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FORM 10-Q

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

     
(Mark One)    
     
x   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES
    EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
     
    For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2003
     
    OR
     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES
    EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number 0-24701

CATAPULT COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Nevada   77-0086010
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)

160 South Whisman Road
Mountain View, California 94041

(650) 960-1025

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including
area code, of principal executive offices)

          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No

          Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes    No x

          As of August 1, 2003, there were 12,872,835 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, $0.001 par value, outstanding.

 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Part II. Other Information
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K.
SIGNATURES
EXHIBIT INDEX
EXHIBIT 31
EXHIBIT 32


Table of Contents

CATAPULT COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q

INDEX

         
    Page
   
Part I—Financial Information
       
Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)
       
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2003 and September 30, 2002
    3  
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002
    4  
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002
    5  
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
    6  
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
    13  
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
    24  
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
    25  
Part II—Other Information
       
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
    25  
Signatures
    26  

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Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

CATAPULT COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)

                         
            June 30,   September 30,
            2003   2002
           
 
ASSETS
               
Current Assets:
               
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 20,960     $ 12,575  
 
Short-term investments
    13,244       22,790  
 
Accounts receivable, net
    8,935       11,009  
 
Inventories
    2,653       3,869  
 
Deferred income taxes
    882       1,214  
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    1,772       1,563  
 
Assets of discontinued operations
          2,636  
 
 
   
     
 
   
Total current assets
    48,446       55,656  
Property and equipment, net
    3,793       3,874  
Goodwill
    49,833       49,833  
Other intangible assets, net
    6,349       7,315  
Other assets
    1,175       1,172  
 
 
   
     
 
   
Total assets
  $ 109,596     $ 117,850  
 
 
   
     
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Current Liabilities:
               
 
Accounts payable
  $ 654     $ 2,594  
 
Accrued liabilities
    11,219       18,829  
 
Deferred revenue
    5,135       4,492  
 
Liabilities of discontinued operations
          889  
 
 
   
     
 
   
Total current liabilities
    17,008       26,804  
Convertible notes payable
    17,775       18,081  
 
 
   
     
 
   
Total liabilities
    34,783       44,885  
 
 
   
     
 
Stockholders’ Equity:
               
 
Common stock
    13       13  
 
Additional paid-in capital
    20,903       22,625  
 
Deferred stock-based compensation
    (84 )     (111 )
 
Treasury stock
          (300 )
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    285       182  
 
Retained earnings
    53,696       50,556  
 
 
   
     
 
   
Total stockholders’ equity
    74,813       72,965  
 
 
   
     
 
   
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 109,596     $ 117,850  
 
 
   
     
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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CATAPULT COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)

                                     
        Three months ended   Nine months ended
        June 30,   June 30,
        2003   2002   2003   2002
       
 
 
 
Revenues:
                               
 
Products
  $ 8,344     $ 6,623     $ 27,842     $ 26,722  
 
Services
    2,253       1,400       7,176       4,311  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
Total revenues
    10,597       8,023       35,018       31,033  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Cost of revenues:
                               
 
Products
    1,113       532       4,282       1,949  
 
Services
    669       233       2,127       771  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
Total cost of revenues
    1,782       765       6,409       2,720  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
  Gross profit
    8,815       7,258       28,609       28,313  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Operating expenses:
                               
 
Research and development
    3,349       1,774       10,412       5,219  
 
Sales and marketing
    3,571       2,656       10,901       8,126  
 
General and administrative
    1,656       705       5,562       3,520  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
Total operating expenses
    8,576       5,135       26,875       16,865  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Operating income
    239       2,123       1,734       11,448  
Interest income, net
    94       346       330       1,102  
Other income (expense), net
    (68 )     134       672       (100 )
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Income before income taxes
    265       2,603       2,736       12,450  
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
    (1,096 )     729       (404 )     3,487  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Net income
  $ 1,361     $ 1,874     $ 3,140     $ 8,963  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Net income per share:
                               
 
Basic
  $ 0.11     $ 0.14     $ 0.24     $ 0.69  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
 
Diluted
  $ 0.10     $ 0.14     $ 0.24     $ 0.67  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Shares used in per share calculation:
                               
 
Basic
    12,863       13,050       12,971       13,033  
 
Diluted
    13,034       13,381       13,119       13,375  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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CATAPULT COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)
(unaudited)

                       
          Nine months ended
          June 30,
          2003   2002
         
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
               
 
Net income
  $ 3,140     $ 8,963  
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
   
Depreciation and amortization
    1,259       557  
   
Amortization of deferred stock-based compensation
    27       24  
   
Gain on sale of short-term investments
          (5 )
   
Amortization of intangible assets
    966        
   
Deferred income taxes
    332        
   
Loss on sale of property and equipment
          22  
   
Amortization of premium on note payable
    (306 )      
   
Change in assets and liabilities:
               
     
Accounts receivable
    2,074       1,893  
     
Inventories
    1,216       (12 )
     
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    (209 )     (983 )
     
Assets of discontinued operations
    2,636        
     
Other assets
    (3 )     26  
     
Accounts payable
    (1,940 )     (186 )
     
Accrued liabilities
    (7,610 )     2,383  
     
Deferred revenue
    643       303  
     
Liabilities of discontinued operations
    (889 )      
 
 
   
     
 
     
Net cash provided by operating activities
    1,336       12,985  
 
 
   
     
 
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
 
Sales (purchases) of investments, net
    9,548       (28,835 )
 
Purchases of property and equipment
    (1,178 )     (424 )
 
 
   
     
 
     
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    8,370       (29,259 )
 
 
   
     
 
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
 
Repurchase of common stock
    (1,761 )      
 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
    339       710  
 
 
   
     
 
     
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    (1,422 )     710  
 
 
   
     
 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
    101       31  
 
 
   
     
 
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    8,385       (15,533 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    12,575       44,202  
 
 
   
     
 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 20,960     $ 28,669  
 
 
   
     
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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CATAPULT COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 1—THE COMPANY AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

          Catapult Communications Corporation (the “Company”) designs, develops, manufactures, markets and supports advanced software-based test systems offering an integrated suites of testing applications for the global telecommunications industry. The Company’s advanced test systems assist its customers in the design, integration, installation and acceptance testing of a broad range of digital telecommunications equipment and services. The Company was founded in 1986 and has been incorporated in Nevada since June 19, 1998. The Company has operations in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and Europe, Australia and Japan. The Company conducts its business within one industry segment.

