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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
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/X/ Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the Fiscal Year Ended DECEMBER 31, 2000
/ / Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the Transition Period From ______________ to ______________
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 000-1084561
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RSTAR CORPORATION
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE 91-1836242
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
of Incorporation or Organization) Identification No.)
3000 EXECUTIVE PARKWAY, SUITE 150
SAN RAMON, CALIFORNIA 94583
(925) 543-0300
(Address of principal executive office, including ZIP Code, and telephone
number)
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: NONE
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
COMMON STOCK, $.01 PAR VALUE
(Title of Class)
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes /X/ No / /
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. / /
As of April 2, 2001, there were 43,990,198 shares of the Registrant's common
stock outstanding and the aggregate market value of such shares held by
non-affiliates of the Registrant, based upon the closing sale price of such
shares on the Nasdaq National Market on April 2, 2001, was approximately
$9,894,355. Shares of common stock held by each executive officer and director
and by each entity that owns 5% or more of the outstanding common stock have
been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This
determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination
for other purposes.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
None
The Exhibit Index is located on page 45.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I...................................................... 3
Item 1. Business........................................ 3
Item 2. Properties...................................... 12
Item 3. Legal Proceedings............................... 12
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security
Holders................................................ 12
PART II..................................................... 13
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Stock and Related
Stockholder Matters.................................... 13
Item 6. Selected Financial Data......................... 13
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations... 15
Item 7a. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about
Market Risk............................................ 31
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data..... 31
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on
Accounting and Financial Disclosure............. 31
PART III.................................................... 32
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the
Registrant............................................. 32
Item 11 Executive Compensation.......................... 34
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners
and Management......................................... 40
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related
Transactions........................................... 41
PART IV..................................................... 43
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statements, Schedules and
Reports on Form 8-K.................................... 43
INDEX TO EXHIBITS........................................... 45
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
CERTAIN MATTERS DISCUSSED IN THIS ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K MAY CONSTITUTE
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS UNDER SECTION 27A OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS
AMENDED (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), AND SECTION 21E OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
OF 1934, AS AMENDED (THE "EXCHANGE ACT"). THESE STATEMENTS MAY INVOLVE RISKS AND
UNCERTAINTIES. THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS RELATE TO, AMONG OTHER THINGS:
(I) OUR STRATEGY TO BECOME A LEADING PROVIDER OF SATELLITE-BASED NETWORK
SERVICES TO SPECIFIC INDUSTRIES; (II) OUR EXPECTATION TO GENERATE REVENUES BY
CHARGING END USERS FOR INTERNET ACCESS AND OTHER SERVICES, AND BY CHARGING
SUPPLIERS FOR THE DEDICATED CONNECTION, E-COMMERCE SERVICES AND ADVERTISING
ACCESS TO THEIR CUSTOMERS; (III) OUR BELIEF THAT OUR AVAILABLE CASH RESOURCES
AND AMOUNTS AVAILABLE UNDER FINANCING FACILITIES WILL BE SUFFICIENT TO MEET OUR
EXPECTED WORKING CAPITAL AND CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE NEXT TWELVE MONTHS
BASED ON OUR CURRENT BUSINESS PLAN; (IV) OUR EXPECTATION TO DISPOSE OF OUR
EDUCATION NETWORK THROUGH A BULK SALE OF THE ASSETS AND OPERATIONS, AND (V) OUR
BELIEF THAT CONTINUED INVESTMENT IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT WILL CONTRIBUTE TO
ATTAINING OUR STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES, INCLUDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW BUSINESS
MARKETS AND, AS A RESULT, WE EXPECT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES TO
INCREASE IN FUTURE PERIODS. OUR ACTUAL RESULTS, PERFORMANCE, OR ACHIEVEMENTS MAY
DIFFER SIGNIFICANTLY FROM THE RESULTS, PERFORMANCE, OR ACHIEVEMENTS EXPRESSED OR
IMPLIED IN SUCH FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. FOR A DISCUSSION OF THE FACTORS THAT
MIGHT CAUSE SUCH A DIFFERENCE, SEE "ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS--FACTORS AFFECTING OUR
BUSINESS, OPERATING RESULTS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION." WE UNDERTAKE NO OBLIGATION
TO PUBLICLY UPDATE OR REVISE ANY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS WHETHER AS A RESULT
OF NEW INFORMATION, FUTURE EVENTS OR OTHERWISE.
GENERAL
We develop, implement and manage industry-specific private networks for
businesses to communicate with their vendors and customers via bi-directional
satellite-delivered Internet connections. Our core services and products include
remote high-speed Internet access, delivery of data and high-quality video, and
networking services which can allow businesses to provide e-business services,
such as merchant payment, in-store audio and video, employee benefits
administration, employee training, and related services to their vendors and
customers. Our solution utilizes "always on" satellite technology which delivers
technology tools and applications to small and medium-sized business entities.
We customize our managed browser technology ("rVista-TM-") for each network to
allow Internet access, in an industry-specific managed desktop environment, for
conducting business transactions, viewing web-based content and training, and
providing e-business services. We expect to generate revenues by charging end
users for Internet access and other services, and by charging suppliers for the
dedicated connection, e-commerce services and advertising access to their
customers.
OUR DISCONTINUED EDUCATION BUSINESS
In October 2000, we announced that we were shifting all of our business
focus and resources to pursue our current business, which business we initiated
in July 2000. Prior to that announcement, from September 1997 through
October 2000, our principal focus was building an advertiser-supported network
serving the education market. We began offering sponsorships through our
proprietary network in December 1998, and we subsequently built one of the
largest broadband networks dedicated to education in the United States.
Our network was primarily designed to provide students aged 13 to 19 a
rich-media computer experience that was free to schools and easy to use. Our
principal products and services for the discontinued education business
consisted of web-based education resources, learning tools and services. We
provided each participating school with from 5 to 15 high-end, multimedia PCs
with 17-inch
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monitors, a satellite-ready computer server, a laser printer, and
satellite-based broadband access to the Internet. In addition, we offered a
proprietary, easy-to-use browser interface that provided access to the Internet,
over 13,000 pre-selected and indexed third-party educational web sites, special
search tools, and other aggregated content and services. Our funding for the
development, installation and maintenance of the educational network was
provided primarily by corporate sponsorships. Four sponsors of our discontinued
education business--Inacom, Toshiba, Gilat and Sylvan--accounted for
approximately 68% of our revenue for the 12 months ended December 31, 2000, with
Inacom, Toshiba and Gilat each accounting for more than 10% of our revenue
during that period. Sales of our indirect wholly-owned subsidiary,
eFundraising.com Corporation ("eFundraising"), which provides fundraising tools
to schools and other organizations, accounted for approximately 12% of our
revenue for the 12 months ended December 31, 2000 and is part of our
discontinued business.
We faced competition in the education market for our products and services
from a number of companies that provide services and functionality similar to
what we provided. For example, several companies such as American Online,
Helius, Inc., Family Education Network, bigchalk.com and Lightspan provide both
Internet access as well as their own content. Channel One operates an
advertising-supported educational television service for secondary school
students.
Since commencement of operations, our advertising-based revenue model was
targeted by federal and state legislative initiatives supported by persons
seeking to minimize advertising in schools. In October 2000, as a result of
these initiatives, the negative publicity generated by persons opposed to
advertising and gathering demographic information in schools, increasing
expenses associated with the maintenance and servicing of our school network,
and our uncertainty regarding future sponsorship revenues, we decided that we
would no longer deliver paid commercial messages directed at students, would end
the advertising-supported business model and would discontinue the installation
of free computer labs in schools. The subscription contracts with school
districts under which our network products were provided granted us the right,
without penalty and upon notice to the participating school districts, to cease
providing services and to recover our computer hardware.
Our education network business, including eFundraising, which comprised a
significant portion of our assets and a great majority of our expenses, and
generated 100% of our revenues, is reflected in the accompanying financial
statements as discontinued. Unless otherwise noted, all references to customers
and clients relate to our current business operations and not the discontinued
education business.
We were founded in June 1997 and until March 19, 2001, operated under the
name ZapMe! Corporation. On March 19, 2001 we changed our name to rStar
Corporation ("rStar"). As of January 11, 2001, pursuant to a Tender Offer
Agreement dated October 3, 2000, Gilat Satellite Networks, Ltd. ("Gilat"),
previously the holder of less than 5% of our outstanding common stock, acquired
51% of our outstanding common stock.
We are a Delaware corporation. Our principal offices are located at 3000
Executive Parkway, Suite 150, San Ramon, California 94583, and our telephone
number is (925) 543-0300. Our website address is: www.rstar.com.
MARKET OPPORTUNITY
SATELLITE MULTICASTING OF BROADBAND CONTENT. We recognize a growing benefit
to organizations in publishing and delivering information--including data,
audio, video, and other rich-media content--to communities of users in
geographically dispersed locations at high speeds and relatively low cost.
Businesses can use bi-directional satellite-based networks to multicast to
network locations, including areas not currently served by Internet service
providers offering broadband connectivity, so that all target users can access
the most recently updated information at any time. With this technology, network
participants can, from a central location, deliver remote training, education,
and rich-media
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advertising materials, display targeted video and graphics material, deliver
live video links to remote sites, and high-speed, high-bandwidth access to the
Internet. Companies can utilize multicasting to lower their communication costs,
while improving their productivity and operational efficiencies.
INCREASING VALUE OF DEFINED DEMOGRAPHIC AUDIENCE. The Internet enables
corporate sponsors to use demographics in delivering their messages to specific
groups, as well as to change their messages frequently in response to market
factors, current events and customer feedback. Previous Internet sponsorship
efforts were directed primarily at a broad audience by placing corporate
messages on the most frequently visited web sites. As the Internet has matured,
businesses have sought to improve the effectiveness of their corporate
sponsorship by directing their messages toward the Internet users they most want
to reach. By focusing corporate sponsorship efforts on the most relevant users,
Internet-based corporate sponsors seek to improve their brand awareness and
response rates and reduce costs by eliminating spending that is not directed at
their intended audience.
THE RSTAR SOLUTION
In addition to providing high-speed Internet access, our network design
allows us to remotely download and store full-motion video, other rich-media
files, system upgrades and other data directly, quickly and efficiently onto
local user servers, where they can be accessed immediately and without the
delays typically associated with downloading large media and application files.
The multicasting capabilities of satellite technology enable us to
simultaneously deliver these types of files to numerous locations. As a result,
our cost of delivery is relatively low even though the speed at which these
files can be transmitted is very high. Because these files are accessed locally,
and not over the Internet, we can also avoid delays associated with delivering
media files using streaming network architectures.
Our network management services for bi-directional satellite-based
communication and our proprietary rVista managed browser technology allow us to
deliver custom-designed Internet media networking solutions for conducting
business transactions or viewing web-based content and training. We believe our
services and products will have great appeal to potential subscribers and
sponsors because they combine the following attributes: "always on," rich-media,
full-screen, full-motion, interactive display that can be used to create more
entertaining, engaging and educationally beneficial messages; delivery of
targeted messages that meet the individual preferences of business enterprises
and community user groups; ability to engage users, conduct online surveys, test
product trials, provide product feedback, and support product launches; and
availability in areas not served by broadband Internet connectivity.
WHAT WE OFFER TO BUSINESS USERS. We intend to offer a turnkey technology
solution for business enterprises and community user groups by providing
cost-effective solutions to communications challenges. Specifically, we intend
to offer:
- Broadband Internet access;
- Training on demand;
- Up-to-the-minute product releases and information;
- Rich-media advertising and the ability to target ads;
- Authorization for credit card transactions;
- Online procurement;
- E-mail and corporate messaging;
- TV and music entertainment;
- Point of sale polling and reporting;
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- Management of communication between multiple offices and locations; and
- Remotely-managed software application upgrades.
WHAT WE OFFER TO SPONSORS. We believe that we offer an appealing
opportunity for sponsors because we can provide the following:
- ACCESS TO SPECIFIC BUSINESS INDUSTRY GROUPS. Many customers, vendors and
suppliers of industries have found it difficult to build a 100% broadband
network since all participants may not have broadband access to the
Internet. Our broadband bi-directional multicasting capability provides a
means for manufacturers, suppliers, and other sponsors to reach network
locations nearly anywhere in North America.
- DYNAMIC BILLBOARD. Our dynamic billboard is a fixed space on the PC screen
that displays sponsorship messages. Our dynamic billboard is larger than
typical banner ads and is always on the left-hand side of the PC screen,
regardless of which applications are used or where a user navigates. The
dynamic billboard displays new sponsorship messages periodically, for
example, every 15 seconds. Our solution is designed to allow users to
click on the dynamic billboard and view the sponsor's message on a
full-screen, rich-media interactive display, with full motion video and
high quality audio.
OUR STRATEGY
Our goal is to become a leading provider of industry-specific networks for
businesses to communicate with their vendors and customers via bi-directional
satellite-delivered Internet connections. We intend to aggregate business
applications, such as merchant payment services, in-store audio and video, and
customized applications by vendors to the industry and bundle these services
with dedicated connections, using a satellite-based network, to subscribers,
vendors and other application service providers. We plan to build and operate
networks for small and medium-sized business enterprises, across a diverse range
of industries. Key elements of our strategy are as follows:
ACTIVELY DEPLOY OUR NETWORKS AND GROW OUR INSTALLED BASE OF SITES. We
intend to capitalize on our early market entrance to deploy our networks and
grow our installed base of sites for each industry-specific network. As
installation on this scale requires significant skill and resources, we believe
our experience to date provides us a time-to-market advantage over potential
competitors.
PROMOTE REPEAT USAGE AND LOYALTY OF USERS. We believe that
broadband-delivered rich-media networks have an inherent potential for creating
loyal revenue-generating subscribers, particularly when combined with relevant
business applications critical to the success of day-to-day business operations.
As users invest time and energy in rStar-powered services, they may become less
inclined to switch to alternative services. We intend to promote repeat usage
and user loyalty by maintaining and improving our range of services, expanding
the breadth and depth of our product offerings and remaining responsive to user
trends and suggestions.
INCREASE FUNDING FROM SPONSORS. We believe that our private networks will
provide sponsors with an attractive means of offering their products and
services to well-targeted businesses. We intend to develop innovative
sponsorship relationships with leading brand marketers that support broad
marketing objectives, including brand promotion, awareness, product
introductions and ASP-delivered software. We expect many of these sponsorship
arrangements will involve longer-term contracts and higher dollar values than
typical banner advertising deals. We also intend to offer traditional banner
advertising options for sponsors.
BUILD STRONG BRAND RECOGNITION. We believe that establishing and leveraging
the rStar brand is important to our success. We intend to increase our brand
equity through the rapid deployment of each
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network. We believe that the attractive features, content and functionality of
each network will strengthen our brand and attract new users as well as
partners.
PURSUE STRATEGIC ALLIANCES. We plan to increase usage of the networks and
grow our revenues through strategic alliances that offer opportunities to
improve our technology, gain access to compelling content, add new features and
functionality or generate sponsorship or e-commerce revenues. We also intend to
form alliances with other companies to leverage their brands, while
incorporating content that is consistent with our mission. We may also expand
our revenue opportunities through alliances with technology providers, online
service and content providers, commerce providers and advertisers.
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
We are dedicated to providing a complete satellite-based solution for our
customers. Equipment, installation, software customization, content uploading
and downloading, and service support are all included in our solution. These
components of our solution are designed specifically for customers who have a
critical need to deliver identical "rich" content to a large number of
geographically separate locations at a cost-effective rate. Key elements of our
approach are:
INTERNET SERVICES. Our Internet services are immediately deployable and
scalable. We will be able to provide instant wireless, high-speed access to the
Internet, including on-demand delivery of multimedia audio, video and data using
our proprietary technology. We are developing private networks that include
essential features such as e-mail, message boards, personal planners, calendars
and client-targeted databases. Our networks will be centrally managed, with
real-time, in-depth monitoring, security and filtering capabilities.
MULTICAST SERVICES. We employ satellite multicasting software to multicast
content. As a result, our network of users will receive interactive,
high-bandwidth, rich-media transmissions, ranging from full-motion,
television-quality video to complex imaging.
MEDIA SERVICES. Our Media Group offers a package of creative services which
leverage the broadband capabilities offered by bi-directional satellite
technology. Our creative team has the specialized skills and expertise necessary
to produce compelling content for broadband networks, from web design and
interactive media, to video production.
OPERATIONS SERVICES. Our operations team provides support for our network
clients, from the point of contract signing through procurement, installation,
customer support and technical support. Our operations team manages all stages
of the installation process, including new installations, upgrades, site
relocations, changes, removals and redeployment of systems.
CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT (CRM) SERVICES. After a contract is
signed, our CRM group provides technical support for the installed bases, as
well as beta testing and pilot launch. Our CRM group also conducts ongoing
customer quality analysis at critical points in the life cycle of our customer
relationships
NETWORK SERVICES. Our networks are centrally managed and web-based, and
will come complete with real-time, in-depth monitoring, security and filtering
capabilities.
HARDWARE. We can provide a customized hardware package designed to meet a
customer's networking needs. From a single client station to a 30-client
computer network, we provide the high performance tools and hardware necessary
to connect the client to a network.
MANAGED DESKTOP INTERFACE (RVISTA). Our proprietary browser
technology--rVista--is fully customizable, which allows a business to operate
its own branded network, multicasting to thousands of locations. The rVista
platform allows our customers to conduct profile-driven demographic targeting,
as
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well as offer complete e-procurement, e-commerce and advertising capabilities.
Our proprietary browser also assists business users when they navigate through
their extranet, launch web pages or search the Internet. The managed desktop
allows a customer to improve productivity and save time by accessing all
applications and tools from a convenient, stationary location rather than having
to minimize windows, search directories, or fumble through lists of programs.
The rVista interface is more than just a window to the Internet; it combines
four tools in one:
- BROWSER--Allows a customer to navigate through its extranet, launch web
pages or search the Internet using our proprietary technology.
- APPLICATION INTEGRATOR--Allows a customer easy access to software
applications and business programs that are integrated into the managed
desktop interface. With our bi-directional satellite connectivity and
multicasting capabilities, the customer's applications can receive
software upgrades as they become available.
- COMMUNICATION TOOL--Allows a customer to access email and post
company-wide messages.
- PORTAL--Provides customers a portal to their business's preferred sites
and destinations, and allows instant access and navigation through
important industry-specific sites and information.
SUPPORT. We intend to offer an end-to-end solution committed to complete
customer satisfaction. Our support platform can deliver:
- REMOTE NETWORK MANAGEMENT;
- PERFORMANCE MONITORING AND REPORTING;
- SOFTWARE APPLICATION AND HARDWARE UPGRADES;
- IT SUPPORT; AND
- 24-HOUR SINGLE POINT OF CONTACT CUSTOMER SERVICE.
SALES AND MARKETING
As of March 31, 2001, we had a direct sales organization consisting of 9
sales professionals with an average of 9 years of experience per person. We
intend to hire additional qualified sales professionals to meet the demands of
the marketplace.
We intend to employ a variety of methods to promote our brands and to
increase network usage by users, including technology incentive and product
information training programs co-branded with partners. In addition, we intend
to engage in an ongoing public relations campaign. As of March 31, 2001, our
marketing department consisted of 5 professionals, and worked in conjunction
with our creative services department, which consisted of 8 professionals.
PRINCIPAL MARKETS AND CUSTOMERS
We are initially focusing our efforts and resources on generating revenue
from the following markets:
AUTOMOTIVE. We are building an automotive collision network that is
designed to streamline workflow between collision shops, distributors,
suppliers, manufacturers and insurers by delivering industry information,
computer-based training, application data and software to these participants
directly on their desktop PC. The intended result will be reduced cycle time,
improved communication, increased productivity, revenue gains and higher
customer satisfaction. A pilot network is operating and has been deployed in
four cities. We anticipate deploying this network for subscribing participants
in the third quarter of 2001.
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AGRICULTURE. We are developing a prototype network for agri-businesses
across America. Our platform will offer an all-in-one bundle of broadband
connectivity, electronic media and services designed for rural retailers and
agricultural business owners. For a monthly subscription fee, we anticipate
providing a package of services that includes Internet connectivity through
bi-directional satellite service, a PC or web appliance, up-to-date agriculture
management software programs, productivity tools, and agriculture-tailored
content that will include live feeds of data, including weather reports and
market quotes. Agriculturally oriented media-rich training/product updates and
remote maintenance of the system will also be offered.
Given our recent shift in focus to build and manage private networks for
specific commercial industries, we do not yet have significant
revenue-generating customers.
INFRASTRUCTURE AND TECHNOLOGY
Our satellite delivery system permits us to simultaneously multicast data,
including full-motion video files, from our network operations center to each
site in our networks. We believe that this is an efficient way of distributing
files over a remote network in a business environment.
Our infrastructure is scalable, allowing management to quickly adjust to the
marketplace and customers' needs. We license commercially available technology
whenever possible in lieu of dedicating our financial and human resources to
developing technology solutions. We license the operating system for our
proprietary web browser, from Microsoft under an agreement with no expiration
date. In order to serve sponsor messages, we purchased a perpetual license for
AdServer technology from NetGravity.
Gilat, a leading provider of telecommunications solutions based on very
small aperture terminal ("VSAT") satellite technology, supplies our satellite
uplink equipment and satellite transmit and receiver cards for customer
installation. Gilat's wholly owned subsidiary, Spacenet Inc. ("Spacenet")
provides us with our satellite space segment services.
Our public web site, user registration database, and system backup functions
are hosted at Exodus Communication, Inc. in Santa Clara, California using both
NT and Unix systems. Exodus Communication, Inc. is manned 24 hours per day,
seven days per week by systems administrators and network managers to ensure the
highest level of support. Critical data from the servers is archived on a daily
basis.
