FORM 10-Q SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 /X/ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2003 -------------------------------------------- / / TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from _______________ to ________________________ Commission File Number 0-23970 FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) DELAWARE 77-0216135 (State of Incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 125 Baylis Road Melville, New York 11747 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code) Registrant's telephone number, including area code: 631-777-5188 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes /X/ No / / Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes /X/ No / / The number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding as of November 4, 2003 was 46,314,393, which includes redeemable common shares. -1-FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES FORM 10-Q INDEX Page PART I. Financial Information 3 Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements 3 Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2003 (unaudited) and December 31, 2002 3 Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002 4 Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002 5 Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 6 Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 14 Item 3. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures about Market Risk 26 Item 4. Controls and Procedures 26 PART II. Other Information 27 Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds 27 Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K 27 -2- PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS September 30, 2003 December 31, 2002 ------------------ ----------------- Assets (unaudited) Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents ................................................ $ 10,129,645 $ 14,191,075 Marketable securities .................................................... 29,973,451 36,910,448 Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $1,284,067 and $813,645, respectively.................................................. 5,379,276 4,285,892 Prepaid expenses and other current assets ................................ 1,374,743 1,167,174 ------------ ------------ Total current assets ............................................ 46,857,115 56,554,589 Property and equipment, net ................................................. 3,203,477 2,068,001 Goodwill .................................................................... 3,315,315 3,301,599 Other intangible assets, net ................................................ 365,732 309,491 Other assets ................................................................ 3,472,734 2,476,306 ------------ ------------ Total assets .................................................... $ 57,214,373 $ 64,709,986 ============ ============ Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Current liabilities: Accounts payable ......................................................... $ 637,359 $ 437,088 Accrued expenses ......................................................... 2,305,705 1,987,651 Deferred revenue ......................................................... 2,035,875 2,182,729 Liabilities of discontinued operations ................................... -- 4,201,465 ------------ ------------ Total current liabilities ....................................... 4,978,939 8,808,933 ------------ ------------ Commitments Stockholders' equity: Convertible preferred stock - $.001 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized -- -- Common stock - $.001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 46,455,672 and 45,527,590 shares issued, respectively.................. 46,456 45,528 Additional paid-in capital ............................................... 82,819,903 81,423,661 Deferred compensation .................................................... (123,838) (471,445) Accumulated deficit ...................................................... (28,906,610) (23,694,634) Common stock held in treasury, at cost (235,000 shares) .................. (1,435,130) (1,435,130) Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) gain .............................. (165,347) 33,073 ------------ ------------ Total stockholders' equity ...................................... 52,235,434 55,901,053 ------------ ------------ Total liabilities and stockholders' equity ...................... $ 57,214,373 $ 64,709,986 ============ ============ See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements. -3- FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, --------------------------- ---------------------------- 2003 2002 2003 2002 ----------- ------------ ------------- ------------ Revenues: Software license revenue ..................................... $ 2,878,448 $ 2,311,811 $ 8,589,186 $ 6,045,034 Software services and other revenue .......................... 1,204,169 543,711 3,263,215 1,167,948 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 4,082,617 2,855,522 11,852,401 7,212,982 Operating expenses: Amortization of purchased and capitalized software................................................. 358,798 230,659 981,337 648,921 Cost of software services and other revenue ............... 620,359 302,351 1,804,015 900,260 Software development costs ................................ 1,821,442 1,604,412 5,105,196 4,719,102 Selling and marketing ..................................... 2,706,326 2,473,844 7,893,247 7,329,336 General and administrative ................................ 736,774 644,094 2,127,593 1,899,118 Impairment of prepaid royalty ............................. -- 482,715 -- 482,715 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 6,243,699 5,738,075 17,911,388 15,979,452 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Operating loss .................................... (2,161,082) (2,882,553) (6,058,987) (8,766,470) ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Interest and other income .................................... 270,075 405,033 867,914 1,242,894 Impairment of long-lived assets .............................. -- (1,084,935) -- (1,084,935) ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Loss before income taxes ............................ (1,891,007) (3,562,455) (5,191,073) (8,608,511) Provision for income taxes ................................... 3,191 -- 20,903 -- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Net loss ............................................ $ (1,894,198) $ (3,562,455) $ (5,211,976) $ (8,608,511) ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Basic and diluted net loss per share ......................... $ (0.04) $ (0.08) $ (0.11) $ (0.19) ============ ============ ============ ============ Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding ............................................... 46,134,816 45,239,977 45,830,216 45,221,168 ============ ============ ============ ============ See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements. 4 FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED) Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003 2002 ------------- ------------- Cash flows from operating activities: Net loss ........................................................ $ (5,211,976) $ (8,608,511) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization ............................. 2,059,840 1,235,048 Non-cash professional services expenses ................... 47,315 30,278 Equity-based compensation expense ......................... 347,607 575,173 Impairment of long-lived and other assets ................. -- 1,567,650 Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions: Accounts receivable, net .................................. (1,093,384) (880,593) Prepaid expenses and other current assets ................. (207,569) (431,579) Other assets .............................................. (145,412) (5,179) Accounts payable .......................................... 200,271 (324,094) Accrued expenses .......................................... 341,468 101,179 Deferred revenue .......................................... (146,854) 653,014 ------------ ------------ Net cash used in operating activities .................. (3,808,694) (6,087,614) ------------ ------------ Cash flows from investing activities: Sale of marketable securities ................................... 14,850,965 16,898,656 Purchase of marketable securities ............................... (8,113,555) (17,267,619) Purchase of investment .......................................... (137,710) (75,000) Purchase of property and equipment .............................. (2,128,364) (935,241) Purchase of software licenses ................................... (1,171,000) (600,000) Purchase of intangible assets ................................... (165,499) (93,401) Security deposit ................................................ (500,000) -- Net cash paid for acquisition of IP Metrics ..................... (287,130) (2,365,374) ------------ ------------ Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities .......... 2,347,707 (4,437,979) ------------ ------------ Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from exercise of stock options ......................... 433,010 1,099,139 Payments to acquire treasury stock .............................. -- (214,400) ------------ ------------ Net cash provided by financing activities .................... 433,010 884,739 ------------ ------------ Cash flows from discontinued operations: Payments of liabilities of discontinued operations .............. (3,034,620) (1,964,172) ------------ ------------ Effect of exchange rate changes on cash ............................ 1,167 9,811 ------------ ------------ Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents .......................... (4,061,430) (11,595,215) Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period ..................... 