          On August 30, 2002, the Company purchased certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of the Network Diagnostics Business (“NDB”) of Tekelec. The assets acquired included the shares of Tekelec’s Japanese subsidiary, Tekelec Limited. The total purchase price of $68.3 million consisted of a cash payment of $42.5 million, two 2% convertible subordinated notes in the aggregate principal amount of $17.3 million maturing on August 30, 2004, a premium of $0.8 million ascribed to the convertible notes payable, transaction costs of $4.3 million and a net working capital adjustment in the estimated amount of $3.4 million. The amount of this adjustment has not yet been agreed to or paid and the amounts included in these condensed consolidated financial statements relating to the purchase price and the assets and liabilities acquired are preliminary estimates subject to the final determination of the net working capital adjustment.

          The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2002, and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 20, 2002. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2003, and for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002, reflect, in the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the financial information set forth herein. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any subsequent interim period or for an entire year. The September 30, 2002 balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements at that date, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

NOTE 2 — SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

          In July 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities”. This Statement addresses financial accounting and reporting for costs associated with exit or disposal activities and nullifies EITF Issue No. 94-3, Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain Costs Incurred in a Restructuring). This Statement requires that a liability for costs associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized and measured initially at fair value only when the liability is incurred. The provisions of this Statement are effective for exit or disposal activities that are initiated after December 31, 2002. The Company adopted SFAS No. 146 in the three months ended March 31, 2003 and its adoption did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or

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results of operations.

          In November 2002, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 45 (“FIN 45”), “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others.” FIN 45 requires that a liability be recorded in the guarantor’s balance sheet upon issuance of a guarantee. In addition, FIN 45 requires disclosures about the guarantees that an entity has issued, including a reconciliation of changes in the entity’s product warranty liabilities. The initial recognition and initial measurement provisions of FIN 45 are applicable on a prospective basis to guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002, irrespective of the guarantor’s fiscal year-end. The disclosure requirements of FIN 45 are effective for financial statements of interim or annual periods ending after December 15, 2002. The adoption of this standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

          The following table represents the activity in Warranty Accrual for the nine months ended June 30, 2003 (in thousands):

           
Balance at September 30, 2002
  $ 600  
 
Settlements made during the period
    (105 )
 
Accruals for warranties issued during the period
    105  
 
   
 
Balance at June 30, 2003
  $ 600  
 
   
 

          In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, Transition and Disclosure.” SFAS No. 148 provides alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. SFAS No. 148 also requires that disclosures of the pro forma effect of using the fair value method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation be displayed more prominently and in a tabular format. Additionally, SFAS No. 148 requires disclosure of the pro forma effect in interim financial statements. The transition and annual disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 148 are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2002. The interim disclosure requirements are effective for interim periods commencing after December 15, 2002.

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          The following table illustrates the effect on net income and net income per share if the Company applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 148 to stock-based employee compensation (in thousands):

                                   
      Three months ended   Nine months ended
      June 30,   June 30,
      2003   2002   2003   2002
     
 
 
 
Net income, as reported
  $ 1,361     $ 1,874     $ 3,140     $ 8,963  
Add: Stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net income, net of related tax effects
    5       6       15       16  
Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair-value-based method for all awards, net of related tax effects
    (491 )     (392 )     (1,425 )     (1,182 )
 
   
     
     
     
 
Pro forma net income
  $ 875     $ 1,488     $ 1,730     $ 7,797  
 
   
     
     
     
 
Earnings per share:
                               
 
Basic, as reported
  $ 0.11     $ 0.14     $ 0.24     $ 0.69  
 
   
     
     
     
 
 
Basic, pro forma
  $ 0.07     $ 0.11     $ 0.13     $ 0.60  
 
   
     
     
     
 
 
Diluted, as reported
  $ 0.10     $ 0.14     $ 0.24     $ 0.67  
 
   
     
     
     
 
 
Diluted, pro forma
  $ 0.07     $ 0.11     $ 0.13     $ 0.58  
 
   
     
     
     
 

          The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using a type of Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the assumptions set out in the table below.

                                 
    Three months ended          Nine months ended
    June 30,          June 30,
    2003   2002   2003   2002
   
 
 
 
Dividend yield
    0.0 %     0.0 %     0.0 %     0.0 %
Expected life of option
  3.5 years   2.8 years         3.5 years   2.8 years
Risk-free interest rate
    2.56 %     3.67 %     2.56%- 2.92 %     3.67 %
Expected volatility
    75 %     75 %     75 %     75 %

          In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity.” SFAS No. 150 addresses certain financial instruments that, under previous guidance, could be accounted for as equity, but now must be classified as liabilities in statements of financial position. These financial instruments include: 1) mandatorily redeemable financial instruments, 2) obligations to repurchase the issuer’s equity shares by transferring assets, and 3) obligations to issue a variable number of shares. SFAS No. 150 is effective for all financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and otherwise effective at the beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. The implementation of SFAS No. 150 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

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NOTE 3—BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE

          Basic earnings per share are computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share include the effect of dilutive potential common shares (options) issued during the period using the treasury stock method.

                                 
    Three months ended   Nine months ended
    June 30,   June 30,
    2003   2002   2003   2002
   
 
 
 
    (in thousands, except per share data)
Net income
  $ 1,361     $ 1,874     $ 3,140     $ 8,963  
 
   
     
     
     
 
Weighted average shares outstanding
    12,863       13,050       12,971       13,033  
Dilutive options
    171       331       148       342  
 
   
     
     
     
 
Weighted average shares assuming dilution
    13,034       13,381       13,119       13,375  
 
   
     
     
     
 
Earnings per share:
                               
Basic
  $ 0.11     $ 0.14     $ 0.24     $ 0.69  
 
   
     
     
     
 
Diluted
  $ 0.10     $ 0.14     $ 0.24     $ 0.67  
 
   
     
     
     
 
Anti-dilutive common equivalent shares excluded in calculating diluted earnings per share
    1,341       57       1,438       42  
 
   
     
     
     
 

NOTE 4 — GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

          In July 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations,” and SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.” SFAS No. 141 provides specific criteria for determining which intangible assets acquired in a business combination should be reported separately from goodwill. SFAS No. 142 addresses financial accounting and reporting for acquired goodwill and other intangible assets and supersedes APB No. 17, “Intangible Assets.” SFAS No. 142 changes the accounting for goodwill from an amortization method to an impairment-only approach. This pronouncement also requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives and reviewed for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 121, “Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and For Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed of.”

          The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No.142 effective October 1, 2002. As of October 1, 2002, approximately $49.8 million of goodwill will no longer be amortized but will be tested annually for impairment in accordance with the requirements of SFAS No. 142. The Company performed its annual impairment test on October 1, 2002, showing no impairment of goodwill. As such, there was no write-down of the goodwill balance. Between October 1, 2002 and June 30, 2003, there were no changes to the Company s goodwill balance of $49.8 million.

