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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
[X] Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997.
[ ] Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 1-10813
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PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
California 68-0146197
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
One Market, Steuart Street Tower
Suite 800, San Francisco, CA 94105-1301
(Address of principal (Zip code)
executive offices)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code (415) 974-1399
-----------------------
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required
to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was
required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No ______
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405
of Regulation S-K (ss.229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will
not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or
information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K
or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [X]
Aggregate market value of voting stock: N/A
Indicate the number of units outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of
partnership units, as of the latest practicable date:
Class Outstanding at March 20, 1998
Limited partnership depositary units: 9,871,073
General Partnership units: 1
An index of exhibits filed with this Form 10-K is located at page 25.
Total number of pages in this report: 45
PART I
Item 1. BUSINESS
(A) Background
On October 27, 1987, PLM Financial Services, Inc. (FSI or the General Partner),
a wholly-owned subsidiary of PLM International, Inc. (PLM International), filed
a Registration Statement on Form S-1 with the Securities and Exchange Commission
with respect to a proposed offering of 10,000,000 depositary units (the units)
in PLM Equipment Growth Fund III, a California limited partnership (the
Partnership, the Registrant, or EGF III). The Partnership's offering became
effective on March 21, 1988. FSI, as General Partner, owns a 5% interest in the
Partnership. The Partnership engages in the business of owning and leasing
transportation and related equipment to be operated by or leased to various
shippers and transportation companies.
The Partnership was formed to engage in the business of owning and managing a
diversified pool of used and new transportation-related equipment and certain
other items of equipment. The Partnership's primary objectives are:
(1) to acquire a diversified portfolio of low-obsolescence equipment with
long lives and high residual values with the net proceeds of the initial
Partnership offering, supplemented by debt financing if deemed appropriate by
the General Partner. The General Partner sought to purchase a diversified pool
of used transportation and related equipment, which, due to supply and demand
being out of equilibrium, is priced below its inherent value. The General
Partner places the equipment on lease or under other contractual agreements with
creditworthy lessees and operators of equipment. A lessee's creditworthiness is
determined by PLM's Credit Review Committee (the Committee), which is made up of
members of PLM's senior management. In determining a lessee's creditworthiness,
the Committee will consider, among other factors, its financial statements,
internal and external credit ratings, and letters of credit;
(2) to generate sufficient net operating cash flows from lease operations
to meet existing liquidity requirements and to generate cash distributions to
the limited partners until such time as the General Partner commences the
orderly liquidation of the Partnership assets or unless the Partnership is
terminated earlier upon sale of all Partnership property or by certain other
events;
(3) to selectively sell and purchase other equipment to add to the
Partnership's initial equipment portfolio. The General Partner sells equipment
when it believes that, due to market conditions, market prices for equipment
exceed inherent equipment values or that expected future benefits from continued
ownership of a particular asset will not equal or exceed other equipment
investment opportunities. Proceeds from these sales, together with excess net
operating cash flow from operations (net cash provided by operating activities
plus distributions from unconsolidated special-purpose entities (USPEs)) that
remain after cash distributions have been made to the Partners, are used to
acquire additional equipment throughout the intended seven-year reinvestment
phase of the Partnership;
(4) to preserve and protect the value of the portfolio through quality
management, maintaining diversity and constantly monitoring equipment markets.
The offering of the units of the Partnership closed on May 11, 1989. On August
16, 1991, the units of the Partnership began trading on the American Stock
Exchange (AMEX). Thereupon, each unitholder received a depositary receipt
representing ownership of the number of units owned by such unitholder. The
General Partner delisted the Partnership's depositary units from the AMEX, which
had traded with the symbol GFZ, on April 8, 1996. The last day for trading on
the AMEX was March 22, 1996. As of December 31, 1997, there were 9,871,073
depositary units outstanding. The General Partner contributed $100 for its 5%
General Partner interest in the Partnership.
During the first seven years of operations, which ended on December 31, 1996, a
portion of cash flow and surplus funds were used to purchase additional
equipment and a portion was distributed to the partners. Beginning after the
Partnership's seventh year of operations which began on January 1, 1997, cash
flow and surplus funds, if any, are being distributed to the partners. Beginning
in the eleventh year of operations of the Partnership, the General Partner will
commence to liquidate the assets of the Partnership in an orderly fashion,
unless the Partnership is terminated earlier upon sale of all Partnership
property or by certain other events. This Partnership will terminate on December
31, 2000, unless terminated earlier upon sale of all equipment or by certain
other events.
Table 1, below, lists the cost of the equipment in the Partnership
portfolio and the cost of investments in unconsolidated special-purpose entities
as of December 31, 1997 (in thousands of dollars):
TABLE 1
Units Type Manufacturer Cost
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Equipment held for operating leases:
1 Dash 8-300 Dehavilland $ 5,748
3 737-200 Stage II commercial aircraft Boeing 30,506
1 DC-9-32 Stage II commercial aircraft McDonnell Douglas 10,028
1 Mobile offshore drilling unit Falcon Drilling Company 9,666
550 Marine containers Various 7,421
119 Coal cars Various 4,788
1,260 Tank cars Various 30,071
68 Over-the-road dry trailers Stoughton and Strick 401
157 Over-the-road refrigerated trailers Various 4,145
164 Intermodal trailers Various 2,534
-----------------
Total equipment $ 105,308
=================
Investments in unconsolidated special-purpose entities:
0.56 Bulk carrier marine vessel Naikai Zosen, Naikai Shpbldg. $ 7,163
0.17 Two trusts comprised of:
Three 737-200 Stage II commercial aircraft, Boeing 4,706
two Stage II aircraft engines, and a Pratt Whitney 195
portfolio of rotable components Various 325
0.25 Trust comprised of:
Four 737-200A Stage II commercial aircraft Boeing 4,494
-----------------
Total investments $ 16,883
=================
Includes proceeds from capital contributions, operations, and Partnership
borrowings invested in equipment. Includes costs capitalized subsequent to
the date of acquisition and equipment acquisition fees paid to PLM
Transportation Equipment Corporation. All equipment was used equipment at
the time of purchase, except for 50 marine containers and 164 dry piggyback
trailers.
Jointly owned: EGF III (56%) and an affiliated program.
Jointly owned: EGF III (17%) and three affiliated programs.
Jointly owned: EGF III (25%) and two affiliated programs.
The equipment is generally leased under operating leases with terms of one to
seven years. Some of the Partnership's marine vessels and marine containers are
leased to operators of utilization-type leasing pools, which may include
equipment owned by unaffiliated parties. In such instances, revenues received by
the Partnership consist of a specified percentage of revenues generated by
leasing the pooled equipment to sublessees, after deducting certain direct
operating expenses of the pooled equipment.
As of December 31, 1997, 58% of the Partnership's trailer equipment is operated
in rental yards owned and maintained by PLM Rental, Inc., the short-term trailer
rental subsidiary of PLM International doing business as PLM Trailer Leasing.
Revenues collected under short-term rental agreements with the rental yards'
customers are credited to the owners of the related equipment as received.
Direct expenses associated with the equipment are charged directly to the
Partnership. An allocation of indirect expenses of the rental yard operations is
charged to the Partnership monthly.
The lessees of the equipment include but are not limited to: Sahara Airlines
India Ltd., Continental Airlines, Inc., Canadian Airlines International, Varig
S.A. (Viaco Aerea Rio - Grandense), Time Air, Inc., and Terra Nitrogen. As of
December 31, 1997, all of the equipment was on lease or in rental yards, except
for 28 marine containers and 41 railcars.
(B) Management of Partnership Equipment
The Partnership has entered into an equipment management agreement with PLM
Investment Management, Inc. (IMI), a wholly-owned subsidiary of FSI, for the
management of the equipment. IMI agreed to perform all services necessary to
manage the transportation equipment on behalf of the Partnership and to perform
or contract for the performance of all obligations of the lessors under the
Partnership's leases. In consideration for its services and pursuant to the
partnership agreement, IMI is entitled to a monthly management fee (see
consolidated financial statement, Notes 1 and 2). The Partnership's management
agreements with IMI is to co-terminate with the dissolution of the Partnership,
unless the partners vote to terminate the agreement prior to that date or at the
discretion of the General Partner.
(C) Competition
(1) Operating Leases versus Full Payout Leases
Generally, the equipment owned by the Partnership is leased out on an operating
lease basis wherein the rents owed during the initial noncancelable term of the
lease are insufficient to recover the Partnership's purchase price of the
equipment. The short to mid-term nature of operating leases generally commands a
higher rental rate than longer-term full payout leases and offers lessees
relative flexibility in their equipment commitment. In addition, the rental
obligation under an operating lease need not be capitalized on a lessee's
balance sheet.
The Partnership encounters considerable competition from lessors utilizing full
payout leases on new equipment. Full payout leases are leases that have terms
equal to the expected economic life of the equipment and are written for longer
terms and for lower rates than the Partnership offers. While some lessees prefer
the flexibility offered by a shorter-term operating lease, other lessees prefer
the rate advantages possible with a full payout lease. Competitors of the
Partnership may write full payout leases at considerably lower rates, or larger
competitors with a lower cost of capital may offer operating leases at lower
rates, which may put the Partnership at a competitive disadvantage.
(2) Manufacturers and Equipment Lessors
The Partnership competes with equipment manufacturers who offer operating leases
and full payout leases. Manufacturers may provide ancillary services that the
Partnership cannot offer, such as specialized maintenance service (including
possible substitution of equipment), training, warranty services, and trade-in
privileges.
The Partnership competes with many equipment lessors, including ACF Industries,
Inc. (Shippers Car Line Division), General Electric Railcar Services
Corporation, General Electric Capital Aviation Services Corporation, and other
limited partnerships that lease the same types of equipment.
(D) Demand
The Partnership has investments in transportation-related capital equipment and
relocatable environments. Relocatable environments are functionally
self-contained transportable equipment, such as marine containers. Types of
capital equipment owned by the Partnership include aircraft, marine vessels,
railcars, and trailers. Except for those aircraft leased to passenger air
carriers, the Partnership's equipment is used to transport materials and
commodities, rather than people.
The following section describes the international and national markets in which
the Partnership's capital equipment operates:
Aircraft
(a) Commercial aircraft
The international commercial aircraft market experienced another good year in
1997, with a third consecutive year of profits by the world's airlines. Airline
managements have continued to emphasize cost reductions and a moderate increase
in capacity. However, even the limited volume of new aircraft deliveries has
caused the market to change from being in equilibrium at the end of 1996 to
having excess supply. This market imbalance is expected to continue, with the
number of surplus aircraft increasing from approximately 350 aircraft at the end
of 1996 to an estimated 600 aircraft by the end of the decade.
The changes taking place in the commercial aircraft market also reflect the
impact of noise legislation enacted in the United States and Europe. Between
1997 and the end of 2002, approximately 1,400 Stage II aircraft (Stage II are
aircraft that have been shown to comply with Stage II noise levels prescribed in
Federal Aviation Regulation section C36.5) are forecast to be retired, primarily
due to noncompliance with Stage III noise requirements (Stage III aircraft are
aircraft that have been shown to comply with Stage III noise levels prescribed
in Federal Aviation Regulation section C36.5). This represents about 41% of the
Stage II aircraft now in commercial service worldwide. By 2002, about 2,000
(59%) of the current fleet of Stage II aircraft will remain in operational
service outside of Stage III-legislated regions or as aircraft that have had
hushkits installed so that engine noise levels meet the quieter Stage III
requirements. The cost to install a hushkit is approximately $1.5 million,
depending on the type of aircraft. The new aircraft all meet Stage III
requirements.
The Partnership's fleet consists of late-model Stage II narrowbody commercial
aircraft. The aircraft either are positioned with air carriers that are outside
Stage III-legislated areas, are scheduled for Stage III hushkit installation in
1998-99, or are anticipated to be sold or leased outside of Stage III areas
before 2000. Specifically, the Partnership has scheduled a Stage II narrowbody
aircraft for sale during 1998. A Stage II narrowbody aircraft now on lease in
the United States will be sold or leased outside the Stage III-affected areas
before the year 2000.
(b) Commuter Aircraft
The commuter aircraft market is experiencing a revolution with the successful
entry of small regional jets into this market. Major turboprop manufacturers are
re-evaluating their programs, and several successful but larger models are now
being considered for phase-out. The original concept for regional jets was for
them to take over the hub-and-spoke routes served by the larger turboprops in
North America, but they are also finding successful niches in point-to-point
routes. The introduction of this smaller aircraft has allowed major airlines to
shift the regional jets to marginal routes previously operated by narrowbody
aircraft, allowing the larger-capacity aircraft to be more efficiently employed
in an airline's route system.
