UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One) | |
ý |
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2002 or |
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or |
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o |
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to |
(Amended by Exch. Act Rel. No. 312905. eff 4/26/93.)
Commission File Number: 001-13251
SLM CORPORATION
(formerly USA Education, Inc.)
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
52-2013874 (IRS Employer Identification No.) |
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11600 Sallie Mae Drive, Reston, Virginia (Address of principal executive offices) |
20193 (Zip Code) |
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(703) 810-3000 (Registrant's telephone number, including area code) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
Class |
Outstanding at September 30, 2002 |
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Common Stock, $.20 par value | 153,538,970 shares |
SLM CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q
INDEX
September 30, 2002
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Page |
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Part I. Financial Information | |||
Item 1. Financial Statements | 3 | ||
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 19 | ||
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 41 | ||
Item 4. Controls and Procedures | 43 | ||
Part II. Other Information |
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Item 1. Legal Proceedings | 44 | ||
Item 2. Changes in Securities | 44 | ||
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 44 | ||
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | 44 | ||
Item 5. Other Information | 44 | ||
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K | 44 | ||
Signatures |
45 |
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Certifications |
46 |
2
SLM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
|
September 30, 2002 |
December 31, 2001 |
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(Unaudited) |
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Assets | |||||||
Student loans, net | $ | 44,465,716 | $ | 41,000,870 | |||
Warehousing advances/academic facilities financings: | |||||||
Bondsavailable-for-sale | 324,437 | 396,895 | |||||
Loans | 752,251 | 1,371,252 | |||||
Total warehousing advances/academic facilities financings | 1,076,688 | 1,768,147 | |||||
Investments: | |||||||
Trading | 176 | 791 | |||||
Available-for-sale | 4,048,984 | 4,053,719 | |||||
Held-to-maturity | 983,034 | 1,017,642 | |||||
Total investments | 5,032,194 | 5,072,152 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 533,669 | 715,001 | |||||
Residual interest in securitized receivables | 1,785,311 | 1,859,450 | |||||
Other assets | 2,631,081 | 2,458,339 | |||||
Total assets | $ | 55,524,659 | $ | 52,873,959 | |||
Liabilities |
|||||||
Short-term borrowings | $ | 28,662,628 | $ | 31,064,821 | |||
Long-term notes | 22,158,235 | 17,285,350 | |||||
Other liabilities | 2,879,430 | 2,851,326 | |||||
Total liabilities | 53,700,293 | 51,201,497 | |||||
Commitments and contingencies |
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Stockholders' equity |
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Preferred stock, Series A, par value $.20 per share, 20,000 shares authorized: 3,300 and 3,300 shares, respectively, issued at stated value of $50 per share | 165,000 | 165,000 | |||||
Common stock, par value $.20 per share, 375,000 shares authorized: 206,375 and 202,736 shares issued, respectively | 41,275 | 40,547 | |||||
Additional paid-in capital | 1,023,725 | 805,804 | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (net of tax of $326,759 and $360,876, respectively) | 606,838 | 670,199 | |||||
Retained earnings | 2,452,857 | 2,068,490 | |||||
Stockholders' equity before treasury stock | 4,289,695 | 3,750,040 | |||||
Common stock held in treasury at cost: 52,836 and 47,241 shares, respectively | 2,465,329 | 2,077,578 | |||||
Total stockholders' equity | 1,824,366 | 1,672,462 | |||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 55,524,659 | $ | 52,873,959 | |||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
3
SLM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
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2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
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Interest income: | ||||||||||||||
Student loans | $ | 504,455 | $ | 591,721 | $ | 1,573,096 | $ | 1,979,264 | ||||||
Warehousing advances/academic facilities financings: | ||||||||||||||
Taxable | 10,219 | 18,384 | 34,626 | 59,644 | ||||||||||
Tax-exempt | 3,853 | 5,244 | 13,113 | 17,157 | ||||||||||
Total warehousing advances/academic facilities financings | 14,072 | 23,628 | 47,739 | 76,801 | ||||||||||
Investments | 36,401 | 83,942 | 131,026 | 312,747 | ||||||||||
Total interest income | 554,928 | 699,291 | 1,751,861 | 2,368,812 | ||||||||||
Interest expense: | ||||||||||||||
Short-term debt | 145,045 | 330,348 | 480,059 | 1,285,100 | ||||||||||
Long-term debt | 155,570 | 171,324 | 448,186 | 478,882 | ||||||||||
Total interest expense | 300,615 | 501,672 | 928,245 | 1,763,982 | ||||||||||
Net interest income | 254,313 | 197,619 | 823,616 | 604,830 | ||||||||||
Less: provision for losses | 34,771 | 15,299 | 82,558 | 42,169 | ||||||||||
Net interest income after provision for losses | 219,542 | 182,320 | 741,058 | 562,661 | ||||||||||
Other income: | ||||||||||||||
Gains on student loan securitizations | 17,819 | 27,143 | 75,838 | 54,921 | ||||||||||
Servicing and securitization revenue | 121,184 | 118,940 | 495,923 | 432,683 | ||||||||||
Losses on sales of securities, net | (62,854 | ) | (24,788 | ) | (188,462 | ) | (103,707 | ) | ||||||
Derivative market value adjustment | (365,916 | ) | (552,832 | ) | (254,519 | ) | (604,112 | ) | ||||||
Guarantor servicing and collection fees | 84,971 | 75,732 | 242,868 | 189,265 | ||||||||||
Other | 53,844 | 68,070 | 140,793 | 193,913 | ||||||||||
Total other income (loss) | (150,952 | ) | (287,735 | ) | 512,441 | 162,963 | ||||||||
Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||
Salaries and benefits | 96,328 | 88,435 | 280,048 | 265,740 | ||||||||||
Other | 77,981 | 95,678 | 229,004 | 256,013 | ||||||||||
Total operating expenses | 174,309 | 184,113 | 509,052 | 521,753 | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before income tax (benefit) and minority interest in net earnings of subsidiary | (105,719 | ) | (289,528 | ) | 744,447 | 203,871 | ||||||||
Income tax (benefit): | ||||||||||||||
Current | 77,437 | 111,882 | 440,443 | 371,087 | ||||||||||
Deferred | (120,777 | ) | (210,538 | ) | (181,962 | ) | (293,287 | ) | ||||||
Total income tax (benefit) | (43,340 | ) | (98,656 | ) | 258,481 | 77,800 | ||||||||
Minority interest in net earnings of subsidiary | | 2,673 | | 8,020 | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) | (62,379 | ) | (193,545 | ) | 485,966 | 118,051 | ||||||||
Preferred stock dividends | 2,875 | 2,875 | 8,625 | 8,625 | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to common stock | $ | (65,254 | ) | $ | (196,420 | ) | $ | 477,341 | $ | 109,426 | ||||
Basic earnings (loss) per share | $ | (.42 | ) | $ | (1.25 | ) | $ | 3.09 | $ | .68 | ||||
Average common shares outstanding | 153,720 | 157,074 | 154,543 | 160,255 | ||||||||||
Diluted earnings (loss) per share | $ | (.42 | ) | $ | (1.25 | ) | $ | 3.01 | $ | .66 | ||||
Average common and common equivalent shares outstanding | 153,720 | 157,074 | 158,544 | 166,114 | ||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
4
SLM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
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Common Stock Shares |
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Preferred Stock Shares |
Preferred Stock |
Common Stock |
Additional Paid-In Capital |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Retained Earnings |
Treasury Stock |
Total Stockholders' Equity |
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Issued |
Treasury |
Outstanding |
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Balance at June 30, 2001 | 3,300,000 | 198,922,031 | (38,398,042 | ) | 160,523,989 | $ | 165,000 | $ | 39,784 | $ | 549,070 | $ | 485,100 | $ | 2,060,176 | $ | (1,707,081 | ) | $ | 1,592,049 | ||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | (193,545 | ) | (193,545 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of tax | 268,758 | 268,758 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net of tax | (47,830 | ) | (47,830 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | 27,383 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock ($.18 per share) | (27,392 | ) | (27,392 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred stock ($.87 per share) | (2,875 | ) | (2,875 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common shares | 3,243,115 | 3,243,115 | 649 | 141,695 | 142,344 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit related to employee stock option and purchase plan | 94,654 | 94,654 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Premiums on equity forward purchase contracts | (16,059 | ) | (16,059 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of common shares: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity forward repurchases | (6,616,000 | ) | (6,616,000 | ) | (254,802 | ) | (254,802 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benefit plans | (380,949 | ) | (380,949 | ) | (29,676 | ) | (29,676 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2001 | 3,300,000 | 202,165,146 | (45,394,991 | ) | 156,770,155 | $ | 165,000 | $ | 40,433 | $ | 769,360 | $ | 706,028 | $ | 1,836,364 | $ | (1,991,559 | ) | $ | 1,525,626 | ||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2002 | 3,300,000 | 205,515,409 | (50,847,945 | ) | 154,667,464 | $ | 165,000 | $ | 41,103 | $ | 974,312 | $ | 505,635 | $ | 2,548,861 | $ | (2,310,216 | ) | $ | 1,924,695 | ||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | (62,379 | ) | (62,379 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of tax | 140,016 | 140,016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net of tax | (38,813 | ) | (38,813 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | 38,824 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock ($.20 per share) | (30,750 | ) | (30,750 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred stock ($.87 per share) | (2,875 | ) | (2,875 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common shares | 859,434 | 50,496 | 909,930 | 172 | 44,281 | 4,628 | 49,081 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit related to employee stock option and purchase plan | 12,294 | 12,294 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Premiums on equity forward purchase contracts | (7,162 | ) | (7,162 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of common shares: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Open market repurchases | (25,000 | ) | (25,000 | ) | (2,274 | ) | (2,274 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity forward repurchases | (1,850,000 | ) | (1,850,000 | ) | (142,738 | ) | (142,738 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benefit plans | (163,424 | ) | (163,424 | ) | (14,729 | ) | (14,729 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2002 | 3,300,000 | 206,374,843 | (52,835,873 | ) | 153,538,970 | $ | 165,000 | $ | 41,275 | $ | 1,023,725 | $ | 606,838 | $ | 2,452,857 | $ | (2,465,329 | ) | $ | 1,824,366 | ||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
5
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Common Stock Shares |
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Preferred Stock Shares |
Preferred Stock |
Common Stock |
Additional Paid-In Capital |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Retained Earnings |
Treasury Stock |
Total Stockholders' Equity |
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Issued |
Treasury |
Outstanding |
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Balance at December 31, 2000 | 3,300,000 | 190,851,936 | (26,707,091 | ) | 164,144,845 | $ | 165,000 | $ | 38,170 | $ | 225,211 | $ | 311,301 | $ | 1,810,902 | $ | (1,135,248 | ) | $ | 1,415,336 | ||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 118,051 | 118,051 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of tax | 464,008 | 464,008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net of tax | (69,281 | ) | (69,281 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | 512,778 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock ($.54 per share) | (83,964 | ) | (83,964 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred stock ($2.61 per share) | (8,625 | ) | (8,625 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common shares | 11,313,210 | 192,422 | 11,505,632 | 2,263 | 484,929 | 12,126 | 499,318 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit related to employee stock option and purchase plan | 94,654 | 94,654 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Premiums on equity forward purchase contracts | (35,434 | ) | (35,434 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of common shares: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Open market repurchases | (2,715,000 | ) | (2,715,000 | ) | (193,171 | ) | (193,171 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity forward repurchases | (14,913,575 | ) | (14,913,575 | ) | (587,186 | ) | (587,186 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benefit plans | (1,251,747 | ) | (1,251,747 | ) | (88,080 | ) | (88,080 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2001 | 3,300,000 | 202,165,146 | (45,394,991 | ) | 156,770,155 | $ | 165,000 | $ | 40,433 | $ | 769,360 | $ | 706,028 | $ | 1,836,364 | $ | (1,991,559 | ) | $ | 1,525,626 | ||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2001 | 3,300,000 | 202,736,386 | (47,240,838 | ) | 155,495,548 | $ | 165,000 | $ | 40,547 | $ | 805,804 | $ | 670,199 | $ | 2,068,490 | $ | (2,077,578 | ) | $ | 1,672,462 | ||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 485,966 | 485,966 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net of tax: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of tax | (24,675 | ) | (24,675 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net of tax | (38,686 | ) | (38,686 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | 422,605 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock ($.61 per share) | (92,974 | ) | (92,974 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred stock ($2.61 per share) | (8,625 | ) | (8,625 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common shares | 3,638,457 | 280,676 | 3,919,133 | 728 | 192,909 | 23,982 | 217,619 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit related to employee stock option and purchase plan | 50,858 | 50,858 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Premiums on equity forward purchase contracts | (25,846 | ) | (25,846 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of common shares: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Open market repurchases | (25,000 | ) | (25,000 | ) | (2,274 | ) | (2,274 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity forward repurchases | (4,900,000 | ) | (4,900,000 | ) | (321,766 | ) | (321,766 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benefit plans | (950,711 | ) | (950,711 | ) | (87,693 | ) | (87,693 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2002 | 3,300,000 | 206,374,843 | (52,835,873 | ) | 153,538,970 | $ | 165,000 | $ | 41,275 | $ | 1,023,725 | $ | 606,838 | $ | 2,452,857 | $ | (2,465,329 | ) | $ | 1,824,366 | ||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
6
SLM CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)
|
Nine months ended September 30, |
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2002 |
2001 |
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Operating activities | |||||||||
Net income | $ | 485,966 | $ | 118,051 | |||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||
Gains on student loan securitizations | (75,838 | ) | (54,921 | ) | |||||
Losses on sales of securities, net | 188,462 | 103,707 | |||||||
Derivative market value adjustment | 254,519 | 604,112 | |||||||
Provision for losses | 82,558 | 42,169 | |||||||
Increase in accrued interest receivable | (105,227 | ) | (145,613 | ) | |||||
Decrease in accrued interest payable | (10,096 | ) | (67,829 | ) | |||||
Increase in other assets and residual interest in securitized receivables, net | (257,906 | ) | (341,208 | ) | |||||
(Decrease)/increase in other liabilities | (320,041 | ) | 228,958 | ||||||
Total adjustments | (243,569 | ) | 369,375 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 242,397 | 487,426 | |||||||
Investing activities | |||||||||
Student loans acquired | (12,482,383 | ) | (10,731,679 | ) | |||||
Reduction of student loans: | |||||||||
Installment payments | 510,680 | 2,292,611 | |||||||
Claims and resales | 499,637 | 440,793 | |||||||
Proceeds from securitization of student loans | 7,967,914 | 4,970,633 | |||||||
Proceeds from sales of student loans | 54,754 | 50,417 | |||||||
Warehousing advances/academic facilities financings made | (427,248 | ) | (849,509 | ) | |||||
Warehousing advance/academic facilities financings repayments | 1,122,181 | 957,364 | |||||||
Investments purchased | (30,217,854 | ) | (38,951,861 | ) | |||||
Proceeds from sale or maturity of investments | 30,244,474 | 39,021,781 | |||||||
Purchase of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired | (46,392 | ) | | ||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (2,774,237 | ) | (2,799,450 | ) | |||||
Financing activities | |||||||||
Short-term borrowings issued | 502,008,756 | 648,502,997 | |||||||
Short-term borrowings repaid | (499,811,442 | ) | (652,914,671 | ) | |||||
Long-term notes issued | 16,689,747 | 16,352,564 | |||||||
Long-term notes repaid | (16,265,852 | ) | (7,887,836 | ) | |||||
Common stock issued | 268,477 | 593,972 | |||||||
Premiums on equity forward contracts | (25,846 | ) | (35,434 | ) | |||||
Common stock repurchased | (411,733 | ) | (868,437 | ) | |||||
Common dividends paid | (92,974 | ) | (83,964 | ) | |||||
Preferred dividends paid | (8,625 | ) | (8,625 | ) | |||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | 2,350,508 | 3,650,566 | |||||||
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | (181,332 | ) | 1,338,542 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 715,001 | 734,468 | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 533,669 | $ | 2,073,010 | |||||
Cash disbursements made for: |
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Interest | $ | 1,253,775 | $ | 1,693,011 | |||||
Income taxes | $ | 509,500 | $ | 166,400 | |||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
7
SLM CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Information at September 30, 2002 and for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2002 and 2001 is
unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
1. Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of SLM Corporation (the "Company"), formerly USA Education, Inc., have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair statement have been included. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 may not necessarily be indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2002. These unaudited financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related notes included in the Company's 2001 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
2. New Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 146 ("SFAS 146"), "Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities." SFAS 146 requires that a liability for costs associated with exit or disposal activities is recognized when the liability is incurred. Existing generally accepted accounting principles provide for the recognition of such costs at the date of management's commitment to an exit plan. In addition, SFAS 146 requires that the liability be measured at fair value and be adjusted for changes in estimated cash flows. The provisions of the new standard are effective for exit or disposal activities initiated after December 31, 2002. It is not expected that SFAS 146 will materially affect the Company's financial statements.
