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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998 Commission file number 1-496
HERCULES INCORPORATED
A DELAWARE CORPORATION
I.R.S. EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NO. 51-0023450
HERCULES PLAZA
1313 NORTH MARKET STREET
WILMINGTON, DELAWARE 19894-0001
TELEPHONE: 302-594-5000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act
(Each class is registered on the New York Stock Exchange, Inc.)
Title of each class
Common Stock ($25/48 Stated Value)
6-1/2% Convertible Subordinated Debentures due June 30, 1999
8% Convertible Subordinated Debentures due August 15, 2010
9.42% Trust Originated Preferred Securities ($25 liquidation amount),
issued by Hercules Trust I and guaranteed by Hercules Incorporated
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No
--- ---
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to
Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained,
to the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. / /
As of March 1, 1999, registrant had outstanding 100,820,245 shares of
common stock, $25/48 stated value ("Common Stock"), which is registrant's only
class of common stock.
The aggregate market value of registrant's Common Stock held by
non-affiliates based on the closing price on March 1, 1999 was approximately
$3.0 billion.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
(SPECIFIC PAGES INCORPORATED ARE IDENTIFIED UNDER THE APPLICABLE ITEM HEREIN.)
Portions of the registrant's definitive Proxy Statement dated March 19, 1999
(the "Proxy Statement") are incorporated by reference in Part III of this
Report. Other documents incorporated by reference in this report
are listed in the Exhibit Index.
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS:
Hercules Incorporated ("Hercules" or the "company") is a diversified,
worldwide producer of chemicals and related products. The company was
incorporated in Delaware in 1912. During 1998, Hercules made five major
acquisitions with combined annual revenues of approximately $1,600 million. The
largest of these was BetzDearborn Inc., a global specialty chemical company
providing water and process treatment to a variety of commercial and industrial
processes. This acquisition not only adds a new franchise to Hercules'
portfolio, it transforms Hercules' paper chemicals business into a full service
provider to the pulp and paper industry. BetzDearborn's 1997 reported revenues
were $1,295 million. This business is included in the Process Chemicals and
Services segment. The other four acquisitions and the segments in which they are
reported are as follows: Houghton International's paper chemicals group (Process
Chemicals and Services); Citrus Colloids, a pectin manufacturer (Functional
Products); Alliance Technical Products, a manufacturer of resins serving the
water-based adhesives industry (Chemical Specialties); and the 49% share of
FiberVisions owned by Hercules' joint venture partner, making it a wholly owned
subsidiary of Hercules. This business is the world's largest producer of
thermal-bond fiber for disposable diapers and other hygienic products and is
included in the Chemical Specialties segment. In 1997, the company joint
ventured this business and retained a 51% ownership interest. The joint venture
was accounted for under the equity method. Hercules divested its Composite
Products Division (which produced graphite fiber) in 1996 and its Aerospace and
Electronics and Printing businesses in 1995. Accordingly, information related to
divested businesses has been omitted in this Form 10-K, except where relevant.
REPORTABLE SEGMENTS
Hercules operates, both domestically and throughout the world, in three
reportable segments: Process Chemicals and Services, Functional Products, and
Chemical Specialties. The financial information regarding Hercules' segments,
which includes net sales and profit from operations for each of the three years
in the period ended December 31, 1998 and capital employed as of December 31,
1998, 1997, and 1996, is provided in Note 24 to the Consolidated Financial
Statements. See Part II, Item 8.
Information regarding principal products produced and sold by each segment
and principal markets served by each segment is presented in the columns so
designated in the segment table presented below. These products are sold
directly to customers from plants and warehouses, as well as being sold in some
cases (particularly in markets outside the United States) to and through
distributors.
BUSINESS SEGMENTS PRINCIPAL PRODUCTS PRIMARY MARKETS
- ----------------- ------------------ ---------------
Process Chemicals and Services - Offerings designed to enhance customers' processes and improve their manufacturing costs or
environmental impact. On-site service is key to customer satisfaction. Low capital requirements.
Divisions:
Pulp and Paper Performance additives: Pulp and paper mills; makers of
Wet strength, dry strength, rosin size, tissue, towel, packaging, beverage
AKD/ASA size, surface size, dispersed size containers, newsprint, magazine and
book papers, printing and writing
paper, labels, envelopes, etc.
Water treatment:
Influent clarification/mill supply,
cooling towers, boiler systems,
wastewater systems
Process treatment:
Deposit control, biofouling control, foam
control, clarification, retention/drainage,
felt conditioning, deinking, fiber recovery,
water closure, crepe and release aids,
deposit removal
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BUSINESS SEGMENTS PRINCIPAL PRODUCTS PRIMARY MARKETS
- ----------------- ------------------ ---------------
BetzDearborn Water treatment: Industrial, commercial, and
Influent water, boilers, cooling towers, institutional establishments
wastewater
Process treatment: Refineries, chemical plants,
Petroleum refining, chemical manufacturers of metals, automobile
processing, metals processing and assembly plants, makers of food and
finishing, automotive manufacturing, beverage
food and beverage processing, sugar
and alcohol production, mineral processing
Functional Products - Products valued for the characteristics they bring to customer formulations. Key raw materials derived
from biomass. Capital-intensive businesses.
Divisions:
Aqualon Water-soluble polymers: Manufacturers of interior and
- Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) exterior water-based paints.
- Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) Oilfield service companies for oil
- Methylcellulose (MC) and gas exploration. Paper mills.
- Hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) Pharmaceutical companies. Makers of
oral hygiene products, cosmetics,
Solvent-soluble polymers: dairy and bakery products, building
- Nitrocellulose (NC) materials, furniture lacquer,
- Pentaerythritol (PE) printing inks, and aviation fluids
Food Gums Pectin for jams and jellies, yogurt fruit Multinational and regional food
preparations, confectionery, dairy processors located in 110 countries
applications, bakery products, of the world
low-fat/no-fat foods
Carrageenan for dairy, meat, poultry, and
fish products, bakery glazings, toothpaste
Agar for confectionery gels, icings,
biological media
Chemical Specialties - Provides low-cost, technology-driven solutions to meet customer needs and market demands.
Capital-intensive businesses.
Divisions:
FiberVisions Polypropylene and polyethylene Makers of disposable diapers, adult
monocomponent fibers and bicomponent incontinence products, feminine care
(PE/PP) fibers for disposable hygiene products, upholstered fabrics,
products automotive textiles, agricultural
fabrics
Textile fibers for automotive, decorative,
industrial applications
Resins Rosin resins from wood, gum, and tall oil Makers of such consumer and
for adhesives, food, rubber, plastics industrial products as adhesives for
nonwoven fabrics, textile fibers, and
Hydrocarbon resins for adhesives, graphic other materials; masking, packaging,
arts and duct tape; construction
materials; beverages; chewing gum;
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BUSINESS SEGMENTS PRINCIPAL PRODUCTS PRIMARY MARKETS
- ----------------- ------------------ ---------------
Terpene resins for chewing gum, adhesives; wire and cables; plastics; fragrance
terpene specialties for flavor, fragrance, and flavors; printing inks; copier
household products toner
Peroxides for wire and cable insulation,
plastics, rubber
Results of divested businesses (where applicable) are included in
"reconciling items" for segment financial reporting.
In general, Hercules does not produce against a backlog of firm orders;
production is geared primarily to the level of incoming orders and the
projections of future demand. Inventories of finished products, work in process,
and raw materials are maintained to meet delivery requirements of customers and
Hercules' production schedules.
The businesses of each of the segments are not seasonal to any significant
extent.
RAW MATERIALS AND ENERGY
Raw materials and supplies are purchased from a variety of industry
sources, including agricultural, forestry, mining, petroleum, and chemical
industries.
Important raw materials for the Process Chemicals and Services segment are
cationic and anionic polyacrylamides and emulsions, biocides, amines,
surfactants, rosin, adipic acid, epichlorohydrin, fumaric acid, stearic acid,
diethylenetriamine, phosphorus trichloride, wax and starch.
Raw materials important to the Functional Products segment are
acetaldehyde, fatty acids, chemical cotton, woodpulp, ethyl chloride, alcohols,
chlorine, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, monochloroacetic acid, methyl
chloride, caustic, inorganic acids, fruit and floral extracts, guar splits,
seaweed, terpenes, and citrus peel.
The important raw materials for the Chemical Specialties segment are
ketones, alcohols, phenol, adipic acid, epichlorohydrin, fumaric acid, stearic
acid, diethylenetriamine, phosphorus trichloride, wax, casein, starch, pigments,
antioxidants, d-limonene, turpentine, crude tall oil, rosin, pine wood stumps,
aromatic and aliphatic resin formers, cumene, catalysts, pure monomers, toluene,
clay, process oils, and polypropylene resin.
Major requirements for key raw materials and fuels are typically purchased
pursuant to multi-year contracts. Hercules is not dependent on any one supplier
for a material amount of its raw material or fuel requirements, but certain
important raw materials are obtained from sole-source or a few major suppliers.
While temporary shortages of raw materials and fuels may occur
occasionally, these items are currently readily available. However, their
continuing availability and price are subject to domestic and world market and
political conditions as well as to the direct or indirect effect of United
States Government regulations. The impact of any future raw material and energy
shortages on Hercules' business as a whole or in specific world areas cannot be
accurately predicted. Operations and products may, at times, be adversely
affected by legislation, shortages or international or domestic events.
COMPETITION
Hercules encounters substantial competition in each of its three segments.
This competition, from other manufacturers of the same products and from
manufacturers of different products designed for the same uses, is expected to
continue in both the United States and markets outside the United States. Some
of Hercules' competitors, such as companies engaged in petroleum operations,
have more direct access to raw materials, and some have greater financial
resources than Hercules.
The number of Hercules' principal competitors varies from product to product. It
is not practicable to estimate the number of all competitors because of the
large variety of Hercules' products, the markets served and the worldwide
business interests of Hercules.
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PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS
Patents covering a variety of products and processes have been issued to
Hercules and its assignees. In addition, Hercules is licensed under certain
other patents covering its products and processes. Taken as a whole, the rights
of Hercules under these patents and licenses, which expire from time to time,
are considered by Hercules to constitute a valuable asset. However, Hercules
does not consider any single patent or license, or any group thereof related to
a specific product or process, to be of material importance to its business as a
whole.
Hercules or its wholly owned subsidiaries also have registered trademarks
for a number of its products. Some of the more significant trademarks include:
AQUAPEL(R) sizing agent, HERCON(R) sizing emulsions, KYMENE(R) resin,
REGALREZ(R) resin, AQUALON(R) water-soluble polymers, SLENDID(R) fat replacer,
NATROSOL(R) hydroxyethylcellulose, CULMINAL(R) methylcellulose, KLUCEL(R)
hydroxypropylcellulose, NATROSOL FPS(R) water-soluble polymer suspension,
PRECIS(R) sizing agent, NOVUS(R) polymer, DIANODIC(R) cooling water products,
CONTINUUM(R) cooling water products, and Herculon(R) fiber.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Research and development, which is directed toward the discovery and
development of new products and processes, the improvement and refinement of
existing products and processes and development of new applications for existing
products, is primarily company-sponsored. Hercules spent $61 million on research
activities during 1998, as compared to $53 million in 1997 and $56 million in
1996.
ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
Hercules believes that it is in compliance in all material respects with
applicable federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations.
Expenditures relating to environmental cleanup costs have not materially
affected, and are not expected to materially affect, capital expenditures or
competitive position. Additional information regarding environmental matters is
provided in Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 1998, Hercules had 12,357 employees worldwide.
Approximately 7,249 were located in the United States, and of these employees
about 18% were represented by various local or national unions.
INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
Information on net sales and long-lived assets by geographic areas, for
each of the three years ended December 31, 1998, appears in Note 24 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements. Direct export sales from the United States to
unaffiliated customers were $319 million, $309 million, and $295 million for
1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively. Hercules' operations outside the United
States are subject to the usual risks and limitations related to investments in
foreign countries, such as fluctuations in currency values, exchange control
regulations, wage and price controls, employment regulations, effects of foreign
investment laws, governmental instability (including expropriation or
confiscation of assets) and other potentially detrimental domestic and foreign
governmental policies affecting United States companies doing business abroad.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES:
The company's corporate headquarters and major research center are located
in Wilmington, Delaware. In addition, the administrative headquarters of the
BetzDearborn Division is located in Trevose, Pennsylvania. Information as to
Hercules' principal manufacturing facilities and the segment served by each is
presented below.
All principal properties are owned by Hercules, except for the company's
corporate headquarters, which is leased.
The following are Hercules' major worldwide plants:
Process Chemicals and Services - Aberdeen, Scotland; Addison, Illinois;
Bakersfield, California; Beaumont, Texas; Beringen, Belgium; Bogota,
Colombia; Buenos Aires, Argentina; Burlington, Ontario, Canada; Busnago,
Italy; Chicopee, Massachusetts; Crissey, France; Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;
Ferentino, Italy; Franklin, Virginia; Garland, Texas; Hattiesburg,
Mississippi; Helsingborg, Sweden; Herentals, Belgium; Houston, Texas; Hsin
Chu Hsien, Taiwan; Iksan City, Korea; Ingleburn, Australia; Jurong Town,
Singapore; Kalamazoo, Michigan; Kilafors, Sweden; Kim Cheon, Korea;
Langhorne, Pennsylvania; Lilla Edet, Sweden; Macon,
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Georgia; Mexico City, Mexico; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Mississauga, Ontario,
Canada; Nantou, Taiwan; New Philadelphia, Ohio; Orange, Texas; Pandaan,
Indonesia; Paulinia, Brazil; Pendlebury, England; Point-Claire, Quebec,
Canada; Portland, Oregon; Qualiano, Italy; Reserve, Louisiana; Sandarne,
Sweden; Santiago, Chile; Savannah, Georgia; Shanghai, China ; Sobernheim,
Germany; Sorocaba, Brazil; St.-Jean, Quebec, Canada; Tampere, Finland;
Tarragona, Spain; Traun, Austria; Valencia, Venezuela; Voreppe, France;
Washougal, Washington; Widnes, United Kingdom; Zwijndrecht, the
Netherlands.
Functional Products -. Alizay, France; Cebu, the Philippines ; Doel,
Belgium; Grossenbrode, Germany; Hopewell, Virginia; Kenedy, Texas; La
Calera, Chile; Lille Skensved, Denmark; Limeira, Brazil; Louisiana,
Missouri; Parlin, New Jersey; Zwijndrecht, the Netherlands. Chemical
Specialties - Athens, Georgia; Beringen, Belgium; Brunswick, Georgia;
Burlington, Ontario, Canada; Covington, Georgia; Franklin, Virginia;
Gibbstown, New Jersey; Hattiesburg, Mississippi; Jefferson, Pennsylvania;
Middelburg, the Netherlands; Portland, Oregon; San Juan del Rio, Mexico;
Savannah, Georgia; Suzhou, China; Tokushima, Japan; Uruapan, Mexico; Varde,
Denmark.
Hercules plants and facilities, which are continually added to and
modernized, are generally considered to be in good condition and adequate for
business operations. From time to time Hercules discontinues operations at, or
disposes of, facilities that have for one reason or another become unsuitable.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS:
In September 1993, Hercules and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) Region 1 reached an agreement in principle in settlement of the EPA's
claims that Hercules violated its wastewater permit with the City of Chicopee
and the Federal pretreatment standard for industrial users of publicly owned
treatment works at its Chicopee, Massachusetts facility. Hercules signed a
Consent Decree, which was entered by the court on December 15, 1994, based on
this agreement, requiring supplemental environmental projects (at a cost of
approximately $375,000), compliance with permit limits in the future, and
$250,000 in fines. Hercules has paid the $250,000 fine and has completed
performance of the supplemental environmental projects. On March 26, 1998, the
Court granted its approval for the termination of the Consent Decree.
In December 1997, Hercules received notice of an enforcement action by the
State of Georgia, Environmental Protection Department (EPD). In the notice, EPD
requested that Hercules enter into a proposed Consent Order, alleged violations
of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and sought a civil penalty
of $250,000. Hercules, without admitting liability, has entered into a Consent
Order with the State of Georgia settling these claims. The Consent Order was
finalized and became effective in January 1999. The consent Order requires
Hercules to pay a fine of $80,000, install 3 aquaria in the Brunswick, Georgia
community, maintain the aquaria for 10 years and remediate certain soils that
are located at Hercules Brunswick, Georgia plant.
Environmental
Hercules has been identified as a potentially responsible party (PRP)
by U.S. federal and state authorities, or has been sued for contribution by
private parties, for the cost of environmental investigation and/or cleanup at
numerous sites. The estimated range of the reasonably possible share of costs
for investigation and cleanup is between $63 million and $199 million. The
actual costs will depend upon numerous factors, including the number of parties
found responsible at each environmental site and their ability to pay, the
actual methods of remediation, outcomes of negotiations with regulatory
authorities, outcomes of litigation, changes in environmental laws and
regulations, technological developments, and the years of remedial activity
required, which could range up to 30 years.
In 1992, Hercules brought suit against its insurance carriers for past
and future costs for cleanup of certain environmental sites. In April 1998, the
trial regarding insurance recovery for the Jacksonville, Arkansas site (see
discussion below) was completed. The jury returned a "Special Verdict Form" with
findings that will, in conjunction with the Court's other opinions, be used by
the Court to enter a judgment. The judgment will determine the amount of
Hercules recovery for past cleanup expenditures and will state that Hercules is
entitled to similar coverage for costs incurred since September 30, 1997 and in
the future. Hercules has not included any insurance recovery in the estimates
above.
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Hercules becomes aware of sites in which it may be, but has not yet
been named a PRP, principally through its knowledge of investigation of sites by
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or other government agencies or
through correspondence with previously named PRPs requesting information on
Hercules' activities at sites under investigation. In addition, Hercules has
established procedures for identifying environmental issues at its respective
plant sites. Environmental coordinators, familiar with environmental laws and
regulations, are resources for identification of environmental issues. Further,
Hercules has environmental audit programs, which are designed to identify
environmental issues at operating plant sites. Through these programs and
information-gathering activities, Hercules identifies potential environmental,
regulatory, and remedial issues.
Litigation over liability at Jacksonville, Arkansas, the most
significant site, has been pending since 1980. As a result of a pretrial Court
ruling in October 1993, Hercules has been held jointly and severally liable for
costs incurred, and for future remediation costs, at the Jacksonville site by
the District Court, Eastern District of Arkansas (the Court).
Other defendants in this litigation have either settled with the
government or, in the case of the Department of Defense (DOD), have not been
held liable. Hercules appealed the Court's order finding the DOD not liable. On
January 31, 1995, the 8th Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the Court's order.
Hercules filed a petition to the U.S. Supreme Court requesting review and
reversal of the 8th Circuit Court ruling. This petition was denied on June 26,
1995, and the case was remanded to the District Court for further proceedings.
On May 21, 1997, the Court issued a ruling that Uniroyal is liable and
that Standard Chlorine is not liable to Hercules for contribution. A trial on
allocation and damages among Hercules, Uniroyal, and the United States was
scheduled to begin October 1998. Through the filing of separate summary judgment
motions, Hercules and Uniroyal raised a number of defenses to the United States'
ability to recover its costs. On October 23, 1998, the Court denied those
motions and granted the United States' summary judgment motion, ordering
Hercules and Uniroyal to pay the United States approximately $103 million plus
any additional response costs incurred or to be incurred after July 31, 1997.