COMPETITION
The market for our products and services is new and rapidly evolving, and we
expect competition in and around our market to intensify in the future. We are
not aware of any competitor that currently offers or is planning to offer
industry-specific private networks for different businesses in an industry via
bi-directional satellite-delivered Internet connections. However, we face
competition from a number of companies which provide products and services
similar to portions of our products and services to a similar base of users, or
both. For example, Hughes Electronics currently offers one-way satellite-based
broadband Internet access to businesses, and it has an alliance with America
Online to promote America Online's broadband services and content.
We therefore believe that our greatest potential competitive threat is posed
not by a single company, but a combination of one or more companies which each
addresses different parts of our current business model. Many of our competitors
have significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and distribution
resources than currently possessed by us. Our competitors may engage in more
extensive research and development, adopt more aggressive pricing policies and
make more attractive offers to our potential subscribers, partners, sponsors and
e-commerce merchants. Our competitors may develop services that are equal or
superior to those currently offered by us or which achieve greater market
acceptance. In addition, current and potential competitors have established or
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may establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties
to better address the needs of industries for which we intend to develop private
satellite-based networks. As a result, it is possible that new competitors may
emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share, reduce our potential
revenues, and otherwise harm our business. We believe that our success in
competing with other potential competitors or imitators will depend on various
factors, many of which are outside our control. These factors include:
- the quality of our network content;
- the ease of use of our user interface;
- the timing and market acceptance of new and enhanced services and
features; and
- the sales and marketing efforts by us and our competitors.
We believe that with respect to each of these factors, we compare favorably
to other companies addressing the private broadband network market. Our
discontinued education business provided us with significant experience building
and managing a nationwide bi-directional satellite-based network. Additionally,
our strategic alliances with Gilat and Spacenet afford us access to the only
market-ready bi-directional satellite Internet platform. Finally, we can
customize our proprietary rVista technology for a specific industry to quickly
integrate many applications that meet that industry's needs.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
We seek to protect our intellectual property under relevant U.S. and
international law regarding copyright, patents, trademarks and trade secrets as
well as through confidentiality agreements with employees, consultants,
contractors and business partners. We currently have eighteen patent
applications on file with the United States Patent and Trademark Office and we
are in the process of preparing additional applications. The proprietary
technologies for which we are pursuing patents include those allowing us to:
- establish a multiple browser client architecture that allows a user to
keep track of and move between opened windows more effectively by
providing a window management system designed specifically for Internet
use;
- customize the browser based on the industry or community user group
licensing the browser technology;
- transmit sponsor messages, advertising and other content via satellite to
local enterprises or community user groups for distribution to other users
of the network;
- gather geographical data on network users for automatic tailoring of
content and advertising;
- simultaneously monitor system usage across multiple computers for
diagnostic purposes;
- manage e-mail and other communications remotely;
- multicast and locally cache relevant information requested by a group of
users of our satellite network;
- correlate user's preferences and access privileges with a user name so
that the user's experience is consistent regardless of what computer her
or she users;
- identify web sites viewed by user groups on a given computer network; and
- award and dynamically adjust incentive points based on time users spend
viewing content.
In addition, we have applied to register "rStar," the rStar Networks logo,
and other trademarks in the United States. We have given copyright and trademark
notices on our web sites and private
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networks, and many other copyrightable or trademarked materials by affixing a
standard copyright and/or trademark notice in the appropriate places. We have
taken further steps to protect our trademarks by developing trademark brand
guidelines which are included in certain agreements with business partners who
are licensed to display the "rStar Networks" brands. We control access to our
trade secrets and proprietary information by entering into confidentiality
agreements with our employees, consultants, contractors and actual and potential
business partners. We currently own several Internet domain names based upon our
"rStar Networks" brands and services, including "rstar.com," from which we
conduct our corporate web site.
EMPLOYEES
As of March 31, 2001, we had 139 full and part-time employees; 73 persons
performed services directly for rStar Corporation, including approximately 40
employees who performed services primarily for the discontinued education
business operations, and 66 persons who performed services primarily for
eFundraising. Our employees are not represented by a labor union or subject to a
collective bargaining agreement. We have never experienced a work stoppage and
we believe that our employee relations are good. We believe that our future
success will depend in part on the ability to attract, hire and retain qualified
personnel to service our current market. Competition for such personnel remains
intense, and we cannot guarantee that we will be able to identify, attract and
retain such personnel in the future.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
RStar's executive officers, who are appointed by and serve at the discretion
of the Board of Directors, and their ages as of March 31, 2001, are as follows:
NAME AGE POSITION
- ------------------------------------------ -------- ------------------------------------------
Lance Mortensen........................... 48 Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive
Officer and President
Robert Edwards............................ 49 Senior Vice President, Administration and
Chief Financial Officer
Christophe Morin.......................... 40 Vice President, Marketing
Jay Scott................................. 52 Chief Operating Officer
David Wallace............................. 37 General Counsel, Vice President and
Secretary
MR. MORTENSEN is a founder of rStar Corporation and was Chairman of the
Board from our inception until October 2000. Mr. Mortensen was renamed Chairman
in January 2001. Mr. Mortensen began the planning and preliminary organization
of rStar in 1996, and incorporated us in June 1997. Prior to founding rStar,
Mr. Mortensen was Chief Executive Officer of Monterey Pasta Company, a food
service company, from January 1993 to October 1995. From 1981 to 1992 he was
President of Morweg Construction Company, a California residential construction
company. Mr. Mortensen also serves on the Board of Advisors of the San Francisco
State University College of Business.
MR. EDWARDS joined rStar in March 2000 as Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer. Mr. Edwards previously served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
of A Sport, Inc., a diversified sporting goods manufacturer, where he was
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer from 1994 to 1999. Prior to A Sport, Inc.,
Mr. Edwards served as Senior Vice President, Corporate Development and Planning
at K2 Inc., a leading branded consumer products manufacturer, from 1986 to 1994.
He also served as Vice President, Finance & Administration for Thorn EMI Screen
Entertainment from 1985 to 1986. Mr. Edwards received an MBA in finance from The
Anderson School of Management at UCLA and his undergraduate degrees from Tufts
University.
11
MR. MORIN joined rStar in May 2000 as Vice President of Marketing.
Mr. Morin has over 15 years of marketing expertise. Prior to joining us, from
December 1997 through May 2000, he served as Vice President of Marketing and
Corporate Training for Canned Foods Inc., a world leading brand in the extreme
value retailing segment. In 1995 Mr. Morin created his own executive consulting
company, The Leadership Network. As President and co-founder, he served as
Senior Consultant to many leading Bay Area firms, specializing in strategic
research, cut-through marketing diagnostics, executive coaching and scenario
planning. Mr. Morin graduated from ESC Nantes with a BA in Marketing, and went
on to receive an MBA from Bowling Green State University.
MR. SCOTT joined rStar in March 2000 as Executive Vice President, applying
his 15-plus years of leadership experience to the daily managerial
responsibilities at our wholly-owned subsidiary, rStar Broadband Networks, Inc.
He became COO of rStar in January 2001. From 1989 to 2000, Mr. Scott lead an
800-person sales support center while serving as Vice President of various
departments at CompuCom Systems, Inc. Mr. Scott attended the University of
Maryland with a Business Administration focus.
MR. WALLACE joined rStar in November 1999. As General Counsel, Mr. Wallace
is responsible for directing our in-house legal activities and for managing our
outside counsel. Prior to joining us, Mr. Wallace was a partner at Shapiro
Buchman Provine & Patton LLP, a law firm in Walnut Creek, California where, from
1992 to 1999, Mr. Wallace represented technology and real property
entrepreneurs. Mr. Wallace was admitted to the California State Bar in
December 1988. He received his law degree from Hastings College of the Law and
his undergraduate degree from the University of San Francisco.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
We lease our home office in San Ramon, California, which as of March 31,
2001 consisted of approximately 32,200 square feet of office space under a lease
and a sublease. The San Ramon lease and sublease expire in August 2002 and
October 2001, respectively. An additional approximately 5,400 square feet of
office space is leased in San Jose, California, which lease will expire in
September 2002. Our eFundraising subsidiary leases approximately 11,700 square
feet of office space in Montreal, Quebec pursuant to a lease that expires in
2003. We believe we will have adequate space for the 2001 fiscal year and
beyond.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are not a party to any legal proceedings that we believe could have a
material adverse effect on our operating results and financial position.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth
quarter of fiscal year 2000.
12
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK AND DIVIDEND POLICY
Our common stock is traded publicly on the Nasdaq National Market under the
symbol "RSTR". Our common stock has been publicly traded since October 20, 1999,
and prior to March 21, 2001 traded under our original symbol--"IZAP". Our
initial public offering price was $11.00 per share. Prior to our initial public
offering, there was no established public trading market for the common stock.
The following table shows the high and low common stock prices by quarter
from the Nasdaq National Market of the common stock for the periods indicated.
Such quotations represent inter-dealer prices without retail markup, markdown or
commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.
2000 1999
------------------- -------------------
HIGH LOW HIGH LOW
-------- -------- -------- --------
First Quarter...................................... $11.625 $5.8750 N/A N/A
Second Quarter..................................... $8.0000 $1.8125 N/A N/A
Third Quarter...................................... $4.1875 $1.5625 N/A N/A
Fourth Quarter..................................... $2.5000 $0.4688 $13.75 $5.31
As of April 2, 2001, there were 43,990,198 shares issued and outstanding
held by approximately 142 stockholders of record and approximately 4,500
beneficial owners of shares held by brokers and fiduciaries.
RStar has never paid cash dividends on our common stock. We expect to retain
our future earnings, if any, for use in the operation and expansion of our
business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable
future.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The selected consolidated financial data presented below is derived from our
consolidated financial statements, which statements are included elsewhere in
this document. The selected consolidated financial data set forth below is
qualified in its entirety by, and should be read in conjunction with,
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results Of
Operations and the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes
thereto included elsewhere in this document.
PERIOD FROM
JUNE 25, 1997
(INCEPTION)
THROUGH
2000 1999 1998 DECEMBER 31, 1997
--------- -------- -------- ------------------
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS:
Net revenues from continuing operations...... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ --
Net revenues from discontinued operations.... $ 14,316 $ 2,542 $ -- --
Income (Loss) from continuing operations..... (6,231) 182 (122) (54)
Income (Loss) from discontinued operations... (104,724) (27,309) (4,909) (527)
Total net loss............................... (110,955) (27,127) (5,031) (581)
Preferred dividends actual, accreted, and
deemed..................................... (213) (17,965) (606) --
13
PERIOD FROM
JUNE 25, 1997
(INCEPTION)
THROUGH
2000 1999 1998 DECEMBER 31, 1997
--------- -------- -------- ------------------
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS (continued):
Net loss applicable to common stockholders... $(111,168) $(45,092) $(5,637) $ (581)
Net income (loss) per share, basic and
diluted continuing operations.............. $ (0.16) $ 0.91 $ (0.06) $(0.05)
Net income (loss) per share, basic and
diluted discontinued operations............ $ (2.40) $ (1.39) $ (0.42) --
Shares used in calculation of net loss per
share, basic and diluted................... 43,348 19,607 11,685 11,620
DECEMBER 31,
2000 1999 1998 1997
-------- -------- -------- --------
BALANCE SHEET:
Cash and equivalents.................................... $48,406 $112,714 $ 815 $275
Restricted Cash......................................... 577 565 -- --
Total Current Assets.................................... 48,981 113,141 820 288
Total Current Liabilities............................... 41,108 23,587 118 399
Total Liabilities....................................... 61,653 36,879 5,726 861
Total Stockholders' equity (deficit).................... 11,575 114,313 (2,123) (512)
Current Ratio........................................... 1.19 4.80 6.95 .72
14
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
We develop, implement and manage industry-specific private networks for
businesses to communicate with their vendors and customers via bi-directional
satellite-delivered Internet connections. Our core services and products include
remote high-speed Internet access, data delivery, high-quality video, and
networking services which can allow businesses to provide e-business services,
such as merchant payment, in-store audio and video, employee benefits
administration, employee training, and related services to their vendors and
customers. Our solution utilizes "always on" satellite technology which delivers
technology tools and applications to small and medium-sized business entities.
We customize our managed browser technology ("rVista") for each network to allow
Internet access, in an industry-specific managed desktop environment, for
conducting business transactions or viewing web-based content and training, and
providing e-business services. We expect to generate revenues by charging end
users for Internet access and other services, and by charging suppliers for the
dedicated connection, e-commerce services and advertising access to their
customers.
In October 2000, we announced that we were shifting all of our business
focus and resources to pursue our current business, which business we initiated
in July 2000. Prior to that announcement, our principal focus was on building an
advertiser-supported network serving the education market. Operations commenced
in September 1997 and we began offering sponsorships through our proprietary
network in December 1998. Over the next two years, we built one of the largest
broadband networks dedicated to education in the United States. This network was
designed primarily for students aged 13 - 19 to provide a rich-media computer
experience that was free to schools and easy to use. We provided each school
participating in the network from 5 to 15 multimedia personal computers with
monitors, a satellite-ready server, a laser printer and satellite-based
broadband access to the Internet. In addition, we offered a proprietary,
easy-to-use browser interface providing access to the Internet, over
13,000 pre-selected and indexed third-party educational web sites, educational
tools, and other aggregated content and services.
Since commencement of operations, our advertising-based revenue model for
the educational market was targeted by federal and state legislative initiatives
supported by persons seeking to minimize advertising in schools. In
October 2000, as a result of these initiatives, the negative publicity generated
by persons opposed to advertising and gathering demographic information in
schools, increasing expenses associated with the maintenance and servicing of
our school network, and our uncertainty regarding future sponsorship revenues,
we decided that we would no longer deliver paid commercial messages directed at
students, would end the advertised-supported business model and would
discontinue the installation of free computer labs in schools. These education
business operations, including the operations of our eFundraising subsidiary,
which comprised all of our revenues and a significant portion of our assets and
expenses, are reflected in the accompanying financial statements as
discontinued. We expect to dispose of our education network through a bulk sale
of the assets and operations. Unless otherwise noted, all references to
customers and clients relate to our current business operations and not the
discontinued education business.
In connection with our change in business focus, we have undergone two
significant reductions in force--one in October of 2000 and another in March of
2001. These actions, combined with attrition, have reduced our US headcount
approximately 60% from our peak of 178 employees in September 2000 to
73 employees. Total severance costs associated with these actions equaled
approximately $1.06 million in 2000. Additionally in October 2000, in connection
with our changed business strategy, our then chief executive officer, Rick
Inatome, was made a consultant and our founder and Chairman of the Board, Lance
Mortensen, was named chief executive officer.
15
REVENUE.
To date, we have generated no revenue from our continuing operations.
Revenue from our school business, which comprised 100% of our revenue, is not
recorded because that business has been classified as discontinued. Rather, it
has been applied as a reduction in what would otherwise be a larger loss from
discontinued operations. Results from our discontinued operations are more fully
described in the section labeled "Results of Operations."
We expect to generate revenue from two principal sources--end users of our
industry-specific networks and vendors to that community of users. We believe
that end users will pay a fee for broadband Internet access, industry-specific
content and other bundled products and services while we believe vendors will
pay for the right to occupy a priority position on a network in order to gain
special access to those customers and to provide them an efficient means to
distribute training, new product and other data, and vendors' other services and
products. Revenues from these sources will be recognized as the services are
rendered.
In our discontinued operations we derived revenue from sponsorship of our
education network. Sponsorship revenue consisted of fees charged for messages
delivered over our network. Revenue related to sponsorship of content on our
network was generally recognized over the time periods that the sponsorship was
provided, unless such sponsorship was based on delivery of a minimum number of
impressions, in which case revenue was recognized as the impressions are
delivered. Advertising revenue was recognized in the period in which the
advertisement message was displayed on the network, provided that no material
obligations remained and collection of the related account receivable was
reasonably certain. Network services and other revenue consisted of revenue from
the distribution of content and products which were delivered through our
network, and from educational services delivered in our labs such as teacher
training, tutoring and other educational programs offered on our education
network.
COST OF REVENUES.
Cost of services for our current network business was inconsequential in
2000 and prior periods due to the fact that virtually all such services were
devoted to discontinued operations. These expenses, therefore, are a component
of the loss from discontinued operations. We anticipate that upon maturation of
our continuing operations, cost of services will consist primarily of
depreciation on network equipment, including computers placed at user sites, and
to a lesser degree, the cost of administering our satellite communications
network. The costs associated with this form of telecommunication include
(1) the cost of land-based equipment, or "earth segment," such as the satellite
dishes, hubs, send/receive cards located inside the network servers and
land-based phone service and (2) the cost of the link to and from the satellite,
or "space segment." We expect to provide much of our earth segment to customers
by purchasing or renting satellite dishes, hubs and send/ receive cards for our
network servers. We expect to purchase the space segment from Spacenet, a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Gilat. Our cost of services will vary based on the
number of locations we serve within our networks.
Cost of revenues in our discontinued operations consisted primarily of
depreciation of network equipment and computers placed in schools, allowances
for the cost of equipment replacement not covered by manufacturers' warranties,
and the cost of operating our satellite communications network. We provided much
of our earth segment to schools by purchasing satellite dishes, hubs and send/
receive cards for our network servers. We purchased space segment from GE
Americom, a unit of General Electric Corporation, and from Spacenet, pursuant to
fixed price agreements. Commencing July 1999, Spacenet began to install and
lease computer equipment as well as provide the space segment under a long-term
fixed-price per school contract.
16
OPERATING EXPENSES.
We believe our operating expenses from continuing operations will consist
primarily of sales and marketing, research and development and general and
administrative expenses. Research and development expenses will consist
primarily of compensation and consulting expenses associated with the further
development and refinement of our proprietary managed browser technology, our
satellite network, content and quality assurance. To date, we have not
capitalized any software development costs under Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 86 because we believe that our process for
developing software is essentially completed concurrent with the establishment
of technological feasibility. As a result, all development costs have been
expensed as incurred. Sales and marketing expenses will consist primarily of
salaries, commissions, travel expenses, advertising expenses, costs of
promotional programs, trade show expenses, seminars and costs of marketing
materials. General and administrative expenses will consist primarily of
salaries and related costs for our personnel, support services, facilities costs
and professional service fees.
Our operating expenses in our discontinued operations consisted primarily of
sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative
expenses.
AMORTIZATION OF DEFERRED STOCK COMPENSATION.
In 2000 we recorded $180,000 of amortization of deferred compensation
relating to our continuing operations. Amortization of deferred compensation
relating to personnel operating the discontinued education business in 2000
amounted to $4,977,000 and such expense was included in the loss from
discontinued operations figures in that year. In 1999 and 1998, all amortization
of deferred compensation related to personnel operating the discontinued
education business and totaled $6,056,000 and $1,065,000, respectively. These
expenses are included in the "discontinued operations, net of taxes" line item
in the financial statements. During 2001, we expect to record deferred stock
compensation of $515,000, resulting from stock options granted and shares of
common stock sold to our officers at prices below the deemed fair market value
at the date of grant.
Deferred stock compensation will be amortized over the vesting period of the
options, generally 3 to 4 years from the date of grant, or the performance
period for various warrants we granted using a graded vesting method. All
deferred compensation expense as of December 31, 2000 will be amortized over the
next 24 months. We believe that future amortization expense will approximate
$515,000 and $150,000 for 2001 and 2002, respectively.
INCOME TAXES.
There has been no provision for federal or state income taxes for any period
since inception due to our net operating losses. At December 31, 2000, we had
net operating loss carryforwards for federal income tax purposes of
approximately $83.9 million which will expire beginning in fiscal year 2012 if
not utilized. Utilization of our net operating loss carryforwards may be subject
to a substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations
provided by the Internal Revenue Code and similar state tax code provisions.
Such an annual limitation could result in the expiration of the net operating
loss carryforwards before utilization. Management has established a valuation
allowance and, accordingly, no benefit has been recognized for our net operating
losses and other deferred tax assets. The net valuation allowance increased by
approximately $38.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2000. We believe
that, based on a number of factors, the available objective evidence creates
sufficient uncertainty regarding the realizability of the deferred tax assets
such that a full valuation allowance has been recorded. These factors include
our history of net losses since inception and expected near-term future losses.
We will continue to assess the realizability of the deferred tax assets based on
actual and forecasted operating results.
17
NET LOSS APPLICABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS.
We recorded cash dividends paid to shareholders of Series A preferred shares
in a wholly-owned subsidiary amounting to $213,000 for the year ended
December 31, 2000. We recorded a dividend on our convertible preferred stock of
approximately $7.8 million for the year ended December 31, 1999 and
approximately $606,000 for the 12 months ended December 31, 1998. Additionally,
we recorded in 1999 $10.2 million for the beneficial conversion of our Series E
preferred stock upon its conversion into our common stock. This amount
represented the lesser of (a) the difference between the $5.00 per share
purchase price of our Series E convertible preferred stock and the deemed fair
value based upon an initial public offering of $11.00 per share and (b) the
offering proceeds.
ACQUISITIONS.
We completed two acquisitions during the second quarter of
2000--eFundraising and LearningGate.com, Inc. ("LearningGate"). Each acquisition
was recorded using the purchase method of accounting under Accounting Principles
Boards ("APB") Opinion No. 16. Results of operations for each acquired company
have been included in the loss from discontinued operations as each are part of
the school business we have discontinued.
On May 10, 2000, we completed our acquisition of all of the outstanding
shares of eFundraising, a company that offers fundraising products and services
principally to schools, for total consideration of $7,945,000, comprised of
$1,850,000 in cash and $6,095,000 in preferred stock in a subsidiary.