In April 2002, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 145 ("SFAS 145"), "Rescission of FASB Statements Nos. 4, 44 and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical Corrections." This statement rescinds FASB Statement No. 4, "Reporting Gains and Losses from Extinguishment of Debt" and an amendment of that statement, FASB Statement No. 64, "Extinguishments of Debt Made to Satisfy Sinking-Fund Requirements." The statement also rescinds FASB Statement No. 44, "Accounting for Intangible Assets of Motor Carriers" and amends FASB Statement No. 13, "Accounting for Leases" to eliminate an inconsistency between the required accounting for sale-leaseback transactions and the required accounting for certain lease modifications that have economic effects that are similar to sale-leaseback transactions. This statement also amends other existing authoritative pronouncements to make various technical corrections, clarify meanings, or describe their applicability under changed conditions. The provisions of SFAS 145 related to the rescission of FASB No. 4 are effective for fiscal years beginning after May 15, 2002. The provisions of SFAS 145 related to FASB No. 13 are effective for transactions occurring after May 15, 2002. All other provisions of SFAS 145 are effective for financial statements issued on or after May 15, 2002. The Company does not expect to have any material changes to its financial statements as a result of SFAS 145.
8
In June 2001, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 ("SFAS 141"), "Business Combinations," and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142 ("SFAS 142"), "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." SFAS 141 requires companies to use the purchase method of accounting for all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001, and broadens the criteria for recording identifiable intangible assets separate from goodwill. SFAS 142 requires companies to cease systematically amortizing goodwill (and other intangible assets with indefinite lives), and perform an assessment for impairment by applying a fair-value-based test on an annual basis (or an interim basis if circumstances indicate a possible impairment). Future impairment losses are to be recorded as an operating expense, except at the transition date, when any impairment write-off of existing goodwill is to be recorded as a "cumulative effect of change in accounting principle." In accordance with SFAS 142, any goodwill and indefinite-life intangibles resulting from acquisitions completed after June 30, 2001 will not be amortized. Effective January 1, 2002, the Company ceased the amortization of goodwill and indefinite-life intangibles in accordance with SFAS 142. During the second quarter of 2002, the Company performed the goodwill impairment tests for the year ended December 31, 2001. As of December 31, 2001, there was no impairment of goodwill.
The following table presents the impact of goodwill amortization to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2001 net income (loss) attributable to common stock and earnings (loss) per common share (EPS) (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts).
|
Three months ended September 30, 2001 |
Nine months ended September 30, 2001 |
||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Net income (loss) attributable to common stock |
Basic EPS |
Diluted EPS |
Net income (loss) attributable to common stock |
Basic EPS |
Diluted EPS |
||||||||||||
Reported net income (loss) | $ | (196,420 | ) | $ | (1.25 | ) | $ | (1.25 | ) | $ | 109,426 | $ | .68 | $ | .66 | |||
Add back: Goodwill (including assembled workforce and trademarks) amortization (after-tax) | 8,058 | .05 | .05 | 23,702 | .15 | .14 | ||||||||||||
Adjusted net income (loss) | $ | (188,362 | ) | $ | (1.20 | ) | $ | (1.20 | ) | $ | 133,128 | $ | .83 | $ | .80 | |||
3. Allowance for Student Loan Losses
The provision for loan losses represents the periodic expense of maintaining an allowance sufficient to absorb losses, net of recoveries, inherent in the portfolio of student loans. The Company separately evaluates the adequacy of the provision for losses on its federally insured portfolio of student loans and its private credit portfolio. The loan loss reserve attributable to federally insured loans consists of two components: a reserve for the two percent of the outstanding principal and interest that is not insured by the federal government ("risk-sharing reserve") and a reserve for rejected guarantor claims losses ("rejected claims reserve"), mainly caused by servicing defects. The risk-sharing reserve is an estimate based on the amount of loans subject to risk-sharing and on the historical
9
experience of losses. The rejected claims reserve is based on an analysis of the historic level of rejected claims and subsequent cures. Since Federal Family Education Loan Program ("FFELP") loans are guaranteed as to both principal and interest, they continue to accrue interest until such time that they are paid by the guarantor. Once a student loan is rejected for claim payment, the Company's policy is to continue to pursue the recovery of principal and interest, either by curing the reject or collecting from the borrower. The Company attempts to cure the reject by engaging in extensive collection efforts including repeated and methodical mail and phone contact with borrowers and co-borrowers. The Company has a history of successfully curing rejected claims within two years; it is therefore the Company's policy to charge off a rejected claim once it has aged to two years.
When determining the allowance for loan losses of the private credit portfolio of student loans, the Company primarily considers recent trends in delinquencies, charge-offs and recoveries, historical trends in loan volume by program, economic conditions and credit and underwriting policies. A large percentage of the Company's private credit loans have not matured to a point at which predictable loan loss patterns have developed. The Company utilizes historical data combined with industry-based loss data by delinquency status (current, greater than 30 days, greater than 60 days, etc.) to establish its reserve amount. The Company uses this information to estimate the likelihood of loss on loans with similar characteristics, such as the tendency for a borrower who is greater than 60 days delinquent to default. For those private credit products guaranteed by the Company's HEMAR Insurance Corporation of America ("HICA") subsidiary, loans are charged off when HICA pays the claim, which occurs on or after the 270th day of delinquency. Additionally, SLM Financial charges off loans once they are greater than 210 days delinquent. This policy is consistent with the history experienced to date and is periodically reconsidered by management as trends develop. Loans continue to accrue interest until they are charged off and removed from the active portfolio.
Accordingly, the evaluation of the provision for loan losses is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant changes. Management believes that the provision for loan losses is adequate to cover probable losses in the student loan portfolio.
10
The following table shows the loan delinquency trends as of September 30, 2002 and 2001, presented on the Company's private credit student loan portfolio.
|
September 30, 2002 |
September 30, 2001 |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
$ |
% |
$ |
% |
||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
|
|
|
|
||||||||
Loans in school/deferment | $ | 2,315 | $ | 1,428 | ||||||||
Loans in repayment | ||||||||||||
Loans current | 2,705 | 82 | % | 2,025 | 80 | % | ||||||
Loans in forbearance | 364 | 11 | 242 | 10 | ||||||||
Loans delinquent 30-59 days | 107 | 3 | 112 | 4 | ||||||||
Loans delinquent 60-89 days | 55 | 2 | 56 | 2 | ||||||||
Loans delinquent greater than 90 days | 86 | 2 | 92 | 4 | ||||||||
Total loans in repayment | 3,317 | 100 | % | 2,527 | 100 | % | ||||||
Total private credit student loans, net | $ | 5,632 | $ | 3,955 | ||||||||
The following table summarizes changes in the allowance for student loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001.
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
||||||||||
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 229,850 | $ | 235,411 | $ | 265,140 | $ | 227,406 | ||||||
Additions | ||||||||||||||
Provisions for student loan losses | 33,483 | 24,682 | 79,612 | 50,691 | ||||||||||
Recoveries | 5,955 | 2,830 | 9,101 | 6,877 | ||||||||||
Deductions | ||||||||||||||
Reductions for student loans sales and securitizations | (3,019 | ) | (3,188 | ) | (8,211 | ) | (12,023 | ) | ||||||
Charge-offs | (34,215 | ) | (16,309 | ) | (66,596 | ) | (41,347 | ) | ||||||
Other | 113 | 4,422 | (46,879 | ) | 16,244 | |||||||||
Balance at end of period | $ | 232,167 | $ | 247,848 | $ | 232,167 | $ | 247,848 | ||||||
The Company receives certain fees related to originated loans at both origination and the commencement of repayment. These origination fees are charged to cover, in part, anticipated loan losses. Such fees are deferred and recognized into income as a component of interest over the average life of the related pool of loans. Prior to the second quarter of 2002, the Company reflected the unamortized balance as a component of the allowance for loan losses. During the current quarter, the Company recorded $9 million to deferred origination fee revenue, net of amortization. The unamortized balance of deferred origination fee revenue at September 30, 2002 was $81 million.
11
4. Student Loan Securitization
The Company's retained interest in the securitization receivables consists of a residual interest and, in some cases, a cash reserve account. The retained interest was $1.8 billion and $1.9 billion, at September 30, 2002 and December 31, 2001, respectively. The retained interest asset is treated as an available-for-sale security and is marked-to-market through other comprehensive income. To calculate the gain or loss on the sale of the receivables, the Company allocates the carrying amount of the financial assets involved in the transfer between the assets sold and the retained interests based on their relative fair values at the date of transfer. The gain is then the difference between the fair value of the assets securitized and their carrying value after the allocation. Since quoted market prices are generally not available for retained interests, the Company estimates fair value, both initially and on a quarterly basis, based on the present value of future expected cash flows of the assets securitized using management's best estimates of the key assumptionscredit losses, prepayment speeds and discount rates commensurate with the risks involved.
For the three months ended September 30, 2002, the Company sold $2.8 billion of student loans in two securitization transactions and recorded pre-tax securitization gains of $18 million or 0.63 percent of the portfolios securitized. In the third quarter of 2001, the Company sold $1.5 billion of student loans in one securitization transaction and recorded a pre-tax securitization gain of $27 million or 1.74 percent of the portfolios securitized. For the nine months ended September 30, 2002, the Company sold $7.8 billion of student loans in five securitization transactions and securitized $30 million through the recycling provisions of prior securitizations, and recorded pre-tax securitization gains of $76 million or 0.96 percent of the portfolios securitized. In the nine months ended September 30, 2001, the Company sold $4.9 billion of student loans in three securitization transactions and recorded pre-tax securitization gains of $55 million or 1.12 percent of the portfolios securitized. At September 30, 2002 and December 31, 2001, securitized student loans outstanding totaled $32.6 billion and $30.7 billion, respectively.