Hercules expects that this amount will be reduced by approximately $7 million,
the amount received by the United States in previous settlements with other
parties. Trial testimony on the issue of allocation between Hercules and
Uniroyal was completed on November 6, 1998. Once a final judgment has been
entered, Hercules expects to appeal the Court's determination with respect to
its liability, the United States' costs, the divisibility of harm issue, and
Standard Chlorine's liability.
At December 31, 1998, the accrued liability for environmental
remediation represents management's best estimate of the probable and reasonably
estimable costs related to environmental remediation. The extent of liability is
evaluated quarterly. The measurement of the liability is evaluated based on
currently available information, including the process of remedial
investigations at each site and the current status of negotiations with
regulatory authorities regarding the method and extent of apportionment of costs
among other PRPs. Hercules does not anticipate that its financial condition will
be materially affected by environmental remediation costs in excess of amounts
accrued, although quarterly or annual operating results could be materially
affected.
Litigation
The company is a defendant in numerous lawsuits that arise out of, and
are incidental to, the conduct of its business. In these legal proceedings, no
specifically identified director, officer, or affiliate is a party or a named
defendant. These suits concern issues such as product liability, contract
disputes, labor-related matters, patent infringement, environmental proceedings,
property damage, and personal injury matters.
Hercules was a defendant in three Qui Tam (Whistle Blower) lawsuits in
the U.S. District Court for the Central District of Utah, brought by former
employees of the Aerospace business sold to Alliant Techsystems Inc. in March
1995. The first suit (United States of America ex. rel, Katherine A. Colunga v.
Hercules Incorporated, et al., Civil No. 89-C-954B), involved allegations
relating to submission of false claims and records under various government
contracts, delivery of defective products, a deficient quality control program,
and wrongful termination claims. The second suit (United States of America ex.
rel. Benny Hullinger, et al., Civil No. 92-CV-085) involved allegations relating
to submission of false claims and records, mischarging of work performed under
government contracts, misuse of government equipment, other acts of financial
mismanagement, and wrongful termination claims. The government, after
investigation of the allegations, declined to intervene in either lawsuit. (A
third Qui Tam lawsuit is described in the following paragraph.) The first
lawsuit was previously scheduled for trial in June 1998. The Court denied
various motions filed by Hercules, including motions for summary judgment and
other
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motions designed to limit the scope of the trial and the extent of damages
claimed. If any damages had been awarded by the jury under the False Claims Act,
such damages would have been automatically tripled by the Court, and attorneys'
fees and costs would also have been added. As a result of the Court's denial of
Hercules' motions, and the Court's position as to how the relevant contracts
should be interpreted, which position was adverse to Hercules, damage claims
could have been presented to the jury in amounts which, if awarded, would have
had a material adverse effect on Hercules. The damages in the second suit were
not defined. In May 1998, Hercules announced that it had agreed to settle the
first lawsuit. Under the terms of the settlement, Hercules was obligated to pay
$36 million to settle the case, plus another $19 million to cover the
plaintiff's attorneys fees, expenses, and costs. Hercules believed no damages
were incurred by the government, no false claims were made to the government,
and alleged damages were speculative and unsupportable. However, because of the
mounting legal costs, the prospect of treble damages, uncertainty present in any
litigation, and to avoid the major costs of a lengthy trial and subsequent
appeal by the losing party, management determined that the settlement was in the
best interest of Hercules' shareholders. The settlement was approved by the
Court and the case was dismissed in July 1998. In August 1998, the parties to
the second lawsuit reached a tentative settlement, subject to approval of the
Court. Although it did not intervene in the case, the U.S. Department of Justice
(DOJ) objected to approval of the tentative settlement, arguing that Hercules
should only be released from claims that the government contended were actually
investigated, and that the proposed allocation of settlement proceeds between
False Claims Act claims and wrongful termination claims should be revised to
attribute a higher percentage of recovery to claims arising under the False
Claims Act. On February 9, 1999, the Court entered a judgment approving the
settlement and dismissing the lawsuit. The DOJ has 60 days from that date in
which to file a Notice of Appeal, if it chooses to do so. The settlement was
recognized in the first quarter 1998.
In March 1995, Hercules sold its Aerospace business to Alliant
Techsystems, Inc. As part of the sale, Hercules received an ownership interest
in Alliant. In March 1997, Alliant and Hercules received a partially unsealed
complaint that named both as defendants, initiated on an unknown date, and filed
in an undisclosed federal Court, in a Qui Tam action by a former employee
alleging violations of the False Claims Act. The action was subsequently
identified as United States of America ex. rel. P. Robert Pratt v. Alliant
Techsystems, Inc and Hercules Incorporated, Civil No. 95-4812 SVW (JGx) in the
U.S. District Court for the Central District of California. The action alleged
labor mischarging at Alliant's Bacchus Works facility in Magna, Utah, and
contained a claim for wrongful termination. Damages were not specified, and
Alliant and Hercules agreed to share equally the cost of defense until such time
as a determination is made as to the applicability of the indemnification
provisions of the Purchase and Sale Agreement between Alliant and Hercules. In
February 1998, the parties reached a tentative settlement, which has since been
finalized, under which all claims alleging mischarging to the Intermediate
Nuclear Forces Contract were settled. The settlement was recognized in the
fourth quarter 1997. Other portions of the complaint, which included allegations
of mischarging to other government contracts and claims for wrongful termination
of employment were not resolved by the settlement. The government did not
intervene in these other matters. In August 1998, the parties reached a
tentative settlement of the remaining portions of the complaint, subject to
approval of the Court. The DOJ objected to approval of the tentative settlement,
arguing that Hercules should only be released from claims that the government
contended were actually investigated, and that the settlement agreement should
have contained certain provisions preventing Alliant from recovering certain
costs under its government contracts. On February 17, 1999, the Court entered a
judgment approving the settlement and dismissing the lawsuit. The DOJ has 60
days from that date in which to file a Notice of Appeal, if it chooses to do so.
The settlement was recognized in the first quarter 1998.
In addition to the Jacksonville, Arkansas, site litigation described
above, two individuals have sued Hercules in a lawsuit captioned Jeffrey
Shelton, Jr., et al. v. Hercules Incorporated, Civil No. LR-C-97-131 (E.D. Ark.
1997). These individuals seek medical monitoring and damages for loss of
recreational opportunities. They have brought a Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA) citizens suit against Hercules seeking an injunction which
would require Hercules to fund or perform various environmental and health
studies and pay for any required remediation to the Bayou Meto. Trial is
presently scheduled for August 1999. Further, 19 individuals have sued Hercules
in a matter entitled Gary Graham, et al. v. Vertac Chemical Corporation and
Hercules Incorporated, No. LR-C-98-678 (E.D. Ark. 1998). These individuals seek
damages for personal injuries and diminution of property value as a result of
alleged dioxin contamination from the Jacksonville site. Trial is presently
scheduled for August 1999. Hercules denies liability in both actions, and
Hercules intends to vigorously defend itself.
BetzDearborn, along with Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E), is a
defendant in four lawsuits involving in the aggregate approximately 2,350
plaintiffs pending in the Superior Court of Los Angeles County, California (the
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Lawsuits). Plaintiffs are comprised primarily of present and former PG&E
employees, their families, and residents living in the vicinity of the three
PG&E facilities that are the subject of the Lawsuits. Plaintiffs seek
unspecified monetary damages (including punitive damages) for personal injuries
arising from alleged exposures to chromate-based products sold or allegedly sold
by Betz Laboratories, Inc. (predecessor to BetzDearborn) to PG&E for use in the
cooling towers located at these facilities. The sales in question occurred or
allegedly occurred at various times between 1952 and the mid-1980s, depending
upon the facility. In the Acosta, Aguilar, and Aguayo cases, the parties have
selected 20 plaintiffs and 2 alternates whose claims will be tried together, and
prior to the claims for the remaining plaintiffs in the Lawsuits. It is
anticipated that the 20 plaintiffs' claims will be tried in late 1999.
BetzDearborn denies any legal liability to plaintiffs, believes it has
substantial defenses, and intends to contest the claims vigorously. BetzDearborn
further believes that any claim for punitive damages is without any legitimate
basis in fact or law. The Lawsuits are captioned as follows: Acosta, et al. v.
Betz Laboratories, et al., No. BC 161 669 (1996); Adams, et al. v. Betz
Laboratories, et al., No. BC 113 000 (1994); Aguilar, et al. v. Betz
Laboratories, et al., No. BC 158 588 (1996); and Aguayo et al. v. Betz
Laboratories, et al., No. BC 123 749 (1995).
Although both BetzDearborn and PG&E are named as defendants in each of
the Lawsuits, not all plaintiffs seek damages from both defendants. PG&E
previously settled a lawsuit brought by many of the same individuals who are
plaintiffs in the Adams lawsuit; as a result, PG&E will have no additional
liability to those plaintiffs.
In October 1998, BetzDearborn and PG&E settled a fifth lawsuit relating
to alleged exposure to chromate-based products sold or allegedly sold by Betz
Laboratories, Inc. to PG&E for use in cooling towers at one or more of the PG&E
facilities. That lawsuit was captioned Riep, et al. v. Betz Laboratories, et
al., No. 984695 (San Francisco County, 1997). The amount of the settlement was
not material.
BetzDearborn maintained insurance coverage for the purpose of securing
protection against alleged product and other liabilities, and certain of the
insurance carriers have undertaken to pay the cost of the defense of the
Lawsuits subject to various reservations of rights. BetzDearborn will pursue all
available insurance coverage to fund any damages payable to plaintiffs in
connection with the Lawsuits (excluding any punitive damages to the extent not
recoverable under BetzDearborn's insurance policies).
While it is not feasible to predict the outcome of all pending suits
and claims, the ultimate resolution of these matters could have a material
effect upon the financial position of Hercules, and the resolution of any of the
matters during a specific period could have a material effect on the quarterly
or annual operating results for that period.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS:
No matter was submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth
quarter of 1998, through the solicitations of proxies or otherwise.
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PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS:
Hercules Incorporated common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange
(ticker symbol HPC), The Stock Exchange, London, and the Swiss Stock Exchanges.
It is also traded on the Philadelphia, Midwest, and Pacific Exchanges.
The approximate number of holders of record of common stock ($25/48 stated
value) as of February 24, 1999, was 19,039.
Period High Low
------ ---- ---
1997
First Quarter............................................... 47 7/8 41 1/2
Second Quarter.............................................. 49 3/16 37 3/4
Third Quarter............................................... 54 1/2 47 7/8
Fourth Quarter.............................................. 50 3/4 41 9/16
1998
First Quarter............................................... 51 3/8 45 3/16
Second Quarter.............................................. 50 1/2 40 1/2
Third Quarter............................................... 41 1/4 24 5/8
Fourth Quarter.............................................. 35 1/2 24 15/16
On December 31, 1998, the closing price of the common stock was 27 1/4.
The company has paid quarterly cash dividends as follows:
1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter
----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
1997 ................................. $0.25 $0.25 $0.25 $0.25
1998 ................................. $0.27 $0.27 $0.27 $0.27
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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA:
A summary of selected financial data for Hercules for the years and year
ends specified is set forth in the table below.
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOR THE YEAR 1998* 1997 1996 1995 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales $2,145 $1,866 $2,060 $2,427 $2,821
Profit from operations 192 228 441 363 419
Income before effect of change in
accounting principle 9 324 325 333 274
Net income 9 319 325 333 274
Dividends 104 98 95 95 89
Per share of common stock
Basic:
Earnings before effect of change in
accounting principle .10 3.27 3.10 2.98 2.32
Earnings .10 3.22 3.10 2.98 2.32
Diluted:
Earnings before effect of change in
accounting principle .10 3.18 2.98 2.87 2.23
Earnings .10 3.13 2.98 2.87 2.23
Dividends 1.08 1.00 .92 .84 .75
Total assets 5,833 2,411 2,386 2,493 2,941
Long-term debt 3,096 419 345 298 307
Company-obligated preferred securities of
subsidiary trust 200 -- -- -- --
* 1998 includes significant acquisitions (see Notes 1 and 21.)
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS:
This discussion should be read in connection with the information contained in
the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto.
ACQUISITIONS, DIVESTITURES, AND ONE-TIME ITEMS
In 1998, Hercules made five major acquisitions for an aggregate purchase price
of approximately $3,620 million, primarily in cash and assumed debt. (See Note
1.) These acquisitions were accounted for on the purchase method of accounting,
resulting in $2,531 million of goodwill and other intangible assets, and were
financed with borrowed funds. Total debt increased by $2,968 million in the same
period.
The combined annual revenue of the acquired businesses is approximately $1,600
million. The largest of these acquisitions was the purchase of BetzDearborn
Inc., a global specialty chemical company providing water and process treatment
to a variety of commercial and industrial processes. BetzDearborn reported 1997
revenue of approximately $1,295 million. This acquisition not only adds a new
franchise to Hercules' portfolio, it transforms Hercules' paper chemicals
business into a full service provider to the pulp and paper industry.
Additionally, the company acquired Houghton International's paper chemicals
group; Citrus Colloids, a pectin manufacturer; Alliance Technical Products, a
manufacturer of resins serving the water-based adhesives industry; and the 49%
share of FiberVisions owned by Hercules' joint venture partner, making it a
wholly owned subsidiary of Hercules.
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This business is the world's largest producer of thermal-bond fiber for
disposable diapers and other hygienic products.
The results of operations of the acquired businesses are included in the
consolidated financial statements from the dates of acquisition. In 1998, these
businesses added $363 million and $41 million of revenue and operating profit,
respectively, after amortization of goodwill and intangible assets of $19
million, reflected in selling, general and administrative expenses. Interest and
debt expense increased significantly as a result of the increased debt.
Primarily as a result of the acquisitions, Hercules incurred charges of $232
million before taxes ($197 million net of income taxes) in the fourth quarter of
1998; $215 million is reflected in Profit from operations and $17 million is
reflected in Other income (expense). The largest portion of these charges is
$130 million for purchased in-process research and development related to the
acquisition of BetzDearborn. (See Note 14.) The remainder of the charges relates
to the company's plans and actions to integrate the operations of BetzDearborn
and improve the efficiencies of its existing operations and support activities.
Charges include employee termination benefits, exit costs related to facility
closures, write-downs of property, plant and equipment, integration expenses,
and contract terminations. (See Notes 15 and 17.) These actions are anticipated
to yield synergies of at least $125 million before taxes on an annual basis;
approximately half of these are expected to be realized by the end of 1999 and
the remainder by the end of 2000. Additional integration expenses are expected
to be incurred during 1999. Other income (expense) in 1998 also includes a $62
million charge from the settlements of long-standing "whistle-blower" lawsuits
related to the divested Aerospace business. (See Note 22.)
Other operating expenses in 1997 included charges of $167 million for asset
rationalizations and impairments, termination benefits primarily associated with
reorganization of management and the adoption of new competitive strategies, and
other costs. (See Note 15.) Additionally, Other income (expense) in 1997
reflects the following items: a $20 million charge related to acquisition
activity; a $32 million charge for legal settlements; and a $368 million gain
from the monetization of Hercules' investment in Tastemaker. (See Note 17.)
Profit from operations in 1996 included $13 million of probable environmental
recoveries, a $2 million favorable settlement of an environmental remediation
claim, and a $3 million favorable adjustment to spare parts inventories.
Hercules divested or joint ventured several businesses in 1996 and 1997.
Revenues and operating profits related to these businesses were $84 million and
$9 million, respectively, in 1997 and $286 million and $25 million,
respectively, in 1996.
SEGMENT REPORTING
In 1998, Hercules adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No.
131, "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information." (See
Note 24.) In compliance with SFAS 131 and as a result of the acquisition of
BetzDearborn, the company has identified three reportable segments and has
restated prior years to conform with the 1998 presentation. The three segments
are: Process Chemicals and Services, comprised of Pulp and Paper, and
BetzDearborn; Functional Products, comprised of Aqualon and Food Gums; and
Chemical Specialties, comprised of Resins and FiberVisions. Accordingly, the
segment comparisons provided herein are on the basis prescribed by this
standard.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(All comparisons are with the previous year, unless otherwise stated.)
1998 vs. 1997:
Consolidated revenues increased $279 million or 15% as the increase in revenues
from acquisitions was partially offset by the effects of the economic crisis in
Southeast Asia, the strength of the U.S. dollar, and competitive pricing
pressures. Consolidated profit from operations declined $36 million or 16%.
However, after adjusting for the impact of the one-time items described in the
previous section, profit from operations increased $12 million or 3%, while
operating margins decreased from 21.2% in 1997 to 19.0% in 1998. These results
are due to the operating profit impact of the revenue variance noted above,
coupled with manufacturing cost improvement initiatives, partly offset by higher
selling, general, and administrative expenses.
Process Chemicals and Services segment revenues increased 62%, resulting from
acquisitions. Excluding acquisitions, revenues in this segment were negatively
impacted by competitive pricing pressures, the impact of
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the economic crisis in Southeast Asia, and the weakness of foreign currencies
relative to the dollar. Profit from operations increased 31% as the favorable
impact of acquisitions was partly offset by the adverse revenue impacts
described above, higher raw material costs used in the production of wet
strength products in Europe, and higher selling, general, and administrative
expenses.
Functional Products segment revenues declined 4% on lower volumes, particularly
in Asia and Eastern Europe, and also the U.S. oilfield markets, along with the
negative impact of weaker foreign currencies relative to the dollar, partly
offset by acquired revenues and improved pectin pricing. Profit from operations
declined 4%. This was the result of improved manufacturing costs and pectin
pricing mitigating the volume declines and the negative impact of the weaker
foreign currencies noted above.
Chemical Specialties segment revenues increased 8% as the additional revenues
from acquisitions were partly offset by lower pricing across the major Resins
product lines both in the U.S. and in Europe. Profit from operations rose 12% as
the profit from acquisitions was partly offset by the pricing declines in
Resins.
1997 VS. 1996:
Consolidated revenues declined $194 million or 9%, primarily due to
divestitures, partly offset by generally higher volumes. Weaker foreign
currencies impacted consolidated sales $88 million, or 4%. Profit from
operations declined $213 million or 48%. Excluding divestitures and one-time
items described in the previous section, profit from operations decreased $12
million or 3%, on a comparable basis. Higher volumes and manufacturing cost
improvements were offset by weaker foreign currencies, which negatively impacted
consolidated profit from operations $19 million or 5%.
Process Chemicals and Services revenues decreased 2% as higher volume from
increased market share of wet strength products in Europe and in alkaline size
associated with stronger industry-wide operating rates were essentially offset
by regional competitive pricing pressure across all major product lines and
weaker foreign currencies relative to the dollar. Profit from operations
declined 7% primarily due to the effects of lower pricing, higher selling,
general, and administrative expense spending, along with the negative effect of
the weaker foreign currencies relative to the dollar. These negative impacts
were only partly offset by lower raw material costs in the production of
alkaline size and wet strength products and the beneficial impact of continuing
manufacturing cost improvement initiatives.
Functional Products revenues declined $26 million or 3% primarily due to the
divestiture of a business unit, generally softer pricing, and weaker foreign
currencies relative to the dollar. These declines were partly offset by higher
water-soluble polymers and food gums volumes in various applications. Profit
from operations increased $4 million or 2% as a result of the volume improvement
described above, along with manufacturing cost improvement initiatives partly
offset by the divested business.