14,191,075 38,370,937 ------------ ------------ Cash and cash equivalents, end of period ........................... $ 10,129,645 $ 26,775,722 ============ ============ The Company did not pay any interest expense or income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002. See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements. -5- FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (1) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (a) THE COMPANY AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS FalconStor Software, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (the "Company"), develops, manufactures and sells network storage infrastructure software solutions and provides the related maintenance, implementation and engineering services. (b) PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. (c) UNAUDITED INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, included herein have been prepared, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations relating to interim financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company at September 30, 2003 and the results of its operations for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002. (d) CASH EQUIVALENTS AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents, consisting of money market funds and commercial paper, amounted to approximately $9.0 million at September 30, 2003. Marketable securities at September 30, 2003 amounted to approximately $30.0 million and consisted of corporate bonds and government securities, which are classified as available for sale, and accordingly, unrealized gains and losses on marketable securities are reflected as a component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) gain in stockholders' equity. (e) REVENUE RECOGNITION The Company recognizes revenue from software licenses in accordance with Statement of Position ("SOP") 97-2, SOFTWARE REVENUE RECOGNITION. Accordingly, revenue for software licenses is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the fee is fixed and determinable, and the software is delivered and collection of the resulting receivable is deemed probable. Software delivered to a customer on a trial basis is not recognized as revenue until a permanent key is delivered to the customer. When a customer licenses software together with the purchase of maintenance, the Company allocates a portion of the fee to maintenance for its fair value based on the contractual maintenance renewal rate. Software maintenance fees are deferred and recognized as revenue ratably over the term of the contract. The cost of providing technical support is included in cost of revenues. Revenues associated with software implementation and software engineering services are recognized as the services are performed. Costs of providing these services are included in cost of revenues. The Company has entered into various distribution, licensing and joint promotion agreements with OEMs and distributors, whereby the Company has provided to the reseller a non-exclusive software license to install the Company's software on certain hardware or to resell the Company's software in exchange for payments based on the products distributed by the OEM or distributor. Nonrefundable advances and engineering fees received by the Company -6- from an OEM are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized as revenue when related software engineering services are complete, if any, and the software product master is delivered and accepted. For the nine months ended September 30, 2003, the Company had a limited number of transactions in which it purchased hardware and bundled this hardware with the Company's software and sold the bundled solution to its customer. Since the software is not essential for the functionality of the equipment included in the Company's bundled solutions, and both the hardware and software have stand alone value to the customer, a portion of the contractual fees is recognized as revenue when the software or hardware is delivered based on the relative fair value of the delivered element(s). (f) PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is recognized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets (3 to 7 years). (g) GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in business combinations. Consistent with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") 142, GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, the Company has not amortized goodwill related to its acquisitions, but has instead tested the balance for impairment. Identifiable intangible assets are amortized over a three-year period using the straight-line method. Amortization expense was $42,643 and $4,473 for the three months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively, and $109,258 and $6,429 for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of other intangible assets as of September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002 are as follows: September 30, December 31, 2003 2002 ------------- ------------ Customer relationships and purchased technology: Gross carrying amount $ 216,850 $ 216,850 Accumulated amortization (90,354) (36,142) --------- --------- Net carrying amount $ 126,496 $ 180,708 ========= ========= Patents and trademarks: Gross carrying amount $ 311,033 $ 145,534 Accumulated amortization (71,797) (16,751) --------- --------- Net carrying amount $ 239,236 $ 128,783 ========= ========= (h) SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS AND PURCHASED TECHNOLOGY Costs associated with the development of new software products and enhancements to existing software products are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility of the product has been established. Based on the Company's product development process, technological feasibility is established upon completion of a working model. The Company did not capitalize any software development costs until its initial product reached technological feasibility at the end of March 2001. Until such product was released, the Company capitalized $94,570 of software development costs, of which $7,881 was amortized for the three months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, and $23,643 was amortized for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002. Amortization of software development costs is recorded at the greater of straight line over three years or the ratio of current revenue of the related products to total current and anticipated future revenue of these products. Purchased software technology of $2,136,917 and $1,923,611, net of accumulated amortization of $2,074,083 and $1,116,389, is included in other assets in the balance sheets as of September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, -7- respectively. Amortization expense was $350,917 and $222,778 for the three months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively, and $957,694 and $625,279 for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively. (i) INCOME TAXES Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be realized or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. (j) LONG-LIVED ASSETS The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. If the sum of the expected future cash flows, undiscounted and without interest, is less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss is recognized as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. (k) ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION The Company applies the intrinsic-value based method of accounting prescribed by Accounting Principles Board ("APB") Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related interpretations including Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Interpretation No. 44, ACCOUNTING FOR CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING STOCK COMPENSATION, AN INTERPRETATION OF APB OPINION NO. 25, issued in March 2000, to account for its fixed-plan stock options. Under this method, compensation expense is recorded on the date of grant only if the current market price of the underlying stock exceeded the exercise price. SFAS No. 123, ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION, established accounting and disclosure requirements using a fair-value-based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation plans. As allowed by SFAS No. 123, the Company has elected to continue to apply the intrinsic-value-based method of accounting described above, and has adopted only the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123. Had the Company determined stock-based compensation cost based upon the fair value method under SFAS No. 123, the Company's pro forma net loss and diluted net loss per share would have been adjusted to the pro forma amounts indicated below: Three months ended, Nine months ended ------------------- ----------------- September 30 September 30 ------------ --------------- 2003 2002 2003 2002 ---- ---- ---- ---- Net loss as reported $ (1,894,198) $ (3,562,455) $ (5,211,976) $ (8,608,511) Add stock-based employee compensation expense 115,861 115,868 347,607 575,173 included in reported net income, net of tax Deduct total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair-value-based method for all awards, net of tax (1,736,751) (1,253,836) (4,742,578) (3,384,788) ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Net loss - pro forma $ (3,515,088) $ (4,700,423) $ (9,606,947) $(11,418,126) ============ ============ ============ ============ Basic net loss per common share-as reported $ (.04) $ (.08) $ (.11) $ (.19) Basic net loss per common share-pro forma $ (.08) $ (.10) $ (.21) $ (.25) The per share weighted average fair value of stock options granted was $4.59 for the three months ended September 30, 2003 and $3.11 and $2.17 for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively, on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing method with the following weighted average assumptions: 2003--expected dividend yield of 0%, risk free interest -8- rate of 3%, expected stock volatility of 68% and an expected option life of five years for options granted to employees of the Company, and an option life of ten years for options granted to non-employees; 2002--expected dividend yield of 0%, risk free interest rate of 3%, expected stock volatility of 44% and an expected option life of five years for options granted to employees of the Company, and an option life of ten years for options granted to non-employees. (l) FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS As of September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, the fair value of the Company's financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximates book value due to the short maturity of these instruments. (m) FOREIGN CURRENCY Assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated from the functional currency to the U.S. dollar at rates of exchange at the end of the period, while results of operations are translated at average exchange rates in effect for the period. Unrealized gains and losses from the translation of foreign assets and liabilities are classified as a component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) gain in stockholders' equity. Realized gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in the statements of operations. (n) EARNINGS PER SHARE (EPS) Basic EPS is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted EPS is computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding increased by dilutive common stock equivalents. Due to net losses for the periods presented, all common stock equivalents were excluded from diluted net loss per share. As of