The Company's wholly owned subsidiary, Sallie Mae Servicing L.P., services the loans and earns annual servicing fees from the trusts of 0.9 percent on the outstanding balance of student loans other than consolidation loans and 0.5 percent on the outstanding balance of consolidation loans in the securitization trusts. In addition to the servicing fees, the Company also receives rights to the residual cash flows from the receivables arising after the investors in the trust have received their contractual return. Trust investors and the securitization trusts have no recourse to the Company's other assets. The Company's retained interests are subordinate to investors' interests, and their value is subject to credit, prepayment, and interest rate risks.
Key economic assumptions used in measuring the fair value of the retained interests at the date of securitization resulting from the student loan securitization transactions completed during the three and
12
nine months ended September 30, 2002 (weighted based on principal amounts securitized) were as follows:
|
Three months ended September 30, 2002 |
Nine months ended September 30, 2002 |
||
---|---|---|---|---|
Weighted-average life | 4.6 years | 4.8 years | ||
Expected credit losses | .6% | .6% | ||
Residual cash flows discounted at | 12% | 12% |
Because of the historically low interest rate environment, the Company has experienced an increase in loan consolidation activity, which could affect the prepayment rate within its securitization trusts. In situations where the Company consolidates a securitized loan, the loan is treated as a prepayment and removed from the securitization trust and recorded as an on-balance sheet asset. As a result, in the second quarter of 2002, the Company made a change in the estimated constant prepayment rate ("CPR") used to calculate the residual interest mark-to-market and the securitization gain on new transactions from 7 percent to 9 percent per annum. While the Company cannot be assured that higher levels of consolidation activity will continue, management believes that it is probable and therefore has deemed certain trusts to have a reduction from their original values. As a result, in the second quarter of 2002, the Company recorded a $38 million other than temporary impairment, which was recognized through securitization revenue and a $34 million after-tax unrealized loss, which was recorded in other comprehensive income as a component of equity. This loss reduced unrealized gains previously recorded on the assets. The change in CPR assumption also impacted the gain on the loan portfolio securitized during the third quarter relative to previous transactions.
The estimate of expected credit losses resulting from loans securitized is dependent on the portfolio's expected rate of defaulted loans and the level of insurance guarantee which ranges from 98 percent to 100 percent of the unpaid principal and interest accrued on the defaulted loan. The expected credit loss percentage is equal to the expected dollar amount of credit losses divided by the portfolio's principal balance.
The following table summarizes the cash flows received from new securitization trusts entered into during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002.
|
Three months ended September 30, 2002 |
Nine months ended September 30, 2002 |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proceeds from new securitizations | $ | 2,858,109 | $ | 7,937,790 | ||
Cash flows received on interest-only strips | | | ||||
Servicing fees paid | 1,978 | 19,145 |
5. Common Stock
Basic earnings (loss) per common share ("Basic EPS") are calculated using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings (loss) per
13
common share ("Diluted EPS") reflect the potential dilutive effect of additional common shares that are issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options, warrants, and deferred compensation, determined by the treasury stock method, and equity forwards, determined by the reverse treasury stock method, as follows:
|
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Stock |
Average Shares |
Earnings (loss) per share |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(thousands) |
(thousands) |
|
||||||
Three months ended September 30, 2002 | |||||||||
Basic EPS | $ | (65,254 | ) | 153,720 | $ | (.42 | ) | ||
Dilutive effect of stock options, warrants, equity forwards and deferred compensation | | | | ||||||
Diluted EPS | $ | (65,254 | ) | 153,720 | $ | (.42 | ) | ||
Three months ended September 30, 2001 |
|||||||||
Basic EPS | $ | (196,420 | ) | 157,074 | $ | (1.25 | ) | ||
Dilutive effect of stock options, warrants and equity forwards | | | | ||||||
Diluted EPS | $ | (196,420 | ) | 157,074 | $ | (1.25 | ) | ||
|
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Common Stock |
Average Shares |
Earnings (loss) per share |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(thousands) |
(thousands) |
|
||||||
Nine months ended September 30, 2002 | |||||||||
Basic EPS | $ | 477,341 | 154,543 | $ | 3.09 | ||||
Dilutive effect of stock options, warrants, equity forwards and deferred compensation | | 4,001 | (.08 | ) | |||||
Diluted EPS | $ | 477,341 | 158,544 | $ | 3.01 | ||||
Nine months ended September 30, 2001 |
|||||||||
Basic EPS | $ | 109,426 | 160,255 | $ | .68 | ||||
Dilutive effect of stock options, warrants, and equity forwards | | 5,859 | (.02 | ) | |||||
Diluted EPS | $ | 109,426 | 166,114 | $ | .66 | ||||
The anti-dilutive effect of stock options, warrants and equity forwards for the three months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001, is 3.6 million and 5.0 million average shares, respectively.
14
The Company enters into equity forward agreements under which it contracts to purchase shares of its common stock from a third party at a future date. At or prior to the maturity date of the agreement, the Company, at its sole option, can purchase the shares from the third party either by issuing its own shares or by paying the net amount due under the contract. The Company accounts for these contracts in accordance with the Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 00-7, and initially measures these contracts at fair value and reports them in permanent equity. At September 30, 2002, the total common shares that could potentially be acquired over the next three years under outstanding equity forward contracts was 8.9 million shares at an average price of $79.48 per share.
6. Derivative Financial Instruments
Summary of Derivative Financial Statement Impact
The following tables summarize the fair and notional value of all derivative instruments at September 30, 2002 and December 31, 2001, and their impact on other comprehensive income and earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001.
|
Cash Flow |
Fair Value |
Trading |
||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
September 30, 2002 |
December 31, 2001 |
September 30, 2002 |
December 31, 2001 |
September 30, 2002 |
December 31, 2001 |
|||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Fair Values | |||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps | $ | | $ | | $ | 10 | $ | (18 | ) | $ | (112 | ) | $ | (128 | ) | ||||
Floor/Cap contracts | | | | | (1,135 | ) | (745 | ) | |||||||||||
Futures | (67 | ) | (40 | ) | | | (91 | ) | (61 | ) | |||||||||
(Dollars in billions) |
|||||||||||||||||||
Notional Values | |||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps | $ | | $ | | $ | 14.7 | $ | 8.1 | $ | 46.6 | $ | 48.3 | |||||||
Floor/Cap contracts | | | | | 19.0 | 20.7 | |||||||||||||
Futures | 10.9 | 25.0 | | | 19.4 | 36.0 |
15
|
Three months ended September 30, |
||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cash Flow |
Fair Value |
Trading |
||||||||||||||||
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Changes to other comprehensive income, net of tax | |||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net | $ | (39 | ) | $ | (48 | ) | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Earnings Summary |
|||||||||||||||||||
Recognition of closed futures contracts' gains/losses into interest expense1 | $ | (5 | ) | $ | (2 | ) | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Recognition of closed futures contracts' gains/losses into gains/losses on sales of securities, net2 | (3 | ) | (3 | ) | | | (45 | ) | (22 | ) | |||||||||
Amortization of transition adjustment3 | | | | | | 13 | |||||||||||||
Mark-to-market earnings4 | (2 | )5 | | 3 | 5 | (31 | )5 | (367 | ) | (522 | ) | ||||||||
Total earnings impact | $ | (10 | ) | $ | (5 | ) | $ | 3 | $ | (31 | ) | $ | (412 | ) | $ | (531 | ) | ||
|
Nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cash Flow |
Fair Value |
Trading |
||||||||||||||||
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Changes to other comprehensive income, net of tax | |||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net | $ | (40 | ) | $ | (31 | ) | $ | | $ | | $ | 1 | 6 | $ | (38 | )6 | |||
Earnings Summary |
|||||||||||||||||||
Recognition of closed futures contracts' gains/losses into interest expense1 | $ | (10 | ) | $ | (10 | ) | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Recognition of closed futures contracts' gains/losses into gains/losses on sales of securities, net2 | (47 | ) | (63 | ) | | | (133 | ) | (29 | ) | |||||||||
Amortization of transition adjustment3 | | | | | (1 | ) | 38 | ||||||||||||
Mark-to-market earnings4 | (2 | )5 | 1 | 5 | 8 | 5 | (56 | )5 | (261 | ) | (549 | ) | |||||||
Total earnings impact | $ | (59 | ) | $ | (72 | ) | $ | 8 | $ | (56 | ) | $ | (395 | ) | $ | (540 | ) | ||
16
The following table shows the components of the change in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, for derivatives.
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, Net | |||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of period | $ | (50 | ) | $ | (21 | ) | $ | (50 | ) | $ | | ||
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net: | |||||||||||||
Transition adjustment | | | | (39 | ) | ||||||||
Additions due to changes in fair value of cash flow hedges | (45 | ) | (52 | ) | (78 | ) | (78 | ) | |||||
Hedge ineffectiveness reclassed to earnings | 1 | | 1 | (1 | ) | ||||||||
Amortizations1 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 8 | |||||||||
Discontinued hedges | 3 | 2 | 32 | 41 | |||||||||
Total change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net | (39 | ) | (48 | ) | (39 | ) | (69 | ) | |||||
Balance at end of period | $ | (89 | ) | $ | (69 | ) | $ | (89 | ) | $ | (69 | ) | |
17
The tables below reconcile the mark-to-market earnings to the change in fair values for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001.
|
Three months ended September 30, |
||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cash Flow |
Fair Value |
Trading |
||||||||||||||||
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Change in value of hedged item | $ | | $ | | $ | (16 | ) | $ | (37 | ) | $ | | $ | | |||||
Change in value of derivatives | (2) | 1 | | 19 | 6 | (509 | ) | (583 | ) | ||||||||||
Premiums received from caps/floors | | | | | 142 | 61 | |||||||||||||
Extinguishment of floor contracts | | | | | | | |||||||||||||
Total mark-to-market earnings | $ | (2 | ) | $ | | $ | 3 | $ | (31 | ) | $ | (367 | ) | $ | (522 | ) | |||
|
Nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cash Flow |
Fair Value |
Trading |
||||||||||||||||
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Change in value of hedged item | $ | | $ | | $ | (20 | ) | $ | (64 | ) | $ | | $ | | |||||
Change in value of derivatives | (2) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 28 | 8 | (404 | ) | (729 | ) | |||||||||
Premiums received from caps/floors | | | | | 143 | 227 | |||||||||||||
Extinguishment of floor contracts | | | | | | (47 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total mark-to-market earnings | $ | (2 | ) | $ | 1 | $ | 8 | $ | (56 | ) | $ | (261 | ) | $ | (549 | ) | |||
18
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
OVERVIEW
On August 7, 1997, in accordance with the Student Loan Marketing Association Reorganization Act of 1996 (the "Privatization Act") and approval by shareholders of an agreement and plan of reorganization, the Student Loan Marketing Association ("the GSE") was reorganized into a subsidiary of SLM Corporation (the "Reorganization"). SLM Corporation is a holding company that operates through a number of subsidiaries including the GSE. References herein to the "Company" refer to the GSE and its subsidiaries for periods prior to the Reorganization and to SLM Corporation and its subsidiaries for periods after the Reorganization.
The Company is the largest private source of funding, delivery and servicing support for education loans in the United States, primarily through its participation in the Federal Family Education Loan Program ("FFELP"). The Company's products and services include student loan purchases and commitments to purchase student loans, student loan servicing and collections, as well as operational support to originators of student loans and to post-secondary education institutions, guarantors and other education-related financial services. The Company also originates, purchases, holds and services private credit loans.
The following Management's Discussion and Analysis contains forward-looking statements and information that are based on management's current expectations as of the date of this document. Discussions that utilize the words "intend," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate" and "expect" and similar expressions, as they relate to the Company's management, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that may cause the actual results of the Company to be materially different from those reflected in such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, changes in the terms of educational loans and the educational credit marketplace arising from the implementation of applicable laws and regulations and from changes in such laws and regulations; which may reduce the volume, average term and costs of yields on student loans under the FFELP or result in loans being originated or refinanced under non-FFELP programs or may affect the terms upon which banks and others agree to sell FFELP loans to the Company. The Company could also be affected by changes in the demand for educational financing and consumer lending or in financing preferences of lenders, educational institutions, students and their families; changes in the general interest rate environment and in the securitization markets for education loans, which may increase the costs or limit the availability of financings necessary to initiate, purchase or carry education loans; losses from default; and changes in prepayment rates and credit spreads.