          As required by SFAS No. 142, the results for the prior year’s quarter have not been restated. Had SFAS No. 142 been adopted on October 1, 2001, the Company would have reported no difference in its reported net income and net income per share for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2002.

          Intangible assets subject to amortization consist of technology and non-compete agreements that are being amortized over a period of seven to eight years. The components of intangible assets, excluding goodwill, are as follows (in thousands):

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      As of June 30, 2003   As of September 30, 2002
    Gross                   Gross                
    Carrying   Accumulated   Net Carrying   Carrying   Accumulated   Net Carrying
    Amount   Amortization   Amount   Amount   Amortization   Amount
   
 
 
 
 
 
Purchased Technology
  $ 4,800     $ (571 )   $ 4,229     $ 4,800     $ (57 )   $ 4,743  
Other Intangible assets
    2,800       (680 )     2,120       2,800       (228 )     2,572  
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
 
Total
  $ 7,600     $ (1,251 )   $ 6,349     $ 7,600     $ (285 )   $ 7,315  
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
 

          The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets as of June 30, 2003 was as follows:

         
    Amount
Fiscal Year   (in millions)

 
2003
  $ 0.2  
2004
    1.0  
2005
    1.0  
2006
    1.0  
2007
    1.0  
Thereafter
    2.1  
 
   
 
Total
  $ 6.3  
 
   
 

NOTE 5 — DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

          Effective September 30, 2002, the Company discontinued the distribution and consulting businesses engaged in by Tekelec Limited in Japan. As at June 30, 2003, the assets of the discontinued operations have been realized and the liabilities paid. The pre-tax loss attributable to discontinued operations was incurred and recognized in September 2002.

NOTE 6 — RESTRUCTURING OF ACQUIRED BUSINESS

          Prior to the effective date of the acquisition of NDB described in Note 1, the Company developed a formal plan to restructure NDB by reducing the staff complement of the acquired business by 66 employees, or approximately 39%, and by closing the Tokyo office of Tekelec Limited due to redundancy with the Company’s previously established Tokyo office. A summary of the movements in the restructuring accrual is as follows (in millions):

                         
    Accrual as at   Paid through   Balance at
Restructuring costs   September 30, 2002   June 30, 2003   June 30, 2003

 
 
 
Redundancy compensation costs
  $ 1.2     $ 1.1     $ 0.1  
Occupancy costs
    0.3       0.3       0.0  
Professional costs
    0.2       0.2       0.0  
 
   
     
     
 
Totals
  $ 1.7     $ 1.6     $ 0.1  
 
   
     
     
 

          Payment of the balance as of June 30, 2003 is expected to be completed by September 30, 2003.

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NOTE 7 —COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

          The components of comprehensive income, net of tax, are as follows:

                                 
    Three months ended   Nine months ended
    June 30,   June 30,
    2003   2002   2003   2002
   
 
 
 
Net income
  $ 1,361     $ 1,874     $ 3,140     $ 8,963  
Currency translation adjustment
    (103 )     123       101       31  
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments
    4       119       2       (49 )
 
   
     
     
     
 
Comprehensive income
  $ 1,262     $ 2,116     $ 3,243     $ 8,945  
 
   
     
     
     
 

NOTE 8—INVENTORIES

                 
    June 30,   September 30,
    2003   2002
   
 
    (In thousands)
Raw materials
  $ 2,144     $ 3,371  
Work-in-process
          21  
Finished goods
    509       477  
 
   
     
 
 
  $ 2,653     $ 3,869  
 
   
     
 

NOTE 9 — CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE

          In connection with the acquisition of NDB described in Note 1, the Company’s Irish subsidiary issued two convertible notes to Tekelec in the principal amounts of $10.0 million and $7.3 million, respectively. These notes have been guaranteed by the Company, bear interest at 2% and are due and payable on or before August 30, 2004. The notes are convertible at the option of the holder into 1,081,250 shares of the Company’s common stock (subject to adjustment for certain events) between August 30, 2003 and the maturity date. The Company also granted Tekelec certain rights to require the Company to register with the Securities and Exchange Commission for resale by Tekelec any common stock acquired by Tekelec upon conversion of the notes.

          The fair value of the notes, as determined by an independent valuation, was $18.1 million, which has been recorded in the balance sheet. The premium of $0.8 million is being amortized to interest income over the term of the notes using the effective interest method and a credit to interest income of $102,000 and $306,000 was recorded in the three and nine months ended June 30, 2003, respectively.

          On the maturity date of the $10.0 million note, the Company is entitled to pay the principal balance in any combination of cash and/or common stock, provided that the common stock shall be at a value of 82.5% of the fair market value of the stock, determined pursuant to a formula set forth in the note.

NOTE 10 — REPURCHASE OF COMMON STOCK

          In December 1999, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program of up to 2,000,000 shares of its common stock. Depending on market conditions and other factors, repurchases can be made from time to time in the open market and in negotiated transactions, including block transactions, and this program may be discontinued at any time. In the nine months ended June 30, 2003, the Company repurchased 257,400 shares at a cost of approximately $1.8 million. The shares repurchased were restored to

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the status of authorized but unissued. In addition, $300,000 in treasury stock previously repurchased were restored to the status of authorized but unissued. In the nine months ended June 30, 2002, the Company repurchased no shares. As at June 30, 2003, the Company is authorized to repurchase an additional 1,742,600 shares of its common stock under the stock repurchase program.

NOTE 11 — INCOME TAXES

          The Company’s provision for income taxes consists of federal, state and international taxes. The Company recorded a tax benefit of $1.1 million and $404,000 in the three and nine months ended June 30, 2003, respectively. The Company recorded a provision of $729,000 and $3.5 million in the three months and nine months ended June 30, 2002, respectively. The benefit recorded in the three and nine months ended June 30, 2003 is due to a change in the mix of income between domestic and international operations and to adjustments to the Company’s transfer pricing.

NOTE 12 — SEGMENT REPORTING

          The Company is organized to operate and service a single industry segment: the design, development, manufacture, marketing and support of advanced software-based test systems globally.

          The Company’s principal geographical areas of operations, revenues and net income for the nine months ended June 30, 2003 and 2002 and long-lived assets by region at June 30, 2003 and September 30, 2002 were as follows (in thousands):

                                 
            UK,                
    North   Europe           Consolidated
    America   & Other   Japan   Total
   
 
 
 
Nine months Ended June 30, 2003
                               
Revenues from unaffiliated customers
  $ 12,400     $ 9,494     $ 13,124     $ 35,018  
Net income (loss)
    214       2,484       442       3,140  
Long-Lived Assets at June 30, 2003
  $ 38,604     $ 22,023     $ 331     $ 60,958  
Nine months Ended June 30, 2002
                               
Revenues from unaffiliated customers
  $ 4,257     $ 13,851     $ 12,925     $ 31,033  
Net income (loss)
    (941 )     9,620       284       8,963  
Long-Lived Assets at September 30, 2002
  $ 39,765     $ 21,335     $ 331     $ 61,431  

          The results of operations by geographic region include significant sales principally from the United States to the Company’s foreign locations at agreed upon transfer prices.