The Partnership leases commuter aircraft in the 36 to 50 seat turboprop
category. These aircraft are all positioned in North America, the
fastest-growing market for commuter aircraft in the world. The Partnership's
aircraft possess unique performance capabilities, compared to other turboprops,
which allow them to readily operate at maximum payloads from unimproved
surfaces, hot and high runways, and short runways. The market for turboprops is
undergoing rapid change due to the introduction of regional jets. The
manufacturer of the Partnership's commuter/regional aircraft has already
announced production cutbacks for some types of turboprops, which may adversely
affect both demand and near-term values for the Partnership's aircraft.
(c) Aircraft Engines and Rotables
The demand for spare engines has increased, particularly for the Pratt & Whitney
Stage II JT8D engine, which powers many of the Partnership's Stage II commercial
aircraft.
Aircraft rotables, or components, are replacement spare parts held in inventory
by an airline. These parts are components that are removed from an aircraft or
engine, undergo overhaul, and are recertified and refit to the aircraft in an
"as new" condition. Rotables carry specific identification numbers, allowing
each part to be individually tracked during its use. The types of rotables owned
and leased by the Partnership include landing gear, certain engine components,
avionics, auxiliary power units, replacement doors, control surfaces, pumps,
valves, and other comparable equipment. The Partnership expects to sell its
aircraft rotables during 1998.
(2) Marine Vessel
The Partnership has an investment with another affiliated program in a
small-sized dry bulk vessel that is traded in worldwide markets and carries
commodity cargos. Dry bulk markets experienced flat freight rates, with supply
increases outrunning demand growth. Demand for commodity shipping closely tracks
worldwide economic growth patterns; however, economic development alters trade
patterns from time to time, causing changes in volume on trade routes.
The General Partner operates the Partnership's marine vessel under period
charters. It is believed that this operating approach provides the flexibility
to adapt to changing demand patterns.
Freight rates for dry bulk vessels in 1997 maintained the levels experienced in
the fourth quarter of 1996. Freight rates had declined significantly in 1996
until a moderate recovery occurred late in the year due to an increase in grain
trade. The size of the overall dry bulk carrier fleet increased by 3%, as
measured by the number of vessels, and by 5%, as measured by deadweight tonnage.
Scrapping of ships was not a significant factor in 1997: 126 dry bulk ships were
scrapped while 247 were delivered. Total dry trade (as measured in deadweight
tons) grew by 3% in 1997, versus 1% in 1996. This balance of supply and demand
made market conditions soft, providing little foundation for increasing freight
rates.
Growth in 1998 is expected to be approximately 2%, with most commodity trading
flat. The majority of growth is forecast to come from grain (2%) and thermal
coal (6%). The primary variable in forecasts is Asian growth; if there is some
recovery from the economic shake-up of the second half of 1997, then there will
be prospects for improvement in 1998. Delivery of ships in 1998 is expected to
be about the same as in 1997; however, an increase in scrapping is anticipated
to strengthen the market.
Current rates do not justify any new construction of dry bulk carriers and there
should be a significant drop in orders over the next two years. If growth in
demand matches historic averages of around 3%, then the current excess supply
should be absorbed by the end of 1999, leading to the possible strengthening of
freight rates at that time.
(3) Marine Containers
The marine container market began 1997 with a continuation of the weakness in
industrywide container utilization and rate pressures that had been experienced
in 1996. A reversal of this trend began in early spring and continued during the
remainder of 1997, as utilization returned to the 80% range. Per diem rates did
not strengthen, as customers resisted attempts to raise daily rental rates.
Industrywide consolidation continued in 1997. Late in the year, Genstar, one of
the world's largest container leasing companies, announced that it had reached
an agreement with SeaContainers, another large container leasing company,
whereby SeaContainers will take over the management of Genstar's fleet. Long
term, such industrywide consolidation should bring more rationalization to the
container leasing market and result in both higher fleetwide utilization and per
diem rates.
(4) Railcars
(a) Pressurized Tank Cars
Pressurized tank cars are used primarily in the petrochemical and fertilizer
industries to transport liquefied petroleum gas and anhydrous ammonia. The
demand for natural gas is anticipated to grow through 1999, as the developing
world, former Communist countries, and the industrialized world all increase
their energy consumption. World demand for fertilizer is expected to increase,
based on an awareness of the necessity of fertilizing crops and improving diets,
the shortage of farm land, and population growth in developing nations. Based on
ongoing renewals with current lessees, demand for these cars continues to be
strong and is projected to remain so during 1998.
The utilization rate of the Partnership's fleet of pressurized tank cars was
over 98% during 1997.
(b) General-Purpose (Nonpressurized) Tank Cars
General-purpose or nonpressurized tank cars are used to transport a wide variety
of bulk liquid commodities, such as petroleum fuels, lubricating oils, vegetable
oils, molten sulfur, corn syrup, asphalt, and specialty chemicals. Chemical
carloadings for the first 45 weeks of 1997 were up 4%, compared to the same
period in 1996. The demand for petroleum is anticipated to grow, as the
developing world, former Communist countries, and the industrialized world
increase energy consumption.
The demand for general-purpose tank cars in the Partnership's fleet has remained
healthy over the last three years, with utilization remaining above 98%.
(c) Coal Cars
Coal car loadings for 1997 were essentially even with 1996 levels. Coal
dominates electric fuel markets and will probably continue to do so, despite
additional EPA restraints in 1997 on emissions from power plants. Coal remains a
fuel of choice due to lower prices, improved mining techniques, continuing
difficulties in nuclear power, and unstable prices for gas and oil.
(5) Trailers
(a) Intermodal (Piggyback) Trailers
In all intermodal equipment areas, 1997 was a remarkably strong year. The United
States inventory of intermodal equipment totaled 163,900 units in 1997, divided
between about 55% intermodal trailers and 45% domestic containers. Trailer
loadings increased approximately 4% in 1997 due to a robust economy and a
continuing shortage of drivers in over-the-road markets. The expectation is for
flat to slightly declining utilization of intermodal trailer fleets in the near
future.
(b) Over-the-Road Dry Trailers
The United States over-the-road dry trailer market began to recover in mid-1997
as an oversupply of equipment from 1996 subsided. The strong domestic economy, a
continuing focus on integrated logistics planning by American companies, and
numerous service problems on Class I railroads contributed to the recovery in
the dry van market. In addition, federal regulations requiring antilock brake
systems on all new trailers, effective in March 1998, have helped stimulate new
trailer production, and the market is anticipated to remain strong in the near
future. There continues to be much consolidation of the trailer leasing industry
in North America, as the two largest lessors of dry vans now control over 60% of
the market. The reduced level of competition, coupled with anticipated continued
strong utilization, may lead to an increase in rates.
(c) Over-the-Road Refrigerated Trailers
The temperature-controlled over-the-road trailer market recovered in 1997;
freight levels improved and equipment oversupply was reduced as industry players
actively retired older trailers and consolidated fleets. Most refrigerated
carriers posted revenue growth of between 2% and 5% in 1997, and accordingly are
planning fleet upgrades. In addition, with refrigeration and trailer
technologies changing rapidly and industry regulations becoming tighter,
trucking companies are managing their refrigerated fleets more effectively.
As a result of these changes in the refrigerated trailer market, it is
anticipated that trucking companies will utilize short-term trailer leases more
frequently to supplement their fleets. Such a trend should benefit the
Partnership, which generally leases its equipment on a short-term basis from
rental yards owned and operated by PLM subsidiaries.
(6) Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit (Rig)
Worldwide demand in all sectors of the mobile offshore drilling unit industry in
1997 was a continuation of the increases experienced in 1996. This increase in
demand was spread over all the geographic regions of offshore drilling and
affected both jackup and floating rigs. Potential demand during 1997 was
difficult to estimate because of the shortage of rigs.
The tightness in the market caused significant increases in contract day rates
throughout the year. Day rates at the end of 1997 approached levels justifying
new rig construction. While continuing market improvement can be attributed to a
number of factors, the primary reason is worldwide growth in the use of oil and
natural gas for energy. Stable prices at moderate levels have encouraged such
growth, while providing adequate margins for oil and natural gas exploration and
production development.
The trend of contractor consolidation continued in 1997; three major mergers or
acquisitions initiated late in 1997 are expected to be consummated by the end of
1998. For 1998, utilization and demand are expected to remain at the levels
reached in 1997. Industry participants project that demand for both floating and
jackup rigs will continue at current high levels through 1998, with additional
rig supply absorbed by demand increases. Day rates are expected to continue to
increase; however, the rate of increase will slow, since the current high levels
have induced long-term contracting with few opportunities for increases.
The jackup rig sector, in which the General Partner has participated for two
years, comprises approximately 70% of the offshore drilling market. Overall,
demand for jackup rigs increased approximately 2.6%, from 274 rig-years in 1996
to 281 rig-years in 1997; the Gulf of Mexico alone accounted for approximately
120 rig-years. As measured by utilization, demand for jackups increased from 89%
in 1996 to 95% in 1997. Higher utilization provided the impetus for contract day
rates to double for most jackup rig types, which led to increased asset values.
Although there is no general trend toward new orders, ten new jackup rigs were
on order at the end of 1997. Most of them are for heavy-weather units that
already have multiyear contracts. The majority of industry capital is being
directed to upgrading existing equipment.
(E) Government Regulations
The use, maintenance, and ownership of equipment is regulated by federal, state,
local, or foreign governmental authorities. Such regulations may impose
restrictions and financial burdens on the Partnership's ownership and operation
of equipment. Changes in government regulations, industry standards, or
deregulation may also affect the ownership, operation, and resale of the
equipment. Substantial portions of the Partnership's equipment portfolio are
either registered or operated internationally. Such equipment may be subject to
adverse political, government, or legal action, including the risk of
expropriation or loss arising from hostilities. Certain of the Partnership's
equipment is subject to extensive safety and operating regulations, which may
require its removal from service or extensive modification to meet these
regulations, at considerable cost to the Partnership. Such regulations include
but are not limited to:
(1) the U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (which established liability
for operators and owners of vessels and mobile offshore drilling
units that create environmental pollution). This regulation has
resulted in higher oil pollution liability insurance. The lessee
typically reimburses the Partnership for these additional costs;
(2) the U.S. Department of Transportation's Aircraft Capacity Act of
1990 (which limits or eliminates the operation of commercial
aircraft in the U.S. that do not meet certain noise, aging, and
corrosion criteria). In addition, under U.S. Federal Aviation
Regulations, after December 31, 1999, no person shall operate an
aircraft to or from any airport in the contiguous United States
unless that airplane has been shown to comply with Stage III
noise levels. The Partnership's fleet consists of late-model
Stage II narrowbody commercial aircraft. The aircraft either are
positioned with air carriers that are outside Stage
III-legislated areas, are scheduled for Stage III hushkit
installation in 1998-99, or are anticipated to be sold or leased
outside Stage III areas before 2000. Specifically, the
Partnership has scheduled a Stage II narrowbody aircraft for sale
during 1998. A Stage II narrowbody aircraft now on lease in the
United States will be sold or leased outside the Stage
III-affected areas before the year 2000;
(3) the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
and the U.S. Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (which call for the
control and eventual replacement of substances that have been
found to cause or contribute significantly to harmful effects on
the stratospheric ozone layer and which are used extensively as
refrigerants in refrigerated marine cargo containers and
over-the-road trailers);
(4) the U.S. Department of Transportation's Hazardous Materials
Regulations (which regulate the classification of and packaging
requirements for hazardous materials and which apply particularly
to the Partnership's tank cars).
As of December 31, 1997, the Partnership is in compliance with the above
governmental regulations. Typically, costs related to extensive equipment
modifications to meet government regulations are passed on to the lessee of that
equipment.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The Partnership neither owns nor leases any properties other than the equipment
it has purchased for leasing purposes. As of December 31, 1997, the Partnership
owned a portfolio of transportation and related equipment, as described in Part
I, Table 1.
The Partnership maintains its principal office at One Market, Steuart Street
Tower, Suite 800, San Francisco, California 94105-1301. All office facilities
are provided by FSI without reimbursement by the Partnership.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
None.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of the Partnership's limited partners during
the fourth quarter of its fiscal year ended December 31, 1997.
(This space intentionally left blank)
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE PARTNERSHIP'S EQUITY AND RELATED DEPOSITARY UNIT
MATTERS
The General Partner delisted the Partnership's depositary units from the
American Stock Exchange (AMEX), which had traded under the symbol GFZ, on April
8, 1996. The last day for trading on the AMEX was March 22, 1996. Under the
Internal Revenue Code (the Code), then in effect, the Partnership was classified
as a Publicly Traded Partnership. The Code treated all Publicly Traded
Partnerships as corporations if they remained publicly traded after December 31,
1997. Treating the Partnership as a corporation would have meant the Partnership
itself became a taxable, rather than a "flow through" entity. As a taxable
entity, the income of the Partnership would have become subject to federal
taxation at both the partnership level and the investor level to the extent that
income would have been distributed to an investor. In addition, the General
Partner believed that the trading price of the depositary units would have
become distorted when the Partnership began the final liquidation of the
underlying equipment portfolio. In order to avoid taxation of the Partnership as
a corporation and to prevent unfairness to unitholders, the General Partner
delisted the Partnership's depositary units from the AMEX. While the
Partnership's depositary units are no longer publicly traded on a national stock
exchange, the General Partner continues to manage the equipment of the
Partnership and prepare and distribute quarterly and annual reports and Forms
10-Q and 10-K in accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission
requirements. In addition, the General Partner continues to provide pertinent
tax reporting forms and information to unitholders.
