UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One) | ||
þ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
|
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005 | ||
OR | ||
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
|
For the transition period from to |
Commission File Number 000-26689
FOUNDRY NETWORKS, INC.
Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
77-0431154 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
2100 Gold Street
P.O. Box 649100
San Jose, CA 95164-9100
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(408) 586-1700
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes þ No o
As of May 6, 2005, there were 138,592,646 shares of the registrants common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding.
FOUNDRY NETWORKS, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2
FOUNDRY NETWORKS, INC.
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(unaudited) | (1) | |||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 129,551 | $ | 112,274 | ||||
Short-term investments |
354,840 | 331,202 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of
$3,559 and $3,117 and sales returns of $1,700 and $1,627 at March
31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively |
66,262 | 91,502 | ||||||
Inventories |
40,986 | 38,743 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets |
25,742 | 25,799 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
7,295 | 6,865 | ||||||
Total current assets |
624,676 | 606,385 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net |
8,229 | 8,852 | ||||||
Investments |
172,135 | 173,965 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets |
16,479 | 16,479 | ||||||
Other assets |
5,375 | 5,511 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 826,894 | $ | 811,192 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 17,166 | $ | 18,238 | ||||
Accrued payroll and related expenses |
13,651 | 21,682 | ||||||
Income taxes payable |
7,903 | | ||||||
Other accrued expenses |
8,201 | 8,700 | ||||||
Deferred support revenue |
36,620 | 38,621 | ||||||
Total current liabilities |
83,541 | 87,241 | ||||||
Deferred support revenue |
17,438 | 17,613 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
100,979 | 104,854 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 3) |
||||||||
Stockholders equity: |
||||||||
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value per share: |
||||||||
Authorized 5,000 shares at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004;
None issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2005 and December 31,
2004 |
| | ||||||
Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share: |
||||||||
Authorized 300,000 shares at March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004: |
||||||||
Issued and outstanding 138,436 and 137,226 shares at March 31,
2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively |
14 | 14 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
477,192 | 467,682 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(321 | ) | (451 | ) | ||||
Retained earnings |
249,030 | 239,093 | ||||||
Total stockholders equity |
725,915 | 706,338 | ||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
$ | 826,894 | $ | 811,192 | ||||
(1) | Derived from December 31, 2004 audited consolidated financial statements. |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
FOUNDRY NETWORKS, INC.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||
Net revenues: |
||||||||
Product |
$ | 68,432 | $ | 89,300 | ||||
Service |
16,204 | 14,716 | ||||||
Total net revenues |
84,636 | 104,016 | ||||||
Cost of revenues: |
||||||||
Product |
28,622 | 31,994 | ||||||
Service |
3,313 | 3,126 | ||||||
Total cost of revenues |
31,935 | 35,120 | ||||||
Gross profit |
52,701 | 68,896 | ||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||
Research and development |
12,427 | 10,012 | ||||||
Sales and marketing |
24,582 | 23,168 | ||||||
General and administrative |
5,163 | 5,425 | ||||||
Total operating expenses |
42,172 | 38,605 | ||||||
Income from operations |
10,529 | 30,291 | ||||||
Interest and other income, net |
3,873 | 1,807 | ||||||
Income before provision for income taxes |
14,402 | 32,098 | ||||||
Provision for income taxes |
4,465 | 12,197 | ||||||
Net income |
$ | 9,937 | $ | 19,901 | ||||
Basic net income per share |
$ | 0.07 | $ | 0.15 | ||||
Weighted average shares used in
computing basic net income per share |
137,908 | 133,311 | ||||||
Diluted net income per share |
$ | 0.07 | $ | 0.14 | ||||
Weighted average shares used in
computing diluted net income per share |
141,758 | 143,846 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
FOUNDRY NETWORKS, INC.
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 9,937 | $ | 19,901 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,948 | 1,501 | ||||||
Inventory provisions |
5,404 | 4,626 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets |
57 | (1,671 | ) | |||||
Tax benefit from stock option exercises |
1,081 | 17,296 | ||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts receivable |
25,240 | 3,719 | ||||||
Inventories |
(7,647 | ) | (18,142 | ) | ||||
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
(294 | ) | (963 | ) | ||||
Accounts payable |
(1,072 | ) | 8,297 | |||||
Accrued payroll and related expenses |
(8,031 | ) | (4,430 | ) | ||||
Income taxes payable |
7,903 | (62 | ) | |||||
Other accrued expenses |
(499 | ) | 461 | |||||
Deferred support revenue |
(2,176 | ) | 6,298 | |||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
31,851 | 36,831 | ||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Maturities of short-term investments |
59,019 | 157,709 | ||||||
Purchases of short-term and long-term investments |
(80,827 | ) | (179,169 | ) | ||||
Purchases of property and equipment, net |
(1,325 | ) | (4,360 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(23,133 | ) | (25,820 | ) | ||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
||||||||
Proceeds from issuances of common stock |
8,429 | 22,432 | ||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
8,429 | 22,432 | ||||||
INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
17,147 | 33,443 | ||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash |
130 | 30 | ||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD |
112,274 | 161,718 | ||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD |
$ | 129,551 | $ | 195,191 | ||||
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION: |
||||||||
Cash refund from income taxes, net |
$ | 4,919 | $ | 3,444 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
FOUNDRY NETWORKS, INC.
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by Foundry Networks, Inc. pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and include the accounts of Foundry Networks, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively Foundry or we). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, and the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in Items 7, 7A, and 8, respectively, of the Foundry Networks, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein reflect all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for future quarters or for the year ending December 31, 2005.
Principles of Consolidation and Foreign Currency Translation
Our condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the operations of Foundry and our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries is deemed to be the local countrys currency. Assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate in effect at the applicable balance sheet date, and revenues and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars using average exchange rates prevailing during that period. Translation adjustments have not been material to date and are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income or loss within stockholders equity.
Reclassifications
Certain prior period amounts on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows have been reclassified to conform to the March 31, 2005 presentation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying footnotes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates, judgments and assumptions are used in the recognition of revenue, accounting for allowances for doubtful accounts and sales returns, inventory provisions, product warranty liability, income taxes, deferred tax assets, contingencies and similar items. Estimates, judgments and assumptions are reviewed periodically by management and the effects of revisions are reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements in the period in which they are made.
Cash Equivalents and Investments
6
We consider all investments with original maturities of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of corporate and government debt securities, and cash deposited in checking and money market accounts. Our investment portfolio includes only marketable securities with original maturities of less than two years and with secondary or resale markets.
Investments with original maturities greater than 90 days that mature less than one year from the consolidated balance sheet date are classified as short-term investments. Investments with maturities greater than one year from the consolidated balance sheet date are classified as long-term investments. All of our investments are stated at amortized cost and classified as held-to-maturity.
We monitor our investments for impairment on a quarterly basis and determine whether a decline in fair value is other-than-temporary by considering factors such as current economic and market conditions, the credit rating of the securitys issuer, the length of time an investments fair value has been below our carrying value, and our ability and intent to hold investments to maturity. If an investments decline in fair value is caused by factors other than changes in interest rates and is deemed to be other-than-temporary, we would reduce its carrying value to its estimated fair value, as determined based on quoted market prices or liquidation values. Declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary, if any, are recorded in operations as incurred.
Under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the 1940 Act), a company meeting the definition of an investment company is subject to various legal requirements on its operations. A company may become subject to the 1940 Act if, among other reasons, it owns investment securities with a value exceeding 40 percent of the value of its total assets (excluding government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, unless a particular exemption or safe harbor applies. From time to time, we have invested in municipal bonds. At times, the total value of the investment securities we hold may, and recently has, exceeded 40 percent of total assets. However, we are, and intend to remain, an operating company not in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities. Our efforts are focused almost exclusively on networking equipment products and we intend to continue to conduct business as an operating company, and to take such actions as are necessary to ensure we are not, and are not regulated as, an investment company.
Cash equivalents and investments consist of the following (in thousands):
March 31, 2005 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross | Gross | |||||||||||||||
Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Estimated | |||||||||||||
Cost | Gains | Losses | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
Money market funds |
$ | 92,751 | $ | | $ | | $ | 92,751 | ||||||||
Municipal bonds |
290,248 | 5 | (233 | ) | 290,020 | |||||||||||
Corporate bonds |
8,229 | | (119 | ) | 8,110 | |||||||||||
Government-sponsored enterprise securities |
238,495 | | (2,638 | ) | 235,857 | |||||||||||
$ | 629,723 | $ | 5 | $ | (2,990 | ) | $ | 626,738 | ||||||||
Cash equivalents |
$ | 102,748 | $ | 3 | $ | | $ | 102,751 | ||||||||
Short-term investments |
354,840 | 2 | (1,217 | ) | 353,625 | |||||||||||
Long-term investments |
172,135 | | (1,773 | ) | 170,362 | |||||||||||
$ | 629,723 | $ | 5 | $ | (2,990 | ) | $ | 626,738 | ||||||||
December 31, 2004 | ||||||||||||||||
Gross | Gross | |||||||||||||||
Amortized | Unrealized | Unrealized | Estimated | |||||||||||||
Cost | Gains | Losses | Fair Value | |||||||||||||
Money market funds |
$ | 72,203 | $ | | $ | | $ | 72,203 | ||||||||
Municipal bonds |
288,232 | 5 | (157 | ) | 288,080 | |||||||||||
Corporate bonds |
11,941 | | (58 | ) | 11,883 | |||||||||||
Government-sponsored enterprise securities |
204,994 | 2 | (1,443 | ) | 203,553 | |||||||||||
$ | 577,370 | $ | 7 | $ | (1,658 | ) | $ | 575,719 | ||||||||
Cash equivalents |
$ | 72,203 | $ | | $ | | $ | 72,203 | ||||||||
Short-term investments |
331,202 | 3 | (588 | ) | 330,617 | |||||||||||
Long-term investments |
173,965 | 4 | (1,070 | ) | 172,899 | |||||||||||
$ | 577,370 | $ | 7 | $ | (1,658 | ) | $ | 575,719 | ||||||||
Municipal and corporate bonds. Unrealized losses as of March 31, 2005 on our investments in municipal and corporate bonds were caused by interest rate increases. The contractual terms of the debentures do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. The issuers of our municipal bonds have a credit rating of AAA, and the issuers of our corporate bonds have a credit rating of AA (Moodys and S&P).
7
Government-sponsored enterprise securities (GSEs). Unrealized losses as of March 31, 2005 on our investments in fixed income housing GSEs (i.e., Federal National Mortgage Association and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp.) were caused by interest rate increases. The contractual terms of the investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment. The issuers of our GSEs have a credit rating of AAA.