NOTE 13 — CONTINGENCIES

          A lawsuit was instituted in October 2002 against the Company and one of its subsidiaries, Catapult Communications International Limited, an Irish corporation, in the Antwerp Commercial Court, Antwerp, Belgium, by Tucana Telecom NV, a Belgian company (“Tucana”). Tucana has been a distributor of products for Tekelec, the company from which the Network Diagnostics Business was acquired in August 2002. The writ alleges that the defendants improperly terminated an exclusive distribution agreement with Tucana following the acquisition of the Network Diagnostics Business and seeks damages of 12,461,000 euros plus costs. A trial date of January 16, 2004 has been established. The Company believes the allegations to be

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without merit and would defend itself vigorously in the event that Tucana proceeds with the lawsuit during this period. The Company anticipates that it would seek indemnification from Tekelec for any damages assessed against it in this matter under the terms of the Asset Purchase Agreement it entered into with Tekelec and hence has not recorded a liability.

NOTE 14 — SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

          On July 22, 2003, the Company announced that it will lay off 15% of the total workforce in the three months ending September 30, 2003. As a result of this reduction, the Company expects to recognize a restructuring charge of approximately $750,000 in the three months ending September 30, 2003.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

          The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with “Selected Consolidated Financial Data” and the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2002, filed on December 20, 2002.

Forward-looking Statements

          The following discussion contains statements that are not historical facts but are forward-looking statements. Such statements are generally identified by the use of forward-looking words and phrases, such as “intended,” “expects,” “anticipates” and “is (or are) expected (or anticipated).” These forward-looking statements include but are not limited to those identified in this report with an asterisk (*) symbol. Actual results may differ materially from those discussed in such forward-looking statements, and the Company’s stockholders should carefully review the cautionary statements set forth in this report on Form 10-Q, including those set forth under the caption “Factors That May Affect Future Results“and those set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on form 10-K for the year ended September 30,2002, filed on December 20, 2002.

          The Company may from time to time make additional written and oral forward-looking statements, including statements contained in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and in its reports to stockholders. The Company does not undertake to update any forward-looking statements that may be made in this Form 10-Q or from time to time on behalf of the Company.

Overview

          Catapult Communications Corporation (“Catapult,” the “Company” or the “Registrant”) designs, develops, manufactures, markets and supports advanced software-based test systems offering integrated suites of testing applications for the global telecommunications industry. Catapult’s DCT, MGTS and Lance products are digital communications test systems designed to enable equipment manufacturers and network operators to deliver complex digital telecommunications equipment and services more quickly and cost-effectively, while helping to ensure interoperability and reliability. The Company’s advanced software and hardware assist customers in the design, integration, installation and acceptance testing of a broad range of digital telecommunications equipment and services. The DCT, MGTS and Lance products perform a variety of test functions, including simulation, load and stress testing, feature verification, conformance testing and monitoring. The Company maintains an extensive library of software modules that support a large number of industry standard protocols and variants thereon. In addition, the Company offers customer support under software support contracts, as well as installation and training services.

Critical Accounting Policies

          There have been no material changes to the Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates as disclosed in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2002.

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Results of Operations

          The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the percentage relationship of certain items from the Company’s consolidated statements of income to total revenues.

                                     
        For the three months ended   For the nine months ended
        June 30,   June 30,
        2003   2002   2003   2002
       
 
 
 
Revenues:
                               
 
Products
    78.7 %     82.6 %     79.5 %     86.1 %
 
Services
    21.3       17.4       20.5       13.9  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
Total revenues
    100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Cost of revenues:
                               
 
Products
    10.5       6.6       12.2       6.3  
 
Services
    6.3       2.9       6.1       2.5  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
Total cost of revenues
    16.8       9.5       18.3       8.8  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Gross profit
    83.2       90.5       81.7       91.2  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Operating expenses:
                               
 
Research and development
    31.6       22.1       29.7       16.8  
 
Sales and marketing
    33.7       33.1       31.1       26.2  
 
General and administrative
    15.6       8.8       15.9       11.3  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
Total operating expenses
    80.9       64.0       76.7       54.3  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Operating income
    2.3       26.5       5.0       36.9  
Interest income, net
    0.9       4.3       0.9       3.6  
Other income (expense), net
    (0.7 )     1.6       1.9       (0.4 )
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Income before income taxes
    2.5       32.4       7.8       40.1  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
    (10.3 )     9.0       (1.2 )     11.2  
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Net income
    12.8 %     23.4 %     9.0 %     28.9 %
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Gross margin on product sales
    86.7 %     92.0 %     84.6 %     92.7 %
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
Gross margin on services
    70.3 %     83.4 %     70.4 %     82.1 %
 
 
   
     
     
     
 

Comparison of the Three-Month Periods Ended June 30, 2003 and 2002

          Revenues, cost of revenues and expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2003 include the results of the continuing operations of NDB, which was acquired by the Company on August 30, 2002 as described in more detail in Note 1 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The results of operations for the three months ended June 30, 2002 do not include NDB, because the acquisition occurred subsequent to that period.

Revenues

          Revenues increased by approximately 32% from $8.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2002 to $10.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2003. Over the same period, product revenues

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increased by approximately 26% from $6.6 million to $8.3 million. The increase in product revenues was attributable to the presence in the latter period of revenues from the Company’s MGTS products acquired with NDB and partially offset by the reduced demand for the Company’s DCT test systems due to reductions in research and development spending on the part of most of its major customers. Services revenues increased approximately 61% from $1.4 million to $2.3 million. The increase in services revenues was due to the addition of the service revenue stream from the MGTS installed base acquired with NDB.

Cost of Revenues

          Cost of product revenues consists of the costs of board assembly by independent contractors, purchased components, payroll and benefits for personnel in product testing, purchasing, shipping and inventory management, as well as supplies, media and freight. Cost of product revenues increased approximately 109% from $532,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2002 to $1.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2003 and gross margin on product revenues decreased from 92% to 87% due to the inclusion of MGTS product, which has lower margins than the Company’s DCT products.

          Cost of services revenues consists primarily of the costs of payroll and benefits for customer support, installation and training personnel. Cost of services revenues increased by approximately 177% from $233,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2002 to $669,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2003 and gross margin on services revenues decreased from 83% to 70% due to a 120% increase in the number of customer service personnel as a result of the NDB acquisition.