19
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Condensed Statements of Income
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Increase (decrease) |
Nine months ended September 30, |
Increase (decrease) |
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
$ |
% |
2002 |
2001 |
$ |
% |
|||||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 254 | $ | 198 | $ | 56 | 29 | % | $ | 824 | $ | 605 | $ | 219 | 36 | % | |||||||
Less: provision for losses | 34 | 15 | 19 | 127 | 83 | 42 | 41 | 96 | |||||||||||||||
Net interest income after provision for losses | 220 | 183 | 37 | 20 | 741 | 563 | 178 | 32 | |||||||||||||||
Gains on student loan securitizations | 18 | 27 | (9 | ) | (34 | ) | 76 | 55 | 21 | 38 | |||||||||||||
Servicing and securitization revenue | 121 | 119 | 2 | 2 | 496 | 433 | 63 | 15 | |||||||||||||||
Losses on sales of securities, net | (63 | ) | (25 | ) | (38 | ) | 154 | (189 | ) | (104 | ) | (85 | ) | 82 | |||||||||
Derivative market value adjustment | (366 | ) | (553 | ) | 187 | (34 | ) | (255 | ) | (604 | ) | 349 | (58 | ) | |||||||||
Guarantor servicing and collection fees | 85 | 75 | 10 | 12 | 243 | 188 | 55 | 28 | |||||||||||||||
Other income | 54 | 68 | (14 | ) | (21 | ) | 141 | 195 | (54 | ) | (27 | ) | |||||||||||
Operating expenses | 174 | 184 | (10 | ) | (5 | ) | 509 | 522 | (13 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | (43 | ) | (99 | ) | 56 | (56 | ) | 258 | 78 | 180 | 232 | ||||||||||||
Minority interest in net earnings of subsidiary | | 3 | (3 | ) | (100 | ) | | 8 | (8 | ) | (100 | ) | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (62 | ) | $ | (194 | ) | $ | 132 | (68 | )% | $ | 486 | $ | 118 | $ | 368 | 312 | % | |||||
Preferred dividends | 3 | 3 | | | 9 | 9 | | | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to common stock | $ | (65 | ) | $ | (197 | ) | $ | 132 | (67 | )% | $ | 477 | $ | 109 | $ | 368 | 336 | % | |||||
Basic earnings (loss) per share | $ | (.42 | ) | $ | (1.25 | ) | $ | .83 | (67 | )% | $ | 3.09 | $ | .68 | $ | 2.41 | 352 | % | |||||
Diluted earnings (loss) per share | $ | (.42 | ) | $ | (1.25 | ) | $ | .83 | (67 | )% | $ | 3.01 | $ | .66 | $ | 2.35 | 356 | % | |||||
Dividends per common share | $ | .20 | $ | .18 | $ | .02 | 14 | % | $ | .61 | $ | .54 | $ | .07 | 13 | % | |||||||
Condensed Balance Sheets
|
|
|
Increase (decrease) |
|||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
September 30, 2002 |
December 31, 2001 |
||||||||||
|
$ |
% |
||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||
Student loans | $ | 44,466 | $ | 41,001 | $ | 3,465 | 8 | % | ||||
Warehousing advances/academic facilities financings | 1,077 | 1,768 | (691 | ) | (39 | ) | ||||||
Cash and investments | 5,566 | 5,787 | (221 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||||
Other assets | 4,416 | 4,318 | 98 | 2 | ||||||||
Total assets | $ | 55,525 | $ | 52,874 | $ | 2,651 | 5 | % | ||||
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity |
||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings | $ | 28,663 | $ | 31,065 | $ | (2,402 | ) | (8 | )% | |||
Long-term notes | 22,158 | 17,285 | 4,873 | 28 | ||||||||
Other liabilities | 2,879 | 2,852 | 27 | 1 | ||||||||
Total liabilities | 53,700 | 51,202 | 2,498 | 5 | ||||||||
Stockholders' equity before treasury stock | 4,290 | 3,750 | 540 | 14 | ||||||||
Common stock held in treasury at cost | 2,465 | 2,078 | 387 | 19 | ||||||||
Total stockholders' equity | 1,825 | 1,672 | 153 | 9 | ||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 55,525 | $ | 52,874 | $ | 2,651 | 5 | % | ||||
20
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
EARNINGS SUMMARY
For the three months ended September 30, 2002, the Company had a net loss of $(62) million ($(.42) diluted earnings per share), versus a net loss of $(194) million ($(1.25) diluted earnings per share) in the third quarter of 2001. The net losses in the third quarter of 2002 and the year-ago quarter were principally due to the net impact of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133 ("SFAS 133"), "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," which resulted in a net after-tax mark-to-market loss of $238 million in the third quarter of 2002, compared to a net after-tax mark-to-market loss of $359 million in the third quarter of 2001. Exclusive of the SFAS 133 mark-to-market losses, the Company's net income increased by $10 million for the three months ended September 30, 2002 versus 2001. This was mainly due to the $24 million after-tax increase in net interest income after provision for losses, a reduction in operating expenses and an increase in guarantor servicing and collection fees partially offset by an increase in losses on sales of securities by $24 million.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2002, the Company's net income was $486 million ($3.01 diluted earnings per share), versus net income of $118 million ($.66 diluted earnings per share) for the nine months ended September 30, 2001. The increase in year-to-date 2002 net income versus year-to-date 2001 net income was mainly attributable to an increase in after-tax floor revenue from its on-balance sheet student loans of $90 million and to the net impact of SFAS 133, which resulted in a net after-tax mark-to-market loss of $165 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2002, compared to a net after-tax mark-to-market loss of $393 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2001. The increase in net income was also due to an increase in after-tax servicing and securitization revenue of $41 million, an increase in after-tax securitization gains of $14 million, and an after-tax increase in guarantor servicing and collection fees of $35 million, primarily attributable to the acquisitions of two collection fee companies. These year-to-date 2002 increases to net income were partially offset by additional after-tax losses on sales of securities of $55 million over the year-ago period.
During the third quarter of 2002, the Company securitized $2.8 billion of student loans in two transactions and recorded after-tax securitization gains of $12 million. In comparison, during the third quarter of 2001, the Company securitized $1.5 billion of student loans in one transaction and recorded an after-tax securitization gain of $18 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2002, the Company securitized $7.8 billion in five separate transactions and recorded after-tax securitization gains of $49 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2001, the Company securitized $4.9 billion in three separate transactions and recorded after-tax securitization gains of $36 million.
NET INTEREST INCOME
Net interest income is derived largely from the Company's portfolio of student loans that remain on-balance sheet. The "Taxable Equivalent Net Interest Income" analysis set forth below is designed to facilitate a comparison of non-taxable asset yields to taxable yields on a similar basis. Additional information regarding the return on the Company's student loan portfolio is set forth under "Student LoansStudent Loan Spread Analysis."
Taxable equivalent net interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2002 versus the three months ended September 30, 2001 increased by $59 million while the net interest margin increased by 46 basis points. The increase in taxable equivalent net interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2002 is principally due to the lower interest rate environment which led to an increase of $20 million in floor revenue (see "Student Loan Spread Analysis") to $40 million for the three months ended September 30, 2002. The increase in taxable equivalent net interest income is also due to the $3.7 billion increase in the average balance of student loans over the year-ago quarter.
21
The increase in the net interest margin for the third quarter of 2002 versus the third quarter of 2001 is principally due to an increase in floor revenue and the six percent increase in the average balance of higher yielding student loans as a percentage of total average earning assets, partially offset by a lower return on the investment portfolio. The decrease in net interest income related to volume is due to the refinancing of lower cost short-term debt with longer-term debt.
Taxable equivalent net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 versus the nine months ended September 30, 2001 increased by $225 million while the net interest margin increased by 60 basis points. The increase in taxable equivalent net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 versus the year-ago period is principally due to an increase of $139 million in floor revenue to $197 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 and to the $3.3 billion increase in the average balance of student loans. The 60 basis point increase in net interest margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 versus 2001 is due to the increase in floor revenue, and to the six percent increase in the average balance of higher yielding student loans as a percentage of total average earning assets.
Taxable Equivalent Net Interest Income
The amounts in the following table are adjusted for the impact of certain tax-exempt and tax-advantaged investments based on the marginal corporate tax rate of 35 percent.
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Increase (decrease) |
Nine months ended September 30, |
Increase (decrease) |
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
$ |
% |
2002 |
2001 |
$ |
% |
|||||||||||||||
Interest income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Student loans | $ | 505 | $ | 592 | $ | (87 | ) | (15 | )% | $ | 1,573 | $ | 1,979 | $ | (406 | ) | (21 | )% | |||||
Warehousing advances/ academic facilities financings | 14 | 23 | (9 | ) | (40 | ) | 48 | 77 | (29 | ) | (38 | ) | |||||||||||
Investments | 36 | 84 | (48 | ) | (57 | ) | 131 | 313 | (182 | ) | (58 | ) | |||||||||||
Taxable equivalent adjustment | 7 | 5 | 2 | 52 | 17 | 11 | 6 | 47 | |||||||||||||||
Total taxable equivalent interest income | 562 | 704 | (142 | ) | (20 | ) | 1,769 | 2,380 | (611 | ) | (26 | ) | |||||||||||
Interest expense | 301 | 502 | (201 | ) | (40 | ) | 928 | 1,764 | (836 | ) | (47 | ) | |||||||||||
Taxable equivalent net interest income | $ | 261 | $ | 202 | $ | 59 | 29 | % | $ | 841 | $ | 616 | $ | 225 | 36 | % | |||||||
22
Average Balance Sheets
The following table reflects the rates earned on interest earning assets and paid on interest bearing liabilities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001.
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Balance |
Rate |
Balance |
Rate |
Balance |
Rate |
Balance |
Rate |
|||||||||||||
Average Assets | |||||||||||||||||||||
Student loans | $ | 43,862 | 4.56 | % | $ | 40,180 | 5.84 | % | $ | 42,835 | 4.91 | % | $ | 39,526 | 6.69 | % | |||||
Warehousing advances/academic facilities financings | 1,044 | 6.13 | 1,721 | 6.10 | 1,294 | 5.66 | 1,773 | 6.49 | |||||||||||||
Investments | 4,458 | 3.73 | 6,818 | 5.01 | 5,053 | 3.73 | 7,359 | 5.73 | |||||||||||||
Total interest earning assets | 49,364 | 4.52 | % | 48,719 | 5.74 | % | 49,182 | 4.81 | % | 48,658 | 6.54 | % | |||||||||
Non-interest earning assets | 4,385 | 4,428 | 4,658 | 4,321 | |||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 53,749 | $ | 53,147 | $ | 53,840 | $ | 52,979 | |||||||||||||
Average Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||
Six month floating rate notes | $ | 3,062 | 1.77 | % | $ | 4,011 | 3.82 | % | $ | 2,994 | 1.86 | % | $ | 4,387 | 4.64 | % | |||||
Other short-term borrowings | 25,965 | 2.01 | 29,818 | 3.88 | 27,580 | 2.13 | 32,310 | 4.69 | |||||||||||||
Long-term notes | 20,492 | 3.01 | 15,529 | 4.38 | 19,099 | 3.14 | 12,716 | 5.04 | |||||||||||||
Total interest bearing liabilities | 49,519 | 2.41 | % | 49,358 | 4.03 | % | 49,673 | 2.50 | % | 49,413 | 4.77 | % | |||||||||
Non-interest bearing liabilities | 2,450 | 2,367 | 2,337 | 2,175 | |||||||||||||||||
Stockholders' equity | 1,780 | 1,422 | 1,830 | 1,391 | |||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 53,749 | $ | 53,147 | $ | 53,840 | $ | 52,979 | |||||||||||||
Net interest margin | 2.11 | % | 1.65 | % | 2.29 | % | 1.69 | % | |||||||||||||
Rate/Volume Analysis
The Rate/Volume Analysis below shows the relative contribution of changes in interest rates and asset volumes.
|
|
Increase (decrease) attributable to change in |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Taxable equivalent increase (decrease) |
|||||||||
|
Rate |
Volume |
||||||||
Three months ended September 30, 2002 vs. three months ended September 30, 2001 | ||||||||||
Taxable equivalent interest income | $ | (142 | ) | $ | (152 | ) | $ | 10 | ||
Interest expense | (201 | ) | (215 | ) | 14 | |||||
Taxable equivalent net interest income | $ | 59 | $ | 63 | $ | (4 | ) | |||
Nine months ended September 30, 2002 vs. nine months ended September 30, 2001 |
||||||||||
Taxable equivalent interest income | $ | (611 | ) | $ | (648 | ) | $ | 37 | ||
Interest expense | (836 | ) | (891 | ) | 55 | |||||
Taxable equivalent net interest income | $ | 225 | $ | 243 | $ | (18 | ) | |||
23
Student Loans
Student loans, consisting of federally insured student loans, private credit student loans and student loan participations are carried at their purchase price, which includes unamortized premiums. Premiums paid to acquire student loans are included in the carrying value of the student loan. These purchased premiums are amortized over the estimated life of the loan as a yield adjustment to interest income from student loans. When student loans are sold in a securitization, the unamortized premium relating to such loans is included in the carrying value and is eliminated as part of the gain calculation (see "Securitization Program"). Origination fees charged on private credit student loans are deferred and in effect become a student loan discount. This discount is amortized to income over the lives of the student loans. In the table below, this amortization is netted with the amortization of the premiums.