Chemical Specialties revenues declined 17% primarily due to the formation of the
FiberVisions joint venture in June 1997, the divestiture of a business unit, and
weaker foreign currencies relative to the dollar, partly offset by Resins volume
improvements. Profit from operations decreased 29% primarily due to the
divestitures, higher manufacturing costs at several Resins plants resulting from
the introduction of new processes and operability issues, and the effect of the
weaker foreign currencies relative to the dollar.
Equity in income of affiliated companies declined in 1998 and in 1997 as a
result of the monetization of Hercules' investment in Alliant Techsystems in
1997 and 1998 and the monetization of Hercules' investment in Tastemaker in
1997. (See Note 21.)
The provision for income taxes reflects effective tax rates of 88% in 1998, 45%
in 1997 and 33% in 1996. Both the 1998 and 1997 rates are significantly higher
than the federal statutory income tax rate of 35%. The 1998 rate is high because
the charges for purchased in-process research and development and goodwill
amortization are not deductible for income tax purposes. The impact of these
nondeductible items was reduced by favorable state tax settlements relating to a
prior year's sale of an investment and favorable federal tax adjustments related
to prior years' assessments. The 1997 rate reflects the relatively higher tax
rate on the monetization of the Tastemaker and Alliant Techsystems investments,
along with required increases to tax reserves related to anticipated assessments
from federal, state, and foreign authorities. The 1996 rate was favorably
affected by tax loss carryforwards. The 1999 tax rate is anticipated to be
approximately 40%, reflecting the effects of the nondeductible goodwill.
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FINANCIAL CONDITION
Liquidity and financial resources: Net cash flow from operations was $181
million in 1998, $187 million in 1997, and $225 million in 1996. 1998 included
higher interest payments related to increased debt and higher payments of legal
settlements, offset by lower income tax payments and cash flow from acquired
businesses. 1997 decreased primarily from lower trade payables, severance
payments, and higher legal and environmental spending, partially offset by lower
tax payments.
As noted above, during 1998, the company completed five acquisitions for
approximately $3.62 billion, primarily in cash and assumed debt. The company
financed the acquisitions and refinanced existing debt with borrowings under a
$3.65 billion credit facility with a syndicate of banks. Borrowings consisted of
three tranches of varying maturity term loans totaling $2.75 billion due in
various amounts through December 2003. The facility bears interest at London
Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus 2% and may decrease to LIBOR plus .75% after
six months if a $500 million term-loan tranche has been repaid. The credit
facility includes a $900 million revolving credit agreement. The company's debt
agreement contains restrictive covenants that require maintenance of certain
financial covenants, including leverage, net worth, and interest coverage, and
provides that the entry of a judgment or judgments involving aggregate
liabilities of $50 million or more be vacated, discharged, stayed, or bonded
within 60 days of entry of such judgment or judgments.
In September 1998, the company filed a shelf registration to increase accessible
securities from $300 million to $3.0 billion. The registration allows for
issuance of equity, equity-like, and debt securities. In November 1998, a wholly
owned subsidiary of the company completed a private placement of units
consisting of $200 million in Trust-preferred securities and a forward
underwriting contract to purchase Hercules common stock. The Trust's obligation
is guaranteed by the company. (See Note 7.) The securities are expected to be
remarketed within 12 months of their issuance. Under certain circumstances,
Hercules may be required to redeem these securities. In addition, Hercules has
agreed to sell $200 million of Hercules common stock following the successful
remarketing or redemption of the securities.
In March 1999, another wholly owned subsidiary trust of the company commenced a
public offering, under the registration statement noted above, to sell $250
million of Trust Originated Preferred Securities. As an update to the foregoing,
the offering was over-subscribed and the Trust sold an aggregate of $362 million
of Trust Originated Preferred Securities on March 17, 1999. Proceeds of the
offering were used to repay long-term debt. The Trust's obligations will be
guaranteed by the company.
Issuance of Hercules common stock and the Trust Originated Preferred Securities,
in the updated amount, reduced the amount accessible under the shelf
registration to $2.438 billion. Hercules anticipates issuing additional
equity-like securities to repay long-term debt during 1999.
As of December 31, 1998, the company has $612 million available under the
revolving credit agreement and $219 million of short-term lines of credit.
Capital Structure and Commitments: Total capitalization (stockholders' equity,
trust-preferred securities, and debt) increased to $4.4 billion at December 31,
1998, from $1.4 billion in the prior year. The debt-to-total capitalization
ratio increased to 83% at year-end 1998 from 50% at year-end 1997 and 43% at the
end of 1996. The significant increase in the ratio in 1998 is from debt
financing of acquisitions. The increase in 1997 is from lower stockholders'
equity as a result of the company's stock repurchase program combined with an
increase in total debt. Over the next several years, management plans to reduce
the company's debt-to-total capitalization ratio to pre-acquisition levels. The
company has maintained investment grade rating on outstanding debt.
A quarterly dividend has been paid without interruption since 1913, the
company's first year of operation. The annual dividend of $1.08 per share during
1998 represents a total pay out for the year of $104 million. This reflects an
8% increase announced in December 1997 and payable March 25, 1998, to
shareholders of record on March 6, 1998.
Capital expenditures during 1998 were $157 million, with 27% of the expenditures
related to increased production capacity, compared with 38% in 1997 and 29% in
1996. The remainder mostly relates to cost-savings projects, capacity
maintenance, and regulatory requirements. The increase in 1998 capital
expenditures of approximately $38 million over 1997 and 1996 is primarily from
companies acquired in 1998 and higher spending in the Functional Products
segment. Capital expenditures are expected to approximate $240 million during
1999. This
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includes funds for continuing or completing existing projects and new expansion
projects, including the methylcellulose expansion in Doel, Belgium, and the
pectin expansion in Grossenbrode, Germany.
YEAR 2000
Readiness
The company has recognized the need to ensure that its operations and
relationships with its business partners will not be adversely affected by the
Year 2000 problem, and thus has developed and implemented a comprehensive
project that addresses those areas of vulnerability. A cross-functional Year
2000 Program Office has been created by the company at the corporate level to
coordinate and provide policies, guidance, and support for its Year 2000
initiatives. Site compliance teams have been formed at all major sites
worldwide.
The areas addressed by the Program Office include:
-- Corporate and plant computer systems
-- Desktop and telecommunications systems
-- Safety, environmental and quality systems
-- Process control systems and plant floor equipment and devices with
embedded chips
-- Equipment manufactured by or for the BetzDearborn Division and sold
to customers
-- Business partner and supply chain risk management
A risk management plan has been developed for Hercules' business partners,
including suppliers, shippers, financial institutions and service providers
involving direct communications to them and feedback analysis to assess their
Year 2000 readiness as it relates to their potential impact on Hercules'
business. Contingency plans are being developed in those cases where the company
appears to be at risk.
The company is engaged in a major project to implement SAP R/3(TM) software. All
vendor supplied SAP code is Year 2000 compliant. The resulting systems comprise
the company's core business systems, including sales and distribution, inventory
and purchasing, finance and control, product costing, human resources and
payroll, and fixed assets. Other internally developed programs are still in the
process of being tested for Year 2000 compliance. The system is in the process
of being rolled out in North America and Europe. The most critical applications
are either already operational or will be in early 1999. Overall, the project is
on schedule to be completed by third quarter 1999.
In other regions of the world, only minor changes are required to make the core
business systems Year 2000 compliant. The recently acquired BetzDearborn
Division is also in the process of implementing SAP R/3(TM) software and is on
schedule to complete its program in the second quarter of 1999 in North America.
BetzDearborn's Information Technology (IT) systems in other regions are or will
be Year 2000 compliant by second quarter 1999.
For all plants and departments, inventories have been taken of equipment that
may have an embedded chip. Assessments of the compliance status and potential
impact on company operations and remediation plans are being completed.
Additionally, suppliers of raw materials and other critical services have been
identified. Questionnaires requesting Year 2000 status have been sent to all
major identified suppliers. Identification of the most critical suppliers is in
progress and, where necessary, additional research is being conducted.
Contingency plans are being developed or alternate suppliers identified in those
cases where the company appears at risk.
The BetzDearborn Division sells chemical feed equipment installed at customer
sites. Earlier versions of this equipment were not Year 2000 compliant. A kit to
make this equipment Year 2000 compliant has been designed and tested. Affected
equipment will be updated through both regular and Year 2000 specific service
visits of the field technicians.
It is also possible that some customers may be unable to place orders or conduct
business due to their potential inability to cope with the Year 2000. Due to the
broad dispersion of sales among Hercules' customer base, there are currently no
plans to conduct any customer readiness assessments.
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Costs
The primary strategy for achieving Year 2000 compliance is the replacement of
the core business systems through the installation of SAP R/3(TM) software. For
non-IT systems, operational staff conducted departmental inventories under the
direction of an outside consulting firm. The company is in the process of
identifying the costs associated with any necessary process control equipment
upgrades or replacements. The company has also engaged outside consultants
specializing in Year 2000 readiness programs to provide support to the program
office in the final stages of Year 2000 readiness and compliance.
The total cost of the Year 2000 project is currently estimated to be
approximately $8 million and approximately 45% has been spent to date. This cost
estimate does not include the cost to upgrade or replace process control
equipment. These costs are expensed as incurred and are being funded through
operating cash flow. The cost of implementing the SAP R/3(TM) replacement system
is not included in the Year 2000 project cost estimate.
Risks and Contingency Plans
Failure to complete implementation of the SAP system by the end of 1999 would
represent the worst case Year 2000 scenario for Hercules. At the present time,
the company believes that the implementation efforts will be completed as
scheduled so that the risks of material adverse consequences to the company's
results of operations, liquidity, or financial condition, as a result of its
Year 2000 readiness, should be reduced. Some of Hercules' production facilities
are similar in nature and products could be manufactured and shipped from
alternate locations. At these locations, there are feasible manual procedures
that can be implemented in the case of a Year 2000 related failure. For cases
where product cannot be made in multiple locations or where manual procedures
are not feasible, appropriate contingency plans are being developed and are
targeted for completion in the third quarter of 1999.
The company believes that it is unlikely to experience a material adverse effect
to its business, results of operations, liquidity, or financial condition as a
result of Year 2000 related failures.
Forward-looking Statements
The foregoing Year 2000 discussion includes forward-looking statements of the
company's efforts and management's expectations relating to Year 2000 readiness.
The company's ability to achieve Year 2000 compliance and the level of
incremental costs associated therewith could be adversely affected by, among
other things, the availability and cost of remediation and testing resources,
vendors' and customers' abilities to install or modify IT and non-IT systems and
unanticipated problems identified in the ongoing Year 2000 readiness review.
The costs of the Year 2000 project and the dates by which the company plans to
complete the Year 2000 modifications are based on management's best estimates,
which were derived utilizing numerous assumptions of future events including the
continued availability of certain resources, third parties' remediation plans
and other factors. However, there can be no guarantee that these estimates will
be achieved and actual results could differ materially. Specific factors that
might cause such material differences include, but are not limited to, the
availability and cost of personnel trained to perform Year 2000 modifications;
the ability of the company to locate and correct all non-compliant computer
codes and embedded controls; the ability of material customers, suppliers, and
trading partners to successfully complete their own Year 2000 remediation
projects; the accuracy of information received from third parties concerning the
Year 2000 compliance of their information systems or automated equipment or
concerning their Year 2000 business risk assessments; and similar uncertainties.
CONVERSION TO THE EURO CURRENCY
On January 1, 1999, the Euro was adopted as the common legal currency, in
coexistence with the national currencies for 11 European Union member nations
until January 1, 2002. Hercules started its preparations in early 1997 with
internal Euro awareness training and the formation of a multifunctional project
team. Since then the company's Euro team has developed and implemented a
strategic action plan that positioned the company for the Euro by mid-1998.
This plan consisted of a project portfolio that was implemented in the second
half of 1998. The company has made the necessary adjustments to its IT systems
to ensure compliance of all business transactional Euro requirements and is
preparing its IT systems for the withdrawal of the national currencies by
January 1, 2002, after which the
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Euro becomes the sole legal currency for the 11 member states. The company will
be prepared for any European Union nation that enters the Euro.
The company has communicated its strategy to deal in Euro with its business
partners in Euro-participating countries, and it will continuously reconcile its
strategy with its business partners to maintain the competitive position of the
company. The company has trained its employees and ensures compliance with all
legal and tax implications of the Euro. The company does not expect major
differences in its exchange rate and interest rate risk from the Euro.
The company does not expect the Euro adoption to have a material adverse impact
on its financial condition or results of operations.
RISK FACTORS
Market Risk - Fluctuations in interest and foreign currency exchange rates
affect the company's financial position and results of operations. The company
uses several strategies to actively hedge interest rate and foreign currency
exposure and minimize the effect of such fluctuations on reported earnings and
cash flow. (See "Foreign Currency Translation" and "Financial Instruments and
Hedging" in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Notes 17 and 20.)
Sensitivity of the company's financial instruments to selected changes in market
rates and prices, which are reasonably possible over a one-year period, are
described below. Market values are the present value of projected future cash
flows based on the market rates and prices chosen. The market values for
interest rate risk are calculated by the company utilizing a third-party
software model that utilizes standard pricing models to determine the present
value of the instruments based on the market conditions as of the valuation
date.
The company's derivative and other financial instruments subject to interest
rate risk consist of debt instruments, interest rate swaps, and currency swaps.
In addition, at December 31, 1997, the company held a five-year $500 million
note received as a result of the Tastemaker transaction, which it sold during
1998. At December 31, 1998 and 1997, net market value of these combined
instruments was a liability of $3.66 billion and $239 million, respectively. The
increase is primarily the result of acquisition debt incurred during 1998. The
sensitivity analysis assumes an instantaneous 100-basis point move in interest
rates from their levels, with all other variables held constant. A 100-basis
point increase in interest rates at December 31, 1998 and 1997 would result in a
$36 million and $24 million decrease in the net market value of the liability,
respectively. A 100-basis point decrease in interest rates at December 31, 1998
and 1997 would result in a $45 million and $33 million increase in the net
market value of the liability, respectively.
The market value of the company's portfolio of financial instruments subject to
equity price risk at December 31, 1998 and 1997, was an asset of $22 million and
$51 million, respectively. The sensitivity analysis assumes an instantaneous 10%
change in valuation with all other variables held constant. A 10% change at
December 31, 1998 and 1997, would increase or decrease the asset position by $2
million and $5 million, respectively.
The company's financial instruments subject to foreign currency exchange risk
consist of foreign currency forwards and options and represent a net asset
position of $6 million and $2 million at December 31, 1998 and 1997,
respectively. The sensitivity analysis assumes an instantaneous 10% change in
foreign currency exchange rates from year-end levels, with all other variables
held constant. At December 31, 1998 and 1997, a 10% strengthening of the U.S.
dollar versus other currencies would result in an increase in the net asset
position of $63 million and $14 million, respectively, while a 10% weakening of
the dollar versus all other currencies would result in a decrease of $78 million
and $18 million, respectively.
Foreign exchange forward and option contracts are used to hedge the company's
firm and anticipated foreign currency cash flows. Thus, there is either an asset
or cash flow exposure related to all the financial instruments in the above
sensitivity analysis for which the impact of a movement in exchange rates would
be in the opposite direction and substantially equal to the impact on the
instruments in the analysis. There are presently no significant restrictions on
the remittance of funds generated by the company's operations outside the United
States.
Environmental - Hercules has been identified by U.S. federal and state
authorities as a potentially responsible party for environmental cleanup at
numerous sites. The estimated range of reasonably possible costs for
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remediation is between $63 million and $199 million. The company does not
anticipate that its financial condition will be materially affected by
environmental remediation costs in excess of amounts accrued, although quarterly
or annual operating results could be materially affected. (See Note 22.)
Environmental remediation expenses are funded from internal sources of cash.
Such expenses are not expected to have a significant effect on the company's
ongoing liquidity. Environmental cleanup costs, including capital expenditures
for ongoing operations, are a normal, recurring part of operations and are not
significant in relation to total operating costs or cash flows.
Litigation - Hercules is a defendant in numerous lawsuits that arise out of, and
are incidental to, the conduct of its business. These suits concern issues such
as product liability, contract disputes, labor-related matters, patent
infringement, environmental proceedings, property damage, and personal injury
matters. While it is not feasible to predict the outcome of all pending suits
and claims, the ultimate resolution of these matters could have a material
effect upon the financial position of Hercules, and the resolution of any of the
matters during a specific period could have a material effect on the quarterly
or annual operating results for that period. (See Note 22.)
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENT
This annual report includes forward-looking statements, as defined in the
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, reflecting management's
current analysis and expectations, based on reasonable assumptions. Results
could differ materially depending on such factors as business climate, economic
and competitive uncertainties, higher manufacturing costs, reduced level of
customer orders, ability to integrate BetzDearborn, changes in strategies, risks
in developing new products and technologies, the ability of Hercules' customers
and suppliers to achieve Year 2000 readiness, environmental and safety
regulations and clean-up costs, foreign exchange rates, adverse legal and
regulatory developments, and adverse changes in economic and political climates
around the world. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the company will
meet analysts' earnings estimates. As appropriate, additional factors are
contained in reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. This
paragraph is included to provide safe harbor for forward-looking statements,
which are not required to be publicly revised as circumstances change.
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ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK:
For discussion of quantitative and qualitative disclosures about
market risk, see the caption "Risk Factors" under Item 7, Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA:
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND
REQUIRED SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
HERCULES INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Page
Report of Independent Accountants................................................................ 20
Consolidated Statement of Income for the Years Ended December 31, 1998, 1997, and
1996.......................................................................................... 21
Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 1998 and 1997...................................... 22
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow for the Years Ended December 31, 1998, 1997, and
1996.......................................................................................... 23
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 1998,
1997, and 1996................................................................................ 24
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31,
1998, 1997, and 1996.......................................................................... 25
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements....................................................... 26-50
SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Summary of Quarterly Results (Unaudited)......................................................... 51
Subsidiaries of Registrant....................................................................... 52
19
20
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of
Hercules Incorporated
Wilmington, Delaware
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related
consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity
and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position
of Hercules Incorporated and subsidiary companies at December 31, 1998 and 1997,
and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 1998, in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles. In addition, in our opinion, the financial
statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 14(a)(2) on page
54 presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein
when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements.
These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the
responsibility of the company's management; our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on
our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with
generally accepted auditing standards that require that we plan and perform the
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are
free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements,
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We
believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for the opinion expressed
above.