Because the decline in the market value of our investments is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because we have the ability and intent to hold these investments until a recovery of our amortized cost, which will be at maturity, we do not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2005.
Inventories
Inventories are stated on a first-in, first-out basis at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value, and include purchased parts and subassemblies, labor and manufacturing overhead. Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):
March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Purchased parts |
$ | 10,624 | $ | 11,713 | ||||
Work-in-process |
20,122 | 19,795 | ||||||
Finished goods |
10,240 | 7,235 | ||||||
$ | 40,986 | $ | 38,743 | |||||
The networking industry is characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product introductions, changes in customer requirements, and evolving industry standards. Our inventory purchases and commitments are made based on anticipated demand for our products and our expected service requirements, as estimated by management. We perform an assessment of our inventory each quarter, which includes a review of, among other factors, demand requirements, manufacturing lead-times, product life cycles and development plans, product pricing and quality issues. Based on this analysis, we estimate the amount of excess and obsolete inventory on hand and make adjustments to record inventory at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value. Once inventory has been written down to the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value, it is reflected on our balance sheet at its new carrying value until it is sold or otherwise disposed. Net inventory provisions of $5.4 million and $4.6 million were recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Concentrations
Financial instruments that potentially subject us to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash equivalents, short and long-term investments, and accounts receivable. We seek to reduce credit risk on financial instruments by investing in high-quality debt issuances and, by policy, we limit the amount of credit exposure with any one issuer or fund. Additionally, we grant credit only to customers deemed credit worthy in the judgment of management. As of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, ten customers accounted for approximately 35% and 41%, respectively, of our net outstanding trade receivables.
Proprietary ASICs used in the manufacture of our products are purchased from sole sources. Our custom-designed ASICs may not be readily available from other suppliers as the development period required to fabricate our ASICs can be lengthy. The inability of an ASIC supplier to fulfill our production requirements, or the time required for us to identify new suppliers if a relationship is terminated, could negatively affect our future results of operations.
Revenue Recognition
8
General. We generally sell our products through our direct sales force to domestic customers and through reseller channels to international customers. We generate the majority of our revenue from sales of chassis and stackable-based networking equipment, with the remainder of our revenue coming from customer support fees, training and installation services. We recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery or performance has occurred, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured. Evidence of an arrangement generally consists of customer purchase orders and, in certain instances, sales contracts or agreements. Shipping terms and related documents, or written evidence of customer acceptance, when applicable, are used to verify delivery or performance. We assess whether the sales price is fixed or determinable based on payment terms and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment. We assess collectibility based on the creditworthiness of the customer as determined by our credit checks and the customers payment history with us.
When sales arrangements contain multiple elements (e.g., hardware and installation), we apply the provisions of Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 00-21, Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables (EITF 00-21) to determine the separate units of accounting that exist within the arrangement. If more than one unit of accounting exists, the arrangement consideration is allocated to each unit of accounting using either the relative fair value method or the residual fair value method as prescribed by EITF 00-21. Revenue is recognized for each unit of accounting when the revenue recognition criteria described in the preceding paragraph have been met for that unit of accounting.
Product. Product revenue is generally recognized upon transfer of title, which is generally upon shipment. If an acceptance period or other contingency exists, revenue is recognized upon the earlier of customer acceptance or expiration of the acceptance period, or upon satisfaction of the contingency. Shipping charges billed to customers are included in product revenue and the related shipping costs are included in cost of product revenues.
At the time product revenue is recognized, we estimate the amount of warranty costs to be incurred and record the amount as a cost of product revenue. Our standard warranty period generally extends 12 months from the date of sale, and our estimate of the amount necessary to settle warranty claims is based primarily on our past experience. We also provide for estimated sales returns at the time product revenue is recognized and record that amount as a reduction to product revenue. Our sales return provision is based primarily on historical sales returns and our return policies. Our resellers generally do not have a right of return and our contracts with original equipment manufacturers only provide for rights of return in the event our products do not meet our published specifications or there is an epidemic failure, as defined in the contracts.
Services. Service revenues consist primarily of fees for customer support services and, to a lesser extent, training and installation services. Our suite of customer support programs provides customers access to technical assistance, unspecified software updates on a when-and-if available basis, hardware repair and replacement parts.
Support services are offered under renewable, fee-based contracts. Revenue from customer support contracts is deferred and recognized ratably over the contractual support period, in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Technical Bulletin 90-1, Accounting for Separately Priced Extended Warranty and Product Maintenance Contracts. Support contracts generally range from one to five years.
Revenue from training and installation services is recognized when services have been performed, and represented less than 1% of total revenues for all periods presented.
Segment and Geographic Information
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. We are organized as, and operate in, one reportable segment: the design, development, manufacturing, marketing and sale of a comprehensive, end-to-end suite of high-performance data networking solutions, including Ethernet Layer 2 and Layer 3 switches, Metro routers and Internet traffic management products. Our chief operating decision-making group reviews consolidated financial information, accompanied by information about revenues by geographic region and configuration type. We do not assess the performance of our geographic regions on other measures of income or expense, such as gross margin or net
9
income. In addition, our assets are primarily located in our corporate office in the United States and not allocated to any specific region. Therefore, geographic information is presented only for net product revenue.
We manage our business based on four geographic regions: the Americas (primarily the United States); Europe, the Middle East, and Africa (EMEA); Japan; and Asia Pacific. Our foreign offices conduct sales, marketing and support activities. Because some of our customers, such as the U.S. Federal government and multinational companies, span various geographic locations, we determine revenues by geographic region based on the billing location of the customer.
Net product revenue by region as a percentage of net product revenue was as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Americas |
64 | % | 63 | % | ||||
EMEA |
17 | % | 21 | % | ||||
Japan |
13 | % | 9 | % | ||||
Asia Pacific |
6 | % | 7 | % |
Sales to the U.S. federal government accounted for approximately 17% and 32% of our total revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Net product revenue from customers representing 10% or more of net product revenue for the respective periods was as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Customer A |
11 | % | < 10 | % | ||||
Customer B |
< 10 | % | 13 | % |
Computation of Per Share Amounts
Basic earnings per share (EPS) has been calculated using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS has been calculated using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period and potentially dilutive weighted-average common stock equivalents. Weighted-average common stock equivalents include the potentially dilutive effect of in-the-money stock options, determined based on the average share price for each period using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the tax-effected proceeds that would be received assuming the exercise of all in-the-money stock options are assumed to be used to repurchase shares in the open market. Certain common stock equivalents were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS because the exercise price of these common stock equivalents was greater than the average market price of the common stock for the respective period and, therefore, their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. There were 13.6 million and 1.1 million anti-dilutive common stock equivalents for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
10
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(In thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||
Net income |
$ | 9,937 | $ | 19,901 | ||||
Basic: |
||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding |
137,908 | 133,311 | ||||||
Basic EPS |
$ | 0.07 | $ | 0.15 | ||||
Diluted: |
||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding |
137,908 | 133,311 | ||||||
Add: Weighted average dilutive
potential shares |
3,850 | 10,535 | ||||||
Weighted average shares used in
computing diluted EPS |
141,758 | 143,846 | ||||||
Diluted EPS |
$ | 0.07 | $ | 0.14 | ||||
Stock-Based Compensation
As permitted by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (SFAS 123), we follow the intrinsic value method of accounting for employee stock options as prescribed by Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. Accordingly, we recognize compensation expense if options are granted with an exercise price below fair market value at the date of grant or if in-the-money options are modified subsequent to the date of grant. Any resulting compensation expense is recognized either ratably over the vesting period or using variable accounting over the period from the date of modification to exercise or cancellation of the award.
We currently grant stock options under several stock option plans that allow for the granting of non-qualified and incentive stock options to our employees and directors. Stock options generally vest ratably over two to five years from the date of grant and have a term of five to ten years. We also have an employee stock purchase plan that allows eligible employees to purchase shares of our common stock at 85% of the lower of the fair market value of the common stock at the beginning of each offering period or at the end of each purchase period through payroll deductions that may not exceed 20% of an employees compensation.
The following table illustrates the effect on reported net income and earnings per share had we accounted for our employee stock options and employee stock purchase plan under the fair value method prescribed by SFAS 123.
11
Three Months Ended | ||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||
Net income as reported |
$ | 9,937 | $ | 19,901 | ||||
Deduct: Total stock-based
compensation expense
determined using fair value
method for all awards, net
of related tax effect |
(10,009 | ) | (8,469 | ) | ||||
Pro forma net income (loss) |
$ | (72 | ) | $ | 11,432 | |||
Basic net income per share: |
||||||||
As reported |
$ | 0.07 | $ | 0.15 | ||||
Pro forma |
$ | 0.00 | $ | 0.09 | ||||
Diluted net income per share: |
||||||||
As reported |
$ | 0.07 | $ | 0.14 | ||||
Pro forma |
$ | 0.00 | $ | 0.08 |
We estimate the fair value of our stock options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which is the most commonly used model for purposes of disclosure pursuant to SFAS 123. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model includes assumptions regarding expected stock price volatility, option lives, dividend yields, and risk-free interest rates. These assumptions reflect our best estimates, but involve uncertainties based on market conditions generally outside of our control.
The following weighted-average assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of option grants and employee stock purchase plan purchase rights. Expected volatility assumptions were based on the historical volatility of our common stock over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected life of our stock options. We base the expected life assumption on historical experience as well as the terms and vesting periods of the options granted.
Three Months | ||||||||
Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Stock Option Plan: |
||||||||
Average risk free interest rate |
3.57 | % | 2.62 | % | ||||
Average expected life of option |
3.3 years | 4.0 years | ||||||
Dividend yield |
0 | % | 0 | % | ||||
Volatility of common stock |
66 | % | 75 | % |
Three Months | ||||||||
Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Employee Stock Purchase Plan: |
||||||||
Average risk free interest rate |
2.37 | % | 1.24 | % | ||||
Average expected life of option |
1.3 years | 1.4 years | ||||||
Dividend yield |
0 | % | 0 | % | ||||
Volatility of common stock |
65 | % | 65 | % |
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (SFAS 123R), which replaces SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (SFAS 123) and supercedes APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. SFAS 123R also amends SFAS No. 95, Statement of Cash Flows, to require that tax benefits from stock option exercises be classified as a financing activity, instead of an operating activity, on the statement of cash flows. SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements based on their fair values, beginning on January 1, 2006 for calendar year companies.
