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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1999
Commission File No. 1-13481
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware 95-4605850
(State or other jurisdiction (I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
2500 Broadway Street, Santa Monica, CA 90404
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (310) 449-3000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Name of each exchange
Title of each class on which registered
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Common Stock, par value $0.01 New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
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Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [_]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to
the Registrant's best knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part II of this Form 10-K or any amendment to
this Form 10-K. [_]
The aggregate market value of the voting stock (based on the last sale price
of such stock as reported by the Dow Jones News Retrieval) held by non-
affiliates of the Registrant as of March 20, 2000 was $551,773,722.
The number of shares of the Registrant's common stock outstanding as of
March 20, 2000 was 201,526,319.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Certain portions of Registrant's proxy statement for the annual meeting to
be held on May 4, 2000 (the "Proxy Statement"), to be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than
120 days after the close of the Registrant's fiscal year, are incorporated by
reference under Part III of this Form 10-K.
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PART I
Item 1. Business
General
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc., a Delaware corporation, is a premier global
entertainment content company. We develop, produce and distribute theatrical
motion pictures and television programs, and we intend to create and own
branded cable and satellite programming channels. Our principal subsidiaries
are Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc., United Artists Corporation, United
Artists Films Inc. and Orion Pictures Corporation. We are one of only seven
major film and television studios worldwide. Our library contains over 4,100
theatrically released feature film titles and 8,900 television episodes and is
the largest collection of post-1948 feature films in the world. Films in our
library have won over 200 Academy Awards(R), including Best Picture Awards for
Annie Hall, The Apartment, The Best Years of Our Lives, Dances With Wolves,
Hamlet, In the Heat of the Night, Marty, Midnight Cowboy, Platoon, Rain Man,
Rocky, Silence of the Lambs, Tom Jones and West Side Story. Our library also
includes 21 titles in the James Bond film franchise, five titles in the Rocky
film franchise and nine titles in the Pink Panther film franchise.
MGM's executive offices are located at 2500 Broadway Street, Santa Monica,
California 90404. Our telephone number is (310) 449-3000.
Background of the Company
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ("Old MGM") was established in 1924 through the merger
of Metro Pictures, Goldwyn Pictures and Louis B. Mayer Productions. A
corporation wholly-owned by Kirk Kerkorian became Old MGM's controlling
shareholder in 1969. In 1981, Old MGM acquired UA, which had been formed in
1919 when Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks, D.W. Griffith and Charlie Chaplin
joined forces to release their own motion pictures, as well as motion pictures
made by independent producers. In 1986, Turner Broadcasting System, Inc.
acquired the businesses of Old MGM, and as part of that transaction, Tracinda
Corporation and certain of the former stockholders of Old MGM concurrently
acquired UA, including the UA library, from Old MGM. Shortly thereafter, UA
reacquired the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer name and logo and certain other assets from
Turner. UA was then renamed MGM/UA Communications Co. Turner retained the film
library created through the pre-1986 operations of Old MGM.
In November 1990, MGM/UA was acquired by Pathe Communications Corporation
and was renamed MGM-Pathe Communications Co., the predecessor to MGM Studios.
In May 1992, Credit Lyonnais Bank Nederland N.V., Pathe's principal lender,
foreclosed on substantially all of the stock of MGM-Pathe, following default
by Pathe, and such stock was ultimately transferred to Consortium de
Realisation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Credit Lyonnais S.A.
Tracinda, senior management of MGM Studios at the time and Seven Network
Limited, a company formed under the laws of Australia, formed MGM to acquire
all of the outstanding capital stock of MGM Studios and its subsidiaries,
including UA, in October 1996 for an aggregate consideration of $1.3 billion.
Tracinda is wholly owned by Mr. Kerkorian.
In July 1997, we acquired all of the outstanding capital stock of Orion and
its subsidiaries, including the entity formerly known as The Samuel Goldwyn
Company and now known as Orion Film Classics Company, from Metromedia
International Group, Inc. In connection with the Orion acquisition, we
obtained the film and television libraries of the Orion companies consisting
of approximately 1,900 film titles and 3,000 television episodes.
In November 1997, we completed an initial public offering, whereby we issued
and sold 9,000,000 new shares of common stock, $.01 par value per share, at a
price per share of $20, less an underwriting discount, for net proceeds (after
expenses of the initial public offering) of $165 million. Concurrently with
the consummation
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of the initial public offering, Tracinda purchased directly from us, at a
purchase price of $18.85 per share (equal to the per share price to the public
in the initial public offering, less the underwriting discount), 3,978,780
shares of the common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $75 million.
In September 1998, Tracinda and a Delaware corporation that is principally
owned by Tracinda, which we refer to collectively as the "Tracinda Group,"
purchased 16,208,463 shares of the common stock from Seven Network,
representing all of our capital stock held by Seven Network, for a price per
share of $24 and an aggregate purchase price of $389 million.
In November 1998, we completed a rights offering, whereby we issued and sold
84,848,485 new shares of the common stock at a subscription price of $8.25 per
share for net proceeds (after expenses of the rights offering) of $696.5
million. After giving effect to the completion of the 1998 rights offering and
the exercise of the subscription rights distributed in connection therewith,
the Tracinda Group continued to beneficially own approximately 89.5 percent of
our outstanding common stock.
In January 1999, we acquired from PolyGram N.V. and its subsidiaries certain
film libraries and film-related rights for consideration of $235 million. The
PolyGram libraries contain over 1,300 feature films and are comprised of (a)
the Epic library, which consists of approximately 1,000 film titles acquired
between 1992 and 1997 by Credit Lyonnais Bank Nederland and Consortium de
Realisation from various filmed entertainment companies, (b) the library of
films released by PolyGram before March 31, 1996 and (c) the Island/Atlantic
and Vision/Palace libraries, which had been previously acquired by PolyGram.
In April 1999, Alex Yemenidjian was appointed as Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer and Chris McGurk was named Vice Chairman and Chief Operating
Officer of MGM.
In November 1999, we completed a rights offering, whereby we issued and sold
49,714,554 new shares of the common stock at a subscription price of $14.50
per share for net proceeds (after expenses of the rights offering) of
approximately $715 million. After giving effect to the completion of the 1999
rights offering and the exercise of the subscription rights distributed in
connection therewith, the Tracinda Group continued to beneficially own
approximately 89.0 percent of our outstanding common stock.
The Motion Picture and Television Industry
Motion Pictures--General. The motion picture industry consists of two
principal activities: production and distribution. Production involves the
development, financing and production of feature-length motion pictures.
Distribution involves the promotion and exploitation of motion pictures
throughout the world in a variety of media, including theatrical exhibition,
home video, television and other ancillary markets. The U.S. motion picture
industry can be divided into major studios and independent companies, with the
major studios dominating the industry in the number of theatrical releases. In
addition to us (including MGM Studios, MGM Pictures, UA Films and Orion), the
major studios as defined by the Motion Picture Association of America are The
Walt Disney Company (including Buena Vista, Touchstone and Miramax Films),
Paramount Pictures Corporation, Sony Pictures Entertainment, Inc. (including
Columbia Pictures), Twentieth Century Fox Film Corp., Universal Studios, Inc.,
and Warner Bros. (including Turner, New Line Cinema and Castle Rock
Entertainment). The major studios are typically large diversified corporations
that have strong relationships with creative talent, exhibitors and others
involved in the entertainment industry and have global film production and
distribution capabilities.
Historically, the major studios have produced and distributed the majority
of high grossing theatrical motion pictures released annually in the United
States. Over the past decade, the number of feature-length motion pictures
released by the major studios has increased from 158 in 1990 (39.9 percent of
the total) to 213 in 1999 (48.2 percent of the total). In addition, most of
the studios have created or accumulated substantial and valuable motion
picture libraries that generate significant revenues. These revenues can
provide the major studios with a stable source of earnings that partially
offsets the variations in the financial performance of their current motion
picture releases and other aspects of their motion picture operations.
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The independent companies generally have more limited production and
distribution capabilities than do the major studios. While certain independent
companies may produce as many films as a major studio in any year, independent
motion pictures typically have lower negative costs and are not as widely
released as motion pictures produced and distributed by the major studios.
Additionally, the independent companies may have limited or no internal
distribution capability and may rely on the major studios for distribution and
financing.
Motion Picture Production. The production of a motion picture begins with
the screenplay adaptation of a popular novel or other literary work acquired
by the producer of the motion picture or the development of an original
screenplay based upon a story line or scenario conceived or acquired by the
producer. In the development phase, the producer may seek production financing
and tentative commitments from a director, the principal cast members and
other creative personnel. A proposed production schedule and budget are
prepared. At the end of this phase, the decision is made whether or not to
"greenlight," or approve for production, the motion picture.
After greenlighting, pre-production of the motion picture begins. In this
phase, the producer engages creative personnel to the extent not previously
committed, finalizes the filming schedule and production budget, obtains
insurance or self insures and secures completion guaranties, if necessary.
Moreover, the producer establishes filming locations, secures any necessary
studio facilities and stages and prepares for the start of actual filming.
Principal photography, or the actual filming of the screenplay, generally
extends from seven to 16 weeks, depending upon such factors as budget,
location, weather and complications inherent in the screenplay. Following
completion of principal photography, the motion picture enters what is
typically referred to as post-production. In this phase, the motion picture is
edited, opticals, dialogue, music and any special effects are added, and
voice, effects and music soundtracks and pictures are synchronized. This
results in the production of the negative from which release prints of the
motion picture are made. Major studios and independent film companies hire
editors, composers and special effects technicians on the basis of their
suitability for a particular picture.
The production and marketing of theatrical motion pictures requires
substantial capital. The costs of producing and marketing motion pictures have
increased substantially in recent years. These costs may continue to increase
in the future at rates greater than normal inflation, thereby increasing the
costs to us of our motion pictures. Production costs and marketing costs are
generally rising at a faster rate than increases in either domestic admissions
to movie theaters or admission ticket prices, leaving us and all producers of
motion pictures more dependent on other media, such as home video and
television, and foreign markets.
Motion Picture Distribution. The distribution of a motion picture involves
the licensing of the picture for distribution or exploitation in various
markets, both domestically and internationally, pursuant to a release pattern.
These markets include theatrical exhibition, non-theatrical exhibition (which
includes airlines, hotels and armed forces facilities), home video (including
rental and sell-through), presentation on television (including pay-per-view,
pay, network, syndication or basic cable) and marketing of the other rights in
the picture and underlying literary property, which may include publishing,
merchandising and soundtracks. The domestic and international markets
generally follow the same release pattern, with the starting date of the
release in the international market varying from being concurrent with the
domestic theatrical release to being as long as nine months afterwards. A
motion picture typically is distributed by a major studio or one or more
distributors that acquire rights from a studio or other producer in one or
more markets or media or a combination of the foregoing.
Both major studios and independent film companies often acquire pictures for
distribution through a customary industry arrangement known as a "negative
pickup," under which the studio or independent film company agrees before
commencement of or during production to acquire from a production company all
rights to a film upon completion of production, and also acquire completed
films, as well as all associated obligations.
Television Production. The production of television series programming
involves the development of a format based on a creative concept or literary
property into a television script, the hiring of talent, the filming or
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taping of the program and the technical and post-production work necessary to
produce a finished program. Television producers may originate projects
internally or acquire them from others. If a concept is deemed suitable for
development, the studio or other producer or network typically commissions and
pays for a script. Once a script is ordered, one or more license agreements
are negotiated with the potential broadcasters of such program. A pilot
episode usually is ordered or commissioned prior to the determination of
whether a series will be produced.
Television production can generally be divided into two distinct markets:
network production (i.e., television shows for ABC, CBS, NBC, Fox, UPN and The
WB) and non-network production (i.e., made-for-cable and first-run
syndication). The economics of the two types of television production are
different. In network production, a network generally orders approximately six
to 13 initial episodes of each new series for a license fee equal to a
percentage of the program's cost. The balance of the production cost can only
be recouped through international sales and syndication if a series is
successful and generally remains unrecouped for at least four years. In the
non-network production or first-run syndication business, a producer seeking
to launch a new series commits to produce a minimum number of episodes if the
producer can "clear" the series by selling to individual television stations
in sufficient markets throughout the country (generally comprising 70 percent
of U.S. television households). Once produced, the episodes are immediately
available for licensing to international broadcasters as well. This approach
generally involves a lower production cost risk and earlier return on
investment than the network production business; however, non-network
programming generally reduces the potential total return on investment as
compared to successful network production. See "--Production--Television
Production."
Television Distribution. The U.S. television market is served by network
affiliated stations, independent stations and cable systems, although the
number of independent stations has decreased as many formerly independent
stations have become affiliated with new networks in recent years. During
"prime time" hours, network affiliates primarily broadcast programming
produced for the network. In non-prime time, network affiliates telecast
network programming, off-network programming, first-run programming
(programming produced for distribution on a syndicated basis) and programming
produced by the local stations themselves. Independent television stations and
cable networks, during both prime and non-prime time, produce their own
programs and telecast off-network programs or first-run programs acquired from
independent producers or syndicators. Syndicators generally are companies that
sell to independent television stations and network affiliates programming
produced or acquired by the syndicator for distribution.
Business Strategy
Our goal is to become a fully-integrated global entertainment content
company, thereby maximizing the value of our assets, including our film and
television library and our film and television production and distribution
units. To achieve this goal, we seek to:
Build and Leverage Our Library. We plan to build and leverage our film and
television library by:
. Producing new motion pictures and television episodes;
. Aggressively marketing and repackaging our library's titles;
. Developing new distribution channels;
. Capitalizing on developments in technology;
. Further penetrating emerging international markets; and
. Incentivizing our employees to drive growth in sales of our library's
titles.
Create Branded Cable and Satellite Programming Channels. We believe we can
create significant value by utilizing our library and current production to
establish MGM branded cable and satellite channels. We have been actively
exploring strategic alternatives to gain carriage for our proposed channels.
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Increase Film and Television Production While Improving Our Risk Profile. We
intend to increase production in a financially disciplined manner by:
. Tightly controlling development and production expenditures;
. Involving members of senior management from all areas of our company in
the greenlighting process for films;
. Aggressively seeking production agreements and/or co-financing partners
for our pictures and television product;
. Entering into production agreements and joint ventures with key
producers of motion pictures and television product;
. Increasing our focus on the production of commercially successful motion
pictures which appeal to a younger demographic; and
. Using our film library as a proven source for sequels and remakes and
the expansion of certain well-tested, familiar film franchises.
We have, for example:
. Entered into an agreement with Miramax Films pursuant to which we will
jointly produce, finance and distribute up to eight motion pictures,
relying on our film library as a prominent source of material;
. Entered into a co-production/co-financing agreement with Universal;
. Entered into a "first look" co-financing agreement with Hyde Park
Entertainment (David Hoberman and Ashok Amritraj);
. Entered into a "first look" producing/directing agreement with Lion Rock
Prods. (John Woo and Terence Chang);
. Entered into a "first look" agreement with Seth Jaret;
. Repositioned UA as a specialty film unit now known as UA Films, which is
involved in production, sales and acquisitions of specialized motion
pictures; and
. Entered into a split-rights agreement for specialized motion pictures
with American Zoetrope (Francis Ford Coppola).
We intend to produce or co-produce and distribute ten to 15 motion pictures
annually through MGM Pictures across a variety of genres. Through UA Films, we
also intend to distribute annually an additional seven to ten specialty motion
pictures that will have substantially lower average costs and will be produced
mainly by third parties.
We plan to develop, produce and distribute television programs focusing on
low financial risk formats, such as pre-clearing a television series for
distribution prior to committing to development expenditures, as well as joint
ventures, co-productions and other partnering arrangements for certain of our
series.
Increase Distribution Revenues. We have taken steps to obtain greater
flexibility in distributing our own product to enable us to realize additional
revenue opportunities while reducing the costs associated with distribution.
In 1999 we terminated our agreement with Warner Home Video so that, on
February 1, 2000, we regained full control over the home video exploitation of
our films. We have actively planned the transition of our international
distribution from Warner Home Video and United International Pictures or "UIP"
to Fox to gain more control over our international distribution and to
maximize our revenue opportunities.
We plan to increase distribution revenues by:
. Self-distributing in the U.S. and Canada our library as well as all
motion pictures produced by MGM Pictures and UA Films;
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. Distributing films that we co-produce with a third party in those
territories where we have distribution rights and capabilities; and
. Distributing motion pictures produced by others.
Capitalize on a Well Recognized Brand Name. We believe that the MGM name and
lion logo are among the most recognized in the world. We intend to capitalize
on the value inherent in our name and logo through the distribution of branded
programming and the development of consumer products.
Streamline Operations. We have taken steps to make our operating process
more efficient in the following ways:
. Consolidating overhead across the MGM Pictures and UA production units;
and
. Consolidating and centralizing operating and corporate functions.
In conjunction with our recent operating initiatives, in 1999 we incurred
$214.6 million in restructuring and other charges consisting of approximately
$129.4 million of pre-released film cost write-downs and $85.2 million in
severance and other personnel expenses, as well as anticipated costs of
withdrawing from the UIP partnership. In addition, in 1999 we paid $225.0
million to terminate our agreement with Warner Home Video.
We intend to continue to pursue our goal of becoming an integrated global
entertainment content company. In pursuit of this goal, we may consider
various strategic alternatives, such as business combinations with companies
with strengths complementary to ours, other acquisitions and joint ventures,
as opportunities arise. The nature, size and structure of any such transaction
could require us to seek additional financing. Acquisitions and other
strategic alternatives, however, involve numerous risks, including diversion
of management's attention away from our operating activities. We cannot assure
you that we will not encounter unanticipated problems or liabilities with
respect to any acquisitions that have been or may be completed by MGM or with
the integration of an acquired company's operations with those of MGM, and we
cannot assure you that the anticipated benefits of any acquisitions and
alternatives that have been, or will be, completed by us will be achieved.
Film and Television Library
We currently own or hold certain distribution rights to over 4,100
theatrically released motion pictures. Our library also contains the largest
collection of feature films produced since 1948. In 1948, certain major
studios negotiated consent decrees requiring that the studios separate their
exhibition businesses from their production and distribution businesses and
mandating the divestiture of certain theater holdings. This is generally
believed to have triggered greater competition among the studios and an
increased emphasis on the potential for commercial success in the development
and production stages, resulting in a greater focus on the content and quality
of the motion pictures produced and distributed by the studios. We believe
that films produced and developed after 1948 generally are more valuable than
films that were previously produced and developed.
In addition to being the largest modern motion picture library in the world,
our library is also one of the most critically acclaimed libraries in the
motion picture industry, representing one of the largest collections of
Academy Award(R)-winning films. The motion pictures in our library have won
over 200 Academy Awards(R). Fourteen motion pictures in our library have won
the Academy Award(R) for Best Picture: Annie Hall, The Apartment, The Best
Years of Our Lives, Dances With Wolves, Hamlet, In the Heat of the Night,
Marty, Midnight Cowboy, Platoon, Rain Man, Rocky, Silence of the Lambs, Tom
Jones and West Side Story.
Our library also includes over 8,900 episodes from television series
previously broadcast on prime-time network television, cable or in first-run
syndication, including episodes of The Addams Family, American Gladiators, Bat
Masterson, Cagney & Lacey, Fame, Green Acres, Highway Patrol, In the Heat of
the Night, Mr. Ed, The Patty Duke Show, Pink Panther, Sea Hunt and
thirtysomething. The television programs in our library have won, among
others, 114 Emmy awards and 16 Golden Globe awards.
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Our library includes titles from a wide range of genres, including dramas,
comedies, action-adventure movies, westerns and suspense thrillers. We believe
that our library's diversity, quality and extensive size provides us with
substantial competitive advantages. We seek to continue to build upon these
advantages by producing and acquiring new motion pictures across a variety of
genres and budget ranges to update and enhance our library. See "--
Production--Motion Picture Production."
We will continue to implement the strategy of developing new projects from
existing library assets. Our library represents a readily-available, "market
tested" source of development ideas. For example, in 1999 we had success with
the remake of The Thomas Crown Affair and in 1995 we had success with The
Birdcage, a remake of La Cage aux Folles. Furthermore, we have successfully
expanded the valuable film franchises within our library, most notably the
James Bond franchise, with the commercial success of GoldenEye in 1995,
Tomorrow Never Dies in 1997 and The World Is Not Enough in 1999. Additionally,
we have successfully developed television series based on library motion
pictures such as: Poltergeist: The Legacy based on Poltergeist; Stargate SG-1
based on Stargate; and All Dogs Go to Heaven, based on the movie of the same
name. We also have produced a remake of Twelve Angry Men and Inherit The Wind
as made-for-television movies for Showtime Networks Inc.
We, together with Danjaq LLC, are the sole owner of all of the James Bond
motion pictures. Nineteen James Bond motion pictures in our library are
produced and distributed pursuant to a series of agreements with Danjaq. The
motion pictures are produced by Danjaq, and we have the right to approve all
key elements of the pictures, such as the selection of the director and the
leading actors. The copyright in each of the motion pictures is owned jointly
by MGM and Danjaq. Generally, we have the right to distribute each of the
pictures in all media worldwide in perpetuity or for a term of 15 years. Where
our distribution rights are not perpetual, the rights revert to joint control
by MGM and Danjaq after expiration of the distribution term. Danjaq owns any
television series created that is based on the James Bond motion pictures, and
we have the distribution rights to such series. Danjaq controls the
merchandising rights with respect to the pictures, and we are entitled to
receive a portion of the revenues from all merchandising licenses.
Additionally, we control all the marketing rights and the music from The
Living Daylights (1987) and all subsequent pictures. All other rights relating
to the pictures are controlled jointly by MGM and Danjaq. The agreements
contain certain restrictions on the sale or licensing by MGM of any of our
rights in the pictures.
Additionally, two James Bond motion pictures had previously been produced by
other parties. In 1967, Columbia and Famous Artists Productions (a subsidiary
of MGM) produced Casino Royale pursuant to an earlier license from Ian Fleming
and in 1983, Warner Bros. and Taliafilm, Inc. produced Never Say Never Again.
In 1998, we acquired the rights to Never Say Never Again and, as discussed in
the following paragraph, MGM and Danjaq acquired the rights to Casino Royale
in 1999. With these two acquisitions, our library now contains every James
Bond motion picture ever made, and we are the only studio to hold such rights.
On November 17, 1997, MGM and Danjaq filed an action in federal court in Los
Angeles against Sony Corporation and related parties relating to a press
release issued by Sony Pictures announcing plans to produce a series of new
James Bond feature films based on alleged rights that Sony had acquired from
Kevin McClory. Mr. McClory had been a producer of Thunderball. On July 29,
1998, the court preliminarily enjoined Sony Pictures and the other defendants
from the production, preparation, distribution, advertising or other
exploitation in the United States of a James Bond motion picture in any medium
and from using the "James Bond" and the "James Bond 007" trademarks in the
United States. On March 29, 1999, MGM and Danjaq entered into a settlement
agreement with Sony Pictures and related parties that provided for a payment
by the Sony parties and an agreement by the Sony parties which effectively
makes permanent the court's July 1998 preliminary injunction. Specifically,
the Sony parties agreed (i) not to make or distribute any James Bond motion
pictures in the United States based on Thunderball or any other purported
rights deriving from Mr. McClory, and (ii) not to utilize the "James Bond" and
the "James Bond 007" trademarks in the United States. Mr. McClory and his
related companies did not participate in this settlement agreement. Under the
terms of a separate agreement entered into on March 29, 1999, MGM and Danjaq
acquired from Columbia all of Columbia's rights to Casino Royale and the Sony
parties agreed to broaden the contractual prohibition regarding making or
distributing James
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Bond films and the James Bond trademarks, as described above, throughout the
world. Mr. McClory did not participate in the settlement and has retained
certain counterclaims against MGM and Danjaq for copyright infringement. The
trial is currently scheduled to commence on March 28, 2000. See "Item 3. Legal
Proceedings."
We seek aggressively to market and distribute titles in our film library in
existing pay and free television, home video and other markets worldwide. We
believe that the size of our library allows us to minimize the over-
exploitation of any title and therefore better preserve the ongoing value of
our library by actively managing the rotation of titles through such markets.
During the most recent three-year period, approximately 65 percent of the
theatrical motion picture titles and approximately 50 percent of the
television title episodes in our library have been exploited. Rather than
selling our titles on a single or multi-picture basis, we strive to
strategically pool our motion picture and television titles into cohesive
programming packages directed at specific markets, including purchasers of
large quantity programming and services in emerging markets which may not have
their own programming capabilities.
We also seek aggressively to market and distribute our titles through
developing technology. See "--Distribution--Home Video Distribution." We
believe that the development and growth of direct broadcast satellite and
other new distribution systems may generate significant incremental profits
for the industry as the number of channels requiring content grows.
We have differing types of rights to the various titles in our library. In
some cases, we own the title outright, with the right to exploit the title in
all media and territories for an unlimited time. In other cases, the title may
be owned by a third party and we may have obtained the right to distribute the
title in certain media and territories for a limited term. Even if we own a
title, we may have granted rights to exploit the title in certain media and
territories to others. As of December 31, 1999, we owned outright, or had been
granted rights in perpetuity to, approximately 66 percent of the titles in our
library. Our rights in the other library titles are limited in time and,
pursuant to the terms of the existing arrangements, the rights granted to us,
with respect to approximately six percent of the library over the next three
years (i.e. through the end of 2002), with respect to another approximately 14
percent over the seven years thereafter (from 2003 to 2010), and with respect
to another approximately 14 percent thereafter (from 2010 on). We have
generally been able to renew such rights on acceptable terms; however no
assurances can be made that we will continue to be able to do so in the
future. In accordance with industry practice, for purposes of calculating the
size of the library, we include any title that we have the right to distribute
in any territory in any media for any term.
Due to certain long-term pre-paid licenses entered into before 1993 by prior
management, we do not expect to receive significant revenue with respect to
substantial portions of our library from domestic free and certain major
international television markets for the next several years. As of December
31, 1999, the titles included in these licenses represent a cross-section of
the titles in the library, including substantially all of the pre-1990 MGM and
UA titles, which have been licensed in one or more of the U.S., France and
Spain, and approximately 40 percent of the Orion and PolyGram titles, which
have been licensed in one or more of France, Spain, Germany and the United
Kingdom. See "--Distribution--Television Distribution." We expect to benefit
as certain rights to the library that have been previously licensed to others
revert to us over time. See "--Distribution."