Research and Development

          Research and development expenses consist primarily of the costs of payroll and benefits for engineers, materials, equipment and consulting services. To date, all software development costs have been charged to research and development expenses as incurred. Research and development expenses increased by approximately 89% from $1.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2002 to $3.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2003 due to a 102% increase in the number of research and development personnel as a result of the NDB acquisition. As a percentage of total revenues, research and development expenses increased from 22% to 32% over the same period. The Company expects quarterly research and development expenses to decrease by approximately 10% for the three months ending September 30, 2003 as compared with the three months ended June 30, 2003 due to the staff reductions made in July 2003. *

Sales and Marketing

          Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of the costs of payroll, benefits, commissions and bonuses, occupancy costs, travel and promotional expenses, such as product brochures and trade show costs. Sales and marketing expenses increased by approximately 34% from $2.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2002 to $3.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2003 due primarily to a 30% increase in the number of sales and marketing personnel as a result of the NDB acquisition. As a percentage of total revenues, sales and marketing expenses increased from 33% to 34% over the same period.

General and Administrative

          General and administrative expenses include costs associated with the Company’s general and risk management, public reporting, employee recruitment and retention, investor relations and finance functions, as well as amortization of certain intangible assets acquired with NDB in 2003. General and administrative expenses increased approximately 135% from $705,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2002 to $1.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2003 due primarily to a 50% increase in the number of administrative personnel as a result of the NDB acquisition and to the inclusion of $255,000 in amortization expense. In addition, general and administrative expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2002 were

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reduced by reversal of a provision for legal settlement and a reduction in accrued performance bonuses. As a percentage of total revenues, general and administrative expenses increased from 9% to 16% over the same period.

Interest Income (Expense), net

          Interest income (expense), net, consists of interest earned on cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments and amortization of the valuation premium attributed to the convertible notes payable, net of interest charges on those notes. Interest income decreased from $346,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2002 to $94,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2003. The decrease is due to a 51% reduction in cash and short-term investments as a result of the NDB acquisition and to a decrease in interest rates. Amortization of the valuation premium on the convertible notes payable of approximately $102,000 was partially offset by $87,000 in interest payable on those notes.

Other Income (Expense), net

          Other income (expense), net, primarily represents gains and losses from fluctuations in exchange rates on transactions denominated in foreign currencies and income from miscellaneous refunds. Other income decreased by $202,000 from income of $134,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2002 to expense of $68,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2003.

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

          Provision for (benefit from) income taxes consists of federal, state and international income taxes. The Company recorded a tax benefit of $1.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2003, compared with a provision of $729,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2002. The benefit recorded in the three months ended June 30, 2003 is due to a change in the mix of income between domestic and international operations and to adjustments to the Company’s transfer pricing. The Company’s future tax rate may vary depending in part on the relative income contribution by its domestic and foreign operations. *

Comparison of the Nine-Month Periods Ended June 30, 2002 and 2003

          Revenues, cost of revenues and expenses for the nine months ended June 30, 2003 include the results of the continuing operations of NDB, which was acquired by the Company on August 30, 2002 as described in more detail in Note 1 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The results of operations for the nine months ended June 30, 2002 do not include NDB, because the acquisition occurred subsequent to that period.

Revenues

          Revenues increased by approximately 13% from $31.0 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2002 to $35.0 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2003. Over the same period, product revenues increased by approximately 4% from $26.7 million to $27.8 million. The increase in product revenues was attributable to the presence in the latter period of revenues from the Company’s MGTS products acquired with NDB and partially offset by the reduced demand for the Company’s DCT test systems due to reductions in research and development spending on the part of most of its major customers. Services revenues also increased approximately 66% from $4.3 million to $7.2 million over the same period. The increase in services revenues was due to the addition of the service revenue stream from the MGTS installed base acquired with NDB.

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Cost of Revenues

          Cost of product revenues consists of the costs of board assembly by independent contractors, purchased components, payroll and benefits for personnel in product testing, purchasing, shipping and inventory management, as well as supplies, media and freight. In addition, in the nine months ended June 30, 2003, cost of product revenues included fees paid to Tekelec for the manufacture of the MGTS products under a transitional services agreement that expired on February 28, 2003. Cost of product revenues increased approximately 120% from $1.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2002 to $4.3 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2003 and gross margin on product revenues decreased from 93% to 85% due to the inclusion of MGTS product, which has lower margins than the Company’s DCT products, and to $763,000 in manufacturing fees paid under the transitional services agreement, which expired in February 2003.

          Cost of services revenues consists primarily of the costs of payroll and benefits for customer support, installation and training personnel. Cost of services revenues increased by approximately 176% from $771,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2002 to $2.1 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2003 and gross margin on services revenues decreased from 82% to 70% due to a 120% increase in the number of customer service personnel as a result of the NDB acquisition.

Research and Development

          Research and development expenses consist primarily of the costs of payroll and benefits for engineers, materials, equipment and consulting services. To date, all software development costs have been charged to research and development expenses as incurred. Research and development expenses increased by approximately 100% from $5.2 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2002 to $10.4 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2003 due to a 102% increase in the number of research and development personnel as a result of the NDB acquisition. As a percentage of total revenues, research and development expenses increased from 17% to 30% over the same period.

Sales and Marketing

          Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of the costs of payroll, benefits, commissions and bonuses, occupancy costs, travel and promotional expenses, such as product brochures and trade show costs. Sales and marketing expenses increased by approximately 34% from $8.1 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2002 to $10.9 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2003 due primarily to a 30% increase in the number of sales and marketing personnel as a result of the NDB acquisition. As a percentage of total revenues, sales and marketing expenses increased from 26% to 31% over the same period.

General and Administrative

          General and administrative expenses include costs associated with the Company’s general and risk management, public reporting, employee recruitment and retention, investor relations and finance functions, as well as amortization of intangible assets acquired with NDB in 2003. General and administrative expenses increased approximately 58% from $3.5 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2002 to $5.6 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2003 due primarily to a 50% increase in the number of administrative personnel as a result of the NDB acquisition and to the inclusion of $966,000 in amortization expense. As a percentage of total revenues, general and administrative expenses increased from 11% to 16% over the same period.

Interest Income, net

          Interest income, net, consists of interest earned on cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments and amortization of the valuation premium attributed to the convertible notes payable, net of

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interest charges on those notes. Interest income decreased from $1.1 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2002 to $330,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2003. The decrease is due to a reduction in cash and short-term investments as a result of the NDB acquisition and to a decrease in interest rates. The $306,000 in amortization of the valuation premium on the convertible notes payable more than offset the $264,000 in interest payable on those notes.

