SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
ý |
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2003
OR
o |
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 001-13459
Affiliated Managers Group, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 04-3218510 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(IRS Employer Identification Number) |
600 Hale Street, Prides Crossing, Massachusetts 01965
(Address of principal executive offices)
(617) 747-3300
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ý No o
There were 21,026,270 shares of the Registrant's Common Stock outstanding as of May 12, 2003.
AFFILIATED MANAGERS GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
|
December 31, 2002 |
March 31, 2003 |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASSETS | |||||||||
Current assets: | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 27,708 | $ | 171,385 | |||||
Investment advisory fees receivable | 50,798 | 45,193 | |||||||
Other current assets | 11,009 | 12,802 | |||||||
Total current assets | 89,515 | 229,380 | |||||||
Fixed assets, net | 19,228 | 19,223 | |||||||
Acquired client relationships, net | 374,011 | 370,602 | |||||||
Goodwill, net | 739,053 | 741,568 | |||||||
Other assets | 21,187 | 27,662 | |||||||
Total assets | $ | 1,242,994 | $ | 1,388,435 | |||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||||||||
Current liabilities: | |||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 81,404 | $ | 57,381 | |||||
Notes payable to related party | 12,348 | 9,697 | |||||||
Total current liabilities | 93,752 | 67,078 | |||||||
Senior convertible debt | 229,023 | 427,445 | |||||||
Mandatory convertible securities | 230,000 | 230,000 | |||||||
Deferred income taxes | 61,658 | 68,271 | |||||||
Other long-term liabilities | 26,202 | 20,075 | |||||||
Total liabilities | 640,635 | 812,869 | |||||||
Minority interest | 30,498 | 24,207 | |||||||
Stockholders' equity: | |||||||||
Common Stock | 235 | 235 | |||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 405,769 | 405,751 | |||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (244 | ) | (55 | ) | |||||
Retained earnings | 246,444 | 259,441 | |||||||
652,204 | 665,372 | ||||||||
Less: treasury stock, at cost | (80,343 | ) | (114,013 | ) | |||||
Total stockholders' equity | 571,861 | 551,359 | |||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 1,242,994 | $ | 1,388,435 | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
2
AFFILIATED MANAGERS GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2003 |
|||||||
Revenue | $ | 119,335 | $ | 110,247 | |||||
Operating expenses: | |||||||||
Compensation and related expenses | 41,442 | 39,311 | |||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 19,607 | 19,518 | |||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | 3,332 | 4,014 | |||||||
Depreciation and other amortization | 1,350 | 1,514 | |||||||
Other operating expenses | 3,866 | 3,968 | |||||||
69,597 | 68,325 | ||||||||
Operating income | 49,738 | 41,922 | |||||||
Non-operating (income) and expenses: | |||||||||
Investment and other income | (600 | ) | (1,475 | ) | |||||
Interest expense | 6,536 | 5,441 | |||||||
5,936 | 3,966 | ||||||||
Income before minority interest and income taxes | 43,802 | 37,956 | |||||||
Minority interest | (19,622 | ) | (16,294 | ) | |||||
Income before income taxes | 24,180 | 21,662 | |||||||
Income taxescurrent |
4,175 |
2,052 |
|||||||
Income taxesintangible-related deferred | 5,408 | 5,950 | |||||||
Income taxesother deferred | 89 | 663 | |||||||
Net Income | $ | 14,508 | $ | 12,997 | |||||
Average shares outstandingbasic |
22,224,931 |
21,392,149 |
|||||||
Average shares outstandingdiluted | 22,963,309 | 21,728,942 | |||||||
Earnings per sharebasic |
$ |
0.65 |
$ |
0.61 |
|||||
Earnings per sharediluted | $ | 0.63 | $ | 0.60 | |||||
Supplemental disclosure of total comprehensive income: |
|||||||||
Net Income | $ | 14,508 | $ | 12,997 | |||||
Other comprehensive income | 142 | 189 | |||||||
Total comprehensive income | $ | 14,650 | $ | 13,186 | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
AFFILIATED MANAGERS GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2003 |
|||||||
Cash flow from (used in) operating activities: | |||||||||
Net Income | $ | 14,508 | $ | 12,997 | |||||
Adjustments to reconcile Net Income to cash flow from (used in) operating activities: | |||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets | 3,332 | 4,014 | |||||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs | 1,483 | 603 | |||||||
Depreciation and other amortization | 1,350 | 1,514 | |||||||
Deferred income tax provision | 5,381 | 6,613 | |||||||
Accretion of interest | 280 | 250 | |||||||
Other adjustments | 61 | (531 | ) | ||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: | |||||||||
Decrease (increase) in investment advisory fees receivable | (2,016 | ) | 5,605 | ||||||
Increase in other current assets | (850 | ) | (1,793 | ) | |||||
Decrease in non-current other receivables | 271 | 234 | |||||||
Decrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities | (6,628 | ) | (25,300 | ) | |||||
Decrease in minority interest | (6,524 | ) | (6,291 | ) | |||||
Cash flow from (used in) operating activities | 10,648 | (2,085 | ) | ||||||
Cash flow used in investing activities: | |||||||||
Purchase of fixed assets | (1,220 | ) | (1,509 | ) | |||||
Costs of investments, net of cash acquired | (2,152 | ) | (3,119 | ) | |||||
Increase in other assets | (182 | ) | (15 | ) | |||||
Cash flow used in investing activities | (3,554 | ) | (4,643 | ) | |||||
Cash flow from financing activities: | |||||||||
Borrowings of senior bank debt | | 85,000 | |||||||
Repayments of senior bank debt | | (85,000 | ) | ||||||
Issuances of debt securities | 30,000 | 300,000 | |||||||
Issuances of equity securities | 1,047 | | |||||||
Repayments of notes payable | | (7,502 | ) | ||||||
Repurchases of stock | | (33,688 | ) | ||||||
Repurchases of debt securities | | (101,297 | ) | ||||||
Debt issuance costs | (1,102 | ) | (7,297 | ) | |||||
Cash flow from financing activities | 29,945 | 150,216 | |||||||
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash flow | (33 | ) | 189 | ||||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 37,006 | 143,677 | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 73,427 | 27,708 | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 110,433 | $ | 171,385 | |||||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information | |||||||||
Interest paid | $ | 3,046 | $ | 5,781 | |||||
Income taxes paid | 170 | 1,131 | |||||||
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities: | |||||||||
Notes issued for Affiliate equity purchases | 4,990 | | |||||||
Capital lease obligations for fixed assets | | 320 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
AFFILIATED MANAGERS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands)
1. Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements of Affiliated Managers Group, Inc. (the "Company" or "AMG") have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. The year-end condensed balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all of the disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair statement have been included. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. All dollar amounts in these notes (except per share data) are stated in thousands, unless otherwise indicated. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. The Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002 includes additional information about AMG, its operations and its financial position, and should be read in conjunction with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
2. Long-Term Debt
At March 31, 2003, long-term senior debt was $657,445, consisting of $127,445 of zero coupon senior convertible notes, $300,000 of floating rate senior convertible securities and $230,000 of mandatory convertible debt securities. At December 31, 2002, long-term senior debt consisted of $229,023 of zero coupon senior convertible notes and $230,000 of mandatory convertible debt securities.