Student Loan Spread Analysis
The following table analyzes the reported earnings from student loans both on-balance sheet and those off-balance sheet in securitization trusts. For student loans on-balance sheet, the Company pays a 105 basis point annual rebate fee on consolidation loans and a 30 basis point annual offset fee unique to the GSE on Stafford and PLUS student loans purchased and held on or after August 10, 1993. These fees are netted against student loan interest income in the consolidated statements of income. The Company earns servicing fee revenue over the life of the securitized student loan portfolios which, along with the residual interest earned on the off-balance sheet loans, constitute servicing and securitization revenue. (See "Securitization ProgramServicing and Securitization Revenue.")
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||
On-Balance Sheet | |||||||||||||
Student loan yields, before floor revenue | 4.91 | % | 6.37 | % | 5.08 | % | 7.21 | % | |||||
Floor revenue | .37 | .20 | .61 | .19 | |||||||||
Consolidation loan rebate fees | (.41 | ) | (.30 | ) | (.38 | ) | (.29 | ) | |||||
Offset fees | (.09 | ) | (.13 | ) | (.10 | ) | (.13 | ) | |||||
Borrower benefits | (.08 | ) | (.07 | ) | (.08 | ) | (.07 | ) | |||||
Premium and origination fee amortization | (.14 | ) | (.23 | ) | (.22 | ) | (.22 | ) | |||||
Student loan income | 4.56 | 5.84 | 4.91 | 6.69 | |||||||||
Student loan cost of funds | (2.25 | ) | (3.93 | ) | (2.42 | ) | (4.87 | ) | |||||
Student loan spread | 2.31 | % | 1.91 | % | 2.49 | % | 1.82 | % | |||||
Off-Balance Sheet |
|||||||||||||
Servicing and securitization revenue, before floor revenue | 1.34 | % | 1.29 | % | 1.17 | % | 1.36 | % | |||||
Floor revenue on securitized loans | .13 | .21 | .92 | .53 | |||||||||
Servicing and securitization revenue | 1.47 | % | 1.50 | % | 2.09 | % | 1.89 | % | |||||
Average Balances |
|||||||||||||
On-balance sheet student loans | $ | 43,862 | $ | 40,180 | $ | 42,835 | $ | 39,526 | |||||
Securitized student loans | 32,705 | 31,370 | 31,790 | 30,631 | |||||||||
Managed student loans | $ | 76,567 | $ | 71,550 | $ | 74,625 | $ | 70,157 | |||||
24
Floor Revenue
The Company's portfolio of student loans originated under the FFELP has a variety of unique interest rate characteristics. The Company generally earns interest at the greater of the borrower's rate or a floating rate calculated as a fixed spread over the applicable index depending on when the loan was originated. When the floating rate exceeds the borrower rate, that difference is paid directly to the Company by the Department of Education in the form of a Special Allowance Payment ("SAP"). If the resulting floating rate is less than the rate the borrower is obligated to pay, the Company simply earns interest at the borrower rate. In all cases, the rate a borrower pays sets a minimum floor rate for determining the yield the Company earns on the loan. Borrowers' interest rates are either fixed to term or are reset annually on July 1 of each year depending on when the loan was originated or the type of loan.
The Company generally finances its student loan portfolio with floating rate debt using indices that are intended to mimic the interest rate characteristics of the student loans. Unlike the student loans they are funding, such borrowings, in general, are variable over all interest rate levels and as a result, in periods of declining interest rate environments, the portfolio of managed student loans may be earning at the borrower rate while the Company's funding costs (exclusive of fluctuations in funding spreads) continue to decline along with short-term interest rates. This results in an increase in the student loan spread which the Company refers to as "floor revenue." Student loans whose borrower's interest rate is fixed to term may earn floor revenue for an extended period of time. Student loans whose borrower's interest rate is reset annually may only earn floor revenue through the next annual reset of the borrower's interest rate, which occurs on July 1 of each year. Floor revenue is included in student loan income for on-balance sheet student loans and is principally included in servicing and securitization revenue for off-balance sheet student loans.
Due to the low average Treasury bill and commercial paper rates during 2002, the Company earned $40 million of floor revenue in the third quarter of 2002 on on-balance sheet loans, net of payments under floor revenue contracts (see "Student Loan Floor Revenue Contracts"), of which $39 million was attributable to student loans with borrower rates fixed to term and $1 million was attributable to student loans with borrower rates adjusting annually. In comparison, in the third quarter of 2001, the Company earned floor revenue of $20 million, net of payments under floor revenue contracts, of which $14 million was attributable to student loans with borrower rates fixed to term and $6 million was attributable to student loans with borrower rates adjusting annually.
The 40 basis point increase in the student loan spread in the third quarter of 2002 versus the year-ago period is due to the 17 basis point increase in floor revenue that was mainly driven by the increase in consolidation loans. The increase in the student loan spread was also due to the 7 basis point reduction in the premium amortization caused by the reclassification of origination fees (see "Activity in the Allowance for Loan Losses"), an increase in the percentage of higher yielding non-federally guaranteed loans and a decrease in the student loan cost of funds.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2002, the Company earned floor revenue of $197 million, net of payments under floor revenue contracts, of which $90 million was attributable to student loans with borrower rates fixed to term and $107 million was attributable to student loans with borrower rates adjusting annually on July 1. For the nine months ended September 30, 2001, the Company earned floor revenue of $58 million, net of payments under floor revenue contracts, of which $29 million was attributable to student loans with borrower rates fixed to term and $29 million was attributable to student loans with borrower rates adjusting annually on July 1. The 67 basis point increase in the on-balance sheet student loan spread for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 versus the year-ago period is primarily due to the 42 basis point increase in floor revenue and to a decrease in the cost of funds.
25
The following table presents the ability of the FFELP student loans in the Company's on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet student loan portfolio to earn floor revenue at September 30, 2002 and 2001, based on current interest rates versus the last Treasury bill auctions applicable to those periods (1.57 percent and 2.43 percent, respectively, for fixed and variable rate loans). Commercial paper rate ("CP rate") loans are based upon the last commercial paper rate applicable to those periods (1.76 percent and 2.46 percent, respectively).
|
September 30, 2002 |
September 30, 2001 |
||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Fixed Borrower Rate |
Annually Reset Borrower Rate |
Total |
Fixed Borrower Rate |
Annually Reset Borrower Rate |
Total |
||||||||||||||
(Dollars in billions) |
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Student loans eligible to earn floor revenue: | ||||||||||||||||||||
On-balance sheet student loans | $ | 19.9 | $ | 13.3 | $ | 33.2 | $ | 13.9 | $ | 15.1 | $ | 29.0 | ||||||||
Off-balance sheet student loans | 2.8 | 26.5 | 29.3 | 3.2 | 25.5 | 28.7 | ||||||||||||||
Managed student loans eligible to earn floor revenue | 22.7 | 39.8 | 62.5 | 17.1 | 40.6 | 57.7 | ||||||||||||||
Less notional amount of floor revenue contracts | (16.5 | ) | | (16.5 | ) | (12.7 | ) | (5.0 | ) | (17.7 | ) | |||||||||
Net managed student loans eligible to earn floor revenue | $ | 6.2 | $ | 39.8 | $ | 46.0 | $ | 4.4 | $ | 35.6 | $ | 40.0 | ||||||||
Managed student loans earning floor revenue | $ | 9.8 | $ | 20.3 | $ | 30.1 | $ | 4.4 | $ | 35.6 | $ | 40.0 | ||||||||
Student Loan Floor Revenue Contracts
The Company has entered into contracts with third parties to monetize the value of the floor revenue of its portfolio of FFELP student loans. Under these contracts, referred to as "floor revenue contracts," the Company receives an upfront cash payment and agrees to pay the difference between (1) the borrower interest rate less the applicable SAP spread ("the strike rate") and (2) the average of the index over the period of the contract. If the strike rate is less than the average of the index, then no payment is required.
With the adoption of SFAS 133 on January 1, 2001, the upfront payments from floor revenue contracts are no longer amortized to student loan income, but are reported as a component of the derivative valuation in other liabilities. At September 30, 2002, the notional amount of floor revenue contracts totaled $16.5 billion of which $4.4 billion are forward starting contracts.
Activity in the Allowance for Loan Losses
The provision for loan losses represents the periodic expense of maintaining an allowance sufficient to absorb losses, net of recoveries, inherent in the portfolio of student loans. The Company separately evaluates the adequacy of the provision for losses on its federally insured portfolio of student loans and its private credit portfolio. The loan loss reserve attributable to federally insured loans consists of two components: a reserve for the two percent of the outstanding principal and interest that is not insured by the federal government ("risk-sharing reserve") and a reserve for rejected guarantor claims losses ("rejected claims reserve"), mainly caused by servicing defects. The risk-sharing reserve is an estimate based on the amount of loans subject to risk-sharing and on the historical experience of losses. The rejected claims reserve is based on an analysis of the historic levels of rejected claims and subsequent cures. Since FFELP loans are guaranteed as to both principal and interest, they continue to accrue interest until such time that they are paid by the guarantor. Once a student loan is rejected for claim payment, the Company's policy is to continue to pursue the recovery of principal and interest, either by curing the reject or collecting from the borrower. The Company attempts to cure the reject by engaging in extensive collection efforts including repeated and methodical mail and phone contact with borrowers and co-borrowers. The Company has a history of
26
successfully curing rejected claims in two years; it is therefore the Company's policy to charge off a rejected claim once it has aged two years.
When determining the allowance for loan losses of the private credit portfolio of student loans, the Company primarily considers recent trends in delinquencies, charge-offs and recoveries, historical trends in loan volume by program, economic conditions and credit and underwriting policies. A large percentage of the Company's private credit loans have not matured to a point at which predictable loan loss patterns have developed. The Company utilizes historic data as well as industry-based loss data by delinquency status (current, greater than 30 days, greater than 60 days, etc.) to establish its reserve amount. The Company uses this information to estimate the likelihood of loss on loans with similar characteristics, such as the tendency for a borrower who is greater than 60 days delinquent to default. For those private credit products guaranteed by the Company's HICA subsidiary, loans are charged off when HICA pays the claim, which occurs on approximately day 270 of delinquency. Additionally, SLM Financial charges off loans once they are greater than 210 days delinquent. This policy is consistent with the history experienced to date and is periodically reconsidered by management as trends develop. Loans continue to accrue interest until they are charged off and removed from the active portfolio.
The evaluation of the provision for loan losses is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant changes. Management believes that the provision for loan losses is adequate to cover probable losses in the student loan portfolio.
The Company receives certain fees related to originated loans at both origination and the commencement of repayment. These origination fees are charged to cover, in part, anticipated loan losses. Such fees are deferred and recognized into income as a component of interest over the average life of the related pool of loans. Prior to the second quarter of 2002, the Company reflected the unamortized balance as a component of the allowance for loan losses. During the current quarter, the Company recorded $9 million to deferred origination fee revenue, net of amortization. The unamortized balance of deferred origination fee revenue at September 30, 2002 was $81 million.
An analysis of the Company's allowance for loan losses is presented in the following table (dollars in millions).
27
Allowance for Student Loan Losses:
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
||||||||||||
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 230 | $ | 235 | $ | 265 | $ | 227 | ||||||||
Provision for student loan losses: | ||||||||||||||||
Private credit loans | 32 | 18 | 64 | 28 | ||||||||||||
Federally insured loans: | ||||||||||||||||
Rejected claims | | | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||
Risk-sharing | 1 | 7 | 13 | 22 | ||||||||||||
Total federally insured loans | 1 | 7 | 16 | 23 | ||||||||||||
Total provision for student loan losses | 33 | 25 | 80 | 51 | ||||||||||||
Other | | 4 | (47 | ) | 16 | |||||||||||
Charge-offs: | ||||||||||||||||
Private credit loans | (32 | ) | (11 | ) | (59 | ) | (30 | ) | ||||||||
Federally insured loans | (2 | ) | (5 | ) | (8 | ) | (11 | ) | ||||||||
Total charge-offs | (34 | ) | (16 | ) | (67 | ) | (41 | ) | ||||||||
Recoveries: | ||||||||||||||||
Private credit loans | 6 | 1 | 8 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Federally insured loans | | 2 | 1 | 5 | ||||||||||||
Total recoveries | 6 | 3 | 9 | 7 | ||||||||||||
Net charge-offs | (28 | ) | (13 | ) | (58 | ) | (34 | ) | ||||||||
Reduction for sale of student loans | (3 | ) | (3 | ) | (8 | ) | (12 | ) | ||||||||
Balance at end of period | $ | 232 | $ | 248 | $ | 232 | $ | 248 | ||||||||
Allocation of the allowance for student loan losses: | ||||||||||||||||
Private credit loans | $ | 173 | $ | 195 | $ | 173 | $ | 195 | ||||||||
Federally insured loans | 59 | 53 | 59 | 53 | ||||||||||||
Total allowance for student loan losses | $ | 232 | $ | 248 | $ | 232 | $ | 248 | ||||||||
Deferred origination fee revenue | $ | 81 | $ | | $ | 81 | $ | | ||||||||
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average student loans | .25 | % | .13 | % | .18 | % | .12 | % | ||||||||
Total allowance as a percentage of average student loans | .53 | % | .62 | % | .54 | % | .63 | % | ||||||||
Total allowance as a percentage of ending student loans | .52 | % | .61 | % | .52 | % | .61 | % | ||||||||
Private credit allowance as a percentage of the ending balance of private credit loans | 3.0 | % | 4.7 | % | 3.0 | % | 4.7 | % | ||||||||
Private credit allowance plus deferred origination fee revenue as a percentage of the ending balance of private credit loans | 4.4 | % | 4.7 | % | 4.4 | % | 4.7 | % | ||||||||
Average student loans | $ | 43,862 | $ | 40,180 | $ | 42,835 | $ | 39,526 | ||||||||
Ending student loans | $ | 44,466 | $ | 40,644 | $ | 44,466 | $ | 40,644 | ||||||||
Ending balance of private credit student loans | $ | 5,632 | $ | 3,956 | $ | 5,632 | $ | 3,956 |
28
The increase in the provision for loan losses of $8 million and $29 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 versus the same period in 2001 is primarily attributable to a 42 percent increase in volume of private credit student loans from the previous periods. The Company periodically re-evaluates the requirements for its provision for loan losses. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002, private credit loan charge-offs increased by $21 million and $29 million, respectively, over the year-ago periods, which is primarily attributable to $17 million for charge-offs of loans that defaulted in prior quarters.
