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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
/X/ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001
/ / TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM ______________ TO ______________
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 0-12177
BIONOVA HOLDING CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
DELAWARE 75-2632242
(State of incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
6701 SAN PABLO AVENUE
OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA 94608
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: (510) 547-2395
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
COMMON STOCK, PAR VALUE $.01 PER SHARE
(Title of class)
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT: NONE
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes / / No /X/
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to
Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained,
to the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. Yes /X/ No / /
Aggregate market value of Common Stock held by non-affiliates as of
March 25, 2002: $2,215,463
Number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of March 25, 2002:
23,480,408
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
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PART I.................................................................... 3
ITEM 1. BUSINESS.................................................... 3
Overview.............................................................. 3
2001 Year-End Financial Position...................................... 3
Background and Status of December 2000 Purchase and Cash Support
Agreements with Savia................................................ 4
Near-Term Business and Financial Outlook.............................. 5
Background............................................................ 6
Farming............................................................... 6
Distribution.......................................................... 7
Research and Development.............................................. 8
Proprietary Protection................................................ 12
Competition........................................................... 12
Employees............................................................. 12
Controlling Stockholder; Conflicts of Interest........................ 13
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.................................................. 13
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS........................................... 13
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS......... 16
PART II................................................................... 17
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS....................................... 17
ITEM 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA........................ 18
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS................................. 19
Overview.............................................................. 19
Results of Operations................................................. 20
Quarterly Results of Operations....................................... 23
Capital Expenditures.................................................. 23
Liquidity and Capital Resources....................................... 24
Impacts of Retention of Fresh Produce Business........................ 27
Critical Accounting Policies.......................................... 27
Disclosure Regarding Forward Looking Statements....................... 29
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET
RISK...................................................... 35
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA................. 37
ITEM 9. DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE................................................ 65
PART III.................................................................. 66
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY............. 66
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION...................................... 67
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT................................................ 71
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS........ 72
PART IV................................................................... 74
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM
8-K....................................................... 74
TRANSWITCH-REGISTERED TRADEMARK- IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK OF DNAP OR ITS
SUBSIDIARIES. MASTER'S TOUCH-REGISTERED TRADEMARK- AND PREMIER
SELECCION-REGISTERED TRADEMARK- ARE REGISTERED TRADEMARKS OF AN AFFILIATE OF
BIONOVA HOLDING.
2
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
OVERVIEW
Bionova Holding Corporation, a Delaware corporation (together with its
subsidiaries, unless the context requires otherwise, "Bionova Holding" or the
"Company"), was formed in January 1996, and acts as a holding company for
(i) Agrobionova, S.A. de C.V., a corporation organized under the laws of the
United Mexican States, of which the Company owns 98.6% ("ABSA"),
(ii) International Produce Holding Company, a Delaware corporation, of which the
Company owns 100% ("IPHC"), (iii) DNA Plant Technology Corporation, a Delaware
corporation, of which the Company owns 100% ("DNAP"), and (iv) VPP Corporation,
a Delaware corporation, of which the Company owns 100% ("VPP"). The Company
acquired majority interests in ABSA and IPHC on July 1, 1996, by means of a
capital contribution from Bionova, S.A. de C.V. ("Bionova Mexico"), and on
October 7, 1997, acquired all of the minority interests in IPHC and increased
its ownership interest in ABSA to 80%. On December 28, 2000, Bionova Holding
increased its ownership interest in ABSA to 98.6% by completing the
capitalization of amounts that had previously been advanced to ABSA. DNAP became
a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company on September 26, 1996, as a result of
the merger (the "Merger") of Bionova Acquisition, Inc., a Delaware corporation
that was a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, with and into DNAP. VPP was
formed as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company on August 18, 1997.
ABSA engages in the business of growing fresh fruits and vegetables,
primarily tomatoes and peppers, in Mexico and exporting fresh produce to the
United States and other markets. ABSA also owns 98.0% of Siembra Cultivo y
Cosecha del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V., a corporation organized under the laws of
the United Mexican States ("Siembra"), which provides labor and administrative
services to ABSA. ABSA also owns 98.0% of Comercializadora Premier, S.A. de
C.V., a corporation organized under the laws of the United Mexican States
("Premier Mexico"), which provides administrative services to the Company. In
November, 2001, ABSA sold its 50.01% interest in Interfruver de Mexico, S.A. de
C.V., a corporation organized under the laws of the United Mexican States
("Interfruver"), to the Bon Family. Interfruver engages in the business of
marketing and distributing fresh produce in Mexico, including fruits and
vegetables produced by ABSA. IPHC is a holding company whose subsidiaries are in
the business of marketing and distributing fresh produce primarily in the United
States and Canada, including fruits and vegetables produced by ABSA. DNAP and
VPP are agribusiness biotechnology companies focused on the development and
application of genetic engineering and transformation technologies in plants.
Approximately 77.0% of the outstanding Common Stock of the Company is
indirectly owned by Savia, S.A. de C.V. ("Savia"). In addition, Savia indirectly
owns 200 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, which, if converted,
would result in Savia owning 88.4% of the outstanding Common Stock of the
Company. The owner of record of all of these shares of common and preferred
stock is Ag-Biotech Capital, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Savia. Savia is a
Mexican corporation which acts as a holding company for several companies,
including Seminis, Inc., the leading manufacturer of fruit and vegetable seeds
in the world.
The corporate headquarters of the Company are located at 6701 San Pablo
Avenue, Oakland, California 94608, and the telephone number is (510) 547-2395.
2001 YEAR-END FINANCIAL POSITION
Bionova Holding's balance sheet at December 31, 2001 reflected that the
Company was in a position of technical insolvency, as its current assets of
$49.3 million fell far short of its current liabilities of $117.9 million. The
Company's fresh produce subsidiaries owed $10.1 million to banks,
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most of which is on a revolving line of credit and guaranteed by Savia. Bionova
Holding and its subsidiaries were indebted to Savia and its subsidiaries (other
than Bionova Holding) in a total amount of $89.3 million. Of this total
$19.1 million was owed by ABSA and is accruing interest at a rate of
approximately 9% per annum. Bionova Holding had debt of $62.9 million to Savia,
which consisted of the $48 million of advances made in April 2000, $7.5 million
of advances made to Bionova Holding by Savia in 2001 under a cash support
agreement, and $7.4 million of interest that has accrued on this debt. The
Bionova Holding debt currently is accruing interest at a rate of approximately
12.25% per annum. Other subsidiaries of Bionova Holding had related party
accounts due to Savia and its subsidiaries that accounted for the balance of the
$7.3 million. All of the Bionova Holding debt originally was due to be paid by
March 23, 2002, but was extended by agreement between Bionova Holding and Savia
until December 31, 2002. The other related party accounts due to Savia and its
subsidiaries have varying maturities, but all are due in 2002. At this time,
Bionova Holding does not know how this indebtedness will be handled.
BACKGROUND AND STATUS OF DECEMBER 2000 PURCHASE AND CASH SUPPORT AGREEMENTS WITH
SAVIA
One vehicle which might still be available to reduce the Company's
significant debt with Savia is the December 28, 2000 Purchase Agreement between
the Company and Savia ("Purchase Agreement"). This agreement, to which Savia's
subsidiary Ag-Biotech Capital, LLC is also a party, contains four major
components. First, Bionova Holding would sell its fresh produce farming and
distribution business (including all of the debt and liabilities of the fresh
produce business) to Savia for $48 million. In acquiring the fresh produce
business Savia would purchase 100% of the shares held by Bionova Holding in ABSA
and IPHC. The purchase price for the fresh produce business was to be paid by
the application of $48 million of advances previously made by Savia to Bionova
Holding. As of September 30, 2001, both Bionova Holding and Savia had the option
to terminate the Purchase Agreement, but neither party has yet elected to take
this action.
Second, on December 29, 2000 Bionova Holding issued 200 shares of
convertible preferred stock to Bionova International for $63.7 million, which
was paid through the application of all of the remaining outstanding advances
previously made by Savia to Bionova Holding (other than the $48 million which
would be applied to the sale of the fresh produce business). The 200 shares of
preferred stock, all of which Bionova International has transferred to
Ag-Biotech Capital, LLC, are convertible into 23,156,116 shares of common stock
(a conversion ratio based on $2.75 per share) at any time after adoption and
filing by the Company of a charter amendment increasing the authorized number of
shares of Common Stock to at least 70,000,000. The Company will not receive any
additional consideration upon the conversion of the preferred stock.
Third, Savia committed to enter into sublicense agreements whereby it or its
affiliates would license to Bionova Holding certain technology rights that are
important for Bionova Holding to move forward in its business. Bionova Holding
will be able to utilize these rights for research purposes without cost. Upon
commercialization of products utilizing these technology rights the Company will
be obligated to pay royalties to Savia and/or the owner of the technology. These
licenses were granted during 2001. Fourth, the Purchase Agreement provides that
in lieu of the rights offering previously contemplated by the 1998 Stock
Purchase Agreement between Bionova International and Bionova Holding, Bionova
Holding will issue to each of its stockholders rights to purchase two shares of
Bionova Holding common stock for each share they own as of the date the
registration statement relating to the rights offering is declared effective or
such other record date as may be set by Bionova Holding's Board of Directors.
The exercise price for the rights will be $2.50 per share. The rights will
expire 60 days after issuance or at such other time as Savia and Bionova
Holding's Special Committee of Independent Directors may agree. Ag-Biotech
Capital, LLC has agreed to surrender all of the rights it receives to Bionova
Holding without exercising them. The Purchase Agreement does not specify a
deadline for effecting the rights offering. Due to the current and historical
market prices, management
4
has deferred the rights offering until other strategic decisions regarding the
technology business and the fresh produce business have been made.
Bionova Holding and Savia also entered into a Cash Support Agreement for
2001. This agreement provided that, during 2001, Savia would advance funds to
Bionova Holding as requested to finance Bionova Holding's technology business.
During 2001, Savia advanced $7.5 million under this Agreement. These advances
are to be applied to the purchase by Savia (i.e., exchanged for) of additional
common shares if and when the sale of the fresh produce business is closed. The
purchase price to be paid by Savia for the additional shares under the Cash
Support Agreement will be $2.50 per share, subject to certain adjustments if the
market price exceeds $2.50. If the sale of the fresh produce business is
completed pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, and the preferred stock is
converted to common stock as described above, then the capitalization of the
amounts advanced under the Cash Support Agreement will increase Savia's
beneficial interest in Bionova Holding to 89.1%.
If the transactions to sell the fresh produce business to Savia and the
conversion of the advances under the cash support agreement were completed, the
Company would be able to eliminate all of its bank debt and its entire debt to
Savia and Savia's subsidiaries. When this strategy was originally designed in
December, 2000, the Company believed it would have a good opportunity to raise
new capital and/or secure new research contracts to support the Company's
technology business from January 1, 2002 forward upon the termination of Savia's
cash support. However, the Company was not able to raise new financing or secure
new contracts for its technology business in 2001, in part due to market
conditions and in part due to the perceived uncertainty about the Company
emanating from the appellate court ruling in favor of the Grace Brothers in
January 2001 and the judgment granted in favor of the Grace Brothers in an
amount of $6.4 million in August 2001. The Company, with the financial
assistance of Savia, finally settled the Grace Brothers litigation in
December 2001. As the Company entered 2002, Savia informed management of Bionova
Holding that it could not make any additional cash resources available.
Therefore, Bionova Holding chose to delay execution of the Purchase Agreement,
as the only available cash resources for the Company were from the sale of
certain technology assets and funds that could be generated by the fresh produce
business.
For accounting purposes Bionova Holding treated the fresh produce business
(i) as discontinued operations on its statement of operations for the years
ended December 31, 2000, 1999, and 1998, (ii) as net assets of discontinued
operations on its balance sheet for the year ended December 31, 2000, and
(iii) as discontinued operations and net assets of discontinued operations in
its financial statements filed for the quarters ended March 31, June 30, and
September 30, 2001. Since the Company did not proceed to complete the sale of
the fresh produce business in 2000 and has no current plans to do so, the
results of operations of the fresh produce business have been reclassified from
discontinued operations to continuing operations for these prior periods and the
net assets from discontinued operations in the December 31, 2000 balance sheet
were reclassified to their respective balance sheet accounts.
NEAR-TERM BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL OUTLOOK
Company management and its Board of Directors have been and are continuing
to explore their options in 2002 and beyond. The Company is pursuing
aggressively a variety of alternatives for its technology business, including
new research contracts, partnerships, third party financing, and the sale of
assets. Completing one or more such transactions is essential to the technology
business's business plan and its ability to continue as a going concern.
Cash resources emanating from Bionova Holding's fresh produce business are
dependent on the outcome of the Culiacan harvest season in May 2002. To date,
production and revenues, and hence cash generation, have run well below
projections due to weather conditions that delayed the harvest and low prices
for its product during the months of February and March. The Company remains
5
hopeful that it will make up the deficiency during the next three months. If the
Company does not meet its cash projections for the harvest season, in all
likelihood Bionova Holding will have to cut back and/or terminate some business
operations.
There can be no assurance that these actions will result in sufficient
working capital to significantly improve the Company's current financial
position or its results of operations. The Company also must find a solution to
the $89.3 million of debt plus the interest which is accruing that is due to
Savia and its subsidiaries during 2002. While the Company is actively seeking to
develop alternative sources of funding, there can be no assurance the Company
will be able to meet its obligations in 2002 nor secure funds to take it beyond
the 2002 calendar year. Additional financing may not be available to the Company
on favorable terms, if at all. If the Company is unable to obtain financing, or
to obtain it on acceptable terms, Bionova Holding may be unable to execute its
business plan.
Financial information relating to each of the Company's industry segments is
set forth in Note 20 to the Company's financial statements contained in this
report. Financial information relating to foreign and domestic operations and
export sales also is set forth in Note 20 to the Company's consolidated
financial statements.
BACKGROUND
For operating and financial reporting purposes, the Company historically has
classified its business into three fundamental areas: (1) FARMING, which
consists principally of interests in Company-owned fresh produce production
facilities and joint ventures or contract growing arrangements with other
growers; (2) DISTRIBUTION, consisting principally of interests in sales and
distribution companies in Mexico, the United States and Canada; and
(3) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (OR TECHNOLOGY), consisting of business units
focused on the development of fruits and vegetables and/or intellectual
properties associated with these development efforts. The Farming and
Distribution segments collectively are referred to as the Fresh Produce
Business.
FARMING
ABSA is a leading grower of fresh produce in Mexico, primarily tomatoes and
peppers, and, to a lesser extent, cucumbers, grapes and other fruits and
vegetables. Most of ABSA's farming operations are located in the Mexican states
of Sinaloa, Sonora and Baja California. Advanced technology is used to ensure
consistent quality and yields, including special hybrid varieties, integrated
pest management control, and computerized drip irrigation. ABSA's produce is
distributed in the United States, Mexico and Canada under the "Master's Touch"
and "Premier Seleccion" brands as well as other labels, depending on produce
grades.
ABSA's supply derives from (i) produce grown on land owned or leased by
ABSA, (ii) produce grown by producers with whom ABSA enters into a financing and
distribution contract and (iii) produce grown by producers with whom ABSA enters
into both a production association agreement and a distribution contract. When
ABSA enters into a financing and distribution contract only, it agrees to
provide the grower limited financial assistance for harvesting and/or packing in
exchange for exclusive distribution rights. When ABSA enters into a production
association agreement, ABSA finances up to 50% of the production cost in a
co-production contract with the grower. ABSA provides technical support and
agrees to handle the packing and distribution. Net proceeds are shared according
to the terms of the association agreement after ABSA recoups its investment.
Historically, ABSA had financed up to 100% of the production cost in a joint
venture contract with the grower. ABSA discontinued this practice entirely in
2001.
In 2001, approximately 60% of ABSA's supply came from land owned or leased
by ABSA. ABSA owns approximately 3,193 acres in Sinaloa, Sonora and Baja
California Sur, and ABSA leases
6
approximately 502 acres in Baja California Sur. During 2001, 40% of production
supplied by ABSA was sourced through production associations with growers and
through distribution contracts.
In 2001, approximately 64% of ABSA's sales were tomatoes, 21% were peppers,
6% were cucumbers, 6% were grapes and the remaining 3% were mixed vegetables. In
2000 and 1999, respectively, ABSA's sales were allocated approximately as
follows: tomatoes--60% and 68%, peppers--19% and 13%, cucumbers--5% and 4%, and
grapes, melons and mixed vegetables (including eggplant and squash)--16% and
15%.
In 2001, 2000, and 1999, the Farming segment suffered operating losses of
$13.4 million, $12.7 million, and $16.8 million, respectively. Of the
$13.4 million operating loss in this segment of the business in 2001,
$8.6 million was attributable to the write off of all of the goodwill previously
on the balance sheet of ABSA.
DISTRIBUTION
The Company's marketing and distribution activities are carried out by both
national and regional distributors. The Company's national distributors in the
United States are Bionova Produce, Inc., R.B. Packing of California, Inc. and
Bionova Produce of Texas, Inc., each of which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of
IPHC, and are referred to collectively as "Bionova Produce." Interfruver, which
until November of 2001 had been majority owned by ABSA until ABSA's entire
interest was sold to the minority owners of Interfruver, had served as the
Company's distributor in Mexico. As a condition of the contract of sale,
Interfruver has agreed to continue distributing produce supplied by ABSA. The
Company's regional distributors are Premier Fruits and Vegetables BBL Inc. in
Montreal, Quebec ("Premier") and Premier Fruits and Vegetables (USA), Inc. in
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. As described below, the Company sold its interest in
another regional distributor, Tanimura Distributing, Inc. ("TDI"), on
February 19, 2001.
NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
Bionova Produce, Inc., Bionova Produce of Texas, Inc. and R.B. Packing of
California, Inc. collectively had revenues of $73.6 million in 2001. The
majority of these sales were made by Bionova Produce, Inc., which is located in
Nogales, Arizona, a major point of entry for Mexican produce into the United
States. Approximately 58% of the produce distributed by Bionova Produce, Inc. is
provided by ABSA (including produce grown by ABSA and produce grown by growers
with whom ABSA enters into production association contracts). No single customer
accounted for more than 10% of Bionova Produce, Inc.'s sales in 2001. In 2001,
Bionova Produce, Inc.'s sales were 55% to supermarkets, 24% to wholesalers and
21% to brokers. Its main selling season is December through May.
R.B. Packing of California, Inc. is located in San Diego, California and the
majority of the produce it distributes is grown in California and the Mexican
states of Baja California Norte and Baja California Sur. In 2001, its sales were
28% to supermarkets, 37% to wholesalers, and 35% to brokers. Its main selling
season is July through November. Bionova Produce of Texas, Inc. is a distributor
located in McAllen, Texas that distributes produce grown in Mexico and currently
is concentrating on the importation and distribution of papaya, melons and
hothouse tomatoes.
Interfruver is one of Mexico's largest fresh produce distributors. Based in
Guadalajara, Interfruver distributes produce from ABSA and other Mexican
producers. Interfruver also imports produce from the United States and other
countries. Approximately 74% of its sales is to wholesalers and other
intermediaries and 26% is to supermarkets. Interfruver's sales totaled
$78.1 million in the period from January to October, 2001. On November 1, 2001
ABSA sold its entire 50.01% interest in Interfruver to members of the Bon Family
who previously had owned the remaining 49.99%.
7
REGIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
Premier Fruits & Vegetables, BBL Inc. is an 80%-owned subsidiary of IPHC.
Premier distributes produce throughout eastern Canada, and its sales were
approximately 54% to supermarkets, 20% to independent retailers, and 26% to
wholesalers in 2001. Sales in 2001 were approximately U.S. $43.2 million.
Premier Fruits and Vegetables (USA), Inc., an 80%-owned subsidiary of IPHC,
was formed in February, 2000 to market tomatoes and other vegetables, including
the Company's branded line of cherry tomatoes and peppers, in the eastern United
States. Premier Fruits and Vegetables (USA), Inc. sources its products through
and operates under the direction of Premier in Canada.
TDI, a distributing company based in Los Angeles, was a 75%-owned subsidiary
of IPHC from 1995 through 2000. On February 19, 2001, IPHC sold its entire
interest in TDI back to TDI in exchange for a note obligating TDI to pay IPHC
$1.2 million, plus interest at 10.5% per annum, over a three year period. As a
result of the transaction, Mr. Tanimura became the sole stockholder of TDI.
In 2001 the Distribution segment (including national and regional
distributors) experienced an operating loss of $5.9 million. Significantly
impacting the operating loss in 2001 was a $5.7 million charge for the
impairment of all of the goodwill in this segment of the business along with
losses recorded on the sales of Tanimura and Interfruver of $0.4 million and
$5.0 million, respectively. In 2000 and 1999 this segment experienced operating
losses of $2.1 million and $1.7 million, respectively.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The Company's research and development activities are carried out by DNAP, a
wholly owned subsidiary acquired in September 1996 as a result of the Merger.
The mission of DNAP is to develop and commercialize genetic crop protection
solutions for specialty crops, including the major vegetables, strawberry,
grape, banana, and pineapple. DNAP uses model plants and applies genomics tools,
such as micro-arrays for transcript profiling, to accelerate the development
cycle.
In 2001 the Company spent approximately $2.2 million and $1.9 million on
Company and customer-sponsored research and development activities,
respectively. The total of $4.1 million represents a significant reduction from
the combined Company-funded and customer-funded research activities of
$6.2 million in 2000. This decrease is attributable to a reduction in DNAP staff
by approximately two-thirds that occurred in the second quarter of 2001. This
step was taken to conserve cash resources and focus the technology group on its
most promising technology opportunities. In conjunction with this workforce
reduction some customer-sponsored research was reduced accordingly. The Company
discontinued work to develop an herbicide-resistant strawberry variety until
additional crop protection traits of relevance to strawberry are developed.
The Company terminated a number of projects focused on quality trait
improvements in vegetables and is now focusing its technology program on disease
and nematode resistance traits. This strategy capitalizes on DNAP's strengths in
plant transformation, gene expression and product development. Alliances are
being used to source functional genomics tools and intellectual property for the
development of crop protection traits to be applied to vegetable and fruit
crops. The Company is actively pursuing out-licensing opportunities for
technologies that are no longer deemed to be fundamental to this new strategy.
The Company also intends to license newly developed crop protection technologies
to cotton, soybean and other seed companies.
DNAP currently has a staff of 30 employees, including 16 scientists, with
extensive experience in the creation of commercial transgenic plants,
intellectual property protection, and regulatory approval processes. The
scientific group has transformed strawberry, banana, grape, tomato, pepper and
other crops on a commercial scale. As a result, the Company offers existing and
new potential partners a
8
broad capability to develop traits, and to commercialize the resulting products,
in a wide array of vegetable and fruit crops.
In 2001 the Research and Development segment experienced an operating loss
of $23.4 million. Significantly impacting the operating loss in 2001 were a
$7.6 million charge for the impairment of all of the goodwill in this segment of
the business, a $7.7 million charge for the impairment of patents and trademarks
of DNAP, and a $3.4 million charge for the loss on the sale of VPP's strawberry
breeding assets. The Company is pursuing aggressively a variety of alternatives
for its technology business, including new research contracts, partnerships,
third party financing, and the sale of assets. Completing one or more such
transactions is essential to the technology business's business plan, which is
described below, and its ability to continue as a going concern.
TECHNOLOGY BACKGROUND
The advent of plant genomics has opened a new era for developing products
for the seed and starter-plant businesses. For most traits of interest, the
introduction, or altered expression, of single genes is not sufficient to create
commercially useful improvements in plant performance. Rather, it is necessary
to understand and gain control of plant pathways and genetic networks that
condition specific plant traits. This can be done through altered expression of
one or more transcription factors ("TFs") that control large numbers of plant
genes (biological modules or pathways) to generate improved plant performance.
DNAP's technology position includes commercial rights to TFs that improve
disease resistance, and to a unique collection of ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA lines
altered for expression of TFs, both sourced through a relationship with Mendel
Biotechnology. DNAP has developed a high capacity transformation methodology,
subject of a pending patent application, which is being applied to the
identification of genes that prevent plant damage caused by certain diseases
(e.g., those caused by fungal pathogens such as SCLEROTINIA and BOTRYTIS). A
method for controlled cellular lethality, developed by DNAP, has been applied to
traits such as nematode resistance. Fungal resistance (broad-spectrum, BOTRYTIS
and PHYTOPHTHORA) and root knot nematode resistance traits are in the
development pipeline. DNAP has developed and has rights to important enabling
technologies, including Transwitch-Registered Trademark- for control of gene
expression, spectinomycin resistance and chlorsulfuron resistance. DNAP also has
broad rights to a range of enabling technologies owned by Monsanto
(transformation, marker genes, and promoters) for application in fruits and
vegetables.
Overall, the Company is well positioned to develop and commercialize plant
products in a range of specialty crops. The Company's strategy is to develop its
own crop protection traits and to in-license genes and technologies for other
important traits in strategic crops. The value of crop protection traits is
significant. Annual crop losses associated with fungal disease and nematodes in
targeted crops exceed $4.5 billion on a worldwide basis; sales of pesticidal
products applied to these crops account for in excess of $3 billion on a
worldwide basis. The Company is committed to crop protection strategies that are
favorable in terms of regulatory requirements, allowing it to develop products
in relatively small acreage, but high value crops such as fruits and vegetables.
CROP PROTECTION STRATEGY AND DEVELOPMENT STATUS
DNAP is committed to providing cost effective genetic solutions for crop
protection that enhance the plant's ability to resist pathogen or pest attack,
and that are favorable with respect to regulatory approval. One fundamental
premise of our strategy is that since most plants are naturally genetically
resistant to most pathogens and pests, we need only broaden the plant's own
responses to disease and pest attack in order to create new value in seed and
starter plants.