SFAS 123R permits companies to adopt its requirements using either a modified prospective method, or a modified retrospective method. Under the modified prospective method, compensation cost for the unvested portion of awards that are outstanding as of the adoption date will be recognized over the remaining service period. The compensation cost for that unvested portion of awards will be based on the grant-date fair value of those awards as calculated for pro forma disclosures under Statement 123, as originally issued. All new awards and awards that are modified, repurchased, or cancelled after the adoption date will be accounted for under the provisions of SFAS 123R. Under the modified retrospective method, the requirements are the same as under the modified prospective method, but also permits entities to restate financial statements of previous periods based on pro forma disclosures made in accordance with SFAS 123. We will adopt SFAS 123R effective January 1, 2006, based on the new effective date announced by the SEC. We have not yet determined the method of adoption or the effect of adopting SFAS 123R, nor have we determined whether the adoption will result in amounts that are similar to the current pro forma disclosures under SFAS 123. However, we expect its adoption to have a material effect on our consolidated results of operations.
2. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME OR LOSS
Comprehensive income or loss is defined as the change in equity of an enterprise excluding changes resulting from stockholder transactions. Non-net income components of comprehensive income or loss for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 were insignificant and consisted entirely of foreign currency translation adjustments.
3. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Guarantees and Product Warranties
FASB Interpretation No. 45, Guarantors Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others (FIN 45), requires that upon issuance of a guarantee, the guarantor must disclose and record a liability for the fair value of the obligation it assumes under that guarantee. FIN 45 is applicable to our product warranty liability and indemnification obligations contained in commercial agreements, including customary intellectual property indemnifications for our products contained in agreements with our resellers and end-users.
We generally provide customers with a standard one-year hardware and 90-day software warranty. Our warranty accrual represents our best estimate of the amount necessary to settle future and existing claims as of the balance sheet date. We periodically assess the adequacy of our warranty accrual and adjust the amount as considered necessary.
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Changes in product warranty liability for the three months ended March 31, 2005 were as follows:
Balance, December 31, 2004 |
$ | 1,498 | ||
Liabilities accrued for warranties issued during the period |
188 | |||
Warranty claims settled during the period |
(154 | ) | ||
Expirations and changes in estimates |
(132 | ) | ||
Balance, March 31, 2005 |
$ | 1,400 | ||
We offer our customers renewable support arrangements, including extended warranties, that generally range from one to five years. We do not separate extended warranty revenues from routine support service revenues, as it is not practical to do so. The change in our deferred support revenue balance was as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2005:
Balance, December 31, 2004 |
$ | 56,234 | ||
Additions to deferred support revenue |
13,568 | |||
Recognition of support revenue |
(15,744 | ) | ||
Balance, March 31, 2005 |
$ | 54,058 | ||
In the ordinary course of business, we enter into contractual arrangements under which we may agree to indemnify the counter-party from losses relating to a breach of representations and warranties, a failure to perform certain covenants, or claims and losses arising from certain external events as outlined within the particular contract, which may include, for example, losses arising from litigation or claims relating to past performance. Such indemnification clauses may not be subject to maximum loss clauses. No amounts are reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2005 or December 31, 2004 related to these indemnifications as, historically, payments made related to these indemnifications have not been material to our consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Purchase Commitments with Suppliers and Third-Party Manufacturers
We use contract manufacturers to assemble certain parts for our chassis products. We also utilize third-party OEMs to manufacture certain Foundry-branded products. In order to reduce manufacturing lead-times and ensure an adequate supply of inventories, our agreements with some of these manufacturers allow them to procure long lead-time component inventory on our behalf based on a rolling production forecast provided by us. We are contractually obligated to purchase long lead-time component inventory procured by certain manufacturers in accordance with our forecasts although we can generally give notice of order cancellation at least 90 days prior to the delivery date. In addition, we issue purchase orders to our component suppliers and third-party manufacturers that may not be cancelable at any time. As of March 31, 2005, we had approximately $36.6 million of open purchase orders with our component suppliers and third-party manufacturers that may not be cancelable.
Lease Commitments
We lease our facilities and office buildings under operating leases that expire at various dates through April 2011. Our headquarters for corporate administration, research and development, sales and marketing, and manufacturing occupy approximately 110,000 square feet of space in San Jose, California. In March 2005, we entered into a lease agreement for 141,000 square feet of additional office space in Santa Clara, California. The lease expires in 2010. We will continue to utilize the San Jose location for our manufacturing operations and our corporate administration, research and development, and sales and marketing functions will move to Santa Clara. Rent expense for the Santa Clara office space will initially be approximately $1.6 million per year, beginning April 1, 2005, with annual increases of approximately 5% in subsequent years. See also Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results Of Operations Contractual Commitments for a tabular disclosure of our lease commitments.
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Litigation
We are a defendant in a class action lawsuit filed on November 27, 2001 in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (the Court) on behalf of purchasers of our common stock alleging violations of federal securities laws. The case was designated as In re Foundry Networks, Inc. Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation, No. 01-CV-10640 (SAS) (S.D.N.Y.), related to In re Initial Public Offering Securities Litigation, No. 21 MC 92 (SAS) (S.D.N.Y.). The case is brought purportedly on behalf of all persons who purchased our common stock from September 27, 1999 through December 6, 2000. The operative amended complaint names as defendants us and three of our officers (Foundry Defendants), including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer; and investment banking firms that served as underwriters for our initial public offering in September 1999. The amended complaint alleged violations of Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, on the grounds that the registration statement for the initial public offering (IPO) failed to disclose that (i) the underwriters agreed to allow certain customers to purchase shares in the IPO in exchange for excess commissions to be paid to the underwriters, and (ii) the underwriters arranged for certain customers to purchase additional shares in the aftermarket at predetermined prices. The amended complaint also alleges that false or misleading analyst reports were issued. Similar allegations were made in lawsuits challenging over 300 other initial public offerings conducted in 1999 and 2000. The cases were consolidated for pretrial purposes.
On February 19, 2003, the Court ruled on all defendants motions to dismiss. In ruling on motions to dismiss, the Court must treat the allegations in the complaint as if they were true solely for purposes of deciding the motions. The motion was denied as to claims under the Securities Act of 1933 in the case involving us. The same ruling was made in all but 10 of the other cases. The Court dismissed the claims under Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 against us and one of the individual defendants and dismissed all of the Section 20(a) control person claims. The Court denied the motion to dismiss the Section 10(b) claims against our remaining individual defendants on the basis that those defendants allegedly sold our stock following the IPO, allegations found sufficient purely for pleading purposes to allow those claims to move forward. A similar ruling was made with respect to 62 individual defendants in the other cases. We have accepted a settlement proposal presented to all issuer defendants. Under the terms of this settlement, plaintiffs will dismiss and release all claims against the Foundry Defendants in exchange for a contingent payment by the insurance companies collectively responsible for insuring the issuers in all of the IPO cases and for the assignment or surrender of control of certain claims we may have against the underwriters. The settlement requires approval by the Court. In February 2005, the Court granted tentative approval to the terms of the proposed settlement. We re-evaluated the proposed settlement in light of the Courts ruling and have accepted the proposed settlement. The settlement must still receive final approval from the court following notice to class members and an opportunity for them and others affected by the settlement to object. There can be no assurance that the settlement will receive final approval. Litigation between the plaintiffs and underwriters is proceeding. Both plaintiffs and underwriters agreed to select a number of test cases from among the approximately 300 cases against the issuers. We have been notified that we were selected as one of the test cases. We expect we will receive requests for discovery in the test case.
In May 2003, Lucent Technologies Inc. (Lucent) filed a lawsuit against us in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware alleging that certain of our products infringe several of Lucents patents and seeking injunctive relief, as well as unspecified damages. Lucent also brought suit on the same patents (and one additional patent) against one of our competitors, Extreme Networks, Inc. On February 6, 2004, the District Court severed the two cases. Fact discovery is now closed. A Markman claim construction hearing was held on January 14, 2005. On April 15, 2005 the Court issued its order construing the claims. On February 28, 2005, the parties filed summary judgment motions. Trial in the matter is expected to begin in November 2005. We have analyzed the validity of Lucents claims and believe that Lucents suit is without merit. We are committed to vigorously defending ourselves against Lucents claims.
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On February 13, 2004, we filed a lawsuit against Lucent in the United States District Court, Eastern District of Texas, Marshall Division. The lawsuit alleges that certain of Lucents products infringe one of our patents. We are seeking injunctive relief and damages. On March 22, 2004, Lucent filed an Answer and Counter Claim seeking a declaration of invalidity as to our asserted patent. On April 9, 2004, Lucent filed an Amended Answer and Counter Claim asserting infringement of another of Lucents patents. We have analyzed the validity of Lucents counter claim and believe it is without merit. Discovery has begun and is scheduled to close on June 17, 2005. A Markman hearing was held on March 24, 2005, and the parties are awaiting the results of that hearing. Trial is scheduled to begin August 1, 2005.
From time to time, we are subject to other legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business, including claims of alleged infringement of trademarks, copyrights, patents and other intellectual property rights. From time to time, third parties assert patent infringement claims against us in the form of letters, lawsuits and other forms of communication. In addition, from time to time, we receive notification from customers claiming that they are entitled to indemnification or other obligations from us related to infringement claims made against them by third parties. Regardless of the merits of our position, litigation is always an expensive and uncertain proposition. In accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies (SFAS 5), we record a liability when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. We review the need for any such liability on a quarterly basis and record any necessary adjustments to reflect the effect of ongoing negotiations, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and events pertaining to a particular case in the period they become known. At March 31, 2005, we have not recorded any such liabilities in accordance with SFAS 5. We believe we have valid defenses with respect to the legal matters pending against us. In the event of a determination adverse to us, we could incur substantial monetary liability and be required to change our business practices. Any unfavorable determination could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
4. INCOME TAXES
Our interim effective income tax rate is based on our best estimate of our annual effective income tax rate. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 was 31% and 38%, respectively. These rates reflect applicable federal and state tax rates, offset by research and development tax credits, export sales incentives, and tax-exempt interest income. The lower effective tax rate of 31% in the first quarter of 2005 was due to the effect of lower estimated pre-tax income in 2005 and significantly higher estimated tax-exempt interest income for 2005.
Our income taxes payable for federal and state purposes have been reduced by the tax benefits associated with taxable dispositions of employee stock options. When an employee exercises a stock option issued under a nonqualified plan or has a disqualifying disposition related to a qualified plan, we receive an income tax benefit for the difference between the fair market value of the stock issued at the time of exercise or disposition and the option price, tax effected. These benefits are recorded in stockholders equity and were $1.1 million and $17.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Management believes Foundry will likely generate sufficient taxable income in the future to realize the tax benefits arising from its existing net deferred tax assets of $42.2 million at March 31, 2005.