In August 2002, the Company replaced its former senior revolving credit facility with a new senior revolving credit facility (the "Facility") with several major commercial banks. The Facility, which is scheduled to mature in August 2005, currently provides that the Company may borrow up to $250,000 at rates of interest (based either on the Eurodollar rate or the Prime rate as in effect from time to time) that vary depending on the Company's credit ratings. There were no outstanding borrowings under the Facility at March 31, 2003 or December 31, 2002. Subject to the agreement of the lenders (or prospective lenders) to increase their commitments, the Company has the option to increase the Facility to $350,000. The Facility contains financial covenants with respect to net worth, leverage and interest coverage. The Facility also contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including limitations on indebtedness, liens, dividends and fundamental corporate changes. All borrowings under the Facility are collateralized by pledges of all capital stock or other equity interests owned by AMG.
In May 2001, the Company completed a private placement of zero coupon senior convertible notes. In this private placement, the Company sold a total of $251,000 principal amount at maturity of zero coupon senior convertible notes due 2021, with each note issued at 90.50% of such principal amount and accreting at a rate of 0.50% per annum. The Company has the option to redeem the securities for cash on or after May 7, 2006 and may be required to repurchase the securities at the accreted value at the option of the holders on May 7 of 2004, 2006, 2011 and 2016. If the holders exercise this option, the Company may elect to repurchase the securities with cash, shares of its Common Stock or some combination thereof. It is the Company's current intention to repurchase the securities with cash. In the first quarter of 2003, the Company repurchased $111,500 principal amount at maturity of zero coupon senior convertible notes in privately negotiated transactions, which resulted
5
in a gain of $531. During the period from April 1, 2003 to May 12, 2003, the Company repurchased $5,000 principal amount at maturity of zero coupon senior convertible notes.
In December 2001, the Company completed a public offering of mandatory convertible debt securities ("FELINE PRIDES"). A sale of an over-allotment of the securities was completed in January 2002, and increased the amount outstanding to $230,000. As described below, these securities are structured to provide $230,000 in additional proceeds to the Company following a successful remarketing and the exercise of forward purchase contracts in November 2004.
Each FELINE PRIDE initially consists of (i) a senior note due November 17, 2006 with a principal amount of $25 per note (each, a "Senior Note"), on which the Company pays interest quarterly at the annual rate of 6%, and (ii) a forward purchase contract pursuant to which the holder has agreed to purchase, for $25 per contract, shares of the Company's Common Stock on November 17, 2004, with the number of shares to be determined based upon the average trading price of the Company's Common Stock for a period preceding that date. Depending on the average trading price in that period, the number of shares of the Company's Common Stock to be issued in the settlement of the contracts will range from 2,736,000 to 3,146,000, which represents a "settlement rate" of 0.2974 to 0.3420 shares, respectively, per $25 Senior Note. Based on the current trading price of the Company's Common Stock, the purchase contracts would settle at the rate of 0.3420 shares per Senior Note, which equates to the receipt of $73.10 for each share issued.
Each of the Senior Notes is pledged to the Company to collateralize the holder's obligations under the forward purchase contracts. Beginning in August 2004, the Senior Notes will be remarketed to new investors. A successful remarketing will generate $230,000 of proceeds to be used by the original holders of the FELINE PRIDES to honor their obligations on the forward purchase contracts. In exchange for the additional $230,000 in payment on the forward purchase contracts, the Company will issue shares of its Common Stock. As referenced above, the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued will be determined by the price of the Company's Common Stock at that time. The Senior Notes will remain outstanding until November 2006 and (assuming a successful remarketing) will be held by the new investors.
In February 2003, the Company completed a private placement of $300,000 of floating rate senior convertible securities due 2033 ("convertible securities"). The convertible securities bear interest at a floating rate equal to 3-month LIBOR minus 0.50%, payable in cash quarterly. Each $1,000 convertible security is convertible into shares of the Company's Common Stock upon the occurrence of certain events, including the following: (i) if the closing price of a share of the Company's Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange exceeds $97.50 over certain periods; (ii) if the credit rating assigned by Standard & Poor's is below BB-; or (iii) if the Company calls the convertible securities for redemption. Upon conversion, holders of the securities will receive 12.3077 shares of the Company's Common Stock for each $1,000 convertible security. In addition, if at the time of conversion the market price of the Company's Common Stock exceeds $81.25 per share, holders will receive additional shares of the Company's Common Stock based on the Company's stock price at the time of the conversion. The Company may redeem the convertible securities for cash at any time on or after February 25, 2008, at their principal amount. The Company may be required to repurchase the convertible securities at the option of the holders on February 25 of 2008, 2013, 2018, 2023 and 2028, at their principal amount. The Company may choose to pay the purchase price for such repurchases in cash or shares of the Company's Common Stock. It is the Company's current intention to repurchase the securities with cash.
6
3. Income Taxes
A summary of the provision for income taxes is as follows:
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2003 |
|||||
Federal: | |||||||
Current | $ | 3,668 | $ | 1,796 | |||
Deferred | 4,810 | 5,786 | |||||
State: | |||||||
Current | 507 | 256 | |||||
Deferred | 687 | 827 | |||||
Provision for income taxes | $ | 9,672 | $ | 8,665 | |||
The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:
|
December 31, 2002 |
March 31, 2003 |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deferred assets (liabilities): | ||||||||
State net operating loss and credit carryforwards | $ | 5,385 | $ | 5,693 | ||||
Intangible amortization | (66,727 | ) | (72,677 | ) | ||||
Deferred compensation | 452 | 452 | ||||||
Convertible securities interest | | (548 | ) | |||||
Accruals | 4,042 | 3,805 | ||||||
(56,848 | ) | (63,275 | ) | |||||
Valuation allowance | (4,810 | ) | (4,996 | ) | ||||
Net deferred income taxes | $ | (61,658 | ) | $ | (68,271 | ) | ||
The Company has state net operating loss carryforwards that will expire over a 15-year period beginning in 2003. The Company also has state tax credit carryforwards, which will expire over a 10-year period beginning in 2003. The valuation allowance at December 31, 2002 and March 31, 2003 is related to the uncertainty of the realization of most of these loss and credit carryforwards, the use of which depends upon the Company's generation of sufficient taxable income prior to their expiration.
4. Comprehensive Income
A summary of comprehensive income, net of taxes, is as follows:
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2003 |
||||
Net Income | $ | 14,508 | $ | 12,997 | ||
Change in unrealized foreign currency gains (losses) | (33 | ) | 189 | |||
Change in net unrealized loss on derivative instruments | 175 | | ||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 14,650 | $ | 13,186 | ||
7
The components of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes, were as follows:
|
December 31, 2002 |
March 31, 2003 |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Foreign currency translation adjustment | $ | (244 | ) | $ | (55 | ) | |
5. Earnings Per Share
The calculation for basic Earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of shares of the Company's Common Stock outstanding during the period. The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted Earnings per share computations. Diluted Earnings per share is similar to basic Earnings per share, but adjusts for the effect of the potential issuance of incremental shares of the Company's Common Stock related to stock options and, in certain instances, the Company's convertible securities. Unlike all other dollar amounts in these notes, Net Income in this table is not presented in thousands.
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2003 |
|||||
Numerator: | |||||||
Net Income | $ | 14,508,000 | $ | 12,997,000 | |||
Denominator: | |||||||
Average shares outstandingbasic | 22,224,931 | 21,392,149 | |||||
Incremental common shares | 738,378 | 336,793 | |||||
Average shares outstandingdiluted | 22,963,309 | 21,728,942 | |||||
Earnings per share: | |||||||
Basic | $ | 0.65 | $ | 0.61 | |||
Diluted | $ | 0.63 | $ | 0.60 |
During the three months ended March 31, 2003, the Company repurchased 744,500 shares of its Common Stock at an average price of $45.24 per share under its share repurchase program. This share repurchase program was authorized by the Board of Directors in April 2000, permitting the Company to repurchase up to 5% of its issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock. In July 2002 and April 2003, the Company's Board of Directors approved increases to the existing share repurchase program, in each case authorizing the purchase of up to an additional 5% of the Company's issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock. The timing and amount of purchases are determined at the discretion of the Company's management. At May 12, 2003, a total of 1,341,144 shares of Common Stock remained authorized for repurchase under the program.
6. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company's operating agreements provide Affiliate managers the right to require AMG to purchase their retained equity interests at certain intervals. The Company is also obligated to purchase all remaining interests held by an Affiliate manager upon his or her death, disability or termination of employment. These purchases are generally calculated based on a multiple of the Affiliate's cash flow distributions, which is intended to represent fair value. In addition, to ensure the availability of continued ownership participation for future key employees, the Company can purchase certain equity interests retained by Affiliate managers. At March 31, 2003, the maximum amount of the Company's obligations under these arrangements equaled approximately $556,078. Assuming the closing of all such transactions, AMG would own the prospective Owners' Allocation of all interests owned by Affiliate managers so purchased, currently estimated to represent approximately $66,072 on an annualized basis.
8
The Company and its Affiliates are subject to claims, legal proceedings and other contingencies in the ordinary course of their business activities. Each of these matters is subject to various uncertainties, and it is possible that some of these matters may be resolved in a fashion unfavorable to the Company or its Affiliates. The Company and its Affiliates establish accruals for matters for which the outcome is probable and can be reasonably estimated. Management believes that any liability in excess of these accruals upon the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition or results of operations of the Company.
7. Related Party Transactions
In connection with the purchase of additional Affiliate equity interests, the Company periodically issues notes to Affiliate partners. As of March 31, 2003, the notes totaled $27,096, of which $9,697 is included on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as a current liability and $17,399 is included in other long-term liabilities. These notes bear interest at a weighted average rate of 4.3% and have maturities that range from 2003 to 2008.
8. Equity-Based Compensation Plans
Financial Accounting Standard No. 123 ("FAS 123"), "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," encourages but does not require adoption of a fair value-based accounting method for stock-based compensation arrangements. An entity may continue to apply Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 ("APB 25") and related interpretations, provided the entity discloses its pro forma Net Income and Earnings per share as if the fair value-based method had been applied in measuring compensation cost. In December 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 148, ("FAS 148"), "Accounting for Stock-Based CompensationTransition and Disclosure." FAS 148 amends FAS 123 to provide alternative methods of transition to the fair value method of accounting for stock-based compensation if companies elect to expense stock options at fair value at the time of grant.
The Company continues to apply APB 25 and related interpretations in accounting for its equity-based compensation arrangements. Under the fair value method prescribed by FAS 123, compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the expected service period. As the Company currently follows the intrinsic value method described in APB 25, the transition provision of FAS 148 does not apply.
If the Company's expense for equity-based compensation arrangements had been determined based on the fair value method promulgated by FAS 123, the Company's Net Income and Earnings per share would have been as follows.
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2003 |
||||
Net Incomeas reported | $ | 14,508 | $ | 12,997 | ||
Less: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of tax | 2,441 | 2,322 | ||||
Net IncomeFAS 123 pro forma | $ | 12,067 | $ | 10,675 | ||
Earnings per sharebasicas reported | $ | 0.65 | $ | 0.61 | ||
Earnings per sharebasicpro forma | 0.54 | 0.50 | ||||
Earnings per sharedilutedas reported | 0.63 | 0.60 | ||||
Earnings per sharedilutedpro forma | 0.53 | 0.49 |
9
9. Segment Information
Financial Accounting Standard No. 131 ("FAS 131"), "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information," establishes disclosure requirements relating to operating segments in annual and interim financial statements. Management has assessed the requirements of FAS 131 and determined that the Company operates in three business segments representing the Company's three principal distribution channels: High Net Worth, Mutual Fund and Institutional.
Revenue in the High Net Worth distribution channel is earned from relationships with wealthy individuals, family trusts and managed account programs. Revenue in the Mutual Fund distribution channel is earned from advisory and sub-advisory relationships with mutual funds. Revenue in the Institutional distribution channel is earned from relationships with foundations and endowments, defined benefit and defined contribution plans and Taft-Hartley plans. In the case of Affiliates with transaction-based brokerage fee businesses, revenue reported in each distribution channel includes fees earned for transactions on behalf of clients in that channel.
In reporting segment operating expenses, Affiliate expenses are allocated to a particular segment on a pro rata basis with respect to the revenue generated by that Affiliate in such segment. As described in greater detail in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," in firms with revenue sharing arrangements, a certain percentage of revenue is allocated for use by management of an Affiliate in paying operating expenses of that Affiliate, including salaries and bonuses, and is called an "Operating Allocation." Generally, as revenue increases, additional compensation is typically paid to Affiliate management partners from the Operating Allocation. As a result, the contractual expense allocation pursuant to a revenue sharing arrangement may result in the characterization of any growth in profit margin beyond the Company's Owners' Allocation as an operating expense. All other operating expenses (excluding intangible amortization) and interest expense have been allocated to segments based on the proportion of cash flow distributions reported by Affiliates in each segment.
10
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2002 |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
High Net Worth |
Mutual Fund |
Institutional |
Total |
||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 36,221 | $ | 38,678 | $ | 44,436 | $ | 119,335 | ||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 1,196 | 268 | 3,218 | 4,682 | ||||||||||
Other operating expenses | 19,805 | 20,087 | 25,023 | 64,915 | ||||||||||
21,001 | 20,355 | 28,241 | 69,597 | |||||||||||
Operating income | 15,220 | 18,323 | 16,195 | 49,738 | ||||||||||
Non-operating (income) and expenses: |
||||||||||||||
Investment and other income | (162 | ) | (152 | ) | (286 | ) | (600 | ) | ||||||
Interest expense | 2,131 | 2,128 | 2,277 | 6,536 | ||||||||||
1,969 | 1,976 | 1,991 | 5,936 | |||||||||||
Income before minority interest and income taxes | 13,251 | 16,347 | 14,204 | 43,802 | ||||||||||
Minority interest | (5,536 | ) | (6,826 | ) | (7,260 | ) | (19,622 | ) | ||||||
Income before income taxes | 7,715 | 9,521 | 6,944 | 24,180 | ||||||||||
Income taxes | 3,086 | 3,808 | 2,778 | 9,672 | ||||||||||
Net Income | $ | 4,629 | $ | 5,713 | $ | 4,166 | $ | 14,508 | ||||||
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2003 |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
High Net Worth |
Mutual Fund |
Institutional |
Total |
||||||||||
Revenue | $ | 32,015 | $ | 41,446 | $ | 36,786 | $ | 110,247 | ||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 1,516 | 347 | 3,665 | 5,528 | ||||||||||
Other operating expenses | 18,376 | 23,154 | 21,267 | 62,797 | ||||||||||
19,892 | 23,501 | 24,932 | 68,325 | |||||||||||
Operating income | 12,123 | 17,945 | 11,854 | 41,922 | ||||||||||
Non-operating (income) and expenses: |
||||||||||||||
Investment and other income | (393 | ) | (682 | ) | (400 | ) | (1,475 | ) | ||||||
Interest expense | 1,641 | 2,126 | 1,674 | 5,441 | ||||||||||
1,248 | 1,444 | 1,274 | 3,966 | |||||||||||
Income before minority interest and income taxes | 10,875 | 16,501 | 10,580 | 37,956 | ||||||||||
Minority interest | (4,253 | ) | (6,624 | ) | (5,417 | ) | (16,294 | ) | ||||||
Income before income taxes | 6,622 | 9,877 | 5,163 | 21,662 | ||||||||||
Income taxes | 2,649 | 3,951 | 2,065 | 8,665 | ||||||||||
Net Income | $ | 3,973 | $ | 5,926 | $ | 3,098 | $ | 12,997 | ||||||
Balance Sheet Information
|
Total Assets |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At December 31, 2002 | $ | 290,227 | $ | 498,154 | $ | 454,613 | $ | 1,242,994 | ||||
At March 31, 2003 | $ | 324,212 | $ | 555,299 | $ | 508,924 | $ | 1,388,435 | ||||
11
10. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
During the three months ended March 31, 2003, the Company made payments to acquire interests in existing Affiliates of the Company. The increase in goodwill associated with such transactions, as well as the carrying amounts of goodwill, are reflected in the following table for each of the Company's operating segments. All goodwill acquired during the quarter will be deductible for tax purposes.
