock Option Plan (the "Plan"). The Plan is administered by the Board of Directors and, as amended, provides for the issuance of up to 14,162,296 options to employees, consultants and non-employee directors. Options may be incentive ("ISO") or non-qualified. Exercise prices of ISOs granted must be at least equal to the fair value of the common stock on the date of grant, and have terms not greater than ten years, except those to an employee who owns stock with greater than 10% of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company, in which case they must have an option price at least 110% of the fair value of the stock, and expire no later than five years from the date of grant. Certain of the options granted to employees had exercise prices less than the fair value of the common stock on the date of grant, which resulted in deferred compensation of $1,028,640 and $496,960 in 2001 and 2000, respectively. The amortization of deferred compensation amounted to $7,969, $463,476 and $459,619 in 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The Company granted options to purchase an aggregate of 50,000 shares of common stock to certain non-employee consultants in exchange for professional services during 2002. The aggregate fair value of these options as determined using the fair value method under SFAS No. 123, is being expensed over the periods the services are provided. The related expense amounted to $87,023, $86,875 and $32,890 in 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. In February 2002, the Company accelerated the vesting of stock options of one employee upon his death. Compensation costs of $231,415 were recorded based on the intrinsic value of the options on the date of acceleration. On May 14, 2004 the Company adopted a 2004 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan (the "2004 Plan"). The 2004 Plan is administered by the Board of Directors and provides for the granting of options to non-employee directors of the Company to purchase up to 300,000 shares of Company common stock. Exercise prices of the options must be equal to the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant. Options granted have terms of ten years. The 2004 Plan has a term of three years. 50 Stock option activity for the periods indicated is as follows: Weighted average Number of exercise Options price ------------ ------------ Outstanding at December 31, 2001 ............... 7,274,717 $ 3.28 Granted ........................................ 3,088,500 $ 4.60 Exercised ...................................... (478,038) $ 2.32 Canceled ....................................... (497,600) $ 7.53 ---------- Outstanding at December 31, 2002 ............... 9,387,579 $ 3.55 ---------- Granted ........................................ 2,678,300 $ 7.01 Exercised ...................................... (1,224,833) $ .70 Canceled ....................................... (980,621) $ 9.19 ---------- Outstanding at December 31, 2003 ............... 9,860,425 $ 4.29 ---------- Granted ........................................ 1,227,000 $ 6.91 Exercised ...................................... (1,023,425) $ 1.99 Canceled ....................................... (1,090,642) $ 6.01 ---------- Outstanding at December 31, 2004 ............... 8,973,358 $ 4.71 ========== Vested at December 31, 2002 .................... 3,829,793 $ 3.21 ========== Vested at December 31, 2003 .................... 4,950,046 $ 2.47 ========== Vested at December 31, 2004 .................... 5,521,469 $ 3.60 ========== Options available for grant at December 31, 2004 2,698,974 ========== During 2003, one employee paid for the exercise price of certain options with 7,094 shares of common stock that were held greater than six months. Such shares which had a market value of $28,744 were retired. The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2004: OPTIONS OUTSTANDING OPTIONS EXERCISABLE ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- Weighted-Average Weighted Range of Number Remaining Contractual Average Exercise Number Weighted - Average Exercise Prices Outstanding Life (Years) Price Exercisable Exercise Price - ----------------- --------------- --------------------- -------------------- ----------------- --------------------- $0.35 - $1.01 2,391,130 5.52 $0.35 2,391,130 $0.35 $3.95 - $4.04 1,222,381 7.88 $4.03 746,861 $4.04 $5.07 - $5.86 1,899,646 7.68 $5.24 961,459 $5.18 $6.20 - $6.90 1,276,190 7.88 $6.30 675,790 $6.20 $7.44 - $8.43 1,663,150 9.14 $8.09 372,075 $8.41 $8.74 - $9.72 375,045 7.10 $9.16 228,338 $9.41 $10.95 145,816 6.37 $10.95 145,816 $10.95 ----------- ---------- 8,973,358 7.39 $4.71 5,521,469 $3.60 =========== ========== (9) LEASE ABANDONMENT CHARGE In November 2003, the Company relocated its headquarters to a larger facility. As a result of this relocation, the Company vacated its previous office space and recorded a lease abandonment charge of $550,162 for the estimated loss expected to be incurred on the remaining lease obligation through 51 July 2007. The charge included the remaining lease rental obligation reduced by cash flows the Company expects to generate from an agreement to sub-lease the facility, as well as the write-off of leasehold improvements at the Company's previous facility. As of December 31, 2004, the remaining amounts due of $217,429 associated with this charge were included in accrued expenses. (10) IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED AND OTHER ASSETS In October 2001, the Company entered into an agreement with Network-1 Security Solutions, Inc. ("NSSI"), a publicly traded company, whereby $2,800,062 was paid to NSSI, of which $2,300,062 was for the purchase of convertible preferred stock accounted for under the cost method and $500,000 was for a nonrefundable prepaid royalty recoupable against future product sales of NSSI's product. Primarily due to the decline that commenced in May, 2002 in the market value of NSSI's common stock underlying the convertible preferred stock to a value which was significantly below the Company's cost, the Company concluded in 2002 the decline in the fair value of its investment in NSSI's preferred stock was other than temporary. Accordingly, in 2002 the Company recorded an impairment charge of $2,300,062 to write down its investment in NSSI to fair value. In addition, due to the lack of market acceptance of the NSSI product in its then current state, the unrecouped prepaid royalty was not recoverable and in 2002 the Company recorded an impairment