Additionally, as contingent consideration, we issued Time Accelerated Restricted
Stock Award Plan stock options ("TARSAPS") that, if certain financial and other
milestones are met, entitle the holder to up to approximately 1,040,000 shares
of our common stock. No contingent consideration had been recorded as of
December 31, 2000 as none had yet been earned.
On June 23, 2000, we completed our acquisition of LearningGate, a provider
of web-based educational tools. In connection with the acquisition, we issued
approximately 1 million shares of our common stock in addition to $858,000 cash
to acquire all of the outstanding shares of the corporation. This combination of
cash and securities was then valued at $3,608,000.
Our subsidiaries, eFundraising and LearningGate, were acquired to complement
our school operations and are now treated as part of our discontinued school
business. In connection with our withdrawal from the school business, we
recorded a $9.1 million charge on December 31, 2000 to reflect (a) the
impairment in goodwill associated with eFundraising and LearningGate,
(b) reserves for estimated operating losses while being held for sale and
(c) expected transaction costs. Of that amount, $5.0 million was attributable to
the impairment of goodwill associated with eFundraising, $3.3 million was
attributable to goodwill associated with LearningGate and $800,000 was
associated with estimated future operating losses and transaction costs
connected with the possible sale of eFundraising. Amortization of goodwill for
the year ended December 31, 2000, prior to discontinuance totaled $2,387,000
consisting of $1,703,000 and $684,000 for eFundraising and LearningGate,
respectively. The assets of LearningGate have been fully written off.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Our discontinued education operations are comprised of all the assets,
liabilities not expected to be assumed by a third party, revenues and expenses
associated with our advertiser-supported network serving the education market
and our eFundraising subsidiary that is in the business of selling fundraising
tools to schools and other organizations.
We believe that, due to the majority of our operations being deemed
discontinued, period-to-period comparisons of our operating results are not
meaningful and should not be relied upon as predictive of future performance.
Our prospects must be considered in light of the risk,
18
expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by companies in the early stage
of development, particularly companies in new and rapidly evolving markets. We
may not be successful in addressing such risks and difficulties. (See "Item 7.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations--Factors Affecting Our Business, Operating Results and Financial
Condition." We have an unproven business model and a limited operating
history".)
REVENUES
In 2000 and prior years, there were no revenues from our continuing
operations. All revenues in 2000 and prior years were attributable to our
discontinued education business operations.
Total revenues from discontinued operations for the twelve months ended
December 31, 2000 were $14.3 million versus $2.5 million in 1999. There were no
revenues in 1998. The increase in revenues in 2000 was principally due to the
significantly larger school network deployed in that year versus 1999. Of the
total revenue, $11.2 million and $1.4 million in 2000 and 1999, respectively,
were principally from 5 sponsors--Inacom, Toshiba, Gilat, Dell and
Sylvan--affiliated with us either as shareholders or vendors.
COST OF REVENUES
In 2000 and prior years there were no costs of revenues from continuing
operations. All such costs were attributable to our discontinued education
business operations.
Cost of revenues from our discontinued education business operations
increased in 2000 to $29.8 million from $7.7 million and $135,000 in 1999 and
1998, respectively. The increases from 1999 to 2000 and from 1998 to 1999 were
due primarily to (1) depreciation related to computer equipment installed in
significantly more schools, (2) space segment costs related to operating a
significantly larger base of installed schools and (3) call center costs to
support a rapidly growing user base. Additionally, in 2000 we expensed
$1.6 million associated with earlier technology satellite cards deemed
worthless.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Research and development expenses for our continuing operations in 2000 were
$817,000, representing costs of personnel and overhead associated with
initiating our new industry-specific private network business. In prior years
all research and development expenses were attributable to our discontinued
education business operations.
Research and development expenses from our discontinued education business
operations increased to approximately $6.9 million in 2000 from $2.7 million and
$1.1 million in 1999 and 1998, respectively. The increase from 1999 to 2000 was
a result of increased payroll and consulting fees incurred in support of a rapid
development of our network capabilities. The increase from 1998 to 1999 was
primarily due to increased research and development headcount.
SALES AND MARKETING
Sales and marketing expenses for continuing operations were $399,000 in
2000, representing costs of personnel and overhead associated with initiating
our new industry-specific private network business. In prior years all sales and
marketing expenses were attributable to our discontinued education business
operations.
Sales and marketing expenses for our discontinued education business
operations increased to $10.6 million in 2000 from $7.4 million and
$1.2 million in 1999 and 1998, respectively. The increases in both instances
were due to the increased number of sales and marketing personnel, related
overhead, increased commissions and increased travel costs associated with the
our direct selling efforts.
19
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE
General and administrative expenses in 2000 were $5,614,000, representing
costs of personnel and overhead associated with initiating our new
industry-specific private network business and transaction cost associated with
the Gilat tender offer. In 1999 and 1998, the only general and administrative
expense attributable to our continuing business operations was depreciation on
continuing corporate equipment and fixtures which amounted to $673,000 and
$86,000 respectively.
General and administrative expenses from our discontinued education business
operations increased to $21.4 million from $6.2 million and $1.4 million in 1999
and 1998, respectively. The increases were due to increased personnel and
related overhead necessary to support the increased scale of our operations.
Additionally, in 2000, we incurred severance expenses of $1.1 million in
connection with a reduction in force prompted by our plan to exit the school
business.
AMORTIZATION OF DEFERRED STOCK COMPENSATION
Amortization of deferred compensation in 2000 was $180,000, relating to
personnel associated with initiating our new industry-specific private network
business. In 1999 and 1998 all amortization of deferred compensation, amounting
to $6,056,000 and $1,065,000, respectively, was attributable to personnel who
were dedicated to operating the discontinued education business.
Amortization of deferred stock compensation from our discontinued operations
for the year 2000 was $4,977,000, made up of $319,000 in research and
development, $278,000 in sales and marketing and $4,380,000 in general and
administrative expense. The increase in expense from 1998 to 1999 was
principally due to incentive grants of stock or options at less than fair market
value prices to a number of senior executives. The decline in expense in 2000
was largely due to the gradual expiration of the amortization periods of earlier
grants and the departure of several executives who are benficiaries. No grants
that would generate deferred compensation were made in 2000.
INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE
Interest income totaled $5,249,000, $1,812,000 and $13,000 in 2000, 1999 and
1998, respectively. The growth in income was due to rising cost balances
available for investment, largely by virtue of our initial public offering.
Interest expense totaled $5,447,000, $1,183,000 and $49,000 in 2000, 1999
and 1998, respectively. The increase in expense was associated with capital
leases entered into to finance the expansion of our school network.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
On November 15, 2000 we repurchased for $5.5 million in cash all of the
Series A preferred stock of eFundraising issued in connection with the
acquisition of eFundraising. This repurchase was mandated by provisions of the
Series A preferred stock triggered by the October 2000 tender offer for 51% of
our common stock by Gilat.
We believe that our available cash resources will be sufficient to meet our
expected working capital and capital expenditure requirements for the next
twelve months based on our current business plan. However, if by acquisition or
other means opportunities are presented to deploy our products and services more
rapidly than currently planned, we may seek to raise additional funds.
Additionally, we may require additional capital to develop new satellite-based
private networks, respond to competitive pressures, acquire complementary
technologies, or respond to unanticipated developments.
We may seek to raise additional funds through private or public sales of
securities, strategic financial and business relationships, bank debt, lease
financing, or otherwise. If additional funds are
20
raised through the issuance of equity securities, the percentage of rStar owned
by existing stockholders will be reduced, stockholders may experience additional
dilution, and these equity securities may have rights, preferences, or
privileges senior to those of the holders of our common stock. Additional
financing may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all. If adequate funds
are not available or are not available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to
deploy or enhance our network, take advantage of future opportunities, or
respond to competitive pressures or unanticipated developments, which could
severely harm our business.
Additionally, the process of exiting from our education businesses will most
likely involve the sale of the computer and other equipment now residing in
schools. Most of this equipment is leased under capital leases whose terms may
require prepayment upon sale of the equipment. The lessor under the majority of
these capital leases is our affiliate and 51% owner, Gilat. The total lease
obligation from unaffiliated lessors at December 31, 2000 was $8.2 million.
FACTORS AFFECTING OUR BUSINESS, OPERATING RESULTS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION
Investors should carefully consider the risks desribed below before making
an investment decision. We operate in a rapidly changing environment that
involves a number of risks, some of which are beyond our control. The risks
described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks we are not
presently aware of or that we currently believe are immaterial may also impair
our business operations. Our business could be harmed by any of these risks. The
trading price of our common stock could decline due to any of these risks, and
investors may lose all or part of their investment. In assessing these risks,
investors should also refer to the other information contained or incorporated
by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including our consolidated
financial statements and other notes.
WE HAVE AN UNPROVEN BUSINESS MODEL AND A LIMITED OPERATING HISTORY.
Because we have discontinued our principal business--building an
advertiser-supported network serving the education market--and we have not
completed the development of our industry-specific private network business, we
have a limited operating history on which investors can base an evaluation of
our business and prospects. Our revenue and income potential are unproven and
our business model is unique and evolving. We have limited insight into trends
that may emerge and affect our business.
An investor in our common stock must carefully consider the risks and
difficulties frequently encountered by companies in an early stage of
development, as well as the risks we face due to our participation in a new and
rapidly evolving market. Our business strategy may not be successful and it may
not successfully overcome these risks.
OUR BUSINESS MODEL IS CHANGING AND FUTURE REVENUE GROWTH WILL SUFFER IF WE FAIL
TO ATTRACT AND GROW OUR SPONSORSHIP AND USER BASE.
The success of our business will depend on our ability to generate revenue
by attracting sponsors and subscribers for the industry-specific private
networks we seek to develop and deploy. If we are unable to rapidly deploy our
networks to a large number of fee-based business customers, our ability to
generate revenue and implement our strategy will be severely limited.
Users may find that our networks' features and content are not sufficiently
compelling to continue regular use, or may turn to other Internet providers for
such services such as broadband Internet connectivity, software applications,
industry-specific content, and e-commerce business solutions. If we are not able
to demonstrate to sponsors that our networks have an active and growing user
base, sponsors may choose not to enter into sponsorship agreements with us and
our revenues generated from sponsorships would suffer.
21
WE HAVE INCURRED SUBSTANTIAL LOSSES AND ANTICIPATE CONTINUED LOSSES.
We incurred net losses of approximately $162.5 million for the period of
inception through December 31, 2000, which losses resulted primarily from costs
related to developing our discontinued education network business, deploying the
network to schools and developing content and features for the network. We have
not achieved profitability. We expect to have increasing net losses and negative
cash flows for the foreseeable future. The size of these net losses will depend,
in part, on revenues from our sponsors and subscribers of the industry-specific
private networks we intend to provide, and on the level of our expenses.
As a result, management expects that our operating expenses will continue to
grow for the foreseeable future. We will need to generate significant additional
revenues to achieve profitability. It is possible that we will never achieve
profitability, and even if we do achieve profitability, we may not sustain or
increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis in the future. If we do
not achieve or sustain profitability in the future, then we may be unable to
continue our operations.
WE EXPECT OUR QUARTERLY FINANCIAL RESULTS TO FLUCTUATE AND OUR RECENT SHIFT TO
OUR CURRENT BUSINESS LIMITS MANAGEMENT'S ABILITY TO PREDICT REVENUES AND
EXPENSES PRECISELY.
Our quarterly and annual operating results have varied in the past and are
likely to fluctuate significantly in the future due to a variety of factors,
many of which are outside of our control. Factors that might cause quarterly
fluctuations in our operating results include the factors described in the
subheadings below. To respond to these and other factors, we may need to make
business decisions that could impact our quarterly operating results. Most of
our expenses are relatively fixed in the short term. Moreover, our expense
levels are based, in part, on our expectations regarding future revenue levels
in connection with our current business. As a result, if total revenues for a
particular quarter are below our expectations we may not be able to
proportionately reduce our operating expenses for that quarter. This revenue
shortfall might then have a disproportionate effect on our expected operating
results for that quarter. Consequently, management believes that
period-to-period comparisons of our operating results are not necessarily
meaningful, and should not be viewed as indicators of our future performance in
connection with our current business. In addition, during future periods our
quarterly or annual operating results may fail to meet the expectations of
securities analysts or investors. In this case the trading price of our common
stock would likely decrease.
GILAT OWNS 51% OF OUR OUTSTANDING COMMON STOCK AND MAY DELAY OR IMPEDE CERTAIN
PROPOSED TRANSACTIONS BY, OR A CHANGE IN CONTROL OF, RSTAR.
On January 11, 2001, Gilat successfully completed a tender offer for certain
of our shares of common stock and became the holder of 51% of our then
outstanding common stock. As a result, Gilat may be deemed to have significant
influence over the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for action,
including the election of members of our Board of Directors and the approval of
any significant transactions. Gilat's ownership of more than a majority equity
interest in rStar may make certain transactions proposed by our management more
difficult to effect absent Gilat's support, and may have the effect of delaying
or preventing any proposed change in control of rStar.
NASDAQ HAS SENT A NOTICE REGARDING OUR FAILURE TO MAINTAIN A MINIMUM BID PRICE
AND OUR EFFORTS TO REMAIN LISTED ON THE NASDAQ NATIONAL MARKET MAY LOWER THE
VALUE OF OUR COMMON STOCK.
On March 28, 2001 we received a notice from Nasdaq that our common stock had
failed to maintain a minimum bid price of $1.00 over the preceding 30
consecutive trading days as required for continued listing on the Nasdaq
National Market. The notice stated that if at any time prior to June 26, 2001,
the closing bid price of our common stock does not sustain at $1.00 or more for
at least 10 consecutive trading days, our common stock could be delisted from
the Nasdaq National Market. If
22
our common stock fails to sustain the minimum closing bid price for the
requisite number of days, the Nasdaq staff will issue a determination that the
common stock will be delisted. Thereafter, and prior to any actual delisting, we
will have an opportunity to request a hearing. At such hearing, we will have the
ability to present a plan demonstrating that we can come into compliance with
the continued listing requirements. A common course of action for companies
attempting to maintain their listing by ensuring a bid price in excess of $1.00
is the institution of a reverse stock split. At present, we have made no
decision with respect to this course of action but will continue to evaluate
this alternative in light of all other options, including accepting a delisting
determination. A reverse stock split could negatively impact the value of the
our stock by allowing additional downward pressure on the stock price as our
relative value becomes greater following the reverse split. That is to say, the
stock, at our new, higher price per share has farther to fall and therefore more
room for investors to short or otherwise trade the value of the stock downward.
OUR SHARES OF COMMON STOCK MAY BE DELISTED FROM THE NASDAQ NATIONAL MARKET,
WHICH WOULD IMPAIR THEIR LIQUIDITY.
Our common stock may be delisted from the Nasdaq National Market, either for
failure to maintain a minimum bid price, or because, among other things, the
number of shares of our common stock that are publicly held falls below 750,000,
the number of holders of round lot shares of our common stock falls below 400,
or the market value of such publicly held shares is not at least $5 million. The
closing bid price of our common stock has not been above $1.00 for 10
consecutive trading days since November 2000.
If our shares of common stock are delisted from the Nasdaq National Market,
their liquidity will be impaired. Though we may decide to seek trading of our
common stock on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board, or OTC market, if our
common stock is delisted, the OTC market provides substantially less liquidity
than the Nasdaq National Market, and stocks traded on the OTC market generally
trade with larger spreads between the bid and the ask price, which may cause the
trading price of our common stock to decline.
Also, if we decide to seek trading of our common stock on the OTC market,
our common stock would be subject to rules under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, which imposes additional requirements on broker-dealers who sell such
securities to persons other than established customers and to persons other than
"accredited investors." In this context the term "accredited investors" includes
individuals with a net worth in excess of $1,000,000 or an annual income
exceeding $200,000, or $300,000 together with their spouses. For transactions
covered by such rules, a broker-dealer must make a special suitability
determination regarding the purchaser and must have received the purchaser's
written consent prior to the sale. This could negatively affect the ability of
broker-dealers to sell shares of our common stock and further impair the
liquidity of our common stock.
IF DELISTED, OUR SHARES OF COMMON STOCK MAY BE CHARACTERIZED AS PENNY STOCKS,
WHICH MAY SEVERELY HARM THEIR LIQUIDITY.
The SEC has adopted regulations which define a "penny stock" to be any
equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share or with an
exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions. For
any transaction involving a penny stock, unless exempt, these rules require
delivery, prior to any transaction in a penny stock, of a disclosure schedule
relating to the penny stock market. Disclosure is also required to be made about
current quotations for the securities and about commissions payable to both the
broker-dealer and the registered representative. Finally, broker-dealers must
send monthly statements to purchasers of penny stocks disclosing recent price
information for the penny stock held in the account and information on the
limited market in penny stocks. The foregoing penny stock restrictions will not
apply to our shares of common stock if: (1) they continue to be listed on the
Nasdaq National Market; (2) certain price and volume information is
23
publicly available about our shares on a current and continuing basis; and (3)
we meet certain minimum net tangible assets or average revenue criteria. Our
common stock may not qualify for an exemption from the penny stock restrictions.
If our shares of common stock were subject to the rules on penny stocks, the
liquidity of our common stock would be severely harmed.
OUR METHODS OF GENERATING REVENUES ARE NEW AND LARGELY UNTESTED.
The success of our business will depend on our ability to generate revenue.
Prior to discontinuing our education business, we generated 100% of our revenues
from that business. We have not yet begun to generate any revenue from our new
business, and because our methods of generating revenue are new and largely
untested we may generate lower revenues than we expect. Further, if we are
unable to generate multiple new sources of revenue, our future revenue growth
will suffer. Currently, we expect to receive the majority of our revenue from:
(1) suppliers to participants in industries for which we plan to provide private
networks, who will be charged for dedicated connections, and for e-commerce and
advertising access to their customers; (2) network services, including marketing
and profit sharing fees; and (3) fees paid by network end users.
The success of our initiatives to become a leading provider of
satellite-based network services to specific industries depends in part on our
ability to adapt our experience in building a satellite-based network for our
discontinued education business to other markets and those markets' acceptance
of our products and services, and more generally upon the adoption of the
Internet as a medium for commerce by a broad base of customers and our users. If
these markets fail to develop or develop more slowly than expected, or if our
products and services do not achieve market acceptance, our revenue generated
from our new network business will be lower than expected.
WE RELY HEAVILY ON OUR KEY PARTNERS AND IF THEY TERMINATE THEIR STRATEGIC
ALLIANCES WITH US OR IF THE ARRANGEMENT FAIL TO MEET OUR OBJECTIVES, WE MAY
EXPERIENCE DIFFICULTY OR DELAYS IN INSTALLING AND MAINTAINING OUR PLANNED
NETWORKS AND OUR REVENUE GROWTH MAY SUFFER.
We rely heavily on our strategic alliance relationships with Gilat and its
wholly-owned subsidiary, Spacenet. Our agreements with Gilat and Spacenet
involve many aspects of our business, including deployment and operation of our
planned industry-specific networks and these arrangements are complex and will
require a great deal of effort to operate successfully. As a result, there are
many risks related to these arrangements, including some that we may not have
foreseen. It is difficult to assess the likelihood of occurrence of these risks,
including the lack of success of the overall arrangements to meet the parties'
objectives. If we fail to maintain these relationships, or if our partners do
not perform to our expectations, the performance of our networks, and our
ability to generate revenues, may be harmed.
WE ARE DEPENDENT ON THIRD PARTIES TO DEPLOY OUR PLANNED NETWORKS TO BUSINESS
ENTERPRISES AND SUPPORT IT ONCE INSTALLED.
We have used, and plan to continue to use, third parties such as Gilat and
Spacenet to install and support our planned networks in business entities. In
the past we have experienced difficulties resulting from the failure of third
parties to manage successfully the wide-scale deployment of our discontinued
education network in a school environment. Such failures, if duplicated in our
new network business, would result in delays in the scheduled deployment of our
networks and could limit or eliminate revenue generated from sponsorships,
e-commerce and network services.
We also rely on third parties to provide the majority of support necessary
to maintain our networks once installed. Any inability to maintain or delays to
the maintenance of this equipment would lead to lower revenue generated from
sponsorships, e-commerce and network services.
24
OUR VARIED SALES CYCLES COULD HARM OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS IF FORECASTED SALES
ARE DELAYED OR DO NOT OCCUR.
The length of time between the date of initial contact with a potential
customer or sponsor and the execution of a contract with the potential customer
or sponsor may vary significantly and may depend on the nature of the
arrangement. Furthermore, contracting with potential sponsors is subject to
delays over which we have little or no control, including: (1) potential
sponsors' adoption of our industry-specific networks, which are a relatively new
advertising medium, as an acceptable use of those sponsors' budgets;
(2) potential sponsors' or customers' budgetary constraints; (3) potential
sponsors' internal acceptance reviews; and (4) the possibility of cancellation
or delay of projects by sponsors.
During any given sales cycle, we may expend substantial funds and management
resources and yet not obtain sponsorship or subscriber revenue. Our results of
operations for a particular period may suffer if sales to sponsors and
subscribers forecasted in a particular period are delayed or do not otherwise
occur.
GOVERNMENT REGULATION AFFECTING OUR BUSINESS STRATEGY COULD HARM OUR BUSINESS.