Plants normally achieve resistance through pathogen or pest detection that
is linked to a coordinated innate immune response (under the control of TFs).
The corollary is that disease often
9
results from the plant's failure to detect a pathogen, and hence its failure to
activate its innate immune response. A key element of our transgenic strategy is
to link mechanisms for detecting pathogen presence (i.e., through isolation of
pathogen-regulated promoters) with induction of TF expression to activate the
innate immune response when it otherwise would not be activated. The fundamental
elements of this strategy have been validated. Importantly, enhanced innate
immunity does not lead to the expression of any new resistance function in a
plant, only the improved regulation of the plant's normal systems.
Specific progress includes: (i) identification of several candidate TFs that
control fungal disease resistance pathways and whose over-expression provides
improved disease resistance (e.g., for resistance to BOTRYTIS, PHYTOPHTHORA, and
FUSARIUM); (ii) identification of candidate TFs that deliver relatively
broad-spectrum resistance to fungal diseases; and (iii) identification of
candidate promoters induced specifically by target pathogens, which is the
subject of a pending patent application. DNAP is generating promoter-TF
constructs to deliver pathogen-triggered expression of defense responses
targeted to important pathogens and pests in select target crops. Additionally,
DNAP is in position to screen for TFs that control resistance pathways for other
fungal pathogens, such as mildews or VERTICILLIUM, and nematode pests, such as
MELOIDOGYNE. Primary trait validation for pathogen and pest resistance is being
performed in ARABIDOPSIS to reduce the development cycle, after which the best
constructs will be validated in commercial crops (e.g., tomato).
Other crop protection strategies under development include identification of
genes to prevent plant cell death symptoms caused by certain pathogens
(inhibitors of programmed cell death) and the disruption of required feeding
sites for establishment of root knot nematode infection. Notice of allowance has
been received for DNAP's method for controlled cellular lethality, which DNAP is
applying to nematode resistance. Primary proof of principle has been achieved
with feeding site disruption, which will be evaluated in additional crops in the
near term.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Savia and Bionova Holding entered into agreements with Mendel Biotechnology,
as part of a package of agreements, that strengthened the Company's access to
Mendel-developed intellectual property with transcription factor genes. In
addition, Savia executed an agreement with DNAP providing it rights, under a
Savia agreement with Mendel, to conduct assays to identify transcription factors
that confer biotic stress resistances (e.g., disease and nematode resistance).
Overall, these agreements have substantially solidified the Company's access to
intellectual property and biomaterials for the development of specialty crop
traits.
REGULATORY STRATEGY
Regulatory costs associated with crop protection can create barriers to
entry into specific markets. Costs associated with registering chemical
pesticides represent such a barrier especially for low acreage crops. High costs
associated with regulatory approvals of transgenic plants expressing
chemical/protein actives present a similar barrier to innovation for many
relatively small acreage, high-value fruit and vegetable crops. However, the
crop protection traits we have under development do not rely on the expression
of toxins active against pathogens or pests derived from non-plant sources. The
enhanced innate immunity strategy improves the plant's own ability to resist
attack. Thus, the regulatory burden for product development is expected to be
reduced significantly in comparison with products such as, for example, Cry
protein-expressing plants. This reduced regulatory burden, along with the broad
applicability of crop protection technologies, leads to a new financial model
that allows us to target specialty crops as well as larger acreage crops. The
implementation of transgenic strategies that have a diminished regulatory burden
has emerged as an important element of our business strategy.
10
CROP PROTECTION MARKETS
Crops in which pathogen and pest resistance is economically important
include (i) a range of vegetable crops (such as tomato, lettuce, cucurbits,
pepper), (ii) plantation crops (such as banana), (iii) fruit crops (such as
strawberry, grape, citrus, apple), and (iv) some large acreage crops such as
cotton, soybean and wheat. We have selected as primary targets pathogens and
pests that cause economically significant damage in multiple crops, such as
PHYTOPHTHORA spp., BOTRYTIS, FUSARIUM spp., VERTICILLIUM spp. and SCLEROTINIA
spp., root knot nematode (MELOIDOGYNE spp.), cyst nematode (GLOBODERA and
HETERODERA spp.), and dagger and lesion nematodes. Transcription factors
controlling resistance can be studied in ARABIDOPSIS by developing suitable
assays, some of which have already been developed by the Company. Additional
assays for important pathogens and pests can be established in order to develop
products of special interest to our customers. With its functional genomic
resources, DNAP is positioned to collaborate with partners interested in a wide
range of crop protection problems.
ECONOMIC MODEL
The value of our technology derives from the potential to produce high value
seed or starter plants that result in reduced cost for the farmer and increased
yields. Current nematode-related crop yield losses for our target crops are in
excess of $2.5 billion annually. Fungal disease has a major impact on certain
vegetable and fruit crops, as well as on wheat and rice, resulting in losses in
excess of $2 billion annually. At the present time there are few effective
pesticides available to control nematodes. Fungicides are partially effective in
selected applications and represent a $3 billion market in chemical sales.
In cases where plant breeding has resulted in better plant solutions (e.g.,
with the vegetable crops), seeds for plants with improved disease resistance
have been sold at prices two or three times the price of conventional seeds.
Plant breeding for better disease resistant plants has added at least
$300 million per year of value to the vegetable seed business. This demonstrates
the willingness of the farmer to pay a premium for effective solutions to
disease and pest problems.
DNAP's intention is to focus on the application and implementation of
genomic discoveries in commercial agriculture. Significant investments have
already been made to develop the internal technology base and to access
technologies from Mendel and Monsanto. The potential value of the technology
represented in traits DNAP intends to bring to the marketplace is large in
relationship to the additional cost required to arrive at effective solutions.
Since the selected crop protection strategies are favorable in terms of
obtaining regulatory approvals and the Company has expertise to enable product
development and deregulation, our cost structure is low enough to allow entry
into markets (especially for vegetable and fruit crops) which cannot be
approached economically with current resistance strategies.
GOVERNMENT REGULATION
Regulation by federal, state and local government authorities in the United
States and foreign countries will be a significant factor in the future
production and marketing of plants and plant products containing the Company's
biotechnology-derived trait technologies. The process of obtaining government
approvals can be costly and time consuming, and there can be no assurance that
necessary approvals will be granted to the Company or its customers in a timely
manner, if at all. The extent of government regulation of biotechnology that
might arise from future legislative or administrative actions and the potential
consequences to the Company or its customers are not known and cannot be
predicted with certainty.
The U.S. federal government has implemented a coordinated policy for
regulating biotechnology research and products in the United States. The USDA
has jurisdiction over specific research and pre-commercial activities involving
biotechnology-derived plants, in particular the growing and interstate
11
shipment of biotechnology-derived plants and plant products. The FDA has
jurisdiction over plant products that are used for human or animal food. The EPA
has jurisdiction over large-scale field testing and commercial use of plants
that are bio-engineered to resist pests and diseases, as well as administering
various federal environmental quality statutes. Failure to comply with
applicable regulatory requirements could result in enforcement action, including
withdrawal of marketing approval, seizure or recall of product, injunction or
criminal prosecution.
PROPRIETARY PROTECTION
The Company uses trade secret protection for certain of IPHC's distribution
companies which market produce under the Master's Touch and Premier Seleccion
brand names. ABSA and Bionova Produce, Inc. have registered the Master's Touch
name as a trademark in Mexico and the United States, respectively. Bionova
Mexico has registered the Master's Touch name as a trademark in the Benelux
countries, the European Community, Canada, Hong Kong, Indonesia, South Korea,
Japan, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Savia has registered the Premier Seleccion
name in Mexico and has licensed rights to such name on a royalty-free basis to
various of IPHC's subsidiaries.
COMPETITION
Though the fresh produce industry in general, and the tomato industry in
particular, are characterized by numerous competitors and low barriers to entry
at the production level, Bionova Holding believes that a small group of
participants distributes a substantial portion of the tomatoes sold in the
United States. In the United States, the Company competes directly with the
larger tomato and pepper growers in Florida during the winter, and in California
in the summer and fall. Both the Mexican and the U.S. tomato industries are
characterized by numerous competitors. Major Florida growers include Six L's,
DiMare, Pacific Tomatoes Growers and NTGargiulo. The major growers in California
include DiMare, NTGargiulo, Live Oak, Pacific Tomatoes Growers, Ocean Side,
Giumarra Brothers, and Central Tomato.
Both large and small biotechnology companies are investing in genomics
research to discover genes needed for crop improvement (e.g., Monsanto,
Syngenta, Mendel, Paradigm). However, no other company has DNAP's combination of
commercial rights and expertise for the business of transgenic variety
improvement in fruit and vegetable crops. There is also significant research
activity dedicated to plant disease resistance in academic laboratories. Many
companies have considerably greater financial, technical, and marketing
resources than Bionova Holding. Competition may intensify as technological
developments occur at a rapid rate in the agricultural biotechnology industry.
EMPLOYEES
The Company and its subsidiaries have a total of 3,077 employees.
ABSA has no employees. Siembra provides labor and administrative services to
ABSA pursuant to a contractual agreement, and ABSA pays a fee to Siembra based
on Siembra's costs incurred in connection with providing such services. The
number of persons providing such services through Siembra to ABSA ranges from a
minimum of 1,123 to a maximum during the harvesting season (January-April) of
approximately 4,232. The 67 employees of Siembra that are full-time are not
unionized. All of the other Siembra employees are temporary workers, and they
are represented by a labor union. No other employees in Bionova Holding are
represented by a union.
The labor union contracts for the temporary employees are reviewed on an
annual basis. Both the union and ABSA may terminate the contract at any time
upon 60 days notice to the other party.
12
CONTROLLING STOCKHOLDER; CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Approximately 77.0% of the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company
are owned of record by Ag-Biotech Capital, LLC, an indirect, wholly-owned
subsidiary of Savia. Savia has the power to elect a majority of the Company's
board of directors and to determine the outcome of any action requiring the
approval of the holders of the Company's common stock. This ownership and
management structure will inhibit the taking of any action by the Company which
is not acceptable to the controlling stockholder.
Certain of the Company's directors and executive officers are also currently
serving as board members or executive officers of Savia or companies related to
Savia, and it is expected that each will continue to do so. Such management
interrelationships and intercorporate relationships may lead to possible
conflicts of interest.
The Company and other entities that may be deemed to be controlled by or
affiliated with Savia sometimes engage in (i) intercorporate transactions such
as guarantees, management and expense sharing arrangements, shared fee
arrangements, joint ventures, partnerships, loans, options, advances of funds on
open account and sales, leases and exchanges of assets, including securities
issued by both related and unrelated parties and (ii) common investment and
acquisition strategies, business combinations, reorganizations,
recapitalizations, securities repurchases and purchases and sales (and other
acquisitions and dispositions) of subsidiaries, divisions or other business
units, which transactions have involved both related and unrelated parties. The
Company continuously considers, reviews and evaluates, and understands that
Savia and related entities consider, review and evaluate transactions of the
type described above. Depending upon the business, tax and other objectives then
relevant, it is possible that the Company might be a party to one or more of
such transactions in the future in addition to those currently in force, such as
the Long Term Funded Research Agreement dated January 1, 1997, between Seminis
and DNAP. In connection with these activities the Company might consider issuing
additional equity securities or incurring additional indebtedness. The Company's
acquisition activities may in the future include participation in the
acquisition or restructuring activities conducted by other companies that may be
deemed to be controlled by Savia.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ABSA owns approximately 3,193 acres of agricultural land in Sinaloa, Sonora,
and Baja California Sur. ABSA leases approximately 502 acres of land in Baja
California Sur. ABSA currently is trying to sell 919 acres of the land it owns
in Sinaloa as this land is no longer considered important to the ongoing
operations of its business. Some of ABSA's land is the subject of a legal
dispute. See "Legal Proceedings."
Bionova Produce, Inc. owns warehouse and office space in Nogales, Arizona.
The other subsidiaries of IPHC lease office and warehouse space.
DNAP leases 33,000 square feet of laboratory and office space and 7,000
square feet of greenhouse space in Oakland, California. DNAP also owns 12,700
square feet of greenhouse and warehouse space, including farm land for field
trials, in Brentwood, California. DNAP currently is in the process of trying to
sell the Brentwood land and facilities to a third party purchaser and expects to
complete a sale during the second quarter of 2002. DNAP does not anticipate
requiring any additional space to execute its new strategy.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
On January 21, 1997, a class action lawsuit styled GORDON K. AARON ET AL. V.
EMPRESAS LA MODERNA, S.A. DE C.V., ET AL. was filed in the U.S. federal district
court for the Northern District of California. The plaintiffs allege that, prior
to the merger (the "Merger") of DNAP with a subsidiary of Bionova
13
Holding on September 26, 1996, they owned shares of DNAP's $2.25 Convertible,
Exchangeable Preferred Stock ("Preferred Stock"). In connection with the Merger,
all of the shares of common stock and Preferred Stock of DNAP were converted
into the number of shares of common stock of Bionova Holding specified in the
Merger Agreement. The plaintiffs allege that they were denied certain rights
they allegedly had under the terms of the Preferred Stock and that certain
individuals (the "Individual Defendants"), each of whom was a director of DNAP
prior to the Merger and in some cases later served as a director of Bionova
Holding, breached fiduciary duties of loyalty, candor and care allegedly owed to
DNAP and its stockholders. The plaintiffs claim to have been damaged by the
alleged actions of the defendants and therefore the plaintiffs seek unspecified
actual and punitive damages as well as reimbursement of their litigation costs
and expenses. On August 27, 1997, the court granted motions to dismiss all of
the claims pending against all of the defendants, except the claims of breach of
the fiduciary duty of loyalty against the Individual Defendants. On January 14,
1999, the court reinstated the plaintiffs' claims that the preferred
stockholders were denied their contractual right to vote on the Merger, and then
on March 9, 2000, the court granted summary judgment in favor of the defendants
on the voting rights claims. On December 21, 2000, the court granted summary
judgment in favor of the defendants on all remaining claims. The plaintiffs have
appealed this judgment to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which
heard arguments on the matter on February 12, 2002. Bionova Holding and DNAP
deny any wrongdoing or liability in this matter and intend to vigorously contest
this lawsuit.
On August 29, 1997, a lawsuit styled GRACE BROTHERS, LTD. V. DNAP HOLDING
CORPORATION, DNA PLANT TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION AND DOES 1 THROUGH 20 INCLUSIVE
was filed in the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Alameda.
This claim arose out of the Merger on September 26, 1996 of DNAP with a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Bionova Holding. In the Merger, shares of DNAP's
Preferred Stock were converted into the right to receive shares of common stock
of Bionova Holding. The plaintiff alleged that it owned shares of Preferred
Stock and that DNAP breached its contractual obligations to the plaintiff by,
among other things, not providing special conversion privileges to the preferred
stockholders. The plaintiff also added allegations that Bionova Holding
tortiously interfered with the Certificate of Designations and that Bionova
Holding was unjustly enriched by DNAP's alleged breach of the Certificate of
Designations. On August 10, 2001, the court ruled in favor of the plaintiff and
against DNAP in the amount of $6.4 million. On December 14, 2001, the plaintiff
agreed to a settlement wherein it assigned all of its claims against Bionova
Holding, DNAP and their affiliates to Savia. As part of the settlement, the
plaintiff assigned to Savia its right to convert its DNAP Preferred Stock into
107,622 shares of the Company's common stock. On March 21, 2002, Savia entered
into a settlement agreement with the Company and DNAP pursuant to which Savia
released all of the claims against the Company and DNAP in this matter and
agreed to dismiss the litigation with prejudice. Savia also agreed to surrender
to the Company the right to convert the DNAP Preferred Stock that had been owned
by the plaintiff into shares of Company common stock.
On January 7, 1999, a class action lawsuit styled GORDON K. AARON ET AL. V.
EMPRESAS LA MODERNA, S.A. DE C.V., ET AL. was filed in the U.S. federal district
court for the Northern District of California. On January 28, 1999, a
substantially identical class action lawsuit styled ROBERT KACZAK V. EMPRESAS LA
MODERNA, S.A. DE C.V., ET AL. was filed in the U.S. federal district court for
the Northern District of California, and these two cases were then consolidated.
The plaintiffs allege that, prior to the Merger of DNAP with a subsidiary of
Bionova Holding on September 26, 1996, they owned shares of DNAP's Preferred
Stock. In connection with the Merger, all of the shares of common stock and
Preferred Stock of DNAP were converted into the number of shares of common stock
of Bionova Holding specified in the Merger Agreement. The plaintiffs allege that
the Proxy Statement/Prospectus distributed to DNAP's stockholders in connection
with the merger contained material misrepresentations and omitted to state
material facts. Both DNAP and Bionova Holding, as well as certain former and
current directors of DNAP and Bionova Holding, have been named as defendants in
this matter. The plaintiffs claim to have been damaged by the alleged actions of
the defendants and therefore the plaintiffs seek
14
unspecified actual damages, reimbursement of their litigation costs and
expenses, and equitable relief, including rescission of the Merger. The
plaintiffs also allege that they were entitled to receive, and seek specific
performance of, special conversion privileges under the terms of the Certificate
of Designation that established the Preferred Stock. On March 8, 2000, the court
dismissed nearly all of the plaintiffs' claims, and subsequently the plaintiffs
filed an amended complaint with respect to some of the dismissed claims. On
September 19, 2000, the court ruled in favor of Bionova Holding and DNAP and
dismissed all of the plaintiffs' claims. The plaintiffs have appealed this
judgment to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which heard
arguments on the matter on February 12, 2002. Bionova Holding and DNAP deny any
wrongdoing and liability in this matter and intend to vigorously contest this
lawsuit.
DNAP has been named as a defendant in several lawsuits asserting claims
against DNAP relating to research DNAP performed from 1983 through 1994 for
Brown & Williamson Tobacco Company ("B&W"). In general, the cases allege that
DNAP engaged in unfair business practices under California law and/or
participated in an alleged conspiracy among cigarette manufacturers to deceive
the public regarding the hazards of smoking. All of the pending cases are in
California state courts. In December 1999, B&W agreed to indemnify DNAP against
all costs (including costs of defense and of costs of any judgment or
settlement) incurred by DNAP in connection with these cases and any similar
cases in the future. Therefore, management no longer believes that these cases
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition or
results of operations. DNAP denies any wrongdoing or liability in these matters
and intends to vigorously contest these lawsuits.
ABSA owns fifty-one hectares (approximately 126 acres) of rural land in the
State of Sinaloa, Mexico, which had been the subject of a judicial proceeding
pending in Mexico initiated by a group of campesinos. The petitioners requested
that ownership of the land be transferred to them based on the fact that, at
some time prior to ABSA's ownership of the land, the land was not cultivated for
more than two consecutive years without good reason. The court previously upheld
the petition and ordered the land transferred to the petitioners, and ABSA filed
a challenge to that ruling. On May 14, 1999, the appellate court agreed with
ABSA and ordered that a new judgment be entered in ABSA's favor. On
September 15, 2000, a new judgment was entered in ABSA's favor, and the
petitioners then filed a challenge to that ruling. In July, 2001, the court
ruled against the appellants and in favor of ABSA, such that this case has now
been concluded in favor of ABSA.
ABSA owns one hundred hectares (approximately 247 acres) of rural land in
the State of Sinaloa, Mexico, which is the subject of a judicial proceeding
pending in Mexico initiated by a group of campesinos. The petitioners asserted
that a previous owner of the subject land, Miguel Angel Suarez, owned rural land
in excess of the maximum that was then allowed by law and that therefore the
land rightfully belonged to them. On September 25, 1996, the court upheld the
petition and ordered the land turned over to the petitioners. The court also
ruled that the transfer of the property to Olga Elena Batiz Esquer on June 2,
1990 was null and void, which would mean that the transfer of the land by
Ms. Batiz to ABSA in 1993 was ineffective. On October 23, 1996, Ms. Batiz, who
was a party to the trial court proceeding, filed a challenge to the judicial
determination based on alleged violations of her constitutional rights and
procedural and substantive errors in the trial court proceedings. If ABSA is
ultimately required to transfer the subject land, which constitutes
approximately 7.7% of the total agricultural land owned by ABSA. Mexican law
gives ABSA limited indemnification rights against the State of Sinaloa and
Ms. Batiz.
On June 16, 2000, a lawsuit styled SANTA CRUZ EMPACADORA, S. DE R.L. DE
C.V., V. R.B. PACKING OF CALIFORNIA, INC. was filed in the United States
District Court for the Southern District of California. R.B. Packing of
California, Inc., a subsidiary of Bionova Holding, was the United States
distributor of fresh produce sold by the plaintiff. The plaintiff alleges that
R.B. Packing of California, Inc. sold Santa Cruz produce to related companies at
below market prices and thereby engaged in unfair conduct, fraud and breach of
statutory and fiduciary duties. The plaintiff seeks an unspecified amount of
15
compensatory and punitive damages. R.B. Packing of California, Inc. denies any
wrongdoing or liability in this matter and intends to vigorously contest this
lawsuit.
In 2000, ABSA filed a lawsuit against Santa Cruz Empacadora, S. de R.L. de
C.V., in the Civil Court for the First Judicial District of the State of Nuevo
Leon, Mexico. In this proceeding ABSA is seeking to enforce an agreement dated
December 31, 1999 in which Santa Cruz Empacadora expressly acknowledged its debt
to ABSA and granted a security interest in land and equipment to ABSA to secure
the debt. ABSA is seeking to recover $10.1 million in principal and interest and
to compel Santa Cruz to comply with the terms of the Agreement.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Not applicable.
16
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The Company's Common Stock currently is quoted on the American Stock
Exchange under the symbol "BVA."
Public trading of the Company's Common Stock commenced on September 27,
1996, the date after the Company acquired DNAP and from that date through
November 3, 1999 was listed on the Nasdaq National Market. Prior to that date,
there was no public market for the Common Stock. On November 4, 1999 Bionova
Holding Corporation's common stock began trading on the American Stock Exchange.
The following table sets forth the high and low trading prices per share for
the Common Stock as reported on the American Stock Exchange for the periods
indicated.
HIGH LOW
-------- --------
2001
First Quarter............................................... $2.188 $1.100
Second Quarter.............................................. 1.600 1.060
Third Quarter............................................... 1.400 0.400
Fourth Quarter.............................................. 0.750 0.100
2000
First Quarter............................................... $4.375 $1.188
Second Quarter.............................................. 3.625 0.750
Third Quarter............................................... 3.313 1.375
Fourth Quarter.............................................. 2.625 0.750
On March 25, 2002 the last reported sale price of the Common Stock on the
American Stock Exchange was $0.41 per share. As of March 13, 2002 there were
1,506 shareholders of record of the Common Stock.
The Company has never paid cash dividends. Management intends to retain any
future earnings for payment of outstanding indebtedness and for the operation
and expansion of the Company's business and does not anticipate paying any cash
dividends in the foreseeable future.
17
ITEM 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The selected consolidated financial data set forth below for each of the
years in the five year period ended December 31, 2001, are derived from the
consolidated financial statements of Bionova Holding. The consolidated balance
sheets as of December 31, 2001 and 2000, and the consolidated statements of
operations for the three years in the period ended December 31, 2001, are
included elsewhere in this Form 10-K, and the selected consolidated financial
information set forth below should be read in conjunction with such financial
statements and related notes.
(THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA:
Total revenues.......................... $ 207,600 $ 226,256 $ 242,359 $ 262,111 $ 281,198
Gross profit............................ 23,315 13,199 10,139 26,509 18,485
Selling and administrative expenses..... (23,279) (29,019) (27,430) (25,151) (26,660)
Research and development expenses....... (4,370) (6,200) (6,442) (5,846) (5,072)
Write-off of purchased research and
development........................... -- -- -- -- (2,815)
Loss on sale of assets.................. (8,771) (550) -- -- --
Impairment of assets.................... (29,953) -- -- -- --
Amortization of goodwill, patents and
trademarks............................ (3,174) (3,501) (3,345) (2,940) (2,407)
Operating loss.......................... (46,232) (26,071) (27,078) (7,428) (18,469)
Interest expense, net................... (7,778) (15,371) (14,183) (6,697) (3,740)
Exchange (loss) gain, net............... (536) 381 905 (1,762) (481)
Shareholder litigation expense.......... (1,300) -- -- -- --
Other non-operating (expense) income,
net................................... 385 (187) -- 137 (182)
Loss before income taxes................ (55,461) (41,248) (40,356) (15,750) (22,872)
Extraordinary gain due to interest
reversal.............................. -- 9,852 -- -- --
Extraordinary loss on retirement of
floating rate notes................... -- (1,917) -- -- --
Income tax expense...................... (672) (643) (978) (456) (1,426)
Minority interests...................... (461) 1,545 2,685 601 3,986
Net loss................................ (56,594) (32,411) (38,649) (15,605) (20,312)
Net loss per common share--basic and
diluted............................... $ (2.40) $ (1.37) $ (1.64) $ (0.80) $ (1.11)
Weighted average number of common shares
outstanding........................... 23,588,031 23,588,031 23,588,031 19,603,320 18,370,640
DECEMBER 31,
----------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998 1997
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Cash and cash equivalents................. $ 2,463 $ 3,536 $ 4,510 $ 15,405 $ 6,600
Accounts receivable and advances to
growers, net............................ 28,738 41,704 33,650 40,406 38,088
Inventories, net.......................... 12,797 17,910 17,218 16,478 17,779
Total current assets...................... 49,322 64,136 57,149 74,052 63,085
Total assets.............................. 96,839 155,307 161,953 167,686 147,249
Bank loans and current portion of
long-term debt.......................... 9,550 21,878 25,903 81,309 53,805
Total current liabilities................. 117,937 117,847 56,728 120,095 109,384
Long-term debt............................ 558 203 100,252 4,225 7,215
Stockholders' equity (deficit)............ (21,820) 35,188 3,384 42,117 28,356
18
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the selected
consolidated financial information of Bionova Holding and the consolidated
financial statements and related notes of Bionova Holding included elsewhere in
this Form 10-K.