As of March 20, 1998, there were 9,871,073 depositary units outstanding. There
are approximately 12,500 depositary unitholders of record as of the date of this
report.
Several secondary exchanges facilitate sales and purchases of limited
partnership units. Secondary markets are characterized as having few buyers for
limited partnership interests and therefore are generally viewed as being
inefficient vehicles for the sale of partnership units. There is presently no
public market for the units and none is likely to develop. To prevent the units
from being considered publicly traded and thereby to avoid taxation of the
Partnership as an association treated as a corporation under the Internal
Revenue Code, the units will not be transferred without the consent of the
General Partner, which may be withheld in its absolute discretion. The General
Partner intends to monitor transfers of units in an effort to ensure that they
do not exceed the number permitted by certain safe harbors promulgated by the
Internal Revenue Service. A transfer may be prohibited if the intended
transferee is not an U.S. citizen or if the transfer would cause any portion of
the units to be treated as plan assets.
Pursuant to the terms of the partnership agreement, the General Partner is
generally entitled to a 5% interest in the profits and losses and distributions
of the Partnership. The General Partner also is entitled to a special allocation
of any gains from the sale of the Partnership's assets in an amount sufficient
to eliminate any negative balance in the General Partner's capital account. The
General Partner is the sole holder of such interests.
(This space intentionally left blank)
Table 2, below, sets forth the high and low reported prices of the Partnership's
depositary units for 1996, as reported by the AMEX, as well as cash
distributions paid per depositary unit.
TABLE 2
Cash Distributions Paid Per
Reported Trade Per Depositary
Prices Unit
-----------------------------------------
Calendar Period High Low
1996
1st Quarter $ 5.25 $ 3.88 $ 0.40
2nd Quarter $ -- $ -- $ 0.25
3rd Quarter $ -- $ -- $ 0.25
4th Quarter $ -- $ -- $ 0.25
The General Partner delisted the Partnership's depositary units from the
American Stock Exchange (AMEX), which had traded with the symbol GFZ, on April
8, 1996. The last day for trading on the AMEX was March 22, 1996.
The Partnership has engaged in a plan to repurchase up to 250,000 depositary
units. During the period from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 1996, the
Partnership repurchased 28,500 depositary units at a total cost of $0.12
million. There were no repurchases of depositary units in 1997. As of December
31, 1997, the Partnership had purchased a cumulative total of 128,853 depositary
units at a total cost of $0.9 million. The General Partner does not plan any
future repurchase of depositary units on behalf of the Partnership.
(This space intentionally left blank)
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Table 3, below, lists selected financial data for the Partnership:
TABLE 3
For the years ended
December 31, 1997, 1996, 1995, 1994, and 1993
(thousands of dollars, except weighted-average depositary unit amounts)
1997 1996 1995 1994 1993
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Operating results:
Total revenues $ 26,066 $ 25,886 $ 28,055 $ 40,247 $ 42,149
Net gain on disposition
of equipment 5,629 6,450 2,936 2,863 1,707
Loss on revaluation of
equipment -- -- -- (1,082) (92)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated
special-purpose entities 485 6,864 -- -- --
Net income (loss) 1,937 9,760 2,706 252 (241)
At year-end:
Total assets $ 53,186 $ 78,651 $ 83,317 $ 98,779 $ 117,531
Total liabilities 33,627 50,638 52,980 54,028 56,031
Notes payable 29,290 40,284 41,000 41,000 40,866
Cash distribution $ 10,391 $ 11,964 $ 16,737 $ 16,811 $ 16,829
Cash distributions representing
a return of capital $ 8,454 $ 2,204 $ 14,031 $ 15,970 $ 15,988
Per weighted-average depositary unit:
Net income (loss) $ 0.14 $ 0.93 $ 0.19 $ (0.06) $ (0.11)
Cash distribution $ 1.00 $ 1.15 $ 1.60 $ 1.60 $ 1.60
Cash distribution representing
a return of capital $ 0.86 $ 0.22 $ 1.41 $ 1.60 $ 1.60
After reduction of $0.4 million ($.04 per weighted-average depositary unit)
resulting from a special allocation to the General Partner relating to the
gross gain on the sale of assets (see Note 1 to the consolidated financial
statements).
After reduction of $0.1 million ($.01 per weighted-average depositary unit)
resulting from a special allocation to the General Partner relating to the
gross gain on the sale of assets (see Note 1 to the consolidated financial
statements).
After reduction of $0.7 million ($.07 per weighted-average depositary unit)
resulting from a special allocation to the General Partner relating to the
gross gain on the sale of assets (see Note 1 to the consolidated financial
statements).
After reduction of $0.8 million ($.08 per weighted-average depositary unit)
resulting from a special allocation to the General Partner relating to the
gross gain on the sale of assets (see Note 1 to the consolidated financial
statements).
After reduction of $0.9 million ($.09 per weighted-average depositary unit)
resulting from a special allocation to the General Partner relating to the
gross gain on the sale of assets (see Note 1 to the consolidated financial
statements).
ITEM7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
(A) Introduction
Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of
operations relates to the financial statements of PLM Equipment Growth Fund III
(the Partnership). The following discussion and analysis of operations and risks
focuses on the performance of the Partnership's equipment in various sectors of
the transportation industry and its effect on the Partnership's overall
financial condition.
(B) Results of Operations -- Factors Affecting Performance
(1) Re-leasing and Repricing Activity
The exposure of the Partnership's equipment portfolio to repricing risk
occurs whenever the leases for the equipment expire or are otherwise terminated
and the equipment must be remarketed. Factors influencing the current market
rate for transportation equipment include supply and demand for similar or
comparable types or kinds of transport capacity, desirability of the equipment
in the leasing market, market conditions for the particular industry segment in
which the equipment is to be leased, overall market conditions, and regulations
of many kinds concerning the use of the equipment. Equipment that is idle or out
of service between the expiration of one lease and the assumption of a
subsequent one can result in a reduction of contribution to the Partnership. The
Partnership experienced re-leasing or repricing exposure in 1997 primarily in
its aircraft, marine vessel, marine containers, trailers, and railcars.
(a) Aircraft: Aircraft contribution increased from 1996 to 1997 due to an
off-lease Boeing 737-200 aircraft that went back on lease during the first
quarter of 1997. All other aircraft investments were on lease for the entire
year.
(b) Marine Vessel: The Partnership's partially owned marine vessel is
operated in a pooled operation. In the third quarter of 1997, the lease rate on
this marine vessel decreased approximately 8%.
(c) Marine Containers: The majority of the Partnership's marine container
portfolio is operated in utilization-based leasing pools and, as such, is highly
exposed to repricing activity. The Partnership's marine container contributions
declined from 1996 to 1997, due to the disposition of equipment during 1997.
(d) Trailers: All of the Partnership's trailer portfolio operates in
short-term rental facilities or short-line railroad systems. The relatively
short duration of most leases in these operations exposes the trailers to
considerable re-leasing activity. Contribution from the Partnership's trailers
operated in short-term rental facilities and the short-line railroad system
declined from 1996 to 1997, due to the disposition of equipment during 1997.
(e) Railcars: The majority of the Partnership's railcar equipment remained
on-lease throughout the year, and thus was not adversely affected by re-leasing
and repricing exposure.
(2) Equipment Liquidations and Nonperforming Lessees
Liquidation of Partnership equipment represents a reduction in the size of the
equipment portfolio and will result in a reduction of net contributions to the
Partnership. Lessees not performing under the terms of their leases, either by
not paying rent, not maintaining or operating the equipment in accordance with
the conditions of the leases, or other possible departures from the leases, can
result not only in reductions in net contributions, but also may require the
Partnership to assume additional costs to protect its interests under the
leases, such as repossession and legal fees.
(a) Liquidations: During 1997, the Partnership sold marine containers,
railcars, trailers, and two aircraft. A portion of the proceeds from the sale of
this equipment was used to repay part of the Partnership's outstanding note
payable.
(b) Nonperforming Lessees: One aircraft lessee encounted financial
difficulties. The General Partner fully reserved the accounts receivable
outstanding from the aircraft lessee as of December 31, 1997. All other
equipment sectors experienced minor nonperforming lessees, none of which had a
significant impact on the performance of the Partnership.
(3) Reinvestment Risk
During the first seven years of operations, the Partnership invested surplus
cash in additional equipment after fulfilling operating requirements and paying
distributions to the partners. Pursuant to the partnership agreement, the
Partnership may no longer reinvest in additional equipment beginning in 1997.
Subsequent to the end of the reinvestment period, which concluded on December
31, 1996, the Partnership will continue to operate for an additional three
years, then begin an orderly liquidation over an anticipated two-year period.
During the year, the Partnership received proceeds from equipment disposals of
approximately $12.1 million. The Partnership reinvested $0.2 million in capital
repairs to pressurized and nonpressurized tank cars and trailers.
(4) Equipment Valuation
In March 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement
No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived
Assets to Be Disposed Of" (SFAS 121). This standard is effective for years
beginning after December 15, 1995. The Partnership adopted SFAS 121 during 1995,
the effect of which was not material, as the method previously employed by the
Partnership was consistent with SFAS 121. In accordance with SFAS 121, the
General Partner reviews the carrying value of its equipment portfolio at least
annually in relation to expected future market conditions for the purpose of
assessing the recoverability of the recorded amounts. If projected future lease
revenues plus residual values are less than the carrying value of the equipment,
a loss on revaluation is recorded. No adjustments to reflect impairment of
individual equipment carrying values were required for the years ended December
31, 1997 or 1996.
As of December 31, 1997, the General Partner estimated the current fair market
value of the Partnership's equipment portfolio, including the Partnership's
share of equipment owned by unconsolidated special-purpose entities, to be
approximately $86.3 million.
(C) Financial Condition -- Capital Resources and Liquidity
The Partnership purchased its initial equipment portfolio with capital raised
from its initial equity offering and permanent debt financing. No further
capital contributions from original partners are permitted under the terms of
the Partnership's limited partnership agreement. In addition, the Partnership,
under its current loan agreement, does not have the capacity to incur additional
debt. Therefore, the Partnership relies on operating cash flow to meet its
operating obligations and to make cash distributions to the limited partners.
For the year ended December 31, 1997, the Partnership generated sufficient funds
to meet its operating obligations and to maintain the current level of
distributions (total of $10.4 million in 1997) to the partners.
The Partnership's note payable, which bears interest at 1.5% over LIBOR, had an
outstanding balance of $29.3 million as of December 31, 1997. Commencing October
1, 1997, the loan required quarterly principal payments of the greater of 75% of
the net proceeds from asset sales occurring after September 30, 1997, or
payments equal to 9.0% of the facility balance at September 30, 1997. During
1997, the Partnership paid $11.0 million of the outstanding loan balance as a
result of asset sales.
The General Partner has not planned any expenditures, nor is it aware of any
contingencies that would cause it to require any additional capital to that
mentioned above.
(D) Results of Operations -- Year-to-Year Detailed Comparison
(1) Comparison of the Partnership's Operating Results for the Years Ended
December 31, 1997 and 1996
(a) Owned Equipment Operations
Lease revenues less direct expenses (repairs and maintenance, marine equipment
operating expense, and asset-specific insurance) on owned equipment increased
for the year ended 1997 when compared to the same period of 1996. The following
table presents results by owned equipment type (in thousands of dollars):
For the Year Ended
December 31,
--------------------------------------
1997 1996
--------------------------------------
Aircraft and aircraft engines $ 6,499 $ 3,688
Rail equipment 5,319 4,976
Mobile offshore drilling unit 1,612 701
Trailers 1,539 1,748
Marine containers 1,077 1,482
Marine vessels (160) 926
Aircraft and Aircraft Engines:Aircraft lease revenues and direct expenses were
$7.9 million and $1.4 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31,
1997, compared to $5.0 million and $1.3 million, respectively, during the same
period of 1996. The increase in net contribution was due to three aircraft
acquired during the second and third quarter of 1996, one aircraft that was off
lease for part of 1996 and went back on lease during the first quarter of 1997,
partially offset by disposition of two aircraft during the third and fourth
quarter of 1997.
Rail Equipment: Railcar lease revenues and direct expenses were $7.5 million and
$2.2 million, respectively, for the twelve months ended 1997, compared to $7.8
million and $2.8 million, respectively, during the same period of 1996. The
increase in railcar contribution resulted from running repairs required on
certain railcars in the fleet in 1996 that were not needed during 1997. The
increase in contribution caused by lower repairs was partially offset by a
decrease in railcar revenue due to lower average lease rate in 1997 when
compared to 1996.
Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit: Mobile offshore drilling unit lease revenues and
direct expenses were $1.6 million and $31,000, respectively, for the twelve
months ended December 31, 1997, compared to $0.7 million and $19,000,
respectively, during the same period of 1996. The increase in contribution was
due to a full year of revenue earned on the rig in 1997, compared to five months
in 1996.
Trailers: Trailer lease revenues and direct expenses were $1.8 million and $0.3
million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 1997, compared to $2.1
million and $0.4 million, respectively, during the same period of 1996. The
number of trailers owned by the Partnership has been declining due to sales and
dispositions. The result of this declining fleet has been a decrease in trailers
net contribution.
Marine Containers: Marine container lease revenues and direct expenses were $1.1
million and $10,000, respectively, for the twelve months ended December 31,
1997, compared to $1.5 million and $12,000, respectively, during the same period
of 1996. The number of marine containers owned by the Partnership has been
declining due to sales and dispositions. The result of this declining fleet has
been a decrease in marine container net contribution.
Marine Vessels: Marine vessel lease revenues and direct expenses were zero and
$0.2 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 1997, compared to
$1.4 million and $0.5 million, respectively, during the same period of 1996. The
decrease of net contribution was due to the sale of all the Partnership's marine
vessels during 1996. The $0.2 million net loss in 1997 was primarily due to
uncollectible port costs for a sold vessel that were formerly borne by the
lessee.
(b) Indirect Operating Expenses Related to Owned Equipment Operations
Total indirect expenses of $20.5 million for the twelve months ended December
31, 1997 increased from $18.1 million for the same period of 1996. Significant
variances are explained below:
(i) An increase of $2.9 million in depreciation and amortization expense
from 1996 levels reflects the Partnership's entire year of depreciation on
equipment purchased in 1996, which was partially offset by the sale or
disposition of certain Partnership assets during 1997 and 1996.
(ii) An increase of $0.1 million in management fees was due to higher lease
revenues in 1997, compared to 1996.
(iii) A decrease of $0.4 million in bad debt expense from 1996 levels
primarily reflects the Partnership's evaluation of collectibility of certain
receivable balances.
(iv) A decrease of $0.3 million in general and administrative expenses was
primarily due to decreases in inspection costs and various taxes.
(c) Net Gain on Disposition of Equipment
The net gain on disposition of equipment was $5.6 million for the year ended
December 31, 1997 and resulted from the disposition of marine containers,
trailers, railcars, and aircraft. These assets had an aggregate net book value
of $6.5 million and were sold or liquidated for proceeds of $12.1 million. The
net gain on disposition of equipment totaled $6.5 million for the year ended
December 31, 1996 and resulted from the disposition of aircraft engines, marine
vessels, marine containers, trailers, and railcars. These assets had an
aggregate net book value of $8.0 million and were sold or liquidated for
proceeds of $13.8 million. Included in the gain of $6.5 million from the sale of
equipment was the unused portion of accrued drydocking of $0.7 million.
Interest and Other Income
Interest and other income decreased by $0.5 million for the year ended December
31, 1997 compared to 1996 primarily due to no sales-type lease income in 1997
compared to $0.5 million in 1996. The charterer exercised its option to buy the
vessel which was under the sales-type lease in July 1996.
(e) Equity in Net Income (Loss) of Unconsolidated Special-Purpose Entities
(USPEs)
The equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated special-purpose entities
represents the net income (loss) generated from the operation of jointly-owned
assets accounted for under the equity method (see Note 4 to the consolidated
financial statements) (in thousands of dollars).
For the Year Ended
December 31,
---------------------------------------
1997 1996
---------------------------------------
Aircraft and aircraft engines $ 857 $ 901
Marine vessels (372) (611)
Mobile offshore drilling unit -- 6,574
Aircraft and Aircraft Engines: The Partnership's share of aircraft revenues and
expenses were $2.8 million and $1.9 million, respectively, for 1997, compared to
$3.6 million and $2.7 million, respectively, during 1996. As of December 31,
1997, the Partnership had a partial beneficial interest in three trusts that
hold seven commercial aircraft, two aircraft engines, and a package of rotable
components. The decrease in net contribution was due to the Partnership's
liquidation of its 50% investment in an entity that owned an aircraft engine in
the third quarter of 1996, resulting in $0.7 million in net gains on sale.
Marine Vessel: The Partnership's share of revenues and expenses of marine
vessels was $1.4 million and $1.8 million, respectively, for the year ended
December 31, 1997, compared to $1.4 million and $2.0 million, respectively, for
the same period in 1996. As of December 31, 1997, the Partnership had a 56%
interest in an entity that owns a bulk-carrier marine vessel. The decrease in
net loss in 1997, when compared to 1996, was due to lower repairs and
maintenance and lower marine operating expenses in 1997 than in 1996.
Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit: The Partnership's share of revenues and expenses
of the mobile offshore drilling unit was zero for the year ended December 31,
1997, compared to $7.2 million and $0.6 million, respectively, for the same
period of 1996. The income of $6.6 million for the twelve months ended December
31, 1996 was primarily due to the sale, in the third quarter of 1996, of the
Partnership's investment in an entity that owns a mobile offshore drilling unit,
for a gain of which the Partnership' share was $6.5 million.
(e) Net Income
As a result of the foregoing, the Partnership's net income of $1.9 million for
the year ended December 31, 1997 decreased from $9.8 million in the same period
in 1996. The Partnership's ability to operate or liquidate assets, secure
leases, and re-lease those assets whose leases expire is subject to many
factors. Therefore, the Partnership's performance in the year ended December 31,
1997 is not necessarily indicative of future periods. The Partnership
distributed $9.9 million to the limited partners, or $1.00 per weighted-average
depositary unit in the twelve months ended December 31, 1997.
(2) Comparison of the Partnership's Operating Results for the Years Ended
December 31, 1996 and 1995
(a) Owned Equipment Operations
Lease revenues less direct expenses (repairs and maintenance, marine equipment
operating expense, and asset-specific insurance) on owned equipment decreased
for the year ended 1996 when compared to the same period of 1995. The following
table presents results by owned equipment type (in thousands of dollars):
For the Year Ended
December 31,
--------------------------------------
1996 1995
--------------------------------------
Rail equipment $ 4,976 $ 4,745
Aircraft and aircraft engines 3,688 4,595
Trailers 1,748 1,666
Marine containers 1,482 1,848
Marine vessels 926 1,465
Mobile offshore drilling unit 701 --
Rail Equipment: Railcar lease revenues and direct expenses were $7.8 million and
$2.8 million, respectively, for the twelve months ended 1996, compared to $7.8
million and $3.1 million, respectively, during the same period of 1995. The
increase in railcar contribution resulted from running repairs required on
certain railcars in the fleet during 1995, which were not needed during 1996.
Aircraft and Aircraft Engines: Aircraft lease revenues and direct expenses were
$5.0 million and $1.3 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31,
1996, compared to $4.7 million and $0.1 million, respectively, during the same
period of 1995. The decrease in net contribution was due to $1.1 million in
repairs on one aircraft to prepare it for re-leasing and the off-lease status of
this aircraft during the third quarter of 1996.
Trailers: Trailer lease revenues and direct expenses were $2.1 million and $0.4
million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 1996, compared to $1.9
million and $0.2 million, respectively, during the same period of 1995. The
trailer fleet decreased as of the year ended December 31, 1996, compared to the
same period of 1995, due to the disposition of trailers during 1996. In 1996,
the number of trailers in the PLM-affiliated short-term rental yards increased
due to term leases that expired. These trailers earned a higher lease rate while
in the rental yards, compared to the fixed-term leases, thus increasing net
contribution.
Marine Containers: Marine container lease revenues and direct expenses were $1.5
million and $12,000, respectively, for the twelve months ended December 31,
1996, compared to $1.9 million and $27,000, respectively, during the same period
of 1995. The number of marine containers owned by the Partnership declined in
1996 due to sales and dispositions. The result of this declining fleet was a
decrease in marine container net contribution.
Marine Vessels: Marine vessel lease revenues and direct expenses were $1.4
million and $0.5 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 1996,
compared to $2.7 million and $1.2 million, respectively, during the same period
of 1995. The decrease of net contribution was due to the sale of one marine
vessel during the second quarter of 1995 and the sale of two marine vessels
during the third quarter of 1996.
Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit: Mobile offshore drilling unit lease revenues and
direct expenses were $0.7 million and $19,000, respectively, for the year ended
December 31, 1996. The Partnership acquired and placed into lease service one
mobile offshore drilling unit in the third quarter of 1996.
(b) Indirect Operating Expenses Related to Owned Equipment Operations
Total indirect expenses of $18.1 million for the twelve months ended December
31, 1996 increased from $16.1 million for the same period of 1995. The variance
is explained as follows:
(i) A decrease of $1.8 million in depreciation and amortization expenses
from 1995 levels reflects the Partnership's depreciation on the purchase of
$28.5 million of new equipment, which was offset by the sale or disposition of
certain Partnership assets during 1995 and 1996.
(ii) An increase of $0.4 million in bad debt expense from 1995 levels
primarily reflects the Partnership's evaluation of collectibility of certain
receivable balances.
(iii) An increase of $0.1 million in aircraft inspection expense was
incurred on one aircraft before it could be re-leased.
(iv) A decrease of $0.4 million in interest expense was due to the payment
of debt principal due to the sale of assets.
(c) Net Gain on Disposition of Equipment
The net gain on disposition of equipment was $6.5 million for the year ended
December 31, 1996 and resulted from the disposition of aircraft engines, marine
vessels, marine containers, trailers, and railcars. These assets had an
aggregate net book value of $8.0 million and were sold or liquidated for
proceeds of $13.8 million. Included in the gain of $6.5 million from the sale of
equipment was the unused portion of accrued drydocking of $0.7 million. The net
gain on disposition of equipment totaled $2.9 million in the same period of 1995
and resulted from the disposition of marine containers, railcars, and a marine
vessel. These assets had an aggregate net book value of $5.5 million and were
sold or liquidated for proceeds of $8.4 million, which included proceeds of $5.0
million from a marine vessel related to a sales-type lease.
(d) Interest and Other Income
Interest and other income decreased by $0.8 million for the year ended December
31, 1996 compared to 1995 due primarily to lower cash balances available for
investment when compared to the same period of 1995.
(e) Equity in Net Income (Loss) of Unconsolidated Special-Purpose Entities
(USPEs)
The equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated special-purpose entities
represents the net income (loss) generated from the operation of jointly-owned
assets accounted for under the equity method (see Note 4 to the consolidated
financial statements) (in thousands in dollars).
For the Year Ended
December 31,
--------------------------------------
1996 1995
--------------------------------------
Mobile offshore drilling unit $ 6,574 $ 1
Aircraft and aircraft engines 901 (154)
Marine vessels (611) 13
Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit: The Partnership's share of revenues and expenses
of the mobile offshore drilling unit was $7.2 million and $0.6 million,
respectively, for the year ended December 31, 1996, compared to $1.3 million and
$1.3 million, respectively, for the same period of 1995. The increase in income
to $6.6 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 1996 was due to the
sale, in the third quarter of 1996, of the Partnership's investment in an entity
that owns a mobile offshore drilling unit, for a gain of which the Partnership's
share was $6.5 million.
Aircraft and Aircraft Engines: The Partnership's share of aircraft revenues and
expenses was $3.6 million and $2.7 million, respectively, for 1996, compared to
$1.1 million and $1.2 million, respectively, during 1995. As of December 31,
1996, the Partnership had a partial beneficial interest in three trusts that
hold nine commercial aircraft, two aircraft engines, and a package of aircraft
rotables. The increase in income to $0.9 million for the year ended December 31,
1996, compared to a loss of $0.15 million for the year ended December 31, 1995,
was due to the Partnership's sale of its 50% investment in an entity that owns
an aircraft engine in the third quarter of 1996, resulting in $0.7 million in
net gains and $0.7 million in net income. In addition, the Partnership's share
of revenue was higher in the year ended December 31, 1996, compared to 1995
levels, due to the acquisition of three trusts in September 1995.
Marine Vessels: The Partnership's share of revenues and expenses of marine
vessels was $1.4 million and $2.0 million, respectively, for the year ended
December 31, 1996, compared to $1.9 million and $1.9 million, respectively, for
the same period in 1995. The loss of $0.6 million of marine vessel revenue for
the year ended December 31, 1996 was caused by lower revenue for the year ended
December 31, 1996, due to lower charter rates, when compared to 1995 levels, and
higher marine operating expense for the year ended December 31, 1996, when
compared to 1995 levels.