charge of $482,715 to write off this prepaid royalty. In 2003, the Company sold all its NSSI convertible preferred stock for $35,000, which was reflected as a reduction to the impairment charge in the statement of operations. (11) LITIGATION SETTLEMENT CHARGE During the third quarter of 2004, the Company resolved claims relating to alleged patent infringement brought by Dot Hill Systems Corporation ("Dot Hill") and by Crossroad Systems (Texas), Inc. ("Crossroads") against the Company. Pursuant to the terms of the Settlement Agreement between the Company and Crossroads, the Company, without admission of infringement, made a one-time payment of $1.3 million and granted to Crossroads licenses to certain Company technology in exchange for a worldwide, perpetual license to the technology underlying the Crossroads patents at issue in the litigation. All claims against the Company by both Dot Hill and Crossroads were dismissed. (12) LIABILITIES OF DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS Liabilities of NPI's discontinued operations at December 31, 2002 totaled $4.2 million and consisted of warranty related liabilities, foreign income taxes, severance related payments, professional fees and other related liabilities, including estimated settlement costs for disputes. As of December 31, 2002, the Company had reduced liabilities of discontinued operations and increased additional paid-in-capital by $2,150,000 for its then estimate of the excess of the remaining liabilities for discontinued operations over the amounts estimated to be paid. On February 14, 2003, the Company settled a claim associated with the liabilities of discontinued operations for $2,850,000. As of December 31, 2003 all significant contingent liabilities related to the discontinued operations of NPI were resolved and paid. As a result, on December 31, 2003 the excess of the remaining liabilities for discontinued operations over the amounts paid of $916,845 was reflected as an increase to additional paid-in-capital since this liability was related to the merger with NPI, which was accounted for as a recapitalization. (13) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES The Company has an operating lease covering its primary office facility that expires in February, 2012. The Company also has several operating leases related to a domestic office and offices in foreign countries. The expiration dates for these leases ranges from 2005 through 2012. The following is a schedule of future minimum lease payments for all operating leases as of December 31, 2004: 52 YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 2005................................................ $ 1,451,844 2006................................................ 1,520,105 2007................................................ 1,348,593 2008................................................ 1,230,817 2009................................................ 1,264,449 Thereafter.......................................... 3,025,992 ------------ $ 9,841,800 ============ These leases require the Company to pay its proportionate share of real estate taxes and other common charges. Total rent expense for operating leases was $1,103,008, $673,949, and $596,578 for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The Company typically provides its customers a warranty on its software products for a period of no more than 90 days. Such warranties are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies. To date, the Company has not incurred any costs related to warranty obligations. Under the terms of substantially all of its software license agreements, the Company has agreed to indemnify its customers for all costs and damages arising from claims against such customers based on, among other things, allegations that the Company's software infringes the intellectual property rights of a third party. In most cases, in the event of an infringement claim, the Company retains the right to (i) procure for the customer the right to continue using the software; (ii) replace or modify the software to eliminate the infringement while providing substantially equivalent functionality; or (iii) if neither (i) nor (ii) can be reasonably achieved, the Company may terminate the license agreement and refund to the customer a pro-rata portion of the license fee paid to the Company. Such indemnification provisions are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 5. Except for the alleged patent infringement claim discussed in note 11, through December 31, 2004, there have not been any claims under such indemnification provisions. The Company is subject to various legal proceedings and claims, asserted or unasserted, which arise in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of any such matters cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company believes that such matters will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or liquidity. (14) STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM On October 25, 2001, the Company announced that its Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to two million shares of the Company's outstanding common stock. The repurchases may be made from time to time in open market transactions in such amounts as determined at the discretion of the Company's management. The terms of the stock repurchases will be determined by management based on market conditions. During the year ended December 31, 2004, the Company purchased 42,100 shares of its common stock in open market purchases for a total cost of $279,645. As of December 31, 2004, the Company repurchased a total of 277,100 shares for $1,714,775. (15) SEGMENT REPORTING The Company is organized in a single operating segment for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing performance. Revenues from the United States to customers in the following geographical areas for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 and the location of long-lived assets as of December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 are summarized as follows: 2004 2003 2002 ------------------------------------------- Revenues: United States $18,140,465 $ 9,834,526 $ 6,629,147 Asia 5,821,902 3,580,741 2,878,108 53 Other international 4,746,311 3,528,868 1,121,637 ----------- ----------- ----------- Total Revenues $28,708,678 $16,944,135 $10,628,892 =========== =========== =========== Long-lived assets (includes all non-current assets): United States $ 9,929,214 $10,329,876 $ 