|
High Net Worth |
Mutual Fund |
Institutional |
Total |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance, as of December 31, 2002 | $ | 181,207 | $ | 268,534 | $ | 289,312 | $ | 739,053 | ||||
Goodwill acquired | 756 | 45 | 1,714 | 2,515 | ||||||||
Balance, as of March 31, 2003 | $ | 181,963 | $ | 268,579 | $ | 291,026 | $ | 741,568 | ||||
The following table reflects the components of intangible assets as of March 31, 2003:
|
Intangible Assets |
Accumulated Amortization |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amortized intangible assets: | |||||||
Acquired client relationships | $ | 231,204 | $ | 53,736 | |||
Non-amortized intangible assets: | |||||||
Acquired client relationshipsmutual fund management contracts | 193,134 | | |||||
Goodwill | 741,568 | |
Amortizable acquired client relationships are amortized using the straight-line method over a weighted average life of approximately 14 years. Amortization expense was $3,332 and $4,014 for the three months ended March 31, 2002 and 2003, respectively. The Company estimates that amortization expense will be approximately $16,200 per year from 2003 through 2007, assuming no additional investments in new or existing Affiliates.
11. Recent Accounting Developments
In January 2003, the FASB issued Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46 ("FIN 46"), "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities," which addresses reporting and disclosure requirements for Variable Interest Entities ("VIEs"). FIN 46 defines a VIE as an entity that either does not have equity investors with voting rights or has equity investors that do not provide sufficient financial resources for the entity to support its activities. FIN 46 requires consolidation of a VIE by the enterprise that has the majority of the risks and rewards of ownership, referred to as the primary beneficiary. The consolidation and disclosure provisions of FIN 46 are effective immediately for VIEs created after January 31, 2003, and for reporting periods beginning after June 15, 2003 for VIEs created before February 1, 2003. The Company is continuing to assess the impact of FIN 46 on its Consolidated Financial Statements, and may be required to consolidate its corporate headquarters and related financing (approximately $20,000) beginning in the third quarter of 2003. The consolidation of the Company's corporate headquarters and related financing would not materially impact the Company's operating results or financial position.
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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Forward-Looking Statements
When used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in our press releases and in oral statements made with the approval of an executive officer, the words or phrases "will likely result," "are expected to," "will continue," "is anticipated," "believes," "estimate," "project" or similar expressions are intended to identify "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties, including, among others, the following:
These factors (among others) could affect our financial performance and cause actual results to differ materially from historical earnings and those presently anticipated and projected. We will not undertake and we specifically disclaim any obligation to release publicly the result of any revisions which may be made to any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements or to reflect the occurrence of events, whether or not anticipated. In that respect, we wish to caution readers not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made.
Overview
We are an asset management company with equity investments in a diverse group of mid-sized investment management firms (our "Affiliates"). As of March 31, 2003, our affiliated investment management firms managed approximately $68.4 billion in assets across a broad range of investment styles and in three principal distribution channels: High Net Worth, Mutual Fund and Institutional. We pursue a growth strategy designed to generate shareholder value through the internal growth of our existing businesses across these three channels, in addition to investments in mid-sized investment management firms and strategic transactions and relationships designed to enhance our Affiliates' businesses and growth prospects.
Through our Affiliates, we provide more than 150 investment products across a broad range of asset classes and investment styles and in our three principal distribution channels. We believe that our diversification across asset classes, investment styles and distribution channels helps to mitigate our exposure to the risks created by changing market environments. The following summarizes our operations in these distribution channels.
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management services for high net worth individuals and families through direct relationships, as well as through more than 90 managed account programs.
While we operate our business through our Affiliates in these distribution channels, we strive to maintain each Affiliate's entrepreneurial culture and independence through our investment structure. Our principal investment structure involves the ownership of a majority interest in our Affiliates, with each Affiliate organized as a separate firm. Each Affiliate operating agreement is tailored to meet that Affiliate's particular characteristics and provides us the authority to cause or prevent certain actions to protect our interests.
We have revenue sharing arrangements with most of our Affiliates. Under these arrangements, a percentage of revenue (or in certain cases different percentages relating to the various sources or amounts of revenue of a particular Affiliate) is allocated for use by management of that Affiliate in paying operating expenses of the Affiliate, including salaries and bonuses. We call this the "Operating Allocation." The remaining portion of the Affiliate's revenue is allocated to the owners of that Affiliate (including us), and called the "Owners' Allocation." Each Affiliate distributes its Owners' Allocation to its managers and to us generally in proportion to their and our respective ownership interests in that Affiliate although, as discussed below, in certain circumstances we may permit an Affiliate's management to use its portion of the Owners' Allocation to meet the Affiliate's operating expenses.
We only agree to a particular revenue sharing arrangement if we believe that the Operating Allocation will cover operating expenses of the Affiliate, including a potential increase in expenses or decrease in revenue without a corresponding decrease in operating expenses. To the extent that we are unable to anticipate changes in the revenue and expense base of an Affiliate, the agreed-upon Operating Allocation may not be large enough to pay for all of the Affiliate's operating expenses. The allocations and distributions of cash to us under the Owners' Allocation generally have priority over the allocations and distributions to the Affiliate's managers, which help to protect us if there are any expenses in excess of the Operating Allocation of the Affiliate. Thus, if an Affiliate's expenses exceed its Operating Allocation, the excess expenses first reduce the portion of the Owners' Allocation allocated to the Affiliate's managers until that portion is eliminated, and then reduce the portion allocated to us. Any such reduction in our portion of the Owners' Allocation is required to be paid back to us out of the portion of future Owners' Allocation allocated to the Affiliate's managers. Nevertheless, we may agree to adjustments to revenue sharing arrangements to accommodate our business needs or those of our Affiliates, including deferring or forgoing the receipt of some portion or all of our share of an Affiliate's revenue to permit the Affiliate to fund operating expenses, or restructuring our relationship with an Affiliate, if we believe that doing so will maximize the long-term benefits to us. In addition, with certain Affiliates, we operate under a profit-based arrangement (as described below) to better accommodate our business needs or those of our Affiliates.
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One of the purposes of our revenue sharing arrangements is to provide ongoing incentives for Affiliate managers by allowing them:
An Affiliate's managers therefore have incentives to increase revenue (thereby increasing the Operating Allocation and their share of the Owners' Allocation) and to control expenses (thereby increasing the amount of Operating Allocation available for their compensation).
Some of our Affiliates are not subject to a revenue sharing arrangement, but instead operate on a profit-based model (although we continue to provide equity incentives at these Affiliates). In our profit-based Affiliates, we participate in a budgeting process with the Affiliate and receive as cash flow a share of its profits. As a result, we participate more fully in any increase or decrease in the revenue or expenses of such firms. In those cases, we generally provide incentives to management through compensation arrangements based on the performance of the Affiliate. Currently, our profit-based Affiliates account for less than 10% of our EBITDA.