Other Income (Expense), net

          Other income (expense), net, primarily represents gains and losses from fluctuations in exchange rates on transactions denominated in foreign currencies and income from miscellaneous refunds. Other income increased by $772,000 from an expense of $100,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2002 to an income of $672,000 for the nine months ended June 30, 2003 due to a Japanese consumption tax refund of approximately $695,000 recorded in the latter period, partially offset by foreign exchange losses.

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

          Provision for (benefit from) income taxes consists of federal, state and international income taxes. The Company recorded a tax benefit of $404,000 in the nine months ended June 30, 2003, compared with a provision of $3.5 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2002. The benefit recorded in the nine months ended June 30, 2003 is due to a change in the mix of income between domestic and international operations and to adjustments to the Company’s transfer pricing. The Company’s future tax rate may vary depending in part on the relative income contribution by its domestic and foreign operations. *

Liquidity and Capital Resources

          Historically, the Company has financed its operations primarily through cash generated from operations and from the proceeds of its initial public offering completed on February 11, 1999. The proceeds to the Company from the offering, net of underwriter fees and other expenses, were approximately $19.2 million.

          The Company’s purchase of NDB was additionally financed through the issuance of two convertible notes in the aggregate principal amount of $17.3 million maturing August 30, 2004. The convertible notes were issued by the Company’s Irish subsidiary and are guaranteed by the Company. The notes are convertible at the option of the holder into an aggregate of 1,081,250 shares of the Company’s common stock (subject to adjustment for certain events) between August 30, 2003 and the maturity date. If not converted by the holder, the Company is entitled to pay the principal and accrued interest on one of the notes in the principal amount of $10.0 million in cash or, in whole or in part, by issuing its common stock at a value of 82.5% of the fair market value of the stock determined by a formula set forth in the note. The Company’s cash and short term investment balances as at June 30, 2003 exceeded the aggregate principal amount of the notes by $16.9 million.

          The Company’s operating activities provided cash of $1.3 million in the nine-month period ended June 30, 2003 and $13.0 million in the nine-month period ended June 30, 2002. The cash provided by the Company’s operations in the nine months ended June 30, 2003 was primarily attributable to net income of $3.1 million, a realization of $1.7 million on the assets of discontinued operations net of liabilities paid, decreases of $3.3 million in accounts receivable and inventories, and to the recognition of $2.3 million in non-cash items for depreciation, amortization and deferred income tax, partially offset by decreases in accounts payable, accrued liabilities and an increase in prepaid expenses totaling $9.8 million. The cash provided by the Company’s operations in the nine months ended June 30, 2002 was primarily attributable to net income of $9.0 million, a decrease in accounts receivable of $1.9 million and increases in accrued liabilities and deferred

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revenue totaling $2.7 million and partially offset by an increase in prepaid expenses of $1.0 million. To the extent that non-cash items increase or decrease and positively or negatively impact the Company’s future operating results, there will be no corresponding impact on its cash flows.

          The Company’s primary source of operating cash flow is the collection of accounts receivable from its customers and the timing of payments to its vendors and service providers. The Company measures the effectiveness of its collections efforts by an analysis of average accounts receivable days outstanding (“days sales outstanding”). As at June 30, 2003 the Company had 77 days sales oustanding, slightly above the 75 day average over the preceding eight fiscal quarters due to rear-end loaded billings in the three months ended June 30, 2003. Collections of accounts receivable and related days sales outstanding will fluctuate in future periods due to the timing and amount of the Company’s future revenues, payment terms extended to its customers and the effectiveness of its collection efforts.

          Investing activities, consisting primarily of purchases and sales of short-term investments and to a lesser extent additions to property and equipment, provided cash of $8.4 million in the nine months ended June 30, 2003 compared to a use of cash of $29.3 million in the nine months ended June 30, 2002. As at June 30, 2003, the Company had no material capital expenditure commitments, and the Company expects that capital expenditures for the three months ending September 30, 2003 will total approximately $300,000.*

          Cash used by financing activities for the nine months ended June 30, 2003 of $1.4 million was attributable to the repurchase of 257,400 shares of the Company’s stock under its stock repurchase program at a cost of $1.8 million, partially offset by the exercise of employee stock options and the purchase of shares under the employee stock purchase plan of $339,000. Cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended June 30, 2002 of $710,000 was attributable to the exercise of employee stock options and the purchase of shares under the employee stock purchase plan. The Company may continue to use cash to buy back shares of its common stock in the future.

          As of June 30, 2003, the Company had working capital of $31.4 million, cash and cash equivalents of $21.0 million, short-term investments of $13.2 million and no bank indebtedness. As of June 30, 2003, the Company had the following contractual obligations, in millions:

                                         
            Payments Due by Period        
            Less Than   1-3   4-5   After
Contractual Obligations   Total   1 Year   Years   Years   5 Years

 
 
 
 
 
Principal payable under convertible notes
  $ 17.3     $     $ 17.3     $     $  
Operating leases
    3.9       1.1       2.3       0.4       0.1  
 
   
     
     
     
     
 
Total contractual cash obligations
  $ 21.2     $ 1.1     $ 19.6     $ 0.4     $ 0.1  
 
   
     
     
     
     
 

          The Company believes that cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and funds generated from operations will provide the Company with sufficient funds to finance its operations for at least the next 12 months and to repay the convertible notes on maturity in the event the holder does not exercise its conversion option.* The Company may require additional funds to support its working capital requirements or for other purposes. There can be no assurance that additional financing will be available or that, if available, such financing will be obtainable on terms favorable to the Company or its stockholders.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

          In July 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities”. This Statement addresses financial accounting and reporting for costs associated with exit or disposal activities and nullifies EITF Issue No. 94-3, Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain Costs Incurred in a Restructuring). This Statement requires

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that a liability for costs associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized and measured initially at fair value only when the liability is incurred. The provisions of this Statement are effective for exit or disposal activities that are initiated after December 31, 2002. The Company adopted SFAS No. 146 in the three months ended March 31, 2003 and its adoption did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

          In November 2002, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 45 (“FIN 45”), “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others.” FIN 45 requires that a liability be recorded in the guarantor’s balance sheet upon issuance of a guarantee. In addition, FIN 45 requires disclosures about the guarantees that an entity has issued, including a reconciliation of changes in the entity’s product warranty liabilities. The initial recognition and initial measurement provisions of FIN 45 are applicable on a prospective basis to guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002, irrespective of the guarantor’s fiscal year-end. The disclosure requirements of FIN 45 are effective for financial statements of interim or annual periods ending after December 15, 2002. The adoption of this standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

          The following table represents the activity in Warranty Accrual for the nine months ended June 30, 2003 (in thousands):

           
Balance at September 30, 2002
  $ 600  
 
Settlements made during the period
    (105 )
 
Accruals for warranties issued during the period
    105  
 
   
 
Balance at June 30, 2003
  $ 600  
 
   
 

          In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, Transition and Disclosure.” SFAS No. 148 provides alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. SFAS No. 148 also requires that disclosures of the pro forma effect of using the fair value method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation be displayed more prominently and in a tabular format. Additionally, SFAS No. 148 requires disclosure of the pro forma effect in interim financial statements. The transition and annual disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 148 are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2002. The interim disclosure requirements are effective for interim periods commencing after December 15, 2002. The Company has adopted this disclosure standard as required for the three months ended June 30, 2003.