As discussed in Note 23 to the financial statements, in 1997, the company
changed its method of accounting for costs incurred in connection with its
enterprise software installation.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
February 19, 1999
20
21
HERCULES INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME (Dollar in millions, except per share)
Year ended December 31,
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
Net sales $2,145 $1,866 $ 2,060
------ ------ -------
Cost of sales 1,287 1,169 1,320
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 399 251 262
Research and development 61 53 56
Purchased in-process research and development (Note 14) 130 -- --
Other operating expenses (income), net (Note 15) 76 165 (19)
------ ------ -------
Profit from operations 192 228 441
Equity in income of affiliated companies 10 30 53
Interest and debt expense (Note 16) 103 39 35
Other income (expense), net (Note 17) (22) 374 26
------ ------ -------
Income before income taxes and effect of change in accounting principle 77 593 485
Provision for income taxes (Note 18) 68 269 160
------ ------ -------
Income before effect of change in accounting principle 9 324 325
Effect of change in accounting principle (Note 23) -- (5) --
------ ------ -------
Net income $ 9 $ 319 $ 325
====== ====== =======
Earnings per share (Note 19)
Basic:
Earnings before effect of change in accounting principle $.10 $3.27 $3.10
Effect of change in accounting principle -- (.05) --
------ ------ -------
Earnings per share $.10 $3.22 $3.10
====== ====== =======
Diluted:
Earnings before effect of change in accounting principle $.10 $3.18 $2.98
Effect of change in accounting principle -- (.05) --
------ ------ -------
Earnings per share $.10 $3.13 $2.98
====== ====== =======
The accompanying accounting policies and notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
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HERCULES INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (Dollar in millions)
December 31,
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997
---- ----
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents $ 68 $ 17
Accounts receivable, net (Note 2) 663 389
Inventories (Note 3) 416 234
Deferred income taxes (Note 18) 93 49
------ ------
Total current assets 1,240 689
Property, plant, and equipment, net (Note 12) 1,438 687
Investments (Note 4) 51 615
Goodwill (net of accumulated amortization - 1998, $28; 1997, $12) 2,356 41
Other intangible assets (net of accumulated amortization - 1998, $22; 1997, $15) 192 3
Prepaid pension (Note 13) 218 216
Deferred charges and other assets 338 160
------ ------
Total assets $5,833 $2,411
====== ======
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities
Accounts payable $ 270 $ 116
Short-term debt (Note 5) 566 275
Accrued expenses (Note 12) 481 408
------ ------
Total current liabilities 1,317 799
Long-term debt (Note 6) 3,096 419
Deferred income taxes (Note 18) 225 160
Other postretirement benefits (Note 13) 136 139
Deferred credits and other liabilities 300 204
------ ------
Total liabilities 5,074 1,721
Company-obligated preferred securities of subsidiary trust (Note 7) 200 --
Stockholders' equity
Series preferred stock (Note 8) -- --
Common stock, $25/48 par value (Note 9) 81 80
(shares issued: 1998 - 154,823,496; 1997 - 154,357,015)
Additional paid-in capital 504 504
Unearned compensation (Note 10) (130) --
Foreign currency translation adjustment (13) (2)
Retained earnings 2,068 2,163
------ ------
2,510 2,745
Reacquired stock, at cost (shares: 1998 - 53,995,692; 1997 - 58,289,376) 1,951 2,055
------ ------
Total stockholders' equity 559 690
------ ------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $5,833 $2,411
====== ======
The accompanying accounting policies and notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
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23
HERCULES INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW
(Dollar in millions)
Year Ended December 31,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
1998 1997 1996
CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net Income $ 9 $319 $325
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from
operations:
Depreciation 86 73 106
Amortization 22 3 2
Write-off in-process research and development 130 -- --
Nonoperating gain on disposals (23) (398) (22)
Noncash charges (credits) 38 92 (26)
Other (6) 15 5
Accruals and deferrals of cash receipts and payments:
Affiliates' earnings in excess of dividends received (6) (25) (25)
Accounts receivable 26 (41) 6
Inventories (14) (6) (17)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (72) 137 (83)
Noncurrent assets and liabilities (9) 18 (46)
------- ------ -----
Net cash provided by operations 181 187 225
------- ------ -----
CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Capital expenditures (157) (119) (120)
Proceeds of investment and fixed asset disposals 600 295 196
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired (3,109) -- --
Other (25) (34) (6)
------- ------ -----
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities (2,691) 142 70
------- ------ -----
CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Long-term debt proceeds 3,111 343 75
Long-term debt repayments (247) (130) (27)
Change in short-term debt (228) (35) 112
Payment of debt issuance costs and underwriting fees (66) -- --
Proceeds from trust preferred securities 200 -- --
Common stock issued 10 38 15
Common stock reacquired (114) (458) (417)
Dividends paid (104) (98) (95)
------- ------ -----
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 2,562 (340) (337)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash (1) (2) (1)
------- ------ -----
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 51 (13) (43)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 17 30 73
------- ------ -----
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 68 $ 17 $ 30
======= ====== =====
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the year for:
Interest (net of amount capitalized) $ 100 $ 37 $ 30
Income taxes paid, net 117 152 190
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Conversion of notes and debentures 8 31 1
ESOP and incentive plan stock issuances 196 15 14
Accounts payable for common stock acquisitions -- 5 8
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates -- -- 1
Investment in long-term notes -- 504 --
Accounts receivable from sale of investment/asset disposals -- 8 9
Assumed debt of acquired businesses 307 -- --
The accompanying accounting policies and notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
23
24
HERCULES INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Dollars in millions)
Unearned
Common Paid-in Compen- Translation Retained Reacquired
Stock Capital sation Adjustment Earnings Stock
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at January 1, 1996 $79 $472 $-- $ 75 $1,712 $1,256
(Common shares: issued 151,663,465;
reacquired, 43,176,841)
Net income -- -- -- -- 325 --
Cash dividends, $.92 per common share -- -- -- -- (95) --
Foreign currency translation adjustment -- -- -- (30) -- --
Purchase of common stock, 7,970,784 shares -- -- -- -- -- 425
Issuance of common stock:
Incentive plans, net, 844,751 shares
including 281,063 from reacquired stock -- 20 -- -- -- (9)
Conversion of notes and debentures,
41,923 shares -- 1 -- -- -- --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1996 $79 $493 $ -- $ 45 $1,942 $1,672
(Common shares: issued 152,269,076;
reacquired, 50,866,562)
Net income -- -- -- -- 319 --
Cash dividends, $1.00 per common share -- -- -- -- (98) --
Foreign currency translation adjustment -- -- -- (47) -- --
Purchase of common stock, 9,536,619 shares -- -- -- -- -- 455
Issuance of common stock:
Incentive plans, net, 2,113,805 shares
from reacquired stock -- (19) -- -- -- (72)
Conversion of notes and debentures,
2,087,939 shares 1 30 -- -- -- --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1997 $80 $504 $ -- $ (2) $2,163 $2,055
(Common shares: issued 154,357,015;
reacquired, 58,289,376)
Net income -- -- -- -- 9 --
Cash dividends, $1.08 per common share -- -- -- -- (104) --
Foreign currency translation adjustment -- -- -- (11) -- --
Purchase of common stock, 2,361,390 shares -- -- -- -- -- 109
Issuance of common stock:
Incentive plans, net, 764,201 shares
from reacquired stock -- (7) -- -- -- (27)
ESOP, 5,890,873 shares from reacquired
stock -- -- (130) -- -- (186)
Conversion of notes and debentures,
466,481 shares 1 7 -- -- -- --
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balances at December 31, 1998 $81 $504 $(130) $(13) $2,068 $1,951
(Common shares: issued 154,823,496;
reacquired, 53,995,692)
The accompanying accounting policies and notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
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25
HERCULES INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Dollars in millions)
Year Ended December 31,
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
Net Income $ 9 $319 $325
Foreign currency translation, net of tax (11) (47) (30)
---- ---- ----
Comprehensive income (loss) $ (2) $272 $295
===== ==== ====
The accompanying accounting policies and notes are an integral part of the
consolidated financial statements.
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HERCULES INCORPORATED
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Hercules
Incorporated and all majority-owned subsidiaries. Following the acquisition of
BetzDearborn, the company continued BetzDearborn's practice of using a November
30 fiscal year-end for all former BetzDearborn non-U.S. subsidiaries, excluding
Canada, to expedite the year-end closing process. Investments in affiliated
companies with a 20% or greater ownership interest are accounted for on an
equity basis and, accordingly, consolidated income includes Hercules' share of
their income.
USE OF ESTIMATES
Preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes.
Actual results could differ from those estimates.
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPENDITURES
Environmental expenditures that pertain to current operations or future revenues
are expensed or capitalized according to the company's capitalization policy.
Expenditures for remediation of an existing condition caused by past operations
that do not contribute to current or future revenues are expensed. Liabilities
are recognized for remedial activities when the cleanup is probable and the cost
can be reasonably estimated.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash in excess of operating requirements is invested in short-term,
income-producing instruments. Cash equivalents include commercial paper and
other securities with original maturities of 90 days or less. Book value
approximates fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments.
INVENTORIES
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Domestic inventories are
valued predominantly on the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. Foreign and
certain domestic inventories, which in the aggregate represent 67% of total
inventories at December 31, 1998, are valued principally on the average-cost
method.
PROPERTY AND DEPRECIATION
Property, plant, and equipment are stated at cost. The company changed to the
straight-line method of depreciation, effective January 1, 1991, for newly
acquired processing facilities and equipment. Assets acquired before then
continue to be depreciated by accelerated methods. The company believes
straight-line depreciation provides a better matching of costs and revenues over
the lives of the assets. The estimated useful lives of depreciable assets are as
follows: buildings - 30 years; plant, machinery and equipment - 15 years; other
machinery and equipment - 3 to 15 years.
Maintenance, repairs, and minor renewals are charged to income; major renewals
and betterments are capitalized. Upon normal retirement or replacement, the cost
of property (less proceeds of sale or salvage) is charged to income.
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill and Other intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over
the estimated future periods to be benefited, generally 40 years for goodwill
and 5 to 15 years for other intangible assets.
LONG-LIVED ASSETS
The company reviews its long-lived assets, including goodwill and other
intangibles, for impairment on an exception basis whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate carrying amounts of the assets may not be recoverable
through future cash flows. If an impairment loss has occurred based on expected
future cash flows (undiscounted), the loss is recognized in the income
statement. The amount of the impairment loss is the excess of the carrying
amount of the impaired asset over the fair value of the asset. The fair value
represents expected future cash flows from the use of the assets, discounted at
the rate used to evaluate potential investments.
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FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
With the exception of operations in countries with highly inflationary
economies, the financial statements of Hercules' non-U.S. entities are
translated into U.S. dollars using current rates of exchange, with gains or
losses included in the foreign currency translation adjustment account in the
stockholders' equity section of the balance sheet. The related allocation for
income taxes is not significant. For operations in countries with highly
inflationary economies, financial statements are translated at either current or
historical exchange rates, as appropriate. These adjustments, along with gains
and losses on currency transactions (denominated in currencies other than local
currency), are reflected in net income.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING
Derivative financial instruments are used to hedge risk caused by fluctuating
currency and interest rates. The company enters into forward-exchange contracts
and currency swaps to hedge foreign currency exposure. Decisions regarding
hedging are made on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration the amount
and duration of the exposure, market volatility, and economic trends. The
company uses the fair-value method of accounting, recording realized and
unrealized gains and losses on these contracts quarterly. They are included in
other income (expense), net, except for gains and losses on contracts to hedge
specific foreign currency commitments, which are deferred and accounted for as
part of the transaction. Gains or losses on contracts used to hedge the value of
investments in certain non-U.S. subsidiaries are accounted for under the
deferral method and are included in the foreign currency translation adjustment
account. It is the company's policy to match the term of financial instruments
with the term of the underlying designated item. If the designated item is an
anticipated transaction no longer likely to occur, gains or losses from the
instrument designated as a hedge are recognized in current period earnings. The
company does not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. In
the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow, the company reports the cash flows
resulting from its hedging activities in the same category as the related item
that is being hedged. Net investment hedges, requiring cash receipts or payments
from borrowed foreign currencies not identified with any specific cash flows,
are classified as financing activities.
The company uses interest rate swap agreements to manage interest costs and
risks associated with changing rates. The differential to be paid or received is
accrued as interest rates change and is recognized in interest expense over the
life of the agreements. Counterparties to the forward exchange, currency swap,
and interest rate swap contracts are major financial institutions. Credit loss
from counterparty nonperformance is not anticipated.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Compensation costs attributable to stock option and similar plans are recognized
based on any difference between the quoted market price of the stock on the date
of grant over the amount the employee is required to pay to acquire the stock
(the intrinsic-value method under Accounting Principles Board [APB] Opinion 25).
Such amount, if any, is accrued over the related vesting period, as appropriate.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 123, "Accounting for
Stock-Based Compensation," requires companies electing to continue to use the
intrinsic-value method to make pro forma disclosures of net income and earnings
per share as if the fair-value-based method of accounting had been applied.
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
Effective January 1, 1998, the company adopted SFAS, No. 130, "Reporting
Comprehensive Income." SFAS 130 establishes standards for reporting and display
of comprehensive income and its components in financial statements. This
statement requires all items that are required to be recognized under accounting
standards as components of comprehensive income be reported in the financial
statements and displayed with the same prominence as other financial statements.
In 1998, the company adopted SFAS 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information." (See Note 24).
PENDING ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement No. 133,
"Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." SFAS 133 is
effective for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 1999. SFAS 133 requires that
all derivative instruments be recorded on the balance sheet at their fair value.
Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recorded each period in current
earnings or other comprehensive income, depending on whether a derivative is
designated as part of a hedge transaction. For fair-value hedge transactions in
which the company is hedging changes in the fair value of an asset, liability,
or firm commitment, changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument will
generally be offset in the income statement by changes in the hedged item's fair
value. For cash-flow hedge transactions, in which the company is hedging the
variability of cash flows related to a variable-rate asset, liability, or a
forecasted transaction, changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument
27
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will be reported in other comprehensive income. Gains and losses on the
derivative instrument that are reported in other comprehensive income will be
reclassified as earnings in periods in which earnings are impacted by the
variability of the cash flows of the hedged item. The ineffective portion of all
hedges will be recognized in current-period earnings.
In March 1998, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants issued
Statement of Position 98-1, "Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software
Developed or Obtained for Internal Use" (SOP 98-1). SOP 98-1 provides guidance
on the capitalization and amortization of costs of computer software developed
or obtained for internal use, and is effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 1998. The company is currently capitalizing the design and
implementation costs of its ongoing enterprise-wide software installation
program.
The company is currently evaluating the impact that these statements will have
on its results of operations or financial position.
RECLASSIFICATIONS
Certain amounts in the 1997 and 1996 consolidated financial statements and notes
have been reclassified to conform to the 1998 presentation.
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HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. ACQUISITIONS
All acquisitions have been accounted for under the purchase method. The results
of operations of the acquired businesses are included in the consolidated
financial statements from the dates of acquisition.
BetzDearborn - On October 15, 1998, the company acquired all of the outstanding
shares of BetzDearborn Inc., a global specialty chemical company engaged in the
treatment of water and industrial process systems, for $2,235 million in cash
and $186 million in common stock exchanged for the shares held by the
BetzDearborn ESOP Trust. In addition, the company assumed debt with a fair value
of $117 million and repaid $557 million of other long-term debt held by
BetzDearborn. This acquisition was financed with borrowings under a $3,650
million credit facility with a syndicate of banks. (See Note 6.)
The purchase price was allocated to the estimated fair value of net assets
acquired, with the excess of $2,074 million recorded as goodwill, which is being
amortized over its estimated useful life of 40 years. Additionally, based on an
independent appraisal, approximately $130 million of the purchase price was
allocated to purchased in-process research and development and was charged to
expense at the date of acquisition. (See Note 14.)
As of the acquisition date, the company began to formulate plans to combine the
operations of BetzDearborn and Hercules. It formed a program office, engaged
outside consultants and established several functional integration teams to
formulate and implement the plan and capture anticipated synergies. At December
31, 1998, the company had identified and approved various actions such as
personnel reductions, consolidation of operations and support functions, closure
of redundant or inefficient offices and facilities, and relocation of former
BetzDearborn employees. Accordingly, the company has included a $94 million
liability as part of the purchase price allocation. The liability includes
approximately $78 million related to employee termination benefits for
approximately 850 BetzDearborn manufacturing, technical, sales and marketing,
administrative and support personnel worldwide. Also included is $16 million for
office and facility closures, relocation of BetzDearborn employees and other
related exit costs. Through December 31, 1998, the company paid $5 million of
termination benefits for approximately 130 redundancies, and the remaining
liability is $89 million.
The purchase price allocation for BetzDearborn is a preliminary allocation and
the goodwill recorded is subject to further adjustment resulting primarily from
the completion of the integration and exit plans, which could result in
additional liabilities; adjustments to the fair value of the net assets
acquired; and the resolution of pre-acquisition contingencies, primarily legal
matters and product liabilities, net of any related tax effects.
The allocation of the purchase price is expected to be completed in 1999.
FiberVisions L.L.C. - In July 1998, the company completed the acquisition of the
49% share of FiberVisions L.L.C. owned by its joint venture partner Jacob Holm &
Sons A/S for approximately $230 million in cash, plus assumed debt of $188
million. The allocation of the purchase price resulted in $188 million of
goodwill, which is being amortized over its estimated useful life of 40 years.
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30
The following unaudited pro forma information presents a summary of consolidated
results of operations of the company as if the BetzDearborn and FiberVisions
acquisitions had occurred at the beginning of each of the periods presented
below:
Years Ended December 31,
1998 1997
---- ----
Net sales $3,276 $3,366
Income (loss) before effect of change in accounting
principle (70) 237
Net income (loss) (70) 226
Net earnings per share:
Basic
Earnings before effect of change in accounting
principle $ (.69) $ 2.25
Earnings per share (.69) 2.15
Diluted
Earnings before effect of change in accounting
principle $ (.69) $ 2.21
Earnings per share (.69) 2.11
The pro forma results of operations are for comparative purposes only and
reflect increased amortization and interest expense resulting from the
acquisitions described above, but do not include any potential cost savings from
combining the acquired businesses with the company's operations. Consequently,
the pro forma results do not reflect the actual results of operations had the
acquisitions occurred on the dates indicated, and are not intended to be a
projection of future results or trends.
Other - The company also made three other acquisitions in 1998 for an aggregate
purchase price of approximately $105 million in cash. These acquisitions
included the worldwide paper chemicals group of Houghton International, Inc. and
Citrus Colloids Ltd., a pectin manufacturer, in April 1998, and Alliance
Technical Products, Ltd., a rosin dispersions company, in September 1998.
Allocations of the purchase prices for these acquisitions resulted in
approximately $67 million of goodwill, which is being amortized over estimated
useful lives ranging from 30 to 40 years.
2. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET
Accounts receivable, net, consists of: (Dollars in millions)
1998 1997
---- ----
Trade $598 $285
Other 78 107
---- ----
Total 676 392
Less allowance for doubtful accounts 13 3
---- ----
$663 $389
==== ====
At December 31, 1998, net trade accounts receivable from customers located in
the United States, Europe, the Americas, and Asia were $404 million, $150
million, $24 million, and $7 million, respectively.
3. INVENTORIES
The components of inventories are: (Dollars in millions)
1998 1997
---- ----
Finished products $218 $121
Materials, supplies, and work in process 198 113
---- ----
$416 $234
==== ====
Inventories valued on the LIFO method were lower than if valued under the
average-cost method, which approximates current cost, by $33 million and $37
million at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
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4. INVESTMENTS
Total equity investments in affiliated companies were $9 million at December 31,
1998, and $21 million at December 31, 1997. Dividends received from affiliated
companies were $0 in 1998 and 1997, and $11 million in 1996.
Other investments, at cost or less, were $42 million and $594 million at
December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. Included in these amounts are
non-current marketable securities aggregating $31 million and $81 million for
the corresponding years, classified as "available for sale." The value of these
investments, based on market quotes, approximates book values. At December 31,
1997, investments also included a $500 million 6.2% interest-bearing five-year
note (the Tastemaker note), which was sold in October 1998 for a $3 million net
loss as part of financing the BetzDearborn acquisition.