OVERVIEW
For operating and financial reporting purposes, the Company historically has
classified its business into three fundamental areas: (1) FARMING, which
consists principally of interests in Company-owned fresh produce production
facilities and joint ventures or contract growing arrangements with other
growers; (2) DISTRIBUTION, consisting principally of interests in sales and
distribution companies in Mexico, the United States and Canada; and
(3) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (OR TECHNOLOGY), consisting of business units
focused on the development of fruits and vegetables and/or intellectual
properties associated with these development efforts. The Farming and
Distribution segments are collectively referred to as the Fresh Produce
Business.
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In July 2001, the Financial Accounting and Standards Board ("FASB") issued
Statements of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 ("SFAS 141"), "Business
Combinations," and No. 142 ("SFAS 142"), "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets."
SFAS 141 requires that all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001
be accounted for under the purchase method. Use of the pooling-of-interests
method is no longer permitted. SFAS 142 requires that goodwill no longer be
amortized to earnings, but instead be reviewed for impairment upon initial
adoption of the Statement and on an annual basis going forward. The
amortization provisions of FAS 142 apply to goodwill and intangible assets
acquired after June 30, 2001. With respect to goodwill and intangible assets
acquired prior to July 1, 2001, Bionova Holding is required to adopt FAS 142
effective January 1, 2002. We believe that adoption of these standards will have
no impact on our financial statements.
In October 2001, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 144 ("SFAS No. 144"), "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of
Long-Lived Assets," which is effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2001 and interim periods within those fiscal periods. This
Statement supersedes FASB Statement No. 121 and APB 30, however, this Statement
retains the requirement of Opinion 30 to report discontinued operations
separately from continuing operations and extends that reporting to a component
of an entity that either has been disposed of (by sale, by abandonment, or in a
distribution to owners) or is classified as held for sale. This Statement
addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment of certain
long-lived assets and for long-lived assets to be disposed of. Management does
not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 144 to have a material impact on the
Company's financial position and results of operations.
IMPAIRMENT OF GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
In December 2001, in connection with its ongoing review of business
operations, the Company conducted a strategic and financial examination of its
business segments. This examination triggered an impairment review of certain
long-lived assets, including goodwill, patents and trademarks. The Company
calculated the present value of expected cash flows of its fresh produce and
technology businesses to determine the fair value of those assets. Accordingly,
the Company recorded charges of $21.9 million and $8.0 million for the
impairment of its goodwill and patents and trademarks, respectively, related to
the fresh produce and technology businesses. The Company's technology assets
became impaired because of (i) the decision to terminate VPP's breeding program
and dispose of the related assets and (ii) the change in DNAP's technology
strategy from a focus on quality trait
19
improvements and the commercialization of fruits and vegetables using these
traits to a technology program focused on disease and nematode resistance traits
with value deriving from the sale or licensing of these traits. The Company's
fresh produce assets were determined to have become impaired based on the future
outlook for cash flows of the fresh produce business taking into account its
failure to generate a positive annual cash flow in each of the past six years
and an analysis of the reasons underlying this performance failure. The various
components of these impairment charges are broken out by business segment in the
discussion which follows.
Because the Company has no goodwill remaining on its balance sheet and the
reduction in the book value of the patents and trademarks of DNAP and VPP, the
Company's amortization expense in future years will decline to $0.2 million per
year as compared with the $3.1 million expense recorded in 2001.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2000
Consolidated total revenues declined to $207.6 million for the year ended
December 31, 2001 from $226.3 million in 2000, consolidated gross profit (sales
less cost of sales) increased from $13.2 million in 2000 to $23.3 million in
2001, and the Company's consolidated operating loss increased from
$26.1 million in 2000 to $46.2 million in 2001.
FARMING segment revenues, the majority of which are eliminated in
consolidation, for the year ended December 31, 2001 were $57.5 million as
compared with $41.4 million during 2000. Farming segment gross profit improved
from a loss of $3.1 million in 2000 to a profit of $0.4 million in 2001. The
operating loss in this segment increased from $12.7 million in 2000 to
$13.4 million in 2001. Improved weather and significantly better market pricing
were the most important factors in the improved production and sales from
Culiacan during the first quarter of 2001 as compared with the same quarter in
2000. Production volumes in this region increased by 18% and sales improved by
36%, or $8.5 million. In conjunction with the Company's strategy to better
manage its risk of production, ABSA significantly curtailed its own production
of "commodity" products in favor of establishing production contracts with third
party growers who then shipped their product to be packaged by ABSA and
distributed by the Company's distribution operations. ABSA's production on its
own land is now concentrated on higher value products (e.g., mini-sweet peppers
and full flavor tomatoes) for which the Company holds proprietary rights or has
some other form of competitive advantage in production. Other significant
components of the overall improvement in ABSA's sales were the addition of 494
acres of production from Obregon, which accounted for $2.8 million in
incremental sales between 2000 and 2001, and incremental grape sales of
$2.6 million, which had been down significantly in 2000 due to an onslaught of
Chilean grapes exported to the U.S. markets during that year.
The improvement in gross margin stemmed directly from the improved sales.
Still, the gross margin at 0.7% of sales in 2001 was far less than the Company
has been forecasting it would achieve from this segment of the business. The
Company expects gross margins to improve if it is able to continue to increase
its sales of the higher value products for which it obtains better prices and
margins, and on which it is now concentrating an ever-increasing proportion of
its resources.
The increase in ABSA's operating loss from 2000 to 2001 was a consequence of
the $8.6 million write off of goodwill taken at year-end 2001. This goodwill
emanated from Bionova Mexico's purchase of 50.004% of ABSA in 1993 (which was
contributed to Bionova Holding in 1996) and increased when Bionova Holding,
together with Savia, bought out all of the remaining minority interests in ABSA
that had been held by the Batiz family in 1997.
Revenues of the DISTRIBUTION segment declined from $222.6 million for the
year ended December 31, 2000 to $198.1 million for the year ended December 31,
2001. Distribution segment gross
20
profit increased 52% from $12.4 million in 2000 to $18.8 million in 2001, while
the operating loss for this segment increased from $2.1 million in 2000 to
$5.9 million in 2001. The revenue decline was a consequence of the sale of
Taminura Distributing Inc. in February 2001 which had sales of $30.4 million in
2000 (none were recorded for TDI in 2001 due to the provisions of the contract
of sale) and Interfruver, in November 2001, which sold $22.2 million more on
behalf of the Company in 2000 as compared with the January through October
period of 2001. These declines were offset in part by $19.6 million in higher
revenues of the U.S. and Canadian distribution companies in 2001 as compared
with 2000, which was attributable to 13% higher average prices for the Company's
fresh produce products in these markets in 2001. The increase in the operating
loss from 2000 to 2001 was directly attributable to the $5.7 million charge
recorded to write off all of the goodwill in this segment of the business and
$5.4 million of losses incurred on the sale of the TDI and Interfruver
businesses in 2001. These charges were offset in part by a significantly reduced
level of write offs of grower financed production, higher volumes, and the
better pricing environment in 2001 as compared with 2000.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT revenues declined from $3.5 million for the year
ended December 31, 2000 to $3.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2001,
and the operating loss in this segment increased from $7.1 million in 2000 to
$23.4 million in 2001. The decline in revenues was attributable to a lower level
of activity performed with Seminis. Seminis contract revenues on a monthly basis
were reduced by 45% in conjunction with the staff reductions undertaken during
the second quarter of 2001 to conserve cash resources and refocus the technology
group on more promising long-term technology opportunities. Research work on
behalf of Seminis was charged at direct costs of scientists working on the
projects plus an allocation of overhead, and accordingly, generated very little
profit for DNAP. This 45% reduction in the revenues arising from the Seminis
contract is expected to continue through 2002, such that the revenues for the
full year 2002 will be lower than 2001. The staffing reductions resulted in a
positive $1.2 million impact on the bottom line, as the $0.4 million
restructuring expenses generated a $1.6 million savings in compensation-related
costs in 2001 as compared with 2000. The higher operating loss in 2001 as
compared with 2000 was a consequence of the write offs of goodwill and patents
and trademarks in 2001. The write off of goodwill amounted to $7.6 million at
DNAP. Losses on the sale of strawberry assets associated with the
discontinuation of VPP's breeding business totaled $3.4 million, and impairment
losses of the patents and trademarks of DNAP resulted in a write off of
$8.0 million.
Consolidated selling and administrative expenses decreased from
$29.0 million in 2000 to $23.3 million in 2001 due to significant staffing
reductions in both the fresh produce and research and development segments
undertaken over this two year period.
The non-cash charge for amortization of goodwill, patents and trademarks
decreased by $0.3 million in 2001 as compared with 2000 due to the
re-classification of the Company's strawberry breeding assets as assets held for
sale in the third quarter of 2001 and their subsequent sale prior to year-end.
Interest expense declined from $17.5 million in 2000 to $9.8 million in 2001
due to the lower average level of debt outstanding in 2001 as compared with
2000. The lower level of debt came about due to the capitalization of
$63.7 million of the Company's debt completed on December 28, 2000. Interest
income increased by $0.2 million from 2000 to 2001 due primarily to a higher
level of cash advances to growers in 2001 as compared with 2000.
Due to a decline in the current monetary assets (which excludes inventories)
and an increase in non-monetary assets of the Company's foreign subsidiaries in
2001, the Company experienced a net foreign exchange loss of $0.5 million in
2001 as compared with a net foreign exchange gain of $0.4 million in 2000.
Current monetary assets are translated at year-end exchange rates while non-
monetary assets are translated at historical rates. While both the Mexican peso
and Canadian dollar
21
strengthened in 2001, the decline in monetary assets and the increase in
non-monetary assets more than offset the improvement in the exchange rates of
these foreign currencies.
For 2001, the share of profits in subsidiaries allocable to minority
interests was $0.5 million as compared with $1.5 million that was the share of
losses in subsidiaries allocable to minority interests in 2000. These
allocations of losses for the years of 2001 and 2000, respectively, were
consistent with the minority positions held across the operating subsidiaries of
the Company.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2000 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1999
Consolidated total revenues declined to $226.3 million for the year ended
December 31, 2000 from $242.4 million in 1999, consolidated gross profit (sales
less cost of sales) increased from $10.1 million in 1999 to $13.2 million in
2000, and the Company's consolidated operating loss decreased from
$27.1 million in 1999 to $26.1 million in 2000.
FARMING segment revenues, the majority of which are eliminated in
consolidation, declined from $59.0 million in 1999 to $41.4 million in 2000 due
to (i) the very heavy production of tomatoes from Florida and grapes from Chile,
which kept prices very low throughout the first six months of 2000, (ii) the
curtailment of production volumes during certain weeks in the first half of the
year due to the low prices, and (iii) the termination in March 2000 of ABSA's
joint venture arrangement with Santa Cruz Empacadora, S. de R.L. de C.V., a
grower based in Baja California Sur, which led to a substantial reduction in
production volume in the second half of 2000. The operating loss of the Farming
segment declined from $16.8 million in 1999 to $12.7 million in 2000. This
reduction in the operating loss was due to the termination of ABSA's joint
ventures, which experienced large losses in 1999.
Revenues of the DISTRIBUTION segment decreased from $236.1 million in 1999
to $222.6 million in 2000. This decline was largely a consequence of the volume
reduction stemming from the termination of the Santa Cruz joint venture, which
most severely affected the U.S. distribution companies. Premier Fruits and
Vegetables in Canada (+6%) and Interfruver in Mexico (+10%) were able to
continue their strong performances in 2000 versus 1999 because of the greater
variety of products they sell as compared with the Company's U.S. distribution
subsidiaries. The operating loss of the Distribution segment increased from
$1.7 million in 1999 to $2.1 million in 2000 and was concentrated in the
Company's largest shipping and distributing subsidiaries--Bionova Produce, Inc.
in Nogales, Arizona and Interfruver in Mexico. The primary factors that
contributed to the larger operating loss of Bionova Produce, Inc. were (i) a
$16.9 million sales decrease emanating from a reduction in grape volumes and
prices which impacted commissions earned and (ii) a $3.1 million write off of
growers and accounts receivables (as compared with a $2.0 million write off in
1999) in conjunction with the termination of a contract with a Mexican grower of
mangoes, papaya, and other fruit products on which the Company had lost money
over the past two years. Interfruver's operating profit declined by
$0.8 million from 1999 to 2000 due largely to higher selling and administrative
expenses incurred for consulting and other services.
Revenues of the RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT segment declined from $5.5 million
in 1999 to $3.5 million in 2000. The most significant factor accounting for this
decline in revenues was a "catchup" payment made by Savia to DNAP in 1999. Under
the long-term founded research agreement between Savia and DNAP (which was
terminated on December 29, 2000), Savia was obligated to fund DNAP at least
$9.0 million in research payments over each three year period, the first of
which ended on September 30, 1999. To meet this obligation Savia paid DNAP
$1.5 million in 1999. The decline in revenues translated directly to lower gross
profit generation in this segment of the business. Research expenses decreased
by $0.2 million due primarily to a reduction in supervisory personnel. The lower
gross profit, offset in part by the lower research expenses, led to an operating
loss in the Research and Development Segment of $7.1 million in 2000, as
compared with an operating loss of $5.7 million in 1999.
22
Consolidated selling and administrative expenses increased from
$27.4 million in 1999 to $29.0 million in 2000. This increase was due to higher
professional fees and severance payments associated with the re-structuring of
the Company's fresh produce operations, higher legal expenses associated with
shareholder litigation cases, and a special charge incurred by Interfruver for
outside services and consulting advice in connection with its expansion strategy
and operations during the first six months of 2000, offset in part by the
benefits of the re-structuring during the second half of the year.
Interest expense increased from $16.0 million in 1999 to $17.5 million in
2000 due to a higher overall level of debt outstanding and the amortization of
the debt issuance costs upon the retirement in April 2000 of the Company's
Senior Guaranteed Floating Rate Notes issued on March 22, 1999.
Interest income increased from $1.8 million in 1999 to $2.1 million in 2000
due to a higher level of grower receivables that came about from a shift in
ABSA's strategy to reduce its own farming activity and utilize third party
growers to provide an increasing proportion of ABSA's supply.
An extraordinary charge of $1.9 million was recorded in the second quarter
of 2000 to recognize the remaining balance of up front fees paid for the
Floating Rate Note facility that was retired in April 2000. An extraordinary
gain of $9.9 million was recognized at year-end 2000 due to the reversal of
accrued interest that was accounted for as a capital contribution in conjunction
with the agreements that were signed on December 28, 2000.
For 2000, the share of losses allocable to minority interests was
$1.5 million as compared with minority interest losses of $2.7 million in 1999.
These allocations of losses for the years of 2000 and 1999, respectively, were
consistent with the minority positions held across the operating subsidiaries of
the Company.
Income tax expense declined from $1.0 million in 1999 to $0.6 million in
2000. This decline was due primarily to a reduction in the income of Interfruver
from 1999 to 2000.
QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth selected items from our statements of
operations for each of the four quarters ended December 31, 2001 and each of the
four quarters ended December 31, 2000. This data has been derived from unaudited
financial statements that, in the opinion of our management, include all
adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a
fair presentation of such information when read in conjunction with our audited
financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
The operating results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results
for any future period.
THOUSANDS OF U. S. DOLLARS
(EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DEC. 31, SEP. 30, JUN. 30, MAR. 31, DEC. 31, SEP. 30, JUN. 30, MAR. 31,
2001 2001 2001 2001 2000 2000 2000 2000
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Sales.................... 43,594 35,428 62,335 66,243 58,580 39,835 70,239 57,602
Gross profit............. 12,399 (2,672) (122) 13,710 6,231 2,294 1,537 3,137
Net profit (loss)........ (37,094) (15,813) (8,343) 4,656 1,448 (9,828) (14,350) (9,681)
Net profit (loss) per
share.................. (1.57) (0.67) (0.35) 0.20 0.06 (0.42) (0.61) (0.41)
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
During 2001, the Company made capital investments of $5.4 million in
property, plant and equipment, of which $3.6 million was spent in the FARMING
segment of the Company's business, $1.7 million in the DISTRIBUTION segment, and
$0.1 million in RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. Major investment projects in 2001
included the reconstruction of a packing shed in
23
Culiacan which had been damaged by fire, the acquisition and installation of a
fully automatic tomato sorting and packing line, and the purchase of 200
hectares of farm land in Guerrero, Mexico. The Company currently projects
capital spending of $1 million in 2002, which is focused on the construction of
hothouses used for the growing of tomatoes in the state of Baja California Sur
in Mexico.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
For the year ended December 31, 2001, the Company used $3.5 million of cash
in operating activities. The great majority of this cash usage in operations was
associated with the losses sustained by the Company ($56.6 million), offset to a
large extent by non-cash items ($45.9 million). The positive cash flow impact of
changes in accounts receivable and advances to growers of $0.6 million was due
to stronger collection efforts. Inventories increased by $0.4 million reflecting
the investment in the Farming segment for the new harvesting season, primarily
materials for packing. Other assets increased by $1.5 million due to various
prepayments of insurance, leases and rents.
For the year ended December 31, 2001, the Company used $4.8 million in
investing activities, which included the $5.4 million spent on property, plant,
and equipment, as discussed above, and $0.7 million received in 2001, net of
cash acquired, on the sales of VPP's strawberry assets, Tanimura
Distributing, Inc., and Interfruver.
Net cash provided by financing activities in 2001 totaled $7.2 million. Net
borrowings from U.S. banks increased by $5.1 million which was used to fund
grower advances, other operational needs and capital investments of the fresh
produce business. In 2001 ABSA retired all of its short-term debt facilities
with Mexican banks, which totaled $15.0 million at January 1, 2001. Savia
provided all of the funds towards the retirement of these debt facilities.
(Savia provided an additional $5.0 million for the retirement of Mexican bank
debt in December 2000.) Savia also provided funds to support the Company's
technology business and the payment of corporate overhead under a cash support
agreement, which is discussed below. In total, Savia provided Bionova Holding
and its subsidiaries with $17.1 million of cash in 2001.
On December 28, 2000 Bionova Holding entered into two agreements with Savia,
which were intended to substantially change the business and financial structure
of the Company. The Purchase Agreement ("Purchase Agreement"), to which Savia's
subsidiary Ag-Biotech Capital, LLC is also a party, provided that Bionova
Holding would sell its fresh produce farming and distribution business
(including all of the debt and liabilities of the fresh produce business) to
Savia for $48 million. In acquiring the fresh produce business Savia would
purchase 100% of the shares held by Bionova Holding in ABSA and IPHC. The
purchase price for the fresh produce business was to be paid by the application
of $48 million of advances previously made by Savia to Bionova Holding.
As a component of the Purchase Agreement, on December 29, 2000 Bionova
Holding issued 200 shares of convertible preferred stock to Bionova
International for $63.7 million, which was paid through the application of all
of the remaining outstanding advances previously made by Savia to Bionova
Holding (other than the $48 million which was to be applied to the sale of the
fresh produce business). The 200 shares of preferred stock, all of which Bionova
International has transferred to Ag-Biotech Capital, LLC, are convertible into
23,156,116 shares of common stock (a conversion ratio based on $2.75 per share)
at any time after adoption and filing by the Company of a charter amendment
increasing the authorized number of shares of Common Stock to at least
70,000,000. The Company will not receive any additional consideration upon the
conversion of the preferred stock.
Bionova Holding and Savia also entered into a Cash Support Agreement for
2001. This agreement provided that, during 2001, Savia would advance funds to
Bionova Holding as requested to finance Bionova Holding's technology business.
During 2001, Savia advanced $7.5 million under this Agreement. These advances
are to be applied to the purchase by Savia (i.e., exchanged for) of additional
common shares if and when the sale of the fresh produce business is closed. The
purchase
24
price to be paid by Savia for the additional shares under the Cash Support
Agreement will be $2.50 per share, subject to certain adjustments if the market
price exceeds $2.50. If the sale of the fresh produce business is completed
pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, and the preferred stock is converted to
common stock as described above, then the capitalization of the amounts advanced
under the Cash Support Agreement will increase Savia's beneficial interest in
Bionova Holding to 89.1%. As of January 1, 2002, it is not expected that Savia
will make any further advances to the Company.
By completing these transactions the Company expected to eliminate
$111.7 million of advances due to Savia in March 2002, an obligation the Company
believed it probably would not be able to meet. In addition, the Company was to
be freed of all debt obligations associated with the fresh produce business.
When the sale of the fresh produce business was completed, and in conjunction
with the Cash Support Agreement, the Company would have no outstanding related
party advances or third party debt. The Company expected to spend its entire
energies in 2001 in refining its technology strategy and raise a first round of
new financing to fund its technology business through a period of time to
demonstrate the efficacy of its strategy.
Efforts during 2001 to raise new financing and complete contracts with new
research partners failed to result in any commitments, in part due to market
conditions and in part due to the perceived uncertainty about the Company
arising from the appellate court ruling in favor of the Grace Brothers in
January 2001 and the judgment granted in favor of the Grace Brothers in an
amount of $6.4 million in August 2001. While the Company, with the financial
assistance of Savia, finally settled the Grace Brothers litigation in
December 2001, the Company then had to confront the implications of the
termination of Savia's cash support as of December 31, 2001 and the increasing
magnitude of Bionova Holding's indebtedness to Savia. Also, as a consequence of
the significant financial losses sustained in 2001, Bionova Holding's
stockholders' equity had become a deficit of $21.8 million at December 31, 2001.
Company management and its Board of Directors have been and are continuing
to explore their options in 2002 and beyond. Among the options being considered
is the possible cancellation of the sale of the fresh produce business to Savia.
With the re-structuring of the business operations undertaken in 2000-2001, on a
pro-forma basis, the fresh produce business generated its first operating
profit, albeit only $0.4 million, for the first time since 1995. The pro-forma
basis excludes the charge for the impairment of the goodwill of the fresh
produce business and the losses recorded on the divestitures of Interfruver and
TDI. However, after interest and taxes, the fresh produce business still
experienced a net loss for the year. Projections of this business segment for
2002 reflect a continuing improvement in operating profit, but this improvement
remains a function of effective execution of its strategy along with favorable
weather and economic industry conditions that are outside of its control.
As a consequence of indefinitely postponing the sale of the fresh produce
business, this segment of the business no longer will be treated as discontinued
operations and the advances by Savia have now been re-characterized as
short-term debt. Bionova Holding's balance sheet at December 31, 2001 reflected
that the Company was in a position of technical insolvency, as its current
assets of $49.3 million fell far short of its current liabilities of
$117.9 million. Bank debt and debt to Savia and Savia's subsidiaries constituted
$98.8 million of the current liabilities.
All of the Company's $10.1 million of bank debt ($9.5 million of which was
current) is associated with Bionova Produce, Inc. There are three primary
components to this debt. Bionova Produce, Inc. had a $6 million revolving line
of credit, the principal of which is due in full on September 30, 2002. Interest
is charged at the U.S. prime rate of interest (4.5% at December 31, 2001), and
interest payments are made on a monthly basis. The line is secured by a pledge
of Bionova Produce, Inc.'s accounts receivable, inventory and general
intangibles and is guaranteed by Savia. The key covenants associated with this
line of credit are that Bionova Produce, Inc. must maintain a minimum net worth
of $7.5 million, a current ratio of at least 1.1 to 1, and a year-end leverage
ratio (debt to tangible net
25
worth) of no more than 2.0 to 1. All other debt of Bionova Produce, Inc. to
Savia is subordinated to the bank, additional borrowings in excess of
$0.5 million require bank approval, and Bionova Produce, Inc. may not loan or
advance money to Savia or Seminis. The second component of the debt is a
five-year loan secured by real property and is guaranteed by Savia. The loan is
for $0.7 million and is due August 30, 2006. Principal and interest payments of
approximately $15,000 are due monthly. The interest rate on this debt is 8.25%
per annum. The third component of the bank debt is a term loan in an amount of
$2.5 million which is due on June 30, 2002. Interest is charged at the U.S.
prime rate of interest plus 1% and is to be paid on a monthly basis. This term
loan is secured by real estate in Nogales, Arizona and San Diego, California and
is guaranteed by Savia. The loan is subject to the same net worth and other
financial covenants as the revolving line of credit. In conjunction with Savia's
loan guarantees, Savia has taken liens on certain of ABSA's assets as security
for this debt.
At December 31, 2001 Bionova Holding and its subsidiaries were indebted to
Savia and its subsidiaries (other than Bionova Holding) in a total amount of
$89.3 million. Of this total $19.1 million was owed by ABSA and is accruing
interest at a rate of approximately 9% per annum. Bionova Holding had debt of
$62.9 million to Savia, which consisted of the $48 million of advances made in
April 2000, $7.5 million of advances made to Bionova Holding by Savia in 2001
under a cash support agreement, and $7.4 million of interest that had accrued on
this debt. The Bionova Holding debt currently is accruing interest at a rate of
approximately 12.25% per annum. Other subsidiaries of Bionova Holding had
related party accounts due to Savia and its subsidiaries that accounted for the
balance of the $7.3 million. All of the Bionova Holding debt originally was due
to be paid by March 23, 2002, but was extended by agreement between Bionova
Holding and Savia until December 31, 2002. The other related party accounts due
to Savia and its subsidiaries have varying maturities, and all are due at
various times during 2002. At this time, Bionova Holding does not know how this
indebtedness will be handled.