Because we have historically derived approximately 40 percent of our
revenues from non-U.S. sources, our business is subject to risks inherent in
international trade, many of which are beyond our control. These risks
include: changes in laws and policies affecting trade, investment and taxes,
including laws and policies relating to the repatriation of funds and to
withholding taxes; differing degrees of protection for intellectual property;
the instability of foreign economies and governments; and fluctuating foreign
exchange rates. See "--Regulation," "Item 7. Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and "Item 7A.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk."
9
Production
Motion Picture Production
We currently develop and produce theatrical motion picture projects through
two separate production entities, MGM Pictures and UA Films. MGM Pictures
concentrates on developing and producing mainstream, major studio budget level
films. UA Films concentrates on developing, producing and acquiring
specialized films with a net cost investment of less than $10 million. Both
production units are supported by centralized marketing, sales, legal,
physical production and distribution functions.
MGM Pictures plans to distribute approximately ten to 15 motion pictures
annually across a variety of genres and budget ranges. MGM Pictures employs a
development staff of creative executives who refine concepts and scripts so
that projects are developed to the point that production decisions can be
made. MGM Pictures also intends to enter into production alliances with a
select group of producers, many of them genre-specific. These producers will
develop and produce motion pictures exclusively or semi-exclusively for MGM
Pictures and will use their relationships and creative abilities to provide
another source of product for MGM Pictures. The ten to 15 pictures distributed
by MGM Pictures are anticipated to be a combination of internally developed
pictures, pictures developed and/or produced by the allied producers, pictures
which are co-produced or co-financed with other major studios or independent
partners and pictures acquired through negative pickups or other distribution
arrangements.
MGM Pictures' strategy is to both increase creative diversity and mitigate
financial risk in connection with motion picture production. We expect to
enhance creative diversity by employing the production alliance strategy
discussed above and by entering into selective production agreements with
successful established producers such as Lion Rock Prods. (John Woo and
Terence Chang), Seth Jaret and Hyde Park Entertainment (David Hoberman and
Ashok Amritraj). As an example of this strategy, in July 1999, we entered into
an agreement with Miramax Films pursuant to which MGM and Miramax will jointly
produce, finance and distribute up to eight motion pictures, relying on our
film library as a prominent source of material. Initial titles identified for
potential production under this agreement include Cold Mountain, based on the
best-selling novel, contributed by us, and the remake of the comedy classic
Harvey, contributed by Miramax. Miramax will develop the films under this
agreement, which MGM and Miramax will jointly finance. Half of these films
will be released domestically by each partner, with the other providing
international distribution.
We also intend to spread the financial risk inherent in motion picture
production, as well as increase the breadth of our release slate, by entering
into co-production and/or co-financing arrangements such as our agreement with
Miramax and our co-production agreement with Universal. In April 1999, we
entered into an agreement with Universal that increased our commitment under
our existing co-production arrangement by $100 million in production expenses.
The motion pictures to be co-produced under the arrangement will be selected
over the next three years, but we may incur the related production
expenditures over a longer period of time. In addition, we have agreed to co-
produce with Universal the feature films Hannibal (the sequel to Silence of
the Lambs) and Dragonfly (to be directed by Tom Shadyac). Under our co-
production arrangement with Universal, we will distribute both of these
pictures in the domestic marketplace, with Universal being responsible for
international distribution. We will share the production costs evenly with
Universal, and the receipts from the pictures will also be divided evenly
between us and Universal.
We are in the process of establishing UA Films as a filmmaker oriented
studio which will release approximately seven to ten motion pictures each
year. These motion pictures will be produced or co-produced by UA Films or
acquired through negative pickups or other distribution arrangements and will
include some motion pictures in a variety of genres generally involving
producers and directors, writers or other talent who typically work outside of
the studio system as well as lower budget films from established filmmakers.
Our investment in such pictures is expected to be significantly less than our
investment for pictures produced through MGM Pictures. We believe that this
strategy of releasing specialty motion pictures will add greater diversity to
our release slate and enhance the library both through the addition of new
film product and the building of relationships with up-and-coming producers
and directors, writers and other talent. As an example of this
10
strategy, in March 2000, we entered into an agreement with filmmaker Francis
Ford Coppola's production company American Zoetrope, for the financing and
distribution in the U.S. and Canada of up to ten lower-budget motion pictures
to be produced by Zoetrope for UA Films over a three-year period. Under the
agreement, we have a "first-look" on such projects developed by Zoetrope. See
"Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions."
Compared to other major studios, we have entered into, and intend to pursue,
fewer traditional producer or talent "overhead" arrangements in which a studio
pays a portion of the overhead of creative talent (i.e., producer, director or
actor) for the right to receive a "first look" at that party's projects. We
generally believe that our capital resources are better allocated to acquire
literary properties or the services of talent for a specific project. In
addition, our current business plan also calls for our annual release slates
to be comprised of proportionately fewer large budget "event" motion pictures
than the current release slates of the other major studios.
We do not own any studio facilities or stages but lease facilities and sound
stages on an "as needed" basis in connection with the production of specific
motion picture and television projects. We have not experienced any
difficulties in leasing appropriate facilities and sound stages when needed.
Motion picture production and distribution is highly speculative and
inherently risky. There can be no assurance of the economic success of any
motion picture since the revenues derived from the production and distribution
of a motion picture (which do not necessarily bear a direct correlation to the
production or distribution costs incurred) depend primarily upon its
acceptance by the public, which cannot be predicted. The commercial success of
a motion picture also depends upon the acceptance of competing films released
into the marketplace at or near the same time, the availability of alternative
forms of entertainment and leisure time activities, general economic
conditions and other tangible and intangible factors, all of which can change
and cannot be predicted with certainty. Further, the theatrical success of a
motion picture is generally a key factor in generating revenues from other
distribution channels. There is a substantial risk that some or all of our
motion pictures will not be commercially successful, resulting in costs not
being recouped or anticipated profits not being realized. See "Item 7.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations."
The following table details our tentative 2000 domestic theatrical release
schedule:
Release Schedule
Approximate
Release
Title Date Summary Principal Actors
----- ----------- ------- ----------------
Supernova............... Released Science-fiction thriller James Spader, Angela
about a medical Bassett, Lou Diamond
spaceship that responds Phillips, Robert Forster
to a distress signal and
takes on a mysterious
passenger.
Three Strikes(1)........ Released Determined to avoid his Brian Hooks, N'Bushe
"third strike" under the Wright, Faizon Love,
California penal code, a David Alan Grier, George
criminal escapes from Wallace
the scene of a crime
where his hilarious
adventures ensue.
Return to Me............ April 2000 A man falls in love with David Duchovny, Minnie
a woman only to discover Driver
that she has received a
heart transplant from
his deceased wife.
Crime and Punishment
in Suburbia............ Spring 2000 A modern adaptation of Monica Keena, Ellen
Dostoevsky's classic Barkin, Vincent
novel, set in today's Kartheiser, James De
American suburbs. Bello
11
Approximate
Title Release Date Summary Principal Actors
----- ------------ ------- ----------------
Mr. Accident............ Spring 2000 A janitor meets the Yahoo Serious, Helen
woman of his dreams and Dallimore
joins her in trying to
thwart the tobacco
industry's nefarious
plans.
Things You Can Tell Just
By Looking at Her...... Summer 2000 An ensemble drama that Cameron Diaz, Glenn
explores the hopes, Close, Calista
dreams, loves and losses Flockhart, Holly Hunter,
of several women living Amy Brenneman, Gregory
and working in Los Hines, Kathy Baker
Angeles.
Autumn in New York...... Summer/Fall 2000 Romantic drama about an Richard Gere, Winona
aging playboy who falls Ryder
for a sweet, but
terminally ill, young
woman.
Dancing in the Dark..... Fall/Winter 2000 A wealthy businessman Antonio Banderas,
marries a young woman he Angelina Jolie
knows only through
correspondence, then
learns about her
ulterior motives.
Antitrust............... Fall/Winter 2000 A computer programmer's Ryan Phillipe, Rachel
dream job at a hot Leigh Cooke, Clare
Silicon Valley firm Forlani, Tim Robbins
turns nightmarish when
he discovers his boss
has a secret and
ruthless means of
dispatching antitrust
problems.
Kingdom Come............ Fall/Winter 2000 A young couple, their Peter Mullan, Charlize
gold rush dream turning Theron, Wes Bentley,
sour as they travel, Milla Jovovich,
meet a tired old miner Nastassja Kinski, Sarah
with whom they make an Polley
unlikely exchange.
The Breakers............ Winter 2000 A beautiful mother and Sigourney Weaver,
daughter are a con Jennifer Love Hewitt,
artist team in a clever John Cleese
marry-for-money scam
whose "business"
threatens to fall apart
when one of them rebels
and falls in love.
- --------
(1) We have entered into a "rent-a-system" arrangement where all production
and distribution costs are funded by third parties.
We may revise the release date of a motion picture as the production
schedule changes or in such a manner as we believe is likely to maximize
revenues. Additionally, there can be no assurance that any of the motion
pictures scheduled for release will be completed, that completion will occur
in accordance with the anticipated schedule or budget, or that the motion
pictures will necessarily involve all of the creative talent listed above. See
the discussion above in "--Motion Picture Production."
Television Production
We have in the past engaged in the development and production of episodic
television series, mini-series and movies for distribution on domestic and
international television networks, local independent and network-affiliated
television stations, pay television networks, basic cable networks and home
video. Since the re-establishment of our television series production
operations in 1994, we have obtained commitments for approximately 1,035 hours
of television programming, of which approximately five percent remained to be
aired as of December 31, 1999. Historically, our television activities were
focused on the traditional network production business and made-for-television
movies, and many of the television programs in our library were produced as
network series. However, since the networks have substantially lowered the
license fees as a percentage of the budget for network television programming
in recent years, resulting in significantly larger production investment risks
for the producers of such programming, we altered our television strategy in
1994. See "--The Motion Picture and Television Industry."
12
Since 1994, we have focused primarily on the development and production of
series for the first-run syndication business, which involves a lower
production investment risk for us, and movies and mini-series for both network
and off-network broadcasters. Our strategy is designed to (a) minimize up-
front capital investment through the production of series for the first-run
syndication business and through co-production arrangements, (b) minimize
risks associated with large deficit financing by developing product such as
two-hour movies or mini-series that generally offer stable, predictable cash
flows, (c) use valuable library assets such as The Outer Limits, Poltergeist,
Stargate and All Dogs Go to Heaven to develop recognizable products with
enhanced marketability and (d) develop alternative types of programming, such
as animated cartoon strips, talk shows, variety/magazine shows such as
National Enquirer TV and reality-based programming such as LAPD--Life on the
Beat.
As part of our strategy, in 1994 we entered into a programming arrangement
with Showtime whereby we provided television series and movies for premiere on
Showtime. Showtime agreed to license from us exclusive U.S. pay television
rights to the following television series: (a) 132 hours (six seasons) of The
Outer Limits (winner of the Cable Ace award for Best Dramatic Series in 1995
and 1996) of which 22 hours remained to be aired as of December 31, 1999; (b)
66 episodes (three seasons) of Poltergeist: The Legacy of which no episodes
remained to be aired as of December 31, 1999; and (c) 88 episodes (four
seasons) of Stargate SG-1 of which 30 episodes remained to be aired as of
December 31, 1999. We have no further commitments from Showtime with respect
to these series. Following their initial exhibition cycle on Showtime, we
exploit these programs further in other markets. In this respect, we entered
into a license agreement with Sci-Fi Channel for the exclusive domestic basic
cable exhibition rights of The Outer Limits, Poltergeist: The Legacy and
Stargate SG-I. Additionally, we produced 22 new episodes of Poltergeist for
USA/Sci Fi, of which no episodes remained to be aired as of December 31, 1999.
The programming agreement with Showtime also includes a commitment by
Showtime to license made-for-television movies from us, seven of which
remained to be produced as of December 31, 1999.
In 1998, we obtained a commitment from Paxson Communications to license 88
episodes of Flipper, a one-hour series, which includes a production order for
44 episodes, all of which have been delivered. The series began airing in fall
1998 on Paxson's PAX NET network, comprised principally of owned and operated
stations which cover in excess of 65 percent of U.S. television households.
In addition to National Enquirer TV, which premiered in first-run
syndication in September 1999, we are developing the following additional
series to begin airing no earlier than September 2000: Sex Wars, a daily half-
hour game show for first-run syndication; Chat Room America, a nightly,
interactive talk show for network or cable television; and a new American
Gladiators series to be financed and distributed domestically by Tribune. We
are also in the process of developing series such as: The Love Files, a half-
hour talk/game show for first-run syndication; Bull Durham, a one-hour
dramatic adaptation of our 1988 feature film for network or first-run
syndication; Sea Hunt, a one-hour action show based upon our 1960s adventure
series; Mystic Pizza, a one-hour dramatic adaptation of our 1988 feature film
for network or first-run syndication; The Thomas Crown Affairs, a one-hour
adaptation of our popular feature film for network or first-run syndication;
and Urban Legends, a one-hour anthology series for first-run syndication.
From time to time, we may produce series for network television on a
selective basis, which typically require deficit financing but generally offer
the potential for greater financial return. In our first sale of a series to
network television since 1994, we produced a two-hour pilot and 21 episodes of
The Magnificent Seven for CBS during the 1997/98 and 1998/99 broadcast
seasons. We have no further commitments from CBS with respect to this series.
We intend to pursue joint ventures, co-productions and other partnering
arrangements for some of our existing or future series in order to minimize
the up-front capital investment and limit the financial risk to us with
respect to the production of those series.
13
Since our ability to recover production costs and realize profits on our
television programs depends on various factors, including but not limited to
the programs' acceptance by the public, fluctuations in prevailing advertising
rates, and the ability to distribute the programs subsequent to their first-
run license, there can be no assurance that we can recover the production
costs or realize profits on any television series. Thus, there is a
substantial risk that some or all of our television projects will not be
commercially successful, resulting in costs not being recouped or anticipated
profits not being realized. See "--Distribution" and "--Competition." In
addition, our focus on first-run syndicated television programming is
generally licensed based on a pilot episode that we finance. If an
insufficient number of stations license the programming, our pilot costs will
not be recouped. There is also financial exposure to us after the programming
is licensed to the extent that advertising revenues and/or license fees we
receive are not sufficient to cover production costs. Moreover, we may have
certain financial obligations to the producer of a first-run syndicated series
if we cancel production prior to commencement of production for any broadcast
season for which the series was licensed.
Distribution
Theatrical Distribution
General. The initial step in the release of a motion picture is the booking
of engagements with theatrical exhibitors. The exhibitors retain a portion of
admissions paid at the box office, which generally includes a fixed amount per
week, as well as a percentage of the gross receipts that escalates over time.
A studio's or other producer's (or third party distributor's) share is
generally approximately 50 percent of gross box office receipts, although that
percentage has generally decreased in recent years and varies depending upon
factors such as market competition and the overall performance of the film.
We intend to release a slate of films appealing to a wide variety of
audiences. By strategically timing the release of our motion pictures
throughout the year, we intend to avoid some of the risks posed when a motion
picture is inappropriately released during the most crowded and competitive
box office seasons. We believe that this strategy is unlikely to have a
negative impact on our ability to generate home video rentals.
All motion pictures that we release theatrically in the U.S. and Canada,
whether produced by MGM Pictures, UA Films or third parties, are marketed and
distributed by MGM Distribution Co. Additionally, we currently distribute our
motion pictures in theatrical markets outside of the U.S. and Canada through
UIP, a partnership owned equally by us, Paramount and Universal. UIP is the
largest theatrical motion picture distribution company outside the U.S., with
distribution activities in over 50 countries. UIP has a cost sharing
arrangement that requires each partner to be responsible for one-third of
UIP's annual operating overhead. UIP charges each partner a distribution fee
of 35 percent of gross theatrical receipts until the fee equals one-third of
the annual operating costs of the partnership, and thereafter a negotiated
percentage of any additional gross receipts as a fee for incremental use of
the organization. Each partner bears all of its own releasing costs and
retains all cash flow from its pictures after payment of fees. As discussed in
the following paragraph, we will be exiting the UIP venture no later than
November 1, 2000. See "--Regulation."
In June 1999, we entered into an agreement with Fox pursuant to which Fox
will provide distribution services for our films in the international
theatrical market. This distribution arrangement will take effect at the
expiration of our license agreement with UIP, no later than November 1, 2000.
Although Fox will be servicing international theatrical distribution
activities on our behalf, we have reserved broad powers to direct and control
the handling and release of our films. We believe that this arrangement with
Fox will reduce the amount of fixed overhead related to the distribution of
our theatrical product in the international marketplace.
Co-Production and Distribution Agreements. In addition to producing motion
pictures independently, we enter into co-production agreements, such as those
with Miramax and Universal, split rights deals and similar arrangements under
which we retain certain distribution rights with respect to a picture and
share the cost of production with a partner that obtains other rights. While
such agreements limit our risk relating to a motion picture's performance as
they reduce our production costs, such agreements also limit profitability. We
also
14
acquire rights to distribute films through negative pickup arrangements under
which we acquire a completed motion picture, or certain rights therein, from a
third party. Under co-production agreements, split rights deals or negative
pickup arrangements, we may be committed to spend specified amounts for prints
and advertising. Additionally, we occasionally enter into "rent-a-system"
arrangements under which we provide distribution services to an independent
film company for a percentage distribution fee. Under rent-a-system
arrangements, the independent film company generally is responsible for all
print and advertising costs. These types of arrangements may be entered into
before, during or after production of a particular motion picture.
Theatrical Marketing. Our theatrical marketing department consists of five
functional groups: research, media planning, advertising, promotion and
publicity. The objective of the marketing department is to maximize each
motion picture's commercial potential by designing and implementing a
marketing campaign tailored to appeal to the picture's most receptive
audience. The marketing process begins with research before a motion picture
is completed. The research department determines, through audience screenings
and focus groups, a motion picture's appeal to its most likely target
audience. The marketing group begins to develop marketing materials well in
advance of a motion picture's scheduled theatrical release. The marketing
campaign generally begins six months before release with the circulation of
teaser trailers, posters and exhibitor advertising materials. The campaign
becomes more aggressive two to three months before release as full-length
trailers are released in theaters and additional materials are sent to
exhibitors. Finally, a national media campaign is launched four to five weeks
before opening day. This media campaign generally involves advertising a
picture's release on national television, including network prime time and
syndication markets, national cable and radio and in magazines, newspapers and
specific target markets. In addition, public appearances, such as television
talk shows, are arranged for a picture's stars in order to promote the film.
The entire process is managed by our in-house staff, although outside agencies
are frequently retained to provide creative services.
Home Video Distribution
Our marketing and distribution strategy in the home video market
domestically and internationally is to (a) market our motion picture and
television titles in cohesive promotions, (b) create branded product lines,
(c) adapt to a maturing home video rental market and a growing DVD market (d)
release new motion pictures into the home entertainment market at the time of
the year that we believe will generate the most sales without diminishing
revenues from other markets. We have recently repackaged and repriced a number
of library titles through the creation of various branded lines. Examples of
these branded lines include MGM's Movie Time, Contemporary Classics, Avant
Garde, Vintage Classics, Documentaries and Midnite Movies. We believe this
strategy has resulted in increased shelf space in video retail stores and that
this increased visibility has led to increased sales of library titles. This
strategy has also been used to expand the sales and distribution of the Orion
catalog titles. The addition of the PolyGram library titles acquired in 1999
is expected to enhance the longevity and sales potential of our existing
branded lines and contribute to the creation of new branded lines.
Additionally, in connection with new films which we release into the market,
we often release related library films, or groups of library films, in order
to increase sales of both the library films and new releases. An example is
the worldwide re-release of the James Bond video catalog conducted in
connection with the November 1999 theatrical release of The World Is Not
Enough. We intend to continue this strategy of packaging groups of films or
film franchises and releasing them in connection with the releases of our most
highly visible new films.
MGM Home Entertainment Inc. manages the marketing and distribution of both
current feature motion pictures and library product of MGM Studios and Orion
and their subsidiaries in the home video and other home entertainment markets.
In 1990, as part of the acquisition of MGM/UA by Pathe, MGM-Pathe (the
predecessor in interest to MGM Studios), MGM/UA and UA Pictures entered into a
long-term agreement with the predecessor to Warner Home Video, granting to
Warner Home Video certain home video distribution rights with respect to new
motion pictures and the motion picture library of MGM/UA and UA Pictures
throughout the world for a distribution fee expressed as a percentage of
worldwide home video revenues. The Warner Home Video agreement was originally
scheduled to expire in May 2003, with the home video rights of each of the
films still covered by the
15
Warner Home Video agreement at that time reverting to us five years after the
film's initial availability in the U.S. home video market. In 1999, we entered
into an agreement with Warner Home Video and Turner to accelerate the
expiration of the Warner Home Video agreement. Under this agreement, Warner
Home Video completed its distribution of certain of our product in the home
video marketplace on January 31, 2000. As part of this agreement, (a) we paid
Warner Home Video $225.0 million and (b) we reconveyed as of January 1, 1999
to Warner Home Video our right to distribute in the home video markets
worldwide until June 2001, approximately 2,950 titles from the Old MGM
library, the Turner library and all pre-1949 Warner titles, which titles had
been serviced under the Warner Home Video agreement.
Even with the Warner Home Video agreement in effect, our home video sales
have increased since 1993. From 1993 to 1999, we increased our annual
worldwide home video gross revenue from feature films by 50 percent, from
$243.0 million to $364.5 million. We believe that this increase is in part a
result of more effective and efficient marketing, the distribution of more
current product, the distribution of more titles due to the Orion acquisition,
the renegotiation of key vendor relationships, a reorganization of our
distribution infrastructure and the emergence of DVD and e-commerce sales.
We have handled the distribution of our product in the domestic home video
market since February 2000. We believe that the agreement to terminate the
Warner Home Video agreement, our transition to self-distribution in the
domestic market and our international agreement with Fox, as discussed below,
will enable us to manage home video distribution in a more cost-effective
manner and further increase sales and profitability. Although we have
experienced video distribution management, we cannot assure you that we will
not encounter unanticipated problems related to the early termination of the
Warner Home Video agreement or the establishment of our own distribution
infrastructure, nor can we assure you that we will realize the anticipated
benefits of self-distribution in the domestic home video marketplace or
distribution through Fox in the international home video marketplace.
In June 1999, we entered into an agreement with Fox pursuant to which Fox
will provide distribution services for our films in the international home
video market. This distribution arrangement became effective on February 1,
2000. Although Fox will be servicing international home video distribution
activities on our behalf, we have reserved broad powers to direct and control
the handling of our home video product.
We have entered into revenue sharing agreements for our new releases and
certain library titles pursuant to which we lease titles to rental
establishments and receive a percentage of the consumer rental revenues
generated from such titles. We anticipate that we will continue to enter into
more of such agreements in the future. Although we can give you no assurance,
in part because of the recent introduction of these arrangements in the
industry, we believe that such arrangements may increase our revenues from the
home video rental market by allowing us to participate in increased revenues
from successful titles even though these revenues will be received over a
longer period.
We intend to capitalize on new distribution technologies and emerging
distribution formats such as DVD, a high-quality mass-produced delivery system
for video and audio data. We believe that we have positioned ourselves to
benefit from the rapid market growth of the DVD format. The DVD hardware
installed base in the United States grew from over one million households at
the beginning of 1999 to over four million households by the end of 1999, with
a projected base of ten million households by the end of 2000. This rapid
growth, combined with the strong desire among new DVD owners to create new
film collections, will continue to be a source of incremental profitability
for us in the near future. We intend to continue rapid expansion of our DVD
library product into 2001. The development and/or emergence of such
distribution technologies, platforms and formats, however, may create new
risks to the Company's ability to protect its intellectual property.
Television Distribution
General. We generally license our current theatrical motion pictures for pay
television through output agreements pursuant to which films not yet produced
are pre-licensed for a specified fee paid on delivery. We believe that output
agreements with international distributors with recognized expertise are
beneficial as they
16
assure that a significant advance will be received for a given territory and
that a prominent distributor with recognized distribution and marketing
capabilities will distribute the picture in such territory.
We intend to enter into relatively short-term licenses of our library motion
pictures for pay and free television in packages that are strategically
designed for the relevant marketplace. We have created a proprietary database
for use by our sales force which contains detailed information on each of our
films, including dates of availability, media controlled by us, sales history,
genre, format, length, stars, soundtrack, etc. The sales force can utilize
this information in order to create strategically designed packages of motion
pictures based on one or more various criteria. We believe that this system
provides our sales force with an advantage in a competitive marketplace that
requires large amounts of diverse content and is becoming more receptive to
packaged programming.
Domestic Pay Television. We have a theatrical motion picture output
agreement with Showtime requiring our future theatrical motion pictures to air
on Showtime's pay television network. The first output period expires upon the
first to occur of August 31, 2001 or the delivery of 150 pictures (other than
specialty pictures) under the agreement. As of December 31, 1999, we had
delivered 45 pictures to Showtime. The second output period commences on
September 1, 2001 and expires upon the first to occur of December 31, 2003 or
the delivery of 65 additional pictures (other than specialty pictures).
Additionally, the agreement requires our future specialty motion pictures
(i.e., pictures released under the UA Films logo) to air on Showtime's pay
television network. The output period for specialty motion pictures expires
upon the first to occur of December 31, 2003 or the delivery of 50 specialty
motion pictures. The license fees for each picture are determined according to
a formula based on U.S. theatrical rentals of such picture, with special
provisions applicable to the specialty motion pictures.
Our subsidiary, Orion, has a theatrical motion picture output agreement with
HBO requiring future theatrical motion pictures produced and distributed by
Orion to air on HBO's pay television network. The license fees for each
picture are determined according to a formula based on U.S. theatrical rentals
of such picture. The agreement expires on December 31, 2001, but HBO has the
right to extend the agreement through December 31, 2006.
Domestic Free Television. We distribute our feature motion pictures to U.S.
and Canadian networks, local television stations in the U.S. and Canada and
basic cable networks. We also generate revenue by granting syndication
licenses on a barter basis. Barter syndication allows the television stations
to license our product in exchange for a portion of the local commercial
airtime. We, in turn, sell commercial airtime to advertisers on a national
basis, while the television stations retain a portion of the commercial air
time for local advertisers. We have used outside barter companies to sell
television spots to advertisers in the past, but we commenced our own barter
sales business in 1996.