5. SHORT-TERM DEBT
A summary of short-term debt follows: (Dollars in millions)
1998 1997
---- ----
Commercial paper $ -- $195
Banks 80 80
Current maturities of long-term debt 486 --
---- ----
$566 $275
==== ====
The commercial paper program was replaced by the debt syndication utilized for
the acquisition of BetzDearborn. Previously, commercial paper was issued or
renewed for varying periods, with interest at prevailing market rates. Bank
borrowings represent primarily foreign overdraft facilities and short-term lines
of credit, which are generally payable on demand with interest at various rates.
Book values of commercial paper and bank borrowings approximate market value
because of their short maturity period.
At December 31, 1998, Hercules had $219 million of unused lines of credit that
may be drawn as needed, with interest at a negotiated spread over lenders' cost
of funds. Lines of credit in use at December 31, 1998, were $80 million.
Weighted-average interest rates on short-term borrowings at December 31, 1998
and 1997, were 5.10% and 5.40%, respectively.
6. LONG-TERM DEBT
A summary of long-term debt follows: (Dollars in millions)
1998 1997
---- ----
6.15% notes due 2000 $100 $100
6.60% notes due 2027 (a) 100 100
7.85% notes due 2000 25 25
6.625% notes due 2003 (b) 125 125
8% convertible subordinated debentures due 2010 (c) 3 10
Term loan tranche A due in varying amounts through 2003 (d) 1,250 --
Term loan tranche B due 1999 (d) 470 --
Term loan tranche C due 2000 (d) 1,000 --
Revolving credit agreement due 2003 (d) 288 --
ESOP debt (e) 110 --
Term notes at various rates from 5.11% to 9.60% due in varying
amounts through 2006 (f) 102 --
Commercial paper -- 50
Variable rate loans -- 2
Other 9 7
------ ----
3,582 419
Current maturities of long-term debt (486) --
------ ----
Net long-term debt $3,096 $419
====== ====
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(a) 30-year debentures with a 10-year put option, exercisable by
bondholder at a redemption price equal to principal amount.
(b) Par value of $125 million issued June 1993.
(c) Subordinated debentures are convertible into common stock at $14.90
per share and are redeemable at the option of the company at varying rates. The
annual sinking fund requirement of $5 million, beginning in 1996, has been
satisfied through conversions of debentures.
(d) The BetzDearborn acquisition was financed with borrowings under a
$3,650 million credit facility with a syndicate of banks, and was consummated on
October 15, 1998. The syndication included three tranches of varying maturity
term loans totaling $2,750 million and a $900 million revolving credit
agreement. The facility bears interest at London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)
plus 2% and may decrease to LIBOR plus .75% after six months and after certain
conditions are met, including repayments of term-loan tranche B. Interest rates
are reset for one, three or six-month periods at the company's option. The
company's debt agreement contains various restrictive covenants that, among
other things, require maintenance of certain financial covenants: leverage, net
worth and interest coverage, and provides that the entry of a judgment or
judgments involving aggregate liabilities of $50 million or more be vacated,
discharged, stayed or bonded pending appeal within 60 days of entry. Issuance
costs of $59 million related to the financing are included in Deferred charges
and other assets and are being amortized over the term of the loans, using the
effective interest method. As of December 31, 1998, $612 million of the $900
million revolver is available for use.
(e) The company assumed a loan with a fair market value of $110 million
related to the BetzDearborn ESOP Trust. The proceeds of the loan were used by
the ESOP Trust for the purchase of BetzDearborn preferred shares which, upon
acquisition by Hercules, were converted into equivalent shares of Hercules
common stock. The loan was recorded at fair market value at the date of
acquisition, and the $16 million fair value step-up is being amortized over the
term of the debt. The loan and guarantee mature in June 2009.
(f) Debt assumed in conjunction with the acquisition of FiberVisions
L.L.C. (see Note 1), less repayments through December 31, 1998.
Long-term debt maturities during the next five years are $486 million in 1999,
$1,342 million in 2000, $318 million in 2001, $366 million in 2002, and $831
million in 2003.
7. COMPANY-OBLIGATED PREFERRED SECURITIES OF SUBSIDIARY TRUST
In the fourth quarter of 1998, Hercules Trust V (the Trust), the company's
wholly owned consolidated subsidiary trust created under the laws of the State
of Delaware, completed a private placement of units, consisting of Trust
Preferred Securities (the Securities) in the amount of $200 million and a
forward underwriting contract to purchase Hercules common stock. The proceeds of
the Securities were invested by the Trust in the company's newly issued Junior
Subordinated Debenture Notes (the Notes). Each Security will accrue and pay
distributions equal to LIBOR plus 175 basis points, compounded quarterly. The
obligations of the Trust are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the
company.
The Securities are expected to be remarketed pursuant to their terms within 12
months from their issuance. The distribution rates will be reset to a fixed rate
in the remarketing based on bids received in a private auction to qualified
institutional buyers, and the maturity date will be reset to the one-year
anniversary of the successful remarketing. Hercules will be required to redeem
the Securities if remarketing does not occur within the established period. The
remarketing of the Securities may be accelerated under certain circumstances,
including the price of the company's common stock closing at or below $22.6875
(twenty-two and eleven-sixteenths). In addition, Hercules has agreed to offer
and sell, and a third party has agreed to underwrite $200 million of Hercules
common stock following the successful remarketing or redemption of the
Securities.
8. SERIES PREFERRED STOCK
The series preferred stock is without par value and is issuable in series. There
are 2,000,000 shares authorized for issuance, none of which have been issued.
9. COMMON STOCK
Hercules common stock has a stated value of $25/48, and 300,000,000 shares are
authorized for issuance. At December 31, 1998, a total of 16,023,661 shares were
reserved for issuance for the following purposes: 879,999 shares for sales to
the Savings Plan Trustee; 11,382,530 shares for the exercise of awards under the
Stock Option Plan; 2,197,137 shares for awards under incentive compensation
plans; 337,440 shares for conversion of debentures and notes; and 1,226,555
shares for employee stock purchases.
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For the company's stock repurchase program, from its start in 1991 through
year-end 1998, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to 74,650,000 shares of
company common stock. Of that total, 6,150,000 shares were intended to satisfy
requirements of various employee benefit programs. During this period, a total
of 66,490,592 shares of common stock were purchased in the open market at an
average price of $37.33 per share.
10. EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN (ESOP)
In connection with the acquisition of BetzDearborn, the company acquired its
ESOP and related trust as a long-term benefit for substantially all of
BetzDearborn's U.S. employees. The plan is a supplement to the company's
retirement plan. The ESOP trust has existing long-term debt of $94 million (fair
value of $110 million - see Note 6) which is guaranteed by the company. The
proceeds of the original loan were used to purchase BetzDearborn convertible
preferred stock, which, at the date of the BetzDearborn acquisition, was
converted into Hercules common stock.
The BetzDearborn 401(k) program was previously integrated with the ESOP.
Eligible employees may invest 2% to 15% of eligible compensation. The company's
matching contributions equal to 50% of the first 6% of employees' investments,
fully vest to employees upon the completion of 5 years of service. The company's
matching contributions, which are made in the form of Hercules common stock, are
included in ESOP expense. After satisfying the 401(k) matching contributions and
the dividends on allocated shares, the remaining shares of ESOP stock are
allocated to each participant based on the ratio of participants' compensation
to total compensation of all participants.
The company contribution and dividends on the shares held by the ESOP trust are
used to repay the loan, and stock is allocated as the principal and interest are
paid. Long-term debt is reduced as payments are made on the third-party
financing. The loan and unearned compensation are recorded in the company's
Consolidated Balance Sheet as long-term debt and a reduction in shareholders'
equity, respectively.
The number of shares allocated and unallocated at December 31 are as follows:
1998
----
Allocated 1,776,338
Unallocated 4,052,556
---------
Total shares held by ESOP 5,828,894
=========
The company is required to make cash contributions to the Plan which enable the
trust to service its indebtedness. ESOP expense was $1 million for 1998 which
was net of $2 million of dividends paid and charged to retained earnings.
11. LONG-TERM INCENTIVE COMPENSATION PLANS
The company's long-term incentive compensation plans provide for the grant of
stock options and the award of common stock and other market-based units to
certain key employees and nonemployee directors. Through 1994, shares of common
stock awarded under these plans normally were either restricted stock or
performance shares. During the restriction period, award holders have the rights
of stockholders, including the right to vote and receive cash dividends, but
they cannot transfer ownership.
In 1995, Hercules changed the structure of the long-term incentive compensation
plans to place a greater emphasis on shareholder value creation through grants
of regular stock options, performance-accelerated stock options, and Cash Value
Awards (performance-based awards denominated in cash and payable in shares of
common or restricted stock, subject to the same restrictions as restricted
stock). Restricted stock and other market-based units are awarded with respect
to certain programs. The number of awarded shares outstanding was 1,083,613;
873,627; and 1,881,946 at December 31, 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively.
Under the company's incentive compensation plans, 2,197,137 shares of common
stock were available for grant as stock awards or stock option awards. Stock
awards are limited to approximately 15% of the total authorizations. Regular
stock options are granted at the market price on the date of grant and are
exercisable at various periods from one to five years after date of grant.
Performance-accelerated stock options are also granted at the market price on
the date of grant and are normally exercisable at nine and one-half years.
Exercisability may be
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accelerated based upon the achievement of predetermined performance goals. Both
regular and performance-accelerated stock options expire 10 years after the date
of grant.
Restricted shares, options and performance-accelerated stock options are
forfeited and revert to the company in the event of employment termination,
except in the case of death, disability, retirement, or other specified events.
The company applies APB Opinion 25 in accounting for its plans. Accordingly, no
compensation cost has been recognized for the stock option plans. The cost of
stock awards and other market-based units, which are charged to income over the
restriction or performance period, amounted to $5 million for 1998; $4 million
for 1997, and $9 million for 1996.
Below is a summary of outstanding stock option grants under the incentive
compensation plans during 1996, 1997, and 1998:
Regular Performance-Accelerated
Weighted-average Weighted-average
Number of Shares Price Number of Shares Price
---------------- ----- ---------------- -----
January 1, 1996 3,883,184 $26.24 786,375 $48.54
Granted 673,450 $55.40 2,303,750 $49.66
Exercised (646,247) $21.29 -- --
Forfeited (800) $47.25 (14,319) $48.29
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1996 3,909,587 $32.49 3,075,806 $49.38
Granted 1,708,100 $40.14 810,125 $41.07
Exercised (1,611,449) $20.97 -- --
Forfeited (4,950) $56.26 (10,534) $53.07
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1997 4,001,288 $40.41 3,875,397 $47.63
Granted 2,696,215 $32.75 1,170,890 $41.09
Exercised (279,795) $24.93 -- --
Forfeited (66,430) $41.58 (15,035) $46.09
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1998 6,351,278 $37.83 5,031,252 $46.12
The weighted-average fair value of regular stock options granted during 1996,
1997, and 1998 was $14.36, $10.13, and $8.53 respectively. The weighted-average
fair value of performance-accelerated stock options granted during 1996, 1997,
and 1998 was $10.20, $9.39, and $9.24 respectively.
Following is a summary of regular stock options exercisable at December 31,
1996, 1997, and 1998, and their respective weighted-average share prices:
Weighted-average
Number of Shares Exercise Price
---------------- --------------
Options exercisable
December 31, 1996 2,636,457 $25.08
Options exercisable
December 31, 1997 2,013,148 $38.54
Options exercisable
December 31, 1998 3,300,628 $41.57
There were no performance-accelerated stock options exercisable at December 31,
1996, 1997 and 1998.
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Following is a summary of stock options outstanding at December 31, 1998:
Exercisable Options
Outstanding Options
Number Weighted-average Number
Exercise Price Outstanding Remaining Weighted-average Exercisable at Weighted-average
Range at 12/31/98 Contractual Life Exercise Price 12/31/98 Exercise Price
----- ----------- ---------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
Regular Stock Options
$11 - $20 257,263 2.58 $15.62 257,263 $15.62
$21 - $30 1,915,600 9.31 $25.53 129,400 $25.00
$31 - $40 1,912,695 7.82 $38.75 1,491,140 $38.68
$41 - $60 2,265,720 7.79 $49.97 1,422,825 $50.79
--------- ---------
6,351,278 3,300,628
========= =========
Performance-Accelerated Stock Options
$25 - $40 1,094,733 9.01 $36.18 -- --
$41 - $50 3,114,778 7.83 $47.10 -- --
$51 - $61 821,741 7.08 $55.62 -- --
---------
5,031,252
=========
The company estimates at December 31, 1998, 100% of performance-accelerated
stock options will eventually vest.
The company's Employee Stock Purchase Plan is a qualified noncompensatory plan,
which allows eligible employees to acquire shares of common stock through
systematic payroll deductions. The plan consists of three-month subscription
periods, beginning July 1 of each year. The purchase price is 85% of the fair
market value of the common stock on either the first or last day of that
subscription period, whichever is lower. Purchases may range from 2% to 15% of
an employee's base salary each pay period, subject to certain limitations.
Currently, 1,226,555 shares of Hercules common stock are registered for offer
and sale under the plan. Shares issued at December 31, 1998 and 1997, were
573,445 and 468,706, respectively. The company applies APB Opinion 25 and
related interpretations in accounting for its Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
Accordingly, no compensation cost has been recognized for the Employee Stock
Purchase Plan.
Had compensation cost for the company's Stock-Based Incentive Plans and Employee
Stock Purchase Plan been determined on the basis of fair value according to SFAS
No. 123, the fair value of each option granted or share purchased would be
estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.
The following assumptions would be used in estimating fair value for 1998, 1997,
and 1996:
Performance accelerated Employee Stock
Assumption Regular Plan Plan Purchase Plan
---------- ------------ ---- -------------
Dividend yield 3.0% 3.0% 3.0%
Risk-free interest rate 5.84% 5.77% 5.32%
Expected life 7.4 yrs. 5 yrs. 3 mos.
Expected volatility 23.1% 21.9% 27.0%
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The company's net income and earnings per share for 1998, 1997, and 1996 would
approximate the pro forma amounts below:
(Dollars in millions, except per share)
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
Net income
As reported $ 9 $319 $ 325
Pro forma $ (5) $308 $ 317
Basic earnings per share
As reported $ .10 $3.22 $3.10
Pro forma $ (.06) $3.10 $3.02
Diluted earnings per share
As reported $ .10 $3.13 $2.98
Pro forma $ (.06) $3.04 $2.92
SFAS No. 123 does not apply to awards prior to 1995, and additional
awards in future years are anticipated.
12. ADDITIONAL BALANCE SHEET DETAIL
(Dollars in millions)
1998 1997
---- ----
Property, plant, and equipment
Land $ 74 $ 18
Buildings and equipment 2,837 1,957
Construction in progress 126 113
------ ------
Total 3,037 2,088
Accumulated depreciation and amortization 1,599 1,401
------ ------
Net property, plant, and equipment $1,438 $ 687
====== ======
Accrued expenses
Payroll and employee benefits $ 63 $ 37
Income taxes payable 15 91
Accrued pension benefits 29 --
Other 374 280
------ ------
$ 481 $ 408
====== ======
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13. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
The company provides defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit plans to
employees. The pension and postretirement benefit plans for BetzDearborn
employees are included in the 1998 valuation. The following provides a
reconciliation of benefit obligations, plan assets, and funded status of the
plans.
(Dollars in millions)
Other Postretirement
Pension Benefits Benefits
--------------------- -----------------------
1998 1997 1998 1997
---- ---- ---- ----
CHANGE IN BENEFIT OBLIGATION
Benefit obligation at January 1 $ 1,114 $ 1,046 $ 141 $ 141
Service cost 20 17 1 1
Interest cost 83 78 10 10
Amendments -- 6 -- --
Assumption change 52 77 3 10
Divestiture -- (4) -- --
Acquisition 284 -- 9 --
Translation difference 7 (13) -- --
Actuarial loss 28 12 10 --
Benefits paid from plan assets (89) (105) (2) (2)
Benefits paid by Company -- -- (18) (19)
------- ------- ------- -------
Benefit obligation at December 31 $ 1,499 $ 1,114 $ 154 $ 141
======= ======= ======= =======
CHANGE IN PLAN ASSETS
Fair value of plan assets at January 1 $ 1,237 $ 1,168 $ 9 $ 9
Actual return on plan assets 182 187 1 2
Divestiture -- (2) -- --
Acquisition 256 -- -- --
Company contributions (refund) (2) 4 -- --
Translation difference 6 (15) -- --
Benefits paid from plan assets (90) (105) (2) (2)
------- ------- ------- -------
Fair value of plan assets at December 31 $ 1,589 $ 1,237 $ 8 $ 9
======= ======= ======= =======
Funded status of the plans $ 90 $ 124 $ (146) $ (132)
Unrecognized actuarial loss 89 93 34 22
Unrecognized prior service cost (benefit) 35 39 (44) (50)
Unrecognized net transition obligation (25) (40) -- --
Amount included in accrued expenses- other -- -- 20 21
------- ------- ------- -------
Prepaid (accrued) benefit cost $ 189 $ 216 $ (136) $ (139)
======= ======= ======= =======
AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN THE STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL
POSITION CONSIST OF:
Prepaid benefit cost 218 216 -- --
Accrued benefit liability (29) -- (136) (139)
------- ------- ------- -------
$ 189 $ 216 $ (136) $ (139)
======= ======= ======= =======
ASSUMPTIONS AS OF DECEMBER 31
Weighted average discount rate 7.00% 7.25% 7.00% 7.25%
Expected return on plan assets 9.25% 9.25% 9.25% 9.25%
Rate of compensation increase 4.50% 4.50% 4.50% 4.50%
PENSION BENEFITS OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
---------------- -----------------------------
1998 1997 1996 1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Service cost $ 20 $ 17 $ 19 $ 1 $ 1 $ 1
Interest cost 83 78 77 10 10 11
Return on plan assets (expected) (114) (103) (99) (1) (1) (1)
Amortization and deferrals 12 5 6 (4) (5) (5)
Amortization of transition asset (14) (14) (14) -- -- --
---- ------- ------- ------ ------ ------
Benefit cost (credit) $ (13) $ (17) $ (11) $ 6 $ 5 $ 6
====== ======= ======= ==== ==== ====
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Pension
During 1997, the company recognized a charge of approximately $8 million for
special termination benefits.
Other Postretirement Benefits
The non-pension postretirement benefit plans are contributory health care and
life insurance plans. In August 1993, a Voluntary Employees' Beneficiary
Association (VEBA) Trust was established and funded with $10 million of company
funds. The company periodically obtains reimbursement for union retiree claims,
while other claims are paid from company assets. The participant contributions
are immediately used to cover claim payments, and for this reason do not appear
as contributions to plan assets.
The assumed health care cost trend rate at December 31, 1998 and 1997, was 5%
for those under age 65 and 4.75% for those over age 65, decreasing to 4.5% in
subsequent years.
A one-percentage point increase or decrease in the assumed health care cost
trend rate would increase or decrease the postretirement benefit obligation by
$6 million or $7 million, respectively, and would not have a material effect on
aggregate service and interest cost components.
14. PURCHASED IN-PROCESS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Purchased in-process research and development (IPR&D) represents the value
assigned in a purchase business combination to research and development projects
of the acquired business that were commenced but not yet completed at the date
of the acquisition, and which, if unsuccessful, have no alternative future use
in research and development activities or otherwise. Amounts assigned to
purchased IPR&D must be charged to expense at the date of consummation of the
purchase business combination. Accordingly, the company has charged
approximately $130 million to expense at the acquisition date for IPR&D related
to the BetzDearborn acquisition. (See Note 1.)