(f) Net Income
As a result of the foregoing, the Partnership's net income of $9.8 million for
the year ended December 31, 1996 increased from a net income of $2.7 million in
the same period in 1995. The Partnership's ability to operate or liquidate
assets, secure leases, and re-lease those assets whose leases expire is subject
to many factors. Therefore, the Partnership's performance in the year ended
December 31, 1996 is not necessarily indicative of future periods. The
Partnership distributed $11.4 million to the limited partners, or $1.15 per
weighted-average depositary unit in the twelve months ended December 31, 1996.
(E) Geographic Information
The Partnership operates its equipment in international markets. Although these
operations expose the Partnership to certain currency, political, credit, and
economic risks, the General Partner believes that these risks are minimal or has
implemented strategies to control the risks as follows: Currency risks are at a
minimum because all invoicing, with the exception of a small number of railcars
operating in Canada, is conducted in U.S. dollars. Political risks are minimized
generally through the avoidance of operations in countries that do not have a
stable judicial system and established commercial business laws. Credit support
strategies for lessees range from letters of credit supported by U.S. banks to
cash deposits. Although these credit support mechanisms generally allow the
Partnership to maintain its lease yield, there are risks associated with
slow-to-respond judicial systems when legal remedies are required to secure
payment or repossess equipment. Economic risks are inherent in all international
markets and the General Partner strives to minimize this risk with market
analysis prior to committing equipment to a particular geographic area. Refer to
the consolidated financial statements, Note 3 for information on the revenues,
income, and net book value of equipment in various geographic regions.
Revenues and net operating income by geographic region are impacted by the time
period the asset is owned and on/off-lease status and the useful life ascribed
to the asset for depreciation purposes. Net income (loss) from equipment is
significantly impacted by depreciation charges, which are greatest in the early
years due to the General Partner's decision to use the double-declining balance
method of depreciation. The relationships of geographic revenues, net income
(loss), and net book value are expected to significantly change in the future as
equipment is sold in various equipment markets and geographic areas.
The Partnership's equipment leased to Canadian-domiciled lessees consists of
railcars and an interest in an entity that owns a commercial aircraft. Revenues
in Canada accounted for 27% of total lease revenues (including lease revenue in
USPEs), while these operations accounted for $3.4 million in net income for the
Partnership's total net income of $1.9 million.
The Partnership's equipment on lease to U.S.-domiciled lessees consists of
railcars, trailers, and an aircraft. During 1997, U.S. lease revenues accounted
for 22% of the lease revenues generated by wholly and partially-owned equipment,
while these operations accounted for $1.1 million in net income for the
Partnership's total net income of $1.9 million.
European operations consist of three owned aircraft and an interest in two
trusts that own three aircraft, two aircraft engines, and aircraft rotable
components, which accounted for 22% of the lease revenues generated by wholly
and partially-owned equipment. The net loss generated by this equipment was $1.9
million in 1997 for the Partnership's total net income of $1.9 million.
Asian operations consisted of one aircraft at the end of 1997. During 1997,
revenues of this aircraft and an aircraft sold in 1997 accounted for 11% of
total lease revenues (including the lease revenue in USPEs), while these
operations accounted for $3.8 million in net income for the Partnership's total
net income of $1.9 million. The sold aircraft was disposed of in the fourth
quarter of 1997, for a gain of $4.9 million.
Marine containers, one mobile offshore drilling unit, a partially owned marine
vessel, and a sold aircraft, which were leased in various regions, accounted for
19% of the total lease revenues (including lease revenues in USPEs), while these
operations accounted for $0.6 million in net income for the Partnership's total
net income of $1.9 million.
Year 2000 Compliance
The General Partner is currently addressing the Year 2000 computer software
issue. The General Partner is creating a timetable for carrying out any program
modifications that may be required. The General Partner does not anticipate that
the cost of these modifications allocable to the Partnership will be material.
(G) Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued two new
statements: SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income," which requires
enterprises to report, by major component and in total, all changes in equity
from nonowner sources; and SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information," which establishes annual and interim
reporting standards for a public Partnership's operating segments and related
disclosures about its products, services, geographic areas, and major customers.
Both statements are effective for the Partnership's fiscal year ended December
31, 1998, with earlier application permitted. The effect of adoption of these
statements will be limited to the form and content of the Partnership's
disclosures and will not impact the Partnership's results of operations, cash
flow, or financial position.
(H) Inflation
Inflation had no significant impact on the Partnership's operations during 1997,
1996, or 1995.
(I) Forward-Looking Information
Except for historical information contained herein, the discussion in this Form
10-K contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties,
such as statements of the Partnership's plans, objectives, expectations, and
intentions. The cautionary statements made in this Form 10-K should be read as
being applicable to all related forward-looking statements wherever they appear
in this Form 10-K. The Partnership's actual results could differ materially from
those discussed here.
(J) Outlook for the Future
Since the Partnership is in its holding or passive liquidation phase, the
General Partner will be seeking to selectively re-lease or sell assets as the
existing leases expire. Sale decisions will cause the operating performance of
the Partnership to decline over the remainder of its life. The General Partner
anticipates that the liquidation of Partnership assets will be completed by the
scheduled termination of the Partnership at the end of the year 2000.
The Partnership intends to use cash flow from operations to satisfy its
operating requirements, pay loan principal on debt, and pay cash distributions
to the investors.
(1) Impact of Government Regulations on Future Operations
The General Partner operates the Partnership's equipment in accordance with
current applicable regulations (see Item 1, Section E, Government Regulations).
However, the continuing implementation of new or modified regulations by some of
the authorities mentioned previously, or others, may adversely affect the
Partnership's ability to continue to own or operate equipment in its portfolio.
Additionally, regulatory systems vary from country to country, which may
increase the burden to the Partnership of meeting regulatory compliance for the
same equipment operated between countries. Ongoing changes in the regulatory
environment, both in the United States and internationally, cannot be predicted
with any accuracy and preclude the General Partner from determining the impact
of such changes on Partnership operations or sale of equipment. Under U.S.
Federal Aviation Regulations, after December 31, 1999, no person shall operate
an aircraft to or from any airport in the contiguous United States unless that
airplane has been shown to comply with Stage III noise levels. The Partnership's
fleet consists of late-model Stage II narrowbody commercial aircraft. The
aircraft either are positioned with air carriers that are outside Stage
III-legislated areas, are scheduled for Stage III hushkit installation in
1998-99, or are anticipated to be sold or leased outside Stage III areas before
2000. Specifically, the Partnership has scheduled a Stage II narrowbody aircraft
for sale during 1998. A Stage II narrowbody aircraft now on lease in the United
States will be sold or leased outside the Stage III-affected areas before the
year 2000.
(2) Distributions
Pursuant to the limited partnership agreement, the Partnership ceased
reinvesting in additional equipment beginning in 1997. The General Partner will
pursue a strategy of selectively re-leasing equipment to achieve competitive
returns or selling equipment that is underperforming or whose operation becomes
prohibitively expensive in the period prior to the final liquidation of the
Partnership. During this time, the Partnership will use operating cash flow and
proceeds from the sale of equipment to meet its operating obligations and make
distributions to the partners. Although the General Partner intends to maintain
a sustainable level of distributions prior to the final liquidation of the
Partnership, actual Partnership performance and other considerations may require
adjustments to then-existing distribution levels. In the long term, changing
market conditions and used equipment values may preclude the General Partner
from accurately determining the impact of future re-leasing activity and
equipment sales on Partnership performance and liquidity.
The Partnership will enter the active liquidation phase beginning January 1,
2000. During this phase, the size of the Partnership's remaining equipment
portfolio and, in turn, the amount of net cash flows from operations will
continue to become progressively smaller as assets are sold. Although
distribution levels will be reduced, significant asset sales may result in
potential special distributions to unitholders.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The financial statements for the Partnership are listed in the Index to
Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules included in Item 14 of
this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
(This space intentionally left blank)
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF PLM INTERNATIONAL
AND PLM FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.
As of the date of this annual report, the directors and executive officers of
PLM International (and key executive officers of its subsidiaries) and of PLM
Financial Services, Inc. are as follows:
Name Age Position
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Robert N. Tidball 59 Chairman of the Board,
Director, President, and Chief Executive Officer,
PLM International, Inc.;
Director, PLM Financial Services, Inc.;
Vice President, PLM Railcar Management Services, Inc.;
President, PLM Worldwide Management Services Ltd.
Randall L.-W. Caudill 50 Director, PLM International, Inc.
Douglas P. Goodrich 51 Director and Senior Vice President,
PLM International; Director and President,
PLM Financial Services, Inc.;
President, PLM Transportation Equipment Corporation;
President, PLM Railcar Management Services, Inc.
Harold R. Somerset 63 Director, PLM International, Inc.
Robert L. Witt 57 Director, PLM International, Inc.
J. Michael Allgood 49 Vice President and Chief Financial Officer,
PLM International, Inc. and PLM Financial Services, Inc.
Stephen M. Bess 51 President, PLM Investment Management, Inc. and PLM Securities Corp.;
Vice President and Director, PLM Financial Services, Inc.
Richard K Brock 35 Vice President and Corporate Controller,
PLM International, Inc. and PLM Financial Services, Inc.
Frank Diodati 43 President, PLM Railcar Management Services Canada Limited
Steven O. Layne 43 Vice President, PLM Transportation Equipment Corporation;
Vice President, PLM Worldwide Management Services Ltd.
Susan C. Santo 35 Vice President, Secretary, and General Counsel,
PLM International, Inc. and PLM Financial Services, Inc.
Thomas L. Wilmore 55 Vice President, PLM Transportation Equipment Corporation;
Vice President, PLM Railcar Management Services, Inc.
Robert N. Tidball was appointed Chairman of the Board in August 1997 and
President and Chief Executive Officer of PLM International in March 1989. At the
time of his appointment, he was Executive Vice President of PLM International.
Mr. Tidball became a director of PLM International in April 1989. Mr. Tidball
was appointed Director of PLM Financial Services, Inc. in July 1997 and was
elected President of PLM Worldwide Management Services Limited in February 1998.
He has served as an officer of PLM Railcar Management Services, Inc. since June
1987. Mr. Tidball was Executive Vice President of Hunter Keith, Inc., a
Minneapolis-based investment banking firm, from March 1984 to January 1986.
Prior to Hunter Keith, he was Vice President, General Manager, and Director of
North American Car Corporation and a director of the American Railcar Institute
and the Railway Supply Association.
Randall L.-W. Caudill was elected to the Board of Directors in September 1997.
He is President of Dunsford Hill Capital Partners, a San Francisco-based
financial consulting firm serving emerging growth companies in the United States
and abroad, as well as a senior advisor to the investment banking firm of
Prudential Securities, where he has been employed since 1987. Mr. Caudill also
serves as a director of VaxGen, Inc. and SBE, Inc.
Douglas P. Goodrich was elected to the Board of Directors in July 1996,
appointed Senior Vice President of PLM International in March 1994, and
appointed Director and President of PLM Financial Services, Inc. in June 1996.
Mr. Goodrich has also served as Senior Vice President of PLM Transportation
Equipment Corporation since July 1989 and as President of PLM Railcar Management
Services, Inc. since September 1992, having been a senior vice president since
June 1987. Mr. Goodrich was an executive vice president of G.I.C. Financial
Services Corporation, a subsidiary of Guardian Industries Corporation of
Chicago, Illinois, from December 1980 to September 1985.
Harold R. Somerset was elected to the Board of Directors of PLM International in
July 1994. From February 1988 to December 1993, Mr. Somerset was President and
Chief Executive Officer of California & Hawaiian Sugar Corporation (C&H Sugar),
a recently acquired subsidiary of Alexander & Baldwin, Inc. Mr. Somerset joined
C&H Sugar in 1984 as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer,
having served on its Board of Directors since 1978, a position in which he
continues to serve. Between 1972 and 1984, Mr. Somerset served in various
capacities with Alexander & Baldwin, Inc., a publicly held land and agriculture
company headquartered in Honolulu, Hawaii, including Executive Vice President of
Agriculture and Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary. In addition to a
law degree from Harvard Law School, Mr. Somerset also holds degrees in civil
engineering from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and in marine engineering
from the U.S. Naval Academy. Mr. Somerset also serves on the boards of directors
for various other companies and organizations, including Longs Drug Stores,
Inc., a publicly held company.
Robert L. Witt was elected to the Board of Directors in June 1997. Since 1993,
Mr. Witt has been a principal with WWS Associates, a consulting and investment
group specializing in start-up situations and private organizations about to go
public. Prior to that, he was Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board
of Hexcel Corporation, an international advanced materials company with sales
primarily in the aerospace, transportation, and general industrial markets. Mr.
Witt also serves on the boards of directors for various other companies and
organizations.
J. Michael Allgood was appointed Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of
PLM International in October 1992 and Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
of PLM Financial Services, Inc. in December 1992. Between July 1991 and October
1992, Mr. Allgood was a consultant to various private and public-sector
companies and institutions specializing in financial operations systems
development. In October 1987, Mr. Allgood co-founded Electra Aviation Limited
and its holding company, Aviation Holdings Plc of London, where he served as
Chief Financial Officer until July 1991. Between June 1981 and October 1987, Mr.