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Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including, but not limited to, those discussed in the section entitled Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsRisk Factors That May Affect Future Results and the Market Price of Our Stock. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect managements opinions only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements. Readers should carefully review the risk factors described in this document as well as in other documents we file from time to time with the SEC. All public reports filed by us with the SEC are available free of charge on our website at www.foundrynetworks.com or from the SEC at www.sec.gov as soon as practicable after we electronically file such reports with the SEC.
Overview
Founded in 1996, Foundry designs, develops, manufactures and markets a comprehensive, end-to-end suite of high performance data networking solutions, including Ethernet Layer 2 and Layer 3 switches, Metro routers, and Internet traffic management products. Our customers include U.S. government agencies, universities, e-commerce sites, and enterprises such as healthcare, financial, manufacturing and entertainment companies, as well as Internet and Metro service providers.
Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates
Managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period reported. By their nature, these estimates and judgments are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience, market trends, and other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The results of these estimates form the basis for judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Management believes critical accounting policies as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 reflect the more significant judgments and estimates used in preparation of our financial statements. Management has discussed the development, selection, and disclosure of these estimates with the Audit Committee of Foundrys Board of Directors. Management believes there have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the three months ended March 31, 2005 compared to those discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Results of Operations
Net Revenues
We offer products in two configuration platforms, a fixed configuration stackable and a flexible configuration chassis. A stackable has a fixed configuration that cannot be altered. A chassis uses a modular platform that can be populated and reconfigured with various management and line card modules as frequently as desired by the customer. For example, customers can use our chassis products at the edge of their network and then reconfigure the chassis to be used in the backbone or core of their network. Our selling prices and gross margins on chassis-based
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products are generally higher than our stackable products because of the flexible configuration offered by chassis-based products.
Net revenue information is as follows (dollars in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||
% of | % of | |||||||||||||||||||
$ | Revenues | $ | Revenues | % Change | ||||||||||||||||
Net revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Product |
$ | 68,432 | 81 | % | $ | 89,300 | 86 | % | (23.4 | %) | ||||||||||
Service |
16,204 | 19 | % | 14,716 | 14 | % | 10.1 | % | ||||||||||||
Total net revenues |
$ | 84,636 | 100 | % | $ | 104,016 | 100 | % | (18.6 | %) | ||||||||||
Chassis |
$ | 54,167 | 64 | % | $ | 83,213 | 80 | % | (34.9 | %) | ||||||||||
Stackable |
30,469 | 36 | % | 20,803 | 20 | % | 46.5 | % | ||||||||||||
Total net revenues |
$ | 84,636 | 100 | % | $ | 104,016 | 100 | % | (18.6 | %) | ||||||||||
We manage our business based on four geographic regions: the Americas (primarily the United States); Europe, the Middle East, and Africa (EMEA); Japan; and Asia Pacific. Because some of our customers, such as the U.S. Federal government and multinational companies, span various geographic locations, we determine revenues by geographic region based on the billing location of the customer. Net product revenue by region as a percentage of net product revenue was as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Americas |
64 | % | 63 | % | ||||
EMEA |
17 | % | 21 | % | ||||
Japan |
13 | % | 9 | % | ||||
Asia Pacific |
6 | % | 7 | % |
Net product revenues decreased 23% in the first quarter of 2005, as compared to the first quarter of 2004, primarily due to a significant decline in sales to the U.S. Federal government, decreased demand in Europe, and a shift in sales mix to lower-priced stackable products. Sales to the U.S. Federal government accounted for approximately 17% of total revenues in the first quarter of 2005, down from 32% in the first quarter of 2004, as a result of reduced Federal funding for IT projects. Product sales in the EMEA region decreased 37% in the first quarter of 2005, as compared to the first quarter of 2004, primarily due to weaker than expected sales in France and the United Kingdom. This substantial decline was primarily due to the completion of several large customer network deployments in the first quarter of 2004. The decrease in sales in the EMEA region was partially offset by stronger sales to Japan. Product sales to Japan increased 16% in the first quarter of 2005. Our product sales volume, as measured in units sold, in the first quarter of 2005 declined approximately 10% from the first quarter last year and our average selling prices continued to decline in the first quarter of 2005 due to sluggish capital spending and a heightened competitive pricing environment dominated by Cisco Systems, Inc. Although recent macro-economic indicators appear to demonstrate signs of an economic recovery, many of our customers continue to closely monitor and limit expenditures on information technologies.
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Service revenues consist primarily of revenue from customer support contracts. Service revenues increased 10% due to a larger installed base of our networking equipment. Our customer base grew from 6,500 customers at the end of 2003 to 7,800 customers at the end of 2004.
Net product revenue from customers representing 10% or more of net product revenue was as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Customer A |
11 | % | < 10 | % | ||||
Customer B |
< 10 | % | 13 | % |
Gross Margins
The following table presents gross margins and the related gross margin percentages (dollars in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||
Gross | Gross | |||||||||||||||
$ | Margin % | $ | Margin % | |||||||||||||
Gross margins: |
||||||||||||||||
Product |
$ | 39,810 | 58 | % | $ | 57,306 | 64 | % | ||||||||
Service |
12,891 | 80 | % | 11,590 | 79 | % | ||||||||||
Total gross margins |
$ | 52,701 | 62 | % | $ | 68,896 | 66 | % | ||||||||
Our cost of product revenue consists primarily of material, labor, manufacturing overhead, freight, warranty costs, and provisions for excess and obsolete inventory. The decrease in product gross margins as a percentage of net product revenue in the first quarter of 2005 was due to lower average selling prices caused by a more competitive pricing environment, a shift in product mix to lower margin stackable products, and, to a lesser extent, higher inventory provisions. During the first quarter of 2005, our product mix shifted from higher-margin chassis products to lower-margin stackable products due to the introduction of several new families of Layer 2/3, Layer 4-7, and access router stackable products in the latter half of 2004. Sales of our stackable products represented 36% of total revenues for the first quarter of 2005, versus 20% for the first quarter of 2004. Net inventory provisions increased $1.0 million in the first quarter of 2005, compared to the first quarter of 2004.
Our cost of service revenues consists primarily of costs of providing services under customer support contracts. These costs include materials, labor, and overhead. Service gross margins typically experience variability due to the timing of technical support service initiations and renewals and additional investments in our customer support infrastructure.
Our gross margins may be adversely affected by increased price competition, component shortages, increases in material or labor costs, excess and obsolete inventory charges, changes in channels of distribution, or customer, product and geographic mix. See also Risk Factors That May Affect Future Results and Market Price of StockOur gross margins may decline over time and the average selling prices of our products may decrease as a result of competitive pressures and other factors.
Operating Expenses
The following table presents operating expenses (dollars in thousands):
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Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||
% of | % of | |||||||||||||||||||
$ | Revenues | $ | Revenues | % Change | ||||||||||||||||
Research and Development |
$ | 12,427 | 15 | % | $ | 10,012 | 10 | % | 24.1 | % | ||||||||||
Sales and Marketing |
24,582 | 29 | % | 23,168 | 22 | % | 6.1 | % | ||||||||||||
General and Administrative |
5,163 | 6 | % | 5,425 | 5 | % | (4.8 | %) |
Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and related personnel expenses, prototype materials, costs incurred for the development of our ASICs, software development and testing costs, and depreciation of equipment used in research and development activities. The increase of $2.4 million in the first quarter of 2005 was primarily due to increased payroll costs associated with a 19% increase in headcount from 163 engineers in the first quarter of 2004 to 194 engineers in 2005 and, to a lesser extent, increases in prototype expenses and depreciation on test equipment. We believe that investments in research and development, including the recruiting and hiring of engineers, are critical to our ability to remain competitive in the marketplace.
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries, commissions and related expenses for personnel engaged in marketing, sales and customer service functions, as well as trade shows, advertising, promotional expenses and the cost of facilities. The increase of $1.4 million in the first quarter of 2005 was primarily due to increased payroll costs associated with a 7% increase in our sales personnel from 245 sales representatives and systems engineers in the first quarter of 2004 to 261 in the first quarter of 2005.
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses for executive, finance and administrative personnel, facilities, bad debt, legal, and other general corporate expenses. The slight decrease in absolute dollars in the first quarter of 2005 was due to lower legal fees, as compared to the first quarter of 2004.
Interest and other income, net
We earn interest income on funds maintained in interest-bearing money market and investment accounts. We recorded interest and other income of $3.9 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The increase was primarily due to increased average investment balances and higher interest rates. Our total cash and investments increased $95.9 million, or 17%, from March 31, 2004 to March 31, 2005.
Income Taxes
Our effective income tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 were 31% and 38%, respectively. The lower effective tax rate of 31% in the first quarter of 2005 was due to the effect of lower estimated pre-tax income in 2005 and significantly higher tax-exempt interest income in 2005.
Our income taxes payable for federal and state purposes have been reduced, and stockholders equity increased, by the tax benefits associated with taxable dispositions of employee stock options. When an employee exercises a stock option issued under a nonqualified plan, or has a disqualifying disposition related to a qualified plan, we receive an income tax benefit for the difference between the fair market value of the stock issued at the time of the exercise or disposition and the employees option price, tax effected. These benefits are recorded in stockholders equity and were $1.1 million and $17.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At March 31, 2005, we had cash and investments of $656.5 million, an increase of $39.1 million from $617.4 million at December 31, 2004. In the first quarter of 2005, we generated $31.9 million of cash from operations, which principally reflects net income of $9.9 million and a $25.2 million decrease in accounts receivable associated with lower sales in the first quarter of 2005 and the collection of annual support renewals that were billed in
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December 2004. The remaining increase in cash and investments can be attributed primarily to $8.4 million of proceeds from issuances of common stock.
Net inventories increased $2.2 million during the first quarter of 2005. In the fourth quarter of 2004 and early 2005, we increased our inventory levels in anticipation of higher sales volume in 2005. However, product revenues in the first quarter of 2005 were significantly lower than anticipated. As a result, annualized inventory turnover decreased from approximately 3.5 for the three months ended December 31, 2004 to 2.8 for the three months ended March 31, 2005.
Accounts receivable, net of allowances, decreased $25.2 million from the end of 2004 to $66.3 million as of March 31, 2005. Our accounts receivable and days sales outstanding (DSO) are primarily affected by shipment linearity, collections performance, and timing of support contract renewals. DSO, calculated based on annualized revenues for the most recent quarter ended and net accounts receivable as of the balance sheet date, decreased to 71 days as of March 31, 2005 from 79 days as of December 31, 2004. The decrease in DSO was primarily due to a significant concentration of annual support contracts that were renewed during the fourth quarter of 2004, with little or no revenue contribution in 2004.