          In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity.” SFAS No. 150 addresses certain financial instruments that, under previous guidance, could be accounted for as equity, but now must be classified as liabilities in statements of financial position. These financial instruments include: 1) mandatorily redeemable financial instruments, 2) obligations to repurchase the issuer’s equity shares by transferring assets, and 3) obligations to issue a variable number of shares. SFAS No. 150 is effective for all financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and otherwise effective at the beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. The implementation of SFAS No. 150 is not expected to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

Factors That May Affect Future Results

Fluctuations in Quarterly Operating Results; Lengthy Sales Cycle

          The Company has experienced, and anticipates that it will continue to experience, significant fluctuations in quarterly revenues and operating results. The Company’s revenues and operating results are relatively difficult to forecast for a number of reasons, including (i) the variable size and timing of individual purchases by customers, (ii) seasonal factors that may affect capital spending by customers, such as the

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varying fiscal year ends of customers and the reduction in business during the summer months, particularly in Europe, (iii) the relatively long sales cycles for the Company’s products, (iv) the timing of hiring sales and technical personnel, (v) changes in timing and amount of sales incentive compensation, (vi) competitive conditions in the Company’s markets, (vii) exchange rate fluctuations, (viii) changes in the mix of products sold, (ix) the timing of the introduction and market acceptance of new products or product enhancements by the Company, its customers, competitors or suppliers, (x) costs associated with developing and introducing new products, (xi) product life cycles, (xii) changes in the level of operating expenses relative to revenues, (xiii) software defects and other product quality problems, (xiv) customer order deferrals in anticipation of new products, (xv) delays in purchasing decisions or customer orders due to customer consolidation, (xvi) supply interruptions, (xvii) changes in the regulatory environment and (xviii) changes in global or regional economic conditions or in the telecommunications industry.

          The Company’s revenues in any period generally have been, and are likely to continue to be, derived from relatively small numbers of sales and service transactions with relatively high average revenues per order. Therefore, the loss of any orders or delays in closing such transactions could have a more significant impact on the Company’s quarterly revenues and results of operations than on those of companies with relatively high volumes of sales or low revenues per order. See “Dependence on Limited Number of Customers” below. The Company’s products generally are shipped within 15 to 30 days after orders are received and revenues are recognized upon shipment or, if installation services are purchased, when installed, provided collection is probable. As a result, the Company generally does not have a significant backlog of orders, and revenues in any quarter are substantially dependent on orders booked, shipped and installed in that quarter.

          Due to the relatively fixed nature of most of the Company’s costs, including personnel and facilities costs, and because operating expenses are based on anticipated revenues, a decline in revenues from even a limited number of transactions, failure to achieve expected revenue in any fiscal quarter or unanticipated variations in the timing of recognition of specific revenues can cause significant variations in operating results from quarter to quarter and may in some future quarter result in losses or have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. The Company believes, therefore, that period-to-period comparisons of its operating results should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance.

          For all of the foregoing factors, as well as other unanticipated factors, it is possible that in some future quarter, the Company’s results of operations could fail to meet the expectations of public market analysts or investors. In such event, or in the event that adverse conditions prevail or are perceived to prevail generally or with respect to the Company’s business, the price of the Company’s common stock will likely be materially adversely affected.

Dependence on Limited Number of Customers

          The Company’s customer base is highly concentrated, and a relatively small number of companies have accounted for substantially all of the Company’s revenues to date. In the nine months ended June 30, 2003, the Company’s top five customers represented approximately 49% of total revenues. The Company expects that it will continue to depend upon a relatively limited number of customers for substantially all of its revenues in future periods, although no customer is presently obligated either to purchase a specific amount of products or to provide the Company with binding forecasts of purchases for any period. The loss of a major customer or the reduction, delay or cancellation of orders from one or more of the Company’s significant customers could materially adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Risks Relating to Acquisitions

          As part of its business strategy, the Company acquired NDB on August 30, 2002 and may make further acquisitions of, or significant investments in, companies, products or technologies that it believes are complementary, although no such acquisitions or investments are currently pending. The NDB acquisition and any such future transactions would be accompanied by the risks commonly encountered in making acquisitions of companies, products and technologies. Such risks include, among others, the difficulties associated with assimilating the personnel and operations of acquired companies, the potential disruption of the Company’s ongoing business, the distraction of management and other resources, the integration of personnel and technology of an acquired Company, difficulties in evaluating the technology of a potential target, inability to motivate and retain new personnel, the maintenance of uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies and the impairment of relationships with employees and clients as a result of the integration of new management personnel. The Company has no previous experience in assimilating acquired companies or product lines into its operations. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in overcoming these risks or any other problems encountered in connection with the NDB acquisition or any such future acquisitions. Furthermore, future acquisitions by the Company could result in the issuance of dilutive equity securities, the incurrence of debt or contingent liabilities or amortization expenses related to goodwill and other intangible assets, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operation or on the market price of the Company’s common stock.

Risk Associated with International Operations

          Company revenues from international customers were approximately 65% during the nine months ended June 30, 2003. The Company expects that international sales will continue to account for a significant portion of its revenues in future periods.* The Company sells its products worldwide through its direct sales force. The Company has international offices located in Japan, Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Finland, and Australia and plans to add offices, staff and resources worldwide from time to time. International sales and operations are subject to inherent risks, including difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, longer customer payment cycles, greater difficulty in accounts receivable collection, changes in regulatory requirements or in economic or trade policy, costs related to localizing products for foreign countries, potentially weaker protection for intellectual property in certain foreign countries, the burden of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws and practices, tariffs and other trade barriers, and potentially adverse tax consequences, including restrictions on repatriation of earnings. During the last two fiscal years and during the nine months ended June 30, 2003, a significant portion of the Company’s sales has been to customers in Japan and Europe. If economic conditions in Japan or Europe deteriorate to a significant extent, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. An inability to obtain necessary regulatory approvals in foreign markets on a timely basis could also have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

          International sales and operations are subject to inherent risks, including difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, longer customer payment cycles, greater difficulty in accounts receivable collection, changes in regulatory requirements or in economic or trade policy, costs related to localizing products for foreign countries, potentially weaker protection for intellectual property in certain foreign countries, the burden of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws and practices, tariffs and other trade barriers and potentially adverse tax consequences, including restrictions on repatriation of earnings.