7,655,900 Asia 950,387 760,148 425,791 Other international 322,544 334,576 73,706 ----------- ----------- ----------- Total long-lived assets $11,202,145 $11,424,600 $ 8,155,397 =========== =========== =========== For the year ended December 31, 2004, the Company had one customer that accounted for 16% of revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2003, the Company did not have any customers that accounted for over 10% of revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2002, the Company had one customer that accounted for 16% of revenues. As of December 31, 2004, the Company had three customers with accounts receivable balances greater than 5% of gross accounts receivable, which in the aggregate were 30% of the accounts receivable balance. As of December 31, 2003, the Company had two customers with accounts receivable balances greater than 5% of gross accounts receivable, which in the aggregate were 11% of the accounts receivable balance. (16) VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS - ALLOWANCE FOR RETURNS AND DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS Balance at Additions Balance at Beginning of charged End of Period Ended, Period to Expense Deductions Period - ------------------ ----------- ----------- ---------- ------------ December 31, 2004 $1,837,934 $3,296,275 $2,582,593 $2,551,616 December 31, 2003 $ 813,645 $1,700,100 $ 675,811 $1,837,934 December 31, 2002 $ 375,541 $ 930,150 $ 492,046 $ 813,645 (17) QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED) The following is a summary of selected quarterly financial data for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003: Fiscal Quarter First Second Third Fourth - --------------- -------------- --------------- ----------------- ---------------- 2004 Revenue $ 5,258,798 $ 6,483,137 $ 7,469,999 $ 9,496,744 =============== ============== ================ ============== Net income (loss) $ (2,221,507) $ (1,713,091) $ (2,293,083) $ 338,834 =============== ============== ================= ============== Basic net income (loss) per share $ (0.05) $ (0.04) $ (0.05) $ 0.01 =============== ============== ================ ============= 54 Diluted net income (loss) per share $ (0.05) $ (0.04) $ (0.05) $ 0.01 =============== ============== ================ ============= Basic weighted average common shares outstanding 46,638,740 46,859,326 47,054,294 47,307,612 =============== ============== ================ ============= Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding 46,638,740 46,859,326 47,054,294 51,249,985 =============== ============== ================ ============= 2003 Revenue $ 3,678,907 $ 4,090,877 $ 4,082,617 $ 5,091,734 =============== ============== ================ ============= Net loss $ (1,738,853) $ (1,578,925) $ (1,894,198) $ (2,156,979) =============== ============== ================ ============== Basic and diluted net loss per share $ (0.04) $ (0.03) $ (0.04) $ (0.05) =============== =============== ================= ============== Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding 45,499,862 45,848,994 46,134,816 46,376,183 =============== ============== ================= ============== The sum of the quarterly net loss per share amounts do not always equal the annual amount reported, as per share amounts are computed independently for each quarter and the annual period based on the weighted average common shares outstanding in each such period. 55 ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES. Disclosure Controls and Procedures ---------------------------------- The Company maintains "disclosure controls and procedures," as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15e and 15d-15e of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its reports, pursuant to the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to its management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding the required disclosures. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management has recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurances of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. The Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (its principal executive officer and principal accounting officer, respectively) have evaluated the effectiveness of its "disclosure controls and procedures" as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based on their evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that its disclosure controls and procedures are effective. Internal Control Over Financial Reporting ----------------------------------------- MANAGEMENT'S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING The Company's management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company. To evaluate the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting, the Company's management uses the Integrated Framework adopted by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO"). The Company's management has assessed the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, using the COSO framework. The Company's management has determined that the Company's internal control over financial reporting is effective as of that date. KPMG LLP, the registered public accounting firm that has audited the Company's financial statements included in this report has issued their attestation report on management's assessment of the Company's internal control over financial reporting, which is included herein. ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION Not applicable. PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT Information called for by Part III, Item 10, regarding the Registrant's directors will be included in our Proxy Statement relating to our annual meeting of stockholders scheduled to be held 56 in May 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference. The information appears in the Proxy Statement under the captions "Election of Directors", "Management" and "Committees of the Board of Directors". The Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2004, our year-end. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION Information called for by Part III, Item 11, will be included in our Proxy Statement relating to our annual meeting of stockholders scheduled to be held in May 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference. The information appears in the Proxy Statement under the caption "Executive Compensation." The Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2004, our year-end. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT Information called for by Part III, Item 12, will be included in our Proxy Statement relating to our annual meeting of stockholders scheduled to be held in May 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference. The information appears in the Proxy Statement under the captions "Beneficial Ownership of Shares" and "Equity Compensation Plan Information." The Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2004, our year-end. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS Information regarding our relationships and related transactions will be included in our Proxy Statement relating to our annual meeting of stockholders scheduled to be held in May 2005, and is incorporated by reference. The information appears in the Proxy Statement under the caption "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions." The Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2004, our year-end. ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES Information called for by Part III, Item 14, will be included in our Proxy Statement relating to our annual meeting of stockholders scheduled to be held in May 2005, and is incorporated herein by reference. The information appears in the Proxy Statement under the caption "Principal Accountant Fees and Services." The Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2004, our year-end. 57 PART IV ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES The information required by subsections (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this item are included in the response to Item 8 of Part II of this annual report on Form 10-K. (b) Exhibits 2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of May 4, 2001, among FalconStor, Inc., Network Peripherals Inc., and Empire Acquisition Corp, incorporated herein by reference to Annex A to the Registrant's joint proxy/prospectus on Form S-4, filed May 11, 2001. 3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's registration statement on Form S-1 (File no. 33-79350), filed on April 28, 1994. 3.2 Bylaws, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant's quarterly report on form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2000, filed on May 10, 2000. 3.3 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998, filed on March 22, 1999. 3.4 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Registrant's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001, filed on March 27, 2002. 4.1 2000 Stock Option Plan, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant's registration statement on Form S-8, filed on September 21, 2001. 4.2 2000 Stock Option Plan, as amended May 15, 2003, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99 to the Registrant's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2003, filed on August 14, 2003. 4.3 *2000 Stock Option Plan, as amended May 14, 2004. 4.4 1994 Outside Directors Stock Plan, as amended May 17, 2002 incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002, filed on March 17, 2003. 4.5 *2004 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan. 10.1 Agreement of lease between Huntington Quadrangle 2, LLC, and FalconStor Software, Inc., dated August, 2003, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2003, filed on November 14, 2003. 58 10.2 Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated September 1, 2004 between Registrant and ReiJane Huai, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2004, filed on November 9, 2004. 10.3 Change of Control Agreement dated December 10, 2001 between the Registrant and ReiJane Huai, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001, filed on March 27, 2002. 10.4 Change of Control Agreement dated December 7, 2001 between the Registrant and Wayne Lam, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001, filed on March 27, 2002. 10.5 Change of Control Agreement dated February 2, 2004 between the Registrant and Jim Weber, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99 to the Registrant's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2004, filed on May 10, 2004. 21.1 Subsidiaries of Registrant - FalconStor, Inc., FalconStor AC, Inc., FalconStor Software (Korea), Inc. 23.1 *Consent of KPMG LLP. 31.1 *Certification of the Chief Executive Officer 31.2 *Certification of the Chief Financial Officer 32.1 *Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. ss. 1350) 32.2 *Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. ss. 1350) *- filed herewith. 59 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has signed this report by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in Melville, State of New York on March 10, 2005. FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. By: /s/ ReiJane Huai March 16, 2005 ----------------------------------------- -------------- ReiJane Huai, President, Chief Executive Date Officer of FalconStor Software, Inc. POWER OF ATTORNEY FalconStor Software, Inc. and each of the undersigned do hereby appoint ReiJane Huai and James Weber, and each of them severally, its or his true and lawful attorney to execute on behalf of FalconStor Software, Inc. and the undersigned any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and to file the same with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission; each of such attorneys shall have the power to act hereunder with or without the other. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated. By: /s/ ReiJane Huai March 16, 2005 ---------------------------------------------------- ----------------- ReiJane Huai, President, Chief Executive Officer and Date Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive Officer) By: /s/ James Weber March 16, 2005 ----------------------------------------------------- ----------------- James Weber, Chief Financial Officer, Vice President Date and Treasurer (Principal Accounting Officer) By: /s/ Steven L. Bock March 16, 2005 ----------------------------------------------------- ---------------- Steven L. Bock, Director Date By: /s/ Patrick B. Carney March 16, 2005 ----------------------------------------------------- ---------------- Patrick B. Carney, Director Date By: /s/ Lawrence S. Dolin March 16, 2005 ----------------------------------------------------- ---------------- Lawrence S. Dolin, Director Date By: /s/ Steven R. Fischer March 16, 2005 ----------------------------------------------------- ---------------- Steven R. Fischer, Director Date 60