Although it is difficult for us to predict future liquidity requirements with certainty, we believe our existing cash balances and anticipated funds from operations will satisfy our cash requirements for at least the next 12 months. Key factors affecting our cash flows include our ability to effectively manage our working capital, in particular, inventories and accounts receivable, and future demand for our products and related pricing. We may incur higher capital expenditures in the near future to expand our operations. Although we do not have any current plans or commitments to do so, we may from time to time consider the acquisition of products or businesses complementary to our business. Any acquisition or investment may require additional capital.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
Other than operating leases of facilities, we do not maintain any off-balance sheet transactions, arrangements, or obligations that are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, or capital resources.
Contractual Commitments
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of March 31, 2005 and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future periods (in thousands):
Less Than | 1-3 | More | ||||||||||||||
Total | 1 Year | Years | Than 3 Years | |||||||||||||
Operating leases- facilities |
$ | 17,453 | $ | 4,264 | $ | 9,941 | $ | 3,248 | ||||||||
Inventory purchase commitments |
36,639 | 36,639 | | | ||||||||||||
Total contractual cash obligations |
$ | 54,092 | $ | 40,903 | $ | 9,941 | $ | 3,248 | ||||||||
For purposes of the above table, contractual obligations for the purchase of goods or services are defined as agreements that are enforceable, legally binding on us, and that subject us to penalties if we cancel the agreements. Our purchase commitments are based on our short-term manufacturing needs and are fulfilled by our vendors within short time horizons. Operating lease obligations represent the minimum lease rental payments under non-cancelable leases for our office space in various locations around the world that expire at various dates through 2011. In March 2005, we entered into a lease agreement for 141,000 square feet of additional office space in Santa Clara, California. The lease expires in 2010. We will continue to utilize the San Jose location for our manufacturing operations and our corporate administration, research and development, and sales and marketing functions will move to Santa Clara. Rent expense for the Santa Clara office space will initially be approximately $1.6 million per year, beginning April 1, 2005, with annual increases of approximately 5% in subsequent years.
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Indemnifications
In the ordinary course of business, we enter into contractual arrangements under which we may agree to indemnify the counter-party from losses relating to a breach of representations and warranties, a failure to perform certain covenants, or claims and losses arising from certain external events as outlined within the particular contract, which may include, for example, losses arising from litigation or claims relating to past performance. Such indemnification clauses may not be subject to maximum loss clauses. No amounts are reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements as of March 31, 2005 or December 31, 2004 related to these indemnifications as, historically, payments made related to these indemnifications have not been material to our financial position or results of operations.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (SFAS 123R), which replaces SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (SFAS 123) and supercedes APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. SFAS 123R also amends SFAS No. 95, Statement of Cash Flows, to require that tax benefits from stock option exercises be classified as a financing activity, instead of an operating activity, on the statement of cash flows. SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements based on their fair values, beginning on January 1, 2006 for calendar year companies.
SFAS 123R permits companies to adopt its requirements using either a modified prospective method, or a modified retrospective method. Under the modified prospective method, compensation cost for the unvested portion of awards that are outstanding as of the adoption date will be recognized over the remaining service period. The compensation cost for that unvested portion of awards will be based on the grant-date fair value of those awards as calculated for pro forma disclosures under Statement 123, as originally issued. All new awards and awards that are modified, repurchased, or cancelled after the adoption date will be accounted for under the provisions of SFAS 123R. Under the modified retrospective method, the requirements are the same as under the modified prospective method, but also permits entities to restate financial statements of previous periods based on proforma disclosures made in accordance with SFAS 123. We will adopt SFAS 123R effective January 1, 2006, based on the new effective date announced by the SEC. We have not yet determined the method of adoption or the effect of adopting SFAS 123R, nor have we determined whether the adoption will result in amounts that are similar to the current pro forma disclosures under SFAS 123. However, we expect its adoption to have a material effect on our consolidated results of operations.
Risk Factors That May Affect Future Results and the Market Price of Our Stock
Weak economic and market conditions or geopolitical turmoil may adversely affect our revenues, gross margins and expenses. |
Our quarterly revenues and operating results may continue to fluctuate due to the effects of general economic conditions in the United States and globally, and, in particular, market conditions in the communications and networking industries. Additionally, current political turmoil in many parts of the world, including terrorist and military actions, may weaken the global economy. If economic conditions in the United States and globally do not improve, or if they worsen, we may experience material negative effects on our business, operating results and financial condition. There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain or improve our financial results or that economic and market conditions will continue to improve and will not deteriorate.
Although our customer base has increased, we still depend on large, recurring purchases from certain significant customers, and a loss, cancellation or delay in purchases by these customers could negatively affect our revenue. |
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Sales to our ten largest customers accounted for 39% and 42% of net product revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The loss of continued orders from any of our more significant customers, such as the U.S. government or individual agencies within the U.S. government, Mitsui, or Hewlett Packard, could cause our revenue and profitability to suffer. Our ability to attract new customers will depend on a variety of factors, including the cost-effectiveness, reliability, scalability, breadth and depth of our products.
Although our financial performance may depend on large, recurring orders from certain customers and resellers, we do not generally have binding commitments from them. For example:
| our reseller agreements generally do not require minimum purchases; | |||
| our customers can stop purchasing and our resellers can stop marketing our products at any time; and | |||
| our reseller agreements generally are not exclusive and are for one-year terms, with no obligation of the resellers to renew the agreements. |
Because our expenses are based on our revenue forecasts, a substantial reduction or delay in sales of our products to, or unexpected returns from, customers and resellers, or the loss of any significant customer or reseller, could harm our business. Although our largest customers may vary from period to period, we anticipate that our operating results for any given period will continue to depend on large orders from a small number of customers. In addition, a change in the mix of our customers, or a change in the mix of direct and indirect sales, could adversely affect our revenues and gross margins.
The United States government is a significant customer and has been one key to our financial success. However, government demand is unpredictable and there is no guarantee of future contract awards. |
As part of the changing economic environment, the United States government has become an important customer for the networking industry, and for us in particular. The process of becoming a qualified government vendor, especially for high-security projects, takes considerable time and effort, and the timing of contract awards and deployment of our products are hard to predict. Typically, six to twelve months may elapse between the initial evaluation of our systems by governmental agencies and the execution of a contract. The revenue stream from these contracts is hard to predict and may be materially uneven between quarters. Government agency contracts are frequently awarded only after formal competitive bidding processes, which are often protracted and may contain provisions that permit cancellation in the event funds are unavailable to the government agency. Even if we are awarded contracts, substantial delays or cancellations of purchases could result from protests initiated by losing bidders. In addition, government agencies are subject to budgetary processes and expenditure constraints that could lead to delays or decreased capital expenditures in certain areas. If we fail to win significant government contract awards, if the government or individual agencies within the government terminate or reduce the scope and value of our existing contracts, or if the government fails to reduce the budget deficit, our financial results may be harmed. Additionally, government orders may be subject to priority requirements that may affect scheduled shipments to our other customers.
Because our financial results are difficult to predict and may fluctuate significantly, we may not meet quarterly financial expectations, which could cause our stock price to decline. |
Our quarterly revenues and operating results are difficult to predict and may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter. Delays in generating or recognizing revenues could cause our quarterly operating results to be below the expectations of public market analysts or investors, which could cause the price of our common stock to fall. We recently decided to discontinue providing guidance. In the future, we may begin to provide guidance again, but could again discontinue the practice if we believe the business outlook is too uncertain to predict. Any such decision could cause our stock price to decline.
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We may experience a delay in generating or recognizing revenue for a number of reasons. Unfulfilled orders at the beginning of each quarter are typically substantially less than our expected revenue for that quarter. Therefore, we depend on obtaining orders in a quarter for shipment in that quarter to achieve our revenue objectives. In addition, our reseller agreements typically allow the reseller to delay scheduled delivery dates without penalty. Moreover, demand for our products may fluctuate as a result of seasonality. For example, sales to the U.S. government are typically stronger in the third calendar quarter and demand from European customers is generally weaker in the summer months.
Orders are generally cancelable at any time prior to shipment. Reasons for cancellation could include our inability to deliver products within the customers specified timeframe due to component shortages or high priority government orders that take precedence to commercial enterprise orders, as well as other reasons.
Our revenues for a particular period may also be difficult to predict and may be adversely affected if we experience a non-linear (back-end loaded) sales pattern during the period. We typically experience significantly higher levels of sales towards the end of a period as a result of customers submitting their orders late in the period or as a result of manufacturing issues or component shortages which may delay shipments. Such non-linearity in shipments can increase costs, as irregular shipment patterns result in periods of underutilized capacity and additional costs associated with higher inventory levels, inventory planning and management. Furthermore, orders received towards the end of the period may not ship within the period due to our manufacturing lead times.
In addition, we may incur increased costs and expenses related to sales and marketing, including expansion of our direct sales operations and distribution channels, product marketing, customer support, expansion of our corporate infrastructure, legal matters, and facilities expansion. We base our operating expenses on anticipated revenue levels, and a high percentage of our expenses are fixed in the short-term. As a result, any significant shortfall in revenue relative to our expectations could cause a significant decline in our quarterly operating results.
Because of the uncertain nature of the economic environment and rapidly changing market we serve, period-to-period comparisons of operating results may not be meaningful. In addition, you may not be able to rely on prior results for any period as an indication of future performance. In the future, our revenue may remain the same, decrease or increase, and we may not be able to sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. As a consequence, operating results for a particular quarter are extremely difficult to predict.
Intense competition in the market for network solutions could prevent us from maintaining or increasing revenue and sustaining profitability. |
The market for network solutions is intensely competitive. In particular, Cisco Systems, Inc. maintains a dominant position in this market and several of its products compete directly with our products. Ciscos substantial resources and market dominance have enabled it to reduce prices on its products within a short period of time following the introduction of these products, which reduces margins and, therefore, the profitability of its competitors. Purchasers of networking solutions may choose Ciscos products because of its longer operating history, broader product line and strong reputation in the networking market. In addition, Cisco may have developed, or could in the future develop, new technologies that directly compete with our products or render our products obsolete. Although we are currently among the top providers of network infrastructure solutions, we cannot provide assurance that we will be able to compete successfully against Cisco, currently the leading provider in the networking market.