September 30, 2003, potentially dilutive common stock equivalents included 8,710,867 stock options and 750,000 warrants outstanding. (o) COMPREHENSIVE LOSS Comprehensive loss amounted to $2,026,200 and $3,429,401 for the three months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively, and $5,410,396 and $8,449,509 for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Comprehensive loss includes the Company's net loss, foreign currency translation adjustments of $55,969 and $(16,359) for the three months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively, and $1,167 and $9,811 for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Additionally, comprehensive loss includes the Company's unrealized gains/(losses) on marketable securities of $(183,571) and $149,413 for the three months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively, and $(199,587) and $149,191 for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively. (p) USE OF ESTIMATES The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. (q) NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In November 2002, the Emerging Issue Task Force ("EITF") reached a consensus on EITF Issue No. 00-21, ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE ARRANGEMENTS WITH MULTIPLE DELIVERABLES. The Issue addresses the accounting for arrangements that may involve the delivery or performance of multiple revenue-generating activities and how to determine whether such an arrangement involving multiple deliverables contains more than one unit of accounting for purposes of revenue recognition. The guidance in this issue is effective for revenue arrangements entered into in quarters beginning after June 15, 2003. Accordingly, the Company adopted EITF Issue No. 00-21 effective July 1, 2003. The adoption of EITF Issue No. 00-21 did not have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows. In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION--TRANSITION AND DISCLOSURE. SFAS No. 148 amends SFAS No. 123, ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION, to provide alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value-based method of -9- accounting for stock-based employee compensation ("transition provisions"). In addition, SFAS No. 148 amends the disclosure requirements of APB Opinion No. 28, INTERIM FINANCIAL REPORTING, to require proforma disclosure in interim financial statements by companies that elect to account for stock-based compensation using the intrinsic value method prescribed in APB Opinion No. 25 ("disclosure provisions"). The transition methods of SFAS No. 148 are effective for financial statements for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2002. The Company continues to use the intrinsic value method of accounting for stock-based compensation. As a result, the transition provisions do not have an effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements. The Company has adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 148. The FASB recently indicated that they will require stock-based employee compensation to be recorded as a charge to earnings beginning in 2004. The Company will continue to monitor the progress of the FASB on the issuance of this standard as well as evaluate its position with respect to current guidance. In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity. SFAS No. 150 establishes standards for how a company classifies and measures certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity. It requires that an issuer classify certain financial instruments as a liability (or as an asset in some circumstances). SFAS No. 150 is effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and otherwise is effective at the beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 150 did not have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. In July 2003, the EITF reached a consensus on Issue 03-5, Applicability of AICPA SOP 97-2 to Non-Software Deliverables. The consensus was reached that SOP 97-2 is applicable to non-software deliverables if they are included in an arrangement that contains software that is essential to the non-software deliverables' functionality. This consensus is to be applied to fiscal periods beginning after August 13, 2003, and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. (r) RECLASSIFICATIONS Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year's consolidated financial statements to conform to the current year's presentation. (2) ACQUISITIONS On July 3, 2002, FalconStor AC, Inc., a newly formed wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, acquired all of the common stock of IP Metrics Software, Inc. ("IP Metrics"), a provider of intelligent trunking software for mission-critical networks, for $2,432,419 in cash plus payments contingent on the level of revenues from IP Metrics' products and services for a period of twenty-four months. The acquisition was accounted for under the purchase method and the results of IP Metrics are included with those of the Company from the date of acquisition. As of September 30, 2003, the Company made contingent acquisition payments totaling $287,130 related to the sale of IP Metrics' products and services and accrued an additional $16,527 of incurred but unpaid contingent consideration. The fair value of the net tangible liabilities of IP Metrics assumed was $898,306. The Company purchased certain intangible assets, including customer relationships and purchased technology with a fair value of $216,850. These intangible assets are being amortized under the straight-line method over an estimated useful life of 3 years, the expected period of benefit. The purchase price in excess of the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed by the Company amounted to $3,127,590 and has been recorded as goodwill. On November 12, 2002, FalconStor AC, Inc., acquired all of the common stock of FarmStor, a software sales organization in the Republic of Korea for $180,000 in cash. The fair value of the net tangible liabilities of FarmStor assumed was $7,725. The purchase price in excess of the fair value of the net tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed by the Company amounted to $187,725 and has been recorded as goodwill. The following unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information gives effect to the above described acquisitions of IP Metrics and FarmStor, as if they had occurred at the beginning of the period by consolidating the continuing results of operations of the Company, IP Metrics and FarmStor for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002. -10- Three months Nine months Ended Ended September 30, 2002 September 30, 2002 ------------------ ------------------ Revenues $ 2,855,522 $ 7,673,660 Net loss from continuing operations (3,571,171) (9,008,643) Basic and diluted net loss from continuing operations per share $ (0.08) $ (0.20) Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding 45,239,977 45,221,168 The pro forma information is provided for illustrative purposes only and does not represent what the actual consolidated results of operations would have been had the acquisitions occurred on the date assumed, nor is it necessarily indicative of future results of operations. (3) SEGMENT REPORTING The Company is organized in a single operating segment for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing performance. Revenues from the United States to customers in the following geographical areas for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2003 and September 30, 2002 and the location of long-lived assets as of September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002 are summarized as follows: Three months ended Nine months ended September 30, September 30, 2003 2002 2003 2002 ---- ---- ---- ---- United States $ 2,397,445 $ 1,673,411 $ 6,878,237 $ 4,166,703 Asia and other international 1,685,172 1,182,111 4,974,164 3,046,279 ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- Total revenues $ 4,082,617 $ 2,855,522 $11,852,401 $ 7,212,982 =========== =========== =========== =========== September 30, December 31, 2003 2002 ---------- ---------- Long-lived assets (includes all non-current assets): United States $ 9,520,696 $ 7,655,900 Asia and other international 836,562 499,497 ----------- ----------- Total long-lived assets $10,357,258 $ 8,155,397 =========== =========== -11- (4) STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM On October 25, 2001, the Company announced that its Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to two million shares of the Company's outstanding common stock. The repurchases will be made from time to time in open market transactions in such amounts as determined at the discretion of the Company's management. The terms of the stock repurchases will be determined by management based on market conditions. As of September 30, 2003, the Company repurchased a total of 235,000 shares for $1,435,130. The Company did not repurchase any shares during the nine months ended September 30, 2003. (5) COMMITMENTS The Company has entered into an operating lease effective November 1, 2003 covering its new primary office facility that expires in February, 2012. The Company also has several operating leases related to domestic offices and offices in foreign countries. The expiration dates for these leases range from 2003 through 2007. The following is a schedule of future minimum lease payments for these operating leases (which includes the operating lease effective November 1, 2003) as of September 30, 2003: 2003 (remaining 3 months)........ $ 188,022 2004............................. 778,068 2005............................. 1,080,696 2006............................. 1,375,952 2007............................. 1,238,841 2008............................. 1,121,064 Thereafter....................... 