Net Income on our income statement reflects the consolidation of substantially all of the revenue of our Affiliates, reduced by:
As discussed above, for Affiliates with revenue sharing arrangements, the operating expenses of the Affiliate as well as its managers' minority interest generally increase (or decrease) as the Affiliate's revenue increases (or decreases) because of the direct relationship established in many of our agreements between the Affiliate's revenue and its Operating Allocation and Owners' Allocation. At our profit-based Affiliates, expenses may or may not correspond to increases or decreases in the Affiliates' revenues.
Our level of profitability will depend on a variety of factors, including:
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Through our affiliated investment management firms, we derive most of our revenue from the provision of investment management services. Investment management fees ("asset-based fees") are usually determined as a percentage fee charged on periodic values of a client's assets under management. Certain clients are billed for all or a portion of their accounts based upon assets under management valued at the beginning of a billing period ("in advance"). Other clients are billed for all or a portion of their accounts based upon assets under management valued at the end of the billing period ("in arrears"). Most client accounts in the High Net Worth distribution channel are billed in advance, and most client accounts in the Institutional distribution channel are billed in arrears. Clients in the Mutual Fund distribution channel are billed based upon average daily assets under management. Advisory fees billed in advance will not reflect subsequent changes in the market value of assets under management for that period. Conversely, advisory fees billed in arrears will reflect changes in the market value of assets under management for that period. In addition, in the High Net Worth and Institutional distribution channels, certain clients are billed on the basis of investment performance ("performance fees"). Performance fees are inherently dependent on investment results, and therefore may vary substantially from year to year.
Principally, our assets under management are directly managed by our Affiliates. One of our Affiliates also manages assets in the Institutional distribution channel using overlay strategies. Overlay assets (assets managed subject to strategies which employ futures, options or other derivative securities) generate asset-based fees that are typically substantially lower than the asset-based fees generated by our Affiliates' other investment strategies. Therefore, changes in directly managed assets generally have a greater impact on our revenue from asset-based fees than changes in overlay assets under management.
In addition to the revenue derived from providing investment management services, we derive a small portion of our revenue from transaction-based brokerage fees and distribution fees at certain Affiliates. In the case of the transaction-based brokerage business at Third Avenue Management LLC ("Third Avenue"), our percentage participation in Third Avenue's brokerage fee revenue is substantially less than our percentage participation in the investment management fee revenue realized by Third Avenue and our other Affiliates. For this reason, increases or decreases in our consolidated revenue that are attributable to Third Avenue brokerage fees will not affect our Net Income and EBITDA to the same degree as investment management services revenue from Third Avenue and our other Affiliates.
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Results of Operations
The following tables present our Affiliates' reported assets under management by operating segment (which are also referred to as distribution channels in this report) and a statement of changes for each period.
Assets under ManagementOperating Segment |
December 31, 2002 |
March 31, 2003 |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(dollars in billions) |
|
|
||||||
High Net Worth | $ | 20.6 | $ | 19.6 | ||||
Mutual Fund | 16.4 | 15.4 | ||||||
Institutional | 33.8 | 33.4 | ||||||
$ | 70.8 | $ | 68.4 | |||||
Directly managed assetspercent of total | 91 | % | 91 | % | ||||
Overlay assetspercent of total | 9 | % | 9 | % | ||||
100 | % | 100 | % | |||||
Assets under ManagementStatement of Changes |
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2003 |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(dollars in billions) |
|
||||
Beginning of period | $ | 70.81 | |||
Net client cash flows | 0.04 | ||||
Investment performance | (2.44 | ) | |||
End of period | $ | 68.41 | |||
Our assets under management at March 31, 2003 were $68.4 billion, 3% lower than at December 31, 2002. The decrease in assets under management was primarily attributable to a decline in the equity markets during the first quarter of 2003.
The operating segment analysis presented in the table below is based on average assets under management. For the High Net Worth and Institutional distribution channels, average assets under management represents an average of the assets at the beginning and end of the applicable period. For the Mutual Fund distribution channel, average assets under management represents an average of the
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daily net assets. We believe that this analysis more closely correlates to the billing cycle of each distribution channel and, as such, provides a more meaningful relationship to revenue.
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
% Change |
|||||||||
(in millions, except as noted) |
2002 |
2003 |
||||||||
Average assets under management (in billions) |
||||||||||
High Net Worth | $ | 24.9 | $ | 20.1 | (19 | )% | ||||
Mutual Fund | 14.5 | 15.9 | 10 | % | ||||||
Institutional | 41.5 | 33.6 | (19 | )% | ||||||
Total | $ | 80.9 | $ | 69.6 | (14 | )% | ||||
Revenue(1) | ||||||||||
High Net Worth | $ | 36.2 | $ | 32.0 | (12 | )% | ||||
Mutual Fund | 38.7 | 41.4 | 7 | % | ||||||
Institutional | 44.4 | 36.8 | (17 | )% | ||||||
Total | $ | 119.3 | $ | 110.2 | (8 | )% | ||||
Net Income(1) | ||||||||||
High Net Worth | $ | 4.6 | $ | 4.0 | (13 | )% | ||||
Mutual Fund | 5.7 | 5.9 | 4 | % | ||||||
Institutional | 4.2 | 3.1 | (26 | )% | ||||||
Total | $ | 14.5 | $ | 13.0 | (10 | )% | ||||
EBITDA(2) | ||||||||||
High Net Worth | $ | 11.1 | $ | 9.8 | (12 | )% | ||||
Mutual Fund | 11.9 | 12.3 | 3 | % | ||||||
Institutional | 12.4 | 10.5 | (15 | )% | ||||||
Total | $ | 35.4 | $ | 32.6 | (8 | )% | ||||
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Revenue
Our revenue is generally determined by the following factors:
In addition, the billing patterns of our Affiliates will have an impact on revenue in cases of rising or falling markets. As described previously, advisory fees billed in advance will not reflect subsequent changes in the market value of assets under management for that period, while advisory fees billed in arrears will reflect changes in the market value of assets under management for that period. As a consequence, when equity market declines result in decreased assets under management in a particular period, revenue reported on accounts that are billed in advance of that period may appear to have a relatively higher quarterly fee rate.
Our revenue decreased 8% in the three months ended March 31, 2003 from the three months ended March 31, 2002, primarily as a result of a decline in directly managed assets attributable to the decline in the value of assets under management, which resulted principally from a decline in the equity markets. This decline was partially offset by the revenue of Third Avenue, our most recent investment, which closed in August 2002. The 8% decrease in revenue was proportionately less than the 14% decrease in average assets under management as a result of an increase in transaction-based brokerage fee revenue relating to our investment in Third Avenue, which is not billed based on assets under management. Additionally, our low-margin overlay assets declined during 2002 and the first quarter of 2003, which decline did not have a significant impact on revenue. Excluding the impact of increased brokerage fees and decreased overlay assets, our revenue decreased 11% and average assets under management decreased 12%.
The following discusses the changes in our revenue by operating segments.
High Net Worth Distribution Channel
The decrease in revenue of 12% in the High Net Worth distribution channel in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002, resulted primarily from a decline in average assets under management, resulting principally from a decline in the equity markets. This decline in average assets under management was partially offset by an increase in average assets under management resulting from our investment in Third Avenue. The decrease in revenue was proportionately less than the decrease in average assets under management primarily as a result of a shift in assets under management within this distribution channel to accounts that realize higher fees and, unrelated to the changes in assets under management, an increase in transaction-based brokerage fee revenue associated with our investment in Third Avenue.