The IPR&D projects were principally included in the water treatment and paper
process divisions of the acquired business. The former Water Treatment Group
(WTG) provided specialty water and process treatment programs for boiler,
cooling, influent, and effluent applications to markets such as refining,
chemical, paper, electric utility, food, industrial, commercial and
institutional establishments. Overall, the products are used to control
corrosion, scale, deposit formation, and microbiological growth, conserve energy
and improve efficiency. Additionally, the former Paper Process Group (PPG)
brought to market custom-engineered programs for the process-related problems
associated with paper production. These problems include deposition, corrosion,
microbiological fouling, foam control, deinking and felt conditioning.
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The following is a summary of the significant projects and the values assigned:
(Dollars in millions)
Estimated
Percent Cost to Estimated Projected
Project Group Complete Complete Total Cost Launch Date IPR&D Value
------- ----- -------- -------- ---------- ----------- -----------
New Blend of Actives
(1) PPG 73% $.3 $1.0 1999 $38
New Corrosion
Inhibitor (2) WTG 31% 1.5 2.1 2002 26
Alkaline Drainage Aid
(3) PPG 39% 1.6 2.7 2000 6
Other major projects WTG 54% Avg. 3.5 7.6 1999-2001 27
Other major projects PPG 80% Avg. .7 3.7 1999-2001 15
All other projects Various 29% Avg. 4.3 6.1 Various 18
-------- ----- ----- ----
Total IPR&D 49% $11.9 $23.2 $130
======== ===== ===== ====
1) This project will continuously screen new microbiocidal actives in order
to identify promising compounds that may improve current product mix of
offerings.
2) This project involves the development of new corrosion control chemistry
for application in a range of water treatment systems.
3) This project involves the development of advanced retention, drainage,
and formation systems for printing and writing paper.
Due to the uniqueness of each of the projects, the costs and effort required are
estimated based on the latest available information. Additionally, the launch
date reflects management's best estimate of the time that the company will begin
to benefit from cash inflow of the projects. However, there is a risk that
certain projects may not be completed successfully for a variety of reasons
including: change in strategies, inability to develop a cost efficient
treatment, and changes in market demand or customer requirements.
The IPR&D valuation charge was measured by the stage of completion method,
primarily calculated by dividing the costs incurred to date by the total
estimated costs. These percentages were applied to the results of
project-by-project discounted cash flow models that estimated the present value
of residual cash flows deemed attributable solely to the underlying IPR&D.
The projected revenues, costs, and margins in the cash flow forecasts are
consistent with projections by management based on available historical data.
The revenue projections are based on an opportunity analysis for each project,
which takes into account market and competitive conditions, potential customers,
and strategic goals. The weighted average cost of capital for the overall
business was estimated at 11% and the risk-adjusted discount rate used in the
IPR&D project valuation model was 13%.
15. OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES (INCOME), NET
As a result of the BetzDearborn acquisition in the fourth quarter of 1998,
Hercules began to formulate and implement a plan to merge the operations of
BetzDearborn with Hercules (see Note 1). Additionally, the company reviewed its
existing operations and support infrastructure and approved a plan to terminate
Hercules employees and exit activities to eliminate redundancies and
inefficiencies. As a result, the company incurred charges of approximately $76
million. These charges include employee termination benefits of $31 million;
exit costs related to facility closures of $10 million; write-downs of property,
plant and equipment of $24 million; and integration expenses of $11 million.
Employee termination benefits are for approximately 350 Hercules manufacturing,
sales
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and marketing, administration, technology and support personnel. Facility
closures and exit costs relate primarily to Process Chemicals and Services in
connection with the acquisition. Write-downs of property, plant and equipment
relate to asset impairments in Chemical Specialties and Functional Products
resulting from adverse business negotiations, the effects of the BetzDearborn
acquisition, and the loss of a customer. Integration expenses include consulting
and legal fees, integration bonuses, travel and training, and are expensed as
incurred.
Other operating expenses in 1997 included charges of $146 million, primarily
associated with reorganization of management and the adoption of new competitive
strategies (announced in early 1997). The charges included $122 million related
to asset rationalizations and impairment and $24 million related to severance
benefits. Included in the $122 million is an impairment loss of $95 million.
Additionally, the company recognized approximately $27 million of
rationalization charges primarily associated with certain assets, which were no
longer being utilized, and lease abandonment costs. Concurrently, management
authorized and committed the company to a plan to reduce its work force by
approximately 270 employees and accrued $24 million of severance-related
benefits. The plan included reorganization of management, reductions in
operating personnel at certain domestic and foreign facilities, and the
consolidation of certain support functions. Other operating expenses in 1997
also include $13 million of net environmental cleanup costs, principally for
nonoperating sites and $8 million of executive retirement benefits.
In 1996, other operating expenses (income), net, included probable recoveries
related to environmental remediation of $13 million and reduction in the
estimated loss on the divestiture of the Composite Products Division of $5
million.
During 1998, the company paid $10 million of these liabilities. As of December
31, 1998, the remaining liability for these charges is $36 million for
termination benefits representing approximately 370 employees and $10 million
for other exit costs. Reorganization in the foreign facilities has proceeded
slower than anticipated due to changes in the information system implementation
schedule, acquisition activity and other corporate initiatives. Management
expects to complete remaining actions under this plan during 2000.
16. INTEREST AND DEBT EXPENSE
Interest and debt costs are summarized as follows:
(Dollars in millions)
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
Costs incurred $114 $47 $40
Amount capitalized 11 8 5
---- --- ---
Amount expensed $103 $39 $35
==== === ===
17. OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET
Other income (expense), net, consists of the following:
(Dollars in millions)
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
Interest income $ 36 $ 29 $ 5
Net gains on dispositions 23 398 22
Acquisition costs -- (20) --
Legal settlements and accruals (66) (41) --
Interest rate swap termination (13) -- --
Miscellaneous income (expense), net (2) 8 (1)
----- ---- ---
$(22) $374 $26
===== ==== ===
Interest income in 1998 and 1997 relates primarily to the $500 million note
received upon completion of the Tastemaker monetization. The note was sold
during the fourth quarter of 1998 with a net loss of $3 million reported in net
gains on dispositions. Also, gains of $12 million and $19 million in 1998 and
1997, respectively, were recorded from the sale of Alliant Techsystems common
stock held by Hercules. (See Note 21.) Additionally, 1997 includes a gain of
$368 million on the completion of transactions that monetized the company's
investment in Tastemaker, a 50%-owned flavors joint venture. Net gains on
dispositions in 1996 reflect the sale of real estate and the sale of a product
line. Acquisition costs in 1997 represent a charge primarily related to the
company's
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unsuccessful bid for Allied Colloids. The 1998 legal settlements and
accruals relate primarily to settlements of Qui Tam ("Whistle Blower") lawsuits.
(See Note 22.) The 1998 loss from terminated interest rate swaps is related to
the company's financing effort upon the acquisition of BetzDearborn.
Miscellaneous income (expense), net, includes net foreign currency gains of $5
million, $19 million, and $11 million in 1998, 1997, and 1996, respectively.
18. INCOME TAXES
The domestic and foreign components of income before taxes and effect of
change in accounting principle are presented below:
(Dollars in millions)
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
Domestic $(147) $396 $250
Foreign 224 197 235
----- ---- ----
$ 77 $593 $485
===== ==== ====
A summary of the components of the tax provision follows:
(Dollars in millions)
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
Currently payable
U.S. federal $(26) $169 $33
Foreign 74 63 60
State (4) 2 9
Deferred
Domestic 17 30 41
Foreign 7 5 17
--- ---- ----
Provision for income taxes $68 $269 $160
=== ==== ====
Deferred tax liabilities (assets) at December 31 consist of:
(Dollars in millions)
1998 1997
---- ----
Depreciation $153 $119
Prepaid pension 93 82
Inventory 6 15
Investments 84 84
Other 46 22
---- ----
Gross deferred tax liabilities 382 322
---- ----
Postretirement benefits other than pensions (81) (66)
Accrued expenses (126) (110)
Loss carryforwards (24) (15)
Other (31) (32)
---- ----
Gross deferred tax assets (262) (223)
---- ----
Valuation allowance 12 12
---- ----
$132 $111
==== ====
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A reconciliation of the U.S. statutory income tax rate to the effective
rate follows:
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
U.S. statutory income tax rate 35% 35% 35%
Purchased in-process research and development (Note 14) 59 -- --
Goodwill amortization 7 -- --
Foreign dividends net of credits -- 2 --
State taxes 2 -- 1
Utilization of operating losses -- -- (2)
Reserves (17) 7 --
Other 2 1 (1)
--- --- ---
Effective tax rate 88% 45% 33%
=== === ===
The company provides taxes on undistributed earnings of subsidiaries and
affiliates included in consolidated retained earnings to the extent such
earnings are planned to be remitted and not reinvested permanently.
The undistributed earnings of subsidiaries and affiliates on which no provision
for foreign withholding or U.S. income taxes has been made amounted to
approximately $400 million at December 31, 1998. U.S. and foreign income taxes
that would be payable if such earnings were distributed may be lower than the
amount computed at the U.S. statutory rate because of the availability of tax
credits.
19. EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following table shows the amounts used in computing earnings per share and
the effect on income and the weighted-average number of shares of dilutive
potential common stock:
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share)
1998 1997 1996
---- ---- ----
Basic EPS computation:
Income before effect of change in accounting principle $ 9 $ 324 $ 325
Effect of change in accounting principle -- (5) --
------- ------- -------
Net income $ 9 $ 319 $ 325
======= ======= =======
Weighted-average shares outstanding 96.3 99.2 104.9
Earnings per share before effect of change in
accounting principle $ .10 $ 3.27 $ 3.10
Effect of change in accounting principle -- (.05) --
------- ------- -------
Earnings per share $ .10 $ 3.22 $ 3.10
======= ======= =======
Diluted EPS computation:
Income before effect of change in accounting principle $ 9 $ 324 $ 325
Interest on convertible debentures -- 2 2
Effect of change in accounting principle -- (5) --
------- ------- -------
Net Income $ 9 $ 321 $ 327
======= ======= =======
Weighted-average shares outstanding 96.3 99.2 104.9
Options .6 1.1 1.9
Convertible debentures .5 2.1 2.9
------- ------- -------
Adjusted weighted-average shares 97.4 102.4 109.7
======= ======= =======
Earnings per share before effect of change in
accounting principle $ .10 $ 3.18 $ 2.98
Effect of change in accounting principle -- (.05) --
------- ------- -------
Earnings per share $ .10 $ 3.13 $ 2.98
======= ======= =======
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20. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND RISK MANAGEMENT
Notional Amounts and Credit Exposure of Derivatives
The notional amounts of derivatives summarized below do not represent amounts
exchanged by the parties and, thus, are not a measure of the exposure of the
company through its use of derivatives. The amounts exchanged are calculated on
the basis of the notional amounts and the other terms of the derivatives, which
relate to interest rates or exchange rates.
Interest Rate Risk Management
During 1998, interest rate swaps which converted 6.02% average fixed-rate debt
to floating-rate debt expired. During the fourth quarter, a series of interest
rate swap agreements converting floating rate debt into fixed rate debt ranging
from 6.05% to 7.08% per year were terminated primarily in conjunction with the
sale of the Tastemaker note (see Note 4) and the BetzDearborn acquisition. New
interest rate swaps totaling $1.0 billion were added in the fourth quarter 1998.
This series of interest rate swap agreements, maturing from 1999 through
December 2002, effectively converts floating-rate debt into debt with a fixed
rate ranging from 4.91% to 5.21% per year as a hedge against the company's
interest rate exposure on its variable rate debt outstanding. For the years
1998, 1997, and 1996, these contracts resulted in a less than 1% change in the
effective interest rate on the weighted-average notional principal amounts
outstanding. The aggregate notional principal amounts at the end of 1998 and
1997 were $1.0 billion and $650 million, respectively.
The following table indicates the types of swaps used and their weighted-average
interest rates:
(Dollars in millions)
1998 1997
---- ----
Pay fixed on swaps notional amount (at year-end) $ 1,000 $ 650
Average pay rate 6.4% 6.4%
Average receive rate 5.5% 5.7%
Foreign Exchange Risk Management
The company selectively uses foreign currency forward contracts and currency
swaps to offset the effects of exchange rate changes on reported earnings, cash
flow, and net asset positions. The primary exposures are denominated in Danish
kroner, Dutch guilder, Belgian franc, British pound sterling, and the German
mark. Some of the contracts involve the exchange of two foreign currencies,
according to local needs in foreign subsidiaries. The term of the currency
derivatives is rarely more than one year. At December 31, 1998 and 1997, the
company had outstanding forward-exchange contracts to purchase foreign
currencies aggregating $117 million and $29 million and to sell foreign
currencies aggregating $320 million and $171 million, respectively. Non-U.S.
dollar cross-currency trades aggregated $380 million and $630 million at
December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. Currency swap agreements, used to
hedge net investment positions, totaled $512 million at December 31, 1998. The
forward-exchange contracts and currency swap agreements outstanding at December
31, 1998 will mature during 1999.
Fair Values
The following table presents the carrying amounts and fair values of the
company's financial instruments at December 31, 1998 and 1997:
(Dollars in millions)
1998 1997
---------------------------- ---------------------------
Carrying Amount Fair Value Carrying Amount Fair Value
--------------- ---------- --------------- ----------
Investment securities (available for sale) $ 31 $ 31 $ 81 $ 81
Investment securities (held to maturity) -- -- 500 500
Long-term debt (3,096) (3,101) (419) (452)
Company-obligated preferred securities of subsidiary trust (200) (200) -- --
Foreign exchange contracts 6* 6 2* 2
Currency swaps 8* 8 -- --
Interest rate swap contracts -- 1 (1)* (12)
*The carrying amount represents the net unrealized gain or net interest payable
associated with the contracts at the end of the period.
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Fair values of derivative contracts are indicative of cash that would have been
required had settlement been December 31, 1998.
Basis of Valuation
Investment securities: Quoted market prices.
Long-term debt: Present value of expected cash flows related to existing
borrowings discounted at rates currently available to the company for long-term
borrowings with similar terms and remaining maturities.
Company obligated preferred securities of subsidiary trust: Year-end interest
rates and company common stock price.
Foreign exchange contracts: Year-end exchange rates.
Currency swaps: Year-end interest and exchange rates.
Interest rate swap contracts: Bank or market quotes or discounted cash flows
using year-end interest rates.
21. DIVESTITURES
In March 1997, the company completed transactions to monetize its investment in
Tastemaker for approximately $608 million, including $108 million in cash and a
$500 million, 6.2%, interest-bearing five-year note. Equity in income of
affiliated companies included Tastemaker earnings of $11 million in 1997 and $32
million in 1996.
In June 1997, the company completed a joint venture of its polypropylene fiber
business with Jacob Holm & Sons A/S (Denmark) in which Hercules owned 51% of the
joint venture, which was accounted for on the equity method at that time. In
July 1998, Hercules purchased its partner's 49% share of the joint venture, with
the operating results of FiberVisions being included in Hercules' consolidated
financial statements since the date of acquisition. (See Note 1.)
Pursuant to a 1997 agreement, Hercules sold its remaining shares of Alliant
Techsystems Inc. for $12 million in 1998.
In June 1996, the company sold its Composite Products Division for $141 million
in cash. Net sales and operating profit of this business were $49 million and $8
million, respectively in 1996.
22. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Leases
Hercules has operating leases (including office space, transportation, and data
processing equipment) expiring at various dates. Rental expense was $35 million
in 1998, and $31 million in both 1997 and 1996.
At December 31, 1998, minimum rental payments under noncancelable leases
aggregated $317 million with subleases of $30 million. A significant portion of
these payments relates to a long-term operating lease for corporate office
facilities. The net minimum payments over the next five years are $39 million in
1999, $32 million in 2000, $24 million in 2001, $20 million in 2002, and $18
million in 2003.
Environmental
Hercules has been identified as a potentially responsible party (PRP) by U.S.
federal and state authorities, or has been sued for contribution by private
parties, for the cost of environmental investigation and/or cleanup at numerous
sites. The estimated range of the reasonably possible share of costs for
investigation and cleanup is between $63 million and $199 million. The actual
costs will depend upon numerous factors, including the number of parties found
responsible at each environmental site and their ability to pay, the actual
methods of remediation, outcomes of negotiations with regulatory authorities,
outcomes of litigation, changes in environmental laws and regulations,
technological developments, and the years of remedial activity required, which
could range up to 30 years.
In 1992, Hercules brought suit against its insurance carriers for past and
future costs for cleanup of certain environmental sites. In April 1998, the
trial regarding insurance recovery for the Jacksonville, Arkansas site (see
discussion below) was completed. The jury returned a "Special Verdict Form" with
findings that will, in conjunction with the court's other opinions, be used by
the Court to enter a judgment. The judgment will determine the amount of
Hercules recovery for past cleanup expenditures and will state that Hercules is
entitled to similar coverage for costs incurred since September 30, 1997 and in
the future. Hercules has not included any insurance recovery in the estimates
above.
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Hercules becomes aware of sites in which it may be, but has not yet been named a
PRP, principally through its knowledge of investigation of sites by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or other government agencies or through
correspondence with previously named PRPs requesting information on Hercules'
activities at sites under investigation. In addition, Hercules has established
procedures for identifying environmental issues at its respective plant sites.
Environmental coordinators, familiar with environmental laws and regulations,
are resources for identification of environmental issues. Further, Hercules has
environmental audit programs, which are designed to identify environmental
issues at operating plant sites. Through these programs and
information-gathering activities, Hercules identifies potential environmental,
regulatory, and remedial issues.
Litigation over liability at Jacksonville, Arkansas, the most significant site,
has been pending since 1980. As a result of a pretrial court ruling in October
1993, Hercules has been held jointly and severally liable for costs incurred,
and for future remediation costs, at the Jacksonville site by the District
Court, Eastern District of Arkansas (the Court).
Other defendants in this litigation have either settled with the government or,
in the case of the Department of Defense (DOD), have not been held liable.
Hercules appealed the Court's order finding the DOD not liable. On January 31,
1995, the 8th Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the Court's order. Hercules filed
a petition to the U.S. Supreme Court requesting review and reversal of the 8th
Circuit Court ruling. This petition was denied on June 26, 1995, and the case
was remanded to the District Court for further proceedings.
On May 21, 1997, the Court issued a ruling that Uniroyal is liable and that
Standard Chlorine is not liable to Hercules for contribution. A trial on
allocation and damages among Hercules, Uniroyal, and the United States was
scheduled to begin October 1998. Through the filing of separate summary judgment
motions, Hercules and Uniroyal raised a number of defenses to the United States'
ability to recover its costs. On October 23, 1998, the Court denied those
motions and granted the United States' summary judgment motion, ordering
Hercules and Uniroyal to pay the United States approximately $103 million plus
any additional response costs incurred or to be incurred after July 31, 1997.
Hercules expects that this amount will be reduced by approximately $7 million,
the amount received by the United States in previous settlements with other
parties. Trial testimony on the issue of allocation between Hercules and
Uniroyal was completed on November 6, 1998. Once a final judgment has been
entered, Hercules expects to appeal the Court's determination with respect to
its liability, the United States' costs, the divisibility of harm issue, and
Standard Chlorine's liability.
At December 31, 1998, the accrued liability for environmental remediation
represents management's best estimate of the probable and reasonably estimable
costs related to environmental remediation. The extent of liability is evaluated
quarterly. The measurement of the liability is evaluated based on currently
available information, including the process of remedial investigations at each
site and the current status of negotiations with regulatory authorities
regarding the method and extent of apportionment of costs among other PRPs.