3,778,261 ----------- $ 9,560,904 =========== (6) EQUITY In September, 2003, the Company entered into a worldwide OEM agreement with a major technology company (the "OEM"), and issued warrants to the OEM to purchase Company common stock. The Company issued to the OEM warrants to purchase 750,000 shares of the Company's common stock with an exercise price of $6.18 per share. A portion of the warrants will vest annually subject to the OEM's achievement of pre-defined and mutually agreed upon sales objectives over a three-year period. If the OEM generates cumulative revenues to the Company in the mid-eight figure dollar range from reselling the Company's products then all the warrants granted will vest. Any warrants that do not vest by the end of the three-year period will expire. If and when it is probable the warrants will vest, the then fair value of the warrants earned will be recorded as a reduction of revenue. Subsequently, each quarter the Company will apply variable accounting to adjust such amount to reflect the fair value of the warrants until they vest. The Company expects to begin deriving revenues from sales by the OEM in 2004. On May 15, 2003, the Company's stockholders approved an amendment to the Company's 2000 Stock Option Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance thereunder by 2,000,000 from 10,662,296 to 12,662,296. (7) IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED AND OTHER ASSETS In October 2001, the Company entered into an agreement with Network-1 Security Solutions, Inc. ("NSSI"), a publicly traded company, whereby $2,800,062 was paid to NSSI, of which $2,300,062 was for the purchase of convertible preferred stock accounted for under the cost method and $500,000 was for a nonrefundable prepaid royalty recoupable against future product sales of NSSI's product. Primarily due to the decline since May, 2002 in the market value of NSSI's common stock underlying the convertible preferred stock to a value which -12- was significantly below the Company's cost, the Company concluded the decline in the fair value of its investment in NSSI's preferred stock was other than temporary. Accordingly, in September 2002 the Company recorded an impairment charge of $1,084,935 to write down its investment in NSSI to fair value. In addition, due to the lack of market acceptance of the NSSI product in its then current state, the unrecouped prepaid royalty was not recoverable and in 2002 the Company recorded an impairment charge of $482,715 to write off this prepaid royalty. (8) LIABILITIES OF DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS On February 14, 2003, the Company settled a claim associated with the liabilities of discontinued operations for a payment of $2,850,000. As of September 30, 2003 all significant contingent liabilities related to the discontinued operations of NPI have been resolved and paid. As a result, the excess of the remaining liabilities for discontinued operations over the amounts paid of $916,844 has been reflected as an increase to additional paid-in-capital in the accompanying balance sheet as of September 30, 2003 since this liability was related to the merger with NPI, which was accounted for as a recapitalization. -13- ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS THE FOLLOWING MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS CONTAINS "FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS" WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 27A OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 AND SECTION 21E OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934. THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS CAN BE IDENTIFIED BY THE USE OF PREDICTIVE, FUTURE-TENSE OR FORWARD-LOOKING TERMINOLOGY, SUCH AS "BELIEVES," "ANTICIPATES," "EXPECTS," "ESTIMATES," "PLANS," "MAY," "INTENDS," "WILL," OR SIMILAR TERMS. INVESTORS ARE CAUTIONED THAT ANY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE NOT GUARANTEES OF FUTURE PERFORMANCE AND INVOLVE SIGNIFICANT RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES, AND THAT ACTUAL RESULTS MAY DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE PROJECTED IN THE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION SHOULD BE READ TOGETHER WITH THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND NOTES TO THOSE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS INCLUDED ELSEWHERE IN THIS REPORT. OVERVIEW FalconStor was incorporated in Delaware for the purpose of developing, manufacturing and selling network storage infrastructure software solutions and providing related maintenance, implementation and engineering services. Our unique approach to storage networking enables companies to embrace state-of-art equipment (based on SCSI, Fibre Channel or iSCSI) from any storage manufacturer without rendering their existing or legacy solutions obsolete. Several strategic partners have recognized the industrial strength of our flagship IPStor(R) software and utilized it to power their special purpose storage appliances to perform Real Time Data Migration, Data Replication, and other advanced storage services. IPStor leverages high performance IP or FC based networks to help corporate IT aggregate storage capacity and contain the run-away cost of administering mission-critical storage services such as snapshot, backup, data replication, and other storage services, in a distributed environment. Hundreds of customers around the world have deployed IPStor in the production environment to manage storage infrastructure with minimal TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) and optimal ROI (Return on Investment). On July 3, 2002, we acquired IP Metrics, a provider of intelligent trunking software for mission-critical networks. For more information relating to the acquisition of IP Metrics, including the accounting treatment, see note 2 to the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements. Our main critical accounting policies are those related to revenue recognition. As described in note 1 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements, we recognize revenue in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Position 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, as amended. Software license revenue is recognized only when pervasive evidence of an arrangement exists and the fee is fixed and determinable, among other criteria. An arrangement is evidenced by a signed customer contract for nonrefundable payments received from OEMs, or a customer purchase order for each software license resold by an OEM, distributor or solution provider to an end user. The software license fees are fixed and determinable as our standard payment terms range from 30 to 90 days, depending on regional billing practices, and we have not provided any of our customers extended payment terms. When a customer licenses software together with the purchase of maintenance, we allocate a portion of the fee to maintenance for its fair value based on the contractual maintenance renewal rate. We review accounts receivable to determine which are doubtful of collection. In making the determination of the appropriate allowance for the uncollectible accounts, we consider specific past due accounts, analysis of our accounts receivable aging, customer payment terms, historical collections and write-offs, changes in customer demand and relationships, concentrations of credit risk and customer credit worthiness. Historically, we have experienced a low level of write-offs given our customer relationships, contract provisions and credit assessments. Changes in the credit worthiness of customers, general economic conditions and other factors may impact the level of future write-offs and our general and administrative expenses. -14- RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2003 COMPARED TO THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2002. REVENUES Overall, revenues increased 43% from $2.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2002 to $4.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003. SOFTWARE LICENSE REVENUE Software license revenue is comprised of software licenses sold through our OEMs, value-added resellers and distributors to end-users and, to a lesser extent, directly to end users. These revenues are recognized when, among other requirements, we receive a customer purchase order and the software and permanent key codes are delivered to the customer. We also receive nonrefundable advances and engineering fees from some of our OEM partners. These arrangements are evidenced by a signed customer contract, and the revenue is recognized when the software product master is delivered and accepted, and the engineering services, if any, have been performed. Software license revenue increased 25% from $2.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2002 to $2.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003. The increase in software license revenues was due to increased market acceptance of our product as well as an increase in the number of our OEM and channel partners. SOFTWARE SERVICES AND OTHER REVENUE Software services and other revenues are comprised of software maintenance and technical support, professional services primarily related to the implementation of our software, engineering services, and, to a lesser extent, sales of computer hardware. Revenue derived from maintenance and technical support contracts is recognized ratably over the contractual maintenance term. Professional services revenue is recognized in the period that the related services are performed. Revenue from engineering services is primarily related to customizing software product masters for some of our OEM partners. Revenue from engineering services is recognized in the period the services are completed. For the three months ended September 30, 2003, we had a limited number of transactions in which we purchased hardware and bundled this hardware with our software and sold the bundled solution to our customer. The associated revenue was recognized when the hardware and software were delivered to the customer. Software services and other revenue increased 121% to $1.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003 compared to $0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2002. One reason for the increase in software services and other revenue was an increase in the number of our maintenance and technical support contracts. This increase in maintenance and support contracts was directly related to the increase in our software license customers that have elected to purchase maintenance. Maintenance revenue increased from $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2002, to $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003. The Company also had hardware sales of approximately $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003 that contributed to the increase in software services and other revenue. For the three months ended September 30, 2002, we had minimal sales of hardware. Additionally, for the three months ended September 30, 2003, our revenues from professional services increased to $0.3 million compared to $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2002. This increase in professional services revenue was related to the increase in our software license customers that elected to purchase related professional services. COST OF REVENUES AMORTIZATION OF PURCHASED AND CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE Amortization of purchased and capitalized software increased from $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2002 to $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003. The Company did not capitalize any software development costs until our initial product reached technological feasibility in March 2001. At that point, we