We also compete with other companies, such as Extreme Networks, Juniper Networks, F5 Networks, Inc., Nortel Networks, Enterasys Networks, 3Com, Huawei Technologies, Force 10 Networks, and Alcatel. Some of our current and potential competitors have greater market leverage, longer operating histories, greater financial, technical, sales, marketing and other resources, more name recognition and larger installed customer bases. Additionally, we may face competition from unknown companies and emerging technologies that may offer new LAN, MAN and LAN/WAN solutions. Furthermore, a number of these competitors may merge or form strategic relationships that would enable them to apply greater resources and sales coverage than we can, and to offer, or bring to market
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earlier, products that are superior to ours in terms of features, quality, pricing or a combination of these and other factors.
In order to remain competitive, we must, among other things, invest significant resources in developing new products with superior performance at lower prices than our competitors, enhance our current products and maintain customer satisfaction. In addition, we must make certain our sales and marketing capabilities allow us to compete effectively against our competitors. If we fail to do so, our products may not compete favorably with those of our competitors and our revenues and profitability could suffer.
We must continue to introduce new products with superior performance and features in a timely manner in order to sustain and increase our revenue, and if we fail to predict and respond to emerging technological trends and customers changing needs, our operating results may suffer. |
The networking industry is characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product introductions, changes in customer requirements, and evolving industry standards. Therefore, in order to remain competitive, we must introduce new products in a timely manner that offer substantially greater performance and support a greater number of users per device, all at lower price points. Even if these objectives are accomplished, new products may not be successful in the marketplace, or may take more time than anticipated to start generating meaningful revenue. The process of developing new technology is complex and uncertain, and if we fail to develop or obtain important intellectual property and accurately predict customers changing needs and emerging technological trends, our business could be harmed. We must commit significant resources to develop new products before knowing whether our investments will eventually result in products the market will accept. After a product is developed, we must be able to forecast sales volumes and quickly manufacture a sufficient volume of products and mix of configurations that meet customer requirements, all at low costs.
The current life cycle of our products is typically 18 to 24 months. The introduction of new products or product enhancements may shorten the life cycle of our existing products or replace sales of some of our current products, thereby offsetting the benefit of even a successful product introduction, and may cause customers to defer purchasing our existing products in anticipation of the new products. This could harm our operating results by decreasing sales, increasing our inventory levels of older products and exposing us to greater risk of product obsolescence. In addition, we have experienced, and may in the future experience, delays in developing and releasing new products and product enhancements and in achieving volume manufacturing for such new products. This has led to, and may in the future lead to, delayed sales, increased expenses and lower quarterly revenues than anticipated. During the development of our products, we have also experienced delays in the prototyping of our ASICs, which in turn has led to delays in product introductions.
If we fail to protect our intellectual property, our business and ability to compete could suffer. |
Our success and ability to compete are substantially dependent on our internally developed technology and know-how. Our proprietary technology includes our ASICs, our IronCore, JetCore, and Terathon hardware architecture, our IronWare software, our IronView network management software, and certain mechanical designs. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws and contractual restrictions on disclosure to protect our intellectual property rights in these proprietary technologies. Although we have patent applications pending, there can be no assurance that patents will be issued from pending applications, or that claims allowed on any future patents will be sufficiently broad to protect our technology.
We provide software to customers under license agreements included in the packaged software. These agreements are not negotiated with or signed by the licensee, and thus may not be enforceable in some jurisdictions. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights through confidentiality and license agreements, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use our products or technology. These precautions may not prevent misappropriation or infringement of our intellectual property. Monitoring unauthorized use of our products is difficult and the steps we have taken may not prevent misappropriation of our technology, particularly in some foreign countries in which the laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United States.
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We may be subject to litigation risks and intellectual property infringement claims that are costly to defend and could limit our ability to use certain technologies in the future. Additionally, we may be found to infringe on intellectual property rights of others. |
The networking industry is subject to claims and related litigation regarding patent and other intellectual property rights. In particular, some companies in the networking industry claim extensive patent portfolios. As a result of the existence of a large number of patents and rate of issuance of new patents in the networking industry, it is practically impossible for a company to determine in advance whether a product or any of its components may infringe upon intellectual property rights that may be claimed by others. From time to time third parties have asserted exclusive patent, copyright and trademark rights to technologies and related standards that are important to us. Third parties may in the future assert claims or initiate litigation against us or our manufacturers, suppliers or customers alleging infringement of their intellectual property rights with respect to our existing or future products. We are committed to vigorously defending ourselves against such claims. Regardless of the merits of our position, we have in the past and may in the future incur substantial expenses in defending against third party claims. In the event of a determination adverse to us, we could incur substantial monetary liability, and be required to change our business practices. Either of these could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
Some companies have attempted to realize revenues from their patent portfolios by using licensing programs. Some of these companies have contacted us regarding a license. We carefully review all license requests, but are unwilling to license technology not required for our product portfolio. However, any asserted license demand can require considerable effort and expense to review and respond. Moreover, a refusal by us to a license request could result in threats of litigation or actual litigation, which, if initiated, could harm our business.
We are a party to lawsuits in the normal course of our business. Litigation in general, and intellectual property and securities litigation in particular, can be expensive, lengthy and disruptive to normal business operations. Moreover, the results of complex legal proceedings are difficult to predict. We believe that we have defenses in the lawsuits pending against us as indicated in Note 3, Commitments and ContingenciesLitigation, to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, and we are vigorously contesting these allegations. Responding to the allegations has been, and probably will continue to be, expensive and time-consuming for us. An unfavorable resolution of the lawsuits could adversely affect our business, results of operations, or financial condition.
Our ability to increase our revenues depends on expanding our direct sales operations and reseller distribution channels and continuing to provide excellent customer support. |
If we are unable to effectively develop and retain our sales and support staff, or establish and cultivate relationships with our indirect distribution channels, our ability to grow and increase revenue could be harmed. Additionally, if our resellers and system integrators are not successful in their sales efforts, sales of our products may decrease and our operating results could suffer. Some of our resellers also sell products that compete with our products. Resellers and system integrators typically sell directly to end-users and often provide system installation, technical support, professional services, and other support services in addition to network equipment sales. System integrators also typically integrate our products into an overall solution, and a number of resellers and service providers are also system integrators. As a result, we cannot assure you that our resellers will market our products effectively or continue to devote the resources necessary to provide us with adequate sales, marketing and technical support. Additionally, if we do not manage distribution of our products and services effectively, or if our resellers financial conditions or operations weaken, our revenues and gross margins could be adversely affected.
In an effort to gain market share and support our customers, we may need to expand our direct sales operations and customer service staff to support new and existing customers. The timing and extent of any such expansion are uncertain. We currently outsource our technical support to a third-party provider in Australia to support our customers on that continent. In the future, we may utilize third-party contractors in other regions of the world as part
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of our expansion effort. Expansion of our direct sales operations, reseller channels, and customer service operations may not be successfully implemented and the cost of any expansion may exceed the revenues generated.
Our gross margins may decline over time and the average selling prices of our products may decrease as a result of competitive pressures and other factors. |
Our industry has experienced erosion of average product selling prices due to a number of factors, particularly competitive and macroeconomic pressures and rapid technological change. The average selling prices of our products have decreased in the past and may continue to decrease in response to competitive pressures, increased sales discounts, new product introductions by our competitors or other factors. Both we and our competitors occasionally lower sales prices in order to gain market share or create more demand. Furthermore, as a result of the recent disruption in the technology sector, coupled with more broad macro-economic factors, both we and our competitors may pursue more aggressive pricing strategies in an effort to maintain sales levels. Such intense pricing competition could cause our gross margins to decline and may adversely affect our business, operating results or financial condition.
Our gross margins may be adversely affected if we are unable to reduce manufacturing costs and effectively manage our inventory levels. Although management continues to closely monitor inventory levels, declines in demand for our products could result in additional provisions for excess and obsolete inventory. Additionally, our gross margins may be negatively affected by fluctuations in manufacturing volumes, component costs, the mix of product configurations sold and the mix of distribution channels through which our products are sold. For example, we generally realize higher gross margins on direct sales to an end user than on sales through resellers or to our OEMs. As a result, any significant shift in revenues through resellers or to our OEMs could harm our gross margins. If product or related warranty costs associated with our products are greater than we have experienced, our gross margins may also be adversely affected.
We need additional qualified personnel to maintain and expand our business. If we are unable to promptly attract and retain qualified personnel, our business may be harmed. |
We believe our future success will depend in large part on our ability to identify, attract and retain highly-skilled managerial, engineering, sales and marketing, finance and manufacturing personnel. Competition for these personnel can be intense, especially in the San Francisco Bay Area, and we may experience some difficulty hiring employees in the timeframe we desire, particularly engineering and sales personnel. Volatility or lack of positive performance in our stock price may also adversely affect our ability to retain key employees, all of whom have been granted stock options. In order to improve productivity, we have historically used stock options to motivate and retain our employees. The recent decision by the accounting standard setting body regarding the accounting treatment of stock options as compensation expense could limit our ability to continue to use stock options as an incentive and retention tool. We may not succeed in identifying, attracting and retaining personnel. The loss of the services of any of our key personnel, the inability to identify, attract or retain qualified personnel in the future, or delays in hiring required personnel, particularly engineers and sales personnel, could make it difficult for us to manage our business and meet key objectives, such as timely product introductions.
Our success also depends to a significant degree on the continued contributions of our key management, engineering, sales and marketing, finance and manufacturing personnel, many of whom would be difficult to replace. In particular, we believe that our future success may depend on Bobby R. Johnson, Jr., President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. We do not have employment contracts or key person life insurance for any of our personnel.
Our operations in international markets involve inherent risks that we may not be able to control. As a result, our business may be harmed if we are unable to successfully address these risks. |
Our success will depend, in part, on increasing international sales and expanding our international operations. Our international sales primarily depend on our resellers, including Pervasive Networks and Spot Distribution in
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Europe, Mitsui in Japan, Shanghai Gentek and GTI in China, and Samsung in Korea. The failure of our international resellers to sell our products would limit our ability to sustain and grow our revenue. In particular, our revenue from Japan depends primarily on Mitsuis ability to sell our products and on the strength of the Japanese economy. There are a number of additional risks arising from our international business, including:
| potential recessions in economies outside the United States; | |||
| longer accounts receivable collection cycles; | |||
| seasonal reductions in business activity; | |||
| higher costs of doing business in foreign countries; | |||
| infringement claims on foreign patents, copyrights, or trademark rights; | |||
| difficulties in managing operations across disparate geographic areas; | |||
| difficulties associated with enforcing agreements through foreign legal systems; | |||
| political instability and export restrictions; | |||
| potential adverse tax consequences; | |||
| unexpected changes in regulatory requirements; | |||
| military conflict and terrorist activities; and | |||
| natural disasters and widespread medical epidemics, such as SARS. |
The factors described above could also disrupt our product and component manufacturers and key suppliers located outside of the United States. One or more of such factors may have a material adverse effect on our future international operations and, consequently, on our business, operating results and financial condition.