In connection with the acquisition of MGM/UA by Pathe in November 1990, MGM-
Pathe licensed the domestic free television rights to a substantial portion of
its library (the UA library and the post-1986 MGM/UA titles in theatrical
release at the time, constituting approximately 850 titles) and selected
television programs to Turner for a period of ten years beginning from the
availability of each such product in that market. The license excludes motion
pictures released theatrically after 1987. The Turner license was amended in
1999 to extend Turner's license period by approximately one year, to reconvey
200 titles from the license to us and to allow us to use the remaining product
licensed to Turner, on a non-exclusive basis, on MGM branded cable or
satellite channels that we may develop in the future. With respect to most of
the motion pictures and television programming covered by the Turner license,
the domestic free television rights revert to us between 2002 and 2005. We
expect to receive relatively little revenue from the licensing of the product
covered by the agreement with Turner in the domestic free television market
until such product reverts to us. We believe that, due to the significant
increases in licensing fees for domestic television since 1990, the expiration
of the Turner license and our subsequent ability to freely license the library
in this market, together with our ability to utilize these titles on MGM
branded cable and satellite channels, will generate incremental revenue for
us. See "--Film and Television Library."
17
International Pay and Free Television. We currently distribute our motion
pictures and television product through pay television licenses in over 90
territories. We have output agreements with licensees in major territories,
including Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Spain, Japan, Latin America and
Brazil. In 1999, we received $66.8 million in revenue from international pay
television distribution, accounting for six percent of our total revenue for
the year.
We currently distribute our motion pictures and television product through
free television licenses in over 100 territories. In 1999, we received $158.1
million in revenues under these agreements, accounting for 14 percent of our
total revenues for the year. These license arrangements typically provide
licensees with the right to exhibit the licensed motion pictures on television
for a specific number of airings over a period of three to seven years.
However, in connection with the acquisition of MGM/UA by Pathe in November
1990, MGM-Pathe entered into long-term licenses of pay and free television
rights for theatrical and television movies and, in some cases, television
series in its library at that time with United Communications (France) and
F.O.R.T.A. (Spain). A similar agreement had been entered into in 1984 with
Degeto Film (Germany). Substantially all of the license fees under these long-
term licenses have already been paid to us, and therefore, we do not expect to
receive significant revenue from these licenses in future periods. With
respect to most of the motion pictures licensed to United Communications, the
rights granted currently revert to us through 2003. The James Bond features
were excluded from such license. With respect to most of the motion pictures
licensed to F.O.R.T.A., the free television rights are currently reverting to
us through the end of 2000. The distribution rights to the motion pictures and
television series licensed under the original Degeto agreement were scheduled
to return to us incrementally through 2010. In January 2000, however, we
amended the Degeto agreement to reclaim non-exclusive pay television rights in
Germany to the approximately 425 titles subject to the license, effective
January 1, 2000, and to extend Degeto's now non-exclusive license period on a
majority of such licensed titles by approximately 18 months. This recent
agreement with Degeto now provides us with an opportunity to generate
incremental revenue in Germany's pay television market. See "--Film and
Television Library."
Additionally, Orion entered into certain long-term licenses covering a
significant number of its library motion pictures in the international free
and pay television markets. Orion had already received substantially all of
the license fees under these licenses, prior to our acquisition of Orion, and
therefore, we do not expect significant revenue from these licenses in future
periods. Orion also licensed titles to Capitol Film and TV International
(Germany), Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Telediffusion (France), British Sky
Broadcasting (the United Kingdom), Film Finance Group, Inc. and Principal
Network Limited (Italy) and Televisio de Catalunya, S.A. (Spain). The
distribution rights granted to Capitol Film and TV International revert to
Orion in 2025. The distribution rights granted to Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de
Telediffusion revert to Orion between 2009 and 2019. The distribution rights
granted to British Sky Broadcasting currently are reverting to Orion, with
such reversion being complete in 2002. The distribution rights granted to Film
Finance Group, Inc. and Principal Network Limited revert to Orion through
2012. The distribution rights granted to Televisio de Catalunya, S.A.
currently are reverting to Orion, with such reversion being complete in 2010.
We believe that, due to the importance of France, Spain, the United Kingdom
and Italy and the significant increases in licensing fees for television in
these markets since 1990, the expiration of these licenses and our subsequent
ability to freely license our library in these markets could create
substantial incremental revenue.
The MGM/UA and Orion licenses discussed above (in "--Domestic Free
Television" and "--International Pay and Free Television") cover a cross-
section of the motion pictures in our library. Although we exploit the
remaining titles in the library in these markets, they do not generate
significant revenues.
In addition to licensing packages of films, we hold equity positions ranging
from approximately five percent to 25 percent in joint ventures such as LAPTV,
Telecine, Star Channel and Movie Network Channels, which are emerging
international premium film satellite television networks broadcasting in
different territories around the world. We have entered into license
agreements with respect to each of LAPTV, Telecine, Star Channel and Movie
Network Channels, licensing theatrical and television motion pictures to each
of the ventures.
18
Branded Cable and Satellite Channels. We believe that pursuing our strategy
of providing strategically pooled, branded MGM programming through the
licensing of programming packages to cable networks and television
broadcasters, as well as through the development of new channels of
distribution that deliver our programming, will provide opportunities in the
international marketplace as foreign countries continue to develop cable
television infrastructures and satellite television becomes more available. We
cannot assure you that we will have the financing that may be necessary for
such acquisitions or investments, that we will consummate such transactions or
that we will be able to realize any anticipated benefits from any such
transactions.
In May 1998, MGM and an indirect subsidiary of United International Holdings
combined our respective Latin American cable programming businesses into a
joint venture to form MGM Networks Latin America. Under the terms of the joint
venture, we acquired a 50 percent equity interest in the venture by
contributing our branded Brazilian channel which began operations in December
1997. In turn, UIH contributed its 100 percent interest in United Family
Communications, which produces and distributes Casa Club TV to satellite and
cable television distributors throughout Latin America and Brazil, for a 50
percent interest in the joint venture. We share equally in the profits of the
venture and as of December 31, 1999, are obligated to fund 50 percent of the
joint venture's expenses up to an additional $5.5 million. We have funded
approximately $18.5 million to the venture as of December 31, 1999. We have a
license agreement with MGM Networks Latin America, licensing certain motion
pictures and trademarks to the venture. The joint venture is based in Coral
Gables, Florida. MGM Latin America and MGM Brazil are general entertainment
channels programmed by the joint venture primarily with MGM theatrical and
television product. Casa Club TV is a lifestyle channel offering home and
garden, food and other lifestyle programming. As of December 31, 1999, MGM
Networks Latin America distributed its signal to approximately 5.0 million
homes in 16 countries throughout Latin America.
In January 2000 we entered into an agreement with Tel-Ad (Israel), to
establish a movie channel showcasing the MGM film library in the region. We
will hold a 35 percent equity interest in the channel, which is expected to
launch in the second quarter of 2000 and is expected to be available on basic
cable to more than 80 percent of total television households in Israel. We
have entered into a licensing agreement with the channel and will receive a
branding fee for the channel's use of the MGM brand.
Trademarks and Consumer Products
We own the registered trademarks Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, MGM, United Artists,
UA, Orion, Cannon and variations thereof, as well as trademarks, logos and
other representations of characters, such as The Pink Panther, from motion
pictures and television series we produced or distributed. In 1999, we
received $10.7 million in revenue from the licensing of these trademarks,
logos and other representations.
We believe that the MGM name and its lion logo are among the most recognized
in the world, evoking images of classic Hollywood. We believe that the name
and logo represent assets of which the value has been substantially unrealized
in the past. We plan to pursue a focused branded strategy that will capitalize
upon our name and logo and seek licensing opportunities for such name and
logo, as well as our other trademarks, in a range of product categories and
distribution channels.
In February 1980, our predecessor-in-interest granted to a predecessor-in-
interest to MGM Grand, Inc. an exclusive open-ended royalty-free license,
which was amended in 1992 and further amended in 1998. Pursuant to the
license, as amended, MGM Grand, Inc. has the right to use certain trademarks
that include the letters "MGM," as well as logos and names consisting of or
related to stylized depictions of a lion, in its resort hotel and/or gaming
businesses and other businesses that are not related to filmed entertainment.
In 1986, MGM/UA granted MGM Grand Air, Inc. an exclusive open-ended royalty-
free license to use one of its logos consisting of a stylized depiction of a
lion in Grand Air's airline business. See "Item 13. Certain Relationships and
Related Transactions." For additional information regarding our operating
segments, see the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto.
19
Competition
Motion picture production and distribution are highly competitive
businesses. We face competition from companies within the entertainment
business, as well as alternative forms of leisure entertainment. We compete
with the other major studios, numerous independent motion picture and
television production companies, television networks and pay television
systems for the acquisition of literary properties, the services of performing
artists, directors, producers and other creative and technical personnel and
production financing. Numerous organizations with which we compete in the
motion picture industry have significantly greater financial and other
resources than MGM, while the independent production companies may have less
overhead than MGM. Most of the other major studios are part of large
diversified corporate groups with a variety of other operations, including
television networks and cable channels, which can provide both means of
distributing their products and stable sources of earnings that offset the
fluctuations in the financial performance of their motion picture and
television operations. See "--Distribution--Television Distribution."
In addition, our motion pictures compete for audience acceptance and
exhibition outlets with motion pictures produced and distributed by other
companies. As a result, the success of any of our motion pictures is dependent
not only on the quality and acceptance of a particular picture, but also on
the quality and acceptance of other competing motion pictures released into
the marketplace at or near the same time. The number of films released by our
competitors, particularly the other major film studios, in any given period
may create an oversupply of product in the market, thereby potentially
reducing our share of gross box office admissions and making it more difficult
for our films to succeed.
Competition is also intense within the television industry. There are
numerous suppliers of television programming, including the networks, the
television production divisions of the major studios and independent
producers, all of which compete actively for the limited number of available
broadcast hours. Our programming competes with first-run programming, network
reruns and programs produced by local television stations. Competition is also
intense in supplying motion pictures and other programming for the pay
television and home video markets. Numerous organizations with which we
compete in the television industry have significantly greater financial and
other resources than MGM.
The entertainment industry in general, and the motion picture and television
industry in particular, are continuing to undergo significant changes,
primarily due to technological developments. Due to this rapid growth of
technology, shifting consumer tastes and the popularity and availability of
other forms of entertainment, it is impossible to predict the overall effect
these factors will have on the potential revenue and profitability of feature-
length motion pictures and television programming.
Employees
As of December 31, 1999, we had approximately 890 full-time and part-time
regular employees in our worldwide operations. Of that total, approximately 90
were primarily engaged in production and development, approximately 320 were
primarily engaged in sales, marketing and distribution and approximately 480
were primarily engaged in management and administration. Approximately 140 of
our employees are currently covered by employment contracts. We also hire
additional employees on a picture-by-picture basis in connection with the
production of our motion pictures and television programming. The salaries of
these additional employees, as well as portions of the salaries of certain
full-time employees who provide direct production services, are typically
allocated to the capitalized cost of the related motion pictures or television
programming. We believe that our employee and labor relations are good.
Approximately 25 of our current employees (and many of the employees that we
hire on a project-by-project basis) are represented under industry-wide
collective bargaining agreements with various unions, including the Writers
Guild of America, the Directors Guild of America, the Screen Actors Guild, and
the International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees. A strike, job action
or labor disturbance by the members of any of these organizations may have a
material adverse effect on the production of a motion picture or television
program within the United States.
20
Regulation
In 1994, the U.S. was unable to reach agreement with its major international
trading partners to include audiovisual works, such as television programs and
motion pictures, under the terms of the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs
Treaty. The failure to include audiovisual works under GATT allows many
countries (including members of the European Union, which consists of Austria,
Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Finland, France, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom)
to continue enforcing quotas that restrict the amount of U.S. produced
television programming which may be aired on television in such countries. The
European Union Council of Ministers has adopted a directive requiring all
member states of the European Union to enact laws specifying that broadcasters
must reserve, where practicable, a majority of their transmission time
(exclusive of news, sports, game shows and advertising) for European works.
The directive must be implemented by appropriate legislation in each member
country. Under the directive, member states remain free to require
broadcasters under their jurisdiction to comply with stricter rules. For
example, France requires that original French programming constitute a
required portion of all programming aired on French television. These quotas
generally apply only to television programming and not to theatrical
exhibition of motion pictures, but quotas on the theatrical exhibition of
motion pictures could also be enacted in the future. We cannot assure you that
additional or more restrictive theatrical or television quotas will not be
enacted or that countries with existing quotas will not more strictly enforce
such quotas. Additional or more restrictive quotas or more stringent
enforcement of existing quotas could materially and adversely affect our
business by limiting our ability to exploit fully our motion pictures
internationally.
Distribution rights to motion pictures are granted legal protection under
the copyright laws of the U.S. and most foreign countries, which laws provide
substantial civil and criminal sanctions for unauthorized duplication and
exhibition of motion pictures. We seek to take appropriate and reasonable
measures to secure, protect and maintain or obtain agreements to secure,
protect and maintain copyright protection for all of our motion pictures or
television programming under the laws of applicable jurisdictions. Motion
picture piracy is an international as well as a domestic problem. Motion
picture piracy is extensive in many parts of the world, including South
America, Asia (including Korea, China and Taiwan), the countries of the former
Soviet Union and other former Eastern bloc countries. In addition to the MPAA,
the Motion Picture Association, the American Film Marketing Association and
the American Film Export Association monitor the progress and efforts made by
various countries to limit or prevent piracy. In the past, these various trade
associations have enacted voluntary embargoes of motion picture exports to
certain countries in order to pressure the governments of those countries to
become more aggressive in preventing motion picture piracy. In addition, the
U.S. government has publicly considered trade sanctions against specific
countries which do not take steps to prevent copyright infringement of U.S.
produced motion pictures. There can be no assurance that voluntary industry
embargoes or U.S. government trade sanctions will be enacted. If enacted, such
actions could impact the amount of revenue that we realize from the
international exploitation of our motion pictures depending upon the countries
subject to such action and the duration of such action. If not enacted or if
other measures are not taken, the motion picture industry (including MGM) may
continue to lose an indeterminate amount of revenues as a result of motion
picture piracy.
Article 85(1) of the Treaty of Rome prohibits certain agreements and
concerted practices which prevent, restrict or distort trade within the
European Union. In 1989, after several years of proceedings before the
European Commission, UIP received an exemption from Article 85(1) with respect
to its theatrical distribution activities in the European Union. In connection
with this exemption, UIP gave certain undertakings to the European Commission.
The 1989 exemption expired in 1993, and UIP filed an application seeking
renewal of such exemption. In July 1996, the European Commission conducted
unannounced visits of four of UIP's offices in Europe, interviewing officers
and copying documents. These visits were based on complaints submitted to the
European Commission by third parties, to the effect that UIP was acting in an
anti-competitive manner and was not complying with certain of the undertakings
given by it in connection with receiving the 1989 exemption. In addition, in
January 1998, the Competition Directorate of the Commission of the European
Communities issued a Statement of Objections in response to UIP's renewal
application. The Statement of Objections indicated that, although a final
decision had not been taken, the Commission was of the opinion that the
exemption granted to UIP in 1989 should not be extended and that UIP should be
required to cease operations in the European Union. UIP responded to the
Statement of Objections in May 1998 and a hearing was held before the European
21
Commission in late September 1998. In July 1999, the European Commission
published an official notice in the Official Journal of the European
Communities stating its intention to take a favorable view of the UIP case,
subject to certain amendments to the various UIP agreements and certain
additional understandings. In September 1999, the European Commission renewed
UIP's exemption.
On February 2, 1999, the United States Department of Justice (Antitrust
Division), in the course of an antitrust investigation, issued a civil
investigative demand to us, requiring us to produce certain documents and
answer certain interrogatories concerning conduct, activities or proposed
action in the motion picture exhibition industry. We believe that similar
demands were issued to other major studios. We have complied with the civil
investigative demand. See "Item 3. Legal Proceedings."
On June 1, 1999, President Clinton asked the Department of Justice and the
Federal Trade Commission to study the extent to which the video game, music
and movie industries market violent content to children and whether those
industries are abiding by their own voluntary rating systems and regulations.
On January 3, 2000, we, along with the other major studios, received a request
for information from the Federal Trade Commission in connection with the
study. We are voluntarily cooperating with the Federal Trade Commission on
providing information for this study. See "Item 3. Legal Proceedings."
The Code and Ratings Administration of the MPAA assigns ratings indicating
age-group suitability for theatrical distribution of motion pictures. We have
followed and will continue to follow the practice of submitting our pictures
for such ratings. As a substantial number of our films are rated "R," under
rules enforced by theatrical exhibitors, children under certain ages may
attend the applicable motion picture only if accompanied by an adult.
United States television stations and networks as well as foreign
governments impose content restrictions on motion pictures that may restrict
in whole or in part exhibition on television or in a particular territory.
There can be no assurance that such restrictions will not limit or alter our
ability to exhibit certain motion pictures in such media or markets.
Item 2. Properties
We lease approximately 375,000 square feet of office space, as well as
related parking and storage facilities, for our corporate headquarters in
Santa Monica, California under several leases which generally expire in May
2003. We also lease approximately 27,000 square feet in New York City for our
East Coast publicity, marketing and theatrical and television distribution
offices under a lease that expires in June 2004. Additionally, we lease
approximately 40,000 square feet of office space in Los Angeles, California,
which has been used by Orion, under a lease that expires in January 2004. The
current monthly rent for the above properties is approximately $1.1 million in
the aggregate (in addition to taxes, insurance and certain expenses paid by
us). We sublease to third parties the office space used by Orion prior to its
acquisition by us. In addition, we maintain small home entertainment and
domestic theatrical and television distribution branches in various locations
in the United States and Canada and have small international television
distribution offices in London and Sydney. Our current monthly rent for the
warehouse and storage facilities that house, among other things, our film and
video inventory, records, furniture and artwork, is approximately $250,000. We
also lease studio facilities and stages from unaffiliated parties on an as-
needed basis in connection with the production of specific motion picture and
television projects.
We believe that our current facilities are adequate to conduct our business
operations for the foreseeable future.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
On November 16, 1999, the United States Court for the District of Nevada
dismissed with prejudice two consolidated litigations entitled Turner
Broadcasting System, Inc. et al. vs. Tracinda Corporation and Turner
Broadcasting System, Inc., et al. vs. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc. (Base File CV-
S-97-415). Turner alleged that,
22
as a result of Turner's 1986 acquisition of a predecessor-in-interest to MGM
Studios and related transactions, there was a $260 million tax loss and that
the defendants were contractually obligated to pay over to Turner any
resulting tax benefits attributable to that loss that Tracinda has received or
will be allowed. We had not claimed and will not receive any such tax
benefits. The cases were dismissed pursuant to a November 1999 Settlement
Agreement between and among the parties, where, among other things, Turner
released us from any and all claims relating in any way to any claim or fact
alleged in the actions.
In May 1996 MGM Studios initiated an action in Los Angeles County Superior
Court against the Walt Disney Company to compel the reconveyance of rights
granted to Disney Productions with respect to Western European territories
under long-term license granted to Disney in June 1985. We also claimed that
Disney Productions' breach of the reconveyance obligation entitled us under
the terms of the Disney license to terminate the Disney license altogether.
Trial proceedings with respect to such action began in October 1997, and we
received a jury verdict in our favor with respect to the Western European
rights on November 5, 1997. The court granted summary adjudication in favor of
Disney denying us the right to terminate Disney's U.S. rights under the Disney
license. We appealed this aspect of the decision. In an unpublished opinion
filed February 16, 1999, the Court of Appeal affirmed the trial court's
summary adjudication in favor of Disney. We filed a Petition for Review of the
Appellate Court's decision with the Supreme Court of the State of California.
This Petition was denied on May 12, 1999.
Orion was a defendant in a matter entitled Sidney Sapsowitz et al. v. John
W. Kluge, Metromedia International Group, Inc., and Orion Pictures Corp., et
al., which was filed in June 1997. The plaintiffs claimed a "finder's fee" of
$28.5 million in connection with the Orion acquisition. Pursuant to the terms
of agreements executed in connection with the Orion acquisition, we were fully
indemnified by Metromedia International Group, Inc. with respect to the
action. In 1999, the parties settled the action with no liability to Orion.
On November 17, 1997, MGM and Danjaq filed an action entitled Danjaq, LLC,
et al. v. Sony Corporation, et al. in federal court in Los Angeles (Case No.
97-8414ER (Mcx)) against Sony Corporation and related parties relating to a
press release issued by Sony Pictures announcing plans to produce a series of
new James Bond feature films based on alleged rights that Sony had acquired
from Kevin McClory. Mr. McClory had been a producer of Thunderball. On July
29, 1998, the court preliminarily enjoined Sony Pictures and the other
defendants from the production, preparation, distribution, advertising or
other exploitation in the United States of a James Bond motion picture in any
medium and from using the "James Bond" and the "James Bond 007" trademarks in
the United States. On March 29, 1999, MGM and Danjaq entered into a settlement
agreement with Sony Pictures and related parties that provided for a payment
by the Sony parties and an agreement by the Sony parties which effectively
makes permanent the court's July 1998 preliminary injunction. Specifically,
the Sony parties agreed (i) not to make or distribute any James Bond motion
pictures in the United States based on Thunderball or any other purported
rights deriving from Mr. McClory, and (ii) not to utilize the "James Bond" and
the "James Bond 007" trademarks in the United States. Mr. McClory and his
related companies did not participate in this settlement agreement. Under the
terms of a separate agreement entered into on March 29, 1999, MGM and Danjaq
acquired from Columbia all of Columbia's rights to Casino Royale and the Sony
parties agreed to broaden the contractual prohibition regarding making or
distributing James Bond films and the James Bond trademarks, as described
above, throughout the world. Mr. McClory did not participate in the settlement
and has retained certain counterclaims against MGM and Danjaq for copyright
infringement. The trial is currently scheduled to commence on March 28, 2000.
See "Item 1. Film and Television Library."
The background of Mr. McClory's claims is as follows. Prior to 1959, Ian
Fleming authored a number of novels depicting the adventures of James Bond,
and commencing in 1959, Mr. Fleming and Kevin McClory collaborated on the
development of certain plot lines and treatments and a script entitled
Thunderball, featuring the James Bond character. Mr. Fleming thereafter wrote
a novel of the same name. In 1961, Mr. McClory commenced litigation against
Mr. Fleming with regard to the script, the novel and certain related rights.
In 1962, prior to the settlement of the Fleming-McClory litigation, Mr.
Fleming effectively granted to a predecessor-in-interest of Danjaq the
exclusive worldwide rights to, among other things, make films based on Mr.
Fleming's existing or future James Bond novels (other than Thunderball or
Casino Royale) and to create original
23
screenplays about the adventures of James Bond not based on Mr. Fleming's
James Bond novels. This agreement further provides that the film rights to the
Thunderball novel that were the subject of the Fleming-McClory litigation
would also be transferred to Danjaq's predecessor to the extent Mr. Fleming
was permitted to transfer such rights following completion of the litigation.
The Fleming-McClory litigation was resolved in 1963 by a settlement among
Mr. Fleming, Mr. McClory and the other parties to the litigation in which Mr.
McClory acknowledged that Mr. Fleming was the creator and proprietor of the
James Bond character. Pursuant to that settlement, Mr. McClory was, in effect,
given the film rights in the Thunderball documents and scripts attached to the
settlement agreement, the rights to reproduce any part of Mr. Fleming's
Thunderball novel in a film and to exhibit any such film in any manner
whatsoever and the rights to use the James Bond character in the film
Thunderball. We believe these rights, at most, give Mr. McClory the right to
make films of the story in the novel Thunderball (i.e. a "remake" of
Thunderball). Mr. McClory produced the film Thunderball (with UA and Danjaq)
in 1965. Mr. McClory has at various times since 1963 taken the position that
he has broader rights to use the James Bond character than simply remake
Thunderball, but since 1965 he has only made the 1983 film Never Say Never
Again, which Mr. McClory claimed was a remake of the film Thunderball.
We believe that a remake of Thunderball by Mr. McClory would not have a
material adverse effect on our business or results of operations. However, a
determination that Mr. McClory has broader rights to produce or exploit other
films, television programs or other similar programs that are based, in whole
or in part, on the James Bond character or that he has a right to any of the
profits from the James Bond films that Danjaq and MGM have produced could have
a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
On January 26, 2000, American International Specialty Lines Insurance
Company, or AISLIC, one of our insurers, filed an action entitled American
International Specialty Lines Insurance Company v. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc.,
et al. in Los Angeles Superior Court (Case No. BC 223707) seeking to rescind
our primary errors and omissions policy for a recent three-year coverage
period. AISLIC also seeks a declaration that no coverage exists under the
policy for certain claims tendered to AISLIC pursuant to the policy, including
the claims by Mr. McClory as discussed above. AISLIC alleges that information
pertinent to the claims now being tendered by us to AISLIC was omitted from
our application for insurance. While we have not yet been served with the
complaint, we have engaged counsel and plan vigorously to defend ourselves
against these claims.
On December 10, 1997, plaintiffs Nova Entertainment, GmbH and HAT
International, GmbH filed suit in the United States District Court for the
Central District of California, against us, for claims arising out of our
decision in 1997 not to enter into a financing, production and distribution
arrangement with the plaintiffs. On December 14, 1999, the court ordered the
case dismissed without prejudice. Thereafter, on December 30, 1999, the
parties entered into a settlement by agreement that, among other things,
resolved all claims that were or could have been set forth in the lawsuit and
the plaintiffs executed a dismissal with prejudice.
On February 2, 1999, the United States Department of Justice (Antitrust
Division), in the course of an antitrust investigation, issued a civil
investigative demand to us, requiring us to produce certain documents and
answer certain interrogatories concerning conduct, activities or proposed
action in the motion picture exhibition industry. We believe that similar
demands were issued to other major studios. We have complied with the civil
investigative demand. See "Item 1. Regulation."
On June 1, 1999, President Clinton asked the Department of Justice and the
Federal Trade Commission to study the extent to which the video game, music
and movie industries market violent content to children and whether those
industries are abiding by their own voluntary rating systems and regulations.
On January 3, 2000, we along with the other major studios, received a request
for information from the Federal Trade Commission in connection with the
study. We are voluntarily cooperating with the Federal Trade Commission. See
"Item 1. Regulation."