Hercules does not anticipate that its financial condition will be materially
affected by environmental remediation costs in excess of amounts accrued,
although quarterly or annual operating results could be materially affected.
Litigation:
The company is a defendant in numerous lawsuits that arise out of, and are
incidental to, the conduct of its business. In these legal proceedings, no
specifically identified director, officer, or affiliate is a party or a named
defendant. These suits concern issues such as product liability, contract
disputes, labor-related matters, patent infringement, environmental proceedings,
property damage, and personal injury matters.
Hercules was a defendant in three Qui Tam (Whistle Blower) lawsuits brought by
former employees of the Aerospace business sold to Alliant Techsystems Inc. in
March 1995. Among the allegations made in the three lawsuits were allegations
relating to submission of false claims and records under various government
contracts, delivery of defective products, a deficient quality control program,
mischarging of work performed under government contracts, misuse of government
equipment, other acts of financial mismanagement, and wrongful termination
claims. The government, after investigation of the allegations, declined to
intervene in two of these lawsuits and partially intervened in the third. In May
1998, Hercules announced that it had agreed to settle the first lawsuit. The
settlement was approved by the court and the case was dismissed in July 1998.
In August 1998, the parties to the second lawsuit reached a tentative
settlement, subject to approval of the court. Although it did not intervene in
the case, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) objected to approval of the
tentative
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settlement, arguing that Hercules should only be released from claims that the
government contended were actually investigated, and that the proposed
allocation of settlement proceeds between False Claims Act claims and wrongful
termination claims should be revised to attribute a higher percentage of
recovery to claims arising under the False Claims Act. On February 9, 1999, the
court entered a judgment approving the settlement and dismissing the lawsuit.
The DOJ has 60 days from that date in which to file a Notice of Appeal, if it
chooses to do so.
In February 1998, the parties to the third lawsuit reached a tentative
settlement, which has since been finalized, under which all claims alleging
mischarging to the Intermediate Nuclear Forces Contract were settled. Other
portions of the complaint were not resolved by the settlement. In August 1998,
the parties reached a tentative settlement of the remaining portions of the
complaint, subject to approval of the Court. The DOJ objected to approval of the
tentative settlement, arguing that Hercules should only be released from claims
that the government contended were actually investigated, and that the
settlement agreement should have contained certain provisions preventing Alliant
Techsystems Inc., which was also a defendant in the lawsuit, from recovering
certain costs under its government contracts. On February 17, 1999, the Court
entered a judgment approving the settlement and dismissing the lawsuit. The DOJ
has 60 days from that date in which to file a Notice of Appeal, if it chooses to
do so.
As a result of these settlements, the company recognized charges of $4 million
and $62 million in 1997 and 1998, respectively.
In addition to the Jacksonville, Arkansas, site litigation described above, two
individuals have sued Hercules in a lawsuit captioned Jeffrey Shelton, Jr., et
al. v. Hercules Incorporated, Civil No. LR-C-97-131 (E.D. Ark. 1997). These
individuals seek medical monitoring and damages for loss of recreational
opportunities. They have brought a Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
citizens suit against Hercules seeking an injunction which would require
Hercules to fund or perform various environmental and health studies and pay for
any required remediation to the Bayou Meto. Trial is presently scheduled for
August 1999. Further, 19 individuals have sued Hercules in a matter entitled
Gary Graham, et al. v. Vertac Chemical Corporation and Hercules Incorporated,
No. LR-C-98-678 (E.D. Ark. 1998). These individuals seek damages for personal
injuries and diminution of property value as a result of alleged dioxin
contamination from the Jacksonville site. Trial is presently scheduled for
August 1999. Hercules denies liability in both actions, and Hercules intends to
vigorously defend itself.
BetzDearborn, along with Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E), is a defendant in four
lawsuits involving in the aggregate approximately 2,350 plaintiffs pending in
the Superior Court of Los Angeles County, California (the Lawsuits). Plaintiffs
are comprised primarily of present and former PG&E employees, their families,
and residents living in the vicinity of the three PG&E facilities that are the
subject of the Lawsuits. Plaintiffs seek unspecified monetary damages (including
punitive damages) for personal injuries arising from alleged exposures to
chromate-based products sold or allegedly sold by Betz Laboratories, Inc.
(predecessor to BetzDearborn) to PG&E for use in the cooling towers located at
these facilities. The sales in question occurred or allegedly occurred at
various times between 1952 and the mid-1980s, depending upon the facility. In
the Acosta, Aguilar, and Aguayo cases, the parties have selected 20 plaintiffs
and 2 alternates whose claims will be tried together, and prior to the claims
for the remaining plaintiffs in the Lawsuits. It is anticipated that the 20
plaintiffs' claims will be tried in late 1999. BetzDearborn denies any legal
liability to plaintiffs, believes it has substantial defenses, and intends to
contest the claims vigorously. BetzDearborn further believes that any claim for
punitive damages is without any legitimate basis in fact or law. The Lawsuits
are captioned as follows: Acosta, et al. v. Betz Laboratories, et al., No. BC
161 669 (1996); Adams, et al. v. Betz Laboratories, et al., No. BC 113 000
(1994); Aguilar, et al. v. Betz Laboratories, et al., No. BC 158 588 (1996); and
Aguayo et al. v. Betz Laboratories, et al., No. BC 123 749 (1995).
Although both BetzDearborn and PG&E are named as defendants in each of the
Lawsuits, not all plaintiffs seek damages from both defendants. PG&E previously
settled a lawsuit brought by many of the same individuals who are plaintiffs in
the Adams lawsuit; as a result, PG&E will have no additional liability to those
plaintiffs.
In October 1998, BetzDearborn and PG&E settled a fifth lawsuit relating to
alleged exposure to chromate-based products sold or allegedly sold by Betz
Laboratories, Inc. to PG&E for use in cooling towers at one or more of the PG&E
facilities. That lawsuit was captioned Riep, et al. v. Betz Laboratories, et
al., No. 984695 (San Francisco County, 1997). The amount of the settlement was
not material.
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BetzDearborn maintained insurance coverage for the purpose of securing
protection against alleged product and other liabilities, and certain of the
insurance carriers have undertaken to pay the cost of the defense of the
Lawsuits subject to various reservations of rights. BetzDearborn will pursue all
available insurance coverage to fund any damages payable to plaintiffs in
connection with the Lawsuits (excluding any punitive damages to the extent not
recoverable under BetzDearborn's insurance policies).
While it is not feasible to predict the outcome of all pending suits and claims,
the ultimate resolution of these matters could have a material effect upon the
financial position of Hercules, and the resolution of any of the matters during
a specific period could have a material effect on the quarterly or annual
operating results for that period.
23. CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLE
In November 1997, FASB's Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached a final
consensus on Issue 97-13, "Accounting for Costs Incurred in Connection With a
Consulting Contract That Combines Business Process Reengineering and Information
Technology Transformation." Activities deemed to be business process
reengineering include the following: current state assessments, configuring and
prototyping, process reengineering, and work force restructuring. The consensus
requires that the unamortized amounts of such costs previously capitalized as of
the beginning of the quarter, which includes November 20, 1997, be charged
during that quarter as the cumulative effect of a change in accounting
principle. The company adopted the consensus during the fourth quarter of 1997
and recorded a cumulative-effect adjustment of $5 million.
24. OPERATIONS BY INDUSTRY SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC AREA
In 1998, Hercules adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No.
131, "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information." The
statement establishes new standards for reporting information about operating
segments in annual financial statements and requires selected information about
operating segments in interim financial reports. It also establishes standards
for related disclosure about products and services, geographic area, and major
customers. In compliance with SFAS 131 and with the acquisition of BetzDearborn,
the company has identified three reportable segments and has restated prior
years to conform with the 1998 presentation.
Process Chemicals and Services: (Pulp and Paper and BetzDearborn.) Products and
services in this segment are designed to enhance customers' processes and
improve their manufacturing costs or environmental impact. Principal products
and markets include performance additives and water and process treatment
chemicals and related on-site services for a wide variety of industrial and
commercial applications including pulp and paper mills, refineries, chemical
plants, metals manufacturers, automobile assembly plants and makers of food and
beverages.
Functional Products: (Aqualon and Food Gums.) Products from this segment are
principally derived from natural resources and are sold as key raw materials to
other manufacturers. Principal products and markets include water-soluble
polymers and natural gums, used as thickeners, emulsifiers and stabilizers for
water-based paints, oil and gas exploration, building materials, dairy and
bakery products and other processed food products such as jams, jellies and
meats.
Chemical Specialties: (Resins and FiberVisions.) Products in this segment
provide low-cost, technology driven solutions to meet customer needs and market
demands. Principal products and markets include rosin and hydrocarbon resins for
adhesives used in nonwoven fabrics, textile fibers, and adhesive tapes;
thermal-bond polypropylene staple fiber for disposable diapers and other
hygienic products; and automotive textiles.
The company evaluates performance and makes decisions based primarily on "Profit
from Operations" and "Capital Employed." Consolidated capital employed
represents the total resources employed in the company and is the sum of total
debt, trust preferred securities and stockholders' equity. Capital employed in
each reportable segment represents the net operating assets employed to conduct
business in that segment and generally includes working capital (excluding cash)
and property, plant and equipment. Other assets and liabilities, primarily
goodwill and other intangibles, not specifically allocated to business segments,
are reflected in "Reconciling Items" in the table below.
Hercules has no single customer representing greater than 10% of its revenues.
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GEOGRAPHIC REPORTING
For geographic reporting, no single country, outside the United States, is
material for separate disclosure. However, because the company has significant
foreign operations, revenues and long-lived assets are disclosed by geographic
region.
Revenues are reported on a "customer basis," meaning that net sales are included
in the geographic area where the customer is located. Long-lived assets are
included in the geographic areas in which the producing entities are located.
Intersegment sales are eliminated in consolidation.
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(Dollars in millions)
PROCESS
CHEMICALS
AND FUNCTIONAL CHEMICAL RECONCILING
INDUSTRY SEGMENTS SERVICES PRODUCTS SPECIALTIES ITEMS CONSOLIDATED
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998
Net sales $717 $863 $566 $ (1) $2,145
Profit (loss) from operations 131 215 75 (229)(a) 192
Equity in income of affiliated companies 10
Interest and debt expense 103
Other income (expense), net (22)
------
Income before income taxes 77
Capital employed 756 392 388 2,885 (d) 4,421
Capital expenditures 44 53 36 24 157
Depreciation and amortization 22 32 19 35 108
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1997
Net sales $443 $898 $526 $ (1) $1,866
Profit (loss) from operations 100 224 67 (163)(b) 228
Equity in income of affiliated companies 30
Interest and debt expense 39
Other income, net 374
------
Income before income taxes 593
Capital employed 138 355 168 723 (d) 1,384
Capital expenditures 22 47 30 20 119
Depreciation and amortization 11 34 13 18 76
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1996
Net sales $452 $924 $633 $ 51 (c) $2,060
Profit (loss) from operations 108 220 95 18 (c) 441
Equity in income of affiliated companies 21 32 53
Interest and debt expense 35
Other income, net 26
------
Income before income taxes 485
Capital employed 137 398 268 742 (d) 1,545
Capital expenditures 14 48 31 27 120
Depreciation and amortization 13 49 20 26 108
UNITED
GEOGRAPHIC AREAS STATES EUROPE AMERICAS (e) ASIA PACIFIC TOTAL
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998
Net sales $ 944 $ 785 $ 258 $ 158 $2,145
Long-lived assets (f) 3,083 681 125 97 3,986
1997
Net sales 826 655 212 173 1,866
Long-lived assets (f) 387 309 19 16 731
1996
Net sales 929 726 223 182 2,060
Long-lived assets (f) 529 339 39 9 916
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(a) Includes costs for purchased in-process research and development,
facility closure and contract termination, employee termination
benefits, write-downs of property, plant and equipment, other
integration expenses, and amortization of goodwill and intangibles.
(See Notes 14 and 15.)
(b) Primarily includes asset rationalizations, impairments and severance
costs. (See Note 15.)
(c) Includes revenues and profits pertaining to the Composite Products
business sold in June 1996.
(d) Assets and liabilities not specifically allocated to business segments,
primarily goodwill, intangibles, and other long-term assets net of
liabilities.
(e) Ex-U.S.A.
(f) Long-lived assets include Property, plant and equipment, Goodwill and
Other intangible assets. In 1998, the goodwill and other intangible
assets related to the BetzDearborn acquisition are reflected in the
United States region. Once the purchase price allocation is completed,
these assets will be reported in the appropriate regions.
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Hercules Incorporated
Summary of Quarterly Results (Unaudited) (Dollars in millions, except per share)
1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Year
1998 1997 1998 1997 1998 1997 1998 1997 1998 1997
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Operating Results
-----------------
Net sales $ 430 $ 495 $ 445 $ 502 $ 510 $ 448 $ 760 $ 421 $2,145 $1,866
Cost of sales 262 320 267 314 323 270 435 265 1,287 1,169
SG&A and R&D 74 80 80 82 88 71 218 71 460 304
Purchased in-process
research and development -- -- -- -- -- -- 130 -- 130 --
Other operating expenses
(income), net -- 163 (3) (1) (2) -- 81 3 76 165
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------ ------
Profit (loss) from operations 94 (68) 101 107 101 107 (104) 82 192* 228*
Equity income 5 17 5 4 -- 4 -- 5 10 30
Interest and debt expense 11 10 13 9 18 10 61 10 103 39
Other income (expense), net (44) 335 16 13 18 22 (12) 4 (22) 374
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------ ------
Income (loss) before income
taxes and effect of change in
accounting principle 44 274 109 115 101 123 (177) 81 77 593
Income taxes 16 166 35 40 30 41 (13) 22 68 269
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------ ------
Income (loss) before effect of
change in accounting principle 28 108 74 75 71 82 (164) 59 9 324
Effect of change in accounting
principle -- -- -- -- -- -- -- (5) -- (5)
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------ ------
Net income (loss) $ 28 $ 108 $ 74 $ 75 $ 71 $ 82 $ (164) $ 54 $ 9 $ 319
======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ====== ======
Earnings per share**
Basic:
Earnings before effect
of change in
accounting principle $ .29 $ 1.07 $ .78 $ .75 $ .75 $ .83 $ (1.64) $ .62 $ .10 $ 3.27
Effect of change in
accounting principle -- -- -- -- -- -- -- (.05) -- (.05)
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------ ------
Earnings (loss) per share $ .29 $ 1.07 $ .78 $ .75 $ .75 $ .83 $ (1.64) $ .57 $ .10 $ 3.22
======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ====== ======
Diluted:
Earnings before effect
of change in
accounting principle $ .29 $ 1.03 $ .77 $ .73 $ .74 $ .81 $ (1.64) $ .61 $ .10 $ 3.18
Effect of change in
accounting principle -- -- -- -- -- -- -- (.05) -- (.05)
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------ ------
Earnings (loss) per share $ .29 $ 1.03 $ .77 $ .73 $ .74 $ .81 $ (1.64) $ .56 $ .10 $ 3.13
======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ====== ======
*Includes one-time charges of $215 million in 1998 (see Notes 14 and 15) and
$167 million in 1997 (see Note 15).
**Earnings per share calculations for each of the quarters are based on the
weighted-average number of shares outstanding for each period. The sum of the
quarters may not necessarily be equal to the full year's earnings per share
amounts.
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PRINCIPAL CONSOLIDATED, WHOLLY OWNED SUBSIDIARIES (DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY)
AUSTRIA
Patex Chemie GmbH, Traun
THE BAHAMAS
Hercules International Trade Corporation Limited (HINTCO), Nassau
BELGIUM
Hercules Belgium N.V., Doel/Beringen
S.A. Hercules Europe N.V., Brussels
BERMUDA
Curtis Bay Insurance Co., Ltd., Hamilton
BRAZIL
Citrus Colloids SA, Limeira
CANADA
Genu Products Canada Ltd., Pubnico, Nova Scotia
Hercules Canada Inc., Mississauga, Ontario
CHINA
Hercules China Limited, Hong Kong
Special Administrative Region
CZECH REPUBLIC
Hercules CZ s.r.o., Prague
DENMARK
Copenhagen Pectin A/S, Lille Skensved
ENGLAND
Hercules Limited, Surrey
Alliance Technical Products, Stonehouse
FINLAND
Oy Hercofinn Ab, Helsinki
FRANCE
Aqualon France B.V., Rueil
Hercules S.A., Rueil
GERMANY
Hercules GmbH, Dusseldorf
Pomosin GmbH, Grossenbrode
ITALY
Hercules Italia S.p.A., Milan
JAPAN
Hercules Japan Ltd., Tokyo
MEXICO
Quimica Hercules, S.A. de C.V., Mexico City
THE NETHERLANDS
Hercules B.V., Rijswijk
THE PHILIPPINES
Hercules Ultramarine Inc., Cebu
POLAND
Hercules Polska Sp. z. o. o., Warsaw
SINGAPORE (REPUBLIC OF)
Hercules Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore
SPAIN
Hercules Quimica, S.A., Tarragona
SWEDEN
Hercules AB, Goteborg
UNITED STATES
BetzDearborn Inc., Trevose, Pennsylvania
Hercules Finance Company, Wilmington, Delaware
FiberVisions L.L.C., Wilmington, Delaware
VIRGIN ISLANDS
Hercules Overseas Corporation, St. Thomas
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE:
None.
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PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT:
Information regarding directors and nominees for directors of the company is
included under the caption entitled "Re-election of Directors" on page 8 of the
Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. Information regarding
executive officers begins on page 16 of that report.
Disclosure of information for directors, officers, and other persons not meeting
the timely reporting requirements under section 16(a) of the Exchange Act is
contained in the Proxy Statement under the caption entitled "Compliance With
Section 16(a) Reporting" on page 22 and is incorporated herein by reference.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT:
The name, age, and current position of each executive officer (as defined
by Securities and Exchange Commission rules) of the company as of March 1, 1999,
are listed below. Each of the officers, except Richard G. Dahlen, has served in
one or more executive capacities with the company and/or its affiliates during
the past five years. Richard Dahlen was employed by Monsanto Company for 30
years, holding positions in its Law Department. He joined Hercules in 1996 as
vice president and general counsel. There are no family relationships among
executive officers.
NAME AGE CURRENT POSITION
R. Keith Elliott 57 Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Vincent J. Corbo 55 President and Chief Operating Officer
Dominick W. DiDonna 50 Senior Vice President and General Manager, Pulp and Paper
George MacKenzie 49 Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Larry V. Rankin 55 Senior Vice President and General Manager, BetzDearborn
Harry J. Tucci 58 Senior Vice President, Corporate Development
June B. Barry 47 Vice President, Human Resources
Thomas A. Ciconte, Jr. 51 Vice President, External Affairs and International
Richard G. Dahlen 59 Vice President and General Counsel
Israel J. Floyd 52 Corporate Secretary and Assistant General Counsel
Bruce W. Jester 47 Vice President, Taxes
Vikram Jog 42 Vice President and Controller
Jan M. King 49 Vice President and Treasurer
Michael J. Scott 47 Vice President, Business Analysis, and Assistant Controller
David L. Chester 47 Assistant Controller
Stuart C. Shears 48 Assistant Treasurer
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION:
Information regarding executive compensation of Hercules' directors and
executive officers is included in the Proxy Statement under the caption entitled
"Board of Directors - Highlights" on page 13, and the caption entitled "Report
of the Compensation Committee" on pages 19 through 21, respectively, and is
incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT:
Information regarding beneficial ownership of the Common Stock by certain
beneficial owners and by management of the company is included under the caption
entitled "Stock Ownership of Directors and Officers" on page 22 of the Proxy
Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS:
In 1998, no director or officer had an involvement in such transactions of a
nature or magnitude to require disclosure under the applicable SEC thresholds.