Mutual Fund Distribution Channel
The increase in revenue of 7% in the Mutual Fund distribution channel in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002, resulted primarily from an increase in average assets under management, which was principally attributable to our investment in
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Third Avenue and, unrelated to the changes in assets under management, an increase in transaction-based brokerage fee revenue also associated with our investment in Third Avenue. These increases were partially offset by a decline in average assets under management resulting principally from a decline in the equity markets. The increase in revenue was proportionately less than the increase in average assets under management because of an increase in assets under management in mutual funds that realize lower fees.
Institutional Distribution Channel
The decrease in revenue of 17% in the Institutional distribution channel in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002, resulted primarily from a decline in average assets under management, resulting principally from a decline in the equity markets. Unrelated to changes in assets under management, revenue also modestly decreased because of a shift in assets under management within this distribution channel to accounts that realize lower fees. The decrease in revenue was proportionately less than the decrease in average assets under management because of increases in revenue unrelated to the changes in assets under management, including an increase in transaction-based brokerage fee revenue associated with our investment in Third Avenue and an increase in performance fee revenue in this distribution channel.
Operating Expenses
A substantial portion of our operating expenses is incurred by our Affiliates, and a substantial majority of Affiliate expenses is incurred at Affiliates with revenue sharing arrangements. For Affiliates with revenue sharing arrangements, an Affiliate's Operating Allocation generally determines its operating expenses, and therefore our consolidated operating expenses are generally impacted by increases or decreases in Affiliate revenue and corresponding increases or decreases in our Affiliates' Operating Allocations. Similarly, our consolidated compensation and related expenses generally increase or decrease in proportion to increases or decreases in revenue. In the case of profit-based Affiliates, we participate fully in any increase or decrease in the expenses of such Affiliates.
The following table summarizes our consolidated operating expenses.
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
% Change |
||||||||
(dollars in millions) |
2002 |
2003 |
|||||||
Compensation and related expenses | $ | 41.4 | $ | 39.3 | (5 | )% | |||
Selling, general and administrative | 19.6 | 19.5 | (1 | )% | |||||
Amortization of intangible assets | 3.3 | 4.0 | 21 | % | |||||
Depreciation and other amortization | 1.4 | 1.5 | 7 | % | |||||
Other operating expenses | 3.9 | 4.0 | 3 | % | |||||
Total operating expenses | $ | 69.6 | $ | 68.3 | (2 | )% | |||
The decrease in total operating expenses was less than the decrease in revenue as a result of our investment in Third Avenue, which has a proportionately larger Operating Allocation than many of our other Affiliates. Excluding intangible amortization expenses (which generally do not correspond to changes in revenue) and the impact of the investment in Third Avenue, our consolidated operating expenses decreased generally in line with the decrease in revenue.
Compensation and related expenses decreased 5% in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002. The decrease in compensation expenses was primarily a result of the decreased revenue and operating expenses at Affiliates with revenue sharing arrangements, and lower holding company compensation. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in aggregate Affiliate expenses resulting from our investment in Third Avenue.
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Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased 1% in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses was principally attributable to decreases in spending by our Affiliates from their Operating Allocations, and was partially offset by an increase in aggregate Affiliate expenses resulting from our investment in Third Avenue.
The increase in amortization of intangible assets of 21% in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002, resulted principally from an increase in intangible assets resulting from our investment in Third Avenue and, to a lesser extent, our purchases of additional interests in existing Affiliates during 2002 and the first three months of 2003.
Other operating expenses increased 3% in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002, principally as a result of an increase in aggregate Affiliate expenses associated with our investment in Third Avenue and increased spending from the Operating Allocation at Affiliates with revenue sharing arrangements.
Other Income Statement Data
The following table summarizes other income statement data.
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
% Change |
||||||||
(dollars in millions) |
2002 |
2003 |
|||||||
Minority interest | $ | 19.6 | $ | 16.3 | (17 | )% | |||
Income tax expense | 9.7 | 8.7 | (10 | )% | |||||
Interest expense | 6.5 | 5.4 | (17 | )% | |||||
Investment and other income | 0.6 | 1.5 | 150 | % |
Minority interest decreased 17% in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002, principally as a result of the previously discussed decrease in revenue. The decrease in minority interest was proportionately greater than the 8% decrease in revenue because of investment spending by certain Affiliates from their Owners' Allocation, which decreased the minority interest at such Affiliates.
The 10% decrease in income taxes in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002, was attributable to the decrease in income before taxes, as our effective tax rate of 40% did not change from the prior period.
Interest expense decreased 17% in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002. The decrease in interest expense was principally attributable to amortization of debt issuance costs on the zero coupon senior convertible notes, which were fully amortized by the end of the second quarter of 2002 (and therefore did not recur in the first quarter of 2003) and a decrease in the effective interest rate of our senior revolving credit facility. These decreases were partially offset by the amortization of debt issuance costs related to our new senior revolving credit facility and our issuance of floating rate convertible securities, both further described in "Liquidity and Capital Resources."
Investment and other income increased 150% in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002. This increase was attributable to the maintenance of higher levels of excess cash at the holding company as a result of our sale of floating rate senior convertible securities in February 2003, and a $0.5 million gain from our subsequent repurchases of zero coupon senior convertible notes, each described in greater detail in "Liquidity and Capital Resources." The average investment return on our cash exceeded the interest rate of both the outstanding zero coupon senior convertible notes and the floating rate senior convertible securities during the three months ended March 31, 2003.
21
Net Income
The following table summarizes Net Income:
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
% Change |
||||||||
(dollars in millions) |
2002 |
2003 |
|||||||
Net Income | $ | 14.5 | $ | 13.0 | (10 | )% |
The 10% decrease in Net Income in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002, resulted principally from the decreases in revenue and reported operating, interest and minority interest expenses, as described above. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in investment and other income, also described above.
Supplemental Performance Measure
As supplemental information, we provide a non-GAAP performance measure that we refer to as Cash Net Income. This measure is provided in addition to, but not as a substitute for, Net Income. Cash Net Income is defined as Net Income plus amortization and deferred taxes related to intangible assets plus Affiliate depreciation. We consider Cash Net Income an important measure of our financial performance, as we believe it best represents operating performance before non-cash expenses relating to the acquisition of interests in our affiliated investment management firms. Cash Net Income is used by our management and Board of Directors as a principal performance benchmark, including as a measure for aligning executive compensation with stockholder value.
Since our acquired assets do not generally depreciate or require replacement by AMG, and since they generate deferred tax expenses that are unlikely to reverse, we add back these non-cash expenses to Net Income to measure operating performance. We add back amortization attributable to acquired client relationships because this expense does not correspond to the changes in value of these assets, which do not diminish predictably over time. The portion of deferred taxes generally attributable to intangible assets (including goodwill) that we no longer amortize but which continue to generate tax deductions is added back, because these accruals would be used only in the event of a future sale of an Affiliate or an impairment charge, which we consider unlikely. We add back the portion of consolidated depreciation expense incurred by our Affiliates because under our Affiliates' operating agreements we are generally not required to replenish these depreciating assets. Conversely, we do not add back the deferred taxes relating to our floating rate senior convertible securities or other depreciation expenses. In connection with our recent issuance of the convertible securities, we modified our definition of Cash Net Income to clarify that deferred taxes relating to these securities and certain depreciation are not added back. In prior periods, Cash Net Income represented Net Income plus amortization, deferred taxes and depreciation.
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The following table provides a reconciliation of Cash Net Income to Net Income for the following periods.