24
On January 19, 2000, a complaint was filed naming Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Home
Entertainment Inc. as a defendant in a matter entitled Chayn Reaction Video,
Inc., et al., v. Viacom Inc., et al. (Case No. 99CA0783-EP), which was filed
as a putative class action in the United States District Court for the Western
District of Texas San Antonio Division. Viacom Inc., Paramount Home Video,
Inc., Buena Vista Home Entertainment, Inc., Time Warner Entertainment Company,
L.P. d/b/a Warner Home Video, Columbia Tri-Star Home Video, Inc., Universal
Studios Home Video, Inc., and Twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment, Inc.
are also named as defendants in the action, which was originally filed against
them on July 21, 1999. The plaintiffs claim that the defendant studios
conspired with each other and with Blockbuster Inc. with respect to their home
video rental distribution arrangements to discriminate illegally against
independent video retailers in favor of Blockbuster, in violation of the
Sherman Antitrust Act, the California Cartwright Act, the California Unfair
Practices Act, and the California Unfair Competition Statute. We deny the
material allegations of the complaint, and we will defend ourselves vigorously
against plaintiffs' claims. The plaintiffs have not yet quantified their claim
for damages, nor has a class been certified.
In addition, from time to time, we become involved in other litigation
arising in the normal course of business, and we believe that none of such
other litigation as is currently pending will have a material adverse effect
on our financial condition or results of operations.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Securityholders
None.
Item 4(a). Executive Officers of the Company
Alex Yemenidjian, age 44, has been Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive
Officer since April 1999 and has been a director since November 1997. Mr.
Yemenidjian has served as a director of MGM Grand, Inc. since 1989. Mr.
Yemenidjian served as the President of MGM Grand, Inc. from July 1995 through
December 1999. Mr. Yemenidjian has also served MGM Grand, Inc. in other
capacities during such period, including as Chief Operating Officer from June
1995 until April 1999 and as Chief Financial Officer from May 1994 to January
1998. In addition, Mr. Yemenidjian served as an executive of Tracinda from
January 1990 to January 1997 and from February 1999 to April 1999.
Christopher J. McGurk, age 43, has been Vice Chairman of the Board and Chief
Operating Officer since April 1999. From November 1996 until joining MGM, Mr.
McGurk served in executive capacities with Universal Pictures, a division of
Universal Studios, most recently as President and Chief Operating Officer.
Prior to joining Universal, Mr. McGurk spent eight years at The Walt Disney
Company, including as President, Motion Pictures Group, Walt Disney Studios
from 1994 to 1996, and as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
from 1990 to 1994.
William A. Jones, age 58, has been Senior Executive Vice President and
Secretary since June 1997 and, prior thereto, served as Executive Vice
President--Corporate Affairs and Secretary since January 1995. Mr. Jones
served as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary from May
1991 to January 1995 and as General Counsel and Secretary of predecessors to
MGM since 1983. Mr. Jones was a director of MGM-Pathe from June 1991 to
January 1992.
Daniel J. Taylor, age 43, has been Senior Executive Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer since June 1998 and, prior thereto, was Executive Vice
President--Corporate Finance since August 1997. From May 1991 to July 1997,
Mr. Taylor served as an executive of Tracinda. Prior thereto, Mr. Taylor
served as Vice President--Taxes and in various other capacities at our
predecessor from 1985 to May 1991.
Robert Brada, age 34, has been Executive Vice President and General Counsel
since August 1998 and, prior thereto, served as Executive Vice President from
June 1998 through August 1998 and was Senior Vice President and Deputy General
Counsel since June 1995. Prior thereto, Mr. Brada was with the law firm of
White & Case LLP in its Los Angeles and Paris offices from 1990 to June 1995.
25
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters
Common Stock
Our common stock is listed with, and trades on, the New York Stock Exchange
under the symbol "MGM." On March 20, 2000, the closing sale price per share of
our common stock on the NYSE, as reported by the Dow Jones News Retrieval, was
$26 1/16. The following table sets forth the high and low closing sale prices
of the common stock on the NYSE, as reported by the Dow Jones News Retrieval,
for our two most recent fiscal years.
High Low
-------- ---------
1999
Fourth Quarter............................................ $25 1/8 $15 1/2
Third Quarter............................................. 21 5/8 16 7/8
Second Quarter............................................ 18 5/8 12 11/16
First Quarter............................................. 13 9/16 10 3/8
1998
Fourth Quarter............................................ $13 3/4 $ 8
Third Quarter............................................. 22 1/2 13 7/8
Second Quarter............................................ 26 1/2 21 15/16
First Quarter............................................. 24 3/16 17 3/4
As of March 20, 2000, there were 201,526,319 shares issued and outstanding
and in excess of 2000 beneficial holders of our common stock, including
individual participants in security position listings.
We have not paid any dividends to date on the common stock and currently
intend to retain any earnings to provide funds for the operation and expansion
of our business and for the servicing and repayment of indebtedness.
Therefore, we do not intend to pay cash dividends on our common stock for the
foreseeable future. Furthermore, as a holding company with no independent
operations, our ability to pay cash dividends will be dependent upon the
receipt of dividends or other payments from our subsidiaries. In addition, our
principal credit facility contains certain covenants which, among other
things, restrict the payment of dividends by us. See "Item 7. Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." Any
determination to pay cash dividends on the common stock in the future will be
at the sole discretion of MGM's Board of Directors.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
Pursuant to a Stock Option Agreement entered into as of October 10, 1996
between us and Tracinda, on October 14, 1999, Tracinda exercised in full its
option to purchase 156,251 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of
$6.41 per share and an aggregate exercise price of $1,001,569. Registration
was not required because the transaction did not involve a public offering
under Section 4(2) under the Securities Act of 1933.
26
Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data
Our selected consolidated financial data (including that of our predecessor)
presented below have been derived from our audited consolidated financial
statements. Our audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended
December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999, and the period from October 11 to December
31, 1996, and the audited consolidated financial statements of MGM Studios for
the period from January 1 to October 10, 1996 were audited by Arthur Andersen
LLP, independent public accountants. The audited consolidated financial
statements of MGM Studios for the year ended December 31, 1995 were audited by
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent public accountants.
Predecessor Successor
----------- ---------
October
Year Ended January 1 to 11 to Year Ended December 31,
December 31, October 10, December 31, -----------------------
1995 1996 1996(1) 1997(1)(2) 1998(1)(2) 1999(1)(2)(3)
------------ ------------ ------------ ----------- ---------- -------------
(in thousands, except share data)
Statements of Operations
Data:
Revenues................ $ 860,971 $ 912,706 $ 228,686 $ 831,302 $1,240,723 $ 1,142,433
Expenses:
Films and television
production and
distribution.......... 894,280 953,820 195,076 799,539 1,191,848 1,172,740
General and
administration
expenses.............. 64,175 60,056 18,319 87,644 92,244 92,116
Severance and related
costs................. -- -- -- -- 13,182 76,158
Contract termination
fee................... -- -- -- -- -- 225,000
Goodwill amortization.. 14,876 11,570 1,717 11,230 14,289 14,853
Provision for
impairment............ -- 563,829 (4) -- -- -- --
---------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
973,331 1,589,275 215,112 898,413 1,311,563 1,580,867
Operating income (loss). (112,360) (676,569) 13,574 (67,111) (70,840) (438,434)
Interest expense, net of
amounts capitalized.... (66,386) (71,375) (9,875) (53,105) (80,611) (86,445)
Interest and other
income, net............ 10,372 3,179 813 2,447 3,984 3,770
---------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
Income (loss) before
provision for income
taxes.................. (168,374) (744,765) 4,512 (117,769) (147,467) (521,109)
Income tax provision.... (935) (273) (4,346) (10,345) (10,181) (9,801)
---------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
Net income (loss)....... $ (169,309) $ (745,038) $ 166 $ (128,114) $ (157,648) $ (530,910)
========== ========== =========== =========== ========== ===========
Earnings (loss) per
share:
Basic.................. $ 0.01 $ (4.47) $ (2.08) $ (3.36)
Diluted................ $ 0.00 $ (4.47) $ (2.08) $ (3.36)
Weighted average number
of common shares
outstanding
Basic.................. 16,692,217 28,634,362 75,816,326 158,015,955
Diluted................ 37,796,672 28,634,362 75,816,326 158,015,955
Other Operating Data
(unaudited):
Cash flow from operating
activities............. $ 371,657 $ 343,137 $ 61,328 $ 245,318 $ 433,543 $ 264,722
Cash flow used in
investing activities... (710,812) (380,142) (1,390,861) (1,285,674) (903,922) (881,809)
Cash flow from financing
activities............. 328,029 44,852 1,345,394 1,028,784 521,566 715,227
EBITDA(3)(5)............ (81,588) (87,289) 16,709 (49,098) (47,987) (413,980)
Capital expenditures.... 9,376 6,901 2,079 9,555 14,005 14,883
Depreciation expense.... 4,021 4,645 1,418 6,783 8,564 9,601
Balance Sheet Data:
Cash and cash
equivalents............ $ 17,128 $ 24,717 $ 16,381 $ 3,978 $ 54,839 $ 152,213
Film and television
costs, net............. 1,565,438 1,006,402 1,099,201 1,867,126 2,076,663 2,164,458
Total assets............ 2,440,254 1,744,234 1,774,668 2,822,654 3,158,978 3,424,361
Bank and other debt..... 1,217,316 1,229,499 444,427 890,508 720,574 719,438
Stockholders' equity.... 659,499 -- 903,122 1,378,555 1,919,657 2,116,824
Cash dividends.......... 15,448 3,995 -- -- -- --
- -------
(1) Reflects the consolidated balance sheet and results of operations of the
combined entity resulting from our acquisition of MGM Studios.
(2) Reflects the consolidated balance sheet and results of operations of the
combined entity resulting from the acquisition of Orion.
(3) Reflects the effect of the $225.0 million contract termination settlement
with Warner Home Video and $214.6 million of restructuring and other
charges for the year ended December 31, 1999.
(4) The proceeds from the sale of MGM Studios were insufficient to recover the
net asset value of MGM Studios on the date of the disposition by
Consortium de Realisation. Accordingly, MGM Studios recorded a provision
for impairment of intangible assets of $563.8 million.
(5) "EBITDA" is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and
non-film amortization. While management considers EBITDA to be an
important measure of comparative operating performance, it should not be
construed as an alternative to operating income or cash flows from
operating activities (as determined in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles); EBITDA does not reflect cash necessary or
available to fund cash requirements, and the items excluded from EBITDA,
such as depreciation and non-film amortization, are significant components
in assessing our financial performance. Other significant uses of cash
flows are required before cash will be available to us, including debt
service, taxes and cash expenditures for various long-term assets. Our
calculation of EBITDA may be different from the calculation used by other
companies and, therefore, comparability may be limited. See "Item 7.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations--Liquidity and Capital Resources."
27
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with
"Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data" and our consolidated financial
statements and the related notes thereto and other financial information
contained elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
General
We are engaged primarily in the development, production and worldwide
distribution of theatrical motion pictures and television programming. See
"Item 1. Business."
Sources of Revenue
The principal sources of motion picture industry revenue are the domestic
and international distribution of motion pictures, including theatrical
exhibition, home video and television (network, syndication, basic cable, pay
and pay-per-view). Over the last decade, the relative contributions of these
components of revenues have changed dramatically. Although revenues from
domestic theatrical distribution have increased, growth in total motion
picture industry revenues has resulted predominantly from increased revenues
derived from the distribution of motion pictures internationally as well as
from other media and distribution channels.
Our feature films are exploited through a series of sequential domestic and
international distribution channels, typically beginning with theatrical
exhibition. Thereafter, feature films are first made available for home video
generally six months after theatrical release; for pay television, one year
after theatrical release; and for syndication, approximately three to five
years after theatrical release. Our television programming is produced for
initial broadcast on either pay, syndicated or network television in the
United States, followed by international territories and, in some cases,
worldwide video markets.
We distribute our motion picture and television productions in foreign
countries and, in recent years, have derived approximately 40 percent of our
revenues from foreign sources. Approximately 25 percent of our revenues are
denominated in foreign currencies. In addition, we incur certain operating and
production costs in foreign currencies. As a result, fluctuations in foreign
currency exchange rates can adversely affect our business, results of
operations and cash flows. We, in certain instances, enter into foreign
currency exchange contracts in order to reduce exposure to changes in foreign
currency exchange rates that affect the value of our firm commitments and
certain anticipated foreign currency cash flows. These contracts generally
mature within one year. We do not enter into foreign currency contracts for
speculative purposes. Realized gains and losses on contracts that hedge
anticipated future cash flows were not material in any of the periods
presented herein. We had no significant foreign currency exchange contracts
outstanding at December 31, 1999. See "Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative
Disclosures about Market Risk."
Cost Structure
General. In the motion picture industry, the largest component of the cost
of producing a motion picture generally is the negative cost, which includes
the "above-the-line" and "below-the-line" costs of producing the film. Above-
the-line costs are costs related to the acquisition of picture rights and the
costs associated with the producer, the director, the writer and the principal
cast. Below-the-line costs are the remaining costs involved in producing the
picture, such as film studio rental, principal photography, sound and editing.
Distribution expenses consist primarily of the costs of advertising and
preparing release prints. The costs of advertising associated with a major
domestic theatrical motion picture release are significant and typically
involve national and target market media campaigns, as well as public
appearances of a film's stars. These advertising costs are separate from the
advertising costs associated with other domestic distribution channels and the
international market.
28
The major studios generally fund production costs from cash flow generated
by motion picture and related distribution activities or bank and other
financing methods. Over the past decade, expenses in the motion picture
industry have increased rapidly as a result of increased production costs and
distribution expenses. Additionally, each of the major studios must fund
substantial overhead costs, consisting primarily of salaries and related costs
of the production, distribution and administrative staffs, as well as
facilities costs and other recurring overhead.
Participations and Residuals. In connection with the production and
distribution of a motion picture, major studios generally grant contractual
rights to actors, directors, screenwriters, producers and other creative and
financial contributors to share in the gross receipts or contractually defined
net profits from a particular motion picture. Except for the most sought-after
talent, these third-party participations are generally payable after all
distribution fees, marketing expenses, direct production costs and financing
costs are fully recouped.
Major studios also typically incur obligations to pay residuals to various
guilds and unions including the Writers Guild of America, the Directors Guild
of America and the Screen Actors Guild. The residual payments are made on a
picture-by-picture basis with respect to the exploitation of a motion picture
in markets other than the primary intended markets for such picture and are
calculated as a percentage of the gross revenues derived from the exploitation
of the picture in these ancillary markets.
Our cost structure for motion pictures generally follows the industry
structure described above. For a discussion of television programming cost
structure, see "Item 1. Business--The Motion Picture and Television Industry."
Industry Accounting Practices
Revenue Recognition. Revenues from theatrical distribution of feature motion
pictures are recognized on the dates of exhibition. Revenues from home video
distribution, together with related costs, are recognized in the period in
which the product is available (assuming it has been shipped) for sale at the
retail level. Under revenue sharing arrangements, we also participate in
consumer rental revenues generated in the home video market by rental
establishments. Revenues from television distribution are recognized when the
motion picture or television program is available to the licensee for
broadcast.
Accounting for Motion Picture and Television Costs. In accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles in the United States and industry
practice, we amortize film and television programming costs using the
individual-film-forecast method under which such costs are amortized for each
film or television program in the ratio that revenue earned in the current
period for such title bears to management's estimate of the total revenues to
be realized from all media and markets for such title. Management regularly
reviews, and revises when necessary, its total revenue estimates on a title-
by-title basis, which may result in a change in the rate of amortization
and/or a write-down of the film or television asset to net realizable value.
These revisions can result in significant quarter-to-quarter fluctuations in
film write-downs and amortization. A typical film or television program
recognizes a substantial portion of its ultimate revenues within the first two
years of release. By then, a film has been exploited in the domestic and
international theatrical markets and the domestic and international home video
markets, as well as the domestic and international pay television and pay-per-
view markets, and a television program has been exploited on network
television or in first-run syndication. A similar portion of the film's or
television program's capitalized costs should be expected to be amortized
accordingly, assuming the film or television program is profitable.
The commercial potential of individual motion pictures and television
programming varies dramatically, and is not directly correlated with
production or acquisition costs. Therefore, it is difficult to predict or
project a trend of our income or loss. However, the likelihood that we report
losses, particularly in the year of a motion picture's release, is increased
by the industry's method of accounting which requires the immediate
recognition of the entire loss (through increased amortization) in instances
where it is estimated the ultimate revenues of a motion picture or television
program will not recover our costs. On the other hand, the profit of a
profitable motion picture or television program must be deferred and
recognized over the entire revenue stream generated by that motion picture or
television program. This method of accounting may also result in significant
fluctuations in reported income or loss, particularly on a quarterly basis,
depending on our release schedule and the relative
29
performance of individual motion pictures or television programs. For films we
released since January 1994 which resulted in feature film write-downs in the
period of initial release, subsequent performance as it relates to this group
of films has not resulted in additional material write-downs.
In October 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued an Exposure
Draft on a proposed statement of position for "Accounting By Producers and
Distributors of Films." If adopted, the proposed statement of position would
establish new accounting and reporting standards for all producers and
distributors that own or hold the rights to distribute or exploit films. The
proposed statement of position provides that the cumulative effect of changes
in accounting principles caused by adoption of the provisions of the statement
of position should be included in the determination of net income in
conformity with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 20, "Accounting
Changes." Because the proposed statement of position has not yet been adopted,
we are not able to quantify the effect or the materiality to our financial
position or operating results at this time. If adopted, the proposed statement
of position, as currently drafted, would be effective for financial statements
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2000, with earlier adoption
encouraged.
In December 1999, the Securities and Exchange Commission released Staff
Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") No. 101, "Revenue Recognition in Financial
Statements." The SAB provides guidance on the recognition, presentation and
disclosure of revenue in financial statements, including certain criteria for
gross versus net recording of sales transactions. This SAB is required to be
implemented by us in the first quarter of 2000. We are currently determining
the effect of this new guidance on the financial statements. SAB No. 101
allows any required changes to be recorded in accordance with Accounting
Principles Board No. 20, "Accounting Changes."
Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 1999 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 1998
The following table sets forth our operating results for the years ended
December 31, 1999 and 1998. As stated in the financial statements and related
notes thereto, in June 1999 we incurred certain restructuring and other
charges aggregating $214.6 million related to changes in senior management, a
corresponding review of our operations and film projects in various stages of
development and production, and other related costs. Additionally, in March
1999 we accelerated the expiration of the Warner Home Video agreement, which
resulted in a $225.0 million charge included in operating results for the year
ended December 31, 1999. The net operating results in the year ended December
31, 1999, therefore, are not comparable to the operating results for the year
ended December 31, 1998.
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------
1999 1998
----------- -----------
(in thousands)
Revenues:
Feature films...................................... $ 888,303 $ 1,005,747
Television programs................................ 205,719 197,759
Other.............................................. 48,411 37,217
----------- -----------
Total revenues................................... $ 1,142,433 $ 1,240,723
=========== ===========
Operating income (loss):
Feature films...................................... $ (77,590) $ 39,748
Television programs................................ 27,602 12,885
Other.............................................. 19,681 (3,758)
General and administration expenses................ (92,116) (92,244)
Severance and related costs........................ (76,158) (13,182)
Contract termination fee........................... (225,000) --
Goodwill amortization.............................. (14,853) (14,289)
----------- -----------
Operating loss....................................... (438,434) (70,840)
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized......... (86,445) (80,611)
Interest and other income, net....................... 3,770 3,984
----------- -----------
Loss before provision for income taxes............... (521,109) (147,467)
Income tax provision................................. (9,801) (10,181)
----------- -----------
Net loss............................................. $ (530,910) $ (157,648)
=========== ===========
30
Feature Films. Feature film revenues decreased by $117.4 million, or 12
percent, to $888.3 million in the year ended December 31, 1999 compared to the
year ended December 31, 1998.
Worldwide theatrical revenues increased by $9.1 million, or 4 percent, to
$251.3 million in 1999 primarily due to the significant worldwide theatrical
revenues earned by The World Is Not Enough, The Thomas Crown Affair and
Stigmata, which were released during the year. In comparison, in 1998 we
benefited from the strong worldwide theatrical performance of The Man In The
Iron Mask, as well as the release in international markets of Tomorrow Never
Dies. Overall, in 1999 we released 11 new feature films domestically and six
new films internationally, and in 1998 we released 12 new films domestically
and four new films internationally.
Worldwide home video revenues decreased by $138.6 million, or 28 percent, to
$352.6 million in 1999, principally due to the expiration of the Warner Home
Video agreement, which resulted in the termination of the Company's
distribution arrangements with Turner Entertainment Co. effective January 1,
1999. In 1998, the Company generated $134.3 million in gross revenues from its
distribution of the Turner product, including the re-release of Gone With The
Wind. In 1999 our home video releases included Ronin, At First Sight, The
Rage: Carrie 2, Disturbing Behavior and The Mod Squad, as compared to our
releases in 1998 of Tomorrow Never Dies and The Man In The Iron Mask, as well
as Red Corner, Species 2 and Hoodlum. Partially offsetting the decrease in
Turner product revenues discussed above were increased DVD, which grew to
$79.4 million in 1999 from $29.8 million in 1998.
Worldwide pay television revenues from feature films increased by $19.1
million, or 20 percent, to $115.6 million in 1999 due to the release in the
domestic pay television marketplace of The Man In The Iron Mask, Ronin,
Species 2, At First Sight, Disturbing Behavior and Dirty Work, as compared to
the release of fewer films in 1998, which included Tomorrow Never Dies, Red
Corner and Hoodlum. Network television revenues from feature films decreased
by $35.0 million, or 77 percent, to $10.3 million in 1999. In 1999, we
delivered four new films to network television as compared to nine films
delivered in 1998, which included substantial license fees for GoldenEye, Get
Shorty and The Birdcage. Worldwide syndicated television revenues from feature
films increased by $20.5 million, or 17 percent, to $141.7 million in 1999,
principally due to the release in international markets of Tomorrow Never
Dies, The Birdcage, GoldenEye and Get Shorty. There were no comparably
performing releases in international syndication markets in 1998.
Other feature film revenues increased by $7.3 million, or 78 percent, to
$16.7 million in 1999 due to higher third party royalty and miscellaneous
income collected in the period.
We recognized an operating loss from feature films of $77.6 million in 1999
as compared to a profit of $39.7 million in 1998. Operating results in 1999
reflected the decreased revenues discussed above, as well as feature film
write-downs of $51.4 million and additional reserves of $129.4 million for
charges regarding a re-evaluation in June 1999 of several film projects in
various stages of development and production associated with the changes in
our Senior management, which resulted in aggregate film-related charges of
$180.8 million as compared to lower film write-downs in 1998 of $80.0 million.
Partially offsetting the increased film-related charges were profits realized
from the 1999 releases The World Is Not Enough, The Thomas Crown Affair,
Stigmata and Tea With Mussolini. Correspondingly, in 1998 profits were
realized from the successful worldwide performances of Tomorrow Never Dies and
The Man In The Iron Mask.
Television Programming. Television programming revenues increased by $7.9
million, or 4 percent, to $205.7 million in 1999. Network television revenues
decreased by $20.6 million, or 66 percent, to $10.7 million, principally due
to the delivery of fewer episodes of The Magnificent Seven and the release of
only one television movie in 1999, as compared to higher license fees earned
on the delivery of the television mini-series Creature, additional episodes of
The Magnificent Seven and one television movie in 1998. Worldwide pay
television revenues decreased by $0.7 million, or 2 percent, to $29.6 million
in 1999 due to one fewer series in broadcast on domestic pay television than
in 1998, partially offset by consideration received for the termination of
certain contractual commitments. We may generate lower pay television revenues
in future periods due to a reduction in the number of production commitments
for television series.
31
Worldwide syndicated television programming revenues increased by $50.7
million, or 50 percent, to $152.6 million in 1999, primarily due to the
syndication of new series Stargate SG-1, National Enquirer and Flipper, as
well as additional years of the The Outer Limits and Poltergeist, and the
licensing in the domestic basic cable market of Outer Limits, Poltergeist,
Dead Man's Gun and In The Heat Of The Night. Worldwide home video revenues
with respect to television programming decreased by $10.9 million, or 48
percent, to $11.8 million in 1999, primarily due to the release of fewer
television movies in 1999 and the release in 1998 of the animated videos An
All Dogs Christmas Carol and Secret of Nimh 2. There were no comparable
releases on home video in 1999. In 1998 we also benefited from a third party
payment of $7.5 million for the rights to create new episodes of Hollywood
Squares. There were no such receipts in 1999.
Operating income from television programming increased by $14.7 million, or
114 percent, to $27.6 million in 1999, reflecting the increased revenues
discussed above and lower programming write-downs.
Other. Other revenues include distribution of consumer products, interactive
media and branded programming services, as well as music soundtrack and
royalty income and third party audit recoveries. We recognized an operating
profit from other businesses of $19.7 million in 1999 as compared to a loss of
$3.8 million in 1998. Operating results in 1999 include consumer products
revenue of $10.7 million and music soundtrack and royalty revenue of $9.7
million, as compared to consumer products revenue of $10.3 million and music
soundtrack and royalty revenue of $6.6 million in 1998. Interactive media
revenues were $9.8 million in 1999, which included the release of the
interactive game version of Tomorrow Never Dies, as compared to $7.6 million
in 1998, which included the release of the interactive game version of
WarGames. Additionally, operating results in 1999 include the receipt of $13.9
million in third party audit recoveries as compared to audit recoveries of
$1.1 million in 1998. Other revenues in 1998 included a $10.0 million payment
received in association with the sale of a portion of our investment in a
Japanese pay television channel.
Expenses for other businesses include interactive product costs of $7.9
million in 1999 as compared to $16.5 million in 1998, which costs related to
increased development spending in the prior year. Consumer products cost of
sales were $3.4 million in 1999 as compared to $5.6 million in 1998, when we
incurred certain start-up expenses associated with a newly launched catalogue
business. In addition, operating expenses for other businesses in 1999
included aggregate losses of $6.3 million on our equity investments, including
our interest in the newly launched cable programming joint venture, MGM
Networks Latin America, as compared to $12.5 million for such start-up losses
in 1998. Bad debt and other expenses aggregated $5.5 million in 1999 with no
comparable charges in 1998.