          Many of the Company’s international sales, including its sales in Japan, are denominated in local currencies. Although the Company currently engages in hedging transactions with respect to certain receivables resulting from certain inter-company sales, there can be no assurance that the Company will continue to do so or that its hedging activities will be successful. Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates may contribute to fluctuations in the Company’s operating results. For example, changes in foreign currency exchange rates could adversely affect the revenues, net income, earnings per share and cash flow of

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the Company’s operations in affected markets. Similarly, such fluctuations may cause the Company to raise prices, which could affect demand for the Company’s products and services. In addition, if exchange or price controls or other restrictions are imposed in countries in which the Company does business, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially adversely affected.

Dependence on Rapidly Evolving Telecommunications Industry

          The Company’s future success is dependent upon the long-term growth of the telecommunications industry. The global telecommunications industry is evolving rapidly, and it is difficult to predict its potential growth rate or future trends in technology development. There can be no assurance that the deregulation, privatization and economic globalization of the worldwide telecommunications market that have resulted in increased competition and escalating demand for new technologies and services will continue in a manner favorable to the Company or its business strategies. In addition, there can be no assurance that the growth in demand for Internet services and the resulting need for high speed or enhanced telecommunications equipment will continue at its current rate or at all.

          The Company’s future success is dependent upon the increased utilization of its test solutions by network operators and telecommunications equipment manufacturers. Industry-wide network equipment and infrastructure development driving the demand for the Company’s products and services may be delayed or prevented by a variety of factors, including cost, regulatory obstacles or the lack of or reduction in consumer demand for advanced telecommunications products and services. There can be no assurance that telecommunications equipment manufacturers and network operators will develop new technology or enhance current technology or, if developed, that such new technology or enhancements will create demand for the Company’s products or services.

Rapid Technological Change; Uncertainty of Acceptance of the Company’s Products and Services

          The market for telecommunications test systems and services is subject to rapid technological change, evolving industry standards, rapid changes in customer requirements and frequent product and service introductions and enhancements. The Company’s future success will depend in part on its ability to anticipate and respond to these changes by enhancing its existing products and services and by developing and introducing, on a timely and cost-effective basis, new products, features and services that address the needs of its customer base. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in identifying, developing and marketing new products, product enhancements and related services that respond to technological change or evolving industry standards or that adequately meet new market demands. In addition, because of the rapid technological change characteristic of the telecommunications industry, the Company may be required to support legacy systems used by its customers, which may place additional demands on the Company’s personnel and other resources and may require the Company to maintain an inventory of otherwise obsolete components.

          The Company’s test systems currently operate only on the UNIX and Linux operating systems. The Company’s current and prospective customers may require other operating systems, such as Windows 2000 or Windows XP, to be used in their telecommunications test systems or may require the integration of other industry standards. There can be no assurance that the Company would be able to successfully adapt its products to such operating systems on a timely or cost-effective basis, if at all. The failure of the Company to respond to rapidly changing technologies and to develop and introduce new products and services in a timely manner would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

          The Company’s success will depend in part on whether a large number of telecommunications equipment manufacturers and network operators purchase the Company’s products and services. Because the telecommunications market is rapidly evolving, it is difficult to predict the future success of products and services in this market. The customers in this market use products from a number of competing suppliers for

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various testing purposes, and there has not been broad adoption of the products of one company. There can be no assurance that the Company’s current or future products or services will achieve widespread acceptance among telecommunications equipment manufacturers, network operators or other potential customers or that solutions developed by competitors will not render the Company’s products obsolete or uncompetitive. In the event the telecommunications industry does not broadly adopt the Company’s products or services or does so less rapidly than expected by the Company, or in the event the Company’s products are rendered obsolete or uncompetitive by more advanced solutions, the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially adversely affected.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Foreign Exchange Risk and Derivative Financial Instruments

          The Company’s foreign subsidiaries operate and sell the Company’s products in various global markets. As a result, the Company is exposed to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates on foreign currency denominated sales made to foreign subsidiaries. The Company utilizes foreign currency forward exchange contracts and options to mitigate the risk of future movements in foreign exchange rates that affect certain foreign currency denominated inter-company receivables. The Company attempts to match the forward contracts with specific underlying receivables in terms of currency, amount and maturity. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. Because the impact of movements in currency exchange rates on forward contracts offsets the related impact on the associated exposures, these financial instruments do not subject the Company to speculative risk that would otherwise result from changes in currency exchange rates. Realized gains and losses on forward exchange contracts offset foreign exchange transaction gains or losses from revaluation of foreign currency denominated inter-company receivable balances which otherwise would be charged to other income (expense). To date, the Company has not fully mitigated all risk associated with its sales denominated in foreign currencies, and there can be no assurance that the Company’s foreign exchange risk management activities, if any, will be successful.

          At June 30, 2003 the Company had forward exchange contracts maturing in fiscal 2003 to sell approximately $3.8 million in Japanese Yen. The fair market value of these contracts at June 30, 2003 was not material.

          The Company has evaluated the potential near-term losses in future earnings, fair values and cash flows from reasonably possible near-term changes in market rates or prices and believes that any such losses would not be material.*

          Additional factors that could affect future operating results or the price of the Common Stock are set forth under the caption “Factors That May Affect Future Results” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 2002.

Interest Rate Risk

          The Company’s exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to its short-term investment portfolio. As of June 30, 2003, short-term investments consisted of available-for-sale securities of $13.2 million. These fixed income marketable securities included corporate bonds and government securities, all of which are of high investment grade. They are subject to interest rate risk and will decline in value if the market interest rates increase. If the market interest rates were to increase immediately and uniformly by 10% from levels as of June 30, 2003, the decline in the fair value of the portfolio would not be material to the Company’s financial position.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.

          The Company’s management evaluated, with the participation of its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information the Company is required to disclose in reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting.

          There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Part II. Other Information

Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K.

         
(a)   Exhibits    
         
    31   Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
         
    32   Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
         
(b)   Reports on Form 8-K
         
    On April 17, 2003, the Company filed a Current Report on Form 8-K to furnish its press release dated April 17, 2003 announcing the Registrant’s results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2003.

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SIGNATURES

          Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

     
    CATAPULT COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION
     
Date: August 12, 2003   By: /s/ CHRISTOPHER A. STEPHENSON
   
Christopher A. Stephenson
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

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EXHIBIT INDEX

     
31   Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
     
32   Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002