In addition to the Board of Director's decision to postpone the sale of the
Company's fresh produce business, the other significant action being undertaken
by the Company is the aggressive pursuit of a variety of alternatives for its
technology business, including new research contracts, partnerships, third party
financing, and the sale of assets. Cash resources emanating from Bionova
Holding's fresh produce business during the first half of 2002 are highly
dependent on the outcome of the Culiacan harvest season, which will end in
May 2002. To date, production and revenues, and hence cash generation, have run
well below projections due to weather conditions that delayed the harvest and
low prices for its product during the months of February and March. The Company
remains hopeful that it will make up the deficiency during the months of April
and May. If the Company does not meet its cash projections for the harvest
season, in all likelihood Bionova Holding will have to cut back and/or terminate
some business operations.
There can be no assurance that these actions will result in sufficient
working capital to significantly improve the Company's current financial
position or its results of operations. The Company also must find a solution to
the $89.3 million of debt plus the interest which is accruing that is due to
Savia and its subsidiaries during 2002. While the Company is actively seeking to
develop alternative sources of funding, there can be no assurance the Company
will be able to meet its obligations in 2002 nor secure funds to take it beyond
the 2002 calendar year. Additional financing may not be available to the Company
on favorable terms, if at all. If the Company is unable to obtain financing, or
to obtain it on acceptable terms, Bionova Holding may be unable to execute its
business plan.
As a result of the Company's current financial position caused by its
operating losses during the prior years and its financial projections for this
year and beyond, there is substantial doubt about the Company's ability to
continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not
include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
26
IMPACTS OF THE RETENTION OF THE FRESH PRODUCE BUSINESS
In December 2000 Bionova Holding agreed to sell its fresh produce business
to Savia. The Company subsequently treated this business segment (i) as
discontinued operations on its statement of operations for the years ended
December 31, 2000, 1999, and 1998, (ii) as net assets of discontinued operations
on its balance sheet for the year ended December 31, 2000, and (iii) as
discontinued operations and net assets of discontinued operations in its
financial statements filed for the quarters ended March 31, June 30, and
September 30, 2001. For reasons identified in previous sections of this 10-K,
the Company did not proceed to complete the sale in 2001 and has no current
plans to do so. Therefore, the results of operations of the fresh produce
business have been reclassified from discontinued operations to continuing
operations for these prior periods and the net assets from discontinued
operations in the December 31, 2000 balance sheet were reclassified to their
respective balance sheet accounts. Note 4 to the consolidated financial
statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K provides the accounting for
total segment assets, liabilities, revenues, and operating losses for each of
the years the fresh produce business was reported as discontinued operations.
For accounting purposes, the pending sale of the fresh produce business was
accounted for as a transaction between entities under common control. No gain or
loss was recognized on the transaction as any differences between cash received
and assets transferred to the parent would have been treated as capital
contributions or distributions.
The fresh produce business has had highly material effects on the results of
operations for each of the three years ended December 31, 2001, 2000, and 1999.
Revenues from this business segment were $204.4 million, $222.8 million, and
$236.8 million in 2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively. These revenues represented
98.5%, 98.5%, and 97.7% of total Bionova Holding revenues for each of these
three years, respectively. The operating losses associated with the fresh
produce business in 2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively, were $19.4 million,
$14.8 million, and $18.5 million, as compared with total Company operating
losses for each of these three years of $55.5 million, $41.2 million, and
$40.4 million, respectively. Capital spending by the Company in 2001 was
dominated by the fresh produce business. The fresh produce business accounted
for $5.3 million out of the total of $5.4 million in capital expenditures made
in 2001.
A primary consideration in the decision to retain the fresh produce business
is its potential to generate positive cash flows. As this business segment has
not achieved a positive annual net cash flow in the six years it has been a part
of Bionova Holding, there is considerable risk as to whether it will be able to
generate consistently positive cash flows to support the Company's cash needs in
the future. Furthermore, in retaining the fresh produce business and failing to
execute against the Purchase Agreement, the Company failed to relieve itself of
the $89.3 million of indebtedness that Bionova Holding and its subsidiaries are
obligated to Savia and its subsidiaries along with the $10.1 million of bank
debt held by the Company's fresh produce subsidiaries.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Bionova Holding's discussion and analysis of its financial condition and
results of operations are based upon its consolidated financial statements,
which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial
statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the
reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, the
Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to revenues and costs
of revenues, receivables, inventories, and intangible assets. The Company bases
its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are
believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the
basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities
that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from
these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The Company believes
the
27
following critical accounting policies affect its more significant judgments and
estimates used in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements. (See
Note 2 of the Notes of Consolidated Financial Statements)
REVENUES, COST OF SALES, AND INVENTORIES
Revenue from product development activities is recognized during the period
the Company performs the development efforts in accordance with the terms of the
agreements and activities undertaken. The revenue is recognized as earned over
the term of the agreement, in accordance with the performance effort. Revenue
that is related to future performance under such agreements is deferred and
recognized as revenue when earned. Revenue from fresh produce sales is
recognized when the product is shipped, net of an allowance for estimated
returns. Cost is determined by using the first-in, first-out method for finished
produce. Cost of growing crops includes direct material and labor and an
allocation of indirect costs and are accumulated until the time of the harvest,
subject to lower of cost or market adjustments. The recognition of cost of sales
for the delivered products is done based upon estimates of the total cost of the
crop for the growing season divided by the number of units that are expected to
be harvested, packed, and sold. Under this approach, we compare costs incurred
to date plus estimated costs to complete and deliver the entire crop with the
total net revenue expected to be generated from the crop. Estimates of the net
revenues from the crop require projections of production yields from the field
and the packaging lines, quality grades of the product to be delivered, and
market prices during the months that constitute the crop harvest season. Each
month, the Company re-estimates the cost of sales per unit of product sold based
on any revisions to the estimated total cost of the crop and the units of output
expected. If the total cost of sales for the crop season is expected to be
greater than the total revenues to be generated, taking into account the units
of production still remaining to be harvested, the entire estimated loss is
charged to operations in the period the loss first becomes known. Such changes
to these estimates have on certain occasions been material to our quarterly
results of operations during the three year period ended December 31, 2001.
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Our reserve for excess or
obsolete inventory is primarily based upon forecasted demand for our products
and any change to the reserve arising from forecast revisions is reflected in
cost of sales in the period the revision is made.
The complexity of the estimation process and all issues related to the
assumptions, risks and uncertainties inherent with the application of the units
of output method of accounting affect the amounts reported in our financial
statements. A number of internal and external factors affect our revenue, cost
of sales estimates and inventory reserves, including weather conditions,
competitive production from different growing areas, labor availability and
costs, and customer demand for our products. If our business conditions were
different, or if we used different assumptions in the application of this and
other accounting policies, it is likely that materially different amounts would
be reported in our financial statements.
ADVANCES TO GROWERS
Advances to growers are made for supplies, seed, and other growing and
harvesting costs. The advances are interest bearing and non-interest bearing and
repaid from amounts withheld from sales proceeds due to growers. All of the
growers' produce is sold by the Company's distribution subsidiaries. As sales
are made and collections from customers are generated, the Company's
distribution subsidiaries deduct their commissions, and the amount of money
advanced to the grower on a per unit basis before any monies from the sale and
collection process are passed along to the grower. If the Company determines
that the harvest of the grower will not generate sufficient output and revenues
to pay back any advances that have been made to the grower, a review is then
undertaken to determine the likelihood that the grower will be able to pay back
these advances, plus any interest owed on the advances. If the Company
determines that the grower may not be able to pay the advances back to the
28
Company, a reserve is recorded in an amount that is determined to be at risk on
the collection of the grower advance. In 1999 and 2000 the Company recorded
significant allowances for doubtful accounts of grower receivables and
re-classified one grower receivable to a long-term asset on which it is trying
to collect through a lawsuit it initiated in 2000. The Company did not write off
any grower receivables in 2001.
IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
Each year management determines whether any long-lived have been impaired
based on the criteria established in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 121 (SFAS 121), "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and
Long-Lived Assets to be disposed of." The carrying amount of a long-lived asset
is considered impaired when the estimated undiscounted cash flow from the asset
is less than its carrying amount. In that event, the Company records a loss
equal to the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds projected discounted
future net cash flow arising from the asset. Changes in the Company's projected
cash flows as well as differences in the discount rate used in the calculation
could have a material effect on the financial statements. As stated previously,
due to changes in business strategy and the current financial condition of the
Company, it was determined at year-end 2001 that all of the goodwill in both the
fresh produce and technology businesses was impaired along with certain
technology patents.
DISCLOSURE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report on Form 10-K includes "forward-looking" statements within the
meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, and Section 21E of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934. All statements, including without limitation
statements contained in this "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations" other than statements of historical facts
included in this Form 10-K, including statements regarding our financial
position, business strategy, prospects, plans and objectives of our management
for future operations, and industry conditions, are forward-looking statements.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking
statements are reasonable, we can give you no assurance that these expectations
will prove to be correct. In addition to important factors described elsewhere
in this report, the following "Risk Factors," sometimes have affected, and in
the future could affect, our actual results and could cause these results during
2002 and beyond, to differ materially from those expressed in any
forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf. When we use the terms
"Bionova," "we," "us," and "our," these terms refer to the Company and its
subsidiaries.
RISKS RELATING TO OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION
WE MAY CONTINUE TO SUSTAIN LOSSES AND ACCUMULATE DEFICITS IN THE FUTURE
We have sustained losses in every year of our existence from 1996 through
2001. As of December 31, 2001 our accumulated deficit was $193.5 million. For
the year ended December 31, 2001, we had a net loss of $56.6 million. The
factors that caused these losses, including factors described in this section,
may continue to limit our ability to make a profit in the future.
WE WILL NEED ADDITIONAL FINANCING TO ACHIEVE OUR GROWTH AND TECHNOLOGY
OBJECTIVES, WHICH COULD HURT OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION
We will need additional capital to meet our growth objectives, working
capital requirements, and to fund the purchase and development of new
technologies. Our projected cash flows from operations and existing capital
resources, including our existing credit lines, may not be sufficient.
Therefore, our ability to pursue these objectives may depend on our ability to
obtain additional capital, which could cause us to incur additional debt or
issue additional equity securities. We cannot assure you that additional capital
will be available on satisfactory terms, if at all, and, as a result, we may be
restricted in our pursuit of future growth and technology strategies.
29
OUR LEVERAGED POSITION COULD CAUSE US TO BE UNABLE TO MEET OUR CAPITAL NEEDS,
WHICH COULD HURT OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION
At December 31, 2001 we had a working capital deficit of $68.6 million and a
stockholders deficit of $21.8 million. We had $10.1 million of debt with banks
and $89.3 million of debt with Savia and Savia's subsidiaries. This level of
indebtedness may pose substantial risks to our company and to our stockholders,
including the possibility that we may not generate sufficient cash flow to pay
our outstanding debts. Our level of indebtedness may also adversely affect our
ability to incur additional indebtedness and finance our future operations and
capital needs, and may limit our ability to pursue other business opportunities.
RISKS RELATING TO OUR FARMING AND DISTRIBUTION BUSINESS
BAD WEATHER AND CROP DISEASE CAN AFFECT THE AMOUNT OF PRODUCE WE CAN GROW, WHICH
CAN DECREASE OUR REVENUES AND PROFITABILITY
Weather conditions greatly affect the amount of fresh produce we bring to
market, and, accordingly, the prices we receive for our produce. Storms, frosts,
droughts, and particularly floods, can destroy a crop and less severe weather
conditions, such as excess precipitation, cold weather and heat, can kill or
damage significant portions of a crop. Crop disease and pestilence can be
unpredictable and can have a devastating effect on our crops, rendering them
unsalable and resulting in the loss of all or a portion of the crop for that
harvest season. Even when only a portion of our crops are damaged, the profits
we could have made on the crop will be severely affected because the costs to
plant and cultivate the entire crop will have been incurred although we may
experience low yields or may only be able to sell a portion of our crop.
LABOR SHORTAGES AND UNION ACTIVITY CAN AFFECT OUR ABILITY TO HIRE WORKERS TO
HARVEST AND DISTRIBUTE OUR CROPS, WHICH CAN HURT OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION
The production of fresh produce is heavily dependent upon the availability
of a large labor force to harvest crops. The turnover rate among the labor force
is high due to the strenuous work, long hours, necessary relocation and
relatively low pay. If it becomes necessary to pay more to attract labor to farm
work, our labor costs will increase.
The Mexican farm work force retained by ABSA is unionized. If the union
attempts to disrupt production and is successful on a large scale, labor costs
will likely increase and work stoppages may be encountered, which would be
particularly damaging in our industry where harvesting crops at peak times and
getting them to market on a timely basis is critical. The majority of fresh
produce is shipped by truck. In the United States and in Mexico, the trucking
industry is largely unionized and therefore susceptible to labor disturbances.
As a result, delivery delays caused by labor disturbances in the trucking
industry or any other reason could limit our ability to get fresh produce to
market before it spoils.
ABSA'S RELIANCE ON LEASES AND PRODUCTION ASSOCIATIONS COULD RESULT IN INCREASED
COSTS, WHICH COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR FINANCIAL RESULTS
ABSA relies on agricultural land leased from others, production associations
with other growers, and contract production with third party growers for a large
part of its supply. The average term of the land leases is two years and we
expect to renew most of these land leases as they expire. If the other parties
to these leases were to choose not to renew their agreements with ABSA, ABSA
would be required to locate alternate sources of supply and/or land or, in some
cases, to pay increased rents for land. In addition to increased rental rates,
increases in land costs could result from increases in water charges, property
taxes and related expenses. Production associations and contract production with
third party growers are generally arranged three to six months prior to each
growing season. The
30
provisions of the contracts with these growers may change from year to year,
which can affect the amount of supply, the prices of the produce, and the cost
and profit sharing arrangements among the parties. If these other growers choose
not to renew their contracts, ABSA would be required to locate alternate sources
of supply, which may or may not be available.
RISK RELATING TO OUR TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS
WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO FORM THE STRATEGIC ALLIANCES NECESSARY TO IMPLEMENT OUR
TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS PLAN
Development and commercialization of the Company's technologies depends on
customer relationships and strategic alliances with other companies. If the
Company cannot find customers or strategic partners in the future, or if the
Company cannot maintain existing strategic alliances, the Company may not be
able to develop its technologies or products. If the Company does not develop
commercially successful products, its business may be significantly harmed.
Since the Company's technologies have many potential applications and it has
limited resources, our focus on any particular area may result in a failure to
capitalize on more profitable areas.
WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO ACQUIRE OR MAINTAIN THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
NECESSARY TO IMPLEMENT OUR TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS PLAN
For our business plan to succeed we will need to develop new technology and
to acquire rights to technology owned by third parties. We may not be able to
negotiate agreements to use all of the technology we will need, leaving us
unable to grow the company in accordance with our projections.
The Company may not be successful in obtaining patents on new technology,
protecting its trade secrets and conducting its business without infringing on
the rights of others, which could adversely affect our business.
The Company's success depends, in part, on its ability to obtain and enforce
patents, maintain trade secret protection, and conduct its business without
infringing the proprietary rights of others. If others develop competing
technologies and market competing products, the Company's sales could be
adversely affected. If the Company is not able to maintain its trade secrets or
to enforce its patents, the Company's competitive position could be adversely
affected. In addition, the Company licenses technology from third parties. If
the Company cannot maintain these licenses, or if it cannot obtain licenses to
other useful technology on commercially reasonable terms, its research and
commercialization efforts could be adversely affected.
Any inability to adequately protect the Company's proprietary technologies
could harm its competitive position. Furthermore, litigation or other
proceedings or third party claims of intellectual property infringement could
require the Company to spend time and money and could shut down some of its
operations. Because the Company may not be able to obtain appropriate patents or
licenses, it may not be able to successfully operate its business. The Company
intends to conduct proprietary research programs, and any conflicts with its
strategic partners could harm its business.
WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO KEEP UP WITH ADVANCES IN TECHNOLOGY
Genomic technologies have undergone and are expected to continue to undergo
rapid and significant change. The Company's future success will depend in large
part on maintaining a competitive position in the integration of functional
genomics with plant transformation and evaluation to create an efficient and
cost-effective product pipeline. Rapid technological development by the Company
or others may result in products or technologies becoming obsolete before the
Company recovers the expenses incurred in connection with their development.
Products offered by the Company, its customers or its strategic partners could
be made obsolete by less expensive or more
31
effective crop enhancement and nutrition enhancement technologies, including
technologies that may be unrelated to genomics. The Company may not be able to
make the enhancements to its technology necessary to compete successfully with
newly emerging technologies.
WE MAY LOSE THE SCIENTISTS AND MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL NECESSARY TO IMPLEMENT OUR
TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS PLAN
The Company depends on the services of a number of key personnel, and a loss
of any of these personnel could disrupt operations and delay development of new
technologies. The realization of the Company's new business strategy depends on,
among other things, its ability to hire, train and retain qualified employees to
allow operations to be effectively managed.
WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO COMPETE EFFECTIVELY IN THE AG-BIOTECH INDUSTRY
The Company faces significant competition in its chosen fields: novel crop
protection traits and specialized technology services. The Company may not be
able to compete effectively, which could cause its business to suffer.
Both traditional and specialized agricultural chemical firms offer competing
technology (e.g., traditional chemicals and biopesticides) that can be deployed
against fungal disease and nematodes pests. Several agricultural chemical firms
offer novel crop protection traits through biotechnology as well.
There are also many companies engaged in research and product development
activities based on agricultural biotechnology. Competitors include specialized
biotechnology firms, as well as major pharmaceutical, food and chemical
companies that have biotechnology divisions, many of which have considerably
greater financial, technical, and marketing resources than the Company.
Competition may intensify as technological developments occur at a rapid rate in
the agricultural biotechnology industry.
WE MAY NOT COMPLETE THE DEVELOPMENT OF, OR BE ABLE TO SUCCESSFULLY COMMERCIALIZE
NEW TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
If the products the Company develops and markets are not commercial
successes, it will not recoup its development and production costs, which will
hurt its financial condition.
The Company is currently in the early stages of research and development,
and there can be no assurance that any of its projects will be successful or
will produce significant revenues or profits. The success of these and future
products depends on many variables, including technical risks associated with
using genetic engineering for crop protection and nutrition, business risks
associated with selecting commercial targets and capturing value from customers.
The Company may be sued for product liability, which, if a suit were
successful, could cause it to face substantial liabilities that exceed its
resources.
The Company may be held liable if any product it develops, or any product
that is made using its technologies, causes injury or is found unsuitable during
product testing, manufacturing, marketing or sale. These risks are inherent in
the development of agricultural and food products. The Company currently does
not have product liability insurance. If it chooses to obtain product liability
insurance, but cannot obtain sufficient insurance coverage at an acceptable cost
or otherwise protect against potential product liability claims, the
commercialization of products that the Company's customers, strategic partners,
or that it develops may be prevented. If the Company is sued for any injury
caused by its products, its liability could exceed its total assets.
32
WE MAY NOT GAIN PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE FOR OUR GENETICALLY ENGINEERED PRODUCTS
If the public is unwilling to accept genetically engineered products, the
Company will not recoup its development and production costs, which will hurt
its financial condition. Social and environmental concerns may limit the
acceptance of genetically engineered products.
Most of the Company's products are being developed through the use of
genetic engineering. The commercial success of these products will depend in
part on public acceptance of the cultivation and consumption of genetically
engineered products. The Company cannot assure you that these products will gain
sufficient public acceptance to be profitable, even if these products obtain the
required regulatory approvals.
Public debate surrounding food and fiber crops continues. Technology critics
have urged U.S. regulatory agencies to tighten their regulation of biotechnology
crops, including withdrawal of certain product registrations, implementation of
product labeling, and stricter pre-market approval procedures. Internationally,
agricultural biotechnology issues are being debated within the World Trade
Organization, the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, the Codex
Alimentarius, and on several regional fronts. The Company believes that progress
has been made to ensure that science-based rules form the basis for
international trade of agricultural biotechnology products. However, the extent
of government regulation that might arise from future legislative or
administrative actions and the potential consequences to the business is not
known and cannot be predicted with certainty.
GOVERNMENT REGULATION
Government regulation can cause delays and increased costs, which may
decrease the Company's revenues and profitability. Stringent laws may limit the
market for genetically engineered agricultural products that it may develop.
Business opportunities and products developed using technology developed by the
Company may be subject to a lengthy and uncertain government regulatory process
that may not result in the necessary approvals, may delay the commercialization
of its customers' products or may be costly, which could harm its business.
The Company's activities in the United States are extensively regulated by
the Food and Drug Administration, the United States Department of Agriculture,
the Environmental Protection Agency, and other federal and state regulatory
agencies. Also, the Company's genetically engineered products may require
regulatory approval or notification in the United States or in other countries
in which they are tested, used or sold. The regulatory process may delay
research, development, production, or marketing and require more costly and
time-consuming procedures, and there can be no assurance that requisite
regulatory approvals or registration of the Company's current or future
genetically engineered products will be granted on a timely basis.
RISKS RELATING TO OUR INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
LEGAL LIMITATIONS COULD AFFECT OUR OWNERSHIP OF RURAL LAND IN MEXICO, WHICH
COULD DECREASE OUR SUPPLY OF PRODUCE CAUSING A DECREASE IN OUR REVENUES AND
PROFITABILITY
ABSA owns a substantial amount of rural land in Mexico, which it uses to
grow fresh fruits and vegetables. Historically, the ownership of rural land in
Mexico has been subject to legal limitations and claims by residents of rural
communities, which in some cases could lead to the owner being forced to
surrender its land. ABSA has been, and continues to be, involved in land dispute
proceedings as part of its ordinary course of business. If ABSA is required to
surrender any of its land, the volume of fresh fruits and vegetables it produces
would decline and adversely affect our profitability. There is currently pending
in Mexico a lawsuit challenging the ownership rights of ABSA to rural land it
owns in Mexico. If this lawsuit was to be decided against ABSA, ABSA could lose
a total of 7.7% of all the rural land it owns in Mexico.
33
CURRENCY FLUCTUATIONS AND INFLATION CAN INCREASE THE COST OF OUR PRODUCTS IN THE
UNITED STATES AND ABROAD, WHICH DECREASES OUR REVENUES AND PROFITABILITY
While currency exchange rates in Mexico have been relatively stable over the
past three years, previous history has shown that these rates can be highly
volatile. For example, in December 1994, the Mexican government announced its
intention to float the Mexican peso against the United States dollar and, as a
result, the peso devalued over 40% relative to the dollar during that month.
Exchange rate fluctuations impact our subsidiaries' businesses. If the value of
the peso decreases relative to the value of the dollar, then (i) imports of
produce into Mexico for distribution become more expensive in peso terms and
therefore more difficult to sell in the Mexican market; and (ii) inflation that
generally accompanies reductions in the value of the peso reduces the purchasing
power of Mexican consumers, which reduces the demand for all products including
produce and, in particular, imported, branded or other premium-quality produce.
Conversely, if the value of the peso increases relative to the value of the
dollar, Mexican production costs increase in dollar terms, which results in
lower margins or higher prices with respect to produce grown in Mexico and sold
in the United States and Canada.
VOLATILE INTEREST RATES IN MEXICO CAN INCREASE OUR CAPITAL COSTS
Historically, interest rates in Mexico have been volatile, particularly in
times of economic unrest and uncertainty. High interest rates restrict the
availability and raise the cost of capital for our Mexican subsidiaries and for
growers and other Mexican parties with whom we do business, both for borrowings
denominated in pesos and for borrowings denominated in dollars. Costs of
operations for our Mexican subsidiaries are higher as a result.
TRADE DISPUTES BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND MEXICO CAN RESULT IN TARIFFS,
QUOTAS AND BANS ON IMPORTS, INCLUDING OUR PRODUCTS, WHICH CAN HURT OUR FINANCIAL
CONDITION
Despite the enactment of the North American Free Trade Agreement, Mexico and
the United States from time to time are involved in trade disputes. The United
States has, on occasion, imposed tariffs, quotas, and importation bans on
products produced in Mexico. U.S. tomato growers have brought dumping claims
against Mexican tomato growers and may do so again. Because some of our
subsidiaries produce products in Mexico, which we sell in the United States,
such actions, if taken, could adversely affect our business.
GENERAL BUSINESS RISKS
SAVIA AND AG-BIOTECH CAPITAL, LLC HAVE SUBSTANTIAL CONTROL OVER THE COMPANY AND
CAN AFFECT VIRTUALLY ALL DECISIONS MADE BY ITS STOCKHOLDERS AND DIRECTORS
Ag-Biotech Capital, LLC beneficially owns 18,076,839 shares of our common
stock accounting for 77.0% of all issued and outstanding shares. As a result,
Ag-Biotech Capital, LLC has the requisite voting power to significantly affect
virtually all decisions made by the Company and its stockholders, including the
power to elect all directors and to block corporate actions such as an amendment
to most provisions of the Company's certificate of incorporation. This ownership
and management structure will inhibit the taking of any action by the Company
that is not acceptable to Ag-Biotech Capital, LLC.
WE MAY INCUR SIGNIFICANT LIABILITY AS A RESULT OF STOCKHOLDER LAWSUITS
The Company and its subsidiary, DNA Plant Technology Corporation, have been
sued in several lawsuits relating to the 1996 merger transaction (the "Merger")
in which DNAP became a subsidiary of the Company. In some of those lawsuits, the
former preferred stockholders of DNAP alleged they should have received much
more consideration for their shares in the Merger than they did. Though the
trial courts in these cases dismissed all of the claims, two of these cases are
still under appeal. If
34
the Company is ultimately found to be liable in these cases, the value of the
potential judgment could be far more than the Company could afford to pay.
WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO ADAPT OUR MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND CONTROLS TO
KEEP PACE WITH OUR FUTURE BUSINESS STRATEGY, WHICH COULD HURT OUR FINANCIAL
CONDITION
The realization of our business strategy depends on, among other things, our
ability to adapt management information systems and controls and to hire, train
and retain qualified employees to allow these operations to be effectively
managed. The geographic separation of our subsidiaries' operations exacerbates
these issues.
All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to
the Company or persons acting on its behalf are expressly qualified in their
entirety by the cautionary statements disclosed in this section and otherwise in
this report.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
INTEREST RATE RISK
The table below provides information about the Company's derivative
financial instruments consisting primarily of debt obligations that are
sensitive to changes in interest rates. For debt obligations, the table presents
principal cash flows and related weighted average interest rates by expected
(contractual) maturity dates. Notional amounts are used to calculate the
contractual payments to be exchanged under the contracts. Weighted average
variable rates are based on implied forward rates in the yield curve on
December 31, 2001. The information is presented in U.S. dollar equivalents,
which is the Company's reporting currency. The instrument's actual cash flows
are denominated in both U.S. dollars and Mexican pesos, and are indicated
accordingly in the table below.
EXPECTED MATURITY DATE
---------------------------------------------------- FAIR
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 TOTAL VALUE
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Short-term debt:
($US equivalent in millions)
U.S. dollar variable rate..................... $9.4 $9.4 $9.4
Average interest rate....................... 8%
Peso variable rate (in $US)................... 0.0 0.0 0.0
Long-term debt:
U.S. dollar fixed rate........................ $0.2 $0.1 $0.1 $0.2 $0.1 $0.7 $0.7
Average interest rate....................... 9% 9% 9% 9% 9%
U.S. dollar variable rate..................... $0.0
The Company tries to use the most cost-effective means to fund its operating
and capital needs. Fixed or variable debt will be borrowed in both U.S. dollars
and Mexican pesos. The Company borrows Mexican pesos to provide for its working
capital needs in its Mexican operations. At December 31, 2001 the Company had no
debt denominated in Mexican pesos. To minimize exchange risk associated with the
importation of products, the Company will enter into forward exchange contracts
where the functional currency to be used in the transaction is dollars.
EXCHANGE RATE RISK
At year-end 2001 the Company did not hold any financial instruments subject
to exchange rate risk.
The Company is exposed to U.S. dollar-to-Mexican peso currency exchange risk
due to revenues and costs denominated in Mexican pesos associated with its
Mexican subsidiary, ABSA. The Company expects it will continue to be exposed to
currency exchange risks in the future.
35
COMMODITY PRICE RISK
The table below provides information about the Company's fresh produce
growing crops inventory and fixed price contracts that are sensitive to changes
in commodity prices. For inventory, the table presents the carrying amount and
fair value at December 31, 2001. For the fixed price contracts, the table
presents the notional amounts in Boxes, the weighted average contract prices,
and the total dollar contract amount by expected maturity dates, the latest of
which occurs within one year from the reporting date. Contract amounts are used
to calculate the contractual payments and quantity of fresh produce to be
exchanged under futures contracts.
AT DECEMBER 31, 2001
--------------------
CARRYING FAIR
AMOUNT VALUE
-------- --------
On-balance sheet commodity position:
Fresh produce crops in process inventory ($US in
millions).............................................. $ 5.7 $ 5.7
Fixed price contracts:
Contract volumes (3,038,000 boxes)
Weighted average unit price (per 3,038,000 boxes)........ $ 8.76 $ 8.76
Contract amount ($US in millions)........................ $ 26.6 $ 26.6
In order to manage the exposure to commodity price sensitivity associated
with fresh produce products, the Company enters into fixed price contracts with
certain customers which guarantee specified volumes for the growing season or
the year at a fixed price.
36
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The Report of Independent Accountants and the consolidated financial
statements of the Company and the notes thereto appear on the following pages.
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
PAGE
--------
(1) Consolidated Financial Statements
Report of Independent Accountants........................... 38
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2001 and
2000...................................................... 39
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive
Income and Loss for the years ended December 31, 2001,
2000 and 1999............................................. 40
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity
(Deficit) for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and
1999...................................................... 41
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended
December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999.......................... 42
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.............. 43
(2) Financial Statement Schedule:
Schedule II: Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves
for the three years ended December 31, 2001............... 77
37
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors
and Stockholders of
Bionova Holding Corporation:
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the
accompanying index present fairly, in all material respects, the financial
position of Bionova Holding Corporation and its subsidiaries at December 31,
2001 and 2000, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2001 in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In
addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the
accompanying index presents fairly, in all material respects, the information
set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated
financial statements. These financial statements and financial statement
schedules are the responsibility of the Company's management; our responsibility
is to express an opinion on these financial statements and financial statement
schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in
accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of
America, which require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared
assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in
Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has incurred
significant losses from operations and operating cash flow deficiencies for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2001. These matters raise
substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.
Management's plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The
financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the
outcome of this uncertainty.
PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP
San Jose, California
April 8, 2002
38
BIONOVA HOLDING CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS
(EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
2001 2000
--------- ---------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents................................. $ 2,463 $ 3,536
Accounts receivable, net.................................. 19,739 33,543
Advances to growers, net.................................. 8,999 8,161
Inventories, net.......................................... 12,797 17,910
Assets held for sale (see Note 9)......................... 4,245 --
Other current assets...................................... 1,079 986
--------- ---------
Total current assets...................................... 49,322 64,136
Property, plant and equipment, net.......................... 33,788 36,885
Patents and trademarks, net................................. 3,000 16,665
Goodwill, net............................................... -- 26,472
Deferred income taxes....................................... -- 631
Other assets................................................ 10,729 10,518
--------- ---------
Total assets................................................ $ 96,839 $ 155,307
========= =========
LIABILITIES, MINORITY INTEREST, AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(DEFICIT)
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses..................... $ 19,090 $ 27,462
Accounts due to related parties........................... 89,297 66,982
Short-term bank loans..................................... 9,389 21,170
Current portion of long-term debt......................... 161 708
Deferred income taxes..................................... -- 1,525
--------- ---------
Total current liabilities............................... 117,937 117,847
Long-term debt with third parties........................... 558 203
--------- ---------
Total liabilities....................................... 118,495 118,050
--------- ---------
Minority interest........................................... 164 2,069
--------- ---------
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 19)
Stockholders' equity (deficit):
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 5,000 shares authorized,
200 shares issued and outstanding at both December 31,
2001 and 2000, liquidation value of $10,000 per share... -- --
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares
authorized, 23,588,031 shares issued and outstanding.... 236 236
Additional paid-in capital................................ 171,597 171,597
Accumulated deficit....................................... (193,499) (136,905)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)............. (154) 260
--------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity (deficit)...................... (21,820) 35,188
--------- ---------
Total liabilities, minority interest, and stockholders'
equity (deficit).......................................... $ 96,839 $ 155,307
========= =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
39
BIONOVA HOLDING CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME AND LOSS
THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS
(EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
----------- ----------- -----------
Total revenues........................................ $ 207,600 $ 226,256 $ 242,359
----------- ----------- -----------
Cost of sales......................................... 184,285 213,057 232,220
Selling and administrative expenses................... 23,279 29,019 27,430
Research and development expenses..................... 4,370 6,200 6,442
Loss on sale of assets (see Note 5)................... 8,771 550 --
Impairment of assets (see Note 11).................... 29,953 -- --
Amortization of goodwill, patents and trademarks...... 3,174 3,501 3,345
----------- ----------- -----------
253,832 252,327 269,437
----------- ----------- -----------
Operating loss........................................ (46,232) (26,071) (27,078)
----------- ----------- -----------
Interest expense...................................... (9,760) (17,512) (16,018)
Interest income....................................... 1,982 2,141 1,835
Exchange gain (loss), net............................. (536) 381 905
Shareholder litigation expense (see Note 18).......... (1,300) -- --
Other non-operating (expense) income, net............. 385 (187) --
----------- ----------- -----------
(9,229) (15,177) (13,278)
----------- ----------- -----------
Loss from operations before extraordinary items....... (55,461) (41,248) (40,356)
Extraordinary items, net of tax:
Extraordinary gain due to interest reversal (net of
applicable income taxes of $0).................... -- 9,852 --
Extraordinary loss on retirement of floating rate
notes (net of applicable income taxes of $0)...... -- (1,917) --
----------- ----------- -----------
Loss before income taxes.............................. (55,461) (33,313) (40,356)
Income tax expense.................................... 672 643 978
----------- ----------- -----------
Loss before minority interest......................... (56,133) (33,956) (41,334)
Minority interest in net loss (income) of
subsidiaries, net................................... (461) 1,545 2,685
----------- ----------- -----------
Net loss.............................................. (56,594) (32,411) (38,649)
Other comprehensive income (expense) net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustment............. (414) 536 (84)
----------- ----------- -----------
Comprehensive loss.................................... $ (57,008) $ (31,875) $ (38,733)
=========== =========== ===========
Loss per share from operations........................ $ (2.40) $ (1.71) $ (1.64)
Gain per share from extraordinary items............... -- 0.34 --
----------- ----------- -----------
Net loss per share--basic and diluted................. $ (2.40) $ (1.37) $ (1.64)
----------- ----------- -----------
Weighted average number of common shares
outstanding......................................... 23,588,031 23,588,031 23,588,031
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
40
BIONOVA HOLDING CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS
(EXCEPT SHARE AMOUNTS)
ACCUMULATED
PREFERRED COMMON ADDITIONAL OTHER
SHARES PREFERRED SHARES COMMON PAID-IN COMPREHENSIVE ACCUMULATED
OUTSTANDING STOCK OUTSTANDING STOCK CAPITAL INCOME (LOSS) DEFICIT
----------- --------- ----------- -------- ---------- ------------- -----------
Balance at December 31,
1998.................. -- -- 23,588,031 236 $107,918 $ (192) $ (65,845)
Net loss................ -- -- -- -- -- -- (38,649)
Cumulative translation
adjustment............ -- -- -- -- -- (84) --
--- --------- ---------- ---- -------- ------- ---------
Balance at December 31,
1999.................. -- -- 23,588,031 236 107,918 (276) (104,494)
Shares issued to Bionova
International, Inc.,
and additional capital
contributions, net of
expenses.............. 200 -- -- -- 63,679 -- --
Net loss................ -- -- -- -- -- -- (32,411)
Cumulative translation
adjustment............ -- -- -- -- -- 536 --
--- --------- ---------- ---- -------- ------- ---------
Balance at December 31,
2000.................. 200 -- 23,588,031 236 171,597 260 (136,905)
Net loss................ -- -- -- -- -- -- (56,594)
Cumulative translation
adjustment............ -- -- -- -- -- (414) --
--- --------- ---------- ---- -------- ------- ---------
Balance at December 31,
2001.................. 200 $ -- 23,588,031 $236 $171,597 $ (154) $(193,499)
=== ========= ========== ==== ======== ======= =========
TOTAL
STOCKHOLDERS'
EQUITY
(DEFICIT)
-------------
Balance at December 31,
1998.................. $ 42,117
Net loss................ (38,649)
Cumulative translation
adjustment............ (84)
--------
Balance at December 31,
1999.................. 3,384
Shares issued to Bionova
International, Inc.,
and additional capital
contributions, net of
expenses.............. 63,679
Net loss................ (32,411)
Cumulative translation
adjustment............ 536
--------
Balance at December 31,
2000.................. 35,188
Net loss................ (56,594)
Cumulative translation
adjustment............ (414)
--------
Balance at December 31,
2001.................. $(21,820)
========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
41
BIONOVA HOLDING CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
-------- -------- --------
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss.................................................... $(56,594) $(32,411) $(38,649)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used by
continuing operations:
Minority interest......................................... 461 (1,545) (2,685)
Depreciation.............................................. 4,363 4,820 5,022
Amortization of goodwill, patents and trademarks.......... 3,174 3,501 3,345
Deferred income taxes..................................... (894) (8) (239)
Allowances for uncollectible receivables and slow moving
inventory............................................... -- -- 4,596
Amortization of prepaid commissions on floating rate
notes................................................... -- 1,917 --
Gain from sale of property, plant and equipment........... 4,054 550 (21)
Interest accrued on advances from Savia and Bionova
International, Inc...................................... 8,133 9,852 --
Impairment of goodwill and patents and trademarks (see
Note 11)................................................ 29,953 2,644 --
Loss on sale of assets(see Note 5)........................ 6,608 -- --
Other non-cash items...................................... (1,562) (14) --
Net changes (exclusive of acquisitions) in:
Accounts receivable and advances to growers, net.......... 642 (6,029) (488)
Inventories............................................... (344) (692) (1,903)
Other assets.............................................. (1,480) 1,032 (701)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses..................... (14) 6,563 (176)
-------- -------- --------
NET CASH USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES....................... (3,500) (9,820) (31,899)
-------- -------- --------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Payment for acquisition of intellectual property.......... -- (3,000) (5,000)
Purchases of property, plant and equipment................ (5,437) (6,024) (5,738)
Payments received for sale of assets, net of cash
divested................................................ 656 (1,057)
-------- -------- --------
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES....................... (4,781) (9,024) (11,795)
-------- -------- --------
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Short term borrowing...................................... 9,300 5,207 (54,697)
Repayments of short term debt............................. (19,687) (9,232) --
Repayments of long-term debt.............................. (220) (100,187) (4,120)
Proceeds from long-term debt.............................. 730 138 100,147
Accounts due to related parties, net...................... 17,085 48,717 1,017
Restricted cash........................................... -- 9,548 (9,548)
Proceeds from issuance of Series A convertible preferred
stock and additional capital contribution by Bionova
International, Inc...................................... -- 63,679 --
-------- -------- --------
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES................... 7,208 17,870 32,799
-------- -------- --------
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents................... (1,073) (974) (10,895)
Cash at beginning of year................................... 3,536 4,510 15,405
-------- -------- --------
Cash at end of year......................................... $ 2,463 $ 3,536 $ 4,510
-------- -------- --------
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW DATA
Interest paid............................................. $ 842 $ 4,195 $ 14,658
Income taxes paid......................................... 180 807 1,399
NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Reduction in principal due on promissory notes associated
with the acquisition of the minority interests of ABSA
and IPHC................................................ (709)
Acquisition of Monsanto Company's strawberry development
program................................................. -- 3,000 --
Additional capital contribution due to reversal of
interest accrual on advances from Savia and Bionova
International, Inc...................................... -- 9,852 --
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
42
BIONOVA HOLDING CORPORATION
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1--BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Bionova Holding Corporation, a Delaware corporation (together with its
subsidiaries, "Bionova Holding" or the "Company"), an indirect subsidiary of
Savia, S.A. de C.V. ("Savia"), a Mexican corporation, was formed on January 12,
1996. Today, the Company acts as a holding company for (i) Agrobionova, S.A. de
C.V., of which the Company owns 98.6% ("ABSA"), (ii) International Produce
Holding Company, of which the Company owns 100% ("IPHC"), (iii) DNA Plant
Technology Corporation, of which the Company owns 100% ("DNAP"), and (iv) VPP
Corporation, of which the Company owns 100% ("VPP").
GOING CONCERN
The Company incurred a net loss of $56.6 million and an operating cash flow
deficiency of $3.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2001. The Company
also sustained significant operating losses and operating cash flow deficiencies
in 2000 and 1999. At December 31, 2001 the Company had a negative working
capital position of $68.6 million.
Management has been and is continuing to address the Company's financial
condition by postponing the sale of its fresh produce business, selling non-core
assets of the fresh produce business, and aggressively pursuing a variety of
alternatives for its technology business, including new research contracts,
partnerships, third party financing, and the sale of assets. The Company also
must find a solution to the $89.3 million of debt plus the interest accruing in
2002 that is due to Savia and its subsidiaries during 2002. There can be no
assurance that these actions will result in sufficient working capital to
significantly improve the Company's current financial position or its results of
operations nor can there be any assurance the Company will be able to meet its
obligations in 2002 nor secure funds to take it beyond the 2002 calendar year.
This raises substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going
concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments
that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
NOTE 2--SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
a. Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include Bionova Holding Corporation
and all of its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries (the Company). All
significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
b. Management's estimates and assumptions
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the
date of the financial statements, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses
during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from such estimates.
c. Revenue recognition
Revenue from product development activities is recognized during the period
the Company performs the development efforts in accordance with the term of the
agreements and activities undertaken. The revenue is recognized as earned over
the term of the agreement, in accordance with the performance effort. Revenue
that is related to future performance under such agreements is deferred and
recognized as revenue when earned.
43
Revenue from product sales is recognized when the product is shipped, net of
an allowance for estimated returns.
d. Cash and cash equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid and temporary cash investments with
original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The
Company's policy is to place its cash and cash equivalents with large
creditworthy financial institutions to limit the amount of credit exposure.
e. Advances to growers
Advances to growers are made for supplies, seed, and other growing and
harvesting costs. The advances are interest bearing and non-interest bearing and
repaid from amounts withheld from sales proceeds due to growers.
f. Association agreements
The Company has entered into certain agreements with growers under which the
Company shares in the profits and losses associated with growing activities. The
Company records these participation agreements under the equity method of
accounting.
g. Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined by
using the first-in, first-out method for finished produce. Cost of growing crops
includes direct material and labor and an allocation of indirect costs and are
accumulated until the time of the harvest, subject to lower of cost or market
adjustments.
h. Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at their acquisition cost.
Additions to property, plant and equipment, including significant improvements
and renewals, are capitalized. Maintenance and repair costs are charged to
expense as incurred. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method
over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range between 3 and
25 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method
over the estimated useful life of the improvement, or the lease term if shorter.
Gains and losses upon asset disposal are reflected in operations in the year of
disposition.
i. Goodwill
Goodwill consists principally of excess purchase price over the fair value
of tangible and identifiable intangible assets of businesses acquired. Goodwill
has been amortized on the straight-line basis over twenty years. Amortization of
goodwill amounted to $1.707 million, $1.737 million, and $1.696 million in 2001,
2000, and 1999, respectively. Accumulated amortization was $6.366 million and
$8.268 million at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
j. Patents and trademarks
The costs of obtaining patents are expensed as incurred. Acquired patents
and trademarks are capitalized and amortized using the straight-line method over
their estimated useful lives of 12 years. The historical cost of these patents
and trademarks as of December 31, 2001 and 2000 was $12.9 million and
$19.9 million and the accumulated amortization as of these same dates amounted
to $4.529 million and $5.128 million, respectively. During 2001, 2000, and 1999
the Company recorded amortization expense of $1.467 million, $1.471 million, and
$1.408 million, respectively.
k. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Each year, management determines whether any long-lived assets have been
impaired based on the criteria established in Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 121 (SFAS 121), "Accounting
44
for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Long-Lived Assets to be disposed
of." The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is considered impaired when the
estimated undiscounted cash flow from each asset is less than its carrying
amount. In that event, the Company records a loss equal to the amount by which
the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the long-lived asset. During
fiscal year 2001, management determined that goodwill associated with its
technology business and its fresh produced business was impaired. The fair value
of the goodwill was estimated using discounted cash flows. Accordingly, the
Company recorded an impairment charge on the goodwill of $21.9 million. The
Company also determined that the value of the patents and trademarks of its
technology business had become impaired in 2001. The Company recorded an
impairment charge on its patents and trademarks in an amount of $8.0 million.
(See Note 11)
l. Research and product development costs
All research and product development costs incurred or acquired are
expensed.
m. Stock-based compensation
The Company measures compensation expense for its stock-based employee
compensation plans using the intrinsic value method and provides pro forma
disclosures of net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share as if the fair
value-based method had been applied in measuring compensation expense.
n. Concentration of credit risks
Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to
concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents,
trade receivables and advances to growers. The Company's cash and cash
equivalents are deposited in financial institutions in the United Sates and
Mexico and may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. Credit
risk associated with trade receivables is limited due to the large number of
customers comprising the Company's customer base. There can be no assurance that
an event outside of the Company's control will not occur and cause these trade
receivables or advances to be at risk. The Company performs ongoing credit
evaluations of its customers' and growers' financial condition to determine the
need for an allowance for uncollectible accounts.
o. Income taxes
Current income tax expense or benefit represents the amount of income taxes
expected to be payable or refundable for the current year. A deferred income tax
liability or asset is established for the expected future tax consequences of
temporary differences between the financial reporting and income tax bases of
assets and liabilities. Deferred income tax expense or benefit represents the
net change during the year in the deferred income tax liabilities or assets.
Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax
assets to the amount expected to be more likely than not realized in future tax
returns.
p. Fair value of financial instruments
The carrying value of the Company's financial instruments, including cash
and cash equivalents, trade receivables and payables, and advances to growers,
approximate their fair market value due to their short-term maturities. Based on
borrowing rates currently available to the Company for loans with similar terms,
the carrying value of its debt obligations approximates fair value.
q. Translation of financial statements
The financial statements for subsidiaries whose functional currency is not
the U.S. dollar are translated in the following manner: assets and liabilities
at the year-end rates, stockholders' equity at historical rates and results of
operations at the monthly average exchange rates. The effects of exchange rate
changes are reflected as a separate component of stockholders' equity.
45
For subsidiaries whose activities are recorded in currencies which are not
their functional currency and any subsidiaries located in a hyperinflationary
environment, i.e. countries with inflation exceeding 100% over the prior three
years (which in the case of Bionova Holding's subsidiaries was exclusively ABSA
in 1999), the components of the financial statements are translated as follows:
BALANCE SHEET:
Current assets, except inventories........... year-end
Inventories.................................. historical
Liabilities.................................. year-end
Property, plant and equipment................ historical
Stockholders' equity......................... historical
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS:
Sales........................................ historical
Cost of sales................................ historical
Depreciation and amortization................ historical
Interest..................................... monthly average
Other expenses and income.................... monthly average
Income taxes................................. monthly average
Gains and losses in re-measurement arise mainly from the effect of exchange
rate fluctuations on net monetary items denominated in pesos and are included in
results of operations.
r. Net loss per common share
Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed as net income (loss)
divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the
period. Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed as net income
(loss) divided by the weighted average number of common shares and potential
common shares outstanding during the period, using the treasury stock method, if
their effect is dilutive.
The following table sets forth the potential shares of common stock that are
not included in the diluted net loss per share attributable to common
stockholders because to do so would be anti-dilutive for the periods indicated
(in thousands):
(THOUSANDS OF SHARES)
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31
------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
-------- -------- --------
Effect of dilutive securities:
Convertible preferred stock outstanding............. 23,156 23,156 --
Stock options outstanding........................... 216 326 362
Warrants outstanding................................ -- -- 407
s. Employee benefit plan
DNAP has a savings and retirement plan and trust (the "401(k) Plan")
available to all eligible employees of DNAP. An eligible employee may elect to
defer, in the form of contributions to the 401(k) Plan, between 1% and 15% (in
1% increments) of the total compensation that would otherwise be paid to the
employee, subject to annual contribution limitations. An employee's
contributions are invested at the direction of the employee in various
investment options and are fully vested and non-forfeitable immediately upon
contribution. The 401(k) Plan provides for DNAP contributions in the form of
common stock or cash, not to exceed 3% of elective salary deferral
contributions. During 2001, 2000, and 1999, DNAP's cash contributions to the
401(k) Plan were approximately $0.072 million, $0.096 million, and
$0.102 million, respectively.
46
t. Segment reporting
The Company reports segment data based on the management approach. The
management approach designates the internal reporting used by management for
making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source of the
Company's reportable operating segments. The Company also discloses information
about products and services, geographical areas and major customers.
u. Reclassification
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current
year presentation.
NOTE 3--2000 PURCHASE AGREEMENT AND CAPITALIZATION
On December 28, 2000 Bionova Holding Corporation ("the Company") and its
parent company, Savia, S.A. de C.V., entered into a Purchase Agreement to which
Savia's subsidiary, Bionova International, Inc. is also a party. The Purchase
Agreement called for the Company to sell its fresh produce farming and
distribution business segments ("fresh produce business"), including all of the
debt and liabilities of the business, to Savia for $48 million. The purchase
price for the business was to be paid by the application of $48 million of
advances previously made by Savia to the Company. Also, the Purchase Agreement
provided for a capitalization of other advances made to the Company by Savia.
Consistent with this agreement, on December 29, 2000 the Company issued 200
shares of convertible preferred stock to Bionova International for
$63.7 million, which was paid through the application of all of the remaining
outstanding advances previously made by Savia to the Company (other than the
$48 million which was to be retired upon the sale of the fresh produce
business). These 200 shares of preferred stock are convertible into 23,156,116
shares of common stock (a conversion ratio based on $2.75 per share) at any time
after adoption and filing by the Company of a charter amendment increasing the
authorized number of shares of Common Stock to at least 70,000,000. The Company
will not receive any additional consideration upon the conversion of the
preferred stock.
For accounting purposes, the sale of the fresh produce business and the sale
of the Series A convertible preferred stock were accounted for as transactions
between entities under common control. No gain or loss was recognized on the
transactions as any differences between cash received and assets transferred to
the parent are treated as capital contributions or distributions. In
December 2001 the Company made a decision to postpone the sale of the fresh
produce business to Savia.
The Company accounted for the $63.7 million in cash received (in the form of
advances retired) from Savia and its subsidiary, Bionova International, Inc., as
follows:
1. The sale of Series A convertible preferred stock was recorded at
$34.7 million, which represents the market value of the common stock on
December 29, 2000, the date of the transaction, into which the Series A
convertible preferred shares may be converted.
2. The remaining $29.0 million was accounted for as an additional capital
contribution.
In addition, the Company accrued interest expense totaling $9.9 million
related to the advances from Savia and its subsidiary, Bionova
International, Inc., from April 13 through December 29, 2000. As a result of the
capitalization transaction and the planned, but subsequently uncompleted
transaction to sell the fresh produce business, the interest was deemed not
payable in 2001 and the reversal of accrued interest was accounted for as an
additional capital contribution.