Generally, our international sales are denominated in U.S. dollars. As a result, an increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies could make our products less competitive on a price basis in international markets. In the future, we may elect to invoice some of our international customers in local currency, which could subject us to fluctuations in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the local currency. See also Item 3 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk for a review of certain risks associated with foreign exchange rates.
We purchase several key components for our products from sole sources; if these components are not available, our revenues may be harmed. |
We purchase several key components used in our products from sole sources, and depend on supply from these sources to meet our needs. The inability of any supplier to provide us with an adequate supply of key components, or the loss of any of our suppliers, may cause a delay in our ability to fulfill orders and may have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. Lead-times for various components have lengthened recently as a result of limits on IT spending and the economic uncertainty, which has made certain components scarce. As component demand increases and lead-times become longer, our suppliers may increase component costs. If component costs increase, our gross margins may also decline.
Our principal limited or sole-sourced components include high-speed dynamic and static random access memories, commonly known as DRAMs and SRAMs, ASICs, printed circuit boards, optical components, packet
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processors, switching fabrics, microprocessors and power supplies. We acquire these components through purchase orders and have no long-term commitments regarding supply or pricing from these suppliers. From time to time, we have experienced shortages in allocations of components, resulting in delays in filling orders. We may encounter shortages and delays in obtaining components in the future, which could impede our ability to meet customer orders.
We depend on anticipated product orders to determine our material requirements. Lead-times for limited-sourced materials and components can be as long as six months, vary significantly and depend on factors such as the specific supplier, contract terms and demand for a component at a given time. Inventory management remains an area of focus as we balance the need to maintain strategic inventory levels to ensure competitive lead-times with the risk of inventory obsolescence due to rapidly changing technology and customer requirements. If orders do not match forecasts, or if we do not manage inventory effectively, we may have either excess or insufficient inventory of materials and components, which could negatively affect our operating results and financial condition.
Our reliance on third-party manufacturing vendors to manufacture our products may cause a delay in our ability to fill orders. |
Our subassemblies for certain products are manufactured by contract manufacturers. We then perform final assembly and testing of these products. In addition, some Foundry-branded products are manufactured by third party OEMs. Our agreements with some of these companies allow them to procure long lead-time component inventory on our behalf based on a rolling production forecast provided by us. We are contractually obligated to purchase long lead-time component inventory procured by certain suppliers and third-party manufacturers in accordance with our forecasts although we can generally give notice of order cancellation at least 90 days prior to the delivery date. If actual demand for our products is below our projections, we may have excess inventory as a result of our purchase commitments. We do not have long-term contracts with these suppliers and third-party manufacturers.
We have experienced delays in product shipments from our contract manufacturers, which in turn delayed product shipments to our customers. In addition, certain of our products require a long manufacturing lead-time, which may result in delayed shipments. We may in the future experience similar delays or other problems, such as inferior quality and insufficient quantity of product, any of which could harm our business and operating results. We intend to regularly introduce new products and product enhancements, which will require us to rapidly achieve volume production by coordinating our efforts with our suppliers and contract manufacturers. We attempt to increase our material purchases, contract manufacturing capacity and internal test and quality functions to meet anticipated demand. The inability of our contract manufacturers or OEMs to provide us with adequate supplies of high-quality products, the loss of any of our third-party manufacturers, or the inability to obtain components and raw materials, could cause a delay in our ability to fulfill orders. Additionally, from time to time, we transition, via our contract manufacturers, to different manufacturing locations, including lower-cost foreign countries. Such transitions are inherently risky and could cause a delay in our ability to fulfill orders or a deterioration in product quality.
Due to the lengthy sales cycles of some of our products, the timing of our revenue is difficult to predict and may cause us to fail to meet our revenue expectations. |
Some of our products have a relatively high sales price, and often represent a significant and strategic decision by a customer. The decision by customers to purchase our products is often based on their internal budgets and procedures involving rigorous evaluation, testing, implementation and acceptance of new technologies. As a result, our sales cycle in these situations can be as long as 12 months and may vary substantially from customer to customer. While our customers are evaluating our products and before they may place an order with us, we may incur substantial sales and marketing expenses and expend significant management effort. Consequently, if sales forecasted from certain customers for a particular quarter are not realized in that quarter, we may not meet our revenue expectations.
If we do not adequately manage and evolve our financial reporting and managerial systems and processes, our ability to manage and grow our business may be harmed. |
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Our ability to successfully implement our business plan and comply with regulations requires an effective planning and management process. We expect that we will need to continue to improve existing, and implement new, operational and financial systems, procedures and controls to manage our business effectively in the future. Any delay in the implementation of, or disruption in the transition to, new or enhanced systems, procedures or controls, could harm our ability to accurately forecast sales demand, manage our supply chain and record and report financial and management information on a timely and accurate basis.
Recent legislation requires us to undertake an annual evaluation of our internal controls over financial reporting that may identify internal control weaknesses requiring remediation, which could harm our reputation. |
We have recently completed our evaluation of our internal controls over financial reporting as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Although our assessment, testing and evaluation resulted in our conclusion that as of December 31, 2004, our internal controls over financial reporting were effective, we cannot predict the outcome of our testing in future periods. If our internal controls are found to be ineffective in future periods, our reputation could be harmed. We may incur additional expenses and commitment of managements time in connection with further evaluations, either of which could materially increase our operating expenses and accordingly reduce our net income.
Beginning January 1, 2006, we will be required to record compensation expense for stock options. As a result, our profitability will be reduced significantly. |
In December 2004, FASB issued an accounting standard that will require the fair value of all equity-based awards granted to employees be recognized in the statement of operations as compensation expense, beginning on January 1, 2006 for calendar year companies. The various methods for determining the fair value of stock options are based on, among other things, the volatility of the underlying stock. As noted above, our stock price has historically been volatile. Therefore, the adoption of this accounting standard will negatively affect our profitability and may adversely affect our stock price. Such adoption could also limit our ability to continue to use stock options as an incentive and retention tool, which could, in turn, hurt our ability to recruit employees and retain existing employees.
The timing of the adoption of industry standards may negatively affect widespread market acceptance of our products. |
Our success depends in part on both the adoption of industry standards for new technologies in our market and our products compliance with industry standards. Many technological developments occur prior to the adoption of the related industry standard. The absence or delay of an industry standard related to a specific technology may prevent market acceptance of products using the technology. We intend to develop products using new technological advancements and may develop these products prior to the adoption of industry standards related to these technologies. As a result, we may incur significant expenses and losses due to lack of customer demand, unusable purchased components for these products and the diversion of our engineers from future product development efforts. Further, if the adoption of industry standards moves too quickly, we may develop products that do not comply with a later-adopted industry standard, which could hurt our ability to sell these products. If the industry evolves to new standards, we may not be able to successfully design and manufacture new products in a timely fashion that meet these new standards. Even after industry standards are adopted, the future success of our products depends on widespread market acceptance of their underlying technologies. At least one networking equipment standards body has reportedly stopped all work on a standard in response to assertions by Nortel that it controls the patent rights to certain industry standards. Attempts by third parties to impose licensing fees on industry standards could undermine the adoption of such standards and decrease industry opportunities.
If our products contain undetected software or hardware errors, we could incur significant unexpected expenses and lost sales and be subject to product liability claims. |
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Our products are complex and may contain undetected defects or errors, particularly when first introduced or as new enhancements and versions are released. Despite our testing procedures, these defects and errors may be found after commencement of commercial shipments. Any defects or errors in our products discovered in the future or failures of our customers networks, whether caused by our products or another vendors products, could result in:
| negative customer reactions; | |||
| product liability claims; | |||
| negative publicity regarding us and our products; | |||
| delays in or loss of market acceptance of our products; | |||
| product returns; | |||
| lost sales; and | |||
| unexpected expenses to remedy defects or errors. |
We may incur liabilities that are not subject to maximum loss clauses. |
In the ordinary course of business, we enter into purchase orders, sales contracts, and other similar contractual arrangements relating to the marketing, sale, manufacture, distribution, or use of our products and services. We may incur liabilities relating to our failure to address certain liabilities or inability to perform certain covenants or obligations under such agreements, or which result from claims and losses arising from certain external events as outlined within the particular contract. Such agreements may not contain, or be subject to, maximum loss clauses, and liabilities arising from them may result in significant adverse changes to our financial position or results of operations.
Our products may not continue to comply with the regulations governing their sale, which may harm our business. |
In the United States, our products must comply with various regulations and standards defined by the Federal Communications Commission and Underwriters Laboratories. Internationally, products that we develop may be required to comply with standards established by telecommunications authorities in various countries, as well as those of certain international bodies. Although we believe our products are currently in compliance with domestic and international standards and regulations in countries in which we currently sell, there can be no assurance that our existing and future product offerings will continue to comply with evolving standards and regulations. If we fail to obtain timely domestic or foreign regulatory approvals or certification, we may not be able to sell our products where these standards or regulations apply, which may prevent us from sustaining our revenues or maintaining profitability. Additionally, future changes in tariffs, or their application, by regulatory agencies could affect the sales of some of our products.
We may engage in acquisitions that could result in the dilution of our stockholders, disrupt our operations, cause us to incur substantial expenses and harm our business if we cannot successfully integrate the acquired business, products, technologies or personnel. |
Although we focus on internal product development and growth, we may learn of acquisition prospects that would complement our existing business or enhance our technological capabilities. Any acquisition by us could result in large and immediate write-offs, the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities, or amortization expenses related to amortizable intangible assets, any of which could negatively affect our results of operations. Furthermore, acquisitions involve numerous risks and uncertainties, including:
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| difficulties in the assimilation of products, operations, personnel and technologies of the acquired companies; | |||
| diversion of managements attention from other business concerns; | |||
| disruptions to our operations, including potential difficulties in completing ongoing projects in a timely manner; | |||
| risks of entering geographic and business markets in which we have no or limited prior experience; and | |||
| potential loss of key employees of acquired organizations. |
Although we do not currently have any agreements or plans with respect to any material acquisitions, we may make acquisitions of complementary businesses, products or technologies in the future. We may not be able to successfully integrate any businesses, products, technologies or personnel that might be acquired, and our failure to do so could harm our business.