capitalized $0.1 million of software development costs, which are being amortized at the greater of straight line over three years or the ratio of current revenue of the related products to total current and anticipated future revenue of these products. Amortization of capitalized software was $7,881 for both the three months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002. As of September 30, 2003, we had $4.2 million of purchased software licenses that are being amortized over three years. For the three months ended September 30, 2003, we recorded $350,917 of amortization related to -15- these purchased software licenses. As of September 30, 2002, we had $2.8 million of purchased software licenses and recorded $222,778 of amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2002 related to these purchased software licenses. COST OF SOFTWARE SERVICES AND OTHER REVENUE Cost of software services and other revenue consists primarily of personnel and other costs associated with providing software implementations, technical support under maintenance contracts, and training. Cost of software services and other revenues also includes the cost of hardware purchased for resale. Cost of software services and other revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2003 increased by 105% to $620,359 compared to $302,351 for the three months ended September 30, 2002. The increase in cost of software services and other revenue was primarily related to $0.2 million of hardware costs associated with hardware revenue. For the three months ended September 30, 2002, we had minimal sales of hardware. The increase was also due to an increase in personnel. As a result of our increase in revenues, we required a higher number of employees to provide technical support under our maintenance contracts and help to deploy our software. Gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2003 was $3.1 million or 76% of revenues compared to $2.3 million or 81% of revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2002. The increase in gross profit was directly related to the increase in revenues. The decrease in gross margins was due to the increase in amortization of purchased software licenses and also partially related to lower margins on hardware sales. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS Software development costs consist primarily of personnel costs for product development personnel and other related costs associated with the development of new products, enhancements to existing products, quality assurance and testing. Software development costs increased 14% to $1.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003 compared to $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2002. The increase in software development costs was due to an increase in development personnel and an increase in depreciation related to additional computer hardware. This increase in personnel and hardware was required to enhance and test our software, as well as to develop new innovative features and options. SELLING AND MARKETING Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of sales and marketing personnel and related costs, travel, public relations expense, marketing literature and promotions, commissions, trade show expenses, and the costs associated with our foreign sales offices. Selling and marketing expenses increased 9% to $2.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003 from $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2002. This increase in selling and marketing expenses was partially due to increased salary expense as we increased our headcount to support our revenue growth. Additionally, as a result of the increase in revenues our commission expense also increased. GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel costs of general and administrative functions, public company related costs, directors and officers insurance, legal and professional fees, and other general corporate overhead costs. General and administrative expenses increased 14% to $736,774 for the three months ended September 30, 2003 from $644,094 for the three months ended September 30, 2002. The primary reason for the increase in general and administrative expense was due to higher premiums for our directors and officers insurance. INTEREST AND OTHER INCOME Interest and other income decreased 33% to $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2003 from $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2002. This decrease in interest income was due to lower interest rates and lower average cash and cash equivalent balances. -16- IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED AND OTHER ASSETS In September 2002, we recorded an impairment charge to write-down our investment in Network-1 Security Solutions, Inc. ("NSSI") to its then fair value. In addition, due to the lack of market acceptance of the NSSI product, we also wrote off our non-refundable prepaid royalty, which was recoupable against future sales of NSSI's product. As a result, we recorded a $1.6 million charge for the impairment of long-lived and other assets related to our NSSI agreement, of which $0.5 million was an operating expense. INCOME TAXES We did not record a tax benefit associated with the pre-tax loss incurred from the period from inception (February 10, 2000) through September 30, 2003, as we deemed that it was more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized based on our development and now early stage operations. Accordingly, we provided a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets. Our income tax provision consists of tax liabilities related to our foreign subsidiaries. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2003 COMPARED TO THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2002. REVENUES Overall, revenues increased 64% from $7.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 to $11.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. SOFTWARE LICENSE REVENUE Software license revenue increased 42% from $6.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 to $8.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. The increase in software license revenues was due to increased market acceptance of our product as well as an increase in the number of our OEM and channel partners. SOFTWARE SERVICES AND OTHER REVENUE Software services and other revenue increased 179% to $3.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to $1.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002. This increase resulted in part from an increase in the number of maintenance and technical support contracts which was directly related to the increase in our software license customers that elected to purchase maintenance. Maintenance revenue increased from $1.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002, to $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. Another reason for the increase in software services and other revenue was the sale of approximately $1.0 million of hardware in the nine months ended September 30, 2003. For the nine months ended September 30, 2002, we had minimal sales of hardware. Additionally, for the nine months ended September 30, 2003, our revenues from professional services increased to $0.6 million compared to $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002. This increase in professional services revenue was related to the increase in our software license customers that elected to purchase related professional services. COST OF REVENUES AMORTIZATION OF PURCHASED AND CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE Amortization of purchased and capitalized software increased from $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 to $1.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. Amortization of capitalized software was $23,643 for both the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Amortization of purchased software was $957,694 and $625,278 for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The increase in amortization of purchased software was due to an increase in the number of purchased software licenses. COST OF SOFTWARE SERVICES AND OTHER REVENUE Cost of software services and other revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 increased 100% to $1,804,015 compared to $900,260 for the nine months ended September 30, 2002. The increase in cost of software services and other revenues is primarily related to $0.7 million of hardware costs associated with hardware revenue. For the nine months ended September 30, 2002, -17- we had minimal sales of hardware. The increase is also due to an increase in personnel. As a result of our increase in revenues, we required a higher number of employees to provide technical support under our maintenance contracts and to help deploy our software. Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 was $9.1 million or 76% of revenues compared to $5.7 million or 79% of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2002. The increase in gross profit was directly related to the increase in revenues. The decrease in gross margins was due to the increase in amortization of purchased software licenses and partially related to lower margins on hardware sales. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT COSTS Software development costs increased 8% to $5.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002. The increase in software development costs was due to an increase in development personnel and an increase in depreciation related to additional computer hardware. This increase in personnel and hardware was required to enhance and test our software, as well as to develop new innovative features and options. SELLING AND MARKETING Selling and marketing expenses increased 8% to $7.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 from $7.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002. This increase in selling and marketing expenses was partially due to increased salary expense as we increased our headcount to support our revenue growth. Additionally, as a result of the increase in revenues, our commission expense also increased. GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE General and administrative expenses increased 12% to $2.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 from $1.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to significantly higher premiums for our directors and officers insurance for 2002-2003 compared to 2001-2002. INTEREST AND OTHER INCOME Interest and other income decreased 30% to $0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 from $1.