On-Balance Sheet Funding Costs
The Company's borrowings are generally variable-rate indexed principally to the 91-day Treasury bill, commercial paper, LIBOR, 52-week Treasury bill, or the constant maturity Treasury rate. The following table summarizes the average balance of on-balance sheet debt (by index, after giving effect to the impact of interest rate swaps) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001.
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||||||||||
Index |
Average Balance |
Average Rate |
Average Balance |
Average Rate |
Average Balance |
Average Rate |
Average Balance |
Average Rate |
|||||||||||||
Treasury bill, principally 91-day | $ | 20,482 | 2.13 | % | $ | 34,029 | 3.86 | % | $ | 22,564 | 2.19 | % | $ | 32,233 | 4.54 | % | |||||
LIBOR | 2,626 | 2.20 | 2,082 | 4.04 | 2,220 | 2.23 | 1,967 | 5.04 | |||||||||||||
Discount notes | 6,274 | 1.84 | 3,634 | 3.66 | 7,018 | 1.96 | 7,341 | 5.03 | |||||||||||||
Fixed | 6,704 | 4.63 | 5,627 | 5.31 | 6,805 | 4.91 | 4,781 | 5.73 | |||||||||||||
Zero coupon | 217 | 11.14 | 194 | 11.14 | 211 | 11.14 | 189 | 11.14 | |||||||||||||
Commercial paper | 11,459 | 1.67 | 2,464 | 3.35 | 9,139 | 1.71 | 1,607 | 4.04 | |||||||||||||
Auction rate securities | 1,039 | 1.87 | 1,101 | 3.29 | 1,080 | 1.94 | 1,101 | 4.07 | |||||||||||||
Other | 718 | 1.79 | 227 | 4.41 | 636 | 1.65 | 194 | 4.82 | |||||||||||||
Total | $ | 49,519 | 2.41 | % | $ | 49,358 | 4.03 | % | $ | 49,673 | 2.50 | % | $ | 49,413 | 4.77 | % | |||||
Securitization Program
Retained Interest and Gains on Student Loan Securitizations
The Company finances its loan holdings in part through the sale of loans to securitization trusts. The Company retains an interest in the securitization receivables consisting of a residual interest and, in some cases, a cash reserve account. Upon the sale of the loans, the Company determines the fair value of the residual interest asset by estimating the discounted net cash flows from the securitized portfolio of student loans. The net cash flows are derived from the interest earned on the securitized portfolio of student loans less the principal and interest payments on the asset-backed securities, servicing costs and administration expenses. Since quoted market prices are generally not available for retained interests, the Company estimates the fair value on a quarterly basis using several key assumptions, which include:
29
The retained interest is treated as an available-for-sale security and is marked-to-market through other comprehensive income. The balance of the retained interest was $1.8 billion and $1.9 billion at September 30, 2002 and December 31, 2001, respectively.
Upon sale of loans, the Company recognizes a gain or loss. To calculate this gain or loss, the Company allocates the carrying amount of the financial assets involved in the transfer between the assets sold and the retained interests based on their relative fair values at the date of transfer. The gain is then the difference between the fair value of the assets securitized and their carrying value after the allocation.
For the three months ended September 30, 2002, the Company sold $2.8 billion of student loans in two securitization transactions and recorded pre-tax securitization gains of $18 million or 0.63 percent of the portfolios securitized. In the third quarter of 2001, the Company sold $1.5 billion of student loans in one securitization transaction and recorded a pre-tax securitization gain of $27 million or 1.74 percent of the portfolios securitized. The decrease in the gain percentage in the three months ended September 30, 2002 versus the corresponding year-ago period is primarily due to the change in the constant prepayment rate ("CPR") assumption described below, and to reductions in the estimated floor value.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2002, the Company sold $7.8 billion of student loans in five securitization transactions and securitized $30 million through the recycling provisions of prior securitizations. For these transactions, the Company recorded pre-tax securitization gains of $76 million or 0.96 percent of the portfolios securitized. In the nine months ended September 30, 2001, the Company sold $4.9 billion of student loans in three securitization transactions and recorded pre-tax securitization gains of $55 million or 1.12 percent of the portfolios securitized. The decrease in the gain percentage in the three months ended September 30, 2002 versus the corresponding year-ago period is primarily due to the change in the CPR assumption described below, and to reductions in the estimated floor value. Gains on future securitizations will continue to vary depending on the size and the loan characteristics of the loan portfolios securitized and the funding costs prevailing in the securitization debt markets at the time of the transactions.
Because of a historically low interest rate environment, the Company has experienced an increase in loan consolidation activity. In situations where the Company consolidates a securitized loan, the loan is treated as a prepayment within the securitization trust, which decreases the present value of future expected cash flows of the assets securitized. While the Company cannot be assured that the higher consolidation loan rates will continue, management believes that it is probable and as a result, in the second quarter of 2002, the Company increased the estimated CPR used to calculate the residual interest market value and the securitization gain on new transactions from 7 percent to 9 percent per annum. As a result of this change in the CPR, the Company recorded a $38 million other than temporary impairment, which was recognized through securitization revenue in the second quarter of 2002, and a $34 million after-tax unrealized loss, which was recorded in second quarter other comprehensive income as a component of equity. The change in the CPR assumption also reduced the gains on the loan portfolios securitized during the third quarter relative to previous transactions.
At September 30, 2002 and December 31, 2001, securitized student loans outstanding totaled $32.6 billion and $30.7 billion, respectively.
Embedded Floor Revenue
The embedded floor revenue associated with the securitized portfolio is earned in the same manner as floor revenue in the on-balance sheet portfolio. Thus, in declining interest rate environments, the loans within a securitization trust may be earning at a fixed borrower rate while the floating interest paid on the bonds and certificates issued by the securitization trust declines along with short-term interest rates. The fair value of the floor revenue embedded in the trusts is determined from
30
pricing models that consider the current borrower rate, underlying SAP spreads and remaining term of the underlying loans, as well as time value, yield curve and volatility factors.
The following table summarizes the fair value of the embedded floor revenue included in the residual interest balance as of September 30, 2002 and December 31, 2001 (dollars in millions):
|
September 30, 2002 |
December 31, 2001 |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Loans with fixed borrower rates | $ | 385 | $ | 238 | ||
Loans with annual reset borrower rates | 71 | 247 | ||||
Total fair value of embedded floor revenue associated with securitized student loans | $ | 456 | $ | 485 | ||
The decrease in the fair value of the embedded floor revenue was due mainly to the lower future floor revenue potential from annual reset loans at September 30, 2002 versus December 31, 2001. This was due to the decline in interest rates in the second half of 2001 being greater than the decline in rates in the third quarter of 2002. As a result, the annual reset loans at December 31, 2001 had a higher floor revenue potential for the period January 1, 2002 through June 30, 2002 than the annual reset loans at September 30, 2002 whose rates reset on July 1, 2002 for the period October 1, 2002 to June 30, 2003. The actual embedded floor revenue realized through the residual interest is recorded as securitization revenue. As of September 30, 2002, the fair value of the embedded floor revenues from annual reset loans of $71 million reflects the floor revenue potential from the borrower rate reset based on a Treasury bill rate of 1.76 percent and the expected level of interest rates through June 30, 2003. As of December 31, 2001, the fair value of the embedded floor revenues from annual reset loans of $247 million reflects the floor revenue potential from the borrower rate reset based on a Treasury bill rate of 3.69% and the then expected level of interest rates through June 30, 2002. The increase in the fair value of the embedded floor revenues associated with loans with fixed borrower rates from December 31, 2001 to September 30, 2002 was due to declining levels of interest rates during the period.
At September 30, 2002 and December 31, 2001, the Company held in its investment portfolio $1.2 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively, of asset-backed securities issued by the Company's securitization trusts. The Company purchased these securities in the secondary market.
Servicing and Securitization Revenue
Servicing and securitization revenue is the ongoing revenue from securitized loan pools, and includes both the revenue the Company receives for servicing loans in the securitization trusts and the income earned on the retained interest. The following table summarizes the components of servicing and securitization revenue:
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
||||||||
Servicing revenue | $ | 71 | $ | 67 | $ | 207 | $ | 197 | ||||
Securitization revenue, before floor revenue | 39 | 35 | 71 | 115 | ||||||||
Floor revenue on securitized loans | 11 | 17 | 218 | 121 | ||||||||
Total servicing and securitization revenue | $ | 121 | $ | 119 | $ | 496 | $ | 433 | ||||
In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002, servicing and securitization revenue was 1.47 percent and 2.09 percent, respectively, of average securitized loans versus 1.50 percent and 1.89 percent, respectively, in the corresponding year-ago periods. The increase in servicing and
31
securitization revenue as a percentage of the average balance of securitized student loans in the nine months ended September 30, 2002 versus the corresponding year-ago period is principally due to higher floor revenues earned primarily in the first half of 2002 prior to the reset of certain student loans on July 1, 2002.
OTHER INCOME
Losses on Sales of Securities, Net
The losses on sales of securities were $63 million and $25 million for the three months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001, respectively, and $188 million and $104 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The Company utilizes futures to economically hedge portions of the floor revenue embedded in the student loan asset. These derivatives are not considered effective hedges under SFAS 133 and consequently are marked-to-market through the derivative mark-to-market valuation account in other income. When the futures expire or are terminated, the realized change in the value of the contract is recorded as a gain or loss on sales of securities. In connection with futures contracts hedging floor revenue, the Company recorded losses on sales of securities of $38 million and $108 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002, respectively. In addition, the Company recorded losses on sales of securities of $10 million and $31 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002, respectively, for other terminated or expired derivative contracts. During the first nine months of 2002, the Company refinanced certain higher cost funding and simultaneously extended its terms. In this process certain derivative positions that were matched with the refinanced debt were closed and losses of $38 million were recorded.
The Company also may sell available-for-sale investments resulting in a one-time charge recorded as a gain or loss on sales of securities.
Guarantor Servicing Fees, Collection Fees and Other Income
Revenue from guarantor servicing fees, collection fees and other sources totaled $139 million and $144 million for the three months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001, respectively, and $384 million and $383 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Other income mainly includes guarantor servicing and collection fees, late fees earned on student loans, revenue received from servicing third party portfolios of student loans, and commitment fees for letters of credit.
The following table summarizes the components of other income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001:
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
||||||||
Guarantor servicing and collection fees | $ | 85 | $ | 76 | $ | 243 | $ | 189 | ||||
Late fees | 14 | 12 | 43 | 40 | ||||||||
Third party servicing fees | 15 | 17 | 42 | 58 | ||||||||
Other | 25 | 39 | 56 | 96 | ||||||||
Total guarantor servicing fees, collection fees, and other income | $ | 139 | $ | 144 | $ | 384 | $ | 383 | ||||
The increase in guarantor servicing and collection fees in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 versus the corresponding year-ago periods was principally due to the acquisitions of two collection companies in the first quarter of 2002 and to the growth in guarantor servicing and collection businesses. This growth was partially offset by a change in accounting for origination
32
processing fees in the guarantor servicing business, which resulted in a deferral of $15 million in origination fees from the third quarter of 2002 into the fourth quarter of 2002 and the first quarter of 2003.
OPERATING EXPENSES
The following table summarizes the components of operating expenses:
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
||||||||
Servicing and acquisition expenses | $ | 121 | $ | 113 | $ | 354 | $ | 308 | ||||
General and administrative expenses excluding goodwill and intangible amortization | 47 | 60 | 138 | 182 | ||||||||
Goodwill and intangible amortization | 6 | 11 | 17 | 32 | ||||||||
Total operating expenses | $ | 174 | $ | 184 | $ | 509 | $ | 522 | ||||
Operating expenses include costs to service the Company's managed student loan portfolio, operational costs incurred in the process of acquiring student loan portfolios, general and administrative expenses and operational costs associated with its guarantor servicing and collections operations. The increase in servicing and acquisition expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 versus the year-ago periods was principally the result of additional operating expenses associated with the acquisitions of two collection fee companies. This increase was partially offset by productivity improvements. The decrease in general and administrative expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 versus the year-ago periods was principally due to productivity improvements in the Company's operations, and the sale of the student information software business.