NOTE 4--ACCOUNTING FOR DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS SUBSEQUENTLY RETAINED
The Company treated the fresh produce business as (i) discontinued
operations on its consolidated statements of operations for the years ended
December 31, 2000, 1999, and 1998 and (ii) net assets of discontinued operations
on its consolidated balance sheet for the year ended December 31, 2000. The
47
Company also accounted for the fresh produce business as discontinued operations
for the quarters ended March 31, June 30, and September 30, 2001.
For financial reporting purposes, the revenues and income attributable to
the undisposed discontinued operations that had been classified in the
consolidated statements of operations as discontinued operations consisted of
the following (in thousands of dollars):
FARMING DISTRIBUTION TOTAL
-------- ------------ --------
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001
Revenues.................................................... $ 6,372 $198,099 $204,471
Loss before provision for income taxes...................... (21,515) (5,091) (26,606)
Income tax expense.......................................... -- 672 672
Loss from operations, net of income taxes and minority
interest.................................................. (21,515) (6,225) (27,740)
Net loss.................................................... (21,515) (6,225) (27,740)
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2000
Revenues.................................................... -- $222,789 $222,789
Loss before provision for income taxes...................... $(10,458) (5,323) (15,781)
Income tax expense.......................................... 15 628 643
Loss from operations, net of income taxes and minority
interest.................................................. (8,534) (6,345) (14,879)
Net loss.................................................... (8,534) (6,345) (14,879)
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1999
Revenues.................................................... $ 594 $236,233 $236,827
Loss before provision for income taxes...................... (19,114) (1,246) (20,360)
Income tax expense.......................................... 3 975 978
Loss from operations, net of income taxes and minority
interest.................................................. (15,577) (3,076) (18,653)
Net loss.................................................... (15,577) (3,076) (18,653)
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998
Revenues.................................................... $ 2,661 $251,401 $254,062
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes............. (12,896) 3,000 (9,896)
Income tax expense.......................................... -- 456 456
Income (loss) from operations, net of income taxes and
minority interest......................................... (11,821) 2,070 (9,751)
Net income (loss)........................................... (11,821) 2,070 (9,751)
48
For financial reporting purposes, the assets and liabilities attributable to
the undisposed discontinued operations that had been classified in the
consolidated balance sheet as net assets of discontinued operations consisted of
the following (in thousands of dollars):
FARMING DISTRIBUTION TOTAL
-------- ------------ --------
AT DECEMBER 31, 2001
Current assets.............................................. $28,731 $ 33,306 $ 62,037
Total assets................................................ 71,325 38,349 109,674
Current liabilities......................................... 39,358 30,699 70,057
Total liabilities........................................... 39,359 31,255 70,614
Minority interest........................................... 0 137 137
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)............... (62) 67 5
Net assets of undisposed discontinued operations............ $32,028 $ 6,890 $ 38,918
AT DECEMBER 31, 2000
Current assets.............................................. $22,672 $ 38,981 $ 61,653
Total assets................................................ 84,880 44,038 128,918
Current liabilities......................................... 30,396 35,438 65,834
Total liabilities........................................... 30,415 35,622 66,037
Minority interest........................................... (1,145) 3,214 2,069
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)............... 0 260 260
Net assets of undisposed discontinued operations............ $55,610 $ 4,942 $ 60,552
As the Company did not proceed to complete the sale in 2001 and has no
current plans to do so, the results of operations of the fresh produce business
have been reclassified from discontinued operations to continuing operations for
these prior periods and the net assets from discontinued operations in the
December 31, 2000 balance sheet were reclassified to their respective balance
sheet accounts.
NOTE 5--DIVESTITURES OF SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES AND STRAWBERRY ASSETS
On February 19, 2001, IPHC sold its entire 75% interest in Tanimura
Distributing, Inc. ("TDI"), its Los Angles based distributing company, back to
TDI in exchange for a note obligating TDI to pay IPHC $1.2 million, plus
interest at 10.5% per annum, over a three year period. IPHC recorded a loss on
the sale of TDI of $0.4 million in the first quarter of 2001.
On November 1, 2001 ABSA sold its entire 50.01% interest in Interfruver,
S.A. de C.V., ABSA's distributing subsidiary in Mexico, to members of the Bon
Family who previously had owned the remaining 49.99%. In consideration for
ABSA's interests, the consideration accorded ABSA by the Bons consisted of both
a fixed and variable component. The fixed component was approximately
$2.6 million, of which $1.1 million was purchase price and the balance of
$1.5 million was payment for outstanding accounts receivable and for services
provided by ABSA both prior to the date of the purchase agreement and in 2002.
There is an additional variable component of the purchase price due to be paid
through four annual payments in calendar years 2002-2005. ABSA received
$1.7 million in November 2001 and an additional $0.7 million in March 2002. The
remaining $0.2 million is due on August 31, 2002. ABSA recorded a loss on the
sale of Interfruver of $5.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2001.
During the second quarter of 2001 VPP shut down its strawberry breeding
program, and in the fourth quarter sold the assets associated with this program.
VPP recorded a $3.4 million loss on the sale of these assets in 2001.
49
NOTE 6--ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Accounts receivable were comprised of the following:
(THOUSANDS OF
U.S. DOLLARS)
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
Trade..................................................... $17,645 $30,512
Recoverable value-added tax............................... 1,728 1,520
Officers and employees.................................... 44 48
Sundry debtors............................................ 2,540 2,122
Related parties........................................... 634 3,215
------- -------
22,591 37,417
Allowance for doubtful accounts and returns............... (2,852) (3,874)
------- -------
$19,739 $33,543
======= =======
The Company sells its produce primarily to retailers and wholesalers in the
United States, Mexico and Canada. No single customer accounted for more than 10%
of the Company's sales, and there were no significant accounts receivable from a
single customer at December 31, 2001.
NOTE 7--ADVANCES TO GROWERS
Advances to growers were comprised of the following:
(THOUSANDS OF
U.S. DOLLARS)
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
Advances to growers....................................... $13,652 $13,807
Advances to related parties............................... 233 233
------- -------
13,885 14,040
Allowance for doubtful accounts........................... (4,886) (5,879)
------- -------
$ 8,999 $ 8,161
======= =======
The Company had agreements in 2001 and 2000 with certain produce growers in
Mexico whereby a significant portion of growing costs were paid in advance by
the Company. The growing costs were recorded as advances to growers and
recognized as a component of cost of produce sales when the produce is sold. The
advances in Mexico were $7.3 million and $5.2 million at December 31, 2001 and
2000, respectively, and were secured by promissory notes and/or the right to use
the acreage of the grower if the advances were not repaid. Advances to growers
in the United States were $2.4 million and $3.0 million at December 31, 2001 and
2000, respectively, and generally were not collateralized.
50
NOTE 8--INVENTORIES
Inventories were comprised of the following:
(THOUSANDS OF
U.S. DOLLARS)
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
Finished produce.......................................... $ 844 $ 2,790
Growing crops............................................. 5,691 6,277
Advances to suppliers..................................... 727 259
Spare parts and materials................................. 2,875 3,590
Merchandise in transit and other.......................... 2,848 5,216
------- -------
12,985 18,132
Allowance for slow moving inventory....................... (188) (222)
------- -------
$12,797 $17,910
======= =======
NOTE 9--ASSETS HELD FOR SALE
Assets held for sale were comprised of the following:
(THOUSANDS OF
U.S. DOLLARS)
DECEMBER 31,
--------------------
2001 2000
-------- ---------
Agricultural land in Sinaloa, Mexico........................ $3,255 $ --
Agricultural land in Guerrero, Mexico....................... 825 --
Land and greenhouse facilities in Brentwood, California..... 165 --
------ ---------
$4,245 $ --
====== =========
NOTE 10--PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment was comprised of the following:
(THOUSANDS OF
U.S. DOLLARS)
DECEMBER 31,
------------------- ESTIMATED
2001 2000 USEFUL LIFE
-------- -------- -----------
Land........................................... $ 6,845 $ 9,688
Buildings...................................... 12,687 12,715 25 years
Machinery and equipment........................ 23,411 22,253 15 years
Office equipment............................... 4,790 4,545 4 years
Transportation equipment....................... 5,445 3,976 10 years
Vineyards and agricultural tools............... 3,035 2,994 3 years
Land improvements and others................... 1,536 1,177 13 years
Construction in progress....................... 1,182 317
-------- --------
58,931 57,665
Accumulated depreciation and amortization...... (25,143) (20,780)
-------- --------
$ 33,788 $ 36,885
======== ========
There were no capitalized leases associated with any of the buildings or
equipment at December 31, 2001 and 2000.
51
NOTE 11--IMPAIRMENT OF GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
In December 2001, in connection with its ongoing review of business
operations, the Company conducted a strategic and financial examination of its
business segments. This examination triggered an impairment review of certain
long-lived assets, including goodwill, patents and trademarks. The Company
calculated the present value of expected cash flows of its fresh produce and
technology businesses to determine the fair value of those assets. Accordingly,
the Company recorded charges of $21.9 million and $8.0 million for the
impairment of its goodwill and patents and trademarks, respectively, related to
the fresh produce and technology businesses. The Company's technology assets
became impaired because of (i) the decision to terminate VPP's breeding program
and dispose of the related assets and (ii) the change in DNAP's technology
strategy from a focus on quality trait improvements and the commercialization of
fruits and vegetables using these traits to a technology program focused on
disease and nematode resistance traits with value deriving from the sale or
licensing of these traits. The Company's fresh produce assets were determined to
have become impaired based on the future outlook for cash flows of the fresh
produce business taking into account its failure to generate a positive annual
cash flow in each of the past six years and an analysis of the reasons
underlying this performance failure.
NOTE 12--OTHER ASSETS, NET
Other assets were comprised of the following:
(THOUSANDS OF
U.S. DOLLARS)
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
Notes receivable from growers............................. $13,508 $10,760
Others.................................................... 872 1,560
------- -------
14,380 12,320
Allowance for doubtful accounts........................... (3,651) (1,802)
------- -------
$10,729 $10,518
======= =======
NOTE 13--BANK LOANS AND LONG-TERM DEBT
BANK LOANS
At December 31, 2001, all of the Company's $10.1 million of bank debt
($9.5 million of which is current) was associated with Bionova Produce, Inc.
There are three primary components to this debt. Bionova Produce, Inc. has a
$6 million revolving line of credit, the principal of which is due in full on
September 30, 2002. Interest is charged at the U.S. prime rate of interest (4.5%
at December 31, 2001), and interest payments are made on a monthly basis. The
line is secured by a pledge of Bionova Produce, Inc.'s accounts receivable,
inventory and general intangibles and is guaranteed by Savia. The key covenants
associated with this line of credit are that Bionova Produce, Inc. must maintain
a minimum net worth of $7.5 million, a current ratio of at least 1.1 to 1, and a
year-end leverage ratio (debt to tangible net worth) of no more than 2.0 to 1.
All other debt of Bionova Produce, Inc. to Savia is subordinated to the bank,
additional borrowings in excess of $0.5 million require bank approval, and
Bionova Produce, Inc. may not loan or advance money to Savia or Seminis. The
second component of the debt is a five-year loan secured by real property and is
guaranteed by Savia. The loan is for $0.8 million and is due August 30, 2006.
Principal and interest payments of approximately $15,000 are due monthly. The
interest rate on this debt is 8.25% per annum. The third component of the bank
debt is a term loan in an amount of $2.5 million, which is due on June 30, 2002.
Interest rate is charged at the U.S. prime rate of interest plus 1% and is to be
paid on a monthly basis. This term loan is secured
52
by real estate in Nogales, Arizona and San Diego, California and is guaranteed
by Savia. The loan is subject to the same net worth and other financial
covenants as the revolving line of credit. In conjunction with Savia's loan
guarantees, Savia has taken liens on certain of ABSA's assets as security for
this debt.
LONG-TERM DEBT
On March 22, 1999, the Company issued $100 million of Senior Guaranteed
Floating Rate Notes due March 23, 2002. The interest rate on this debt during
the first quarter of 2000 was 12.28%. In addition, the Company was charged a
service fee of 1% by Savia relating to its guarantee on these notes. On
April 13, 2000 the entire amount of the $100 million of Senior Guaranteed
Floating Rate Notes was retired. Financing for this early retirement of the
notes was provided by Savia. Savia agreed to provide this $100 million of
financing on terms no less favorable than the terms of the Floating Rate Notes.
Savia also agreed that Bionova Holding could defer all interest payments until
the final maturity date of March 23, 2002, and that Bionova Holding would not be
required to maintain any funds in an interest reserve account. On December 29,
2000 $52.0 million of the advances from Savia was capitalized and the balance of
$48 million remains as an advance towards the sale of the fresh produce business
to Savia.
Upon retirement of the $100 million of the Senior Guaranteed Floating Rate
Notes, the Company recorded an extraordinary loss of $1.9 million to write off
the remaining debt issuance costs included in other assets.
As a result of the capitalization and sale transaction, $9.9 million of
accrued interest that would otherwise have been payable was reversed and treated
as part of Savia's capital contribution for accounting purposes.
Consolidated obligations under long-term debt arrangements are denominated
in U.S. dollars and were comprised of:
(THOUSANDS OF
U.S. DOLLARS)
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
Capital lease obligations secured by the related equipment
acquired, bearing interest at variable annual rates (14%
at December 31, 2001)..................................... $ 19 $202
Mortgage notes payable to banks secured by real property,
interest at prime plus 1.5% (8.25% at December 31,
2001)..................................................... 700 --
Notes to former minority stockholders of ABSA and IPHC,
bearing interest at 10%................................... -- 709
---- ----
719 911
Less current portion........................................ 161 708
---- ----
Long-term debt.............................................. $558 $203
==== ====
53
NOTE 14--ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES
Accounts payable and accrued expenses were comprised of the following:
(THOUSANDS OF
U.S. DOLLARS)
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
Trade..................................................... $10,789 $14,659
Payables to growers....................................... 1,137 1,505
Accrued compensation...................................... 483 1,171
Accrued interest.......................................... 83 719
Income taxes payable...................................... 1,077 104
Sundry creditors.......................................... 5,521 9,304
------- -------
$19,090 $27,462
======= =======
NOTE 15--INCOME TAXES
The (charges) credits for income taxes are summarized as follows:
(THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS)
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
-------- -------- --------
Current
United States
Federal.......................................... $ -- $ -- $ --
State............................................ -- (48) (85)
Foreign............................................ (1,570) (933) (1,132)
------- ----- -------
(1,570) (981) (1,217)
------- ----- -------
Deferred
United States
Federal.......................................... $ -- $ -- $ 50
State............................................ -- 257 203
Foreign............................................ 898 81 (14)
------- ----- -------
898 338 239
------- ----- -------
Income tax expense................................. $ (672) $(643) $ (978)
======= ===== =======
54
Income tax (expense) benefit differs from the amounts computed by applying
the statutory federal income tax rate (35% in Mexico and 34% in United States)
to pretax income as a result of the following:
(THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS)
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
-------- -------- --------
Tax benefit at statutory rate in the United
States (34%)................................. $ 18,959 $ 14,251 $ 13,721
Effect of lower tax rate of 17% for
agricultural businesses in Mexico............ (2,288) (3,259) (3,186)
Change in valuation allowance of deferred tax
assets....................................... (28,677) (18,281) (13,392)
Taxable inflationary gains in Mexico........... 27 110 18
Depreciation on inflation-indexed value of
property, plant, and equipment in Mexico..... (3) 20 (1)
State taxes.................................... -- 291 118
Effect of change in ABSA's tax filing status... 8,651 4,972 1,557
Other.......................................... 2,659 1,253 187
-------- -------- --------
$ (672) $ (643) $ (978)
======== ======== ========
Significant components of the Company's deferred tax liabilities and assets
at December 31, 2001 and 2000 are shown below:
(THOUSANDS OF
U.S. DOLLARS)
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
2001 2000
-------- --------
Deferred tax assets
Tax loss carryforwards................................ $ 77,748 $ 44,014
Non-deductible provisions............................. -- 2,416
Other................................................. 1,281 4,435
-------- --------
Total deferred tax assets............................... 79,029 50,865
Valuation allowance..................................... (79,029) (50,234)
-------- --------
Net deferred tax assets................................. -- 631
-------- --------
Deferred tax liabilities
Inventories........................................... -- (1,184)
Other................................................. -- (341)
-------- --------
Total deferred tax liabilities.......................... -- (1,525)
-------- --------
Net deferred tax liabilities............................ $ -- $ (894)
======== ========
The Mexican asset tax of 1.8% on certain net assets is not applied during
the first three years after an asset is placed in service. This tax, once
applied, is due if Mexican federal income taxes are not in excess of the asset
tax and can be reduced by tax credits for certain property, plant and equipment
investments. Asset taxes paid can be recovered in future years from taxes on
future income in excess of future asset taxes. Through December 31, 2001,
investment tax credits have offset applicable asset taxes.
Effective for the year ended December 31, 1999, ABSA changed to a simplified
tax filing status for agricultural businesses as permitted by Mexican tax law.
Under the simplified filing status, taxable income is calculated as
stockholders' equity over and above common stock and additional
55
paid-in-capital and is payable when dividends are paid to stockholders. As a
result, deferred tax assets generated under the simplified tax filing status
consist of the accumulated deficit recorded on the books of ABSA and are
included in tax loss carryforwards.
At December 31, 2001, the Company had total tax loss carryforwards of
approximately $262.6 million. Tax loss carryforwards from the Company's Mexican
subsidiaries can be inflation-indexed in Mexico until the date of their
application against future taxable profits. The tax loss carryforwards expire
from 2003 to 2009. The tax loss carryforwards are contained in the Company's
Mexican subsidiaries ($145.7 million), U.S. subsidiaries ($116.9 million), and
other foreign subsidiaries ($0.0 million).
DNAP had tax loss carryforwards at the date of the Merger whose utilization
is limited to $27.8 million. A full valuation allowance has been provided with
respect to these tax loss carryforwards.
NOTE 16--CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
The rights, preferences and privileges of the Series A preferred stock are
as follows:
DIVIDENDS
The holders of shares of the Series A preferred stock are entitled to
receive dividends payable when and as declared by the Board of Directors of the
Company at a rate determined by the Board of Directors. No dividend shall be
paid on common stock unless dividends have been paid or declared upon all shares
of Series A preferred stock at a rate per share equal to the dividend payment on
the common stock into which each share of Series A preferred stock is
convertible. As of December 31, 2001, no dividends had been declared or paid.
LIQUIDATION PREFERENCE
In certain events, including liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the
Company, the holders of Series A preferred stock have a preference in
liquidation over the common stockholders of $10,000 per share, plus any
dividends declared but unpaid thereon. If the assets of the Company are not
sufficient to fulfill the liquidation amount, the stockholders will share in the
distribution of the assets on a pro rata basis based on the liquidation amount.
VOTING RIGHTS
Each holder of preferred stock shall be entitled to one vote for each share
held. Holders of Series A preferred stock are limited to votes on (i) a creation
or adjustment to securities senior to the Series A preferred stock, or
(ii) amendments to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation that would
adversely affect the rights and preferences of the Series A preferred stock.
CONVERSION
The Series A preferred stock is convertible into common stock at the option
of the holder at any time after adoption and filing by the Company of a charter
amendment increasing the authorized number of shares of Common Stock to at least
70,000,000. Each share of preferred stock is convertible into 115,780.58 shares
of common stock, subject to customary adjustments to protect against dilution.
NOTE 17--STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS
STOCK OPTION PLANS
As a result of the Merger the Company assumed DNAP's existing stock option
plans. The number of shares and option exercise prices were adjusted to give
effect to the exchange ratio stipulated in the
56
merger agreement. The six plans are the 1982 Stock Option Plan, 1986 Stock
Option Plan, 1994 Stock Option Plan, the Non-Employee Directors Stock Option
Plan, the Incentive Stock Option Plan, and the Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan.
Approximately 26,020 options were outstanding at December 31, 2001 under all of
these stock option plans. The Company does not expect to award any new options
under any of these plans.
The 1986 Plan and 1994 Plan provided for the granting of incentive stock
options, as defined under the Internal Revenue Code, and non-qualified stock
options, restricted stock and stock appreciation rights to officers and
employees of, and consultants and advisors to DNAP (and now the Company), at
prices which were generally not less than the fair market value of the common
stock on the date of grant and expiring ten years from the date of grant.
The Directors' Plan provided for initial and annual grants of non-qualified
stock options to each non-employee director at prices which were equal to 90%
and 100%, respectively, of the fair market value of DNAP's (and now the
Company's) common stock on the date of grant and expiring ten years from the
date of grant. An initial director's option became exercisable in five equal
annual installments, beginning one year from the date of grant, and the annual
awards became fully exercisable within one year from the date of grant.
In addition to the options plans assumed at the time of the Merger, the
first awards were made under Bionova Holding Corporation's 1998 Long-Term
Incentive Plan in 1999. This plan provides for the issuance of stock options and
other forms of stock-based awards to all employees and directors of the Company.
The maximum number of shares of common stock that are available for grant of
awards under this plan is not to exceed 2,000,000 shares. At December 31, 2001
there were 190,000 options outstanding under this plan. These options vest in
equal amounts of 25% per year over a four-year period.
A summary of the activity under all of the Company's stock option plans
during 1999, 2000, and 2001 is as follows:
STOCK OPTIONS
-------------
Outstanding on December 31, 1998............................ 65,782
Granted................................................... 392,600
Expired and canceled...................................... (96,290)
---------
Outstanding on December 31, 1999............................ 362,092
Expired and canceled...................................... (36,447)
---------
Outstanding on December 31, 2000............................ 325,645
Expired and canceled...................................... (109,625)
---------
Outstanding on December 31, 2001............................ 216,020
---------
Available for grant at December 31, 2001.................... 1,810,000
---------
Exercisable at December 31, 2001............................ 121,020
---------
Option prices per share:
Expired or canceled....................................... $3.25 to $54.00
Outstanding............................................... $3.25 to $65.25
57
The following table summarizes information about the outstanding stock
options at December 31, 2001.
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE WEIGHTED WEIGHTED
REMAINING AVERAGE NUMBER OF AVERAGE
OPTIONS CONTRACTUAL EXERCISE EXERCISABLE EXERCISE
RANGE OF EXERCISE PRICES OUTSTANDING LIFE PRICE OPTIONS PRICE
- ------------------------ ----------- ----------- -------- ----------- --------
$ 3.25.................................... 190,000 7.33 Yrs. $ 3.25 95,000 $ 3.25
$20.31.................................... 3,500 3.41 Yrs. $20.31 3,500 $20.31
$35.00-$38.75............................. 4,935 2.89 Yrs. $35.53 4,935 $35.53
$43.75-$50.00............................. 11,085 1.63 Yrs. $47.63 11,085 $47.63
$53.75-$65.25............................. 6,500 1.79 Yrs. $54.74 6,500 $54.74
------- -------
Total..................................... 216,020 6.71 Yrs. $ 8.11 121,020 $11.92
------- -------
FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES
The fair value of options granted in 1999 was estimated using the
Black-Scholes model with the following weighted average assumptions: dividend
yield of 0%, expected volatility of 114%, risk free interest rate of 5.2%, and
an expected life of 7 years.
During 2001, 2000 and 1999, had compensation expense for the Company's
option plans been determined based on the fair value at grant dates, the
Company's net loss per share would have been as follows:
THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS
(EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31
------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
-------- -------- --------
Loss before income tax:
As reported.................................. $(55,461) $(33,313) $(19,996)
Pro forma.................................... (55,546) (33,520) (20,145)
Net loss:
As reported.................................. (56,594) (32,411) (38,649)
Pro forma.................................... (56,579) (32,618) (38,798)
Diluted loss per share:
As reported.................................. (2.40) (1.37) (1.64)
Pro forma.................................... (2.40) (1.38) (1.64)
NOTE 18--BALANCES AND TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES
The Company believes that the terms of the related party transactions
discussed in this section were at least as favorable to Bionova Holding as those
that could have been secured in arm's length transactions.
DEBT FACILITIES WITH SAVIA AND ACCOUNTS DUE TO SAVIA'S SUBSIDIARIES
At December 31, 2001 ABSA was indebted to Savia in a total amount of
$19.1 million. ABSA's debt with Savia came about due to funds provided by Savia
which enabled ABSA to pay down its entire $20.0 million of debt with Mexican
commercial banks in December 2000 and January 2001. ABSA's debt with Savia
currently is accruing interest at a rate of approximately 9.0% per annum and is
due on June 30, 2002.
58
At December 31, 2001, Bionova Holding was indebted to Savia in a total
amount of $62.9 million arising from $48.0 million of advances made prior to
2001, $7.5 million advanced during 2001 under a cash support agreement for the
payment of expenses incurred in 2001 for its technology business and corporate
overhead, and $7.4 million of interest that accrued on these advances. This debt
currently is accruing interest at a rate of 12.25% per annum, and interest and
principal are due on December 31, 2002.
At December 31, 2001 DNAP was indebted to Savia for $1.3 million due to
Savia's agreement to settle the Grace Brothers lawsuit on behalf of DNAP.
At December 31, 2001, other subsidiary companies of Bionova Holding
associated with the fresh produce business had related party advances from Savia
and its subsidiaries in a total amount of $6.0 million.
ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES AGREEMENT
On July 1, 1996, Bionova Holding and Bionova, S.A. de C.V. ("Bionova
Mexico") entered into an Administrative Services Agreement. This agreement
provided that Bionova Mexico will render certain administrative and clerical
services to Bionova Holding and its subsidiaries in return for payment
equivalent to the compensation, benefits, and other overhead attributable to the
employees of Bionova Mexico performing these services, all of which will be
performed in Mexico. This agreement was terminated as on August 31, 2001.