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002. This decrease in interest income was due to lower interest rates and lower average cash and cash equivalent balances. IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED AND OTHER ASSETS In September 2002, we recorded an impairment charge to write-down our investment in NSSI to its then fair value. In addition, due to the lack of market acceptance of the NSSI product, we also wrote off our non-refundable prepaid royalty, which was recoupable against future sales of NSSI's product. As a result, we recorded a $1.6 million charge for the impairment of long-lived and other assets related to our NSSI agreement, of which $0.5 million was an operating expense. INCOME TAXES We did not record a tax benefit associated with the pre-tax loss incurred from the period from inception (February 10, 2000) through September 30, 2003, as we deemed that it was more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized based on our development and now early stage operations. Accordingly, we provided a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets. Our income tax provision consists of tax liabilities related to our foreign subsidiaries. -18- LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES Our cash and cash equivalents totaled $10.1 million and marketable securities were $30.0 million at September 30, 2003. As of September 30, 2002, we had approximately $26.8 million in cash and cash equivalents and $26.7 million in marketable securities. Net cash used in operating activities was $3.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. This was primarily a result of our net loss of $5.2 million, and increases in accounts receivable, prepaid and other current assets and other assets, and a decrease in deferred revenue. These amounts were partially offset by non-cash charges of $2.5 million consisting of depreciation and amortization, non-cash professional services expenses, and equity-based compensation. Additional offsetting amounts include increases in accounts payable and accrued expenses. Net cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 was $6.1 million. The cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 was mainly comprised of the Company's net loss of $8.6 million, and an increase in accounts receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets and a decrease in accounts payable. These amounts were partially offset by non-cash expenses of $3.4 million, and an increase in deferred revenue of $0.7 million. Net cash provided by investing activities was $2.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003, due primarily to net sales of marketable securities of $6.7 million. This amount was offset by purchases of property and equipment of $2.1 million, purchases of software licenses of $1.2 million, purchases of intangible assets and investments of $0.2 million, a security deposit related to our new office space of $0.5 million and cash paid for acquisition of IP Metrics of $0.3 million. Net cash used in investing activities was $4.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002, primarily due to $2.4 million paid in connection with the acquisition of IP Metrics, $0.4 million in net purchases of marketable securities, $0.9 million in purchases of property and equipment, and $0.6 million in purchases of software licenses. Net cash provided by financing activities was $0.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003. This amount was related to the proceeds received from the exercise of stock options. Net cash provided by financing activities was $0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002. This amount was comprised of $1.1 million from proceeds related to the exercise of stock options offset by payments to acquire treasury stock of $0.2 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, we paid $3.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively, related to liabilities of discontinued operations. See note 8 to the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements. In October 2001, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to two million shares of our outstanding common stock, of which 235,000 shares were repurchased through September 30, 2003, at an aggregate purchase price of $1.4 million. We did not repurchase any shares during the nine months ended September 30, 2003. In connection with our acquisition of IP Metrics in July 2002, we must make cash payments to the former shareholders of IP Metrics, contingent on the level of revenues from IP Metrics' products for a period of twenty-four months subsequent to the acquisition. As of September 30, 2003, the Company had incurred $0.3 million of additional purchase consideration related to sales of IP Metrics products. Our principal sources of liquidity are cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, which are expected to be used for general corporate purposes, including expansion of operations and capital expenditures. We believe that our current balance of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities, and expected cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet our cash requirements for at least the next twelve months. IMPACT OF RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In November 2002, the EITF reached a consensus on EITF Issue No. 00-21, Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables. The Issue addresses the accounting for arrangements that may involve the delivery or performance of multiple revenue-generating activities and how to determine whether such an arrangement involving multiple deliverables contains more than -19- one unit of accounting for purposes of revenue recognition. The guidance in this issue is effective for revenue arrangements entered into in quarters beginning after June 15, 2003. Accordingly, we adopted EITF Issue No. 00-21 effective July 1, 2003. The adoption of EITF Issue No. 00-21 did not have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows. In December 2002, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 148, ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION--TRANSITION AND DISCLOSURE. SFAS No.148 amends SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, to provide alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value-based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation ("transition provisions"). In addition, SFAS No. 148 amends the disclosure requirements of APB Opinion No. 28, INTERIM FINANCIAL REPORTING, to require proforma disclosure in interim financial statements by companies that elect to account for stock-based compensation using the intrinsic value method prescribed in APB Opinion No. 25 ("disclosure provisions"). The transition methods of SFAS No. 148 are effective for financial statements for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2002. We continue to use the intrinsic value method of accounting for stock-based compensation. As a result, the transition provisions do not have an effect on our consolidated financial statements. We have adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 148. The FASB recently indicated that they will require stock-based employee compensation to be recorded as a charge to earnings beginning in 2004. We will continue to monitor the progress of the FASB on the issuance of this standard as well as evaluate our position with respect to current guidance. In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, ACCOUNTING FOR CERTAIN FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH CHARACTERISTICS OF BOTH LIABILITIES AND EQUITY. SFAS No. 150 establishes standards for how a company classifies and measures certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity. It requires that an issuer classify certain financial instruments as a liability (or as an asset in some circumstances). SFAS No. 150 is effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and otherwise is effective at the beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 150 did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements. In July 2003, the EITF reached a consensus on Issue 03-5, APPLICABILITY OF AICPA SOP 97-2 TO NON-SOFTWARE DELIVERABLES. The consensus was reached that SOP 97-2 is applicable to non-software deliverables if they are included in an arrangement that contains software that is essential to the non-software deliverables' functionality. This consensus is to be applied to fiscal periods beginning after August 13, 2003, and is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. RISK FACTORS WE HAVE HAD LIMITED REVENUES AND A HISTORY OF LOSSES, AND WE MAY NOT ACHIEVE OR MAINTAIN PROFITABILITY. We have had limited revenues and a history of losses. For the year ended December 31, 2002 and the nine months ended September 30, 2003, we had revenues of $10.6 million and $11.9 million, respectively. For the period from inception (February 10, 2000) through September 30, 2003 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2003, we had net losses of $28.9 million and $5.2 million, respectively. We have signed contracts with resellers and original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, and believe that as a result of these contracts, our revenues should increase in the future, although we are unable to predict whether we will be profitable. Our business model depends upon signing agreements with additional OEM customers, further developing our reseller sales channel, and expanding our sales force. Any difficulty in obtaining these OEM and reseller customers or in attracting qualified sales personnel will hinder our ability to generate additional revenues and achieve or maintain profitability. FAILURE TO ACHIEVE ANTICIPATED GROWTH COULD HARM OUR BUSINESS AND OPERATING RESULTS. Achieving our anticipated growth will depend on a number of factors, some of which include: o retention of key management, marketing and technical personnel; -20- o our ability to increase our customer base and to increase the sales of our products; and o competitive conditions in the storage networking infrastructure software market. We cannot assure you that the anticipated growth will be achieved. The failure to achieve anticipated growth could harm our business, financial condition and operating results. WE HAVE SIGNIFICANT LEASE COMMITMENTS THAT COULD IMPACT OUR PROFITABILITY. During the third quarter of 2003, we signed a lease for new office space that commences on November 1, 2003 and continues through February, 2012. The new lease obligations are substantially greater than our prior lease obligations. This commitment could impact our ability to achieve or to maintain profitability. In addition, our current lease continues through 2007. While we are actively attempting to sublease the office space we are vacating , there is no guarantee that we will be able to find subtenants for the space or that any subtenants will pay rent equal to our continuing obligations. If we are unable to find subtenants or to receive rents equal to our obligations, it could