FEDERAL AND STATE TAXES
The Company is subject to federal and state taxes, while the GSE is exempt from all state, local, and District of Columbia income, franchise, sales and use, personal property and other taxes, except for real property taxes. This tax exemption applies only to the GSE and does not apply to SLM Corporation or its other operating subsidiaries. The Company's effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 was 35 percent versus 38 percent in the year-ago period. State taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 increased the Company's effective tax rate by 2 percent versus an increase of 9 percent in the year-ago period. Tax-exempt interest and tax credits decreased the Company's effective tax rate by a combined 2 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 versus a decrease of 6 percent in the year-ago period. The Company's effective tax rate is heavily influenced by the level of income before income taxes.
EFFECTS OF SFAS 133
SFAS 133 requires that changes in the fair value of derivative instruments be recognized currently in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. The Company's derivatives are effective economic hedges and are a critical element of the Company's interest rate risk management strategy. However, under SFAS 133, some of the Company's derivatives, primarily basis swaps and floor revenue contracts, are not considered effective hedges because they do not extend to the full term of the hedged item and are therefore required to be marked-to-market. Basis swaps are used to convert the floating rate debt from one interest rate index to another to match the interest rate characteristics of the assets.
33
Floor revenue contracts monetize the value of the floor rate feature of the Company's portfolio of FFELP student loans as the Company receives an upfront cash payment in exchange for the payment of the floor revenue earned on the notional amount of student loans over the life of the contract. These ineffective hedges are treated as "trading" for GAAP purposes and the period to period change in their market value is reflected in GAAP earnings.
The table below quantifies the net impact of derivative accounting for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001. This table also shows the effect of the Company's pre-SFAS 133 accounting for floor revenue contracts whereby these contracts are accounted for as economic hedges and the upfront cash payments are amortized over the lives of the contracts.
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
||||||||||
Net Impact of Derivative Accounting: | ||||||||||||||
Derivative market value adjustment in other income | $ | (366 | ) | $ | (553 | ) | $ | (255 | ) | $ | (604 | ) | ||
Amortization of derivative items included in other comprehensive income at transition | | 13 | (1 | ) | 38 | |||||||||
Amortization of premiums on floor and cap hedges in net interest income | (24 | ) | (29 | ) | (89 | ) | (55 | ) | ||||||
Amortization of floor revenue contracts de-designated as effective hedges on December 31, 2000 in net interest income | (2 | ) | (3 | ) | (8 | ) | (10 | ) | ||||||
Impact of Eurodollar futures contracts in net interest income | 2 | 5 | 13 | 14 | ||||||||||
Impact of Eurodollar futures contracts in loss on sales of securities | (10 | ) | (13 | ) | (31 | ) | (23 | ) | ||||||
Total net impact of derivative accounting | $ | (400 | ) | $ | (580 | ) | $ | (371 | ) | $ | (640 | ) | ||
The derivative market value adjustment is due to interest rate volatility and changing spreads during the period and the volume and term of derivatives not receiving hedge accounting treatment. Of the total derivative market value adjustment, the amount attributable to hedges of floor revenue including floor revenue contracts and Eurodollar futures contracts was $(372) million and $(440) million for the three months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001, respectively, and $(284) million and $(448) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001, respectively. In addition, basis swaps impacted the derivative market value adjustment by $(85) million and $(105) million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2001, respectively.
ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES
In addition to evaluating the Company on GAAP-based data, management, credit rating agencies, lenders and analysts also evaluate the Company on certain non-GAAP-based performance measures. These non-GAAP-based performance measures treat securitization transactions as financings versus sales. As such, the securitization gain on sale and subsequent servicing and securitization revenue is eliminated from income, and net interest income from securitized loans is recognized. These non-GAAP-based performance measures also eliminate the benefit of floor revenue and treat the Company's hedging transactions as effective hedges and exclude certain transactions that management does not consider as part of its core business, such as gains or losses on certain sales of securities and derivative contracts and changes in market value of goodwill and acquired intangible assets.
34
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001, these non-GAAP performance measures are as follows:
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
||||||||||
Non-GAAP Performance Measures: | ||||||||||||||
Treatment of securitizations as financings versus sales | $ | 10 | $ | 15 | $ | 30 | $ | 49 | ||||||
Floor income on managed loans | 51 | 42 | 424 | 181 | ||||||||||
Net impact of derivative accounting | (400 | ) | (580 | ) | (371 | ) | (640 | ) | ||||||
Losses on sales of securities | (49 | ) | (13 | ) | (154 | ) | (80 | ) | ||||||
Goodwill and intangible amortization | (6 | ) | (11 | ) | (17 | ) | (32 | ) |
Management believes this information provides additional insight into the financial performance of the Company's core business activities.
STUDENT LOAN ACQUISITIONS
The following table summarizes the components of the Company's student loan purchase and origination activity:
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
||||||||
Preferred channel | $ | 2,499 | $ | 2,277 | $ | 8,913 | $ | 7,850 | ||||
Other commitment clients | 297 | 269 | 759 | 776 | ||||||||
Spot purchases | 257 | 137 | 758 | 486 | ||||||||
Consolidations | 581 | 268 | 1,308 | 750 | ||||||||
Other | 208 | 290 | 744 | 870 | ||||||||
Subtotal | 3,842 | 3,241 | 12,482 | 10,732 | ||||||||
Managed loans acquired | 191 | 257 | 532 | 660 | ||||||||
Total | $ | 4,033 | $ | 3,498 | $ | 13,014 | $ | 11,392 | ||||
In the third quarter of 2002, the Company's preferred channel originations, which the Company defines as loans originated and serviced on the Company's servicing platform that are committed for sale to or owned from inception by the Company, totaled $3.9 billion versus $3.3 billion in the year-ago quarter. The pipeline of loans currently serviced and committed for purchase by the Company was $5.2 billion at September 30, 2002 versus $4.8 billion at September 30, 2001.
35
The following table summarizes the activity in the Company's managed portfolio of student loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001.
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||
Beginning balance | $ | 75,557 | $ | 70,783 | $ | 71,726 | $ | 67,515 | |||||
Acquisitions | 3,585 | 3,007 | 11,752 | 10,021 | |||||||||
Capitalized interest | 448 | 491 | 1,262 | 1,371 | |||||||||
Repayments, claims, other | (1,794 | ) | (1,862 | ) | (5,792 | ) | (5,531 | ) | |||||
Charge-offs to reserves and securitization trusts | (37 | ) | (21 | ) | (78 | ) | (54 | ) | |||||
Loans consolidated from SLM Corporation | (645 | ) | (569 | ) | (1,756 | ) | (1,493 | ) | |||||
Ending balance | $ | 77,114 | $ | 71,829 | $ | 77,114 | $ | 71,829 | |||||
LEVERAGED LEASES
The Company has investments in leveraged leases, net of impairment, at September 30, 2002 totaling $274 million, of which $264 million represent general obligations of major U.S. commercial airlines. The airline industry has been in a state of uncertainty since the events of September 11, 2001. All payment obligations remain current; however, the Company recognized an impairment charge of $9 million in the third quarter of 2002 for its leveraged leases that have United Airlines ("UAL") as a lessee based on the financial condition of UAL. In the event of default, any potential loss would be partially mitigated by recoveries on the sale of the aircraft collateral and elimination of $244 million of expected tax liabilities reflected in the balance sheet. Any potential loss would be increased by incremental tax obligations related to forgiveness of debt obligations and/or the taxable gain on the sale of the aircraft. The Company's expected residual values of the aircraft have been based upon appraisals performed during the second quarter of 2002, net of the impairment charge.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company's primary requirements for capital are to fund the Company's operations, to purchase and originate student loans, and to repay its debt obligations, while continuing to meet the GSE's statutory capital ratio test. The Company's primary sources of liquidity are through debt issuances by the GSE, off-balance sheet financings through securitizations, borrowings under the Company's commercial paper and medium term notes programs, other senior note issuances by the Company, and cash generated by its subsidiaries' operations and distributed through dividends to the Company. The Company's borrowings are broken down as follows:
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Average Balance |
Average Rate |
Average Balance |
Average Rate |
Average Balance |
Average Rate |
Average Balance |
Average Rate |
|||||||||||||
GSE | $ | 45,229 | 2.35 | % | $ | 47,378 | 4.02 | % | $ | 46,034 | 2.47 | % | $ | 47,736 | 4.76 | % | |||||
Non-GSE | 4,290 | 3.02 | 1,980 | 4.24 | 3,639 | 2.84 | 1,676 | 5.06 | |||||||||||||
Securitizations (off-balance sheet) | 32,975 | 2.45 | 30,840 | 4.27 | 31,827 | 2.71 | 30,466 | 5.10 | |||||||||||||
Total | $ | 82,494 | 2.42 | % | $ | 80,198 | 4.12 | % | $ | 81,500 | 2.58 | % | $ | 79,878 | 4.90 | % | |||||
The Company's unsecured financing requirements are driven by three principal factors: refinancing of existing liabilities as they mature; financing of student loan portfolio growth; and the Company's level of securitization activity.
36
During the first nine months of 2002, the Company used the net proceeds from student loan securitizations of $8.0 billion, net proceeds from the issuance of debt of $2.6 billion, and repayments and claim payments on student loans of $1.0 billion to fund the purchase of $12.5 billion of student loans.
Operating activities provided net cash of $242 million in the first nine months of 2002, a decrease of $245 million from net cash inflows of $487 million in the corresponding year-ago period. The decrease in cash from operations is mainly due to the timing of cash collections and payments at the end of the third quarter of 2002.
During the first nine months of 2002, the Company issued $16.7 billion of long-term notes, of which $13.2 billion was issued by the GSE and $3.5 billion was issued by SLM Corporation, to refund maturing and repurchased obligations. At September 30, 2002, the Company had $22.2 billion of outstanding long-term debt issues, of which $18.2 billion is an obligation of the GSE and $4.0 billion is an obligation of SLM Corporation. $4.2 billion of the GSE's long-term debt had stated maturities that could be accelerated through call provisions. The Company uses interest rate swaps (collateralized where appropriate), purchases of U.S. Treasury securities and other hedging techniques to reduce its exposure to interest rate fluctuations that arise from its financing activities and to match the variable interest rate characteristics of its earning assets. (See "Interest Rate Risk Management.")
At September 30, 2002, the GSE was in compliance with its regulatory capital requirements, and had a statutory capital ratio of 3.70 percent versus the minimum requirement of 2.25 percent.
Interest Rate Risk Management
Interest Rate Gap Analysis
The Company's principal objective in financing its operations is to minimize its sensitivity to changing interest rates by matching the interest rate characteristics of its borrowings to specific assets in order to lock in spreads. The Company funds its floating rate managed loan assets (most of which are reset weekly due to the SAP features of the student loan) with variable rate debt and fixed rate debt converted to variable rates with interest rate and basis swaps. The Company also uses interest rate cap agreements, options on securities, and financial futures contracts to further reduce interest rate risk exposure on certain of its borrowings. Investments are funded on a "pooled" approach, i.e., the pool of liabilities that funds the investment portfolio has an average rate and maturity or reset date that corresponds to the average rate and maturity or reset date of the investments which it funds.
The Company uses on-balance sheet derivatives to hedge the basis risk in its securitization trusts as the trusts frequently issue asset-backed securities indexed to LIBOR to fund student loans indexed to the 91-day Treasury bill and commercial paper. At September 30, 2002, there were approximately $24.3 billion of asset-backed securities issued by the Company's securitization trusts that were indexed to LIBOR and $300 million of securities indexed to commercial paper. There were also $3.6 billion of PLUS student loans in the trusts that are funded by asset-backed securities indexed to LIBOR or the 91-day Treasury bill. The Company hedges its off-balance sheet basis risk through on-balance sheet derivatives, the effect of which is included in the following table as the impact of securitized student loans.