Laws and regulations directly applicable to communications or commerce over
the Internet are becoming more prevalent. These laws or regulations may relate
to liability for information retrieved from or transmitted over the Internet,
online content regulation, user privacy, taxation and the quality of products
and services. In addition, these new laws have not yet been significantly
interpreted by the courts, and consequently their applicability and reach are
not defined. Moreover, the applicability to the Internet of existing laws
governing issues such as intellectual property ownership, copyright, defamation,
obscenity and personal privacy is uncertain and developing. We may be subject to
claims that our services violate such laws. Any new legislation or regulation in
the United States or abroad or the application of existing laws and regulations
to the Internet could impose significant restrictions, requirements or
additional costs on our business, require us to change our operating methods,
business strategy, or subject us to additional liabilities and cause the price
of our common stock to decline.
WE ARE DEPENDENT ON OUR NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE, AND IN PARTICULAR ON SATELLITES
AND SATELLITE TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGY, AND ANY FAILURE OF OUR NETWORKS WOULD
HARM OUR OPERATIONS.
We recently decided to withdraw from the education market and, instead,
emphasize our goal of becoming a leading provider of satellite-based private
networks for specific industries. Our network infrastructure may not be able to
support the demands this growth may place on it and our performance and
reliability may decline. We experienced interruptions in service as a result of
outages and other delays occurring throughout our network infrastructure in our
former education business, and we may in the future experience such
interruptions in service and other delays. If these outages or delays occur
frequently in the future, use of our planned networks and their growth could be
impaired.
Our network operations center and our communications and other computer
hardware, are also subject to disruptions which are beyond our control and for
which we may not have adequate insurance. Fire, floods, earthquakes,
telecommunications failures, break-ins and similar events could damage our
communications hardware and other network operations. Our facilities in the
state of California are currently subject to electrical blackouts as a
consequence of a shortage of available electrical power. In the event those
blackouts continue or increase in severity, they could severely disrupt the
operations of our affected facilities.
Each user of our planned networks will be connected to our networks through
a satellite link. The complete or partial loss of a satellite used to transmit
data to network subscribers could affect the performance of our networks.
25
Orbiting satellites are subject to the risk of failing prematurely due to
mechanical failure, collision with objects in space or an inability to maintain
proper orbit. Any such loss of the use of a satellite could prevent us from
delivering our services. This interruption in services would continue until
either a substitute satellite is placed into orbit, or until our services are
moved to a different satellite. Moving to an alternate satellite would require
us to redirect all of the satellite dishes in our networks--a very
time-consuming and expensive process. The loss of a satellite could also result
in increased costs of using satellites.
We are dependent on transmissions from the satellite to our customer sites,
and these transmissions may be interrupted or experience other difficulty, which
could result in service interruptions and delays in our networks. In addition,
the use of the satellite to provide transmissions to our customers requires a
direct line of sight between the satellite and the receiver at the business site
and is subject to distance and rain attenuation. In markets that experience
heavy rainfall we may need to use greater power to maintain transmission
quality. Such changes may require Federal Communications Commission, or FCC,
approval, which may not be granted.
WE MAY BE SUBJECT TO THIRD PARTY ABUSES OF OUR NETWORKS, SUCH AS COMPUTER
VIRUSES, "SPAM" OR "HACKING," WHICH COULD LEAD TO INTERRUPTIONS IN OUR SERVICES
AND OTHER ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES WHICH COULD BE EXPENSIVE TO FIX, SUBJECT US TO
LIABILITY OR RESULT IN LOWER USE OF OUR NETWORKS THAN EXPECTED.
The future success of our business depends on the security of our planned
networks. Computer viruses or problems caused by our users or other third
parties, such as the sending of excessive volumes of unsolicited bulk e-mail or
"spam," could lead to interruptions, delays, or cessation in service to our
users. In addition, the sending of "spam" through our networks could result in
third parties asserting claims against us. We may not prevail in such claims and
our failure to do so could result in large judgments that would harm our
business. Users or other third parties could also potentially jeopardize the
security of confidential information stored in our computer systems by their
inappropriate use of the Internet, including "hacking," which could cause losses
to us or our users or deter persons from using our services. Users or third
parties may also potentially expose us to liability by "identity theft," or
posing as another network user. Unauthorized access by current and former
employees or others could also potentially jeopardize the security of
confidential information stored in our computer systems and that of our users.
We expect that our users will increasingly use the Internet for commercial
transactions in the future. Any network malfunction or security breach could
cause these transactions to be delayed, not completed at all, or completed with
compromised security. Users or others may assert claims of liability against us
as a result of any failure by us to prevent these network malfunctions and
security breaches, and may deter others from using our services, which could
cause our business prospects to suffer. Although we intend to continue using
industry-standard security measures, such measures have been circumvented in the
past, and we cannot assure you that these measures will not be circumvented in
the future. In addition, to alleviate problems caused by computer viruses or
other inappropriate uses or security breaches, we may have to interrupt, delay,
or cease service to our users, which could severely harm our business.
WE ARE DEPENDENT ON LEASED SATELLITE BANDWIDTH, AND IF SUCH A LEASE IS
UNAVAILABLE TO US, WE COULD BE SUBJECTED TO SIGNIFICANT RESTRICTIONS ON OUR
BUSINESS.
We leased satellite bandwidth from Spacenet for our discontinued education
business. If, for any reason, we are not able to negotiate a new lease with
Spacenet or another satellite provider on favorable terms, our new
industry-specific private network business could be significantly jeopardized,
as it is bi-directional satellite-based.
26
The satellite industry is a highly regulated industry. In the United States,
operation and use of satellites requires licenses from the FCC. As a lessee of
satellite space, we could in the future be indirectly subject to new laws,
policies or regulations or changes in the interpretation or application of
existing laws, policies or regulations, any of which may modify the present
regulatory environment in the United States. While we believe that Spacenet will
be able to obtain all U.S. licenses and authorizations necessary to operate
effectively, it may not continue to be successful in doing so. Our failure to
indirectly obtain some or all necessary licenses or approvals could impose
significant additional costs and restrictions on our business, require us to
change our operating methods, or result in us no longer being able to provide
our service to affected users.
IF WE ARE UNABLE TO COMPETE EFFECTIVELY AGAINST OUR CURRENT AND POTENTIAL
COMPETITORS, THEN WE MAY LOSE USERS TO OTHER SERVICES WHICH COULD RESULT IN
LOWER USAGE OF OUR PLANNED NETWORKS AS WELL AS LOWER THAN EXPECTED REVENUES.
The market for our industry-specific private network products and services
is new and rapidly evolving, and we expect competition in and around this market
to intensify in the future. While we do not believe any of our competitors
currently offer the bundle of products and services we will offer, we face
competition from a number of companies who provide services and functionality
similar to portions of our services and functionality, who market products and
services to a similar base of users, or both, and who could in the future seek
to compete more directly with us. For example, Hughes Electronics, currently
offers one-way satellite based broadband Internet access to businesses, and it
has an alliance with America Online to promote America Online's broadband
services and content. We therefore believe that our greatest potential
competitive threat is posed not by a single company, but a combination of 1 or
more companies that each addresses different parts of our new business model.
Many of our existing competitors for some of our products and services, as
well as potential new competitors, have longer operating histories, greater name
recognition, larger customer bases and significantly greater financial,
technical and marketing resources than we do. This may allow such competitors to
devote greater resources than we can to the development and promotion of their
products and services and to adopt more aggressive pricing policies and make
more attractive offers to our potential subscribers, partners, sponsors and
e-commerce merchants. Many of these competitors may offer a wider range of
products and services than we do, may attract sponsors and subscribers to our
competitors' products and services and, consequently, result in lower acceptance
and usage of our private network products and services.
BUSINESS ENTERPRISES MAY USE ALTERNATIVE MEANS TO ACQUIRE COMPUTERS, SERVICES,
INDUSTRY-SPECIFIC CONTENT, AND INTERNET ACCESS, WHICH COULD REDUCE OUR POTENTIAL
USER BASE AND MAY LEAD TO LOWER THAN EXPECTED REVENUES.
We believe an attraction of our business is the complete bundle of computer
hardware, software, industry-specific content and broadband Internet
connectivity we intend to offer. However, for a variety of reasons, business
enterprises may decide to use other methods to acquire computers, Internet
access and other services to meet their needs. If business enterprises decide to
use means other than deployment of our products and services, it will limit our
user and sponsor base, and consequently we will have lower than expected
revenues.
WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO OBTAIN ADDITIONAL CAPITAL TO FUND OUR OPERATIONS WHEN
NEEDED.
We expect to use our existing cash for general corporate purposes, including
expanding our sales and marketing activities, continuing investments in
technology and product development and other capital expenditures, as well as
working capital and other corporate expenses, including the funding of net
losses from operations. We believe that our existing capital resources will be
sufficient to meet our cash requirements for at least the next 12 months.
However, our cash requirements are large, and
27
depend on several factors, including cash outflows due to lease obligations, the
rate of expansion of our planned industry-specific private networks, the cash
recovered from the sale of our discontinued education business or the assets
associated with that business, the availability of equipment leases on
competitive terms, our success in generating revenues, the growth of sales and
marketing efforts, and other factors. If capital requirements vary materially
from those currently planned, we may require additional financing sooner than
anticipated. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of equity
securities, the percentage ownership of our stockholders will be reduced,
stockholders may experience additional dilution, or these equity securities may
have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of the holders of our
common stock. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of debt
securities, such securities would have rights, preferences and privileges senior
to holders of common stock and the terms of such debt could impose restrictions
on our operations. Additional financing may not be available when needed on
terms favorable to us or at all. If adequate funds are not available or are not
available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to deploy our planned networks,
develop or enhance our services, take advantage of future opportunities or
respond to competitive pressures.
WE ARE DEPENDENT ON GROWTH IN USE AND POPULARITY OF OUR NETWORKS AND THE
INTERNET BY OUR USERS AND OUR ABILITY TO SUCCESSFULLY ANTICIPATE THE FREQUENTLY
CHANGING TASTES OF OUR USERS.
Our business is unlikely to be successful if the popularity of the Internet
as a viable business tool does not continue to increase. Even if the popularity
of the Internet and related media does increase, the success of our planned
industry-specific private network in particular depends on our ability to
anticipate and keep current with the frequently changing tastes of our users,
primarily small and medium-sized business enterprises in the industries we seek
to serve. Any failure on our part to successfully anticipate, identify or react
to changes in styles, trends or preferences of our users would lead to reduced
interest in and use of our networks and therefore limit opportunities for
sponsorship sales, subscriber fees and e-commmerce revenues. Moreover, the
"rStar Networks" brand could be eroded by misjudgments in service offerings or a
failure to keep our offerings, services and content current with the evolving
preferences of the marketplace.
OUR EFFORTS TO DEVELOP WIDESPREAD BRAND RECOGNITION ARE LIKELY TO BE EXPENSIVE
AND MAY FAIL.
The development of our brand is important to our future success. If we fail
to develop sufficient brand recognition, our ability to attract sponsorship and
subscriber revenue may be impaired, and our revenue will suffer. In order to
build our brand awareness we must succeed in our brand marketing efforts,
deliver features and services that are engaging to our users, and provide
high-quality content and services. These efforts will continue require
significant expenses. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in
developing our brand.
WE MAY BE SUBJECT TO LIABILITY FOR SERVICES SOLD THROUGH OUR NETWORK.
To date, we have had very limited experience in enabling consumers to
directly purchase products and services online or in the development of
relationships with manufacturers or suppliers of such products and services.
However, we plan to develop a range of e-commerce opportunities in connection
with our industry-specific private networks. Network users may sue us if the
products or services sold online are defective, fail to perform properly or
injure the user. Liability claims resulting from our sale of products could
require us to spend significant time and money in litigation or to pay
significant damages.
WE MAY BE SUBJECT TO LIABILITY FOR PUBLISHING OR DISTRIBUTING CONTENT OVER OUR
NETWORK.
We may be subject to claims relating to content that is published on or
downloaded from our planned industry-specific private networks. Although we
carry general liability insurance, our insurance
28
may not cover potential claims of this type, such as defamation or trademark
infringement, or may not be adequate to cover all costs incurred in defense of
potential claims or to indemnify us for all liability that may be imposed. In
addition, any claims like this, with or without merit, could require us to
change our networks in a manner that could be less attractive to our sponsors
and subscribers and would result in the diversion of our financial resources and
management personnel.
WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO DELIVER VARIOUS SERVICES IF THIRD PARTIES FAIL TO PROVIDE
RELIABLE SOFTWARE, SYSTEMS AND RELATED SERVICES.
All of our sponsors' advertisements will be served using software originally
licensed from NetGravity. While there is other software available, it would
substantially disrupt our business in the near term to switch to another
provider. As such, if we are not able to maintain such agreement or license or
internally develop similar software in the future, we may not be able to
effectively display advertisements to our users. In such event, our revenue from
sponsorships would likely suffer.
In addition we are dependent on various third parties for other software,
systems and related services, including software that enables us to multicast
data and software via satellite. Several of the third parties that provide
software and services to us have a limited operating history, have relatively
immature technology and are themselves dependent on reliable delivery of
services from others. As a result, our ability to deliver various services to
our users may suffer due to the failure of these third parties to provide
reliable software, systems and related services to us.
THE INABILITY TO OBTAIN KEY SOFTWARE FROM THIRD PARTIES MAY HARM OUR BUSINESS.
We rely on software licensed from third parties, including applications that
are integrated with internally developed software and used in our products. Most
notably, we license Microsoft operating system software. This and other
third-party technology licenses may not continue to be available to us on
commercially reasonable terms, or at all, and we may not be able to obtain
licenses for other existing or future technologies that we desire to integrate
into our products. Our business could be seriously harmed if it cannot maintain
existing third-party technology licenses or enter into licenses for other
existing or future technologies needed for our products.
OUR SUCCESS DEPENDS UPON THE SUCCESSFUL DEVELOPMENT OF NEW SERVICES AND FEATURES
IN THE FACE OF RAPIDLY EVOLVING TECHNOLOGY.
The market for our current products and services is characterized by rapidly
changing technologies, frequent new service introductions and evolving industry
standards. The recent growth of the Internet and intense competition in our
industry exacerbate these market characteristics. Our future success will depend
on our ability to adapt to rapidly changing technologies by continually
improving the performance, features and reliability of our networks. We may
experience difficulties that could delay or prevent the successful development,
introduction or marketing of new features, content or network services. In
addition, our new enhancements must meet the requirements of our current and
prospective sponsors and subscribers and must achieve significant market
acceptance. We could also incur substantial costs if it needed to modify our
service or infrastructures to adapt to these changes.
FAILURE TO MANAGE THE GROWTH OF OUR OPERATIONS COULD HARM OUR BUSINESS AND
STRAIN OUR MANAGERIAL, OPERATIONAL AND FINANCIAL RESOURCES.
We have recently and significantly changed our business model and strategy.
We anticipate that future expansion will be required to build a sponsor and
subscriber base if we are to be successful in implementing our business
strategy. We may not be able to implement management information and control
systems in an efficient and timely manner, and our current or planned personnel,
systems, procedures and controls may not be adequate to support our future
operations. If we are unable to
29
manage growth effectively, our business would suffer. To manage the expected
growth of our operations and personnel, we will be required to: (1) improve
existing and implement new operational, financial and management controls,
reporting systems and procedures; (2) install new management information
systems; and (3) train, motivate and manage our sales and marketing,
engineering, technical and customer support employees.
THE LOSS OF KEY PERSONNEL MAY HURT OUR ABILITY TO OPERATE OUR BUSINESS
EFFECTIVELY.
Our success depends to a significant degree upon the continued contributions
of the principal members of our sales, engineering and management departments,
many of whom perform important management functions and would be difficult to
replace. Specifically, management believes that our future success is highly
dependent on our senior management, and in particular on Lance Mortensen, our
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President. The loss of the services of any
key personnel, particularly senior management, could seriously harm our
business.
IF WE ARE UNABLE TO RETAIN AND HIRE ADDITIONAL QUALIFIED PERSONNEL AS NECESSARY,
WE MAY NOT BE ABLE TO SUCCESSFULLY ACHIEVE OUR OBJECTIVES.
We have hired engineering, sales, marketing, customer support accounting and
other personnel. We may not be able to attract and retain the necessary
personnel to accomplish our business objectives, and we may experience
constraints that will adversely affect our ability to deploy our networks in a
timely fashion or to support our users and operations. We have at times
experienced, and continue to experience, difficulty in recruiting qualified
personnel. Recruiting qualified personnel is an intensely competitive and
time-consuming process.
WE MAY ENGAGE IN FUTURE ACQUISITIONS THAT DILUTE OUR STOCKHOLDERS AND RESULT IN
INCREASED DEBT AND ASSUMPTION OF CONTINGENT LIABILITIES.
As part of our business strategy, we may consider acquisition prospects that
would complement our current product offerings, augment our market coverage,
enhance our technical capabilities, or otherwise offer growth opportunities. In
the event of such future acquisitions, we could: (1) issue equity securities,
which would dilute current stockholders' percentage ownership; (2) incur
substantial debt; or (3) assume contingent liabilities.
Such actions by us could have a detrimental effect on our results of
operations and/or the price of our common stock. Acquisitions also entail
numerous risks, including: (1) difficulties in assimilating acquired operations,
technologies, products or personnel; (2) unanticipated costs associated with the
acquisition that could materially adversely affect our results of operations;
(3) negative effects on our reported results of operations from acquisition
related charges and of amortization of acquired technology and other
intangibles; (4) diversion of management's attention from other business
concerns; (5) adverse effects on existing business relationships with suppliers
and customers; (6) risks of entering markets in which we have no or limited
prior experience; and (7) potential loss of key employees of acquired
organizations.
POSSIBLE INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS COULD HARM OUR BUSINESS.
We seek to protect our intellectual property and to respect the intellectual
property rights of others. To protect our own intellectual property, we rely on
U.S. and international law regarding copyright, patents, trademarks and trade
secrets as well as confidentiality agreements with employees, consultants,
contractors and business partners. We cannot guarantee that we will succeed in
obtaining, registering, policing or defeating challenges to our intellectual
property rights, or that we will avoid claims that we are infringing the rights
of others.
30
Despite our efforts to protect our intellectual property, we may be
unsuccessful in doing so. We may be unable to obtain patents or register
trademarks for a variety of reasons, including a mistaken belief that these
items are eligible for intellectual property protection or that we are the
entity entitled to this protection, if any. Our copyrights and trade secrets may
similarly turn out to be ineligible for legal protection. In addition, parties
may attempt to disclose, obtain or use our proprietary information despite, or
in the absence of, a confidentiality agreement. Some foreign countries do not
protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as the United States,
and intellectual property law in the United States is still uncertain and
evolving as applied to Internet-related industries. The status of domain names
and the regulatory bodies in charge of them is also unsettled. Any inability to
register or otherwise protect our intellectual property rights could seriously
harm our business since it could enable competitors to copy important features
on our network.
Furthermore, third parties may assert intellectual property infringement
claims against us. These claims, possibly including those from companies from
which we license key technology for our operations, could result in significant
liability, the inability to use key rights and technologies, and the
invalidation of our own proprietary rights. In addition, regardless of the
outcome, any litigation could be time-consuming, expensive, and distracting of
management's time and attention.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily
to the increase or decrease in the amount of interest income we can earn on our
investment portfolio and on the increase or decrease in the amount of interest
expense we must pay with respect to our various outstanding debt instruments.
The risk associated with fluctuating interest expense is limited, however, to
the expense related to those debt instruments and credit facilities that are
tied to market rates. We do not use derivative financial instruments in our
investment portfolio. We ensure the safety and preservation of our invested
principal funds by limiting default risks, market risk and reinvestment risk. We
mitigate default risk by investing in investment grade and high-credit quality
securities. A hypothetical increase or decrease in market interest rates by 10%
from the market interest rates at December 31, 2000 would not cause the fair
value of our cash and cash equivalents or the interest expense paid with respect
to our outstanding debt instruments to change by a material amount. Declines in
interest rates over time will, however, reduce our interest income while
increases in interest rates over time will increase our interest expense. As of
December 31, 2000, we had not engaged in any significant foreign currency
activity.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The information required by this item is in Item 14 of Part IV of this
Report and is incorporated into this item by reference.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
We changed accountants in June 2000 as previously reported in our Form 8-K
filed with the SEC on June 6, 2000.
31
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Set forth below is certain information as of March 31, 2001 regarding our
current directors and nominees for Directors of the Board. There is no family
relationship among any of the Directors or executive officers of rStar.
NAME AGE PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION AND BUSINESS EXPERIENCE
- ---- --- -------------------------------------------------------
Lance Mortensen 48 See Part I, "Executive Officers".
Charles Appleby Mr. Appleby has been a member of our Board of Directors
since January 2001. Mr. Appleby is president and a
equity holder of CAVCO, Inc., a private investment
company, positions he has held for the past 5 years.
Prior to that, from 1984 to 1996, Mr. Appleby was a
founding partner in the accounting firm of Grenadier,
Appleby, Collins & Company, specializing in taxation
matters including income, estate and gift for
individuals, corporations, estates and trusts for
residents and non-residents. Mr. Appleby holds an
M.B.A. from Stetson University and is a colonel in the
Florida Army National Guard. He is Chair of the Audit
Committee and a member of the Compensation Committee.
Michael Arnouse 44 Mr. Arnouse has been a member of our Board of Directors
since October 1998. Mr. Arnouse has spent the past 10
years as a business consultant and financier for
private and publicly traded companies. During that
period, he had financed more than 50 transactions
totaling in excess of five hundred million dollars. Mr.
Arnouse co-founded Sky Trek International Airlines and
served as Chairman of the Board of Directors from
January 1996 until June 1998 and continues to serve on
its board. Mr. Arnouse is currently employed as
Chairman and President of Wharton Capital Partners
Ltd., a New York based investment banking and financial
consulting firm. Mr. Arnouse also serves as president
of State Capital Market Group Ltd., a privately owned
investment and business consulting company. He is Chair
of the Compensation Committee and a member of the Audit
Committee.
COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
In fiscal year 2000, each Director who was not an employee of rStar or any
of its subsidiaries ("non-employee director") received fees for his service as a
Director. Each non-employee director received an annual retainer of $10,000,
plus $1,000 for each Board meeting they attend. Directors who serve as a chair
for the Compensation or Audit Committees each receive an additional fee of $750
for each committee meeting they chair. All other non-employee directors receive
a fee of $500 for each committee meeting they attend. Directors are also
reimbursed for out of pocket expenses in attending Board meetings.
Our 1998 Stock Plan, as amended in July 2000, provides that options will be
granted to non-employee directors pursuant to an automatic non-discretionary
grant formula. Each non-employee director will be granted an option to purchase
20,000 shares of Common Stock on the date of each Annual Meeting of the
Stockholders of rStar. Each option will be granted at the fair market value of
32
the Common Stock on the date of grant. Options granted to non-employee directors
under the 1998 Stock Plan will be fully vested and exercisable on the date of
grant. The options to be granted under the 1998 Stock Plan will be nonqualified
stock options. Nonqualified stock options are stock options which do not
constitute "incentive stock options" within the meaning of Section 422 of the
Internal Revenue Code. Currently, all Directors other than Mr. Mortensen are
eligible to participate in the 1998 Stock Plan as non-employee directors.
In May 2000 Mr. Arnouse, as a non-employee director of rStar, was granted an
option to purchase 7,500 shares of stock at an exercise price of $2.4375. This
option was immediately exercisable. Mr. Appleby commenced service as a Director
in January 2001, and did not receive stock options or compensation during fiscal
year 2000.
BOARD MEETINGS AND COMMITTEES
The Board of Directors held a total of 6 meetings (including regularly
scheduled and special meetings) during fiscal 2000. During the last fiscal year,
no incumbent director while a member of the Board of Directors attended fewer
than 75% of the aggregate of (1) the total number of meetings of the Board of
Directors and (2) the total number of meetings held by all committees on which
such director served.
Our Board of Directors has 2 standing committees: an Audit Committee and a
Compensation Committee. The Audit Committee, which currently consists of
Mr. Appleby and Mr. Arnouse, is responsible for, among other things,
(1) recommending engagement of our independent auditors, (2) approving the
services performed by such auditors, (3) consulting with such auditors and
reviewing with them the results of their examination, (4) reviewing and
approving any material accounting policy changes affecting our operating
results, (5) reviewing our control procedures and personnel, and (6) reviewing
and evaluating our accounting principles and our system of internal accounting
controls. The Audit Committee held 3 meetings during fiscal year 2000.
The Compensation Committee, which currently consists of Mr. Arnouse and
Mr. Appleby, is responsible for (1) reviewing and approving the compensation and
benefits for our officers and other employees, (2) administering our stock
purchase and stock option plans, and (3) making recommendations to the Board of
Directors regarding such matters. The Compensation Committee held 1 meeting
during fiscal year 2000. Neither Mr. Arnouse nor Mr. Appleby is an officer or
employee of rStar or its subsidiaries.
COMPLIANCE WITH SECTION 16(A) OF THE EXCHANGE ACT
Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act ("Section 16(a)") requires our executive
officers and our directors, and persons who own more than 10% of a registered
class of our equity securities, to file reports of ownership on Form 3 and
changes in ownership on Form 4 or Form 5 with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the "SEC") and the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.
Such executive officers, directors and 10% stockholders are also required by SEC
rules to furnish the Company with copies of all such forms that they file.
Based solely on its review of the copies of such forms received by us, or
written representations from certain reporting persons that no Forms 5 were
required for such persons, we believe that during fiscal 2000 all Section 16(a)
filing requirements applicable to its executive officers, directors and
10% stockholders were complied with, except for the following filings:
- An Amended Form 4 was filed in June 2000 to revise the total number of
shares owned by Rick Inatome. Mr. Inatome was our former Chief Executive
Officer.
- An Amended Form 4 was filed in June 2000 to revise the total number of
shares owned by Mr. Kim Gaynor. Mr. Gaynor was our former Chief Operating
Officer.
33
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Summary Compensation Table
The following table sets forth certain information concerning total
compensation received by the Chief Executive Officer and each of the 4 most
highly compensated executive officers other than the Chief Executive Officer
during the last fiscal year (the "Named Officers") for services rendered to us
in all capacities during the last 3 fiscal years.
LONG-TERM
ANNUAL COMPENSATION
COMPENSATION AWARDS
------------------- ------------
SECURITIES
FISCAL SALARY BONUS UNDERLYING
NAME AND PRINCIPAL POSITION YEAR ($) ($) OPTIONS (#)
- --------------------------- -------- -------- -------- ------------
Lance Mortensen(1) 2000 261,692 0 0
Chairman, CEO and President 1999 248,400 0 0
1998 273,052 0 300,000
Robert Edwards(2) 2000 154,000 0 250,000
SVP, Administration and CFO 1999 0 0 0
1998 0 0 0
Christophe Morin(3) 2000 109,000 0 125,000
VP, Marketing 1999 0 0 0
1998 0 0 0
Jay Scott(4) 2000 131,000 0 0
Chief Operating Officer 1999 0 0 0
1998 0 0 0
David Wallace(5) 2000 147,625 0 30,000
VP, General Counsel and Secretary 1999 6,379 0 8,100
1998 0 0 0
R. Kimberly Gaynor(6) 2000 $449,864 $0 100,000
Former Chief Operating Officer 1999 $ 23,076 0 380,000
1998 0 0 0
Rick Inatome(7) 2000 $256,251 $0 0
Former Chief Executive Officer 1999 71,846 0 200,000
1998 0 0 0
- ------------------------
(1) Mr. Mortensen served as our Chief Executive Officer from June of 1997 to
September of 1999. He was renamed Chief Executive Officer in October 2000.
(2) Mr. Robert Edwards joined us in March 2000 in his current position.
(3) Mr. Morin joined us in May 2000 and has served in his current position since
April 2001.
(4) Mr. Scott joined us in March 2000 and has served in his current position
since January 2001.
(5) Mr. Wallace joined us in November 1999 and has served in his current
position since January 2001.
(6) Mr. Gaynor joined us in December 1999 and was employed by us until October
2000.
(7) Mr. Inatome joined us in September 1999 and was employed by us until
October 2000.
34
OPTION GRANTS IN LAST FISCAL YEAR
The following table sets forth, as to the Named Officers, information
concerning stock options granted during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000.
INDIVIDUAL GRANTS
--------------------------------------------------- POTENTIAL REALIZABLE
PERCENT OF VALUE AT ASSUMED
NUMBER OF TOTAL OPTIONS ANNUAL RATES OF STOCK
SECURITIES GRANTED TO PRICE APPRECIATION
UNDERLYING EMPLOYEES FOR OPTION TERM (4)
OPTIONS IN FISCAL EXERCISE EXPIRATION ---------------------
NAME GRANTED (1) YEAR (2) PRICE DATE 5% 10%
- ---- ----------- ------------- -------- ---------- ---------- --------
Lance Mortensen............... 0 0 N/A N/A 0 0
Robert Edwards................ 200,000 8.37 $ 4.75 4/14/10 0 0
Robert Edwards................ 50,000 2.09 $2.625 6/5/10 0 0
Christophe Morin.............. 125,000 5.23 2.625 6/5/10 0 0
Jay Scott..................... 0 0 N/A N/A 0 0
David Wallace................. 30,000 1.26 $2.625 6/5/10 0 0
R. Kimberly Gaynor............ 100,000 4.19 $2.625 6/5/10 0 0
Rick Inatome.................. 0 0 N/A N/A 0 0
- ------------------------
(1) All options in this table were granted under the 1998 Stock Plan and have
exercise prices not less than the fair market value on the date of grant.
All such options have 10-year terms. Options vest over a 4-year period at
the rate of one-fourth on the first anniversary of the vesting commencement
date and monthly thereafter.
(2) We granted options to purchase 2,389,316 shares of Common Stock to employees
and consultants in fiscal 2000.
(3) Options may terminate before their expiration upon the termination of the
optionee's status as an employee or consultant, the optionee's death or an
acquisition of us.
(4) Potential realizable value assumes that the stock price increases from the
exercise price from the date of grant until the end of the option term
(10 years) at the annual rate specified (5% and 10%). Annual compounding
results in total appreciation of approximately 63% (at 5% per year) and 159%
(at 10% per year). If the price of our Common Stock were to increase at such
rates from the price at 2000 fiscal year end ($0.56 per share) over the next
10 years, the resulting stock price at 5% and 10% appreciation would be
$0.91 and $1.45, respectively. The assumed annual rates of appreciation are
specified in SEC rules and do not represent our estimate or projection of
future stock price growth. We do not necessarily agree that this method can
properly determine the value of an option.
35
OPTION EXERCISES AND HOLDINGS
The following table sets forth, as to the Named Officers, certain
information concerning stock options exercised during fiscal 2000 and the number
of shares subject to both exercisable and unexercisable stock options as of
December 31, 2000. Also reported are values for "in-the-money" options that
represent the positive spread between the respective exercise prices of
outstanding stock options and the fair market value of our Common Stock as of
December 31, 2000.
NUMBER OF SECURITIES VALUE OF UNEXERCISED
SHARES UNDERLYING UNEXERCISED IN-THE-MONEY OPTIONS
ACQUIRED ON VALUE OPTIONS AT FISCAL YEAR END AT FISCAL YEAR END ($)(1)(2)
EXERCISE REALIZED --------------------------- -----------------------------
NAME (#) ($) EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE EXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE
- ---- ----------- -------- ----------- ------------- ------------ --------------
Lance Mortensen............. 0 0 200,000 100,000 0 0
Robert Edwards.............. 0 0 0 250,000 0 0
Christophe Morin............ 0 0 0 125,000 0 0
Jay Scott................... 0 0 0 0 0 0
David Wallace............... 0 0 2,193 35,907 0 0
R. Kimberly Gaynor.......... 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rick Inatome................ 0 0 0 0 0 0
- ------------------------
(1) Market value of underlying securities based on the closing price of
Company's Common Stock on December 29, 2000 (the last trading day of fiscal
year 2000) on the Nasdaq National Market of $0.5625 minus the exercise
price.
(2) The exercise price of options granted exceeds the fair market value of
$0.5625 of our Common Stock on December 29, 2000.
36
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE REPORT
REPORT OF THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
This report is provided by the Compensation Committee (the "Committee") of
the Board of Directors to assist stockholders in understanding the Committee's
objectives and procedures in establishing the compensation of our Chief
Executive Officer and our other senior officers.
The Committee is comprised of 2 non-employee directors. The Committee's
responsibility is to review and to recommend to the Board of Directors the
compensation levels of the Chief Executive Officer and our other senior
officers, to evaluate the performance of management and to consider management
succession and related matters. The Committee also establishes the policies and
programs that determine the compensation of our officers and other employees.
The Committee sets base cash compensation and bonus compensation on an annual
basis for the Chief Executive Officer and our other executive officers and
employees. In addition, the Committee administers our stock incentive plan. The
Committee considers both internal data, including corporate goals and individual
performance, as well as external data from outside compensation consultants and
independent executive compensation data from comparable high technology
companies, in determining officers' compensation.
The Committee's 2000 compensation actions and policies were based on
recommendations on our executive compensation practices from Watson Wyatt, an
outside consulting firm that specializes in executive compensation, internally
generated information, comparative pay practice data, and its own review of the
status of the executive compensation program that was adopted by the Committee
in 1999. As a result of its comprehensive review, the Committee implemented
changes to increase the percentage of pay that can be earned under the annual
and long-term incentive compensation programs. To seek to better align the
executive officers' interests with those of our stockholders, the Committee also
increased the number of shares subject to stock option grants.
COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY
When creating policies and making decisions concerning executive
compensation, the Committee:
- Ensures that the executive team has clear goals and accountability with
respect to corporate performance;
- Establishes pay opportunities that are competitive based on prevailing
practices for the industry, the stage of our growth, and the labor markets
in which we operate;
- Independently assesses operating results on a regular basis in light of
our expected performance; and
- Aligns pay incentives with the long-term interests of our stockholders.
COMPENSATION PROGRAM
Our executive compensation program has 3 major components, all of which are
intended to attract, retain and motivate highly effective executives:
1. Base salary for executive officers is set annually by reviewing the
competitive pay practices of comparable high technology companies. Local
(San Francisco Bay Area) and national data are examined and taken into
account, along with the skills and performance of the individual and our
needs.
2. Cash incentive compensation is designed to motivate executives to attain
short-term and longer-term corporate, business unit and individual
management goals and is earned upon attainment of these specified
business goals.
37
3. Equity-based incentive compensation has been provided to employees and
executive officers through our stock incentive plans. Under these plans,
our officers, employees and certain consultants are eligible to be
granted stock options based on competitive market data, as well as their
responsibilities. These options allow participants to purchase shares of
our Common Stock at the market price on the date of the grant, subject to
vesting during the participant's employment with us. Employees are also
permitted to purchase shares of our Common Stock, subject to certain
limitations, at eighty-five percent (85%) of fair market value under the
Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The purpose of these stock plans is to
instill the economic incentives of ownership and to create management
incentives to improve stockholder value. Our stock option plans utilize
vesting periods to encourage employees and executives to remain with us
and to focus on longer-term results.
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER COMPENSATION
Mr. Mortensen resumed service as our Chief Executive Officer in
October 2000, at which time he succeeded Mr. Inatome in that position. In
determining the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer for the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2000, we used an industry survey of compensation paid to
chief executive officers of comparable companies, with a focus on those
companies located in the San Francisco Bay Area, as well as our corporate
individual objectives for the fiscal year. Mr. Mortensen's annual base
compensation for fiscal year 2000 was $275,000. Mr. Mortensen did not receive in
2000 an employee bonus for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000.
Mr. Mortensen did not receive a stock option grant or stock award for fiscal
year 2000.
OTHER EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
We provide certain compensation programs to executives that are also
available to other our other employees, including pre-tax savings plans and
medical/dental/vision benefits. There are no pension programs. We do not provide
executive perquisites such as club memberships.
DEDUCTIBILITY OF EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code") limits the
federal income tax deductibility of compensation paid to our chief executive and
to each of the other four most highly compensated executive officers. For this
purpose, compensation can include, in addition to cash compensation, the
difference between the exercise price of stock options and the value of the
underlying stock on the date of exercise. We may deduct compensation with
respect to any of these individuals only to the extent that during any fiscal
year such compensation does not exceed $1 million or meets certain other
conditions (such as stockholder approval). Considering our current compensation
plans and policy, rStar and the Committee believe that, for the near future,
there is little risk that we will lose any significant tax deduction relating to
executive compensation. If the deductibility of executive compensation becomes a
significant issue, our compensation plans and policy will be modified to
maximize deductibility if rStar and the Committee determine that such action is
in our best interest.
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE OF THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Michael Arnouse
Charles Appleby
38
STOCK PRICE PERFORMANCE GRAPH
The following graph compares the cumulative total return to stockholders on
our Common Stock with the cumulative return of the Nasdaq Composite Stock Market
Index (the "Nasdaq Composite Index") and the Chase H&Q Internet 100 Index (the
"H&Q 100 Index"). The graph assumes that $100 was invested on October 20, 1999
in our Common Stock, the Nasdaq Composite Index and the Chase H&Q Internet 100
Index, including reinvestment of dividends. No dividends have been declared or
paid on our Common Stock. Historic price performance is not indicative of future
stock price performance.
COMPARISON OF 14 MONTH CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN* AMONG RSTAR CORPORATION, THE
NASDAQ STOCK MARKET (U.S.) INDEX AND THE JP MORGAN H&Q INTERNET INDEX
EDGAR REPRESENTATION OF DATA POINTS USED IN PRINTED GRAPHIC
NASDAQ STOCK JP MORGAN
RSTAR CORP. MARKET (U.S.) H & Q INTERNET
10/20/99 $100.00 $100.00 $100.00
12/99 $78.41 $145.70 $190.23
12/00 $5.12 $87.68 $73.19
*$100 invested on 10/29/99 in stock or index--including reinvestment of
dividends. Fiscal year ending December 31.
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
INTERLOCKS AND
INSIDER PARTICIPATION
The Compensation Committee is comprised solely of outside Directors. The
Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors consists of Mr. Arnouse, as
Chairman, and Mr. Appleby. None of our executive officers served on the
compensation committee of another entity or on any other committee of the board
of directors of another entity performing similar functions during the last
fiscal year.
39
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS
The following table sets forth as of April 2, 2001 certain information
relating to the ownership of our Common Stock by: (i) each person known by us to
be the beneficial owner of more than five percent (5%) of the outstanding shares
of rStar Common Stock; (ii) each of our directors; (iii) each of the officers
named in the Executive Compensation Table on page 35, hereof; and (iv) all of
our directors and executive officers as a group.
SHARES PERCENTAGE
BENEFICIALLY BENEFICIALLY
5% STOCKHOLDERS, DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS OWNED (1) OWNED
- --------------------------------------- ------------ ------------
5% STOCKHOLDERS (2):
Gilat Satellite Networks, Ltd. (3).................... 22,418,091 51.0%
1651 Old Meadow Road
McLean Virginia 22102
Lance Mortensen (4)................................... 6,630,875 14.9%
Michael Arnouse (5)................................... 3,617,554 8.1%
545 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10022
DIRECTORS:
Charles Appleby (6)................................... 813,335 1.8%
9250 Baymeadows Road
Suite 220
Jacksonville, FL 32256
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS:
Robert Edwards (7).................................... 63,028 *
Christophe Morin (8).................................. 33,854 *
Jay Scott (9)......................................... 53,042 *
David Wallace (10).................................... 14,400 *
All directors and executive officers as a group (7
persons)............................................ 11,226,088 25.3%
- ------------------------
* Less than 1%
(1) The number of shares owned is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 of
the Exchange Act, and the information is not necessarily indicative of
beneficial ownership for any other purpose. Under such rule, beneficial
ownership includes any shares as to which the individual or entity has
voting power or investment power and also any shares which the individual or
entity has the right to acquire within 60 days of April 2, 2001 through the
exercise of any stock option or other right. Unless otherwise indicated in
the footnotes, each person has sole voting and investment power (or shares
such powers with his or her spouse) with respect to the shares shown as
beneficially owned.
(2) Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each of the individuals or
entities named above is: c/o rStar Corporation, 3000 Executive Parkway,
Suite 150, San Ramon, CA 94583.
(3) Based on Schedule 13D/A filed with the SEC on February 23, 2001, Gilat held
shared voting as to 22,418,091 of such shares. Gilat had no sole voting,
sole dispositive, or shared dispositive power over such shares.
40
(4) Includes options to purchase 200,000 shares of our Common Stock exercisable
within 60 days of April 2, 2001. Mr. Mortensen is Chairman of the Board,
Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company.
(5) Includes options to purchase 40,000 shares of our Common Stock exercisable
within 60 days of April 2, 2001. Mr. Arnouse is a director of rStar.
(6) Includes options to purchase 6,667 shares of our Common Stock exercisable
within 60 days of April 2, 2001. Mr. Appleby is a director of rStar.
(7) Includes options to purchase 62,500 shares of our Common Stock exercisable
within 60 days of April 2, 2001. Mr. Edwards is Senior Vice President,
Administration and Chief Financial Officer of rStar.
(8) Includes options to purchase 33,854 shares of our Common Stock exercisable
within 60 days of April 2, 2001. Mr. Morin is Vice President, Marketing of
rStar.
(9) Includes options to purchase 51,042 shares of our Common Stock exercisable
within 60 days of April 2, 2001. Mr. Scott is Chief Operating Officer of
rStar.
(10) Includes options to purchase 13,950 shares of our Common Stock exercisable
within 60 days of April 2, 2001. Mr. Wallace is Vice President, General
Counsel and Secretary of rStar.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
STOCK TRANSACTIONS
Since January 2000, as part of our normal review and determination of
compensation, we have granted the following options to our executive officers:
- In April 2000 and June 2000, Robert Edwards, Senior Vice President,
Administration and Chief Financial Officer, was granted options to
purchase 200,000 and 50,000 shares, respectively, of our Common Stock at
an exercise price of $4.75 and $2.63 per share, respectively. These
options vest over 4 years at a rate of one-fourth on the anniversary of
the vesting commencement date and monthly thereafter;
- In June 2000, Christophe Morin, Vice President of Marketing, was granted
options to purchase 125,000 shares of our Common Stock at an exercise
price of $2.63 per share. These options vest over 4 years at a rate of
one-fourth on the anniversary of the vesting commencement date and monthly
thereafter;
- In June 2000, David Wallace, Vice President, General Counsel and
Secretary, was granted options to purchase 30,000 shares of our Common
Stock at an exercise price of $2.63 per share. These options vest over 4
years at a rate of one-fourth on the anniversary of the vesting
commencement date and monthly thereafter;
- In June 2000, R. Kimberly Gaynor, former Chief Operating Officer, was
granted options to purchase 100,000 shares of our Common Stock at an
exercise price of $2.63 per share. These options vest over 4 years at a
rate of one-fourth on the anniversary of the vesting commencement date and
monthly thereafter. The options to purchase 100,000 shares of Common Stock
were subsequently cancelled.
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
In October 2000, we entered into a 3-year employment agreement with Lance
Mortensen in connection with his assumption of the position of President and
Chief Executive Officer. Our agreement with Mr. Mortensen provides that, in the
event we terminate his employment without cause
41
or he terminates his employment for "good reason" as defined in the agreement,
then he will receive 200% of his current base salary, plus 200% of any
performance-based bonus to which he would have been entitled to receive as an
employee, plus 100% vesting of his options and continuation of certain employee
health benefits for the remaining term of the agreement.