impact our ability to achieve or to maintain profitability. DUE TO THE UNCERTAIN AND SHIFTING DEVELOPMENT OF THE NETWORK STORAGE INFRASTRUCTURE SOFTWARE MARKET, WE MAY HAVE DIFFICULTY ACCURATELY PREDICTING REVENUE FOR FUTURE PERIODS AND APPROPRIATELY BUDGETING FOR EXPENSES. We have only a limited history from which to predict our revenue. This limited operating experience, combined with the rapidly evolving nature of the network storage infrastructure software market in which we sell our products and other factors that are beyond our control, reduces our ability to accurately forecast our quarterly and annual revenue. However, we use our forecasted revenue to establish our expense budget. Most of our expenses are fixed in the short term or incurred in advance of anticipated revenue. As a result, we may not be able to decrease our expenses in a timely manner to offset any shortfall in revenue. CONTINUING REDUCED CAPITAL SPENDING COULD RESULT IN DECREASED REVENUES. Capital spending on information technology has remained at low levels, resulting in continued uncertainty in our revenue expectations. The operating results of our business depend in part on the overall demand for network storage infrastructure software. Because our sales are primarily to major corporate customers, continued soft demand for network storage infrastructure software caused by budgetary constraints may result in decreased revenues. Customers may continue to defer or to reconsider purchasing our software, resulting in a lack of demand for our product. THE MARKETS FOR STORAGE AREA NETWORKS, NETWORK ATTACHED STORAGE, AND DIRECT ATTACHED STORAGE ARE NEW AND UNCERTAIN, AND OUR BUSINESS WILL SUFFER IF THEY DO NOT DEVELOP AS WE EXPECT. The rapid adoption of Storage Area Networks (SAN), Network Attached Storage (NAS), and Direct Attached Storage (DAS) storage solutions is critical to our future success. The markets for SAN, NAS and DAS solutions are still unproven, making it difficult to predict their potential sizes or future growth rates. Most potential customers have made substantial investments in their current storage networking infrastructure, and they may elect to remain with current network architectures or to adopt new architecture, in limited stages or over extended periods of time. We are uncertain whether a viable market for our products will develop or be sustainable. If these markets fail to develop, or develop more slowly than we expect, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected. IF WE ARE UNABLE TO DEVELOP AND MANUFACTURE NEW PRODUCTS THAT ACHIEVE ACCEPTANCE IN THE NETWORK STORAGE INFRASTRUCTURE SOFTWARE MARKET, OUR OPERATING RESULTS MAY SUFFER. The network storage infrastructure software market continues to evolve and as a result there is continuing demand for new products. Accordingly, we may need to develop and manufacture new products that address additional network storage infrastructure software market segments and emerging technologies to remain competitive in the data storage software industry. We are uncertain whether we will successfully qualify new network storage infrastructure software products with our customers by meeting customer performance and quality specifications or quickly achieve high volume production of storage networking -21- infrastructure software products. Any failure to address additional market segments could harm our business, financial condition and operating results. OUR PRODUCTS MUST CONFORM TO INDUSTRY STANDARDS IN ORDER TO BE ACCEPTED BY CUSTOMERS IN OUR MARKETS. Our current products are only one part of a SAN, NAS or DAS storage system. All components of these systems must comply with the same industry standards in order to operate together efficiently. We depend on companies that provide other components of these systems to conform to industry standards. Some industry standards may not be widely adopted or implemented uniformly, and competing standards may emerge that may be preferred by OEM customers or end users. If other providers of components do not support the same industry standards as we do, or if competing standards emerge, our products may not achieve market acceptance, which would adversely affect our business. OUR COMPLEX PRODUCTS MAY HAVE ERRORS OR DEFECTS THAT COULD RESULT IN REDUCED DEMAND FOR OUR PRODUCTS OR COSTLY LITIGATION. Our IPStor platform is complex and is designed to be deployed in large and complex networks. Many of our customers have unique infrastructures, which may require additional professional services in order for our software to work within their infrastructure. Because our products are critical to the networks of our customers, any significant interruption in their service as a result of defects in our product within our customers' networks could result in lost profits or damage to our customers. These problems could cause us to incur significant service and warranty costs, divert engineering personnel from product development efforts and significantly impair our ability to maintain existing customer relationships and attract new customers. In addition, a product liability claim, whether successful or not, would likely be time consuming and expensive to resolve and would divert management time and attention. Further, if we are unable to fix the errors or other problems that may be identified in full deployment, we would likely experience loss of or delay in revenues and loss of market share and our business and prospects would suffer. OUR OEM CUSTOMERS REQUIRE OUR PRODUCTS TO UNDERGO A LENGTHY AND EXPENSIVE QUALIFICATION PROCESS THAT DOES NOT ASSURE PRODUCT SALES. Prior to offering our products for sale, our OEM customers require that each of our products undergo an extensive qualification process, which involves interoperability testing of our product in the OEM's system as well as rigorous reliability testing. This qualification of a product by an OEM does not assure any sales of the product to the OEM. Despite this uncertainty, we devote substantial resources, including sales, marketing and management efforts, toward qualifying our products with OEMs in anticipation of sales to them. If we are unsuccessful or delayed in qualifying any products with an OEM, such failure or delay would preclude or delay sales of that product to the OEM, which may impede our ability to grow our business. WE RELY ON OUR OEM CUSTOMERS AND RESELLERS FOR MOST OF OUR SALES. Almost all of our sales come from sales to end users of our products by our OEM customers and by our resellers. These OEM customers and resellers have limited resources and sales forces and sell many different products, both in the network storage infrastructure software market and in other markets. The OEM customers and resellers may choose to focus their sales efforts on other products in the network storage infrastructure software market or other markets. This would likely result in lower revenues to us and would impede our ability to grow our business. ISSUES WITH THE HARDWARE SOLD BY OUR PARTNERS COULD RESULT IN LOWER SALES OF OUR PRODUCTS. As part of our sales channel, we license our software to OEMs and other partners who install our software on their own hardware or on the hardware of other third parties. If the hardware does not function properly or causes damage to customers' systems, we could lose sales to future customers, even though our software functions properly. Problems with our partners' hardware could negatively impact our business. -22- THE NETWORK STORAGE INFRASTRUCTURE SOFTWARE MARKET IS HIGHLY COMPETITIVE AND INTENSE COMPETITION COULD NEGATIVELY IMPACT OUR BUSINESS. The network storage infrastructure software market is intensely competitive even during periods when demand is stable. Some of our current and potential competitors have longer operating histories, significantly greater resources, broader name recognition and a larger installed base of customers than we have. Those competitors and other potential competitors may be able to establish or to expand network storage infrastructure software offerings more quickly, adapt to new technologies and customer requirements faster, and take advantage of acquisition and other opportunities more readily. Our competitors also may: o consolidate or establish strategic relationships among themselves to lower their product costs or to otherwise compete more effectively against us; or o bundle their products with other products to increase demand for their products. In addition, some OEMs with whom we do business, or hope to do business, may enter the market directly and rapidly capture market share. If we fail to compete successfully against current or future competitors, our business, financial condition and operating results may suffer. OUR FUTURE QUARTERLY RESULTS MAY FLUCTUATE SIGNIFICANTLY, WHICH COULD CAUSE OUR STOCK PRICE TO DECLINE. Our future performance will depend on many factors, including: o the timing of securing software license contracts and the delivery of software and related revenue recognition; o the average unit selling price of our products; o existing or new competitors introducing better products at competitive prices before we do; o our ability to manage successfully the complex and difficult process of qualifying our products with our customers; o our customers canceling, rescheduling or deferring significant orders for our products, particularly in anticipation of new products or enhancements from us or our competitors; o import or export restrictions on our proprietary technology; and o personnel changes. Many of our expenses are relatively fixed and difficult to reduce or modify. As a result, the fixed nature of our expenses will magnify any adverse effect of a decrease in revenue on our operating results. OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS MAY SELECTIVELY RELEASE SHARES OF OUR COMMON STOCK FROM LOCK-UP RESTRICTIONS. Currently, approximately 25.5 million shares of our common stock are subject to contractual lock-up restrictions expiring on April 30, 2004. Our board of directors may, in its sole discretion, release any or all of the shares of our common stock from lock-up restrictions at any time with or without notice. Any release of such shares from lock-up restrictions may be applied on a proportionate or selective basis. If the release is selectively applied, the stockholders whose shares are not released will be forced to hold such shares while other stockholders may sell. In addition, the release of any of such shares could depress our stock price. Our board of directors previously agreed to a phased release of up to approximately 2.0 million shares between November 1, 2002 and April 1, 2004, from the shares that are subject to contractual lock-up restrictions expiring on April 30, 2004. As of September 30, 2003, approximately 1,087,000 shares of the approximately 2.0 million shares