In the table below, the Company's variable rate assets and liabilities are categorized by reset date of the underlying index. Fixed rate assets and liabilities are categorized based on their maturity dates. An interest rate gap is the difference between volumes of assets and volumes of liabilities maturing or
37
repricing during specific future time intervals. The following gap analysis reflects rate-sensitive positions at September 30, 2002 and is not necessarily reflective of positions that existed throughout the period.
|
Interest Rate Sensitivity |
||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
3 months or less |
3 months to 6 months |
6 months to 1 year |
1 to 2 years |
2 to 5 years |
Over 5 years |
|||||||||||||
Assets | |||||||||||||||||||
Student loans | $ | 41,683 | $ | 241 | $ | 2,542 | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||||||
Warehousing advances/academic facilities financings | 465 | 19 | 41 | 97 | 128 | 327 | |||||||||||||
Cash and investments | 3,783 | 64 | 129 | 19 | 290 | 1,281 | |||||||||||||
Other assets | 758 | 29 | 57 | 234 | 587 | 2,751 | |||||||||||||
Total assets | 46,689 | 353 | 2,769 | 350 | 1,005 | 4,359 | |||||||||||||
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity | |||||||||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 19,965 | 4,495 | 4,203 | | | | |||||||||||||
Long-term notes | 9,265 | | | 9,206 | 2,566 | 1,121 | |||||||||||||
Other liabilities | 1,540 | | | | | 1,340 | |||||||||||||
Stockholders' equity | | | | | | 1,824 | |||||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | 30,770 | 4,495 | 4,203 | 9,206 | 2,566 | 4,285 | |||||||||||||
Period gap before adjustments | 15,919 | (4,142 | ) | (1,434 | ) | (8,856 | ) | (1,561 | ) | 74 | |||||||||
Adjustments for Derivatives and Other Financial Instruments |
|||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate derivatives | (11,875 | ) | 3,958 | 830 | 6,655 | 360 | 72 | ||||||||||||
Impact of securitized loans | (3,616 | ) | | 3,616 | | | | ||||||||||||
Total derivatives and other financial instruments | (15,491 | ) | 3,958 | 4,446 | 6,655 | 360 | 72 | ||||||||||||
Period gap | $ | 428 | $ | (184 | ) | $ | 3,012 | $ | (2,201 | ) | $ | (1,201 | ) | $ | 146 | ||||
Cumulative gap | $ | 428 | $ | 244 | $ | 3,256 | $ | 1,055 | $ | (146 | ) | $ | | ||||||
Ratio of interest-sensitive assets to interest-sensitive liabilities | 157.1 | % | 7.2 | % | 64.5 | % | 1.3 | % | 16.3 | % | 143.4 | % | |||||||
Ratio of cumulative gap to total assets | .8 | % | .4 | % | 5.9 | % | 1.9 | % | (0.3 | )% | | % | |||||||
38
Average Terms to Maturity
The following table reflects the average terms to maturity for the Company's managed earning assets and liabilities at September 30, 2002 (in years):
|
On- Balance Sheet |
Off- Balance Sheet |
Managed |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earning assets | ||||||
Student loans | 7.3 | 3.7 | 5.8 | |||
Warehousing advances/academic facilities financings | 5.8 | | 5.8 | |||
Cash and investments | 4.0 | | 4.0 | |||
Total earning assets | 6.9 | 3.7 | 5.7 | |||
Borrowings | ||||||
Short-term borrowings | .3 | | .3 | |||
Long-term borrowings | 3.2 | 3.7 | 3.5 | |||
Total borrowings | 1.6 | 3.7 | 2.4 | |||
In the above table, Treasury receipts and variable rate asset-backed securities, although generally liquid in nature, extend the weighted average remaining term to maturity of cash and investments to 4.0 years. As student loans are securitized, the need for long-term on-balance sheet financing will decrease.
Long-term debt issuances likely to be called have been categorized according to their call dates rather than their maturity dates.
Common Stock
The Company generates excess capital from its business operations. The Company uses this excess capital to pay dividends on its common stock and to repurchase outstanding shares of its common stock. The purpose of the Company's common stock repurchase plan is to return some of this excess capital to its shareholders through the reduction of the Company's outstanding shares, resulting in the remaining shareholders owning a greater percentage of outstanding shares.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001, the Company issued a net 3.0 million shares of common stock and treasury stock totaling $130 million and 10.3 million shares totaling $411 million, respectively, in connection with the Company's benefit plans and acquisitions. For the nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001, the Company repurchased 4.9 million shares of common stock totaling $324 million and 17.6 million shares totaling $780 million, respectively, through its open market purchases and through the settlement of its equity forward contracts. The net result was a decrease in outstanding shares to 154 million at September 30, 2002.
Due to the highly predictable nature of its cash flow, the Company utilizes equity forward contracts to better manage the cost associated with its share repurchases. The Company enters into equity forward agreements where it contracts to purchase shares from a third party at a future date. At or prior to the maturity date of the agreement, the Company, at its sole option, can purchase the shares from the third party either by issuing its own shares or by paying the contracted amount due when the contract matures. At September 30, 2002, the total common shares that could potentially be acquired over the next three years under outstanding equity forward contracts was 8.9 million shares at an average price of $79.48 per share, and the Company has remaining authority to enter into additional share repurchases and equity forward contracts for 9.7 million shares.
39
The following table summarizes the Company's common share repurchase and equity forward activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001. (Common shares in millions.)
|
Three months ended September 30, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2002 |
2001 |
2002 |
2001 |
||||||||||
Common shares repurchased: | ||||||||||||||
Open market | | | | 2.7 | ||||||||||
Equity forwards | 1.9 | 6.6 | 4.9 | 14.9 | ||||||||||
Total shares repurchased | 1.9 | 6.6 | 4.9 | 17.6 | ||||||||||
Average purchase price per share | $ | 77.34 | $ | 38.51 | $ | 65.80 | $ | 44.27 | ||||||
Equity forward contracts: |
||||||||||||||
Outstanding at beginning of period | 8.2 | 13.0 | 11.2 | 18.2 | ||||||||||
New contracts | 2.6 | 5.1 | 2.6 | 8.2 | ||||||||||
Exercises | (1.9 | ) | (6.6 | ) | (4.9 | ) | (14.9 | ) | ||||||
Outstanding at end of period | 8.9 | 11.5 | 8.9 | 11.5 | ||||||||||
Board of director authority remaining at end of period | 9.7 | 3.8 | 9.7 | 3.8 | ||||||||||
As of September 30, 2002, the expiration dates and range of purchase prices for outstanding equity forward contracts are as follows (common shares in millions):
|
September 30, 2002 |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year of Maturity |
Outstanding Contracts |
Range of Market Prices |
|||
2003 | 2.3 | $ | 63.00 - $80.55 | ||
2004 | 4.1 | 73.89 - 92.09 | |||
2005 | 2.5 | 82.40 - 91.77 | |||
Total | 8.9 | 79.481 | |||
OTHER RELATED EVENTS AND INFORMATION
Recent Developments
During the third quarter of 2002, Moody's Investors Service, Inc. ("Moody's") upgraded SLM Corporation's senior unsecured debt rating from A3 to A2. The upgrade was based on the Company's development and methodical implementation of a corporate strategy beyond the planned 2006 wind-down of the GSE. In addition, the rating agency cited the Company's "minimal portfolio credit risk."
On October 17, 2002, the Company completed its first securitization transaction in which the securities issued under the transaction were backed by private credit student loans. A total of $690 million of these loans, which are not guaranteed or reinsured under the FFELP or any other federal student loan program, were sold to a special purpose finance subsidiary and by that subsidiary to a trust that issued asset-backed securities to fund the private credit student loans to term.
40
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
The effect of short-term movements in interest rates on the Company's results of operations and financial position has been limited through the Company's risk-management activities. The following tables summarize the effect on earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 and 2001 and the effect on fair values at September 30, 2002 and December 31, 2001, based upon a sensitivity analysis performed by the Company assuming a hypothetical increase in market interest rates of 100 basis points and 300 basis points while funding spreads remained constant. The Company has chosen to show the effects of a hypothetical increase to interest rates, as an increase gives rise to a larger absolute value change to the financial statements. The effect on earnings was performed on the Company's variable rate assets, liabilities, and hedging instruments while the effect on fair values was performed on the Company's fixed rate assets, liabilities, and hedging instruments.
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
|
Three months ended September 30, 2002 |
Three months ended September 30, 2001 |
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Interest Rates: |
Interest Rates: |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Change from increase of 100 basis points |
Change from increase of 300 basis points |
Change from increase of 100 basis points |
Change from increase of 300 basis points |
|||||||||||||||||
|
$ |
% |
$ |
% |
$ |
% |
$ |
% |
|||||||||||||
Effect on Earnings | |||||||||||||||||||||
Pre-tax net income (loss) before SFAS 133 |
$ | (31 | ) | (12 | )% | $ | (68 | ) | (26 | )% | $ | (6 | ) | (2 | )% | $ | 27 | 10 | % | ||
SFAS 133 mark-to-market1 | 340 | 93 | 850 | 232 | 363 | 66 | 848 | 153 | |||||||||||||
Net income before taxes | $ | 309 | 292 | % | $ | 782 | 740 | % | $ | 357 | 123 | % | $ | 875 | 302 | % | |||||
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 1.307 | 308 | % | $ | 3.307 | 779 | % | $ | 1.477 | 118 | % | $ | 3.622 | 290 | % | |||||
|
Nine months ended September 30, 2002 |
Nine months ended September 30, 2001 |
|||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Interest Rates: |
Interest Rates: |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Change from increase of 100 basis points |
Change from increase of 300 basis points |
Change from increase of 100 basis points |
Change from increase of 300 basis points |
|||||||||||||||||
|
$ |
% |
$ |
% |
$ |
% |
$ |
% |
|||||||||||||
Effect on Earnings | |||||||||||||||||||||
Pre-tax net income (loss) before SFAS 133 |
$ | (154 | ) | (15 | )% | $ | (216 | ) | (22 | )% | $ | (74 | ) | (9 | )% | $ | 51 | 6 | % | ||
SFAS 133 mark-to-market1 | 340 | 134 | 850 | 334 | 363 | 60 | 848 | 140 | |||||||||||||
Net income before taxes | $ | 186 | 25 | % | $ | 634 | 85 | % | $ | 289 | 142 | % | $ | 899 | 441 | % | |||||
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 3.243 | 108 | % | $ | 8.573 | 285 | % | $ | 3.165 | 480 | % | $ | 8.198 | 1,244 | % | |||||
41
|
September 30, 2002 |
December 31, 2001 |
||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Interest Rates: |
Interest Rates: |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Change from increase of 100 basis points |
Change from increase of 300 basis points |
Change from increase of 100 basis points |
Change from increase of 300 basis points |
||||||||||||||||||
|
$ |
% |
$ |
% |
$ |
% |
$ |
% |
||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||
Effect on Fair Values | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Student loans | $ | (670 | ) | (2 | )% | $ | (1,493 | ) | (3 | )% | $ | (403 | ) | (1 | )% | $ | (845 | ) | (2 | )% | ||
Other earning assets | (114 | ) | (2 | ) | (301 | ) | (5 | ) | (101 | ) | (1 | ) | (285 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||||
Residual interest and derivatives | (254 | ) | (5 | ) | (562 | ) | (11 | ) | (272 | ) | (5 | ) | (408 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||||
Total assets | $ | (1,038 | ) | (2 | )% | $ | (2,356 | ) | (4 | )% | $ | (776 | ) | (1 | )% | $ | (1,538 | ) | (3 | )% | ||
Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest bearing liabilities | $ | (186 | ) | | % | $ | (539 | ) | (1 | )% | $ | (187 | ) | | % | $ | (544 | ) | (1 | )% | ||
Floor revenue contracts and other derivatives | (535 | ) | (19 | ) | (1,252 | ) | (43 | ) | (394 | ) | (14 | ) | (770 | ) | (27 | ) | ||||||
Total liabilities | $ | (721 | ) | (1 | )% | $ | (1,791 | ) | (3 | )% | $ | (581 | ) | (1 | )% | $ | (1,314 | ) | (3 | )% | ||
The Company follows a policy to minimize its sensitivity to changing interest rates by generally funding its floating rate student loan portfolio with floating rate debt. However, as discussed under "Student LoansFloor Revenue," in the current low interest rate environment, the FFELP student loan portfolio is earning additional income through floor revenues. Therefore, absent other hedges, in a low interest rate environment the hypothetical rise in interest rates in the above table has a greater effect on earnings and fair values due to the reduction in potential floor revenues than in higher interest rate environments where the interest rate formula rises above the borrower rate and the student loans become a floating rate asset that is matched with floating rate debt.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002, the Company was in a low interest rate environment where the FFELP student loans were earning floor revenues. The Company chose to lock-in a portion of the floor revenue through the use of futures and swap contracts. The result of these hedging transactions was to convert a portion of floating rate debt into fixed rate debt, matching the fixed rate nature of the student loans during the low interest rate environment. Therefore, in certain low interest rate environments, the relative spread between the student loan asset rate and the converted fixed rate liability is fixed.
For those student loans where the fixed loan rate (in low interest rate environments) was economically hedged by fixed rate funding (through the use of futures and swap contracts), a higher spread will be earned in a high interest rate environment. Under the scenario where interest rates increase 100 basis points, the decrease in pre-tax net income before SFAS 133 reflects lower floor revenues on the unhedged portion of the Company's student loan portfolio. Under the scenario where interest rates increase 300 basis points, the change in pre-tax net income before SFAS 133 is not proportional to the change under the scenario where interest rates increase 100 basis points because of the futures and swap hedges mentioned above and the greater proportion of loans earning at a floating rate under a 300 basis point increase in rates.
42
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Within 90 days prior to the date of this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective in timely alerting them to material information relating to the Company (including its consolidated subsidiaries) required to be included in the Company's periodic SEC filings.
It should be noted that the design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote.
There have been no significant changes in the internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect those controls subsequent to the date of their last evaluation.
43
Nothing to report.
Item 2. Changes in Securities.
Nothing to report.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
Nothing to report.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
Nothing to report.
Nothing to report.
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K.
The Company filed two Current Reports on Form 8-K with the Commission during the quarter ended September 30, 2002 or thereafter. They were filed on:
44
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
SLM CORPORATION (Registrant) |
|||
By: |
/s/ JOHN F. REMONDI John F. Remondi Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer and Duly Authorized Officer) |
Date: November 13, 2002
45
I, Albert L. Lord, certify that:
/s/ ALBERT L. LORD Albert L. Lord Vice Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) November 13, 2002 |
46
I, John F. Remondi, certify that:
/s/ JOHN F. REMONDI John F. Remondi Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) November 13, 2002 |
47