Allgood served as a first vice president with American Express Bank Ltd. In
February 1978, Mr. Allgood founded and until June 1981 served as a director of
Trade Projects International/Philadelphia Overseas Finance Company, a joint
venture with Philadelphia National Bank. From March 1975 to February 1978, Mr.
Allgood served in various capacities with Citibank, N.A.
Stephen M. Bess was appointed Director of PLM Financial Services, Inc. in July
1997. Mr. Bess was appointed President of PLM Securities Corporation in June
1996 and President of PLM Investment Management, Inc. in August 1989, having
served as Senior Vice President of PLM Investment Management, Inc. beginning in
February 1984 and as Corporate Controller of PLM Financial Services, Inc.
beginning in October 1983. Mr. Bess served as Corporate Controller of PLM, Inc.
beginning in December 1982. Mr. Bess was Vice President-Controller of Trans
Ocean Leasing Corporation, a container leasing company, from November 1978 to
November 1982, and Group Finance Manager with the Field Operations Group of
Memorex Corporation, a manufacturer of computer peripheral equipment, from
October 1975 to November 1978.
Richard K Brock was appointed Vice President and Corporate Controller of PLM
International and PLM Financial Services, Inc. in June 1997, having served as an
accounting manager beginning in September 1991 and as Director of Planning and
General Accounting beginning in February 1994. Mr. Brock was a division
controller of Learning Tree International, a technical education company, from
February 1988 through July 1991.
Frank Diodati was appointed President of PLM Railcar Management Services Canada
Limited in 1986. Previously, Mr. Diodati was Manager of Marketing and Sales for
G.E. Railcar Services Canada Limited.
Steven O. Layne was appointed Vice President of PLM Transportation Equipment
Corporation's Air Group in November 1992, and was appointed Vice President and
Director of PLM Worldwide Management Services Limited in September 1995. Mr.
Layne was its Vice President, Commuter and Corporate Aircraft beginning in July
1990. Prior to joining PLM, Mr. Layne was Director of Commercial Marketing for
Bromon Aircraft Corporation, a joint venture of General Electric Corporation and
the Government Development Bank of Puerto Rico. Mr. Layne is a major in the
United States Air Force Reserves and a senior pilot with 13 years of accumulated
service.
Susan C. Santo became Vice President, Secretary, and General Counsel of PLM
International and PLM Financial Services, Inc. in November 1997. She has worked
as an attorney for PLM International since 1990 and served as its Senior
Attorney since 1994. Previously, Ms. Santo was engaged in the private practice
of law in San Francisco. Ms. Santo received her J.D. from the University of
California, Hastings College of the Law.
Thomas L. Wilmore was appointed Vice President, Rail of PLM Transportation
Equipment Corporation in March 1994, and has served as Vice President of
Marketing for PLM Railcar Management Services, Inc. since May 1988. Prior to
joining PLM, Mr. Wilmore was Assistant Vice President and Regional Manager for
MNC Leasing Corporation in Towson, Maryland from February 1987 to April 1988.
From July 1985 to February 1987, he was President and co-owner of Guardian
Industries Corporation, Chicago, and between December 1980 and July 1985, Mr.
Wilmore was an executive vice president for its subsidiary, G.I.C. Financial
Services Corporation. Mr. Wilmore also served as Vice President of Sales for
Gould Financial Services, located in Rolling Meadows, Illinois, from June 1978
to December 1980.
The directors of PLM International, Inc. are elected for a three-year term and
the directors of PLM Financial Services, Inc. are elected for a one-year term or
until their successors are elected and qualified. No family relationships exist
between any director or executive officer of PLM International Inc. or PLM
Financial Services, Inc.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The Partnership has no directors, officers, or employees. The Partnership had no
pension, profit-sharing, retirement, or similar benefit plan in effect as of
December 31, 1997.
(This space intentionally left blank)
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
(A) Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners
The General Partner is generally entitled to a 5% interest in the
profits and losses and distributions of the Partnership. In addition to
its General Partner interest, FSI owned 8,000 units in the Partnership
as of December 31, 1997. As of December 31, 1997, no investor was known
by the General Partner to beneficially own more than 5% of the
depositary units of the Partnership.
(B) Security Ownership of Management
Table 4, below, sets forth, as of the date of this report, the amount
and percent of the Partnership's outstanding depositary units
beneficially owned by each of the directors and executive officers and
all directors and executive officers as a group of the General Partner
and its affiliates:
TABLE 4
Name Depositary Units Percent of Units
Robert N. Tidball 2,000 *
All directors and officers
As a group (1 person) 2,000 *
* Less than 1%.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
(A) Transactions with Management and Others
During 1997, management fees to IMI were $1.2 million. In addition, the
General Partner and its affiliates were reimbursed $0.8 million for
administrative and data processing services performed on behalf of the
Partnership in 1997. The Partnership paid Transportation Equipment
Indemnity Company Ltd. (TEI), a wholly-owned, Bermuda-based subsidiary
of PLM International, $6,000 for insurance coverages during 1997, which
amounts were paid substantially to third-party reinsurance underwriters
or placed in risk pools managed by TEI on behalf of affiliated
partnerships and PLM International, and which provide threshold
coverages on marine vessel loss of hire and hull and machinery damage.
All pooling arrangement funds are either paid out to cover applicable
losses or refunded pro rata by TEI.
During 1997, the USPEs paid or accrued the following fees to FSI or its
affiliates (based on the Partnership's proportional share of
ownership): management fees, $0.2 million, and administrative and data
processing services, $0.1 million. The USPEs also paid TEI $0.1 million
for insurance coverages during 1997.
(B) Certain Business Relationships
None.
(C) Indebtedness of Management
None.
(d) Transactions with Promoters
None.
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(A) 1. Financial Statements
The financial statements listed in the accompanying Index to Financial
Statements are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
(B) Reports on Form 8-K
None.
(C) Exhibits
4. Limited Partnership Agreement of Partnership. Incorporated by
reference to the Partnership's Registration Statement on Form S-1
(Reg. No. 33-18104), which became effective with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on March 25, 1988.
4.1 Amendment, dated November 18, 1991, to Limited Partnership
Agreement of Partnership. Incorporated by reference to the
Partnership's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on March 30, 1992.
10.1 Management Agreement between Partnership and PLM Investment
Management, Inc. Incorporated by reference to the Partnership's
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Reg. No. 33-18104), which
became effective with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
March 25, 1988.
10.2 $41,000,000 Credit Agreement dated as of December 13, 1994 with
First Union National Bank of North Carolina.
25. Powers of Attorney.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, the Partnership has duly caused this report to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
The Partnership has no directors or officers. The General Partner has signed on
behalf of the Partnership by duly authorized officers.
Date: March 20, 1998 PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
PARTNERSHIP
By: PLM Financial Services, Inc.
General Partner
By: /s/ Douglas P. Goodrich
-------------------------
Douglas P. Goodrich
President & Director
By: /s/ Richard Brock
-------------------------
Richard Brock
Vice President and
Corporate Controller
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report
has been signed below by the following directors of the Partnership's General
Partner on the dates indicated.
Name Capacity Date
*___________________
Robert N. Tidball Director, FSI March 20, 1998
*___________________
Douglas P. Goodrich Director, FSI March 20, 1998
*___________________
Stephen M. Bess Director, FSI March 20, 1998
*Susan Santo, by signing her name hereto, does sign this document on behalf of
the persons indicated above pursuant to powers of attorney duly executed by such
persons and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
/s/ Susan Santo
- -------------------
Susan Santo
Attorney-in-Fact
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership)
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Item 14(a))
Page
Report of independent auditors 28
Balance sheets as of December 31, 1997 and 1996 29
Statements of income for the years ended December 31,
1997, 1996, and 1995 30
Statements of changes in partners' capital for
the years ended December 31, 1997, 1996, and
1995 31
Statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31,
1997, 1996, and 1995 32
Notes to financial statements 33-41
All other financial statement schedules have been omitted because the required
information is not pertinent to the registrant or is not material, or because
the information required is included in the financial statements and notes
thereto.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Partners
PLM Equipment Growth Fund III:
We have audited the financial statements of PLM Equipment Growth Fund III as
listed in the accompanying index. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Partnership's management. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of PLM Equipment Growth Fund III
as of December 31, 1997 and 1996 and the results of its operations and its cash
flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 1997 in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ KPMG PEAT MARWICK, LLP
- --------------------------------
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA
March 12, 1998
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership)
BALANCE SHEETS
December 31,
(in thousands of dollars, except unit amounts)
1997 1996
---------------------------------
Assets
Equipment held for operating leases, at cost $ 105,308 $ 136,670
Less accumulated depreciation (67,234) (78,607 )
-------------------------------------
Net equipment 38,074 58,063
Cash and cash equivalents 4,239 1,414
Restricted cash and marketable securities -- 5,966
Accounts and notes receivable, net of allowance for doubtful
accounts of $1,837 in 1997 and $1,381 in 1996 1,316 1,515
Investments in unconsolidated special-purpose entities 9,179 11,138
Prepaid expenses 71 64
Deferred charges, net of accumulated amortization
of $348 in 1997 and $800 in 1996 307 491
-------------------------------------
Total assets $ 53,186 $ 78,651
=====================================
Liabilities and partners' capital
Liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 1,294 $ 1,505
Due to affiliates 2,208 1,297
Lessee deposits and reserve for repairs 835 7,552
Note payable 29,290 40,284
-------------------------------------
Total liabilities 33,627 50,638
-------------------------------------
Partners' capital:
Limited partners (9,871,073 depositary units
In 1997 and 1996) 19,559 28,013
General Partner -- --
-------------------------------------
Total partners' capital 19,559 28,013
-------------------------------------
Total liabilities and partners' capital $ 53,186 $ 78,651
=====================================
See accompanying notes to financial
statements.
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership)
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
For the Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands of dollars, except weighted-average unit amounts)
1997 1996 1995
-------------------------------------------
Revenues
Lease revenue $ 19,989 $ 18,459 $ 23,368
Interest and other income 448 977 1,751
Net gain on disposition of equipment 5,629 6,450 2,936
------------------------------------------------
Total revenues 26,066 25,886 28,055
------------------------------------------------
Expenses
Depreciation and amortization 13,959 11,047 12,757
Management fees to affiliate 1,153 1,004 1,137
Repairs and maintenance 3,707 4,475 4,063
Repositioning expense -- 13 (18 )
Equipment operating expenses 248 176 902
Interest expense 3,164 3,078 3,474
Insurance expense to affiliate 6 -- 268
Other insurance expenses 211 359 390
General and administrative expenses to affiliates 777 747 816
Other general and administrative expenses 931 1,263 1,166
Provision for bad debts 458 828 394
------------------------------------------------
Total expenses 24,614 22,990 25,349
------------------------------------------------
Equity in net income of unconsolidated
special-purpose entities 485 6,864 --
------------------------------------------------
Net income $ 1,937 $ 9,760 $ 2,706
================================================
Partners' share of net income
Limited partners $ 1,417 $ 9,162 $ 1,869
General Partner 520 598 837
------------------------------------------------
Total $ 1,937 $ 9,760 $ 2,706
================================================
Net income per weighted-average depositary unit
(9,871,073, 9,873,821, and
9,927,458 units -in 1997, 1996, and 1995, respectively) $ 0.14 $ 0.93 $ 0.19
================================================
Cash distribution $ 10,391 $ 11,964 $ 16,737
================================================
Cash distribution per weighted-average depositary unit $ 1.00 $ 1.15 $ 1.60
================================================
See accompanying notes to financial
statements.
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership) STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN PARTNERS' CAPITAL For the Years
Ended December 31, 1997, 1996, and 1995 (in thousands of dollars)
Limited General
Partners Partner Total
-----------------------------------------------
Partners' capital as of December 31, 1994 $ 44,751 $ -- $ 44,751
Net income 1,869 837 2,706
Repurchase of depositary units (383) -- (383 )
Cash distribution (15,900) (837) (16,737 )
----------------------------------------------------
Partners' capital as of December 31, 1995 30,337 -- 30,337
Net income 9,162 598 9,760
Repurchase of depositary units (120) -- (120 )
Cash distribution (11,366) (598) (11,964 )
----------------------------------------------------
Partners' capital as of December 31, 1996 28,013 -- 28,013
Net income 1,417 520 1,937
Cash distribution (9,871) (520) (10,391 )
----------------------------------------------------
Partners' capital as of December 31, 1997 $ 19,559 $ -- $ 19,559
====================================================
See accompanying notes to financial
statements.