Amounts billed in 2001, 2000, and 1999 by Bionova Mexico under this agreement
were $0.743 million, $4.500 million, and $5.415 million, respectively. At
December 31, 2001 and 2000, the Company had no outstanding payable due to
Bionova Mexico.
An Administrative Services Agreement between Comercializadora Premier, S.A.
de C.V. ("Premier Mexico") a wholly-owned subsidiary of ABSA, and Savia was
entered into on September 1, 2001. This agreement provides that Savia will
render certain administrative and clerical services to Premier Mexico (and other
Bionova Holding subsidiaries) in return for payment equivalent to the
compensation, benefits, and other overhead attributable to the employees of
Savia performing these services, all of which will be performed in Mexico. The
term of this agreement will continue until either Premier Mexico or Savia elects
to terminate the agreement. Amounts billed in 2001 by Savia under this agreement
were $0.252 million. As of December 31, 2001, the Company had a payable to Savia
outstanding of $0.252 million on this agreement. The outstanding balances bear
interest at variable rates comparable to those prevailing in the marketplace.
LONG-TERM FUNDED RESEARCH AGREEMENT
On September 26, 1996, in connection with the merger between DNAP and
Bionova Holding, DNAP and Savia entered into a long-term funded research
agreement, which provided that DNAP and Savia, directly or through their
affiliates, would use their best efforts to agree on research projects to be
conducted by DNAP for Savia or its affiliates and which would result in payments
to DNAP of $30 million over a 10-year period, with minimum funding (subject to
carry forwards) of $9 million in any three-year period. Unless otherwise agreed
by the parties, payments of at least $0.625 million in respect of Savia's
obligation to fund research projects were to be made at the beginning of each
calendar quarter. In the fourth quarter of 1996, Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc.
("Seminis"), a subsidiary of Savia, commenced work under this long-term research
agreement with DNAP. Through December 31, 2001 Seminis paid DNAP $12.4 million
in cash. Work performed during 2001, 2000, and 1999, earned revenue in the
amounts of $2.130 million $2.390 million, and $2.816 million, respectively.
There remained $0.113 million of deferred revenue at December 31, 2001
associated with the Seminis work that is included in accounts due to related
parties. During 1999, DNAP earned additional revenue of $1.500 million in
accordance with the minimum funding required over the first three-year period of
the long-term funded research agreement with Savia.
59
As a provision of the Purchase Agreement between Savia and the Company, the
long-term funded research agreement between DNAP and Savia was terminated on
December 29, 2000. Seminis signed its own separate agreement, effective
January 1, 1997, which provided that Seminis and DNAP would agree on research
projects to be conducted by DNAP for Seminis which would result in payments to
DNAP of $25 million over a ten-year period, with minimum funding (subject to
carry forwards) of $7.5 million in any three-year period. This agreement
satisfied a portion of Savia's obligation under the long-term funded research
agreement described above. During 2001, Seminis reduced the amount of research
payments it would make to DNAP to a rate of $1.4 million per year. As a
provision of the Purchase Agreement between Savia and Bionova Holding, the
research agreement between DNAP and Seminis will be terminated no later than the
closing of the sale of the fresh produce business.
LEGAL REPRESENTATION
The Secretary of the Company is a shareholder in the law firm which provides
legal services to the Company and several subsidiaries. During 2001, 2000, and
1999, the law firm billed approximately $0.908 million, $0.578 million, and
$0.942 million, respectively, to the Company.
NOTE 19--COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
CONTINGENCIES
On January 21, 1997, a class action lawsuit styled GORDON K. AARON ET AL. V.
EMPRESAS LA MODERNA, S.A. DE C.V., ET AL. was filed in the U.S. federal district
court for the Northern District of California. The plaintiffs allege that, prior
to the merger (the "Merger") of DNAP with a subsidiary of Bionova Holding on
September 26, 1996, they owned shares of DNAP's $2.25 Convertible, Exchangeable
Preferred Stock ("Preferred Stock"). In connection with the Merger, all of the
shares of common stock and Preferred Stock of DNAP were converted into the
number of shares of common stock of Bionova Holding specified in the Merger
Agreement. The plaintiffs allege that they were denied certain rights they
allegedly had under the terms of the Preferred Stock and that certain
individuals (the "Individual Defendants"), each of whom was a director of DNAP
prior to the Merger and in some cases later served as a director of Bionova
Holding, breached fiduciary duties of loyalty, candor and care allegedly owed to
DNAP and its stockholders. The plaintiffs claim to have been damaged by the
alleged actions of the defendants and therefore the plaintiffs seek unspecified
actual and punitive damages as well as reimbursement of their litigation costs
and expenses. On August 27, 1997, the court granted motions to dismiss all of
the claims pending against all of the defendants, except the claims of breach of
the fiduciary duty of loyalty against the Individual Defendants. On January 14,
1999, the court reinstated the plaintiffs' claims that the preferred
stockholders were denied their contractual right to vote on the Merger, and then
on March 9, 2000, the court granted summary judgment in favor of the defendants
on the voting rights claims. On December 21, 2000, the court granted summary
judgment in favor of the defendants on all remaining claims. The plaintiffs have
appealed this judgment to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which
heard arguments on the matter on February 12, 2002. Bionova Holding and DNAP
deny any wrongdoing or liability in this matter and intend to vigorously contest
this lawsuit.
On January 7, 1999, a class action lawsuit styled GORDON K. AARON ET AL. V.
EMPRESAS LA MODERNA, S.A. DE C.V., ET AL. was filed in the U.S. federal district
court for the Northern District of California. On January 28, 1999, a
substantially identical class action lawsuit styled ROBERT KACZAK V. EMPRESAS LA
MODERNA, S.A. DE C.V., ET AL. was filed in the U.S. federal district court for
the Northern District of California, and these two cases were then consolidated.
The plaintiffs allege that, prior to the Merger of DNAP with a subsidiary of
Bionova Holding on September 26, 1996, they owned shares of DNAP's Preferred
Stock. In connection with the Merger, all of the shares of common stock and
Preferred Stock of DNAP were converted into the number of shares of common stock
of Bionova Holding specified in the Merger Agreement. The plaintiffs allege that
the Proxy Statement/Prospectus distributed to
60
DNAP's stockholders in connection with the merger contained material
misrepresentations and omitted to state material facts. Both DNAP and Bionova
Holding, as well as certain former and current directors of DNAP and Bionova
Holding, have been named as defendants in this matter. The plaintiffs claim to
have been damaged by the alleged actions of the defendants and therefore the
plaintiffs seek unspecified actual damages, reimbursement of their litigation
costs and expenses, and equitable relief, including rescission of the Merger.
The plaintiffs also allege that they were entitled to receive, and seek specific
performance of, special conversion privileges under the terms of the Certificate
of Designation that established the Preferred Stock. On March 8, 2000, the court
dismissed nearly all of the plaintiffs' claims, and subsequently the plaintiffs
filed an amended complaint with respect to some of the dismissed claims. On
September 19, 2000, the court ruled in favor of the Bionova Holding and DNAP and
dismissed all of the plaintiffs' claims. The plaintiffs have appealed this
judgment to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which heard
arguments on the matter on February 12, 2002. Bionova Holding and DNAP deny any
wrongdoing and liability in this matter and intend to vigorously contest this
lawsuit.
DNAP has been named as a defendant in several lawsuits asserting claims
against DNAP relating to research DNAP performed from 1983 through 1994 for
Brown & Williamson Tobacco Company ("B&W"). In general, the cases allege that
DNAP engaged in unfair business practices under California law and/or
participated in an alleged conspiracy among cigarette manufacturers to deceive
the public regarding the hazards of smoking. All of the pending cases are in
California state courts. In December 1999, B&W agreed to indemnify DNAP against
all costs (including costs of defense and of costs of any judgment or
settlement) incurred by DNAP in connection with these cases and any similar
cases in the future. Therefore, management no longer believes that these cases
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition or
results of operations. DNAP denies any wrongdoing or liability in these matters
and intends to vigorously contest these lawsuits.
ABSA owns one hundred hectares (approximately 247 acres) of rural land in
the State of Sinaloa, Mexico, which is the subject of a judicial proceeding
pending in Mexico initiated by a group of campesinos. The petitioners asserted
that a previous owner of the subject land, Miguel Angel Suarez, owned rural land
in excess of the maximum that was then allowed by law and that therefore the
land rightfully belonged to them. On September 25, 1996, the court upheld the
petition and ordered the land turned over to the petitioners. The court also
ruled that the transfer of the property to Olga Elena Batiz Esquer on June 2,
1990 was null and void, which would mean that the transfer of the land by
Ms. Batiz to ABSA in 1993 was ineffective. On October 23, 1996, Ms. Batiz, who
was a party to the trial court proceeding, filed a challenge to the judicial
determination based on alleged violations of her constitutional rights and
procedural and substantive errors in the trial court proceedings. If ABSA is
ultimately required to transfer the subject land, which constitutes
approximately 7.7% of the total agricultural land owned by ABSA. Mexican law
gives ABSA limited indemnification rights against the State of Sinaloa and
Ms. Batiz.
On June 16, 2000, a lawsuit styled SANTA CRUZ EMPACADORA, S. DE R.L. DE
C.V., V. R.B. PACKING OF CALIFORNIA, INC. was filed in the United States
District Court for the Southern District of California. R.B. Packing of
California, Inc., a subsidiary of Bionova Holding, had been the United States
distributor of fresh produce sold by the plaintiff. The plaintiff alleges that
R.B. Packing of California, Inc. sold Santa Cruz produce to related companies at
below market prices and thereby engaged in unfair conduct, fraud and breach of
statutory and fiduciary duties. The plaintiff seeks an unspecified amount of
compensatory and punitive damages. R.B. Packing of California, Inc. denies any
wrongdoing or liability in this matter and intends to vigorously contest this
lawsuit.
On December 30, 1998, Bionova Holding, through its subsidiary, VPP, acquired
Monsanto Company's strawberry development program. The program included breeding
assets and exclusive rights to certain of Monsanto's genetic and gene technology
for berry development, and a non-exclusive right to future Monsanto berry
technology, including strawberries, cranberries, raspberries, blackberries,
61
boysenberries, and blueberries. In January, 1999, VPP paid Monsanto
$5.0 million for those assets. The purchase contract stipulated that if Monsanto
was able to satisfy certain conditions to grant certain additional licenses, VPP
would be obligated to make payments of an additional $7.0 million. In 2000 VPP
paid Monsanto an additional $3.0 million when Monsanto was able to grant one of
these licenses. If Monsanto is able to fulfill the conditions to grant the
additional licenses, then VPP would be obligated to make additional payments in
an amount as great as $4.0 million in the future. The granting of these
additional licenses is contingent on the conclusion of a lawsuit in which
Monsanto is involved. The Company does not believe this case is likely to be
decided for at least two to three years, and it is not possible to predict with
any certainty whether Monsanto will win or lose the case.
COMMITMENTS
The Company leases certain facilities and land under non-cancelable
operating lease agreements. The leases expire at various dates through 2004 and
provide that the Company pay the taxes, insurance and maintenance expenses
related to the leased facilities. The monthly rental payments are subject to
periodic adjustments. Certain leases contain fixed escalation clauses, and rent
under these leases is charged ratably over the lease term.
The aggregate future minimum lease obligations under capital and operating
leases are as follows:
FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, (THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS)
- -------------------------------- ----------------------------
2002.................................................. $1,024
2003.................................................. 810
2004.................................................. 404
------
Total future minimum lease payments................... $2,238
======
Rent expense incurred under the non-cancelable operating leases totaled
$0.822 million, $0.892 million, and $0.392 million during the years ended
December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
NOTE 20--INFORMATION ON SEGMENTS AND OPERATIONS IN DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHIC AREAS
For operating and financial reporting purposes, the Company historically has
classified its business into three fundamental areas: (1) FARMING, which
consists principally of interests in Company-owned fresh produce production
facilities and joint ventures or contract growing arrangements with other
growers; (2) DISTRIBUTION, consisting principally of interests in sales and
distribution companies in Mexico, the United States and Canada; and
(3) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (OR TECHNOLOGY), consisting of business units
focused on the development of fruits and vegetables and/or intellectual
properties associated with these development efforts. The Farming and
Distribution segments are referred to together as the Fresh Produce Business.
Information pertaining to the operations of the different business segments
is set forth below. The Company evaluates performance based on several factors.
The most significant financial measure used to evaluate business performance is
business segment operating income. The accounting policies for each of the
business segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant
accounting policies in Note 2. Inter-segment sales are accounted for at fair
value as if the sales were to third parties. Segment information includes the
allocation of corporate overhead to the various segments, as
62
looked at from the point of view of the segment presidents, and all acquired
goodwill has been pushed down to the companies and segments that have made the
acquisitions.
(THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS)
--------------------------------------------------
RESEARCH TOTAL OF
AND REPORTABLE
FARMING DISTRIBUTION DEVELOPMENT SEGMENTS
-------- ------------ ----------- ----------
2001
Revenues from unaffiliated customers.............. $ 6,372 $198,099 $ 3,129 $207,600
Inter-segment revenues............................ 51,135 -- -- 51,135
-------- -------- -------- --------
Total revenues.................................... 57,507 198,099 3,129 258,735
Operating loss.................................... (13,436) (5,943) (23,371) (42,750)
Depreciation and amortization..................... 4,288 1,042 2,207 7,537
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets...... 8,624 5,704 15,625 29,953
Identifiable assets (1)........................... 71,886 37,200 15,405 124,491
Acquisition of long-lived assets.................. 3,640 1,701 96 5,437
2000
Revenues from unaffiliated customers.............. $ 187 $222,602 $ 3,467 $226,256
Inter-segment revenues............................ 41,186 -- -- 41,186
-------- -------- -------- --------
Total revenues.................................... 41,373 222,602 3,467 267,442
Operating loss.................................... (12,706) (2,141) (7,056) (21,903)
Depreciation and amortization..................... 4,916 1,165 2,240 8,321
Identifiable assets (1)........................... 85,049 41,468 35,701 162,218
Acquisition of long-lived assets.................. 6,757 629 3,539 10,925
1999
Revenues from unaffiliated customers.............. $ 681 $236,146 $ 5,532 $242,359
Inter-segment revenues............................ 58,288 -- -- 58,288
-------- -------- -------- --------
Total revenues.................................... 58,969 236,146 5,532 300,647
Operating loss.................................... (16,771) (1,723) (5,702) (24,196)
Depreciation and amortization..................... 4,826 1,119 2,180 8,125
Identifiable assets (1)........................... 70,714 55,237 43,253 169,204
Acquisition of long-lived assets.................. 4,176 2,353 266 6,795
- ------------------------
1. Identifiable assets for segments are defined as total assets less cash in
banks, deferred income taxes and investment in shares.
63
Reconciliation of the segments to total consolidated amounts is set forth
below:
(THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS)
2001 2000 1999
-------- -------- --------
Revenues
Revenues from unaffiliated customers........................ $258,735 $267,442 $300,647
Inter-segment revenues...................................... (51,135) (41,186) (58,288)
-------- -------- --------
Total revenues.............................................. 207,600 226,256 242,359
======== ======== ========
Income before taxes
Total operating loss from reportable segments............... (42,750) $(21,903) $(24,196)
Total operating loss from Bionova Holding Corporation (1)... (3,482) (4,168) (2,882)
Interest, net............................................... (7,778) (15,371) (14,183)
Exchange gain (loss), net................................... (536) 381 905
Shareholder litigation expense.............................. (1,300) -- --
Other non-operating (expense) income, net................... 385 (187) --
Extraordinary gain due to interest reversal................. -- 9,852 --
Extraordinary loss on retirement of floating rate notes..... -- (1,917) --
-------- -------- --------
Consolidated loss before taxes.............................. (55,461) (33,313) (40,356)
-------- -------- --------
Assets
Total segment identifiable assets........................... $124,491 $162,218 $169,204
Unallocated and corporate assets (2)........................ 2,841 5,296 17,265
Eliminations (3)............................................ (30,493) (12,207) (24,516)
-------- -------- --------
Consolidated assets......................................... $ 96,839 $155,307 $161,953
======== ======== ========
NOTES:
1. Certain expenses, such as shareholder litigation, investor relations, and
Board and professional fees have not been allocated to the segments.
Management determined that these types of expenses have not been associated
with, nor did the results of these activities benefit the operating
segments.
2. Includes Bionova Holding's and segments' cash in banks, deferred income
taxes and other corporate assets.
3. Consists principally of inter-segment intercompany balances.
64
Revenue from external customers by product / service category is set forth
below:
(THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS)
RESEARCH TOTAL OF
AND REPORTABLE
FARMING DISTRIBUTION DEVELOPMENT SEGMENTS
-------- ------------ ----------- ----------
2001
Core vegetables (1)................................ $2,981 $ 88,999 $ 91,980
Fruits and other fresh produce (2)................. 3,391 109,100 $ 571 113,062
Contracted R&D revenue............................. 2,130 2,130
Licensed technology and royalties.................. 428 428
2000
Core vegetables (1)................................ $118,078 $118,078
Fruits and other fresh produce (2)................. $ 187 104,524 104,711
Contracted R&D revenue............................. $2,405 2,405
Licensed technology and royalties.................. 1,062 1,062
1999
Core vegetables (1)................................ $121,823 $121,823
Fruits and other fresh produce (2)................. $ 681 114,323 $ 172 115,176
Contracted R&D revenue............................. 4,793 4,793
Licensed technology and royalties.................. 567 567
NOTES:
1. Core vegetables include tomatoes, bell peppers and cucumbers.
2. Fruits and other fresh produce include papayas, mangoes, grapes, melons,
watermelons and others.
Information about the Company's operations by geographic area is summarized
below:
(THOUSANDS OF U.S. DOLLARS)
MEXICO U.S. CANADA CONSOLIDATED
-------- -------- -------- ------------
2001
Total revenues...................................... $85,138 $ 79,286 $43,176 $207,600
Identifiable long-lived assets...................... 32,269 8,190 576 41,035
2000
Total revenues...................................... $99,458 $ 88,978 $37,820 $226,256
Identifiable long-lived assets...................... 45,201 33,484 637 79,322
1999
Total revenues...................................... $90,014 $116,176 $36,169 $242,359
Identifiable long-lived assets...................... 46,504 35,083 376 81,963
ITEM 9. DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Not applicable.
65
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY
Certain background information regarding the current directors and executive
officers is set forth below. Each director's and officer's term of office will
expire on the date of the Company's annual meeting of stockholders for the year
2002. Several of the directors have had associations with companies affiliated
with the Company. Brief descriptions of these affiliated companies are as
follows:
Pulsar Internacional, S.A. de C.V. ("Pulsar") is a diversified Mexican
holding company with interests in the agriculture, construction, real
estate, financial services, health care and other industries.
Savia, S.A. de C.V. ("Savia") is a diversified Mexican holding company with
interests in the agriculture, construction, and real estate industries.
Seminis, Inc. ("Seminis") is the largest developer, producer and marketer of
vegetable seeds in the world. Seminis is a majority-owned subsidiary of
Savia.
Evelyn Berezin--Ms. Berezin (age 76) has been a venture capital consultant since
1987 and was President of Greenhouse Management Corporation, the general partner
of a venture capital firm, from 1981 until 1987. Ms. Berezin is a director of
Intelli-Check, Inc. and served as a director of CIGNA Corp. until 1995.
Ms. Berezin has served as a director of the Company since 1996.
Dr. Peter Davis--Dr. Davis (age 57) is the President and Chief Executive Officer
of DNAP and VPP Corporation, Bionova Holding's subsidiaries in the technology
business. Dr. Davis has served since 1995 as a director of Seminis. Dr. Davis
has served as an advisor to many companies affiliated with Pulsar since 1981.
Dr. Davis was previously a professor at the Wharton School, where he also served
as Director of the Wharton Applied Research Center and Director of Executive
Education. Dr. Davis is a director of Kosan Biosciences, Inc. and has served as
a director of the Company since 1996.
Bernardo Jimenez--Mr. Jimenez (age 48) became the Chief Executive Officer of the
Company in October 1997. He has also been the Chief Financial Officer of Savia
since April 2000. From 1993 to 1996, he served as the head of the Industrial
Banking Division at the Vector Group, a financial services company in Mexico
which is affiliated with Savia, and the Vice President of New Business
Development for Pulsar. He is a director of both Savia and Seminis and he has
served as a director of the Company since 1996.
Dr. Gerald Laubach--Dr. Laubach (age 76) was the President of Pfizer, Inc., a
pharmaceutical company, from 1972 to 1991. He served as a director of CIGNA
Corp. and Millipore Corp. until 1996. Dr. Laubach has served as a director of
the Company since 1996.
Dr. Eli Shlifer--Dr. Shlifer (age 70) has been a director of Seminis since
January 1997. Dr. Shlifer has been a member of the executive committee of Pulsar
since 1989 and has served as an advisor to many companies affiliated with Pulsar
for more than ten years. Dr. Shlifer has served as a director of the Company
since 1999.
Fidel Hoyos--Mr. Hoyos (age 45) was appointed President of the Company's Fresh
Produce Business on June 1, 2001. Mr. Hoyos first joined the Company in
March 2000 as ABSA's Executive Vice President for Farming Operations. Prior to
joining the Company Mr. Hoyos served as an Executive Vice-President for
Cigarrera La Moderna, S.A. de C.V.
Gabriel Montemayor--Mr. Montemayor (age 36) was appointed Chief Financial
Officer of Bionova Holding on January 15, 2002. From April 2000, he served as
Chief Financial Officer of the Company's Fresh Produce Business. Mr. Montemayor
first joined the Company in 1997 as Financial Information Manager.
66
SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE
Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, requires
directors and officers of the Company, and persons who beneficially own more
than 10 percent of the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
("Common Stock"), to file with the SEC initial reports of ownership and reports
of changes in ownership of the Common Stock. Directors, officers and more than
10 percent stockholders are required by SEC regulations to furnish the Company
with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file. To the Company's knowledge,
based solely on a review of the copies of such reports furnished to the Company
and written representations that no other reports were required, during the year
ended December 31, 2001, all Section 16(a) filing requirements applicable to its
directors, officers and more than 10 percent beneficial owners were complied
with.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The following table sets forth certain information with respect to annual
and long-term compensation paid or awarded to the Company's current chief
executive officer and of the other executive officers of the Company (together,
the "Named Executive Officers") for or with respect to the fiscal years ended
December 31, 2001, 2000, and 1999.
ANNUAL COMPENSATION COMPENSATION AWARDS OTHER
----------------------------------- ----------------------- ---------
RESTRICTED SECURITIES
BASE OTHER ANNUAL STOCK UNDERLYING ALL OTHER
NAME AND SALARY BONUS COMPENSATION AWARDS OPTIONS COMP
PRINCIPAL POSITION YEAR ($) ($) ($) ($) (#) ($)
- ------------------ -------- -------- -------- ------------- ---------- ---------- ---------
Bernardo Jimenez, .................. 2001 120,000(1) -- -- -- -- --
Chief Executive Officer 2000 (1) -- -- -- -- --
1999 469,940 -- 9,280(6) -- -- --
Jorge Fenyvesi, .................... 2001 100,800(2) -- 93,400(5) -- -- --
Executive Vice President 2000 283,450 -- 151,255(5) -- -- --
1999 280,000 107,100 182,670(5) -- -- --
Arthur H. Finnel, .................. 2001 385,330(3) -- 12,115(6) -- -- 4,795(7)
Treasurer and Chief Financial 2000 348,150(3) -- 12,225(6) -- -- 4,570(7)
Officer 1999 325,400 26,230 12,890(6) -- -- 4,570(7)
Omar Diaz, ......................... 2001 191,295(4) -- 4,455(6) -- -- 1,675(7)
Executive Vice President 2000 287,860 -- 12,175(6) -- -- 2,125(7)
1999 284,595 76,115 20,745(6) -- -- 4,150(7)
Peter Davis, ....................... 2001 200,000(2) -- -- -- -- --
President of Technology
Fidel Hoyos, ....................... 2001 418,935(4) -- 12,680(6) -- -- --
President of Fresh Produce Business
(1) Mr. Jimenez's compensation was charged at a flat rate of $10,000 per month,
which was part of an administrative services fee charged by subsidiaries of
Savia to Bionova Holding for services performed in 2001. In 2000,
Mr. Jimenez's compensation was charged to Bionova Holding from January
through April of 2000 only. Thereafter in 2000, Mr. Jimenez received no
compensation for his services as Chief Executive of Bionova Holding.
(2) Mr. Fenyvesi left his position with the company on May 4, 2001. Dr. Davis
assumed Mr. Fenyvesi's responsibilities as President of the Technology
Business on May 7, 2001.
(3) The base salary changes for Mr. Finnel represent for the most part the
combination of Mexican inflation adjustments and the relative stability of
the Mexican peso from 1999 through 2001.
(4) Mr. Diaz retired from the company on May 31, 2001. Mr. Hoyos assumed Mr.
Diaz's responsibilities as President of the Fresh Produce Business on June
1, 2001.
(5) Includes $42,800, $93,250, and $87,510, in Federal and state income taxes
paid on behalf of Mr. Fenyvesi with respect to certain benefits he received
in 2001, 2000, and 1999, respectively. Includes certain expatriate bonuses
and education allowances in 2001, 2000, and 1999 amounting to $40,000,
$50,000, and $50,000, respectively.
(6) Represents certain vacation and other allowances paid on behalf of the
employees.
(7) Represents contributions made by DNAP to its 401(k) Retirement and Savings
Plan.
67
OPTION GRANTS IN 2001
No options were granted to any executive officer during the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2001.