have been released from the lock-up restrictions pursuant to the phased released. As of November 14, 2003 the Board agreed to release the remaining approximately 930,000 shares from the lock-up restriction effective immediately. -23- OUR STOCK PRICE MAY BE VOLATILE The market price of our common stock has been volatile in the past and may be volatile in the future. For example, during the past twelve months ended September 30, 2003, the market price of our common stock as quoted on the NASDAQ National Market System fluctuated between $3.43 and $7.50. The market price of our common stock may be significantly affected by the following factors: o actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results; o failure to meet financial estimates; o changes in market valuations of other technology companies, particularly those in the storage networking infrastructure software market; o announcements by us or our competitors of significant technical innovations, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments; o loss of one or more key OEM customers; and o departures of key personnel. The stock market has experienced extreme volatility that often has been unrelated to the performance of particular companies. These market fluctuations may cause our stock price to fall regardless of our performance. WE HAVE A SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF AUTHORIZED BUT UNISSUED PREFERRED STOCK, WHICH MAY AFFECT THE LIKELIHOOD OF A CHANGE OF CONTROL IN OUR COMPANY. Our Board of Directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders, to issue up to 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock on such terms and with such rights, preferences and designations, including, without limitation restricting dividends on our common stock, dilution of the voting power of our common stock and impairing the liquidation rights of the holders of our common stock, as the Board may determine without any vote of the stockholders. Issuance of such preferred stock, depending upon the rights, preferences and designations thereof may have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control. In addition, certain "anti-takeover" provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, among other things, may restrict the ability of our stockholders to authorize a merger, business combination or change of control. Finally, we have entered into change of control agreements with certain executives. WE HAVE A SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF OUTSTANDING OPTIONS AND WARRANTS, THE EXERCISE OF WHICH WOULD DILUTE THE THEN-EXISTING STOCKHOLDERS' PERCENTAGE OWNERSHIP OF OUR COMMON STOCK. As of September 30, 2003, we had outstanding options and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 9,460,867 shares of our common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $3.73 per share. We also have 2,850,071 shares reserved for issuance under our stock option plans with respect to options that have not been granted. The exercise of all of the outstanding options would dilute the then-existing stockholders' percentage ownership of common stock, and any sales in the public market of the common stock issuable upon such exercise could adversely affect prevailing market prices for the common stock. Moreover, the terms upon which we would be able to obtain additional equity capital could be adversely affected because the holders of such securities can be expected to exercise or convert them at a time when we would, in all likelihood, be able to obtain any needed capital on terms more favorable than those provided by such securities. -24- IF WE ARE UNABLE TO PROTECT OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, OUR BUSINESS WILL SUFFER. Our success is dependent upon our proprietary technology. Currently, the IPStor software suite is the core of our proprietary technology. We have fourteen pending patent applications and multiple pending trademark applications related to our IPStor product. We cannot predict whether we will receive patents for our pending or future patent applications, and any patents that we own or that are issued to us may be invalidated, circumvented or challenged. In addition, the laws of certain countries in which we sell and manufacture our products, including various countries in Asia, may not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. We also rely on trade secret, copyright and trademark laws, as well as the confidentiality and other restrictions contained in our respective sales contracts and confidentiality agreements to protect our proprietary rights. These legal protections afford only limited protection. OUR TECHNOLOGY MAY BE SUBJECT TO INFRINGEMENT CLAIMS THAT COULD HARM OUR BUSINESS. We may become subject to litigation regarding infringement claims alleged by third parties. If an action is commenced against us, our management may have to devote substantial attention and resources to defend that action. An unfavorable result for the Company could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results and could limit our ability to use our intellectual property. OUR EFFORTS TO PROTECT OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MAY CAUSE US TO BECOME INVOLVED IN COSTLY AND LENGTHY LITIGATION, WHICH COULD SERIOUSLY HARM OUR BUSINESS. In recent years, there has been significant litigation in the United States involving patents, trademarks and other intellectual property rights. Legal proceedings could subject us to significant liability for damages or invalidate our intellectual property rights. Any litigation, regardless of its outcome, would likely be time consuming and expensive to resolve and would divert management's time and attention. Any potential intellectual property litigation against us could force us to take specific actions, including: o cease selling our products that use the challenged intellectual property; o obtain from the owner of the infringed intellectual property right a license to sell or use the relevant technology or trademark, which license may not be available on reasonable terms, or at all; or o redesign those products that use infringing intellectual property or cease to use an infringing product or trademark. THE LOSS OF ANY OF OUR KEY PERSONNEL COULD HARM OUR BUSINESS. Our success depends upon the continued contributions of our key employees, many of whom would be extremely difficult to replace. We do not have key person life insurance on any of our personnel. Worldwide competition for skilled employees in the network storage infrastructure software industry is extremely intense. If we are unable to retain existing employees or to hire and integrate new employees, our business, financial condition and operating results could suffer. In addition, companies whose employees accept positions with competitors often claim that the competitors have engaged in unfair hiring practices. We may be the subject of such claims in the future as we seek to hire qualified personnel and could incur substantial costs defending ourselves against those claims. WE MAY NOT SUCCESSFULLY INTEGRATE THE PRODUCTS, TECHNOLOGIES OR BUSINESSES FROM, OR REALIZE THE INTENDED BENEFITS OF ACQUISITIONS. We have made, and may continue to make, acquisitions of other companies or their assets. Integration of the acquired products, technologies and businesses, could divert management's time and resources. Further, we may not be -25- able to properly integrate the acquired products, technologies or businesses, with our existing products and operations, train, retain and motivate personnel from the acquired businesses, or combine potentially different corporate cultures. If we are unable to fully integrate the acquired products, technologies or businesses, or train, retain and motivate personnel from the acquired businesses, we may not receive the intended benefits of the acquisitions, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition. LONG TERM CHARACTER OF INVESTMENTS. Our present and future equity investments may never appreciate in value, and are subject to normal risks associated with equity investments in businesses. These investments may involve technology risks as well as commercialization risks and market risks. As a result, we may be required to write down some or all of these investments in the future. UNKNOWN FACTORS Additional risks and uncertainties of which we are unaware or which currently we deem immaterial also may become important factors that affect us. ITEM 3. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK INTEREST RATE RISKS. Our return on our investments in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities is subject to interest rate risks. We regularly assess these risks and have established policies and business practices to manage the market risk of our marketable securities. FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK. We have several offices outside the United States. Accordingly, we are subject to exposure from adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. The effect of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations have not been material since our inception. We do not use derivative financial instruments to limit our foreign currency risk exposure. ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report, and, based on their evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that these controls and procedures are effective. No changes in the Company's internal controls over financial reporting occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2003 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal controls over financial reporting. Disclosure controls and procedures are procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. -26- PART II. OTHER INFORMATION ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS. In September, 2003 we granted warrants to purchase 750,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $6.18 per share in connection with a world-wide OEM agreement with a major technology company. The warrants were granted under the exemption provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. For further information related to the foregoing, please see Note 6 of Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K (a) Exhibits 31.1 Rule 15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer 31.2 Rule 15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer 32.1 Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer 32.2 Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer 99.1 Agreement of Lease (b) Reports on Form 8-K On July 24, 2003, we filed a Form 8-K under Item 9. -27- SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. FALCONSTOR SOFTWARE, INC. /s/ Jacob Ferng --------------- Jacob Ferng Chief Financial Officer and Vice President (Principal Accounting Officer) November 14, 2003 -28-