General and Administration Expenses. General and administration expenses
decreased by $0.01 million to $92.1 million in 1999, primarily due to certain
cost savings in 1999 associated with corporate restructuring programs
initiated in the second quarter of 1999 and the third quarter of 1998,
partially offset by increased senior management and employee incentive
compensation and litigation costs. See also "Severance and Related Costs"
below.
Severance and Related Costs. As discussed in Note 2 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements, in 1999 we incurred executive severance and other
related charges of $76.2 million attributable to changes in senior management
and the estimated costs of withdrawing from our arrangements with United
International Pictures. Correspondingly, in 1998 a corporate restructuring
program resulted in severance charges of $13.2 million.
Contract Termination Fee. On March 12, 1999, we agreed to accelerate the
expiration of the right of Warner Home Video to distribute our product in the
home video marketplace under the Warner Home Video agreement. In consideration
for the early expiration of the Warner Home Video agreement, we agreed to pay
Warner Home Video $225.0 million, which was fully paid as of September 1,
1999. The parties restructured the terms of the Warner Home Video agreement,
which functioned as a transitional video agreement, under which Warner Home
Video distributed certain of our product in the home video marketplace while
we established our own domestic home video distribution network. The
transitional video agreement expired on January 31, 2000. Additionally, we
reconveyed as of January 1, 1999 to Turner the right that we had to distribute
in the home
32
video markets worldwide until June 2001, 2,950 Turner titles that had been
serviced under the Warner Home Video agreement. Operating results in 1999
include a pre-tax contract termination charge for the $225.0 million payment
referred to above in connection with the early expiration of Warner Home
Video's rights under the Warner Home Video agreement.
Interest Expense, Net of Amounts Capitalized. Net interest expense increased
by $5.8 million, or 7 percent, to $86.4 million in 1999 due to additional
borrowings for operating and production activities, as well as the financing
of the PolyGram library acquisition in January 1999 and the Warner Home Video
agreement termination settlement (see above), partially offset by debt
repayment associated with proceeds received in November 1999 from our 1999
rights offering and in November 1998 from our 1998 rights offering.
Income Tax Provision. The income tax provision of $9.8 million in 1999 and
$10.2 million in 1998 primarily reflect foreign remittance taxes attributable
to international distribution revenues.
Year Ended December 31, 1998 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 1997
The following table sets forth our operating results for the years ended
December 31, 1998 and 1997. The 1997 results are not comparable to results in
1998 due to our acquisition of Orion on July 10, 1997.
Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------
1998 1997
------------ -----------
(in thousands)
Revenues:
Feature films..................................... $ 1,005,747 $ 699,219
Television programs............................... 197,759 114,200
Other............................................. 37,217 17,883
------------ -----------
Total revenues.................................. $ 1,240,723 $ 831,302
============ ===========
Operating income (loss):
Feature films..................................... $ 39,748 $ 65,509
Television programs............................... 12,885 (7,201)
Other............................................. (3,758) (26,545)
General and administration expenses............... (92,244) (87,644)
Severance and related costs....................... (13,182) --
Goodwill amortization............................. (14,289) (11,230)
------------ -----------
Operating loss...................................... (70,840) (67,111)
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized........ (80,611) (53,105)
Interest and other income, net...................... 3,984 2,447
------------ -----------
Loss before provision for income taxes.............. (147,467) (117,769)
Income tax provision................................ (10,181) (10,345)
------------ -----------
Net loss............................................ $ (157,648) $ (128,114)
============ ===========
Feature Films. Feature film revenues increased by $306.5 million, or 44
percent, to $1,005.7 million in the year ended December 31, 1998 compared to
the year ended December 31, 1997. Explanations for the changes in revenues are
discussed in the following paragraphs.
Worldwide theatrical revenues increased by $139.3 million, or 135 percent,
to $242.2 million in 1998 due to significant worldwide theatrical revenues
earned by Tomorrow Never Dies, The Man In The Iron Mask, and Ronin as well as
the release in the domestic theatrical marketplace of Disturbing Behavior and
Dirty Work, among others. In 1997, we initially released Tomorrow Never Dies
in worldwide theatrical markets (in December 1997), and in the domestic
theatrical marketplace released Hoodlum and Red Corner, among others. Overall,
in 1998 we released 12 new feature films domestically and four new films
internationally, as compared to 15 films
33
released domestically and two new films internationally in 1997. Of the films
released in 1997, seven films were produced by Orion and six of these were
released in limited distribution only, as compared to three films produced by
Orion and released in limited distribution in 1998.
Worldwide home video revenues increased by $140.8 million, or 40 percent, to
$491.2 million in 1998, which included the release in the domestic rental
market of Tomorrow Never Dies, The Man In The Iron Mask, Red Corner, Species 2
and Hoodlum, among others, as compared to the release of Kingpin and Fled in
the domestic rental market in 1997. In 1998, we also re-released in the sell-
through market Gone With The Wind, as compared to the sell-through releases of
Larger Than Life, The Birdcage and Warriors of Virtue in 1997. Significant
international home video releases in 1998 included Tomorrow Never Dies and The
Man In The Iron Mask, as compared to GoldenEye, Get Shorty, The Birdcage and
Fled in 1997. Additionally, in 1998 we distributed the Orion library for the
entire year as compared to a shorter period in 1997 due to the Orion
acquisition in July 1997.
Worldwide pay television revenues from feature films decreased by $11.1
million, or 10 percent, to $96.5 million in 1998, primarily due to a lack of
significant new releases in international pay television markets in 1998 as
compared to 1997, which included GoldenEye, Get Shorty, Species and The
Birdcage. In the domestic pay television market, in 1998 we released Tomorrow
Never Dies, Red Corner and Hoodlum, as compared to The Birdcage and Kingpin,
among others, in 1997. Network television revenues from feature films
increased by $30.6 million, or 208 percent, to $45.3 million in 1998,
principally due to the delivery of eight new films to network television in
1998, including The Birdcage and GoldenEye, as compared to seven new films
delivered in 1997. Worldwide syndicated television revenues from feature films
decreased by $2.4 million, or 2 percent, to $121.2 million in 1998 principally
due to lower international sales from library films, partially offset by the
distribution of the Orion film library for the entire year in 1998 as compared
to the shorter period due to the Orion acquisition in 1997.
Other feature film revenues increased $9.3 million in 1998 due to certain
audit recoveries, miscellaneous rebates and other income collected in the
period.
Operating income from feature films decreased by $25.8 million, or 39
percent, to $39.7 million in 1998 as compared to 1997. The decrease in
operating results in 1998 reflected increased amortization expense, in
addition to feature film write-downs which aggregated $80.0 million on certain
releases, partially offset by profit realized from the films Tomorrow Never
Dies and The Man In The Iron Mask. Feature film write-downs were $38.1 million
in 1997.
Television Programming. Television programming revenues increased by $83.6
million, or 73 percent, to $197.8 million in 1998 as compared to 1997. Network
television revenues were $31.3 million in 1998, consisting of the deliveries
of the new series The Magnificent Seven, the television miniseries Creature
and one made-for-television movie. There were no series, mini-series or
television movies on network television in 1997. Worldwide pay television
revenues decreased by $2.0 million, or 6 percent, to $30.3 million in 1998.
Pay television revenues in both years included three series in broadcast on
domestic pay television, The Outer Limits, Poltergeist and Stargate SG-1, and
three made-for-television movies delivered in each year. The decrease in
worldwide pay television revenues in 1998 was due to lower international
library sales.
Worldwide syndicated television revenues increased by $41.1 million, or 67
percent, to $101.9 million in 1998, primarily due to the addition of the new
series Stargate SG-1 and Fame LA in worldwide syndication, as well as
additional years of the ongoing series The Outer Limits and Poltergeist, the
delivery of the new series Flipper in domestic syndication, and the licensing
of the international rights to the television mini-series Creature. Worldwide
home video revenues with respect to television programming increased by $5.7
million, or 34 percent, to $22.7 million in 1998 due to the domestic home
video releases of An All Dogs Christmas Carol, Secret of NIMH 2, Garth Brooks
Live In Concert and the television movie Twelve Angry Men, as compared to the
home video release of Babes In Toyland in 1997. The remaining television
programming revenue increase of $7.5 million was principally related to a
payment received from a third party for the rights to create new episodes of
Hollywood Squares.
34
Operating income from television programming increased by $20.1 million to
$12.9 million in 1998 as compared to a loss of $7.2 million in 1997. The
increase in operating results in 1998 was principally a result of the
aforementioned increase in revenues and the receipt of the Hollywood Squares
remake rights payment.
Other. Other revenues include distribution of consumer products, interactive
media and branded programming services, as well as music soundtrack and
royalty income and third party audit recoveries. We recognized an operating
loss from other businesses of $3.8 million in 1998 as compared to an operating
loss of $26.5 million in 1997. Operating results in 1998 include interactive
revenue of $7.6 million, consumer products revenue of $10.3 million and music
soundtrack and royalty revenue of $6.6 million, as compared to interactive
revenue of $3.0 million, consumer products revenue of $8.7 million and music
soundtrack and royalty revenue of $4.1 million in 1997. Interactive revenues
in 1998 were principally derived from the release of the interactive game
version of Wargames. There were no significant new interactive games released
in 1997. Additionally, operating results in 1998 include the receipt of a
$10.0 million payment associated with our sale of a portion of our investment
in a Japanese pay television channel to a new partner.
Expenses for other businesses in 1998 include interactive product and
development costs of $16.5 million, as compared to similar costs of $16.8
million in 1997. In addition, operating results for other businesses in 1998
include aggregate losses of $12.5 million on our equity investments, including
our interest in MGM Gold (Asia), a satellite and cable delivered channel based
in Asia whose operations were terminated in April 1998, and our newly launched
cable programming joint venture, MGM Networks Latin America, as compared to
$14.2 million for such start-up losses in 1997.
General and Administration Expenses. General and administration expenses
increased by $4.6 million, or 5 percent, to $92.2 million in 1998 as compared
to 1997, primarily due to increased legal and professional fees of $2.4
million, executive severance charges (incurred prior to implementation of the
restructuring program noted below) of $2.6 million, and increased rent and
depreciation expense of $4.3 million. Additionally, in 1997 we benefited from
certain insurance recoveries of $5.7 million. There were no such recoveries in
1998. In 1997, long-term incentive and other bonuses were $15.5 million as
compared to $3.2 million in 1998. We also achieved certain cost savings in
1998 from a restructuring program initiated in the period (see--"Severance and
Related Costs").
Severance and Related Costs. We incurred severance and related costs of
$13.2 million in 1998, due to an overhead restructuring program initiated by
management in the third quarter of 1998.
Goodwill Amortization. Goodwill amortization increased by $3.1 million, or
27 percent, to $14.3 million in 1998 as compared to 1997 as a result of higher
goodwill due to the Orion acquisition.
Interest Expense, Net of Amounts Capitalized. Net interest expense increased
by $27.5 million, or 52 percent, to $80.6 million in 1998 as compared to 1997,
primarily due to higher debt levels associated with the financing of the Orion
acquisition, as well as borrowings for increased operating and production
activities.
Income Tax Provision. The income tax provision of $10.2 million in 1998 and
$10.3 million in 1997 primarily reflect foreign remittance taxes attributable
to international distribution revenues.
EBITDA
While management considers earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and
non-film amortization ("EBITDA") to be an important measure of comparative
operating performance, it should be considered in addition to, but not as a
substitute for or superior to, operating income, net earnings, cash flow and
other measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. EBITDA does not reflect cash available to fund
cash requirements, and the items excluded from EBITDA, such as depreciation
and non-film amortization, are significant components in assessing our
financial performance. Other significant uses of cash flows are required
before cash will be available to us, including debt service, taxes
35
and cash expenditures for various long-term assets. Our calculation of EBITDA
may be different from the calculation used by other companies and, therefore,
comparability may be limited.
The following table sets forth EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 1999,
1998 and 1997:
Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
---------- ---------- ---------
(In thousands)
Revenues:
Feature films............................. $ 888,303 $1,005,747 $ 699,219
Television programs....................... 205,719 197,759 114,200
Other..................................... 48,411 37,217 17,883
---------- ---------- ---------
Total revenues.......................... $1,142,433 $1,240,723 $ 831,302
========== ========== =========
EBITDA:
Feature films............................. $ (77,590) $ 39,748 $ 65,509
Television programs....................... 27,602 12,885 (7,201)
Other..................................... 19,681 (3,758) (26,545)
General and administration expenses....... (82,515) (83,680) (80,861)
Severance and related costs............... (76,158) (13,182) --
Contract termination fee.................. (225,000) -- --
---------- ---------- ---------
EBITDA.................................... (413,980) (47,987) (49,098)
Depreciation and non-film amortization...... (24,454) (22,853) (18,013)
---------- ---------- ---------
Operating loss.............................. (438,434) (70,840) (67,111)
Interest expense, net of amounts
capitalized................................ (86,445) (80,611) (53,105)
Interest and other income, net.............. 3,770 3,984 2,447
---------- ---------- ---------
Loss before provision for income taxes...... (521,109) (147,467) (117,769)
Income tax provision........................ (9,801) (10,181) (10,345)
---------- ---------- ---------
Net loss.................................... $ (530,910) $ (157,648) $(128,114)
========== ========== =========
Liquidity and Capital Resources
General. Our operations are capital intensive. In recent years we have
funded our operations primarily from (i) the sale of equity securities, (ii)
bank borrowings and (iii) internally generated funds. During the year ended
December 31, 1999, net cash provided by operating activities was $264.7
million; net cash used in investing activities (primarily the purchase of the
PolyGram film libraries and additions to film and television costs) was $881.8
million; and net cash provided by financing activities (primarily proceeds
from our 1999 rights offering and bank borrowings) was $715.2 million.
Sales of Equity Securities. Sales of equity securities include proceeds from
our initial public offering and Tracinda's concurrent purchase of our common
stock, which were completed in November 1997, our 1998 rights offering, which
was completed in November 1998, and our 1999 rights offering, which was
completed in November 1999.
Our cash flow in 1998 was adversely affected by, and we determined to
undertake the 1998 rights offering as a result of, (i) lower than expected
performance of our theatrical releases in 1998, other than the releases
Tomorrow Never Dies and The Man In The Iron Mask, (ii) more substantial
investments in new television programming than previously anticipated, (iii)
cash from certain revenue sources being realized over a longer period than
originally anticipated, and (iv) other factors, including accelerated motion
picture production and increased marketing and distribution expenses. We
consummated our 1998 rights offering in November 1998 by issuing a total of
84,848,485 shares of common stock for $8.25 per share, and thereby raising net
proceeds of $696.5 million. The proceeds were used to reduce bank borrowings.
36
1999 Rights Offering. In October 1999, we issued to our common stockholders
of record, at no charge to such holders, transferable subscription rights to
subscribe for an aggregate of 49,714,554 shares of the common stock for $14.50
per share. Holders of the common stock received 0.328 rights for each share of
the common stock held as of the record date. Rights holders purchased one
share of the common stock at the subscription price for each whole right held.
Rights holders who exercised their rights also had the opportunity to purchase
additional shares at the subscription price pursuant to an oversubscription
privilege, as defined. The rights expired on November 8, 1999. The total
proceeds received from the 1999 rights offering were $720.9 million (less
applicable fees and expenses of $5.6 million). The proceeds were used to repay
in full the amounts outstanding under a bridge loan and the revolving
facility, with the balance retained as cash for general operating purposes.
Bank Borrowings. We have a $1.3 billion syndicated credit facility
consisting of (i) a six year $600.0 million revolving credit facility, (ii) a
$400.0 million seven and one-half year term loan and (iii) a $300.0 million
eight and one-half year term loan. We used a portion of the proceeds from our
1999 rights offering to repay all amounts then outstanding under the revolving
facility. As of March 1, 2000, $600.0 million was available under our credit
facility, which also contains provisions allowing, under certain
circumstances, for an additional $200.0 million tranche.
Currently, the revolving facility and the $400.0 million term loan bear
interest at 2.50 percent over the Adjusted LIBOR rate, as defined therein
(8.61 percent at March 1, 2000), and the $300.0 million term loan bears
interest at 2.75 percent over the Adjusted LIBOR rate (8.86 percent at March
1, 2000). We have entered into three-year fixed interest rate swap contracts
in relation to a portion of our credit facility for a notional value of $800.0
million at an average rate of approximately 7.50 percent, which expire at
various times no later than December 2001. Scheduled amortization of the term
loans under our credit facility commences with $33.0 million in 2001, $73.0
million in 2002, $103.0 million in 2003, $103.0 million in 2004, and $103.0
million in 2005, with the remaining balance due at maturity. The revolving
facility was entered into in October 1997 and matures in October 2003, subject
to extension under certain conditions.
Our credit facility contains various covenants, including limitations on
indebtedness, dividends and capital expenditures, and maintenance of certain
financial ratios. In connection with the $225.0 million charge resulting from
the early termination of the Warner Home Video agreement, our credit facility
was amended, effective April 30, 1999. As of December 31, 1999, we were in
compliance with all applicable covenants. There can be no assurances that we
will remain in compliance with such covenants or other conditions under our
credit facility in the future. We anticipate substantial continued borrowing
under our credit facility.
Cash Provided by Operating Activities. In the year ended December 31, 1999,
cash provided by operating activities was $264.7 million compared to $433.5
million in the year ended December 31, 1998.
In March 1999, in consideration for the early expiration of the Warner Home
Video agreement, we agreed to pay Warner Home Video $225.0 million, $112.5
million of which was paid on March 12, 1999 and the remainder of which, plus
interest, was paid on September 1, 1999. We recorded a pre-tax contract
termination charge in the year ended December 31, 1999 for the $225.0 million
payment referred to above in connection with terminating the Warner Home Video
agreement.
Cash Used in Investing Activities. For the year ended December 31, 1999,
cash used in investing activities was $881.8 million. In the year ended
December 31, 1999, we incurred $624.6 million in film and television costs. In
January 1999, we acquired the PolyGram library, containing over 1,300 feature
films, for $235.0 million, plus acquisition related costs of approximately
$1.2 million. The purchase was funded by borrowings under the revolving
facility and available cash.
Anticipated Needs. Our current strategy and business plan call for
substantial on-going investments in the production of new feature films and
television programs. Furthermore, we may wish to continue to make investments
in new distribution channels to further exploit our motion picture and
television library. We plan to continue to evaluate the level of such
investments in the context of the capital available to us and changing market
conditions.
37
We incurred approximately $9.0 million of additional costs in 1999 in
connection with the integration of the PolyGram library and our transition to
home video self-distribution in the U.S. and Canadian markets. We do not
expect our obligations for property and equipment expenditures, including the
purchase of computer systems and equipment and other improvements, to exceed
$15.0 million per year.
In connection with our termination of the Warner Home Video agreement, we
anticipate that the worldwide home video distribution rights reconveyed to
Turner will decrease our cash flow by approximately $10.0 million per year
through June 2001.
We are obligated to fund 50 percent of the expenses of MGM Networks Latin
America up to a maximum of approximately $24.0 million. We have funded
approximately $18.5 million under such obligation as of December 31, 1999, and
expect to fund an additional $2.5 million in 2000.
In June 1999, in association with a change in our senior management and a
corresponding review of our operations, we incurred certain restructuring,
severance and other charges aggregating $214.6 million for the year ended
December 31, 1999, of which $129.4 million was film-performance related and
$85.2 million reflected severance and other costs, including the estimated
costs of withdrawing from the Company's arrangements with United International
Pictures no later than November 1, 2000. As of December 31, 1999, we have
utilized $59.8 of the film-performance related reserves and have paid $25.5
million of the severance and other costs. As a result of the change in senior
management, we did not commence production as anticipated under our business
plan. Therefore, we expect to release a reduced number of major films in the
first six months of 2000, which may adversely impact cash flows and results of
operations at least through 2001. However, as opportunities arise, we will
pursue the purchase of feature films from third parties that could be released
during this period.
We believe that the remaining proceeds from our 1999 rights offering,
together with amounts available under the revolving facility and cash flow
from operations, will be adequate for us to conduct our operations in
accordance with our business plan for at least the next twelve months. This
belief is based in part on the assumption that our future releases will
perform as planned. In addition to the foregoing sources of liquidity, we are
currently considering various film financing alternatives.
If necessary in order to manage our cash needs, we may also delay or alter
production or release schedules or seek to reduce our aggregate investment in
new film and television production costs. There can be no assurance that any
such steps would be adequate or timely, or that acceptable arrangements could
be reached with third parties if necessary. In addition, although these steps
would improve our short-term cash flow and, in the case of partnering, reduce
our exposure should a motion picture perform below expectations, such steps
could adversely affect long term cash flow and results of operations in
subsequent periods.
We intend to continue to pursue our goal of becoming an integrated global
entertainment content company. In connection with our pursuit of this goal, we
may consider various strategic alternatives, such as business combinations
with companies with strengths complementary to those of ours, other
acquisitions and joint ventures, as opportunities arise. The nature, size and
structure of any such transaction could require us to seek additional
financing.
Impact of the Year 2000 Issue
Introduction. The term "Year 2000 issue" is a general term used to describe
the various problems that may result from the improper processing of dates and
date-sensitive calculations by computers and other machinery with respect to
the Year 2000 period. These problems generally arise from the fact that most
of the world's computer hardware and software have historically used only two
digits to identify the year in a date, often meaning that the computer will
fail to distinguish dates in the "2000's" from dates in the "1900's." These
problems may also arise from other sources as well, such as the use of special
codes and conventions in software that make use of the date field.
38
Year 2000 Conversion. We completed the Year 2000 conversion with respect to
all of our computer systems and applications. In addition, we have had
communications with certain of our significant suppliers, distributors,
financial institutions, lessors and others with which we do business to
evaluate their Year 2000 compliance plans and state of readiness and to
determine the extent to which our systems may be affected by the failure of
others to remediate their own Year 2000 issues.
All major critical systems have continued to function correctly and as
planned in the year 2000. To date, there have been no significant operational
problems due to any Year 2000 issues and based upon this experience and the
testing completed prior to December 31, 1999, we do not anticipate that the
Year 2000 issue will have a material adverse effect on our operations. We
will, however, continue to monitor closely the performance of our systems and
the Year 2000 readiness of its critical vendors, suppliers and customers.
Costs to Address the Year 2000 Issue. To date, we estimate that we have
spent approximately $1.0 million to address the Year 2000 issue, with the
majority of the work being performed by our employees. We may identify certain
additional costs regarding the Year 2000 issue. Such additional costs are not
expected to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and
results of operations.
Contingency Plans. We have developed a comprehensive Year 2000 specific
contingency plan that, when used in combination with our general disaster
recovery plan, should provide for continued business operations to the
greatest extent possible in the unlikely event of the Year 2000 failure of any
of our systems. As part of our Year 2000 contingency effort, information
received from external sources is examined for date integrity before being
brought into our internal systems. If we determine that our business or a
segment thereof is at material risk of disruption due to the Year 2000 issue,
we will prepare to implement all or part of our contingency plan.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
We have only limited involvement in derivative financial instruments and do
not use them for trading purposes. Certain amounts borrowed under our credit
facility are at variable interest rates and we are thus subject to market risk
resulting from interest rate fluctuations. We enter into interest rate swaps
in part to alter interest rate exposures. Interest rate swaps allow us to
raise long-term borrowings at floating rates and effectively swap them into
fixed rates that are lower than those available to us if fixed-rate borrowings
were made directly. Under interest rate swaps, we agree with other parties to
exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between fixed-rate and
floating-rate amounts calculated by reference to an agreed notional principal
amount.
The following table provides information about our interest rate swaps at
December 31, 1999:
Amounts scheduled
for maturity for
the year ending
December 31, Estimated fair
----------------- value at
2000 2001 December 31, 1999
-------- -------- -----------------
Interest Rate Swaps
Variable to fixed:
Notional value (in thousands)............. $225,000 $575,000 $15,139
Average pay rate.......................... 6.127% 5.237%
Average receive rate...................... 6.080% 6.164%
Because approximately 25 percent of our revenues are denominated, and we
incur certain operating and production costs, in foreign currencies, we are
subject to market risks resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency
exchange rates. In certain instances, we enter into foreign currency exchange
contracts in order to reduce exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange
rates that affect the value of our firm commitments and certain anticipated
foreign currency cash flows. We currently intend to continue to enter into
such contracts to hedge against future material foreign currency exchange rate
risks. We had no foreign currency exchange contracts outstanding at December
31, 1999.
39
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The Report of Independent Public Accountants, the Company's Consolidated
Financial Statements and Notes thereto appear in a separate section of this
Form 10-K (beginning on page 45) following Part IV. The index to Consolidated
Financial Statements of the Company is included in Item 14.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure
None
40
PART III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of Registrant
The information required by Item 10 is set forth in the Proxy Statement
under the caption "Election of Directors" and incorporated herein by reference
except that the information regarding our executive officers is included in
Part I under the heading "Executive Officers of the Company."
Item 11. Executive Compensation
The information required by Item 11 is set forth in the Proxy Statement
under the caption "Executive Compensation" and is incorporated herein by this
reference.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
The information required by Item 12 is set forth in the Proxy Statement
under the caption "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and
Management" and is incorporated herein by this reference.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
The information required by Item 13 is set forth in the Proxy Statement
under the caption "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions" and is
incorporated herein by this reference.
41
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statements, Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this report:
1. Consolidated Financial Statements
The financial statements listed in the accompanying Index to
Financial Statements are filed as part of this Form 10-K at pages 45 to
69.
2. Financial Statement Schedules
The financial statement schedules listed in the accompanying Index to
Financial Statements are filed as part of this Form 10-K at pages 70 to
76.
3. Exhibits.
The exhibits listed in the accompanying Exhibit Index on pages 77 to
79 are filed as part of this Form 10-K.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
There were no reports on Form 8-K filed during the quarter ended December
31, 1999.
42
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
March 22, 2000
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
/s/ Alex Yemenidjian
By: _________________________________
Alex Yemenidjian
Chairman of the Board of
Directors and
Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature Title Date
--------- ----- ----
/s/ Alex Yemenidjian Chairman of the Board of March 22, 2000
____________________________________ Directors, Chief Executive
Alex Yemenidjian Officer and Director
/s/ Christopher J. McGurk Vice Chairman of the Board, March 22, 2000
____________________________________ Chief Operating Officer and
Christopher J. McGurk Director
/s/ James D. Aljian Director March 22, 2000
____________________________________
James D. Aljian
/s/ Francis Ford Coppola Director March 22, 2000
____________________________________
Francis Ford Coppola
/s/ Willie D. Davis Director March 22, 2000
____________________________________
Willie D. Davis
/s/ Alexander M. Haig, Jr. Director March 22, 2000
____________________________________
Alexander M. Haig, Jr.