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Years Ended December 31,
(thousands of dollars)
1997 1996 1995
--------------------------------------------
Operating activities
Net income $ 1,937 $ 9,760 $ 2,706
Adjustments to reconcile net income
to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 13,959 11,047 12,757
Net gain on disposition of equipment (5,629 ) (6,450 ) (2,936 )
Equity in net income from unconsolidated special-
Purpose entities (485 ) (6,864 ) --
Income from sales-type lease -- (1,885 ) --
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Restricted cash and marketable securities 5,966 (306 ) (307 )
Accounts and notes receivable, net 205 727 202
Due (to) from affiliates (881 ) (202 ) 1,050
Prepaid expenses (7 ) 10 111
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (211 ) 150 43
Lessee deposits and reserves for repairs (6,717 ) (914 ) (302 )
--------------------------------------------------
Net cash provided by operating activities 8,137 5,073 13,324
--------------------------------------------------
Investing activities
Payments for purchase of equipment -- (28,540 ) (9,961 )
Payment of capitalized repairs (248 ) (728 ) (1,008 )
Payments of acquisition fees to affiliate -- (1,284 ) (447 )
Payments received on sales-type lease -- 6,403 482
Proceeds from disposition of equipment 12,085 13,786 3,389
Liquidation distribution from unconsolidated
special-purpose entities -- 13,711 --
Distribution from unconsolidated
special-purpose entities 2,444 2,835 --
Payments of lease negotiation fees to affiliate -- (285 ) (99 )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 14,281 5,898 (7,644 )
--------------------------------------------------
Financing activities
Due to affiliate 1,792 -- --
Proceeds from notes payable -- 19,148 --
Principal payments on notes payable (10,994 ) (19,864 ) --
Repurchase of depositary units -- (120 ) (383 )
Cash distribution paid to limited partners (9,871 ) (11,366 ) (15,900 )
Cash distribution paid to General Partner (520 ) (598 ) (837 )
Net cash used in financing activities (19,593 ) (12,800 ) (17,120 )
--------------------------------------------------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 2,825 (1,829 ) (11,440 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year ( See Note 4) 1,414 3,243 14,885
--------------------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 4,239 $ 1,414 $ 3,445
==================================================
Supplemental information:
Interest paid $ 3,339 $ 2,957 $ 2,611
=================================================
Supplemental disclosure of noncash investing and financing activities:
Sales proceeds included in accounts receivable $ 6 $ -- $ --
==================================================
See accompanying notes to financial
statements.
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1997
1. Basis of Presentation
Organization
PLM Equipment Growth Fund III, a California limited partnership (the
Partnership), was formed on October 15, 1987. The Partnership engages
in the business of owning and leasing primarily used transportation and
related equipment. The Partnership offering became effective on March
25, 1988. The Partnership commenced significant operations in September
1988. PLM Financial Services, Inc. (FSI) is the General Partner. FSI is
a wholly-owned subsidiary of PLM International, Inc. (PLM
International).
The Partnership will terminate on December 31, 2000, unless terminated
earlier upon sale of all equipment or by certain other events.
Beginning in the Partnership's seventh year of operations, which
commenced on January 1, 1997, the General Partner stopped reinvesting
excess cash, all of which, less reasonable reserves, will be
distributed to the Partners. Beginning in the Partnership's eleventh
year of operations, the General Partner intends to begin an orderly
liquidation of the Partnership's assets.
FSI manages the affairs of the Partnership. The net income (loss) and
distributions of the Partnership are generally allocated 95% to the
limited partners and 5% to the General Partner (see Net Income (Loss)
and Distributions per Depositary Unit, below). The General Partner is
entitled to a subordinated incentive fee equal to 7.5% of "Surplus
Distributions," as defined in the partnership agreement, remaining
after the limited partners have received a certain minimum rate of
return.
These financial statements have been prepared on the accrual basis of
accounting in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
This requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect
the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Operations
The equipment owned by the Partnership is managed, under a continuing
management agreement by PLM Investment Management, Inc. (IMI), a
wholly-owned subsidiary of FSI. IMI receives a monthly management fee
from the Partnership for managing the equipment (see Note 2). FSI, in
conjunction with its subsidiaries, sells transportation equipment to
investor programs and third parties, manages pools of transportation
equipment under agreements with the investor programs, and is a General
Partner of
other programs.
Accounting for Leases
The Partnership's leasing operations generally consist of operating
leases. Under the operating lease method of accounting, the leased
asset is recorded at cost and depreciated over its estimated useful
life. Rental payments are recorded as revenue over the lease term.
Lease origination costs are capitalized and amortized over the term of
the lease.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation of equipment held for operating leases is computed on the
double-declining balance method, taking a full month's depreciation in the month
of acquisition, based upon estimated useful lives of 12 years for aircraft,
marine containers, trailers, and marine vessels, and 15 years for railcars.
Certain aircraft are depreciated under the double-declining balance depreciation
method over the lease term. The depreciation method is changed to straight-
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1997
1. Basis of Presentation (continued)
Depreciation and Amortization (continued)
line method when annual depreciation expense using the straight-line
method exceeds that calculated by the double-declining balance method.
Acquisition fees have been capitalized as part of the cost of the
equipment and amortized over the equipment's depreciable life.
Organization costs were amortized over a 60-month period. Lease
negotiation fees are amortized over the initial equipment lease term.
Debt placement fees and issuance costs are amortized over the term of
the related loan. Major expenditures that are expected to extend the
equipment's useful life or reduce equipment operating expenses are
amortized over the estimated remaining life of the equipment.
Transportation Equipment
In March 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued
Statement No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
to Be Disposed Of" (SFAS 121). In accordance with SFAS 121, the General
Partner reviews the carrying value of its equipment portfolio at least
annually in relation to expected future market conditions for the
purpose of assessing recoverability of the recorded amounts. If
projected future lease revenue plus residual values are less than the
carrying value of the equipment, a loss on revaluation is recorded. No
reductions to the carrying value of equipment were required during 1997
or 1996.
Equipment held for operating leases is stated at cost. Equipment held
for sale is stated at the lower of the equipment's depreciated cost or
fair value less cost to sell, and is subject to a pending contract for
sale.
Investments in Unconsolidated Special-Purpose Entities
The Partnership has interests in unconsolidated special-purpose
entities (USPEs) that own transportation equipment. These interests are
accounted for using the equity method.
The Partnership's investment in USPEs includes acquisition and lease
negotiation fees paid by the Partnership to PLM Transportation
Equipment Corporation (TEC). TEC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the
General Partner. The Partnership's equity interest in net income of
USPEs is reflected net of management fees paid or payable to IMI and
the amortization of acquisition and lease negotiation fees paid to TEC.
Repairs and Maintenance
Maintenance costs are usually the obligation of the lessee. If they are
not covered by the lessee, they are charged against operations as
incurred. To meet the maintenance requirements of certain aircraft
airframes and engines, escrow accounts are prefunded by the lessees.
Estimated costs associated with marine vessel drydockings are accrued
and charged to income ratably over the period prior to such drydocking.
The reserve accounts are included in the balance sheet as lessee
deposits and reserve for repairs. The prefunded amounts are included in
the balance sheet as restricted cash as of December 31, 1996.
Net Income (Loss) and Distributions per Depositary Unit
The net income (loss) and distributions of the Partnership are
generally allocated 95% to the limited partners and 5% to the General
Partner. Gross gain on disposition of equipment in each
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1997
1. Basis of Presentation (continued)
Net Income (Loss) and Distributions per Depositary Unit (continued)
year is specially allocated to the General Partner to the extent, if
any, necessary to cause the capital account balance of the General
Partner to be zero as of the close of such year. The General Partner
received a special allocation in the amount of $0.4 million, $0.1
million, and $0.7 million from the gross gain on disposition of
equipment for the years ended December 31, 1997, 1996, and 1995,
respectively. The limited partners' net income (loss) and distributions
are allocated among the limited partners based on the number of
depositary units owned by each limited partner and on the number of
days of the year each limited partner is in the Partnership.
Cash distributions are recorded when paid. Cash distributions of $2.6
million were declared on January 22, 1998 and were paid on February 13,
1998 to the unitholders of record as of December 31, 1997. Cash
distributions of $12.0 million and $16.7 million were paid on February
15, 1997 and 1996, respectively. Cash distributions to investors in
excess of net income are considered to represent a return of capital.
Distributions of $8.5 million, $2.2 million, and $14.0 million were
deemed a return of capital in 1997, 1996, and 1995, respectively.
Marketable Securities
Marketable securities as of December 31, 1996 included a $6.0 million
zero-coupon bond that matured on November 15, 1997, which was reflected
at its discounted value and approximated market value.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Partnership considers highly liquid investments that are readily
convertible into known amounts of cash with original maturities of
three months or less to be cash equivalents. Lessee security deposits
and required reserves held by the Partnership are considered restricted
cash.
Deferred Charges, Net of Accumulated Amortization
The deferred charges on the financial statements included lease
negotiation fees and debt placement fees.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the 1996 and 1995 financial statements have been
reclassified to conform to the 1997 presentation.
2. General Partner and Transactions with Affiliates
An officer of FSI contributed $100 of the Partnership's initial
capital. Under the equipment management agreement, IMI receives a
monthly fee attributable to either owned equipment or interests in
equipment owned by the USPEs equal to the lesser of (i) the fees that
would be charged by an independent third party for similar services for
similar equipment or (ii) the sum of (a) 5% of the gross lease revenues
(as defined in the agreement) attributable to equipment that is subject
to operating leases and (b) 2% of the gross lease revenues attributable
to equipment that is subject to full payout leases. The partnership's
management fees of $0.4 million and $1.3 million were payable to IMI as
of December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively. The Partnership's
proportional share of USPE management fees of $0.1 million and $20,000
were payable as of December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively. The
Partnership's proportional share of USPE management fee expense during
1997 and 1996 was $0.2 million. Additionally, the Partnership
reimbursed FSI and its affiliates $0.8 million, $0.7 million, and $0.8
million for administrative and
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1997
2. General Partner and Transactions with Affiliates (continued)
data processing services performed on behalf of the Partnership in
1997, 1996, 1995, respectively. The Partnership's proportional share of
USPEs administrative and data processing services was $0.1 million
during 1997 and 1996.
No lease negotiation and equipment acquisition fees were paid to TEC or
PLM Worldwide Management Services Ltd. (WMS) during 1997. WMS is a
wholly-owned subsidiary of PLM International. The Partnership and
unconsolidated special-purpose entities paid or accrued lease
negotiation and equipment acquisition fees of $1.6 million and $0.5
million to TEC and WMS during 1996 and 1995, respectively. The
Partnership paid $6,000 and $0.3 million to Transportation Equipment
Indemnity Company Ltd. (TEI) during 1997 and 1995, respectively. No
expenses were paid to TEI during 1996. The Partnership's proportional
share of USPE marine insurance coverage paid to TEI was $0.1 million
during 1997 and 1996. TEI provides marine insurance coverage and other
insurance brokerage services and is an affiliate of the General
Partner. A substantial portion of these amounts was paid to third-party
reinsurance underwriters or placed in risk pools managed by TEI on
behalf of affiliated partnerships and PLM International, which provide
threshold coverages on marine vessel loss of hire and hull and
machinery damage. All pooling management funds are either paid out to
cover applicable losses or refunded pro rata by TEI.
As of December 31, 1997, 58% of the Partnership's trailer equipment was
operated in rental yards owned and maintained by PLM Rental, Inc., the
short-term trailer rental subsidiary of PLM International doing
business as PLM Trailer Leasing. Revenues collected under short-term
rental agreements with the rental yards' customers are credited to the
owners of the related equipment as received. Direct expenses associated
with the equipment are charged directly to the Partnership. An
allocation of indirect expenses of the rental yard operations is
charged to the Partnership monthly.
The Partnership has interests in certain equipment for lease in
conjunction with affiliated partnerships that are included in
unconsolidated special-purpose entities. In 1997, this equipment
included a 56% ownership in an entity that owns a marine vessel, a 17%
ownership in two trusts that own three commercial aircraft, two
aircraft engines, and portfolio of aircraft rotables; and a 25%
ownership in a trust that owns four commercial aircraft.
The balance due to affiliates as of December 31, 1997 included $0.4
million due to FSI and its affiliates for management fees and $1.8
million due to affiliated USPEs. The balance due to affiliates as of
December 31, 1996 included $1.3 million due to FSI and its affiliates
for management fees. There was no balance due to affiliated USPEs as of
December 31, 1996.
3. Equipment
The components of owned equipment as of December 31, 1997 and 1996 are
as follows (in thousands of dollars):
Equipment held for operating leases: 1997 1996
--------------------------------
Aircraft and aircraft engines $ 46,282 $ 70,615
Rail equipment 34,859 35,733
Mobile offshore drilling unit 9,666 9,666
Marine containers 7,421 13,146
Trailers 7,080 7,510
105,308 136,670
Less accumulated depreciation (67,234) (78,607)
------------------------------------
Net equipment $ 38,074 $ 58,063
====================================
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1997
3. Equipment (continued)
Revenues are earned by placing the equipment under operating leases
that are billed monthly or quarterly. Some of the Partnership's marine
vessels and containers are leased to operators of utilization-type
leasing pools, which include equipment owned by unaffiliated parties.