In October 2000, we entered into a 2-year consulting agreement with Rick
Inatome, our former Chief Executive Officer. The agreement provides that
Mr. Inatome will receive the annual base salary he received as Chief Executive
Officer, an office and secretarial support for the duration of the agreement. In
addition, Mr. Inatome's options to purchase 200,000 shares of common stock were
cancelled and our right to repurchase his restricted stock was terminated.
OTHER TRANSACTIONS
In October 2000, we entered into a Settlement Agreement and Mutual Release
with Bruce Bower, our former Senior Vice President of Business and Corporate
Development. The agreement provides that Mr. Bower will render consulting
services beginning October 12, 2000 through July 12, 2001 in exchange for
bi-monthly payments of $8,333.33 to Mr. Bower and continuation of certain health
benefits. Such payments are creditable against consulting services Mr. Bower
provides to us. The agreement also provides that options to purchase 315,000
shares of our Common Stock previously granted to Mr. Bower will continue to vest
at the same rate and become exercisable on July 12, 2001. The agreement further
provides that we and Mr. Bower have released all potential claims against each
other in connection with Mr. Bower's employment with us and any matters related
to that employment.
In October 2000, we entered into a Settlement Agreement and Mutual Release
with Donald Kingsborough, our former Senior Vice President Sales and Marketing.
The agreement provides that Mr. Kingsborough received a lump-sum payment of
$128,333 equal to 7 months base salary and continuation of certain health
benefits until May 2001. The agreement further provides that we and Mr.
Kingsborough have released all potential claims against each other in connection
with Mr. Kingsborough's employment with us and any matters related to that
employment.
In October 2000, we entered into a Settlement Agreement and Mutual Release
with David Lundberg, our former Vice President and Chief Technology Officer. The
agreement provides that Mr. Lundberg received a lump-sum payment of $123,750
equal to 9 months base salary and continuation of certain health benefits until
April 2001. The agreement also provides that options to purchase 200,000 shares
of our Common Stock previously granted to Mr. Lundberg would continue to vest at
the same rate and become exercisable on April 1, 2001. The agreement further
provides that we and Mr. Lundberg have released all potential claims against
each other in connection with Mr. Lundberg's employment with us and any matters
related to that employment.
We have paid Aquatic Innovations, Inc., approximately $94,000 for office
equipment rental and other expenses incurred on our behalf in 2000.
Mr. Mortensen is the owner of Aquatic Innovations, Inc.
42
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Report on Form 10-K:
1. Financial Statements. Our following consolidated financial statements, and
related notes thereto, and the Report of Independent Auditors are included
in Part IV of this Report on the pages indicated by the Index to Financial
Statements as presented on page F-1 of this Report.
Report of Grant Thornton LLP, Independent Auditors
Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors
Consolidated Balance Sheets--December 31, 2000 and 1999
Consolidated Statements of Operations--Fiscal Years Ended December 31,
2000, 1999, and 1998
Consolidated Statement of Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)--Fiscal Years Ended December 31, 2000,
1999, and 1998
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows--Fiscal Years Ended December 31,
2000, 1999 and 1998
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
2. Financial Statement Schedule.
Schedules have been omitted since they are either not required, not
applicable or the information is otherwise included in the Consolidated
Financial Statements or notes thereto.
3. Exhibits: See Item 14(c) below.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K.
On February 13, 2001, we filed a Report on Form 8-K to announce
that on January 11, 2001 Gilat Satellite Networks, Ltd., an
Israeli corporation, acquired control of ZapMe! Corporation.
(c) Exhibits. The exhibits listed on the accompanying index to exhibits
immediately following the financial statement schedules are filed as part
of, or incorporated by reference into, this Form 10-K.
(d) Financial Statement Schedules. See Item 14(a) above.
43
rStar Corporation
Index to Financial Statements
Report of Grant Thornton LLP, Independent Auditors.......... F-2
Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors........... F-3
Consolidated Balance Sheets................................. F-4
Consolidated Statements of Operations....................... F-5
Consolidated Statement of Redeemable Convertible Preferred
Stock and Stockholders' Equity (Deficit).................. F-6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows....................... F-7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.................. F-8
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
rStar Corporation
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of rStar
Corporation as of December 31, 2000, and the related consolidated statements of
operations, redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders' equity and
cash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of
rStar Corporation at December 31, 2000, and the results of its consolidated
operations and its consolidated cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2000
in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
of America.
/s/ Grant Thornton LLP
San Francisco, California
March 27, 2001
F-2
REPORT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
rStar Corporation
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of rStar
Corporation (formerly known as ZapMe! Corporation) as of December 31, 1999 and
the related consolidated statements of operations, redeemable convertible
preferred stock and stockholders' equity (deficit) and cash flows for each of
the two years in the period ended December 31, 1999. These financial statements
are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform
the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements
are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An
audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of rStar
Corporation at December 31, 1999 and the consolidated results of their
operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended
December 31, 1999 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States.
/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Walnut Creek, California
January 28, 2000,
except for Note 2,
as to which the date is
March 27, 2001.
F-3
RSTAR CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31,
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
2000 1999
---------- ----------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents................................. $ 48,406 $112,714
Receivables............................................... 123 --
Prepaid expenses and other current assets................. 452 427
--------- --------
Total current assets........................................ 48,981 113,141
Equipment, net............................................ 4,507 2,866
Restricted cash........................................... 577 565
Other assets.............................................. 1,516 529
Net assets of discontinued operations..................... 18,242 34,091
--------- --------
Total assets................................................ $ 73,823 $151,192
========= ========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable.......................................... $ 1,790 $ 2,307
Accrued and other liabilities............................. 13,575 8,487
Accrued compensation and related expenses................. 2,056 1,723
Current portion of capital lease obligations.............. 4,853 7,377
Current portion of capital lease obligations--related
party................................................... 18,834 3,693
--------- --------
Total current liabilities................................... 41,108 23,587
Capital lease obligations, less current portion........... 3,358 5,324
Capital lease obligations--related party, less current
portion................................................. 17,187 7,968
--------- --------
Total liabilities........................................... 61,653 36,879
Minority interest in subsidiary............................. 595 --
Stockholders' equity :
Convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value
Authorized shares--5,000,000, none issued and outstanding
at December 31, 2000 and 1999........................... -- --
Common stock, $0.01 par value
Authorized shares--200,000,000,
Issued and outstanding shares 43,957,709 at December 31,
2000 and 43,803,781 at December 31, 1999.............. 440 438
Additional Paid-in-Capital.............................. 180,778 183,327
Deferred stock compensation............................. (665) (11,642)
Notes receivable from stockholders...................... (6,500) (6,500)
Accumulated deficit..................................... (162,478) (51,310)
--------- --------
Total stockholders' equity.................................. 11,575 114,313
--------- --------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity.................. $ 73,823 $151,192
========= ========
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-4
RSTAR CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
2000 1999 1998
--------- -------- --------
Costs and expenses:
Sales and marketing....................................... $ 399 $ -- $ --
General and administrative................................ 5,614 673 86
Research and development.................................. 817 -- --
--------- -------- -------
Total costs and expenses.................................... 6,830 673 86
--------- -------- -------
Loss from operations........................................ (6,830) (673) (86)
Other income (expense), net................................. 160 347 --
Interest income............................................. 5,259 1,812 13
Interest (expense).......................................... (5,447) (1,183) (49)
--------- -------- -------
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income
taxes..................................................... (6,858) 303 (122)
Provision for income taxes.................................. -- (121) --
--------- -------- -------
(Loss) Income from continuing operations.................... (6,858) 182 (122)
Loss from discontinued operations........................... (104,097) (27,309) (4,909)
--------- -------- -------
Net loss.................................................... (110,955) (27,127) (5,031)
Deemed dividend on preferred stock.......................... -- (7,815) (606)
Beneficial conversion of Series E preferred stock........... -- (10,150) --
Dividend on Series A preferred stock........................ (213) -- --
--------- -------- -------
Net loss applicable to common stockholders.................. $(111,168) $(45,092) $(5,637)
========= ======== =======
Basic and diluted loss per common share:
Loss from continuing operations........................... $ (0.16) $ (0.91) $ (0.06)
Loss from discontinued operations......................... (2.40) (1.39) (0.42)
--------- -------- -------
Net loss per share........................................ $ (2.56) $ (2.30) $ (0.48)
========= ======== =======
Shares used in calculation of net loss per common share:
Basic and diluted........................................... 43,348 19,607 11,685
========= ======== =======
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-5
RSTAR CORPORATION
Consolidated Statement of Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
(In thousands, except share amounts)
REDEEMABLE
CONVERTIBLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED
PREFERRED STOCK STOCK
-------------------- --------------------------
SHARES AMOUNT SHARES AMOUNT
--------- -------- ----------- ------------
Balances at January 1, 1998................................. -- $ -- -- $ --
Issuance of Series A preferred stock for conversion of
note payable, net of issuance costs of $11.............. -- -- 9,097,671 899
Issuance of Series B preferred stock for conversion of
notes payable, net of issuance costs of $4.............. -- -- 160,000 396
Issuance of Series C redeemable convertible preferred
stock, net of issuance costs of $254.................... 600,000 2,746 -- --
Issuance of Series D preferred stock, net of issuance
costs of $12............................................ -- -- 300,000 1,488
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options... -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock for services for note
receivable.............................................. -- -- -- --
Deferred stock compensation............................... -- -- -- --
Amortization of deferred stock compensation............... -- -- -- --
Accretion of redeemable convertible preferred stock....... -- 531 -- --
Accrued Series C dividends................................ -- 75 -- --
Net loss.................................................. -- -- -- --
--------- ------- ----------- ------------
Balances at December 31, 1998............................... 600,000 3,352 9,557,671 2,783
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options... -- -- -- --
Issuance of Series D preferred stock net of issuance costs
of $1,834............................................... -- -- 5,554,110 25,937
Issuance of Series D preferred stock for conversion of
note payable............................................ -- -- 40,000 200
Issuance of Series E preferred stock, net of issuance of
$26..................................................... -- -- 2,030,000 10,124
Issuance of common stock options to non-employees in
consideration for services rendered..................... -- -- -- --
Warrants issued in connection with lease financing &
services agreements..................................... -- -- -- --
Deferred stock compensation............................... -- -- -- --
Amortization of deferred stock compensation............... -- -- -- --
Accretion of redeemable convertible preferred stock....... -- 1,276 -- --
Accretion of guaranteed return............................ -- 1,792 -- --
Accrued Series C dividends................................ -- 258 -- --
Accrued dividends on Series D and E....................... -- -- -- 4,489
Deemed dividend on preferred stock........................ -- -- -- 10,150
Issuance of common stock upon initial public offering..... -- -- -- --
Issuance of shares to stockholders for note receivable.... -- -- -- --
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock upon initial
public offering......................................... (600,000) (6,678) (17,181,781) (53,683)
Net loss.................................................. -- -- -- --
--------- ------- ----------- ------------
Balances at December 31, 1999............................... -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of common stock
options................................................. -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock in connection with
LearningGate.com acquisition............................ -- -- -- --
Repurchase of common stock................................ -- -- -- --
Amortization of Deferred Stock Compensation for stock
options and warrants.................................... -- -- -- --
Cancellation of stock options............................. -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock in connection with Employee Stock
Purchase Plan........................................... -- -- -- --
Net loss.................................................. -- -- -- --
Dividends on Series A preferred shares.................... -- -- -- --
--------- ------- ----------- ------------
Balances at December 31, 2000............................... -- $ -- -- $ --
========= ======= =========== ============
COMMON STOCK
--------------------- ADDITIONAL DEFERRED STOCK
SHARES AMOUNT PAID-IN-CAPITAL COMPENSATION
---------- -------- --------------- --------------
Balances at January 1, 1998................................. 11,858,730 119 $ (50) $ --
Issuance of Series A preferred stock for conversion of
note payable, net of issuance costs of $11.............. -- -- -- --
Issuance of Series B preferred stock for conversion of
notes payable, net of issuance costs of $4.............. -- -- -- --
Issuance of Series C redeemable convertible preferred
stock, net of issuance costs of $254.................... -- -- -- --
Issuance of Series D preferred stock, net of issuance
costs of $12............................................ -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options... 1,000,000 10 6 --
Issuance of common stock for services for note
receivable.............................................. 1,350,000 14 3,523 (3,375)
Deferred stock compensation............................... -- -- 2,590 (2,590)
Amortization of deferred stock compensation............... -- -- -- 1,065
Accretion of redeemable convertible preferred stock....... -- -- -- --
Accrued Series C dividends................................ -- -- -- --
Net loss.................................................. -- -- -- --
---------- -------- -------- --------
Balances at December 31, 1998............................... 14,208,730 143 6,069 (4,900)
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options... 222,558 2 73 --
Issuance of Series D preferred stock net of issuance costs
of $1,834............................................... -- -- -- --
Issuance of Series D preferred stock for conversion of
note payable............................................ -- -- -- --
Issuance of Series E preferred stock, net of issuance of
$26..................................................... -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock options to non-employees in
consideration for services rendered..................... -- -- 388 --
Warrants issued in connection with lease financing &
services agreements..................................... -- -- 2,701 (782)
Deferred stock compensation............................... -- -- 12,016 (12,016)
Amortization of deferred stock compensation............... -- -- -- 6,056
Accretion of redeemable convertible preferred stock....... -- -- -- --
Accretion of guaranteed return............................ -- -- -- --
Accrued Series C dividends................................ -- -- -- --
Accrued dividends on Series D and E....................... -- -- -- --
Deemed dividend on preferred stock........................ -- -- -- --
Issuance of common stock upon initial public offering..... 9,488,753 95 95,417 --
Issuance of shares to stockholders for note receivable.... 1,300,000 13 6,487 --
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock upon initial
public offering......................................... 18,583,740 185 60,176 --
Net loss.................................................. -- -- -- --
---------- -------- -------- --------
Balances at December 31, 1999............................... 43,803,781 438 183,327 (11,642)
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of common stock
options................................................. 425,541 4 412 --
Issuance of common stock in connection with
LearningGate.com acquisition............................ 999,958 10 2,740 --
Repurchase of common stock................................ (1,350,000) (13) (148) 5,239
Amortization of Deferred Stock Compensation for stock
options and warrants.................................... -- -- -- --
Cancellation of stock options............................. -- -- (5,738) 5,738
Issuance of common stock in connection with Employee Stock
Purchase Plan........................................... 78,429 1 185 --
Net loss.................................................. -- -- -- --
Dividends on Series A preferred shares.................... -- -- -- --
---------- -------- -------- --------
Balances at December 31, 2000............................... 43,957,709 $ 440 $180,778 $ (665)
========== ======== ======== ========
NOTES TOTAL
RECEIVABLE STOCKHOLDERS'
FROM ACCUMULATED EQUITY
STOCKHOLDERS DEFICIT (DEFICIT)
------------ ------------ -------------
Balances at January 1, 1998................................. $ -- $ (581) $ (512)
Issuance of Series A preferred stock for conversion of
note payable, net of issuance costs of $11.............. -- -- 899
Issuance of Series B preferred stock for conversion of
notes payable, net of issuance costs of $4.............. -- -- 396
Issuance of Series C redeemable convertible preferred
stock, net of issuance costs of $254.................... -- -- --
Issuance of Series D preferred stock, net of issuance
costs of $12............................................ -- -- 1,488
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options... -- -- 16
Issuance of common stock for services for note
receivable.............................................. -- -- 162
Deferred stock compensation............................... -- -- --
Amortization of deferred stock compensation............... -- -- 1,065
Accretion of redeemable convertible preferred stock....... -- (531) (531)
Accrued Series C dividends................................ -- (75) (75)
Net loss.................................................. -- (5,031) (5,031)
--------- --------- ---------
Balances at December 31, 1998............................... -- (6,218) (2,123)
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options... -- -- 75
Issuance of Series D preferred stock net of issuance costs
of $1,834............................................... -- -- 25,937
Issuance of Series D preferred stock for conversion of
note payable............................................ -- -- 200
Issuance of Series E preferred stock, net of issuance of
$26..................................................... -- -- 10,124
Issuance of common stock options to non-employees in
consideration for services rendered..................... -- -- 388
Warrants issued in connection with lease financing &
services agreements..................................... -- -- 1,919
Deferred stock compensation............................... -- -- --
Amortization of deferred stock compensation............... -- -- 6,056
Accretion of redeemable convertible preferred stock....... -- (1,276) (1,276)
Accretion of guaranteed return............................ -- (1,792) (1,792)
Accrued Series C dividends................................ -- (258) (258)
Accrued dividends on Series D and E....................... -- (4,489) --
Deemed dividend on preferred stock........................ -- (10,150) --
Issuance of common stock upon initial public offering..... -- -- 95,512
Issuance of shares to stockholders for note receivable.... (6,500) -- --
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock upon initial
public offering......................................... -- -- 6,678
Net loss.................................................. -- (27,127) (27,127)
--------- --------- ---------
Balances at December 31, 1999............................... (6,500) (51,310) 114,313
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of common stock
options................................................. -- -- 416
Issuance of common stock in connection with
LearningGate.com acquisition............................ -- -- 2,750
Repurchase of common stock................................ -- -- (161)
Amortization of Deferred Stock Compensation for stock
options and warrants.................................... -- -- 5,239
Cancellation of stock options............................. -- -- --
Issuance of common stock in connection with Employee Stock
Purchase Plan........................................... -- -- 186
Net loss.................................................. -- (110,955) (110,955)
Dividends on Series A preferred shares.................... -- (213) (213)
---------
Balances at December 31, 2000............................... $ (6,500) $(162,478) $ 11,575
========= ========= =========
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-6
RSTAR CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(DOLLARS ARE IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE FIGURES)
2000 1999 1998
-------- -------- --------
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net (loss) income from continuing operations................ $ (6,858) $ 182 $ (122)
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income from continuing
operations to net cash (used in) provided by operating
activities:
Amortization of deferred stock compensation............... 180 -- --
Depreciation.............................................. 1,617 673 86
Warrants issued for services.............................. -- 388 --
Common stock issuded for services......................... -- 122 --
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Receivables............................................... (73) -- --
Prepaid expenses and other current assets................. (25) (422) (4)
Other assets.............................................. (987) (489) (22)
Accounts payable.......................................... (517) 952 1,228
Accrued expenses and other liabilities.................... 5,097 8,301 156
Accrued compensation and related expenses................. 333 1,277 204
-------- -------- -------
Net cash provided by
(used in) operating activities from continued
operations................................................ (1,233) 10,984 1,526
Net cash used in operating activities
from discontinued operations.............................. (35,561) (22,988) (3,858)
-------- -------- -------
NET CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES..... (36,794) (12,004) (2,332)
-------- -------- -------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of equipment....................................... (3,085) (1,076) (473)
Restricted cash............................................. (12) (565) --
Purchase business combinations.............................. (3,037) --
-------- -------- -------
Net cash used in investing activities from continued
operations................................................ (6,134) (1,641) (437)
Net cash used in investing activities
from discontinued operations.............................. (1,081) (3,896) (1,897)
-------- -------- -------
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES....................... (7,215) (5,537) (2,370)
-------- -------- -------
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Payments on lease obligations............................... (15,027) (2,533) (3)
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net.............. -- 36,261 4,229
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock, net............. 602 95,512 178
Proceeds from borrowings on notes payable................... -- 700 1,000
Payments on notes payable................................... -- (500) (162)
Redemption of preferred stock in subsidiary................. (5,500) -- --
Payments of dividends....................................... (213) -- --
-------- -------- -------
REPURCHASE OF COMMON STOCK.................................. (161) -- --
Net cash provided by
(used in) financing activities............................ (20,299) 129,440 5,242
-------- -------- -------
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents............ (64,308) 111,899 540
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year.............. 112,714 815 275
-------- -------- -------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year.................... $ 48,406 $112,714 $ 815
======== ======== =======
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES:
Non cash investing and financing activities:
Conversion of notes payable to stockholders to preferred
stock..................................................... $ -- $ 200 $ 1,300
Issuance of common stock for notes receivable............... $ -- $ 6,500 $ 162
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock, net of
issuance costs............................................ $ -- $ 60,361 $ --
Accretion and dividends on convertible preferred stock...... $ -- $ 7,815 $ 606
Deemed dividend on preferred stock.......................... $ -- $ 10,150 $ --
Equipment purchased through capital lease agreements........ $ 27,644 $ 26,508 $ 390
Warrants issued in connection with lease financing and
service agreements........................................ $ -- $ 2,701 $ --
Stock options issued in connection with consulting
agreement................................................. $ -- $ 388 $ --
Cash paid for interest...................................... $ 4,577 $ 975 $ 26
Preferred stock in subsidiary issued in purchase of
eFundraising.com.......................................... $ 6,095 $ -- $ --
Common stock issued in purchase of LearningGate.com......... $ 2,750 $ -- $ --
See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
F-7
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY
rStar Corporation, previously known as ZapMe! Corporation, was founded in
June 1997 for the principal purpose of building an advertiser-supported network
serving the education market. Over time we built a broadband Internet media
network specializing in education and acquired two businesses that served the
education market (together, the "School business"). The advertiser-supported
network serving the education market generated revenue via commercial
advertising on Company installed, networked computer labs in schools. In
connection with this business, we provided free Internet media network service
and computer equipment to schools. In July, 2000, we began the development of a
service to build and manage industry-specific, satellite-based networks for
commercial entities using customized managed browser technology to communicate
with their vendors and customers via Internet access, in a managed environment.