AGGREGATED OPTION EXERCISES IN 2001 AND YEAR-END OPTION VALUES
NUMBER OF SECURITIES VALUE OF UNEXERCISED
SHARES UNDERLYING UNEXERCISED IN-THE-MONEY
ACQUIRED VALUE OPTIONS AT YEAR-END (#) OPTIONS AT YEAR-END ($)
ON EXERCISE REALIZED --------------------------- ---------------------------
NAME (#) ($) EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE
- ---- ----------- -------- ----------- ------------- ----------- -------------
Bernardo Jimenez............ 0 0 51,900 51,900 0 0
Jorge Fenyvesi.............. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Arthur H. Finnel............ 0 0 18,950 18,950 0 0
Omar Diaz................... 0 0 0 0 0 0
Peter Davis................. 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fidel Hoyos................. 0 0 0 0 0 0
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION
The members of the Compensation Committee are Evelyn Berezin and Dr. Gerald
Laubach, both of whom are non-employee directors.
COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
Directors who are not officers of the Company or any of its affiliates are
entitled to receive an annual retainer of $6,000, a fee of $1,000 for each Board
meeting attended and a fee of $500 for each committee or telephone meeting in
which the director participates. The directors elected to defer the cash
compensation to which they were entitled for 2000 and 2001. The Company also
reimburses directors for travel, lodging and related expenses they incur in
attending Board and committee meetings.
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE REPORT ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
In accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"Commission"), the following report of the Compensation Committee of the Board
of Directors and the information herein under "Performance Graph" shall not be
deemed to be "soliciting material" or to be "filed" with the Commission, and
such information shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any
statements or reports filed by the Company with the Commission that do not
specifically incorporate such information by reference, notwithstanding the
incorporation by reference of this Proxy Statement into any such statements or
reports.
REPORT OF COMPENSATION COMMITTEE ON ANNUAL COMPENSATION
The Compensation Committee (the "Committee") of the Board of Directors of
the Company is responsible for (i) administering the Company's stock option and
stock incentive plans, (ii) recommending to the Board matters pertaining to
employment agreements, salaries and bonuses for the Company's executive officers
and contributions to any of the Company's or its subsidiaries' 401(k) Investment
Plans, and (iii) carrying out any other duties delegated to the Committee by the
Board from time to time. The goal of the Company's executive compensation policy
is to ensure that an appropriate relationship exists between executive pay and
performance against the Company's objectives and that the Company can attract,
motivate and retain key executives.
The Company's executive compensation philosophy is as follows: that
(i) executive compensation packages should be designed in a manner whereby the
Company can attract and retain high quality
68
executive talent needed to ensure the short-term and long-term success of both
its fresh produce agricultural and distribution business as well as its
technology development and research activities and businesses, (ii) significant
incentives, both short-term and long-term, should become an increasing portion
of executive compensation and awarded based on both company and individual
performance, and (iii) an alignment of interests between executives and
shareholders will be created through compensation structures that share the
rewards and risks of strategic decision-making and performance.
The Committee previously had determined that it would collect and analyze
survey data of a competitive peer group of companies at least every two years.
The last survey was completed in 2000, and the Committee reviewed all of the
compensation arrangements of its group of executive officers. The Committee
determined from that review, the specifics of which are clarified below, that
the compensation of these individuals was somewhat higher than the mid-point of
the competitive set, but consistent with the Company's needs at that point in
its development to attract and retain individuals with the capabilities to drive
the Company forward in this very rapidly changing and complex business
environment. Because of the changing circumstances of the Company during the
past year, the present financial circumstances of the business, and the time and
expense required to complete a survey of this type, the Committee chose to delay
its 2002 survey until the business strategy is better clarified. The Committee
currently expects to undertake this survey before the end of 2002.
The key components of executive compensation are discussed below.
BASE SALARY. The Company has determined that it will annually set base
salary targets for its executive officers at levels competitive with persons
holding comparable positions at other companies in the Company's comparison set.
In reviewing the base salaries for executive officers of the Company against
this objective, the Committee reviewed executive compensation surveys with
companies in its major fields of business, which included fresh produce and
biotechnology companies, and in its geographic area of operations. It also took
into account the decision-making responsibilities, experience, work performance
and the prior base salaries of its executives. The Committee determined from
this review that the current base salaries of its executives fall within the
acceptable range of its base salary targets.
ANNUAL INCENTIVE BONUS. The compensation policy of the Company is that a
significant part of the annual compensation of each executive will be related to
and contingent upon the overall performance of the Company, the performance of
the subsidiaries or divisions for which the executive is responsible, and
individual objectives established by the executive with the CEO at the beginning
of the year. These bonus targets range from 30% to 45% of base salary. The
Committee reviewed competitive data and determined that these bonuses were
slightly higher than the average for the market-competitive set, but were
reasonable and consistent with the philosophy of having a significant portion of
executive compensation contingent on performance.
LONG-TERM INCENTIVES. The "1998 Long-Term Incentive Plan" that was
recommended by the Committee and approved by shareholders provides equity-based
incentive awards designed to attract and retain executives who can make
significant contributions to the Company's success, reward executives for such
significant contributions, and give executives a longer-term incentive to
increase shareholder value. Pursuant to this plan, the Committee has the
authority to grant a variety of long-term incentive awards based on the Common
Stock of the Company, including stock options (both incentive options and
non-qualified options), stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, dividend
equivalents, and other types of incentive awards. Under the plan, the Committee
has full authority to determine the provisions associated with the awards and
administer the plan. The first grants under this Plan were made in April, 1999.
Employees who received the grants included all officers of the Company, certain
senior sales and administrative employees in the fresh produce segment of the
business, and certain of the administrative employees and scientists in DNA
Plant Technology Corporation ("DNAP"). These grants were determined based on a
survey and analysis of the
69
competition and the market in an effort to achieve a level above the median.
Approximately 400,000 options were awarded in this first year. No options were
granted in 2000 or 2001.
OTHER COMPENSATION. The Company provides executives, officers and
management with health, retirement and other benefits under plans generally
available to the Company's employees. Mr. Fenyvesi also received certain
educational and expatriate payments consistent with arrangements he had with his
prior employer.
COMPENSATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER. Mr. Jimenez became the Chief
Executive Officer of the Company on October 1, 1997. His compensation is a
carryover of his arrangement as Chief Operating Officer of the agrobiotechnology
division of Savia. Mr. Jimenez received no bonus in 2000 and 2001 due to the
poor financial performance of the Company in 1999 and 2000, respectively. The
Committee approves the compensation of the Chief Executive Officer of the
Company on an annual basis.
BY THE MEMBERS OF THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE.
Evelyn Berezin (Chairman) and Dr. Gerald Laubach.
PERFORMANCE GRAPH
The following graph reflects the total return, which assumes reinvestment of
dividends, of a $100 investment in the Company, the Standard & Poor's 500 Stock
Index, and a competitor group index on September 27, 1996, the date on which the
Company's Common Stock first traded on the Nasdaq National Market. On
November 4, 1999 Bionova Holding Corporation's common stock moved from the
Nasdaq National Market to the American Stock Exchange.
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Bionova Holding Corporation................. 100.00 138.84 100.00 42.86 42.86 9.71
Peer Group Index............................ 100.00 125.84 85.34 46.03 36.13 61.01
S&P Index................................... 100.00 133.36 171.47 207.56 188.66 166.24
1 The Peer Group is made up of the following companies: Chiquita Brands
International, Inc., Cyanotech Corp., Dole Food Company, Inc., Fresh Del Monte
Produce and Northland Cranberries A. Total return calculations were weighted
according to each company's market capitalization.
70
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The table below sets forth as of March 23, 2002, the shares of Common Stock
beneficially owned by each director, each of the Named Executive Officers, and
by all directors and executive officers as a group.
AMOUNT AND NATURE OF
BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP OF
POSITION IN THE COMPANY OR COMMON STOCK AS OF PERCENT OF
NAME OTHER OFFICES HELD MARCH 23, 2002 CLASS
- ---- ------------------------------- ----------------------- ----------
Bernardo Jimenez............... Chief Executive Officer and 77,850(1) *
Director
Arthur H. Finnel............... Executive Vice President, 28,425(1) *
Treasurer and Chief Financial
Officer
Omar Diaz...................... Executive Vice President 0 *
Fidel Hoyos.................... President of Fresh Produce 0 *
Business
Evelyn Berezin................. Director 8,026(1)(2) *
Dr. Peter Davis................ Director 0 *
Dr. Gerald D. Laubach.......... Director 2,400(1) *
Dr. Eli Shlifer................ Director 0 *
All directors and executive 116,701(3) *
officers of the Company as a
group (consisting of 8
persons).....................
- ------------------------
* Represents less than 1% of Common Stock outstanding on March 23, 2002.
(1) Includes options to purchase shares of Common Stock that are currently
exercisable or that will be exercisable within sixty days as follows:
Mr. Jimenez--77,850 shares; Mr. Finnel--28,425 shares; Ms. Berezin--2,400
shares; and Dr. Laubach--2,400 shares.
(2) Includes 5,626 shares of Common Stock owned jointly by Ms. Berezin and her
husband.
(3) Gives effect to the above footnotes.
Except as noted in the footnotes above, (i) none of such shares is known by
the Company to be shares with respect to which such person has the right to
acquire beneficial ownership, and (ii) the Company believes the beneficial
holders listed above have sole voting and investment power regarding the shares
shown as being beneficially owned by them.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
The following table sets forth as of March 23, 2002, information with
respect to the only person who was known to the Company to be the beneficial
owner of more than five percent of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, which
is the Company's only class of voting securities.
NAME AND ADDRESS NUMBER OF SHARES PERCENT
OF BENEFICIAL OWNER BENEFICIALLY OWNED OF CLASS
- ------------------- ------------------ --------
Ag-Biotech Capital, LLC (1)
6701 San Pablo Avenue
Oakland, California 94608......................... 18,076,839 77.0%
- ------------------------
(1) Ag-Biotech Capital, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, is a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Savia, S.A. de C.V. ("Savia"), a corporation
organized under the laws of the United Mexican States.
71
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
INDEBTEDNESS TO SAVIA UNDER THE APRIL 2000 FUNDING AGREEMENT
On March 22, 1999, Bionova Holding issued $100 million of Senior Guaranteed
Floating Rate Notes due 2002. Bionova Holding's obligations under these notes
were guaranteed by Savia, and Bionova Holding was charged a service fee of 1% by
Savia relating to its guarantee on these notes. On April 13, 2000 the entire
amount of the $100 million of Senior Guaranteed Floating Rate Notes was retired.
Financing for this early retirement of the notes was provided by Savia pursuant
to a Funding Agreement. Savia agreed to provide this $100 million of financing
in the form of advances on terms no less favorable than the terms of the
Floating Rate Notes. Savia also agreed that Bionova Holding could defer all
interest payments until the final maturity date of March 23, 2002, and that
Bionova Holding would not be required to maintain any funds in an interest
reserve account. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement described below, on
December 29, 2000 $52.0 million of the advances from Savia, together with
certain other indebtedness to Savia, was capitalized and the balance of
$48 million remained as an advance towards the sale of the fresh produce
business to Savia. On March 21, 2002, Bionova Holding and Savia agreed to extend
the maturity date to December 31, 2002.
THE PURCHASE AGREEMENT AND THE CASH SUPPORT AGREEMENT
On December 28, 2000 Bionova Holding and Savia, the indirect owner of 77% of
Bionova Holding's outstanding common stock, entered into two agreements which
were intended to substantially change the business and financial structure of
the Company. Among other things, the agreements contemplated the capitalization
of certain amounts owed to Savia and the transfer of the Company's fresh produce
business to Savia in exchange for all remaining debt to Savia. The
capitalization was completed in December 2000. However, the Company's management
has been reconsidering the sale of the fresh produce business to Savia and that
transaction has not yet been completed.
The Purchase Agreement ("Purchase Agreement"), to which Savia's subsidiary
Ag-Biotech Capital, LLC is also a party, contains four major components. First,
Bionova Holding agreed to sell its fresh produce farming and distribution
business (including all of the debt and liabilities of the fresh produce
business) to Savia for $48 million. In acquiring the fresh produce business
Savia would purchase 100% of the shares held by Bionova Holding in ABSA and
IPHC. The purchase price for the fresh produce business was to be paid by the
application of $48 million of advances previously made by Savia to Bionova
Holding. As of September 30, 2001, both Bionova Holding and Savia had the option
to terminate the Purchase Agreement, but neither party has yet elected to take
this action.
Second, on December 29, 2000 Bionova Holding issued 200 shares of
convertible preferred stock to Bionova International, Inc. for $63.7 million,
which was paid through the application of all of the remaining outstanding
advances previously made by Savia to Bionova Holding (other than the
$48 million which was to be applied to the sale of the fresh produce business).
The 200 shares of preferred stock are convertible into 23,156,116 shares of
common stock (a conversion ratio based on $2.75 per share) at any time after
adoption and filing by the Company of a charter amendment increasing the
authorized number of shares of Common Stock to at least 70,000,000. The Company
will not receive any additional consideration upon the conversion of the
preferred stock.
Third, Savia committed to enter into sublicense agreements whereby it or its
affiliates would license to Bionova Holding certain technology rights that are
important for Bionova Holding to move forward in its business. Bionova Holding
will be able to utilize these rights for research purposes without cost. Upon
commercialization of products utilizing these technology rights the Company will
be obligated to pay royalties to Savia and/or the owner of the technology. These
licenses were granted during 2001. Fourth, the Purchase Agreement provides that
in lieu of the rights offering previously contemplated by the 1998 Stock
Purchase Agreement between Bionova International and Bionova Holding, Bionova
Holding will issue to each of its stockholders rights to purchase two shares of
72
Bionova Holding common stock for each share they own as of the date the
registration statement relating to the rights offering is declared effective or
such other record date as may be set by Bionova Holding's Board of Directors.
The exercise price for the rights will be $2.50 per share. The rights will
expire 60 days after issuance or at such other time as Savia and Bionova
Holding's Special Committee of Independent Directors may agree. Each of Savia
and Ag-Biotech Capital, LLC has agreed to surrender all of the rights it
receives to Bionova Holding without exercising them. The Purchase Agreement does
not specify a deadline for effecting the rights offering. Due to the current and
historical market prices, management has deferred the rights offering until
other strategic decisions regarding the technology business and the fresh
produce business have been made
On December 28, 2000, Bionova Holding and Savia also entered into a Cash
Support Agreement for 2001. This agreement provided that, during 2001, Savia
would advance funds to Bionova Holding as requested to finance Bionova Holding's
technology business. During 2001, Savia advanced $7.5 million under this
agreement. These advances will become due and payable to Savia on December 31,
2002 if they have not been applied to the purchase of additional shares of stock
before that date. These advances are to be applied to the purchase by Savia of
(i.e., exchanged for) additional common shares when the sale of the fresh
produce business is closed. The purchase price to be paid by Savia for the
additional shares under this Cash Support Agreement will be $2.50 per share,
subject to certain adjustments if the market price exceeds $2.50. If the sale of
the fresh produce business is completed pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, and
the preferred stock is converted to common stock as described above, then the
capitalization of the amounts advanced under the Cash Support Agreement will
increase Savia's beneficial interest in Bionova Holding to 89.1%.
OTHER TRANSACTIONS WITH SAVIA AND ITS AFFILIATES
RESEARCH AGREEMENT
DNAP and Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc. ("SVSI"), a subsidiary of Savia,
entered into a Long-Term Research Agreement effective January 1, 1997, which
provides that Seminis and DNAP will agree on research projects to be conducted
by DNAP for Seminis which will result in payments to DNAP of $25 million over a
ten-year period, with minimum funding (subject to carry forwards) of
$7.5 million in any three-year period. Unless otherwise agreed by the parties,
payments of at least $0.625 million in respect of Seminis's obligation to fund
research projects are to be paid to DNAP at the beginning of each calendar
quarter during the term of the Long Term Funded Research Agreement. During 2001,
SVSI paid DNAP $1.8 million with respect to work under this agreement. During
2001, Seminis reduced the amount of research payments it would make to DNAP to a
rate of $1.4 million per year. As a provision of the Purchase Agreement between
Savia and Bionova Holding, the research agreement between DNAP and Seminis will
be terminated no later than the closing of the sale of the fresh produce
business.
FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS
At December 31, 2001, Savia guaranteed $10.1 million of Bionova Holding's
short-term bank loans, including amounts due to banks under various lines of
credit facilities. All of these short-term loans are associated with the
Company's fresh produce business. ABSA has pledged certain of its real estate
assets to Savia to secure repayment to Savia of any amounts it may be required
to pay under the guarantee. Savia charged Bionova Holding a service fee of 1.5%
relating to its guarantee on these notes. During 2001, Bionova Holding incurred
expense of $0.192 million under these guarantee arrangements.
At December 31, 2001 ABSA was indebted to Savia in a total amount of
$19.1 million. This debt currently is accruing interest at a rate of
approximately 9.0% per annum.
73
At December 31, 2001 Bionova Holding was indebted to Savia in an amount of
$62.9 million. This debt currently is accruing interest at a rate of 12.25%.
At December 31, 2001 DNAP was indebted to Savia for $1.3 million due to
Savia's agreement to settle the Grace Brothers lawsuit on behalf of DNAP.
At December 31, 2001, other subsidiary companies of Bionova Holding
associated with the fresh produce business had related party advances from Savia
and its subsidiaries in a total amount of $6.0 million.
SERVICES AGREEMENT
On July 1, 1996, Bionova Holding and Bionova, S.A. de C.V. ("Bionova
Mexico") entered into an Administrative Services Agreement. This agreement
provided that Bionova Mexico will render certain administrative and clerical
services to Bionova Holding and its subsidiaries in return for payment
equivalent to the compensation, benefits, and other overhead attributable to the
employees of Bionova Mexico performing these services, all of which will be
performed in Mexico. This agreement was terminated on August 31, 2001. In 2001,
the amount billed by Bionova Mexico under this agreement was $0.743 million, all
of which was billed to the fresh produce business.
An Administrative Services Agreement between Comercializadora Premier, S.A.
de C.V. ("Premier Mexico"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of ABSA, and Savia was
entered into on September 1, 2001. This agreement provides that Savia will
render certain administrative and clerical services to Premier Mexico (and other
Bionova Holding subsidiaries) in return for payment equivalent to the
compensation, benefits, and other overhead attributable to the employees of
Savia performing these services, all of which will be performed in Mexico. The
term of this agreement will continue until either Premier Mexico or Savia elects
to terminate the agreement. Amounts billed in 2001 by Savia under this agreement
were $0.252 million. As of December 31, 2001, the Company had a payable to Savia
outstanding of $0.252 million on this agreement. The outstanding balances bear
interest at variable rates comparable to those prevailing in the marketplace.
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) The following documents are filed as a part of this report:
(1) Financial Statements included in Item 8 herein:
Report of Independent Accountants
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2001 and 2000
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income
and Loss for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for
the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for years ended
December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(2) Financial Statement Schedules required to be filed by Item 8 of
Form 10-K or by paragraph (d):
Schedule II: Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves for
the three years ended December 31, 2001
74
(3) Exhibits:
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
- ------- -----------
3.1* Certificate of Incorporation of the Company
3.2 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation
of the Company effective September 26, 1996 (filed as an
exhibit to the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for
the quarterly period ended June 30, 1996 and incorporated
herein by reference)
3.3 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation
of the Company effective April 28, 1999 (filed as an exhibit
to the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended March 31, 1999 and incorporated
herein by reference)
3.4** Bylaws of the Company
4.1*** Certificate of Designations for Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock
10.1* Loan Agreement dated as of January 26, 1996, between the
Company and DNAP
10.2* Assignment of Patents dated January 26, 1996, between the
Company and DNAP
10.3* Sole Patent License Agreement dated as of January 26, 1996,
between the Company and DNAP
10.4* Non-Exclusive Patent License Agreement dated as of
January 26, 1996, between the Company and DNAP
10.5** Promissory Note made January 25, 1999, by DNAP in favor of
the Company
10.6 Governance Agreement dated as of September 26, 1996, between
Savia and the Company (filed as an exhibit to the Company's
current report on Form 8-K dated September 26, 1996 and
incorporated herein by reference)
10.7** Long-Term Funded Research Agreement dated as of January 1,
1997, between Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc. and DNAP.
10.8** Amendment to Governance Agreement dated as of January 14,
1999, between Savia and the Company.
10.9 DNAP Holding Corporation 1998 Long-Term Incentive Plan
(filed as an exhibit to the Company's proxy statement for
the annual meeting of stockholders held on May 28, 1998 and
incorporated herein by reference).
10.10*** Purchase Agreement dated as of December 28, 2000 by and
among BHC, Savia, S.A. de C.V. and Bionova
International, Inc.
10.11*** Cash Support Agreement dated as of December 28, 2000 by and
between BHC and Savia, S.A. de C.V.
10.12*** Funding Agreement dated as of April 12, 2000 by and between
BHC and Savia, S.A. de C.V.
21.1 Subsidiaries
23.1 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
* Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-4
(No. 333-09975) and incorporated herein by reference.
** Filed as an exhibit to the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 1998 and incorporated herein by reference.
*** Filed as an exhibit to the Company's current report of Form 8-K filed on
January 12, 2001 and incorporated herein by reference.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
None
75
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, Bionova Holding Corporation has duly caused this Annual
Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
BIONOVA HOLDING CORPORATION
Date: April 9, 2002
By: /s/ BERNARDO JIMENEZ
-----------------------------------------
Bernardo Jimenez,
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
Annual Report has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on
the dates indicated.
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
--------- ----- ----
Chief Executive Officer and
/s/ BERNARDO JIMENEZ Chairman of the Board
------------------------------------------- (Principal Executive April 9, 2002
Bernardo Jimenez Officer)
/s/ GABRIEL MONTEMAYOR Chief Financial Officer
------------------------------------------- (Principal Financial and April 9, 2002
Gabriel Montemayor Accounting Officer)
/s/ EVELYN BEREZIN
------------------------------------------- Director April 9, 2002
Evelyn Berezin
/s/ PETER DAVIS
------------------------------------------- Director April 9, 2002
Peter Davis
/s/ GERALD LAUBACH
------------------------------------------- Director April 9, 2002
Gerald Laubach
/s/ ELI SHLIFER
------------------------------------------- Director April 9, 2002
Eli Shlifer
76
Schedule II: Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves
For the three years ended December 31, 2001
Thousands of U.S. Dollars
ACCOUNTS ADVANCES TO OTHER
RECEIVABLE GROWERS INVENTORIES ASSETS
----------------- ------------- ------------- -----------------
ALLOWANCE FOR
DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS ALLOWANCE FOR ALLOWANCE FOR
AND SALES DOUBTFUL SLOW MOVING ALLOWANCE FOR
RETURNS ACCOUNTS INVENTORY DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS
----------------- ------------- ------------- -----------------
Balance at December 31, 1998......... 1,158 2,475 140
Provision.......................... 861 1,163 2,572
Write-off.......................... (63) (34)
Transfer of allowance.............. 1,617 (1,617)
------ ------ ------ -----
Balance at December 31, 1999......... 3,573 858 1,269 2,572
Provision.......................... 301 5,021
Write-off.......................... (1,047) (770)
------ ------ ------ -----
Balance at December 31, 2000......... 3,874 5,879 222 1,802
Provision.......................... 44 16 1,849
Write-off.......................... (1,066) (50)
Recovery........................... (993)
------ ------ ------ -----
Balance at December 31, 2001......... 2,852 4,886 188 3,651
====== ====== ====== =====
77
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION
- --------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------
3.1* Certificate of Incorporation of the Company
3.2 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation
of the Company effective September 26, 1996 (filed as an
exhibit to the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for
the quarterly period ended June 30, 1996 and incorporated
herein by reference)
3.3 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation
of the Company effective April 28, 1999 (filed as an exhibit
to the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended March 31, 1999 and incorporated
herein by reference)
3.4** Bylaws of the Company
4.1*** Certificate of Designations for Series A Convertible
Preferred Stock
10.1* Loan Agreement dated as of January 26, 1996, between the
Company and DNAP
10.2* Assignment of Patents dated January 26, 1996, between the
Company and DNAP
10.3* Sole Patent License Agreement dated as of January 26, 1996,
between the Company and DNAP
10.4* Non-Exclusive Patent License Agreement dated as of January
26, 1996, between the Company and DNAP
10.5** Promissory Note made January 25, 1999, by DNAP in favor of
the Company
10.6 Governance Agreement dated as of September 26, 1996, between
Savia and the Company (filed as an exhibit to the Company's
current report on Form 8-K dated September 26, 1996 and
incorporated herein by reference)
10.7** Long-Term Funded Research Agreement dated as of January 1,
1997, between Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc. and DNAP.
10.8** Amendment to Governance Agreement dated as of January 14,
1999, between Savia and the Company.
10.9 DNAP Holding Corporation 1998 Long-Term Incentive Plan
(filed as an exhibit to the Company's proxy statement for
the annual meeting of stockholders held on May 28, 1998 and
incorporated herein by reference).
10.10*** Purchase Agreement dated as of December 28, 2000 by and
among BHC, Savia, S.A. de C.V. and Bionova International,
Inc.
10.11*** Cash Support Agreement dated as of December 28, 2000 by and
between BHC and Savia, S.A. de C.V.
10.12*** Funding Agreement dated as of April 12, 2000 by and between
BHC and Savia, S.A. de C.V.
21.1 Subsidiaries
23.1 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
- ------------------------
* Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-4
(No. 333-09975) and incorporated herein by reference.
** Filed as an exhibit to the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 1998 and incorporated herein by reference.
*** Filed as an exhibit to the Company's current report of Form 8-K filed on
January 12, 2001 and incorporated herein by reference.
78