53
54
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K:
(a) Documents filed as part of this Report:
1. Financial Statements
See Item 8 for an Index to the Consolidated
Financial Statements of Hercules Incorporated.
Also filed herewith are BetzDearborn Inc.
Unaudited Interim Financial Statements and an
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement
of Income of Hercules Incorporated.
BETZDEARBORN INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PAGE
-----------------------------------------
Consolidated Statements of Income for the nine months ended September 30, 1998
and 1997 (Unaudited) ..................................................... 55
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 1998
and 1997 (Unaudited) ..................................................... 56
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the nine months ended
September 30, 1998 and 1997 (Unaudited) .................................. 57
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) ............................... 58-59
PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF HERCULES INCORPORATED
-------------------------------------------------------
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Income for the Year Ended
December 31, 1998 ........................................................ 60
Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Income .................. 61
2. Financial Statement Schedules:
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts ...................................... 62
All other schedules are omitted because they are not
applicable, not required, or the information required is either
presented in the Notes to Financial Statements or has not changed
materially from that previously reported.
3. Exhibits:
A complete listing of exhibits required is given
in the Exhibit Index which precedes the exhibits
filed with this Report.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K.
Financial Statements
Report Date of Report Item Nos. Included
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8-K October 15, 1998 2, 5 and 7 Yes
8-K November 12, 1998 5 No
8-K/A October 15, 1998 7 Yes
8-K March 5, 1999 5 and 7 Yes
8-K March 17, 1999 5 No
54
55
BETZDEARBORN INC.
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT (UNAUDITED)
(Dollars in millions, except per share)
Nine months ended September 30,
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997
----- -----
Net Sales $ 948 $ 961
Cost of Sales 390 384
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 400 407
Research and development 30 31
----- -----
Profit from operations 128 139
Interest and debt expense 29 35
Other income (expense), net (12) (1)
----- -----
Income before income taxes 87 103
Income tax expense 31 37
----- -----
Net Income $ 56 $ 66
===== =====
Earnings per share:
Basic $1.76 $2.18
Diluted 1.66 2.02
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
55
56
BETZDEARBORN INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED) (Dollars in millions)
Nine months ended September 30,
1998 1997
----- -----
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES $ 122 $ 62
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Expenditures for property, plant and equipment (71) (55)
Proceeds from sales of long-term assets 6 8
Purchases of businesses and long-term investments (3) --
Other, net -- (1)
----- -----
Net cash used in investing activities (68) (48)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net long-term repayments under credit facilities (17) (17)
Net short-term (repayments) borrowings (22) 10
Dividends paid (39) (38)
Proceeds from issuance of common shares, including
treasury shares 12 40
----- -----
Net cash used in financing activities (66) (5)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash (3) (1)
----- -----
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (15) 8
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 37 38
----- -----
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 22 $ 46
===== =====
See notes to consolidated financial statements
56
57
BETZDEARBORN INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
(Dollars in millions)
Capital in Foreign
excess of currency
Common par value of Retained Treasury Unearned translation
stock stock earnings stock compensation adjustments
------ ------------ -------- -------- ------------ -----------
Balance at December 31, 1996 $ 3 $ 94 $464 $ (188) $(4) $ 10
(common shares: issued 33,637,359;
reacquired, 5,509,124)
Net earnings 66
Dividends on preferred shares ($12.00 per
share) (6)
Dividends on common shares ($1.13 per
share) (21)
Impact of shares issued under employee
stock plans 22 6 23 --
Incentive plans, net, 998,158 shares
including 992,129 from reacquired stock
Currency translation adjustments (42)
------ ---- -------- ------ --- ---------
Balance at September 30, 1997 $ 3 $116 $ 509 $ (165) $(4) $(32)
====== ==== ======== ====== ==== =========
Capital in Foreign
excess of currency
Common par value of Retained Treasury Unearned translation
stock stock earnings stock compensation adjustments
------ ------------ -------- -------- ------------ -----------
Balance at December 31, 1997 $ 3 $132 $501 $(155) $(4) $(31)
(common shares: issued 33,631,330;
reacquired, 4,181,807)
Net earnings 56
Dividends on preferred shares ($12.00 per (6)
share)
Dividends on common shares ($1.14 per
share) (22)
Impact of shares issued under employee
stock plans 6 11 --
Incentive plans, net, 389,282 shares
including 386,675 from reacquired stock
Currency translation adjustments (18)
------ ---- -------- ------ --- ---------
Balance at September 30, 1998 $ 3 $138 $529 $(144) $(4) $(49)
====== ==== ======== ====== ==== =========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
57
58
BETZDEARBORN INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
SEPTEMBER 30, 1998 AND 1997
Note 1 - Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of BetzDearborn
Inc. (the "Company") for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 1998 and
1997 have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to
Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the
information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles
for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments
considered necessary for fair presentation have been included. Certain amounts
in the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 1997 have been
reclassified to conform with 1998 classifications. Operating results for the
nine-month period ended September 30, 1998 are not necessarily indicative of the
results for the full year ended December 31, 1998.
Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive
Income," requires the Company to report in its financial statements all
non-owner related changes in equity for the periods being reported.
Comprehensive income for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 1998 and
1997 was $38 million and $24 million, respectively, consisting of net income and
foreign currency translation adjustments.
In the fourth quarter of 1997, the Company changed its method of accounting for
business process reengineering costs incurred in connection with its ongoing
major project that combined business process reengineering and information
technology transformation. This accounting change was mandated by the consensus
position of the Financial Accounting Standards Board's Emerging Issues Task
Force (Issue No. 97-13). Effective October 1, 1997, all such costs were expensed
as incurred, whereas previously such costs were capitalized. In the fourth
quarter of 1997, business process reengineering costs capitalized through
September 30, 1997 were written off as a cumulative effect type adjustment.
Note 2 - Common Shares Reserved for Stock Plans
At September 30, 1998, 4,917,827 and 426,482 Common Shares were reserved for
possible issuance pursuant to the exercise of stock options and grants under the
Company's Stock Option and Incentive Plans, respectively. An additional 256,508
Common Shares were reserved for purchase through payroll deductions under the
terms of the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Further, 2,673,000 Common Shares were
reserved for possible conversion of the Series A ESOP Convertible preferred
stock.
58
59
Note 3 - Earnings per Share
In compliance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 128,
"Earnings per share," the Company changed its method of computing earnings per
share and restated the prior year to conform to the new requirements. Basic and
diluted earnings per share as calculated under Statement 128 were as follows (in
millions, except per share amounts):
Nine months ended September 30,
1998 1997
Basic Earnings per Share:
Net earnings $ 56 $ 66
Effect of preferred stock dividends, net of taxes (4) (4)
-------- --------
Net earnings available to common shareholders $ 52 $ 62
======== ========
Average Common Shares outstanding - basic 29.5 28.6
Basic Earnings per Common Share $ 1.76 $ 2.18
======== ========
Diluted Earnings per Share:
Net earnings $ 56 $ 66
Effect of ESOP charge to operations assuming conversion
of Series A ESOP Convertible Preferred Shares, net of taxes (2) (2)
-------- --------
Net earnings available to common shareholders $ 54 $ 64
======== ========
Average Common Shares outstanding - basic 29.5 28.6
Effect of dilutive securities:
Contingently issuable shares .2 .1
Employee stock options .1 .5
Assumed conversion of Series A ESOP Convertible
Preferred Shares 2.6 2.7
-------- --------
Average Common Shares outstanding - diluted 32.4 31.9
======== ========
Diluted Earnings per Common Share $ 1.66 $ 2.02
======== ========
Note 4 - Subsequent Event
On October 15, 1998, BetzDearborn and Hercules Incorporated completed the
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated July 30, 1998, with BetzDearborn surviving
the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Hercules Incorporated.
59
60
PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF HERCULES INCORPORATED (Unaudited)
The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Income of Hercules
Incorporated for the year ended December 31, 1998 reflects the acquisition of
BetzDearborn Inc. as if it had occurred at the beginning of the year ended
December 31, 1998. The pro forma information is based on the historical
financial statements of Hercules and BetzDearborn after giving effect to the
acquisition using the purchase method of accounting and a preliminary purchase
price allocation. The actual allocation of the purchase price is expected to be
completed during 1999, based on a complete evaluation of the assets acquired and
liabilities assumed. Accordingly, the information presented herein may differ
from the final purchase price allocation. The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed
Combined Statement of Income also reflects assumptions and adjustments deemed
appropriate by Hercules management, which are described in the accompanying
notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Income. Cost
savings benefits from synergies to be derived from the planned acquisition,
which may be significant, are not reflected in the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed
Combined Statement of Income.
The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Income does not purport
to be indicative of Hercules' results of operations had the planned acquisition
actually occurred on the date assumed nor is it necessarily indicative of
Hercules' future operating results. The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined
Statement of Income should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated
financial statements of Hercules and the notes thereto set forth in Part II,
Item 8, of this Form 10-K, and the historical consolidated financial statements
of BetzDearborn and the notes thereto set forth in BetzDearborn's 1997 Annual
Report on Form 10-K and the unaudited financial statements of BetzDearborn for
the periods ended March 31, 1998 and June 30, 1998, as set forth in its
quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for those periods.
HERCULES INCORPORATED
PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
(Dollars in millions, except per share)
Year ended December 31, 1998
---------------------------------------------------------------
BetzDearborn
Hercules as 1/1/98 - Pro forma Pro forma
Reported 9/30/98 Adjustments Combined
---------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales $ 2,145 $ 948 $ $ 3,093
Cost of sales 1,287 390 (12)(a) 1,665
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 399 400 48 (b) 835
(12)(c)
Research and development 61 30 91
Purchased in-process research and development 130 -- (130)(d) --
Other operating expenses (income), net 76 (11)(e) 65
------- ------- ------ -------
Profit from operations 192 128 117 437
Equity in income of affiliated companies 10 -- 10
Interest and debt expense 103 29 150(f) 282
Other income (expense), net (22) (12) (34)
------- ------- ------ -------
Income before income taxes 77 87 (33) 131
Income tax expense 68 31 (44)(g) 55
------- ------- ------ -------
Net income $ 9 $ 56 $ 11 $ 76
======= ======= ====== =======
Earnings per share
Basic $ .10 $ .75
Diluted $ .10 $ .75
Weighted-average shares outstanding
Basic 96.3 100.7 (h)
Diluted 97.4 101.8 (h)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited pro forma condensed
combined statement of income.
60
61
HERCULES INCORPORATED
NOTES TO PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
(Dollars in millions)
(a) To record the net change in depreciation expense resulting from the
increase in fair value of fixed assets and the adjustment to estimated
useful lives.
(b) To record amortization of goodwill of $2,074 over its estimated useful
life of 40 years, and amortization of other identified intangible
assets of $145 over their estimated useful lives ranging from 10 to 15
years.
(c) To eliminate historical BetzDearborn goodwill and intangible
amortization.
(d) To remove nonrecurring write-off of purchased in-process research and
development.
(e) To remove nonrecurring integration charges related to the acquisition.
(f) To record incremental interest expense at an assumed interest rate of
7.3%, approximate borrowing rate for Hercules, on borrowings under the
$3,650 credit facility used to finance the BetzDearborn acquisition and
amortization of debt issuance costs.
(g) To record the tax effect of the pro forma adjustments at the statutory
rate of 35% for the period presented. In-process research and
development and amortization of goodwill (substantially non-deductible)
have not been tax effected.
(h) Shares of the BetzDearborn ESOP were exchanged for approximately 5.9
million Hercules common shares and are considered outstanding.
61
62
HERCULES INCORPORATED
SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS (Dollars in millions)
Col. A. Col. B Col. C Col. D Col. E
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Additions
-------------------------
Balance at Charged to Charged to Balance
beginning of costs and other at end of
Description period expenses accounts Deductions period
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998
- ---------
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 3 -- $10(a) -- $13
Tax valuation allowance 12 -- -- -- 12
1997
- ---------
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 4 -- -- 1(b) $ 3
Tax valuation allowance 15 -- -- 3(c) 12
1996
- ---------
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 5 -- -- 1(b) $ 4
Tax valuation allowance 15 -- -- -- 15
(a) Primarily a result of 1998 acquisitions.
(b) Write-off of uncollectible accounts, net of recoveries.
(c) Utilization of net operating loss carryforwards.
62
63
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on March 30, 1999.
HERCULES INCORPORATED
By GEORGE MACKENZIE
-----------------------------------
George MacKenzie, Senior Vice
President and Chief Financial
Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant in the capacities indicated on March 30, 1999.
PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND DIRECTOR:
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer R. KEITH ELLIOTT
-----------------
R. Keith Elliott
PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER:
Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer GEORGE MACKENZIE
-----------------
George MacKenzie
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING OFFICER:
Vice President and Controller VIKRAM JOG
-----------------
Vikram Jog
DIRECTORS:
VINCENT J. CORBO
-------------------------
Vincent J. Corbo
JOHN G. DROSDICK
-------------------------
John G. Drosdick
RICHARD M. FAIRBANKS, III
-------------------------
Richard M. Fairbanks, III
ALAN R. HIRSIG
-------------------------
Alan R. Hirsig
EDITH E. HOLIDAY
-------------------------
Edith E. Holiday
ROBERT G. JAHN
-------------------------
Robert G. Jahn
GAYNOR N. KELLEY
-------------------------
Gaynor N. Kelley
RALPH L. MACDONALD, JR.
-------------------------
Ralph L. MacDonald, Jr.
H. EUGENE MCBRAYER
-------------------------
H. Eugene McBrayer
PETER MCCAUSLAND
-------------------------
Peter McCausland
JOHN A. H. SHOBER
-------------------------
John A. H. Shober
PAULA A. SNEED
-------------------------
Paula A. Sneed
63
64
EXHIBIT INDEX
NUMBER DESCRIPTION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE TO
2-A Agreement and Plan of Merger among Hercules Incorporated, Water Exhibit 2.1, BetzDearborn Inc. Current Report on
Acquisition Company, and BetzDearborn Inc., dated July 30, 1998 Form 8-K, filed July 30, 1998
3-A.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Hercules Incorporated as Exhibit 3-A, Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed
revised and amended July 6, 1988 March 26, 1993
3-A.2 Certificate of Amendment to Hercules' Restated Certificate of Exhibit 4.1a, Registration Statement on Form S-3,
Incorporation as revised and amended October 24, 1995 filed September 15, 1998
3-B By-Laws of Hercules Incorporated as revised and amended October 30, Exhibit 3-B, Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed
1991 March 26, 1993
4-C Junior Subordinated Debentures Indenture, dated November 12, 1998,
between Hercules Incorporated and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as Trustee
4-D First Supplemental Indenture, dated November 12, 1998, between Hercules
Incorporated and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as Trustee
4-E Preferred Securities Guarantee Agreement, dated November 12, 1998,
executed by Hercules Incorporated and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as
Trustee, with respect to Hercules Trust V
4-F Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of Hercules Trust V, dated
November 12, 1998
4-G Remarketing Agreement, dated November 12, 1998, among Hercules
Incorporated, Hercules Trust V and NationsBanc Montgomery Securities
LLC
4-H Form of Junior Subordinated Debenture Indenture between Hercules Exhibit 4.4, Amendment No. 1 to Registration
Incorporated and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as Trustee Statement on Form S-3, filed October 29, 1998
4-I Officers' Certificate, dated as of March 17, 1999, pursuant to the Exhibit 4.1, Current Report on Form 8-K, dated
Junior Subordinated Debenture Indenture between Hercules Incorporated March 17, 1999
and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as Trustee
4-J Form of Preferred Securities Guarantee by Hercules Incorporated and The Exhibit 4.28, Amendment No. 1 to Registration
Chase Manhattan Bank, as trustee, with respect to Hercules Trust I Statement on Form S-3, filed October 29, 1998
4-K Form of Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of Hercules Trust I Exhibit 4.13, Amendment No. 1 to Registration
Statement on Form S-3, filed October 29, 1998
65
NUMBER DESCRIPTION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE TO
4-L Form of 9.42% Trust Originated Preferred Securities of Hercules Trust I Exhibit 4.2, Current Report on Form 8-K, dated
March 17, 1999
4-M Form of 9.42% Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures due Exhibit 4.3, Current Report on Form 8-K, dated
2029 March 17, 1999
Hercules is party to several long-term debt instruments under which in each case
the total amount of securities authorized does not exceed 10% of the total
assets of Hercules. Hercules agrees to furnish a copy of such instruments to the
Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.
10-A Hercules Incorporated Unit Incentive Plan Appendix A, Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy
Statement Dated February 10, 1969*.
10-B Hercules Executive Survivor Benefit Plan Exhibit 10-D, Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed
March 27, 1981*.
10-C Hercules Incorporated Phantom Stock Plan Exhibit E, Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy
Statement Dated February 14, 1986*
10-D Hercules Incorporated Restricted Stock Plan of 1986 Exhibit B. Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy
Statement Dated February 14, 1986*
10-E Hercules Incorporated Stock Option Plan of 1986 Exhibit D. Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy
Statement Dated February 14, 1986*
10-F Hercules Incorporated Deferred Compensation Plan Exhibit 10-I, Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed
March 29, 1988*
10-H Hercules Incorporated Annual Management Incentive Compensation Plan Exhibit 10-H, Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed
March 26, 1993
10-I Hercules Incorporated 1993 Nonemployee Director Stock Accumulation Plan Exhibit 4.1, Registration Statement on Form S-8,
filed July 16, 1993
10-J Hercules Incorporated Deferred Compensation Plan for Nonemployee Exhibit 10-J, Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed
Directors March 26, 1993
10-L Hercules Employee Pension Restoration Plan Exhibit 10-L, Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed
March 26, 1993
10-M Form of Employment Contract between the company and certain directors Exhibit 10-J, Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed
and officers of the company March 29, 1988*
10-N Form of Indemnification Agreement between the company and certain Annex II, Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy
directors and officers of the company Statement Dated February 19, 1987*
10-P Hercules Incorporated Amended and Restated Long Term Incentive Exhibit 10-P, Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed
Compensation Plan March 31, 1995
66
NUMBER DESCRIPTION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE TO
10-Q Credit Agreement, dated October 15, 1998, among the company, Exhibit 10.1, Current Report on Form 8-K, filed
Administrative Agent, and the lender's party thereto October 29, 1998
10-R Forward Underwriting Agreement, dated November 12, 1998, between
NationsBanc Montgomery Securities and Hercules Incorporated
10-S Underwriting Agreement, dated March 12, 1999, among Hercules Exhibit 1.1, Current Report on Form 8-K, dated
Incorporated, Hercules Trust I and the Underwriters named therein March 17, 1999
10-T Employment Agreement effective August 1 1998, between the company
and Vincent J. Corbo
10-U Employment Agreement dated October 15, 1998, between the company and
William R. Cook
21 Subsidiaries of the Registrant Page 52 of 1998 Form 10-K. See Part II, Item 8
23-A Consent of Independent Accountants
27 Financial Data Schedule
* Previously filed as indicated and incorporated herein by reference.
Exhibits incorporated by reference should be located in SEC File No. 1-496.