The services we expect to provide include remote high-speed Internet access,
data delivery, high-quality video and other network services bundled and
delivered through dedicated Internet media networks. ("Commercial business"). In
October 2000, we decided we would no longer accept or present paid commercial
advertising directed at students and announced our plan to end the School
business. These operations, which comprise a significant portion of our assets,
and a vast majority of our revenues and expenses, are reflected in the
accompanying financial statements as discontinued operations. See Note 2.
We have focused our full efforts toward the continued development of our
Commercial business and now operate in one segment. We have experienced
operating losses since our inception as a result of our efforts to build our
network infrastructure and internal staffing, develop our systems and expand our
markets. We earned all of our revenue from our discontinued School business and,
with the discontinuance of this segment, we have eliminated our ability to earn
revenue in that segment. We plan to continue to focus on expanding our
Commercial business, which will cause our loss from continuing operations to
increase. There can be no assurance that the Commercial business will develop to
the extent that sufficient revenue will be produced.
BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The consolidated financial statements are prepared on the basis of our
School business being presented as a discontinued operation and include our
accounts and those of our wholly and majority-owned subsidiaries. All
significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in
consolidation. As stated in Note 2, in February 2001, our board of directors
approved a formal plan to sell our School business. For comparative purposes,
the consolidated statements of operations and related loss per share
information, for all periods presented, have been restated to reflect the
results of operations for the discontinued business in "Loss from discontinued
operations." The consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2000 and 1999
reflects assets and liabilities related to the School business as "Net assets of
discontinued operations". The Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the three
years ended December 31, 2000 reflects separately cash flows from discontinued
operations.
USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts of assets
and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date
of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses
during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
F-8
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and cash equivalents consist of demand deposits and money market
accounts held with a financial institution and highly rated commercial paper
with original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase.
Restricted cash consists of security deposits made against letters of credit
issued in connection with lease agreements.
CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of
credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. We maintain our cash
balances primarily in one financial institution in California, which at times
exceeds federally insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in such
accounts. We believe we are not exposed to any significant credit risk on our
cash and cash equivalents. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our
customers and generally do not require collateral.
EQUIPMENT
Equipment is stated at cost and is depreciated using the straight-line
method over estimated useful lives of three to seven years. Depreciation of
capital leases is expensed using the straight-line method over the life of the
lease or of the asset, whichever is shorter.
LONG-LIVED ASSETS
In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard ("SFAS")
No. 121 "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Long-Lived
Assets to be Disposed of," we review long-lived assets for impairment whenever
events or circumstances indicate the carrying value of asset may not be
recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized when estimated future cash flows
expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are
less than its carrying amount.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
We account for software development costs in accordance with SFAS No. 86,
"Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to be sold, Leased, or Otherwise
Marketed," under which certain software development costs incurred subsequent to
the establishment of technological feasibility are capitalized and amortized
over the estimated lives of the related products. Technological feasibility is
established upon completion of a working model. To date, costs incurred
subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility have not been
significant, and all software development costs related to the School business
have been charged to research and development expense and classified in loss
from discontinued operations. To date, we have not achieved technological
feasibility for development costs incurred related to continuing operations.
Accordingly, such development costs have been charged to research and
development expense in the accompanying statement of operations.
We charge all costs related to the development of internal use of software
to operations as incurred, other than those incurred during the application
development stage. Costs incurred during the application development stage were
insignificant for all periods presented.
F-9
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
REVENUE RECOGNITION
Our continuing operations did not generate revenue in the periods presented.
Revenue from discontinued operations reported in Note 2 is comprised of multiple
sources. Sponsorship or advertising revenue was recognized ratably over the
period the advertising was delivered unless the advertising or sponsorship is
based on a minimum number of impressions, in which case revenue was recognized
on the basis of impressions delivered. Network services and other revenue
consisted of revenue from the distribution of content and products delivered
through our network and from educational programs delivered in Company labs such
as teacher training, tutoring and other educational programs offered through
strategic alliances. Network services and other revenue was recognized in the
time period in which the underlying service was delivered. Revenue from school
fundraising services and supplies was recognized upon shipment or delivery of
services and consisted of proceeds derived from the sales of fundraising kits
and supplies to schools and school organizations.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
We account for compensation expense for employees and non-employee directors
compensation plans using the intrinsic value method and provide pro forma
disclosures of net loss and net loss per share as if the fair value method has
been applied in measuring compensation expense.
The value of warrants, options or stock exchanges for services are expensed
over the period benefited. Warrants and options for services received from
non-employees are valued at fair value based on the Black-Scholes option pricing
model.
INCOME TAXES
We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method in
accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and
liabilities are measured based on the difference between the financial statement
and income tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates and laws
that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse.
NET LOSS PER SHARE
Basic loss per share has been computed using net loss, less accretion and
dividends on preferred stock, divided by the weighted-average number of common
shares outstanding during the period, less shares subject to repurchase, and
excludes stock options, warrants, and convertible securities.
F-10
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
The calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share is as follows (in
thousands, except for per share amounts):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------------------------
2000 1999 1998
-------------- -------------- --------------
Net (loss) Income from continuing
operations................................. $ (6,858) $ 182 $ (122)
Accretion and dividends on convertible
preferred stock............................ -- (7,815) (606)
Beneficial conversion of Series E preferred
Stock...................................... -- (10,150) --
Dividend on Series A preferred stock......... (213) -- --
--------- -------- -------
Loss applicable to common stockholders--
continuing operations...................... $ (7,071) $(17,783) $ (728)
Loss from discontinued operations............ (104,097) (27,309) (4,909)
--------- -------- -------
Loss applicable to common stockholders....... $(111,168) $(45,092) $(5,637)
========= ======== =======
Weighted-average shares of common stock
outstanding................................ 44,475 20,354 12,739
Less: weighted-average shares subject to
repurchase................................. 1,127 747 1,054
--------- -------- -------
Weighted-average shares of common stock
outstanding used in computing basic and
diluted net loss per common share.......... 43,348 19,607 11,685
========= ======== =======
Basic and diluted net loss per common share
from continuing operations................. $ (0.16) $ (0.91) $ (0.06)
Basic and diluted net loss per common share
from discontinued operations............... (2.40) (1.39) (0.42)
--------- -------- -------
Basic and diluted net loss per common
share...................................... $ (2.56) $ (2.30) $ (0.48)
========= ======== =======
We have excluded all convertible preferred stock, warrants to purchase
common and preferred convertible stock, outstanding stock options and stock
subject to repurchase from the calculation of diluted net loss per common share
because all such securities are antidilutive for all periods presented.
The securities excluded from the calculations of diluted net loss per common
share are as follows:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------
2000 1999 1998
--------- --------- ---------
Convertible preferred stock................................. 169,920 -- --
TARSAPS..................................................... 1,040,000 -- --
Stock options............................................... 2,500,209 3,344,040 665,273
Warrants to purchase stock.................................. 800,000 685,625 272,727
--------- --------- ---------
Total....................................................... 4,510,129 4,029,665 938,000
========= ========= =========
F-11
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED)
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The following methods and assumptions were used by us in estimating our fair
value disclosure for financial instruments:
Cash and Cash Equivalents: The carrying amount recorded in the balance sheet
for cash and cash equivalents approximates our fair value due to the short-term
nature of such instruments.
Notes Receivable from Stockholders: The fair value of the notes receivable
from stockholders is not determinable due to the related party nature of the
instrument.
EFFECT OF NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
In June 1998, the FASB issued SFAS No. 133 ("SFAS 133"), "Accounting for
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," which established accounting and
reporting standards requiring that every derivative instrument be recorded in
the balance sheet as either an asset or liability measured at our fair value.
SFAS 133, as recently amended, is effective for fiscal years beginning after
June 15, 2000. The adoption of SFAS 133 is not expected to have a material
effect on our financial position or results of operations.
2. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
In February 2001, our board of directors approved a formal plan to
discontinue and dispose of the School business. These operations, which comprise
a significant portion of our assets and a majority of our revenues and expenses,
are reflected in the accompanying financial statements as discontinued.
We have directed our full efforts toward furthering the development of our
Commercial business of building and managing large scale, satellite-based
networks for commercial customers and communities of interest.
F-12
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
2. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
The loss from discontinued operations consists of the following (in thousands):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
------------------------------------
2000 1999 1998
---------- ---------- ----------
Revenue................................................. $ 3,128 $ 1,179 $ --
Revenue from affiliates................................. 11,188 1,363 --
--------- -------- -------
Total Revenue........................................... 14,316 2,542 --
Costs and expenses:
Costs of revenues..................................... 29,750 7,653 135
Sales and marketing................................... 10,552 7,401 1,197
General and administrative............................ 21,489 6,158 1,372
Research and development.............................. 6,318 2,583 1,140
Amortization of goodwill.............................. 2,387 -- --
Amortization of deferred stock compensation........... 4,977 6,056 1,065
--------- -------- -------
Total costs and expenses................................ 75,473 29,851 4,909
--------- -------- -------
Loss from discontinued operations....................... (61,157) (27,309) (4,909)
Estimated loss on disposal.............................. (42,940) -- --
--------- -------- -------
Loss from discontinued operations....................... $(104,097) $(27,309) $(4,909)
========= ======== =======
In 2000, stock-based compensation of $4,977 comprises $278 relating to sales
and marketing, $4,380 relating to general and administrative, and $319 relating
to research and development. In 1999, stock-based compensation of $6,056
comprises $1,187 relating to sales and marketing, $4,370 relating to general and
administrative, and $499 relating to research and development. In 1998,
stock-based compensation of $1,065 comprises $41 relating to sales and
marketing, $988 relating to general and administrative, and $36 relating to
research and development.
The estimated loss on disposal is comprised of asset impairment charges,
including goodwill related to acquisitions (see Note 8), of $34.2 million and
estimated future net operating losses from January 1, 2001 to the expected
disposal date (June 2001) of $7.3 million. Severance and other estimated
expenses comprise the $1.4 million remainder. Of the asset impairment charge,
$25.9 million relates to network and computer equipment currently in schools.
This charge has been recorded to reduce the carrying value of that equipment to
fair value less costs to sell based on an estimated value that could be obtained
upon a sale of the equipment as a whole. While we have based our estimates on
the best information available, the amounts we will ultimately realize on
disposal of that equipment and incur on operating the discontinued segment until
disposition could differ materially in the near term from the amounts assumed in
arriving at the estimated loss on disposal.
F-13
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
2. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
The balance sheet analysis for discontinued operations is as follows (in
thousands):
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------
2000 1999
-------------- --------------
Net assets of discontinued operations consist of the
following:
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents................................. $ 97 $ --
Accounts receivable....................................... 556 1,500
Other receivables......................................... 311 3,478
Prepaid expenses and other current assets................. 444 374
------- -------
Total current assets...................................... 1,408 5,352
Equipment, net.............................................. 15,485 27,527
Other assets................................................ 772 1,212
Goodwill.................................................... 1,200 --
------- -------
Total assets................................................ 18,865 34,091
Total current liabilities................................... (623) (--)
------- -------
Net assets of discontinued operations....................... $18,242 $34,091
======= =======
3. EQUIPMENT
Equipment attributable to our continuing operations consists of the
following (in thousands):
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
2000 1999
-------- --------
Computer and office equipment.............................. $ 5,294 $2,823
Furniture and fixtures..................................... 1,599 812
------- ------
6,893 3,635
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization............. (2,386) (769)
------- ------
$ 4,507 $2,866
======= ======
Equipment includes $1,940,000 and $1,717,000 of computer and office
equipment recorded under capital lease obligations at December 31, 2000 and
1999, respectively. Accumulated depreciation for such equipment as of
December 31, 2000 and 1999 was $813,000 and $252,000, respectively.
F-14
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
4. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred Stock
Preferred stock consisted of the following by Series:
DECEMBER 31, 1998
-------------------------------------
SHARES ISSUED AND
AUTHORIZED SHARES OUTSTANDING
----------------- -----------------
Series
- ---------------------------------------------
A convertible................................ 9,097,671 9,097,671
B convertible................................ 660,000 160,000
C redeemable convertible..................... 600,000 600,000
D convertible................................ 2,500,000 300,000
---------- ----------
12,857,671 10,157,671
========== ==========
In October 1999, we completed our Initial Public Offering and all shares of
preferred stock were converted into common stock. Subsequent to the Initial
Public Offering, we authorized 5 million shares of an additional series of
preferred stock. As of December 31, 2000, no shares were issued and outstanding.
The holders of Series C preferred stock were accreted dividends in 1999.
Additionally, redemption value privileges were accreted and charged to
accumulated deficit in 1999. Holders of the series C, D, and E preferred stock
received liquidation preferences in the form of common stock in connection with
the Initial Public Offering, in the amount of 309,299, 456,902, and 35,758
shares respectively, in the aggregate amount of $8,421,000.
Because of the proximity of the issues of the Series E preferred stock to
the commencement of our Initial Public offering, we concluded that a beneficial
conversion feature was present in the preferred stock on the date of issuance.
For purposes of evaluating this beneficial conversion feature, we considered
that the value implied in the public offering price ($11.00) represented the
fair value of the common stock on the date the Series E was issued. In
accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Abstract No. 98-5, "Adjustable
Conversion Ratios," we recorded a deemed dividend charge of $10,150,000 with a
corresponding increase to Convertible Preferred Stock.
BRIDGE FINANCINGS
In February 1999, we issued a $200,000 note payable with an interest rate of
10% per annum. The principal amount was converted into 40,000 shares of
Series D preferred stock in March 1999.
In May 1998, we issued a note payable with principal totaling $400,000 and
an interest rate of 8.5% per annum with a warrant to purchase 500,000 shares of
Series B convertible preferred stock at exercise prices ranging from $3.00 to
$3.50 per share. The warrant expires in May 2003. The principal amount of the
note was converted into 160,000 shares of Series B convertible preferred stock
in August 1998.
Between August 1997 and June 1998 we issued notes payable with aggregate
principal totaling $900,000 and interest rates of 5.87% to 6.0% per annum. The
principal amount of these notes was converted into 9,097,671 shares of Series A
convertible preferred stock in August 1998.
F-15
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
4. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (CONTINUED)
STOCK PLANS
We have a 1998 Stock Plan ("Stock Plan") which provides for the granting of
stock options or shares of common stock to employees, directors and consultants.
Stock options are exercisable immediately upon issuance (subject to vesting
agreements) and generally have a term of 10 years. Unvested options are canceled
upon termination of employment. The vesting schedule and other option terms,
subject to certain Stock Plan provisions, are determined by the Compensation
Committee of the Board of Directors at the time of issuance. Stock options
generally vest over a period of between three and four years. As of
December 31, 2000, we reserved 8,900,000 shares of our common stock for issuance
under the Stock Plan. The Stock Plan provides for an annual increase in the
number of shares available for issuance on the first day of our fiscal year
beginning in fiscal year 2000 equal to the lesser of (i) 2,000,000 shares,
(ii) 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock on such date, or
(iii) such other amount as determined by the Board of Directors. As of
December 31, 2000, there were 4,636,892 shares available for grant under the
Stock Plan.
In connection with a reduction in force the stock option vesting period for
several terminated executives was extended, resulting in additional compensation
expense in 2000 of $589,000.
A summary of activity under our stock option plan is as follows:
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
---------------------------
WEIGHTED-
AVERAGE
NUMBER OF EXERCISE PRICE
SHARES PER SHARE
---------- --------------
Outstanding at January 1, 1998...................... 1,120,000 $0.02
Options granted................................... 1,720,230 0.84
Options exercised................................. (1,000,000) 0.02
Options canceled.................................. (91,000) 0.59
----------
Outstanding at December 31, 1998.................... 1,749,230 0.80
Options granted................................... 3,042,566 6.51
Options exercised................................. (222,558) 0.34
Options canceled.................................. (406,104) 1.07
----------
Outstanding at December 31, 1999.................... 4,163,134 5.39
Options granted................................... 2,389,316 3.09
Options exercised................................. (425,541) 4.76
Options canceled.................................. (3,626,700) 5.76
----------
Outstanding at December 31, 2000.................... 2,500,209 $7.79
==========
Vested and exercisable at December 31, 1998......... 152,742 $0.42
Vested and exercisable at December 31, 1999......... 455,126 $1.60
Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2000......... 999,992 $4.02
F-16
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
4. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (CONTINUED)
The following table summarizes information concerning outstanding and
exercisable options at December 31, 2000:
OPTIONS VESTED AND
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING EXERCISABLE
-------------------------- WEIGHTED- --------------------------
WEIGHTED- AVERAGE WEIGHTED-
AVERAGE REMAINING AVERAGE
NUMBER OF EXERCISE PRICE CONTRACTUAL NUMBER OF EXERCISE PRICE
EXERCISE PRICES SHARES PER SHARE LIFE (YEARS) SHARES PER SHARE
- --------------- --------- -------------- ------------ --------- --------------
$ 0.02-$ 0.25 185,612 $ 0.20 7.73 131,105 $ 0.18
$ 1.00-$ 1.50 371,335 1.15 7.77 265,330 1.17
$ 2.00-$ 4.00 1,514,986 3.17 8.18 431,930 3.13
$ 5.00-$ 8.88 227,070 8.03 8.79 101,916 7.21
$10.00-$11.25 201,206 10.14 8.80 69,711 10.17
--------- ---------
2,500,209 $ 7.79 8.25 999,992 $ 4.02
========= =========
Pro Forma Disclosures of the Effect of Stock-Based Compensation
Pro forma information regarding results of operations and net loss per share
is required by SFAS No. 123, which also requires that the information be
determined as if we had accounted for our employee stock options under the fair
value method of SFAS No. 123. The fair value for these options was estimated at
the date of grant using the Black Scholes method with the following weighted
average assumptions:
2000 1999 1998
--------- --------- ---------
Risk free rate................................ 6.0% 5.5% 5.5%
Dividend yield................................ 0% 0% 0%
Volatility.................................... 97% 70% 70%
Expected option life.......................... 3.5 years 3.5 years 3.5 years
The option valuation models were developed for use in estimating the fair
value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully
transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly
subjective assumptions, including the expected life of the option. Because our
employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from those
of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can
materially affect the fair value estimate, in management's opinion, the existing
models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of
our employee stock options.
Had compensation cost for our stock-based compensation plans been determined
using the fair value of each award at the grant dates, our net loss (in
thousands, except per share data) and pro
F-17
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
4. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (CONTINUED)
forma basic and diluted net loss per share would have been increased to the pro
forma amounts indicated below:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31
-------------------------------
2000 1999 1998
--------- -------- --------
Continuing operations
Net loss--as reported........................ ($644) ($17,783) ($728)
Net loss--pro forma.......................... (644) (17,783) (728)
Net loss per share--as reported.............. (0.15) (0.91) (0.06)
Net loss per share--pro forma................ -- -- --
Discontinued operations
Net loss--as reported........................ ($104,724) ($27,309) ($4,909)
Net loss--pro forma.......................... (106,200) (27,920) (5,046)
Net loss per share--as reported.............. (2.42) (1.39) (0.42)
Net loss per share--pro forma................ (2.45) (1.42) (0.43)
The weighted-average fair value of options granted for the three years ended
December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998 was $2.98, $2.47and $0.16, respectively.
The pro forma net loss is not necessarily indicative of the effect on pro
forma net loss in future years, as future years will include the effects of
additional years of stock option grants.
1999 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN
Our 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") was adopted by the board of
directors in August 1999 and approved by the stockholders in October 1999. As of
December 31, 2000, we reserved a total of 875,000 shares of common stock for
issuance under the ESPP. Eligible employees may purchase common stock at 85% of
the lower of the fair market value of our common stock on the first day or the
last day of the applicable six-month offering period at the date of purchase. In
addition, the ESPP provides for automatic annual increases in the number of
shares available for issuance on the first day of each fiscal year equal to the
lowest of 1,000,000 shares of common stock, 2% of the outstanding shares of our
common stock on the first day of the fiscal year, or such other amount as
determined by the Board of Directors. As of December 31, 2000, there were
approximately 797,000 shares available for grant under the ESPP.
DEFERRED COMPENSATION
During the year ended December 31, 1998, we granted an officer the right to
purchase 1,350,000 shares of common stock at a purchase price of approximately
$0.125 per share which was below the deemed fair market value at the date of
grant of $2.75 per share. As a result, we recorded deferred compensation of
$3,375,000 during the year ended December 31, 1998 representing the difference
between the price paid per share and the deemed fair value of our common stock.
These amounts were being amortized by charges to discontinued operations over
the vesting period of the stock of approximately four years resulting in
amortization of approximately $1,422,000 and $730,000 for the years ended
December 31, 1999 and 1998. In September 1999, the officer's employment was
terminated and subsequently, he brought an employment action against the Company
related to the aforementioned stock grant.
F-18
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
4. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (CONTINUED)
In October 2000, an arbitrator named us the prevailing party and awarded a
settlement in which: (i) we were given the right to repurchase 625,000 shares at
$0.12 per share and the former officer was entitled to retain 250,000 shares of
the 875,000 shares received under the related Restricted Stock Purchase
Agreement and (ii) we were given the right to repurchase 450,000 shares at $0.12
per share and the former officer was entitled to retain 25,000 shares of the
475,000 shares received under the Employee Bonus Stock Agreement for 1998.
Pursuant to the settlement, we were entitled, but not obligated, to repurchase
retained shares awarded to the former officer at a fixed price of $3.81 per
share. In December 2000, we repurchased all the retained shares awarded to the
former officer for an amount of approximately $1,048,000. We also repurchased
the remaining 1,075,000 shares not awarded to the former officer, at a price of
$0.12 per share amounting to $129,000.