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(dollars in millions) |
2002(1) |
2003 |
|||||
Net Income | $ | 14.5 | $ | 13.0 | |||
Intangible amortization | 3.3 | 4.0 | |||||
Intangible-related deferred taxes(2) | 5.5 | 6.0 | |||||
Affiliate depreciation(3) | 1.4 | 1.0 | |||||
Cash Net Income(1) | $ | 24.7 | $ | 24.0 | |||
Cash Net Income decreased 3% in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002, primarily as a result of the previously described factors affecting Net Income, and, to a lesser extent, the decrease in depreciation as a result of the modification of our definition, as described above. These decreases were partially offset by increases in intangible amortization and intangible-related deferred taxes. If we had used our prior definition of Cash Net Income for the first quarter of 2003, including adding back the deferred taxes relating to our floating rate senior convertible securities, Cash Net Income would have been higher by approximately $1.1 million, or 5%.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following table summarizes certain key financial data relating to our liquidity and capital resources as of the periods indicated below:
(dollars in millions) |
December 31, 2002 |
March 31, 2003 |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance Sheet Data | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 27.7 | $ | 171.4 | ||
Senior bank debt | | | ||||
Zero coupon convertible debt | 229.0 | 127.4 | ||||
Floating rate convertible securities | | 300.0 | ||||
Mandatory convertible securities | 230.0 | 230.0 |
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|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2003 |
|||||
Cash Flow Data | |||||||
Operating cash flow | $ | 10.6 | $ | (2.1 | ) | ||
Investing cash flow | (3.6 | ) | (4.6 | ) | |||
Financing cash flow | 29.9 | 150.2 | |||||
EBITDA(1) | 35.4 | 32.6 |
We have met our cash requirements primarily through cash generated by operating activities, the issuances of convertible debt securities and equity and borrowings under our senior credit facility. For the three months ended March 31, 2002, our principal uses of cash were to make distributions to Affiliate managers and for working capital purposes. For the three months ended March 31, 2003, our principal uses of cash were to repurchase a portion of our outstanding zero coupon senior convertible debt, repurchase shares of our Common Stock, repay indebtedness, make distributions to Affiliate managers and for working capital purposes. We expect that our principal uses of cash for the foreseeable future will be for additional investments, distributions to Affiliate managers, payment of principal and interest on outstanding debt, additional investments in existing Affiliates (including our purchase of Affiliate managers' retained equity), the repurchase of shares of our Common Stock and outstanding zero coupon senior convertible debt and for working capital purposes.
In August 2002, we replaced our former senior revolving credit facility with a new senior revolving credit facility (the "Facility") with several major commercial banks. The Facility, which is scheduled to mature in August 2005, currently provides that we may borrow up to $250 million at rates of interest (based either on the Eurodollar rate or the Prime rate as in effect from time to time) that vary depending on our credit ratings. Subject to the agreement of the lenders (or prospective lenders) to increase commitments, we have the option to increase the Facility to $350 million. The Facility contains financial covenants with respect to net worth, leverage and interest coverage, and requires us to pay a quarterly commitment fee on any unused portion. The Facility also contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including limitations of indebtedness, liens, dividends and fundamental corporate changes. All borrowings under the Facility are collateralized by pledges of all capital stock or other equity interests owned by us.
In May 2001, we completed the private placement of zero coupon senior convertible notes in which we sold a total of $251 million principal amount at maturity of zero coupon senior convertible notes due 2021, accreting at a rate of 0.50% per annum. Each $1,000 zero coupon senior convertible note is convertible into 11.62 shares of our Common Stock upon the occurrence of certain events, including the following: (i) if the closing price of a share of our Common Stock exceeds specified levels for specified periods; (ii) if the credit rating assigned by Standard & Poor's is below BB-; or (iii) if we call the securities for redemption. We have the option to redeem the securities for cash on or after May 7, 2006, and the holders may require us to repurchase the securities at their accreted value on May 7 of 2004, 2006, 2011 and 2016. The purchase price for such repurchases may be paid in cash or shares of our Common Stock. It is our current intention to repurchase the securities with cash. If our Common Stock continues to trade at or near current market prices, we anticipate that some or all of the outstanding securities may be redeemed by investors at their book value for cash in May 2004. During the three months ended March 31, 2003, we repurchased $111.5 million principal amount at maturity of these notes in privately negotiated transactions with the proceeds of a private placement of $300 million of floating rate senior convertible securities, further described below. During the period from April 1, 2003 through May 12, 2003, we repurchased an additional $5 million principal amount at maturity of these notes.
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In December 2001, we completed a public offering of mandatory convertible debt securities ("FELINE PRIDES"). A sale of an over-allotment of the securities was completed in January 2002, and increased the amount outstanding to $230 million. As described below, these securities are structured to provide $230 million in additional proceeds to us following a successful remarketing and the exercise of forward purchase contracts in November 2004.
Each FELINE PRIDE initially consists of (i) a senior note due November 17, 2006 with a principal amount of $25 per note (each, a "Senior Note"), on which we pay interest quarterly at the annual rate of 6%, and (ii) a forward purchase contract pursuant to which the holder has agreed to purchase, for $25 per contract, shares of our Common Stock on November 17, 2004, with the number of shares to be determined based upon the average trading price of our Common Stock for a period preceding that date. Depending on the average trading price in that period, the number of shares of our Common Stock to be issued in the settlement of the contracts will range from 2,736,000 to 3,146,000, which represents a "settlement rate" of 0.2974 to 0.3420 shares, respectively, per $25 Senior Note. Based on the current trading price of our Common Stock, the purchase contracts would settle at the rate of 0.3420 shares per Senior Note, which equates to the receipt of $73.10 for each share issued.
Each of the Senior Notes is pledged to us to collateralize the holder's obligations under the forward purchase contracts. Beginning in August 2004, the Senior Notes will be remarketed to new investors. A successful remarketing will generate $230 million of proceeds to be used by the original holders of the FELINE PRIDES to honor their obligations on the forward purchase contracts. In exchange for the additional $230 million in payment on the forward purchase contracts, we will issue shares of our Common Stock. As referenced above, the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued will be determined by the price of our Common Stock at that time. The Senior Notes will remain outstanding until November 2006 and (assuming a successful remarketing) will be held by the new investors.
In anticipation of a possible repurchase of the outstanding zero coupon senior convertible notes, we completed a private placement of $300 million of floating rate senior convertible securities in February 2003. These securities bear interest at a rate equal to 3-month LIBOR minus 0.50%, payable in cash quarterly. Each $1,000 floating rate senior convertible security is convertible into shares of our Common Stock upon the occurrence of certain events, including the following: (i) if the closing price of our Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange exceeds $97.50 per share over certain periods; (ii) if the credit rating assigned by Standard & Poor's is below BB-; or (iii) if we exercise our option to call the convertible securities for redemption. Upon conversion, the holders will receive 12.3077 shares of our Common Stock for each $1,000 floating rate senior convertible security. In addition, if at the time of conversion the market price of our Common Stock exceeds $81.25 per share, holders will receive additional shares of our Common Stock based on the price of our Common Stock at the time of the conversion. We may redeem the floating rate senior convertible securities for cash at any time on or after February 25, 2008, at their principal amount. The holders of the convertible securities may require us to repurchase such securities on February 25 of 2008, 2013, 2018, 2023 and 2028, at their principal amount. We may choose to pay the purchase price for such repurchases in cash or shares of our Common Stock. It is our current intention to repurchase these securities with cash.