In such instances, revenues received by the Partnership consist of a
specified percentage of revenues generated by leasing the equipment to
sublessees, after deducting certain direct operating expenses of the
pooled equipment. Rents for railcars are based on mileage traveled or a
fixed rate; rents for all other equipment are based on fixed rates.
As of December 31, 1997, all owned equipment in the Partnership
portfolio was on lease, except for 28 marine containers and 41
railcars. As of December 31, 1996, all owned equipment in the
Partnership portfolio was on lease, except for 32 marine containers, 67
railcars, and an aircraft. The aggregate net book value of equipment
off lease was $0.3 million and $4.3 million as of December 31, 1997 and
1996, respectively.
During 1997, the Partnership sold or disposed of marine containers,
trailers, railcars, and aircraft with an aggregate net book value of
$6.5 million for aggregate proceeds of $12.1 million.
During 1996, the Partnership sold or disposed of marine containers,
aircraft engines, vessels, trailers, and railcars with an aggregate net
book value of $8.0 million for aggregate proceeds of $14.5 million.
In the fourth quarter of 1996 the Partnership ended its investment
phase in accordance with the limited partnership agreement; therefore,
no equipment was purchased during 1997. Capital improvements to the
Partnership's existing equipment of $0.2 million and $0.7 million were
made during 1997 and 1996, respectively. During 1996, the Partnership
purchased three commercial aircraft and a mobile offshore drilling unit
for $28.5 million and paid acquisition fees of $1.3 million to TEC.
All leases for owned and partially owned equipment are being accounted
for as operating leases. Future minimum rentals under noncancelable
leases for owned and partially owned equipment as of December 31, 1997
during each of the next five years are approximately $10.0 million in
1998, $6.9 million in 1999, $4.8 million in 2000, $3.7 million in 2001,
$0.9 million in 2002, and $1.3 million thereafter. Contingent rentals
based upon utilization were $0.9 million, $1.5 million, and $1.9
million in 1997, 1996, and 1995, respectively.
The Partnership owns certain equipment that is leased and operated
internationally. A limited number of the Partnership's transactions are
denominated in a foreign currency. The Partnership's asset and
liability accounts denominated in a foreign currency were translated
into U.S. dollars at the rates in effect at the balance sheet dates,
and revenue and expense items were translated at average rates during
the year. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions
are included in the results of operations and are not material.
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1997
3. Equipment (continued)
The Partnership leases or leased its aircraft, railcars, and trailers
to lessees domiciled in four geographic regions: Canada, the United
States, Europe, Asia. The marine vessels, mobile offshore drilling
unit, and marine containers are leased to multiple lessees in different
regions that operate the marine vessels and marine containers
worldwide. The tables below set forth geographic information about the
Partnership's owned and partially owned equipment grouped by domicile
of the lessee as of and for the years ended December 31, 1997, 1996,
and 1995 (in thousands of dollars):
Revenues:
Owned Total Equipment
Investments in USPEs Equipment
Region 1997 1996 1997 1996 1995
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rest of the world $ 1,414 $ 2,113 $ 3,105 $ 4,087 $ 6,998
Canada 1,019 1,083 5,479 3,434 5,098
United States -- -- 5,227 7,749 7,542
Europe 1,766 1,869 3,620 1,120 826
Asia -- -- 2,558 2,069 2,904
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total lease revenues $ 4,199 $ 5,065 $ 19,989 $ 18,459 $ 23,368
==============================================================================
The following table below sets forth identifiable income (loss)
information by region (in thousands of dollars):
Owned Total Equipment
Investments in USPEs Equipment
Net income (loss): 1997 1996 1997 1996 1995
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rest of the world $ (372) $ 5,962 $ 941 $ 6,858 $ 3,193
Canada 84 (307 ) 3,340 2,591 1,869
United States -- -- 1,130 1,639 1,818
Europe 773 1,209 (2,662) (1,728) 107
Asia -- -- 3,771 (2,821) (476)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total identifiable net income 485 6,864 6,520 6,539 6,511
Administrative and other net loss -- -- (5,068) (3,643) (3,805)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total net income $ 485 $ 6,864 $ 1,452 $ 2,896 $ 2,706
=============================================================================
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1997
3. Equipment (continued)
The net book value of these assets at December 31, 1997, 1996, and 1995
were as follows (in thousands of dollars):
Investments in USPEs Owned Equipment
1997 1996 1995 1997 1996 1995
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rest of the world $ 3,104 $ 3,999 $ 4,821 $ 8,542 $ 13,599 $ 11,035
Canada 2,054 2,575 3,948 6,866 8,136 10,019
United States -- -- 6,093 8,639 10,862 12,157
Europe 4,021 4,564 5,958 11,175 17,399 --
Asia -- -- -- 2,852 8,067 12,714
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total equipment held for
operating leases 9,179 11,138 20,820 38,074 58,063 45,925
Railcars held for sale -- -- -- -- -- 475
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Equipment $ 9,179 $ 11,138 $ 20,820 $ 38,074 $ 58,063 $ 46,400
=================================================================================
No lessees comprised more than 10% of total revenues in 1997, 1996, or
1995.
4. Investments in Unconsolidated Special Purpose Entities
During the second half of 1995, the Partnership began to increase the
level of its participation in the ownership of large-ticket
transportation assets to be owned and operated jointly with affiliated
programs. Prior to 1996, the Partnership accounted for operating
activities associated with joint ownership of rental equipment as
undivided interests, including its proportionate share of each asset
with similar wholly-owned assets in its financial statements. Under
generally accepted accounting principles, the effects of such
activities, if material, should be reported using the equity method of
accounting. Therefore, effective January 1, 1996, the Partnership
adopted the equity method to account for its investment in such
jointly-held assets.
The principal differences between the previous accounting method and
the equity method concern the presentation of activities relating to
these assets in the statement of operations. Whereas under the equity
method of accounting the Partnership's proportionate share is presented
as a single net amount, "equity in net income (loss) of unconsolidated
special-purpose entities," under the previous method the Partnership's
income statement reflected its proportionate share of each individual
item of revenue and expense. Accordingly, the effect of adopting the
equity method of accounting has no cumulative effect on previously
reported partners' capital or on the Partnership's net income (loss)
for the period of adoption. Because the effects on previously issued
financial statements of applying the equity method of accounting to
investments in jointly-owned assets are not considered to be material
to such financial statements taken as a whole, previously issued
financial statements have not been restated. The beginning cash and
cash equivalents for 1996 is different from the ending cash and cash
equivalents for 1995 on statements of cash flows due to this
reclassification.
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1997
4. Investments in Unconsolidated Special-Purpose Entities (continued)
The following summarizes the financial information for the USPEs and
the Partnership's interests therein as of and for the years ended December 31,
1997 and 1996 (in thousands of dollars):
1997 1996
-------- ----------
Net Interest Net Interest
Total of Total USPEs of Partnership
USPEs Partnership
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net investments $ 45,015 $ 9,179 $ 49,985 $ 11,138
Revenues 18,882 4,199 22,146 5,065
Net income 11,077 485 15,930 6,864
The net investment in USPEs includes the following jointly-owned
equipment (and related assets and liabilities) as of December 31, (in thousands
of dollars):
%
Ownership Equipment 1997 1996
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
17% Two trusts that own three commercial aircraft, two aircraft
engines, and a portfolio of rotable components $ 4,021 $ 4,564
56% Bulk carrier marine vessel 3,104 3,999
17% Trust that owns six commercial aircraft -- 2,575
25% Trust that owns four commercial aircraft 2,054 --
----------------------------------
Investments in unconsolidated special-purpose entities $ 9,179 $ 11,138
==================================
The Partnership has interests in a USPE that owns multiple aircraft
(the Trust). This Trust contains provisions, under certain
circumstances, for allocating specific aircraft to the beneficial
owners. During 1997, PLM Equipment Growth Fund IV and PLM Equipment
Growth Fund VI each sold the aircraft designated to it. The result for
the Partnership was to restate the ownership in the Trust from 17% to
25%. This change has no effect on the income or loss recognized during
1997.
5. Note Payable
The Partnership had a note outstanding with a face amount of $29.3
million as of December 31, 1997, with interest computed at LIBOR plus
1.5% per annum. The note had three tranches with different maturities
based on the General Partner's ability to select various LIBOR
maturities (one month, two months, or six months) for tranches of the
notes. Rates are set when the tranches mature and are reset (7.4% as of
December 31, 1997 and 7.0%, 7.1%, and 7.3% as of December 31, 1996).
During the first 15 months following conversion to a term loan on
September 30, 1996, quarterly principal payments equal to 75% of net
proceeds from asset sales was due. Commencing October 1, 1997,
quarterly principal payments will be equal to 75% of net proceeds from
asset sales from September 30, 1997, or payments equal to 9.0% of the
facility balance as of September 30, 1997. During 1997, the Partnership
paid $11.0 million of the outstanding loan balance as a result of asset
sales.
The General Partner believes that the book value of the debt
approximates fair market value due to its variable interest rate. The
Partnership is prohibited from incurring any new indebtedness when it
is in the holding phase or liquidation phase.
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
(A Limited Partnership)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 1997
6. Income Taxes
The Partnership is not subject to income taxes, as any income or loss
is included in the tax returns of the individual partners. Accordingly,
no provision for income taxes has been made in the financial statements
of the Partnership.
As of December 31, 1997, there were temporary differences of
approximately $28.4 million between the financial statement carrying
values of certain assets and liabilities and the income tax basis of
such assets and liabilities, primarily due to differences in
depreciation methods and equipment reserves.
7. Repurchase of Depositary Units
On December 28, 1992, the Partnership engaged in a program to
repurchase up to 250,000 depository units. No purchases of depositary
units were made during 1997. As of December 31, 1997, the Partnership
had repurchased a cumulative total of 128,853 depositary units at a
total cost of $0.9 million. The General Partner does not intend to make
any additional repurchase of depositary units on behalf of the
Partnership.
8. Delisting of Partnership Units
The General Partner delisted the Partnership's depositary units from
the American Stock Exchange (AMEX), which had traded under the symbol
GFZ, on April 8, 1996. The last day for trading on the AMEX was March
22, 1996. Under the Internal Revenue Code (the Code), then in effect,
the Partnership was classified as a Publicly Traded Partnership. The
Code treated all Publicly Traded Partnerships as corporations if they
remained publicly traded after December 31, 1997. Treating the
Partnership as a corporation would have meant the Partnership itself
became a taxable, rather than a "flow through" entity. As a taxable
entity, the income of the Partnership would have become subject to
federal taxation at both the partnership level and the investor level
to the extent that income would have been distributed to an investor.
In addition, the General Partner believed that the trading price of the
depositary units would have become distorted when the Partnership began
the final liquidation of the underlying equipment portfolio. In order
to avoid taxation of the Partnership as a corporation and to prevent
unfairness to Unitholders, the General Partner delisted the
Partnership's depositary units from the AMEX. While the Partnership's
depositary units are no longer publicly traded on a national stock
exchange, the General Partner continues to manage the equipment of the
Partnership and prepare and distribute quarterly and annual reports and
Forms 10-Q and 10-K in accordance with the Securities and Exchange
Commission requirements. In addition, the General Partner continues to
provide pertinent tax reporting forms and information to unitholders.
As of March 20, 1998, there were 9,871,073 depositary units
outstanding. There are approximately 12,500 depositary unitholders of
record as of the date of this report.
Several secondary exchanges facilitate sales and purchases of limited
partnership units. Secondary markets are characterized as having few
buyers for limited partnership interests and therefore are generally
viewed as being inefficient vehicles for the sale of partnership units.
There is presently no public market for the units and none is likely to
develop. To prevent the units from being considered publicly traded and
thereby to avoid taxation of the Partnership as an association treated
as a corporation under the Internal Revenue Code, the units will not be
transferred without the consent of the General Partner, which may be
withheld in its absolute discretion. The General Partner intends to
monitor transfers of units in an effort to ensure that they do not
exceed the number permitted by certain safe harbors promulgated by the
Internal Revenue Service. A transfer may be prohibited if the intended
transferee is not an U.S. citizen or if the transfer would cause any
portion of the units to be treated as plan assets.
PLM EQUIPMENT GROWTH FUND III
INDEX OF EXHIBITS
Exhibit Page
4. Limited Partnership Agreement of Partnership *
4.1 Amendment, dated November 18, 1991, to Limited Partnership *
Agreement of Partnership
10.1 Management Agreement between Partnership and PLM Investment *
Management, Inc.
10.2 $41,000,000 Credit Agreement dated as of December 13, 1994 with *
First Union National Bank of North Carolina
24. Powers of Attorney. 43-45
* Incorporated by reference. See page 25 of this report.