We recorded deferred stock compensation during the two years ended
December 31, 1999, representing the difference between the exercise price and
the deemed fair value of our common stock on the grant date for certain of our
stock options granted to other employees. In the absence of a public market for
our common stock, the deemed fair value was based on the price per share of the
preferred stock financings, less a discount to give effect to the superior
rights of the preferred stock. These amounts are being amortized over the
vesting periods of the individual stock options using a graded vesting method.
Such amortization, including an additional charge related to modifications of
stock options, amounted to approximately $5,239,000 $6,056,000, and $1,065,000
for the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999, and 1998, respectively. In
addition, during the year ended December 31, 2000, the Company reversed
$5,738,000 of deferred compensation due to cancellation of stock options.
Assuming no terminations of option holders, amortization of the remaining
balance in deferred stock compensation of $665,000 will be as follows: $515,000
and $150,000 for the fiscal years 2001, and 2002, respectively.
WARRANTS
We had the following warrants outstanding at December 31, 2000 to purchase
shares of stock:
NUMBER OF SHARES STOCK TYPES EXERCISE PRICE PER SHARE EXPIRATION OF WARRANTS
- ---------------- ------------------ ------------------------ ----------------------
250,000 Series B Preferred $3.00 May 2003
250,000 Series B Preferred 3.50 May 2003
100,000 Series D Preferred 5.00 June 2004
150,000 Common 5.00 December 2003
50,000 Common 5.00 September 2004
-------
800,000
=======
SHARES RESERVED FOR FUTURE ISSUANCE
At December 31, 2000, we had reserved shares of capital stock for future
issuance as follows:
COMMON
STOCK
---------
Warrants to purchase stock.................................. 800,000
Stock options outstanding................................... 2,500,209
Stock options and shares available for grant................ 4,636,892
F-19
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
5. INCOME TAXES
There has been no provision for U.S. Federal, U.S. State, or foreign income
taxes for any period as we have incurred net operating losses in all periods in
all jurisdictions.
A reconciliation of income taxes at the statutory federal income tax rate to
net income taxes from continuing operations included in the accompanying
statements of operations is as follows:
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31
------------------------------
1998 1999 2000
-------- -------- --------
U.S federal taxes/(benefit)
At statutory rate........................................... (34.0%) 34.0% (34.0%)
State, net of federal benefit............................... (6.0) 6.2% (7.6)
Valuation allowance......................................... 40.0 -- 41.6
Other....................................................... -- (0.2) --
------ ------ ------
Total....................................................... 0.0% 40.0% 0.0%
====== ====== ======
Significant components of our net deferred tax asset are as follows (in
thousands):
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
2000 1999
-------- --------
Net operating loss carry forwards........................ $ 33,077 $ 8,671
Accrued compensation..................................... 101 673
Other.................................................... 136 632
Excess depreciation...................................... 2,068 --
Discontinued operations.................................. 3,752 --
Impairment............................................... 11,096 --
Bad debt allowance....................................... 561 --
State deferred taxes..................................... (2,785) --
-------- -------
Total net deferred tax asset............................. 48,006 9,976
Valuation allowance...................................... (48,006) (9,976)
-------- -------
Net deferred tax asset................................... $ -- $ --
======== =======
F-20
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon future earnings, if
any, the timing and amount of which are uncertain. Accordingly, the net deferred
tax assets have been fully offset by a valuation allowance. The valuation
allowance increased by approximately $38,030,000 and $8,124,000 during 2000 and
1999, respectively.
At December 31, 2000, we had net operating loss carryforwards for federal
income tax purposes of approximately $83,941,000 which expire in the years 2013
through 2020. We also had net operating loss carryforward for state income tax
purposes of approximately $51,326,000 expiring in the year 2006. Utilization of
our net operating loss may be subject to substantial annual limitation due to
the ownership change limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code and
similar state provisions. Such an annual limitation could result in the
expiration of the net operating loss before utilization.
6. COMMITMENTS
We lease our office facility and certain office equipment under
non-cancelable lease agreements, which require us to pay a portion of operating
costs, including property taxes, insurance and normal maintenance. Rent expense
amounted to approximately $1,174,000, $244,000 and $206,000 for the years ended
December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
Capital lease obligations represent the present value of future rental
payments under capital lease agreements for equipment in both the school
business and the commercial business.
Future minimum payments under capital and operating leases are as follows
(in thousands):
CAPITAL LEASES OPERATING LEASES
-------------- ----------------
Year ending December 31:
2001............................................ $ 27,602 $1,353
2002............................................ 19,317 696
2003............................................ 2,819 5
-------- ------
Total minimum lease payments.................... 49,738 $2,054
======
Less amount representing interest............... (5,506)
--------
Present value of minimum lease payments......... 44,232
Less current portion of capital lease
obligations................................... (23,687)
--------
$ 20,545
========
In 1999, we entered into credit lines with a number of lease finance
companies for the purpose of acquiring computer and network equipment in
schools. These lease arrangements bear interest from 10.5% to 18% and have terms
ranging from 24 to 36 months. As of December 31, 2000, we had capital leases
with nine lessors, representing a total present value obligation of
approximately $44,200,000. No excess lease capacity exists on eight of the nine
leases. However, our largest lease, with Spacenet, Inc., a subsidiary of Gilat
Satellite Networks, Ltd. ("Gilat"), provided us with substantial excess lease
capacity if used to deploy additional computer equipment to the schools. We have
not and will not make use of that capacity because we have discontinued the
School business. That agreement also specified a minimum number of school sites
to which we would deploy equipment, failing which a penalty would be assessed.
As of December 31, 2000, we had not deployed equipment to the minimum number of
sites and, accordingly, accrued a penalty of $1,300,000. There is a discrepancy
between Spacenet, a subsidiary of Gilat and the Company regarding the
calculation of the amount owed and the timing of payments under the Spacenet
lease. The Company, Spacenet, and Gilat are presently seeking
F-21
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
6. COMMITMENTS (CONTINUED)
to reconcile these differences. Management is hopeful that we will resolve this
matter shortly. There can, however, be no assurances that a resolution of this
matter will be reached in the near-term, if any.
In addition, we issued a letter of credit to two companies as security
against the leases. The leases are secured by the underlying computer equipment.
As of December 31, 2000 and 1999, the total present value capital lease
obligations of $36,021,000 and $11,661,000 were attributable to Spacenet, Inc.,
a related party.
Interest expense on capital leases was $4,921,000, $960,000 and $49 for
years ending December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively. Of those amounts,
$3,809,000, $867,000 and $0 was attributable to our leases with Spacenet, Inc.
7. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
NOTES RECEIVABLE FROM STOCKHOLDERS
In August 1999 a majority of our board of directors approved the issuance of
an immediately exercisable option to purchase 300,000 shares of our common stock
to one of our directors at an exercise price of $5.00 per share. The shares were
and are subject to a right of repurchase in favor of us, which will expire at a
rate of one third each anniversary date of the date of grant. In
September 1999, the officer exercised the right to purchase the shares. We
recorded deferred stock compensation of approximately $1.8 million, which is
being amortized by a charge to operations over the vesting period of the stock
using a graded vesting method. We have also loaned the amount necessary to pay
for the aggregate purchase price of the option, which has been secured by a full
recourse promissory note. The note has a term of four years and bears an
interest rate of 5.98%. The promissory note is due in September 2003.
In September 1999, we hired a new chief executive officer. As part of the
officer's employment agreement, we granted a right to purchase 1,000,000 shares
of our common stock at an exercise price of $5.00 per share. The shares are
subject to a right of repurchase in favor of us, which will expire at a rate of
twenty-five percent on the first anniversary of the grant date and one
forty-eighth of the shares at the end of each month thereafter. In
September 1999, the officer exercised his purchase right and we recorded
deferred stock compensation of approximately $6.0 million, which is being
amortized by a charge to operations over the vesting period of the stock using a
graded vesting method. We loaned the amount necessary to pay for the aggregate
purchase price of the restricted stock, secured by a full recourse promissory
note. The promissory note, as amended in September 2000 to provide for the
shares to serve as the sole collateral for the loan, has a payment term of four
years and an interest rate of 5.98%. The promissory note is due in September
2003. No charge to earnings was recorded upon the change in collateral
underlying the loan. In October 2000, we entered into a consulting agreement
with the officer that provided for a two year consulting agreement at his then
annual base compensation and agreed to provide an office and secretarial
expenses. Additionally, we surrendered our right to repurchase his restricted
shares and canceled his options to purchase our common stock.
We recorded revenues totaling $11,188,000, $1,363,000, and $0 for
sponsorship and advertising for the three years ended December 31, 2000,
respectively, from affiliates with which we have strategic business alliances.
For revenue recognition purposes a party is deemed an affiliate if it shares
common board members, owns more than 5% of our stock or is a significant vendor
to us. All such revenue from affiliates was attributable to discontinued
operations.
F-22
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
7. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED)
We purchase satellite and other services and lease a majority of the
computer equipment deployed in schools from Spacenet, Inc., a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Gilat Satellite Networks, Ltd. ("Gilat"). As of January 11, 2001,
Gilat owned 51% of our outstanding shares.
8. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
We completed two acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2000:
eFundraising.com Corporation Inc. ("eFundraising.com") and
LearningGate.com, Inc. ("LearningGate.com"). Each acquisition was recorded using
the purchase method of accounting under Accounting Principles Boards Opinion
No. 16 ("APB No. 16.") The aggregate purchase price of the acquired companies,
excluding future contingent consideration, was $11,553,000, and was comprised of
common stock, preferred stock in a subsidiary, Time Accelerated Restricted Stock
Award Plan stock options ("TARSAPS") and cash. Results of operations for each
acquired company have been included in our financial results from the closing
date of each transaction.
In accordance with APB No. 16, all identifiable assets were assigned a
portion of the cost (purchase price) of the acquired companies on the basis of
their respective fair values. The entire purchase consideration in both
acquisitions was allocated primarily to goodwill on the accompanying
consolidated balance sheets and is being amortized over their estimated useful
lives, which is three years.
On May 10, 2000, we completed our acquisition of eFundraising.com, a company
that offers fundraising products and services to schools and other
organizations. In connection with the acquisition, we issued a combination of
cash and securities totaling approximately $7,945,000 to acquire all of the
outstanding shares of eFundraising.com. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement,
the purchase price may increase by the value of approximately 1,040,000 common
shares if certain financial and other milestones are achieved. Based on a
measurement date of April 2, 2000 the additional consideration, if fully earned,
will total $$8,736,000. The eFundraising.com purchase price consideration
recorded at closing was $7,945,000 consisting of $1,850,000 cash, $5,500,000
Class A preferred shares (500,000 shares at $11.00 per share), $198,240 Class C
preferred shares consisting of 56,640 shares at $3.50 per share, $198,240
Class D preferred shares consisting of 56,640 shares at $3.50 per share, and
$198,240 Class E preferred shares consisting of 56,640 shares at $3.50 per
share. All of the preferred shares issued pursuant to this acquisition were
issued by a subsidiary of the Company. The $11.00 value per Class A preferred
share was determined from the redemption price. The holders of the Class A
preferred shares have the right at any time to convert such shares into rStar
common stock on a one-for-one basis or, at any time after the third anniversary
of the closing date, to require us to redeem the Series A shares at a price of
$11.00 per share. We may from time to time after the third anniversary of the
closing date redeem all or any of the Class A preferred shares at a redemption
price of $11.00 per share. During the fourth quarter of 2000, Gilat tendered for
a majority of our outstanding shares. This event triggered a "change in control"
provision in the Class A preferred shares that allowed the holders of the
security to demand a redemption at face value of their shares. In December of
2000, we repurchased for $5,500,000 all Class A preferred shares.
The $3.50 value per share for the Class C, Class D, and Class E was based on
the closing market price of rStar common stock on May 10, 2000. The 169,920
preferred shares consisting of 56,640 shares of Class C, 56,640 shares of
Class D, and 56,640 of Class E, are convertible into rStar common shares. These
shares are not redeemable.
F-23
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
8. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (CONTINUED)
The LearningGate.com purchase price consideration on June 23, 2000 was
approximately $3,608,000 consisting of $858,000 cash, and $2,750,000 rStar's
common shares consisting of 999,958 shares at $2.75 per share. The $2.75 value
per share was the closing market price on June 23, 2000. Additional cash
consideration amounting to $329,000 represented loans for pre-closing direct
operating expenses of $267,000 and legal expenses of $62,000. Total cash
consideration, therefore, amounted to $1,187,000.
The acquired businesses are both components of our School business and, as
such, are part of discontinued operations. In connection with our exit from the
School business, we recorded an asset impairment charge of $8,000,000 to reduce
the carrying value of goodwill to the estimated net realizable value upon sale.
Of that amount, $5,000,000 was attributable to eFundraising.com, and the balance
to LearningGate.com. Goodwill in connection with LearningGate.com was considered
by management to be unrecoverable, as our principal products were software tools
to be used in the School business which we are exiting. The impairment to
goodwill associated with eFundraising.com was based on management's estimate of
the proceeds to be received upon an expected sale of the business. The pro forma
results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2000, and 1999 would not
be materially different from amounts reported in the Consolidated Statements of
Operations.
9. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On October 3, 2000, Gilat and the Company announced an agreement under which
Gilat would make a tender offer to acquire for cash 51% of our outstanding
voting common shares at $2.32 per share. Effective January 11, 2001, Gilat
acquired control pursuant to that tender offer. Pursuant to the tender offer
agreement, when an inadequate number of shares were tendered by shareholders
unaffiliated with us, certain major shareholders, including our founder and
Chief Executive Officer, tendered a portion of their shares to allow Gilat to
achieve the 51% threshold. Gilat is a leading provider of telecommunications
solutions based on VSAT satellite network technology.
F-24
RSTAR CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
10. UNAUDITED QUARTERLY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA:
Summarized quarterly supplemental consolidated financial information for
2000 and 1999 is as follows:
QUARTER ENDED
----------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL FOR THE
YEAR ENDED
MARCH 31 JUNE 30 SEPTEMBER 30 DECEMBER 31 DECEMBER 31
-------- -------- ------------ ----------- -------------
2000
Revenue from continuing operations......... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ --
Revenue from discontinued operations....... 5,410 7,256 767 883 14,316
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Total revenue.............................. $ 5,410 $ 7,256 $ 767 $ 883 $ 14,316
Costs and expenses continuing operations... $ 331 $ 398 $ 1,262 $ 4,839 $ 6,830
Costs and expenses discontinued
operations............................... 16,204 21,317 19,927 18,025 75,473
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Total costs and expenses................... $16,535 $ 21,715 $ 21,189 $ 22,823 $ 82,303
Income (loss) from continuing operations... $ 92 $ (305) $ (1,422) $ (5,223) $ (6,858)
Income (loss) from discontinued
operations............................... (10,794) (14,061) (19,160) (60,082) (104,097)
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Total income (loss)........................ $(10,702) $(14,366) $(20,582) $(65,305) $(110,955)
======== ======== ======== ======== =========
Net loss per share, basic and diluted
continuing operations.................... $ (0.00) $ (0.01) $ (0.03) $ (0.12) $ (0.16)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted,
discontinued operations.................. $ (0.25) $ (0.33) $ (0.44) $ (1.35) $ (2.40)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted...... $ (0.25) $ (0.34) $ (0.47) $ (1.47) $ (2.56)
Number of shares used in calculation....... 42,236 42,464 43,765 44,315 43,348
1999
Revenue from continuing operations......... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ -- $ --
Revenue from discontinued operations....... 6 141 297 2,098 2,542
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Total revenue.............................. $ 6 $ 141 $ 297 $ 2,098 $ 2,542
Costs and expenses continuing operations... $ 78 $ 100 $ 213 $ 282 $ 673
Costs and expenses discontinued
operations............................... 3,212 5,853 7,160 13,626 29,851
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Total costs and expenses................... $ 3,290 $ 5,953 $ 7,373 $ 13,908 $ 30,524
Income (loss) from continuing operations... $ (81) $ (68) $ (184) $ (268) $ (303)
Income (loss) from discontinued
operations............................... (3,206) (8,903) (20,554) (12,732) (45,395)
-------- -------- -------- -------- ---------
Total income (loss)........................ $(3,287) $ (8,971) $(20,370) $(12,464) $ (45,092)
======== ======== ======== ======== =========
Net loss per share, basic and diluted
continuing operations.................... $ 0.01 $ (0.01) $ 0.73 $ 0.21 $ 0.91
Net loss per share, basic and diluted,
discontinued operations.................. $ (0.24) $ (0.66) $ (0.76) $ (0.18) $ (1.39)
Total net loss per share, basic and
diluted.................................. $ (0.25) $ (0.67) $ (1.49) $ (0.34) $ (2.30)
Number of shares used in calculation....... 13,234 13,352 13,630 36,076 19,607
F-25
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Form 10-K to be signed
on our behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on this 17th day of
April 2001.
RSTAR CORPORATION
By: /s/ LANCE MORTENSEN
-----------------------------------------
Lance Mortensen
PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears
below constitutes and appoint Robert Edwards and David S. Wallace, as such
person's attorney-in-fact, with the power of substitution, for him or her in any
and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K
and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection
therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and
confirming all that each of said attorney-in-fact, or his or her substitute or
substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
Form 10-K has been signed below by the following persons on April 17, 2001 on
behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities indicated:
SIGNATURES TITLE DATE
---------- ----- ----
President, Chief Executive Officer
/s/ LANCE MORTENSEN (principal executive officer)
---------------------------------------- and Chairman of the Board of April 17, 2001
Lance Mortensen Directors
/s/ ROBERT EDWARDS Chief Financial Officer (principal
---------------------------------------- financial and accounting April 17, 2001
Robert Edwards officer)
/s/ CHARLES C. APPLEBY
---------------------------------------- Director April 17, 2001
Charles C. Appleby
/s/ MICHAEL ARNOUSE
---------------------------------------- Director April 17, 2001
Michael Arnouse
44
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT
NUMBER EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION
- --------------------- -------------------
2.1 Tender Offer Agreement dated October 3, 2000 by and among
Gilat Satellite Networks Ltd, ZapMe! Corporation and Certain
Stockholders. (1)
3.1 Third Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
(effective March 19, 2001).
3.2 Bylaws (Amended and Restated as of January 4, 2001).
4.1 Specimen Stock Certificate of Registrant.
10.1 Fourth Amended and Restated Investors' Rights Agreement. (2)
10.2 rStar Corporation f.k.a. Satellite Online Solutions
Corporation, 1997 Employee Stock Option Plan and form of
Agreement. (3)
10.3 ZapMe! Corporation 1998 Stock Plan, as amended and restated
July 28, 2000. (4)
10.4 ZapMe! Corporation 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and
form of Agreement. (3)
10.5 Warrant Agreement between ZapMe! Corporation and Sylvan
Learning Systems dated as of March 3, 1999. (3)
10.6 Office Lease between ZapMe! Corporation and Alexander
Properties Company, dated August 6, 1997, and Addendums
dated August 7, 1998, September 15, 1998, October 14, 1998,
October 22, 1998 and April 16, 1999. (3)
10.7 Office Sublease agreement by and between GMAC Home Services
and ZapMe! Corporation dated April 25, 2000. (4)
10.8 Form of Indemnification Agreement entered into between the
Registrant and its directors and officers. (3)
10.9 Letter Services Agreement between ZapMe! Corporation and
Spacenet, Inc., dated February 10, 1999, Service Agreement
dated June 11, 1999 and Amendment No. 1 to Services
Agreement dated July 19, 1999. (3)
+10.10 Letter of Understanding between ZapMe! Corporation and
Microsoft Corporation, dated November 13, 1998. (3)
10.11 Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement dated September 13, 1999
by and between ZapMe! Corporation and Rick Inatome, amended
as of June 21, 2000. (4)
10.12 Restricted Stock Purchase Agreement dated September 13, 1999
by and between ZapMe! Corporation and Lance Mortensen. (5)
10.13 Amended and Restated Services Agreement by and between
ZapMe! Corporation and Spacenet, Inc. dated September 30,
1999. (3)
10.14 Office Sublease by and between ZapMe! Corporation and
Silicon Graphics, Inc. dated November 8, 1999. (6)
10.15 Consulting Agreement by and between Rick Inatome and ZapMe!
Corporation dated October 6, 2000. (1)
10.16 Employment Agreement by and between Lance Mortensen and
ZapMe! Corporation dated October 8, 2000.
10.17 Settlement and Mutual Release Agreement by and between Bruce
Bower and ZapMe! Corporation dated October 10, 2000.
45
EXHIBIT
NUMBER EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION
- --------------------- -------------------
10.18 Settlement and Mutual Release Agreement by and between
Donald Kingsborough and ZapMe! Corporation dated October 5,
2000.
10.19 Settlement and Mutual Release Agreement by and between Dave
Lundberg and ZapMe! Corporation dated October 10, 2000.
10.22 Settlement Agreement and Mutual Release by and between
ZapMe! Corporation and Robert Stoffregen dated February 4,
2000. (7)
10.23 Employment Offer Letter by and between Robert Edwards and
ZapMe! Corporation dated March 14, 2000. (7)
21.1 Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
23.1 Consent of Grant Thornton LLP, Independent Certified
Accountants.
23.2 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors.
24.1 Power of Attorney (which is included as part of the
signature page of this 10-K).
- ------------------------
+ Confidential treatment has been granted with respect to certain portions of
this exhibit. Omitted portions have been filed separately with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
(1) Incorporated by reference to Registrant's Schedule TO-T, filed October 17,
2000.
(2) Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form
S-1/A filed October 19, 1999.
(3) Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form
S-1 filed August 5, 1999.
(4) Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
filed on August 21, 2000.
(5) Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
filed on December 3, 1999.
(6) Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K
filed on March 31, 2000.
(7) Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
filed on May 15, 2000.
46