The floating rate senior convertible securities are considered contingent payment debt instruments under federal income tax regulations. These regulations require us to deduct interest expense at the rate at which we would issue a non-contingent, non-convertible, fixed-rate debt instrument. When the implied interest rate for tax purposes is greater than the actual interest rate, a deferred tax expense is generated. Whereas the implied interest rate for these securities for tax purposes is 5.62%, the actual rate is three-month LIBOR minus 0.50% (as of May 12, 2003, this rate equaled 0.79%). Based on current LIBOR rates, we believe our issuance of these securities will increase our deferred taxes by approximately $5.7 million per year. While these deferred tax liabilities may never reverse, all will reverse if, on the fifth anniversary of the issuance of the securities or later, the securities are redeemed,
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and if our Common Stock is trading at $81.25 per share or less. All deferred taxes will be reclassified to equity if the securities convert and our Common Stock is trading at more than $91.35 per share when it is delivered to holders.
Our obligations to purchase additional equity in our Affiliates extend over the next 19 years. These payment obligations will occur at varying times and in varying amounts over that period, and the actual timing and amounts of such obligations cannot be predicted with any certainty. As one measure of the potential magnitude of such obligations, assuming that all such obligations had become due as of March 31, 2003, the aggregate amount of these obligations would have totaled approximately $556.1 million. Assuming the closing of such additional purchases, we would own the prospective cash flow distributions associated with all additional equity so purchased, estimated to be approximately $66.1 million on an annualized basis as of March 31, 2003. In order to provide the funds necessary for us to meet such obligations and for us to continue to acquire interests in investment management firms, it may be necessary for us to incur, from time to time, additional debt and/or to issue equity or debt securities, depending on market and other conditions. These potential obligations, combined with our other cash needs, may require more cash than is available from operations, and therefore, we may need to raise capital by making additional borrowings or by selling shares of our stock or other equity or debt securities, or to otherwise refinance a portion of these obligations.
Operating Cash Flow
The decrease in cash flow from operations in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002, resulted principally from the timing of year-end compensation bonus payments. While for the year ended December 31, 2001, a significant portion of compensation bonus payments was made in December 2001, a significant portion of such payments for the year ended December 31, 2002 was made in the first quarter of 2003.
Supplemental Liquidity Measure
As supplemental information in this report, we have provided information regarding our EBITDA, a non-GAAP liquidity measure. This measure is provided in addition to, but not as a substitute for, cash flow from operations. EBITDA represents earnings before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. EBITDA, as calculated by us, may not be consistent with computations of EBITDA by other companies. As a measure of liquidity, we believe EBITDA is useful as an indicator of our ability to service debt, make new investments and meet working capital requirements.
The following table provides a reconciliation of EBITDA to cash flow from operations for the each of the periods indicated:
|
For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(dollars in millions) |
2002 |
2003 |
|||||
Cash flow from operations | $ | 10.6 | $ | (2.1 | ) | ||
Interest expense, net of non-cash items | 4.8 | 4.6 | |||||
Current tax provision | 4.2 | 2.0 | |||||
Changes in assets and liabilities, and other adjustments | 15.8 | 28.1 | |||||
EBITDA | $ | 35.4 | $ | 32.6 | |||
Investing Cash Flow
Changes in net cash flow from investing activities result primarily from our additional investments in existing Affiliates. Net cash flow used to make these investments was $3.1 million and $2.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2003, and 2002, respectively.
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Financing Cash Flow
The increase in net cash flow from financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2003, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2002, was attributable to our issuance of the floating rate senior convertible securities in February 2003. The principal source of cash from financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2002 and March 31, 2003 was the issuance of convertible debt securities. In the three months ended March 31, 2003, our uses of cash from financing activities were for the repayment of debt, the repurchase of shares of our Common Stock and the repurchase of $111.5 million of principal amount at maturity of the zero coupon senior convertible notes.
During the three months ended March 31, 2003, we repurchased 744,500 shares of our Common Stock at an average price of $45.24 per share under our share repurchase program. Our share repurchase program was authorized by the Board of Directors in April 2000, permitting us to repurchase up to 5% of our issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock. In July 2002 and April 2003, our Board of Directors approved increases to the existing share repurchase program, in each case authorizing the purchase of up to an additional 5% of our issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock. The timing and amount of purchases are determined at the discretion of our management. At May 12, 2003, a total of 1,341,144 shares of Common Stock remained authorized for repurchase under the program.
Market Risk
We are currently affected by changes in interest rates through our floating rate senior convertible securities. As discussed above, in February 2003 we issued $300 million of floating rate senior convertible securities, which bear interest at a rate equal to three-month LIBOR minus 0.50%, currently calculated to be 0.79%. If three-month LIBOR increased, our interest expense would increase and, as a result, our Net Income would decrease. For example, if three-month LIBOR increases 0.50% (i.e., 50 basis points), our quarterly interest expense, net of taxes, would increase by approximately $225,000.
In the past we have used interest rate derivative contracts to manage interest rate risk associated with our borrowings under our senior credit facility, which are subject to variations in the LIBOR rate. During February 2001, we became a party to $50 million notional amount of interest rate swap contracts. In February 2002, we closed $25 million notional amount of these contracts and entered into a new $25 million notional amount contract, which was subsequently closed in June 2002. In December 2002 our remaining $25 million notional amount interest rate swap contract expired. Although we do not currently have any interest rate swap contracts in place, we may enter into such contracts, or engage in similar hedging activities, in the future.
In using these derivative instruments, we face certain risks that are not directly related to market movements including, but not limited to, credit risk. Credit risk, or the risk of loss arising from a counterparty's failure or inability to meet payment or performance terms of a contract, is a particularly significant element of an interest rate swap contract. We attempt to control this risk through analysis of our counterparties and ongoing examinations of outstanding payments and delinquencies. There can be no assurance that we will use such derivative contracts in the future or that the amount of coverage we might obtain will cover all of our indebtedness outstanding at any such time. Therefore, there can be no assurance that any possible derivative contracts will meet their overall objective of reducing our interest expense.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
For quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk affecting us, see "Market Risk" above, which is incorporated herein by reference.
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Item 4. Controls and Procedures
As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), within the 90 days prior to the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, we and our management recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating and implementing possible controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. In connection with the new rules, we continue to review and document our disclosure controls and procedures, including our internal controls and procedures for financial reporting, and we may from time to time make changes in an effort to enhance their effectiveness and ensure that our systems evolve with our business.
None.
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From time to time, we and our Affiliates may be parties to various claims, suits and complaints. Currently, there are no such claims, suits or complaints that, in the opinion of management, would have a material adverse effect on our financial position, liquidity or results of operations.
Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds
None.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
None.
None.
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
99.1 Certifications of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
We filed the following Current Reports on Form 8-K during the quarter ended March 31, 2003:
Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 30, 2003, containing our press release announcing our financial and operating results for the period ended December 31, 2002.
Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 21, 2003, containing our press releases announcing our offering of floating rate senior convertible securities and our entering into a purchase agreement for the sale of such securities.
Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 27, 2003, containing our press release announcing the sale of $300 million of floating rate senior convertible securities.
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
AFFILIATED MANAGERS GROUP, INC. (Registrant) |
||
/s/ DARRELL W. CRATE (Darrell W. Crate) |
||
on behalf of the Registrant as Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (and also as Principal Financial and Principal Accounting Officer) |
||
May 15, 2003 |
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CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302(a)
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, William J. Nutt, certify that:
Date: May 15, 2003 | /s/ WILLIAM J. NUTT William J. Nutt Chairman and Chief Executive Officer |
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CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302(a)
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
I, Darrell W. Crate, certify that:
/s/ DARRELL W. CRATE Darrell W. Crate Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer |
Date: May 15, 2003
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