Our stock price has been volatile historically, which may make it more difficult to sell shares when needed at attractive prices. |
The trading price of our common stock has been, and may continue to be, subject to wide fluctuations. Our stock price may fluctuate in response to a number of events and factors, such as quarterly variations in operating results, announcements of technological innovations or new products by us or our competitors, changes in financial estimates and recommendations by securities analysts, the operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors may deem comparable, speculation in the press or investment community, and news reports relating to trends in our markets. In addition, the stock market in general, and technology companies in particular, have experienced extreme volatility that often has been unrelated to the operating performance of such companies. These broad market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect the price of our stock, regardless of our operating performance. Additionally, volatility or lack of positive performance in our stock price may adversely affect our ability to retain key employees, all of whom have been granted stock options.
Anti-takeover provisions could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us. |
Our board of directors has the authority to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to determine the price, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, of those shares without any further vote or action by the stockholders. The rights of the holders of common stock may be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of any preferred stock that may be issued in the future. The issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of Foundry without further action by the stockholders and may adversely affect the voting and other rights of the holders of common stock. We have no present plans to issue shares of preferred stock. Further, certain provisions of our charter documents, including provisions eliminating the ability of stockholders to take action by written consent and limiting the ability of stockholders to raise matters at a meeting of stockholders without giving advance notice, may have the effect of delaying or preventing changes in control or management of Foundry, which could have an adverse effect on the market price of our stock. In addition, our charter documents do not permit cumulative voting, which may make it more difficult for a third party to gain control of our board of directors.
Our operations could be significantly hindered by the occurrence of a natural disaster, terrorist acts or other catastrophic events. |
Our principal operations are susceptible to outages due to fire, floods, earthquakes, power loss, power shortages, telecommunications failures, break-ins and similar events. In addition, certain of our local and foreign offices, OEMs, and contract manufacturers are located in areas susceptible to earthquakes and acts of terrorism, which could cause a material disruption in our operations. For example, we procure critical components from countries such as
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Japan and Taiwan, which periodically experience earthquakes and typhoons. The prospect of such unscheduled interruptions may continue for the foreseeable future and we are unable to predict either their occurrence, duration or cessation. We do not have multiple site capacity for all of our services in the event of any such occurrence. Despite our implementation of network security measures, our servers are vulnerable to computer viruses, break-ins, and similar disruptions from unauthorized tampering with our computer systems. We may not carry sufficient insurance to compensate us for losses that may occur as a result of any of these events. Any such event could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Management believes there have been no material changes to our quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk during the three-month period ended March 31, 2005, compared to those discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls. Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining an adequate system of internal controls over financial reporting. The system contains monitoring mechanisms, and actions deemed appropriate by management are taken to address deficiencies. The Audit Committee, which is composed entirely of directors who are not officers or employees of the Company, provides oversight to the financial reporting process. Even an effective internal control system, no matter how well designed, has inherent limitations including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of controls and therefore can only provide reasonable assurance that financial statements are free of material errors. Further, because of changes in conditions, the effectiveness of the system of internal controls may vary over time and no projections can be made to future periods.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Based on their evaluation as of March 31, 2005, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) were sufficiently effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q was recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SECs rules and Form 10-Q.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no significant changes to our internal controls during the quarter ended March 31, 2005 that have materially affected our internal controls over financial reporting.
33
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
See Note 3, Commitments and ContingenciesLitigation, to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
34
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
None.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
None.
Item 5. Other Information.
None.
Item 6. Exhibits.
Number | Description | |
3.1
|
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Foundry Networks, Inc. (Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed as Exhibit 3.2 to registrants Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-82577) and incorporated herein by reference; Certificate of Amendment to the foregoing filed as Exhibit 3.1 to registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2000 and incorporated herein by reference.) | |
3.2
|
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Foundry Networks, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 3.2 to registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000 and incorporated herein by reference.) |
35
Number | Description | |
10.1
|
1996 Stock Plan.*(1) | |
10.2
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement under the registrants 1996 Stock Plan.*(1) | |
10.3
|
1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.*(2) | |
10.4
|
1999 Directors Stock Option Plan.*(3) | |
10.5
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement under the registrants 1999 Directors Stock Option Plan.*(3) | |
10.6
|
Form of Indemnification Agreement. (2) | |
10.7
|
OEM Purchase Agreement dated January 6, 1999 between Foundry Networks, Inc. and Hewlett-Packard Company, Workgroup Networks Division. (4) | |
10.8
|
Reseller Agreement dated July 1, 1997 between Foundry Networks, Inc. and Mitsui & Co., Ltd. (4) | |
10.9
|
2000 Non-Executive Stock Option Plan.*(5) | |
10.10
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement under the registrants 2000 Non-Executive Stock Option Plan.*(5) | |
10.11
|
Lease agreement dated September 28, 1999, between Foundry Networks, Inc., and Legacy Partners Commercial Inc., for offices located at 2100 Gold Street, San Jose, CA 95002. (6) | |
10.12
|
Confidential Settlement Agreement and Release, effective October 25, 2004, by and between Nortel Networks Limited, Nortel Networks, Inc., Foundry Networks, Inc., Bobby R. Johnson, Jr., H. Earl Ferguson, deceased, and Jeffrey Prince. (7) | |
10.13
|
Sublease agreement dated March 25, 2005, between Foundry Networks, Inc. and Hyperion Solutions Corporation, for offices located at 4980 Great America Parkway, Santa Clara, CA 95054. | |
31.1
|
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification (CEO) | |
31.2
|
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification (CFO) | |
32.1
|
Section 1350 Certification (CEO) | |
32.2
|
Section 1350 Certification (CFO) |
* | Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. | |
(1) | Copy of original 1996 Stock Plan and related form of Stock Option Agreement incorporated herein by reference to the exhibit filed with the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-82577). Copy of 1996 Stock Plan reflecting the amendments approved at the 2000 Annual Meeting of Stockholders incorporated by reference to the Companys Definitive Proxy Statement for such meeting (Commission File No. 000-26689). Copy of 1996 Stock Plan reflecting the amendments for approval at the 2002 Annual Meeting of Stockholders incorporated by reference to the Companys Definitive Proxy Statement for such meeting (Commission File No. 000-26689). | |
(2) | Incorporated herein by reference to the exhibit filed with the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-82577). | |
(3) | Incorporated herein by reference to the exhibit filed with the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-82577). Copy of Directors Plan reflecting the amendment for approval at the 2002 Annual Meeting of Stockholders incorporated by reference to the Companys Definitive Proxy Statement for such meeting (Commission File No. 000-26689). |
36
(4) | Incorporated herein by reference to the exhibit filed with the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-82577); Confidential treatment has been granted by the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to this exhibit. | |||
(5) | Incorporated herein by reference to the exhibit filed with the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on October 25, 2000 (Commission File No. 333-48560). | |||
(6) | Incorporated herein by reference to the exhibit filed with the Companys Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1999 (Commission File No. 000-26689). | |||
(7) | Incorporated by reference from the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 11, 2005. |
37
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Foundry Networks, Inc. (Registrant) |
||||
By: | /s/ TIMOTHY D. HEFFNER | |||
Timothy D. Heffner | ||||
Vice President, Finance and Administration, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
||||
Date: May 10, 2005
38
EXHIBIT INDEX
Number | Description | |
3.1
|
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Foundry Networks, Inc. (Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed as Exhibit 3.2 to registrants Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-82577) and incorporated herein by reference; Certificate of Amendment to the foregoing filed as Exhibit 3.1 to registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2000 and incorporated herein by reference.) | |
3.2
|
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Foundry Networks, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 3.2 to registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000 and incorporated herein by reference.) | |
10.1
|
1996 Stock Plan.* (1) | |
10.2
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement under the registrants 1996 Stock Plan.* (1) | |
10.3
|
1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.* (2) | |
10.4
|
1999 Directors Stock Option Plan.* (3) | |
10.5
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement under the registrants 1999 Directors Stock Option Plan.* (1) | |
10.6
|
Form of Indemnification Agreement. (2) | |
10.7
|
OEM Purchase Agreement dated January 6, 1999 between Foundry Networks, Inc. and Hewlett-Packard Company, Workgroup Networks Division. (4) | |
10.8
|
Reseller Agreement dated July 1, 1997 between Foundry Networks, Inc. and Mitsui & Co., Ltd. (4) | |
10.9
|
2000 Non-Executive Stock Option Plan.* (5) | |
10.10
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement under the registrants 2000 Non-Executive Stock Option Plan.* (5) | |
10.11
|
Lease agreement dated September 28, 1999, between Foundry Networks, Inc., and Legacy Partners Commercial Inc., for offices located at 2100 Gold Street, San Jose, CA 95002. (6) | |
10.12
|
Confidential Settlement Agreement and Release, effective October 25, 2004, by and between Nortel Networks, Limited, Nortel Networks, Inc., Foundry Networks, Inc., Bobby R. Johnson, Jr., H. Earl Ferguson, deceased, and Jeffrey Prince. (7) | |
10.13
|
Sublease agreement dated March 25, 2005, between Foundry Networks, Inc. and Hyperion Solutions Corporation, for offices located at 4980 Great America Parkway, Santa Clara, CA 95054. | |
31.1
|
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification (CEO) | |
31.2
|
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification (CFO) | |
32.1
|
Section 1350 Certification (CEO) | |
32.2
|
Section 1350 Certification (CFO) |
* | Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. | |
(1) | Copy of original 1996 Stock Plan incorporated herein by reference to the exhibit filed with the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-82577). Copy of 1996 Stock Plan reflecting the amendments approved at the 2000 Annual Meeting of Stockholders incorporated by reference to the Companys Definitive Proxy Statement for such meeting (Commission File No. 000-26689). Copy of 1996 Stock Plan reflecting the amendments for approval at the 2002 Annual Meeting of Stockholders incorporated by reference to the Companys Definitive Proxy Statement for such meeting (Commission File No. 000-26689). |
(2) | Incorporated herein by reference to the exhibit filed with the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-82577). | |||
(3) | Incorporated herein by reference to the exhibit filed with the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-82577). Copy of Directors Plan reflecting the amendment for approval at the 2002 Annual Meeting of Stockholders incorporated by reference to the Companys Definitive Proxy Statement for such meeting (Commission File No. 000-26689). | |||
(4) | Incorporated herein by reference to the exhibit filed with the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Commission File No. 333-82577); Confidential treatment has been granted by the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to this exhibit. | |||
(5) | Incorporated herein by reference to the exhibit filed with the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on October 25, 2000 (Commission File No. 333-48560). | |||
(6) | Incorporated herein by reference to the exhibit filed with the Companys Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1999 (Commission File No. 000-26689). | |||
(7) | Incorporated by reference from the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 11, 2005. |