/s/ Kirk Kerkorian Director March 22, 2000
____________________________________
Kirk Kerkorian
/s/ Frank G. Mancuso Director March 22, 2000
____________________________________
Frank G. Mancuso
/s/ Jerome B. York Director March 22, 2000
____________________________________
Jerome B. York
/s/ Daniel J. Taylor Senior Executive Vice March 22, 2000
____________________________________ President and Chief
Daniel J. Taylor Financial Officer
43
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page
----
Report of Independent Public Accountants.................................. 45
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1999 and 1998.............. 46
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Years
Ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997................................... 47
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the Years Ended
December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997......................................... 48
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31,
1999, 1998 and 1997...................................................... 49
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................................ 50
Financial Statement Schedules
Report of Independent Public Accountants ................................. 70
Schedule I: Condensed Financial Information of Registrant................. 71
Schedule II: Valuation and Qualifying Accounts............................ 76
44
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
To Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Metro-Goldwyn-
Mayer Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1999
and 1998, and the related consolidated statements of operations and
comprehensive loss, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 1999. These financial statements are
the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on
a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the
overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc. and
subsidiaries as of December 31, 1999 and 1998, and the results of their
operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 1999 in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States.
Arthur Andersen LLP
Los Angeles, California
February 1, 2000
45
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share data)
December 31, December 31,
1999 1998
------------ ------------
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents............................ $ 152,213 $ 54,839
Accounts and contracts receivable (net of allowance
for doubtful accounts of $20,985 and $23,220,
respectively)....................................... 452,914 365,067
Film and television costs, net....................... 2,164,458 2,076,663
Investments and advances to affiliates............... 15,207 17,674
Property and equipment, net.......................... 48,203 38,636
Excess of cost over net assets of acquired
businesses, net..................................... 546,173 561,026
Other assets......................................... 45,193 45,073
---------- ----------
$3,424,361 $3,158,978
========== ==========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Liabilities:
Bank and other debt................................ $ 719,438 $ 720,574
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities........... 189,904 100,377
Accrued participants' share........................ 237,102 232,515
Income taxes payable............................... 31,619 34,869
Advances and deferred revenues..................... 112,189 130,664
Other liabilities.................................. 17,285 20,322
---------- ----------
Total liabilities................................ 1,307,537 1,239,321
---------- ----------
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 25,000,000 shares
authorized, none issued .......................... -- --
Common stock, $.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares
authorized, 201,419,331 and 150,856,424 shares
issued............................................ 2,014 1,509
Additional paid-in capital......................... 2,931,004 2,203,490
Deficit............................................ (816,506) (285,596)
Accumulated other comprehensive income............. 316 254
Less: treasury stock, at cost, 265 shares.......... (4) --
---------- ----------
Total stockholders' equity....................... 2,116,824 1,919,657
---------- ----------
$3,424,361 $3,158,978
========== ==========
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral
part of these statements.
46
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(in thousands, except share data)
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
----------- ---------- ----------
Revenues.................................. $ 1,142,433 $1,240,723 $ 831,302
Expenses:
Film and television production and
distribution........................... 1,172,740 1,191,848 799,539
General and administrative expenses..... 92,116 92,244 87,644
Severance and related costs............. 76,158 13,182 --
Contract termination fee................ 225,000 -- --
Goodwill amortization................... 14,853 14,289 11,230
----------- ---------- ----------
Total expenses........................ 1,580,867 1,311,563 898,413
----------- ---------- ----------
Operating loss............................ (438,434) (70,840) (67,111)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense, net of amounts
capitalized............................ (86,445) (80,611) (53,105)
Interest and other income, net.......... 3,770 3,984 2,447
----------- ---------- ----------
Total other expense................... (82,675) (76,627) (50,658)
----------- ---------- ----------
Loss from operations before provision for
income taxes............................. (521,109) (147,467) (117,769)
Income tax provision...................... (9,801) (10,181) (10,345)
----------- ---------- ----------
Net loss.................................. (530,910) (157,648) (128,114)
Foreign currency translation adjustment... 62 (741) (150)
----------- ---------- ----------
Comprehensive loss........................ $ (530,848) $ (158,389) $ (128,264)
=========== ========== ==========
Loss per share:
Basic and diluted....................... $ (3.36) $ (2.08) $ (4.47)
=========== ========== ==========
Weighted average number of common shares
outstanding:
Basic and diluted....................... 158,015,955 75,816,326 28,634,362
=========== ========== ==========
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral
part of these statements.
47
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(in thousands, except share data)
Preferred Stock Common Stock
------------------ ------------------ Add'l Retained Accum. Other Less: Total
No. of Par No. of Par Paid-in Earnings Comprehensive Treasury Stockholders'
Shares Value Shares Value Capital (Deficit) Income Stock Equity
--------- ------- ----------- ------ ---------- --------- ------------- -------- -------------
Balance December 31,
1996................... 501,006 $ 5 16,700,342 $ 167 $ 901,639 $ 166 $1,145 $ -- $ 903,122
Issuance of preferred
and common stock, net.. 1,914 -- 28,110,145 281 603,416 -- -- -- 603,697
Conversion of preferred
stock into common
stock.................. (502,920) (5) 20,955,168 210 (205) -- -- -- --
Foreign currency
translation
adjustment............. -- -- -- -- -- -- (150) -- (150)
Net loss................ -- -- -- -- -- (128,114) -- -- (128,114)
--------- ------ ----------- ------ ---------- --------- ------ ------- ----------
Balance December 31,
1997................... -- -- 65,765,655 658 1,504,850 (127,948) 995 -- 1,378,555
Common stock issued in
1998 rights offering,
net.................... -- -- 84,848,485 849 695,651 -- -- -- 696,500
Common stock issued to
directors, officers and
employees, net......... -- -- 242,284 2 1,433 -- -- -- 1,435
Amortization of deferred
stock compensation..... -- -- -- -- 1,556 -- -- -- 1,556
Foreign currency
translation
adjustment............. -- -- -- -- -- -- (741) -- (741)
Net loss................ -- -- -- -- -- (157,648) -- -- (157,648)
--------- ------ ----------- ------ ---------- --------- ------ ------- ----------
Balance December 31,
1998................... -- -- 150,856,424 1,509 2,203,490 (285,596) 254 -- 1,919,657
Acquisition of treasury
stock, at cost......... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- (2,040) (2,040)
Common stock issued in
1999 rights offering,
net.................... -- -- 49,714,554 497 714,741 -- -- -- 715,238
Common stock issued to
directors, officers and
employees, net......... -- -- 848,353 8 11,408 -- -- 2,036 13,452
Amortization of deferred
stock compensation..... -- -- -- -- 1,365 -- -- -- 1,365
Foreign currency
translation
adjustment............. -- -- -- -- -- -- 62 -- 62
Net loss................ -- -- -- -- -- (530,910) -- -- (530,910)
--------- ------ ----------- ------ ---------- --------- ------ ------- ----------
Balance December 31,
1999................... -- $ -- 201,419,331 $2,014 $2,931,004 $(816,506) $ 316 $ (4) $2,116,824
========= ====== =========== ====== ========== ========= ====== ======= ==========
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral
part of these statements.
48
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
--------- --------- -----------
Operating activities:
Net loss.................................. $(530,910) $(157,648) $ (128,114)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net
cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of film and television
costs and participants' share.......... 853,411 751,807 429,003
Depreciation and amortization of
property and equipment................. 9,601 8,564 6,783
Amortization of goodwill and deferred
financing costs........................ 20,742 19,985 16,323
Amortization of deferred executive
compensation........................... 1,365 1,556 --
Stock contributions to employees,
directors and employee savings plan.... 7,175 1,435 --
Provision for bad debt and other
reserves............................... 3,425 467 6,382
Losses on equity investments, net....... 757 10,887 17,620
(Increase) decrease in accounts and
contracts receivable and other assets.. (73,245) (81,436) 35,054
Decrease in accounts payable, accrued
and other liabilities, accrued
participants' share and domestic and
foreign taxes.......................... (10,770) (121,264) (99,455)
Increase (decrease) in advances and
deferred revenues...................... (18,944) 335 (40,468)
Foreign currency exchange (gain) loss... 2,115 (1,145) 2,190
--------- --------- -----------
Net cash provided by operating
activities............................. 264,722 433,543 245,318
--------- --------- -----------
Investing activities:
Acquisition of PFE Libraries.............. (236,201) -- --
Acquisition of Orion Pictures Corporation. -- -- (561,617)
Additions to film costs, net.............. (624,599) (871,271) (703,222)
Additions to property and equipment....... (14,883) (14,005) (9,555)
Other investing activities................ (6,126) (18,646) (11,280)
--------- --------- -----------
Net cash used in investing activities..... (881,809) (903,922) (1,285,674)
--------- --------- -----------
Financing activities:
Net proceeds from issuance of equity
securities to outside parties............ 73,184 73,185 165,000
Net proceeds from issuance of equity
securities to related parties............ 646,291 623,315 438,697
Proceeds from debt issuance............... -- -- 200,000
Additions to borrowed funds............... 872,172 472,478 452,600
Repayments of borrowed funds.............. (876,420) (647,412) (217,473)
Financing costs and other................. -- -- (10,040)
--------- --------- -----------
Net cash provided by financing activities. 715,227 521,566 1,028,784
--------- --------- -----------
Net change in cash and cash equivalents from
operating, investing and financing
activities................................. 98,140 51,187 (11,572)
Net decrease in cash due to foreign currency
fluctuations............................... (766) (326) (831)
--------- --------- -----------
Net change in cash and cash equivalents..... 97,374 50,861 (12,403)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
the year................................... 54,839 3,978 16,381
--------- --------- -----------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the
year....................................... $ 152,213 $ 54,839 $ 3,978
========= ========= ===========
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral
part of these statements.
49
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1999
Note 1--Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation. The accompanying consolidated financial statements
include the accounts of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc. ("MGM"), Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Studios Inc. and its majority owned subsidiaries ("MGM Studios") and Orion
Pictures Corporation and its majority owned subsidiaries ("Orion")
(collectively, the "Company"). MGM is a Delaware corporation formed on July
10, 1996 specifically to acquire MGM Studios, and is majority owned by an
investor group comprised of Tracinda Corporation and a corporation that is
principally owned by Tracinda (collectively, "Tracinda") and certain executive
officers of the Company. The acquisition of MGM Studios by MGM was completed
on October 10, 1996, at which time MGM commenced principal operations. The
acquisition of Orion was completed on July 10, 1997. The Company completed the
acquisition of certain film libraries and film related rights that were
previously owned by PolyGram N.V. and its subsidiaries ("PolyGram") on January
7, 1999.
As permitted by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 53,
"Financial Reporting by Producers and Distributors of Motion Pictures," the
Company has presented an unclassified consolidated balance sheet. Certain
reclassifications have been made to amounts reported in prior periods to
conform with current presentation.
Business. The Company is engaged primarily in the development, production
and worldwide distribution of theatrical motion pictures and television
programs. The Company also distributes films produced or financed, in whole or
in part, by third parties. The Company's business units have been aggregated
into three reportable operating segments: feature films, television
programming and other operating activities (see Note 12). Operating units
included in the other operating segment include licensing and merchandising,
interactive media and music, as well as the Company's equity investments.
Motion picture and television production and distribution is highly
speculative and inherently risky. There can be no assurance of the economic
success of such motion pictures and television programming since the revenues
derived from the production and distribution (which do not necessarily bear a
direct correlation to the production or distribution costs incurred) depend
primarily upon their acceptance by the public, which cannot be predicted. The
commercial success of a motion picture also depends upon the quality and
acceptance of other competing films released into the marketplace at or near
the same time, the availability of alternative forms of entertainment and
leisure time activities, general economic conditions and other tangible and
intangible factors, all of which can change and cannot be predicted with
certainty. The theatrical success of a motion picture is a very important
factor in generating revenues from such motion picture in other media.
The success of the Company's television programming also may be impacted by,
among other factors, prevailing advertising rates, which are subject to
fluctuation. Therefore, there is a substantial risk that some or all of the
Company's motion picture and television projects will not be commercially
successful, resulting in costs not being recouped or anticipated profits not
being realized.
Principles of Consolidation. The consolidated financial statements include
the accounts of MGM, MGM Studios, Orion and all of their majority-owned and
controlled subsidiaries. The Company's investments in related companies which
represent a 20% to 50% ownership interest over which the Company has
significant influence but not control are accounted for using the equity
method (see Note 5). All significant intercompany balances have been
eliminated.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. The Company considers all highly liquid debt
instruments, purchased with an initial maturity of three months or less, to be
cash equivalents. Included in other assets at December 31, 1999 and 1998 is
approximately $2,143,000 and $4,333,000, respectively, of cash restricted by
various escrow agreements. The carrying value of the Company's cash
equivalents approximated cost at each balance sheet date.
50
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Revenue Recognition. Revenues from theatrical distribution of feature films
are recognized on the dates of exhibition. Revenues from direct home video
distribution are recognized, net of an allowance for estimated returns,
together with related costs, in the period in which the product is available
for sale by the Company's customers. Under revenue sharing arrangements, the
Company also participates in consumer rental revenues generated in the home
video market by rental establishments. Revenues from television licensing,
together with related costs, are recognized when the feature film or
television program is available to the licensee for telecast. Long-term non-
interest-bearing receivables arising from licensing agreements are discounted
to present value.
Accounting for Film and Television Costs. Except for purchase accounting
adjustments, film costs include the costs of production, prints, pre-release
and other advertising expected to benefit future periods and capitalized
overhead and interest. These costs, as well as participations and talent
residuals, are charged against earnings on an individual film basis in the
ratio that the current year's gross film revenues bear to management's
estimate of total remaining ultimate gross film revenues from all sources. The
cost allocated to films revalued in purchase accounting (including the MGM,
Orion and PolyGram film libraries) is being amortized over their estimated
economic lives not to exceed 20 years.
Film costs are stated at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value
on an individual film basis. Revenue and cost forecasts are continually
reviewed by management and revised when warranted by changing conditions. When
estimates of total revenues and costs indicate that a feature film or
television program will result in an ultimate loss, additional amortization is
recognized to the extent required to produce a zero gross margin over the
remaining life of the film or television program.
Property and Equipment. Except for purchase accounting adjustments, property
and equipment are stated at cost. Property and equipment acquired as part of
the acquisitions of MGM Studios and Orion are stated at estimated fair market
value at the dates of acquisition. Depreciation of property and equipment is
computed under the straight-line method over the expected useful lives of
applicable assets, ranging from three to five years. Leasehold improvements
are amortized under the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated
useful lives of the assets or the terms of the related leases. When property
is sold or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated
depreciation is removed from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is
included in income. The costs of normal maintenance, repairs and minor
replacements are charged to expense when incurred.
Goodwill. The excess cost of acquisition over the fair market values of
identifiable net assets acquired (goodwill) is amortized over an estimated
useful life of 40 years using the straight-line method. The Company has
adopted SFAS No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and
for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed of." This statement establishes
accounting standards for the impairment of long-lived assets, certain
identifiable intangibles, and goodwill related to those assets to be held and
used and for long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles to be
disposed of. The carrying value of existing assets is reviewed when events or
changes in circumstances indicate that an impairment test is necessary in
order to determine if an impairment has occurred. When factors indicate that
such assets should be evaluated for possible impairment, the Company estimates
the future cash flows expected to result from the use of the assets and their
eventual disposition, and compare the amounts to the carrying value of the
assets to determine if an impairment loss has occurred. During the year ended
December 31, 1997, the Company reduced goodwill and accrued tax reserves by
$11,075,000 due to the favorable resolution of certain pre-acquisition
contingencies. Accumulated amortization of goodwill was $41,569,000 and
$26,716,000 as of December 31, 1999 and 1998, respectively.
Income Taxes. In accordance with SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income
Taxes," deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized with respect to the
tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement
carrying values and tax bases of existing assets and liabilities. Deferred tax
assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply
to taxable income in the years in which these temporary differences are
expected to be recovered or settled. Further, the effect on deferred tax
assets and liabilities of changes in tax rates is recognized in income in the
period that includes the enactment date.
51
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Foreign Currency Translation. Generally, foreign subsidiary assets and
liabilities are translated into United States dollars at the exchange rates in
effect at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses of foreign
subsidiaries are translated into United States dollars at the average exchange
rates that prevailed during the period. The gains or losses that result from
this process are included as a component of the accumulated other
comprehensive income balance in stockholders' equity. Foreign currency
denominated transactions are recorded at the exchange rate in effect at the
time of occurrence, and the gains or losses resulting from subsequent
translation at current exchange rates are included in the accompanying
statements of operations.
Financial Instruments. The carrying values of short-term trade receivables
and payables approximate their estimated fair values because of the short
maturity of these instruments. The carrying values of receivables with
maturities greater than one year have been discounted at LIBOR plus 2.50
percent (approximately 8.63 percent and 7.57 percent at December 31, 1999 and
1998, respectively), which approximates the Company's current effective
borrowing rates.
The Company has only limited involvement with derivative financial
instruments and does not use them for trading purposes. They are used to
manage well-defined interest rate risks. The Company enters into interest rate
swaps to lower funding costs, to diversify sources of funding, or to alter
interest rate exposures arising from mismatches between assets and
liabilities. Interest rate swaps allow the Company to raise long-term
borrowings at floating rates and effectively swap them into fixed rates that
are lower than those available to the Company if fixed-rate borrowings were
made directly. Under interest rate swaps, the Company agrees with other
parties to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between fixed-rate
and floating-rate interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed
notional principal amount. See "New Accounting Pronouncements."
Accounts and Contracts Receivable. At December 31, 1999, accounts and
contracts receivable aggregated $473,899,000 (before allowance for doubtful
accounts), of which approximately $386,000,000 is due within one year.
Concentration of credit and geographic risk with respect to accounts
receivable is limited due to the large number and general dispersion of
accounts which constitute the Company's customer base. The Company performs
credit evaluations of its customers and in some instances requires collateral.
At December 31, 1999, approximately 17 percent of the Company's accounts and
contracts receivable arose from an exclusive home video servicing agreement
with Warner Home Video (see Note 3). At December 31, 1998, there were no
significant customers accounting for greater than ten percent of the Company's
accounts and contracts receivable.
Earnings Per Share. The Company computes earnings per share in accordance
with SFAS No. 128, "Earnings Per Share" ("EPS"). The weighted average number
of shares used in computing basic loss per share was 158,015,955, 75,816,326
and 28,634,362 in the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997,
respectively. Dilutive securities of 2,220,972, 1,642,556 and 18,291,004
shares are not included in the calculation of diluted EPS in the years ending
December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively, because they are antidilutive.
Comprehensive Income. The Company computes comprehensive income pursuant to
SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income." This statement establishes
standards for the reporting and display of comprehensive income and its
components in financial statements and thereby reports a measure of all
changes in equity of an enterprise that result from transactions and other
economic events other than transactions with owners.
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements. The preparation
of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities.
Management estimates ultimate revenues and costs for feature films and
television programs for each market based on anticipated release patterns,
public acceptance and historical results for similar products. Actual results
could differ from those estimates.
52
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
New Accounting Pronouncements. In June 1998, the FASB issued SFAS No. 133,
"Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," as amended by
SFAS No. 137, "Deferral of the Effective Date of FASB No. 133, Accounting for
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," which is effective for all
quarters of fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2000. This statement
establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments,
including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and for
hedging activities.
In October 1998, the FASB issued an Exposure Draft on a proposed Statement
of Position (the "Proposed SOP") for "Accounting By Producers and Distributors
of Films." If adopted, the Proposed SOP would establish new accounting and
reporting standards for all producers and distributors that own or hold the
rights to distribute or exploit films. The Proposed SOP provides that the
cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles caused by adoption of
the provisions of the SOP should be included in the determination of net
income in conformity with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 20,
"Accounting Changes." If adopted, the Proposed SOP, as currently drafted,
would be effective for financial statements for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2000, with earlier adoption encouraged.
In December 1999, the Securities and Exchange Commission released Staff
Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") No. 101. "Revenue Recognition in Financial
Statements." The SAB provides guidance on the recognition, presentation and
disclosure of revenue in financial statements, including certain criteria for
gross versus net recording of sales transactions. This SAB is required to be
implemented by the Company in the first quarter of 2000. The Company has not
determined the effect of this new guidance on the financial statements. SAB
No. 101 allows any required changes to be recorded in accordance with
Accounting Principles Board No. 20, "Accounting Changes."
The Company will adopt these statements on their respective effective dates.
The effect of these new accounting pronouncements has not yet been determined
by management.
Note 2--Acquisitions, Restructuring and Other Charges
Orion Acquisition. On July 10, 1997, the Company acquired all the
outstanding common stock of Orion, together with certain of its subsidiaries,
for an aggregate purchase price of $573,000,000 (the "Orion Acquisition"). The
Company financed the Orion Acquisition through (i) the issuance of 13,375,107
and 1,625,013 shares of the Common Stock to Tracinda and Seven Network
Limited, a former stockholder whose interest was wholly acquired by Tracinda
in September 1998 ("Seven"), respectively, for aggregate net proceeds of
$360,000,000, (ii) borrowings by Orion under a $250,000,000 Orion credit
facility, which was subsequently refinanced into MGM Studios credit
facilities, and (iii) assumption of certain liabilities.
PFE Library Acquisition. On January 7, 1999, the Company acquired certain
film libraries and film related rights (the "PFE Libraries") containing over
1,300 feature films that were previously owned by PolyGram for $235,000,000
(the "PFE Library Acquisition"), plus acquisition related costs of $1,201,000.
The Company funded the PFE Library Acquisition through an advance on the
Revolving Facility (as defined in Note 7) and utilization of cash on hand.
Restructuring and Other Charges. In association with a restructuring program
implemented by the Company in September 1998, the Company recorded a charge
against earnings of $13,182,000 representing severance and other costs, of
which $9,972,000 was paid in 1998 and $2,819,000 was paid in 1999. This charge
included the termination of 114 employees across all divisions of the Company.
In June 1999, the Company incurred certain restructuring and other charges,
in association with a change in senior management and a corresponding review
of the Company's operations, aggregating $214,559,000 million, including (i) a
$129,388,000 million reserve for pre-release film cost write-downs and certain
other charges
53
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
regarding a re-evaluation of film properties in various stages of development
and production, which has been included as a charge in film and television
production and distribution expenses, and (ii) $85,171,000 million of
severance and other related costs, of which $9,013,000 million has been
classified in general and administrative expenses, as well as the estimated
costs of withdrawing from the Company's arrangements with United International
Pictures B.V. ("UIP") no later than November 1, 2000. The severance charge in
1999 included the termination of 46 employees, including the Company's former
Chairman and Vice Chairman, across all divisions of the Company. As of
December 31, 1999, the Company has utilized $59,759,000 of the pre-release
film cost write-down reserves and has paid $25,450,000 of the severance and
related costs.
Note 3--WHV Contract Settlement
On March 12, 1999, the Company agreed to accelerate the expiration of the
right of Warner Home Video ("WHV") to distribute the Company's product in the
home video marketplace under an agreement executed in 1990 (the "WHV
Agreement"). In consideration for the early expiration of the WHV Agreement,
the Company paid WHV $225,000,000, of which $112,500,000 was paid on March 12,
1999 and the remaining $112,500,000, plus interest, was paid on September 1,
1999. The parties restructured the terms of the WHV Agreement, which
functioned as an interim distribution agreement (the "Transitional Video
Agreement"), under which WHV distributed certain of the Company's product in
the home video marketplace. The Transitional Video Agreement expired on
January 31, 2000, at which time the Company commenced distribution of its home
video product in the domestic market. The Company has contracted with Fox
Entertainment Group to distribute its home video product internationally
beginning February 1, 2000. Additionally, the Company reconveyed to Turner
Entertainment Co., Inc. ("Turner"), an affiliate of WHV, the right that the
Company had to distribute in the home video markets worldwide until June 2001,
2,950 Turner titles that had been serviced under the WHV Agreement. The
Company recorded a pre-tax contract termination charge in the year ended
December 31, 1999 for $225,000,000 for costs in connection with the early
expiration of WHV's rights under the WHV Agreement.
Note 4--Film and Television Costs
Film and television costs, net of amortization, are summarized as follows
(in thousands):
December 31, December 31,
1999 1998
------------ ------------
Theatrical productions:
Released........................................ $ 3,011,248 $2,116,007
Less: accumulated amortization.................. (1,277,426) (750,008)
----------- ----------
Released, net................................... 1,733,822 1,365,999
Completed not released, net..................... 28,286 98,654
In process and development, net................. 88,889 283,242
----------- ----------
Subtotal: theatrical productions.............. 1,850,997 1,747,895
----------- ----------
Television programming............................ 697,515 567,138
Less: accumulated amortization.................. (384,054) (238,370)
----------- ----------
Subtotal: television programming.............. 313,461 328,768
----------- ----------
$ 2,164,458 $2,076,663
=========== ==========
Interest costs capitalized to theatrical productions were $15,845,000,
$16,775,000 and $15,242,000 during the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and
1997, respectively.
Based on the Company's estimates of projected gross revenues as of December
31, 1999, approximately 80 percent of unamortized film costs applicable to
released theatrical films and television programs, excluding
54
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
acquired film libraries, will be amortized during the four years ending
December 31, 2003. For acquired film libraries, $1,293,000,000 of net film
costs as of December 31, 1999 remain to be amortized under the income forecast
method over an average remaining life of 17.4 years.
Note 5--Investments and Advances to Affiliates
Distribution in foreign theatrical and certain pay television markets is
performed by UIP, in which the Company has a one-third interest. The Company's
investment in UIP, which is included in investments and advances to
affiliates, is stated at cost plus equity in undistributed earnings. The
Company includes in its financial statements the revenues and related costs
associated with its films distributed by UIP. The distribution fees paid to
UIP by the Company are included in film and television production and
distribution expense. Due to timing differences there are no taxable earnings
and, therefore, there is no tax provision on undistributed earnings. The
Company's share of the net profits in UIP in the years ended December 31,
1999, 1998 and 1997 were $5,568,000, $7,391,000 and $6,227,000, respectively.
In June 1999, the Company announced its intention to withdraw from its
arrangements with UIP effective in November 2000 (see Note 2).
In May 1996, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with Encore
International, Inc., an indirect subsidiary of TeleCommunications, Inc., to
develop MGM Gold Networks (Asia) ("MGM Gold"), a satellite and cable delivery
channel based in Asia whose operations were terminated in April 1998. In
addition, in May 1998, the Company acquired a 50 percent interest in a Latin
American cable programming joint venture, MGM Networks Latin America ("MGM
Latin America"), for certain assets contributed by the Company to the joint
venture. The Company shares equally in the profits of the venture and is
obligated to fund 50 percent of the joint venture's expenses up to a maximum
of approximately $24,000,000, of which the Company had funded approximately
$18,500,000 as of December 31, 1999. The Company's share of MGM Gold's and MGM
Latin America's start-up losses in the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and
1997 were $6,952,000, $9,296,000 and $11,754,000, respectively.
Investments are summarized as follows (in thousands):
December 31, December 31,
1999 1998
------------ ------------
UIP................................................ $ 6,004 $ 8,273
MGM Latin America.................................. 5,898 6,724
Others............................................. 3,305 2,677
------- -------
$15,207 $17,674
======= =======
Note 6--Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are summarized as follows (in thousands):
December 31, December 31,
1999 1998
------------ ------------
Leasehold improvements............................. $ 22,974 $ 20,921
Furniture, fixtures and equipment.................. 51,058 34,056
-------- --------
74,032 54,977
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization..... (25,829) (16,341)
-------- --------
$ 48,203 $ 38,636
======== ========
55
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Note 7--Bank and Other Debt
Bank and other debt is summarized as follows (in thousands):
December 31, December 31,
1999 1998
------------ ------------
Term Loans........................................ $700,000 $700,000
Capitalized lease obligations and other
borrowings....................................... 19,438 20,574
-------- --------
$719,438 $720,574
======== ========
On October 15, 1997, the Company entered into an amended and restated credit
facility with a syndicate of banks aggregating $1.3 billion (the "Amended
Credit Facility") consisting of a six year $600,000,000 revolving credit
facility (the "Revolving Facility"), a $400,000,000 seven and one-half year
term loan ("Tranche A Loan") and a $300,000,000 eight and one-half year term
loan ("Tranche B Loan") (collectively, the "Term Loans"). The Amended Credit
Facility contains provisions allowing, with the consent of the requisite
lenders and subject to syndication thereof, for an additional $200,000,000
tranche, raising the potential amount of Amended Credit Facility to $1.5
billion. The Revolving Facility and the Tranche A Loan bear interest at
2.50 percent over the Adjusted LIBOR rate, as defined (8.63 percent at
December 31, 1999). The Tranche B Loan bears interest at 2.75 percent over the
Adjusted LIBOR rate (8.88 percent at December 31, 1999). Scheduled
amortization of the Term Loans under the Amended Credit Facility commences
with $33,000,000 in 2001, $73,000,000 in 2002, $103,000,000 in 2003,
$103,000,000 in 2004 and $103,000,000 in 2005, with the remaining balance due
at maturity. There were no amounts outstanding under the Revolving Facility at
December 31, 1999 and 1998. The Revolving Facility matures in October 2003,
subject to extension under certain conditions.
The Company has entered into three year fixed interest rate swap contracts
in relation to a portion of the Amended Credit Facility for a notional value
of $800,000,000 at an average rate of approximately 7.5 percent, which expire
in various terms no later than December 2001. At December 31, 1999, the
Company would be entitled to receive approximately $15,139,000 if such swap
contracts were terminated.
The Company's borrowings under the Amended Credit Facility are secured by
substantially all the assets of the Company. The Amended Credit Facility
contains various covenants including limitations on dividends, capital
expenditures and indebtedness, and the maintenance of certain financial
ratios. The Amended Credit Facility was amended in 1999 and 1998 to modify
certain of these financial covenants.
Lease and other borrowings. Capitalized lease and other borrowings relate
principally to contractual liabilities and computer equipment financing at
interest rates of ranging from approximately nine to ten percent.
Maturity schedule. Credit facilities, lease and other borrowings at December
31, 1999 are scheduled to mature as follows (in thousands):
2000............................................................ $ 9,598
2001............................................................ 38,475
2002............................................................ 74,081
2003............................................................ 104,196
2004............................................................ 103,588
Thereafter...................................................... 389,500
--------
$719,438
========
56
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Note 8--Stockholders' Equity
Recapitalization. On November 13, 1997, the Company effected a
recapitalization pursuant to which the Company, immediately prior to the
closing of the IPO and the Tracinda Purchase (as such terms are defined below)
(i) converted each share of its Preferred Stock into one share of Common
Stock, (ii) effected a 41.667 for 1 stock split and (iii) increased the number
of authorized shares of the Common Stock from 50,000,000 to 125,000,000. Share
and per share information have been retroactively restated for all periods
presented to reflect this recapitalization.
Orion Acquisition. The Company financed a portion of the Orion Acquisition
through the issuance of 13,375,107 and 1,625,013 shares of the Common Stock to
Tracinda and Seven, respectively, for aggregate net proceeds of $360,000,000
(see Note 2).
Initial Public Offering and Tracinda Purchase. On November 13, 1997, the
Company issued and sold 9,000,000 new shares of the Common Stock at a price
per share of $20, less an underwriting discount and offering expenses, for net
proceeds of $165,000,000, in an initial public offering (the "IPO").
Concurrent with the consummation of the IPO, Tracinda purchased directly from
the Company 3,978,780 shares of the Common Stock, at a price per share of $20
less an amount equal to the underwriting discount per share for shares issued
in the IPO, for net proceeds of $75,000,000 (the "Tracinda Purchase").
Subsequently, $190,000,000 of the net proceeds of the IPO and the Tracinda
Purchase were used to repay existing bank debt and the remaining net proceeds
were retained and used for working capital purposes.
Seven Sale. On September 1, 1998, Tracinda purchased from Seven 16,208,463
shares of the Common Stock, representing all of the capital stock of the
Company beneficially owned by Seven, for a price per share of $24 and an
aggregate purchase price of $389,003,000 (the "Seven Sale"). With the
consummation of the Seven Sale, Tracinda and 250 Rodeo, Inc., an affiliate of
Tracinda ("250 Rodeo"), increased their beneficial ownership of the Company to
approximately 89.5 percent.
1998 Rights Offering. On October 26, 1998, the Company issued to the holders
of record of the Common Stock, at no charge to such holders, transferable
subscription rights (the "Rights") to subscribe for 84,848,485 shares (the
"Shares") of the Common Stock for $8.25 per share (the "1998 Subscription
Price") (the "1998 Rights Offering"). Holders of the Common Stock received
1.289 Rights for each share of the Common Stock held as of October 26, 1998.
Rights holders were allowed to purchase one share of the Common Stock at the
1998 Subscription Price for each whole Right held (the "Basic Subscription
Privilege"). Rights holders who exercised the Basic Subscription Privilege in
full also had the opportunity to purchase additional shares at the 1998
Subscription Price pursuant to an Oversubscription Privilege, as defined.
Pursuant to the 1998 Rights Offering, Tracinda and 250 Rodeo each committed to
exercise the Basic Subscription Privilege with respect to all of the
Subscription Rights distributed to it (subject to certain conditions). The
Rights pursuant to the 1998 Rights Offering expired on November 16, 1998. The
1998 Rights Offering was fully subscribed (including shares issued pursuant to
the Oversubscription Privilege), and the Company issued the Shares for total
net proceeds of $696,500,000 (gross proceeds of $700,000,000 less applicable
fees and expenses of approximately $3,500,000). The net proceeds from the 1998
Rights Offering were used to repay in full the amounts outstanding under a
bridge loan, and then to repay borrowings outstanding under the Revolving
Facility.
In connection with the 1998 Rights Offering, the Company also amended its
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation in order to increase the
number of shares of the Common Stock authorized from 125,000,000 to
250,000,000 (the "Amendment"). The Amendment was approved by the Board of
Directors of the Company and Tracinda (which represents a majority of the
outstanding Common Stock) on October 22, 1998 and was effective prior to the
closing of the 1998 Rights Offering.
57
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
1999 Rights Offering. On October 15, 1999, the Company issued to its
stockholders of record of the common stock, at no charge to such holders,
transferable subscription rights to subscribe for an aggregate of 49,714,554
shares of the common stock for $14.50 per share (the "1999 Subscription
Price") (the "1999 Rights Offering"). Holders of the common stock received
0.328 Rights for each share of the common stock held as of October 15, 1999.
Rights holders were allowed to purchase one share of the common stock at the
1999 Subscription Price for each whole Right held. Rights holders who
exercised their Rights also had the opportunity to purchase additional Shares
at the 1999 Subscription Price pursuant to an Oversubscription Privilege, as
defined. The Rights pursuant to the 1999 Rights Offering expired on November
8, 1999. The 1999 Rights Offering was fully subscribed (including shares
issued pursuant to the Oversubscription Privilege), and the Company issued the
Shares for total net proceeds of $715,238,000 (gross proceeds of $720,861,000
less applicable fees and expenses of $5,623,000). The net proceeds from the
1999 Rights Offering were used to repay in full the amounts outstanding under
a bridge loan and the Revolving Facility, with the balance retained as cash
for general operating purposes.
1996 Incentive Plan. The Company has an Amended and Restated 1996 Stock
Incentive Plan (the "1996 Incentive Plan"). Awards under the 1996 Incentive
Plan are generally not restricted to any specific form or structure and may
include, without limitation, qualified or non-qualified stock options,
incentive stock options, restricted stock awards and stock appreciation rights
(collectively, "Awards"). Awards may be conditioned on continued employment,
have various vesting schedules and accelerated vesting and exercisability
provisions in the event of, among other things, a change in control of the
Company. Outstanding stock options under the 1996 Incentive Plan generally
vest over a period of five years and are not exercisable until vested.
In connection with the 1998 Rights Offering, the per share exercise price of
the stock options granted to certain executive officers and other Senior
employees of the Company (the "Executive Repricing Participants") aggregating
3,164,604 options were reduced from between $20.00 and $24.00 to $14.90, and
for approximately 400 other employees the exercise price of 2,027,900 stock
options was reduced from $20.00 to $14.90, for 10,400 options from $22.00 to
$14.90, for 103,800 options from $21.50 to $14.90 and for 19,800 options from
$19.63 to $14.90 (collectively, the "Options Repricing"). The options which
have had their exercise price adjusted pursuant to the Options Repricing will
not be exercisable until the later of (i) six months following the rights
offering, (ii) the date the Options Repricing is approved by the holders of 75
percent of the outstanding shares of the Common Stock and (iii) the applicable
date of exercise set forth in the respective option agreement. No changes will
be made to the vesting schedule or expiration date of the options subject to
the Options Repricing.
Stock option transactions under the 1996 Incentive Plan were as follows:
December 31, 1999 December 31, 1998 December 31, 1997
-------------------- -------------------- -------------------
Weighted Weighted Weighted
Average Average Average
Exercise Exercise Exercise
Shares Price Shares Price Shares Price
---------- -------- ---------- -------- --------- --------
Options outstanding at
beginning of year...... 7,712,611 $17.25 7,683,952 $22.71 1,745,680 $24.00
Granted................. 16,198,950 $22.17 5,973,714 $14.73 5,948,672 $22.33
Exercised............... (218,421) $14.83 -- -- -- --
Cancelled............... (2,296,833) $15.60 (5,945,055) $22.16 (10,400) $20.00
---------- ------ ---------- ------ --------- ------
Options outstanding at
end of year............ 21,396,307 $20.52 7,712,611 $17.25 7,683,952 $22.71
========== ====== ========== ====== ========= ======
Options exercisable at
end of year............ 3,619,361 $15.77 765,662 $24.00 -- --
========== ====== ========== ====== ========= ======
58
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
In 1999 Tracinda exercised 156,251 options, not included in the 1996
Incentive Plan, at an exercise price of $6.41 per share. Additionally, Celsus
Financial Corporation, an entity wholly-owned by a former director of the
Company, holds 156,251 options at an exercise price of $6.41 per share. These
options expire on October 10, 2002 and are fully vested and exercisable.
The following table summarizes information about the outstanding options at
December 31, 1999 under the 1996 Incentive Plan:
Weighted
average
Outstanding remaining
number of contractual
Exercise price options life
-------------- ----------- -----------
$11.38.......................................... 215,100 8.94
$14.90.......................................... 12,640,121 7.39
$15.50-$17.88................................... 432,750 9.76
$24.00.......................................... 358,336 6.78
$30.00.......................................... 7,750,000 9.35
----------
21,396,307
==========
The Company applies Accounting Principles Board ("APB") Opinion No. 25,
"Accounting For Stock Issued to Employees," and related interpretations in
accounting for its plans. Had compensation cost for these plans been
determined consistent with FASB Statement No. 123, the Company's net loss
would have been the following pro forma amounts:
Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
--------- --------- ---------
Net loss:
As reported................................ $(530,910) $(157,648) $(128,114)
Pro forma.................................. $(547,304) $(170,546) $(136,187)
Pro forma loss per share................... $ (3.46) $ (2.25) $ (4.76)
The fair value of each option grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes
model based on the following assumptions: the weighted average fair value of
stock options granted in the year ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997 was
$8.03, $4.62 and $5.41, respectively. The dividend yield was 0 percent in all
periods, and expected volatility was 59.5 percent, 40.5 percent and 0 percent
for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively. Also, the
calculation uses a weighted average expected life of 5.0 years in each year,
and a weighted average assumed risk-free interest rate of 5.6 percent, 4.9
percent and 5.9 percent for the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997,
respectively.
Senior Management Bonus Plan and Other Options. The Company has a Senior
Management Bonus Plan (the "Senior Management Bonus Plan") under which
2,420,685 bonus interests ("Bonus Interests") have been granted to certain
Senior employees. Subject to certain vesting and other requirements, each
Bonus Interest held by the Executive Repricing Participants entitles the
holder to receive a cash payment if (a) the sum of the average closing price
of Common Stock during the 20 trading days plus, in certain circumstances, per
share distributions on the Common Stock (together, the "Price") preceding a
Determination Date, as defined, is greater than (b) $14.90 and less than
$29.80 (adjusted for stock splits, reverse stock splits and similar events).
With respect to Bonus Interests held by all others, each Bonus Interest
entitles the holder to receive a cash payment if the Price preceding a
Determination Date, as defined, is greater than $24.00 and less than $48.00
(adjusted for stock splits, reverse stock splits and similar events). The cash
payment will be equal to (i) the vested portion of the
59
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Bonus Interest at the Determination Date multiplied by (ii) the amount by
which the Price at the Determination Date is less than $29.80, with respect to
Executive Repricing Participants, or $48.00 with respect to all others,
multiplied by (iii) 1.61, with respect to the Executive Repricing Participants
only (in each case, a maximum of $24.00 per Bonus Interest). Once a payment is
made in respect of the vested portion of a Bonus Interest, no further payment
is due in respect of that portion. If at any Determination Date the Price
equals or exceeds $29.80, with respect to Executive Repricing Participants, or
$48.00, with respect to all others, no payments will thereafter be due in
respect of any then-vested portion of a Bonus Interest. Bonus Interests vested
20 percent at October 1, 1997 and 1/60 each month thereafter. At December 31,
1999, there were 2,377,435 Bonus Interests outstanding, of which 2,008,655
were vested.
Pursuant to an employment termination agreement, in August 1999 the Company
repriced stock options of a former executive officer aggregating 1,745,680
shares. Such options were repriced to $14.90 and became fully vested and
exercisable. These options are being accounted for as a variable option grant.
The Company has expensed $25,328,000 and $10,500,000 for obligations under
these plans for the years ended December 31, 1999 and 1997, respectively, of
which $25,328,000 is included in restructuring and other charges related to
employees terminated in 1999. There were no charges related to these plans in
the year ended December 31, 1998.
Employee Incentive Plan. In January 2000 the Company approved the adoption
of an employee incentive plan (the "Employee Incentive Plan") for eligible
employees (the "Participants"), subject to stockholder approval. In the case
of certain named executive officers of the Company (the "Named Executive
Officers"), bonus awards are determined solely by the Section 162(m)
subcommittee (the "Subcommittee") as follows: (a) objective performance goals,
bonus targets and performance measures are pre-established by the Subcommittee
at a time when the actual performance relative to the goal remains
substantially uncertain and may be based on such objective business criteria
as the Subcommittee may determine, including film performance and EBITDA,
among others; (b) the Subcommittee may exercise discretion to reduce an award
to a Named Executive Officer by up to 25% so long as such reduction does not
result in an increase in the amount of the bonus of any other Participant; and
(c) prior to the payment of any bonus to any of the Named Executive Officers,
the Subcommittee will certify to the Company's Board of Directors or the
Executive Committee that the objective pre-established performance goals upon
which such bonus is based have been attained and that the amount of each bonus
has been determined solely on the basis of the attainment of such goals
(subject to the exercise of the negative discretion discussed above).
Other Matters. On July 13, 1999, the following measures, among others, were
approved at the Company's annual meeting of stockholders: (i) an amendment to
the Company's Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase
the total number of shares of the Company's common stock authorized from
250,000,000 to 500,000,000, (ii) the repricing of stock options (which were
effectively approved for repricing in October 1998 by the Company's Board of
Directors and Tracinda) of the Company granted pursuant to the Amended and
Restated 1996 Stock Incentive Plan, (iii) an increase in the aggregate number
of shares of the common stock of the Company issuable under the Amended and
Restated 1996 Stock Incentive Plan, (iv) an amendment to the Bonus Interest
Agreements entered into pursuant to the Senior Management Bonus Plan, and (v)
the issuance of options to purchase shares of the common stock of the Company
to to certain executive officers of the Company.
60
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Note 9--Income Taxes
The Company's domestic and foreign tax liability balances consist of the
following (in thousands):
December 31, December 31,
1999 1998
------------ ------------
Current............................................ $ 31,619 $ 34,869
Deferred........................................... -- --
-------- --------
$ 31,619 $ 34,869
======== ========
The income tax effects of temporary differences between book value and tax
basis of assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):
December 31, December 31,
1999 1998
------------ ------------
Deferred tax assets:
Film and television costs........................ $ 182,954 $ 32,078
Participations and residuals payable............. 28,913 61,434
Reserves and investments......................... 56,668 48,332
Net miscellaneous tax assets..................... 34,127 26,595
Operating loss carryforwards..................... 196,592 104,607
--------- ---------
Subtotal, gross deferred tax assets............ 499,254 273,046
Valuation allowance.............................. (368,628) (228,044)
--------- ---------
Total deferred tax assets...................... 130,626 45,002
--------- ---------
Deferred tax liabilities:
Film revenue..................................... (62,081) (41,556)
Purchased film costs............................. (63,029) --
Goodwill......................................... (5,516) (3,446)
--------- ---------
Total deferred tax liabilities................. (130,626) (45,002)
--------- ---------
Net deferred tax liability......................... $ -- $ --
========= =========
At December 31, 1999, the Company and its subsidiaries for U.S. federal
income tax purposes had net operating loss carryforwards of $218,681,000,
$163,568,000, $91,511,000 and $30,323,000, which expire in 2019, 2018, 2012
and 2011, respectively. Under U.S. tax rules enacted in 1997, net operating
losses generated in tax years beginning before August 6, 1997 may be carried
forward for 15 years while losses generated in subsequent tax years may be
carried forward 20 years. Presently, there are no limitations on the use of
these carryforwards.
At December 31, 1999, management has determined that $368,628,000 of
deferred tax assets do not satisfy the recognition criteria set forth in SFAS
No. 109. Accordingly, a valuation allowance has been recorded by the Company
for this amount.
61
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Details of the provision for income taxes are as follows (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------------
1999 1998 1997
--------- -------- --------
Current taxes:
Foreign taxes.............................. $ 9,801 $ 10,181 $ 9,645
Deferred taxes:
Federal and state taxes.................... (140,584) (54,177) (66,102)
Adjustment for change in valuation
allowance................................. 140,584 54,177 66,802
--------- -------- --------
Total tax provision.......................... $ 9,801 $ 10,181 $ 10,345
========= ======== ========
The following is a summary reconciliation of the federal tax rate to the
effective tax rate:
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------------
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
Federal tax rate on pre-tax book loss......... (35)% (35)% (35)%
Goodwill and other permanent differences...... 1 % 3 % 3 %
Foreign taxes, net of available federal tax
benefit...................................... 2 % 7 % 8 %
Loss carryforward not benefitted.............. 34 % 32 % 32 %
------- ------- -------
Effective tax rate............................ 2 % 7 % 8 %
======= ======= =======
The Company has various foreign subsidiaries formed or acquired to produce
or distribute motion pictures outside the United States. In the opinion of
management, the earnings of these subsidiaries are not permanently invested
outside the United States. Pursuant to APB No. 23, "Accounting For Income
Taxes--Special Areas," tax expense has accordingly been provided for these
unremitted earnings.
Note 10--Retirement Plans
The Company has a non-contributory retirement plan (the "Basic Plan")
covering substantially all regular full-time, non-union employees. Benefits
are based on years of service and compensation, as defined. The Company's
disclosures are in accordance with SFAS No. 132, "Employers' Disclosures about
Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits," which revised employers'
disclosures about pension and post-retirement benefit plans.
62
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Reconciliation of the funded status of the plans and the amounts included in
the Company's consolidated balance sheets are as follows (in thousands):
December 31, December 31,
1999 1998
------------ ------------
Projected benefit obligations:
Beginning obligations .......................... $13,652 $10,500
Service cost ................................... 1,681 1,149
Interest cost .................................. 1,070 852
Actuarial loss (gain) .......................... (2,403) 1,506
Benefits paid .................................. (160) (355)
------- -------
Ending obligations ............................. $13,840 $13,652
======= =======
Fair value of plan assets (primarily debt
securities):
Beginning fair value......................... .. $11,205 $ 8,741
Actual return on plan assets.................... 935 1,107
Employer contributions ......................... 1,660 1,712
Benefits paid .................................. (160) (355)
Expenses ....................................... -- --
------- -------
Ending fair value .............................. $13,640 $11,205
======= =======
Funded status of the plans:
Projected benefit obligations................... $13,840 $13,652
Plan assets at fair value....................... 13,640 11,205
Projected benefit obligations in excess of plan
assets......................................... (200) (2,447)
Unrecognized net asset as of beginning of year.. (120) (140)
Unrecognized net loss (gain).................... (622) 1,936
Unrecognized prior service credit............... (136) (149)
------- -------
Net balance sheet liability..................... $(1,078) $ (800)
======= =======
Key assumptions used in the actuarial computations
were as follows:
Discount rate.................. .................. 7.75% 6.75%
======= =======
Long-term rate of return on assets................ 7.25% 7.25%
======= =======
Rate of increase in future compensation levels.... 5.00% 5.00%
======= =======
The unrecognized net asset is being amortized over the estimated remaining
service life of 19.4 years. Domestic pension benefits and expense were
determined under the entry age actuarial cost method.
Pension cost includes the following components (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------
1999 1998 1997
------- ------- -------
Service cost...................................... $ 1,681 $ 1,149 $ 1,213
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation..... 1,070 852 841
Actual return on plan assets...................... (857) (676) (636)
Net amortization and deferral..................... 43 (34) (34)
------- ------- -------
Net periodic pension cost......................... $ 1,937 $ 1,291 $ 1,384
======= ======= =======
63
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
A significant number of the Company's production employees are covered by
union sponsored, collectively bargained multi-employer pension plans. The
Company contributed approximately $6,884,000, $8,890,000 and $12,366,000,
respectively, for such plans in years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997.
Information from the plans' administrators is not sufficient to permit the
Company to determine its share of unfunded vested benefits, if any.
The Company also provides each of its employees, including its officers, who
have completed one year of service with the Company the opportunity to
participate in the MGM Savings Plan (the "Savings Plan"). The Company
contributed approximately $1,350,000, $1,435,000 and $1,172,000, respectively,
to the Savings Plan in the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997.
Note 11--Related Party Transactions
In February 1980, a predecessor-in-interest to the Company granted to a
predecessor-in-interest to MGM Grand, Inc. ("MGM Grand") an exclusive open-
ended royalty-free license, which was amended in 1992 and further amended in
1998. Pursuant to the license, as amended, MGM Grand has the right to use
certain trademarks that include the letters "MGM," as well as logos and names
consisting of or related to stylized depictions of a lion, in its resort hotel
and/or gaming businesses and other businesses that are not related to filmed
entertainment. In 1986 MGM granted MGM Grand Air, Inc. ("Grand Air") an
exclusive open-ended royalty-free license to use one of its logos consisting
of a stylized depiction of a lion in Grand Air's airline business. The Company
did not receive any monetary compensation for these licenses. Tracinda owns a
majority of the outstanding common stock of MGM Grand the parent of both MGM
Grand Hotel, Inc. ("Grand Hotel") and Grand Air. Additionally, the Company and
affiliates of Tracinda occasionally conduct cross-promotional campaigns, in
which the Company's motion pictures and the affiliates' hotels are promoted
together; however, the Company believes that the amounts involved are
immaterial.
The Company and Grand Hotel have an ongoing relationship whereby Grand Hotel
can utilize key art, still photographs of artwork and one minute film clips
from certain of the Company's motion picture releases on an as-needed basis.
The Company did not receive any monetary compensation for these licenses.
The Company periodically sells to Grand Hotel and certain of its affiliates,
on a wholesale basis, videocassettes and other merchandise such as baseball
caps, clothing, keychains and watches bearing the Company's trademarks and
logos for resale to consumers in retail shops located within MGM Grand's
hotels. During the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, the Company
recognized revenues of $17,000, $24,000 and $257,000, respectively, for such
videocassettes and merchandise.
In 1997 MGM Studios and Grand Hotel entered into a site location agreement
with respect to production of a pilot episode of a television series being
developed by MGM Studios. Grand Hotel was not compensated for the use of the
site, but was compensated, on customary terms, for goods and services provided
by Grand Hotel in the amount of $462,000 in the year ended December 31, 1997.
From time to time, the Company charters airplanes from Tracinda for use in
the Company's business. The Company believes that the terms of the charter
arrangements are no less favorable to the Company than those that could be
obtained from unrelated third parties. During the years ended December 31,
1999, 1998 and 1997, the aggregate of the payments made to Tracinda for such
charters were approximately $149,000, $3,000 and $308,000, respectively.
In 1995, the Company licensed to a subsidiary of Seven, a former beneficial
owner of more than 5 percent of the Company's Common Stock, the right to
distribute certain motion picture and television product in the
64
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Australian free television market. This agreement was amended on September 9,
1997. The product licensed includes certain library pictures and theatrical
motion pictures and television series, miniseries and made-for-television
movies produced or distributed by the Company during the term of the
agreement. The license fees for the library product are at a rate which the
Company believes is arm's-length. The term of the output portion of the
agreement is 15 years. The license fees for output product television series,
television movies and television mini-series are on a "most favored nations"
basis with prices paid by the Seven subsidiary for comparable programming.
During the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, the Company
recognized revenues of $5,475,000, $5,651,000 and $4,454,000, respectively,
under this agreement. Management believes that the terms of this agreement are
consistent with the terms of comparable television license arrangements with
third parties.
In 1994, in connection with the formation of Movie Network Channels, a joint
venture in which the Company has a non-controlling interest and a subsidiary
of Seven had a non-controlling interest until April 1999, the Company licensed
to the joint venture certain of its current theatrical and television motion
pictures, as well as a number of its library pictures, for distribution on
Australian pay television. The agreement expires on June 30, 2005, with all
motion pictures covered by the agreement reverting to the Company within one
year after that date, but both the Company and Movie Network Channels have the
right to extend the license for a further four years. The Company receives a
license fee for each picture that is based on the number of Movie Network
Channel's subscribers. The Company recognized such license fee revenues of
$3,261,000, $3,678,000 and $3,056,000 during the years ended December 31,
1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively. The Company believes that the terms of the
agreement are no less favorable to the Company than those contained in its
licenses with unaffiliated licensees.
Seven has agreed to reimburse the Company for losses that the Company may
incur in connection with the distribution of an Australian film with respect
to which the Company has acquired distribution rights from an unrelated third
party.
The Company had an exclusive producer overhead arrangement with FGM
Entertainment for the services of Frank Mancuso, Jr., the son of the Company's
former Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, which was terminated
on August 2, 1999. FGM Entertainment, a company wholly owned by Mr. Mancuso,
Jr., received $400,000 each year, subject to five to ten percent annual
increases, for overhead expenses, as well as a development fund and a
production fund to pay for the costs of developing and producing projects.
Pursuant to this arrangement, the Company paid Mr. Mancuso, Jr. approximately
$1,043,000, $2,429,000 and $1,916,000 during the years ended December 31,
1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively. Pursuant to the termination agreement, the
Company's obligation to fund overhead ceased, Mr. Mancuso Jr. acquired a
feature film produced by the Company for $3,000,000, and Mr. Mancuso Jr.
obtained the right to acquire certain projects developed by him pursuant to a
turnaround arrangement.
In December 1999, the Company agreed to provide a production company owned
by Mr. Coppola, a director of the Company and a member of the Company's
Executive Committee, certain office space and office furnishings/equipment at
no charge for a two-year period as consideration for creative services
provided by Mr. Coppola in connection with certain of the Company's film
product.
On January 14, 1997, MGM Studios and Tracinda entered into an agreement to
share the proceeds from certain insurance claims relating to litigation which
arose prior to 1991. The potential insurance proceeds were allocated 65% to
MGM Studios and 35% to Tracinda based on the relative value of each company's
respective claims, as determined by the parties. The Company received
$8,031,000 in insurance proceeds under such policies during the year ended
December 31, 1997, of which $2,811,000 was paid to Tracinda.
65
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Note 12--Segment Information
The Company applies the disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures
About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information." The Company's
business units have been aggregated into three reportable operating segments:
feature films, television programming and other (see Note 1). The factors for
determining the reportable segments were based on the distinct nature of their
operations. They are managed as separate business units because each requires
and is responsible for executing a unique business strategy. Income or losses
of industry segments and geographic areas exclude interest income, interest
expense, goodwill amortization, income taxes and other unallocated corporate
expenses. Identifiable assets are those assets used in the operations of the
segments. Corporate assets consist of cash, certain corporate receivables and
intangibles. Summarized financial information concerning the Company's
reportable segments is shown in the following tables (in thousands):
Feature Television
Films Programs Other Total
---------- ---------- -------- ----------
Year Ended December 31, 1999:
Revenues.................... $ 888,303 $205,719 $ 48,411 $1,142,433
Segment income (loss)....... $ (77,590) $ 27,602 $ 19,681 $ (30,307)
Identifiable assets......... $2,255,693 $423,204 $ 18,104 $2,697,001
Capital expenditures........ $ 12,691 $ 2,102 $ 6,216 $ 21,009
Depreciation expense........ $ 8,187 $ 1,356 $ 58 $ 9,601
Year Ended December 31, 1998:
Revenues $1,005,747 $197,759 $ 37,217 $1,240,723
Segment income (loss)....... $ 39,748 $ 12,885 $ (3,758) $ 48,875
Identifiable assets......... $2,096,092 $400,646 $ 19,718 $2,516,456
Capital expenditures........ $ 9,293 $ 1,776 $ 18,733 $ 29,802
Depreciation expense........ $ 5,683 $ 1,086 $ 53 $ 6,822
Year Ended December 31, 1997:
Revenues.................... $ 699,219 $114,200 $ 17,883 $ 831,302
Segment income (loss)....... $ 65,509 $ (7,201) $(26,545) $ 31,763
Identifiable assets......... $1,874,683 $311,873 $ 9,414 $2,195,970
Capital expenditures........ $ 6,346 $ 1,056 $ 11,312 $ 18,714
Depreciation expense........ $ 4,505 $ 749 $ 23 $ 5,277
The following table presents the details of other operating segment income
(loss):
Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------
1999 1998 1997
------- -------- --------
Licensing and merchandising..................... $ 4,763 $ 484 $ 2,526
Interactive media............................... 1,309 (9,930) (16,828)
Music........................................... 7,202 4,787 2,140
Losses on equity investments.................... (6,325) (12,536) (14,225)
Profit on sale of interest in joint venture..... -- 10,000 --
Other........................................... 12,732 3,437 (158)
------- -------- --------
$19,681 $ (3,758) $(26,545)
======= ======== ========
66
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
The following is a reconciliation of reportable segment income (loss) to
loss from operations before provision for income taxes:
Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
---------- --------- ---------
Segment income (loss)..................... $ (30,307) $ 48,875 $ 31,763
General and administrative expenses....... (92,116) (92,244) (87,644)
Severance and related costs............... (76,158) (13,182) --
Contract termination fee.................. (225,000) -- --
Goodwill amortization..................... (14,853) (14,289) (11,230)
---------- --------- ---------
Operating loss.......................... (438,434) (70,840) (67,111)
Interest expense, net of amounts
capitalized.............................. (86,445) (80,611) (53,105)
Interest and other income, net............ 3,770 3,984 2,447
---------- --------- ---------
Loss from operations before provision
for income taxes....................... $(521,109) $(147,467) $(117,769)
========== ========= =========
The following is a reconciliation of reportable segment assets to
consolidated total assets:
Year Ended December 31,
----------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
----------- ---------- ----------
Total assets for reportable segments..... $2,697,001 $2,516,456 $2,195,970
Goodwill not allocated to segments....... 546,173 561,026 574,795
Other unallocated amounts................ 181,187 81,496 51,889
----------- ---------- ----------
Consolidated total assets.............. $ 3,424,361 $3,158,978 $2,822,654
=========== ========== ==========
The Company's foreign activities are principally motion picture and
television production and distribution in territories outside of the United
States and Canada. Net foreign assets of subsidiaries operating in foreign
countries are not material in relation to consolidated net assets. Revenues
earned from motion picture and television films produced in the United States
by territory were as follows (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
---------- ---------- --------
United States and Canada..................... $ 648,857 $ 740,480 $458,977
Europe....................................... 338,811 276,673 255,396
Asia and Australia........................... 106,965 158,615 86,695
Other........................................ 47,800 64,955 30,234
---------- ---------- --------
$1,142,433 $1,240,723 $831,302
========== ========== ========
Note 13--Commitments and Contingencies
Leases. The Company has operating leases for offices and equipment. Certain
property leases include provisions for increases over base year rents as well
as for escalation clauses for maintenance and other building operations. Rent
expense was approximately $16,528,000, $15,011,000 and $12,915,000 for the
years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Employment Agreements. The Company has employment agreements with various
principal officers and employees. The agreements provide for minimum salary
levels as well as, in some cases, bonuses.
Creative Talent Agreements. The Company has entered into contractual
agreements for creative talent related to future film production. Such amounts
are scheduled to be paid through 2002.
67
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Future minimum annual commitments under non-cancelable operating leases,
employment agreements, and creative talent agreements as of December 31, 1999
are as follows (in thousands):
2000............................................................ $ 80,366
2001............................................................ 40,910
2002............................................................ 21,784
2003............................................................ 11,401
2004............................................................ 3,934
Thereafter...................................................... --
--------
$158,395
========
Litigation. The Company, together with other major companies in the filmed
entertainment industry, has been subject to numerous antitrust suits brought
by various motion picture exhibitors, producers and others. In addition,
various legal proceedings involving alleged breaches of contract, antitrust
violations, copyright infringement and other claims are now pending, which the
Company considers routine to its business activities.
In the opinion of Company management, any liability under pending litigation
is not expected to be material in relation to the Company's financial
condition or results of operations.
Note 14--Supplementary Cash Flow Information
The Company paid interest, net of capitalized interest, of $74,054,000,
$66,887,000 and $45,394,000 during the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and
1997, respectively. The Company paid income taxes of $13,037,000, $7,137,000
and $8,425,000 during the years ended December 31, 1999, 1998 and 1997,
respectively. During the year ended December 31, 1997, the Company also
received foreign remittance tax refunds of $12,296,000.
Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31,
1999 reflects a $225,000,000 payment to WHV representing the consideration
paid by the Company for the early expiration of the WHV Agreement (see Note
3).
68
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(Continued)
Note 15--Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
Certain quarterly information is presented below (in thousands):
First Second Third Fourth
Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
--------- --------- -------- --------
1999:
Revenues.......................... $ 258,643 $ 212,274 $299,310 $372,206
Operating income (loss)........... $(286,163) $(227,463) $ 34,378 $ 40,814
Interest expense, net of amounts
capitalized...................... $ (19,019) $ (22,219) $(22,807) $(22,400)
Net income (loss)................. $(306,621) $(249,807) $ 10,344 $ 15,174
Basic and diluted income (loss)
per share........................ $ (2.03) $ (1.65) $ .07 $ .08
1998:
Revenues.......................... $ 316,460 $ 281,201 $259,622 $383,440
Operating income (loss)........... $ 1,929 $ (33,621) $(17,402) $(21,746)
Interest expense, net of amounts
capitalized...................... $ (18,254) $ (20,174) $(22,022) $(20,161)
Net loss.......................... $ (18,643) $ (54,994) $(40,271) $(43,740)
Basic and diluted loss per share.. $ (.28) $ (.84) $ (.61) $ (.30)
1997:
Revenues.......................... $ 197,629 $ 153,385 $221,068 $259,220
Operating income (loss)........... $ (1,084) $ (4,775) $ 1,254 $(62,506)
Interest expense, net of amounts
capitalized...................... $ (11,016) $ (9,583) $(15,415) $(17,091)
Net loss.......................... $ (14,193) $ (14,812) $(16,560) $(82,549)
Basic and diluted loss per share.. $ (.85) $ (.88) $ (.55) $ (1.64)
The Company regularly reviews, and revises when necessary, its total revenue
estimates on an individual title basis. These revisions can result in
significant quarter-to-quarter fluctuations in film write-downs and
amortization.
69
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
To Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc.:
We have audited in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in
the United States, the financial statements of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc.
included in this Report on Form 10-K and have issued our report thereon dated
February 1, 2000. Our audits was made for the purpose of forming an opinion on
the basic financial statements taken as a whole. The accompanying schedules
are the responsibility of the Company's management and are presented for
purposes of complying with the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and
are not part of the basic financial statements. These schedules have been
subjected to the auditing procedures applied in the audits of the basic
financial statements and, in our opinion, fairly state in all material
respects the financial data required to be set forth therein in relation to
the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole.
Arthur Andersen LLP
Los Angeles, California
February 1, 2000
70
SCHEDULE I: CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
(PARENT ONLY)
BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share data)
December 31, December 31,
1999 1998
------------ ------------
ASSETS
------
Investments and advances to affiliates............... $2,116,824 $1,919,657
========== ==========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
------------------------------------
Liabilities.......................................... $ -- $ --
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 25,000,000 shares
authorized, none issued........................... -- --
Common stock, $.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares
authorized, 201,419,331 and 150,856,424 shares
issued............................................ 2,014 1,509
Additional paid-in capital......................... 2,931,004 2,203,490
Deficit............................................ (816,506) (285,596)
Accumulated other comprehensive income............. 316 254
Less: treasury stock, at cost, 265 shares.......... (4) --
---------- ----------
Total stockholders' equity....................... 2,116,824 1,919,657
---------- ----------
$2,116,824 $1,919,657
========== ==========
The accompanying Notes to Financial Statements are an integral part of these
statements.
71
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
(PARENT ONLY)
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(in thousands, except share data)
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
----------- ---------- ----------
Revenues................................. $ -- $ -- $ --
Expenses:
Equity in net losses of subsidiaries... 530,910 157,648 94,760
Interest expense, net.................. -- -- 33,354
----------- ---------- ----------
Total expenses....................... 530,910 157,648 128,114
----------- ---------- ----------
Net loss................................. (530,910) (157,648) (128,114)
Foreign currency translation adjustment.. 62 (741) (150)
----------- ---------- ----------
Comprehensive loss....................... $ (530,848) $ (158,389) $ (128,264)
=========== ========== ==========
Loss per share:
Basic and diluted...................... $ (3.36) $ (2.08) $ (4.47)
=========== ========== ==========
Weighted average number of common shares
outstanding:
Basic and diluted...................... 158,015,955 75,816,326 28,634,362
=========== ========== ==========
The accompanying Notes to Financial Statements are an integral part of these
statements.
72
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
(PARENT ONLY)
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(in thousands, except share data)
Preferred Stock Common Stock
------------------ ------------------ Add'l Retained Accum. Other Less: Total
No. of Par No. of Par Paid-in Earnings Comprehensive Treasury Stockholders'
Shares Value Shares Value Capital (Deficit) Income Stock Equity
--------- ------- ----------- ------ ---------- --------- ------------- -------- -------------
Balance December 31,
1996................... 501,006 $ 5 16,700,342 $ 167 $ 901,639 $ 166 $1,145 $ -- $ 903,122
Issuance of preferred
and common stock, net.. 1,914 -- 28,110,145 281 603,416 -- -- -- 603,697
Conversion of preferred
stock into common
stock.................. (502,920) (5) 20,955,168 210 (205) -- -- -- --
Foreign currency
translation
adjustment............. -- -- -- -- -- -- (150) -- (150)
Net loss................ -- -- -- -- -- (128,114) -- -- (128,114)
--------- ------ ----------- ------ ---------- --------- ------ ------- ----------
Balance December 31,
1997................... -- -- 65,765,655 658 1,504,850 (127,948) 995 -- 1,378,555
Common stock issued in
1998 rights offering,
net.................... -- -- 84,848,485 849 695,651 -- -- -- 696,500
Common stock issued to
directors, officers and
employees, net......... -- -- 242,284 2 1,433 -- -- -- 1,435
Amortization of deferred
stock compensation..... -- -- -- -- 1,556 -- -- -- 1,556
Foreign currency
translation
adjustment............. -- -- -- -- -- -- (741) -- (741)
Net loss................ -- -- -- -- -- (157,648) -- -- (157,648)
--------- ------ ----------- ------ ---------- --------- ------ ------- ----------
Balance December 31,
1998................... -- -- 150,856,424 1,509 2,203,490 (285,596) 254 -- 1,919,657
Acquisition of treasury
stock, at cost......... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- (2,040) (2,040)
Common stock issued in
1999 rights offering,
net.................... -- -- 49,714,554 497 714,741 -- -- -- 715,238
Common stock issued to
directors, officers and
employees, net......... -- -- 848,353 8 11,408 -- -- 2,036 13,452
Amortization of deferred
stock compensation..... -- -- -- -- 1,365 -- -- -- 1,365
Foreign currency
translation
adjustment............. -- -- -- -- -- -- 62 -- 62
Net loss................ -- -- -- -- -- (530,910) -- -- (530,910)
--------- ------ ----------- ------ ---------- --------- ------ ------- ----------
Balance December 31,
1999................... -- $ -- 201,419,331 $2,014 $2,931,004 $(816,506) $ 316 $ (4) $2,116,824
========= ====== =========== ====== ========== ========= ====== ======= ==========
The accompanying Notes to Financial Statements are an integral part of these
statements.
73
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
(PARENT ONLY)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------------
1999 1998 1997
--------- --------- ---------
Operating activities:
Net loss.................................... $(530,910) $(157,648) $(128,114)
Adjustments to reconcile net income from
operations to net cash used by operating
activities:
Losses on equity investments, net......... 530,910 157,648 94,760
Amortization of debt issuance costs....... -- -- 3,934
Decrease in accrued liabilities........... -- -- (1,453)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash used by operating activities..... -- -- (30,873)
--------- --------- ---------
Investing activities:
Acquisition of Orion Pictures Corporation... -- -- (561,617)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash used in investing activities....... -- -- (561,617)
--------- --------- ---------
Financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of equity securities
to outside parties......................... 73,184 73,185 165,000
Proceeds from issuance of equity securities
to related parties......................... 646,291 623,315 438,697
Net bank repayments......................... -- -- (443,750)
Net intercompany advances (repayments)...... (719,475) (696,500) 432,543
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by financing activities... -- -- 592,490
--------- --------- ---------
Net change in cash and cash equivalents....... -- -- --
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
period....................................... -- -- --
--------- --------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the
period....................................... $ -- $ -- $ --
========= ========= =========
The accompanying Notes to Financial Statements are an integral part of these
statements.
74
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
(PARENT ONLY)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1999
Note 1--Basis of Presentation
The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of Metro-Goldwyn-
Mayer Inc ("MGM", or "the Company") presented on a separate company (parent
only) basis. MGM is a Delaware corporation formed on July 10, 1996
specifically to acquire MGM Studios, and is majority owned by an investor
group comprised of Tracinda Corporation and a corporation that is principally
owned by Tracinda and certain executive officers of the Company. The
acquisition of MGM Studios by MGM was completed on October 10, 1996, at which
time MGM commenced principal operations. MGM acquired Orion Pictures
Corporation and its majority owned subsidiaries on July 10, 1997.
Note 2--Bank Debt
On October 15, 1997, MGM Studios entered into an amended and restated credit
facility with a syndicate of banks aggregating $1.3 billion (the "Amended
Credit Facility"). Concurrent with the Amended Credit Facility, MGM Studios
repaid $739,653,000 of bank debt and accrued interest on behalf of the
Company. For additional information regarding the Registrant's borrowings
under debt agreements and other borrowings, see Note 7 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
75
METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER INC.
SCHEDULE II--VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS AND RESERVES
(In Thousands)
Additions
-------------------
Balance at Charged to Balance
Beginning Costs and at End
of Period Expenses Acquired Deductions of Period
---------- ---------- -------- ---------- ---------
Year Ended December 31,
1999:
Reserve for allowances and
doubtful accounts......... $23,220 $ 3,235 $ 5,125 $ (10,595) $20,985
======= ======== ======= ========= =======
Reserve for home video
inventory obsolescence,
shrinkage and
reduplication............. $ -- $ 6,800 $ -- $ (5) $ 6,795
======= ======== ======= ========= =======
Reserve for severance and
other costs under
corporate restructuring
program................... $ 3,810 $ 48,958 $ -- $ (19,856) $32,912
======= ======== ======= ========= =======
Reserve for contract
termination costs......... $ -- $257,100 $ -- $(225,000) $32,100
======= ======== ======= ========= =======
Reserve for pre-release
film inventory............ $ -- $129,388 $ -- $ (59,759) $69,629
======= ======== ======= ========= =======
Year Ended December 31,
1998:
Reserve for allowances and
doubtful accounts......... $27,603 $ 467 $ -- $ (4,850) $23,220
======= ======== ======= ========= =======
Reserve for termination
costs under acquisitions.. $16,380 $ -- $ -- $ (16,380) $ --
======= ======== ======= ========= =======
Reserve for severance under
corporate restructuring
program................... $ -- $ 13,182 $ -- $ (9,372) $ 3,810
======= ======== ======= ========= =======
Year Ended December 31,
1997:
Reserve for allowances and
doubtful accounts......... $11,730 $ 3,166 $13,600 $ (893) $27,603
======= ======== ======= ========= =======
Reserve for termination
costs under acquisitions.. $ 9,547 $ -- $36,000 $ (29,167) $16,380
======= ======== ======= ========= =======
76
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
Number Document Description
--------- --------------------
3.1(2) Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company
3.2(7) Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation of the Company
3.3(2) Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company
10.1(2) Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of October 15, 1997,
among the Company, MGM Studios, Orion, certain lenders, Morgan
Guaranty Trust Company of New York ("Morgan"), as agent and Bank of
America ("B of A"), as syndication agent**
10.2(5) Amendment I to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of
March 30, 1998, among the Company, MGM Studios, Orion, certain
lenders, Morgan, as agent and B of A, as syndication Agent
10.3(5) Amendment II and Waiver I to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement;
Amendment I to Amended and Restated Holdings Agreement dated as of
September 9, 1998, among the Company, MGM Studios, Orion, certain
lenders, Morgan, as agent and B of A, as syndication agent
10.4(8) Amendment III and Waiver I to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement;
Amendment II to Amended and Restated Holdings Agreement dated as of
April 30, 1999, among the Company, MGM Studios, Orion, certain
lenders, Morgan, as agent and B of A, as syndication agent
10.5(2) Form of Modification and Cancellation Agreement, dated as of
November 5, 1997
10.6(2) Amended and Restated 1996 Stock Incentive Plan dated as of November
11, 1997 and form of related Stock Option Agreement*
10.7(7) Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated 1996 Stock Incentive Plan*
10.8(6) Form of Executive Option Exchange Agreement*
10.9(2) Senior Management Bonus Plan dated as of November 11, 1997 and form
of related Bonus Interest Agreement*
10.10(6) Bonus Interest Amendment*
10.11(11) Form of 2000 Employee Incentive Plan*
10.12(2) Amended and Restated Employment Agreement of Frank G. Mancuso dated
as of August 4, 1997
10.13(10) Consulting Agreement of Frank G. Mancuso dated as of August 12, 1999
10.14(2) Employment Agreement of A. Robert Pisano dated as of October 10,
1996
10.15(2) Employment Agreement of William A. Jones dated as of October 10,
1996*
10.16(5) Employment Agreement of Daniel J. Taylor dated as of August 1, 1997*
10.17(5) Amendment to Employment Agreement of Daniel J. Taylor dated as of
June 15, 1998*
10.18(6) Employment Agreement of Robert Brada dated as of March 3, 1995*
10.19(6) Amendment to Employment Agreement of Robert Brada dated as of June
1, 1998*
10.20(6) Amendment to Employment Agreement of Robert Brada dated as of
October 30, 1998*
10.21(9) Employment Agreement of Christopher J. McGurk dated as of April 28,
1999*
10.22(9) Letter Agreement between the Company and Christopher J. McGurk dated
April 28, 1999*
10.23(9) Employment Agreement of Alex Yemenidjian dated as of April 28, 1999*
10.24(2) Indemnification Agreement dated as of October 10, 1996--Frank G.
Mancuso
77
EXHIBIT INDEX--(Continued)
Exhibit NumberDocument Description
----------------------------------
10.25(2) Indemnification Agreement dated as of October 10, 1996--William A.
Jones*
10.26(2) Indemnification Agreement dated as of October 10, 1996--James D.
Aljian
10.27(2) Indemnification Agreement dated as of October 10, 1996--Kirk
Kerkorian
10.28(2) Indemnification Agreement dated as of October 10, 1996--Jerome B.
York
10.29(3) Indemnification Agreement dated as of November 7, 1997--Alex
Yemenidjian*
10.30(3) Indemnification Agreement dated as of January 28, 1998--Francis Ford
Coppola
10.31(5) Indemnification Agreement dated as of June 15, 1998--Daniel J.
Taylor*
10.32(6) Indemnification Agreement dated as of October 10, 1996--Robert Brada*
10.33(6) Indemnification Agreement dated as of November 12, 1998--Alexander M.
Haig, Jr.
10.34(6) Indemnification Agreement dated as of November 12, 1998--Willie D.
Davis
10.35(9) Indemnification Agreement dated as of April 28, 1999--Christopher J.
McGurk*
10.36(2) Form of Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement dated as of
August 4, 1997
10.37(5) Form of Waiver and Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated
Shareholders Agreement dated as of August 8, 1998
10.38(5) Form of Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Shareholders
Agreement dated September 1, 1998
10.39(6) Form of Waiver and Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated
Shareholders Agreement
10.40(2) Form of Amended and Restated Stock Option Agreement between the
Company and Celsus Financial Corp.
10.41(2) Form of Inducement Agreement dated as of November 5, 1997
10.42(2) Form of Investment Agreement dated November 12, 1997 between the
Company and Tracinda
10.43(4) 1998 Non-Employee Director Stock Plan*
21(1) List of Subsidiaries of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc.
27(1) Financial Data Schedule
- --------
* Management contract or compensatory plan.
** Filed without Schedules.
(1) Filed herewith.
(2) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1,
as amended (File No. 333-35411) and incorporated herein by reference.
(3) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 1997 (File No. 001-13481) and incorporated herein by
reference.
(4) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Form S-8 (File No. 333-52953) and
incorporated herein by reference.
(5) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1,
as amended (File No. 333-60723) and incorporated herein by reference.
(6) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 1998 (File No. 001-13481) and incorporated herein by
reference.
(7) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Registration on Form S-8 (File No.
333-83823) and incorporated herein by reference.
78
EXHIBIT INDEX--(Continued)
(8) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June
30, 1999 (File No. 0-13481) and incorporated herein by reference.
(9) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3
(File No. 333-82775) and incorporated herein by reference.
(10) Filed as an exhibit to the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 31, 1999 (File No. 0-13481) and incorporated herein by
reference.
(11) Filed as an appendix to the Company's Proxy Statement for the annual
meeting to be held on May 4, 2000 and incorporated herein by reference.
79